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Lai W, Zhang J, Sun J, Min T, Bai Y, He J, Cao H, Che Q, Guo J, Su Z. Oxidative stress in alcoholic liver disease, focusing on proteins, nucleic acids, and lipids: A review. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 278:134809. [PMID: 39154692 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.134809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2024] [Revised: 08/11/2024] [Accepted: 08/14/2024] [Indexed: 08/20/2024]
Abstract
Oxidative stress is one of the important factors in the development of alcoholic liver disease. The production of reactive oxygen species and other free radicals is an important feature of alcohol metabolism in the liver and an important substance in liver injury. When large amounts of ROS are produced, the homeostasis of the liver REDOX system will be disrupted and liver injury will be caused. Oxidative stress can damage proteins, nucleic acids and lipids, liver dysfunction. In addition, damaging factors produced by oxidative damage to liver tissue can induce the occurrence of inflammation, thereby aggravating the development of ALD. This article reviews the oxidative damage of alcohol on liver proteins, nucleic acids, and lipids, and provides new insights and summaries of the oxidative stress process. We also discussed the relationship between oxidative stress and inflammation in alcoholic liver disease from different perspectives. Finally, the research status of antioxidant therapy in alcoholic liver disease was summarized, hoping to provide better help for learning and developing the understanding of alcoholic liver disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiwen Lai
- Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Natural Products and New Drugs, Guangdong Provincial University Engineering Technology Research Center of Natural Products and Drugs, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China; Guangdong Metabolic Disease Research Center of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Key Laboratory of Glucolipid Metabolic Disorder, Ministry of Education of China, Guangdong TCM Key Laboratory for Metabolic Diseases, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Jiahua Zhang
- Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Natural Products and New Drugs, Guangdong Provincial University Engineering Technology Research Center of Natural Products and Drugs, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China; Guangdong Metabolic Disease Research Center of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Key Laboratory of Glucolipid Metabolic Disorder, Ministry of Education of China, Guangdong TCM Key Laboratory for Metabolic Diseases, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Jiawei Sun
- Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Natural Products and New Drugs, Guangdong Provincial University Engineering Technology Research Center of Natural Products and Drugs, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China; Guangdong Metabolic Disease Research Center of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Key Laboratory of Glucolipid Metabolic Disorder, Ministry of Education of China, Guangdong TCM Key Laboratory for Metabolic Diseases, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Tianqi Min
- Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Natural Products and New Drugs, Guangdong Provincial University Engineering Technology Research Center of Natural Products and Drugs, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China; Guangdong Metabolic Disease Research Center of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Key Laboratory of Glucolipid Metabolic Disorder, Ministry of Education of China, Guangdong TCM Key Laboratory for Metabolic Diseases, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Yan Bai
- School of Public Health, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510310, China
| | - Jincan He
- School of Public Health, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510310, China
| | - Hua Cao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Zhongshan 528458, China
| | - Qishi Che
- Guangzhou Rainhome Pharm & Tech Co., Ltd, Science City, Guangzhou 510663, China
| | - Jiao Guo
- Guangdong Metabolic Disease Research Center of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Key Laboratory of Glucolipid Metabolic Disorder, Ministry of Education of China, Guangdong TCM Key Laboratory for Metabolic Diseases, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China.
| | - Zhengquan Su
- Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Natural Products and New Drugs, Guangdong Provincial University Engineering Technology Research Center of Natural Products and Drugs, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China; Guangdong Metabolic Disease Research Center of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Key Laboratory of Glucolipid Metabolic Disorder, Ministry of Education of China, Guangdong TCM Key Laboratory for Metabolic Diseases, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China.
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Dong YJ, Zhang YP, Jiang XF, Xie ZY, Li B, Jiang NH, Chen SH, Lv GY. Beneficial effects of Dendrobium officinale National Herbal Drink on metabolic immune crosstalk via regulate SCFAs-Th17/Treg. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 132:155816. [PMID: 38964158 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2024.155816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Revised: 03/29/2024] [Accepted: 06/08/2024] [Indexed: 07/06/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The development of gut-liver axis metabolic immune crosstalk is intimately associated with intestinal barrier disorder, intestinal SCFAs-Th17/Treg immunological imbalance, and disorders of the gut microbiota. Prior research has discovered that Dendrobium officinale National Herbal Drink (NHD), a traditional Chinese medicine drink with enhanced immunity, may enhance the immunological response in animals with impaired immune systems brought on by cyclophosphamide by repairing intestinal barrier function and controlling turbulence in the gut microbiota. However, whether NHD can further improve the gut-liver axis metabolic immune crosstalk and its related mechanisms need to be systematically studied. OBJECTIVES The purpose of this study is to clarify the function and mechanism of NHD in enhancing the gut-liver axis metabolic immunological crosstalk brought on by excessive alcohol intake. METHODS In this work, we set up a mouse model to analyze the metabolic and immunological crosstalk involving the gut-liver axis across 7 weeks of continuous, excessive drinking. At the same time, high and low doses (20,10 ml/kg) of NHD were given by gavage. The effect of NHD on improving the metabolism of gut-liver axis was evaluated by blood lipid, liver lipid deposition, liver function and intestinal pathophysiology. By measuring serum immunological indices, intestinal barrier, and intestinal immune barrier, the impact of NHD on enhancing immune and intestinal barrier function was assessed. Furthermore, immunohistochemistry, immunofluorescence, 16S rRNA, Western blot, q-PCR and other methods were used to detect gut microbiota, SCFAs-GPR41/43 pathway, intestinal Th17/Treg immune cells and PPAR-α-NPC1L1/SREBP1 pathway to elucidate the mechanism by which NHD enhances the gut-liver axis' metabolic immune crosstalk. RESULTS Our study demonstrated that NHD has the potential to improve the pathophysiological damage caused by gut-liver axis in model mice. NHD also ameliorated the disorder of lipid metabolism. In addition, it regulated the levels of peripheral blood T cell immunity and serum immune factors. And NHD can restore intestinal mechanical and immune barrier damage. NHD has a favorable impact on the quantity of beneficial bacteria, including uncultured_bacterium_g__norank_f__muribaculacea and uncultured_bacterium_g__Turicibacter. Additionally, it raised the model mice's levels of SCFAs (n-butyric acid, isovaleric acid, etc.). This resulted in the promotion of intestinal GPR41/43-ERK1/2 expression and the reshaping of intestinal CD4+T cell Th17/Treg homeostasis. As a consequence, colon IL-22 and IL-10 levels increased, while colon IL-17A levels decreased. Lastly, NHD raised the amount of intestinal IAP/LPS, regulated the development of PPAR-α-NPC1L1/SREBP1 pathway in gut-liver axis, and improve lipid metabolism disorder. CONCLUSIONS Our study found that NHD can improve the gut-liver axis metabolic immune crosstalk in model mice caused by excessive drinking. The mechanism might be connected to how NHD controls gut microbiota disorders in model mice, the activation of intestinal SCFAs-GPR41/43 pathway, the remodeling of Th17/Treg immune homeostasis of intestinal CD4+T cells, the improvement of IAP/LPS abnormality, and further mediating the PPAR-α-NPC1L1/SREBP1 pathway of lipid metabolism in gut-liver axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying-Jie Dong
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, No. 548, Binwen Road, Binjiang District, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310014, China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals, No. 18, Chaowang Road, Gongshu District, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310014, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of TCM for Innovative R & D and Digital Intelligent Manufacturing of TCM Great Health Products. Huzhou 313200, China
| | - Yi-Piao Zhang
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals, No. 18, Chaowang Road, Gongshu District, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310014, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of TCM for Innovative R & D and Digital Intelligent Manufacturing of TCM Great Health Products. Huzhou 313200, China
| | - Xiao-Feng Jiang
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals, No. 18, Chaowang Road, Gongshu District, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310014, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of TCM for Innovative R & D and Digital Intelligent Manufacturing of TCM Great Health Products. Huzhou 313200, China
| | - Zhi-Yi Xie
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, No. 548, Binwen Road, Binjiang District, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310014, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of TCM for Innovative R & D and Digital Intelligent Manufacturing of TCM Great Health Products. Huzhou 313200, China
| | - Bo Li
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals, No. 18, Chaowang Road, Gongshu District, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310014, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of TCM for Innovative R & D and Digital Intelligent Manufacturing of TCM Great Health Products. Huzhou 313200, China
| | - Ning-Hua Jiang
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, 314000, China.
| | - Su-Hong Chen
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals, No. 18, Chaowang Road, Gongshu District, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310014, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of TCM for Innovative R & D and Digital Intelligent Manufacturing of TCM Great Health Products. Huzhou 313200, China.
| | - Gui-Yuan Lv
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, No. 548, Binwen Road, Binjiang District, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310014, China.
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Panyod S, Wu WK, Hsieh YC, Tseng YJ, Peng SY, Chen RA, Huang HS, Chen YH, Shen TCD, Ho CT, Liu CJ, Chuang HL, Huang CC, Wu MS, Sheen LY. Ginger essential oil prevents NASH progression by blocking the NLRP3 inflammasome and remodeling the gut microbiota-LPS-TLR4 pathway in mice. Nutr Diabetes 2024; 14:65. [PMID: 39152116 PMCID: PMC11329514 DOI: 10.1038/s41387-024-00306-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Revised: 06/17/2024] [Accepted: 06/18/2024] [Indexed: 08/19/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diet and gut microbiota contribute to non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) progression. High-fat diets (HFDs) change gut microbiota compositions, induce gut dysbiosis, and intestinal barrier leakage, which facilitates portal influx of pathogen-associated molecular patterns including lipopolysaccharides (LPS) to the liver and triggers inflammation in NASH. Current therapeutic drugs for NASH have adverse side effects; however, several foods and herbs that exhibit hepatoprotection could be an alternative method to prevent NASH. METHODS We investigated ginger essential oil (GEO) against palm oil-containing HFDs in LPS-injected murine NASH model. RESULTS GEO reduced plasma alanine aminotransferase levels and hepatic pro-inflammatory cytokine levels; and increased antioxidant catalase, glutathione reductase, and glutathione levels to prevent NASH. GEO alleviated hepatic inflammation through mediated NLR family pyrin domain-containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome and LPS/Toll-like receptor four (TLR4) signaling pathways. GEO further increased beneficial bacterial abundance and reduced NASH-associated bacterial abundance. CONCLUSION This study demonstrated that GEO prevents NASH progression which is probably associated with the alterations of gut microbiota and inhibition of the LPS/TLR4/NF-κB pathway. Hence, GEO may offer a promising application as a dietary supplement for the prevention of NASH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suraphan Panyod
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
- Center for Food and Biomolecules, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Wei-Kai Wu
- Department of Medical Research, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
- Bachelor Program of Biotechnology and Food Nutrition, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Ya-Chi Hsieh
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Yea-Jing Tseng
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Sin-Yi Peng
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Rou-An Chen
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Huai-Syuan Huang
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Yi-Hsun Chen
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Ting-Chin David Shen
- Division of Gastroenterology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Chi-Tang Ho
- Department of Food Science, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
| | - Chun-Jen Liu
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Hsiao-Li Chuang
- National Laboratory Animal Center, National Applied Research Laboratories, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Chi-Chang Huang
- Graduate Institute of Sports Science, National Taiwan Sport University, Taoyuan City, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Ming-Shiang Wu
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC.
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC.
| | - Lee-Yan Sheen
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC.
- Center for Food and Biomolecules, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC.
- National Center for Food Safety Education and Research, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC.
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Ali NAM, Abdelhamid AM, El-Sayed NM, Radwan A. Alpha-Asarone attenuates alcohol-induced hepatotoxicity in a murine model by ameliorating oxidative stress, inflammation, and modulating apoptotic-Autophagic cell death. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2024; 490:117041. [PMID: 39059505 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2024.117041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2024] [Revised: 07/01/2024] [Accepted: 07/21/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024]
Abstract
Alcoholic liver disease (ALD) is a major cause of chronic liver injury characterized by steatosis, inflammation, and fibrosis. This study explored the hepatoprotective mechanisms of alpha-asarone in a mouse model of chronic-binge alcohol feeding. Adult male mice were randomized into control, alcohol, and alcohol plus alpha-asarone groups. Serum aminotransferases and histopathology assessed liver injury. Oxidative stress was evaluated via malondialdehyde content, glutathione, superoxide dismutase, and catalase activities. Pro-inflammatory cytokines TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 were quantified by ELISA. P53-mediated apoptosis was determined by immunohistochemistry. Key autophagy markers phospho-AMPK, AMPK, Beclin-1, LC3-I/LC3-II ratio, and LC3 were examined by immunoblotting. Alcohol administration increased serum ALT, AST and ALP, indicating hepatocellular damage. This liver dysfunction was associated with increased oxidative stress, inflammation, p53 expression and altered autophagy. Alpha-asarone treatment significantly decreased ALT, AST and ALP levels and improved histological architecture versus alcohol alone. Alpha-asarone also mitigated oxidative stress, reduced TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6 levels, ameliorated p53 overexpression and favorably modulated autophagy markers. Our findings demonstrate that alpha-asarone confers protective effects against ALD by enhancing antioxidant defenses, suppressing hepatic inflammation, regulating apoptotic signaling, and restoring autophagic flux. This preclinical study provides compelling evidence for the therapeutic potential of alpha-asarone in attenuating alcohol-induced liver injury and warrants further evaluation as a pharmacotherapy for ALD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nada A M Ali
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt
| | - Amir Mohamed Abdelhamid
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Delta University for Science and Technology, Gamasa 11152, Egypt
| | - Norhan M El-Sayed
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt
| | - Asmaa Radwan
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt.
