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Maleki Sedgi F, Mohammad Hosseiniazar M, Alizadeh M. The effects of replacing ghee with rapeseed oil on liver steatosis and enzymes, lipid profile, insulin resistance and anthropometric measurements in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: a randomised controlled clinical trial. Br J Nutr 2024; 131:1985-1996. [PMID: 38501177 DOI: 10.1017/s0007114524000564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/20/2024]
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), which is a prevalent hepatic condition worldwide, is expected to develop into the leading reason for end-stage fatty liver in the forthcoming decades. Incorporating rapeseed oil into a balanced diet may be beneficial in improving NAFLD. The goal of this trial was to evaluate the impact of substituting ghee with rapeseed oil on primary outcomes such as fatty liver and liver enzymes, as well as on secondary outcomes including glycaemic variables, lipid profile and anthropometric measurements in individuals with NAFLD. Over 12 weeks, 110 patients (seventy men and forty women; BMI (mean) 28·2 (sd 1·6 kg/m2); mean age 42 (sd 9·6) years), who daily consumed ghee, were assigned to the intervention or control group through random allocation. The intervention group was advised to substitute ghee with rapeseed oil in the same amount. The control group continued the consumption of ghee and was instructed to adhere to a healthy diet. Results showed a significant reduction in the steatosis in the intervention group in comparison with the control group (P < 0·001). However, a significant change in the levels of alanine aminotransferase (–14·4 μg/l), γ-glutamyl transferase (–1·8 μg/l), TAG (–39·7 mg/dl), total cholesterol (–17·2 mg/dl), LDL (–7·5 mg/dl), fasting blood glucose (–7·5 mg/dl), insulin (–3·05 mU/l), Homeostatic Model Assessment for Insulin Resistance (–0·9), Quantitative Insulin-Sensitivity Check Index (+0·01), weight (–4·3 kg), BMI (–0·04 kg/m2), waist (–5·6 cm) and waist:height ratio (–0·04) was seen in the intervention group. The consumption of rapeseed oil instead of ghee caused improvements in liver steatosis and enzymes, glycaemic variables and anthropometric measurements among individuals with NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Maleki Sedgi
- Student Research Committee, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
- Department of Nutrition, School of Medicine, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | | | - Mohammad Alizadeh
- Department of Nutrition, School of Medicine, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
- Food and Beverages Safety Research Center, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
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Bai B, Wen Y, Wang J, Wen F, Yan H, Yuan X, Xie J, Zhang R, Xia Q, Wang G. Fatty Acid Desaturase Bmdesat5, Suppressed in the Salivary Glands by Domestication, is Involved in Regulation of Food Intake in Silkworms. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2024; 72:14177-14190. [PMID: 38875711 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.4c02511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2024]
Abstract
Understanding the evolutionary genetics of food intake regulation in domesticated animals has relevance to evolutionary biology, animal improvement, and obesity treatment. Here, we observed that the fatty acid desaturase gene (Bmdesat5), which regulates food intake, is suppressed in domesticated silkworms, but expressed in the salivary glands of the wild silkworm Bombyx mandarina. The content of its catalytic product, cis-vaccenic acid, was related to the expression levels of Bmdesat5 in the salivary glands of domesticated and wild silkworm strains. These two strains also showed significant differences in food intake. Using orally administering cis-vaccenic acid and transgenic-mediated overexpression, we verified that cis-vaccenic acid functions as a satiation signal, regulating food intake and growth in silkworms. Selection analysis showed that Bmdesat5 experienced selection, especially in the potential promoter, 5'-untranslated, and intron regions. This study highlights the importance of the decrement of satiety in silkworm domestication and provides new insights into the potential involvement of salivary glands in the regulation of satiety in animals, by acting as a supplement to gut-brain nutrient signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingchuan Bai
- Integrative Science Center of Germplasm Creation in Western China (CHONGQING) Science City, Biological Science Research Center, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Yuchan Wen
- Integrative Science Center of Germplasm Creation in Western China (CHONGQING) Science City, Biological Science Research Center, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Integrative Science Center of Germplasm Creation in Western China (CHONGQING) Science City, Biological Science Research Center, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Feng Wen
- Integrative Science Center of Germplasm Creation in Western China (CHONGQING) Science City, Biological Science Research Center, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Hao Yan
- Integrative Science Center of Germplasm Creation in Western China (CHONGQING) Science City, Biological Science Research Center, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Xingli Yuan
- Integrative Science Center of Germplasm Creation in Western China (CHONGQING) Science City, Biological Science Research Center, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Jiatong Xie
- Integrative Science Center of Germplasm Creation in Western China (CHONGQING) Science City, Biological Science Research Center, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Ruihan Zhang
- Integrative Science Center of Germplasm Creation in Western China (CHONGQING) Science City, Biological Science Research Center, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Qingyou Xia
- Integrative Science Center of Germplasm Creation in Western China (CHONGQING) Science City, Biological Science Research Center, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Genhong Wang
- Integrative Science Center of Germplasm Creation in Western China (CHONGQING) Science City, Biological Science Research Center, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
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Lopes MCODS, Kaippert VC, Crovesy L, de Carvalho DP, Rosado EL. Monounsaturated fat-rich diet reduces body adiposity in women with obesity, but does not influence energy expenditure and substrate oxidation: a parallel randomized controlled clinical trial. Eur J Clin Nutr 2024; 78:335-343. [PMID: 38216647 DOI: 10.1038/s41430-024-01401-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Revised: 12/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 01/14/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Obesity is an important and growing health problem whose treatment involves dietary changes. In this context, studying the role of macronutrients in weight loss is required in order to understand which strategies may be applied for weight loss. We aimed to evaluate the effects of diets rich in polyunsaturated (PUFAs) and monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs) on resting energy expenditure (REE), substrate oxidation, and weight loss in women with obesity. METHODS Randomized, controlled, single blind, parallel-group clinical trial was conducted for 60 days. Participants (n = 32) were divided into three groups: G1= normocaloric PUFAs-rich diet (12% of total energy expenditure (TEE), 10% of n-6 and up to 2% of n-3); G2= normocaloric MUFAs-rich diet (15-20% TEE); and G3= maintenance of the usual diet. Anthropometric and metabolic variables (REE and substrate oxidation by indirect calorimetry) were evaluated. RESULTS G2 decreased body weight (-1.92 ± 1.99 kg, P = 0.02), body mass index (BMI) (-0.69 ± 0.70 kg/m2; P = 0.02), waist circumference (WC) (-1.91 ± 1.82 cm; P = 0.02), and body fat (-1.14 ± 1.53 kg; P = 0.04). CONCLUSION MUFAs-rich diet reduces body weight, BMI, body fat, and WC. CLINICAL TRIALS NCT02656940. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION Clinical Trials: NCT02656940.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcelly Cunha Oliveira Dos Santos Lopes
- Laboratory of Nutritional Assessment, Institute of Nutrition Josué de Castro, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, 373 Carlos Chagas Filho Avenue, Sector J, 2nd floor, University City, Rio de Janeiro, 21941-902, Brazil.
| | - Vanessa Chaia Kaippert
- Laboratory of Nutritional Assessment, Institute of Nutrition Josué de Castro, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, 373 Carlos Chagas Filho Avenue, Sector J, 2nd floor, University City, Rio de Janeiro, 21941-902, Brazil
| | - Louise Crovesy
- Nutrition and Dietetics Department, Institute of Nutrition Josué de Castro, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, 373 Carlos Chagas Filho Avenue, Sector J, 2nd floor, University City, Rio de Janeiro, 21941-902, Brazil
| | - Denise Pires de Carvalho
- Laboratory of Endocrine Physiology Doris Rosenthal, Institute of Biophysics Carlos Chagas Filho, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, 373 Carlos Chagas Filho Avenue, Sector G, University City, Rio de Janeiro, 21941-902, Brazil
| | - Eliane Lopes Rosado
- Nutrition and Dietetics Department, Institute of Nutrition Josué de Castro, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, 373 Carlos Chagas Filho Avenue, Sector J, 2nd floor, University City, Rio de Janeiro, 21941-902, Brazil
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Kim HC, Yang E, Lee S, Oh J, Lee M, Lee C, Ha KS, Lee WS, Jang IJ, Yu KS. Effects of food and ethnicity on the pharmacokinetics of venadaparib, a next-generation PARP inhibitor, in healthy Korean, Caucasian, and Chinese male subjects. Invest New Drugs 2024; 42:80-88. [PMID: 38099989 PMCID: PMC10891214 DOI: 10.1007/s10637-023-01405-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2024]
Abstract
AIM Venadaparib is a next-generation poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibitor under development for treating gastric cancer. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of food and ethnicity on the pharmacokinetics (PKs) and safety of venadaparib after a single oral administration in healthy Korean, Caucasian, and Chinese male subjects. METHODS In this randomized, open-label, single-dose, two-sequence, two-period, and crossover study, Korean and Caucasian subjects received venadaparib 80 mg in each period (fasted or fed state) with a seven-day washout. In an open-label, single-dose study, Chinese subjects received venadaparib 80 mg only in the fasted state. Serial blood samples were collected up to 72 h post-dosing. RESULTS Twelve subjects from each ethnic group completed the study. The geometric mean ratios (90% confidence intervals) of the maximum plasma concentration (Cmax) and area under the plasma concentration-time curve from time zero to the last measurable time point (AUClast) of venadaparib for the fed to fasted state were 0.82 (0.7457-0.9094) and 1.02 (0.9088-1.1339) in Koreans, and 0.77 (0.6871-0.8609) and 0.96 (0.9017-1.0186) in Caucasians, respectively. No statistically significant differences were observed in Cmax (P-value = 0.45) or AUClast (P-value = 0.30) among the three ethnic groups. A single venadaparib dose was well-tolerated. CONCLUSION The overall systemic exposure of venadaparib was not affected by the high-fat meal, despite delayed absorption with a decreased Cmax in the fed state. The PK profiles were comparable among the Korean, Caucasian, and Chinese subjects. A single venadaparib 80 mg dose was safe and well-tolerated in both fasted and fed states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun Chul Kim
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Seoul National University College of Medicine and Hospital, 101, Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea
- Integrated Major in Innovative Medical Science, Seoul National University Graduate School, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Eunsol Yang
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Seoul National University College of Medicine and Hospital, 101, Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea
- Department of Bioengineering and Therapeutic Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States of America
| | - Soyoung Lee
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Seoul National University College of Medicine and Hospital, 101, Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea
- Kidney Research Institute, Seoul National University Medical Research Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaeseong Oh
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Seoul National University College of Medicine and Hospital, 101, Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea
- Department of Pharmacology, Jeju National University College of Medicine, Jeju, Republic of Korea
| | | | | | | | | | - In-Jin Jang
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Seoul National University College of Medicine and Hospital, 101, Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung-Sang Yu
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Seoul National University College of Medicine and Hospital, 101, Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea.
