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Fan L, Xia Y, Wang Y, Han D, Liu Y, Li J, Fu J, Wang L, Gan Z, Liu B, Fu J, Zhu C, Wu Z, Zhao J, Han H, Wu H, He Y, Tang Y, Zhang Q, Wang Y, Zhang F, Zong X, Yin J, Zhou X, Yang X, Wang J, Yin Y, Ren W. Gut microbiota bridges dietary nutrients and host immunity. SCIENCE CHINA. LIFE SCIENCES 2023; 66:2466-2514. [PMID: 37286860 PMCID: PMC10247344 DOI: 10.1007/s11427-023-2346-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 46.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2023] [Accepted: 04/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Dietary nutrients and the gut microbiota are increasingly recognized to cross-regulate and entrain each other, and thus affect host health and immune-mediated diseases. Here, we systematically review the current understanding linking dietary nutrients to gut microbiota-host immune interactions, emphasizing how this axis might influence host immunity in health and diseases. Of relevance, we highlight that the implications of gut microbiota-targeted dietary intervention could be harnessed in orchestrating a spectrum of immune-associated diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lijuan Fan
- Guangdong Laboratory of Lingnan Modern Agriculture, National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Yaoyao Xia
- Guangdong Laboratory of Lingnan Modern Agriculture, National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Youxia Wang
- Guangdong Laboratory of Lingnan Modern Agriculture, National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Dandan Han
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Yanli Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Xi'an, 712100, China
| | - Jiahuan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Jie Fu
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Leli Wang
- Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, 410125, China
| | - Zhending Gan
- Guangdong Laboratory of Lingnan Modern Agriculture, National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Bingnan Liu
- Guangdong Laboratory of Lingnan Modern Agriculture, National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Jian Fu
- Guangdong Laboratory of Lingnan Modern Agriculture, National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Congrui Zhu
- Guangdong Laboratory of Lingnan Modern Agriculture, National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Zhenhua Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Jinbiao Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Hui Han
- Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Hao Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Yiwen He
- Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, 410125, China
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Intestinal Function and Regulation, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, China
| | - Yulong Tang
- Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, 410125, China
| | - Qingzhuo Zhang
- Guangdong Laboratory of Lingnan Modern Agriculture, National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Yibin Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Xi'an, 712100, China
| | - Fan Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Xi'an, 712100, China
| | - Xin Zong
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
| | - Jie Yin
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China.
| | - Xihong Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, 410125, China.
| | - Xiaojun Yang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Xi'an, 712100, China.
| | - Junjun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China.
| | - Yulong Yin
- Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, 410125, China.
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China.
| | - Wenkai Ren
- Guangdong Laboratory of Lingnan Modern Agriculture, National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China.
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2
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Song WX, Yu ZH, Ren XF, Chen JH, Chen X. Role of micronutrients in inflammatory bowel disease. Shijie Huaren Xiaohua Zazhi 2023; 31:711-731. [DOI: 10.11569/wcjd.v31.i17.711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Revised: 08/28/2023] [Accepted: 09/01/2023] [Indexed: 09/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is an autoimmune intestinal disease that includes ulcerative colitis, Crohn's disease, and indeterminate colitis. Patients with IBD are often at risk for malnutrition, including micronutrient deficiencies, due to dietary restrictions and poor intestinal absorption. Micronutrients, including vitamins and minerals, play an important role in the human body's metabolism and maintenance of tissue functions. This article reviews the role of micronutrients in IBD. Micronutrients can affect the occurrence and progression of IBD by regulating immunity, intestinal flora, oxidative stress, intestinal barrier function, and other aspects. Monitoring and timely supplementation of micronutrients are important to delay progression and improve clinical symptoms in IBD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Xuan Song
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, China
| | - Zi-Han Yu
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, China
| | - Xiang-Feng Ren
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, China
| | - Ji-Hua Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, China
| | - Xin Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, China
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3
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Mehta N, Pokharna P, Shetty SR. Unwinding the potentials of vitamin C in COVID-19 and other diseases: An updated review. Nutr Health 2023; 29:415-433. [PMID: 36445072 PMCID: PMC9713540 DOI: 10.1177/02601060221139628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Background: The discovery of vitamin C (ascorbic acid) is related to the ancient history of persistent research on the origins of the haemorrhagic disease scurvy. Vitamin C is an important nutrient that aids in a variety of biological and physiological processes. Scientists have been researching the function of vitamin C in the prevention and ailment of sepsis and pneumonia for decades. This has created a potential platform for applying these results to individuals suffering from severe coronavirus infection (COVID-19). Vitamin C's ability to activate and enhance the immune system makes it a promising treatment in the present COVID-19 pandemic. Vitamin C also aids in the activation of vitamin B, the production of certain neurotransmitters, and the transformation of cholesterol into bile acids. Hence, vitamin C is used for the treatment of many diseases. Aim: This review highlights the Vitamin C investigations that are performed by various researchers on patients with COVID 19 infection, the clinical studies and their observations. The authors have additionally updated information on the significance of vitamin C insufficiency, as well as its relevance and involvement in diseases such as cancer, wound healing, iron deficiency anaemia, atherosclerosis and neurodegenerative disorders. Here, we discuss them with the references. Methods: The method used in order to perform literature search was done using SciFinder, PubMed and ScienceDirect. Results: There is a potential role of vitamin C in various diseases including neurodegenerative disorders, COVID-19 and other diseases and the results are highlighted in the review with the help of clinical and preclinical data. Conclusion: More research on vitamin C and the undergoing clinical trials might prove a potential role of vitamin C in protecting the population from current COVID-19 pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikhil Mehta
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Shobhaben Pratapbhai Patel School of Pharmacy and Technology Management, SVKMs NMIMS. Mumbai, India
| | - Purvi Pokharna
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Shobhaben Pratapbhai Patel School of Pharmacy and Technology Management, SVKMs NMIMS. Mumbai, India
| | - Saritha R Shetty
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Shobhaben Pratapbhai Patel School of Pharmacy and Technology Management, SVKMs NMIMS. Mumbai, India
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Ebenuwa I, Violet PC, Padayatty SJ, Wang Y, Tu H, Wilkins KJ, Moore DF, Eck P, Schiffmann R, Levine M. Vitamin C Urinary Loss in Fabry Disease: Clinical and Genomic Characteristics of Vitamin C Renal Leak. J Nutr 2023; 153:1994-2003. [PMID: 37229630 PMCID: PMC10375496 DOI: 10.1016/j.tjnut.2022.12.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2022] [Revised: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 12/08/2022] [Indexed: 03/12/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Reduced plasma vitamin C concentrations in chronic diseases may result from abnormal urinary excretion of vitamin C: a renal leak. We hypothesized that vitamin C renal leak may be associated with disease-mediated renal dysregulation, resulting in aberrant vitamin C renal reabsorption and increased urinary loss. OBJECTIVES We investigated the prevalence, clinical characteristics, and genomic associations of vitamin C renal leak in Fabry disease, an X-linked lysosomal disease associated with renal tubular dysfunction and low plasma vitamin C concentrations. METHODS We conducted a non-randomized cross-sectional cohort study of men aged 24-42 y, with Fabry disease (n = 34) and controls without acute or chronic disease (n = 33). To match anticipated plasma vitamin C concentrations, controls were placed on a low-vitamin C diet 3 wk before inpatient admission. To determine the primary outcome of vitamin C renal leak prevalence, subjects were fasted overnight, and matched urine and fasting plasma vitamin C measurements were obtained the following morning. Vitamin C renal leak was defined as presence of urinary vitamin C at plasma concentrations below 38 μM. Exploratory outcomes assessed the association between renal leak and clinical parameters, and genomic associations with renal leak using single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the vitamin C transporter SLC23A1. RESULTS Compared with controls, the Fabry cohort had 16-fold higher odds of renal leak (6% vs. 52%; OR: 16; 95% CI: 3.30, 162; P < 0.001). Renal leak was associated with higher protein creatinine ratio (P < 0.01) and lower hemoglobin (P = 0.002), but not estimated glomerular filtration rate (P = 0.54). Renal leak, but not plasma vitamin C, was associated with a nonsynonymous single nucleotide polymorphism in vitamin C transporter SLC23A1 (OR: 15; 95% CI: 1.6, 777; P = 0.01). CONCLUSIONS Increased prevalence of renal leak in adult men with Fabry disease may result from dysregulated vitamin C renal physiology and is associated with abnormal clinical outcomes and genomic variation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ifechukwude Ebenuwa
