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Chu Y, He Y, Zhai W, Huang Y, Tao C, Pang Z, Wang Z, Zhang D, Li H, Jia H. CpG adjuvant enhances humoral and cellular immunity against OVA in different degrees in BALB/c, C57BL/6J, and C57BL/6N mice. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 138:112593. [PMID: 38972210 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2024.112593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2024] [Revised: 06/27/2024] [Accepted: 06/27/2024] [Indexed: 07/09/2024]
Abstract
In lab settings, inbred mouse strains like BALB/c, C57BL/6J, and C57BL/6N are commonly used. Research in immunology and infectious diseases indicates that their Th1 and Th2 immune responses differ. However, the specific differences in the immune response to the vaccination still require investigation. In this study, ovalbumin (OVA) was used as an antigen and CpG-enriched recombinant plasmid (pUC18-CpG) as an adjuvant for immunisation. The level of serum-specific antibody IgG was detected by indirect ELISA. At 35dpi, serum cytokine levels were measured using MILLIPLEX®. T lymphocyte clusters from mouse spleen were examined using flow cytometry to investigate the immunological effects of the CPG-OVA vaccine on three different types of mice. The results showed that pUC18-CpG as an adjuvant could successfully enhance the immune response. BALB/c had the highest level of IgG antibody. In the OVA-only group, the CD4+/CD8+ ratio of the three types of mice was generally increased, and the BALB/c group had the highest ratio. After inoculation with CpG-OVA, the CD4+/CD8+ ratio of the three types of mice was lower than that of the OVA-only group, and C57BL/6J was the lowest. Compared with the CpG-OVA group of the three kinds of mice, the levels of Th2 cytokines IL-6 and IL-10 in BALB/c were increased compared with C57BL/6J and C57BL/6N. After OVA, the six cytokines secreted in C57BL/6J were higher than those in the C57BL/6N OVA group. Therefore, C57 is a better model for examining the function of the vaccine in cellular immunity, whereas BALB/c mice are more prone to humoral immunity. In addition to highlighting the CpG plasmid's ability to successfully activate the immune response of Th1 and Th2, as well as the expression of IgG in vivo and promote T cell immune typing, this study provides valuable insights into immunology and the selection of mouse models for infectious diseases, providing a valuable resource for designing more effective vaccines in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyuan Chu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing 100096, China; Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Yuheng He
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing 100096, China
| | - Wenzhu Zhai
- Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Ying Huang
- Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Chunhao Tao
- Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Zhongbao Pang
- Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Zhen Wang
- Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Dekun Zhang
- Taihe Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Nanjing 210031, China
| | - Huanrong Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing 100096, China.
| | - Hong Jia
- Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China.
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Xu S, Zhang Y, Zheng Z, Sun J, Wei Y, Ding G. Mesenchymal stem cells and their extracellular vesicles in bone and joint diseases: targeting the NLRP3 inflammasome. Hum Cell 2024; 37:1276-1289. [PMID: 38985391 DOI: 10.1007/s13577-024-01101-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2024] [Accepted: 07/04/2024] [Indexed: 07/11/2024]
Abstract
The nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-like-receptor family pyrin domain-containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome is a cytosolic multi-subunit protein complex, and recent studies have demonstrated the vital role of the NLRP3 inflammasome in the pathological and physiological conditions, which cleaves gasdermin D to induce inflammatory cell death called pyroptosis and mediates the release of interleukin-1 beta and interleukin-18 in response to microbial infection or cellular injury. Over-activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome is associated with the pathogenesis of many disorders affecting bone and joints, including gouty arthritis, osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, osteoporosis, and periodontitis. Moreover, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been discovered to facilitate the inhibition of NLRP3 and maybe ideal for treating bone and joint diseases. In this review, we implicate the structure and activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome along with the detail on the involvement of NLRP3 inflammasome in bone and joint diseases pathology. In addition, we focused on MSCs and MSC-extracellular vesicles targeting NLRP3 inflammasomes in bone and joint diseases. Finally, the existing problems and future direction are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuangshuang Xu
- School of Stomatology, Shandong Second Medical University, Baotong West Street No. 7166, Weifang, Shandong Province, China
| | - Ying Zhang
- School of Stomatology, Shandong Second Medical University, Baotong West Street No. 7166, Weifang, Shandong Province, China
| | - Zejun Zheng
- School of Stomatology, Shandong Second Medical University, Baotong West Street No. 7166, Weifang, Shandong Province, China
| | - Jinmeng Sun
- School of Stomatology, Shandong Second Medical University, Baotong West Street No. 7166, Weifang, Shandong Province, China
| | - Yanan Wei
- School of Stomatology, Shandong Second Medical University, Baotong West Street No. 7166, Weifang, Shandong Province, China
| | - Gang Ding
- School of Stomatology, Shandong Second Medical University, Baotong West Street No. 7166, Weifang, Shandong Province, China.
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Zhang X, Xiao Y, Tao Z, Zhang Y, Cheng X, Liu X, Li Y, Yin W, Tian J, Wang S, Zhang T, Yang X, Liu S. Myeloid Cells and Sensory Nerves Mediate Peritendinous Adhesion Formation via Prostaglandin E2. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024:e2405367. [PMID: 39207041 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202405367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2024] [Revised: 07/06/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
Peritendinous adhesion that forms after tendon injury substantially limits daily life. The pathology of adhesion involves inflammation and the associated proliferation. However, the current studies on this condition are lacking, previous studies reveal that cyclooxygenase-2 (COX2) gene inhibitors have anti-adhesion effects through reducing prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) and the proliferation of fibroblasts, are contrary to the failure in anti-adhesion through deletion of EP4 (prostaglandin E receptor 4) gene in fibroblasts in mice of another study. In this study, single-cell RNA sequencing analysis of human and mouse specimens are combined with eight types of conditional knockout mice and further reveal that deletion of COX2 in myeloid cells and deletion of EP4 gene in sensory nerves decrease adhesion and impair the biomechanical properties of repaired tendons. Furthermore, the COX2 inhibitor parecoxib reduces PGE2 but impairs the biomechanical properties of repaired tendons. Interestingly, PGE2 local treatment improves the biomechanical properties of the repaired tendons. These findings clarify the complex role of PGE2 in peritendinous adhesion formation (PAF) and tendon repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinshu Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200233, P. R. China
| | - Yao Xiao
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200233, P. R. China
| | - Zaijin Tao
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200233, P. R. China
| | - Yizhe Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Beijing Proteome Research Center, National Center for Protein Sciences (Beijing), Beijing Institute of Lifeomics, Beijing, 102206, P. R. China
| | - Xuan Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Beijing Proteome Research Center, National Center for Protein Sciences (Beijing), Beijing Institute of Lifeomics, Beijing, 102206, P. R. China
| | - Xuanzhe Liu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200233, P. R. China
| | - Yanhao Li
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200233, P. R. China
| | - Weiguang Yin
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200233, P. R. China
| | - Jian Tian