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Migdanis A, Koukoulis GD, Chougias D, Migdanis I, Armeni E, Kanellakis S, Manouras A, Kapsoritakis A, Potamianos S. The Effect of Fat Supplementation on the Appearance of Symptoms Associated With Dumping Syndrome in Patients Having Undergone Gastric Surgery: Preliminary Results. Cureus 2023; 15:e48871. [PMID: 38106774 PMCID: PMC10724605 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.48871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES Data on the effect of dietary fat on dumping syndrome (DS) symptoms are limited. The aim of this study was to assess the effect of the addition of fat to a carbohydrate meal on the appearance of DS symptoms and glycemic response, in patients who had undergone gastric surgery. SUBJECTS/METHODS This was an interventional crossover study. Patients scheduled for gastric surgical procedures related to DS at two surgical units of two public hospitals (General University Hospital of Larissa and General Hospital of Larissa) were considered for study inclusion. Patients presenting symptoms suggestive of diagnosis (n = 12), after the ingestion of a carbohydrate meal, were used as both intervention and control groups. During the intervention process, a fat supplement was added to the carbohydrate meal that was previously used for diagnosis. Glycemic response and the amount and intensity of DS symptoms provoked by the two meals were assessed at both appointments. RESULTS Blood glucose levels were significantly lower in the group that consumed the added fat meal compared with the group that consumed the carbohydrate meal 60 minutes after ingestion (p = 0.028). Furthermore, a significant reduction was noted in the amount of late dumping symptoms (p = 0.021) and the intensity of both early and late dumping symptoms (p = 0.007 and p = 0.012 respectively), after fat addition. Conclusions: Incorporating fat into a carbohydrate meal seems to attenuate postprandial blood glucose rises and reduce the amount and intensity of DS symptoms, in patients who had undergone gastric surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Athanasios Migdanis
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, Larissa, GRC
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, University of Thessaly, Trikala, GRC
| | | | - Dimitrios Chougias
- Department of Gastroenterology, General University Hospital of Larissa, Larissa, GRC
| | - Ioannis Migdanis
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, Larissa, GRC
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, University of Thessaly, Trikala, GRC
| | - Eleni Armeni
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, Larissa, GRC
| | - Spyridon Kanellakis
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Harokopio University of Athens, Athens, GRC
| | | | - Andreas Kapsoritakis
- Department of Gastroenterology, General University Hospital of Larissa, Larissa, GRC
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, Larissa, GRC
| | - Spyridon Potamianos
- Department of Gastroenterology, General University Hospital of Larissa, Larissa, GRC
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, Larissa, GRC
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Guldemir HH, Buyukuslu N, Yigit P, Cakici C, Ozdemir EM. Effects of omega fatty acids on the short-term postprandial satiety related peptides in rats. INT J VITAM NUTR RES 2023; 93:401-409. [PMID: 34986656 DOI: 10.1024/0300-9831/a000743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
We aimed to assess the effects of omega fatty acids on time depending on responses of satiety hormones. Sixty adult rats were randomly divided into 4 groups; linoleic acid (LA), α-linolenic acid (ALA), eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) groups. For each fatty acid, the dose of 400 mg/kg was applied by oral gavage. Blood samples were taken after the 15, 30, 60 and 120 minutes. Ghrelin, cholecystokinin (CCK), glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1), peptide YY (PYY), leptin and insulin hormones were analyzed by ELISA. We observed the significant increases (p<0.05) of the levels of CCK between n-3 (ALA, at 60th min; EPA, at 30th and 60th min and DHA, at 60 min) and n-6 (LA) supplemented rats. The highest GLP-1 levels were in ALA (0.70 ng/mL) and DHA (0.67 ng/mL) supplemented groups at 60th and 120th min indicating n-3 fatty acids efficiency on satiety compared to LA. It seems that ALA at 60th min and EPA at 120th min could provide the highest satiety effect with the highest insulin response, while the efficiency of LA supplementation on insulin-induced satiety diminished. The only significant change in AUC values among all hormones was in the CCK of the ALA group (p=0.004). The level of leptin increased in DHA and EPA supplemented rats (p=0.140). Our results showed that dietary omega fatty acids influenced the releasing of hormones in different ways possibly depending on chain length or saturation degree. Comprehensive studies need to be addressed for each fatty acid on satiety-related peptide hormones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hilal Hizli Guldemir
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Anadolu University, Eskisehir, Turkey
| | - Nihal Buyukuslu
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Istanbul Medipol University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Pakize Yigit
- Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul Medipol University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Cagri Cakici
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul Medipol University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ekrem Musa Ozdemir
- Medical Research Center (MEDITAM), Research Institute for Health Sciences and Technologies (SABITA), Istanbul Medipol University, Istanbul, Turkey
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Olga L, Vervoort J, van Diepen JA, Gross G, Petry CJ, Prentice PM, Chichlowski M, van Tol EAF, Hughes IA, Dunger DB, Ong KK. Associations between breast milk intake volume, macronutrient intake and infant growth in a longitudinal birth cohort: the Cambridge Baby Growth and Breastfeeding Study (CBGS-BF). Br J Nutr 2023; 130:56-64. [PMID: 36259139 PMCID: PMC10244014 DOI: 10.1017/s0007114522003178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2022] [Revised: 09/14/2022] [Accepted: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 02/16/2023]
Abstract
Growth patterns of breastfed infants show substantial inter-individual differences, partly influenced by breast milk (BM) nutritional composition. However, BM nutritional composition does not accurately indicate BM nutrient intakes. This study aimed to examine the associations between both BM intake volumes and macronutrient intakes with infant growth. Mother-infant dyads (n 94) were recruited into the Cambridge Baby Growth and Breastfeeding Study (CBGS-BF) from a single maternity hospital at birth; all infants received exclusive breast-feeding (EBF) for at least 6 weeks. Infant weight, length and skinfolds thicknesses (adiposity) were repeatedly measured from birth to 12 months. Post-feed BM samples were collected at 6 weeks to measure TAG (fat), lactose (carbohydrate) (both by 1H-NMR) and protein concentrations (Dumas method). BM intake volume was estimated from seventy infants between 4 and 6 weeks using dose-to-the-mother deuterium oxide (2H2O) turnover. In the full cohort and among sixty infants who received EBF for 3+ months, higher BM intake at 6 weeks was associated with initial faster growth between 0 and 6 weeks (β + se 3·58 + 0·47 for weight and 4·53 + 0·6 for adiposity gains, both P < 0·0001) but subsequent slower growth between 3 and 12 months (β + se - 2·27 + 0·7 for weight and -2·65 + 0·69 for adiposity gains, both P < 0·005). BM carbohydrate and protein intakes at 4-6 weeks were positively associated with early (0-6 weeks) but tended to be negatively related with later (3-12 months) adiposity gains, while BM fat intake showed no association, suggesting that carbohydrate and protein intakes may have more functional relevance to later infant growth and adiposity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laurentya Olga
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Jacques Vervoort
- Department of Agrotechnology and Food Sciences, Wageningen University, Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - Janna A. van Diepen
- Medical and Scientific Affairs, Reckitt/Mead Johnson Nutrition Institute, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Evansville, IN, USA
| | - Gabriele Gross
- Medical and Scientific Affairs, Reckitt/Mead Johnson Nutrition Institute, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Evansville, IN, USA
| | - Clive J. Petry
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | | | - Maciej Chichlowski
- Medical and Scientific Affairs, Reckitt/Mead Johnson Nutrition Institute, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Evansville, IN, USA
| | - Eric A. F. van Tol
- Medical and Scientific Affairs, Reckitt/Mead Johnson Nutrition Institute, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Evansville, IN, USA
| | - Ieuan A. Hughes
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - David B. Dunger
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Ken K. Ong
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, Wellcome Trust-MRC Institute of Metabolic Science, NIHR Cambridge Comprehensive Biomedical Research Centre, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK
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Prater MC, Scheurell AR, Paton CM, Cooper JA. Hunger and satiety responses to diets enriched with cottonseed oil vs. olive oil. Physiol Behav 2023; 259:114041. [PMID: 36427543 DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2022.114041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2022] [Revised: 11/17/2022] [Accepted: 11/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Studies suggest that the type of dietary fat consumed habitually may modulate appetite and further influence weight management. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the impact of an 8-week diet intervention enriched with either cottonseed oil (CSO; polyunsaturated fat-rich) or olive oil (OO; monounsaturated fat-rich) on appetite responses in adults with high cholesterol. This was a parallel design, randomized partial outpatient feeding trial designed to provide approximately 60% of participants daily energy needs with ∼30% of energy needs as CSO (n = 21, BMI 27.3 ± 0.92 kg/m2, age 53 ± 2y) or OO (n = 21, BMI 27.6 ± 1.20 kg/m2, age 54 ± 2y). A high saturated fat meal challenge was completed at pre- and post-intervention visits with 5 h postprandial blood draws and visual analog scales (VAS) for cholecystokinin (CCK), peptide YY (PYY), ghrelin, and subjective appetite, respectively. Participants also completed VAS questionnaires hourly and recorded dietary intake after leaving the lab for the remainder of the day. There was a greater increase in fasting CCK (CSO: 0.54 ± 0.03 to 0.56 ± 0.04; OO: 0.63 ± 0.07 to 0.60 ± 0.06 ng/ml p = 0.05), a greater suppression of postprandial ghrelin (p < 0.01), and a greater increase in postprandial VAS fullness (p = 0.04) in CSO compared to OO. Additionally, there was a greater decrease in self-reported energy intake in CSO compared to OO (CSO: 2464 ± 123 to 2115 ± 123; OO: 2263 ± 147 to 2,434 ± 184 kcal/d p = 0.02). Only postprandial VAS prospective consumption showed greater suppression (p = 0.03) in OO vs. CSO. Altogether, these data show that CSO has a greater effect on appetite suppression than OO diet enrichment and may be beneficial for weight maintenance, especially in a population at-risk for chronic disease. Registered at clinicaltrials.gov: NCT04397055.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Catherine Prater
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, United States of America
| | - Alexis R Scheurell
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, United States of America
| | - Chad M Paton
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, United States of America; Department of Food Science and Technology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, United States of America
| | - Jamie A Cooper
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, United States of America.
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Rakha A, Mehak F, Shabbir MA, Arslan M, Ranjha MMAN, Ahmed W, Socol CT, Rusu AV, Hassoun A, Aadil RM. Insights into the constellating drivers of satiety impacting dietary patterns and lifestyle. Front Nutr 2022; 9:1002619. [PMID: 36225863 PMCID: PMC9549911 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.1002619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Food intake and body weight regulation are of special interest for meeting today's lifestyle essential requirements. Since balanced energy intake and expenditure are crucial for healthy living, high levels of energy intake are associated with obesity. Hence, regulation of energy intake occurs through short- and long-term signals as complex central and peripheral physiological signals control food intake. This work aims to explore and compile the main factors influencing satiating efficiency of foods by updating recent knowledge to point out new perspectives on the potential drivers of satiety interfering with food intake regulation. Human internal factors such as genetics, gender, age, nutritional status, gastrointestinal satiety signals, gut enzymes, gastric emptying rate, gut microbiota, individual behavioral response to foods, sleep and circadian rhythms are likely to be important in determining satiety. Besides, the external factors (environmental and behavioral) impacting satiety efficiency are highlighted. Based on mechanisms related to food consumption and dietary patterns several physical, physiological, and psychological factors affect satiety or satiation. A complex network of endocrine and neuroendocrine mechanisms controls the satiety pathways. In response to food intake and other behavioral cues, gut signals enable endocrine systems to target the brain. Intestinal and gastric signals interact with neural pathways in the central nervous system to halt eating or induce satiety. Moreover, complex food composition and structures result in considerable variation in satiety responses for different food groups. A better understanding of foods and factors impacting the efficiency of satiety could be helpful in making smart food choices and dietary recommendations for a healthy lifestyle based on updated scientific evidence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Allah Rakha
- National Institute of Food Science and Technology, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Fakiha Mehak
- National Institute of Food Science and Technology, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Asim Shabbir
- National Institute of Food Science and Technology, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
- *Correspondence: Muhammad Asim Shabbir
| | - Muhammad Arslan
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | | | - Waqar Ahmed
- National Institute of Food Science and Technology, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | | | - Alexandru Vasile Rusu
- Life Science Institute, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
- Faculty of Animal Science and Biotechnology, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
- Alexandru Vasile Rusu
| | - Abdo Hassoun
- Univ. Littoral Côte d'Opale, UMRt 1158 BioEcoAgro, USC ANSES, INRAe, Univ. Artois, Univ. Lille, Univ. Picardie Jules Verne, Univ. Liège, Junia, F-62200, Boulogne-sur-Mer, France
- Sustainable AgriFoodtech Innovation & Research (SAFIR), Arras, France
| | - Rana Muhammad Aadil
- National Institute of Food Science and Technology, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
- Rana Muhammad Aadil
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10
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Sugii S, Wong CYQ, Lwin AKO, Chew LJM. Alternative fat: redefining adipocytes for biomanufacturing cultivated meat. Trends Biotechnol 2022; 41:686-700. [PMID: 36117023 DOI: 10.1016/j.tibtech.2022.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Revised: 08/03/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Cellular agriculture provides a potentially sustainable way of producing cultivated meat as an alternative protein source. In addition to muscle and connective tissue, fat is an important component of animal meat that contributes to taste, texture, tenderness, and nutritional profiles. However, while the biology of fat cells (adipocytes) is well studied, there is a lack of investigation on how adipocytes from agricultural species are isolated, produced, and incorporated as food constituents. Recently we compiled all protocols related to generation and analysis of adipose progenitors from bovine, porcine, chicken, other livestock and seafood species. In this review we summarize recent developments and present key scientific questions and challenges that need to be addressed in order to advance the biomanufacture of 'alternative fat'.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shigeki Sugii
- Bioengineering Systems Division, Institute of Bioengineering and Bioimaging (IBB), A*STAR, 31 Biopolis Way #07-01, Singapore 138669; Current address: Cell Biology and Therapies Division, Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology (IMCB), A*STAR, 61 Biopolis Drive #07-04 Proteos, Singapore 138673; Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disorders Program, Duke-NUS Medical School, 8 College Road, Singapore 169857.