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Li Y, Wang H, Leng X, Gao J, Li C, Huang D. Polysaccharides from Eucommia ulmoides Oliv. Leaves Alleviate Acute Alcoholic Liver Injury by Modulating the Microbiota-Gut-Liver Axis in Mice. Foods 2024; 13:1089. [PMID: 38611393 PMCID: PMC11011369 DOI: 10.3390/foods13071089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2024] [Revised: 03/28/2024] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
The interplay among gut microbiota, intestines, and liver is crucial in preventing acute alcoholic liver injury. In this study, the hepatoprotective potential of polysaccharides from Eucommia ulmoides Oliv. leaves (EULP) on acute alcoholic liver injury in Kunming male mice was investigated. The structural features suggested that the EULP appeared as a heterogeneous mixture of polysaccharides with a molecular weight of 186132 Da. A 14-day pretreatment of EULP ameliorated acute alcoholic-induced hepatic inflam mation (TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-10), oxidative stress (GSH, SOD, and T-AOC), and liver damage (ALT and AST) via enhancing intestinal barrier (Occludin, Claudin 1, and ZO-1) and modulating microbiome, which subsequently inhibiting endotoxemia and balancing the homeostasis of the gut-liver axis. EULP restored the composition of intestinal flora with an increase in the relative abundance of Lactobacillaceae and a decrease in Lachnospiraceae and Verrucomicrobiaceae. Notably, prolonged EULP pretreatment (14 days) but no single gavage of EULP achieved excellent hepatoprotection. These findings endorsed the potential of EULP as a functional food for mitigating acute alcoholic-induce d liver damage, attributed to its anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and prebiotic properties facilitated by the microbiota-gut-liver axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingzhi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang), Key Laboratory of Bioactive Polysaccharides of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang University, 235 Nanjing East Road, Nanchang 330047, China; (Y.L.); (H.W.); (X.L.); (J.G.); (C.L.)
| | - Huimei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang), Key Laboratory of Bioactive Polysaccharides of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang University, 235 Nanjing East Road, Nanchang 330047, China; (Y.L.); (H.W.); (X.L.); (J.G.); (C.L.)
| | - Xueping Leng
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang), Key Laboratory of Bioactive Polysaccharides of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang University, 235 Nanjing East Road, Nanchang 330047, China; (Y.L.); (H.W.); (X.L.); (J.G.); (C.L.)
| | - Jiaming Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang), Key Laboratory of Bioactive Polysaccharides of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang University, 235 Nanjing East Road, Nanchang 330047, China; (Y.L.); (H.W.); (X.L.); (J.G.); (C.L.)
| | - Chang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang), Key Laboratory of Bioactive Polysaccharides of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang University, 235 Nanjing East Road, Nanchang 330047, China; (Y.L.); (H.W.); (X.L.); (J.G.); (C.L.)
| | - Danfei Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang), Key Laboratory of Bioactive Polysaccharides of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang University, 235 Nanjing East Road, Nanchang 330047, China; (Y.L.); (H.W.); (X.L.); (J.G.); (C.L.)
- International Institute of Food Innovation Co., Ltd., Nanchang 330200, China
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Omidifar N, Gholami A, Shokripour M, Nourani MA, Mohkam M, Mousavi SM, Hashemi SA, Khorram B, Ahmadabadi AN, Dara M. Protective Effects of Xanthine Derivatives Against Arsenic Trioxide-Induced Oxidative Stress in Mouse Hepatic and Renal Tissues. Drug Res (Stuttg) 2024; 74:133-144. [PMID: 38350632 DOI: 10.1055/a-2247-5232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/15/2024]
Abstract
In this study, the protective efficacy of pentoxifylline (PTX) as a xanthine derivative against arsenic trioxide (ATO)-induced kidney and liver damage in mice was investigated. Thirty-six mice were divided into six groups, receiving intraperitoneal injections of saline, ATO, PTX, or a combination for four weeks. Blood samples were analyzed for serum biochemistry, while hepatic tissue underwent examination for histopathological changes and assessment of oxidative stress markers and antioxidant gene expression through Real-Time PCR. ATO exposure significantly increased serum markers (creatinine, ALT, BUN, ALP, AST) and induced histopathological changes in the liver. Moreover, it elevated renal and hepatic nitric oxide (NO) and lipid peroxidation (LPO) levels, and reduced antioxidant enzyme expression (CAT, GSR, GPx, MPO, SOD), total thiol groups (TTGs), and total antioxidant capacity (TAC). Conversely, PTX treatment effectively lowered serum hepatic and renal markers, improved antioxidant markers, and induced histopathological alterations. Notably, PTX did not significantly affect renal and hepatic NO levels. These findings suggest that PTX offers therapeutic potential in mitigating liver and acute kidney injuries induced by various insults, including exposure to ATO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Navid Omidifar
- Biotechnology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Ahmad Gholami
- Biotechnology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Mansoureh Shokripour
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Ali Nourani
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Milad Mohkam
- Allergy Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Seyyed Mojtaba Mousavi
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Seyyed Alireza Hashemi
- Health Policy Research Center, Health Institute, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Bagher Khorram
- Student Research Committee, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Amir Nili Ahmadabadi
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medicinal Plants and Natural Products Research Center, School of Pharmacy, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan
| | - Mahintaj Dara
- Stem Cells and Transgenic Technology Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
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Hsu MF, LeBleu G, Flores L, Parkhurst A, Nagy LE, Haj FG. Hepatic protein tyrosine phosphatase Shp2 disruption mitigates the adverse effects of ethanol in the liver by modulating oxidative stress and ERK signaling. Life Sci 2024; 340:122451. [PMID: 38253311 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2024.122451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2023] [Revised: 01/09/2024] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
AIMS Chronic excessive alcohol intake is a significant cause of alcohol-associated liver disease (ALD), a leading contributor to liver-related morbidity and mortality. The Src homology phosphatase 2 (Shp2; encoded by Ptpn11) is a widely expressed protein tyrosine phosphatase that modulates hepatic functions, but its role in ALD is mostly uncharted. MAIN METHODS Herein, we explore the effects of liver-specific Shp2 genetic disruption using the established chronic-plus-binge mouse model of ALD. KEY FINDINGS We report that the hepatic Shp2 disruption had beneficial effects and partially ameliorated ethanol-induced injury, inflammation, and steatosis in the liver. Consistently, Shp2 deficiency was associated with decreased ethanol-evoked activation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) and oxidative stress in the liver. Moreover, primary hepatocytes with Shp2 deficiency exhibited similar outcomes to those observed upon Shp2 disruption in vivo, including diminished ethanol-induced ERK activation, inflammation, and oxidative stress. Furthermore, pharmacological inhibition of ERK in primary hepatocytes mimicked the effects of Shp2 deficiency and attenuated oxidative stress caused by ethanol. SIGNIFICANCE Collectively, these findings highlight Shp2 as a modulator of hepatic oxidative stress upon ethanol challenge and suggest the evaluation of this phosphatase as a potential therapeutic target for ALD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Fo Hsu
- Department of Nutrition, University of California Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA.
| | - Grace LeBleu
- Department of Nutrition, University of California Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Lizbeth Flores
- Department of Nutrition, University of California Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Amy Parkhurst
- Department of Nutrition, University of California Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Laura E Nagy
- Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA
| | - Fawaz G Haj
- Department of Nutrition, University of California Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA; Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California Davis, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA; Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, University of California Davis, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA.
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Ren Y, Xu Z, Qiao Z, Wang X, Yang C. Flaxseed Lignan Alleviates the Paracetamol-Induced Hepatotoxicity Associated with Regulation of Gut Microbiota and Serum Metabolome. Nutrients 2024; 16:295. [PMID: 38257189 PMCID: PMC10821007 DOI: 10.3390/nu16020295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Revised: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
This study examined the protective effect of flaxseed lignans on liver damage caused by an overdose of paracetamol (PAM). The findings demonstrated that administering 800 mg/kg/d flaxseed lignan prior to PAM significantly decreased the serum aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), and total bilirubin (TBi) levels, while it increased liver superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione (GSH) levels in mice. Flaxseed lignan renovated the gut microbiota dysbiosis induced by PAM by promoting the proliferation of sulfonolipid (SL) producing bacteria such as Alistipes and lignan-deglycosolating bacteria such as Ruminococcus while inhibiting the growth of opportunistic pathogen bacteria such as Acinetobacter and Clostridium. Furthermore, flaxseed lignan modulated the serum metabolomic profile after PAM administration, specifically in the taurine and hypotaurine metabolism, phenylalanine metabolism, and pyrimidine metabolism. The study identified eight potential biomarkers, including enterolactone, cervonyl carnitine, acutilobin, and PC (20:3(5Z, 8Z, 11Z)/20:0). Overall, the results suggest that flaxseed lignan can alleviate PAM-induced hepatotoxicity and may be beneficial in preventing drug-induced microbiome and metabolomic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongyan Ren
- Key Laboratory of Oilseeds Processing of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Hubei Key Laboratory of Lipid Chemistry and Nutrition, Oil Crops Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, No. 2 Xudong 2nd Road, Wuhan 430062, China
| | - Zhenxia Xu
- Key Laboratory of Oilseeds Processing of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Hubei Key Laboratory of Lipid Chemistry and Nutrition, Oil Crops Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, No. 2 Xudong 2nd Road, Wuhan 430062, China
| | - Zhixian Qiao
- Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 7 Donghu South Road, Wuhan 430060, China
| | - Xu Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, No. 1 Shizishan Street, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Chen Yang
- Key Laboratory of Oilseeds Processing of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Hubei Key Laboratory of Lipid Chemistry and Nutrition, Oil Crops Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, No. 2 Xudong 2nd Road, Wuhan 430062, China
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9
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Martins RX, Carvalho M, Maia ME, Flor B, Souza T, Rocha TL, Félix LM, Farias D. 2,4-D Herbicide-Induced Hepatotoxicity: Unveiling Disrupted Liver Functions and Associated Biomarkers. TOXICS 2024; 12:35. [PMID: 38250991 PMCID: PMC10818579 DOI: 10.3390/toxics12010035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Revised: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 12/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) is a widely used herbicide worldwide and is frequently found in water samples. This knowledge has prompted studies on its effects on non-target organisms, revealing significant alterations to liver structure and function. In this review, we evaluated the literature on the hepatotoxicity of 2,4-D, focusing on morphological damages, toxicity biomarkers and affected liver functions. Searches were conducted on PubMed, Web of Science and Scopus and 83 articles were selected after curation. Among these studies, 72% used in vivo models and 30% used in vitro models. Additionally, 48% used the active ingredient, and 35% used commercial formulations in exposure experiments. The most affected biomarkers were related to a decrease in antioxidant capacity through alterations in the activities of catalase, superoxide dismutase and the levels of malondialdehyde. Changes in energy metabolism, lipids, liver function, and xenobiotic metabolism were also identified. Furthermore, studies about the effects of 2,4-D in mixtures with other pesticides were found, as well as hepatoprotection trials. The reviewed data indicate the essential role of reduction in antioxidant capacity and oxidative stress in 2,4-D-induced hepatotoxicity. However, the mechanism of action of the herbicide is still not fully understood and further research in this area is necessary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafael Xavier Martins
- Post-Graduation Program in Biochemistry, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Building 907, Campus Pici, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza 60455-970, Brazil; (R.X.M.); (M.E.M.)
- Laboratory for Risk Assessment of Novel Technologies, Department of Molecular Biology, Federal University of Paraiba, João Pessoa 58050-085, Brazil; (M.C.); (B.F.); (T.S.)
| | - Matheus Carvalho
- Laboratory for Risk Assessment of Novel Technologies, Department of Molecular Biology, Federal University of Paraiba, João Pessoa 58050-085, Brazil; (M.C.); (B.F.); (T.S.)
| | - Maria Eduarda Maia
- Post-Graduation Program in Biochemistry, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Building 907, Campus Pici, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza 60455-970, Brazil; (R.X.M.); (M.E.M.)
- Laboratory for Risk Assessment of Novel Technologies, Department of Molecular Biology, Federal University of Paraiba, João Pessoa 58050-085, Brazil; (M.C.); (B.F.); (T.S.)
| | - Bruno Flor
- Laboratory for Risk Assessment of Novel Technologies, Department of Molecular Biology, Federal University of Paraiba, João Pessoa 58050-085, Brazil; (M.C.); (B.F.); (T.S.)
| | - Terezinha Souza
- Laboratory for Risk Assessment of Novel Technologies, Department of Molecular Biology, Federal University of Paraiba, João Pessoa 58050-085, Brazil; (M.C.); (B.F.); (T.S.)
| | - Thiago Lopes Rocha
- Laboratory of Environmental Biotechnology and Ecotoxicology, Institute of Tropical Pathology and Public Health, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia 74055-110, Brazil;
| | - Luís M. Félix
- Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environment and Biological Sciences (CITAB), University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal;
- Inov4Agro, Institute for Innovation, Capacity Building and Sustainability of Agri-Food Production, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Davi Farias
- Post-Graduation Program in Biochemistry, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Building 907, Campus Pici, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza 60455-970, Brazil; (R.X.M.); (M.E.M.)
- Laboratory for Risk Assessment of Novel Technologies, Department of Molecular Biology, Federal University of Paraiba, João Pessoa 58050-085, Brazil; (M.C.); (B.F.); (T.S.)