- Department of Orthopaedics, Wuxi Ninth People's Hospital Affiliated to Soochow University, Wuxi, 214062, P. R. China
| | - Shuo Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200233, P. R. China
| | - Tianyi Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200233, P. R. China
| | - Xiao Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Beijing Proteome Research Center, National Center for Protein Sciences (Beijing), Beijing Institute of Lifeomics, Beijing, 102206, P. R. China
| | - Shen Liu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200233, P. R. China
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Leal PDC, de Albuquerque MAC, Diego LADS, Tardelli MÂ. Anesthesia and cancer. REVISTA DA ASSOCIACAO MEDICA BRASILEIRA (1992) 2024; 70:e2024S102. [PMID: 38865522 PMCID: PMC11164268 DOI: 10.1590/1806-9282.2024s102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 06/14/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Plínio da Cunha Leal
- Universidade Federal do Maranhão, Santo Domingo Hospital, Teaching and Training Center, Scientific Department of the Brazilian Society of Anesthesiology – São Luís (MA), Brazil
| | - Marcos Antônio Costa de Albuquerque
- Scientific Department of the Brazilian Society of Anesthesiology, Scientific Department of the Latin American Confederation of Anesthesiology – Aracaju (SE), Brazil
| | | | - Maria Ângela Tardelli
- Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Brazilian Society of Anesthesiology – São Paulo (SP), Brazil
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Kurz M, Ulrich M, Bittner A, Scharf MM, Shao J, Wallenstein I, Lemoine H, Wettschureck N, Kolb P, Bünemann M. EP4 Receptor Conformation Sensor Suited for Ligand Screening and Imaging of Extracellular Prostaglandins. Mol Pharmacol 2023; 104:80-91. [PMID: 37442628 DOI: 10.1124/molpharm.122.000648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2022] [Revised: 05/11/2023] [Accepted: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Prostaglandins are important lipid mediators with a wide range of functions in the human body. They act mainly via plasma membrane localized prostaglandin receptors, which belong to the G-protein coupled receptor class. Due to their localized formation and short lifetime, it is important to be able to measure the distribution and abundance of prostaglandins in time and/or space. In this study, we present a Foerster resonance energy transfer (FRET)-based conformation sensor of the human prostaglandin E receptor subtype 4 (EP4 receptor), which was capable of detecting prostaglandin E2 (PGE2)-induced receptor activation in the low nanomolar range with a good signal-to-noise ratio. The sensor retained the typical selectivity for PGE2 among arachidonic acid products. Human embryonic kidney cells stably expressing the sensor did not produce detectable amounts of prostaglandins making them suitable for a coculture approach allowing us, over time, to detect prostaglandin formation in Madin-Darby canine kidney cells and primary mouse macrophages. Furthermore, the EP4 receptor sensor proved to be suited to detect experimentally generated PGE2 gradients by means of FRET-microscopy, indicating the potential to measure gradients of PGE2 within tissues. In addition to FRET-based imaging of prostanoid release, the sensor allowed not only for determination of PGE2 concentrations, but also proved to be capable of measuring ligand binding kinetics. The good signal-to-noise ratio at a commercial plate reader and the ability to directly determine ligand efficacy shows the obvious potential of this sensor interest for screening and characterization of novel ligands of the pharmacologically important human EP4 receptor. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: The authors present a biosensor based on the prostaglandin E receptor subtype 4, which is well suited to measure extracellular prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) concentration with high temporal and spatial resolution. It can be used for the imaging of PGE2 levels and gradients by means of Foerster resonance energy transfer microscopy, and for determining PGE2 release of primary cells as well as for screening purposes in a plate reader setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Kurz
- Institutes for Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy (M.K., M.U., A.B., I.W., M.B.) and Pharmaceutical Chemistry (M.M.S., P.K.), Faculty of Pharmacy, Philipps-University Marburg, Marburg, Germany; Department of Pharmacology (J.S., N.W.), Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Bad Nauheim, Germany; Department of Laser Medicine, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany (H.L.); and LWL-Laboratory (H.L.), Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Michaela Ulrich
- Institutes for Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy (M.K., M.U., A.B., I.W., M.B.) and Pharmaceutical Chemistry (M.M.S., P.K.), Faculty of Pharmacy, Philipps-University Marburg, Marburg, Germany; Department of Pharmacology (J.S., N.W.), Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Bad Nauheim, Germany; Department of Laser Medicine, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany (H.L.); and LWL-Laboratory (H.L.), Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Alwina Bittner
- Institutes for Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy (M.K., M.U., A.B., I.W., M.B.) and Pharmaceutical Chemistry (M.M.S., P.K.), Faculty of Pharmacy, Philipps-University Marburg, Marburg, Germany; Department of Pharmacology (J.S., N.W.), Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Bad Nauheim, Germany; Department of Laser Medicine, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany (H.L.); and LWL-Laboratory (H.L.), Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Magdalena Martina Scharf
- Institutes for Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy (M.K., M.U., A.B., I.W., M.B.) and Pharmaceutical Chemistry (M.M.S., P.K.), Faculty of Pharmacy, Philipps-University Marburg, Marburg, Germany; Department of Pharmacology (J.S., N.W.), Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Bad Nauheim, Germany; Department of Laser Medicine, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany (H.L.); and LWL-Laboratory (H.L.), Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Jingchen Shao
- Institutes for Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy (M.K., M.U., A.B., I.W., M.B.) and Pharmaceutical Chemistry (M.M.S., P.K.), Faculty of Pharmacy, Philipps-University Marburg, Marburg, Germany; Department of Pharmacology (J.S., N.W.), Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Bad Nauheim, Germany; Department of Laser Medicine, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany (H.L.); and LWL-Laboratory (H.L.), Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Imke Wallenstein
- Institutes for Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy (M.K., M.U., A.B., I.W., M.B.) and Pharmaceutical Chemistry (M.M.S., P.K.), Faculty of Pharmacy, Philipps-University Marburg, Marburg, Germany; Department of Pharmacology (J.S., N.W.), Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Bad Nauheim, Germany; Department of Laser Medicine, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany (H.L.); and LWL-Laboratory (H.L.), Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Horst Lemoine
- Institutes for Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy (M.K., M.U., A.B., I.W., M.B.) and Pharmaceutical Chemistry (M.M.S., P.K.), Faculty of Pharmacy, Philipps-University Marburg, Marburg, Germany; Department of Pharmacology (J.S., N.W.), Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Bad Nauheim, Germany; Department of Laser Medicine, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany (H.L.); and LWL-Laboratory (H.L.), Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Nina Wettschureck
- Institutes for Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy (M.K., M.U., A.B., I.W., M.B.) and Pharmaceutical Chemistry (M.M.S., P.K.), Faculty of Pharmacy, Philipps-University Marburg, Marburg, Germany; Department of Pharmacology (J.S., N.W.), Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Bad Nauheim, Germany; Department of Laser Medicine, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany (H.L.); and LWL-Laboratory (H.L.), Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Peter Kolb
- Institutes for Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy (M.K., M.U., A.B., I.W., M.B.) and Pharmaceutical Chemistry (M.M.S., P.K.), Faculty of Pharmacy, Philipps-University Marburg, Marburg, Germany; Department of Pharmacology (J.S., N.W.), Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Bad Nauheim, Germany; Department of Laser Medicine, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany (H.L.); and LWL-Laboratory (H.L.), Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Moritz Bünemann