| | - Cheryl Yeh Qi Wong
- Bioengineering Systems Division, Institute of Bioengineering and Bioimaging (IBB), A*STAR, 31 Biopolis Way #07-01, Singapore 138669; Current address: Cell Biology and Therapies Division, Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology (IMCB), A*STAR, 61 Biopolis Drive #07-04 Proteos, Singapore 138673
| | - Angela Khin Oo Lwin
- Bioengineering Systems Division, Institute of Bioengineering and Bioimaging (IBB), A*STAR, 31 Biopolis Way #07-01, Singapore 138669; Current address: Cell Biology and Therapies Division, Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology (IMCB), A*STAR, 61 Biopolis Drive #07-04 Proteos, Singapore 138673
| | - Lamony Jian Ming Chew
- Bioengineering Systems Division, Institute of Bioengineering and Bioimaging (IBB), A*STAR, 31 Biopolis Way #07-01, Singapore 138669; Current address: Cell Biology and Therapies Division, Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology (IMCB), A*STAR, 61 Biopolis Drive #07-04 Proteos, Singapore 138673
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11
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Parunyakul K, Srisuksai K, Santativongchai P, Pongchairerk U, Ampawong S, Tulayakul P, Fungfuang W. The first study on the effect of crocodile oil from Crocodylus siamensis on hepatic mitochondrial function for energy homeostasis in rats. Vet World 2022; 15:986-997. [PMID: 35698522 PMCID: PMC9178561 DOI: 10.14202/vetworld.2022.986-997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2022] [Accepted: 03/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Aim: Consumption of fatty acids (FA) can alter hepatic energy metabolism and mitochondrial function in the liver. Crocodile oil (CO) is rich in mono-and polyunsaturated FAs, which have natural anti-inflammatory and healing properties. In rat livers, we investigated the effect of CO on mitochondrial function for energy homeostasis. Materials and Methods: Twenty-one male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into three groups at random. Group 1 rats were given sterile water (RO), Group 2 rats were given CO (3% v/w), and Group 3 rats were given palm oil (PO) (3% v/w). For 7 weeks, rats were given sterile water, CO, and PO orally. The researchers looked at body weight, food intake, liver weight, energy intake, blood lipid profiles, and mitochondria-targeted metabolites in the liver. The liver’s histopathology, mitochondrial architecture, and hydrolase domain containing 3 (HDHD3) protein expression in liver mitochondria were studied. Results: Body weight, liver weight, liver index, dietary energy intake, and serum lipid profiles were all unaffected by CO treatment. The CO group consumed significantly less food than the RO group. The CO group also had significantly higher levels of oxaloacetate and malate than the PO group. CO treatment significantly ameliorated hepatic steatosis, as evidenced by a greater decrease in the total surface area of lipid particles than PO treatment. CO administration preserved mitochondrial morphology in the liver by upregulating the energetic maintenance protein HDHD3. Furthermore, chemical-protein interactions revealed that HDHD3 was linked to the energy homeostatic pathway. Conclusion: CO may benefit liver function by preserving hepatic mitochondrial architecture and increasing energy metabolic activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kongphop Parunyakul
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Krittika Srisuksai
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Pitchaya Santativongchai
- Bio-Veterinary Sciences (International Program), Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Urai Pongchairerk
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Sumate Ampawong
- Department of Tropical Pathology, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Phitsanu Tulayakul
- Department of Veterinary Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kasetsart University, Nakhon Pathom, Thailand
| | - Wirasak Fungfuang
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, Thailand
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12
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Pacheco LS, Bradley RD, Denenberg JO, Anderson CAM, Allison MA. Effects of Different Allotments of Avocados on the Nutritional Status of Families: A Cluster Randomized Controlled Trial. Nutrients 2021; 13:4021. [PMID: 34836276 PMCID: PMC8623192 DOI: 10.3390/nu13114021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2021] [Revised: 10/25/2021] [Accepted: 11/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Avocados are a nutrient-dense plant-food, but limited trial-derived evidence exists about the effects of avocado intake on family nutritional status. We investigated the impact of two levels of avocado allotment, plus a standard nutrition education intervention on the nutritional status of Hispanic/Latino families. Seventy-two families consisting of at least three members of ≥5 years of age and residing in the same home, free of severe chronic disease, not on specific diets, and self-identified of Hispanic heritage, were randomized to one of two levels of avocado allotment (low = 3/week/family or high = 14/week/family) for 6 months plus 12 bi-weekly nutrition education sessions. The primary outcomes included change in a family's total energy and macro- and micronutrient intakes. Primary analysis was intention-to-treat with unpaired, two-sided t-tests to assess mean changes between groups at 6 months. At 6 months, the high avocado allotment group had a significant reduction in energy intake, carbohydrate, animal and vegetable protein, saturated and polyunsaturated fat, calcium, magnesium, sodium, potassium, iron, and vitamin D intakes (all p < 0.05). A high allotment of avocados significantly reduced self-reported energy intake by 29% kcal/family/day, compared to a 3% kcal/family/day reduction in families who received a low allotment. Culturally-appropriate plant-food interventions may alter the nutritional status of at-risk families.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorena S. Pacheco
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, 665 Huntington Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- The Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health and Human Longevity Science, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA; (R.D.B.); (J.O.D.); (C.A.M.A.)
- School of Public Health, San Diego State University, Hardy Tower Room 119, 5500 Campanile Drive, San Diego, CA 92182, USA
| | - Ryan D. Bradley
- The Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health and Human Longevity Science, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA; (R.D.B.); (J.O.D.); (C.A.M.A.)
| | - Julie O. Denenberg
- The Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health and Human Longevity Science, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA; (R.D.B.); (J.O.D.); (C.A.M.A.)
| | - Cheryl A. M. Anderson
- The Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health and Human Longevity Science, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA; (R.D.B.); (J.O.D.); (C.A.M.A.)
| | - Matthew A. Allison
- Department of Family Medicine in the School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA;
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13
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Dietary Fat Chain Length, Saturation, and PUFA Source Acutely Affect Diet-Induced Thermogenesis but Not Satiety in Adults in a Randomized, Crossover Trial. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13082615. [PMID: 34444773 PMCID: PMC8402189 DOI: 10.3390/nu13082615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2021] [Revised: 07/15/2021] [Accepted: 07/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Structural differences in dietary fatty acids modify their rate of oxidation and effect on satiety, endpoints that may influence the development of obesity. This study tests the hypothesis that meals containing fat sources with elevated unsaturated fats will result in greater postprandial energy expenditure, fat oxidation, and satiety than meals containing fats with greater saturation. In a randomized, 5-way crossover design, healthy men and women (n = 23; age: 25.7 ± 6.6 years; BMI: 27.7 ± 3.8 kg/m2) consumed liquid meals containing 30 g of fat from heavy cream (HC), olive oil (OO), sunflower oil (SFO), flaxseed oil (FSO), and fish oil (FO). Energy expenditure and diet-induced thermogenesis (DIT) were determined by metabolic rate over a 240 min postprandial period. Serum concentrations of ghrelin, glucose, insulin, and triacylglycerol (TAG) were assessed. DIT induced by SFO was 5% lower than HC and FO (p = 0.04). Energy expenditure and substrate oxidation did not differ between fat sources. Postprandial TAG concentrations were significantly affected by fat source (p = 0.0001). Varying fat sources by the degree of saturation and PUFA type modified DIT but not satiety responses in normal to obese adult men and women.
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14
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PH van Trijp M, Wilms E, Ríos-Morales M, Masclee AA, Brummer RJ, Witteman BJ, Troost FJ, Hooiveld GJ. Using naso- and oro-intestinal catheters in physiological research for intestinal delivery and sampling in vivo: practical and technical aspects to be considered. Am J Clin Nutr 2021; 114:843-861. [PMID: 34036315 PMCID: PMC8408849 DOI: 10.1093/ajcn/nqab149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2020] [Accepted: 04/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Intestinal catheters have been used for decades in human nutrition, physiology, pharmacokinetics, and gut microbiome research, facilitating the delivery of compounds directly into the intestinal lumen or the aspiration of intestinal fluids in human subjects. Such research provides insights about (local) dynamic metabolic and other intestinal luminal processes, but working with catheters might pose challenges to biomedical researchers and clinicians. Here, we provide an overview of practical and technical aspects of applying naso- and oro-intestinal catheters for delivery of compounds and sampling luminal fluids from the jejunum, ileum, and colon in vivo. The recent literature was extensively reviewed, and combined with experiences and insights we gained through our own clinical trials. We included 60 studies that involved a total of 720 healthy subjects and 42 patients. Most of the studies investigated multiple intestinal regions (24 studies), followed by studies investigating only the jejunum (21 studies), ileum (13 studies), or colon (2 studies). The ileum and colon used to be relatively inaccessible regions in vivo. Custom-made state-of-the-art catheters are available with numerous options for the design, such as multiple lumina, side holes, and inflatable balloons for catheter progression or isolation of intestinal segments. These allow for multiple controlled sampling and compound delivery options in different intestinal regions. Intestinal catheters were often used for delivery (23 studies), sampling (10 studies), or both (27 studies). Sampling speed decreased with increasing distance from the sampling syringe to the specific intestinal segment (i.e., speed highest in duodenum, lowest in ileum/colon). No serious adverse events were reported in the literature, and a dropout rate of around 10% was found for these types of studies. This review is highly relevant for researchers who are active in various research areas and want to expand their research with the use of intestinal catheters in humans in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mara PH van Trijp
- Division of Human Nutrition and Health, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Ellen Wilms
- Division Gastroenterology-Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Melany Ríos-Morales
- Laboratory of Pediatrics, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Ad Am Masclee
- Division Gastroenterology-Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Robert Jan Brummer
- Nutrition-Gut-Brain Interactions Research Centre, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden
| | - Ben Jm Witteman
- Division of Human Nutrition and Health, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands,Hospital Gelderse Vallei, Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Ede, The Netherlands
| | - Freddy J Troost
- Division Gastroenterology-Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands,Food Innovation and Health, Centre for Healthy Eating and Food Innovation, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
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15
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Wilbrink J, Masclee G, Klaassen T, van Avesaat M, Keszthelyi D, Masclee A. Review on the Regional Effects of Gastrointestinal Luminal Stimulation on Appetite and Energy Intake: (Pre)clinical Observations. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13051601. [PMID: 34064724 PMCID: PMC8151500 DOI: 10.3390/nu13051601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2021] [Revised: 04/22/2021] [Accepted: 05/05/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Macronutrients in the gastrointestinal (GI) lumen are able to activate “intestinal brakes”, feedback mechanisms on proximal GI motility and secretion including appetite and energy intake. In this review, we provide a detailed overview of the current evidence with respect to four questions: (1) are regional differences (duodenum, jejunum, ileum) present in the intestinal luminal nutrient modulation of appetite and energy intake? (2) is this “intestinal brake” effect macronutrient specific? (3) is this “intestinal brake” effect maintained during repetitive activation? (4) can the “intestinal brake” effect be activated via non-caloric tastants? Recent evidence indicates that: (1) regional differences exist in the intestinal modulation of appetite and energy intake with a proximal to distal gradient for inhibition of energy intake: ileum and jejunum > duodenum at low but not at high caloric infusion rates. (2) the “intestinal brake” effect on appetite and energy appears not to be macronutrient specific. At equi-caloric amounts, the inhibition on energy intake and appetite is in the same range for fat, protein and carbohydrate. (3) data on repetitive ileal brake activation are scarce because of the need for prolonged intestinal intubation. During repetitive activation of the ileal brake for up to 4 days, no adaptation was observed but overall the inhibitory effect on energy intake was small. (4) the concept of influencing energy intake by intra-intestinal delivery of non-caloric tastants is intriguing. Among tastants, the bitter compounds appear to be more effective in influencing energy intake. Energy intake decreases modestly after post-oral delivery of bitter tastants or a combination of tastants (bitter, sweet and umami). Intestinal brake activation provides an interesting concept for preventive and therapeutic approaches in weight management strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Wilbrink
- Division of Gastroenterology-Hepatology, Maastricht University Medical Center, 6229 HX Maastricht, The Netherlands; (J.W.); (G.M.); (T.K.); (M.v.A.); (D.K.)
| | - Gwen Masclee
- Division of Gastroenterology-Hepatology, Maastricht University Medical Center, 6229 HX Maastricht, The Netherlands; (J.W.); (G.M.); (T.K.); (M.v.A.); (D.K.)
| | - Tim Klaassen
- Division of Gastroenterology-Hepatology, Maastricht University Medical Center, 6229 HX Maastricht, The Netherlands; (J.W.); (G.M.); (T.K.); (M.v.A.); (D.K.)
| | - Mark van Avesaat
- Division of Gastroenterology-Hepatology, Maastricht University Medical Center, 6229 HX Maastricht, The Netherlands; (J.W.); (G.M.); (T.K.); (M.v.A.); (D.K.)
| | - Daniel Keszthelyi
- Division of Gastroenterology-Hepatology, Maastricht University Medical Center, 6229 HX Maastricht, The Netherlands; (J.W.); (G.M.); (T.K.); (M.v.A.); (D.K.)
- NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, 6229 ER Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Adrian Masclee
- Division of Gastroenterology-Hepatology, Maastricht University Medical Center, 6229 HX Maastricht, The Netherlands; (J.W.); (G.M.); (T.K.); (M.v.A.); (D.K.)
- NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, 6229 ER Maastricht, The Netherlands
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +31-43-3875021
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16
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McDougle M, Quinn D, Diepenbroek C, Singh A, de la Serre C, de Lartigue G. Intact vagal gut-brain signalling prevents hyperphagia and excessive weight gain in response to high-fat high-sugar diet. Acta Physiol (Oxf) 2021; 231:e13530. [PMID: 32603548 PMCID: PMC7772266 DOI: 10.1111/apha.13530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2020] [Revised: 06/23/2020] [Accepted: 06/23/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Aim The tools that have been used to assess the function of the vagus nerve lack specificity. This could explain discrepancies about the role of vagal gut‐brain signalling in long‐term control of energy balance. Here we use a validated approach to selectively ablate sensory vagal neurones that innervate the gut to determine the role of vagal gut‐brain signalling in the control of food intake, energy expenditure and glucose homoeostasis in response to different diets. Methods Rat nodose ganglia were injected bilaterally with either the neurotoxin saporin conjugated to the gastrointestinal hormone cholecystokinin (CCK), or unconjugated saporin as a control. Food intake, body weight, glucose tolerance and energy expenditure were measured in both groups in response to chow or high‐fat high‐sugar (HFHS) diet. Willingness to work for fat or sugar was assessed by progressive ratio for orally administered solutions, while post‐ingestive feedback was tested by measuring food intake after an isocaloric lipid or sucrose pre‐load. Results Vagal deafferentation of the gut increases meal number in lean chow‐fed rats. Switching to a HFHS diet exacerbates overeating and body weight gain. The breakpoint for sugar or fat solution did not differ between groups, suggesting that increased palatability may not drive HFHS‐induced hyperphagia. Instead, decreased satiation in response to intra‐gastric infusion of fat, but not sugar, promotes hyperphagia in CCK‐Saporin‐treated rats fed with HFHS diet. Conclusions We conclude that intact sensory vagal neurones prevent hyperphagia and exacerbation of weight gain in response to a HFHS diet by promoting lipid‐mediated satiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Molly McDougle
- Department of Pharmacodynamics University of Florida Gainesville FL USA
- Center for Integrative Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disease University of Florida Gainesville FL USA
- The John B. Pierce Laboratory New Haven CT USA
| | | | - Charlene Diepenbroek
- The John B. Pierce Laboratory New Haven CT USA
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology Yale Medical School New Haven CT USA
| | - Arashdeep Singh
- Department of Pharmacodynamics University of Florida Gainesville FL USA
- Center for Integrative Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disease University of Florida Gainesville FL USA
| | | | - Guillaume de Lartigue
- Department of Pharmacodynamics University of Florida Gainesville FL USA
- Center for Integrative Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disease University of Florida Gainesville FL USA
- The John B. Pierce Laboratory New Haven CT USA
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology Yale Medical School New Haven CT USA
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17
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Circulating Metabolites Associated with Postprandial Satiety in Overweight/Obese Participants: The SATIN Study. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13020549. [PMID: 33567505 PMCID: PMC7916078 DOI: 10.3390/nu13020549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2020] [Revised: 02/02/2021] [Accepted: 02/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Scope: To identify a metabolomic profile related to postprandial satiety sensations involved in appetite control would help for a better understanding of the regulation of food intake. Methods and Results: A cross-sectional analysis of plasma metabolites was conducted over 151 overweight/obese adults from the “Satiety Innovation”-SATIN study, a randomized clinical trial of a 12-week weight-loss maintenance period. Postprandial satiety sensations (3 h-iAUC) were assessed by visual analogue scale (VAS) at the beginning and at the end of the study. Fasting plasma metabolites were profiled using a targeted multiplatform metabolomics approach before each appetite test meal. Associations between 124 metabolites and iAUC-satiety were assessed using elastic net linear regression analyses. The accuracy of the multimetabolite weighted models for iAUC-VAS was evaluated using a 10-fold cross-validation (CV) approach and the Pearson’s correlation coefficients were estimated. Five and three metabolites were selected in the first and the second assessments, respectively. Circulating glycine and linoleic acid concentrations were consistently and positively associated with higher iAUC-satiety in both visits. Sucrose and sphingomyelins (C32:2, C38:1) were negatively associated with iAUC-satiety in the first visit. The Pearson correlations coefficients between the metabolomic profiles and iAUC-satiety in the first and the second appetite assessments were 0.37 and 0.27, respectively. Conclusion: Higher glycine and linoleic acid were moderately but consistently associated with higher postprandial satiety in two different appetite assessments in overweight and obese subjects.
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18
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Graybeal AJ, Meena Shah, Willis JL. Manipulation of fatty acid composition in a high-fat meal does not result in differential alterations in appetite or food intake in normal weight females: A single-blind randomized crossover study. Appetite 2020; 160:105085. [PMID: 33387588 DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2020.105085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2020] [Revised: 12/14/2020] [Accepted: 12/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
A behavioral concept that generates a path to obesity is eating in the absence of hunger (EAH). One strategy that may be effective in preventing EAH is the manipulation of dietary fatty acid (FA) composition. However, it remains unclear which FA has the greatest impact on both appetite and EAH. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to examine the effect of different dietary FA compositions (monounsaturated, MUFA; polyunsaturated, PUFA; saturated, SFA) on subjective ratings of appetite and subsequent ad libitum eating after a 3 h postprandial period. Sixteen apparently healthy normal weight females between ages 18-40 completed this randomized, single-blind, crossover study. Participants consumed a HF meal (65% energy from fat) rich in SFA, MUFA, and PUFA with an energy content corresponding to 35% of their measured resting metabolic rate on three separate occasions. Visual analog scales were collected while fasted and every 30 min for 3 h during a postprandial period to measure feelings of hunger, fullness, and desire to eat (DTE). Participants were provided an ad libitum buffet meal 3 h after the HF meal. There were no statistically significant differences for ratings of hunger, fullness, or DTE across conditions. Further, there was no significant difference in energy intake during the ad libitum lunch. We conclude that the manipulation of FA composition in a HF meal does not differentially affect appetite sensations or subsequent energy intake.
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Affiliation(s)
- Austin J Graybeal
- Department of Kinesiology, Harris College of Nursing & Health Sciences, Texas Christian University, Fort Worth, TX, 76129, USA
| | - Meena Shah
- Department of Kinesiology, Harris College of Nursing & Health Sciences, Texas Christian University, Fort Worth, TX, 76129, USA
| | - Jada L Willis
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, College of Science & Engineering, Texas Christian University, Fort Worth, TX, 76129, USA.
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19
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Cozentino IDSC, Rodrigues MDF, Mazziero VT, Cerri MO, Cavallini DCU, de Paula AV. Enzymatic synthesis of structured lipids from grape seed (Vitis vinifera L.) oil in associated packed bed reactors. Biotechnol Appl Biochem 2020; 69:101-109. [PMID: 33617040 DOI: 10.1002/bab.2085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2020] [Accepted: 11/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Triacylglycerols (TAGs) can be modified to increase the absorption of fatty acids, prevent obesity, and treat fat malabsorption disorders and metabolic diseases. Medium-long-medium (MLM)-type TAGs, which contain medium-chain fatty acids in the sn-1 and sn-3 positions of the glycerol backbone and a long-chain fatty acid in the sn-2 position, show particularly interesting nutritional characteristics. This study aimed to synthesize MLM-type TAGs by enzymatic acidolysis of grape seed oil with medium-chain capric acid (C10:0) in associated packed bed reactors. The reaction was carried out during 120 H, at 45 °C, using lipase from Rhizomucor miehei (Lipozyme® RM IM). The residence time distribution of reagents in the reactor was quantified to evaluate the reactor behavior and to diagnose the existence of preferential paths. The reaction progress was monitored by analyzing TAG composition and, at the steady state (after 48 H of reaction), the incorporation degree achieved a value of 39.91 ± 2.77%. To enhance the capric acid incorporation, an acidolysis reaction in associated packed bed reactors was performed. The results showed a good operational stability of the biocatalyst, revealing values of half-life 209.64 H, 235.63 H of packed bed and associated packed bed reactor, respectively, and a deactivation coefficient 0.0061 H-1.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Marina de Freitas Rodrigues
- Department of Engineering Bioprocesses and Biotechnology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sao Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Vitor Teixeira Mazziero
- Department of Engineering Bioprocesses and Biotechnology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sao Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Marcel Otávio Cerri
- Department of Engineering Bioprocesses and Biotechnology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sao Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Ariela Veloso de Paula
- Department of Engineering Bioprocesses and Biotechnology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sao Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara, Sao Paulo, Brazil
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20
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Different Ratios of Corn and Coconut Oil Blends in High‐Fat Diets Influence Fat Deposition without Altering Metabolic Biomarkers in Male Rats. EUR J LIPID SCI TECH 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ejlt.202000204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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21
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Behrouz V, Yari Z. A review on differential effects of dietary fatty acids on weight, appetite and energy expenditure. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2020; 62:2235-2249. [PMID: 33261509 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2020.1852172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
The association between weight and chronic diseases is well defined. The quality and quantity of dietary fatty acids is an important external factor and appetite and energy expenditure, are important internal factors in determining body weight. On the other hand, dietary fatty acids composition can modulate appetite and energy metabolism, but not all fats are equal in producing metabolic responses.Given the accumulating evidence for differential effects of various dietary fatty acids, one important area of investigation is to scrutinize their roles in weight, appetite and energy expenditure modulation. There is substantial evidence to suggest that saturated fatty acids have a greater effect on appetite control, although in the long run may result in more weight gain than unsaturated fatty acids due to a weaker stimulation of energy expenditure. In contrast, mono-unsaturated fats do not have much effects on appetite control, but they can be beneficial in weight control over the long term due to stimulatory effects on energy expenditure. Interestingly, in case of poly unsaturated fats, including n-3 and n-6, their effect on increasing energy expenditure is aligned, but they act differently in controlling weight and appetite.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vahideh Behrouz
