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Zhang X, Zhang L, Liu Y, Liu L, Wang J, Wang C, Zhang S, Cheng G, Wang L. Predictive Roles of Basal Metabolic Rate and Muscle Mass in Lung Function among Patients with Obese Asthma: A Prospective Cohort Study. Nutrients 2024; 16:1809. [PMID: 38931162 PMCID: PMC11206345 DOI: 10.3390/nu16121809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2024] [Revised: 06/03/2024] [Accepted: 06/06/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The metabolic-status-related mechanisms underlying the deterioration of the lung function in obese asthma have not been completely elucidated. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to investigate the basal metabolic rate (BMR) in patients with obese asthma, its association with the lung function, and its mediating role in the impact of obesity on the lung function. METHODS A 12-month prospective cohort study (n = 598) was conducted in a real-world setting, comparing clinical, body composition, BMR, and lung function data between patients with obese (n = 282) and non-obese (n = 316) asthma. Path model mediation analyses for the BMR and skeletal muscle mass (SMM) were conducted. We also explored the effects of the BMR on the long-term lung function in patients with asthma. RESULTS Patients with obese asthma exhibited greater airway obstruction, with lower FEV1 (1.99 vs. 2.29 L), FVC (3.02 vs. 3.33 L), and FEV1/FVC (65.5 vs. 68.2%) values compared to patients with non-obese asthma. The patients with obese asthma also had higher BMRs (1284.27 vs. 1210.08 kcal/d) and SMM (23.53 vs. 22.10 kg). Both the BMR and SMM mediated the relationship between obesity and the lung function spirometers (FEV1, %FEV1, FVC, %FVC, and FEV1/FVC). A higher BMR or SMM was associated with better long-term lung function. CONCLUSIONS Our study highlights the significance of the BMR and SMM in mediating the relationship between obesity and spirometry in patients with asthma, and in determining the long-term lung function. Interventions for obese asthma should focus not only on reducing adiposity but also on maintaining a high BMR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Zhang
- Division of Internal Medicine, Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; (X.Z.)
| | - Li Zhang
- Division of Internal Medicine, Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; (X.Z.)
| | - Ying Liu
- Division of Internal Medicine, Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; (X.Z.)
| | - Lei Liu
- Division of Internal Medicine, Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; (X.Z.)
| | - Ji Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Changyong Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Shuwen Zhang
- Division of Internal Medicine, Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; (X.Z.)
| | - Gaiping Cheng
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Lei Wang
- Division of Internal Medicine, Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; (X.Z.)
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2
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Yamada M, Lee WJ, Akishita M, Yang M, Kang L, Kim S, Lim JP, Lim WS, Merchant RA, Ong T, Peng LN, Phannarus H, Tan MP, Tay L, Won CW, Woo J, Chen LK, Arai H. Clinical practice for sarcopenia in Asia: Online survey by the Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia. Arch Gerontol Geriatr 2023; 115:105132. [PMID: 37490804 DOI: 10.1016/j.archger.2023.105132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Revised: 07/15/2023] [Accepted: 07/16/2023] [Indexed: 07/27/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to (1) investigate the clinical practice for the management of sarcopenia among healthcare professionals in Asia, (2) determine the characteristics of clinical care provided by geriatricians versus by other healthcare professionals, and (3) clarify the awareness of sarcopenia. METHODS From December 1 to 31, 2022, an online survey was completed by 1990 healthcare professionals in Asia. The survey comprises demographics and institutional characteristics, basic sarcopenia-related details, and sarcopenia-related assessment and treatment details. RESULTS The mean respondent age was 44.2 ± 10.7 years, 36.4% of the respondents were women, and the mean years of experience in clinical practice were 19.0 ± 10.6 years. The percentages of respondents who were aware of the term "sarcopenia", its definition and the importance of its management were high, at 99.3%, 91.9%, and 97.2%, respectively. The percentages of respondents who had screened patients for, diagnosed patients with, and treated patients for sarcopenia were 42.4%, 42.9%, and 58.8%, respectively. Medical doctors had higher performance rates compared to allied health professionals (45.5% vs. 40.5% for screening, 56.8% vs. 34.5% for diagnosis, and 65.0% vs. 55.0% for treatment) (P < 0.001). Especially, among medical doctors, geriatricians had significantly higher rates compared to non-geriatricians (64.3% vs. 34.1% for screening; 76.7% vs. 44.8% for diagnosis; 82.7% vs. 54.4% for treatment, respectively) (P < 0.001). CONCLUSION Although the importance of the concept and management of sarcopenia is well recognized, there is a gap in its detection and management in clinical practice between medical doctors and allied health professionals, and also between geriatricians and non-geriatricians. Many geriatricians collaborate with other healthcare professionals to appropriately manage sarcopenia. In the future, educating all medical staff on the proper management of sarcopenia is necessary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minoru Yamada
- Faculty of Human Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Wei-Ju Lee
- Aging and Health Research Center, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, No 155, Sec 2 Li-Nong Street, Taipei 112, Taiwan
| | - Masahiro Akishita
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ming Yang
- Center of Gerontology and Geriatrics, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Lin Kang
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, 1#ShuaiFuYuan, DongCheng District, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Sunyoung Kim
- Department of Family Medicine, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Hoegi 1 dong, Dongdaemungu, Seoul 02447, South Korea
| | - Jun-Pei Lim
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Institute of Geriatrics and Active Ageing, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, Annex 2 Level 3, 11 Jalan Tan Tock Seng, 308433, Singapore
| | - Wee-Shiong Lim
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Annex 2 Level 3, 11 Jalan Tan Tock Seng, 308433, Singapore
| | - Reshma A Merchant
- Division of Geriatric Medicine, Department of Medicine, National University Hospital, Singapore
| | - Terence Ong
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Li-Ning Peng
- Aging and Health Research Center, National YaE12:F13ng Ming Chiao Tung University, No. 155, Sec. 2, Linong St. Beitoou Dist., Taipei City, 112304, Taiwan
| | - Harisd Phannarus
- Department of Preventive and Social Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Maw-Pin Tan
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Laura Tay
- Department of General Medicine, Sengkang General Hospital, 110 Sengkang East Way, 544886, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Chang-Won Won
- Department of Family Medicine, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Hoegi 1 dong, Dongdaemungu, Seoul 02447, South Korea
| | - Jean Woo
- Department of Medicine & Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Ngan Shing Street, Shatin NT, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Liang-Kung Chen
- Center for Healthy Longevity and Aging Sciences, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei Municipal Gan-Dau Hospital, No. 201, Sec 2, Shih-Pai Road, Taipei, 11217, Taiwan
| | - Hidenori Arai
- National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, 7-430 Morioka, Obu, Aichi, 474-8511, Japan.
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DiVito D, Wellik A, Burfield J, Peterson J, Flickinger J, Tindall A, Albanowski K, Vishnubhatt S, MacMullen L, Martin I, Muraresku C, McCormick E, George-Sankoh I, McCormack S, Goldstein A, Ganetzky R, Yudkoff M, Xiao R, Falk MJ, R Mascarenhas M, Zolkipli-Cunningham Z. Optimized Nutrition in Mitochondrial Disease Correlates to Improved Muscle Fatigue, Strength, and Quality of Life. Neurotherapeutics 2023; 20:1723-1745. [PMID: 37723406 PMCID: PMC10684455 DOI: 10.1007/s13311-023-01418-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 09/20/2023] Open
Abstract
We sought to prospectively characterize the nutritional status of adults ≥ 19 years (n = 22, 27% males) and children (n = 38, 61% male) with genetically-confirmed primary mitochondrial disease (PMD) to guide development of precision nutritional support strategies to be tested in future clinical trials. We excluded subjects who were exclusively tube-fed. Daily caloric requirements were estimated using World Health Organization (WHO) equations to predict resting energy expenditure (REE) multiplied by an activity factor (AF) based on individual activity levels. We developed a Mitochondrial Disease Activity Factors (MOTIVATOR) score to encompass the impact of muscle fatigue typical of PMD on physical activity levels. PMD cohort daily diet intake was estimated to be 1,143 ± 104.1 kcal in adults (mean ± SEM, 76.2% of WHO-MOTIVATOR predicted requirement), and 1,114 ± 62.3 kcal in children (86.4% predicted). A total of 11/22 (50%) adults and 18/38 (47.4%) children with PMD consumed ≤ 75% predicted daily Kcal needs. Malnutrition was identified in 16/60 (26.7%) PMD subjects. Increased protein and fat intake correlated with improved muscle strength in those with insufficient daily Kcal intake (≤ 75% predicted); higher protein and fat intake correlated with decreased muscle fatigue; and higher protein, fat, and carbohydrate intake correlated with improved quality of life (QoL). These data demonstrate the frequent occurrence of malnutrition in PMD and emphasize the critical need to devise nutritional interventions to optimize clinical outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donna DiVito
- Clinical Nutrition Department, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Human Genetics, Mitochondrial Medicine Frontier Program, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Amanda Wellik
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Human Genetics, Mitochondrial Medicine Frontier Program, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Jessica Burfield
- Clinical Nutrition Department, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Human Genetics, Mitochondrial Medicine Frontier Program, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - James Peterson
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Human Genetics, Mitochondrial Medicine Frontier Program, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Jean Flickinger
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Human Genetics, Mitochondrial Medicine Frontier Program, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Alyssa Tindall
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Human Genetics, Mitochondrial Medicine Frontier Program, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Division of Gastroenterology and Nutrition, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Kimberly Albanowski
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Human Genetics, Mitochondrial Medicine Frontier Program, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Shailee Vishnubhatt
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Human Genetics, Mitochondrial Medicine Frontier Program, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Laura MacMullen
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Human Genetics, Mitochondrial Medicine Frontier Program, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Isaac Martin
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Human Genetics, Mitochondrial Medicine Frontier Program, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Colleen Muraresku
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Human Genetics, Mitochondrial Medicine Frontier Program, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Elizabeth McCormick
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Human Genetics, Mitochondrial Medicine Frontier Program, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Ibrahim George-Sankoh
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Human Genetics, Mitochondrial Medicine Frontier Program, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Shana McCormack
- Division of Endocrinology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Amy Goldstein
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Human Genetics, Mitochondrial Medicine Frontier Program, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Rebecca Ganetzky
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Human Genetics, Mitochondrial Medicine Frontier Program, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Marc Yudkoff
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Human Genetics, Mitochondrial Medicine Frontier Program, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Rui Xiao
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Informatics, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Marni J Falk
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Human Genetics, Mitochondrial Medicine Frontier Program, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Maria R Mascarenhas
- Division of Gastroenterology and Nutrition, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Zarazuela Zolkipli-Cunningham
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Human Genetics, Mitochondrial Medicine Frontier Program, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
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Herodes M, Le N, Anderson LJ, Migula D, Miranda G, Paulsen L, Garcia JM. Metabolic and quality of life effects of growth hormone replacement in patients with TBI and AGHD: A pilot study. Growth Horm IGF Res 2023; 71:101544. [PMID: 37295336 PMCID: PMC10527000 DOI: 10.1016/j.ghir.2023.101544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Revised: 05/25/2023] [Accepted: 05/27/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Traumatic brain injury (TBI), a common cause of adult growth hormone deficiency (AGHD), affects 20% of Veterans returning from Iraq and Afghanistan (OEF/OIF/OND). Growth hormone replacement therapy (GHRT) improves quality of life (QoL) in AGHD but remains unexplored in this population. This pilot, observational study investigates the feasibility and efficacy of GHRT in AGHD following TBI. DESIGN In this 6-month study of combat Veterans with AGHD and TBI starting GHRT (N = 7), feasibility (completion rate and rhGH adherence) and efficacy (improvements in self-reported QoL) of GHRT were measured (primary outcomes). Secondary outcomes included body composition, physical and cognitive function, psychological and somatic symptoms, physical activity, IGF-1 levels and safety parameters. It was hypothesized that participants would adhere to GHRT and that QoL would significantly improve after six months. RESULTS Five subjects (71%) completed all study visits. All patients administered daily rhGH injections, 6 (86%) of whom consistently administered the clinically-prescribed dose. While QoL demonstrated numeric improvement, this change did not reach statistical significance (p = 0.17). Significant improvements were observed in total lean mass (p = 0.02), latissimus dorsi strength (p = 0.05), verbal learning (Trial 1, p = 0.02; Trial 5, p = 0.03), attention (p = 0.02), short-term memory (p = 0.04), and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms (p = 0.03). Body weight (p = 0.02) and total fat mass (p = 0.03) increased significantly. CONCLUSION GHRT is a feasible and well-tolerated intervention for U.S. Veterans with TBI-related AGHD. It improved key areas impacted by AGHD and symptoms of PTSD. Larger, placebo-controlled studies testing the efficacy and safety of this intervention in this population are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megan Herodes
- Geriatric Research, Education and Clinical Center, Veterans Affairs Puget Sound Health Care System, Seattle, WA, USA; Division of Gerontology and Geriatric Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Nancy Le
- Geriatric Research, Education and Clinical Center, Veterans Affairs Puget Sound Health Care System, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Lindsey J Anderson
- Geriatric Research, Education and Clinical Center, Veterans Affairs Puget Sound Health Care System, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Dorota Migula
- Geriatric Research, Education and Clinical Center, Veterans Affairs Puget Sound Health Care System, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Gary Miranda
- Geriatric Research, Education and Clinical Center, Veterans Affairs Puget Sound Health Care System, Seattle, WA, USA; Division of Gerontology and Geriatric Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Lauren Paulsen
- Geriatric Research, Education and Clinical Center, Veterans Affairs Puget Sound Health Care System, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Jose M Garcia
- Geriatric Research, Education and Clinical Center, Veterans Affairs Puget Sound Health Care System, Seattle, WA, USA; Division of Gerontology and Geriatric Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA.
