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Xie Y, Xiao D, Li D, Peng M, Peng W, Duan H, Yang X. Combined strategies with PARP inhibitors for the treatment of BRCA wide type cancer. Front Oncol 2024; 14:1441222. [PMID: 39156700 PMCID: PMC11327142 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2024.1441222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2024] [Accepted: 07/19/2024] [Indexed: 08/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Genomic instability stands out as a pivotal hallmark of cancer, and PARP inhibitors (PARPi) emerging as a groundbreaking class of targeted therapy drugs meticulously crafted to inhibit the repair of DNA single-strand breaks(SSB) in tumor cells. Currently, PARPi have been approved for the treatment of ovarian cancer, pancreatic cancer, breast cancer, and prostate cancer characterized by homologous recombination(HR) repair deficiencies due to mutations in BRCA1/2 or other DNA repair associated genes and acquiring the designation of breakthrough therapy. Nonetheless, PARPi exhibit limited efficacy in the majority of HR-proficient BRCA1/2 wild-type cancers. At present, the synergistic approach of combining PARPi with agents that induce HR defects, or with chemotherapy and radiotherapy to induce substantial DNA damage, significantly enhances the efficacy of PARPi in BRCA wild-type or HR-proficient patients, supporting extension the use of PARPi in HR proficient patients. Therefore, we have summarized the effects and mechanisms of the combined use of drugs with PARPi, including the combination of PARPi with HR defect-inducing drugs such as ATRi, CHKi, HR indirectly inducing drugs like VEGFRi, CDKi, immune checkpoint inhibitors and drugs instigating DNA damage such as chemotherapy or radiotherapy. In addition, this review discusses several ongoing clinical trials aimed at analyzing the clinical application potential of these combined treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yijun Xie
- Department of Oncology, Hunan Provincial People’s Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Key Laboratory of Study and Discovery of Small Targeted Molecules of Hunan Province, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Engineering Research Center of Reproduction and Translational Medicine of Hunan Province, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology & Traditional Chinese Medicine Research of Ministry of Education, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Key Laboratory of Protein Chemistry and Developmental Biology of Fish of Ministry of Education, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Department of Pharmacy, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- School of Medicine, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Di Xiao
- Department of Oncology, Hunan Provincial People’s Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Key Laboratory of Study and Discovery of Small Targeted Molecules of Hunan Province, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Engineering Research Center of Reproduction and Translational Medicine of Hunan Province, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology & Traditional Chinese Medicine Research of Ministry of Education, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Key Laboratory of Protein Chemistry and Developmental Biology of Fish of Ministry of Education, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Department of Pharmacy, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- School of Medicine, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Duo Li
- Department of Oncology, Hunan Provincial People’s Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Key Laboratory of Study and Discovery of Small Targeted Molecules of Hunan Province, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Engineering Research Center of Reproduction and Translational Medicine of Hunan Province, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology & Traditional Chinese Medicine Research of Ministry of Education, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Key Laboratory of Protein Chemistry and Developmental Biology of Fish of Ministry of Education, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Department of Pharmacy, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- School of Medicine, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Mei Peng
- Department of Oncology, Hunan Provincial People’s Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Key Laboratory of Study and Discovery of Small Targeted Molecules of Hunan Province, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Engineering Research Center of Reproduction and Translational Medicine of Hunan Province, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology & Traditional Chinese Medicine Research of Ministry of Education, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Key Laboratory of Protein Chemistry and Developmental Biology of Fish of Ministry of Education, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Department of Pharmacy, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- School of Medicine, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Wei Peng
- Department of Oncology, Hunan Provincial People’s Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Key Laboratory of Study and Discovery of Small Targeted Molecules of Hunan Province, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Engineering Research Center of Reproduction and Translational Medicine of Hunan Province, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology & Traditional Chinese Medicine Research of Ministry of Education, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Key Laboratory of Protein Chemistry and Developmental Biology of Fish of Ministry of Education, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Department of Pharmacy, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- School of Medicine, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Huaxin Duan
- Department of Oncology, Hunan Provincial People’s Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Key Laboratory of Study and Discovery of Small Targeted Molecules of Hunan Province, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Engineering Research Center of Reproduction and Translational Medicine of Hunan Province, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology & Traditional Chinese Medicine Research of Ministry of Education, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Key Laboratory of Protein Chemistry and Developmental Biology of Fish of Ministry of Education, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Department of Pharmacy, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- School of Medicine, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Xiaoping Yang
- Department of Oncology, Hunan Provincial People’s Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Key Laboratory of Study and Discovery of Small Targeted Molecules of Hunan Province, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Engineering Research Center of Reproduction and Translational Medicine of Hunan Province, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology & Traditional Chinese Medicine Research of Ministry of Education, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Key Laboratory of Protein Chemistry and Developmental Biology of Fish of Ministry of Education, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Department of Pharmacy, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- School of Medicine, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China
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Qian X, Ning W, Dunmall LC, Qu Y, Wang Y, Zhang H. Treatment of intracranial inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor with PD-L1 inhibitor and novel oncolytic adenovirus Ad-TD-nsIL12: a case report and literature review. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1427554. [PMID: 39114662 PMCID: PMC11303231 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1427554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2024] [Accepted: 07/01/2024] [Indexed: 08/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor (IMT) is a rare pathological entity first described in 1939. This lesion is most commonly found in the lungs, but cases involving other systems, such as the central nervous system known as intracranial IMT (IIMT), have also been reported. Diagnosis currently relies on pathological results due to the lack of characteristic imaging changes. Surgical resection is an effective treatment, though the disease is invasive and may recur. Previous literature has reported a high level of programmed death 1 (PD-1) expression in IMT tissues, suggesting that immunotherapy may be effective for this condition. In this case report, we present a middle-aged male who received PD-1 inhibitor and oncolytic adenovirus (Ad-TD-nsIL12) treatment after IIMT resection surgery. This successful approach provides a new direction for the treatment of IIMT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Qian
- Department of Neurosurgery, Sanbo Brain Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Weihai Ning
- Department of Neurosurgery, Sanbo Brain Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Louisa Chard Dunmall
- Centre for Cancer Biomarkers and Biotherapeutics, Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Yanming Qu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Sanbo Brain Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yaohe Wang
- Centre for Cancer Biomarkers and Biotherapeutics, Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Hongwei Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Sanbo Brain Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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Javed SA, Najmi A, Ahsan W, Zoghebi K. Targeting PD-1/PD-L-1 immune checkpoint inhibition for cancer immunotherapy: success and challenges. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1383456. [PMID: 38660299 PMCID: PMC11039846 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1383456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024] Open
Abstract
The programmed death-1 receptor (PD-1) acts as a T-cell brake, and its interaction with ligand-1 (PD-L-1) interferes with signal transduction of the T-cell receptor. This leads to suppression of T-cell survival, proliferation, and activity in the tumor microenvironment resulting in compromised anticancer immunity. PD-1/PD-L-1 interaction blockade shown remarkable clinical success in various cancer immunotherapies. To date, most PD-1/PD-L-1 blockers approved for clinical use are monoclonal antibodies (mAbs); however, their therapeutic use are limited owing to poor clinical responses in a proportion of patients. mAbs also displayed low tumor penetration, steep production costs, and incidences of immune-related side effects. This strongly indicates the importance of developing novel inhibitors as cancer immunotherapeutic agents. Recently, advancements in the small molecule-based inhibitors (SMIs) that directly block the PD-1/PD-L-1 axis gained attention from the scientific community involved in cancer research. SMIs demonstrated certain advantages over mAbs, including longer half-lives, low cost, greater cell penetration, and possibility of oral administration. Currently, several SMIs are in development pipeline as potential therapeutics for cancer immunotherapy. To develop new SMIs, a wide range of structural scaffolds have been explored with excellent outcomes; biphenyl-based scaffolds are most studied. In this review, we analyzed the development of mAbs and SMIs targeting PD-1/PD-L-1 axis for cancer treatment. Altogether, the present review delves into the problems related to mAbs use and a detailed discussion on the development and current status of SMIs. This article may provide a comprehensive guide to medicinal chemists regarding the potential structural scaffolds required for PD-1/PD-L-1 interaction inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Asim Najmi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
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Sun Y, Lin S, Wang H, Wang L, Qiu Y, Zhang F, Hao N, Wang F, Tan W. Regulatory role of PI16 in autoimmune arthritis and intestinal inflammation: implications for Treg cell differentiation and function. J Transl Med 2024; 22:327. [PMID: 38566233 PMCID: PMC10985956 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-024-05082-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 03/10/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Regulatory T cells (Tregs) are crucial in maintaining immune homeostasis and preventing autoimmunity and inflammation. A proportion of Treg cells can lose Foxp3 expression and become unstable under inflammation conditions. The precise mechanisms underlying this phenomenon remain unclear. METHODS The PI16 gene knockout mice (PI16fl/flFoxp3Cre) in Treg were constructed, and the genotypes were identified. The proportion and phenotypic differences of immune cells in 8-week-old mice were detected by cell counter and flow cytometry. Two groups of mouse Naïve CD4+T cells were induced to differentiate into iTreg cells to observe the effect of PI16 on the differentiation and proliferation of iTreg cells, CD4+CD25+Treg and CD4+CD25- effector T cells (Teff) were selected and co-cultured with antigen presenting cells (APC) to observe the effect of PI16 on the inhibitory ability of Treg cells in vitro. The effects of directed knockout of PI16 in Treg cells on inflammatory symptoms, histopathological changes and immune cell expression in mice with enteritis and autoimmune arthritis were observed by constructing the model of antigen-induced arthritis (AIA) and colitis induced by dextran sulfate sodium salt (DSS). RESULTS We identified peptidase inhibitor 16 (PI16) as a negative regulator of Treg cells. Our findings demonstrate that conditional knock-out of PI16 in Tregs significantly enhances their differentiation and suppressive functions. The conditional knockout of the PI16 gene resulted in a significantly higher abundance of Foxp3 expression (35.12 ± 5.71% vs. 20.00 ± 1.61%, p = 0.034) in iTreg cells induced in vitro compared to wild-type mice. Mice with Treg cell-specific PI16 ablation are protected from autoimmune arthritis (AIA) and dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis development. The AIA model of PI16CKO is characterized by the reduction of joint structure and the attenuation of synovial inflammation and in DSS-induced colitis model, conditional knockout of the PI16 reduce intestinal structural damage. Additionally, we found that the deletion of the PI16 gene in Treg can increase the proportion of Treg (1.46 ± 0.14% vs. 0.64 ± 0.07%, p < 0.0001) and decrease the proportion of Th17 (1.00 ± 0.12% vs. 3.84 ± 0.64%, p = 0.001). This change will enhance the shift of Th17/Treg toward Treg cells in AIA arthritis model (0.71 ± 0.06% vs. 8.07 ± 1.98%, p = 0.003). In DSS-induced colitis model of PI16CKO, the proportion of Treg in spleen was significantly increased (1.40 ± 0.15% vs. 0.50 ± 0.11%, p = 0.003), Th17 (2.18 ± 0.55% vs. 6.42 ± 1.47%, p = 0.017), Th1 (3.42 ± 0.19% vs. 6.59 ± 1.28%, p = 0.028) and Th2 (1.52 ± 0.27% vs. 2.76 ± 0.38%, p = 0.018) in spleen was significantly decreased and the Th17/Treg balance swift toward Treg cells (1.44 ± 0.50% vs. 24.09 ± 7.18%, p = 0.012). CONCLUSION PI16 plays an essential role in inhibiting Treg cell differentiation and function. Conditional knock out PI16 gene in Treg can promote the Treg/Th17 balance towards Treg dominance, thereby alleviating the condition. Targeting PI16 may facilitate Treg cell-based therapies for preventing autoimmune diseases and inflammatory diseases. The research provides us with novel insights and future research avenues for the treatment of autoimmune diseases, particularly arthritis and colitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuankai Sun
- Department of Rheumatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Shiyu Lin
- Department of Rheumatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Hui Wang
- Department of Rheumatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Lei Wang
- Department of Rheumatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Yulu Qiu
- Department of Rheumatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Feifei Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Nannan Hao
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Fang Wang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, China.
| | - Wenfeng Tan
- Department of Rheumatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, China.