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Gastroenterology and Hepatology Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Zahra Yari
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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22
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Huang Z, Brennan CS, Mohan MS, Stipkovits L, Zheng H, Kulasiri D, Guan W, Zhao H, Liu J. Milk lipid
in vitro
digestibility in wheat, corn and rice starch hydrogels. Int J Food Sci Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1111/ijfs.14607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhiguang Huang
- Department of Wine, Food and Molecular Biosciences Faculty of Agriculture and Life Sciences Lincoln University P.O. Box 85084 Lincoln 7647 Christchurch New Zealand
- Riddet Research Institute Palmerston North 4442 New Zealand
| | - Charles S. Brennan
- Department of Wine, Food and Molecular Biosciences Faculty of Agriculture and Life Sciences Lincoln University P.O. Box 85084 Lincoln 7647 Christchurch New Zealand
- Riddet Research Institute Palmerston North 4442 New Zealand
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Food and Biotechnology School of Biotechnology and Food Science Tianjin University of Commerce Tianjin 300134 China
| | - Maneesha S. Mohan
- Department of Wine, Food and Molecular Biosciences Faculty of Agriculture and Life Sciences Lincoln University P.O. Box 85084 Lincoln 7647 Christchurch New Zealand
| | - Letitia Stipkovits
- Department of Wine, Food and Molecular Biosciences Faculty of Agriculture and Life Sciences Lincoln University P.O. Box 85084 Lincoln 7647 Christchurch New Zealand
| | - Haotian Zheng
- Department of Food, Bioprocessing and Nutrition Sciences Southeast Dairy Foods Research Center Raleigh NC 27695 USA
| | - Don Kulasiri
- Department of Wine, Food and Molecular Biosciences Faculty of Agriculture and Life Sciences Lincoln University P.O. Box 85084 Lincoln 7647 Christchurch New Zealand
| | - Wenqiang Guan
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Food and Biotechnology School of Biotechnology and Food Science Tianjin University of Commerce Tianjin 300134 China
| | - Hui Zhao
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Food and Biotechnology School of Biotechnology and Food Science Tianjin University of Commerce Tianjin 300134 China
| | - Jianfu Liu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Food and Biotechnology School of Biotechnology and Food Science Tianjin University of Commerce Tianjin 300134 China
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Hamad S, Thilakarathna SH, Cuncins A, Brown M, Wright AJ. Emulsion Droplet Crystallinity Attenuates Short-Term Satiety in Healthy Adult Males: A Randomized, Double-Blinded, Crossover, Acute Meal Study. J Nutr 2020; 150:2295-2304. [PMID: 32556204 DOI: 10.1093/jn/nxaa164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2020] [Revised: 04/08/2020] [Accepted: 05/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The influence of triacylglycerol (TAG) physical properties on satiety remains poorly understood. OBJECTIVES The objective was to investigate if and how TAG digestion and absorption, modulated only by differences in TAG crystallinity, would differentially affect short-term satiety in healthy men. METHODS We tempered 500 mL 10% palm stearin oil-in-water emulsions such that the lipid droplets were either undercooled liquid (LE) or partially crystalline solid (SE). Fifteen healthy men (mean ± SD age: 27.5 ± 5.7 y; BMI: 24.1 ± 2.5 kg/m2; fasting TAG: 0.9 ± 0.3 mmol/L) consumed each beverage at two 6-h study visits separated by ≥6 d after an overnight fast, along with 1500 mg acetaminophen suspended in water. The participants characterized the emulsion sensory properties, completed satiety visual analog scale ratings, and had serial blood samples collected for 6-h analysis of plasma peptide YY (PYY), glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1), ghrelin, leptin, glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP), insulin, and acetaminophen (for assessing gastric emptying). Repeated-measures ANOVAs and 2-tailed paired t tests were used to analyze the changes from baseline and incremental area under the curve (iAUC) values, respectively. RESULTS With consumption of LE compared with SE, there was a 358% higher fullness (P = 0.015) and a 103% lower average appetite (P = 0.041) score, along with higher iAUC values for PYY (P = 0.011) and GLP-1 (P = 0.028) (103% and 66% higher, respectively), but not for ghrelin (P = 0.39), based on change from baseline values. Acetaminophen response trended toward significance (P = 0.08) and was 15% higher with LE. SE was rated as 44% thicker (P = 0.034) and 24% creamier (P = 0.05) than LE. CONCLUSIONS The suppression of TAG digestion by the presence of partially crystalline lipid droplets blunted the appetite-suppressing effects of an oil-in-water emulsion.This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT03990246.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samar Hamad
- Department of Human Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
| | - Surangi H Thilakarathna
- Department of Human Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
| | - Amanda Cuncins
- Department of Human Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
| | - Melissa Brown
- Department of Human Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
| | - Amanda J Wright
- Department of Human Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
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Dias CCQ, Madruga MS, Pintado MME, Almeida GHO, Alves APV, Dantas FA, Bezerra JKG, de Melo MFFT, Viera VB, Soares JKB. Cashew nuts (Anacardium occidentale L.) decrease visceral fat, yet augment glucose in dyslipidemic rats. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0225736. [PMID: 31830056 PMCID: PMC6907795 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0225736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2019] [Accepted: 11/11/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The objective of this study was to evaluate the biological effects of roasted Cashew nuts consumption on biochemical and murinometric parameters in dyslipidemic rats receiving lipid supplementation. Young male rats were randomly assigned to three experimental groups (n = 10). The Control group (CONT) was treated with water, the Dyslipidemic group (DL) received a high fat content emulsion throughout the experiment, and the Dyslipidemic Cashew Nuts group (DLCN) received the same high fat content emulsion throughout the experiment, yet was treated with Cashew nuts. Body parameters, biochemical, hepatic and fecal fatty acid profiles were all evaluated. The levels of total cholesterol and triglycerides were higher in the DL and DLCN groups as compared to the control group. DLCN and CONT presented no difference in HDL levels. DLCN presented higher glycemia levels than the other groups. There was reduction of body fat in DLCN as compared to other groups, but with higher accumulations of liver fat. DLCN presented a reduction in saturated hepatic fatty acids of 20.8%, and an increase of 177% in relation to CONT; there was also a 21% in increase DL for ω9 fatty acids in comparison to CONT. As for fecal fatty acids, there was a lower concentration of polysaturates in DLCN as compared to the other groups. The data showed that the consumption of Cashew nuts by the dyslipidemic animals treated with a hyperlipidic diet induced greater accumulations of liver fat and worsened glycemic levels, despite having reduced visceral fats and increased fecal fat excretion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Celina C. Q. Dias
- DEA—Department of Food Engineering, Technology Centre, Federal University of Paraiba, João Pessoa, Paraiba, Brazil
| | - Marta S. Madruga
- DEA—Department of Food Engineering, Technology Centre, Federal University of Paraiba, João Pessoa, Paraiba, Brazil
| | - Maria Manuela E. Pintado
- Universidade Católica Portuguesa, CBQF—Centro de Biotecnologia e Química Fina–Laboratório Associado, Escola Superior de Biotecnologia, Porto, Portugal
| | | | - Ana Paula Vilar Alves
- Department of Nutrition, Center of Education and Health, Federal University of Campina Grande, Cuité, Paraíba, Brazil
| | - Francileide Amaro Dantas
- Department of Nutrition, Center of Education and Health, Federal University of Campina Grande, Cuité, Paraíba, Brazil
| | | | | | - Vanessa Bordin Viera
- Department of Nutrition, Center of Education and Health, Federal University of Campina Grande, Cuité, Paraíba, Brazil
| | - Juliana Késsia B. Soares
- Department of Nutrition, Center of Education and Health, Federal University of Campina Grande, Cuité, Paraíba, Brazil
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25
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Comparison of metabolic and antioxidant responses to a breakfast meal with and without pecans. J Funct Foods 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2019.103559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
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26
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Mo SY, Lai OM, Chew BH, Ismail R, Bakar SA, Jabbar NA, Teng KT. Interesterified palm olein lowers postprandial glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide response in type 2 diabetes. Eur J Nutr 2019; 58:1873-1885. [PMID: 29872922 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-018-1738-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2018] [Accepted: 05/29/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE We aim to investigate the postprandial effects of palm olein (PO) and chemically interesterified palm olein (IPO) with different proportions of palmitic acid at the sn-2 position using high oleic sunflower oil (HOS) as control fat on concentrations of gut hormones, glucose homeostasis, satiety, lipid and inflammatory parameters in type 2 diabetic (T2D) subjects. METHODS Using a randomised double-blind crossover design, 21 (men = 6, women = 15) T2D subjects consumed test meals (3.65 MJ) consisting of a high fat muffin (containing 50 g test fats provided as PO, IPO or HOS) and a milkshake. Postprandial changes in gut hormones, glucose homeostasis, satiety, lipid and inflammatory parameters after meals were analysed. Some of the solid fractions of the IPO were removed and thus the fatty acid composition of the PO and IPO was not entirely equal (PO vs IPO: palmitate 39.8 vs 38.7; oleate 43.6 vs 45.1). PO, IPO and HOS contained 9.7, 38.9 and 0.2 g/100 g total fatty acids of palmitic acid at the sn-2 position, respectively. At 37 °C, IPO contained 4.2% SFC whereas PO and HOS were completely melted. RESULTS Our novel observation shows that the incremental area under curve (iAUC) 0-6 h of plasma GIP concentration was on average 16% lower following IPO meal compared with PO and HOS (P < 0.05) meals. Serum C-peptide concentrations exhibited a significant meal × gender interaction (P = 0.009). No differences between test meals were noted for other measurements. CONCLUSIONS This study shows no adverse effect of interesterification on hormones associated with glucose homeostasis notably GLP-1 in T2D subjects. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov NCT01906359. https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT01906359.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuen-Yeing Mo
- Product Development and Advisory Services, Malaysian Palm Oil Board, Kajang, Selangor, Malaysia
- Department of Bioprocess Engineering, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, UPM Serdang, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Oi-Ming Lai
- Department of Bioprocess Engineering, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, UPM Serdang, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
- Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, UPM Serdang, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Boon-How Chew
- Department of Family Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, UPM Serdang, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Ruhaini Ismail
- Sepang District Health Office, Selangor State Health Department, Sepang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Sallehudin Abu Bakar
- Hulu Langat District Health Office, Selangor State Health Department, Kajang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Norli Abdul Jabbar
- Non-communicable Diseases Unit, Selangor State Health Department, Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Kim-Tiu Teng
- Product Development and Advisory Services, Malaysian Palm Oil Board, Kajang, Selangor, Malaysia.