- Molecular and Clinical Nutrition Section, Digestive Diseases Branch, Intramural Research Program, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
| | - Pierre-Christian Violet
- Molecular and Clinical Nutrition Section, Digestive Diseases Branch, Intramural Research Program, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Sebastian J Padayatty
- Molecular and Clinical Nutrition Section, Digestive Diseases Branch, Intramural Research Program, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Yaohui Wang
- Molecular and Clinical Nutrition Section, Digestive Diseases Branch, Intramural Research Program, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Hongbin Tu
- Molecular and Clinical Nutrition Section, Digestive Diseases Branch, Intramural Research Program, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Kenneth J Wilkins
- Biostatistics Program, Office of Clinical Research Support, Office of the Director, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - David F Moore
- Developmental and Metabolic Neurology Branch, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda MD, USA
| | - Peter Eck
- Department of Human Nutritional Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Raphael Schiffmann
- Developmental and Metabolic Neurology Branch, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda MD, USA
| | - Mark Levine
- Molecular and Clinical Nutrition Section, Digestive Diseases Branch, Intramural Research Program, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
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5
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Gordon BL, Galati JS, Yang S, Longman RS, Lukin D, Scherl EJ, Battat R. Prevalence and factors associated with vitamin C deficiency in inflammatory bowel disease. World J Gastroenterol 2022; 28:4834-4845. [PMID: 36156920 PMCID: PMC9476859 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v28.i33.4834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2022] [Revised: 05/23/2022] [Accepted: 08/06/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) are prone to several nutritional deficiencies. However, data are lacking on vitamin C deficiency in Crohn’s disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC) patients, as well as the impact of clinical, biomarker and endoscopic disease severity on the development of vitamin C deficiency.
AIM To determine proportions and factors associated with vitamin C deficiency in CD and UC patients.
METHODS In this retrospective study, we obtained clinical, laboratory and endoscopic data from CD and UC patients presenting to the IBD clinic at a single tertiary care center from 2014 to 2019. All patients had an available plasma vitamin C level. Of 353 subjects who met initial search criteria using a cohort discovery tool, 301 ultimately met criteria for inclusion in the study. The primary aim described vitamin C deficiency (≤ 11.4 μmol/L) rates in IBD. Secondary analyses compared proportions with deficiency between active and inactive IBD. Multivariate logistic regression analysis evaluated factors associated with deficiency.
RESULTS Of 301 IBD patients, 21.6% had deficiency, including 24.4% of CD patients and 16.0% of UC patients. Patients with elevated C-reactive protein (CRP) (39.1% vs 16.9%, P < 0.001) and fecal calprotectin (50.0% vs 20.0%, P = 0.009) had significantly higher proportions of deficiency compared to those without. Penetrating disease (P = 0.03), obesity (P = 0.02) and current biologic use (P = 0.006) were also associated with deficiency on univariate analysis. On multivariate analysis, the objective inflammatory marker utilized for analysis (elevated CRP) was the only factor associated with deficiency (odds ratio = 3.1, 95% confidence interval: 1.5-6.6, P = 0.003). There was no difference in the presence of clinical symptoms of scurvy in those with vitamin C deficiency and those without.
CONCLUSION Vitamin C deficiency was common in IBD. Patients with elevated inflammatory markers and penetrating disease had higher rates of vitamin C deficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Langan Gordon
- Department of Medicine, New York Presbyterian/Weill Cornell Medical Center, New York, NY 10065, United States
| | - Jonathan S Galati
- Department of Medicine, New York Presbyterian/Weill Cornell Medical Center, New York, NY 10065, United States
| | - Stevie Yang
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, New York Presbyterian/Weill Cornell Medical Center, New York, NY 10021, United States
| | - Randy S Longman
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, New York Presbyterian/Weill Cornell Medical Center, New York, NY 10021, United States
| | - Dana Lukin
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, New York Presbyterian/Weill Cornell Medical Center, New York, NY 10021, United States
| | - Ellen J Scherl
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, New York Presbyterian/Weill Cornell Medical Center, New York, NY 10021, United States
| | - Robert Battat
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, New York Presbyterian/Weill Cornell Medical Center, New York, NY 10021, United States
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Subramanian VS, Teafatiller T, Moradi H, Marchant JS. Histone deacetylase inhibitors regulate vitamin C transporter functional expression in intestinal epithelial cells. J Nutr Biochem 2021; 98:108838. [PMID: 34403723 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2021.108838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2021] [Revised: 06/04/2021] [Accepted: 07/08/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Intestinal absorption of vitamin C in humans is mediated via the sodium-dependent vitamin C transporters (hSVCT1 and hSVCT2). hSVCT1 and hSVCT2 are localized at the apical and basolateral membranes, respectively, of polarized intestinal epithelia. Studies have identified low plasma levels of vitamin C and decreased expression of hSVCT1 in patients with several inflammatory conditions including inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Investigating the underlying mechanisms responsible for regulating hSVCT1 expression are critical for understanding vitamin C homeostasis, particularly in conditions where suboptimal vitamin C levels detrimentally affect human health. Previous research has shown that hSVCT1 expression is regulated at the transcriptional level, however, little is known about epigenetic regulatory pathways that modulate hSVCT1 expression in the intestine. In this study, we found that hSVCT1 expression and function were significantly decreased in intestinal epithelial cells by the histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDACi), valproic acid (VPA), and sodium butyrate (NaB). Further, expression of transcription factor HNF1α, which is critical for SLC23A1 promoter activity, was significantly down regulated in VPA-treated cells. Chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) assays showed significantly increased enrichment of tetra-acetylated histone H3 and H4 within the SLC23A1 promoter following VPA treatment. In addition, knockdown of HDAC isoforms two, and three significantly decreased hSVCT1 functional expression. Following VPA administration to mice, functional expression of SVCT1 in the jejunum was significantly decreased. Collectively, these in vitro and in vivo studies demonstrate epigenetic regulation of SVCT1 expression in intestinal epithelia partly mediated through HDAC isoforms two and three.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Trevor Teafatiller
- Department of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, California, USA
| | - Hamid Moradi
- Department of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, California, USA; Tibor Rubin VA Medical Center, Long Beach, California, USA
| | - Jonathan S Marchant
- Department of Cell Biology, Neurobiology, and Anatomy, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA
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Pham VT, Dold S, Rehman A, Bird JK, Steinert RE. Vitamins, the gut microbiome and gastrointestinal health in humans. Nutr Res 2021; 95:35-53. [PMID: 34798467 DOI: 10.1016/j.nutres.2021.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2021] [Revised: 09/17/2021] [Accepted: 09/20/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The gut microbiome plays important roles in the maintenance of host health and the pathogenesis of many diseases. Diet is a key modulator of the gut microbiome. There is increasing evidence that nutrients other than fermentable fiber affect the gut microbial composition. In this review, we discuss the effects of vitamins on the gut microbiome, and related gastrointestinal health, based on in vitro, animal and human studies. Some vitamins, when provided in large doses or when delivered to the large intestine, have been shown to beneficially modulate the gut microbiome by increasing the abundance of presumed commensals (vitamins A, B2, D, E, and beta-carotene), increasing or maintaining microbial diversity (vitamins A, B2, B3, C, K) and richness (vitamin D), increasing short chain fatty acid production (vitamin C), or increasing the abundance of short chain fatty acid producers (vitamins B2, E). Others, such as vitamins A and D, modulate the gut immune response or barrier function, thus, indirectly influencing gastrointestinal health or the microbiome. Future research is needed to explore these potential effects and to elucidate the underlying mechanisms and host health benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Van T Pham
- DSM Nutritional Products, Kaiseraugst, Switzerland.