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Maddaloni E, Amendolara R, Balena A, Latino A, Sessa RL, Buzzetti R. Immune checkpoint modulators in early clinical development for the treatment of type 1 diabetes. Expert Opin Investig Drugs 2024; 33:303-318. [PMID: 38427915 DOI: 10.1080/13543784.2024.2326036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 03/03/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Despite the improvements of insulin therapy, people with type 1 diabetes (T1D) still suffer from a decreased quality of life and life expectancy. The search toward a cure for T1D is therefore still a scorching open field of research. AREAS COVERED Tackling the immune checkpoint signaling pathways has gained importance in the field of cancer immunotherapy. The same pathways can be targeted in autoimmunity with an opposite principle: to dampen the exaggerated immune response. In this review, we report a comprehensive excursus on the cellular and molecular mechanisms that lead to loss of immunological tolerance, and recent evidence on the role of immune checkpoint molecules in the development of T1D and their potential application for the mitigation of autoimmune diabetes. EXPERT OPINION Contrasting results about the efficacy of immune checkpoint modulators for T1D have been published, with very few molecules from preclinical studies eligible for use in humans. The heterogeneous and complex pathophysiology of T1D may explain the conflicting evidence. Designing clinical trials that acknowledge the pathophysiological and clinical complexity of T1D and that forecast the need of simultaneously tackling different disease pathways will be crucial to enhance the benefits which may be gained by such compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ernesto Maddaloni
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Rocco Amendolara
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Angela Balena
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Alessandro Latino
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Rosario Luigi Sessa
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Raffaella Buzzetti
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
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Hu X, Bukhari SM, Tymm C, Adam K, Lerrer S, Henick BS, Winchester RJ, Mor A. Inhibition of IL-25/IL-17RA improves immune-related adverse events of checkpoint inhibitors and reveals antitumor activity. J Immunother Cancer 2024; 12:e008482. [PMID: 38519059 PMCID: PMC10961528 DOI: 10.1136/jitc-2023-008482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/24/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have improved outcomes and extended patient survival in several tumor types. However, ICIs often induce immune-related adverse events (irAEs) that warrant therapy cessation, thereby limiting the overall effectiveness of this class of therapeutic agents. Currently, available therapies used to treat irAEs might also blunt the antitumor activity of the ICI themselves. Therefore, there is an urgent need to identify treatments that have the potential to be administered alongside ICI to optimize their use. METHODS Using a translationally relevant murine model of anti-PD-1 and anti-CTLA-4 antibodies-induced irAEs, we compared the safety and efficacy of prednisolone, anti-IL-6, anti-TNFɑ, anti-IL-25 (IL-17E), and anti-IL-17RA (the receptor for IL-25) administration to prevent irAEs and to reduce tumor size. RESULTS While all interventions were adequate to inhibit the onset of irAEs pneumonitis and hepatitis, treatment with anti-IL-25 or anti-IL-17RA antibodies also exerted additional antitumor activity. Mechanistically, IL-25/IL-17RA blockade reduced the number of organ-infiltrating lymphocytes. CONCLUSION These findings suggest that IL-25/IL-17RA may serve as an additional target when treating ICI-responsive tumors, allowing for better tumor control while suppressing immune-related toxicities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xizi Hu
- Center for Translational Immunology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Shoiab M Bukhari
- Center for Translational Immunology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Carly Tymm
- Center for Translational Immunology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Kieran Adam
- Center for Translational Immunology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Shalom Lerrer
- Center for Translational Immunology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Brian S Henick
- Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Robert J Winchester
- Center for Translational Immunology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
- Division of Rheumatology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Adam Mor
- Center for Translational Immunology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
- Division of Rheumatology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
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Burke KP, Chaudhri A, Freeman GJ, Sharpe AH. The B7:CD28 family and friends: Unraveling coinhibitory interactions. Immunity 2024; 57:223-244. [PMID: 38354702 PMCID: PMC10889489 DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2024.01.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Revised: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024]
Abstract
Immune responses must be tightly regulated to ensure both optimal protective immunity and tolerance. Costimulatory pathways within the B7:CD28 family provide essential signals for optimal T cell activation and clonal expansion. They provide crucial inhibitory signals that maintain immune homeostasis, control resolution of inflammation, regulate host defense, and promote tolerance to prevent autoimmunity. Tumors and chronic pathogens can exploit these pathways to evade eradication by the immune system. Advances in understanding B7:CD28 pathways have ushered in a new era of immunotherapy with effective drugs to treat cancer, autoimmune diseases, infectious diseases, and transplant rejection. Here, we discuss current understanding of the mechanisms underlying the coinhibitory functions of CTLA-4, PD-1, PD-L1:B7-1 and PD-L2:RGMb interactions and less studied B7 family members, including HHLA2, VISTA, BTNL2, and BTN3A1, as well as their overlapping and unique roles in regulating immune responses, and the therapeutic potential of these insights.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelly P Burke
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Immunology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Apoorvi Chaudhri
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Gordon J Freeman
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Arlene H Sharpe
- Department of Immunology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA; Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
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8
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Xin Y, Liu CG, Zang D, Chen J. Gut microbiota and dietary intervention: affecting immunotherapy efficacy in non-small cell lung cancer. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1343450. [PMID: 38361936 PMCID: PMC10867196 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1343450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 02/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) accounts for 80-85% of all lung cancers. In recent years, treatment with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) has gradually improved the survival rate of patients with NSCLC, especially those in the advanced stages. ICIs can block the tolerance pathways that are overexpressed by tumor cells and maintain the protective activity of immune system components against cancer cells. Emerging clinical evidence suggests that gut microbiota may modulate responses to ICIs treatment, possibly holding a key role in tumor immune surveillance and the efficacy of ICIs. Studies have also shown that diet can influence the abundance of gut microbiota in humans, therefore, dietary interventions and the adjustment of the gut microbiota is a novel and promising treatment strategy for adjunctive cancer therapy. This review comprehensively summarizes the effects of gut microbiota, antibiotics (ATBs), and dietary intervention on the efficacy of immunotherapy in NSCLC, with the aim of informing the development of novel strategies in NSCLC immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Jun Chen
- Department of Oncology, The Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
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9
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Wang Y, Zhou Y, Yang L, Lei L, He B, Cao J, Gao H. Challenges Coexist with Opportunities: Spatial Heterogeneity Expression of PD-L1 in Cancer Therapy. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024; 11:e2303175. [PMID: 37934012 PMCID: PMC10767451 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202303175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Revised: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 11/08/2023]
Abstract
Cancer immunotherapy using anti-programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) antibodies has been used in various clinical applications and achieved certain results. However, such limitations as autoimmunity, tumor hyperprogression, and overall low patient response rate impede its further clinical application. Mounting evidence has revealed that PD-L1 is not only present in tumor cell membrane but also in cytoplasm, exosome, or even nucleus. Among these, the dynamic and spatial heterogeneous expression of PD-L1 in tumors is mainly responsible for the unsatisfactory efficacy of PD-L1 antibodies. Hence, numerous studies focus on inhibiting or degrading PD-L1 to improve immune response, while a comprehensive understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying spatial heterogeneity of PD-L1 can fundamentally transform the current status of PD-L1 antibodies in clinical development. Herein, the concept of spatial heterogeneous expression of PD-L1 is creatively introduced, encompassing the structure and biological functions of various kinds of PD-L1 (including mPD-L1, cPD-L1, nPD-L1, and exoPD-L1). Then an in-depth analysis of the regulatory mechanisms and potential therapeutic targets of PD-L1 is provided, seeking to offer a solid basis for future investigation. Moreover, the current status of agents is summarized, especially small molecular modulators development directed at these new targets, offering a novel perspective on potential PD-L1 therapeutics strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yazhen Wang
- National Engineering Research Center for BiomaterialsCollege of Biomedical EngineeringSichuan UniversityChengdu610064P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Drug‐Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education MinistrySichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant‐Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial TechnologyWest China School of PharmacySichuan UniversityChengdu610041P. R. China
| | - Yang Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Drug‐Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education MinistrySichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant‐Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial TechnologyWest China School of PharmacySichuan UniversityChengdu610041P. R. China
| | - Lianyi Yang
- National Engineering Research Center for BiomaterialsCollege of Biomedical EngineeringSichuan UniversityChengdu610064P. R. China
| | - Lei Lei
- National Engineering Research Center for BiomaterialsCollege of Biomedical EngineeringSichuan UniversityChengdu610064P. R. China
| | - Bin He
- National Engineering Research Center for BiomaterialsCollege of Biomedical EngineeringSichuan UniversityChengdu610064P. R. China
| | - Jun Cao
- National Engineering Research Center for BiomaterialsCollege of Biomedical EngineeringSichuan UniversityChengdu610064P. R. China
| | - Huile Gao
- Key Laboratory of Drug‐Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education MinistrySichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant‐Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial TechnologyWest China School of PharmacySichuan UniversityChengdu610041P. R. China
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10
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Yilmazer A, Zevla DM, Malmkvist R, Rodríguez CAB, Undurraga P, Kirgin E, Boernert M, Voehringer D, Kershaw O, Schlenner S, Kretschmer K. Selective ablation of thymic and peripheral Foxp3 + regulatory T cell development. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1298938. [PMID: 38164128 PMCID: PMC10757929 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1298938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Foxp3+ regulatory T (Treg) cells of thymic (tTreg) and peripheral (pTreg) developmental origin are thought to synergistically act to ensure immune homeostasis, with self-reactive tTreg cells primarily constraining autoimmune responses. Here we exploited a Foxp3-dependent reporter with thymus-specific GFP/Cre activity to selectively ablate either tTreg (ΔtTreg) or pTreg (ΔpTreg) cell development, while sparing the respective sister populations. We found that, in contrast to the tTreg cell behavior in ΔpTreg mice, pTreg cells acquired a highly activated suppressor phenotype and replenished the Treg cell pool of ΔtTreg mice on a non-autoimmune C57BL/6 background. Despite the absence of tTreg cells, pTreg cells prevented early mortality and fatal autoimmunity commonly observed in Foxp3-deficient models of complete Treg cell deficiency, and largely maintained immune tolerance even as the ΔtTreg mice aged. However, only two generations of backcrossing to the autoimmune-prone non-obese diabetic (NOD) background were sufficient to cause severe disease lethality associated with different, partially overlapping patterns of organ-specific autoimmunity. This included a particularly severe form of autoimmune diabetes characterized by an early onset and abrogation of the sex bias usually observed in the NOD mouse model of human type 1 diabetes. Genetic association studies further allowed us to define a small set of autoimmune risk loci sufficient to promote β cell autoimmunity, including genes known to impinge on Treg cell biology. Overall, these studies show an unexpectedly high functional adaptability of pTreg cells, emphasizing their important role as mediators of bystander effects to ensure self-tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Acelya Yilmazer
- Molecular and Cellular Immunology/Immune Regulation, Center for Regenerative Therapies Dresden (CRTD), Center for Molecular and Cellular Bioengineering (CMCB), Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Dimitra Maria Zevla
- Molecular and Cellular Immunology/Immune Regulation, Center for Regenerative Therapies Dresden (CRTD), Center for Molecular and Cellular Bioengineering (CMCB), Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Rikke Malmkvist
- Molecular and Cellular Immunology/Immune Regulation, Center for Regenerative Therapies Dresden (CRTD), Center for Molecular and Cellular Bioengineering (CMCB), Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Carlos Alejandro Bello Rodríguez
- Molecular and Cellular Immunology/Immune Regulation, Center for Regenerative Therapies Dresden (CRTD), Center for Molecular and Cellular Bioengineering (CMCB), Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Pablo Undurraga
- Molecular and Cellular Immunology/Immune Regulation, Center for Regenerative Therapies Dresden (CRTD), Center for Molecular and Cellular Bioengineering (CMCB), Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Emre Kirgin
- Molecular and Cellular Immunology/Immune Regulation, Center for Regenerative Therapies Dresden (CRTD), Center for Molecular and Cellular Bioengineering (CMCB), Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Marie Boernert
- Molecular and Cellular Immunology/Immune Regulation, Center for Regenerative Therapies Dresden (CRTD), Center for Molecular and Cellular Bioengineering (CMCB), Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - David Voehringer
- Department of Infection Biology, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen and Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Olivia Kershaw
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Institute of Veterinary Pathology, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Susan Schlenner
- KU Leuven-University of Leuven, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Karsten Kretschmer
- Molecular and Cellular Immunology/Immune Regulation, Center for Regenerative Therapies Dresden (CRTD), Center for Molecular and Cellular Bioengineering (CMCB), Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
- Paul Langerhans Institute Dresden (PLID) of the Helmholtz Center Munich, University Hospital and Faculty of Medicine Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD e.V.), Neuherberg, Germany
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11
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Shen W, Pei P, Zhang C, Li J, Han X, Liu T, Shi X, Su Z, Han G, Hu L, Yang K. A Polymeric Hydrogel to Eliminate Programmed Death-Ligand 1 for Enhanced Tumor Radio-Immunotherapy. ACS NANO 2023; 17:23998-24011. [PMID: 37988029 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c08875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2023]
Abstract
Programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) is a specialized shield on tumor cells that evades the immune system. Even inhibited by PD-L1 antibodies, a cycling process constantly transports PD-L1 from inside to outside of cells, facilitating the renewal and replenishment of PD-L1 on the cancer cell membrane. Herein, we develop a sodium alginate hydrogel consisting of elesclomol-Cu and galactose to induce persistent cuproptosis, leading to the reduction of PD-L1 for radio-immunotherapy of colon tumors. First, a prefabricated hydrogel is synthesized by immobilizing elesclomol onto a sodium alginate saccharide chain through the coordination with bivalent copper ions (Cu2+), followed by incorporation of galactose. After implantation into the tumors, this prefabricated hydrogel can be further cross-linked in the presence of physiological calcium ions (Ca2+), resulting in the formation of a hydrogel with controlled release of elesclomol-Cu2+ (ES-Cu) and galactose. The hydrogel effectively induces the oligomerization of DLAT and cuproptosis in colorectal cancer cells. Interestingly, radiation-induced PD-L1 upregulation is abrogated in the presence of the hydrogel, releasing ES-Cu and galactose. Consequently, the sensitization of tumor to radiotherapy and immunotherapy is significantly improved, further prolonging the survival of tumor-bearing mice in both local and metastatic tumors. Our study introduces an approach that combines cuproptosis with immunotherapy and radiotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenhao Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, School of Radiation Medicine and Protection & School for Radiological and Interdisciplinary Sciences (RAD-X), Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiation Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Oncology, Taizhou People's Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Taizhou 225300, Jiangsu, China
| | - Pei Pei
- Teaching and Research Section of Nuclear Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Chonghai Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, School of Radiation Medicine and Protection & School for Radiological and Interdisciplinary Sciences (RAD-X), Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiation Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, Jiangsu, China
- Institutes of Biology and Medical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, Jiangsu, China
| | - Junmei Li
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiangming Han
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, Jiangsu, China
| | - Teng Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, School of Radiation Medicine and Protection & School for Radiological and Interdisciplinary Sciences (RAD-X), Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiation Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiumin Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, School of Radiation Medicine and Protection & School for Radiological and Interdisciplinary Sciences (RAD-X), Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiation Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhiyue Su
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, Jiangsu, China
| | - Gaohua Han
- Department of Oncology, Taizhou People's Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Taizhou 225300, Jiangsu, China
| | - Lin Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, School of Radiation Medicine and Protection & School for Radiological and Interdisciplinary Sciences (RAD-X), Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiation Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, Jiangsu, China
| | - Kai Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, School of Radiation Medicine and Protection & School for Radiological and Interdisciplinary Sciences (RAD-X), Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiation Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, Jiangsu, China
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12
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Basek A, Jakubiak GK, Cieślar G, Stanek A. Life-Threatening Endocrinological Immune-Related Adverse Events of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor Therapy. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:5786. [PMID: 38136332 PMCID: PMC10742092 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15245786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Revised: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Malignant neoplasms are currently one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide, posing a major public health challenge. However, recent advances in research in cancer biology and immunity have led to the development of immunotherapy, which is now used on an everyday basis in cancer treatment in addition to surgical treatment, classical cytostatics, and radiotherapy. The efficacy of immunotherapy has promoted the great popularity of this treatment among patients, as well as significant research interest. The increasing number of patients being treated with immunotherapy not only reassures physicians of the efficacy of this technique but also shows the wide spectrum of side effects of this therapy, which has not been considered before. Immune-related adverse events may affect many systems and organs, such as digestive, cardiovascular, respiratory, skin, or endocrine organs. Most complications have a mild or moderate course, but there are life-threatening manifestations that are essential to be aware of because if they are not properly diagnosed and treated on time, they can have fatal consequences. The purpose of this paper was to present the results of a literature review on the current state of knowledge on life-threatening endocrine side effects (such as adrenal crisis, thyroid storm, myxoedema crisis, diabetic ketoacidosis, and severe hypocalcaemia) of immune checkpoint inhibitors to provide information on symptoms, diagnostics, and management strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandra Basek
- Student Research Group, Department and Clinic of Internal Medicine, Angiology, and Physical Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia, Batorego 15 St., 41-902 Bytom, Poland;
| | - Grzegorz K. Jakubiak
- Department and Clinic of Internal Medicine, Angiology, and Physical Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia, Batorego 15 St., 41-902 Bytom, Poland; (G.C.); (A.S.)
| | - Grzegorz Cieślar
- Department and Clinic of Internal Medicine, Angiology, and Physical Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia, Batorego 15 St., 41-902 Bytom, Poland; (G.C.); (A.S.)
| | - Agata Stanek
- Department and Clinic of Internal Medicine, Angiology, and Physical Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia, Batorego 15 St., 41-902 Bytom, Poland; (G.C.); (A.S.)