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27
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Raeisi-Dehkordi H, Amiri M, Humphries KH, Salehi-Abargouei A. The Effect of Canola Oil on Body Weight and Composition: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Clinical Trials. Adv Nutr 2019; 10:419-432. [PMID: 30809634 PMCID: PMC6520036 DOI: 10.1093/advances/nmy108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2018] [Revised: 08/14/2018] [Accepted: 10/31/2018] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
A number of clinical trials have examined the effect of canola oil (CO) on body composition in recent years; however, the results have been inconsistent. The present investigation aims to examine the effect of CO on body weight (BW) and body composition using a systematic review and meta-analysis of controlled clinical trials. Online databases including PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar were searched up to February, 2018 for randomized controlled clinical trials that examined the effect of CO on anthropometric measures and body composition indexes in adults. The Cochrane Collaboration's tool was used to assess the risk of bias in individual studies. A random-effects model was used to evaluate the effect of CO consumption on several outcomes: BW, body mass index, waist circumference, hip circumference, waist-to-hip ratio, android-to-gynoid ratio, and body lean and fat mass. In total, 25 studies were included in the systematic review. The meta-analysis revealed that CO consumption reduces BW [weighted mean difference (WMD) = -0.30 kg; 95% CI: -0.52, -0.08 kg, P = 0.007; n = 23 effect sizes], particularly in participants with type 2 diabetes (WMD = -0.63 kg; 95% CI: -1.09, -0.17 kg, P = 0.007), in studies with a parallel design (WMD = -0.49 kg; 95% CI: -0.85, -0.14 kg, P = 0.006), in nonfeeding trials (WMD = -0.32 kg; 95% CI: -0.55, -0.09 kg, P = 0.006), and when compared with saturated fat (WMD = -0.40 kg; 95% CI: -0.74, -0.06 kg, P = 0.019). CO consumption did not significantly affect any other anthropometric measures or body fat markers (P > 0.05). Although CO consumption results in a modest decrease in BW, no significant effect was observed on other adiposity indexes. Further well-constructed clinical trials that target BW and body composition as their primary outcomes are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamidreza Raeisi-Dehkordi
- Nutrition and Food Security Research Center
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Mojgan Amiri
- Nutrition and Food Security Research Center
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Karin H Humphries
- Division of Cardiology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Amin Salehi-Abargouei
- Nutrition and Food Security Research Center
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
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28
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Polley KR, Kamal F, Paton CM, Cooper JA. Appetite responses to high-fat diets rich in mono-unsaturated versus poly-unsaturated fats. Appetite 2019; 134:172-181. [DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2018.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2018] [Revised: 12/04/2018] [Accepted: 12/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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29
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Encapsulation of lipids as emulsion-alginate beads reduces food intake: a randomized placebo-controlled cross-over human trial in overweight adults. Nutr Res 2019; 63:86-94. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nutres.2018.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2018] [Revised: 10/03/2018] [Accepted: 12/05/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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30
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Do DT, Singh J, Oey I, Singh H. Biomimetic plant foods: Structural design and functionality. Trends Food Sci Technol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2018.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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31
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Akhlaghi M, Ghobadi S, Zare M, Foshati S. Effect of nuts on energy intake, hunger, and fullness, a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2018; 60:84-93. [PMID: 30422677 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2018.1514486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Despite high energy content, nut consumption has not been associated with weight gain in epidemiological and clinical investigations. Since a satiety effect a decreased sense of hunger in the following meals has been proposed as the mechanism of nuts against obesity, the present meta-analysis was performed to examine how nut consumption affects "energy intake", "hunger", and "fullness". "Weight" was not included among the search terms but weight data were extracted from the collected articles in order to help interpreting the results. A total of 1048 trials were found, of which 31 passed the eligibility process. Daily energy intake was mostly assessed by 3-day food records, and hunger and fullness were estimated by visual analog scale (VAS). Nut consumption was associated with increased energy intake (mean difference (MD) (nuts - control) = 76.3 kcal; 95% CI: 22.7, 130 kcal; P = 0.005). In contrast, hunger suppressed following nut consumption (MD = -6.54 mm VAS; 95% CI: -12.7, -0.42 mm VAS; P = 0.03). Nuts did not affect sense of fullness and weight in the overall estimate. Subgroup analysis based on participants' BMI revealed that energy intake of overweight/obese individuals was increased following nut consumption while such effect was not observed in normal weight participants. In conclusion, pooled estimates of available clinical trials showed increased energy intake following nut consumption in overweight/obese individuals but not in persons with normal weight. Nut consumption was associated with decreased hunger but no effect was observed on fullness and weight.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masoumeh Akhlaghi
- Nutrition Research Center, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Saeed Ghobadi
- Student Research Committee, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Morteza Zare
- Neuroscience Research Center, Institute of Neuropharmacology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Sahar Foshati
- Department of Clinical Nutrition School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
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Wolfer TL, Acevedo NC, Prusa KJ, Sebranek JG, Tarté R. Replacement of pork fat in frankfurter-type sausages by soybean oil oleogels structured with rice bran wax. Meat Sci 2018; 145:352-362. [PMID: 30031201 DOI: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2018.07.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2018] [Revised: 07/09/2018] [Accepted: 07/10/2018] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to assess the impact of replacing pork backfat with rice bran wax oleogels on the organoleptic properties of frankfurter-type finely-comminuted sausages. Frankfurters were formulated using the following treatments as lipid replacement: 1) pork fat (PF); 2) soybean oil (SBO); 3) 2.5% rice bran wax oleogel (2.5 RBW); 4) 10% rice bran wax oleogel (10 RBW); and 5) 2.5% rice bran wax oleogel sheared less during frankfurter production (RBW/LS). In general, control PF was darker and redder than other treatments. TPA revealed oleogel treatments to be similar (P > .05) to pork fat treatment for firmness, chewiness, and springiness. Additionally, sensory evaluation revealed that replacing pork fat did not influence cured frankfurter aroma, but cured frankfurter flavor was significantly reduced (P < .05). Furthermore, lipid oxidation significantly (P < .05) differed between PF and 10 RBW. The results show that rice bran wax oleogels have the potential to successfully replace pork fat in comminuted products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taylor L Wolfer
- Department of Animal Science, 215 Meats Laboratory, 914 Stange Rd., Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011-1001, USA.
| | - Nuria C Acevedo
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, 2312 Food Sciences Building, 536 Farm House Lane, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011-1057, USA.
| | - Kenneth J Prusa
- Department of Animal Science, 215 Meats Laboratory, 914 Stange Rd., Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011-1001, USA; Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, 2312 Food Sciences Building, 536 Farm House Lane, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011-1057, USA.
| | - Joseph G Sebranek
- Department of Animal Science, 215 Meats Laboratory, 914 Stange Rd., Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011-1001, USA; Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, 2312 Food Sciences Building, 536 Farm House Lane, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011-1057, USA.
| | - Rodrigo Tarté
- Department of Animal Science, 215 Meats Laboratory, 914 Stange Rd., Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011-1001, USA; Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, 2312 Food Sciences Building, 536 Farm House Lane, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011-1057, USA.
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Naughton SS, Hanson ED, Mathai ML, McAinch AJ. The Acute Effect of Oleic- or Linoleic Acid-Containing Meals on Appetite and Metabolic Markers; A Pilot Study in Overweight or Obese Individuals. Nutrients 2018; 10:nu10101376. [PMID: 30261617 PMCID: PMC6213143 DOI: 10.3390/nu10101376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2018] [Revised: 09/20/2018] [Accepted: 09/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite the abundance of plant-derived fats in our diet, their effects on appetite, and metabolic markers, remain unclear. This single-blinded 3-way cross-over pilot study aimed to investigate the ability of the two most abundant dietary plant-derived fats, oleic (OA) and linoleic (LA) acids, to modulate postprandial appetite and levels of circulating appetite and metabolic regulators in overweight/obese individuals. Meals were a high-carbohydrate control, a high-OA or a high-LA meal, and provided 30% of participants' estimated energy requirements. Meals were consumed after an overnight fast, with blood samples collected over 3¼ h. Appetite parameters were assessed via a validated visual analogue scale questionnaire. Hormones and other circulating factors were quantified using multiplex immunoassays. Eight participants (age 45.8 ± 3.6 (years), body mass index 32.0 ± 1.3 (kg/m²)) completed the study. All meals significantly increased fullness and reduced desire to eat. The control and high-OA meals significantly decreased prospective food intake. The high-LA meal increased ghrelin levels (p < 0.05), a hormone which encourages food intake. This was coupled with a significant acute increase in resistin levels, which impairs insulin signaling. Taken together, this study indicates that in overweight/obese individuals, high-LA meals may promote excess energy intake and alter glucose handling, though a larger cohort may be required to strengthen results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaan S Naughton
- Institute for Health and Sport, Victoria University, PO Box 14428, Melbourne, Victoria 8001, Australia.
| | - Erik D Hanson
- Institute for Health and Sport, Victoria University, PO Box 14428, Melbourne, Victoria 8001, Australia.
| | - Michael L Mathai
- Institute for Health and Sport, Victoria University, PO Box 14428, Melbourne, Victoria 8001, Australia.
- The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, 30 Royal Parade, Parkville, Melbourne, VIC 3052, Australia.
| | - Andrew J McAinch
- Institute for Health and Sport, Victoria University, PO Box 14428, Melbourne, Victoria 8001, Australia.
- Australian Institute for Musculoskeletal Science (AIMSS), College of Health and Biomedicine, Victoria University, Melbourne, Victoria 8001, Australia.
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Corstens MN, Berton-Carabin CC, Schroën K, Viau M, Meynier A. Emulsion encapsulation in calcium-alginate beads delays lipolysis during dynamic in vitro digestion. J Funct Foods 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2018.05.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
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35
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Pribic T, Vilaseca H, Nieto A, Hernandez L, Monrroy H, Malagelada C, Accarino A, Roca J, Azpiroz F. Meal composition influences postprandial sensations independently of valence and gustation. Neurogastroenterol Motil 2018; 30:e13337. [PMID: 29575437 DOI: 10.1111/nmo.13337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2017] [Accepted: 02/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Palatability of meals with identical composition has been shown to influence postprandial sensations. Our aim was to determine to what extent meal composition influences postprandial sensations independently of palatability. METHODS Randomized, crossover, double-blind trial comparing the postprandial responses to a low-fat vs a high-fat test meal, with the same physical and organoleptic characteristics (taste, smell, texture, color, and temperature). The test meal consisted in 150 g hummus containing either 17.7 g fat (low-fat) or 22.3 g fat (high-fat), 19.8 g toasts, 120 mL water and 50 g apple puree. In 12 non-obese healthy men, palatability, homeostatic sensations (hunger/satiety, fullness) and hedonic sensations (digestive well-being, mood) were measured on 10 cm scales before and during the 60-min postprandial period. Comparisons between meals were performed with a two-way repeated measures ANCOVA with premeal data as co-variate. KEY RESULTS Both test meals were rated equally palatable (palatability scores 3.8 ± 0.3 low-fat, 3.3 ± 0.2 high-fat; P = .156). As compared to the high-fat meal, the low-fat meal induced more satisfaction (meal effect on well-being F(1,21) = 4.92; P = .038) and tended to improve mood (meal effect F(1,21) = 3.02; P = .064), and this was associated with a non-significant decrease in satiety (meal effect F(1,21) = 2.29; P = .145) and fullness (meal effect F(1,21) = 1.57; P = .224). CONCLUSIONS AND INFERENCES The composition of meals with equal palatability influences postprandial satisfaction, even without significant impact on homeostatic sensations, although an effect on homeostatic sensations has not been excluded. These conditioning factors may have clinical implications in patients with impaired meal tolerance or meal-related symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Pribic
- Digestive System Research Unit, University Hospital Vall d'Hebron, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (Ciberehd), Departament de Medicina, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - A Nieto
- Digestive System Research Unit, University Hospital Vall d'Hebron, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (Ciberehd), Departament de Medicina, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - L Hernandez
- Digestive System Research Unit, University Hospital Vall d'Hebron, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (Ciberehd), Departament de Medicina, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - H Monrroy
- Digestive System Research Unit, University Hospital Vall d'Hebron, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (Ciberehd), Departament de Medicina, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - C Malagelada
- Digestive System Research Unit, University Hospital Vall d'Hebron, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (Ciberehd), Departament de Medicina, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - A Accarino
- Digestive System Research Unit, University Hospital Vall d'Hebron, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (Ciberehd), Departament de Medicina, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - J Roca
- El Celler de Can Roca, Girona, Spain
| | - F Azpiroz
- Digestive System Research Unit, University Hospital Vall d'Hebron, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (Ciberehd), Departament de Medicina, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
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Jejelava N, Kaufman S, Krieger JP, Terra MM, Langhans W, Arnold M. Intestinal lymph as a readout of meal-induced GLP-1 release in an unrestrained rat model. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 2018; 314:R724-R733. [PMID: 29341824 DOI: 10.1152/ajpregu.00120.2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Intestinal lymph supposedly provides a readout for the secretion of intestinal peptides. We here assessed how mesenteric lymph duct (MLD) lymph levels of glucagon-like peptide (GLP-1), insulin, and metabolites [glucose and triglycerides (TG)] evolve after isocaloric high- and low-fat diet (HFD and LFD) meals and how they compare with hepatic portal vein (HPV) plasma levels. Moreover, we examined the effects of intraperitoneally administered GLP-1 (1 or 10 nmol/kg) on these parameters. At 20 min after the HFD meal onset, GLP-1 levels were higher in MLD lymph than in HPV plasma. No such difference occurred with the LFD meal. Intraperitoneal injections of 10 nmol/kg GLP-1 before meals enhanced the meal-induced increases in MLD lymph and HPV plasma GLP-1 levels except for the MLD lymph levels after the HFD meal. Intraperitoneal injection of 1 nmol/kg GLP-1 only increased HPV plasma GLP-1 levels at 60 min after the HFD meal. GLP-1 injections did not increase the MLD lymph or HPV plasma GLP-1 concentrations beyond the physiological range, suggesting that intraperitoneal GLP-1 injections can recapitulate the short-term effects of endogenous GLP-1. Dipeptidyl peptidase IV (DPP-IV) activity in MLD lymph was lower than in HPV plasma, which presumably contributed to the higher levels of GLP-1 in lymph than in plasma. Insulin and glucose showed similar profiles in MLD lymph and HPV plasma, whereas TG levels were higher in lymph than in plasma. These results indicate that intestinal lymph provides a sensitive readout of intestinal peptide release and potential action, in particular when fat-rich diets are consumed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nino Jejelava
- Physiology and Behavior Laboratory, Institute of Food, Nutrition, and Health, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, ETH Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Sharon Kaufman
- Physiology and Behavior Laboratory, Institute of Food, Nutrition, and Health, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, ETH Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Jean-Philippe Krieger
- Physiology and Behavior Laboratory, Institute of Food, Nutrition, and Health, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, ETH Zurich, Switzerland
| | | | - Wolfgang Langhans
- Physiology and Behavior Laboratory, Institute of Food, Nutrition, and Health, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, ETH Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Myrtha Arnold
- Physiology and Behavior Laboratory, Institute of Food, Nutrition, and Health, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, ETH Zurich, Switzerland
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Dunshea FR, Bittner EP, Pluske JR, Black JL. Role of the gut, melanocortin system and malonyl-CoA in control of feed intake in non-ruminant animals. ANIMAL PRODUCTION SCIENCE 2018. [DOI: 10.1071/an17273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Regulation of feed intake is under complex control, involving physical, chemical, hormonal and neuronal responses. Understanding the regulation of feed intake in farm animals is key to optimisation of intake to meet production and profitability goals. Fundamental mechanisms regulating feed intake include constraints imposed by the gut, systems monitoring current and long-term energy status to increase or decrease intake, and hedonic, reward-related drives. Feed intake is closely related to the rate of passage of digesta and the capacity of the gastrointestinal tract. Indigestible fibre increases the rate of digesta passage and feed intake until excess distension sends signals of satiety to the brain. The presence of partially digested nutrients and products of microbial fermentation in the distal intestines releases peptides (PYY, OXM, GPL-1, Apo A-IV, amylin) from gut and pancreas to activate the intestinal brake, which slows the rate of passage and reduces feed intake. These peptides also act on orexigenic (NPY, AgRP) and anorexigenic (POMC, CART) peptides of the melanocortin system of the hypothalamus to reduce intake over the long term. Immediate energy status of the animal is monitored through the ratio of AMP : ATP via adenosine monophosphate-activated kinase and mammalian target of rapamycin, whereas the overall animal energy status is monitored by insulin, leptin and ghrelin. These energy-monitoring systems control short- and long-term intakes through the melanocortin system of the hypothalamus, primarily via malonyl-CoA, to alter the relative expression of orexigenic and anorexigenic peptides. Gut and hypothalamic control of feed intake can be over-ridden by hedonic, reward-related centres of the brain, predominantly through the release of dopamine. These hedonic responses can lead to over-consumption and obesity under some circumstances or reduced feed intake under stressful or other negative environmental situations. Knowledge of these mechanisms can be used to identify practical strategies for either increasing or decreasing voluntary intake in pigs.