| | - Susanne Dold
- DSM Nutritional Products, Kaiseraugst, Switzerland
| | | | | | - Robert E Steinert
- DSM Nutritional Products, Kaiseraugst, Switzerland; Department of Surgery, Division of Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
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8
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Corpas M, Megy K, Mistry V, Metastasio A, Lehmann E. Whole Genome Interpretation for a Family of Five. Front Genet 2021; 12:535123. [PMID: 33763108 PMCID: PMC7982663 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2021.535123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2020] [Accepted: 02/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Although best practices have emerged on how to analyse and interpret personal genomes, the utility of whole genome screening remains underdeveloped. A large amount of information can be gathered from various types of analyses via whole genome sequencing including pathogenicity screening, genetic risk scoring, fitness, nutrition, and pharmacogenomic analysis. We recognize different levels of confidence when assessing the validity of genetic markers and apply rigorous standards for evaluation of phenotype associations. We illustrate the application of this approach on a family of five. By applying analyses of whole genomes from different methodological perspectives, we are able to build a more comprehensive picture to assist decision making in preventative healthcare and well-being management. Our interpretation and reporting outputs provide input for a clinician to develop a healthcare plan for the individual, based on genetic and other healthcare data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuel Corpas
- Cambridge Precision Medicine Limited, ideaSpace, University of Cambridge Biomedical Innovation Hub, Cambridge, United Kingdom.,Institute of Continuing Education Madingley Hall Madingley, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom.,Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Internacional de La Rioja, Madrid, Spain
| | - Karyn Megy
- Cambridge Precision Medicine Limited, ideaSpace, University of Cambridge Biomedical Innovation Hub, Cambridge, United Kingdom.,Department of Haematology, University of Cambridge & National Health Service (NHS) Blood and Transplant, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | | | - Antonio Metastasio
- Cambridge Precision Medicine Limited, ideaSpace, University of Cambridge Biomedical Innovation Hub, Cambridge, United Kingdom.,Camden and Islington NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - Edmund Lehmann
- Cambridge Precision Medicine Limited, ideaSpace, University of Cambridge Biomedical Innovation Hub, Cambridge, United Kingdom
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9
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Doseděl M, Jirkovský E, Macáková K, Krčmová LK, Javorská L, Pourová J, Mercolini L, Remião F, Nováková L, Mladěnka P. Vitamin C-Sources, Physiological Role, Kinetics, Deficiency, Use, Toxicity, and Determination. Nutrients 2021; 13:615. [PMID: 33668681 PMCID: PMC7918462 DOI: 10.3390/nu13020615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 170] [Impact Index Per Article: 56.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2020] [Revised: 02/02/2021] [Accepted: 02/08/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Vitamin C (L-ascorbic acid) has been known as an antioxidant for most people. However, its physiological role is much larger and encompasses very different processes ranging from facilitation of iron absorption through involvement in hormones and carnitine synthesis for important roles in epigenetic processes. Contrarily, high doses act as a pro-oxidant than an anti-oxidant. This may also be the reason why plasma levels are meticulously regulated on the level of absorption and excretion in the kidney. Interestingly, most cells contain vitamin C in millimolar concentrations, which is much higher than its plasma concentrations, and compared to other vitamins. The role of vitamin C is well demonstrated by miscellaneous symptoms of its absence-scurvy. The only clinically well-documented indication for vitamin C is scurvy. The effects of vitamin C administration on cancer, cardiovascular diseases, and infections are rather minor or even debatable in the general population. Vitamin C is relatively safe, but caution should be given to the administration of high doses, which can cause overt side effects in some susceptible patients (e.g., oxalate renal stones). Lastly, analytical methods for its determination with advantages and pitfalls are also discussed in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Doseděl
- Department of Social and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Charles University, 500 05 Hradec Králové, Czech Republic;
| | - Eduard Jirkovský
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Charles University, 500 05 Hradec Králové, Czech Republic; (E.J.); (J.P.)
| | - Kateřina Macáková
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Charles University, 500 05 Hradec Králové, Czech Republic;
| | - Lenka Kujovská Krčmová
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Charles University, 500 05 Hradec Králové, Czech Republic; (L.K.K.); (L.N.)
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Diagnostics, University Hospital Hradec Králové, 500 05 Hradec Králové, Czech Republic;
| | - Lenka Javorská
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Diagnostics, University Hospital Hradec Králové, 500 05 Hradec Králové, Czech Republic;
| | - Jana Pourová
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Charles University, 500 05 Hradec Králové, Czech Republic; (E.J.); (J.P.)
| | - Laura Mercolini
- Research group of Pharmaco-Toxicological Analysis (PTA Lab), Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology (FaBiT), Alma Mater Studiorum—University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy;
| | - Fernando Remião
- UCIBIO-REQUIMTE, Laboratory of Toxicology, Biological Sciences Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal;
| | - Lucie Nováková
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Charles University, 500 05 Hradec Králové, Czech Republic; (L.K.K.); (L.N.)
| | - Přemysl Mladěnka
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Charles University, 500 05 Hradec Králové, Czech Republic; (E.J.); (J.P.)