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13
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Rezayi M, Hosseini A. Structure of PD1 and its mechanism in the treatment of autoimmune diseases. Cell Biochem Funct 2023; 41:726-737. [PMID: 37475518 DOI: 10.1002/cbf.3827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2023] [Revised: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/08/2023] [Indexed: 07/22/2023]
Abstract
PD-1 and CTLA-4 can play an important role in addressing the issue of autoimmune diseases. PD-1 is a transmembrane glycoprotein expressed on T, B, and Dentric cells. This molecule functions as a checkpoint in T cell proliferation. Ligation of PD-1 with its ligands inhibits the production of IL-2, IL-7, IL-10, and IL-12 as well as other cytokines by macrophages, natural killer (NK) cells, and T cells, which can suppress cell proliferation and inflammation. Today, scientists attempt to protect against autoimmune diseases by PD-1 inhibitory signals. In this review, we discuss the structure, expression, and signaling pathway of PD-1. In addition, we discuss the importance of PD-1 in regulating several autoimmune diseases, reflecting how manipulating this molecule can be an effective method in the immunotherapy of some autoimmune diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahdi Rezayi
- Department of Medical Sciences, Marand Baranch, Islamic Azad University, Marand, Iran
| | - Arezoo Hosseini
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Cellular and Molecular Medicine Research Institute, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
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14
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Lee SA, Chin S, Jung S, Lee K, Moon K, Lee JD. The significance of programed cell death-ligand 1 expression in vestibular schwannoma. Brain Behav 2023; 13:e3137. [PMID: 37366935 PMCID: PMC10498056 DOI: 10.1002/brb3.3137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2022] [Revised: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 06/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The association between programed cell death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) and tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) in vestibular schwannoma (VS) has been investigated in a few studies. These published studies report a difference in the PD-L1 positivity rate in malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors. We examined PD-L1 expression and lymphocyte infiltration in patients with VS who had undergone surgical resection and investigated the association between PD-L1 expression and clinicopathological features. METHODS The expression of PD-L1, CD8, and Ki-67 in 40 VS tissue specimens was investigated using immunohistochemistry, and a clinical review of the patients was performed. RESULTS Of the 40 VS samples, 23 (57.5%) were positive for PD-L1 and 22 (55%) were positive for CD8. No significant differences in age, tumor size, pure-tone audiometry, speech discrimination, or Ki-67 expression were observed between patients in the PD-L1-positive and PD-L1-negative groups. A higher level of CD8-positive cell infiltration was observed in PD-L1-positive tumors than in PD-L1-negative tumors. CONCLUSION We demonstrated that PD-L1 was expressed in VS tissues. Although no correlation was identified between clinical characteristics and PD-L1 expression, the association between PD-L1 and CD8 was confirmed. Thus, additional research on targeting PD-L1 is necessary to improve immunotherapy for VS in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Se A Lee
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology‐Head and Neck SurgerySoonchunhyang University Bucheon Hospital, Soonchunhyang University College of MedicineBucheonRepublic of Korea
| | - Susie Chin
- Department of PathologySoonchunhyang University Bucheon Hospital, Soonchunhyang University College of MedicineBucheonRepublic of Korea
| | - Shin Jung
- Department of NeurosurgeryChonnam National University Hwasun Hospital, Chonnam National University Medical SchoolHwasunRepublic of Korea
| | - Kyung‐Hwa Lee
- Department of PathologyChonnam National University Hwasun Hospital, Chonnam National University Medical SchoolHwasunRepublic of Korea
| | - Kyung‐Sub Moon
- Department of NeurosurgeryChonnam National University Hwasun Hospital, Chonnam National University Medical SchoolHwasunRepublic of Korea
| | - Jong Dae Lee
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology‐Head and Neck SurgerySoonchunhyang University Bucheon Hospital, Soonchunhyang University College of MedicineBucheonRepublic of Korea
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15
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Hu CB, Huang C, Wang J, Hong Y, Fan DD, Chen Y, Lin AF, Xiang LX, Shao JZ. PD-L1/BTLA Checkpoint Axis Exploited for Bacterial Immune Escape by Restraining CD8+ T Cell-Initiated Adaptive Immunity in Zebrafish. JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY (BALTIMORE, MD. : 1950) 2023; 211:816-835. [PMID: 37486225 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.2300217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 06/29/2023] [Indexed: 07/25/2023]
Abstract
Programmed death-ligand 1/programmed cell death 1 (PD-L1/PD-1) is one of the most important immune checkpoints in humans and other mammalian species. However, the occurrence of the PD-L1/PD-1 checkpoint in evolutionarily ancient vertebrates remains elusive because of the absence of a PD-1 homolog before its appearance in tetrapods. In this article, we identified, to our knowledge, a novel PD-L1/B and T lymphocyte attenuator (BTLA) checkpoint in zebrafish by using an Edwardsiella tarda-induced bacterial infection model. Results showed that zebrafish (Danio rerio) PD-L1 (DrPD-L1) and BTLA (DrBTLA) were differentially upregulated on MHC class II+ macrophages (Mϕs) and CD8+ T cells in response to E. tarda infection. DrPD-L1 has a strong ability to interact with DrBTLA, as shown by the high affinity (KD = 5.68 nM) between DrPD-L1/DrBTLA proteins. Functionally, the breakdown of DrPD-L1/DrBTLA interaction significantly increased the cytotoxicity of CD8+BTLA+ T cells to E. tarda-infected PD-L1+ Mϕ cells and reduced the immune escape of E. tarda from the target Mϕ cells, thereby enhancing the antibacterial immunity of zebrafish against E. tarda infection. Similarly, the engagement of DrPD-L1 by soluble DrBTLA protein diminished the tolerization of CD8+ T cells to E. tarda infection. By contrast, DrBTLA engagement by a soluble DrPD-L1 protein drives aberrant CD8+ T cell responses. These results were finally corroborated in a DrPD-L1-deficient (PD-L1-/-) zebrafish model. This study highlighted a primordial PD-L1/BTLA coinhibitory axis that regulates CD8+ T cell activation in teleost fish and may act as an alternative to the PD-L1/PD-1 axis in mammals. It also revealed a previously unrecognized strategy for E. tarda immune evasion by inducing CD8+ T cell tolerance to target Mϕ cells through eliciting the PD-L1/BTLA checkpoint pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chong-Bin Hu
- College of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory for Cell and Gene Engineering of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Chen Huang
- College of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory for Cell and Gene Engineering of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory for Cell and Gene Engineering of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Yun Hong
- College of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory for Cell and Gene Engineering of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Dong-Dong Fan
- College of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory for Cell and Gene Engineering of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Ye Chen
- College of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory for Cell and Gene Engineering of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
- Division of Medical Genetics and Genomics, The Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ai-Fu Lin
- College of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory for Cell and Gene Engineering of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Li-Xin Xiang
- College of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory for Cell and Gene Engineering of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian-Zhong Shao
- College of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory for Cell and Gene Engineering of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
- Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, People's Republic of China
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16
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Han L, Zhang Y, Li L, Zhang Q, Liu Z, Niu H, Hu J, Ding Z, Shi X, Qian X. Exploring the Expression and Prognosis of Mismatch Repair Proteins and PD-L1 in Colorectal Cancer in a Chinese Cohort. Cancer Manag Res 2023; 15:791-801. [PMID: 37575316 PMCID: PMC10417781 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s417470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2023] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose Exploring the expression and prognosis of mismatch repair proteins and PD-L1 in colorectal cancer. Patients and Methods A total of 272 patients with surgically resected CRC were enrolled in the study from January 2018 to May 2022 at Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital (The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School). Surgically resected samples were collected from patients along with general, clinicopathological, and imaging data for each patient. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) was used to detect expression of MSH2, MSH6, MLH1, and PMS2 proteins in tumor tissue. X-squared (X2) testing was performed to investigate the correlation between expression of MMR proteins and PD-L1 in CRC tumor tissues and clinicopathological characteristics. Correlation analysis was also used to compare the deletion of four MMR proteins in CRC tumor tissues. A survival curve and Log rank test were used to investigate the relationship between the expression of MMR proteins and PD-L1 with regard to CRC patient prognosis and survival. Results MMR protein expression deletion was correlated with tumor location, the degree of tissue differentiation, and TNM stage (P<0.05). PD-L1 expression was correlated with TNM stage (P<0.05). Correlation analysis of deletion of MMR protein isoform expression found that PMS2 deletion was significantly correlated with MLH1 deletion (P<0.05). Similarly, MSH2 deletion was significantly correlated with MSH6 deletion (P<0.05). PMS2 deletion was also found to be correlated with PD-L1 expression (P<0.05). Progression-free survival was found to be significantly longer in mismatch repair-proficient (pMMR) patients compared with mismatch repair-deficient (dMMR) patients. Conclusion Deletion of MMR proteins and expression of PD-L1 are closely related to clinicopathological characteristics and overall prognosis of CRC patients. This suggests the relevance of MMR and PD-L1 as potential biomarkers for treatment of CRC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Han
- Department of Oncology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
- The Comprehensive Cancer Centre of Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yaping Zhang
- The Comprehensive Cancer Centre of Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Oncology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College of Xuzhou Medical University, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Pathology, The First People’s Hospital of Yangzhou, Yangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Li Li
- The Comprehensive Cancer Centre of Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qun Zhang
- The Comprehensive Cancer Centre of Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhihao Liu
- The Comprehensive Cancer Centre of Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Oncology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College of Xuzhou Medical University, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Haiqing Niu
- Department of Oncology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
- The Comprehensive Cancer Centre of Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jing Hu
- The Comprehensive Cancer Centre of Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhou Ding
- The Comprehensive Cancer Centre of Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiao Shi
- The Comprehensive Cancer Centre of Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaoping Qian
- Department of Oncology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
- The Comprehensive Cancer Centre of Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
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Pulanco MC, Madsen AT, Tanwar A, Corrigan DT, Zang X. Recent advancements in the B7/CD28 immune checkpoint families: new biology and clinical therapeutic strategies. Cell Mol Immunol 2023; 20:694-713. [PMID: 37069229 PMCID: PMC10310771 DOI: 10.1038/s41423-023-01019-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Accepted: 03/25/2023] [Indexed: 04/19/2023] Open
Abstract
The B7/CD28 families of immune checkpoints play vital roles in negatively or positively regulating immune cells in homeostasis and various diseases. Recent basic and clinical studies have revealed novel biology of the B7/CD28 families and new therapeutics for cancer therapy. In this review, we discuss the newly discovered KIR3DL3/TMIGD2/HHLA2 pathways, PD-1/PD-L1 and B7-H3 as metabolic regulators, the glycobiology of PD-1/PD-L1, B7x (B7-H4) and B7-H3, and the recently characterized PD-L1/B7-1 cis-interaction. We also cover the tumor-intrinsic and -extrinsic resistance mechanisms to current anti-PD-1/PD-L1 and anti-CTLA-4 immunotherapies in clinical settings. Finally, we review new immunotherapies targeting B7-H3, B7x, PD-1/PD-L1, and CTLA-4 in current clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marc C Pulanco
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, NY, 10461, USA
| | - Anne T Madsen
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, NY, 10461, USA
- Department of Urology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, NY, 10461, USA
| | - Ankit Tanwar
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, NY, 10461, USA
- Department of Oncology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, NY, 10461, USA
| | - Devin T Corrigan
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, NY, 10461, USA
| | - Xingxing Zang
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, NY, 10461, USA.
- Department of Urology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, NY, 10461, USA.
- Department of Oncology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, NY, 10461, USA.
- Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, NY, 10461, USA.
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18
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Dong X, Dai H, Lin Y, Sheng X, Li Y, Wang Y, Zhang X, Jiang S, Yin W, Lu J. TIMELESS upregulates PD-L1 expression and exerts an immunosuppressive role in breast cancer. J Transl Med 2023; 21:400. [PMID: 37340461 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-023-04257-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Accepted: 06/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/22/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Upregulation of the PD-L1 (CD274) immune checkpoint ligand on the tumor surface facilitates tumor immune escape and limits the application of immunotherapy in various cancers, including breast cancer. However, the mechanisms underlying high PD-L1 levels in cancers are still poorly understood. METHODS Bioinformatics analyses and in vivo and in vitro experiments were carried out to assess the association between CD8+ T lymphocytes and TIMELESS (TIM) expression, and to discover the mechanisms of TIM, the transcription factor c-Myc, and PD-L1 in breast cancer cell lines. RESULTS The circadian gene TIM enhanced PD-L1 transcription and facilitated the aggressiveness and progression of breast cancer through the intrinsic and extrinsic roles of PD-L1 overexpression. Bioinformatic analyses of our RNA sequencing data in TIM-knockdown breast cancer cells and public transcriptomic datasets showed that TIM might play an immunosuppressive role in breast cancer. We found that TIM expression was inversely associated with CD8+ T lymphocyte infiltration in human breast cancer samples and subcutaneous tumor tissues. In vivo and in vitro experiments demonstrated that TIM knockdown increased CD8+ T lymphocyte antitumor activity. Furthermore, our results showed that TIM interacts with c-Myc to enhance the transcriptional capability of PD-L1 and facilitates the aggressiveness and progression of breast cancer through the intrinsic and extrinsic roles of PD-L1 overexpression. Moreover, public database analysis suggested that high TIM levels were positively related to PD-L1 inhibitor therapeutic response. CONCLUSIONS Mechanistically, we first found that TIM could upregulate PD-L1 by interacting with c-Myc to enhance the transcriptional capability of c-Myc to PD-L1. Altogether, our findings not only provide a novel therapeutic strategy to treat breast cancer by targeting the oncogenic effect of TIM but also indicate that TIM is a promising biomarker for predicting the benefit of anti-PD-L1 immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinrui Dong
- Department of Breast Surgery, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, No. 1630 Dongfang Road, Shanghai, 200127, China
| | - Huijuan Dai
- Department of Breast Surgery, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, No. 1630 Dongfang Road, Shanghai, 200127, China.
| | - Yanping Lin
- Department of Breast Surgery, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, No. 1630 Dongfang Road, Shanghai, 200127, China
| | - Xiaonan Sheng
- Department of Breast Surgery, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, No. 1630 Dongfang Road, Shanghai, 200127, China
| | - Ye Li
- Department of Breast Surgery, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, No. 1630 Dongfang Road, Shanghai, 200127, China
| | - Yaohui Wang
- Department of Breast Surgery, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, No. 1630 Dongfang Road, Shanghai, 200127, China
| | - Xueli Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Shuheng Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Wenjin Yin
- Department of Breast Surgery, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, No. 1630 Dongfang Road, Shanghai, 200127, China.
| | - Jinsong Lu
- Department of Breast Surgery, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, No. 1630 Dongfang Road, Shanghai, 200127, China.
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19
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Asghar K, Bashir S, Ali Rana I, Abu Bakar M, Farooq A, Hassan M, Asif Z, Afzal M, Masood I, Ishaq M, Tahseen M, Bilal S, Mehmood S, Kanwal N, Ud Din I, Loya A. PD-L1 is Fascinating but IDO Needs Attention in Non-HCV and Non-HBV-Associated Hepatocellular Carcinoma Patients. J Hepatocell Carcinoma 2023; 10:921-934. [PMID: 37350801 PMCID: PMC10284167 DOI: 10.2147/jhc.s409741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 05/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Background/Aim Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common forms of liver cancer that is modulated by the immune system. Programmed cell death ligand-1 (PD-L1) has emerged as a novel therapeutic target in various cancers. Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) is an immunosuppressive enzyme that is associated with poor prognoses in various cancer types. The aim of this study was to investigate the PD-L1 expression, and clinicopathological features of non-HCV and non-HBV-associated HCC patients, including IDO expression. Patients and Methods In this study, immunohistochemical analysis was performed to analyze the expression of PD-L1 and IDO. Formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded HCC tumor tissues (n=50) were obtained from the pathology department, at Shaukat Khanum Memorial Cancer Hospital and Research Centre (SKMCH&RC) in Lahore, Pakistan between 2005 and 2022. All the patients were HBV and HCV negative. Furthermore, it was a rare group of patients with no previous history of any viral hepatitis. In addition, for categorical and continuous variables chi-square or Fisher exact test and Mann-Whitney U-test was performed. Results Of 50 tissue specimens, PD-L1+ was observed in 21 [high: 12 (24%), low: 9 (18%)] and PD-L1- was observed in 29 HCC patients. IDO+ was observed in all 50 specimens [high: 42 (84%), low: 8 (16%)]. Additionally, both PD-L1 and IDO had high expression in 11 (22%) patients. While both PD-L1 and IDO had low expression in 2 (4%) patients. Furthermore, in IDO+/PD-L1- group, 20 (69%) out of 29 patients died while in the IDO+/PD-L1+ group, 9 (43%) out of 21 patients died. Conclusion Evaluation of IDO and PD-L1 expression may add therapeutic advantage in non-HCV and non-HBV-associated HCC patients that overexpress IDO. Further validation in a larger cohort is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kashif Asghar
- Department of Basic Sciences Research, Shaukat Khanum Memorial Cancer Hospital and Research Centre, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Shaarif Bashir
- Department of Pathology, Shaukat Khanum Memorial Cancer Hospital and Research Centre, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Iftikhar Ali Rana
- Department of Pathology, Shaukat Khanum Memorial Cancer Hospital and Research Centre, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Abu Bakar
- Department of Cancer Registry and Clinical Data Management, Shaukat Khanum Memorial Cancer Hospital and Research Centre, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Asim Farooq
- Department of Basic Sciences Research, Shaukat Khanum Memorial Cancer Hospital and Research Centre, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Hassan
- Department of Basic Sciences Research, Shaukat Khanum Memorial Cancer Hospital and Research Centre, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Zukhruf Asif
- Department of Basic Sciences Research, Shaukat Khanum Memorial Cancer Hospital and Research Centre, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Mahnoor Afzal
- Department of Basic Sciences Research, Shaukat Khanum Memorial Cancer Hospital and Research Centre, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Iqra Masood
- Department of Clinical Research, Shaukat Khanum Memorial Cancer Hospital and Research Centre, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Ishaq
- Department of Pathology, Shaukat Khanum Memorial Cancer Hospital and Research Centre, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Tahseen
- Department of Pathology, Shaukat Khanum Memorial Cancer Hospital and Research Centre, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Sundus Bilal
- Department of Internal Medicine (Gastroenterology), Shaukat Khanum Memorial Cancer Hospital and Research Centre, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Shafqat Mehmood
- Department of Internal Medicine (Gastroenterology), Shaukat Khanum Memorial Cancer Hospital and Research Centre, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Nosheen Kanwal
- Department of Radiology, Shaukat Khanum Memorial Cancer Hospital and Research Centre, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Islah Ud Din
- Department of Radiology, Shaukat Khanum Memorial Cancer Hospital and Research Centre, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Asif Loya
- Department of Pathology, Shaukat Khanum Memorial Cancer Hospital and Research Centre, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan
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20
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Sullivan KMC, Vilalta M, Ertl LS, Wang Y, Dunlap C, Ebsworth K, Zhao BN, Li S, Zeng Y, Miao Z, Fan P, Mali V, Lange C, McMurtrie D, Yang J, Lui R, Scamp R, Chhina V, Kumamoto A, Yau S, Dang T, Easterday A, Liu S, Miao S, Charo I, Schall TJ, Zhang P. CCX559 is a potent, orally-administered small molecule PD-L1 inhibitor that induces anti-tumor immunity. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0286724. [PMID: 37285333 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0286724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Accepted: 05/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The interaction of PD-L1 with PD-1 is a major immune checkpoint that limits effector T cell function against cancer cells; monoclonal antibodies that block this pathway have been approved in multiple tumor indications. As a next generation therapy, small molecule inhibitors of PD-L1 have inherent drug properties that may be advantageous for certain patient populations compared to antibody therapies. In this report we present the pharmacology of the orally-available, small molecule PD-L1 inhibitor CCX559 for cancer immunotherapy. CCX559 potently and selectively inhibited PD-L1 binding to PD-1 and CD80 in vitro, and increased activation of primary human T cells in a T cell receptor-dependent fashion. Oral administration of CCX559 demonstrated anti-tumor activity similar to an anti-human PD-L1 antibody in two murine tumor models. Treatment of cells with CCX559 induced PD-L1 dimer formation and internalization, which prevented interaction with PD-1. Cell surface PD-L1 expression recovered in MC38 tumors upon CCX559 clearance post dosing. In a cynomolgus monkey pharmacodynamic study, CCX559 increased plasma levels of soluble PD-L1. These results support the clinical development of CCX559 for solid tumors; CCX559 is currently in a Phase 1, first in patient, multicenter, open-label, dose-escalation study (ACTRN12621001342808).