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5
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Pardo-Moreno T, Mohamed-Mohamed H, Suleiman-Martos S, Ramos-Rodriguez JJ, Rivas-Dominguez A, Melguizo-Rodríguez L, Gómez-Urquiza JL, Bermudez-Pulgarin B, Garcia-Morales V. Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis and Serum Lipid Level Association: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analytic Study. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24108675. [PMID: 37240018 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24108675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2023] [Revised: 04/16/2023] [Accepted: 05/08/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a fatal neurodegenerative disease with unknown etiology. Many metabolic alterations occur during ALS progress and can be used as a method of pre-diagnostic and early diagnosis. Dyslipidemia is one of the physiological changes observed in numerous ALS patients. The aim of this study is to analyze the possible relationship between the rate of disease progression (functional rating scale (ALS-FRS)) and the plasma lipid levels at the early stage of ALS. A systematic review was carried out in July 2022. The search equation was "Triglycerides AND amyotrophic lateral sclerosis" and its variants. Four meta-analyses were performed. Four studies were included in the meta-analysis. No significant differences were observed between the lipid levels (total cholesterol, triglycerides, HDL cholesterol, and LDL cholesterol) and the ALS-FRS score at the onset of the disease. Although the number of studies included in this research was low, the results of this meta-analytic study suggest that there is no clear relationship between the symptoms observed in ALS patients and the plasma lipid levels. An increase in research, as well as an expansion of the geographical area, would be of interest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teresa Pardo-Moreno
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Health Sciences-Ceuta, University of Granada, 51001 Ceuta, Spain
| | - Himan Mohamed-Mohamed
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Health Sciences-Ceuta, University of Granada, 51001 Ceuta, Spain
| | | | - Juan José Ramos-Rodriguez
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Health Sciences-Ceuta, University of Granada, 51001 Ceuta, Spain
| | | | - Lucía Melguizo-Rodríguez
- Department of Nursery, Faculty of Health Sciences-Ceuta, University of Granada, 51001 Ceuta, Spain
| | - José L Gómez-Urquiza
- Department of Nursery, Faculty of Health Sciences-Ceuta, University of Granada, 51001 Ceuta, Spain
| | | | - Victoria Garcia-Morales
- Physiology Area, Department of Biomedicine, Biotechnology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Cádiz, 11003 Cádiz, Spain
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Purcell SA, Kok DE, Ketterl T, Garcia MB, Joffe L, Brown JC, Dieli-Conwright CM, Williams GR. Pharmacokinetics of cancer therapeutics and energy balance: the role of diet intake, energy expenditure, and body composition. J Natl Cancer Inst Monogr 2023; 2023:3-11. [PMID: 37139976 PMCID: PMC10157766 DOI: 10.1093/jncimonographs/lgad010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2022] [Revised: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Energy balance accounts for an individual's energy intake, expenditure, and storage. Each aspect of energy balance has implications for the pharmacokinetics of cancer treatments and may impact an individual's drug exposure and subsequently its tolerance and efficacy. However, the integrated effects of diet, physical activity, and body composition on drug absorption, metabolism, distribution, and excretion are not yet fully understood. This review examines the existing literature on energy balance, specifically the role of dietary intake and nutritional status, physical activity and energy expenditure, and body composition on the pharmacokinetics of cancer therapeutics. As energy balance and pharmacokinetic factors can be influenced by age-related states of metabolism and comorbidities, this review also explores the age-related impact of body composition and physiologic changes on pharmacokinetics among pediatric and older adult populations with cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah A Purcell
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
- Irving K. Barber Faculty of Science, Department of Biology, University of British Columbia Okanagan, Kelowna, Canada
| | - Dieuwertje E Kok
- Division of Human Nutrition and Health, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - Tyler Ketterl
- Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology and Bone Marrow Transplant, Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Seattle Children’s Hospital, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Miriam B Garcia
- Division of Pediatrics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Lenat Joffe
- Division of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology, and Stem Cell Transplantation, Cohen Children’s Medical Center, Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra, Northwell Health, New Hyde Park, NY, USA
| | - Justin C Brown
- Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, LA, USA
| | - Christina M Dieli-Conwright
- Division of Population Sciences, Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Grant R Williams
- Institute for Cancer Outcomes and Survivorship, Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
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7
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Solis-Navarro L, Masot O, Torres-Castro R, Otto-Yáñez M, Fernández-Jané C, Solà-Madurell M, Coda A, Cyrus-Barker E, Sitjà-Rabert M, Pérez LM. Effects on Sleep Quality of Physical Exercise Programs in Older Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Clocks Sleep 2023; 5:152-166. [PMID: 37092426 PMCID: PMC10123754 DOI: 10.3390/clockssleep5020014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2023] [Revised: 03/05/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 04/25/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Given the beneficial effects of exercise in different populations and the close relationship between healthy ageing and sleep quality, our objective was to determine if physical exercise delivered through a structured program improves sleep quality in older adults. METHODS Embase, PubMed/MEDLINE, Web of Science, and Cochrane Register of Clinical Trials (CENTRAL) were searched to 15 January 2023. Studies that applied physical exercise programs in older adults were reviewed. Two independent reviewers analysed the studies, extracted the data, and assessed the quality of evidence. RESULTS Of the 2599 reports returned by the initial search, 13 articles reporting on 2612 patients were included in the data synthesis. The articles used interventions based on yoga (n = 5), multicomponent exercise (n = 3), walking (n = 2), cycling (n = 1), pilates (n = 1), elastic bands (n = 1), and healthy beat acupunch (n = 1). In the intervention group, we found significant improvement in Pittsburgh sleep quality index of -2.49 points (95% CI -3.84 to -1.14) in comparison to the control group (p = 0.0003) and sleep efficiency measured with objective instruments (MD 1.18%, 95% CI 0.86 to 1.50%, p < 0.0001). CONCLUSION Our results found that physical exercise programs in older adults improve sleep quality and efficiency measured with objective instruments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lilian Solis-Navarro
- Programa de Doctorat, Facultat Ciències de la Salut Blanquerna, Universitat Ramon Llull, 08025 Barcelona, Spain
- Blanquerna School of Health Sciences, Global Research on Wellbeing (GRoW), Universitat Ramon Llull, 08025 Barcelona, Spain
- Escuela de Kinesiología, Facultad de Salud y Odontología, Universidad Diego Portales, Santiago 8370109, Chile
| | - Olga Masot
- Department of Nursing and Physiotherapy, University of Lleida, 25198 Lleida, Spain
- Health Care Research Group (GRECS), Biomedical Research Institute of Lleida, 25198 Lleida, Spain
| | - Rodrigo Torres-Castro
- Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago 8380453, Chile
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), 08036 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Matías Otto-Yáñez
- Kinesiology School, Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Santiago 7500912, Chile
| | - Carles Fernández-Jané
- Blanquerna School of Health Sciences, Global Research on Wellbeing (GRoW), Universitat Ramon Llull, 08025 Barcelona, Spain
- Tecnocampus, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Mataró-Maresme, 08302 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Mireia Solà-Madurell
- Blanquerna School of Health Sciences, Global Research on Wellbeing (GRoW), Universitat Ramon Llull, 08025 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Andrea Coda
- School of Health Sciences, College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, University of Newcastle, Ourimbah, NSW 2258, Australia
- Equity in Health and Wellbeing Research Program, Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, NSW 2305, Australia
| | - Erika Cyrus-Barker
- Physical Therapy Department, Santa Paula University, San José 11803, Costa Rica
| | - Mercè Sitjà-Rabert
- Blanquerna School of Health Sciences, Global Research on Wellbeing (GRoW), Universitat Ramon Llull, 08025 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Laura Mónica Pérez
- Research on Aging, Frailty and Care Transitions in Barcelona (RE-FiT), Parc Sanitari Pere Virgili and Vall d'Hebron Institute (VHIR), 08023 Barcelona, Spain
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8
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Sadler DG, Treas L, Sikes JD, Porter C. A modest change in housing temperature alters whole body energy expenditure and adipocyte thermogenic capacity in mice. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2022; 323:E517-E528. [PMID: 36351253 PMCID: PMC9744648 DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.00079.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2022] [Revised: 10/28/2022] [Accepted: 11/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Typical vivarium temperatures (20-26°C) induce facultative thermogenesis in mice, a process attributable in part to uncoupling protein-1 (UCP1). The impact of modest changes in housing temperature on whole body and adipose tissue energetics in mice remains unclear. Here, we determined the effects of transitioning mice from 24°C to 30°C on total energy expenditure and adipose tissue protein signatures. C57BL/6J mice were housed at 24°C for 2 wk and then either remained at 24°C (n = 16/group, 8M/8F) or were transitioned to 30°C (n = 16/group, 8M/8F) for 4 wk. Total energy expenditure and its components were determined by indirect calorimetry. Interscapular brown adipose tissue (iBAT) and inguinal white adipose tissue (iWAT) proteins were quantified by Western blot and quantitative proteomics. Transitioning from 24°C to 30°C reduced total energy expenditure in both male (-25%) and female (-16%) mice, which was attributable to lower basal energy expenditure in males (-36%) and females (-40%). Total iBAT UCP1 protein content was 50% lower at 30°C compared with 24°C, whereas iWAT UCP1 protein content was similar between conditions. iBAT UCP1 protein content remained 20-fold greater than iWAT at 30°C. In iBAT and iWAT, 183 and 41 proteins were differentially expressed between 24°C and 30°C, respectively. iWAT proteins (257) differentially expressed between sexes at 30°C were not differentially expressed at 24°C. Thus, 30°C housing lowers total energy expenditure of mice when compared with an ambient temperature (24°C) that falls within the National Research Council's guidelines for housing laboratory mice. Lower iBAT UCP1 content accompanied chronic housing at 30°C. Furthermore, housing temperature influences sexual dimorphism in the iWAT proteome. These data have implications regarding the optimization of preclinical models of human disease.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Housing mice at 30°C reduced the basal and total energy expenditure compared with 24°C, which was accompanied by a reduction in brown adipose tissue UCP1 content. Proteomic profiling demonstrated the brown adipose tissue and white adipose tissue proteomes were largely influenced by housing temperature and sex, respectively. Therefore, 30°C housing revealed sexual dimorphism in the white adipose tissue proteome that was largely absent in animals housed at 24°C.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel G Sadler
- Arkansas Children's Research Institute, Arkansas Children's Nutrition Center and the University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas
| | - Lillie Treas
- Arkansas Children's Research Institute, Arkansas Children's Nutrition Center and the University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas
| | - James D Sikes
- Arkansas Children's Research Institute, Arkansas Children's Nutrition Center and the University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas
| | - Craig Porter
- Arkansas Children's Research Institute, Arkansas Children's Nutrition Center and the University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas
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9
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Tebar WR, Ritti-Dias RM, Fernandes RA, Damato TMM, de Barros MVG, Mota J, Andersen LB, Christofaro DGD. Validity and reliability of the Baecke questionnaire against accelerometer-measured physical activity in community dwelling adults according to educational level. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0270265. [PMID: 35969609 PMCID: PMC9377570 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0270265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2021] [Accepted: 06/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Baecke questionnaire have been widely used to assess physical activity. However, the role of educational level on validity and reliability of Baecke questionnaire is still not stablished, being a factor that can potentially influence the accuracy of self-reported measures. The present study aimed to verify the validity and reliability of Baecke questionnaire for the measurement of physical activity in community dwelling adults according to education level. The sample included 251 adults (42.4±17.0 years, 55% of women). Physical activity was self-reported by Baecke questionnaire and objectively measured by accelerometer. The education level (EL) was classified by years of study into low (<8 years), medium (8–11 years) and high (>11 years). A 7-day test-retest reliability was analyzed by intraclass correlation coefficient. The relationship, agreement and validity of the Baecke questionnaire against accelerometry were analyzed by Spearman’s correlation, Kappa index, and ROC curve, respectively. The reliability of Baecke questionnaire were r = 0.97 (high EL), r = 0.78 (medium EL), and r = 0.68 (low EL). Sensitivity and specificity were 77% and 71% in high EL, 54% and 80% in medium EL and 33% and 89% in the low EL. Baecke questionnaire proved to be reliable and a valid measurement of habitual physical activity in adults with medium and high EL.
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Affiliation(s)
- William R. Tebar
- Post-graduation Program in Movement Sciences, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Presidente Prudente, Brazil
- * E-mail:
| | - Raphael M. Ritti-Dias
- Universidade Nove de Julho–Post-graduation program in Rehabilitation Sciences, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Rômulo A. Fernandes
- Post-graduation Program in Movement Sciences, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Presidente Prudente, Brazil
| | - Tatiana M. M. Damato
- Post-graduation Program in Movement Sciences, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Presidente Prudente, Brazil
| | - Mauro V. G. de Barros
- Department of Physical Education, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (UFPE), Recife, Brazil
| | - Jorge Mota
- Research Center on Physical Activity, Health and Leisure (CIAFEL), Faculty of Sport, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | | | - Diego G. D. Christofaro
- Post-graduation Program in Movement Sciences, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Presidente Prudente, Brazil
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10
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Godoy-Corchuelo JM, Fernández-Beltrán LC, Ali Z, Gil-Moreno MJ, López-Carbonero JI, Guerrero-Sola A, Larrad-Sainz A, Matias-Guiu J, Matias-Guiu JA, Cunningham TJ, Corrochano S. Lipid Metabolic Alterations in the ALS-FTD Spectrum of Disorders. Biomedicines 2022; 10:1105. [PMID: 35625841 PMCID: PMC9138405 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10051105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2022] [Revised: 05/03/2022] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
There is an increasing interest in the study of the relation between alterations in systemic lipid metabolism and neurodegenerative disorders, in particular in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) and Frontotemporal Dementia (FTD). In ALS these alterations are well described and evident not only with the progression of the disease but also years before diagnosis. Still, there are some discrepancies in findings relating to the causal nature of lipid metabolic alterations, partly due to the great clinical heterogeneity in ALS. ALS presentation is within a disorder spectrum with Frontotemporal Dementia (FTD), and many patients present mixed forms of ALS and FTD, thus increasing the variability. Lipid metabolic and other systemic metabolic alterations have not been well studied in FTD, or in ALS-FTD mixed forms, as has been in pure ALS. With the recent development in lipidomics and the integration with other -omics platforms, there is now emerging data that not only facilitates the identification of biomarkers but also enables understanding of the underlying pathological mechanisms. Here, we reviewed the recent literature to compile lipid metabolic alterations in ALS, FTD, and intermediate mixed forms, with a view to appraising key commonalities or differences within the spectrum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Miguel Godoy-Corchuelo
- Neurological Disorders Group, Hospital Clínico San Carlos, IdISSC, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (J.M.G.-C.); (L.C.F.-B.); (M.J.G.-M.); (J.I.L.-C.); (A.G.-S.); (J.M.-G.); (J.A.M.-G.)
| | - Luis C. Fernández-Beltrán
- Neurological Disorders Group, Hospital Clínico San Carlos, IdISSC, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (J.M.G.-C.); (L.C.F.-B.); (M.J.G.-M.); (J.I.L.-C.); (A.G.-S.); (J.M.-G.); (J.A.M.-G.)
| | - Zeinab Ali
- MRC Harwell Institute, Harwell Campus, Oxfordshire OX11 0RD, UK; (Z.A.); (T.J.C.)
| | - María J. Gil-Moreno
- Neurological Disorders Group, Hospital Clínico San Carlos, IdISSC, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (J.M.G.-C.); (L.C.F.-B.); (M.J.G.-M.); (J.I.L.-C.); (A.G.-S.); (J.M.-G.); (J.A.M.-G.)
| | - Juan I. López-Carbonero
- Neurological Disorders Group, Hospital Clínico San Carlos, IdISSC, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (J.M.G.-C.); (L.C.F.-B.); (M.J.G.-M.); (J.I.L.-C.); (A.G.-S.); (J.M.-G.); (J.A.M.-G.)
| | - Antonio Guerrero-Sola
- Neurological Disorders Group, Hospital Clínico San Carlos, IdISSC, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (J.M.G.-C.); (L.C.F.-B.); (M.J.G.-M.); (J.I.L.-C.); (A.G.-S.); (J.M.-G.); (J.A.M.-G.)
| | - Angélica Larrad-Sainz
- Nutrition and Endocrinology Group, Hospital Clínico San Carlos, IdISSC, 28040 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Jorge Matias-Guiu
- Neurological Disorders Group, Hospital Clínico San Carlos, IdISSC, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (J.M.G.-C.); (L.C.F.-B.); (M.J.G.-M.); (J.I.L.-C.); (A.G.-S.); (J.M.-G.); (J.A.M.-G.)
| | - Jordi A. Matias-Guiu
- Neurological Disorders Group, Hospital Clínico San Carlos, IdISSC, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (J.M.G.-C.); (L.C.F.-B.); (M.J.G.-M.); (J.I.L.-C.); (A.G.-S.); (J.M.-G.); (J.A.M.-G.)
| | - Thomas J. Cunningham
- MRC Harwell Institute, Harwell Campus, Oxfordshire OX11 0RD, UK; (Z.A.); (T.J.C.)
- MRC Prion Unit at UCL, UCL Institute of Prion Diseases, London W1W 7FF, UK
| | - Silvia Corrochano
- Neurological Disorders Group, Hospital Clínico San Carlos, IdISSC, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (J.M.G.-C.); (L.C.F.-B.); (M.J.G.-M.); (J.I.L.-C.); (A.G.-S.); (J.M.-G.); (J.A.M.-G.)
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11
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Du Y, Xu T, Yin Z, Espinoza S, Xie Y, Gentry C, Tian Q, Zhao LJ, Shen H, Luo Z, Deng HW. Associations of physical activity with sarcopenia and sarcopenic obesity in middle-aged and older adults: the Louisiana osteoporosis study. BMC Public Health 2022; 22:896. [PMID: 35513868 PMCID: PMC9074188 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-022-13288-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2021] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study examined the associations between physical activity, obesity, and sarcopenia in middle-aged and older adults. METHODS We analyzed the data of 8, 919 study participants aged between 45 to 97 (mean age = 57.2 ± 8.8) from a Southern state in the United States. Self-reported physical activity was classified to regular exercise ≥ 3 times/week, < 3 times/week, and no regular exercise. Associations between physical activity, obesity and sarcopenia were explored with generalized linear models and ordinal logistic regressions stratified by age (middle-aged and older adults) and gender adjusting for covariates. RESULTS In middle-aged and older adults, all examined obesity related traits (e.g., body mass index, waist circumference) were inversely associated with physical activity levels (p < 0.01) in both genders. Exercising ≥ 3 times/week was negatively associated with lean mass indicators (e.g., appendicular lean mass) in middle-aged and older females (p < 0.01), while the negative associations become positive after adjusting for weight. Positive associations between physical activity and grip strength were only found in middle-aged males (p < 0.05). Ordinal logistic regression revealed that those exercising ≥ 3 times/week were less likely to have obesity, sarcopenia, and sarcopenia obesity in all groups (p < 0.01), except for sarcopenia in older males and females (p > 0.05). Positive associations of exercising < 3 times/week with sarcopenia and sarcopenia obesity were only found in middled adults. CONCLUSION The associations of exercise frequency with obesity and sarcopenia vary considerably across gender and age groups. Exercise programs need to be individualized to optimize health benefits. Future research exploring physical activity strategies to balance weight reduction and lean mass maintaining is warranted in middle-aged and especially older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Du
- School of Nursing, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, USA
| | - Tao Xu
- College of Public Health, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| | - Zenong Yin
- Department of Public Health, University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, USA
| | - Sara Espinoza
- San Antonio Geriatric Research, Education, and Clinical Center, San Antonio, Texas, USA
- Division of Geriatrics, Gerontology & Palliative Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, USA
- Sam and Ann Barshop Institute for Longevity and Aging Studies, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, USA
| | - Yiqiong Xie
- Real World Research, Ontada, The Woodlands, Houston, USA
| | - Caleb Gentry
- Brown School at Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, USA
| | - Qing Tian
- Center for Bioinformatics and Genomics, School of Medicine, Tulane University; New Orleans, LA, New Orleans, United States of America
| | - Lan-Juan Zhao
- Center for Bioinformatics and Genomics, School of Medicine, Tulane University; New Orleans, LA, New Orleans, United States of America
| | - Hui Shen
- Center for Bioinformatics and Genomics, School of Medicine, Tulane University; New Orleans, LA, New Orleans, United States of America
| | - Zhe Luo
- Center for Bioinformatics and Genomics, School of Medicine, Tulane University; New Orleans, LA, New Orleans, United States of America
| | - Hong-Wen Deng
- Center for Bioinformatics and Genomics, School of Medicine, Tulane University; New Orleans, LA, New Orleans, United States of America.