- Institutes for Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy (M.K., M.U., A.B., I.W., M.B.) and Pharmaceutical Chemistry (M.M.S., P.K.), Faculty of Pharmacy, Philipps-University Marburg, Marburg, Germany; Department of Pharmacology (J.S., N.W.), Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Bad Nauheim, Germany; Department of Laser Medicine, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany (H.L.); and LWL-Laboratory (H.L.), Düsseldorf, Germany
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Adamczyk AM, Leicaj ML, Fabiano MP, Cabrerizo G, Bannoud N, Croci DO, Witwer KW, Remes Lenicov F, Ostrowski M, Pérez PS. Extracellular vesicles from human plasma dampen inflammation and promote tissue repair functions in macrophages. J Extracell Vesicles 2023; 12:e12331. [PMID: 37272889 PMCID: PMC10241174 DOI: 10.1002/jev2.12331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Revised: 04/14/2023] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 06/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Although inflammation is a vital defence response to infection, if left uncontrolled, it can lead to pathology. Macrophages are critical players both in driving the inflammatory response and in the subsequent events required for restoring tissue homeostasis. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are membrane-enclosed structures released by cells that mediate intercellular communication and are present in all biological fluids, including blood. Herein, we show that extracellular vesicles from plasma (pEVs) play a relevant role in the control of inflammation by counteracting PAMP-induced macrophage activation. Indeed, pEV-treatment of macrophages simultaneously with or prior to PAMP exposure reduced the secretion of pro-inflammatory IL-6 and TNF-α and increased IL-10 response. This anti-inflammatory activity was associated with the promotion of tissue-repair functions in macrophages, characterized by augmented efferocytosis and pro-angiogenic capacity, and increased expression of VEGFa, CD300e, RGS2 and CD93, genes involved in cell growth and tissue remodelling. We also show that simultaneous stimulation of macrophages with a PAMP and pEVs promoted COX2 expression and CREB phosphorylation as well as the accumulation of higher concentrations of PGE2 in cell culture supernatants. Remarkably, the anti-inflammatory activity of pEVs was abolished if cells were treated with a pharmacological inhibitor of COX2, indicating that pEV-mediated induction of COX2 is critical for the pEV-mediated inhibition of inflammation. Finally, we show that pEVs added to monocytes prior to their M-CSF-induced differentiation to macrophages increased efferocytosis and diminished pro-inflammatory cytokine responses to PAMP stimulation. In conclusion, our results suggest that pEVs are endogenous homeostatic modulators of macrophages, activating the PGE2/CREB pathway, decreasing the production of inflammatory cytokines and promoting tissue repair functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alan M. Adamczyk
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas en Retrovirus y SIDA (INBIRS)Universidad de Buenos Aires‐CONICETBuenos AiresArgentina
| | - María Luz Leicaj
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas en Retrovirus y SIDA (INBIRS)Universidad de Buenos Aires‐CONICETBuenos AiresArgentina
| | - Martina Paula Fabiano
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas en Retrovirus y SIDA (INBIRS)Universidad de Buenos Aires‐CONICETBuenos AiresArgentina
| | - Gonzalo Cabrerizo
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas en Retrovirus y SIDA (INBIRS)Universidad de Buenos Aires‐CONICETBuenos AiresArgentina
| | - Nadia Bannoud
- Laboratorio de Glicobiología y Biología VascularInstituto de Histología y Embriología de MendozaCONICET‐Universidad Nacional de CuyoMendozaArgentina
| | - Diego O. Croci
- Laboratorio de Glicobiología y Biología VascularInstituto de Histología y Embriología de MendozaCONICET‐Universidad Nacional de CuyoMendozaArgentina
| | - Kenneth W. Witwer
- Department of Molecular and Comparative PathobiologyThe Johns Hopkins University School of MedicineBaltimoreMarylandUSA
- Department of NeurologyThe Johns Hopkins University School of MedicineBaltimoreMarylandUSA
| | - Federico Remes Lenicov
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas en Retrovirus y SIDA (INBIRS)Universidad de Buenos Aires‐CONICETBuenos AiresArgentina
| | - Matías Ostrowski
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas en Retrovirus y SIDA (INBIRS)Universidad de Buenos Aires‐CONICETBuenos AiresArgentina
| | - Paula Soledad Pérez
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas en Retrovirus y SIDA (INBIRS)Universidad de Buenos Aires‐CONICETBuenos AiresArgentina
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Ryu S, Kim HY. Bone Marrow Progenitors and IL-2 Signaling Contribute to the Strain Differences of Kidney Innate Lymphoid Cells. Immune Netw 2023; 23:e15. [PMID: 37179753 PMCID: PMC10166654 DOI: 10.4110/in.2023.23.e15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2022] [Revised: 11/24/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) are critical immune-response mediators. Although they largely reside in mucosal tissues, the kidney also bears substantial numbers. Nevertheless, kidney ILC biology is poorly understood. BALB/c and C57BL/6 mice are known to display type-2 and type-1 skewed immune responses, respectively, but it is unclear whether this extends to ILCs. We show here that indeed, BALB/c mice have higher total ILCs in the kidney than C57BL/6 mice. This difference was particularly pronounced for ILC2s. We then showed that three factors contributed to the higher ILC2s in the BALB/c kidney. First, BALB/c mice demonstrated higher numbers of ILC precursors in the bone marrow. Second, transcriptome analysis showed that compared to C57BL/6 kidneys, the BALB/c kidneys associated with significantly higher IL-2 responses. Quantitative RT-PCR also showed that compared to C57BL/6 kidneys, the BALB/c kidneys expressed higher levels of IL-2 and other cytokines known to promote ILC2 proliferation and/or survival (IL-7, IL-33, and thymic stromal lymphopoietin). Third, the BALB/c kidney ILC2s may be more sensitive to the environmental signals than C57BL/6 kidney ILC2s since they expressed their transcription factor GATA-3 and the IL-2, IL-7, and IL-25 receptors at higher levels. Indeed, they also demonstrated greater responsiveness to IL-2 than C57BL/6 kidney ILC2s, as shown by their greater STAT5 phosphorylation levels after culture with IL-2. Thus, this study demonstrates previously unknown properties of kidney ILC2s. It also shows the impact of mouse strain background on ILC2 behavior, which should be considered when conducting research on immune diseases with experimental mouse models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seungwon Ryu
- Department of Microbiology, Gachon University College of Medicine, Incheon 21999, Korea
| | - Hye Young Kim
- Laboratory of Mucosal Immunology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Korea
- Institute of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Seoul National University Medical Research Center, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Korea
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The role of PGE2 and EP receptors on lung's immune and structural cells; possibilities for future asthma therapy. Pharmacol Ther 2023; 241:108313. [PMID: 36427569 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2022.108313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2022] [Revised: 10/06/2022] [Accepted: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Asthma is the most common airway chronic disease with treatments aimed mainly to control the symptoms. Adrenergic receptor agonists, corticosteroids and anti-leukotrienes have been used for decades, and the development of more targeted asthma treatments, known as biological therapies, were only recently established. However, due to the complexity of asthma and the limited efficacy as well as the side effects of available treatments, there is an urgent need for a new generation of asthma therapies. The anti-inflammatory and bronchodilatory effects of prostaglandin E2 in asthma are promising, yet complicated by undesirable side effects, such as cough and airway irritation. In this review, we summarize the most important literature on the role of all four E prostanoid (EP) receptors on the lung's immune and structural cells to further dissect the relevance of EP2/EP4 receptors as potential targets for future asthma therapy.