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Marta Vilalta
- ChemoCentryx, Inc., San Carlos, California, United States of America
| | - Linda S Ertl
- ChemoCentryx, Inc., San Carlos, California, United States of America
| | - Yu Wang
- ChemoCentryx, Inc., San Carlos, California, United States of America
| | - Carolyn Dunlap
- ChemoCentryx, Inc., San Carlos, California, United States of America
| | - Karen Ebsworth
- ChemoCentryx, Inc., San Carlos, California, United States of America
| | - Bin N Zhao
- ChemoCentryx, Inc., San Carlos, California, United States of America
| | - Shijie Li
- ChemoCentryx, Inc., San Carlos, California, United States of America
| | - Yibin Zeng
- ChemoCentryx, Inc., San Carlos, California, United States of America
| | - Zhenhua Miao
- ChemoCentryx, Inc., San Carlos, California, United States of America
| | - Pingchen Fan
- ChemoCentryx, Inc., San Carlos, California, United States of America
| | - Venkat Mali
- ChemoCentryx, Inc., San Carlos, California, United States of America
| | - Christopher Lange
- ChemoCentryx, Inc., San Carlos, California, United States of America
| | - Darren McMurtrie
- ChemoCentryx, Inc., San Carlos, California, United States of America
| | - Ju Yang
- ChemoCentryx, Inc., San Carlos, California, United States of America
| | - Rebecca Lui
- ChemoCentryx, Inc., San Carlos, California, United States of America
| | - Ryan Scamp
- ChemoCentryx, Inc., San Carlos, California, United States of America
| | - Vicky Chhina
- ChemoCentryx, Inc., San Carlos, California, United States of America
| | - Alice Kumamoto
- ChemoCentryx, Inc., San Carlos, California, United States of America
| | - Simon Yau
- ChemoCentryx, Inc., San Carlos, California, United States of America
| | - Ton Dang
- ChemoCentryx, Inc., San Carlos, California, United States of America
| | - Ashton Easterday
- ChemoCentryx, Inc., San Carlos, California, United States of America
| | - Shirley Liu
- ChemoCentryx, Inc., San Carlos, California, United States of America
| | - Shichang Miao
- ChemoCentryx, Inc., San Carlos, California, United States of America
| | - Israel Charo
- ChemoCentryx, Inc., San Carlos, California, United States of America
| | - Thomas J Schall
- ChemoCentryx, Inc., San Carlos, California, United States of America
| | - Penglie Zhang
- ChemoCentryx, Inc., San Carlos, California, United States of America
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21
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Kennedy A, Robinson MA, Hinze C, Waters E, Williams C, Halliday N, Dovedi S, Sansom DM. The CTLA-4 immune checkpoint protein regulates PD-L1:PD-1 interaction via transendocytosis of its ligand CD80. EMBO J 2023; 42:e111556. [PMID: 36727298 PMCID: PMC9975936 DOI: 10.15252/embj.2022111556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Revised: 12/16/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
CTLA-4 and PD-1 are key immune checkpoint receptors that are targeted in the treatment of cancer. A recently identified physical interaction between the respective ligands, CD80 and PD-L1, has been shown to block PD-L1/PD-1 binding and to prevent PD-L1 inhibitory functions. Since CTLA-4 is known to capture and degrade its ligands via transendocytosis, we investigated the interplay between CD80 transendocytosis and CD80/PD-L1 interaction. We find that transendocytosis of CD80 results in a time-dependent recovery of PD-L1 availability that correlates with CD80 removal. Moreover, CD80 transendocytosis is highly specific in that only CD80 is internalised, while its heterodimeric PD-L1 partner remains on the plasma membrane of the antigen-presenting cell (APC). CTLA-4 interactions with CD80 do not appear to be inhibited by PD-L1, but efficient removal of CD80 requires an intact CTLA-4 cytoplasmic domain, distinguishing this process from more general trogocytosis and simple CTLA-4 binding to CD80/PD-L1 complexes. These data are consistent with CTLA-4 acting as modulator of PD-L1:PD-1 interactions via control of CD80.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alan Kennedy
- UCL Institute of Immunity and TransplantationLondonUK
| | | | - Claudia Hinze
- UCL Institute of Immunity and TransplantationLondonUK
| | - Erin Waters
- UCL Institute of Immunity and TransplantationLondonUK
| | | | - Neil Halliday
- UCL Institute of Immunity and TransplantationLondonUK
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22
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Tang G, Liu J, Qi L, Li Y. The evolving role of checkpoint inhibitors in the treatment of urothelial carcinoma. Br J Clin Pharmacol 2023; 89:93-113. [PMID: 35997657 DOI: 10.1111/bcp.15504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Revised: 08/12/2022] [Accepted: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The most prevalent pathological subtype of bladder and upper urinary tract malignancy is urothelial carcinoma (UC). Traditional therapies mainly include surgical resection, chemotherapy and radiotherapy. Checkpoint inhibitors, which are monoclonal antibodies developed to specifically target immune checkpoint molecules, have recently emerged as potential treatment options for UC patients, especially those targeting the programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) and its ligand (PD-L1). However, anti-PD-1/PD-L1 therapy does not work for a considerable number of UC patients. Current antitumour immunotherapy research hotspots include seeking biomarkers that might predict therapeutic effects and exploring novel immune checkpoint molecules crucial for the antitumour immune response. Hence, we will recapitulate the latest preclinical and clinical trials of 5 PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors, 1 cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein 4 inhibitor and combination therapies for UC treatment, including combined immunotherapy and immunotherapy with chemotherapy or radiotherapy. We will also summarize other potential immune checkpoint molecules found in ongoing UC studies. Moreover, we will highlight the role of biomarkers linked with the oncological efficacy of anti-PD-1/PD-L1 immunotherapy and address the mechanisms of immunotherapy drug resistance in UC, with the hope of providing more systematic guidance for its application and development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guyu Tang
- Department of Urology, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Jing Liu
- Department of Oncology, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Lin Qi
- Department of Urology, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yuan Li
- Department of Urology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
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23
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Vicier C, Isambert N, Cropet C, Hamimed M, Osanno L, Legrand F, de La Motte Rouge T, Ciccolini J, Gonçalves A. MOVIE: a phase I, open-label, multicenter study to evaluate the safety and tolerability of metronomic vinorelbine combined with durvalumab plus tremelimumab in patients with advanced solid tumors. ESMO Open 2022; 7:100646. [PMID: 36521418 PMCID: PMC9808477 DOI: 10.1016/j.esmoop.2022.100646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2022] [Revised: 10/09/2022] [Accepted: 10/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Anti-programmed cell death protein 1 (PD1)/programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) agents have only moderate antitumor activity in some advanced solid tumors (AST), including breast cancer (BC), prostate cancer (PC), cervical cancer (CC), and head and neck cancer (HNC). Combining anti-PD-L1 with anti-cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein (CTLA) and chemotherapy may significantly improve efficacy. PATIENTS AND METHODS MOVIE is a multicohort phase I/II study examining the combination of anti-PD-L1 durvalumab (Durv; 1500 mg IV Q4W) plus anti-CTLA tremelimumab (Trem; 75 mg IV Q4W) with metronomic vinorelbine (MVino; 20-40 mg orally daily) in various AST resistant to conventional therapies. The primary objective of the phase I part was to determine the maximum tolerated dose (MTD) and recommended dose for phase II (RP2D). RESULTS Among the 14 patients enrolled during phase I, including 13 women and 1 man, 9 had BC, 1 PC, 2 CC, and 2 miscellaneous cancers with high mutational loads. Median age was 53 years. A total of 12 patients were assessable for the dose-escalation part in which only one dose-limiting toxicity (DLT) was observed [one neutropenia without fever, grade (G) 4]. Two (14.3%), four (28.6%), and four (28.6%) patients had G ≥3 adverse events (AEs) related to MVino, Durv, and Trem, respectively. Treatment-related events included mostly clinical AEs with asthenia (eight G2; three G3), colitis (one G2, one G3), diarrhea (one G3), nausea (two G2), dry skin (two G2), maculopapular rash (one G3), and hyperthyroidism (three G2). No toxic death was reported. Preliminary data showed one patient (CC) who presented a complete response and four patients with stable disease (SD). CONCLUSIONS MTD was not reached and dose level 2 (MVino 40 mg, Durv 1500 mg, Trem 75 mg) was selected as RP2D. The safety profile of the combination was manageable and consistent with previous reports of Trem + Durv or MVino. Phase II is currently ongoing in BC, PC, CC, HNC, and miscellaneous cohorts.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Vicier
- Department of Medical Oncology, Inserm U1068, CNRS UMR7258, Paoli-Calmettes Institute, Aix-Marseille University, Marseille, France
| | - N Isambert
- Service d'Oncologie médicale, CLCC Georges-François Leclerc, Dijon Cedex, France
| | - C Cropet
- Department of Biostatistics, Direction of Research and Innovation, Centre Léon Bérard, Lyon, France
| | - M Hamimed
- SMARTc unit, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille (CRCM) UMR INSERM U1068, Aix-Marseille University (AMU), Marseille, France
| | - L Osanno
- SMARTc unit, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille (CRCM) UMR INSERM U1068, Aix-Marseille University (AMU), Marseille, France
| | - F Legrand
- UNICANCER, Department of Research & Development, Paris, France
| | - T de La Motte Rouge
- Eugène-Marquis Centre, Avenue de la Bataille Flandres-Dunkerque, Rennes Cedex, France
| | - J Ciccolini
- SMARTc unit, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille (CRCM) UMR INSERM U1068, Aix-Marseille University (AMU), Marseille, France
| | - A Gonçalves
- Department of Medical Oncology, Inserm U1068, CNRS UMR7258, Paoli-Calmettes Institute, Aix-Marseille University, Marseille, France.
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24
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Perdigoto AL, Deng S, Du KC, Kuchroo M, Burkhardt DB, Tong A, Israel G, Robert ME, Weisberg SP, Kirkiles-Smith N, Stamatouli AM, Kluger HM, Quandt Z, Young A, Yang ML, Mamula MJ, Pober JS, Anderson MS, Krishnaswamy S, Herold KC. Immune cells and their inflammatory mediators modify β cells and cause checkpoint inhibitor-induced diabetes. JCI Insight 2022; 7:e156330. [PMID: 35925682 PMCID: PMC9536276 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.156330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2021] [Accepted: 07/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Checkpoint inhibitors (CPIs) targeting programmed death 1 (PD-1)/programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) and cytotoxic T lymphocyte antigen 4 (CTLA-4) have revolutionized cancer treatment but can trigger autoimmune complications, including CPI-induced diabetes mellitus (CPI-DM), which occurs preferentially with PD-1 blockade. We found evidence of pancreatic inflammation in patients with CPI-DM with shrinkage of pancreases, increased pancreatic enzymes, and in a case from a patient who died with CPI-DM, peri-islet lymphocytic infiltration. In the NOD mouse model, anti-PD-L1 but not anti-CTLA-4 induced diabetes rapidly. RNA sequencing revealed that cytolytic IFN-γ+CD8+ T cells infiltrated islets with anti-PD-L1. Changes in β cells were predominantly driven by IFN-γ and TNF-α and included induction of a potentially novel β cell population with transcriptional changes suggesting dedifferentiation. IFN-γ increased checkpoint ligand expression and activated apoptosis pathways in human β cells in vitro. Treatment with anti-IFN-γ and anti-TNF-α prevented CPI-DM in anti-PD-L1-treated NOD mice. CPIs targeting the PD-1/PD-L1 pathway resulted in transcriptional changes in β cells and immune infiltrates that may lead to the development of diabetes. Inhibition of inflammatory cytokines can prevent CPI-DM, suggesting a strategy for clinical application to prevent this complication.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Gary Israel
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, and
| | - Marie E. Robert
- Department of Pathology, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Stuart P. Weisberg
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
| | | | - Angeliki M. Stamatouli
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, Virginia, USA
| | | | - Zoe Quandt
- Department of Medicine and
- Diabetes Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Arabella Young
- Diabetes Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
- Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah Health Sciences Center, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
- Department of Pathology, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | | | | | | | - Mark S. Anderson
- Department of Medicine and
- Diabetes Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
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25
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Zanello A, Bortolotti M, Maiello S, Bolognesi A, Polito L. Anti-PD-L1 immunoconjugates for cancer therapy: Are available antibodies good carriers for toxic payload delivering? Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:972046. [PMID: 36052121 PMCID: PMC9424723 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.972046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2022] [Accepted: 07/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Immune checkpoint mechanisms are important molecular cell systems that maintain tolerance toward autoantigens in order to prevent immunity-mediated accidental damage. It is well known that cancer cells may exploit these molecular and cellular mechanisms to escape recognition and elimination by immune cells. Programmed cell death protein-1 (PD-1) and its natural ligand programmed cell death ligand-1 (PD-L1) form the PD-L1/PD-1 axis, a well-known immune checkpoint mechanism, which is considered an interesting target in cancer immunotherapy. In fact, the expression of PD-L1 was found in various solid malignancies and the overactivation of PD-L1/PD-1 axis results in a poor patient survival rate. Breaking PD-L1/PD-1 axis, by blocking either the cancer side or the immune side of the axis, is currently used as anti-cancer strategy to re-establish a tumor-specific immune response. For this purpose, several blocking antibodies are now available. To date, three anti-PD-L1 antibodies have been approved by the FDA, namely atezolizumab, durvalumab and avelumab. The main advantages of anti-PD-L1 antibodies arise from the overexpression of PD-L1 antigen by a high number of tumor cells, also deriving from different tissues; this makes anti-PD-L1 antibodies potential pan-specific anti-cancer molecules. Despite the good results reported in clinical trials with anti-PD-L1 antibodies, there is a significant number of patients that do not respond to the therapy. In fact, it should be considered that, in some neoplastic patients, reduced or absent infiltration of cytotoxic T cells and natural killer cells in the tumor microenvironment or presence of other immunosuppressive molecules make immunotherapy with anti-PD-L1 blocking antibodies less effective. A strategy to improve the efficacy of antibodies is to use them as carriers for toxic payloads (toxins, drugs, enzymes, radionuclides, etc.) to form immunoconjugates. Several immunoconjugates have been already approved by FDA for treatment of malignancies. In this review, we focused on PD-L1 targeting antibodies utilized as carrier to construct immunoconjugates for the potential elimination of neoplastic cells, expressing PD-L1. A complete examination of the literature regarding anti-PD-L1 immunoconjugates is here reported, describing the results obtained in vitro and in vivo. The real potential of anti-PD-L1 antibodies as carriers for toxic payload delivery is considered and extensively discussed.