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12
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Albalawi A, Hambly C, Speakman JR. The usage of different types of food outlets was not significantly associated with body mass index during the third COVID‐19 national lockdown in the United Kingdom. Obes Sci Pract 2022; 8:411-422. [PMID: 35949280 PMCID: PMC9358736 DOI: 10.1002/osp4.579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2021] [Revised: 11/22/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The United Kingdom (UK) implemented several national lockdowns during the coronavirus pandemic during which restaurants were closed and people were advised to stay at home if possible. These restrictions were eased and reapplied multiple times between March 2020 and May 2021. The change in restaurant access and prolonged restriction of activity may have an impact on body weight. Aim The aim of this study was to examine the impact of multiple lockdowns on body mass index (BMI) change from pre‐pandemic till during the third lockdown and on the use of different types of food outlets and their association with BMI change. Materials and Method Surveys of usage of different types of food outlets were distributed online before the lockdown between 06 January and 12 December 2019 and during the third national lockdown between 29 March and 25 April 2021. The food outlet usage surveys were filled out for seven consecutive days. Self‐reported BMI was reported before the pandemic and during the third phase of the lockdown. The total number of individuals who started the study before the pandemic was 681, and 60 participants completed the surveys during the third phase of lockdown. Results For the 60 participants in both surveys mean BMI was significantly higher during the third lockdown (28.6 ± 5.9 kg.m2) in comparison with the mean BMI before the pandemic 2019 (28.0 ± 5.5 kg.m2) (paired T = 3.09, p < 0.003). There was a significant positive association between BMI change, total number of days spent in lockdown (β = 0.05, p < 0.01, R2 = 9.99), and age (β = 0.06, p < 0.007, R2 = 11.8). There was no significant association between change in BMI and change in the frequency of using fast food restaurants (FFRs), full‐service restaurants (FSRs), and delivery and takeaways. Conclusion BMI was increased significantly during the lockdown in comparison with prior to the pandemic. Individuals gained more weight the longer they stayed at home during lockdowns, and physical activity was reduced to approximately half. However, the BMI change was not related to the change in use of different types of food outlets. This pattern does not support the widespread belief that visiting restaurants or using delivery and takeaway services has a significant impact on body weight.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad Albalawi
- School of Biological Sciences University of Aberdeen Aberdeen UK
- School of Applied Medical Sciences University of Tabuk Tabuk Saudi Arabia
| | - Catherine Hambly
- School of Biological Sciences University of Aberdeen Aberdeen UK
| | - John R. Speakman
- School of Biological Sciences University of Aberdeen Aberdeen UK
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Metabolic Health Center for Energy Metabolism and Reproduction Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology Shenzhen China
- Key State Lab of Molecular Development Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China
- Centre of Excellence in Animal Evolution and Genetics Chinese Academy of Sciences Yunnan China
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13
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Total energy expenditure is repeatable in adults but not associated with short-term changes in body composition. Nat Commun 2022; 13:99. [PMID: 35013190 PMCID: PMC8748652 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-27246-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2020] [Accepted: 11/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Low total energy expenditure (TEE, MJ/d) has been a hypothesized risk factor for weight gain, but repeatability of TEE, a critical variable in longitudinal studies of energy balance, is understudied. We examine repeated doubly labeled water (DLW) measurements of TEE in 348 adults and 47 children from the IAEA DLW Database (mean ± SD time interval: 1.9 ± 2.9 y) to assess repeatability of TEE, and to examine if TEE adjusted for age, sex, fat-free mass, and fat mass is associated with changes in weight or body composition. Here, we report that repeatability of TEE is high for adults, but not children. Bivariate Bayesian mixed models show no among or within-individual correlation between body composition (fat mass or percentage) and unadjusted TEE in adults. For adults aged 20–60 y (N = 267; time interval: 7.4 ± 12.2 weeks), increases in adjusted TEE are associated with weight gain but not with changes in body composition; results are similar for subjects with intervals >4 weeks (N = 53; 29.1 ± 12.8 weeks). This suggests low TEE is not a risk factor for, and high TEE is not protective against, weight or body fat gain over the time intervals tested. Low total energy expenditure (TEE) has been a hypothesized risk factor for weight gain, but longitudinal repeatability of TEE is incompletely understood. Here the authors report that TEE is repeatable for adults, but not for children, and increases in TEE (adjusted for fat-free mass, fat mass, age and sex) are not associated with body composition changes in short-term longitudinal analyses.
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14
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Li M, Speakman JR. Setting Ambient Temperature Conditions to Optimize Translation of Molecular Work from the Mouse to Human: The "Goldilocks Solution". Methods Mol Biol 2022; 2448:235-250. [PMID: 35167101 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-2087-8_15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Temperature has a profound effect on many aspects of murine physiology. This raises the question of the best temperature at which mice should be housed to maximize the translational potential to humans. The temperatures at which mice have been routinely kept for studies of molecular physiology (20-21 °C) maximize the comfort of animal handling staff. There is a widespread movement suggesting we should perform experiments instead on mice housed at 30 °C. This often produces very different outcomes. Here we analyze the basis of this suggestion and show that while 20-21 °C is too cold, 30 °C is probably too hot. Rather we suggest an intermediate temperature "the Goldilocks solution" of 25-26 °C is probably optimal. This should be combined with providing animals with nesting material so that they can construct nests to generate microclimates that are within their own control. Providing copious nesting material has additional spin-off advantages in terms of increasing environmental enrichment. Ultimately, however, advocating a single temperature to mimic human physiology is plagued by the problem that humans vary widely in the temperature environments they experience, with consequences for human disease. Hence studying responses at a range of temperatures may provide the greatest insights and translational potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Li
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Metabolic Health, Center for Energy Metabolism and Reproduction, Shenzhen, Institutes of Advanced Technology, Shenzhen, China
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Scotland, UK
| | - John R Speakman
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Metabolic Health, Center for Energy Metabolism and Reproduction, Shenzhen, Institutes of Advanced Technology, Shenzhen, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
- University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Scotland, UK.
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15
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Vogel O, Niederer D, Vogt L. Multimodal Exercise Effects in Older Adults Depend on Sleep, Movement Biography, and Habitual Physical Activity: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Front Aging Neurosci 2021; 13:722799. [PMID: 34744686 PMCID: PMC8570408 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2021.722799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2021] [Accepted: 09/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The promotion of healthy aging is one of the major challenges for healthcare systems in current times. The present study investigates the effects of a standardized physical activity intervention for older adults on cognitive capacity, self-reported health, fear of falls, balance, leg strength and gait under consideration of movement biography, sleep duration, and current activity behavior. Methods: This single-blinded, randomized controlled trial included 49 community-dwelling older adults (36 women; 82.9 ± 4.5 years of age (Mean [M] ± SD); intervention group = 25; control group = 24). Movement biography, sleep duration, cognitive capacity, self-reported health status, and fear of falls were assessed by means of questionnaires. Leg strength, gait, and current activity levels were captured using a pressure plate, accelerometers, and conducting the functional-reach and chair-rising-test. The multicomponent intervention took place twice a week for 45 min and lasted 16 weeks. Sub-cohorts of different sleep duration were formed to distinguish between intervention effects and benefits of healthy sleep durations. Change scores were evaluated in univariate analyses of covariances (ANCOVAs) between groups and sub-cohorts of different sleep duration in both groups. Changes in cognitive capacity, self-reported health, fear of falls, balance, leg strength, and gait were investigated using the respective baseline values, movement biography, and current activity levels as covariates. Analysis was by intention-to-treat (ITT). Results: We found sub-cohort differences in cognitive capacity change scores [F (3,48) = 5.498, p = 0.003, ηp 2 = 0.287]. Effects on fear of falls [F (1,48) = 12.961, p = 0.001, ηp 2 = 0.240] and balance change scores F (1,48) = 4.521, p = 0.040, ηp 2 = (0.099) were modified by the level of current activity. Effects on gait cadence were modified by the movement biography [F (1,48) = 4.545; p = 0.039, ηp 2 = 0.100]. Conclusions: Unlike for functional outcomes, our multicomponent intervention in combination with adequate sleep duration appears to provide combinable beneficial effects for cognitive capacity in older adults. Trainability of gait, fear of falls, and flexibility seems to be affected by movement biography and current physical activity levels. Trial registration: This study was registered at the DRKS (German Clinical Trials Register) on November 11, 2020 with the corresponding trial number: DRKS00020472.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oliver Vogel
- Department of Sports Medicine and Exercise Physiology, Institute of Sports Sciences, Johann Wolfgang Goethe-University, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Daniel Niederer
- Department of Sports Medicine and Exercise Physiology, Institute of Sports Sciences, Johann Wolfgang Goethe-University, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Lutz Vogt
- Department of Sports Medicine and Exercise Physiology, Institute of Sports Sciences, Johann Wolfgang Goethe-University, Frankfurt, Germany
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16
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Ishikawa-Takata K, Nakae S, Sasaki S, Katsukawa F, Tanaka S. Age-Related Decline in Physical Activity Level in the Healthy Older Japanese Population. J Nutr Sci Vitaminol (Tokyo) 2021; 67:330-338. [PMID: 34719619 DOI: 10.3177/jnsv.67.330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
The Dietary Reference Intakes 2020 divided the older population into those aged 65-74 y and those over 75 y old. However, physical activity level in each age group was not specified. This study examined age-related differences in physical activity level among healthy Japanese older people, and the effect of lifestyles on these differences. In total, 70 people (22 men, 48 women) aged 65-85 y old participated in this study. Total energy expenditure was measured using the doubly labeled water method, and basal metabolic rate using expired gas concentration and volume. The Physical Activity Scale for the Elderly and a triaxial accelerometer were used to assess physical activities. Physical activity level was significantly higher among 65-74 y old (median 1.86) than those over 75 y old (1.76). However, the Physical Activity Scale for the Elderly did not show any significant differences between the age groups. The duration of physical activity with 3.0-5.9 metabolic equivalents was longer for both locomotive and household activities among 65-74 y old than those over 75 y old. Younger participants walked a median of 6,364 steps a day, compared with 4,419 steps for older people. The 65-74 y old participants involved in paid work or who habitually exercised, and those over 75 y old taking more than 40 min a day of moderate to vigorous physical activity, and walking more than the median level for their sex and age group had significantly higher physical activity levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuko Ishikawa-Takata
- Department of Nutrition and Metabolism, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition.,Faculty of Applied Biosciences, Tokyo University of Agriculture
| | - Satoshi Nakae
- Department of Nutrition and Metabolism, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition.,Division of Bioengineering, Graduate School of Engineering Science, Osaka University
| | - Satoshi Sasaki
- Department of Social and Preventive Epidemiology, School of Public Health, The University of Tokyo
| | | | - Shigeho Tanaka
- Department of Nutrition and Metabolism, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition.,Faculty of Nutrition, Kagawa Nutrition University
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17
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D'Amore C, Reid JC, Chan M, Fan S, Huang A, Louie J, Tran A, Chauvin S, Beauchamp MK. Smart technology vs. face-to-face physical activity interventions in older adults: a systematic review protocol. JBI Evid Synth 2021; 19:2801-2812. [PMID: 34494613 DOI: 10.11124/jbies-21-00072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The objective of this review is to determine the effect of physical activity interventions delivered via smart technology compared with face-to-face interventions for improving physical activity and physical function in older adults. INTRODUCTION Physical activity is a modifiable risk factor for multiple noncommunicable diseases and reduces the risk of premature mortality. Despite this, one in four adults does not meet recommended levels of physical activity. This pattern of inactivity increases with age. Smart technology, such as wearables, tablets, or laptops, is one solution for improving physical activity. Research has shown that different smart technology solutions can increase physical activity in older adults. While individual studies support smart technology to increase physical activity, there are no systematic reviews comparing the effects of smart technology with traditional face-to-face physical activity interventions. INCLUSION CRITERIA We will include randomized controlled trials of physical activity interventions delivered via smart technology (eg, wearables, tablets, computers) compared with face-to-face (ie, in person) interventions for community-dwelling older adults aged 60 years or older. METHODS We will search four databases (AMED, CINAHL, Embase, MEDLINE) from inception for relevant studies. All abstracts and full texts will be screened independently and in duplicate. Risk of bias, data extraction, and quality assessment will be completed in the same manner. If possible, a meta-analysis will be performed of the primary outcomes of physical activity, physical function, and adherence rate. Subgroup analyses will be conducted by type of physical activity, and type of smart technology, where possible. SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION NUMBER PROSPERO CRD42020135232.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cassandra D'Amore
- School of Rehabilitation Science, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Julie C Reid
- School of Rehabilitation Science, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Matthew Chan
- School of Rehabilitation Science, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Samuel Fan
- School of Rehabilitation Science, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Amanda Huang
- School of Rehabilitation Science, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Jonathan Louie
- School of Rehabilitation Science, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Andy Tran
- School of Rehabilitation Science, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Stephanie Chauvin
- Department of Physical Therapy, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Marla K Beauchamp
- School of Rehabilitation Science, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.,Research Institute at St Joseph's Healthcare, Hamilton, ON, Canada.,Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
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18
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Ehrenkranz R, Rosso AL, Sprague BN, Tian Q, Gmelin T, Bohnen N, Simonsick EM, Glynn NW, Rosano C. Functional correlates of self-reported energy levels in the Health, Aging and Body Composition Study. Aging Clin Exp Res 2021; 33:2787-2795. [PMID: 33751489 PMCID: PMC8531104 DOI: 10.1007/s40520-021-01788-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2020] [Accepted: 01/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Effects of fatigue on health in older age are well studied, yet little is known about the clinical relevance of energy perception. AIMS To explore cross-sectional associations of self-reported energy with physical and mental health metrics in the Health, Aging, and Body Composition Study. METHODS Participants rated their energy from 0 to 10; the outcome was energy dichotomized at the median (≥ 7 = higher energy). Four domains were assessed: depressive symptoms (Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale); physical performance (function: usual and rapid gait speed; fitness: 400-m walk time); physical activity (casual walking, walking for exercise, and intense exercise); and cognitive function (Modified Mini-Mental State Examination and Digit Symbol Substitution Test). Covariates bivariately associated with energy entered a multivariable logistic regression model, adjusted for demographics, chronic conditions, and strength. RESULTS Depressive symptoms, physical performance and activity, but not cognition, were bivariately associated with energy (p < 0.0005). Younger age, male sex, greater strength, and absence of chronic conditions predicted higher energy (p < 0.001). In a multivariable model, depressive symptoms [adjusted odds ratio (aOR) 95% CI 0.69 (0.62, 0.76)] and 400-m walk times [aOR = 0.81 (0.72, 0.91)] were inversely associated with energy; usual and rapid gait speed [aOR = 1.3 (1.2, 1.4); aOR = 1.2 (1.1-1.4)], and time spent in intense exercise [aOR = 1.4 (1.1-1.7)] were positively associated with energy. DISCUSSION In this cohort with a range of chronic conditions and fatigue, perceiving higher energy levels may reflect better emotional and physical health. CONCLUSION Energy should be considered in multidimensional clinical assessments of older age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca Ehrenkranz
- Department of Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
| | - Andrea L Rosso
- Department of Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Briana N Sprague
- Department of Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Qu Tian
- Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Theresa Gmelin
- Department of Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Nicolaas Bohnen
- Department of Neurology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Eleanor M Simonsick
- Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Nancy W Glynn
- Department of Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Caterina Rosano
- Department of Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
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19
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Westerterp KR, Yamada Y, Sagayama H, Ainslie PN, Andersen LF, Anderson LJ, Arab L, Baddou I, Bedu-Addo K, Blaak EE, Blanc S, Bonomi AG, Bouten CVC, Bovet P, Buchowski MS, Butte NF, Camps SGJA, Close GL, Cooper JA, Das SK, Cooper R, Dugas LR, Ekelund U, Entringer S, Forrester T, Fudge BW, Goris AH, Gurven M, Hambly C, El Hamdouchi A, Hoos MB, Hu S, Joonas N, Joosen AM, Katzmarzyk P, Kempen KP, Kimura M, Kraus WE, Kushner RF, Lambert EV, Leonard WR, Lessan N, Martin CK, Medin AC, Meijer EP, Morehen JC, Morton JP, Neuhouser ML, Nicklas TA, Ojiambo RM, Pietiläinen KH, Pitsiladis YP, Plange-Rhule J, Plasqui G, Prentice RL, Rabinovich RA, Racette SB, Raichlen DA, Ravussin E, Reynolds RM, Roberts SB, Schuit AJ, Sjödin AM, Stice E, Urlacher SS, Valenti G, Van Etten LM, Van Mil EA, Wells JCK, Wilson G, Wood BM, Yanovski J, Yoshida T, Zhang X, Murphy-Alford AJ, Loechl CU, Luke AH, Pontzer H, Rood J, Schoeller DA, Wong WW, Speakman JR. Physical activity and fat-free mass during growth and in later life. Am J Clin Nutr 2021; 114:1583-1589. [PMID: 34477824 PMCID: PMC8574623 DOI: 10.1093/ajcn/nqab260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Accepted: 07/14/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Physical activity may be a way to increase and maintain fat-free mass (FFM) in later life, similar to the prevention of fractures by increasing peak bone mass. OBJECTIVES A study is presented of the association between FFM and physical activity in relation to age. METHODS In a cross-sectional study, FFM was analyzed in relation to physical activity in a large participant group as compiled in the International Atomic Energy Agency Doubly Labeled Water database. The database included 2000 participants, age 3-96 y, with measurements of total energy expenditure (TEE) and resting energy expenditure (REE) to allow calculation of physical activity level (PAL = TEE/REE), and calculation of FFM from isotope dilution. RESULTS PAL was a main determinant of body composition at all ages. Models with age, fat mass (FM), and PAL explained 76% and 85% of the variation in FFM in females and males < 18 y old, and 32% and 47% of the variation in FFM in females and males ≥ 18 y old, respectively. In participants < 18 y old, mean FM-adjusted FFM was 1.7 kg (95% CI: 0.1, 3.2 kg) and 3.4 kg (95% CI: 1.0, 5.6 kg) higher in a very active participant with PAL = 2.0 than in a sedentary participant with PAL = 1.5, for females and males, respectively. At age 18 y, height and FM-adjusted FFM was 3.6 kg (95% CI: 2.8, 4.4 kg) and 4.4 kg (95% CI: 3.2, 5.7 kg) higher, and at age 80 y 0.7 kg (95% CI: -0.2, 1.7 kg) and 1.0 kg (95% CI: -0.1, 2.1 kg) higher, in a participant with PAL = 2.0 than in a participant with PAL = 1.5, for females and males, respectively. CONCLUSIONS If these associations are causal, they suggest physical activity is a major determinant of body composition as reflected in peak FFM, and that a physically active lifestyle can only partly protect against loss of FFM in aging adults.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yosuke Yamada
- National Institute of Health and Nutrition, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, Tokyo, Japan,Institute for Active Health, Kyoto University of Advanced Science, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Sagayama
- Faculty of Health and Sport Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Philip N Ainslie