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Khurana N, Pulsipher A, Ghandehari H, Alt JA. Meta-analysis of global and high throughput public gene array data for robust vascular gene expression discovery in chronic rhinosinusitis: Implications in controlled release. J Control Release 2021; 330:878-888. [PMID: 33144181 PMCID: PMC7906912 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2020.10.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2020] [Revised: 10/27/2020] [Accepted: 10/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic inflammation is known to cause alterations in vascular homeostasis that directly affects blood vessel morphogenesis, angiogenesis, and tissue permeability. These phenomena have been investigated and exploited for targeted drug delivery applications in the context of cancers and other disease processes. Vascular pathophysiology and its associated genes and signaling pathways, however, have not been systematically investigated in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS). Understanding the interplay between key vascular signaling pathways and top biomarkers associated with CRS may facilitate the development of new targeted delivery strategies and treatment paradigms. Herein, we report findings from a gene meta-analysis to identify key vascular pathways and top genes involved in CRS. METHODS Proprietary software (Illumina BaseSpace Correlation Engine) and open-access data sets were used to perform a gene meta-analysis to systematically determine significant differences between key vascular biomarkers and vascular signaling pathways expressed in sinonasal tissue biopsies of controls and patients with CRS. RESULTS Thirteen studies were initially identified, and then reduced to five after applying exclusion principle algorithms. Genes associated with vasculature development and blood vessel morphogenesis signaling pathways were identified to be overexpressed among the top 15 signaling pathways. Out of many significantly upregulated genes, the levels of pro angiogenic genes such as early growth response (EGR3), platelet endothelial cell adhesion molecule (PECAM1) and L-selectin (SELL) were particularly significant in patients with CRS compared to controls. DISCUSSION Key vascular biomarkers and signaling pathways were significantly overexpressed in patients with CRS compared to controls, suggesting a contribution of vascular dysfunction in CRS pathophysiology. Vascular dysregulation and permeability may afford opportunities to develop drug delivery systems to improve efficacy and reduce toxicity of CRS treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nitish Khurana
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, 84112, USA; Utah Center for Nanomedicine, Nano Institute of Utah, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, 84112, USA
| | - Abigail Pulsipher
- Utah Center for Nanomedicine, Nano Institute of Utah, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, 84112, USA; Division of Otolaryngology, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT, 84112, USA
| | - Hamidreza Ghandehari
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, 84112, USA; Utah Center for Nanomedicine, Nano Institute of Utah, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, 84112, USA; Division of Otolaryngology, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT, 84112, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, 84112, USA
| | - Jeremiah A Alt
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, 84112, USA; Utah Center for Nanomedicine, Nano Institute of Utah, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, 84112, USA; Division of Otolaryngology, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT, 84112, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, 84112, USA.
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11
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Berretta M, Quagliariello V, Maurea N, Di Francia R, Sharifi S, Facchini G, Rinaldi L, Piezzo M, Manuela C, Nunnari G, Montopoli M. Multiple Effects of Ascorbic Acid against Chronic Diseases: Updated Evidence from Preclinical and Clinical Studies. Antioxidants (Basel) 2020; 9:antiox9121182. [PMID: 33256059 PMCID: PMC7761324 DOI: 10.3390/antiox9121182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2020] [Revised: 11/18/2020] [Accepted: 11/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Severe disease commonly manifests as a systemic inflammatory process. Inflammation is associated withthe enhanced production of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species and with a marked reduction in the plasma concentrations of protective antioxidant molecules. This imbalance gives rise to oxidative stress, which is greater in patients with more severe conditions such as sepsis, cancer, cardiovascular disease, acute respiratory distress syndrome, and burns. In these patients, oxidative stress can trigger cell, tissue, and organ damage, thus increasing morbidity and mortality. Ascorbic acid (ASC) is a key nutrient thatserves as an antioxidant and a cofactor for numerous enzymatic reactions. However, humans, unlike most mammals, are unable to synthesize it. Consequently, ASC must be obtained through dietary sources, especially fresh fruit and vegetables. The value of administering exogenous micronutrients, to reestablish antioxidant concentrations in patients with severe disease, has been recognized for decades. Despite the suggestion that ASC supplementation may reduce oxidative stress and prevent several chronic conditions, few large, randomized clinical trials have tested it in patients with severe illness. This article reviews the recent literature on the pharmacological profile of ASC and the role of its supplementation in critically ill patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Massimiliano Berretta
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, 98121 Messina, Italy;
- Correspondence:
| | - Vincenzo Quagliariello
- Division of Cardiology, Istituto Nazionale Tumori—IRCCS Fondazione “G. Pascale”, 80131 Napoli, Italy; (V.Q.); (N.M.)
| | - Nicola Maurea
- Division of Cardiology, Istituto Nazionale Tumori—IRCCS Fondazione “G. Pascale”, 80131 Napoli, Italy; (V.Q.); (N.M.)
| | - Raffaele Di Francia
- Italian Association of Pharmacogenomics and Molecular Diagnostics (IAPharmagen), 60126 Ancona, Italy;
| | - Saman Sharifi
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padova, 35100 Padova, Italy; (S.S.); (M.M.)
| | - Gaetano Facchini
- Division of Medical Oncology, “S. Maria delle Grazie” Hospital—ASL Napoli 2 Nord, 80126 Pozzuoli, Italy;
| | - Luca Rinaldi
- Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Campania “L. Vanvitelli”, 80121 Napoli, Italy;
| | - Michela Piezzo
- Division of Breast Medical Oncology, Istituto Nazionale Tumori—IRCCS Fondazione “G. Pascale”, 80131 Napoli, Italy;
| | - Ceccarelli Manuela
- Division of Infectious Disease, University of Catania, 95122 Catania, Italy;
| | - Giuseppe Nunnari
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, 98121 Messina, Italy;
| | - Monica Montopoli
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padova, 35100 Padova, Italy; (S.S.); (M.M.)
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Fu J, Wu Z, Liu J, Wu T. Vitamin C: A stem cell promoter in cancer metastasis and immunotherapy. Biomed Pharmacother 2020; 131:110588. [PMID: 32836076 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2020.110588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2020] [Revised: 07/26/2020] [Accepted: 07/28/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Vitamin C is an electron donor and is involved in a variety of biochemical reactions in stem cell and cancer stem cell, as well as collagen synthesis and the regulation of hypoxia-inducible factor synthesis, which two affect extracellular matrix remodelling and hence cancer metastasis. Specific doses of vitamin C can stop cancer cell glycolysis and block nitroso synthesis, indicating the potential of vitamin C in cancer treatment. Recent studies preliminary revealed Vitamin C enhance the cancer's immune response to anti PD-L1 therapy through multiple indirect approaches. Herein we reviewed the recent function of vitamin C for further research in sequential aspects of cancer stem cell, extracellular matrix remodeling, cancer metastasis and cancer immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingwen Fu
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhaoyi Wu
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianfeng Liu
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, People's Republic of China.
| | - Tianfu Wu
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, People's Republic of China.
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Vitamin C Deficiency and the Risk of Osteoporosis in Patients with an Inflammatory Bowel Disease. Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12082263. [PMID: 32751086 PMCID: PMC7468713 DOI: 10.3390/nu12082263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2020] [Revised: 07/22/2020] [Accepted: 07/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent research studies have shown that vitamin C (ascorbic acid) may affect bone mineral density and that a deficiency of ascorbic acid leads to the development of osteoporosis. Patients suffering from an inflammatory bowel disease are at a risk of low bone mineral density. It is vital to notice that patients with Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis also are at risk of vitamin C deficiency which is due to factors such as reduced consumption of fresh vegetables and fruits, i.e., the main sources of ascorbic acid. Additionally, some patients follow diets which may provide an insufficient amount of vitamin C. Moreover, serum vitamin C level also is dependent on genetic factors, such as SLC23A1 and SLC23A2 genes, encoding sodium-dependent vitamin C transporters and GSTM1, GSTP1 and GSTT1 genes which encode glutathione S-transferases. Furthermore, ascorbic acid may modify the composition of gut microbiota which plays a role in the pathogenesis of an inflammatory bowel disease.