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26
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Piñeros AR, Kulkarni A, Gao H, Orr KS, Glenn L, Huang F, Liu Y, Gannon M, Syed F, Wu W, Anderson CM, Evans-Molina C, McDuffie M, Nadler JL, Morris MA, Mirmira RG, Tersey SA. Proinflammatory signaling in islet β cells propagates invasion of pathogenic immune cells in autoimmune diabetes. Cell Rep 2022; 39:111011. [PMID: 35767947 PMCID: PMC9297711 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2022.111011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2021] [Revised: 04/10/2022] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Type 1 diabetes is a disorder of immune tolerance that leads to death of insulin-producing islet β cells. We hypothesize that inflammatory signaling within β cells promotes progression of autoimmunity within the islet microenvironment. To test this hypothesis, we deleted the proinflammatory gene encoding 12/15-lipoxygenase (Alox15) in β cells of non-obese diabetic mice at a pre-diabetic time point when islet inflammation is a feature. Deletion of Alox15 leads to preservation of β cell mass, reduces populations of infiltrating T cells, and protects against spontaneous autoimmune diabetes in both sexes. Mice lacking Alox15 in β cells exhibit an increase in a population of β cells expressing the gene encoding the protein programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1), which engages receptors on immune cells to suppress autoimmunity. Delivery of a monoclonal antibody against PD-L1 recovers the diabetes phenotype in knockout animals. Our results support the contention that inflammatory signaling in β cells promotes autoimmunity during type 1 diabetes progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annie R Piñeros
- Department of Pediatrics and the Center for Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Abhishek Kulkarni
- Department of Medicine and the Kovler Diabetes Center, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Hongyu Gao
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Kara S Orr
- Department of Pediatrics and the Center for Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Lindsey Glenn
- Department of Medicine, Eastern Virginia Medical School, Norfolk, VA, USA
| | - Fei Huang
- Department of Medicine and the Kovler Diabetes Center, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Yunlong Liu
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Maureen Gannon
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University and Department of Veterans Affairs, Tennessee Valley Authority, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Farooq Syed
- Department of Pediatrics and the Center for Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Wenting Wu
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Cara M Anderson
- Department of Medicine and the Kovler Diabetes Center, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Carmella Evans-Molina
- Department of Pediatrics and the Center for Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA; Roudebush VA Medical Center, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Marcia McDuffie
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Cancer Biology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Jerry L Nadler
- Departments of Medicine and Pharmacology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY, USA
| | - Margaret A Morris
- Department of Medicine, Eastern Virginia Medical School, Norfolk, VA, USA
| | - Raghavendra G Mirmira
- Department of Medicine and the Kovler Diabetes Center, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA.
| | - Sarah A Tersey
- Department of Medicine and the Kovler Diabetes Center, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA.
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Wang M, Bai Y, Pei J, Li D, Pu X, Zhu W, Xia L, Qi C, Jiang H, Ning Y. β-Glucan Combined With PD-1/PD-L1 Checkpoint Blockade for Immunotherapy in Patients With Advanced Cancer. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:887457. [PMID: 35548349 PMCID: PMC9084312 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.887457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Accepted: 04/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Programmed death-1 (PD-1)/PD-ligand 1 (PD-L1) checkpoint blocking antibodies have been shown to be a powerful immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) therapy for patients with cancer. However, patients quickly develop resistance to immunotherapy. β-glucan, an immune adjuvant, has been found to stimulate innate and adaptive immune responses. In this study, we assessed the use of whole glucan particle (WGP) β-glucan in combination with PD-1/PD-L1–blocking antibodies to slow down the resistance to immunotherapy. Results from a tumor mouse model demonstrated that administration of WGP β-glucan plus PD-1/PD-L1–blocking antibodies led to increased recruitment of immune-associated cells, improved regulation of the balance between T-cell activation and immune tolerance, and delayed tumor progression. This combination therapy was also found to improve progression-free survival in patients with advanced cancer who had previously discontinued anti-PD-1/PD-L1 because of disease progression. These findings suggest that β-glucan could be used as an immune adjuvant to reverse anti-PD-1/PD-L1 resistance by regulating the immune system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengjie Wang
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou No. 2 People’s Hospital, Changzhou, China
| | - Yu Bai
- Medical Research Center, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou No. 2 People’s Hospital, Changzhou, China
| | - Jiaxin Pei
- Department of Oncology, Graduate School of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Dongqing Li
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou No. 2 People’s Hospital, Changzhou, China
| | - Xiaolin Pu
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou No. 2 People’s Hospital, Changzhou, China
| | - Wenyu Zhu
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou No. 2 People’s Hospital, Changzhou, China
| | - Lei Xia
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou No. 2 People’s Hospital, Changzhou, China
| | - Chunjian Qi
- Medical Research Center, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou No. 2 People’s Hospital, Changzhou, China
| | - Hua Jiang
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou No. 2 People’s Hospital, Changzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Hua Jiang, ; Yongling Ning,
| | - Yongling Ning
- Medical Research Center, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou No. 2 People’s Hospital, Changzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Hua Jiang, ; Yongling Ning,
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28
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Piao W, Li L, Saxena V, Iyyathurai J, Lakhan R, Zhang Y, Lape IT, Paluskievicz C, Hippen KL, Lee Y, Silverman E, Shirkey MW, Riella LV, Blazar BR, Bromberg JS. PD-L1 signaling selectively regulates T cell lymphatic transendothelial migration. Nat Commun 2022; 13:2176. [PMID: 35449134 PMCID: PMC9023578 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-29930-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2021] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Programmed death-1 (PD-1) and its ligand PD-L1 are checkpoint molecules which regulate immune responses. Little is known about their functions in T cell migration and there are contradictory data about their roles in regulatory T cell (Treg) function. Here we show activated Tregs and CD4 effector T cells (Teffs) use PD-1/PD-L1 and CD80/PD-L1, respectively, to regulate transendothelial migration across lymphatic endothelial cells (LECs). Antibody blockade of Treg PD-1, Teff CD80 (the alternative ligand for PD-L1), or LEC PD-L1 impairs Treg or Teff migration in vitro and in vivo. PD-1/PD-L1 signals through PI3K/Akt and ERK to regulate zipper junctional VE-cadherin, and through NFκB-p65 to up-regulate VCAM-1 expression on LECs. CD80/PD-L1 signaling up-regulates VCAM-1 through ERK and NFκB-p65. PD-1 and CD80 blockade reduces tumor egress of PD-1high fragile Tregs and Teffs into draining lymph nodes, respectively, and promotes tumor regression. These data provide roles for PD-L1 in cell migration and immune regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenji Piao
- Center for Vascular and Inflammatory Diseases, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA.
- Department of Surgery, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA.
| | - Lushen Li
- Center for Vascular and Inflammatory Diseases, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
- Department of Surgery, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
| | - Vikas Saxena
- Center for Vascular and Inflammatory Diseases, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
- Department of Surgery, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
| | - Jegan Iyyathurai
- Center for Vascular and Inflammatory Diseases, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
| | - Ram Lakhan
- Center for Vascular and Inflammatory Diseases, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
- Department of Surgery, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
| | - Yigang Zhang
- Division of Blood & Marrow Transplant & Cellular Therapy, Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota Cancer Center, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
| | - Isadora Tadeval Lape
- Center for Transplantation Sciences, Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Christina Paluskievicz
- Department of Surgery, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
| | - Keli L Hippen
- Division of Blood & Marrow Transplant & Cellular Therapy, Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota Cancer Center, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
| | - Young Lee
- Department of Surgery, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
| | - Emma Silverman
- Center for Vascular and Inflammatory Diseases, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
| | - Marina W Shirkey
- Center for Vascular and Inflammatory Diseases, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
| | - Leonardo V Riella
- Center for Transplantation Sciences, Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Bruce R Blazar
- Division of Blood & Marrow Transplant & Cellular Therapy, Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota Cancer Center, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
| | - Jonathan S Bromberg
- Center for Vascular and Inflammatory Diseases, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA.
- Department of Surgery, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA.
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA.
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29
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Abstract
Programmed Death-1 (PD-1; CD279) is an inhibitory receptor induced in several activated immune cells and, after engagement with its ligands PD-L1 and PD-L2, serves as a key mediator of peripheral tolerance. However, PD-1 signaling also has detrimental effects on T cell function by posing breaks on antitumor and antiviral immunity. PD-1 blocking immunotherapy either alone or in combination with other therapeutic modalities has shown great promise in cancer treatment. However, it is unclear why only a small fraction of patients responds to this type of therapy. For this reason, efforts to better understand the mechanisms of PD-1 function have recently been intensified, with the goal to reveal new strategies to overcome current limitations. The signaling pathways that are inhibited by PD-1 impact key regulators of metabolism. Here, we provide an overview of the current knowledge about the effects of PD-1 on metabolic reprogramming of immune cells and their consequences on systemic metabolism.
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30
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Abstract
The paradigm of surface-expressed programmed death ligand 1 (PDL1) signalling to immune cell programmed death 1 (PD1) to inhibit antitumour immunity has helped to develop effective and revolutionary immunotherapies using antibodies blocking these cell-extrinsic interactions. The recent discovery of cancer cell-intrinsic PDL1 signals has broadened understanding of pathologic tumour PDL1 signal consequences that now includes control of tumour growth and survival pathways, stemness, immune effects, DNA damage responses and gene expression regulation. Many such effects are PD1-independent. These insights demonstrate that the prevailing cell-extrinsic PDL1 signalling paradigm is useful, but incomplete in important respects. This Perspective discusses historical and recent advances in understanding cancer cell-intrinsic PDL1 signals, mechanisms for signal controls and important immunopathologic consequences including resistance to cytotoxic agents, targeted small molecules and immunotherapies. Cancer cell-intrinsic PDL1 signals present novel drug discovery targets and also have potential as reliable treatment response biomarkers. Cancer cell-intrinsic PD1 signals and cell-intrinsic PDL1 signals in non-cancer cells are discussed briefly, as are PDL1 signals from soluble and vesicle-bound PDL1 and PDL1 isoforms. We conclude with suggestions for addressing the most pressing challenges and opportunities in this rapidly developing field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anand V R Kornepati
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Ratna K Vadlamudi
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
- MD Anderson Cancer Center, University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Tyler J Curiel
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA.
- MD Anderson Cancer Center, University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA.
- Department of Medicine, University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA.
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31
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Garcia MG, Deng Y, Murray C, Reyes RM, Padron A, Bai H, Kancharla A, Gupta H, Shen-Orr S, Curiel TJ. Immune checkpoint expression and relationships to anti-PD-L1 immune checkpoint blockade cancer immunotherapy efficacy in aged versus young mice. AGING AND CANCER 2022; 3:68-83. [PMID: 36876140 PMCID: PMC9980712 DOI: 10.1002/aac2.12045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Introduction Aging is the biggest cancer risk, and immune checkpoint (IC) inhibition (ICI) is a revolutionary cancer immunotherapy approach. Nonetheless, there are limited preclinical/clinical data regarding aging effects on ICI outcomes or age effects on IC expression in different organs or tumors. Methods Flow cytometry assessed IC on immune and non-immune cells in various organs in young and aged BL6 mice. Comparisons: aged versus young naïve WT versus interferon-γ KO mice and WT challenged with B16F10 melanoma and treated with αPD-1 or αPD-L1 ICI. We co-cultured young and aged T cells and myeloid cells in vitro and used OMIQ analyses to test cell-cell interactions. Results αPD-1 ICI treated melanoma in young and aged hosts, whereas αPD-L1 ICI was only effective in young. We found considerable, previously undescribed age effects on expression of various IC molecules participating in the ICI treatment, including PD-1, PD-L1, PD-L2, and CD80, in distinct organs and in the tumor. These data help explain differential ICI efficacy in young and aged hosts. Host interferon-γ influenced age effects on IC expression in both directions depending on specific IC molecule and tissue. IC expression was further affected by tumor challenge on immune, non-immune, and tumor cells in tumor and other organs. In in vitro co-culture, αPD-1 versus αPD-L1 distinctly influenced polyclonal T cells in young versus aged, suggesting mechanisms for distinct age-related ICI outcomes. Conclusion Age affects IC expression on specific immune cells in an organ- and tissue-specific manner. ICs were generally higher on aged immune cells. High immune-cell PD-1 could help explain αPD-1 efficacy in aged. High co-expression of CD80 with PD-L1 on dendritic cells could help explain lack of αPD-L1 efficacy in aged hosts. Factors other than myeloid cells and interferon-γ also affect age-related IC expression and T cell function, meriting additional studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Myrna G Garcia
- South Texas Medical Scientist Training Program, University of Texas Health, San Antonio, Texas, USA.,Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Texas Health, San Antonio, Texas, USA
| | - Yilun Deng
- Department of Medicine, University of Texas Health, San Antonio, Texas, USA
| | - Clare Murray
- South Texas Medical Scientist Training Program, University of Texas Health, San Antonio, Texas, USA.,Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Texas Health, San Antonio, Texas, USA
| | - Ryan M Reyes
- South Texas Medical Scientist Training Program, University of Texas Health, San Antonio, Texas, USA
| | - Alvaro Padron
- Department of Medicine, University of Texas Health, San Antonio, Texas, USA
| | - Haiyan Bai
- Department of Medicine, University of Texas Health, San Antonio, Texas, USA
| | - Aravind Kancharla
- Department of Medicine, University of Texas Health, San Antonio, Texas, USA.,Senda Biosciences, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Harshita Gupta
- Department of Medicine, University of Texas Health, San Antonio, Texas, USA
| | - Shai Shen-Orr
- Technion, Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
| | - Tyler J Curiel
- South Texas Medical Scientist Training Program, University of Texas Health, San Antonio, Texas, USA.,Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Texas Health, San Antonio, Texas, USA.,Department of Medicine, University of Texas Health, San Antonio, Texas, USA.,Clayton Foundation for Research, Houston, Texas, USA.,Mays Cancer Center, University of Texas Health, San Antonio, Texas, USA
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32
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West HJ, McCleland M, Cappuzzo F, Reck M, Mok TS, Jotte RM, Nishio M, Kim E, Morris S, Zou W, Shames D, Das Thakur M, Shankar G, Socinski MA. Clinical efficacy of atezolizumab plus bevacizumab and chemotherapy in KRAS-mutated non-small cell lung cancer with STK11, KEAP1, or TP53 comutations: subgroup results from the phase III IMpower150 trial. J Immunother Cancer 2022; 10:jitc-2021-003027. [PMID: 35190375 PMCID: PMC8862451 DOI: 10.1136/jitc-2021-003027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The efficacy of atezolizumab (A) and/or bevacizumab (B) with carboplatin/paclitaxel (CP) chemotherapy was explored in the phase III, randomized IMpower150 study in patients with non-squamous non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) according to KRAS mutations (mKRAS) and co-occurring STK11, KEAP1, or TP53 mutations. Methods Mutation status was determined by circulating tumor DNA next-generation sequencing. Overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) were analyzed in a mutation-evaluable intention-to-treat population (MEP; n=920) and SP263 (programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1)) biomarker-evaluable population (n=774). Results Within the mKRAS population (24.5% of MEP), ABCP showed numerical improvements vs BCP in median OS (19.8 vs 9.9 months; HR 0.50; 95% CI 0.34 to 0.72) and PFS (8.1 vs 5.8 months; HR 0.42; 95% CI 0.29 to 0.61)—greater than with ACP (OS: 11.7 vs 9.9 months; HR 0.63; 95% CI 0.43 to 0.91; PFS: 4.8 vs 5.8 months; HR 0.80; 95% CI 0.56 to 1.13) vs BCP. Across PD-L1 subgroups in mKRAS patients, OS and PFS were longer with ABCP vs BCP, but OS with ACP was similar to BCP in PD-L1-low and PD-L1-negative subgroups. Conversely, in KRAS-WT patients, OS was longer with ACP than with ABCP or BCP across PD-L1 subgroups. KRAS was frequently comutated with STK11, KEAP1, and TP53; these subgroups conferred different prognostic outcomes. Within the mKRAS population, STK11 and/or KEAP1 mutations were associated with inferior OS and PFS across treatments compared with STK11-WT and/or KEAP1-WT. In mKRAS patients with co-occurring mSTK11 and/or mKEAP1 (44.9%) or mTP53 (49.3%), survival was longer with ABCP than with ACP or BCP. Conclusions These analyses support previous findings of mutation of STK11 and/or KEAP1 as poor prognostic indicators. While clinical efficacy favored ABCP and ACP vs BCP in these mutational subgroups, survival benefits were greater in the mKRAS and KEAP1-WT and STK11-WT population vs mKRAS and mKEAP1 and mSTK11 population, suggesting both prognostic and predictive effects. Overall, these results suggest that atezolizumab combined with bevacizumab and chemotherapy is an efficacious first-line treatment in metastatic NSCLC subgroups with mKRAS and co-occurring STK11 and/or KEAP1 or TP53 mutations and/or high PD-L1 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Howard Jack West
- Department of Medical Oncology & Therapeutics Research, City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center, Duarte, California, USA
| | | | - Federico Cappuzzo
- Oncology Department, Istituto Nazionale Tumori "Regina Elena", Rome, Italy
| | - Martin Reck
- Department of Thoracic Oncology, LungenClinic Airway Research Center North, German Center for Lung Research, Grosshansdorf, Germany
| | - Tony Sk Mok
- State Key Laboratory of Translational Oncology, Department of Clinical Oncology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Robert M Jotte
- Department of Medical Oncology, Rocky Mountain Cancer Centers, Denver, Colorado, USA.,US Oncology, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Makoto Nishio
- Thoracic Medical Oncology Department, The Cancer Institute Hospital, Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Eugene Kim
- Genentech Inc, South San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Stefanie Morris
- Product Development Medical Affairs, F Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Wei Zou
- Genentech Inc, South San Francisco, California, USA
| | - David Shames
- Genentech Inc, South San Francisco, California, USA
| | | | | | - Mark A Socinski