- Research Institute for Sport and Exercise Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Lene F Andersen
- Department of Nutrition, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Liam J Anderson
- Research Institute for Sport and Exercise Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, United Kingdom,Crewe Alexandra Football Club, Crewe, United Kingdom
| | - Lenore Arab
- David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Issaad Baddou
- Unité Mixte de Recherche en Nutrition et Alimentation, CNESTEN–Université Ibn Tofail URAC39, Regional Designated Center of Nutrition Associated with African Regional Agreement for Research/International Atomic Energy Agency, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Kweku Bedu-Addo
- Department of Physiology, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
| | - Ellen E Blaak
- Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Stephane Blanc
- Nutritional Sciences, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA,Institut Pluridisciplinaire Hubert Curien. CNRS Université de Strasbourg, UMR7178, Strasbourg, France
| | | | - Carlijn V C Bouten
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Pascal Bovet
- University Center for Primary Care and Public Health (Unisanté), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Maciej S Buchowski
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Nancy F Butte
- Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, USDA/Agricultural Research Service Children's Nutrition Research Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Stefan G J A Camps
- Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Graeme L Close
- Research Institute for Sport and Exercise Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Jamie A Cooper
- Nutritional Sciences, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Sai K Das
- Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Richard Cooper
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Parkinson School of Health Sciences and Public Health, Loyola University, Maywood, IL, USA
| | - Lara R Dugas
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Parkinson School of Health Sciences and Public Health, Loyola University, Maywood, IL, USA
| | - Ulf Ekelund
- Department of Sport Medicine, Norwegian School of Sport Sciences, Oslo, Norway
| | - Sonja Entringer
- Institute of Medical Psychology, Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Berlin, Germany,Department of Pediatrics, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Terrence Forrester
- Solutions for Developing Countries, University of the West Indies, Mona, Kingston, Jamaica
| | - Barry W Fudge
- Institute of Biomedical and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Annelies H Goris
- Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Michael Gurven
- Department of Anthropology, University of California Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA, USA
| | - Catherine Hambly
- Institute of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, United Kingdom
| | - Asmaa El Hamdouchi
- Unité Mixte de Recherche en Nutrition et Alimentation, CNESTEN–Université Ibn Tofail URAC39, Regional Designated Center of Nutrition Associated with African Regional Agreement for Research/International Atomic Energy Agency, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Marije B Hoos
- Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Sumei Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Noorjehan Joonas
- Central Health Laboratory, Ministry of Health and Wellness, Port Louis, Mauritius
| | - Annemiek M Joosen
- Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | | | - Kitty P Kempen
- Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Misaka Kimura
- National Institute of Health and Nutrition, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - Robert F Kushner
- Department of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Estelle V Lambert
- Research Unit for Exercise Science and Sports Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - William R Leonard
- Department of Anthropology, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - Nader Lessan
- Imperial College London Diabetes Centre, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Corby K Martin
- Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, LA, USA
| | - Anine C Medin
- Department of Nutrition, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway,Department of Nutrition and Public Health, Faculty of Health and Sport Sciences, University of Agder, Kristiansand, Norway
| | - Erwin P Meijer
- Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - James C Morehen
- Research Institute for Sport and Exercise Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, United Kingdom,The FA Group, Burton-Upon-Trent, United Kingdom
| | - James P Morton
- Research Institute for Sport and Exercise Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Marian L Neuhouser
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center and School of Public Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Theresa A Nicklas
- Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, USDA/Agricultural Research Service Children's Nutrition Research Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Robert M Ojiambo
- Department of Medical Physiology, Moi University, Eldoret, Kenya,Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Global Health Equity, Butaro, Rwanda
| | | | - Yannis P Pitsiladis
- Collaborating Centre of Sports Medicine, University of Brighton, Eastbourne, United Kingdom
| | - Jacob Plange-Rhule
- Department of Physiology, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
| | - Guy Plasqui
- Department of Nutrition and Movement Sciences, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Ross L Prentice
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center and School of Public Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Roberto A Rabinovich
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Susan B Racette
- Program in Physical Therapy and Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - David A Raichlen
- Biological Sciences and Anthropology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Eric Ravussin
- Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, LA, USA
| | - Rebecca M Reynolds
- Centre for Cardiovascular Sciences, Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Susan B Roberts
- Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Albertine J Schuit
- School of Social and Behavioural Sciences, University of Tilburg, Tilburg, The Netherlands
| | - Anders M Sjödin
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, Copenhagen University, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Eric Stice
- Department of Psychiatry, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | | | - Giulio Valenti
- Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Ludo M Van Etten
- Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Edgar A Van Mil
- Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, and Faculty of Science and Engineering, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Jonathan C K Wells
- Population, Policy and Practice Research and Teaching Department, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London, United Kingdom
| | - George Wilson
- Research Institute for Sport and Exercise Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Brian M Wood
- Department of Antropology, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA,Department of Human Behavior, Ecology, and Culture, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Jack Yanovski
- Section on Growth and Obesity, Division of Intramural Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Tsukasa Yoshida
- Faculty of Health and Sport Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Xueying Zhang
- Institute of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, United Kingdom,State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Alexia J Murphy-Alford
- Nutritional and Health-Related Environmental Studies Section, Division of Human Health, International Atomic Energy Agency, Vienna, Austria
| | - Cornelia U Loechl
- Nutritional and Health-Related Environmental Studies Section, Division of Human Health, International Atomic Energy Agency, Vienna, Austria
| | - Amy H Luke
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Public Health Sciences, Loyola University School of Medicine, Maywood, IL, USA
| | - Herman Pontzer
- Evolutionary Anthropology, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA,Duke Global Health Institute, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Jennifer Rood
- Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, LA, USA
| | - Dale A Schoeller
- Biotech Center and Nutritional Sciences, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA
| | - William W Wong
- Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, USDA/Agricultural Research Service Children's Nutrition Research Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - John R Speakman
- Address correspondence to JRS (E-mail: ) and AHL, HP, JR, HS, DAS, YY, and WWW as members of the database management group and additional corresponding authors
| | - International Atomic Energy Agency Doubly Labeled Water database group
BranthStefanUniversity of Uppsala, Uppsala, SwedenColbertLisa HKinesiology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USADe BruinNiels CErasmus University, Rotterdam, NetherlandsDutmanAlice ETNO Quality of Life, Zeist, NetherlandsElmståhlSölveLund University, Lund, SwedenFogelholmMikaelDepartment of Food and Nutrition, Helsinki, FinlandHarrisTamaraNIH, Bethesda, MD, USAHeijligenbergRikAcademic Medical Center of Amsterdam University, Amsterdam, NetherlandsJorgensenHans UBispebjerg Hospital, Copenhagen, DenmarkLarssonChristel LRothenbergElisabet MUniversity of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, SwedenMcCloskeyMargaretRoyal Belfast Hospital for Sick Children, Belfast, United KingdomMeijerGerwin APannemansDaphne LSchulzSabineVan den Berg-EmonsRitaVan GemertWim GWilhelmineWVerboeket-van deVenneVerbuntJeanine AMaastricht University, Maastricht, NetherlandsPhilippaertsRenaat MKatholieke University Leuven, Leuven, BelgiumSubarAmyEpidemiology and Genomics, Division of Cancer Control, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USATanskanenMinnaUniversity of Jyväskilä, Jyväskilä, FinlandUauyRicardoInstitute of Nutrition and Food Technology (INTA), University of Chile, Santiago, ChileVelthuis-te WierikErica JTNO Nutrition and Food Research Institute, Zeist, Netherlands
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20
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Yanai S, Endo S. Functional Aging in Male C57BL/6J Mice Across the Life-Span: A Systematic Behavioral Analysis of Motor, Emotional, and Memory Function to Define an Aging Phenotype. Front Aging Neurosci 2021; 13:697621. [PMID: 34408644 PMCID: PMC8365336 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2021.697621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2021] [Accepted: 07/02/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Aging is characterized generally by progressive and overall physiological decline of functions and is observed in all animals. A long line of evidence has established the laboratory mouse as the prime model of human aging. However, relatively little is known about the detailed behavioral and functional changes that occur across their lifespan, and how this maps onto the phenotype of human aging. To better understand age-related changes across the life-span, we characterized functional aging in male C57BL/6J mice of five different ages (3, 6, 12, 18, and 22 months of age) using a multi-domain behavioral test battery. Spatial memory and physical activities, including locomotor activity, gait velocity, and grip strength progressively declined with increasing age, although at different rates; anxiety-like behaviors increased with aging. Estimated age-related patterns showed that these functional alterations across ages are non-linear, and the patterns are unique for each behavioral trait. Physical function progressively declines, starting as early as 6 months of age in mice, while cognitive function begins to decline later, with considerable impairment present at 22 months of age. Importantly, functional aging of male C57BL/6J mouse starts at younger relative ages compared to when it starts in humans. Our study suggests that human-equivalent ages of mouse might be better determined on the basis of its functional capabilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuichi Yanai
- Aging Neuroscience Research Team, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shogo Endo
- Aging Neuroscience Research Team, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan
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21
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Pontzer H, Yamada Y, Sagayama H, Ainslie PN, Andersen LF, Anderson LJ, Arab L, Baddou I, Bedu-Addo K, Blaak EE, Blanc S, Bonomi AG, Bouten CVC, Bovet P, Buchowski MS, Butte NF, Camps SG, Close GL, Cooper JA, Cooper R, Das SK, Dugas LR, Ekelund U, Entringer S, Forrester T, Fudge BW, Goris AH, Gurven M, Hambly C, El Hamdouchi A, Hoos MB, Hu S, Joonas N, Joosen AM, Katzmarzyk P, Kempen KP, Kimura M, Kraus WE, Kushner RF, Lambert EV, Leonard WR, Lessan N, Martin C, Medin AC, Meijer EP, Morehen JC, Morton JP, Neuhouser ML, Nicklas TA, Ojiambo RM, Pietiläinen KH, Pitsiladis YP, Plange-Rhule J, Plasqui G, Prentice RL, Rabinovich RA, Racette SB, Raichlen DA, Ravussin E, Reynolds RM, Roberts SB, Schuit AJ, Sjödin AM, Stice E, Urlacher SS, Valenti G, Van Etten LM, Van Mil EA, Wells JCK, Wilson G, Wood BM, Yanovski J, Yoshida T, Zhang X, Murphy-Alford AJ, Loechl C, Luke AH, Rood J, Schoeller DA, Westerterp KR, Wong WW, Speakman JR. Daily energy expenditure through the human life course. Science 2021; 373:808-812. [PMID: 34385400 DOI: 10.1126/science.abe5017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 188] [Impact Index Per Article: 62.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2020] [Accepted: 06/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Total daily energy expenditure ("total expenditure") reflects daily energy needs and is a critical variable in human health and physiology, but its trajectory over the life course is poorly studied. We analyzed a large, diverse database of total expenditure measured by the doubly labeled water method for males and females aged 8 days to 95 years. Total expenditure increased with fat-free mass in a power-law manner, with four distinct life stages. Fat-free mass-adjusted expenditure accelerates rapidly in neonates to ~50% above adult values at ~1 year; declines slowly to adult levels by ~20 years; remains stable in adulthood (20 to 60 years), even during pregnancy; then declines in older adults. These changes shed light on human development and aging and should help shape nutrition and health strategies across the life span.
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Affiliation(s)
- Herman Pontzer
- Department of Evolutionary Anthropology, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA. .,Duke Global Health Institute, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Yosuke Yamada
- Institute for Active Health, Kyoto University of Advanced Science, Kyoto, Japan. .,National Institute of Health and Nutrition, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Sagayama
- Faculty of Health and Sport Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan.
| | - Philip N Ainslie
- Research Institute for Sport and Exercise Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, UK
| | - Lene F Andersen
- Department of Nutrition, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, 0317 Oslo, Norway
| | - Liam J Anderson
- Research Institute for Sport and Exercise Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, UK.,Crewe Alexandra Football Club, Crewe, UK
| | - Lenore Arab
- David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles
| | - Issaad Baddou
- Unité Mixte de Recherche en Nutrition et Alimentation, CNESTEN-Université Ibn Tofail URAC39, Regional Designated Center of Nutrition Associated with AFRA/IAEA, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Kweku Bedu-Addo
- Department of Physiology, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
| | | | - Stephane Blanc
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA.,Institut Pluridisciplinaire Hubert Curien, CNRS Université de Strasbourg, UMR7178, France
| | | | | | - Pascal Bovet
- Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Maciej S Buchowski
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutritiion, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Nancy F Butte
- Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, USDA/ARS Children's Nutrition Research Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | | | - Graeme L Close
- Research Institute for Sport and Exercise Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, UK
| | - Jamie A Cooper
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Richard Cooper
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Parkinson School of Health Sciences and Public Health, Loyola University, Maywood, IL, USA
| | - Sai Krupa Das
- Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University, 711 Washington Street, Boston, MA 02111, USA
| | - Lara R Dugas
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Parkinson School of Health Sciences and Public Health, Loyola University, Maywood, IL, USA
| | - Ulf Ekelund
- Department of Sport Medicine, Norwegian School of Sport Sciences, Oslo, Norway
| | - Sonja Entringer
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Institute of Medical Psychology, Berlin, Germany.,School of Medicine, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Terrence Forrester
- Solutions for Developing Countries, University of the West Indies, Mona, Kingston, Jamaica
| | - Barry W Fudge
- Department of Biomedical and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | | | - Michael Gurven
- Department of Anthropology, University of California Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA, USA
| | - Catherine Hambly
- Institute of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK
| | - Asmaa El Hamdouchi
- Unité Mixte de Recherche en Nutrition et Alimentation, CNESTEN-Université Ibn Tofail URAC39, Regional Designated Center of Nutrition Associated with AFRA/IAEA, Rabat, Morocco
| | | | - Sumei Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Noorjehan Joonas
- Central Health Laboratory, Ministry of Health and Wellness, Candos, Mauritius
| | | | | | | | - Misaka Kimura
- Institute for Active Health, Kyoto University of Advanced Science, Kyoto, Japan
| | | | - Robert F Kushner
- Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Estelle V Lambert
- Health through Physical Activity, Lifestyle and Sport Research Centre (HPALS), Division of Exercise Science and Sports Medicine (ESSM), FIMS International Collaborating Centre of Sports Medicine, Department of Human Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - William R Leonard
- Department of Anthropology, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - Nader Lessan
- Imperial College London Diabetes Centre, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates and Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Corby Martin
- Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, LA, USA
| | - Anine C Medin
- Department of Nutrition, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, 0317 Oslo, Norway.,Department of Nutrition and Public Health, Faculty of Health and Sport Sciences, University of Agder, 4630 Kristiansand, Norway
| | | | - James C Morehen
- The FA Group, Burton-Upon-Trent, Staffordshire, UK.,Research Institute for Sport and Exercise Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, UK
| | - James P Morton
- Research Institute for Sport and Exercise Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, UK
| | - Marian L Neuhouser
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center and School of Public Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Teresa A Nicklas
- Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, USDA/ARS Children's Nutrition Research Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Robert M Ojiambo
- Kenya School of Medicine, Moi University, Eldoret, Kenya.,Rwanda Division of Basic Sciences, University of Global Health Equity, Rwanda
| | | | - Yannis P Pitsiladis
- School of Sport and Service Management, University of Brighton, Eastbourne, UK
| | - Jacob Plange-Rhule
- Department of Physiology, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
| | - Guy Plasqui
- Department of Nutrition and Movement Sciences, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Ross L Prentice
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center and School of Public Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | | | - Susan B Racette
- Program in Physical Therapy and Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - David A Raichlen
- Biological Sciences and Anthropology, University of Southern California, CA, USA
| | - Eric Ravussin
- Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, LA, USA
| | - Rebecca M Reynolds
- Centre for Cardiovascular Sciences, Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Susan B Roberts
- Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University, 711 Washington Street, Boston, MA 02111, USA
| | - Albertine J Schuit
- School of Social and Behavioral Sciences, University of Tilburg, Tilburg, Netherlands
| | - Anders M Sjödin
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, Copenhagen University, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Eric Stice
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford CA, USA
| | | | - Giulio Valenti
- Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands.,Phillips Research, Eindoven, Netherlands
| | | | - Edgar A Van Mil
- Maastricht University, Maastricht and Lifestyle Medicine Center for Children, Jeroen Bosch Hospital, Hertogenbosch, Netherlands
| | - Jonathan C K Wells
- Population, Policy, and Practice Research and Teaching Department, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London, UK
| | - George Wilson
- Research Institute for Sport and Exercise Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, UK
| | - Brian M Wood
- Department of Anthropology, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.,Department of Human Behavior, Ecology, and Culture, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Jack Yanovski
- Growth and Obesity, Division of Intramural Research, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Tsukasa Yoshida
- National Institute of Health and Nutrition, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Xueying Zhang
- Institute of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK.,State Key Laboratory of Molecular developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Alexia J Murphy-Alford
- Nutritional and Health Related Environmental Studies Section, Division of Human Health, International Atomic Energy Agency, Vienna, Austria
| | - Cornelia Loechl
- Nutritional and Health Related Environmental Studies Section, Division of Human Health, International Atomic Energy Agency, Vienna, Austria
| | - Amy H Luke
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Public Health Sciences, Loyola University School of Medicine, Maywood, IL, USA.
| | - Jennifer Rood
- Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, LA, USA.
| | - Dale A Schoeller
- Biotech Center and Nutritional Sciences University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA.
| | - Klaas R Westerterp
- Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism (NUTRIM), Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, Netherlands.
| | - William W Wong
- Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, USDA/ARS Children's Nutrition Research Center, Houston, TX, USA.