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Treatment of Mouse Sperm with a Non-Catalytic Mutant of PLA2G10 Reveals That PLA2G10 Improves In Vitro Fertilization through Both Its Enzymatic Activity and as Ligand of PLA2R1. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23148033. [PMID: 35887380 PMCID: PMC9320362 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23148033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2022] [Revised: 07/15/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
The group X secreted phospholipase A2 (PLA2G10) is present at high levels in mouse sperm acrosome. The enzyme is secreted during capacitation and amplifies the acrosome reaction and its own secretion via an autocrine loop. PLA2G10 also improves the rate of fertilization. In in vitro fertilization (IVF) experiments, sperm from Pla2g10-deficient mice produces fewer two-cell embryos, and the absence of PLA2G10 is rescued by adding recombinant enzymes. Moreover, wild-type (WT) sperm treated with recombinant PLA2G10 produces more two-cell embryos. The effects of PLA2G10 on mouse fertility are inhibited by sPLA2 inhibitors and rescued by products of the enzymatic reaction such as free fatty acids, suggesting a role of catalytic activity. However, PLA2G10 also binds to mouse PLA2R1, which may play a role in fertility. To determine the relative contribution of enzymatic activity and PLA2R1 binding in the profertility effect of PLA2G10, we tested H48Q-PLA2G10, a catalytically-inactive mutant of PLA2G10 with low enzymatic activity but high binding properties to PLA2R1. Its effect was tested in various mouse strains, including Pla2r1-deficient mice. H48Q-PLA2G10 did not trigger the acrosome reaction but was as potent as WT-PLA2G10 to improve IVF in inbred C57Bl/6 mice; however, this was not the case in OF1 outbred mice. Using gametes from these mouse strains, the effect of H48Q-PLA2G10 appeared dependent on both spermatozoa and oocytes. Moreover, sperm from C57Bl/6 Pla2r1-deficient mice were less fertile and lowered the profertility effects of H48Q-PLA2G10, which were completely suppressed when sperm and oocytes were collected from Pla2r1-deficient mice. Conversely, the effect of WT-PLA2G10 was not or less sensitive to the absence of PLA2R1, suggesting that the effect of PLA2G10 is polymodal and complex, acting both as an enzyme and a ligand of PLA2R1. This study shows that the action of PLA2G10 on gametes is complex and can simultaneously activate the catalytic pathway and the PLA2R1-dependent receptor pathway. This work also shows for the first time that PLA2G10 binding to gametes’ PLA2R1 participates in fertilization optimization.
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10
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Nakano K, Shimizu Y, Arai T, Kaneko T, Okamura T. The versatile electric condition in mouse embryos for genome editing using a three-step square-wave pulse electroporator. Exp Anim 2021; 71:214-223. [PMID: 34880157 PMCID: PMC9130034 DOI: 10.1538/expanim.21-0130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Technique for Animal Knockout system by Electroporation (TAKE) is a simple and efficient method to generate genetically modified (GM) mice using the clustered regularly interspaced short
palindromic repeat (CRISPR)/CRISPR-associated protein 9 (Cas9) systems. To reinforce the versatility of electroporation used for gene editing in mice, the electric condition was optimized
for vitrified-warmed mouse embryos, and applied to the fresh embryos from widely used inbred strains (C57BL/6NCr, BALB/cCrSlc, FVB/NJcl, and C3H/HeJJcl). The electric pulse settings (poring
pulse: voltage, 150 V; pulse width, 1.0 ms; pulse interval, 50 ms; number of pulses, +4; transfer pulse: voltage, 20 V; pulse width, 50 ms; pulse interval, 50 ms; number of pulses, ±5) were
optimal for vitrified-warmed mouse embryos, which could efficiently deliver the gRNA/Cas9 complex into the zygotes without zona pellucida thinning process and edit the target locus. These
electric condition efficiently generated GM mice in widely used inbred mouse strains. In addition, electroporation using the electrode with a 5 mm gap could introduce more than 100 embryos
within 5 min without specific pretreatment and sophisticated technical skills, such as microinjection, and exhibited a high developmental rate of embryos and genome-editing efficiency in the
generated offspring, leading to the rapid and efficient generation of genome editing mice. The electric condition used in this study is highly versatile and can contribute to understanding
human diseases and gene functions by generating GM mice more easily and efficiently.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenta Nakano
- Department of Laboratory Animal Medicine, Research Institute, National Center for Global Health and Medicine (NCGM)
| | - Yukiko Shimizu
- Department of Laboratory Animal Medicine, Research Institute, National Center for Global Health and Medicine (NCGM)
| | - Tetsuya Arai
- Department of Laboratory Animal Medicine, Research Institute, National Center for Global Health and Medicine (NCGM)
| | - Taketo Kaneko
- Department of Chemistry and Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Iwate University.,Division of Fundamental and Applied Sciences, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Iwate University
| | - Tadashi Okamura
- Department of Laboratory Animal Medicine, Research Institute, National Center for Global Health and Medicine (NCGM)
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11
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Oyesola OO, Tait Wojno ED. Prostaglandin regulation of type 2 inflammation: From basic biology to therapeutic interventions. Eur J Immunol 2021; 51:2399-2416. [PMID: 34396535 PMCID: PMC8843787 DOI: 10.1002/eji.202048909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2020] [Revised: 05/11/2021] [Accepted: 08/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Type 2 immunity is critical for the protective and repair responses that mediate resistance to parasitic helminth infection. This immune response also drives aberrant inflammation during atopic diseases. Prostaglandins are a class of critical lipid mediators that are released during type 2 inflammation and are integral in controlling the initiation, activation, maintenance, effector functions, and resolution of Type 2 inflammation. In this review, we explore the roles of the different prostaglandin family members and the receptors they bind to during allergen‐ and helminth‐induced Type 2 inflammation and the mechanism through which prostaglandins promote or suppress Type 2 inflammation. Furthermore, we discuss the potential role of prostaglandins produced by helminth parasites in the regulation of host–pathogen interactions, and how prostaglandins may regulate the inverse relationship between helminth infection and allergy. Finally, we discuss opportunities to capitalize on our understanding of prostaglandin pathways to develop new therapeutic options for humans experiencing Type 2 inflammatory disorders that have a significant prostaglandin‐driven component including allergic rhinitis and asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oyebola O Oyesola
- Department of Immunology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98117, USA
| | - Elia D Tait Wojno
- Department of Immunology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98117, USA
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12
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Koida A, Yasuda K, Adachi T, Matsushita K, Yasuda M, Hirano S, Kuroda E. Thymic stromal lymphopoietin contributes to protection of mice from Strongyloides venezuelensis infection by CD4 + T cell-dependent and -independent pathways. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2021; 555:168-174. [PMID: 33819747 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2021.03.128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2021] [Accepted: 03/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
When animals are infected with helminthic parasites, resistant hosts mount type II helper T (Th2) immune responses to expel worms. Recent studies have clearly shown that epithelial cell-derived cytokines contribute to the induction of Th2 immune responses. Here we demonstrate the role of endogenous thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP) for protection against Strongyloides venezuelensis (S. venezuelensis) infection, utilizing TSLP receptor-deficient Crlf2-/- mice. The number of eggs per gram of feces (EPG) and worm burden were significantly higher in Crlf2-/- mice than in wild type (WT) mice. S. venezuelensis infection induced Tslp mRNA expression in the skin, lung, and intestine and also facilitated the accumulation of mast cells in the intestine in a TSLP-dependent manner. Furthermore, CD4+ T cells from S. venezuelensis-infected Crlf2-/- mice showed diminished capacity to produce Th2 cytokines in the early stage of infection. Finally, CD4+ cell-depleted Crlf2-/- mice still showed higher EPG counts and worm burden than CD4+ cell-depleted WT mice, indicating that TSLP contributes to protecting mice against S. venezuelensis infection in both CD4+ T cell-dependent and -independent manners.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atsuhide Koida
- Department of Immunology, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya, Hyogo, 663-8501, Japan; Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, 602-8566, Japan
| | - Koubun Yasuda
- Department of Immunology, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya, Hyogo, 663-8501, Japan.