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Poppitt SD, Budgett SC, MacGibbon AK, Quek SY, Kindleysides S, Wiessing KR. Effects of lipid emulsion particle size on satiety and energy intake: a randomised cross-over trial. Eur J Clin Nutr 2017; 72:349-357. [DOI: 10.1038/s41430-017-0016-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2017] [Revised: 08/26/2017] [Accepted: 09/10/2017] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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Dietary Fatty Acid Composition Modulates Obesity and Interacts with Obesity-Related Genes. Lipids 2017; 52:803-822. [DOI: 10.1007/s11745-017-4291-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2017] [Accepted: 08/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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Poppitt SD, Shin HS, McGill AT, Budgett SC, Lo K, Pahl M, Duxfield J, Lane M, Ingram JR. Duodenal and ileal glucose infusions differentially alter gastrointestinal peptides, appetite response, and food intake: a tube feeding study. Am J Clin Nutr 2017; 106:725-735. [PMID: 28701300 DOI: 10.3945/ajcn.117.157248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2017] [Accepted: 06/15/2017] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Activation of the ileal brake through the delivery of nutrients into the distal small intestine to promote satiety and suppress food intake provides a new target for weight loss. Evidence is limited, with support from naso-ileal lipid infusion studies.Objective: The objective of the study was to investigate whether glucose infused into the duodenum and ileum differentially alters appetite response, food intake, and secretion of satiety-related gastrointestinal peptides.Design: Fourteen healthy male participants were randomly assigned to a blinded 4-treatment crossover, with each treatment of single-day duration. On the day before the intervention (day 0), a 380-cm multilumen tube (1.75-mm diameter) with independent port access to the duodenum and ileum was inserted, and position was confirmed by X-ray. Subsequently (days 1-4), a standardized breakfast meal was followed midmorning by a 90-min infusion of isotonic glucose (15 g, 235 kJ) or saline to the duodenum or ileum. Appetite ratings were assessed with the use of visual analog scales (VASs), blood samples collected, and ad libitum energy intake (EI) measured at lunch, afternoon snack, and dinner.Results: Thirteen participants completed the 4 infusion days. There was a significant effect of nutrient infused and site (treatment × time, P < 0.05) such that glucose-to-ileum altered VAS-rated fullness, satisfaction, and thoughts of food compared with saline-to-ileum (Tukey's post hoc, P < 0.05); decreased ad libitum EI at lunch compared with glucose-to-duodenum [-22%, -988 ± 379 kJ (mean ± SEM), Tukey's post hoc, P < 0.05]; and increased glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and peptide YY (PYY) compared with all other treatments (Tukey's post hoc, P < 0.05).Conclusions: Macronutrient delivery to the proximal and distal small intestine elicits different outcomes. Glucose infusion to the ileum increased GLP-1 and PYY secretion, suppressed aspects of VAS-rated appetite, and decreased ad libitum EI at a subsequent meal. Although glucose to the duodenum also suppressed appetite ratings, eating behavior was not altered. This trial was registered at www.anzctr.org.au as ACTRN12612000429853.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sally D Poppitt
- Human Nutrition Unit, School of Biological Sciences and Department of Medicine,
| | - Hyun Sang Shin
- Human Nutrition Unit, School of Biological Sciences and Department of Medicine
| | - Anne-Thea McGill
- Human Nutrition Unit, School of Biological Sciences and Department of Medicine.,School of Population Health, and
| | | | - Kim Lo
- Plant and Food Research Ltd., Auckland, New Zealand; and
| | - Malcolm Pahl
- Plant and Food Research Ltd., Auckland, New Zealand; and
| | - Janice Duxfield
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Auckland City Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Mark Lane
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Auckland City Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - John R Ingram
- Plant and Food Research Ltd., Auckland, New Zealand; and
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Law M, Huot PSP, Lee YT, Vien S, Luhovyy BL, Anderson GH. The effect of dairy and nondairy beverages consumed with high glycemic cereal on subjective appetite, food intake, and postprandial glycemia in young adults. Appl Physiol Nutr Metab 2017; 42:1201-1209. [PMID: 28759734 DOI: 10.1139/apnm-2017-0135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The objective was to compare the effect of dairy and nondairy beverages when consumed with carbohydrate at breakfast on subjective appetite, food intake (FI), and postprandial glycemia (PPG) in healthy young adults. Twenty-six healthy males and females (13 males and 13 females; 23.0 ± 2.6 years; BMI: 22.3 ± 1.5 kg/m2) participated in a randomized crossover study. They consumed nonisocaloric amounts (250 mL) of almond beverage, soy beverage, 1% fat milk, yogurt beverage, and water (control) with cereal and 120 min later, an ad libitum meal. Subjective appetite, PPG, and insulin were measured at baseline and at intervals before and after the meal at which FI was measured. Post-treatment blood glucose was lowest following soy beverage compared with all treatments but was not different from milk (p = 0.0002). There were no differences between any other treatments. However, over the first hour, PPG for all treatments was 27% lower compared with water (p < 0.0001). Milk and yogurt beverage led to the highest insulin concentrations post-treatment (p < 0.0001) but there were no differences between treatments postmeal. All treatments reduced appetite and led to lower FI at the meal compared with water, but FI was lower after milk compared with all treatments except yogurt beverage (p < 0.0001). Both dairy and nondairy beverages consumed with a high glycemic cereal at breakfast increased satiety and decreased FI compared with water with cereal. Despite higher carbohydrate content, all beverages led to similar or lower PPG than the water breakfast, but dairy beverages increased insulin more than nondairy beverages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marron Law
- a Department of Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 3E2, Canada
| | - Pedro S P Huot
- a Department of Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 3E2, Canada
| | - Ying Ti Lee
- a Department of Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 3E2, Canada
| | - Shirley Vien
- a Department of Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 3E2, Canada
| | - Bohdan L Luhovyy
- b Department of Applied Human Nutrition, Mount Saint Vincent University, Halifax, NS B3M 2J6, Canada
| | - G Harvey Anderson
- c Department of Nutritional Sciences and Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, 150 College Street, Toronto, ON M5S 3E2, Canada
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Medium-Chain Enriched Diacylglycerol (MCE-DAG) Oil Decreases Body Fat Mass in Mice by Increasing Lipolysis and Thermogenesis in Adipose Tissue. Lipids 2017; 52:665-673. [PMID: 28707153 DOI: 10.1007/s11745-017-4277-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2016] [Accepted: 07/07/2017] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Medium chain fatty acid (MCFA) escapes the formation of chylomicrons in the small intestine, resulting in energy expenditure through beta-oxidation. Diacylglycerol (DAG) is susceptible to oxidation rather than being stored in the adipose tissue. This study was conducted to verify the effect of MCE-DAG oil on body fat mass in vivo. Male C57BL/6 mice were randomly assigned to four groups (n = 12) as follows: (1) normal diet (18% kcal from fat), (2) canola oil as a control (40% kcal from canola oil), (3) MCE-DAG10 (10% kcal from MCE-DAG + 30% kcal from canola oil), and (4) MCE-DAG20 (20% kcal from MCE-DAG + 20% kcal from canola oil). The body weight and fat mass of MCE-DAG20 group mice were decreased relative to those of control mice (P < 0.05 and P < 0.001, respectively). Serum triacylglycerol (TAG) was decreased in both MCE-DAG10 and MCE-DAG20 groups (P < 0.01 and P < 0.05, respectively). Hormone sensitive lipase (HSL) and adipose triglyceride lipase (ATGL) were increased in the MCE-DAG20 group relative to the control in white adipose tissue (WAT) (P < 0.05). Uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1) was also increased in the MCE-DAG20 group relative to the control in brown adipose tissue (BAT) (P < 0.05). In summary, MCE-DAG reduced body fat mass likely by stimulating lipolysis in WAT and thermogenesis in BAT.