| | - John R Speakman
- Center for Energy Metabolism and Reproduction, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China. .,Institute of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK.,State Key Laboratory of Molecular developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,CAS Center of Excellence in Animal Evolution and Genetics, Kunming, China
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22
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Rimbach R, Amireh A, Allen A, Hare B, Guarino E, Kaufman C, Salomons H, Pontzer H. Total energy expenditure of bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops truncatus) of different ages. J Exp Biol 2021; 224:271194. [PMID: 34350948 DOI: 10.1242/jeb.242218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2021] [Accepted: 06/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Marine mammals are thought to have an energetically expensive lifestyle because endothermy is costly in marine environments. However, measurements of total energy expenditure (TEE; kcal day-1) are available only for a limited number of marine mammals, because large body size and inaccessible habitats make TEE measurements expensive and difficult to obtain for many taxa. We measured TEE in 10 adult common bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops truncatus) living in natural seawater lagoons at two facilities (Dolphin Research Center and Dolphin Quest) using the doubly labeled water method. We assessed the relative effects of body mass, age and physical activity on TEE. We also examined whether TEE of bottlenose dolphins, and more generally of marine mammals, differs from that expected for their body mass compared with other eutherian mammals, using phylogenetic least squares (PGLS) regressions. There were no differences in body mass or TEE (unadjusted TEE and TEE adjusted for fat-free mass) between dolphins from the two facilities. Our results show that adjusted TEE decreased and fat mass increased with age. Different measures of activity were not related to age, body fat or adjusted TEE. Both PGLS and the non-phylogenetic linear regression indicate that marine mammals have an elevated TEE compared with that of terrestrial mammals. However, bottlenose dolphins expended 17.1% less energy than other marine mammals of similar body mass. The two oldest dolphins (>40 years) showed a lower TEE, similar to the decline in TEE seen in older humans. To our knowledge, this is the first study to show an age-related metabolic decline in a large non-human mammal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca Rimbach
- Evolutionary Anthropology, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA.,School of Animal, Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, WITS 2050, South Africa
| | - Ahmad Amireh
- Evolutionary Anthropology, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA
| | - Austin Allen
- Duke University Marine Lab, Beaufort, NC 28516, USA
| | - Brian Hare
- Evolutionary Anthropology, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA
| | | | - Chana Kaufman
- Evolutionary Anthropology, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA
| | - Hannah Salomons
- Evolutionary Anthropology, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA
| | - Herman Pontzer
- Evolutionary Anthropology, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA.,Duke Global Health Institute, Duke University, Durham, NC 27710, USA
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23
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Sagayama H, Yamada Y, Tanabe Y, Kondo E, Ohnishi T, Takahashi H. Validation of skeletal muscle mass estimation equations in active young adults: A preliminary study. Scand J Med Sci Sports 2021; 31:1897-1907. [PMID: 34228821 DOI: 10.1111/sms.14017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2021] [Revised: 06/05/2021] [Accepted: 07/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
We analyzed the validity of the estimation equations for skeletal muscle mass (SMM) using mass of appendicular lean soft tissue (ALST), evaluated by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA), in healthy young males undergoing training, and compared it with the results obtained using whole-body magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). We hypothesized that a novel variable, that is, trunk and trunk-to-appendicular ratio of lean soft tissues (trunk/ALST), would be useful in reducing estimation errors in athletes or physically active participants. We analyzed the data of 30 participants (mean age 19.9 ± 1.8 years). SMM was measured using whole-body MRI, while mass of trunk and ALST was assessed using DXA. Three previously utilized estimation equations were retrieved from the literature and used for comparison. The estimated SMM values using previous equations highly correlated with measured SMM, which was determined by MRI, but the mean estimated SMM values were significantly lower than the measured-SMM values. Stepwise regression analysis revealed that mass of ALST, trunk/ALST ratio, and percent body fat were significant predictors of SMM and were incorporated as the new suggested variables. This equation accounted for 90.3% of the variance in SMM. While the previous equations' estimated SMM correlated with measured-SMM in participants with trunk/ALST ratios ≤1.05, they underestimated SMMs in those with trunk/ALST ratios >1.05. The present study confirms that the previously used equations underestimate the actual SMM, particularly in participants with high trunk/ALST ratios (>1.05). The current equation may be used in healthy and active young males, including athletes, as a preliminary tool.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroyuki Sagayama
- Faculty of Health and Sport Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Yosuke Yamada
- National Institute of Health and Nutrition, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoko Tanabe
- Faculty of Health and Sport Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Emi Kondo
- Japan Institute of Sports Sciences, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - Hideyuki Takahashi
- Faculty of Health and Sport Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
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24
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Vietheer A, Kiserud T, Lie RT, Haaland ØA, Kessler J. Sleep and physical activity from before conception to the end of pregnancy in healthy women: a longitudinal actigraphy study. Sleep Med 2021; 83:89-98. [PMID: 33991895 DOI: 10.1016/j.sleep.2021.04.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2021] [Revised: 03/22/2021] [Accepted: 04/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sleep and physical activity changes are common in pregnancy, but longitudinal data starting before conception are scarce. Our aim was to determine the changes of the daily total sleep time (TST) and physical activity duration (PAD) from before conception to end of pregnancies in respect of pregestational maternal factors. METHODS This longitudinal observational study formed part of the CONIMPREG research project and recruited healthy women planning to become pregnant. Sleep and physical activity were recorded around-the-clock for ≥4 days via actigraphy before conception and during each trimester of pregnancy. Data were adjusted according to pregestational maternal body composition, parity and age. RESULTS Among 123 women with eligible data, the unadjusted mean (95% confidence interval) TST increased from 415.3 min (405.5-425.2 min) before conception to 458.0 min (445.4-470.6 min) in the 1st trimester, remaining high through the 2nd and 3rd trimesters. Variation was substantial before conception (±2SD range: 307-523 min). The unadjusted mean PAD before conception was 363.7 min (±2SD range: 120-608 min), decreasing sharply to 262.1 min in the first trimester and more gradually thereafter. Vigorous and moderate activity decreased more than light activity. TST and PAD were significantly associated with age, parity, and pregestational body fat percentage; lean body mass was negatively correlated with TST. Results were generally unaffected by seasonal variations. CONCLUSION Marked variations were found in pregestational TST and PAD. Healthy women slept ≥30 min longer during pregnancy, while PAD decreased by ≥ 90 min in early pregnancy and continued to decrease thereafter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Vietheer
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway; Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.
| | - Torvid Kiserud
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway; Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Rolv Terje Lie
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway; Department of Global Public Health and Primary Care, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway; Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Bergen, Norway
| | | | - Jörg Kessler
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway; Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
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25
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Kim E, Won Y, Shin J. Analysis of Children's Physical Characteristics Based on Clustering Analysis. CHILDREN-BASEL 2021; 8:children8060485. [PMID: 34200406 PMCID: PMC8227780 DOI: 10.3390/children8060485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2021] [Revised: 05/27/2021] [Accepted: 06/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
This study assessed the physical development, physical fitness (muscular endurance, muscular strength, flexibility, agility, power, balance), and basal metabolic rate (BMR) in a total of 4410 children aged six (73–84 months) residing in Korea. Their physical fitness was visually classified according to the physical fitness factor and—considering that children showed great variations in the physical fitness criteria depending on their physique and body composition—the study aimed to assess characteristics such as physique and BMR, the precursor for fat-free mass, based on the physical health clusters selected through a multivariate approach. As a result, the physical health clusters could be subdivided into four clusters: balance (1), muscular strength (2), low agility (3), and low physical fitness (3) cluster. Cluster 1 showed a high ratio of slim and slightly slim children, while cluster 2 had a high proportion of children that were obese, tall, or heavy, and had the highest BMR. We consider such results as important primary data for constituting physical fitness management programs customized to each cluster. It seems that it is necessary to have a multidirectional approach toward physical fitness evaluation and analysis methodologies that involve various physical fitness factors of children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eunjung Kim
- Division of Sports Science, Myongji University, Yongin-si 17058, Korea;
| | - Yumi Won
- Department of Exercise Rehabilitation, Daewon University College, Jecheon-si 27135, Korea
- Correspondence: (Y.W.); (J.S.)
| | - Jieun Shin
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, College of Medicine, Konyang University, Daejeon-si 35365, Korea
- Correspondence: (Y.W.); (J.S.)
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26
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Comparison of total and activity energy expenditure estimates from physical activity questionnaires and doubly labelled water: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Br J Nutr 2021; 125:983-997. [PMID: 32718378 DOI: 10.1017/s0007114520003049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Physical activity questionnaires (PAQ) could be suitable tools in free-living people for measures of physical activity, total and activity energy expenditure (TEE and AEE). This meta-analysis was performed to determine valid PAQ for estimating TEE and AEE using doubly labelled water (DLW). We identified data from relevant studies by searching Google Scholar, PubMed and Scopus databases. This revealed thirty-eight studies that had validated PAQ with DLW and reported the mean differences between PAQ and DLW measures of TEE (TEEDLW - TEEPAQ) and AEE (AEEDLW - AEEPAQ). We assessed seventy-eight PAQ consisting of fifty-nine PAQ that assessed TEE and thirty-five PAQ that examined AEE. There was no significant difference between TEEPAQ and TEEDLW with a weighted mean difference of -243·3 and a range of -841·4 to 354·6 kJ/d, and a significant weighted mean difference of AEEDLW - AEE PAQ 414·6 and a range of 78·7-750·5. To determine whether any PAQ was a valid tool for estimating TEE and AEE, we carried out a subgroup analysis by type of PAQ. Only Active-Q, administered in two seasons, and 3-d PA diaries were correlated with TEE by DLW at the population level; however, these two PAQ did not demonstrate an acceptable limit of agreement at individual level. For AEE, no PAQ was correlated with DLW either at the population or at the individual levels. Active-Q and 3-d PA diaries were identified as the only valid PAQ for TEE estimation. Further well-designed studies are needed to verify this result and identify additional valid PAQ.
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27
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Rasmussen NF, Bech BH, Rubin KH, Andersen V. Associations between participation in, intensity of, and time spent on leisure time physical activity and risk of inflammatory bowel disease among older adults (PA-IBD): a prospective cohort study. BMC Public Health 2021; 21:634. [PMID: 33794834 PMCID: PMC8015056 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-021-10492-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2020] [Accepted: 02/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs) are diseases of the immune system that share some genetic and lifestyle-related predisposing factors. Increasing incidences have been reported in all age groups. Based on experimental studies suggesting a role of physical activity on intestinal inflammation, this study aimed to investigate the association between leisure time physical activity and the risk of IBD in older adults. Methods The study is a prospective cohort study using Danish registry data and questionnaire data from the Danish “Diet, Cancer and Health” cohort. The outcome IBD was defined as having at least two main diagnoses of Crohn’s disease or ulcerative colitis registered in the National Patient Registry from the period between December 1993 and May 1997 with an average follow-up of 25 years. Cox proportional hazard models were used to estimate hazard-ratios for IBD onset associated with being physically active and with levels of the metabolic equivalent of task (MET) hours/week of physical activity and hours/week spent on six types of physical activity. All analyses were adjusted for potential confounders. Furthermore, the analyses were stratified according to age-group, occupational physical activity, smoking, BMI and work status to test for effect modification. Results In total, 54,645 men and women aged between 50 and 64 years were included, and of which there were 529 cases. When comparing physically active with inactive participants measured by MET hours/week there was no statistically significant difference in risk of IBD (0.89 [0.13; 6.27]), regardless of how participation was measured. Results did not indicate any dose-response effect when comparing quartile groups of MET hours/week (HR = 0.97 [0.76; 1.22], HR = 0.82 [0.64; 1.05] and HR = 0.83 [0.65; 1.07] or whether five of the six types of activities were compared with the lowest quartile as reference. For do-it-yourself-work, the third quartile of hours/week was associated with a higher risk of IBD compared to the second quartile of hours/week (HR = 1.44 [1.10; 1.90]. No effect modification was found. Conclusions There was no association between physical activity and risk of IBD when comparing physically active with inactive participants. Neither did the results indicate any dose-response effect when comparing quartile groups of MET hours/week with the lowest quartile as reference. Do-it-yourself work, however, appeared to be associated with a higher risk of IBD when comparing the third quartile with the second quartile of hours/week. The study has clinical relevance by its contribution to the explanatory field of the causes of IBD. However, the study has some limitations, and further research is needed to clarify associations between physical activity and risk of IBD. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12889-021-10492-7.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathalie Fogh Rasmussen
- Focused research unit for Molecular Diagnostic and Clinical Research (MOK), IRS-Center Sonderjylland, Hospital of Southern Jutland, Kresten Philipsens Vej 15 F, 6200, Aabenraa, Denmark
| | - Bodil Hammer Bech
- Department of Public Health, Research Unit for Epidemiology, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Katrine Hass Rubin
- OPEN - Open Patient data Explorative Network, Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, and Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
| | - Vibeke Andersen
- Focused research unit for Molecular Diagnostic and Clinical Research (MOK), IRS-Center Sonderjylland, Hospital of Southern Jutland, Kresten Philipsens Vej 15 F, 6200, Aabenraa, Denmark. .,Institute of Regional Health Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark.
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28
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Gifford JR, Collins J. Critical Speed throughout Aging: Insight into the World Masters Championships. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2021; 53:524-533. [PMID: 33560767 DOI: 10.1249/mss.0000000000002501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aimed to determine how the speed-distance relationship, described by critical speed (CS) and distance prime (D'), is altered with aging. METHODS Official race data from the past eight World Masters Athletics Indoor Track and Field World Championships were used for this study. CS and D' were calculated for female and male athletes (35-90 yr of age) who registered times for the 800-, 1500-, and 3000-m runs during a single championship to determine the relationship between age and CS and D'. Twenty-six athletes completed sufficient races in multiple championships to retrospectively assess the change in CS and D' over time. RESULTS Cross-sectional data indicated that CS continuously decreases after age 35 yr in a curvilinear manner with advancing age (R2 = 0.73, P < 0.001, n = 187), with even greater decreases in CS occurring after ~70 yr of age. D' also changed in a curvilinear manner with age (R2 = 0.45, P < 0.001, n = 103), such that decreases were observed between 35 and 70 yr, followed by an increase in D' thereafter. Retrospective, longitudinal data, with an average follow-up of 6.38 ± 1.73 yr, support these findings, indicating that the annual decrease in CS grows with advancing age (e.g., ~1% vs ~3% annual decrease in CS at age 55 vs 80 yr, respectively) and that D' shifts from an annual decrease (e.g., ~2.5% annual decrease at 55 yr) to an annual increase (e.g., ~2.5% annual increase at 80 yr) around 70 yr of age. Importantly, the relationship between CS and race pace was unaffected by age, supporting the relevance of CS throughout aging. CONCLUSION Even among world-class athletes, CS decreases and D' changes with aging. These adaptations may contribute to the diminished exercise ability associated with aging.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jessica Collins
- Department of Exercise Sciences, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT
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29
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Abstract
Aging is characterized by a progressive loss of physiological function leading to increase in the vulnerability to death. This deterioration process occurs in all living organisms and is the primary risk factor for pathological conditions including obesity, type 2 diabetes mellitus, Alzheimer's disease and cardiovascular diseases. Most of the age-related diseases have been associated with impairment of action of an important hormone, namely insulin. It is well-known that this hormone is a critical mediator of metabolism, growth, proliferation and differentiation. Insulin action depends on two processes that determine its circulating levels, insulin secretion and clearance, and insulin sensitivity in its target tissues. Aging has deleterious effects on these three mechanisms, impairing insulin action, thereby increasing the risk for diseases and death. Thus, improving insulin action may be an important strategy to have a healthier and longer life.
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30
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Tibolone regulates systemic metabolism and the expression of sex hormone receptors in the central nervous system of ovariectomised rats fed with high-fat and high-fructose diet. Brain Res 2020; 1748:147096. [DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2020.147096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2020] [Revised: 08/26/2020] [Accepted: 08/27/2020] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
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31
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Resting Energy Expenditure of Physically Active Boys in Southeastern Poland-The Accuracy and Validity of Predictive Equations. Metabolites 2020; 10:metabo10120493. [PMID: 33271803 PMCID: PMC7760554 DOI: 10.3390/metabo10120493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2020] [Revised: 11/26/2020] [Accepted: 11/29/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Optimization of energy intake in the diet of young athletes is of primary importance. In addition to the energy expenditure associated with their body development, the demand resulting from intensive physical activity also increases. The aim of this study was to compare the accuracy of formulas commonly used for resting energy expenditure (REE) calculations with values obtained from measurements using indirect calorimetry among male children and adolescents practicing football. The study was conducted among 184 boys aged 9 to 17 using a calorimeter and a device for assessing body composition by means of electrical bioimpedance using a segment analyzer. The mean error ranged from −477 kcal/d by the Maffeis formula to −182 kcal/d for the Institute of Medicine of the National Academies (IMNA) formula. A statistically significant difference was found for all formulas in the calculated value in relation to the measured REE value (p < 0.0001). Most “ready-to-use” formulas underestimate REE, which can be a risk in determining the total energy demand in a group that requires more calories, especially when due to intensive growth and development and the expenditure associated with regular training and increased physical activity.
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The impact of early body-weight variability on long-term weight maintenance: exploratory results from the NoHoW weight-loss maintenance intervention. Int J Obes (Lond) 2020; 45:525-534. [PMID: 33144700 DOI: 10.1038/s41366-020-00706-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2020] [Revised: 10/17/2020] [Accepted: 10/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Weight-loss programmes often achieve short-term success though subsequent weight regain is common. The ability to identify predictive factors of regain early in the weight maintenance phase is crucial. OBJECTIVE To investigate the associations between short-term weight variability and long-term weight outcomes in individuals engaged in a weight-loss maintenance intervention. METHODS The study was a secondary analysis from The NoHoW trial, an 18-month weight maintenance intervention in individuals who recently lost ≥5% body weight. Eligible participants (n = 715, 64% women, BMI = 29.2 (SD 5.0) kg/m2, age = 45.8 (SD 11.5) years) provided body-weight data by smart scale (Fitbit Aria 2) over 18 months. Variability in body weight was calculated by linear and non-linear methods over the first 6, 9 and 12 weeks. These estimates were used to predict percentage weight change at 6, 12, and 18 months using both crude and adjusted multiple linear regression models. RESULTS Greater non-linear weight variability over the first 6, 9 and 12 weeks was associated with increased subsequent weight in all comparisons; as was greater linear weight variability measured over 12 weeks (up to AdjR2 = 4.7%). Following adjustment, 6-week weight variability did not predict weight change in any model, though greater 9-week weight variability by non-linear methods was associated with increased body-weight change at 12 (∆AdjR2 = 1.2%) and 18 months (∆AdjR2 = 1.3%) and by linear methods at 18 months (∆AdjR2 = 1.1%). Greater non-linear weight variability measured over 12 weeks was associated with increased weight at 12 (∆AdjR2 = 1.4%) and 18 (∆AdjR2 = 2.2%) months; and 12-week linear variability was associated with increased weight at 12 (∆AdjR2 = 2.1%) and 18 (∆AdjR2 = 3.6%) months. CONCLUSION Body-weight variability over the first 9 and 12 weeks of a weight-loss maintenance intervention weakly predicted increased weight at 12 and 18 months. These results suggest a potentially important role in continuously measuring body weight and estimating weight variability.