| | - Takumi Adachi
- Department of Immunology, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya, Hyogo, 663-8501, Japan
| | - Kazufumi Matsushita
- Department of Immunology, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya, Hyogo, 663-8501, Japan
| | - Makoto Yasuda
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, 602-8566, Japan
| | - Shigeru Hirano
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, 602-8566, Japan
| | - Etsushi Kuroda
- Department of Immunology, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya, Hyogo, 663-8501, Japan
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13
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Transcriptomic Analysis of LNCaP Tumor Xenograft to Elucidate the Components and Mechanisms Contributed by Tumor Environment as Targets for Dietary Prostate Cancer Prevention Studies. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13031000. [PMID: 33808801 PMCID: PMC8003580 DOI: 10.3390/nu13031000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2020] [Revised: 03/09/2021] [Accepted: 03/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
LNCaP athymic xenograft model has been widely used to allow researchers to examine the effects and mechanisms of experimental treatments such as diet and diet-derived cancer preventive and therapeutic compounds on prostate cancer. However, the biological characteristics of human LNCaP cells before/after implanting in athymic mouse and its relevance to clinical human prostate outcomes remain unclear and may dictate interpretation of biological efficacies/mechanisms of diet/diet-derived experimental treatments. In this study, transcriptome profiles and pathways of human prostate LNCaP cells before (in vitro) and after (in vivo) implanting into xenograft mouse were compared using RNA-sequencing technology (RNA-seq) followed by bioinformatic analysis. A shift from androgen-responsive to androgen nonresponsive status was observed when comparing LNCaP xenograft tumor to culture cells. Androgen receptor and aryl-hydrocarbon pathway were found to be inhibited and interleukin-1 (IL-1) mediated pathways contributed to these changes. Coupled with in vitro experiments modeling for androgen exposure, cell-matrix interaction, inflammation, and hypoxia, we identified specific mechanisms that may contribute to the observed changes in genes and pathways. Our results provide critical baseline transcriptomic information for a tumor xenograft model and the tumor environments that might be associated with regulating the progression of the xenograft tumor, which may influence interpretation of diet/diet-derived experimental treatments.
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14
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Su X, Zhang Q, Yue J, Wang Y, Zhang Y, Yang R. TRIM59 suppresses NO production by promoting the binding of PIAS1 and STAT1 in macrophages. Int Immunopharmacol 2020; 89:107030. [PMID: 33045573 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2020.107030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2020] [Revised: 09/17/2020] [Accepted: 09/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Macrophages, which can secret various inflammation mediators, have an essential role in tumor growth and metastasis. However, the mechanism(s) to regulate the production of inflammation mediator is not completely clear. Here we found that TRIM 59 could inhibit the production of NO and the expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), cytochrome c oxidase subunit2 (COX2) and TNFα. TRIM59 mediated suppression on nitric oxide (NO) production is through inhibiting the activation of JAK2-STAT1 signal pathway. In response to LPS, TRIM59 in macrophages was translocated from cytoplasm to nucleus and directly bound with STAT1. During this process, TRIM59 could recruit much more PIAS1 to bind with STAT1 to suppress the activation of STAT1. Finally, TRIM59 modified macrophages could promote tumor growth. Thus, TRIM59 mediated suppression on NO production by promoting the binding of PIAS1 and STAT1 in macrophages may regulate tumor growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaomin Su
- Department of Immunology, Nankai University School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China; Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials Ministry of Education, Nankai University, Tianjin, China; State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Nankai University, Tianjin, China.
| | - Qianjing Zhang
- Department of Immunology, Nankai University School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China; Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials Ministry of Education, Nankai University, Tianjin, China; State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Jianmei Yue
- Department of Immunology, Nankai University School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China; Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials Ministry of Education, Nankai University, Tianjin, China; State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yachen Wang
- Department of Immunology, Nankai University School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yuan Zhang
- Department of Immunology, Nankai University School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China; Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials Ministry of Education, Nankai University, Tianjin, China; State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Rongcun Yang
- Department of Immunology, Nankai University School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China; Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials Ministry of Education, Nankai University, Tianjin, China; State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Nankai University, Tianjin, China.