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Zhang Y, Zhang Y, Sun K, Meng Z, Chen L. The SLC transporter in nutrient and metabolic sensing, regulation, and drug development. J Mol Cell Biol 2020; 11:1-13. [PMID: 30239845 PMCID: PMC6359923 DOI: 10.1093/jmcb/mjy052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 132] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2018] [Accepted: 09/18/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The prevalence of metabolic diseases is growing worldwide. Accumulating evidence suggests that solute carrier (SLC) transporters contribute to the etiology of various metabolic diseases. Consistent with metabolic characteristics, the top five organs in which SLC transporters are highly expressed are the kidney, brain, liver, gut, and heart. We aim to understand the molecular mechanisms of important SLC transporter-mediated physiological processes and their potentials as drug targets. SLC transporters serve as ‘metabolic gate’ of cells and mediate the transport of a wide range of essential nutrients and metabolites such as glucose, amino acids, vitamins, neurotransmitters, and inorganic/metal ions. Gene-modified animal models have demonstrated that SLC transporters participate in many important physiological functions including nutrient supply, metabolic transformation, energy homeostasis, tissue development, oxidative stress, host defense, and neurological regulation. Furthermore, the human genomic studies have identified that SLC transporters are susceptible or causative genes in various diseases like cancer, metabolic disease, cardiovascular disease, immunological disorders, and neurological dysfunction. Importantly, a number of SLC transporters have been successfully targeted for drug developments. This review will focus on the current understanding of SLCs in regulating physiology, nutrient sensing and uptake, and risk of diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China.,Advanced Biotechnology and Application Research Center, School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, China
| | - Yuping Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Kun Sun
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Ziyi Meng
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Ligong Chen
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
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Rondanelli M, Lamburghini S, Faliva MA, Peroni G, Riva A, Allegrini P, Spadaccini D, Gasparri C, Iannello G, Infantino V, Alalwan TA, Perna S, Miccono A. A food pyramid, based on a review of the emerging literature, for subjects with inflammatory bowel disease. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020; 68:17-46. [PMID: 32499202 DOI: 10.1016/j.endinu.2020.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2019] [Revised: 12/14/2019] [Accepted: 01/08/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Emerging literature suggests that diet plays an important modulatory role in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) through the management of inflammation and oxidative stress. The aim of this narrative review is to evaluate the evidence collected up till now regarding optimum diet therapy for IBD and to design a food pyramid for these patients. The pyramid shows that carbohydrates should be consumed every day (3 portions), together with tolerated fruits and vegetables (5 portions), yogurt (125ml), and extra virgin olive oil; weekly, fish (4 portions), white meat (3 portions), eggs (3 portions), pureed legumes (2 portions), seasoned cheeses (2 portions), and red or processed meats (once a week). At the top of the pyramid, there are two pennants: the red one means that subjects with IBD need some personalized supplementation and the black one means that there are some foods that are banned. The food pyramid makes it easier for patients to decide what they should eat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariangela Rondanelli
- IRCCS Mondino Foundation, Pavia, Department of Public Health, Experimental and Forensic Medicine, Unit of Human and Clinical Nutrition, University of Pavia, Pavia 27100, Italy
| | - Silvia Lamburghini
- University of Pavia, Department of Public Health, Experimental and Forensic Medicine, Section of Human Nutrition, Endocrinology and Nutrition Unit, Azienda di Servizi alla Persona, Pavia 27100, Italy
| | - Milena A Faliva
- University of Pavia, Department of Public Health, Experimental and Forensic Medicine, Section of Human Nutrition, Endocrinology and Nutrition Unit, Azienda di Servizi alla Persona, Pavia 27100, Italy
| | - Gabriella Peroni
- University of Pavia, Department of Public Health, Experimental and Forensic Medicine, Section of Human Nutrition, Endocrinology and Nutrition Unit, Azienda di Servizi alla Persona, Pavia 27100, Italy
| | - Antonella Riva
- Research and Development Unit, Indena, Milan 20146, Italy
| | | | - Daniele Spadaccini
- University of Pavia, Department of Public Health, Experimental and Forensic Medicine, Section of Human Nutrition, Endocrinology and Nutrition Unit, Azienda di Servizi alla Persona, Pavia 27100, Italy
| | - Clara Gasparri
- University of Pavia, Department of Public Health, Experimental and Forensic Medicine, Section of Human Nutrition, Endocrinology and Nutrition Unit, Azienda di Servizi alla Persona, Pavia 27100, Italy
| | - Giancarlo Iannello
- General Management, Azienda di Servizi alla Persona "Istituto Santa Margherita", Pavia 27100, Italy
| | - Vittoria Infantino
- University of Bari Aldo Moro, Department of Biomedical Science and Human Oncology, Section of Human Nutrition, Endocrinology and Nutrition Unit, Azienda di Servizi alla Persona, Pavia 27100, Italy.
| | - Tariq A Alalwan
- Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Bahrain, Sakhir Campus, P.O. Box 32038, Bahrain
| | - Simone Perna
- Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Bahrain, Sakhir Campus, P.O. Box 32038, Bahrain
| | - Alessandra Miccono
- University of Pavia, Department of Public Health, Experimental and Forensic Medicine, Section of Human Nutrition, Endocrinology and Nutrition Unit, Azienda di Servizi alla Persona, Pavia 27100, Italy
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Adherence to the Mediterranean diet is associated with decreased fecal calprotectin in patients with ulcerative colitis after pouch surgery. Eur J Nutr 2019; 59:3183-3190. [PMID: 31813010 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-019-02158-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2019] [Accepted: 11/29/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mediterranean diet (MED) is associated with health benefits, yet scarce data exist regarding the role of MED in inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD). Herein, we aimed to evaluate the association between MED and inflammatory markers in patients with IBD after pouch surgery. METHODS Consecutive patients after pouch surgery due to ulcerative colitis (UC) were recruited at a comprehensive pouch clinic. Adherence to MED was calculated according to MED score, ranging from 0 (low adherence) to 9 (high adherence), based on food-frequency questionnaires. Pouch behavior was defined as normal pouch (NP) or pouchitis based on Pouchitis Disease Activity Index (PDAI) and disease activity was defined as active or inactive. C-reactive protein (CRP) and fecal calprotectin were assessed. RESULTS Overall 153 patients were enrolled (male gender 47%; mean age 46 ± 14 years; mean pouch age 9.5 ± 7 years). MED scores were higher in patients with normal vs. elevated CRP and calprotectin levels (4.6 ± 1.8 vs. 4.4 ± 1.6, p = 0.28; 4.8 ± 1.8 vs. 4.07 ± 1.7, p < 0.05, respectively). In a multivariate regression, MED score was associated with decreased calprotectin levels (OR = 0.74 [0.56-0.99]). Adherence to MED was associated with dietary fiber and antioxidants intake. Finally, in a subgroup of patients with NP followed up for 8 years, higher adherence to MED trended to be inversely associated with the onset of pouchitis (log rank = 0.17). CONCLUSIONS In patients with UC after pouch surgery, adherence to MED is associated with decreased calprotectin levels. Thus, MED may have a role in modifying intestinal inflammation in IBD.