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Shida T, Oshida N, Suzuki H, Okada K, Watahiki T, Oh S, Kim T, Isobe T, Okamoto Y, Ariizumi SI, Yamamoto M, Shoda J. Clinical and anthropometric characteristics of non-obese non-alcoholic fatty liver disease subjects in Japan. Hepatol Res 2020; 50:1032-1046. [PMID: 32602214 DOI: 10.1111/hepr.13543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2020] [Revised: 06/08/2020] [Accepted: 06/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
AIM The underlying mechanism of non-obese non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has not been fully elucidated. We classified patients with NAFLD by sex and body mass index and compared their clinical features to clarify the background pathophysiology of non-obese NAFLD. METHODS A total of 404 patients with NAFLD were divided according to their body mass index (<25 [non-obese], 25 to <30 [obese], and ≥30 [severe obese]), and were further compared with 253 patients without obesity and NAFLD (non-NAFLD). RESULTS The proportion of the individuals with non-obese NAFLD was 25.7% in men and 27.6% in women. The male and female non-obese NAFLD groups had lower skeletal muscle mass and muscle strength than the obese NAFLD groups. The visceral fat area, although low, was ≥100 cm2 in 59.3% of men and 43.8% of women. An increase in liver fat accumulation, hepatic fibrosis, homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance, and leptin levels was modest in the non-obese NAFLD group compared with a marked increase in the obese NAFLD groups. The muscle mass of the non-obese NAFLD group was similar to that of the non-NAFLD group, but muscle steatosis was particularly common among women. Multivariate analysis revealed that the factors contributing to increased liver fat accumulation in the non-obese NAFLD group were visceral fat area, HbA1c, myostatin, and leptin. CONCLUSIONS In patients with non-obese NAFLD, a sex difference was observed in the clinical features. In addition to increased visceral fat, decreased muscle mass and muscle strength, muscle atrophy (presarcopenia), and impaired glucose tolerance were considered to be important pathophysiological factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takashi Shida
- Tsukuba Preventive Medicine, Research Center, Tsukuba University Hospital, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Natsumi Oshida
- Division of Laboratory Medicine, Tsukuba University Hospital, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Hideo Suzuki
- Department of Gastroenterology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Kosuke Okada
- Tsukuba Preventive Medicine, Research Center, Tsukuba University Hospital, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Takahisa Watahiki
- Doctoral Program in Clinical Sciences, Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Sechang Oh
- The Center for Sports Medicine and Health Sciences, Tsukuba University Hospital, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Taeho Kim
- The Center for Sports Medicine and Health Sciences, Tsukuba University Hospital, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Tomonori Isobe
- Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Yoshikazu Okamoto
- Division of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Shun-Ichi Ariizumi
- Institute of Gastroenterology Surgery, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masakazu Yamamoto
- Institute of Gastroenterology Surgery, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Junichi Shoda
- Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
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Lin YC, Lu YC, Chen FP, Lin YC, Cheung YC, Chan WP. Selecting Appropriate Sarcopenia Screening Methods for Asian Populations. J Clin Med 2020; 9:jcm9082333. [PMID: 32707874 PMCID: PMC7464734 DOI: 10.3390/jcm9082333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2020] [Revised: 07/09/2020] [Accepted: 07/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
We aimed to determine the most appropriate sarcopenia screening method for Asian populations. We retrospectively studied the physiological differences between the sexes in healthy individuals and prospectively compared using skeletal muscle mass versus handgrip strength (HS) to screen for sarcopenia in a community-based population. Skeletal muscle mass was determined using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Of 5881 healthy individuals recruited, 101 were from urban populations and 349 from a community-based population. The sexes were comparable in total lean muscle mass declines after peaking around 20 years of age. An age-dependent decline in total fat mass was found only among men;a persistent increase in total fat mass was observed only among women. The prevalence of low skeletal muscle mass significantly increased with age in both sexes only when applying the weight-adjusted skeletal muscle index (wSMI); it was significant only among men when applying the height-adjusted skeletal muscle index (hSMI). Using HS resulted in a much higher prevalence of sarcopenia in both sexes. A significant age-dependent increase in fat mass in women showed that the most appropriate adjustment method is wSMI for women and hSMI for men. Nevertheless, a primary HS survey is recommended for both sexes in Asian populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Ching Lin
- Department of Medical Imaging and Intervention, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung and Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33001, Taiwan;
- Keelung Osteoporosis Prevention and Treatment Center, Keelung 200131, Taiwan;
| | - Yi-Chien Lu
- Department of Radiology, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 116, Taiwan;
| | - Fang-Ping Chen
- Keelung Osteoporosis Prevention and Treatment Center, Keelung 200131, Taiwan;
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung and Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33001, Taiwan
| | - Ying Chin Lin
- Department of Family Medicine, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 116, Taiwan;
- Department of Family Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 10001, Taiwan
| | - Yun-Chung Cheung
- Department of Medical Imaging and Intervention, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Institute for Radiological Research, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33001, Taiwan;
| | - Wing P. Chan
- Department of Radiology, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 116, Taiwan;
- Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 10001, Taiwan
- Medical Innovation Development Center, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 116, Taiwan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +886-6(2)29307930 (ext. 1300); Fax: +886-6(2)29316809
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Krumpolec P, Klepochová R, Just I, Tušek Jelenc M, Frollo I, Ukropec J, Ukropcová B, Trattnig S, Krššák M, Valkovič L. Multinuclear MRS at 7T Uncovers Exercise Driven Differences in Skeletal Muscle Energy Metabolism Between Young and Seniors. Front Physiol 2020; 11:644. [PMID: 32695010 PMCID: PMC7336536 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2020.00644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2019] [Accepted: 05/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose: Aging is associated with changes in muscle energy metabolism. Proton (1H) and phosphorous (31P) magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) has been successfully applied for non-invasive investigation of skeletal muscle metabolism. The aim of this study was to detect differences in adenosine triphosphate (ATP) production in the aging muscle by 31P-MRS and to identify potential changes associated with buffer capacity of muscle carnosine by 1H-MRS. Methods: Fifteen young and nineteen elderly volunteers were examined. 1H and 31P-MRS spectra were acquired at high field (7T). The investigation included carnosine quantification using 1H-MRS and resting and dynamic 31P-MRS, both including saturation transfer measurements of phosphocreatine (PCr), and inorganic phosphate (Pi)-to-ATP metabolic fluxes. Results: Elderly volunteers had higher time constant of PCr recovery (τPCr) in comparison to the young volunteers. Exercise was connected with significant decrease in PCr-to-ATP flux in both groups. Moreover, PCr-to-ATP flux was significantly higher in young compared to elderly both at rest and during exercise. Similarly, an increment of Pi-to-ATP flux with exercise was found in both groups but the intergroup difference was only observed during exercise. Elderly had lower muscle carnosine concentration and lower postexercise pH. A strong increase in phosphomonoester (PME) concentration was observed with exercise in elderly, and a faster Pi:PCr kinetics was found in young volunteers compared to elderly during the recovery period. Conclusion: Observations of a massive increment of PME concentration together with high Pi-to-ATP flux during exercise in seniors refer to decreased ability of the muscle to meet the metabolic requirements of exercise and thus a limited ability of seniors to effectively support the exercise load.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrik Krumpolec
- High Field MR Center, Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-guided Therapy, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.,Biomedical Research Center, Institute of Experimental Endocrinology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Radka Klepochová
- High Field MR Center, Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-guided Therapy, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Ivica Just
- High Field MR Center, Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-guided Therapy, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Marjeta Tušek Jelenc
- High Field MR Center, Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-guided Therapy, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Ivan Frollo
- Department of Imaging Methods, Institute of Measurements Science, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Jozef Ukropec
- Biomedical Research Center, Institute of Experimental Endocrinology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Barbara Ukropcová
- Biomedical Research Center, Institute of Experimental Endocrinology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovakia.,Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Pathophysiology, Comenius University in Bratislava, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Siegfried Trattnig
- High Field MR Center, Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-guided Therapy, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.,Christian Doppler Laboratory for Clinical Molecular MR Imaging, Vienna, Austria
| | - Martin Krššák
- High Field MR Center, Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-guided Therapy, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.,Christian Doppler Laboratory for Clinical Molecular MR Imaging, Vienna, Austria.,Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine III, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Ladislav Valkovič
- High Field MR Center, Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-guided Therapy, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.,Department of Imaging Methods, Institute of Measurements Science, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovakia.,Oxford Centre for Clinical Magnetic Resonance Research, RDM Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
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Fukuta K, Kasai A, Niki N, Ishikawa Y, Kawanishi R, Kakuta N, Sakai Y, Tsutsumi YM, Tanaka K. The effect of 1% glucose loading on metabolism in the elderly patients during remifentanil-induced anesthesia: a randomized controlled trial. BMC Anesthesiol 2020; 20:143. [PMID: 32505171 PMCID: PMC7276070 DOI: 10.1186/s12871-020-01061-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2019] [Accepted: 05/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Previous studies showed that remifentanil-induced anesthesia can inhibit surgical stress response in non-diabetic adult patients and that low-dose glucose loading during anesthesia may attenuate fat catabolism. However, little is known about the influence of glucose loading on metabolism in elderly patients, whose condition may be influenced by decreased basal metabolism and increased insulin resistance. We hypothesized that, in elderly patients, intraoperative low glucose infusion may attenuate the catabolism of fat without causing harmful hyperglycemia during remifentanil-induced anesthesia. Methods Elderly, non-diabetic patients scheduled to undergo elective surgery were enrolled and randomized to receive no glucose (0G group) or low-dose glucose infusion (0.1 g/kg/hr. for 1 h followed by 0.05 g/kg/hr. for 1 h; LG group) during surgery. Glucose, adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), 3-methylhistidine (3-MH), insulin, cortisol, free fatty acid (FFA), creatinine (Cr), and ketone body levels were measured pre-anesthesia, 1 h post-glucose infusion, at the end of surgery, and on the following morning. Results A total of 31 patients (aged 75–85) were included (0G, n = 16; LG, n = 15). ACTH levels during anesthesia decreased significantly in both groups. In the LG group, glucose levels increased significantly after glucose loading but hyperglycemia was not observed. During surgery, ketone bodies and FFA were significantly lower in the LG group than the 0G group. There were no significant differences in insulin, Cr, 3-MH, and 3-MH/Cr between the two groups. Conclusion Remifentanil-induced anesthesia inhibited surgical stress response in elderly patients. Intraoperative low-dose glucose infusion attenuated catabolism of fat without inducing hyperglycemia. Trial registration This study has been registered with the University hospital Medical Information Network Center (http://www.umin.ac.jp/english/). Trial registration number: UMIN000016189. The initial registration date: January 12th 2015.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kohei Fukuta
- Department of Anesthesiology, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University, 3-18-15 Kuramoto, Tokushima, 770-8503, Japan.
| | - Asuka Kasai
- Department of Anesthesiology, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University, 3-18-15 Kuramoto, Tokushima, 770-8503, Japan
| | - Noriko Niki
- Department of Anesthesiology, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University, 3-18-15 Kuramoto, Tokushima, 770-8503, Japan
| | - Yuki Ishikawa
- Department of Anesthesiology, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University, 3-18-15 Kuramoto, Tokushima, 770-8503, Japan
| | - Ryosuke Kawanishi
- Department of Anesthesiology, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University, 3-18-15 Kuramoto, Tokushima, 770-8503, Japan
| | - Nami Kakuta
- Department of Anesthesiology, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University, 3-18-15 Kuramoto, Tokushima, 770-8503, Japan
| | - Yoko Sakai
- Department of Anesthesiology, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University, 3-18-15 Kuramoto, Tokushima, 770-8503, Japan
| | - Yasuo M Tsutsumi
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kasumi Minami, Hiroshima, 774-8551, Japan
| | - Katsuya Tanaka
- Department of Anesthesiology, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University, 3-18-15 Kuramoto, Tokushima, 770-8503, Japan
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Brage S, Lindsay T, Venables M, Wijndaele K, Westgate K, Collins D, Roberts C, Bluck L, Wareham N, Page P. Descriptive epidemiology of energy expenditure in the UK: findings from the National Diet and Nutrition Survey 2008-15. Int J Epidemiol 2020; 49:1007-1021. [PMID: 32191299 PMCID: PMC7394951 DOI: 10.1093/ije/dyaa005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Little is known about population levels of energy expenditure, as national surveillance systems typically employ only crude measures. The National Diet and Nutrition Survey (NDNS) in the UK measured energy expenditure in a 10% subsample by gold-standard doubly labelled water (DLW). Methods DLW-subsample participants from the NDNS (383 males, 387 females) aged 4–91 years were recruited between 2008 and 2015 (rolling programme). Height and weight were measured and body-fat percentage estimated by deuterium dilution. Results Absolute total energy expenditure (TEE) increased steadily throughout childhood, ranging from 6.2 and 7.2 MJ/day in 4- to 7-year-olds to 9.7 and 11.7 MJ/day for 14- to 16-year-old girls and boys, respectively. TEE peaked in 17- to 27-year-old women (10.7 MJ/day) and 28- to 43-year-old men (14.4 MJ/day), before decreasing gradually in old age. Physical-activity energy expenditure (PAEE) declined steadily with age from childhood (87 kJ/day/kg in 4- to 7-year-olds) through to old age (38 kJ/day/kg in 71- to 91-year-olds). No differences were observed by time, region and macronutrient composition. Body-fat percentage was strongly inversely associated with PAEE throughout life, irrespective of expressing PAEE relative to body mass or fat-free mass. Compared with females with <30% body fat, females with >40% recorded 29 kJ/day/kg body mass and 18 kJ/day/kg fat-free mass less PAEE in analyses adjusted for age, geographical region and time of assessment. Similarly, compared with males with <25% body fat, males with >35% recorded 26 kJ/day/kg body mass and 10 kJ/day/kg fat-free mass less PAEE. Conclusions This first nationally representative study reports levels of human-energy expenditure as measured by gold-standard methodology; values may serve as a reference for other population studies. Age, sex and body composition are the main determinants of energy expenditure. Key Messages This is the first nationally representative study of human energy expenditure, covering the UK in the period 2008-2015. Total energy expenditure (MJ/day) increases steadily with age throughout childhood and adolescence, peaks in the 3rd decade of life in women and 4th decade of life in men, before decreasing gradually in old age. Physical activity energy expenditure (kJ/day/kg or kJ/day/kg fat-free mass) declines steadily with age from childhood to old age, more steeply so in males. Body-fat percentage is strongly inversely associated with physical activity energy expenditure. We found little evidence that energy expenditure varied by geographical region, over time, or by dietary macronutrient composition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soren Brage
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Tim Lindsay
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | | | | | - Kate Westgate
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - David Collins
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Caireen Roberts
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Les Bluck
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Nick Wareham
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Polly Page
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
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San-Cristobal R, Navas-Carretero S, Martínez-González MÁ, Ordovas JM, Martínez JA. Contribution of macronutrients to obesity: implications for precision nutrition. Nat Rev Endocrinol 2020; 16:305-320. [PMID: 32235875 DOI: 10.1038/s41574-020-0346-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/04/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
The specific metabolic contribution of consuming different energy-yielding macronutrients (namely, carbohydrates, protein and lipids) to obesity is a matter of active debate. In this Review, we summarize the current research concerning associations between the intake of different macronutrients and weight gain and adiposity. We discuss insights into possible differential mechanistic pathways where macronutrients might act on either appetite or adipogenesis to cause weight gain. We also explore the role of dietary macronutrient distribution on thermogenesis or energy expenditure for weight loss and maintenance. On the basis of the data discussed, we describe a novel way to manage excessive body weight; namely, prescribing personalized diets with different macronutrient compositions according to the individual's genotype and/or enterotype. In this context, the interplay of macronutrient consumption with obesity incidence involves mechanisms that affect appetite, thermogenesis and metabolism, and the outcomes of these mechanisms are altered by an individual's genotype and microbiota. Indeed, the interactions of the genetic make-up and/or microbiota features of a person with specific macronutrient intakes or dietary pattern consumption help to explain individualized responses to macronutrients and food patterns, which might represent key factors for comprehensive precision nutrition recommendations and personalized obesity management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodrigo San-Cristobal
- Precision Nutrition and Cardiometabolic Health, IMDEA-Food Institute (Madrid Institute for Advanced Studies), Campus of International Excellence (CEI) UAM+CSIC, Spanish National Research Council, Madrid, Spain
| | - Santiago Navas-Carretero
- Centre for Nutrition Research, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.
- CIBERobn, Centro de Investigacion Biomedica en Red Area de Fisiologia de la Obesidad y la Nutricion, Madrid, Spain.