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15
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Adachi T, Yasuda K, Muto T, Serada S, Yoshimoto T, Ishii KJ, Kuroda E, Araki K, Ohmuraya M, Naka T, Nakanishi K. Lung fibroblasts produce IL-33 in response to stimulation with retinoblastoma-binding protein 9 via production of prostaglandin E2. Int Immunol 2020; 32:637-652. [PMID: 32484881 DOI: 10.1093/intimm/dxaa031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2019] [Accepted: 05/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Intestinal nematode infection induces pulmonary eosinophilia via IL-33, although the mechanism of pulmonary IL-33 induction remains unclear. Because nematode migration damages lungs, we speculated that lung-derived damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) possess an IL-33-inducing activity (IL33ia). Indeed, intra-nasal administration of a lung extract induced IL-33 production in lungs. Additionally, lung extracts increased Il33 mRNA expression in primary lung fibroblasts. Proteomic analysis identified retinoblastoma-binding protein 9 (RBBP9) as a major DAMP with IL33ia. RBBP9 was originally discovered as a protein that provides cells with resistance to the growth inhibitory effect of transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1. Here, we found that stimulation by RBBP9 induced primary fibroblasts to produce prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) that, in turn, induced fibroblasts to produce IL-33. RBBP9-activated fibroblasts expressed mRNAs of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and PGE2 synthase-1 that convert arachidonic acid to PGE2. Furthermore, they expressed PGE2 receptors E-prostanoid (EP) 2 and EP4. Thus, treatment with a COX-2 inhibitor or EP2 and/or EP4 receptor antagonists inhibited RBBP9-induced IL-33 production. Nematode infection induced pulmonary Il33 mRNA expression, which was inhibited by the COX-2 inhibitor or EP2 and EP4 antagonists, suggesting that nematode infection induced pulmonary Il33 mRNA via PGE2. RBBP9 was expressed constitutively in the lung in the steady state, which did not increase after nematode infection. Finally, we found that Rbbp9-deficient mice had a significantly diminished capacity to increase pulmonary Il33 mRNA expression following nematode infection. Thus, the PGE2-EP2/EP4 pathway activated by RBBP9 released from damaged lungs is important for pulmonary IL-33 production in nematode-infected animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takumi Adachi
- Department of Immunology, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Koubun Yasuda
- Department of Immunology, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Taichiro Muto
- Department of Immunology, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya, Hyogo, Japan.,Department of Pediatrics, Aichi Medical University, Nagakute, Aichi, Japan
| | - Satoshi Serada
- Laboratory of Immune Signal, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, Ibaraki, Osaka, Japan.,Center for Intractable Immune Disease, Kochi Medical School, Kochi University, Nankoku, Kochi, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Yoshimoto
- Department of Immunology, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Ken J Ishii
- Division of Vaccine Science, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Etsushi Kuroda
- Department of Immunology, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Kimi Araki
- Institute of Resource Development and Analysis, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Masaki Ohmuraya
- Department of Genetics, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Tetsuji Naka
- Laboratory of Immune Signal, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, Ibaraki, Osaka, Japan.,Center for Intractable Immune Disease, Kochi Medical School, Kochi University, Nankoku, Kochi, Japan
| | - Kenji Nakanishi
- Department of Immunology, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya, Hyogo, Japan
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16
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Huang N, Wang M, Peng J, Wei H. Role of arachidonic acid-derived eicosanoids in intestinal innate immunity. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2020; 61:2399-2410. [PMID: 32662287 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2020.1777932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Arachidonic acid (ARA), an n-6 essential fatty acid, plays an important role in human and animal growth and development. The ARA presents in the membrane phospholipids can be released by phospholipase A2. These free arachidonic acid molecules are then used to produce eicosanoids through three different pathways. Previous studies have demonstrated that eicosanoids have a wide range of physiological functions. Although they are generally considered to be pro-inflammatory molecules, recent advances have elucidated they have an effect on innate immunity via regulating the development, and differentiation of innate immune cells and the function of the intestinal epithelial barrier. Here, we review eicosanoids generation in intestine and their role in intestinal innate immunity, focusing on intestinal epithelial barrier, innate immune cell in lamina propria (LP) and their crosstalk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ningning Huang
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, PR China
| | - Miaomiao Wang
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, PR China
| | - Jian Peng
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, PR China
| | - Hongkui Wei
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, PR China
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17
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Miki H, Tahara-Hanaoka S, Almeida MS, Hitomi K, Shibagaki S, Kanemaru K, Lin YH, Iwata K, Miyake S, Shibayama S, Sumida T, Shibuya K, Shibuya A. Allergin-1 Immunoreceptor Suppresses House Dust Mite-Induced Allergic Airway Inflammation. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2020; 204:753-762. [PMID: 31900344 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1900180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2019] [Accepted: 12/02/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
House dust mite (HDM) allergens are leading causes of allergic asthma characterized by Th2 responses. The lung-resident CD11b+ dendritic cells (DCs) play a key role in Th2 cell development in HDM-induced allergic asthma. However, the regulatory mechanism of HDM-induced CD11b+ DC activation remains incompletely understood. In this study, we demonstrate that mice deficient in an inhibitory immunoreceptor, Allergin-1, showed exacerbated HDM-induced airway eosinophilia and serum IgE elevation. By using bone marrow-chimeric mice that were sensitized with adoptively transferred HDM-stimulated wild-type or Allergin-1-deficient CD11b+ bone marrow-derived cultured DCs (BMDCs), followed by challenge with HDM, we show that Allergin-1 on the BMDCs suppressed HDM-induced allergic airway inflammation. We also show that Allergin-1 suppressed HDM-induced PGE2 production from CD11b+ BMDCs by inhibiting Syk tyrosine kinase activation through recruitment of SHP-1, subsequently leading to negative regulation of Th2 responses. These results suggest that Allergin-1 plays an important role in regulation of HDM-induced allergic airway inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haruka Miki
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8575, Japan.,Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Tsukuba Advanced Research Alliance, R&D Center for Innovative Drug Discovery, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8575, Japan
| | - Satoko Tahara-Hanaoka
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8575, Japan; .,Life Science Center for Survival Dynamics, Tsukuba Advanced Research Alliance, R&D Center for Innovative Drug Discovery, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8575, Japan
| | - Mariana Silva Almeida
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8575, Japan
| | - Kaori Hitomi
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8575, Japan
| | - Shohei Shibagaki
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8575, Japan
| | - Kazumasa Kanemaru
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8575, Japan
| | - Yu-Hsien Lin
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8575, Japan.,Ph.D. Program in Human Biology, School of Integrative and Global Majors, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8575, Japan; and
| | - Kanako Iwata
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8575, Japan
| | - Shota Miyake
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8575, Japan
| | - Shiro Shibayama
- Research Center of Immunology, Tsukuba Institute, Ono Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Tsukuba, Ibaraki 300-4247, Japan
| | - Takayuki Sumida
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Tsukuba Advanced Research Alliance, R&D Center for Innovative Drug Discovery, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8575, Japan
| | - Kazuko Shibuya
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8575, Japan.,Life Science Center for Survival Dynamics, Tsukuba Advanced Research Alliance, R&D Center for Innovative Drug Discovery, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8575, Japan
| | - Akira Shibuya
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8575, Japan; .,Life Science Center for Survival Dynamics, Tsukuba Advanced Research Alliance, R&D Center for Innovative Drug Discovery, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8575, Japan
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18
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Nakano Y, Kitagawa T, Osada Y, Tanaka T, Nishizawa S, Yamamoto J. 5-Aminolevulinic Acid Suppresses Prostaglandin E2 Production by Murine Macrophages and Enhances Macrophage Cytotoxicity Against Glioma. World Neurosurg 2019; 127:e669-e676. [DOI: 10.1016/j.wneu.2019.03.240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2019] [Revised: 03/22/2019] [Accepted: 03/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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19