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10
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Wang X, Liu B, Liu Y, Wang Y, Wang Z, Song Y, Xu J, Xue C. Antioxidants ameliorate oxidative stress in alcoholic liver injury by modulating lipid metabolism and phospholipid homeostasis. Lipids 2023; 58:229-240. [PMID: 37547958 DOI: 10.1002/lipd.12377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2023] [Revised: 07/02/2023] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023]
Abstract
Alcoholic liver disease (ALD) is a significant risk factor in the global disease burden. The antioxidants vitamin C (Vc) and N-acetyl cysteine (NAC) have shown hepatoprotective effects in preventing and treating ALD. However, the correlation between the improved effect of antioxidants and lipid metabolism is still unclear. In this study, AML12 cells and C57BL/6 mice stimulated with alcohol were used to investigate the protective effects and potential mechanisms of two antioxidants (Vc and NAC) on alcoholic liver injury. Results showed that Vc and NAC attenuated intracellular lipid accumulation and oxidative damage induced by excessive alcohol exposure in hepatic AML12 cells. The in vivo results indicated that antioxidants ameliorated alcohol-induced changes in histopathology, reducing the levels of alcohol metabolizing factors and aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), triglyceride (TG), and total cholesterol (TC) contents, which demonstrated that antioxidants effectively mitigated liver injury in ALD mice. Further studies showed that antioxidants reversed the disruption of fatty acid (FA) synthesis and lipid transport induced by alcohol exposure, and restored phospholipid levels. Especially, Vc and NAC increased the endogenous antioxidant plasmenyl phosphatidylethanolamine (PlsEtn). Additionally, antioxidants ameliorated the alcohol-impaired mitochondrial function and inhibited excessive oxidative stress. In conclusion, antioxidants can regulate lipid metabolism and phospholipid homeostasis, which in turn inhibit oxidative stress and thereby exert protective effects against ALD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxu Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, Shandong Province, China
- College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, Shandong Province, China
| | - Bin Liu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, Shandong Province, China
| | - Yanjun Liu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, Shandong Province, China
| | - Yuliu Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, Shandong Province, China
| | - Zhigao Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, Shandong Province, China
| | - Yu Song
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, Shandong Province, China
| | - Jie Xu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, Shandong Province, China
| | - Changhu Xue
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, Shandong Province, China
- Laboratory of Marine Drugs and Biological Products, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, Shandong Province, China
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11
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Allameh A, Niayesh-Mehr R, Aliarab A, Sebastiani G, Pantopoulos K. Oxidative Stress in Liver Pathophysiology and Disease. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:1653. [PMID: 37759956 PMCID: PMC10525124 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12091653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 38.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2023] [Revised: 08/15/2023] [Accepted: 08/20/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The liver is an organ that is particularly exposed to reactive oxygen species (ROS), which not only arise during metabolic functions but also during the biotransformation of xenobiotics. The disruption of redox balance causes oxidative stress, which affects liver function, modulates inflammatory pathways and contributes to disease. Thus, oxidative stress is implicated in acute liver injury and in the pathogenesis of prevalent infectious or metabolic chronic liver diseases such as viral hepatitis B or C, alcoholic fatty liver disease, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). Moreover, oxidative stress plays a crucial role in liver disease progression to liver fibrosis, cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Herein, we provide an overview on the effects of oxidative stress on liver pathophysiology and the mechanisms by which oxidative stress promotes liver disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdolamir Allameh
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran 1411713116, Iran; (A.A.); (R.N.-M.); (A.A.)
| | - Reyhaneh Niayesh-Mehr
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran 1411713116, Iran; (A.A.); (R.N.-M.); (A.A.)
| | - Azadeh Aliarab
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran 1411713116, Iran; (A.A.); (R.N.-M.); (A.A.)
| | - Giada Sebastiani
- Chronic Viral Illness Services, McGill University Health Center, Montreal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada;
- Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada
| | - Kostas Pantopoulos
- Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada
- Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Montreal, QC H3T 1E2, Canada
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12
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Qiao J, Li H, Jinxiang C, Shi Y, Li N, Zhu P, Zhang S, Miao M. Mulberry fruit repairs alcoholic liver injury by modulating lipid metabolism and the expression of miR-155 and PPARα in rats. Funct Integr Genomics 2023; 23:261. [PMID: 37530875 DOI: 10.1007/s10142-023-01131-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2023] [Revised: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 06/09/2023] [Indexed: 08/03/2023]
Abstract
As alcohol consumption increases, alcoholic liver disease (ALD) has become more popular and is threating our human life. In this study, we found mulberry fruit extract (MFE) repaired alcohol-caused liver diseases by regulating hepatic lipid biosynthesis pathway and oxidative singling in alcoholically liver injured (ALI) rats. MFE administration inhibited hepatic lipid accumulation and improved liver steatosis in ALI rats. MFE also enhanced the antioxidant capacity and alleviated the inflammatory response by increasing the activities of antioxidant enzymes and decreasing the contents of interleukin (IL)-1β and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α. Additionally, MFE regulated the expression of miRNA-155 and lipid metabolism-related PPARα protein in rats. Both miR-155 and PPARα play important roles in liver function. The results indicate that MFE has hepatoprotective effects against ALI in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingyi Qiao
- Academy of Chinese Medicine Sciences, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, 450046, China
- People's Hospital of Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Hanwei Li
- Academy of Chinese Medicine Sciences, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, 450046, China
| | - Chen Jinxiang
- Academy of Chinese Medicine Sciences, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, 450046, China
| | - Yanmei Shi
- Academy of Chinese Medicine Sciences, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, 450046, China
| | - Ning Li
- Academy of Chinese Medicine Sciences, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, 450046, China
| | - Pingsheng Zhu
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, 450046, China
| | - Sisen Zhang
- People's Hospital of Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Mingsan Miao
- Academy of Chinese Medicine Sciences, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, 450046, China.
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13
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Borges RS, Aguiar CPO, Oliveira NLL, Amaral INA, Vale JKL, Chaves Neto AMJ, Queiroz AN, da Silva ABF. Antioxidant capacity of simplified oxygen heterocycles and proposed derivatives by theoretical calculations. J Mol Model 2023; 29:232. [PMID: 37407749 DOI: 10.1007/s00894-023-05602-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2022] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 07/07/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Some structural properties can be involved in the antioxidant capacity of several polyphenol derivatives, among them their simplified structures. This study examines the contribution of simplified structure for the antioxidant capacity of some natural and synthetic antioxidants. The resonance structures were related to the π-type electron system of carbon-carbon double bonds between both phenyl rings. Trans-resveratrol, phenyl-benzofuran, phenyl-indenone, and benzylidene-benzofuranone are the best basic antioxidant templates among the simplified derivatives studied here. Additionally, the stilbene moiety was found on the molecules with the best antioxidant capacity. Furthermore, our investigation suggests that these compounds can be used as antioxidant scaffold for designing and developing of new promising derivatives. METHODS To investigate the structure-antioxidant capacity for sixteen simplified natural and proposed derivatives we have employed density functional theory and used Gaussian 09. Our DFT calculations were performed using the B3LYP functional and the 6-31+G(d,p) basis set. All electron transfer mechanisms were investigated by using values of HOMO, ionization potential, energy affinity, stabilization energies, and spin density distributions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosivaldo S Borges
- Núcleo de Estudos e Seleção de Compostos Bioativos, Instituto de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, PA, 66075-110, Brazil.
- Instituto de Química de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo, CP 780, São Carlos, SP, 13560-970, Brazil.
| | - Christiane P O Aguiar
- Núcleo de Estudos e Seleção de Compostos Bioativos, Instituto de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, PA, 66075-110, Brazil
| | - Nicole L L Oliveira
- Núcleo de Estudos e Seleção de Compostos Bioativos, Instituto de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, PA, 66075-110, Brazil
| | - Israel N A Amaral
- Núcleo de Estudos e Seleção de Compostos Bioativos, Instituto de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, PA, 66075-110, Brazil
| | - Joyce K L Vale
- Núcleo de Estudos e Seleção de Compostos Bioativos, Instituto de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, PA, 66075-110, Brazil
| | - Antonio M J Chaves Neto
- Faculdade de Física, Instituto de Ciências Exatas e Naturais, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, PA, 66075-110, Brazil
| | - Auriekson N Queiroz
- Núcleo de Estudos e Seleção de Compostos Bioativos, Instituto de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, PA, 66075-110, Brazil
| | - Albérico B F da Silva
- Instituto de Química de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo, CP 780, São Carlos, SP, 13560-970, Brazil
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14
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Kim D, Kim SW, Charchoghlyan H, Jeong H, Han GD. Combinatorial Herbal Extracts Alleviate Alcohol-Induced Hepatic Disorders. PLANT FOODS FOR HUMAN NUTRITION (DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS) 2023; 78:432-438. [PMID: 37326941 DOI: 10.1007/s11130-023-01057-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Plant-derived compounds can be useful for the management of liver disease. Traditionally, hepatic disorders have been treated with herbal extracts. Although many herbal extracts in Eastern medicine have been shown to possess hepatoprotective activities, single-origin herbal extracts primarily demonstrate either antioxidant or anti-inflammatory activities. The current study investigated the effects of combinatorial herbal extracts on alcohol-induced hepatic disorders in an ethanol-fed mouse model. Sixteen herbal combinations were evaluated as hepatoprotective formulations; the active constituents in these herbal extracts were daidzin, peonidin-3-glucoside, hesperidin, glycyrrhizin, and phosphatidylcholine. RNA sequencing analysis showed that exposure to ethanol altered hepatic gene expression profiles (compared to those of the non-alcohol-fed group), resulting in 79 differentially expressed genes. A majority of the differentially expressed genes in alcohol-induced hepatic disorders were associated with dysfunction of the normal cellular homeostasis in the liver; however, these genes were repressed by treatment with herbal extracts. Moreover, following treatment with herbal extracts, there were neither acute inflammatory responses in the liver tissue nor abnormalities in the cholesterol profile. These results suggest that combinatorial herbal extracts may alleviate alcohol-induced hepatic disorders by modulating the inflammatory response and lipid metabolism in the liver.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongyeop Kim
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Institute of Medical Information Convergence Research, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Wook Kim
- Department of Food Science and Technology, College of Life and Applied Sciences, Yeungnam University, 280 Daehak-Ro, Gyeongsan, 58541, Gyeongbuk, Republic of Korea
| | - Haykuhi Charchoghlyan
- Department of Food Science and Technology, College of Life and Applied Sciences, Yeungnam University, 280 Daehak-Ro, Gyeongsan, 58541, Gyeongbuk, Republic of Korea
| | - Hojeong Jeong
- Department of Food Science and Technology, College of Life and Applied Sciences, Yeungnam University, 280 Daehak-Ro, Gyeongsan, 58541, Gyeongbuk, Republic of Korea
| | - Gi Dong Han
- Department of Food Science and Technology, College of Life and Applied Sciences, Yeungnam University, 280 Daehak-Ro, Gyeongsan, 58541, Gyeongbuk, Republic of Korea.
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15
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Khattabi L, Chettoum A, Hemida H, Boussebaa W, Atanassova M, Messaoudi M. Pirimicarb Induction of Behavioral Disorders and of Neurological and Reproductive Toxicities in Male Rats: Euphoric and Preventive Effects of Ephedra alata Monjauzeana. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:402. [PMID: 36986501 PMCID: PMC10051897 DOI: 10.3390/ph16030402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2023] [Revised: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/03/2023] [Indexed: 03/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Carbamate pesticides are a risk to human well-being, and pirimicarb is the most widely employed carbamate insecticide. This ongoing investigation aimed to reveal its toxicity on neurobehavioral and reproductive function. The study was carried out on male Wistar rats by assessment of behavioral changes via experiments, such as the forced swim test and the elevated plus maze; determination of oxidative stress (checking parameters such as catalase activity, etc.); measurement of cortisol and testosterone serum titers, and IL-1β levels in the plasma and brain; and evaluation of histopathological lesions that induced pirimicarb after 28 days of gavage, specifically in the brain and testis. Traces of pirimicarb were analyzed in tissue extracts using LCMS/MS. At the same time, the beneficial and protective effect of EamCE (Ephedra alata monjauzeana Crude Extract) were tested. The outcomes showed considerable anxiety and depressive status, with an evident increase in cortisol and IL-1β titers and an important decrease in oxidative enzymes and testosterone. Significant histological lesions were also recorded. In addition, the LCMS/MS analysis affirmed the accumulation of pirimicarb in organ tissue from rats force-fed with pirimicarb. Conversely, EamCE demonstrated outstanding potential as a preventive treatment, restoring cognitive and physical performance, boosting fertility, enhancing antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities and preserving tissue integrity. We concluded that pirimicarb has critical deleterious impacts on health, affecting the neuroimmune-endocrine axis, and EamCE has a general euphoric and preventive effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Latifa Khattabi
- Faculty of Nature and Life Sciences, University of Brothers Mentouri, Constantine1 (UFMC1), BP, 325 Route de Ain El Bey, Constantine 25017, Algeria
- Biotechnology Research Center, Constantine (CRBt), Ali Mendjli Nouvelle Ville UV 03 BP E73, Constantine 25016, Algeria
| | - Aziez Chettoum
- Faculty of Nature and Life Sciences, University of Brothers Mentouri, Constantine1 (UFMC1), BP, 325 Route de Ain El Bey, Constantine 25017, Algeria
| | - Houari Hemida
- Institute of Veterinary Sciences, University of Tiaret, Tiaret 14000, Algeria
| | - Walid Boussebaa
- Scientific and Technical Research Center in Physico-Chemical Analysis (CRAPC), BP384, Bou-Ismail, Tipaza 42004, Algeria
| | - Maria Atanassova
- Nutritional Scientific Consulting, Chemical Engineering, University of Chemical Technology and Metalurgy, 1734 Sofia, Bulgaria
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16
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Kang Y, Sun X, Wang Y, Zhang Y, Huang W. Water-Soluble Copper-Based Simulated Enzyme: Biomimetic Synthesis and Activities in Vitro. CHINESE JOURNAL OF STRUCTURAL CHEMISTRY 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cjsc.2023.100046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/24/2023]
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17
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He XY, Zhu YX, Jiang XQ, Zhu FR, Luo YJ, Qiu YY, Huang ZR, Liu B, Zeng F. Probiotics-Fermented Grifola frondosa Total Active Components: Better Antioxidation and Microflora Regulation for Alleviating Alcoholic Liver Damage in Mice. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24021406. [PMID: 36674921 PMCID: PMC9862899 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24021406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Revised: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 01/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Alcoholic liver damage is caused by long-term drinking, and it further develops into alcoholic liver diseases. In this study, we prepared a probiotic fermentation product of Grifola frondosa total active components (PFGF) by fermentation with Lactobacillus acidophilus, Lactobacillus rhamnosus, and Pediococcus acidilactici. After fermentation, the total sugar and protein content in the PFGF significantly decreased, while the lactic acid level and antioxidant activity of the PFGF increased. Afterward, we investigated the alleviating effect of PFGF on alcoholic liver injury in alcohol-fed mice. The results showed that the PFGF intervention reduced the necrosis of the liver cells, attenuated the inflammation of the liver and intestines, restored the liver function, increased the antioxidant factors of the liver, and maintained the cecum tissue barrier. Additionally, the results of the 16S rRNA sequencing analysis indicated that the PFGF intervention increased the relative abundance of beneficial bacteria, such as Lactobacillus, Ruminococcaceae, Parabacteroids, Parasutterella, and Alistipes, to attenuate intestinal inflammation. These results demonstrate that PFGF can potentially alleviate alcoholic liver damage by restoring the intestinal barrier and regulating the intestinal microflora.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Yu He
- National Engineering Research Center of JUNCAO Technology, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Yu-Xian Zhu
- College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Xiao-Qin Jiang
- College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Fu-Rong Zhu
- National Engineering Research Center of JUNCAO Technology, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Yi-Juan Luo
- National Engineering Research Center of JUNCAO Technology, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Yu-Yang Qiu
- National Engineering Research Center of JUNCAO Technology, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Zi-Rui Huang
- National Engineering Research Center of JUNCAO Technology, Fuzhou 350002, China
- School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Bin Liu
- National Engineering Research Center of JUNCAO Technology, Fuzhou 350002, China
- College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
- Correspondence: (B.L.); (F.Z.)
| | - Feng Zeng
- National Engineering Research Center of JUNCAO Technology, Fuzhou 350002, China
- College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
- Engineering Research Centre of Fujian Subtropical Fruit and Vegetable Processing, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
- Correspondence: (B.L.); (F.Z.)