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Barreto SG, Soenen S, Chisholm J, Chapman I, Kow L. Does the ileal brake mechanism contribute to sustained weight loss after bariatric surgery? ANZ J Surg 2017; 88:20-25. [DOI: 10.1111/ans.14062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2017] [Revised: 04/10/2017] [Accepted: 04/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Savio G. Barreto
- Hepatobiliary and Oesophagogastric Unit, Division of Surgery and Perioperative Medicine; Flinders Medical Centre; Adelaide South Australia Australia
- School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences; Flinders University; Bedford Park South Australia Australia
| | - Stijn Soenen
- National Health and Medical Research Council Centre of Research Excellence in Translating Nutritional Science to Good Health, Discipline of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences; Royal Adelaide Hospital, The University of Adelaide; Adelaide South Australia Australia
| | - Jacob Chisholm
- Hepatobiliary and Oesophagogastric Unit, Division of Surgery and Perioperative Medicine; Flinders Medical Centre; Adelaide South Australia Australia
- Adelaide Bariatric Centre; Flinders Private Hospital; Adelaide South Australia Australia
| | - Ian Chapman
- National Health and Medical Research Council Centre of Research Excellence in Translating Nutritional Science to Good Health, Discipline of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences; Royal Adelaide Hospital, The University of Adelaide; Adelaide South Australia Australia
| | - Lilian Kow
- Hepatobiliary and Oesophagogastric Unit, Division of Surgery and Perioperative Medicine; Flinders Medical Centre; Adelaide South Australia Australia
- School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences; Flinders University; Bedford Park South Australia Australia
- Adelaide Bariatric Centre; Flinders Private Hospital; Adelaide South Australia Australia
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Ciccantelli B, Pribic T, Malagelada C, Accarino A, Azpiroz F. Relation between cognitive and hedonic responses to a meal. Neurogastroenterol Motil 2017; 29. [PMID: 28054426 DOI: 10.1111/nmo.13011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2016] [Accepted: 11/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ingestion of a meal induces cognitive and hedonic sensations and our aim was to determine the relation between both dimensions. METHODS In three groups of healthy non-obese men (n=10 per group) three types of meals with equivalent levels of palatability were tested: a liquid meal, a solid-liquid low-calorie meal, and a solid-liquid high-calorie meal. The cognitive and hedonic responses were measured on 10-cm scales before and during the 30-minute postprandial period. KEY RESULTS The liquid meal induced a relatively strong cognitive response with satiation (4.7±0.7 score increment), fullness (3.3±0.7 score increment), and inhibition of desire of eating a food of choice; in contrast, its impact on sensation of digestive well-being and satisfaction was not significant (0.7±0.7 score increment). The high-calorie solid-liquid meal, with larger volume load and caloric content, induced much lower satiation (2.4±0.8 score increment; P=.041 vs liquid meal) and fullness sensation (1.3±0.6 score increment; P=.031 vs liquid meal), but a markedly higher level of satisfaction (2.7±0.4 score increment; P=.021 vs liquid meal); the low-calorie mixed meal had less prominent effects with significantly lower satisfaction (1.0±0.4 score increment; P=.039 vs high-calorie meal). CONCLUSIONS AND INFERENCES The cognitive (satiation, fullness) and hedonic responses (satisfaction) to meals with equivalent levels of palatability, that is, equally likable, are dissociable. The characteristics of meals in terms of satiation and rewarding power could be adapted to specific clinical targets, whether nutritional supplementation or restriction.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Ciccantelli
- Digestive System Research Unit, Departament de Medicina, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (Ciberehd), University Hospital Vall d'Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra (Cerdanyola del Vallès), Spain
| | - T Pribic
- Digestive System Research Unit, Departament de Medicina, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (Ciberehd), University Hospital Vall d'Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra (Cerdanyola del Vallès), Spain
| | - C Malagelada
- Digestive System Research Unit, Departament de Medicina, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (Ciberehd), University Hospital Vall d'Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra (Cerdanyola del Vallès), Spain
| | - A Accarino
- Digestive System Research Unit, Departament de Medicina, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (Ciberehd), University Hospital Vall d'Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra (Cerdanyola del Vallès), Spain
| | - F Azpiroz
- Digestive System Research Unit, Departament de Medicina, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (Ciberehd), University Hospital Vall d'Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra (Cerdanyola del Vallès), Spain
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Corstens MN, Berton-Carabin CC, Kester A, Fokkink R, van den Broek JM, de Vries R, Troost FJ, Masclee AA, Schroën K. Destabilization of multilayered interfaces in digestive conditions limits their ability to prevent lipolysis in emulsions. FOOD STRUCTURE-NETHERLANDS 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foostr.2016.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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Hunger and satiety responses to high-fat meals after a high-polyunsaturated fat diet: A randomized trial. Nutrition 2017; 41:14-23. [PMID: 28760423 DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2017.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2016] [Revised: 02/03/2017] [Accepted: 03/11/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Previous studies have shown that polyunsaturated fats (PUFAs) elicit a greater response in satiety after a single-meal challenge compared with other types of fats. The long-term effects of PUFAs on satiety, however, remain unknown. The aim of this study was to determine subjective and physiological hunger and satiety responses to high-fat (HF) meals before and after a 7-d PUFA-rich diet. METHODS Twenty-six, healthy weight (body mass index 18-24.9 kg/m2), sedentary adults were randomly assigned to either a 7-d PUFA-rich diet (n = 8 men and n = 8 women) or a 7-d control diet (n = 5 men and n = 5 women). After a 3-d lead-in diet, participants reported for the baseline visit where anthropometrics, fasting visual analog scale (VAS) measurements, and a fasting blood sample were collected. Then, two HF meals (breakfast and lunch) were consumed. Postprandial blood draws and VAS measures were collected approximately every 30 min for 4 h after each meal, for a total of 8 h. RESULTS From pre- to post-PUFA-rich diet, there was a decrease in fasting ghrelin (P < 0.05) and an increase in fasting peptide YY (PYY; P < 0.05); however, there were no changes in fasting insulin or leptin concentrations. The postprandial response for PYY was higher after the PUFA-rich diet visit compared to baseline (P < 0.01). However, there were no differences in the postprandial response for ghrelin, insulin, leptin, or VAS measures from pre- to post-diet in either the PUFA-rich diet or control (ns). CONCLUSION A PUFA-rich diet consumed for 7 d favorably altered fasting and postprandial physiological markers of hunger and satiety; yet, did not alter subjective ratings of hunger or fullness.
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Does the Ileal Brake Contribute to Delayed Gastric Emptying After Pancreatoduodenectomy? Dig Dis Sci 2017; 62:319-335. [PMID: 27995402 DOI: 10.1007/s10620-016-4402-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2016] [Accepted: 11/29/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Delayed gastric emptying (DGE) represents a significant cause for morbidity following pancreatoduodenectomy (PD). At a time when no specific and universally effective therapy exists to treat these patients, elucidating other potential (preventable or treatable) mechanisms for DGE is important. The aim of the manuscript was to test the hypothesis that ileal brake contributes to DGE in PD patients receiving jejunal tube feeding by systematically reviewing experimental and clinical literature. A series of clinically relevant questions were framed related to the potential role of the ileal brake in development of DGE post-PD and formed the basis of targeted literature searches. A comprehensive search of major reference databases from January 1980 to June 2015 was carried out which included human and animal studies. The ileal brake is a feedback loop neurally mediated by the vagus and sympatho-adrenergic pathways and hormonally by gut peptides including glucagon-like peptide-1, peptide YY (PYY), and neurotensin. The most potent stimulus for this inhibitory reflex is intra-ileal fat. There is evidence to indicate the role of an inhibitory reflex (on gastric emptying) mediated by PYY and CCK which, in turn, are stimulated by nutrient delivery into the distal small intestine providing indirect support to the role of ileal brake in post-PD DGE. The ileal brake is a likely factor contributing to DGE post-PD. While there has been no study to directly test this hypothesis, there is compelling indirect evidence to support it. Designing a trial that would answer such a question appears to be the most appropriate way forward.
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Appetite responses to high-fat meals or diets of varying fatty acid composition: a comprehensive review. Eur J Clin Nutr 2017; 71:1154-1165. [DOI: 10.1038/ejcn.2016.250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2016] [Revised: 09/02/2016] [Accepted: 09/26/2016] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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Frank D, Joo ST, Warner R. Consumer Acceptability of Intramuscular Fat. Korean J Food Sci Anim Resour 2016; 36:699-708. [PMID: 28115880 PMCID: PMC5243953 DOI: 10.5851/kosfa.2016.36.6.699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2016] [Revised: 10/08/2016] [Accepted: 10/17/2016] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Fat in meat greatly improves eating quality, yet many consumers avoid visible fat, mainly because of health concerns. Generations of consumers, especially in the English-speaking world, have been convinced by health authorities that animal fat, particularly saturated or solid fat, should be reduced or avoided to maintain a healthy diet. Decades of negative messages regarding animal fats has resulted in general avoidance of fatty cuts of meat. Paradoxically, low fat or lean meat tends to have poor eating quality and flavor and low consumer acceptability. The failure of low-fat high-carbohydrate diets to curb "globesity" has prompted many experts to re-evaluate of the place of fat in human diets, including animal fat. Attitudes towards fat vary dramatically between and within cultures. Previous generations of humans sought out fatty cuts of meat for their superior sensory properties. Many consumers in East and Southeast Asia have traditionally valued more fatty meat cuts. As nutritional messages around dietary fat change, there is evidence that attitudes towards animal fat are changing and many consumers are rediscovering and embracing fattier cuts of meat, including marbled beef. The present work provides a short overview of the unique sensory characteristics of marbled beef and changing consumer preferences for fat in meat in general.
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Affiliation(s)
- Damian Frank
- CSIRO, Agriculture & Food, 11 Julius Ave North Ryde, New South Wales, 2113, Australia
| | - Seon-Tea Joo
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21), Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52852, Korea
| | - Robyn Warner
- Corresponding author: Robyn Warner, Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Science, University of Melbourne, Parkville, 3010, Australia. Tel: +61-3-9035-6663, Fax: +61-3-8344-5037, E-mail:
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Malagelada C, Barba I, Accarino A, Molne L, Mendez S, Campos E, Gonzalez A, Alonso-Cotoner C, Santos J, Malagelada JR, Azpiroz F. Cognitive and hedonic responses to meal ingestion correlate with changes in circulating metabolites. Neurogastroenterol Motil 2016; 28:1806-1814. [PMID: 27271780 DOI: 10.1111/nmo.12879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2016] [Accepted: 05/10/2016] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We have previously shown that meal ingestion induces cognitive perception (sensations) with a hedonic dimension (well-being) that depends on the characteristics of the meal and the appropriateness of the digestive response. The aim of the present study is to identify metabolomic biomarkers of the cognitive response to meal ingestion. METHODS In 18 healthy subjects, the response to a test meal (Edanec, 1 kcal/mL) ingested until maximum satiation (50 mL/min) was assessed. Perception measurements and blood samples were taken before, at the end of the meal, and 20 min after ingestion. The cognitive response and the hedonic dimension were measured on 10 cm scales. Metabolomic analysis was performed using nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy and values of triglycerides, insulin, peptide YY (PYY), and glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) were determined using conventional laboratory techniques. KEY RESULTS Ingestion up to maximum satiation induced sensation of fullness and decreased digestive well-being. The total amount ingested by each subject correlated with the basal sensation of hunger, but not with other sensations or blood metabolite levels. Immediately after ingestion, satiation correlated with an increase in glucose (R = 0.49; p = 0.038) and valine levels (R = 0.48; p = 0.043). Twenty-minutes after finalizing ingestion, triglyceride levels had significantly increased which correlated with the recovery in well-being (R = 0.48; p = 0.046) and the decrease in desire to eat a food of choice (R = -0.56; p = 0.016). The increase in lipids inversely correlated with abdominal discomfort (R = -0.51; p = 0.032). CONCLUSIONS & INFERENCES Cognitive and hedonic responses to meal ingestion correlate with changes in circulating metabolites, which may serve as objective biomarkers of perception.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Malagelada
- Digestive System Research Unit, University Hospital Vall d'Hebron, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (Ciberehd), Departament de Medicina, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - I Barba
- Laboratory of Experimental Cardiology, Department of Cardiology, Vall d'Hebron University Hospital and Research Institute, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - A Accarino
- Digestive System Research Unit, University Hospital Vall d'Hebron, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (Ciberehd), Departament de Medicina, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - L Molne
- Digestive System Research Unit, University Hospital Vall d'Hebron, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (Ciberehd), Departament de Medicina, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - S Mendez
- Digestive System Research Unit, University Hospital Vall d'Hebron, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (Ciberehd), Departament de Medicina, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - E Campos
- Gallina Blanca Star Group, Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - A Gonzalez
- Gallina Blanca Star Group, Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - C Alonso-Cotoner
- Digestive System Research Unit, University Hospital Vall d'Hebron, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (Ciberehd), Departament de Medicina, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - J Santos
- Digestive System Research Unit, University Hospital Vall d'Hebron, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (Ciberehd), Departament de Medicina, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - J-R Malagelada
- Digestive System Research Unit, University Hospital Vall d'Hebron, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (Ciberehd), Departament de Medicina, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - F Azpiroz
- Digestive System Research Unit, University Hospital Vall d'Hebron, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (Ciberehd), Departament de Medicina, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
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