- Thoracic Oncology, AdventHealth Cancer Institute, Orlando, Florida, USA
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33
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Assi HH, Wong C, Tipton KA, Mei L, Wong K, Razo J, Chan C, Howng B, Sagert J, Krimm M, Diep L, Jang A, Nguyen MT, Lapuyade N, Singson V, Villanueva R, Paidhungat M, Liu S, Rangan V, Vasiljeva O, West JW, Richardson JH, Irving B, Daniel D, Belvin M, Kavanaugh WM. Conditional PD-1/PD-L1 Probody Therapeutics Induce Comparable Antitumor Immunity but Reduced Systemic Toxicity Compared with Traditional Anti-PD-1/PD-L1 Agents. Cancer Immunol Res 2021; 9:1451-1464. [PMID: 34635485 PMCID: PMC9414278 DOI: 10.1158/2326-6066.cir-21-0031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2021] [Revised: 05/28/2021] [Accepted: 10/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Immune-checkpoint blockade has revolutionized cancer treatment. However, most patients do not respond to single-agent therapy. Combining checkpoint inhibitors with other immune-stimulating agents increases both efficacy and toxicity due to systemic T-cell activation. Protease-activatable antibody prodrugs, known as Probody therapeutics (Pb-Tx), localize antibody activity by attenuating capacity to bind antigen until protease activation in the tumor microenvironment. Herein, we show that systemic administration of anti-programmed cell death ligand 1 (anti-PD-L1) and anti-programmed cell death protein 1 (anti-PD-1) Pb-Tx to tumor-bearing mice elicited antitumor activity similar to that of traditional PD-1/PD-L1-targeted antibodies. Pb-Tx exhibited reduced systemic activity and an improved nonclinical safety profile, with markedly reduced target occupancy on peripheral T cells and reduced incidence of early-onset autoimmune diabetes in nonobese diabetic mice. Our results confirm that localized PD-1/PD-L1 inhibition by Pb-Tx can elicit robust antitumor immunity and minimize systemic immune-mediated toxicity. These data provide further preclinical rationale to support the ongoing development of the anti-PD-L1 Pb-Tx CX-072, which is currently in clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - W. Michael Kavanaugh
- Corresponding Author: W. Michael Kavanaugh, CytomX Therapeutics, Inc., 151 Oyster Point Boulevard, Suite 400, South San Francisco, CA 94080. Phone: 650-763-9949; E-mail:
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34
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Nogami N, Barlesi F, Socinski MA, Reck M, Thomas CA, Cappuzzo F, Mok TSK, Finley G, Aerts JG, Orlandi F, Moro-Sibilot D, Jotte RM, Stroyakovskiy D, Villaruz LC, Rodríguez-Abreu D, Lim DWT, Merritt D, Coleman S, Lee A, Shankar G, Yu W, Bara I, Nishio M. IMpower150 Final Exploratory Analyses for Atezolizumab Plus Bevacizumab and Chemotherapy in Key NSCLC Patient Subgroups With EGFR Mutations or Metastases in the Liver or Brain. J Thorac Oncol 2021; 17:309-323. [PMID: 34626838 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2021.09.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 114] [Impact Index Per Article: 38.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2021] [Revised: 09/22/2021] [Accepted: 09/30/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Final overall survival (OS) analyses are presented for EGFR mutations and liver or brain metastases subgroups in the phase III IMpower150 study (NCT02366143) evaluating atezolizumab+bevacizumab+carboplatin/paclitaxel (ABCP) or atezolizumab+carboplatin/paclitaxel (ACP) vs bevacizumab+carboplatin/paclitaxel (BCP). METHODS Overall, 1202 patients (intention-to-treat [ITT] population) with chemotherapy-naive, metastatic, nonsquamous non-small cell lung cancer were randomized to ABCP, ACP or BCP. Patients with treated, stable brain metastases were permitted. OS was assessed in EGFR mutations and baseline liver metastases subgroups; rate and time to development (TTD) of new brain metastases was assessed in ITT patients. RESULTS At data cutoff (September 13, 2019; median follow-up, 39.3 months), OS improvements were sustained with ABCP versus BCP in sensitizing EGFR mutations (all: hazard ratio [HR] 0.60; 95% CI: 0.31-1.14; prior tyrosine kinase inhibitor [TKI]: HR 0.74; 95% CI: 0.38-1.46) and baseline liver metastases (HR 0.68; 95% CI: 0.45-1.02) subgroups. ACP did not show survival benefit versus BCP in sensitizing EGFR mutations (all: HR 1.0; 95% CI: 0.57-1.74; prior TKI: HR 1.22; 95% CI: 0.68-2.22) or liver metastases (HR 1.01; 95% CI: 0.68-1.51) subgroups. Overall, 100 patients (8.3%) developed new brain metastases. While not formally evaluated, an improvement toward delayed TTD was seen with ABCP vs BCP (HR, 0.68; 95% CI: 0.39-1.19). CONCLUSIONS This final exploratory analysis showed OS benefits for ABCP versus BCP in patients with sensitizing EGFR mutations, including those with prior TKI failures, and with liver metastases, although these results should be interpreted with caution. The impact of ABCP on delaying the development of new brain lesions requires further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naoyuki Nogami
- National Hospital Organization Shikoku Cancer Center, Matsuyama, Japan.
| | - Fabrice Barlesi
- Aix-Marseille Université, CNRS, INSERM, CRCM, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Marseille, Marseille, France and Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Villejuif, France
| | | | - Martin Reck
- LungenClinic Grosshansdorf, Airway Research Center North, German Center for Lung Research, Grosshansdorf, Germany
| | | | | | - Tony S K Mok
- Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Gene Finley
- Allegheny Health Network Cancer Institute, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | | | | | | | - Robert M Jotte
- Rocky Mountain Cancer Centers, Denver, Colorado; US Oncology, Houston, Texas
| | | | | | - Delvys Rodríguez-Abreu
- Complejo Hospitalario Universitario Insular-Materno Infantil de Gran Canaria, Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
| | | | | | | | - Anthony Lee
- Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, California
| | | | - Wei Yu
- Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, California
| | - Ilze Bara
- Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, California
| | - Makoto Nishio
- The Cancer Institute Hospital, Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research, Tokyo, Japan
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35
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Shenoy AT, Lyon De Ana C, Arafa EI, Salwig I, Barker KA, Korkmaz FT, Ramanujan A, Etesami NS, Soucy AM, Martin IMC, Tilton BR, Hinds A, Goltry WN, Kathuria H, Braun T, Jones MR, Quinton LJ, Belkina AC, Mizgerd JP. Antigen presentation by lung epithelial cells directs CD4 + T RM cell function and regulates barrier immunity. Nat Commun 2021; 12:5834. [PMID: 34611166 PMCID: PMC8492657 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-26045-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2020] [Accepted: 08/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Barrier tissues are populated by functionally plastic CD4+ resident memory T (TRM) cells. Whether the barrier epithelium regulates CD4+ TRM cell locations, plasticity and activities remains unclear. Here we report that lung epithelial cells, including distinct surfactant protein C (SPC)lowMHChigh epithelial cells, function as anatomically-segregated and temporally-dynamic antigen presenting cells. In vivo ablation of lung epithelial MHC-II results in altered localization of CD4+ TRM cells. Recurrent encounters with cognate antigen in the absence of epithelial MHC-II leads CD4+ TRM cells to co-express several classically antagonistic lineage-defining transcription factors, changes their cytokine profiles, and results in dysregulated barrier immunity. In addition, lung epithelial MHC-II is needed for surface expression of PD-L1, which engages its ligand PD-1 to constrain lung CD4+ TRM cell phenotypes. Thus, we establish epithelial antigen presentation as a critical regulator of CD4+ TRM cell function and identify epithelial-CD4+ TRM cell immune interactions as core elements of barrier immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anukul T Shenoy
- Pulmonary Center, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, 02118, USA
| | - Carolina Lyon De Ana
- Pulmonary Center, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, 02118, USA
- Department of Microbiology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, 02118, USA
| | - Emad I Arafa
- Pulmonary Center, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, 02118, USA
- Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, 02118, USA
| | - Isabelle Salwig
- Department of Cardiac Development and Remodeling, Max-Planck-Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Bad Nauheim, Germany
| | - Kimberly A Barker
- Pulmonary Center, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, 02118, USA
- Department of Microbiology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, 02118, USA
| | - Filiz T Korkmaz
- Pulmonary Center, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, 02118, USA
| | - Aditya Ramanujan
- Pulmonary Center, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, 02118, USA
| | - Neelou S Etesami
- Pulmonary Center, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, 02118, USA
- Department of Microbiology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, 02118, USA
| | - Alicia M Soucy
- Pulmonary Center, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, 02118, USA
| | - Ian M C Martin
- Pulmonary Center, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, 02118, USA
| | - Brian R Tilton
- Flow Cytometry Core Facility, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, 02118, USA
| | - Anne Hinds
- Pulmonary Center, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, 02118, USA
- Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, 02118, USA
| | - Wesley N Goltry
- Pulmonary Center, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, 02118, USA
| | - Hasmeena Kathuria
- Pulmonary Center, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, 02118, USA
- Department of Microbiology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, 02118, USA
| | - Thomas Braun
- Department of Cardiac Development and Remodeling, Max-Planck-Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Bad Nauheim, Germany
| | - Matthew R Jones
- Pulmonary Center, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, 02118, USA
- Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, 02118, USA
| | - Lee J Quinton
- Pulmonary Center, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, 02118, USA
- Department of Microbiology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, 02118, USA
- Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, 02118, USA
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, 02118, USA
| | - Anna C Belkina
- Pulmonary Center, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, 02118, USA
- Flow Cytometry Core Facility, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, 02118, USA
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, 02118, USA
| | - Joseph P Mizgerd
- Pulmonary Center, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, 02118, USA.
- Department of Microbiology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, 02118, USA.
- Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, 02118, USA.
- Department of Biochemistry, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, 02118, USA.
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36
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Jing L, Lin J, Yang Y, Tao L, Li Y, Liu Z, Zhao Q, Diao A. Quercetin inhibiting the PD-1/PD-L1 interaction for immune-enhancing cancer chemopreventive agent. Phytother Res 2021; 35:6441-6451. [PMID: 34560814 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.7297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2021] [Revised: 08/26/2021] [Accepted: 09/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Targeting the PD-1/PD-L1 immune checkpoints has achieved significant positive results in the treatment of multiple cancers. Quercetin is one of the most abundant dietary flavonoids found in various vegetables and fruits, and has a wide range of biological activities including immunomodulation. Here we report that quercetin dihydrate was screened and shown to inhibit the PD-1/PD-L1 interaction. Treatment with quercetin dihydrate promoted the killing activity of T cells on MDA-MB-231 and NCI-H460 cancer cells. Experiments using the xenograft mouse model showed that the growth rate of tumor volumes and masses in the quercetin dihydrate-treated mice were decreased. Immunohistochemistry of the tumors showed that CD8, GZMB, and IFN-γ were increased in the quercetin dihydrate-treated mice. These results suggest that quercetin dihydrate attenuates the inhibitory effect of PD-L1 on T cells by inhibiting the PD-1/PD-L1 interaction, which has an exciting potential to be used as a cancer chemopreventive agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Jing
- Key Lab of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology of the Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, China.,School of Life Sciences and Engineering, Henan University of Urban Construction, Pingdingshan, China
| | - Jieru Lin
- Key Lab of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology of the Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, China
| | - Yang Yang
- Key Lab of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology of the Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, China
| | - Li Tao
- Key Lab of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology of the Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, China
| | - Yuyin Li
- Key Lab of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology of the Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, China
| | - Zhenxing Liu
- Key Lab of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology of the Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, China
| | - Qing Zhao
- Key Lab of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology of the Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, China
| | - Aipo Diao
- Key Lab of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology of the Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, China
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37
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Tan CL, Kuchroo JR, Sage PT, Liang D, Francisco LM, Buck J, Thaker YR, Zhang Q, McArdel SL, Juneja VR, Lee SJ, Lovitch SB, Lian C, Murphy GF, Blazar BR, Vignali DAA, Freeman GJ, Sharpe AH. PD-1 restraint of regulatory T cell suppressive activity is critical for immune tolerance. J Exp Med 2021; 218:191205. [PMID: 33045061 PMCID: PMC7543091 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20182232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 145] [Impact Index Per Article: 48.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2018] [Revised: 06/30/2020] [Accepted: 08/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Inhibitory signals through the PD-1 pathway regulate T cell activation, T cell tolerance, and T cell exhaustion. Studies of PD-1 function have focused primarily on effector T cells. Far less is known about PD-1 function in regulatory T (T reg) cells. To study the role of PD-1 in T reg cells, we generated mice that selectively lack PD-1 in T reg cells. PD-1–deficient T reg cells exhibit an activated phenotype and enhanced immunosuppressive function. The in vivo significance of the potent suppressive capacity of PD-1–deficient T reg cells is illustrated by ameliorated experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) and protection from diabetes in nonobese diabetic (NOD) mice lacking PD-1 selectively in T reg cells. We identified reduced signaling through the PI3K–AKT pathway as a mechanism underlying the enhanced suppressive capacity of PD-1–deficient T reg cells. Our findings demonstrate that cell-intrinsic PD-1 restraint of T reg cells is a significant mechanism by which PD-1 inhibitory signals regulate T cell tolerance and autoimmunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catherine L Tan
- Department of Immunology, Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA.,Evergrande Center for Immunological Diseases, Harvard Medical School and Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA
| | - Juhi R Kuchroo
- Department of Immunology, Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA.,Evergrande Center for Immunological Diseases, Harvard Medical School and Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA
| | - Peter T Sage
- Department of Immunology, Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA.,Evergrande Center for Immunological Diseases, Harvard Medical School and Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA
| | - Dan Liang
- Department of Immunology, Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA.,Evergrande Center for Immunological Diseases, Harvard Medical School and Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA
| | - Loise M Francisco
- Department of Immunology, Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA.,Evergrande Center for Immunological Diseases, Harvard Medical School and Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA
| | - Jessica Buck
- Department of Immunology, Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA.,Evergrande Center for Immunological Diseases, Harvard Medical School and Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA
| | - Youg Raj Thaker
- Department of Immunology, Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA.,Evergrande Center for Immunological Diseases, Harvard Medical School and Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA.,School of Life Sciences, University of Essex, Wivenhoe Park, Colchester, UK
| | - Qianxia Zhang
- Department of Immunology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA.,Tumor Microenvironment Center, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - Shannon L McArdel
- Department of Immunology, Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA.,Evergrande Center for Immunological Diseases, Harvard Medical School and Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA
| | - Vikram R Juneja
- Department of Immunology, Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA.,Evergrande Center for Immunological Diseases, Harvard Medical School and Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA
| | - Sun Jung Lee
- Department of Immunology, Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA.,Evergrande Center for Immunological Diseases, Harvard Medical School and Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA
| | - Scott B Lovitch
- Department of Immunology, Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA.,Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Christine Lian
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - George F Murphy
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Bruce R Blazar
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota Medical School, Twin Cities, MN
| | - Dario A A Vignali
- Department of Immunology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA.,Tumor Microenvironment Center, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, PA.,Cancer Immunology and Immunotherapy Program, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh PA
| | - Gordon J Freeman
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA.,Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Arlene H Sharpe
- Department of Immunology, Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA.,Evergrande Center for Immunological Diseases, Harvard Medical School and Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA.,Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
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38
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Švajger U, Tešić N, Rožman P. Programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) plays a vital part in DC tolerogenicity induced by IFN-γ. Int Immunopharmacol 2021; 99:107978. [PMID: 34298399 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2021.107978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2021] [Revised: 07/07/2021] [Accepted: 07/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Interferon-γ (IFN-γ) is the sole representative of type II IFNs, with well recognized role in numerous inflammatory processes. Lately, its significant pleiotropic nature has been recognized in many scenarios, where IFN-γ contributes to maintenance or induction of tolerogenic responses in context of various immune cell types. In this manuscript we demonstrate, that IFN-γ-mediated induction of programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) on human monocyte-derived dendritic cells (DCs) represents an important tolerogenic aspect in immunological network of type II IFNs. When fully differentiated, immature DCs were treated with increasing concentrations of IFN-γ there was no sign of maturation, as revealed by CD80, CD83 and CD86 expression. In terms of co-stimulatory receptor response, we did observe a dose-dependent increase in CD40 expression. Phenotypic analysis of inhibitory molecules revealed that PD-L1 expression is particularly sensitive to IFN-γ, as its expression can be induced almost 10-fold in comparison to non-treated DCs. Functional analysis of such PD-L1high DCs revealed significant immunosuppressive properties in a mixed lymphocyte reaction with whole or memory CD4+ T cells. When IFN-γ treated DCs were co-cultured with naive CD4+CD45RA+ T cells, they induced an increased percentage of CD4+CD25+CD127-FoxP3+ Tregs. Inhibition of PD-1/PD-L1 axis using neutralizing anti-PD-L1 mAbs, reversed the immunosuppressive effect of IFN-γ-treated DCs to suppress CD4+ T cell proliferation and to induce Tregs. In summary, our findings demonstrate the importance of IFN-γ-mediated tolerogenic effects, exerted on DCs by inducing increased expression of PD-L1, which enhances their regulatory function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Urban Švajger
- Blood Transfusion Center of Slovenia, Šlajmerjeva 6, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Pharmacy, Aškerčeva 7, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia.