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18
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Wang T, Xu ZH. Natural Compounds with Aldose Reductase (AR) Inhibition: A Class of Medicative Agents for Fatty Liver Disease. Comb Chem High Throughput Screen 2023; 26:1929-1944. [PMID: 36655533 DOI: 10.2174/1386207326666230119101011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2022] [Revised: 11/03/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Fatty liver disease (FLD), which includes both non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and alcoholic fatty liver disease (ALD), is a worldwide health concern. The etiology of ALD is long-term alcohol consumption, while NAFLD is defined as an abnormal amount of lipid present in liver cells, which is not caused by alcohol intake and has recently been identified as a hepatic manifestation of metabolic syndrome (such as type 2 diabetes, obesity, hypertension, and obesity). Inflammation, oxidative stress, and lipid metabolic dysregulation are all known to play a role in FLD progression. Alternative and natural therapies are desperately needed to treat this disease since existing pharmaceuticals are mostly ineffective. The aldose reductase (AR)/polyol pathway has recently been shown to play a role in developing FLD by contributing to inflammation, oxidative stress, apoptosis, and fat accumulation. Herein, we review the effects of plantderived compounds capable of inhibiting AR in FLD models. Natural AR inhibitors have been found to improve FLD in part by suppressing inflammation, oxidative stress, and steatosis via the regulation of several critical pathways, including the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) pathway, cytochrome P450 2E1 (CYP2E1) pathway, AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) pathway, etc. This review revealed that natural compounds with AR inhibitory effects are a promising class of therapeutic agents for FLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tong Wang
- Department of Integrative Medicine, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Zi-Hui Xu
- Department of Integrative Medicine, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
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19
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Han J, Lee C, Hur J, Jung Y. Current Therapeutic Options and Potential of Mesenchymal Stem Cell Therapy for Alcoholic Liver Disease. Cells 2022; 12:cells12010022. [PMID: 36611816 PMCID: PMC9818513 DOI: 10.3390/cells12010022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 12/16/2022] [Accepted: 12/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Alcoholic liver disease (ALD) is a globally prevalent chronic liver disease caused by chronic or binge consumption of alcohol. The therapeutic efficiency of current therapies for ALD is limited, and there is no FDA-approved therapy for ALD at present. Various strategies targeting pathogenic events in the progression of ALD are being investigated in preclinical and clinical trials. Recently, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have emerged as a promising candidate for ALD treatment and have been tested in several clinical trials. MSC-released factors have captured attention, as they have the same therapeutic function as MSCs. Herein, we focus on current therapeutic options, recently proposed strategies, and their limitations in ALD treatment. Also, we review the therapeutic effects of MSCs and those of MSC-related secretory factors on ALD. Although accumulating evidence suggests the therapeutic potential of MSCs and related factors in ALD, the mechanisms underlying their actions in ALD have not been well studied. Further investigations of the detailed mechanisms underlying the therapeutic role of MSCs in ALD are required to expand MSC therapies to clinical applications. This review provides information on current or possible treatments for ALD and contributes to our understanding of the development of effective and safe treatments for ALD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinsol Han
- Department of Integrated Biological Science, College of Natural Science, Pusan National University, Pusan 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Chanbin Lee
- Department of Integrated Biological Science, College of Natural Science, Pusan National University, Pusan 46241, Republic of Korea
- Institute of Systems Biology, College of Natural Science, Pusan National University, Pusan 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Hur
- Department of Convergence Medicine, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Yangsan 50612, Republic of Korea
- PNU GRAND Convergence Medical Science Education Research Center, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Yangsan 50612, Republic of Korea
- Correspondence: (J.H.); (Y.J.); Tel.: +82-51-510-8074 (J.H.); +82-51-510-2262 (Y.J.)
| | - Youngmi Jung
- Department of Integrated Biological Science, College of Natural Science, Pusan National University, Pusan 46241, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Natural Science, Pusan National University, Pusan 46241, Republic of Korea
- Correspondence: (J.H.); (Y.J.); Tel.: +82-51-510-8074 (J.H.); +82-51-510-2262 (Y.J.)
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20
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Jung H, You S, Choi SI, Kang CH, Kim GH. Levilactobacillus brevis MG5311 Alleviates Ethanol-Induced Liver Injury by Suppressing Hepatic Oxidative Stress in C57BL/6 Mice. Microorganisms 2022; 10:microorganisms10122488. [PMID: 36557739 PMCID: PMC9781832 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms10122488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2022] [Revised: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Alcoholic liver disease (ALD), caused by excessive alcohol consumption, leads to high mortality. We investigated the hepatoprotective effect of Levilactobacillus brevis MG5311 in C57BL/6 mice with liver injuries induced by chronic ethanol plus binge feeding. L. brevis MG5311 was administered orally at a dose of 1 × 109 CFU/mouse once daily for 32 days. L. brevis MG5311 administration significantly reduced serum ALT, AST, and triglyceride (TG) levels in ethanol-fed mice. L. brevis MG5311 also decreased malondialdehyde levels and increased glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activity in liver tissues. In addition, hepatic TG content and histopathological scores were significantly reduced. L. brevis MG5311 increased the protein expression of SIRT1, PPARα, SOD1, CAT, and GPx 1/2 in liver tissue, while inhibiting CYP2E1 and SREBP-1c. These results indicated that L. brevis MG5311 alleviated ethanol-induced liver injury by inhibiting hepatic oxidative stress and promoting lipid metabolism. Therefore, L. brevis MG5311 may be a useful probiotic candidate for ameliorating or preventing ALD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyunna Jung
- Department of Bio-Health Convergence, Duksung Women’s University, Seoul 01369, Republic of Korea
| | - Sohyeon You
- Department of Bio-Health Convergence, Duksung Women’s University, Seoul 01369, Republic of Korea
| | - Soo-Im Choi
- Department of Bio-Health Convergence, Duksung Women’s University, Seoul 01369, Republic of Korea
- MEDIOGEN, Co., Ltd., Biovalley 1-ro, Jecheon-si 27159, Republic of Korea
- Correspondence: (S.-I.C.); (G.-H.K.); Tel.: +82-2-901-8662 (S.-I.C.); +82-2-901-8496 (G.-H.K.)
| | - Chang-Ho Kang
- MEDIOGEN, Co., Ltd., Biovalley 1-ro, Jecheon-si 27159, Republic of Korea
| | - Gun-Hee Kim
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Duksung Women’s University, Seoul 01369, Republic of Korea
- Correspondence: (S.-I.C.); (G.-H.K.); Tel.: +82-2-901-8662 (S.-I.C.); +82-2-901-8496 (G.-H.K.)
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21
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Pan Z, Guo J, Tang K, Chen Y, Gong X, Chen Y, Zhong Y, Xiao X, Duan S, Cui T, Wu X, Zhong Y, Yang X, Shen C, Gao Y. Ginsenoside Rc Modulates SIRT6-NRF2 Interaction to Alleviate Alcoholic Liver Disease. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2022; 70:14220-14234. [PMID: 36300841 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.2c06146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Alcoholic liver disease (ALD) is a serious worldwide health problem. Ginsenoside Rc is a major active ingredient isolated from Panax ginseng, whose pharmacological effects counteract oxidative stress, inflammation, and lipid accumulation. However, it is still unclear whether ginsenoside Rc might exert beneficial effects on alcohol-induced liver injury. To this aim, mice primary hepatocytes (MPHs) were challenged with alcohol to test ginsenoside Rc's effects on their intracellular alcohol metabolism. C57BL/6J mice or SIRT6alb-/- mice were chronically fed a diet with added alcohol or given a single gavage of alcohol with or without ginsenoside Rc. Analyses of alcohol metabolism, oxidative stress, inflammation, lipid metabolism, and RNaseq expression were conducted to explore potential targets exploited by ginsenoside Rc to protect against ALD. Our results showed that ginsenoside Rc attenuated alcohol-induced liver injury by regulating oxidative stress, inflammation, and lipid accumulation both in vivo and in vitro. Ginsenoside Rc did increase the deacetylase activity of SIRT6, thereby lowering acetylated NRF2 levels, which elevated NRF2's stability, and subsequently exerting an antioxidant effect. In keeping with this, the hepatic knockout of SIRT6 almost abolished the hepatoprotective effects of ginsenoside Rc against ALD. Therefore, our results suggest that ginsenoside Rc attenuated hepatocytes' damage and oxidative stress in ALD by up-regulating the SIRT6/NRF2 pathway. Hence, ginsenoside Rc may be a promising drug to treat or relieve ALD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhisen Pan
- The First Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510000, China
- Lingnan Medical Research Center of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510000, China
| | - Jingyi Guo
- Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510000, China
| | - Kaijia Tang
- Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510000, China
| | - Yanling Chen
- The First Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510000, China
| | - Xun Gong
- Guangdong Country Garden School, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510000, China
| | - Yingjian Chen
- Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510000, China
| | - Yadi Zhong
- Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510000, China
| | - Xiaoxia Xiao
- Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510000, China
| | - Siwei Duan
- Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510000, China
| | - Tianqi Cui
- Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510000, China
| | - Xiumei Wu
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510000, China
| | - Yanhua Zhong
- Department of Acupuncture-Rehabilitation, Guangzhou-Liwan Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510000, China
| | - Xiaoying Yang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Immunity and Metabolism, Department of Pathogen Biology and Immunology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221000, China
| | - Chuangpeng Shen
- The First Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510000, China
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510000, China
| | - Yong Gao
- Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510000, China
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22
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Liao C, Wu L, Zhong W, Zheng Q, Tan W, Feng K, Feng X, Meng F. Cellular Antioxidant Properties of Ischnoderma Resinosum Polysaccharide. Molecules 2022; 27:7717. [PMID: 36431811 PMCID: PMC9695030 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27227717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Revised: 11/02/2022] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
A predominant polysaccharide isolated from Ischnoderma resinosum underwent evaluation for its capacity to scavenge free radicals and its potential antioxidant properties at a cellular-oriented level. This proved that Ischnoderma resinosum polysaccharide (IRP) remarkably curtailed AAPH-induced erythrocyte hemolysis through the inhibition of the generation of ROS (p < 0.05). Rather, it caused the restoration of intracellular antioxidant enzyme (SOD, GSH-Px, and CAT) activities at an acceptable pace and the silencing of intracellular MDA formation, as well as the rescaling of LDH leakage. Furthermore, a model of oxidative stress in HepG2 cells was established by adopting 400 μM of hydrogen peroxide, which suggested that IRP manifests promising antioxidant activity. Notably, after the intervention of IRP in the H2O2-induced HepG2 cells, there was a statistical elevation in cell survivability (p < 0.05). IRP diminished the morphological alterations in the nucleus and decreased the secretion of ROS (p < 0.05), with a dose-dependent abrogation of apoptosis (p < 0.05). Consequently, IRP, which was isolated and purified, was able to scavenge free radicals and possessed favorable antioxidant activity that could dampen the occurrence of oxidative stimulation and effectively alleviate the AAPH-induced erythrocyte hemolysis and H2O2-induced oxidative damage in HepG2 cells. This provides a basis and theoretical reference for the development and utilization of IRP as a natural antioxidant, with emphasis on the exploitation of environmentally friendly and cost-effective antioxidants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caiyu Liao
- College of Pharmacy and Food Science, Zhuhai College of Science and Technology, Zhuhai 519041, China
- College of Life Science, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Liyan Wu
- College of Pharmacy and Food Science, Zhuhai College of Science and Technology, Zhuhai 519041, China
| | - Wenting Zhong
- College of Pharmacy and Food Science, Zhuhai College of Science and Technology, Zhuhai 519041, China
- College of Life Science, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Qinhua Zheng
- College of Pharmacy and Food Science, Zhuhai College of Science and Technology, Zhuhai 519041, China
- College of Life Science, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Weijian Tan
- College of Pharmacy and Food Science, Zhuhai College of Science and Technology, Zhuhai 519041, China
- College of Life Science, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Kexin Feng
- College of Pharmacy and Food Science, Zhuhai College of Science and Technology, Zhuhai 519041, China
- College of Life Science, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Xiaolin Feng
- College of Pharmacy and Food Science, Zhuhai College of Science and Technology, Zhuhai 519041, China
- College of Life Science, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Fanxin Meng
- College of Pharmacy and Food Science, Zhuhai College of Science and Technology, Zhuhai 519041, China
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23
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Ethanol Metabolism in the Liver, the Induction of Oxidant Stress, and the Antioxidant Defense System. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11071258. [PMID: 35883749 PMCID: PMC9312216 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11071258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2022] [Revised: 06/18/2022] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The liver metabolizes ethanol through three enzymatic pathways: alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH), cytochrome p450 (also called MEOS), and catalase. Alcohol dehydrogenase class I (ADH1) is considered the most important enzyme for the metabolism of ethanol, MEOS and catalase (CAT) are considered minor alternative pathways. However, contradicting experiments suggest that the non-ADH1 pathway may have a greater relevance for the metabolism of ethanol than previously thought. In some conditions, ethanol is predominately metabolized to acetaldehyde via cytochrome P450 family 2 (CYP2E1), which is involved in the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), mainly through electron leakage to oxygen to form the superoxide (O2•−) radical or in catalyzed lipid peroxidation. The CAT activity can also participate in the ethanol metabolism that produces ROS via ethanol directly reacting with the CAT-H2O2 complex, producing acetaldehyde and water and depending on the H2O2 availability, which is the rate-limiting component in ethanol peroxidation. We have shown that CAT actively participates in lactate-stimulated liver ethanol oxidation, where the addition of lactate generates H2O2, which is used by CAT to oxidize ethanol to acetaldehyde. Therefore, besides its known role as a catalytic antioxidant component, the primary role of CAT could be to function in the metabolism of xenobiotics in the liver.