- IdisNA, Navarra Institute for Health Research, Pamplona, Spain.
| | - Miguel Ángel Martínez-González
- CIBERobn, Centro de Investigacion Biomedica en Red Area de Fisiologia de la Obesidad y la Nutricion, Madrid, Spain
- IdisNA, Navarra Institute for Health Research, Pamplona, Spain
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, School of Medicine, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - José María Ordovas
- Nutrition and Genomics Laboratory, JM-USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Cardiovascular Epidemiology and Population Genetics, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid, Spain
- Nutritional Genomics of Cardiovascular Disease and Obesity Fundation IMDEA Food, Campus of International Excellence, Spanish National Research Council, Madrid, Spain
| | - José Alfredo Martínez
- Precision Nutrition and Cardiometabolic Health, IMDEA-Food Institute (Madrid Institute for Advanced Studies), Campus of International Excellence (CEI) UAM+CSIC, Spanish National Research Council, Madrid, Spain
- Centre for Nutrition Research, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
- CIBERobn, Centro de Investigacion Biomedica en Red Area de Fisiologia de la Obesidad y la Nutricion, Madrid, Spain
- IdisNA, Navarra Institute for Health Research, Pamplona, Spain
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Yokoyama K, Yamada Y, Akamatsu Y, Yoshinaka Y, Yamamoto A, Koizumi T, Ohyama K, Suzuki K, Hashimoto M, Sato H, Kimura M. Effects of Capsinoids on Daily Physical Activity, Body Composition and Cold Hypersensitivity in Middle-Aged and Older Adults: A Randomized Study. Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12010212. [PMID: 31947529 PMCID: PMC7019503 DOI: 10.3390/nu12010212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2019] [Revised: 01/05/2020] [Accepted: 01/09/2020] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Sedentary/inactive lifestyle leads middle-aged and older adults to metabolic syndrome and frailty. Capsinoids from nonpungent chili pepper cultivar have been reported to reduce body fat mass, promote metabolism, and improve unidentified complaints of chills. Additionally, they have an anti-inflammation effect; therefore, we hypothesized that continuous oral ingestion of capsinoids alleviates age-related inflammation in the brain and improves the physical activity (PA) in middle-aged and older adults. In our double-blind human study, 69 participants (17 male, 52 female; mean age: 74.1 ± 7.7 years; range: 52–87 years) were administered either 9 mg of capsinoids which were extracted from pepper fruit variety CH-19 Sweet (Capsicum anuum L.) (CP group), or a placebo (PL group) daily over a 3 month period. In an animal study, PA and inflammation-related mRNA expression in the brain were examined in 5-week (young) and 53-week (old) aged mice fed a diet with or without 0.3% dihydrocapsiate, a type of capsinoids, for 12 weeks. In a human study, capsinoids intake did not increase the amount of light-to-moderate PA less than 6.0 metabolic equivalents (METs) (CP: 103.0 ± 28.2 at baseline to 108.2 ± 28.3 at 12 weeks; PL: 104.6 ± 19.8 at baseline to 115.2 ± 23.6 at 12 weeks, METs × hour/week); however, in participants exhibiting an inactive lifestyle, it showed significant increase (CP: 84.5 ± 17.2 at baseline to 99.2 ± 24.9 at 12 weeks; PL: 99.7 ± 23.3 at baseline to 103.8 ± 21.9 at 12 weeks). The energy expenditure in physical activity also improved in the inactive CP group (CP: 481.2 ± 96.3 at baseline to 562.5 ± 145.5 at 12 weeks; PL: 536.8 ± 112.2 at baseline to 598.6 ± 127.6 at 12 weeks; kcal/day). In all participants, CP showed reduced waist circumference, percent body fat, and visceral fat volume; in addition, chills were eased in subjects aged 80 years and older. The older mice fed capsinoids showed increased locomotion activity, decreased inflammation, and oxidative stress in the brain. The results suggest that the continuous oral ingestion of capsinoids gains PA through anti-inflammation effect in the brain as well as reduces fat accumulation and chills in inactive and older humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keiichi Yokoyama
- Institute for Active Health, Institutes of Interdisciplinary Research, Kyoto University of Advanced Science, 1-1 Nanjo Otani, Sogabe-cho, Kameoka-city, Kyoto 621-8555, Japan; (Y.Y.); (M.K.)
- Nonprofit Organization Genki-up AGE Project, Kameoka-city, Kyoto 621-8555, Japan;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-90-3700-9086; Fax: +81-771-29-2354
| | - Yosuke Yamada
- Institute for Active Health, Institutes of Interdisciplinary Research, Kyoto University of Advanced Science, 1-1 Nanjo Otani, Sogabe-cho, Kameoka-city, Kyoto 621-8555, Japan; (Y.Y.); (M.K.)
- Nonprofit Organization Genki-up AGE Project, Kameoka-city, Kyoto 621-8555, Japan;
| | - Yasunori Akamatsu
- Center for Faculty Development, Kyoto University of Advanced Science, 1-1 Nanjo Otani, Sogabe-cho, Kameoka-city, Kyoto 621-8555, Japan;
- Department of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Hypertension Research, Clinical Research Institute, National Hospital Organization Kyoto Medical Center, 1-1 Mukaihata-cho, Fukakusa, Fushimi-ku, Kyoto City, Kyoto 612-8555, Japan
| | - Yasuko Yoshinaka
- Nonprofit Organization Genki-up AGE Project, Kameoka-city, Kyoto 621-8555, Japan;
- Center for Faculty Development, Kyoto University of Advanced Science, 1-1 Nanjo Otani, Sogabe-cho, Kameoka-city, Kyoto 621-8555, Japan;
| | - Akiko Yamamoto
- Ajinomoto Co., Inc., Institute of Food Sciences & Technologies, 1-1 Suzuki-cho, Kawasaki-ku, Kawasaki City, Kanagawa 210-8681, Japan; (A.Y.); (T.K.); (K.S.)
| | - Tomonori Koizumi
- Ajinomoto Co., Inc., Institute of Food Sciences & Technologies, 1-1 Suzuki-cho, Kawasaki-ku, Kawasaki City, Kanagawa 210-8681, Japan; (A.Y.); (T.K.); (K.S.)
| | - Kana Ohyama
- Ajinomoto Co., Inc., Task Force for Nutrition Strategy, 15-1, Kyobashi 1-chome, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 104-8315, Japan;
| | - Katsuya Suzuki
- Ajinomoto Co., Inc., Institute of Food Sciences & Technologies, 1-1 Suzuki-cho, Kawasaki-ku, Kawasaki City, Kanagawa 210-8681, Japan; (A.Y.); (T.K.); (K.S.)
| | - Masaki Hashimoto
- Ajinomoto Co., Inc., Direct Marketing Department, 15-1, Kyobashi 1-chome, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 104-8315, Japan;
| | - Hitoshi Sato
- Ajinomoto Co., Inc., Quality Assurance Department, 15-1, Kyobashi 1-chome, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 104-8315, Japan;
| | - Misaka Kimura
- Institute for Active Health, Institutes of Interdisciplinary Research, Kyoto University of Advanced Science, 1-1 Nanjo Otani, Sogabe-cho, Kameoka-city, Kyoto 621-8555, Japan; (Y.Y.); (M.K.)
- Nonprofit Organization Genki-up AGE Project, Kameoka-city, Kyoto 621-8555, Japan;
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Yu Q, He Z, Zubkov D, Huang S, Kurochkin I, Yang X, Halene T, Willmitzer L, Giavalisco P, Akbarian S, Khaitovich P. Lipidome alterations in human prefrontal cortex during development, aging, and cognitive disorders. Mol Psychiatry 2020; 25:2952-2969. [PMID: 30089790 PMCID: PMC7577858 DOI: 10.1038/s41380-018-0200-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2018] [Revised: 04/26/2018] [Accepted: 06/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Lipids are essential to brain functions, yet they remain largely unexplored. Here we investigated the lipidome composition of prefrontal cortex gray matter in 396 cognitively healthy individuals with ages spanning 100 years, as well as 67 adult individuals diagnosed with autism (ASD), schizophrenia (SZ), and Down syndrome (DS). Of the 5024 detected lipids, 95% showed significant age-dependent concentration differences clustering into four temporal stages, and resulting in a gradual increase in membrane fluidity in individuals ranging from newborn to nonagenarian. Aging affects 14% of the brain lipidome with late-life changes starting predominantly at 50-55 years of age-a period of general metabolic transition. All three diseases alter the brain lipidome composition, leading-among other things-to a concentration decrease in glycerophospholipid metabolism and endocannabinoid signaling pathways. Lipid concentration decreases in SZ were further linked to genetic variants associated with disease, indicating the relevance of the lipidome changes to disease progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianhui Yu
- grid.9227.e0000000119573309Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031 China ,grid.419092.70000 0004 0467 2285CAS Key Laboratory of Compstudy has been deposited in the National Omics Datautational Biology, CAS-MPG Partner Institute for Computational Biology, SIBS, CAS, Shanghai, 200031 China
| | - Zhisong He
- grid.419092.70000 0004 0467 2285CAS Key Laboratory of Compstudy has been deposited in the National Omics Datautational Biology, CAS-MPG Partner Institute for Computational Biology, SIBS, CAS, Shanghai, 200031 China ,grid.454320.40000 0004 0555 3608Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, Moscow, 143028 Russia
| | - Dmitry Zubkov
- grid.454320.40000 0004 0555 3608Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, Moscow, 143028 Russia
| | - Shuyun Huang
- grid.419092.70000 0004 0467 2285CAS Key Laboratory of Compstudy has been deposited in the National Omics Datautational Biology, CAS-MPG Partner Institute for Computational Biology, SIBS, CAS, Shanghai, 200031 China ,grid.440637.20000 0004 4657 8879ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, 200031 China
| | - Ilia Kurochkin
- grid.454320.40000 0004 0555 3608Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, Moscow, 143028 Russia
| | - Xiaode Yang
- grid.9227.e0000000119573309Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031 China ,grid.419092.70000 0004 0467 2285CAS Key Laboratory of Compstudy has been deposited in the National Omics Datautational Biology, CAS-MPG Partner Institute for Computational Biology, SIBS, CAS, Shanghai, 200031 China
| | - Tobias Halene
- grid.59734.3c0000 0001 0670 2351Department of Psychiatry and Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029 USA
| | - Lothar Willmitzer
- grid.418390.70000 0004 0491 976XMax Planck Institute for Molecular Plant Physiology, Am Mühlenberg 1, Potsdam, 14476 Germany
| | - Patrick Giavalisco
- Max Planck Institute for Molecular Plant Physiology, Am Mühlenberg 1, Potsdam, 14476, Germany.
| | - Schahram Akbarian
- Department of Psychiatry and Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA.
| | - Philipp Khaitovich
- Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, Moscow, 143028, Russia. .,ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, 200031, China. .,Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig, 04103, Germany. .,Comparative Biology Group, CAS-MPG Partner Institute for Computational Biology, SIBS, CAS, Shanghai, 200031, China.
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41
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Mahizir D, Briffa JF, Wood JL, Anevska K, Hill-Yardin EL, Jefferies AJ, Gravina S, Mazzarino G, Franks AE, Moritz KM, Wadley GD, Wlodek ME. Exercise improves metabolic function and alters the microbiome in rats with gestational diabetes. FASEB J 2019; 34:1728-1744. [PMID: 31914625 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201901424r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2019] [Revised: 10/08/2019] [Accepted: 10/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a common pregnancy complication, particularly prevalent in obese women. Importantly, exercise has beneficial impacts on maternal glucose control and may prevent GDM in "at-risk" women. We aimed to determine whether a high-fat diet (HFD) exacerbates metabolic dysfunction and alters gut microbiome in GDM and whether endurance exercise prevents these changes. Uteroplacental insufficiency was induced by bilateral uterine vessel ligation (Restricted) or sham (Control) surgery on E18 in Wistar-Kyoto rats. Female offspring were fed a Chow or HFD (23% fat) from weaning (5 weeks) and at 16 weeks randomly allocated to remain Sedentary or to an exercise protocol of either Exercise prior to and during pregnancy (Exercise); or Exercise during pregnancy only (PregEx). Females were mated (20 weeks) and underwent indirect calorimetry (embryonic day 16; E16), glucose tolerance testing (E18), followed by 24-hr feces collection at E19 (n = 8-10/group). HFD consumption in female rats with GDM exacerbated the adverse metabolic adaptations to pregnancy and altered gut microbial populations. Specifically, the Firmicutes-to-Bacteroidetes ratio was increased, due to an underlying change in abundance of the orders Clostridiales and Bacteroidales. Maternal Exercise, but not PregEx, prevented the development of metabolic dysfunction, increased pancreatic β-cell mass, and prevented the alteration of the gut microbiome in GDM females. Our findings suggest that maternal exercise and diet influence metabolic and microbiome dysfunction in females with GDM, which may impact long-term maternal and offspring health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dayana Mahizir
- Department of Physiology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Jessica F Briffa
- Department of Physiology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Jennifer L Wood
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Microbiology, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC, Australia.,Centre for Future Landscapes, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC, Australia
| | - Kristina Anevska
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Microbiology, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC, Australia
| | - Elisa L Hill-Yardin
- Department of Physiology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia.,School of Health and Biomedical Sciences, RMIT University, Bundoora, VIC, Australia
| | - Andrew J Jefferies
- Department of Physiology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Sogand Gravina
- Department of Physiology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Gisella Mazzarino
- School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Queensland, St. Lucia, QLD, Australia
| | - Ashley E Franks
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Microbiology, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC, Australia.,Centre for Future Landscapes, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC, Australia
| | - Karen M Moritz
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, Australia
| | - Glenn D Wadley
- School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Queensland, St. Lucia, QLD, Australia
| | - Mary E Wlodek
- Department of Physiology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
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Takae R, Hatamoto Y, Yasukata J, Kose Y, Komiyama T, Ikenaga M, Yoshimura E, Yamada Y, Ebine N, Higaki Y, Tanaka H. Physical Activity and/or High Protein Intake Maintains Fat-Free Mass in Older People with Mild Disability; the Fukuoka Island City Study: A Cross-Sectional Study. Nutrients 2019; 11:nu11112595. [PMID: 31671741 PMCID: PMC6893506 DOI: 10.3390/nu11112595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2019] [Revised: 10/21/2019] [Accepted: 10/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Body composition changes with age, with fat mass (FM) increasing and fat-free mass (FFM) decreasing. Higher physical activity and high or adequate protein intake are thought to be beneficial in preventing the loss of skeletal muscle mass in the elderly. We aimed to investigate the relationships between physical activity, protein intake, and FFM in older people with mild disability. Total energy expenditure (TEE) under free-living conditions was assessed using the doubly-labelled water (DLW) method, and physical activity was measured using a triaxial accelerometer. Dietary intake was assessed using a self-recorded food intake diary during the DLW period. Percent FFM was significantly positively correlated with protein intake and physical activity level (PAL) after adjustment for age and sex (protein intake r = 0.652, p < 0.001, PAL r = 0.345, p = 0.011). In multiple linear regression analysis, when PAL, moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA), or protein intake were included, 31%, 32%, and 55%, respectively, of the variation in %FFM was explained. Moreover, the addition of both PAL/MVPA and protein intake explained 61%/60%, respectively, of the variation in %FFM. Either protein intake above the currently recommended level or higher levels of physical activity would be beneficial for the maintenance of high %FFM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rie Takae
- Graduate School of Sports and Health Science, Fukuoka University, 8-19-1 Nanakuma, Jonan-ku, Fukuoka 814-0180, Japan.
| | - Yoichi Hatamoto
- Institute for Physical Activity, Fukuoka University, 8-19-1 Nanakuma, Jonan-ku, Fukuoka 814-0180, Japan.
- Department of Nutrition and Metabolism, National Institute of Health and Nutrition, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health, and Nutrition, 1-23-1 Toyama, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8636, Japan.
| | - Jun Yasukata
- Institute for Physical Activity, Fukuoka University, 8-19-1 Nanakuma, Jonan-ku, Fukuoka 814-0180, Japan.
- Faculty of Sports and Health Science, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, 8-19-1 Nanakuma Jonan-ku, Fukuoka-shi, Fukuoka 814-0180, Japan.
| | - Yujiro Kose
- Institute for Physical Activity, Fukuoka University, 8-19-1 Nanakuma, Jonan-ku, Fukuoka 814-0180, Japan.
- Faculty of Sports and Health Science, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, 8-19-1 Nanakuma Jonan-ku, Fukuoka-shi, Fukuoka 814-0180, Japan.
| | - Takaaki Komiyama
- Graduate School of Sports and Health Science, Fukuoka University, 8-19-1 Nanakuma, Jonan-ku, Fukuoka 814-0180, Japan.
- Center for Education in Liberal Arts and Sciences, Osaka University, 1-17 Machikaneyamachou, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-0043, Japan.
| | - Masahiro Ikenaga
- Institute for Physical Activity, Fukuoka University, 8-19-1 Nanakuma, Jonan-ku, Fukuoka 814-0180, Japan.
| | - Eiichi Yoshimura
- Department of Food and Health Sciences, Prefectural University of Kumamoto Faculty of Environmental and Symbiotic Sciences, 3-1-100 Tsukide, Higashi-ku, Kumamoto 862-8502, Japan.
| | - Yosuke Yamada
- Department of Nutrition and Metabolism, National Institute of Health and Nutrition, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health, and Nutrition, 1-23-1 Toyama, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8636, Japan.
| | - Naoyuki Ebine
- Faculty of Health and Sports Science, Doshisha University, 1-3 Miyakodani Tatara, Kyotanabe-shi, Kyoto 610-0394, Japan.
| | - Yasuki Higaki
- Institute for Physical Activity, Fukuoka University, 8-19-1 Nanakuma, Jonan-ku, Fukuoka 814-0180, Japan.
- Faculty of Sports and Health Science, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, 8-19-1 Nanakuma Jonan-ku, Fukuoka-shi, Fukuoka 814-0180, Japan.
| | - Hiroaki Tanaka
- Institute for Physical Activity, Fukuoka University, 8-19-1 Nanakuma, Jonan-ku, Fukuoka 814-0180, Japan.