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Subramanian VS, Sabui S, Marchant JS, Said HM. MicroRNA-103a regulates sodium-dependent vitamin C transporter-1 expression in intestinal epithelial cells. J Nutr Biochem 2019; 65:46-53. [PMID: 30616065 PMCID: PMC6420349 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2018.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2018] [Revised: 11/04/2018] [Accepted: 12/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Intestinal absorption of ascorbic acid (AA) occurs via a Na+-dependent carrier-mediated process facilitated through the human sodium-dependent vitamin C transporters-1 &-2 (hSVCT1 and hSVCT2). Many studies have shown that hSVCT1 (product of the SLC23A1 gene) is expressed on the apical membrane of polarized enterocytes where it mediates AA absorption. hSVCT1 expression levels are therefore an important determinant of physiological vitamin C homeostasis. However, little is known about posttranscriptional mechanisms that regulate hSVCT1 expression in intestinal epithelia. In this study, we investigated regulation of hSVCT1 by microRNA (miRNA). A pmirGLO-SLC23A1-3'-UTR construct transfected into human intestinal cell lines (Caco-2 and NCM460 cells) showed markedly reduced luciferase activity. Bioinformatic analysis of the SLC23A1-3'-UTR predicted five miRNA binding sites (miR-103a, miR-107, miR-328, miR-384, and miR-499-5p) in the 3'-UTR. Expression of mature miR-103a was markedly higher compared to the other four putative miRNA regulators in both intestinal cell lines and mouse jejunal mucosa. Addition of a miR-103a mimic, but not a miR-103a mutant construct, markedly reduced the luminescence of the pmirGLO-SLC23A1-3'-UTR reporter. Reciprocally, addition of a miR-103a inhibitor significantly increased luciferase reporter activity. Addition of the miR-103a mimic led to a significant inhibition in AA uptake, associated with decreased hSVCT1 mRNA and protein expression in Caco-2 cells. In contrast, the miR-103a inhibitor increased AA uptake, associated with increased levels of hSVCT1 mRNA and protein. These findings provide the first evidence for posttranscriptional regulation of hSVCT1 by miRNA in intestinal epithelial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veedamali S Subramanian
- Department of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697; Department of Physiology/Biophysics, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697; VA Medical Center, Long Beach, CA 90822.
| | - Subrata Sabui
- Department of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697; Department of Physiology/Biophysics, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697; VA Medical Center, Long Beach, CA 90822
| | - Jonathan S Marchant
- Department of Cell Biology, Neurobiology & Anatomy, Medical College of Wisconsin, WI 53226
| | - Hamid M Said
- Department of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697; Department of Physiology/Biophysics, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697; VA Medical Center, Long Beach, CA 90822
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A screen of Crohn's disease-associated microbial metabolites identifies ascorbate as a novel metabolic inhibitor of activated human T cells. Mucosal Immunol 2019; 12:457-467. [PMID: 29695840 PMCID: PMC6202286 DOI: 10.1038/s41385-018-0022-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2017] [Revised: 01/17/2018] [Accepted: 02/27/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Microbial metabolites are an emerging class of mediators influencing CD4+ T-cell function. To advance the understanding of direct causal microbial factors contributing to Crohn's disease, we screened 139 predicted Crohn's disease-associated microbial metabolites for their bioactivity on human CD4+ T-cell functions induced by disease-associated T helper 17 (Th17) polarizing conditions. We observed 15 metabolites with CD4+ T-cell bioactivity, 3 previously reported, and 12 unprecedented. A deeper investigation of the microbe-derived metabolite, ascorbate, revealed its selective inhibition on activated human CD4+ effector T cells, including IL-17A-, IL-4-, and IFNγ-producing cells. Mechanistic assessment suggested the apoptosis of activated human CD4+ T cells associated with selective inhibition of energy metabolism. These findings suggest a substantial rate of relevant T-cell bioactivity among Crohn's disease-associated microbial metabolites, and evidence for novel modes of bioactivity, including targeting of T-cell energy metabolism.
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Ravindran RD, Sundaresan P, Krishnan T, Vashist P, Maraini G, Saravanan V, Chakravarthy U, Smeeth L, Nitsch D, Young IS, Fletcher AE. Genetic variants in a sodium-dependent vitamin C transporter gene and age-related cataract. Br J Ophthalmol 2018; 103:1223-1227. [PMID: 30442817 PMCID: PMC6709767 DOI: 10.1136/bjophthalmol-2018-312257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2018] [Revised: 10/01/2018] [Accepted: 10/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Background Cataract is a major health burden in many countries and a significant problem in India. While observational studies show lower cataract risk with increasing dietary or plasma vitamin C, randomised controlled trials of supplements have been negative. Genetic variants in vitamin C transporter proteins (SLC23A1), especially rs33972313, may provide evidence on a causal association of vitamin C with cataract. Methods We used data from a randomly selected population-based study in people aged 60 years and above in north and south India. Of 7518 sampled, 5428 (72%) were interviewed for socioeconomic and lifestyle factors, attended hospital for lens imaging and blood collection and were subsequently genotyped for rs33972313 and rs6596473. Mixed or pure types of cataract were graded by the Lens Opacity Classification System III as nuclear (2404), cortical (494) or posterior subcapsular cataract (PSC) (1026); 1462 had no significant cataract and no history of cataract surgery and 775 had bilateral aphakia/pseudophakia. Results rs33972313 was associated with cortical (OR 2.16; 95% CI 1.34 to 3.49, p=0.002) and PSC (OR 1.68; 95% CI 1.06 to 2.65, p=0.03) but not with nuclear cataract. In analyses of pure cataracts, associations were found only between rs33972313 and pure cortical cataracts (OR 2.29; 95% CI 1.12 to 4.65, p=0.03) and with a standardised cortical opacity score. There was no association with rs6596473 and any cataract outcomes. Conclusions Using an established genetic variant as a proxy for lifetime ascorbate concentrations, our results support a causal association of vitamin C with cataract.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Periasamy Sundaresan
- Department of Genetics, Dr.G.Venkataswamy Eye Research Institute, Aravind Medical Research Foundation, Madurai, India
| | | | - Praveen Vashist
- Community Ophthalmology Department, Dr.Rajendra Prasad Centre for Ophthalmic Sciences, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Delhi, India
| | - Giovanni Maraini
- Dipartimento di Scienze Otorino-Odonto-Oftalmologiche e Cervico Facciali, Universitá degli Studi di Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Vijayan Saravanan
- Department of Genetics, Dr.G.Venkataswamy Eye Research Institute, Aravind Medical Research Foundation, Madurai, India
| | | | - Liam Smeeth
- Faculty of Epidemiology & Population Health, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | - Dorothea Nitsch
- Faculty of Epidemiology & Population Health, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | - Ian S Young
- Centre for Public Health, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK
| | - Astrid E Fletcher
- Faculty of Epidemiology & Population Health, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK
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Subramanian VS, Sabui S, Subramenium GA, Marchant JS, Said HM. Tumor necrosis factor alpha reduces intestinal vitamin C uptake: a role for NF-κB-mediated signaling. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 2018; 315:G241-G248. [PMID: 29631379 PMCID: PMC6139644 DOI: 10.1152/ajpgi.00071.2018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Sodium-dependent vitamin C transporter-1 (SVCT-1) is the major transporter mediating intestinal vitamin C uptake. Intestinal inflammation and prolonged infection are associated with increased serum and intestinal mucosa levels of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), which also exerts profound effects on the intestinal absorption process. Elevated levels of TNF-α have been linked to the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and malabsorption of nutrients, and patients with this condition have low levels of vitamin C. To date, little is known about the effect of TNF-α on intestinal absorption of vitamin C. We studied the impact of TNF-α on ascorbic acid (AA) transport using a variety of intestinal preparations. The expression level of human SVCT-1 mRNA is significantly lower in patients with IBD. TNF-α treated Caco-2 cells and mice showed a significant inhibition of intestinal 14C-AA uptake. This inhibition was associated with significant decreases in SVCT-1 protein, mRNA, and heterogeneous nuclear RNA levels in TNF-α treated Caco-2 cells, mouse jejunum, and enteroids. Also, TNF-α caused a significant inhibition in the SLC23A1 promoter activity. Furthermore, treatment of Caco-2 cells with celastrol (NF-κB inhibitor) blocked the inhibitory effect caused by TNF-α on AA uptake, SVCT-1 protein, and mRNA expression, as well as the activity of SLC23A1 promoter. Treatment of TNF-α also led to a significant decrease in the expression of hepatocyte nuclear factor-1-α, which drives the basal activity of SLC23A1 promoter, and this effect was reversed by celastrol. Together, these findings show that TNF-α inhibits intestinal AA uptake, and this effect is mediated, at least in part, at the level of transcription of the SLC23A1 gene via the NF-κB pathway. NEW & NOTEWORTHY Our findings show that tumor necrosis factor-α inhibits intestinal ascorbic acid uptake in both in vitro and in vivo systems, and this inhibitory effect is mediated, at least in part, at the level of transcription of the SLC23A1 (sodium-dependent vitamin C transporter-1) gene via the NF-κB pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veedamali S. Subramanian