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24
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Liu M, Liu M, Yang S, Shen C, Wang X, Liu W, Guo Y. Fermented milk of cheese-derived Lactobacillus bulgaricus displays potentials in alleviating alcohol-induced hepatic injury and gut dysbiosis in mice. Food Res Int 2022; 157:111283. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2022.111283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2022] [Revised: 04/17/2022] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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25
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Antioxidant, hypolipidemic and hypoglycemic effect of red wine in wistar rats fed with obesogenic diet. FOOD BIOSCI 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbio.2022.101671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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26
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de Brito WA, Ferreira MRA, de Sousa Dantas D, Soares LAL. Biological activities of Eugenia uniflora L. (pitangueira) extracts in oxidative stress-induced pathologies: A systematic review and meta‐analysis of animal studies. PHARMANUTRITION 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.phanu.2022.100290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/09/2022]
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27
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Nie W, Du YY, Xu FR, Zhou K, Wang ZM, Al-Dalali S, Wang Y, Li XM, Ma YH, Xie Y, Zhou H, Xu BC. Oligopeptides from Jinhua ham prevent alcohol-induced liver damage by regulating intestinal homeostasis and oxidative stress in mice. Food Funct 2021; 12:10053-10070. [PMID: 34515716 DOI: 10.1039/d1fo01693h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The current study aimed to evaluate the protective activity of peptides isolated from Jinhua ham (JHP) against alcoholic liver disease (ALD) and the mechanisms by which JHP prevents against ALD. The tangential flow filtration (TFF) combined with size exclusion chromatography (SEC) and reversed-phase high performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) were used to isolate the JHP. Then the hepatoprotective activity of peptides was evaluated through experiments in mice. The primary structure of the peptide with the strongest liver protective activity was Lys-Arg-Gln-Lys-Tyr-Asp (KRQKYD) and the peptide was derived from the myosin of Jinhua ham, which were both identified by LC-MS/MS. Furthermore, the mechanism of KRQKYD prevention against ALD was attributed to the fact that KRQKYD increases the abundance of Akkermansia muciniphila in the gut and decreases the abundance of Proteobacteria (especially Escherichia_Shigella). The LPS-mediated liver inflammatory cascade was reduced by protecting the intestinal barrier, increasing the tight connection of intestinal epithelial cells and reducing the level of LPS in the portal venous circulation. KRQKYD could inhibit the production of ROS by upregulating the expression of the NRF2/HO-1 antioxidant defense system and by reducing oxidative stress injury in liver cells. This study can provide a theoretical foundation for the application of JHP in the protection of liver from ALD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Nie
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230601, China. .,Engineering Research Center of Bioprocess, Ministry of Education, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230601, China
| | - Ye-Ye Du
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, P.R. China
| | - Fei-Ran Xu
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230601, China. .,Engineering Research Center of Bioprocess, Ministry of Education, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230601, China
| | - Kai Zhou
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230601, China. .,Engineering Research Center of Bioprocess, Ministry of Education, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230601, China.,Anhui QiangWang Flavouring Food Co., Ltd, Fuyang 236500, Anhui, P. R. China
| | - Zhao-Ming Wang
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230601, China. .,Engineering Research Center of Bioprocess, Ministry of Education, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230601, China
| | - Sam Al-Dalali
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230601, China. .,Engineering Research Center of Bioprocess, Ministry of Education, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230601, China
| | - Ying Wang
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230601, China. .,Engineering Research Center of Bioprocess, Ministry of Education, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230601, China
| | - Xiao-Min Li
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230601, China. .,Engineering Research Center of Bioprocess, Ministry of Education, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230601, China
| | - Yun-Hao Ma
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230601, China. .,Engineering Research Center of Bioprocess, Ministry of Education, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230601, China
| | - Yong Xie
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230601, China. .,Engineering Research Center of Bioprocess, Ministry of Education, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230601, China
| | - Hui Zhou
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230601, China. .,Engineering Research Center of Bioprocess, Ministry of Education, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230601, China
| | - Bao-Cai Xu
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230601, China. .,Engineering Research Center of Bioprocess, Ministry of Education, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230601, China
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28
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Yue R, Chen GY, Xie G, Hao L, Guo W, Sun X, Jia W, Zhang Q, Zhou Z, Zhong W. Activation of PPARα-catalase pathway reverses alcoholic liver injury via upregulating NAD synthesis and accelerating alcohol clearance. Free Radic Biol Med 2021; 174:249-263. [PMID: 34390780 PMCID: PMC8437058 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2021.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2021] [Revised: 08/02/2021] [Accepted: 08/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Alcohol metabolism in the liver simultaneously generates toxic metabolites and disrupts redox balance, but the regulatory mechanisms have not been fully elucidated. The study aimed to characterize the role of PPARα in alcohol detoxification. Hepatic PPARα and catalase levels were examined in patients with severe alcoholic hepatitis. Mouse studies were conducted to determine the effect of PPARα reactivation by Wy14,643 on alcoholic hepatotoxicity and how catalase is involved in mediating such effects. Cell culture study was conducted to determine the effect of hydrogen peroxide on cellular NAD levels. We found that the protein levels of PPARα and catalase were significantly reduced in the livers of patients with severe alcoholic hepatitis. PPARα reactivation by Wy14,643 effectively reversed alcohol-induced liver damage in mice. Global and targeted metabolites analysis revealed a fundamental role of PPARα in regulating the tryptophan-NAD pathway. Notably, PPARα activation completely switched alcohol metabolism from the CYP2E1 pathway to the catalase pathway along with accelerated alcohol clearance. Catalase knockout mice were incompetent in alcohol metabolism and hydrogen peroxide clearance and were more susceptible to alcohol-induced liver injury. Hydrogen peroxide-treated hepatocytes had a reduced size of cellular NAD pool. These data demonstrate a key role of PPARα in regulating hepatic alcohol detoxification. Catalase-mediated hydrogen peroxide removal represents an underlying mechanism of how PPARα preserves the NAD pool. The study provides a new angle of view about the PPARα-catalase pathway in combating alcohol toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruichao Yue
- Center for Translational Biomedical Research, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, North Carolina Research Campus, Kannapolis, NC, 28081, USA
| | - Guan-Yuan Chen
- Center for Translational Biomedical Research, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, North Carolina Research Campus, Kannapolis, NC, 28081, USA
| | - Guoxiang Xie
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Diabetes, Mellitus and Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, 200233, China
| | - Liuyi Hao
- Center for Translational Biomedical Research, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, North Carolina Research Campus, Kannapolis, NC, 28081, USA
| | - Wei Guo
- Center for Translational Biomedical Research, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, North Carolina Research Campus, Kannapolis, NC, 28081, USA
| | - Xinguo Sun
- Center for Translational Biomedical Research, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, North Carolina Research Campus, Kannapolis, NC, 28081, USA
| | - Wei Jia
- Hong Kong Traditional Chinese Medicine Phenome Research Centre, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | - Qibin Zhang
- Center for Translational Biomedical Research, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, North Carolina Research Campus, Kannapolis, NC, 28081, USA; Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, North Carolina Research Campus, Kannapolis, NC, 28081, USA
| | - Zhanxiang Zhou
- Center for Translational Biomedical Research, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, North Carolina Research Campus, Kannapolis, NC, 28081, USA; Department of Nutrition, and University of North Carolina at Greensboro, North Carolina Research Campus, Kannapolis, NC, 28081, USA
| | - Wei Zhong
- Center for Translational Biomedical Research, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, North Carolina Research Campus, Kannapolis, NC, 28081, USA; Department of Nutrition, and University of North Carolina at Greensboro, North Carolina Research Campus, Kannapolis, NC, 28081, USA.
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29
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Rather MA, Khan A, Alshahrani S, Rashid H, Qadri M, Rashid S, Alsaffar RM, Kamal MA, Rehman MU. Inflammation and Alzheimer's Disease: Mechanisms and Therapeutic Implications by Natural Products. Mediators Inflamm 2021; 2021:9982954. [PMID: 34381308 PMCID: PMC8352708 DOI: 10.1155/2021/9982954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2021] [Revised: 05/24/2021] [Accepted: 07/10/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disorder with no clear causative event making the disease difficult to diagnose and treat. The pathological hallmarks of AD include amyloid plaques, neurofibrillary tangles, and widespread neuronal loss. Amyloid-beta has been extensively studied and targeted to develop an effective disease-modifying therapy, but the success rate in clinical practice is minimal. Recently, neuroinflammation has been focused on as the event in AD progression to be targeted for therapies. Various mechanistic pathways including cytokines and chemokines, complement system, oxidative stress, and cyclooxygenase pathways are linked to neuroinflammation in the AD brain. Many cells including microglia, astrocytes, and oligodendrocytes work together to protect the brain from injury. This review is focused to better understand the AD inflammatory and immunoregulatory processes to develop novel anti-inflammatory drugs to slow down the progression of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mashoque Ahmad Rather
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Annamalai University, Annamalai Nagar, Tamil Nadu 608002, India
| | - Andleeb Khan
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Jazan University, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saeed Alshahrani
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Jazan University, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hina Rashid
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Jazan University, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia
| | - Marwa Qadri
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Jazan University, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia
| | - Summya Rashid
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, College of Pharmacy Girls Section, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 173, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rana M. Alsaffar
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, College of Pharmacy Girls Section, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 173, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad Amjad Kamal
- King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, P. O. Box 80216, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
- West China School of Nursing/Institutes for Systems Genetics, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China
- Enzymoics, 7 Peterlee Place, Hebersham, NSW 2770; Novel Global Community Educational Foundation, Australia
| | - Muneeb U. Rehman
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
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30
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Dossi CG, Vargas RG, Valenzuela R, Videla LA. Beneficial effects of natural compounds on experimental liver ischemia-reperfusion injury. Food Funct 2021; 12:3787-3798. [PMID: 33977997 DOI: 10.1039/d1fo00289a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Liver ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) is a phenomenon inherent to hepatic surgery that severely compromises the organ functionality, whose underlying mechanisms involve cellular and molecular interrelated processes leading to the development of an excessive inflammatory response. Liver resident cells and those recruited in response to injury generate pro-inflammatory signals such as reactive oxygen species, cytokines, chemokines, proteases and lipid mediators that contribute to hepatocellular necrosis and apoptosis. Besides, dying hepatocytes release damage-associated molecular patterns that actívate inflammasomes to further stimulate inflammatory responses leading to massive cell death. Since liver IRI is a complication of hepatic surgery in man, extensive preclinical studies have assessed potential protective strategies, including the supplementation with natural compounds, with the objective to downregulate nuclear factor-κB functioning, the main effector of inflammatory responses. This can be accomplished by either the activation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-α, G protein-coupled receptor 120 or antioxidant signaling pathways, the synthesis of specific pro-resolving mediators, downregulation of Toll-like receptor 4 activity or additional contributory mechanisms that are beginning to be understood. The latter aspect is a crucial issue to be accomplished in preclinical studies, in order to establish adequate conditions for the supplementation with natural products before major liver surgeries in man involving warm IR, such as hepatic trauma or resection of large intrahepatic tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camila G Dossi
- Escuela de Medicina Veterinaria, Facultad Ciencias de La Vida, Universidad Andres Bello, Viña del Mar, Chile.
| | - Romina G Vargas
- Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology Program, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Rodrigo Valenzuela
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, Uiversity of Chile, Santiago, Chile and Nutritional Sciences Department, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M2J4A6, Canada
| | - Luis A Videla
- Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology Program, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
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31
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Perfilova VN, Kustova MV, Popova TA, Khusainova GH, Prokofiev II, Nesterova KI, Tyurenkov IN. Cardioprotective effects of a new glutamic acid derivative in chronic alcohol intoxication. Alcohol 2021; 93:1-10. [PMID: 33737055 DOI: 10.1016/j.alcohol.2021.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2020] [Revised: 12/12/2020] [Accepted: 01/27/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Alcohol abuse is a risk factor for heart damage and deterioration of its inotropic function. Currently, there is no pathogenetic pharmacological treatment for alcohol-induced myocardial injury. Therefore, the study of drugs with cardioprotective action is of current interest. Our earlier studies of stress-induced heart damage showed that a new derivative of glutamic acid - glufimet - protects the myocardium's inotropic function and limits lipid peroxidation. Additionally, we found that it increases the activity of antioxidant enzymes and improves mitochondrial respiration. The purpose of our study was to assess the effect of glufimet on the heart after chronic alcohol intoxication (CAI). The comparison drug was mildronate, which possesses cardioprotective properties and is used to treat alcohol withdrawal. We conducted our study using female Wistar rats (10 months old, 280-320 g). CAI was simulated by replacing drinking water with a 10% ethanol solution sweetened with sucrose (50 g/L) over a period of 24 weeks. The day after the animals stopped ethanol solution drinking, the control group was injected intraperitoneally (i.p.) with a saline solution once a day for 14 days, while the experimental groups received glufimet (28.7 mg/kg) and the drug of comparison mildronate (50 mg/kg), respectively. After that, we studied the heart contractility by measuring volume load, adrenergic reactivity, and maximum isometric load. Under CAI, the control group showed significantly lower growth in left ventricular pressure (LVP), myocardium contraction rate, and relaxation rate during functional tests. Higher concentrations of LPO products (malondialdehyde) and low activity of antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase), indicating a disturbance in mitochondrial respiration compared to the control group, were registered. While being treated with glufimet and mildronate, the animals demonstrated higher growth rates of myocardial contraction, myocardial relaxation, and LVP, compared to the control group. Mitochondrial functioning and activity of the antioxidant enzymes increased in the same group as well.