| | - Nataša Tešić
- Blood Transfusion Center of Slovenia, Šlajmerjeva 6, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Primož Rožman
- Blood Transfusion Center of Slovenia, Šlajmerjeva 6, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
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Cao W, Ma X, Fischer JV, Sun C, Kong B, Zhang Q. Immunotherapy in endometrial cancer: rationale, practice and perspectives. Biomark Res 2021; 9:49. [PMID: 34134781 PMCID: PMC8207707 DOI: 10.1186/s40364-021-00301-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2021] [Accepted: 05/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumor immunotherapy has attracted more and more attention nowadays, and multiple clinical trials have confirmed its effect in a variety of solid tumors. Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), cancer vaccines, adoptive cell transfer (ACT), and lymphocyte-promoting cytokines are the main immunotherapy methods. Endometrial cancer (EC) is one of the most frequent tumors in women and the prognosis of recurrent or metastatic EC is poor. Since molecular classification has been applied to EC, immunotherapy for different EC subtypes (especially POLE and MSI-H) has gradually attracted attention. In this review, we focus on the expression and molecular basis of the main biomarkers in the immunotherapy of EC firstly, as well as their clinical application significance and limitations. Blocking tumor immune checkpoints is one of the most effective strategies for cancer treatment in recent years, and has now become the focus in the field of tumor research and treatment. We summarized clinical date of planned and ongoing clinical trials and introduced other common immunotherapy methods in EC, such as cancer vaccine and ACT. Hormone aberrations, metabolic syndrome (MetS) and p53 mutant and that affect the immunotherapy of endometrial cancer will also be discussed in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenyu Cao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, 107 West Wenhua Road, Ji'nan, Shandong, 250012, P.R. China.,Gynecology Oncology Key Laboratory, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Ji'nan, Shandong, 250012, P.R. China
| | - Xinyue Ma
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, 107 West Wenhua Road, Ji'nan, Shandong, 250012, P.R. China.,Gynecology Oncology Key Laboratory, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Ji'nan, Shandong, 250012, P.R. China
| | - Jean Victoria Fischer
- Department of Pathology, Northwestern Medicine, Gynecologic Pathology Fellow, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Chenggong Sun
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, 107 West Wenhua Road, Ji'nan, Shandong, 250012, P.R. China.,Gynecology Oncology Key Laboratory, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Ji'nan, Shandong, 250012, P.R. China
| | - Beihua Kong
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, 107 West Wenhua Road, Ji'nan, Shandong, 250012, P.R. China.,Gynecology Oncology Key Laboratory, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Ji'nan, Shandong, 250012, P.R. China
| | - Qing Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, 107 West Wenhua Road, Ji'nan, Shandong, 250012, P.R. China. .,Gynecology Oncology Key Laboratory, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Ji'nan, Shandong, 250012, P.R. China.
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40
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Yang A, Li MY, Zhang ZH, Wang JY, Xing Y, Ri M, Jin CH, Xu GH, Piao LX, Jin HL, Zuo HX, Ma J, Jin X. Erianin regulates programmed cell death ligand 1 expression and enhances cytotoxic T lymphocyte activity. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2021; 273:113598. [PMID: 33220359 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2020.113598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2020] [Revised: 10/24/2020] [Accepted: 11/14/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Dendrobium chrysotoxum Lindl is a cultivation of Dendrobium which belongs to the family of Orchidaceae. D. chrysotoxum Lindl is a traditional Chinese medicine with a wide range of clinical applications including tonic, astringent, analgesic and anti-inflammatory properties as early as the 28th century B.C. Erianin is a representative index component for the quality control of the D. chrysotoxum Lindl, which is included in the Pharmacopoeia of the People's Republic of China (2020 version). AIM OF THE STUDY To clarify the anti-tumour mechanisms of erianin in vitro and in vivo. MATERIALS AND METHODS We detected the anti-tumour activity of erianin using in vitro HeLa cell models and in vivo cervical cancer xenograft models. We performed MTT, western blot, RT-PCR, homology modeling, flow cytometry, and immunoprecipitation assays to study the proteins, genes, and pathways related to erianin's anti-tumour activity. LysoTracker Red staining was performed to detect lysosome function. Transwell, wound healing, tube formation, colony formation and EdU labelling assays were performed to determine cell proliferation, migration and invasion abilities, respectively. Cytotoxic T lymphocytes ability was confirmed using HeLa/T-cell co-culture model. RESULTS Experimental data demonstrated that erianin inhibited PD-L1 expression and induced the lysosomal degradation of PD-L1. Erianin suppressed HIF-1α synthesis through mTOR/p70S6K/4EBP1 pathway, and inhibited RAS/Raf/MEK/MAPK-ERK pathway. Immunoprecipitation experiments demonstrated that erianin reduced the interaction between RAS and HIF-1α. Experiments using a co-cultivation system of T cells and HeLa cells confirmed that erianin restored cytotoxic T lymphocytes ability to kill tumour cells. Erianin inhibited PD-L1-mediated angiogenesis, proliferation, invasion and migration. The anti-proliferative effects of erianin were supported using in vivo xenotransplantation experiments. CONCLUSIONS Collectively, these results revealed previously unknown properties of erianin and provided a new basis for improving the efficacy of immunotherapy against cervical cancer and other malignant tumours through PD-L1.
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MESH Headings
- Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing/metabolism
- Animals
- B7-H1 Antigen/genetics
- B7-H1 Antigen/metabolism
- Bibenzyls/pharmacology
- Bibenzyls/therapeutic use
- Cell Cycle Proteins/metabolism
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Cell Movement/drug effects
- Cell Proliferation/drug effects
- Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition/drug effects
- Gene Expression Regulation/drug effects
- Humans
- Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1, alpha Subunit/genetics
- Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1, alpha Subunit/metabolism
- Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors/pharmacology
- Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors/therapeutic use
- Lysosomes/metabolism
- MAP Kinase Signaling System/drug effects
- Mice, Inbred BALB C
- Mice, Nude
- Molecular Docking Simulation
- Neovascularization, Pathologic/metabolism
- Phenol/pharmacology
- Phenol/therapeutic use
- Ribosomal Protein S6 Kinases, 70-kDa/metabolism
- T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic/drug effects
- T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic/immunology
- TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases/metabolism
- Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A/metabolism
- Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays
- raf Kinases/metabolism
- ras Proteins/metabolism
- Mice
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Affiliation(s)
- Ao Yang
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, College of Pharmacy, Yanbian University, Yanji, 133002, Jilin Province, China.
| | - Ming Yue Li
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, College of Pharmacy, Yanbian University, Yanji, 133002, Jilin Province, China.
| | - Zhi Hong Zhang
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, College of Pharmacy, Yanbian University, Yanji, 133002, Jilin Province, China.
| | - Jing Ying Wang
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, College of Pharmacy, Yanbian University, Yanji, 133002, Jilin Province, China.
| | - Yue Xing
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, College of Pharmacy, Yanbian University, Yanji, 133002, Jilin Province, China.
| | - MyongHak Ri
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, College of Pharmacy, Yanbian University, Yanji, 133002, Jilin Province, China.
| | - Cheng Hua Jin
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, College of Pharmacy, Yanbian University, Yanji, 133002, Jilin Province, China.
| | - Guang Hua Xu
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, College of Pharmacy, Yanbian University, Yanji, 133002, Jilin Province, China.
| | - Lian Xun Piao
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, College of Pharmacy, Yanbian University, Yanji, 133002, Jilin Province, China.
| | - Hong Lan Jin
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, College of Pharmacy, Yanbian University, Yanji, 133002, Jilin Province, China.
| | - Hong Xiang Zuo
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, College of Pharmacy, Yanbian University, Yanji, 133002, Jilin Province, China.
| | - Juan Ma
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, College of Pharmacy, Yanbian University, Yanji, 133002, Jilin Province, China.
| | - Xuejun Jin
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, College of Pharmacy, Yanbian University, Yanji, 133002, Jilin Province, China.
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41
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Programmed death-1 (PD-1) is an inhibitory receptor that controls T and B cell proliferation and function through interacting with its ligand PD-L1 or PD-L2. PD-1/PD-L1 blockade reboots anti-tumor immunity and is currently used to treat > 15 different types of cancer. However, the response rate is not at 100% and some patients relapse. Importantly, up to 37% of patients treated with PD-1/PD-L1 blocking antibodies develop immune-related adverse events, including overt autoimmunity, such as type 1 diabetes (T1D). Herein, we discuss the role of PD-1, PD-L1, and PD-L2 signaling in pre-clinical models of T1D, including recent work from our laboratory. RECENT FINDINGS We highlight ongoing efforts to harness PD-1/PD-L1 signaling and treat autoimmunity. We also evaluate studies aimed at defining biomarkers that could reliably predict the development of immune-related adverse events after clinical PD-1/PD-L1 blockade. With increasing use of PD-1 blockade in the clinic, onset of autoimmunity is a growing health concern. In this review, we discuss what is known about the role of PD-1 pathway signaling in T1D and comment on ongoing efforts to identify patients at risk of T1D development after PD-1 pathway blockade.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher G Tucker
- Department of Medicine, Center for Immunology, University of Minnesota Medical School, 2101 6th St SE, Wallin Medical Biosciences Building, 3-146, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
| | - Alexander J Dwyer
- Department of Medicine, Center for Immunology, University of Minnesota Medical School, 2101 6th St SE, Wallin Medical Biosciences Building, 3-146, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
| | - Brian T Fife
- Department of Medicine, Center for Immunology, University of Minnesota Medical School, 2101 6th St SE, Wallin Medical Biosciences Building, 3-146, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA.
| | - Tijana Martinov
- Department of Medicine, Center for Immunology, University of Minnesota Medical School, 2101 6th St SE, Wallin Medical Biosciences Building, 3-146, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA.
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, 1100 Fairview Avenue North, Thomas Building, D3-100, Seattle, WA, 98109, USA.
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42
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Zhu G, Jiang Y, Wang H, Shao S. The relationship between the expression of soluble programmed cell death-1 and cancer pain: A protocol for systematic review and meta analysis. Medicine (Baltimore) 2021; 100:e25555. [PMID: 33907102 PMCID: PMC8084006 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000025555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2021] [Accepted: 03/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The immune checkpoint programmed cell death-1 (PD-1) plays a critical role in immune regulation. Recent studies have demonstrated functional PD-1 expression in peripheral sensory neurons, which contributes to neuronal excitability, pain, and opioid analgesia. However, the relationship between the expression of soluble programmed cell death-1(sPD-1) and cancer pain is controversial. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the relationship between sPD-1 expression level and cancer pain through meta-analysis. METHODS Studies were selected from Pubmed, Web of science, Embase, Google Scholar, and Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure, and the Chinese Biomedical Literature Database based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. The standard mean difference (SMD) and 95% confidence interval (CI) were calculated using the random-effect model or fixed-effect model to assess the association between sPD-1 expression level and cancer pain. All analyses were performed with the Stata 14 software. RESULTS This review will be disseminated in print by peer-review. CONCLUSION The results of this study will help us to determine whether the expression level of sPD-1 is related to cancer pain. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION The private information from individuals will not be published. This systematic review also should not endanger participant rights. Ethical approval is not available. The results may be published in a peer-reviewed journal or disseminated in relevant conferences. OSF REGISTRATION NUMBER DOI 10.17605/OSF.IO/WDPUY.
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43
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Immunity reloaded: Deconstruction of the PD-1 axis in B cell lymphomas. Blood Rev 2021; 50:100832. [PMID: 33896649 DOI: 10.1016/j.blre.2021.100832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2021] [Revised: 04/11/2021] [Accepted: 04/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Over the past decade therapies targeting the PD-1 axis with monoclonal antibodies to reinstate host immune function have revolutionized the clinical management of some cancers but have had minimal impact on others. This dichotomy is exemplified by B cell lymphomas. Whilst striking results are observed in classical Hodgkin Lymphoma (cHL) and Primary Mediastinal B Cell Lymphoma (PMBL), responses in other B cell lymphomas are infrequent. Even with cHL and PMBL, responses are not always durable and adverse effects can result in treatment discontinuation. A more nuanced approach to manipulate the PD-1 axis is required before the full benefits of PD-1 axis blockade can be realised. In this review, we provide an outline of PD-1 axis biology, including the range of cellular expression, the molecular mechanisms underlying regulation and the impacts of downstream signalling. These may permit the development of alternate strategies to PD-1 axis blockade to enhance the therapeutic efficacy in B cell lymphomas.