- 1Department of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, California,2Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of California, Irvine, California,3Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Long Beach, California
| | - Subrata Sabui
- 1Department of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, California,2Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of California, Irvine, California,3Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Long Beach, California
| | - Ganapathy A. Subramenium
- 1Department of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, California,2Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of California, Irvine, California,3Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Long Beach, California
| | - Jonathan S. Marchant
- 4Department of Cell Biology, Neurobiology and Anatomy, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
| | - Hamid M. Said
- 1Department of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, California,2Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of California, Irvine, California,3Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Long Beach, California
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Eck P. Nutrigenomics of vitamin C absorption and transport. Curr Opin Food Sci 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cofs.2018.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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Abstract
Vitamin C is essential to prevent scurvy in humans and is implicated in the primary prevention of common and complex diseases such as coronary heart disease, stroke, and cancer. This chapter reviews the latest knowledge about dietary vitamin C in human health with an emphasis on studies of the molecular mechanisms of vitamin C maintenance as well as gene-nutrient interactions modifying these relationships. Epidemiological evidence indicates 5% prevalence for vitamin C deficiency and 13% prevalence for suboptimal status even in industrialized countries. The daily intake (dose) and the corresponding systemic concentrations (response) are related in a saturable relationship, and low systemic vitamin C concentrations in observational studies are associated with negative health outcomes. However, there is no evidence that vitamin C supplementation impacts the risks for all-cause mortality, impaired cognitive performance, reduced quality of life, the development of eye diseases, infections, cardiovascular disease, and cancers. This might be related to the fact that prevention would not be realized by supplementation in populations already adequately supplied through dietary sources. Recent genetic association studies indicate that the dietary intake might not be the sole determinant of systemic concentrations, since variations in genes participating in redox homeostasis and vitamin C transport had been associated with lowered plasma concentrations. However, impact sizes are generally low and these phenomena might only affect individual of suboptimal dietary supply.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew Granger
- Department of Food and Human Nutritional Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | - Peter Eck
- Department of Food and Human Nutritional Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada.
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23
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Ferguson LR. Why might the finding of a new genetic association with inflammatory bowel disease be of potential value in disease control? Am J Clin Nutr 2017; 106:1335-1336. [PMID: 29117969 PMCID: PMC5698846 DOI: 10.3945/ajcn.117.169623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Lynnette R Ferguson
- Discipline of Nutrition and Dietetics and Auckland Cancer Society Research Centre, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
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Amir Shaghaghi M, Zhouyao H, Tu H, El-Gabalawy H, Crow GH, Levine M, Bernstein CN, Eck P. The SLC2A14 gene, encoding the novel glucose/dehydroascorbate transporter GLUT14, is associated with inflammatory bowel disease. Am J Clin Nutr 2017; 106:1508-1513. [PMID: 28971850 PMCID: PMC5698836 DOI: 10.3945/ajcn.116.147603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2016] [Accepted: 09/01/2017] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Variations in intestinal antioxidant membrane transporters are implicated in the initiation and progression of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Facilitated glucose transporter member 14 (GLUT14), encoded by the solute carrier family 2 member 14 (SLC2A14) gene, is a putative transporter for dehydroascorbic acid and glucose. Although information on the gene is limited, shorter and longer GLUT14 isoforms have been identified. We hypothesized that GLUT14 mediates glucose and dehydroascorbic acid uptake. If this function could be validated, then genetic variations may associate with IBD.Objective: This study aimed to determine the substrate(s) for the GLUT14 protein and interrogated genetic associations of SLC2A14 with IBD.Design: The uptake of radiolabeled substrates into Xenopus laevis oocytes expressing the 2 GLUT14 isoforms was assessed. Examination of gene-targeted genetic association in the Manitoba Inflammatory Bowel Disease Cohort Study was conducted through the genotyping of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) representing linkage blocks of the SLC2A14 gene.Results: Both GLUT14 isoforms mediated the uptake of dehydroascorbic acid and glucose into X. laevis oocytes. Three alleles in the SLC2A14 gene associated independently with IBD. The odds of having ulcerative colitis (UC) or Crohn disease (CD) were elevated in carriers of the SLC2A14 SNP rs2889504-T allele (OR: 3.60; 95% CI: 1.95, 6.64 and OR: 4.68; 95% CI: 2.78, 8.50, respectively). Similarly, the SNP rs10846086-G allele was associated with an increased risk of both UC and CD (OR: 2.91; 95% CI: 1.49, 5.68 and OR: 3.00; 95% CI: 1.55, 5.78, respectively). Moreover, the SNP rs12815313-T allele associated with increased susceptibility to CD and UC (OR: 2.12; 95% CI: 1.33, 3.36 and OR: 1.61; 95% CI: 1.01, 2.57, respectively).Conclusion: These findings strengthen the hypothesis that genetically determined local dysregulation of dietary vitamin C or antioxidants transport contributes to IBD development. These transporter proteins are targetable by dietary interventions, opening the avenue to a precision intervention for patients of specific genotypes with IBD. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT03262649.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Hongbin Tu
- Molecular and Clinical Nutrition Section, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, MD
| | | | | | - Mark Levine
- Molecular and Clinical Nutrition Section, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, MD
| | - Charles N Bernstein
- Internal Medicine, and,IBD Clinical and Research Centre, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada; and
| | - Peter Eck
- Departments of Human Nutritional Sciences,
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Ma T, Wu S, Yan W, Xie R, Zhou C. A functional variant of ATG16L2 is associated with Crohn's disease in the Chinese population. Colorectal Dis 2016; 18:O420-O426. [PMID: 27611316 DOI: 10.1111/codi.13507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2015] [Accepted: 05/29/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
AIM To determine whether genetic polymorphism of the ATG16L2 gene is functionally associated with the incidence of Crohn's disease (CD) in the Chinese population. METHOD The single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) rs11235604 of the ATG16L2 gene was genotyped in 363 patients with CD and 486 healthy volunteers from the Chinese Han population. The distributions of the genotype and allele frequency were compared between patients and controls by the chi-square test. The mRNA expression of ATG16L2 in T cells was evaluated by real-time PCR. Comparisons of mRNA expression of ATG16L2 between patients and controls and between patients with genotype CC and genotype CT/TT were performed with the Student's t-test. RESULTS Compared with the controls, patients were found to have a significantly higher proportion of genotype TT (5.5% vs 2.5%, P = 0.04). Allele T was the risk allele for the disease (16.3% vs 12.3%, P = 0.02), with an odds ratio of 1.31 (95% CI 1.04-1.67). The ATG16L2 mRNA of the patients was significantly reduced when compared with the controls (0.0044 ± 0.0018 vs 0.0064 ± 0.0023, P < 0.001). Patients with genotype TT/CT had a significant lower level of ATG16L2 mRNA than patients with genotype CC (0.0036 ± 0.0016 vs 0.0053 ± 0.0028, P = 0.005). CONCLUSIONS ATG16L2 is a susceptibility gene for CD in the Chinese population. The rs11235604 SNP is remarkably associated with downregulation of the expression of ATG16L2. Further investigation into the gene's function is warranted for a comprehensive knowledge of the contribution of the variant to the development of CD.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Ma
- Department of Gastroenterology, Huai'an First People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Huai'an, China
| | - S Wu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Huai'an First People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Huai'an, China
| | - W Yan
- Department of Gastroenterology, Huai'an First People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Huai'an, China
| | - R Xie
- Department of Gastroenterology, Huai'an First People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Huai'an, China
| | - C Zhou
- Department of Gastroenterology, Huai'an First People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Huai'an, China.