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Ameliorative effect of enhanced Fischer ratio flaxseed protein hydrolysate in combination with antioxidant micronutrients on ethanol-induced hepatic damage in a rat model. Br J Nutr 2021; 127:696-710. [PMID: 33814015 DOI: 10.1017/s000711452100115x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Alcohol abuse causes severe metabolic abnormalities inducing hepatic damage and malnutrition. Since higher Fischer ratio proteins have therapeutic value in liver diseases, an investigation was undertaken to study the ameliorative effect of the enhanced Fischer ratio flaxseed protein hydrolysate (EFR-FPH) alone and in combination with antioxidant micronutrients on ethanol-induced hepatotoxicity in a rat model. The EFR-FPH was prepared by dual enzymatic hydrolysis and charcoal treatment of flaxseed protein. The ratio of the branched-chain:aromatic amino acids (Fischer ratio) was found to be 7·08. The EFR-FPH, characterised using LC-MS/MS, showed the abundance of free leucine and isoleucine compared with phenylalanine and tyrosine. The matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionisation-time of flight MS analysis revealed the larger peptides present in EFR-FPH with mass 2·3 kDa. The EFR-FPH improved the nutritional status, liver function and antioxidant defense in the ethanol hepatotoxicity-induced rat model. The hepatoprotective effect of EFR-FPH was significantly enhanced when combined with selenium or vitamin E. Ethanol-induced changes in the liver tissue were effectively suppressed in the groups receiving EFR-FPH. Flaxseed-based hepatoprotective dietary supplement was formulated incorporating an optimum level of EFR-FPH (10 %) based on sensory acceptability and was fortified with selenium and vitamin E. The hepatoprotective formulation significantly lowered aspartate transaminase, alanine transaminase, alkaline phosphatase and bilirubin by 47, 61, 55 and 78 %, respectively, and improved the antioxidant defense in the ethanol hepatotoxicity-induced rat model. The current investigation suggests that EFR-FPH in synergy with antioxidant micronutrients is potent in ameliorating ethanol-induced hepatotoxicity and has a potential to form a hepatoprotective dietary supplement.
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Vairetti M, Di Pasqua LG, Cagna M, Richelmi P, Ferrigno A, Berardo C. Changes in Glutathione Content in Liver Diseases: An Update. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:364. [PMID: 33670839 PMCID: PMC7997318 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10030364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2021] [Revised: 02/22/2021] [Accepted: 02/24/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Glutathione (GSH), a tripeptide particularly concentrated in the liver, is the most important thiol reducing agent involved in the modulation of redox processes. It has also been demonstrated that GSH cannot be considered only as a mere free radical scavenger but that it takes part in the network governing the choice between survival, necrosis and apoptosis as well as in altering the function of signal transduction and transcription factor molecules. The purpose of the present review is to provide an overview on the molecular biology of the GSH system; therefore, GSH synthesis, metabolism and regulation will be reviewed. The multiple GSH functions will be described, as well as the importance of GSH compartmentalization into distinct subcellular pools and inter-organ transfer. Furthermore, we will highlight the close relationship existing between GSH content and the pathogenesis of liver disease, such as non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), alcoholic liver disease (ALD), chronic cholestatic injury, ischemia/reperfusion damage, hepatitis C virus (HCV), hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatocellular carcinoma. Finally, the potential therapeutic benefits of GSH and GSH-related medications, will be described for each liver disorder taken into account.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Laura Giuseppina Di Pasqua
- Unit of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology and Toxicology, Department of Internal Medicine and Therapeutics, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (M.V.); (M.C.); (P.R.); (C.B.)
| | | | | | - Andrea Ferrigno
- Unit of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology and Toxicology, Department of Internal Medicine and Therapeutics, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (M.V.); (M.C.); (P.R.); (C.B.)
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Liang HW, Yang TY, Teng CS, Lee YJ, Yu MH, Lee HJ, Hsu LS, Wang CJ. Mulberry leaves extract ameliorates alcohol-induced liver damages through reduction of acetaldehyde toxicity and inhibition of apoptosis caused by oxidative stress signals. Int J Med Sci 2021; 18:53-64. [PMID: 33390773 PMCID: PMC7738976 DOI: 10.7150/ijms.50174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2020] [Accepted: 10/13/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Mulberry leaves (Morus alba L.), which are traditional Chinese herbs, exert several biological functions, such as antioxidant, anti-inflammation, antidiabetic, and antitumor. Alcohol intake increases inflammation and oxidative stress, and this increase causes liver injury and leads to liver steatosis, cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma, which are major health problems worldwide. Previous report indicated that mulberry leaf extract (MLE) exited hepatoprotection effects against chronic alcohol-induced liver damages. In this present study, we investigated the effects of MLE on acute alcohol and liver injury induced by its metabolized compound called acetaldehyde (ACE) by using in vivo and in vitro models. Administration of MLE reversed acute alcohol-induced liver damages, increased acetaldehyde (ACE) level, and decreased aldehyde dehydrogenase activity in a dose-dependent manner. Acute alcohol exposure-induced leukocyte infiltration and pro-inflammation factors, including cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and interleukin-6 (IL-6), were blocked by MLE in proportion to MLE concentration. MLE prevented alcohol-induced liver apoptosis via enhanced caveolin-1 expression and attenuated EGFR/STAT3/iNOS pathway using immunohistochemical analysis. ACE induced proteins, such as iNOS, COX-2, TNF-α, and IL-6, and inhibited superoxide dismutase expression, whereas co-treated with MLE reversed these proteins expression. MLE also recovered alcohol-induced apoptosis in cultured Hep G2 cells. Overall, our findings indicated that MLE ameliorated acute alcohol-induced liver damages by reducing ACE toxicity and inhibiting apoptosis caused by oxidative stress signals. Our results implied that MLE might be a potential agent for treating alcohol liver disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsin-Wen Liang
- Institute of Biochemistry, Microbiology, and Immunology, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, 402, Taiwan
| | - Tsung-Yuan Yang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chung-Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung 402, Taiwan.,School of Medicine, Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 402, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Sheng Teng
- Institute of Biochemistry, Microbiology, and Immunology, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, 402, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Ju Lee
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung City 402, Taiwan.,Department of Pathology, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung City 402, Taiwan
| | - Meng-Hsun Yu
- Institute of Biochemistry, Microbiology, and Immunology, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, 402, Taiwan
| | - Huei-Jane Lee
- Institute of Biochemistry, Microbiology, and Immunology, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, 402, Taiwan.,Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Medical College, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, 402, Taiwan
| | - Li-Sung Hsu
- Institute of Biochemistry, Microbiology, and Immunology, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, 402, Taiwan.,School of Medicine, Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 402, Taiwan.,Clinical Laboratory, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, 402, Taiwan
| | - Chau-Jong Wang
- Department of Health Diet and Industry Management, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 402, Taiwan.,Department of Medical Research, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, 402, Taiwan
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Nie W, Zhou K, Wang Y, Wang ZM, Xie Y, Zhou H, Xu BC. Isolation and identification of bioactive peptides from Xuanwei ham that rescue oxidative stress damage induced by alcohol in HHL-5 hepatocytes. Food Funct 2020; 11:9710-9720. [PMID: 33057513 DOI: 10.1039/d0fo02329a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Peptides extracted from Xuanwei ham (XHP) can prevent free radical-induced diseases. The aim of the present study was to isolate and identify bioactive peptides from Xuanwei hams that rescue the oxidative stress damage induced by alcohol in HHL-5 hepatocytes. Alcohol-treated HHL-5 human hepatocytes were utilized as the alcohol-induced hepatocyte damage model to evaluate the effects of XHP on amounts of aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and malondialdehyde (MDA). The result showed that XHP could significantly reduce ALT, AST and MDA, the major biomarkers of liver damage. The crude XHP was separated by size exclusion chromatography, followed by the evaluation of respective activities. Then, the most active components were further separated by RP-HPLC, and their activities were evaluated according to the above method. The peptide was identified as a hexapeptide with the sequence of Asn-Pro-Pro-Lys-Phe-Asp (NPPKFD) through LC-MS/MS. Further, the molecular mechanisms by which NPPKFD prevents alcohol-induced oxidative stress damage were revealed. Results showed that the hexapeptide could downregulate CYP2E1 expression, reduce generation of ROS and enhance oxidant defense systems via the activation of NrF2/HO-1 pathway. The findings suggest that Xuanwei ham can be used as a new source of bioactive peptides for protection from alcohol-induced liver damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Nie
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230601, China.
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Wang G, Fu Y, Li J, Li Y, Zhao Q, Hu A, Xu C, Shao D, Chen W. Aqueous extract of Polygonatum sibiricum ameliorates ethanol-induced mice liver injury via regulation of the Nrf2/ARE pathway. J Food Biochem 2020; 45:e13537. [PMID: 33107045 DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.13537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2020] [Revised: 09/10/2020] [Accepted: 10/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
This study investigates the hepatoprotective effect of the aqueous extract of Polygonatum sibiricum (AEPS) against ethanol-induced oxidative stress and explores underlying mechanisms. AEPS was administered by gavage to ICR mice for 30 days. The experimental mice were fed a 5% (v/v) ethanol on last 10 days and followed by a single megadose of ethanol (5 g/kg) to induce ethanol-induced liver injury. Pretreatment with AEPS significantly suppressed the ethanol-induced elevation of aminotransferase activities, total bilirubin (TBIL) level, triglyceride level, and alleviated liver histopathological lesions. Meanwhile, AEPS reduced the level of oxidative stress in the liver and significantly suppressed the mRNA levels of NOX1, p67phox, gp91phox, and CYP2E1. Additionally, AEPS significantly increased the mRNA and protein levels of Nrf2 and its downstream antioxidant genes and promoted the nuclear translocation of Nrf2 in mice liver. Therefore, AEPS can effectively reduce ethanol-induced liver injury via regulation of the Nrf2/ARE pathway. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: Alcohol abuse and alcoholism have become a serious public health problem worldwide. Since liver is the major organ of alcohol metabolism, the most impactful damage of alcohol occurs in the liver. Polygonatum sibiricum is a traditional Chinese galenical and it also can be used as food ingredients. Most studies have reported that polysaccharide, flavonoids and saponins are the main bioactive compounds in Polygonatum sibiricum which play important roles in anti-oxidation. AEPS is the aqueous extract of Polygonatum sibiricum and AEPS can protect the mice liver against ethanol-induced oxidative damage. Thus it can be potential antioxidants to product hepatoprotective food and the study also provides a theoretical basis for the development and application of food about Polygonatum sibiricum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangjun Wang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Youwei Fu
- Department of Health Education, Anhui Suzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Suzhou Anhui, China
| | - Jiujiu Li
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Yanni Li
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Qihong Zhao
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Anla Hu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Chuande Xu
- Anhui Jingtian Food Co., Ltd., Chizhou, China
| | | | - Wenjun Chen
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
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37
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Eom T, Ko G, Kim KC, Kim JS, Unno T. Dendropanax morbifera Leaf Extracts Improved Alcohol Liver Injury in Association with Changes in the Gut Microbiota of Rats. Antioxidants (Basel) 2020; 9:antiox9100911. [PMID: 32987739 PMCID: PMC7598590 DOI: 10.3390/antiox9100911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2020] [Revised: 09/22/2020] [Accepted: 09/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
This study evaluated the protective effects of Dendropanax morbifera leaf (DML) extracts in the liver due to excessive ethanol consumption. Our results showed that the ethanol extract had better antioxidant activity than the water extract, likely due to the higher levels of total flavonoid and phenolic compounds in the former. We found that the main phenolic acid was chlorogenic acid and the major flavonoid was rutin. Results from the animal model experiment showed concentration-dependent liver protection with the distilled water extract showing better liver protection than the ethanol extract. Gut microbiota dysbiosis induced by alcohol consumption was significantly shifted by DML extracts through increasing mainly Bacteroides and Allobaculum. Moreover, predicted metabolic activities of biosynthesis of beneficial monounsaturated fatty acids such as oleate and palmitoleate were enhanced. Our results suggest that these hepatoprotective effects are likely due to the increased activities of antioxidant enzymes and partially promoted by intestinal microbiota shifts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taekil Eom
- Subtropical/Tropical Organism Gene Bank, SARI, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Korea;
| | - Gwangpyo Ko
- Faculty of Biotechnology, College of Agriculture & Life Sciences, SARI, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Korea;
| | - Kyeoung Cheol Kim
- Majors in Plant Resource and Environment, College of Agriculture & Life Sciences, SARI, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Korea; (K.C.K.); (J.-S.K.)
| | - Ju-Sung Kim
- Majors in Plant Resource and Environment, College of Agriculture & Life Sciences, SARI, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Korea; (K.C.K.); (J.-S.K.)