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44
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Liang Y, Li L, Chen Y, Xiao J, Wei D. PD-1/PD-L1 immune checkpoints: Tumor vs atherosclerotic progression. Clin Chim Acta 2021; 519:70-75. [PMID: 33872608 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2021.04.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2021] [Revised: 04/09/2021] [Accepted: 04/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Immunotherapy has become one of the most attraction cancer therapy strategies. The PD-1/PD-L1 pathway plays key roles in immune responses and autoimmunity by regulating T cell activity. Overactivation of this pathway dampens T cell and immune function, which allows tumor cells immune escape. Antibody or inhibitors of PD-1/PD-L1 immune targets have been implicated in clinic anti-cancer therapy and gain great clinic outcoming for their high efficiency. However, recent studies showed that the PD-1/PD-L1 immunotherapy in some tumor patients was found to accelerate T cell-driven inflammatory and the progression of atherosclerotic lesions. This article reviews the research progression of PD-1/PD-L1 in tumors and atherosclerosis, and the possible mechanisms of anti-PD-1/PD-L1 immunotherapy increasing the risk of atherosclerotic lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yamin Liang
- Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Key Laboratory for Arteriosclerology of Hunan Province, Hunan International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Arteriosclerotic Disease, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, China
| | - Lu Li
- Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Key Laboratory for Arteriosclerology of Hunan Province, Hunan International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Arteriosclerotic Disease, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, China
| | - Yanmei Chen
- Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Key Laboratory for Arteriosclerology of Hunan Province, Hunan International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Arteriosclerotic Disease, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, China
| | - Jinyan Xiao
- YueYang Maternal-Child Medicine Health Hospital Hunan Province Innovative Training Base for Medical Postgraduates, University of China South China and Yueyang Women & Children's Medical Center, Yueyang, Hunan 414000, China.
| | - Dangheng Wei
- Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Key Laboratory for Arteriosclerology of Hunan Province, Hunan International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Arteriosclerotic Disease, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, China.
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45
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Nishimura CD, Pulanco MC, Cui W, Lu L, Zang X. PD-L1 and B7-1 Cis-Interaction: New Mechanisms in Immune Checkpoints and Immunotherapies. Trends Mol Med 2021; 27:207-219. [PMID: 33199209 PMCID: PMC7914151 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmed.2020.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2020] [Revised: 10/12/2020] [Accepted: 10/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Immune checkpoints negatively regulate immune cell responses. Programmed cell death protein 1:programmed death ligand 1 (PD-1:PD-L1) and cytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated protein 4 (CTLA-4):B7-1 are among the most important immune checkpoint pathways, and are key targets for immunotherapies that seek to modulate the balance between stimulatory and inhibitory signals to lead to favorable therapeutic outcomes. The current dogma of these two immune checkpoint pathways has regarded them as independent with no interactions. However, the newly characterized PD-L1:B7-1 ligand-ligand cis-interaction and its ability to bind CTLA-4 and CD28, but not PD-1, suggests that these pathways have significant crosstalk. Here, we propose that the PD-L1:B7-1 cis-interaction brings novel mechanistic understanding of these pathways, new insights into mechanisms of current immunotherapies, and fresh ideas to develop better treatments in a variety of therapeutic settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher D Nishimura
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, NY 10461, USA
| | - Marc C Pulanco
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, NY 10461, USA
| | - Wei Cui
- Department of Pharmacology, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Liming Lu
- Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Xingxing Zang
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, NY 10461, USA; Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, NY 10461, USA; Department of Urology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, NY 10461, USA.
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46
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Zhang D, Reyes RM, Osta E, Kari S, Gupta HB, Padron AS, Kornepati AVR, Kancharla A, Sun X, Deng Y, Wu B, Vadlamudi R, Li R, Svatek RS, Curiel TJ. Bladder cancer cell-intrinsic PD-L1 signals promote mTOR and autophagy activation that can be inhibited to improve cytotoxic chemotherapy. Cancer Med 2021; 10:2137-2152. [PMID: 33626233 PMCID: PMC7957205 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.3739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2020] [Revised: 11/16/2020] [Accepted: 12/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumor cell-intrinsic programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) signals mediate immunopathologic effects in breast, colon, and ovarian cancers and in melanomas, but bladder cancer (BC) effects are unreported. We show here that BC cell-intrinsic PD-L1 signals in mouse MB49 and human RT4, UM-UC3, and UM-UC-14 BC cells regulate important pathologic pathways and processes, including effects not reported in other cancers. α-PD-L1 antibodies reduced BC cell proliferation in vitro, demonstrating direct signaling effects. BC cell-intrinsic PD-L1 promoted mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) signals in vitro and augmented in vivo immune-independent cell growth and metastatic cancer spread, similar to effects we reported in melanoma and ovarian cancer. BC cell-intrinsic PD-L1 signals also promoted basal and stress-induced autophagy, whereas these signals inhibited autophagy in melanoma and ovarian cancer cells. BC cell-intrinsic PD-L1 also mediated chemotherapy resistance to the commonly used BC chemotherapy agents cis-platinum and gemcitabine and to the mTORC1 inhibitor, rapamycin. Thus, BC cell-intrinsic PD-L1 signals regulate important virulence and treatment resistance pathways that suggest novel, actionable treatment targets meriting additional studies. As a proof-of-concept, we showed that the autophagy inhibitor chloroquine improved cis-platinum treatment efficacy in vivo, with greater efficacy in PD-L1 null versus PD-L1-replete BC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deyi Zhang
- Department of MedicineUniversity of Texas HealthSan AntonioTXUSA
- Present address:
National Institutes of HealthBethesdaMDUSA
| | - Ryan M. Reyes
- Graduate School of Biomedical SciencesUniversity of Texas HealthSan AntonioTXUSA
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Molecular GeneticsUniversity Texas HealthSan AntonioTXUSA
- Mays Cancer Center, University of Texas HealthSan AntonioTXUSA
| | - Erica Osta
- Graduate School of Biomedical SciencesUniversity of Texas HealthSan AntonioTXUSA
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Molecular GeneticsUniversity Texas HealthSan AntonioTXUSA
| | - Suresh Kari
- Department of MedicineUniversity of Texas HealthSan AntonioTXUSA
| | | | - Alvaro S. Padron
- Department of MedicineUniversity of Texas HealthSan AntonioTXUSA
| | - Anand V. R. Kornepati
- Graduate School of Biomedical SciencesUniversity of Texas HealthSan AntonioTXUSA
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Molecular GeneticsUniversity Texas HealthSan AntonioTXUSA
| | | | - Xiujie Sun
- Department of MedicineUniversity of Texas HealthSan AntonioTXUSA
- Present address:
Department of Biochemistry & Molecular MedicineSchool of Medicine & Health SciencesThe George Washington UniversityWashingtonDCUSA
| | - Yilun Deng
- Department of MedicineUniversity of Texas HealthSan AntonioTXUSA
| | - Bogang Wu
- Department of Molecular MedicineUniversity of Texas HealthSan AntonioTXUSA
- Present address:
Department of Biochemistry & Molecular MedicineSchool of Medicine & Health SciencesThe George Washington UniversityWashingtonDCUSA
| | - Ratna Vadlamudi
- Mays Cancer Center, University of Texas HealthSan AntonioTXUSA
- Department of Obstetrics and GynecologyUniversity of Texas Health Science CenterSan AntonioTXUSA
| | - Rong Li
- Mays Cancer Center, University of Texas HealthSan AntonioTXUSA
- Department of Molecular MedicineUniversity of Texas HealthSan AntonioTXUSA
- Present address:
Department of Biochemistry & Molecular MedicineSchool of Medicine & Health SciencesThe George Washington UniversityWashingtonDCUSA
| | - Robert S. Svatek
- Mays Cancer Center, University of Texas HealthSan AntonioTXUSA
- Department of UrologyUniversity of Texas Health Science CenterSan AntonioTXUSA
| | - Tyler J. Curiel
- Department of MedicineUniversity of Texas HealthSan AntonioTXUSA
- Graduate School of Biomedical SciencesUniversity of Texas HealthSan AntonioTXUSA
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Molecular GeneticsUniversity Texas HealthSan AntonioTXUSA
- Mays Cancer Center, University of Texas HealthSan AntonioTXUSA
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Pauken KE, Torchia JA, Chaudhri A, Sharpe AH, Freeman GJ. Emerging concepts in PD-1 checkpoint biology. Semin Immunol 2021; 52:101480. [PMID: 34006473 PMCID: PMC8545711 DOI: 10.1016/j.smim.2021.101480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Accepted: 05/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The PD-1 pathway is a cornerstone in immune regulation. While the PD-1 pathway has received considerable attention for its role in contributing to the maintenance of T cell exhaustion in chronic infection and cancer, the PD-1 pathway plays diverse roles in regulating host immunity beyond T cell exhaustion. Here, we discuss emerging concepts in the PD-1 pathway, including (1) the impact of PD-1 inhibitors on diverse T cell differentiation states including effector and memory T cell development during acute infection, as well as T cell exhaustion during chronic infection and cancer, (2) the role of PD-1 in regulating Treg cells, NK cells, and ILCs, and (3) the functions of PD-L1/B7-1 and PD-L2/RGMb/neogenin interactions. We then discuss the emerging use of neoadjuvant PD-1 blockade in the treatment of early-stage cancers and how the timing of PD-1 blockade may improve clinical outcomes. The diverse binding partners of PD-1 and its associated ligands, broad expression patterns of the receptors and ligands, differential impact of PD-1 modulation on cells depending on location and state of differentiation, and timing of PD-1 blockade add additional layers of complexity to the PD-1 pathway, and are important considerations for improving the efficacy and safety of PD-1 pathway therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristen E Pauken
- Department of Immunology, Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA; Evergrande Center for Immunologic Diseases, Harvard Medical School and Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - James A Torchia
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - Apoorvi Chaudhri
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02215, USA; Department of Melanoma Medical Oncology, Division of Cancer Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA; The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center UTHealth Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Arlene H Sharpe
- Department of Immunology, Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA; Evergrande Center for Immunologic Diseases, Harvard Medical School and Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, 02115, USA; Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, 02142, USA; Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Gordon J Freeman
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02215, USA.
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Verhoeff K, Henschke SJ, Marfil-Garza BA, Dadheech N, Shapiro AMJ. Inducible Pluripotent Stem Cells as a Potential Cure for Diabetes. Cells 2021; 10:cells10020278. [PMID: 33573247 PMCID: PMC7911560 DOI: 10.3390/cells10020278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2021] [Revised: 01/22/2021] [Accepted: 01/24/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Over the last century, diabetes has been treated with subcutaneous insulin, a discovery that enabled patients to forego death from hyperglycemia. Despite novel insulin formulations, patients with diabetes continue to suffer morbidity and mortality with unsustainable costs to the health care system. Continuous glucose monitoring, wearable insulin pumps, and closed-loop artificial pancreas systems represent an advance, but still fail to recreate physiologic euglycemia and are not universally available. Islet cell transplantation has evolved into a successful modality for treating a subset of patients with ‘brittle’ diabetes but is limited by organ donor supply and immunosuppression requirements. A novel approach involves generating autologous or immune-protected islet cells for transplant from inducible pluripotent stem cells to eliminate detrimental immune responses and organ supply limitations. In this review, we briefly discuss novel mechanisms for subcutaneous insulin delivery and define their shortfalls. We describe embryological development and physiology of islets to better understand their role in glycemic control and, finally, discuss cell-based therapies for diabetes and barriers to widespread use. In response to these barriers, we present the promise of stem cell therapy, and review the current gaps requiring solutions to enable widespread use of stem cells as a potential cure for diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin Verhoeff
- Department of Surgery, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2B7, Canada;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-780-984-1836
| | - Sarah J. Henschke
- Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 0W8, Canada;
| | | | - Nidheesh Dadheech
- Alberta Diabetes Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2B7, Canada;
| | - Andrew Mark James Shapiro
- FRCS (Eng) FRCSC MSM FCAHS, Clinical Islet Transplant Program, Alberta Diabetes Institute, Department of Surgery, Canadian National Transplant Research Program, Edmonton, AB T6G 2B7, Canada;
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49
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Brawerman G, Thompson PJ. Beta Cell Therapies for Preventing Type 1 Diabetes: From Bench to Bedside. Biomolecules 2020; 10:E1681. [PMID: 33339173 PMCID: PMC7765619 DOI: 10.3390/biom10121681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2020] [Revised: 12/09/2020] [Accepted: 12/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is a chronic metabolic disease characterized by insulin deficiency, generally resulting from progressive autoimmune-mediated destruction of pancreatic beta cells. While the phenomenon of beta cell autoimmunity continues to be an active area of investigation, recent evidence suggests that beta cell stress responses are also important contributors to disease onset. Here we review the pathways driving different kinds of beta cell dysfunction and their respective therapeutic targets in the prevention of T1D. We discuss opportunities and important open questions around the effectiveness of beta cell therapies and challenges for clinical utility. We further evaluate ways in which beta cell drug therapy could be combined with immunotherapy for preventing T1D in light of our growing appreciation of disease heterogeneity and patient endotypes. Ultimately, the emergence of pharmacologic beta cell therapies for T1D have armed us with new tools and closing the knowledge gaps in T1D etiology will be essential for maximizing the potential of these approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel Brawerman
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 3P4, Canada;
- Children’s Hospital Research Institute of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 3P4, Canada
| | - Peter J. Thompson
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 3P4, Canada;
- Children’s Hospital Research Institute of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 3P4, Canada
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50
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Aslam N, Abusharieh E, Abuarqoub D, Ali D, Al-Hattab D, Wehaibi S, Al-Kurdi B, Jamali F, Alshaer W, Jafar H, Awidi AS. Anti-oncogenic activities exhibited by paracrine factors of MSCs can be mediated by modulation of KITLG and DKK1 genes in glioma SCs in vitro. MOLECULAR THERAPY-ONCOLYTICS 2020; 20:147-165. [PMID: 33575478 PMCID: PMC7851499 DOI: 10.1016/j.omto.2020.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2020] [Accepted: 11/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Cancer stem cells (CSCs) use their stemness properties to perpetuate their lineage and survive chemotherapy. Currently cell-based and cell-free therapies are under investigation to develop novel anti-cancer treatment modalities. We designed this study to investigate how cell extracts of mesenchymal stem cells affect the growth of glioma stem cells in vitro. Gliospheres were generated from the U87MG cell line and treated with conditioned media of Wharton’s jelly and bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells. The effects were investigated at the functional and molecular levels. Our results showed that conditioned media from both types of mesenchymal stem cells changed the morphology of spheres and inhibited the proliferation, invasion, and self-renewal ability of glioma stem cells. At the molecular level, metabolism interruption at oxidative phosphorylation, cell cycle arrest, cell differentiation, and upregulation of the immune response were observed. Furthermore, this effect was mediated by the upregulation of the DKK1 gene inhibiting the Wnt pathway mediated by growth factor activity and downregulation of the KITLG gene activated by growth factor and cytokine activity, inhibiting multiple pathways. We conclude that different types of mesenchymal stem cells possess antitumor properties and their paracrine factors, in combination with anti-immune modalities, can provide practical therapeutic targets for glioblastoma treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nazneen Aslam
- Cell Therapy Center, The University of Jordan, Amman 11942, Jordan
| | - Elham Abusharieh
- Cell Therapy Center, The University of Jordan, Amman 11942, Jordan.,Faculty of Pharmacy, The University of Jordan, Amman 11942, Jordan
| | - Duaa Abuarqoub
- Cell Therapy Center, The University of Jordan, Amman 11942, Jordan.,Department of Pharmacology and Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, University of Petra, Amman 11196, Jordan
| | - Dema Ali
- Cell Therapy Center, The University of Jordan, Amman 11942, Jordan
| | - Dana Al-Hattab
- Cell Therapy Center, The University of Jordan, Amman 11942, Jordan.,Laboratory for Nanomedicine, Division of Biological & Environmental Science & Engineering (BESE), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Suha Wehaibi
- Cell Therapy Center, The University of Jordan, Amman 11942, Jordan
| | - Ban Al-Kurdi
- Cell Therapy Center, The University of Jordan, Amman 11942, Jordan
| | - Fatima Jamali
- Cell Therapy Center, The University of Jordan, Amman 11942, Jordan
| | - Walhan Alshaer
- Cell Therapy Center, The University of Jordan, Amman 11942, Jordan
| | - Hanan Jafar
- Cell Therapy Center, The University of Jordan, Amman 11942, Jordan.,Department of Anatomy and Histology, School of Medicine, The University of Jordan, Amman 11942, Jordan
| | - Abdalla S Awidi
- Cell Therapy Center, The University of Jordan, Amman 11942, Jordan.,Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, The University of Jordan, Amman 11942, Jordan.,Department of Hematology and Oncology, Jordan University Hospital, The University of Jordan, Amman 11942, Jordan
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