- Faculty of Sports and Health Science, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, 8-19-1 Nanakuma Jonan-ku, Fukuoka-shi, Fukuoka 814-0180, Japan.
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Ubaida-Mohien C, Lyashkov A, Gonzalez-Freire M, Tharakan R, Shardell M, Moaddel R, Semba RD, Chia CW, Gorospe M, Sen R, Ferrucci L. Discovery proteomics in aging human skeletal muscle finds change in spliceosome, immunity, proteostasis and mitochondria. eLife 2019; 8:49874. [PMID: 31642809 PMCID: PMC6810669 DOI: 10.7554/elife.49874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 117] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2019] [Accepted: 09/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
A decline of skeletal muscle strength with aging is a primary cause of mobility loss and frailty in older persons, but the molecular mechanisms of such decline are not understood. Here, we performed quantitative proteomic analysis from skeletal muscle collected from 58 healthy persons aged 20 to 87 years. In muscle from older persons, ribosomal proteins and proteins related to energetic metabolism, including those related to the TCA cycle, mitochondria respiration, and glycolysis, were underrepresented, while proteins implicated in innate and adaptive immunity, proteostasis, and alternative splicing were overrepresented. Consistent with reports in animal models, older human muscle was characterized by deranged energetic metabolism, a pro-inflammatory environment and increased proteolysis. Changes in alternative splicing with aging were confirmed by RNA-seq analysis. We propose that changes in the splicing machinery enables muscle cells to respond to a rise in damage with aging. As humans age, their muscles become weaker, making it increasingly harder for them to move, a condition known as sarcopenia. Analyzing old muscles in other animals revealed that they produce energy inefficiently, they destroy more proteins than younger muscles, and they have high levels of molecules that cause inflammation. These characteristics may be involved in causing muscle weakness. Proteomics is the study of proteins, the molecules that play many roles in keeping the body working: for example, they accelerate chemical reactions, participate in copying DNA and help cells respond to stimuli. Using proteomics, it is possible to examine a large number of the different proteins in a tissue, which can provide information about the state of that tissue. Ubaida-Mohien et al. used this approach to answer the question of why muscles become weaker with age. First, they analyzed the levels of all the proteins found in skeletal muscle collected from 58 healthy volunteers between 20 and 87 years of age. This revealed that the muscles of older people have fewer copies of the proteins that make up ribosomes – the cellular machines that produce new proteins – and fewer proteins involved in providing the cell with chemical energy. In contrast, proteins implicated in the immune system, in the maintenance of existing proteins, and in processing other molecules called RNAs were more abundant in older muscles. Ubaida-Mohien et al. then looked more closely at changes involving RNA processing. Cells make proteins by copying DNA sequences into an RNA template and using this template to instruct the ribosomes on how to make the specific protein. Before the RNA can be ‘read’ by a ribosome, however, some parts must be cut out and others added, which can lead to different versions of the final RNA, also known as alternative transcripts. In order to check whether the difference in the levels of proteins that process RNAs was affecting the RNAs being produced, Ubaida-Mohien et al. extracted the RNAs from older and younger muscles and compared them. This showed that the RNA in older people had more alternative transcripts, confirming that the change in protein levels was having downstream effects. Currently, it is not possible to prevent or delay the loss of muscle strength associated with aging. Understanding how the protein make-up of muscles changes as humans grow older may help find new ways to prevent and perhaps even reverse this decline.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ceereena Ubaida-Mohien
- Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, United States
| | - Alexey Lyashkov
- Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, United States
| | - Marta Gonzalez-Freire
- Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, United States
| | - Ravi Tharakan
- Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, United States
| | - Michelle Shardell
- Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, United States
| | - Ruin Moaddel
- Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, United States
| | | | - Chee W Chia
- Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, United States
| | - Myriam Gorospe
- Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, United States
| | - Ranjan Sen
- Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, United States
| | - Luigi Ferrucci
- Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, United States
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44
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Metabolism, bioenergetics and thermal physiology: influences of the human intestinal microbiota. Nutr Res Rev 2019; 32:205-217. [PMID: 31258100 DOI: 10.1017/s0954422419000076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The micro-organisms which inhabit the human gut (i.e. the intestinal microbiota) influence numerous human biochemical pathways and physiological functions. The present review focuses on two questions, 'Are intestinal microbiota effects measurable and meaningful?' and 'What research methods and variables are influenced by intestinal microbiota effects?'. These questions are considered with respect to doubly labelled water measurements of energy expenditure, heat balance calculations and models, measurements of RMR via indirect calorimetry, and diet-induced energy expenditure. Several lines of evidence suggest that the intestinal microbiota introduces measurement variability and measurement errors which have been overlooked in research studies involving nutrition, bioenergetics, physiology and temperature regulation. Therefore, we recommend that present conceptual models and research techniques be updated via future experiments, to account for the metabolic processes and regulatory influences of the intestinal microbiota.
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45
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Ndahimana D, Go NY, Ishikawa-Takata K, Park J, Kim EK. Validity of the dietary reference intakes for determining energy requirements in older adults. Nutr Res Pract 2019; 13:256-262. [PMID: 31214294 PMCID: PMC6548704 DOI: 10.4162/nrp.2019.13.3.256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2019] [Revised: 05/10/2019] [Accepted: 05/23/2019] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES The objectives of this study were to evaluate the accuracy of the Dietary Reference Intakes (DRI) for estimating the energy requirements of older adults, and to develop and validate new equations for predicting the energy requirements of this population group. MATERIALS/METHODS The study subjects were 25 men and 23 women with a mean age of 72.2 ± 3.9 years and 70.0 ± 3.3 years, and mean BMI of 24.0 ± 2.1 and 23.9 ± 2.7, respectively. The total energy expenditure (TEE) was measured by using the doubly labeled water (DLW) method, and used to validate the DRI predictive equations for estimated energy requirements (EER) and to develop new EER predictive equations. These developed equations were cross-validated by using the leave-one-out technique. RESULTS In men, the DRI equation had a -7.2% bias and accurately predicted the EER (meaning EER values within ±10% of the measured TEE) for 64% of the subjects, whereas our developed equation had a bias of -0.1% and an accuracy rate of 84%. In women, the bias was -6.6% for the DRI equation and 0.2% for our developed equation, and the accuracy rate was 74% and 83%, respectively. The predicted EER was strongly correlated with the measured TEE, for both the DRI equations and our developed equations (Pearson's r = 0.915 and 0.908, respectively). CONCLUSIONS The DRI equations provided an acceptable prediction of EER in older adults and these study results therefore support the use of these equations in this population group. Our developed equations had a better predictive accuracy than the DRI equations, but more studies need to be performed to assess the performance of these new equations when applied to an independent sample of older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Didace Ndahimana
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Gangneung-Wonju National University, 7 Jukheon-gil, Gangneung 25457, Korea
| | - Na-Young Go
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Gangneung-Wonju National University, 7 Jukheon-gil, Gangneung 25457, Korea
| | - Kazuko Ishikawa-Takata
- Department of Nutrition and Metabolism, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, Tokyo 162-8636, Japan
| | - Jonghoon Park
- Department of Physical Education, Korea University, 145 Anam-Ro, Seongbuk-Gu, Seoul 02841, Korea
| | - Eun-Kyung Kim
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Gangneung-Wonju National University, 7 Jukheon-gil, Gangneung 25457, Korea
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Keijer J, Li M, Speakman JR. What is the best housing temperature to translate mouse experiments to humans? Mol Metab 2019; 25:168-176. [PMID: 31003945 PMCID: PMC6599456 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmet.2019.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2019] [Accepted: 04/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Ambient temperature impinges on energy metabolism in a body size dependent manner. This has implications for the housing temperature at which mice are best compared to humans. In 2013, we suggested that, for comparative studies, solitary mice are best housed at 23-25 °C, because this is 3-5 °C below the mouse thermoneutral zone and humans routinely live 3-5 °C below thermoneutrality, and because this generates a ratio of DEE to BMR of 1.6-1.9, mimicking the ratio found in free-living humans. METHODS Recently, Fischer et al. (2017) challenged this estimate. By studying mice at 21 °C and at 30 °C (but notably not at 23-25 °C) they concluded that 30 °C is the optimal housing temperature. Here, we measured energy metabolism of C57BL/6 mice over a range of temperatures, between 21.4 °C and 30.2 °C. RESULTS We observed a ratio of DEE to BMR of 1.7 at 27.6 °C and of 1.8 at 25.5 °C, suggesting that this is the best temperature range for housing C57BL/6 mice to mimic human thermal relations. We used a 24 min average to calculate the ratio, similar to that used in human studies, while the ratio calculated by Fisher et al. dependent on short, transient metabolic declines. CONCLUSION We concur with Fisher et al. and others that 21 °C is too cool, but we continue to suggest that 30 °C is too warm. We support this with other data. Finally, to mimic living environments of all humans, and not just those in controlled Western environments, mouse experimentation at various temperatures is likely required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaap Keijer
- Human and Animal Physiology, Wageningen University, De Elst 1, PO box 338, 6700 AH, Wageningen, the Netherlands.
| | - Min Li
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - John R Speakman
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China; Institute of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, Scotland, UK; CAS Centre of Excellence in Animal Evolution and Genetics, Kunming, China.
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47
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Koya S, Kawaguchi T, Hashida R, Hirota K, Bekki M, Goto E, Yamada M, Sugimoto M, Hayashi S, Goshima N, Yoshiyama T, Otsuka T, Nozoe R, Nagamatsu A, Nakano D, Shirono T, Shimose S, Iwamoto H, Niizeki T, Matsuse H, Koga H, Miura H, Shiba N, Torimura T. Effects of in-hospital exercise on sarcopenia in hepatoma patients who underwent transcatheter arterial chemoembolization. J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2019; 34:580-588. [PMID: 30402913 DOI: 10.1111/jgh.14538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2018] [Revised: 10/14/2018] [Accepted: 10/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM Sarcopenia is a prognostic factor in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients. HCC patients who underwent transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE) are at a risk of muscle atrophy. We aimed to investigate the effects of in-hospital exercise on muscle mass and factors associated with muscle hypertrophy in HCC patients who underwent TACE. METHODS We enrolled 209 HCC patients who underwent TACE. Patients were classified into either an exercise (n = 102) or control (n = 107) group. In the exercise group, patients were treated with in-hospital exercise (median 2.5 metabolic equivalents/20-40 min/day). The effects of exercise on muscle mass were evaluated by changes in skeletal muscle index (ΔSMI) between before and after TACE. Factors associated with an increase in SMI were analyzed by logistic regression and decision-tree analyses. RESULTS There was no significant difference in serum albumin and bilirubin levels between the two groups. ΔSMI was significantly higher in the exercise group than in the control group (0.28 cm2 /m2 vs -1.11 cm2 /m2 , P = 0.0029). In the logistic regression analysis, exercise was an independent factor for an increase in SMI (hazard ratio 2.13; 95% confidence interval 1.215-3.846; P = 0.0085). Moreover, the decision-tree analysis showed that exercise was the initial divergence variable for an increase in SMI (the ratio of increased SMI: 53% in the exercise group vs 36% in the control group). CONCLUSIONS In-hospital exercises increased muscle mass in HCC patients who underwent TACE. In addition, exercise was an independent factor for muscle hypertrophy. Thus, in-hospital exercise may prevent sarcopenia in HCC patients who underwent TACE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shunji Koya
- Division of Rehabilitation, Kurume University Hospital, Kurume, Japan
| | - Takumi Kawaguchi
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Kurume University, Kurume, Japan
| | - Ryuki Hashida
- Division of Rehabilitation, Kurume University Hospital, Kurume, Japan.,Department of Orthopedics, School of Medicine, Kurume University, Kurume, Japan
| | - Keisuke Hirota
- Division of Rehabilitation, Kurume University Hospital, Kurume, Japan
| | - Masafumi Bekki
- Division of Rehabilitation, Kurume University Hospital, Kurume, Japan.,Department of Orthopedics, School of Medicine, Kurume University, Kurume, Japan
| | - Emiko Goto
- Department of Nursing, Kurume University Hospital, Kurume, Japan
| | - Maiko Yamada
- Department of Nursing, Kurume University Hospital, Kurume, Japan
| | - Masako Sugimoto
- Department of Nursing, Kurume University Hospital, Kurume, Japan
| | - Saki Hayashi
- Department of Nursing, Kurume University Hospital, Kurume, Japan
| | | | | | | | - Ryosuke Nozoe
- Division of Rehabilitation, Kurume University Hospital, Kurume, Japan
| | - Ayu Nagamatsu
- Department of Nutrition, Kurume University Hospital, Kurume, Japan
| | - Dan Nakano
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Kurume University, Kurume, Japan
| | - Tomotake Shirono
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Kurume University, Kurume, Japan
| | - Shigeo Shimose
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Kurume University, Kurume, Japan
| | - Hideki Iwamoto
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Kurume University, Kurume, Japan
| | - Takashi Niizeki
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Kurume University, Kurume, Japan
| | - Hiroo Matsuse
- Division of Rehabilitation, Kurume University Hospital, Kurume, Japan.,Department of Orthopedics, School of Medicine, Kurume University, Kurume, Japan
| | - Hironori Koga
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Kurume University, Kurume, Japan.,Liver Cancer Research Division, Research Center for Innovative Cancer Therapy, Kurume University, Kurume, Japan
| | - Hiroko Miura
- Department of Nursing, Kurume University Hospital, Kurume, Japan
| | - Naoto Shiba
- Division of Rehabilitation, Kurume University Hospital, Kurume, Japan.,Department of Orthopedics, School of Medicine, Kurume University, Kurume, Japan
| | - Takuji Torimura
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Kurume University, Kurume, Japan
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Seasonal variation in body mass, body composition and activity-induced energy expenditure: a long-term study. Eur J Clin Nutr 2019; 74:135-140. [PMID: 30787469 DOI: 10.1038/s41430-019-0408-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2019] [Revised: 01/31/2019] [Accepted: 02/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES Seasonal variation in body mass is a model for the study of body mass regulation. Here a long-term study is presented on body mass, body composition, and activity-induced energy expenditure in a subject with a large seasonal variation in body mass of about 3.0 kg. SUBJECT/METHODS Body mass was assessed daily over >20 consecutive years. Daily assessment of activity-induced energy expenditure was performed over the last 10 years. Body composition was assessed monthly for 1 year in the middle and at the end of the observation interval. Additionally, data were compared with data on body composition, resting energy expenditure, and total daily energy expenditure of the same subject as a participant in published studies. RESULTS Body mass showed a pronounced seasonal variation, associated with a synchronous variation in physical activity. Body mass peaked in the cold winter months when physical activity reached the lowest annual value and decreased to the lowest value in mid-summer when daily physical activity peaked. The seasonal variation in body mass consisted mainly of body fat. Longitudinally, over the past 8 years of the observation interval, average fat-free mass showed a decrease of 1.0 kg and fat mass increased 0.8 kg. CONCLUSIONS In a subject with a pronounced seasonal variation in physical activity, activity-induced variation in energy requirement was covered by an annual variation in body mass, mainly as fat. Maintenance of activity-induced energy expenditure did not protect against loss of fat-free body mass with advancing age.
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[Clinical Practice Guidelines for Sarcopenia]. Nihon Ronen Igakkai Zasshi 2019; 56:217-226. [PMID: 31366739 DOI: 10.3143/geriatrics.56.217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
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Kwak MK, Lee SE, Cho YY, Suh S, Kim BJ, Song KH, Koh JM, Kim JH, Lee SH. The Differential Effect of Excess Aldosterone on Skeletal Muscle Mass by Sex. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2019; 10:195. [PMID: 30984113 PMCID: PMC6450066 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2019.00195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2018] [Accepted: 03/07/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The effects of excess aldosterone on skeletal muscle in individuals with primary aldosteronism (PA) are unknown. To examine the effects of aldosterone on skeletal muscle mass in patients with PA, by sex, 309 consecutive patients were enrolled. Skeletal muscle and fat mass of 62 patients with PA were compared with those of 247 controls with non-functioning adrenal incidentaloma (NFAI). Body composition parameters were measured using bioelectrical impedance analysis, and plasma aldosterone concentration (PAC) was measured using radioimmunoassay. The PAC in all women, but not in men, showed an inverse association with both appendicular skeletal muscle mass (ASM) (β = -0.197, P = 0.016) and height-adjusted ASM (HA-ASM) (β = -0.207, P = 0.009). HA-ASM in women (but not in men) with PA was 5.0% lower than that in women with NFAI (P = 0.036). Furthermore, women with PA had a lower HA-ASM than 1:1 age- and sex-matched controls with NFAI by 5.7% (P = 0.049) and tended to have a lower HA-ASM than 1:3 age-, sex-, and menopausal status-matched controls without adrenal incidentaloma (AI) by 7.3% (P = 0.053). The odds ratio (OR), per quartile increase in PAC, of low HA-ASM in women was 1.18 [95% confidence interval (CI), 1.01-1.39; P = 0.035]. The odds of HA-ASM in subjects with PA were 10.63-fold (95% CI: 0.83-135.50) higher, with marginal significance (P = 0.069) than in those with NFAI. Skeletal muscle mass in women with PA was lower than that in women with NFAI; suggesting that excess aldosterone has adverse effects on skeletal muscle metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mi Kyung Kwak
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Hallym University Dontan Sacred Heart Hospital, Hwaseong-Si, South Korea
| | - Seung-Eun Lee
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Yoon Young Cho
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine, Jinju, South Korea
| | - Sunghwan Suh
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Dong-A University Medical Center, Dong-A University College of Medicine, Busan, South Korea
| | - Beom-Jun Kim
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Kee-Ho Song
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Konkuk University School of Medicine, Konkuk University Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jung-Min Koh
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jae Hyeon Kim
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
- *Correspondence: Jae Hyeon Kim
| | - Seung Hun Lee
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
- Seung Hun Lee
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