| | - Tatsuya Unno
- Subtropical/Tropical Organism Gene Bank, SARI, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Korea;
- Faculty of Biotechnology, College of Agriculture & Life Sciences, SARI, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Korea;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-64-754-3354; Fax: +82-64-756-3351
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Eom T, Kim KC, Kim JS. Dendropanax morbifera Leaf Polyphenolic Compounds: Optimal Extraction Using the Response Surface Method and Their Protective Effects against Alcohol-Induced Liver Damage. Antioxidants (Basel) 2020; 9:antiox9020120. [PMID: 32024135 PMCID: PMC7070848 DOI: 10.3390/antiox9020120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2019] [Revised: 01/25/2020] [Accepted: 01/27/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The response surface methodology was used to optimally extract the antioxidant substances from Dendropanax morbifera leaves. The central composite design was used to optimally analyze the effects of ethanol concentration, sample to solvent ratio, extraction temperature, and extraction time on the total flavonoids (TF) content, ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), and Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity (TEAC). All three parameters were largely influenced by the ethanol concentration and extraction temperature, while TEAC was also influenced by the sample to solvent ratio. The maximum values of TF content, FRAP, and TEAC were achieved under the following extraction conditions: 70% ethanol, 1:10 sample to solvent ratio, 80 °C, and 14 h. The D. morbifera leaf extracts (DMLE) produced under these optimum extraction conditions were investigated to determine their preventive effects on alcohol-induced liver injury. The DMLE was shown to prevent liver injury by scavenging the reactive oxygen species generated by alcohol. In addition, composition analysis of DMLE found high contents of chlorogenic acid and rutin that were determined to inhibit alcoholic liver injury. The findings of this study suggest that DMLE could prove useful as a functional food product supplement to prevent liver injury caused by excessive alcohol consumption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taekil Eom
- Subtropical/Tropical Organism Gene Bank, SARI, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Korea
| | - Kyeoung Cheol Kim
- Majors in Plant Resource and Environment, College of Agriculture & Life Sciences, SARI, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Korea
| | - Ju-Sung Kim
- Majors in Plant Resource and Environment, College of Agriculture & Life Sciences, SARI, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Korea
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39
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Aldose Reductase Inhibitors of Plant Origin in the Prevention and Treatment of Alcoholic Liver Disease: A Minireview. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 2019:3808594. [PMID: 31321234 PMCID: PMC6610749 DOI: 10.1155/2019/3808594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2019] [Accepted: 05/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Alcoholic liver disease (ALD) is caused by heavy alcohol consumption over a long period. Acetaldehyde-mediated toxicity, oxidative stress, and imbalance of lipid metabolism are generally considered involved in the initiation of ALD. There is an increasing requirement for alternative and natural medicine to treat ALD. Recently, aldose reductase (AR) has been reported to be involved in the development of ALD by affecting inflammatory cytokines, oxidative stress, and lipid metabolism. Here, we review the effect of plant-derived AR inhibitors on ALD in rodents. And we conclude that AR inhibitors of plant origin may enhance antioxidant capacity, inhibit lipid peroxidation and inflammatory cytokines expression, and activate AMP-activated protein kinase thereby subsequently suppressing alcohol-induced lipid synthesis in liver to achieve ALD protection. This review reveals that natural AR inhibitor may be potential therapeutic agent for ALD.
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Kong LZ, Chandimali N, Han YH, Lee DH, Kim JS, Kim SU, Kim TD, Jeong DK, Sun HN, Lee DS, Kwon T. Pathogenesis, Early Diagnosis, and Therapeutic Management of Alcoholic Liver Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20112712. [PMID: 31159489 PMCID: PMC6600448 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20112712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2019] [Revised: 05/30/2019] [Accepted: 05/31/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Alcoholic liver disease (ALD) refers to the damages to the liver and its functions due to alcohol overconsumption. It consists of fatty liver/steatosis, alcoholic hepatitis, steatohepatitis, chronic hepatitis with liver fibrosis or cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma. However, the mechanisms behind the pathogenesis of alcoholic liver disease are extremely complicated due to the involvement of immune cells, adipose tissues, and genetic diversity. Clinically, the diagnosis of ALD is not yet well developed. Therefore, the number of patients in advanced stages has increased due to the failure of proper early detection and treatment. At present, abstinence and nutritional therapy remain the conventional therapeutic interventions for ALD. Moreover, the therapies which target the TNF receptor superfamily, hormones, antioxidant signals, and MicroRNAs are used as treatments for ALD. In particular, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are gaining attention as a potential therapeutic target of ALD. Therefore, in this review, we have summarized the current understandings of the pathogenesis and diagnosis of ALD. Moreover, we also discuss the various existing treatment strategies while focusing on promising therapeutic approaches for ALD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling-Zu Kong
- Laboratory of Animal Genetic Engineering and Stem Cell Biology, Advanced Convergence Technology and Science, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Korea.
- Immunotherapy Convergence Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon 34141, Korea.
| | - Nisansala Chandimali
- Laboratory of Animal Genetic Engineering and Stem Cell Biology, Advanced Convergence Technology and Science, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Korea.
- Immunotherapy Convergence Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon 34141, Korea.
| | - Ying-Hao Han
- Department of Disease Model Animal Research Center, College of Life Science and Technology, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing 163319, China.
| | - Dong-Ho Lee
- Primate Resources Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Jeongeup-si, Jeonbuk 56216, Korea.
| | - Ji-Su Kim
- Primate Resources Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Jeongeup-si, Jeonbuk 56216, Korea.
| | - Sun-Uk Kim
- Futuristic Animal Resource & Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Cheongju-si, Chungcheongbuk-do 28116, Korea.
| | - Tae-Don Kim
- Immunotherapy Convergence Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon 34141, Korea.
| | - Dong Kee Jeong
- Laboratory of Animal Genetic Engineering and Stem Cell Biology, Advanced Convergence Technology and Science, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Korea.
- Subtropical/Tropical Organism Gene Bank, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Korea.
| | - Hu-Nan Sun
- Department of Disease Model Animal Research Center, College of Life Science and Technology, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing 163319, China.
- Subtropical/Tropical Organism Gene Bank, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Korea.
| | - Dong Sun Lee
- Subtropical/Tropical Organism Gene Bank, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Korea.
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Applied Life Science, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Korea.
| | - Taeho Kwon
- Primate Resources Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Jeongeup-si, Jeonbuk 56216, Korea.
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Brandão-Bezerra L, de Carvalho Martins JSC, de Oliveira RMF, Lopes-Torres EJ, Neves RH, Corrêa CL, Machado-Silva JR. Long-term ethanol intake causes morphological changes in Schistosoma mansoni adult worms in mice. Exp Parasitol 2019; 203:30-35. [PMID: 31150655 DOI: 10.1016/j.exppara.2019.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2018] [Revised: 05/03/2019] [Accepted: 05/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Schistosoma mansoni adult worms are extensively challenged by reactive oxygen species from intrinsic sources. However, the effects of extrinsic sources such as ethanol have not been looked at in schistosomes. We examined adult worms recovered from ethanol-consuming mice by light (LM), confocal (CM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) to address this question. Schistosomiasis-infected mice were orally gavaged with 18% (v/v) ethanol from 35 to 63 days post-infection, when they were euthanized. CM examination revealed reduced germ cells density (-36%, p = 0.0001) and sperm density (-58%, p = 0.0001) in testicular lobes, and immature cells in seminal vesicle compared to unexposed control worms. Female worms showed reduced density of vitellin glands (-71%, p = 0.0001), maturation of oocytes (-7%, p = 0.0071) and reduced spermatozoa density (-23%, p = 0.0002) within the seminal receptacle. SEM revealed remarkable damages in male's tegument, including tubercles flattening, tegumental peeling and erosive lesions. Given that lipids are present in reproductive system and tegument, our results suggest that phenotypic changes are due to ethanol-induced lipid peroxidation. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report revealing the biological action of ethanol intake on adult schistosomes in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luciana Brandão-Bezerra
- Romero Lascasas Porto Laboratory of Helminthology, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, School of Medical Sciences, Rio de Janeiro State University, Brazil
| | - Jéssica Santa Cruz de Carvalho Martins
- Romero Lascasas Porto Laboratory of Helminthology, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, School of Medical Sciences, Rio de Janeiro State University, Brazil
| | - Regina Maria Figueiredo de Oliveira
- Romero Lascasas Porto Laboratory of Helminthology, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, School of Medical Sciences, Rio de Janeiro State University, Brazil
| | - Eduardo José Lopes-Torres
- Romero Lascasas Porto Laboratory of Helminthology, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, School of Medical Sciences, Rio de Janeiro State University, Brazil
| | - Renata Heisler Neves
- Romero Lascasas Porto Laboratory of Helminthology, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, School of Medical Sciences, Rio de Janeiro State University, Brazil
| | - Christiane Leal Corrêa
- Department of Pathology and Laboratories, School of Medical Sciences, Rio de Janeiro State University, Brazil; Medicine School, Estácio de Sá University, Brazil
| | - José Roberto Machado-Silva
- Romero Lascasas Porto Laboratory of Helminthology, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, School of Medical Sciences, Rio de Janeiro State University, Brazil.
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Santos SGRD, Mattos AA, Guimarães MM, Boger BDS, Coral GP. Alcohol Consumption Influences Clinical Outcome in Patients Admitted to a Referral Center for Liver Disease. Ann Hepatol 2019; 17:470-475. [PMID: 29735785 DOI: 10.5604/01.3001.0011.7391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION AND AIM Excessive alcohol consumption is a public health concern worldwide and has been associated with high mortality rates. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of alcohol consumption and its influence on the prognosis of hospitalized cirrhotic patients in a tertiary care hospital. MATERIAL AND METHODS We reviewed the medical records of all patients with hepatic cirrosis admitted between January 2009 and December 2014, in a referral center for liver disease in southern Brazil. Data on clinical outcomes, associated conditions, infections, and mortality were collected and compared between alcoholic and nonalcoholic patients. RESULTS The sample consisted of 388 patients; 259 (66.7%) were men. One hundred fifty-two (39.2%) were classified as heavy use of alcohol. Most alcoholic patients were men (n = 144; 94.7%). Mean age was 55.6 ± 8.9 years. Hepatic decompensations and infections were more prevalent in alcoholic patient. Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis and respiratory tract infection accounted for most of the infections. Excessive alcohol consumption was associated with mortality (P = 0.009) in multivariate analysis. CONCLUSION On the present study, the prevalence of heavy use of alcohol was high and associated with a poorer prognosis in hospitalized cirrhotic patients, increasing the risk of infection and death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suyan G R Dos Santos
- Postgraduate Program in Medicine: Hepatology, Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Angelo A Mattos
- Federal University of Health Sciences of Porto Alegre (UFCSPA), Brazil
| | - Marcela M Guimarães
- Postgraduate Program in Medicine: Hepatology, Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Bibiana de S Boger
- Postgraduate Program in Medicine: Hepatology, Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Gabriela P Coral
- Postgraduate Program in Medicine: Hepatology, Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
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The Edible Insect Gryllus bimaculatus Protects against Gut-Derived Inflammatory Responses and Liver Damage in Mice after Acute Alcohol Exposure. Nutrients 2019; 11:nu11040857. [PMID: 30995745 PMCID: PMC6521266 DOI: 10.3390/nu11040857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2019] [Revised: 04/10/2019] [Accepted: 04/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in response to excess alcohol exposure is a major cause of gut barrier disruption and lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced hepatic inflammation, as well as liver steatosis and apoptosis. This study was designed to investigate protective effects of the cricket Gryllus bimaculatus, an edible insect recognized by the Korea Food and Drug Administration, against acute alcoholic liver damage in mice. Administration of G. bimaculatus extracts (GBE) attenuated alcohol-induced steatosis and apoptotic responses in the liver and intestinal permeability to bacterial endotoxin. These protective effects were associated with suppression of ROS-mediated oxidative stress in both the liver and small intestine. Furthermore, in vivo and in vitro studies revealed that GBE inhibits LPS-induced Kupffer cell activation and subsequent inflammatory signaling. Importantly, the protective effects of GBE were more potent than those of silymarin, a known therapeutic agent for alcoholic liver diseases.
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de Lavor ÉM, Fernandes AWC, de Andrade Teles RB, Leal AEBP, de Oliveira Júnior RG, Gama e Silva M, de Oliveira AP, Silva JC, de Moura Fontes Araújo MT, Coutinho HDM, de Menezes IRA, Picot L, da Silva Almeida JRG. Essential Oils and Their Major Compounds in the Treatment of Chronic Inflammation: A Review of Antioxidant Potential in Preclinical Studies and Molecular Mechanisms. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2018; 2018:6468593. [PMID: 30671173 PMCID: PMC6323437 DOI: 10.1155/2018/6468593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2018] [Accepted: 11/01/2018] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Inflammatory diseases result from the body's response to tissue damage, and if the resolution is not adequate or the stimulus persists, there will be progression from acute inflammation to chronic inflammation, leading to the development of cancer and neurodegenerative and autoimmune diseases. Due to the complexity of events that occur in inflammation associated with the adverse effects of drugs used in clinical practice, it is necessary to search for new biologically active compounds with anti-inflammatory activity. Among natural products, essential oils (EOs) present promising results in preclinical studies, with action in the main mechanisms involved in the pathology of inflammation. The present systematic review summarizes the pharmacological effects of EOs and their compounds in in vitro and in vivo models for inflammation. The research was conducted in the following databases: PubMed, Scopus, BIREME, Scielo, Open Grey, and Science Direct. Based on the inclusion criteria, 30 articles were selected and discussed in this review. The studies listed revealed a potential activity of EOs and their compounds for the treatment of inflammatory diseases, especially in chronic inflammatory conditions, with the main mechanism involving reduction of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species associated with an elevation of antioxidant enzymes as well as the reduction of the nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB), reducing the expression of proinflammatory cytokines. Thus, this review suggests that EOs and their major compounds are promising tools for the treatment of chronic inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Érica Martins de Lavor
- Center for Studies and Research of Medicinal Plants, Federal University of San Francisco Valley, 56304-205 Petrolina, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | | | - Roxana Braga de Andrade Teles
- Center for Studies and Research of Medicinal Plants, Federal University of San Francisco Valley, 56304-205 Petrolina, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Ana Ediléia Barbosa Pereira Leal
- Center for Studies and Research of Medicinal Plants, Federal University of San Francisco Valley, 56304-205 Petrolina, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | | | - Mariana Gama e Silva
- Center for Studies and Research of Medicinal Plants, Federal University of San Francisco Valley, 56304-205 Petrolina, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Ana Paula de Oliveira
- Center for Studies and Research of Medicinal Plants, Federal University of San Francisco Valley, 56304-205 Petrolina, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Juliane Cabral Silva
- Center for Studies and Research of Medicinal Plants, Federal University of San Francisco Valley, 56304-205 Petrolina, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Maria Tais de Moura Fontes Araújo
- Center for Studies and Research of Medicinal Plants, Federal University of San Francisco Valley, 56304-205 Petrolina, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | | | | | - Laurent Picot
- UMRi CNRS 7266 LIENSs, University of La Rochelle, La Rochelle, France
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Sun J, Wen X, Liu J, Kan J, Qian C, Wu C, Jin C. Protective effect of an arabinogalactan from black soybean against carbon tetrachloride-induced acute liver injury in mice. Int J Biol Macromol 2018; 117:659-664. [PMID: 29852225 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2018.05.203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2018] [Revised: 05/10/2018] [Accepted: 05/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
In vivo hepatoprotective effect of a novel arabinogalactan (AG) from black soybean on carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)-induced acute liver injury was evaluated for the first time. Our results showed that administration of AG could significantly attenuate the increase in the levels of alkaline phosphatase, alanine transaminase and aspartate transaminase in the serum caused by CCl4 treatment. AG treatment not only significantly elevated the levels of antioxidant enzymes including superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase and glutathione reductase; but also increased the levels of non-enzyme antioxidants (glutathione and total antioxidant capacity in liver tissues) when compared with CCl4-induced acute liver injury model. In addition, AG significantly reduced lipid peroxidation levels in liver tissues. The hepatoprotective effect of high-dose of AG was comparable to that of silymarin, which served as a positive standard. This study indicated that AG had a protective effect on CCl4-induced acute liver injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Sun
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225002, China; Xuzhou Institute of Agricultural Sciences in Jiangsu Xuhuai District, Xuzhou 221131, China
| | - Xiaoyuan Wen
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225127, China
| | - Jun Liu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225127, China.
| | - Juan Kan
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225127, China
| | - Chunlu Qian
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225127, China
| | - Chunsen Wu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225127, China
| | - Changhai Jin
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225127, China.