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Padayatty SJ, Levine M. Vitamin C: the known and the unknown and Goldilocks. Oral Dis 2016; 22:463-93. [PMID: 26808119 PMCID: PMC4959991 DOI: 10.1111/odi.12446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 403] [Impact Index Per Article: 50.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2016] [Accepted: 01/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Vitamin C (Ascorbic Acid), the antiscorbutic vitamin, cannot be synthesized by humans and other primates, and has to be obtained from diet. Ascorbic acid is an electron donor and acts as a cofactor for fifteen mammalian enzymes. Two sodium-dependent transporters are specific for ascorbic acid, and its oxidation product dehydroascorbic acid is transported by glucose transporters. Ascorbic acid is differentially accumulated by most tissues and body fluids. Plasma and tissue vitamin C concentrations are dependent on amount consumed, bioavailability, renal excretion, and utilization. To be biologically meaningful or to be clinically relevant, in vitro and in vivo studies of vitamin C actions have to take into account physiologic concentrations of the vitamin. In this paper, we review vitamin C physiology; the many phenomena involving vitamin C where new knowledge has accrued or where understanding remains limited; raise questions about the vitamin that remain to be answered; and explore lines of investigations that are likely to be fruitful.
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Affiliation(s)
- S J Padayatty
- Molecular and Clinical Nutrition Section, Digestive Diseases Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - M Levine
- Molecular and Clinical Nutrition Section, Digestive Diseases Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
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Shaghaghi MA, Kloss O, Eck P. Genetic Variation in Human Vitamin C Transporter Genes in Common Complex Diseases. Adv Nutr 2016; 7:287-98. [PMID: 26980812 PMCID: PMC4785466 DOI: 10.3945/an.115.009225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Adequate plasma, cellular, and tissue vitamin C concentrations are required for maintaining optimal health through suppression of oxidative stress and optimizing functions of certain enzymes that require vitamin C as a cofactor. Polymorphisms in the vitamin C transporter genes, compromising genes encoding sodium-dependent ascorbate transport proteins, and also genes encoding facilitative transporters of dehydroascorbic acid, are associated with plasma and tissue cellular ascorbate status and hence cellular redox balance. This review summarizes our current knowledge of the links between variations in vitamin C transporter genes and common chronic diseases. We conclude that emerging genetic knowledge has a good likelihood of defining future personalized dietary recommendations and interventions; however, further validations through biological studies as well as controlled dietary trials are required to identify predictive and actionable genetic biomarkers. We further advocate the need to consider genetic variation of vitamin C transporters in future clinical and epidemiologic studies on common complex diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Peter Eck
- Human Nutritional Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada
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28
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Serrano León A, Amir Shaghaghi M, Yurkova N, Bernstein CN, El-Gabalawy H, Eck P. Single-nucleotide polymorphisms in SLC22A23 are associated with ulcerative colitis in a Canadian white cohort. Am J Clin Nutr 2014; 100:289-94. [PMID: 24740203 DOI: 10.3945/ajcn.113.080549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND SLC22A23 is an orphan gene in the SLC22 family of organic membrane transporters, and its single-nucleotide polymorphism rs17309827-T was recently nominally associated with intestinal inflammation in a genome-wide association study. Other polymorphisms in the SLC22A23 gene have been associated with diseases with an inflammatory component, and polymorphisms in related genes in the SLC22 family have been repeatedly associated with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). OBJECTIVE In a candidate-gene study using a well-phenotyped, highly monitored, Manitoban white cohort, we investigated whether variations in SLC22A23 were associated with intestinal inflammation. DESIGN Selected genetic variations were genotyped by using fluorescent-based assays or a polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis in 160 individuals with Crohn disease, 149 individuals with ulcerative colitis, and 142 healthy control subjects to determine genetic associations. RESULTS Homozygocity for single-nucleotide polymorphisms rs4959235-TT and rs950318-GG was associated with IBD, whereby 6% of patients (18 of 311 cases) carried these genotypes, but they were not seen in healthy controls. CONCLUSION Associations reported in this article add to the emerging evidence that SLC22A23 variants could modify IBD risk. However, the biology of the gene and impact of variations on the gene's functions need to be tested to validate a causative role.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alejandra Serrano León
- From Human Nutritional Sciences and the Richardson Centre for Functional Foods and Nutraceuticals (ASL, MAS, NY, and PE), the University of Manitoba Inflammatory Bowel Disease Clinical and Research Centre (CNB), and the Department of Internal Medicine (CNB and HE-G), University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada
| | - Mandana Amir Shaghaghi
- From Human Nutritional Sciences and the Richardson Centre for Functional Foods and Nutraceuticals (ASL, MAS, NY, and PE), the University of Manitoba Inflammatory Bowel Disease Clinical and Research Centre (CNB), and the Department of Internal Medicine (CNB and HE-G), University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada
| | - Natalia Yurkova
- From Human Nutritional Sciences and the Richardson Centre for Functional Foods and Nutraceuticals (ASL, MAS, NY, and PE), the University of Manitoba Inflammatory Bowel Disease Clinical and Research Centre (CNB), and the Department of Internal Medicine (CNB and HE-G), University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada
| | - Charles N Bernstein
- From Human Nutritional Sciences and the Richardson Centre for Functional Foods and Nutraceuticals (ASL, MAS, NY, and PE), the University of Manitoba Inflammatory Bowel Disease Clinical and Research Centre (CNB), and the Department of Internal Medicine (CNB and HE-G), University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada
| | - Hani El-Gabalawy
- From Human Nutritional Sciences and the Richardson Centre for Functional Foods and Nutraceuticals (ASL, MAS, NY, and PE), the University of Manitoba Inflammatory Bowel Disease Clinical and Research Centre (CNB), and the Department of Internal Medicine (CNB and HE-G), University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada
| | - Peter Eck
- From Human Nutritional Sciences and the Richardson Centre for Functional Foods and Nutraceuticals (ASL, MAS, NY, and PE), the University of Manitoba Inflammatory Bowel Disease Clinical and Research Centre (CNB), and the Department of Internal Medicine (CNB and HE-G), University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada
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