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Toor IS, Rückerl D, Mair I, Thomson A, Rossi AG, Newby DE, Allen JE, Gray GA. Enhanced monocyte recruitment and delayed alternative macrophage polarization accompanies impaired repair following myocardial infarction in C57BL/6 compared to BALB/c mice. Clin Exp Immunol 2019; 198:83-93. [PMID: 31119724 PMCID: PMC6718279 DOI: 10.1111/cei.13330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Activation of the innate immune response following myocardial infarction (MI) is essential for infarct repair. Preclinical models of MI commonly use C57BL/6 mice, which have a type 1‐dominant immune response, whereas other mouse strains such as BALB/c mice have a type 2‐dominant immune response. We compared C57BL/6 and BALB/c mice to investigate whether predisposition towards a proinflammatory phenotype influences the dynamics of the innate immune response to MI and associated infarct healing and the risk of cardiac rupture. MI was induced by permanent coronary artery ligation in 12–15‐week‐old male wild‐type BALB/c and C57BL/6 mice. Prior to MI, C57BL/6 mice had a lower proportion of CD206+ anti‐inflammatory macrophages in the heart and an expanded blood pool of proinflammatory Ly6Chigh monocytes in comparison to BALB/c mice. The systemic inflammatory response in C57BL/6 mice following MI was more pronounced, with greater peripheral blood Ly6Chigh monocytosis, splenic Ly6Chigh monocyte mobilization and myeloid cell infiltration of pericardial adipose tissue. This led to an increased and prolonged macrophage accumulation, as well as delayed transition towards anti‐inflammatory macrophage polarization in the infarct zone and surrounding tissues of C57BL/6 mice. These findings accompanied a higher rate of mortality due to cardiac rupture in C57BL/6 mice compared with BALB/c mice. We conclude that lower post‐MI survival of C57BL/6 mice over BALB/c mice is mediated in part by a more pronounced and prolonged inflammatory response. Outcomes in BALB/c mice highlight the therapeutic potential of modulating resolution of the innate immune response following MI for the benefit of successful infarct healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- I S Toor
- BHF/University Centre for Cardiovascular Science, Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - D Rückerl
- Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, School of Biological Sciences, University of Manchester, Edinburgh, UK
| | - I Mair
- MRC Centre for Inflammation Research, Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - A Thomson
- BHF/University Centre for Cardiovascular Science, Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - A G Rossi
- MRC Centre for Inflammation Research, Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - D E Newby
- BHF/University Centre for Cardiovascular Science, Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - J E Allen
- Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, School of Biological Sciences, University of Manchester, Edinburgh, UK
| | - G A Gray
- BHF/University Centre for Cardiovascular Science, Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
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20
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Pitts MG, D'Orazio SEF. Prostaglandin E 2 Inhibits the Ability of Neutrophils to Kill Listeria monocytogenes. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2019; 202:3474-3482. [PMID: 31061007 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1900201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2019] [Accepted: 04/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
PGE2 is a lipid-signaling molecule with complex roles in both homeostasis and inflammation. Depending on the cellular context, PGE2 may also suppress certain immune responses. In this study, we tested whether PGE2 could inhibit bacterial killing by polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMN) using a mouse model of foodborne listeriosis. We found that PGE2 pretreatment decreased the ability of PMN harvested from the bone marrow of either BALB/cByJ or C57BL/6J mice to kill Listeria monocytogenes in vitro. PGE2 treatment slowed the migration of PMN toward the chemoattractant leukotriene B4, decreased uptake of L. monocytogenes by PMN, and inhibited the respiratory burst of PMN compared with vehicle-treated cells. When immune cells were isolated from the livers of infected mice and tested directly ex vivo for the presence of PGE2, BALB/cByJ cells produced significantly more than C57BL/6J cells. Together, these data suggest that robust PGE2 production can suppress PMN effector functions, leading to decreased bacterial killing, which may contribute to the innate susceptibility of BALB/cByJ mice to infection with the facultative intracellular bacterial pathogen L. monocytogenes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle G Pitts
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Molecular Genetics, University of Kentucky College of Medicine, Lexington, KY 40536
| | - Sarah E F D'Orazio
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Molecular Genetics, University of Kentucky College of Medicine, Lexington, KY 40536
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Maprotiline inhibits COX2 and iNOS gene expression in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated U937 macrophages and carrageenan-induced paw edema in rats. Cent Eur J Immunol 2019; 44:15-22. [PMID: 31114432 PMCID: PMC6526590 DOI: 10.5114/ceji.2019.84011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2016] [Accepted: 01/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Maprotiline, a tetracyclic antidepressant, is used for the management of mental disorders and various types of chronic pain. In our previous work, we found the inhibitory effect of maprotiline on inflammatory mediator’s expression like tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α and interleukin 1β (IL-1β. As part of that study, we sought to evaluate the effect of maprotiline on the expression of some inflammatory mediators such as cyclooxygenases 2 (COX2) and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS). For this reason we used an in vitro model system of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated human U937 macrophages and also an in vivo model of carrageenan-induced paw edema in rats. We measured the expression of these genes by quantitative RT-real time PCR. The expression of COX2 and iNOS significantly decreased by maprotiline in U937 macrophages and carrageenan-induced paw inflammation in rats. Our finding also confirmed that intraperitoneal (i.p.) injection of maprotiline inhibited carrageenan-induced paw edema. Moreover, maprotiline significantly decreased the migration of polymorphonuclear (PMN) leukocytes to the site of inflammation. The results of the present study provide further evidence for the anti-inflammatory effect of maprotiline. This effect appears to be mediated by down regulation of inflammatory genes. Further studies are needed to evaluate the complex cellular and molecular mechanisms of maprotiline.
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Naji Esfahani H, Rafiee L, Haghjooy Javanmard S. Evaluation of the Effect of Antidepressant Drug, Fluvoxamine, on Cyclooxygenase-2 Protein Expression in Lipopolysaccharide-stimulated Macrophages. Adv Biomed Res 2019; 8:5. [PMID: 30820426 PMCID: PMC6385559 DOI: 10.4103/abr.abr_141_18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Fluvoxamine, a well-known selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor, is used for the management of mental disorders and various types of chronic pain. In our previous study, we found the inhibitory effect of fluvoxamine on inflammatory mediator‘s expression. In the line of the indicated study, we sought to evaluate the effect of fluvoxamine on the expression of some inflammatory mediators such as cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2). Materials and Methods: An in vitro model system of lipopolysaccharide-stimulated human U937 macrophages was used. The expression of COX-2 protein was measured by flow cytometry. Results: The expression of COX-2 significantly decreased by fluvoxamine in U937 macrophages. Conclusion: The results of the present study provide further evidence for the anti-inflammatory effect of fluvoxamine. This effect appears to be mediated by the downregulation of inflammatory genes. Further studies are needed to evaluate the complex cellular and molecular mechanisms of fluvoxamine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hajar Naji Esfahani
- Applied Physiology Research Center, Isfahan Cardiovascular Research Institute, Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Laleh Rafiee
- Applied Physiology Research Center, Isfahan Cardiovascular Research Institute, Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Shaghayegh Haghjooy Javanmard
- Applied Physiology Research Center, Isfahan Cardiovascular Research Institute, Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