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Hsu JY, Lin HH, Hsu CC, Chen BC, Chen JH. Aqueous Extract of Pepino ( Solanum muriactum Ait) Leaves Ameliorate Lipid Accumulation and Oxidative Stress in Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease. Nutrients 2018; 10:nu10070931. [PMID: 30037014 PMCID: PMC6073701 DOI: 10.3390/nu10070931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2018] [Revised: 07/12/2018] [Accepted: 07/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic alcohol intake leads to alcoholic fatty liver. The pathogenesis of alcoholic fatty liver is related to abnormal lipid accumulation, oxidative stress, endotoxins, and cytokines. Solanum muricatum Ait. (Pepino) is a plant food commonly cultivated in the Penghu island, Taiwan. Previous studies indicated that the aqueous extract of pepino was able to attenuate diabetic progression via its antioxidative and anti-inflammatory effects. However, the mechanisms of the antioxidative and anti-inflammatory effects of pepino leaf in preventing alcoholic fatty liver remain unknown. In this study, Lieber–DeCarli ethanol-containing liquid diet was used to induce alcoholic hepatic injury in C57BL/6 mice. The hepatoprotective effects and the related mechanisms of aqueous extract of pepino leaf (AEPL) were examined. Our results showed that 2% AEPL treatments protected the liver from ethanol-induced injury through reducing serum levels of aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), total cholesterol (TC) and triglyceride (TG) (all p < 0.05). AEPL had the effects in improving the ethanol-induced lipid accumulation in mice under histological examination. Molecular data indicated that the anti-lipid accumulation effect of AEPL might be mediated via inducing hepatic levels of phospho-adenosine monophosphate-activated kinase (p-AMPK) and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR)-α, and reducing the expressions of hepatic lipogenic enzymes, including sterol regulatory element-binding protein (SREBP)-1c, acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC), and fatty acid synthase (FAS) (all p < 0.05). AEPL also decreased hepatic levels of thiobarbituric acid relative substances (TBARS), tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, and interleukin (IL)-6, as well as the expression of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) (all p < 0.05). Moreover, AEPL significantly elevated the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase, and glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and glutathione (GSH) content compared to the ethanol-fed group (all p < 0.05). Our present study suggests that AEPL could protect the liver against ethanol-induced oxidative injury and lipid accumulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jen-Ying Hsu
- Department of Nutrition, Chung Shan Medical University, No. 110, Sec. 1, Jianguo N. Road, Taichung City 40201, Taiwan.
| | - Hui-Hsuan Lin
- Department of Medical Laboratory and Biotechnology, Chung Shan Medical University, No. 110, Sec. 1, Jianguo N. Road, Taichung City 40201, Taiwan.
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, No. 110, Sec. 1, Jianguo N. Road, Taichung City 40201, Taiwan.
| | - Cheng-Chin Hsu
- Department of Nutrition, Chung Shan Medical University, No. 110, Sec. 1, Jianguo N. Road, Taichung City 40201, Taiwan.
| | - Bing-Chen Chen
- Department of Nutrition, Chung Shan Medical University, No. 110, Sec. 1, Jianguo N. Road, Taichung City 40201, Taiwan.
| | - Jing-Hsien Chen
- Department of Nutrition, Chung Shan Medical University, No. 110, Sec. 1, Jianguo N. Road, Taichung City 40201, Taiwan.
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, No. 110, Sec. 1, Jianguo N. Road, Taichung City 40201, Taiwan.
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Chigurupati H, Auddy B, Biyani M, Chakrabarti S, Stohs SJ. Prevention of alcohol-induced DNA damage by a proprietary glycyrrhizin/D-mannitol product: A randomized, placebo-controlled, cross-over human study. Alcohol 2018; 69:33-39. [PMID: 29609113 DOI: 10.1016/j.alcohol.2017.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2016] [Revised: 10/31/2017] [Accepted: 11/01/2017] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the ability of a proprietary combination of glycyrrhizin and D-mannitol to protect against oxidative damage to DNA associated with acute alcohol consumption by human subjects in a randomized, placebo-controlled cross-over designed study. Excessive alcohol consumption is associated with numerous diseases. Alcohol has been shown to generate reactive oxygen species that can result in DNA damage, leading to genetic and epigenetic changes. METHODS A total of 25 subjects (13 male and 12 female) were enrolled. Alcohol intake in the form of vodka (40% ethanol) was adjusted based on 1.275 g of 100% ethanol/kg body weight for men and 1.020 g/kg body weight for women, which was consumed with and without the study product. Blood samples were drawn at 2 h after alcohol consumption, lymphocytes were isolated, and were subjected to DNA comet electrophoresis on a blinded basis. RESULTS Acute alcohol consumption increased lymphocyte DNA damage by approximately 8.36%. Co-consumption of the glycyrrhizin/D-mannitol study product with alcohol reduced DNA damage to baseline levels. No adverse effects were associated with use of the study product, and no differences were observed in blood alcohol concentrations in the presence or absence of the study product in males and females. CONCLUSIONS Acute alcohol ingestion resulted in measurable increases in DNA damage, which were prevented by the addition of the proprietary glycyrrhizin/D-mannitol (NTX®) study product to the alcohol, suggesting that the tissue-damaging effects of alcohol consumption can be ameliorated.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Biswajit Auddy
- Chigurupati Technologies Private Limited, Hyderabad, India
| | - Manish Biyani
- Chigurupati Technologies Private Limited, Hyderabad, India
| | | | - Sidney J Stohs
- Creighton University, 7068 Maumee Valley Court, Frisco, TX 75034, United States.
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Rabelo ACS, de Pádua Lúcio K, Araújo CM, de Araújo GR, de Amorim Miranda PH, Carneiro ACA, de Castro Ribeiro ÉM, de Melo Silva B, de Lima WG, Costa DC. Baccharis trimera protects against ethanol induced hepatotoxicity in vitro and in vivo. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2018; 215:1-13. [PMID: 29289796 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2017.12.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2017] [Revised: 12/13/2017] [Accepted: 12/26/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Baccharis trimera has been traditionally used in Brazil to treat liver diseases. AIM OF THE STUDY To evaluate the protective effect of Baccharis trimera in an ethanol induced hepatotoxicity model. MATERIALS AND METHODS The antioxidant capacity was evaluated in vitro by the ability to scavenged the DPPH radical, by the quantification of ROS, NO and the transcription factor Nrf2. Hepatotoxicity was induced in animals by administration of absolute ethanol for 2 days (acute) or with ethanol diluted for 28 days (chronic). The biochemical parameters of hepatic function (ALT and AST), renal function (urea and creatinine) and lipid profile (total cholesterol, triglycerides and HDL) were evaluated. In addition to antioxidant defense (SOD, catalase, glutathione), oxidative damage markers (TBARS and carbonylated protein), MMP-2 activity and liver histology. RESULTS Baccharis trimera promoted a decrease in ROS and NO, and at low concentrations promoted increased transcription of Nrf2. In the acute experiment it promoted increase of HDL, in the activity of SOD and GPx, besides diminishing TBARS and microesteatosis. Already in the chronic experiment B. trimera improved the hepatic and renal profile, decreased triglycerides and MMP-2 activity, in addition to diminishing microesteatosis. CONCLUSION We believe that B. trimera action is possibly more associated with direct neutralizing effects or inhibition of reactive species production pathways rather than the modulation of the antioxidant enzymes activity. Thus it is possible to infer that the biological effects triggered by adaptive responses are complex and multifactorial depending on the dose, the time and the compounds used.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Carolina Silveira Rabelo
- Laboratory of Metabolic Biochemistry (LBM), Department of Biological Sciences (DECBI), Center of Research in Biological Sciences (NUPEB), Federal University of Ouro Preto (UFOP), Ouro Preto, MG 35400-000, Brazil
| | - Karine de Pádua Lúcio
- Laboratory of Metabolic Biochemistry (LBM), Department of Biological Sciences (DECBI), Center of Research in Biological Sciences (NUPEB), Federal University of Ouro Preto (UFOP), Ouro Preto, MG 35400-000, Brazil
| | - Carolina Morais Araújo
- Laboratory of Metabolic Biochemistry (LBM), Department of Biological Sciences (DECBI), Center of Research in Biological Sciences (NUPEB), Federal University of Ouro Preto (UFOP), Ouro Preto, MG 35400-000, Brazil
| | - Glaucy Rodrigues de Araújo
- Laboratory of Metabolic Biochemistry (LBM), Department of Biological Sciences (DECBI), Center of Research in Biological Sciences (NUPEB), Federal University of Ouro Preto (UFOP), Ouro Preto, MG 35400-000, Brazil
| | - Pedro Henrique de Amorim Miranda
- Laboratory of Metabolic Biochemistry (LBM), Department of Biological Sciences (DECBI), Center of Research in Biological Sciences (NUPEB), Federal University of Ouro Preto (UFOP), Ouro Preto, MG 35400-000, Brazil
| | - Ana Claudia Alvarenga Carneiro
- Laboratory of Biology and Biotechnology of Microorganisms, Department of Biological Sciences (DECBI), Center of Research in Biological Sciences (NUPEB), Federal University of Ouro Preto (UFOP), Ouro Preto, MG 35400-000, Brazil
| | - Érica Milena de Castro Ribeiro
- Laboratory of Biology and Biotechnology of Microorganisms, Department of Biological Sciences (DECBI), Center of Research in Biological Sciences (NUPEB), Federal University of Ouro Preto (UFOP), Ouro Preto, MG 35400-000, Brazil
| | - Breno de Melo Silva
- Laboratory of Biology and Biotechnology of Microorganisms, Department of Biological Sciences (DECBI), Center of Research in Biological Sciences (NUPEB), Federal University of Ouro Preto (UFOP), Ouro Preto, MG 35400-000, Brazil
| | - Wanderson Geraldo de Lima
- Laboratory of Morphopathology (LMP), Department of Biological Sciences (DECBI), Center of Research in Biological Sciences (NUPEB), Federal University of Ouro Preto (UFOP), Ouro Preto, MG 35400-000, Brazil
| | - Daniela Caldeira Costa
- Laboratory of Metabolic Biochemistry (LBM), Department of Biological Sciences (DECBI), Center of Research in Biological Sciences (NUPEB), Federal University of Ouro Preto (UFOP), Ouro Preto, MG 35400-000, Brazil.
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Resveratrol Ameliorates Experimental Alcoholic Liver Disease by Modulating Oxidative Stress. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2017; 2017:4287890. [PMID: 29456571 PMCID: PMC5804110 DOI: 10.1155/2017/4287890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2017] [Revised: 11/08/2017] [Accepted: 11/28/2017] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the hepatoprotective effects of resveratrol in alcoholic liver disease (ALD). Alcohol was administered to healthy female rats starting from 6% (v/v) and gradually increased to 20% (v/v) by the fifth week. After 16 weeks of intervention, liver enzymes (aspartate aminotransferase [AST] and alanine aminotransferase [ALT]) were analyzed using a chemistry analyzer, while hepatic antioxidant enzymes, oxidative stress markers, and caspase 3 activity were assessed using ELISA kits. Furthermore, hepatic CYP2E1 protein levels and mRNA levels of antioxidant and inflammation-related genes were determined using western blotting and RT-PCR, respectively. The results showed that resveratrol significantly attenuated alcohol-induced elevation of liver enzymes and improved hepatic antioxidant enzymes. Resveratrol also attenuated alcohol-induced CYP2E1 increase, oxidative stress, and apoptosis (caspase 3 activity). Moreover, genes associated with oxidative stress and inflammation were regulated by resveratrol supplementation. Taken together, the results suggested that resveratrol alleviated ALD through regulation of oxidative stress, apoptosis, and inflammation, which was mediated at the transcriptional level. The data suggests that resveratrol is a promising natural therapeutic agent against chronic ALD.
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Rabelo ACS, Araújo GRD, Lúcio KDP, Araújo CM, Miranda PHDA, Silva BDM, Carneiro ACA, Ribeiro ÉMDC, Lima WGD, Souza GHBD, Brandão GC, Costa DC. Aqueous extract of Baccharis trimera improves redox status and decreases the severity of alcoholic hepatotoxicity. REVISTA BRASILEIRA DE FARMACOGNOSIA-BRAZILIAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACOGNOSY 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bjp.2017.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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