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Califano D, Furuya Y, Metzger DW. Effects of Influenza on Alveolar Macrophage Viability Are Dependent on Mouse Genetic Strain. JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY (BALTIMORE, MD. : 1950) 2018; 201:134-144. [PMID: 29760191 PMCID: PMC6008236 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1701406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2017] [Accepted: 04/26/2018] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Secondary bacterial coinfections following influenza virus pose a serious threat to human health. Therefore, it is of significant clinical relevance to understand the immunological causes of this increased susceptibility. Influenza-induced alterations in alveolar macrophages (AMs) have been shown to be a major underlying cause of the increased susceptibility to bacterial superinfection. However, the mechanisms responsible for this remain under debate, specifically in terms of whether AMs are depleted in response to influenza infection or are maintained postinfection, but with disrupted phagocytic activity. The data presented in this article resolves this issue by showing that either mechanism can differentially occur in individual mouse strains. BALB/c mice exhibited a dramatic IFN-γ-dependent reduction in levels of AMs following infection with influenza A, whereas AM levels in C57BL/6 mice were maintained throughout the course of influenza infection, although the cells displayed an altered phenotype, namely an upregulation in CD11b expression. These strain differences were observed regardless of whether infection was performed with low or high doses of influenza virus. Furthermore, infection with either the H1N1 A/California/04/2009 (CA04) or H1N1 A/PR8/1934 (PR8) virus strain yielded similar results. Regardless of AM viability, both BALB/c and C57BL/6 mice showed a high level of susceptibility to postinfluenza bacterial infection. These findings resolve the apparent inconsistencies in the literature, identify mouse strain-dependent differences in the AM response to influenza infection, and ultimately may facilitate translation of the mouse model to clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danielle Califano
- Department of Immunology and Microbial Disease, Albany Medical College, Albany, NY 12208
| | - Yoichi Furuya
- Department of Immunology and Microbial Disease, Albany Medical College, Albany, NY 12208
| | - Dennis W Metzger
- Department of Immunology and Microbial Disease, Albany Medical College, Albany, NY 12208
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Toll-Like Receptor Ligand-Induced Liver Injury in D-Galactosamine-Sensitized Mice: Differences between TLR7/8 and TLR9 Ligands, Cytokine Patterns, and Cross-Tolerance Induction by TLR2 Ligand Pretreatment. J Immunol Res 2017; 2017:9653793. [PMID: 29181417 PMCID: PMC5664326 DOI: 10.1155/2017/9653793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2017] [Revised: 08/10/2017] [Accepted: 09/13/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Administration of Toll-like receptor ligands (TLRLs) is known to cause liver injury in D-galN-sensitized mice. In the present study, we aimed to complement preceding reports on the TLRL/D-galN system by analyzing comparisons among TLRLs, mouse strain dependence, effects on serum levels of cytokines, and effects of sequential administrations of different TLRLs. In a preliminary set of analyses, we first confirmed that liver failure can be induced by diverse TLRLs, including LTA and R848 in combination with D-galN. Analysis using TLR4-deficient mice excluded potential confounding effects of endogenous TLR4Ls that include those referred to as DAMPs in CpG DNA/D-galN hepatotoxicity. Subsequently, we showed that LTA pretreatment could prevent mortality in both CpG DNA/D-galN- and R848/D-galN-treated mice compared to without pretreatment. Incidentally, we observed that without the LTA pretreatment, CpG DNA/D-galN showed relatively higher liver-specific toxicity whereas R848/D-galN showed more symptoms of multiple organ failure. These findings suggest that, in D-galN-sensitized mice, different TLRLs not only show similarity in the ability to induce hepatic injury but also exhibit distinctive abilities in inducing systemic inflammation and multiple organ failure. These findings also suggest the potential usefulness of cross-tolerance induction using LTA in the prevention of organ failure in TLRL-mediated acute inflammation.
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Lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-mediated priming of toll-like receptor 4 enhances oxidant-induced prostaglandin E 2 biosynthesis in primary murine macrophages. Int Immunopharmacol 2017; 54:226-237. [PMID: 29161659 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2017.11.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2017] [Revised: 11/13/2017] [Accepted: 11/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Agonists and pseudo-agonists for toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) are common in our environment. Thus, human exposure to these agents may result in "priming or sensitization" of TLR4. A body of evidence suggests that LPS-mediated sensitization of TLR4 can increase the magnitude of responses to exogenous agents in multiple tissues. We have previously shown that reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (RONS) stimulate TLR4. There is no evidence that LPS-primed TLR4 can influence the magnitude of responses to oxidants from either endogenous or exogenous sources. In the present study, we directly tested the hypothesis that LPS-primed TLR4 will sensitize primary murine peritoneal macrophages (pM) to oxidant-mediated prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) production. We used potassium peroxychromate (PPC) and potassium peroxynitrite (PPN) as direct in vitro sources of exogenous RONS. Our results showed that a direct treatment with PPC or PPN alone as sources of exogenous oxidants had a limited effect on PGE2 biosynthesis. In contrast, pM sensitized by prior incubation with LPS-EK, a TLR4-specific agonist, followed by oxidant stimulation exhibited increased transcriptional and translational expression of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) with enhanced PGE2 biosynthesis/production only in pM derived from TLR4-WT mice but not in TLR4-KO mice. Thus, we have shown a critical role for LPS-primed TLR4 in oxidant-induced inflammatory phenotypes that have the potential to initiate, propagate and maintain many human diseases.
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Ackerman JE, Best KT, O'Keefe RJ, Loiselle AE. Deletion of EP4 in S100a4-lineage cells reduces scar tissue formation during early but not later stages of tendon healing. Sci Rep 2017; 7:8658. [PMID: 28819185 PMCID: PMC5561254 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-09407-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2017] [Accepted: 07/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Tendon injuries heal via scar tissue rather than regeneration. This healing response forms adhesions between the flexor tendons in the hand and surrounding tissues, resulting in impaired range of motion and hand function. Mechanistically, inflammation has been strongly linked to adhesion formation, and Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) is associated with both adhesion formation and tendinopathy. In the present study we tested the hypothesis that deletion of the PGE2 receptor EP4 in S100a4-lineage cells would decrease adhesion formation. S100a4-Cre; EP4 flox/flox (EP4cKOS100a4) repairs healed with improved gliding function at day 14, followed by impaired gliding at day 28, relative to wild type. Interestingly, EP4cKOS100a4 resulted in only transient deletion of EP4, suggesting up-regulation of EP4 in an alternative cell population in these mice. Loss of EP4 in Scleraxis-lineage cells did not alter gliding function, suggesting that Scx-lineage cells are not the predominant EP4 expressing population. In contrast, a dramatic increase in α-SMA+, EP4+ double-positive cells were observed in EP4cKOS100a4 suggesting that EP4cKOS100a4 repairs heal with increased infiltration of EP4 expressing α-SMA myofibroblasts, identifying a potential mechanism of late up-regulation of EP4 and impaired gliding function in EP4cKOS100a4 tendon repairs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica E Ackerman
- Center for Musculoskeletal Research, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York, United States of America
| | - Katherine T Best
- Center for Musculoskeletal Research, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York, United States of America
| | - Regis J O'Keefe
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America
| | - Alayna E Loiselle
- Center for Musculoskeletal Research, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York, United States of America.
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Hamidzadeh K, Christensen SM, Dalby E, Chandrasekaran P, Mosser DM. Macrophages and the Recovery from Acute and Chronic Inflammation. Annu Rev Physiol 2017; 79:567-592. [PMID: 27959619 PMCID: PMC5912892 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-physiol-022516-034348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 230] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
In recent years, researchers have devoted much attention to the diverse roles of macrophages and their contributions to tissue development, wound healing, and angiogenesis. What should not be lost in the discussions regarding the diverse biology of these cells is that when perturbed, macrophages are the primary contributors to potentially pathological inflammatory processes. Macrophages stand poised to rapidly produce large amounts of inflammatory cytokines in response to danger signals. The production of these cytokines can initiate a cascade of inflammatory mediator release that can lead to wholesale tissue destruction. The destructive inflammatory capability of macrophages is amplified by exposure to exogenous interferon-γ, which prolongs and heightens inflammatory responses. In simple terms, macrophages can thus be viewed as incendiary devices with hair triggers waiting to detonate. We have begun to ask questions about how these cells can be regulated to mitigate the collateral destruction associated with macrophage activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kajal Hamidzadeh
- Department of Cell Biology and Molecular Genetics, Maryland Pathogen Research Institute, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742;
| | - Stephen M Christensen
- Department of Cell Biology and Molecular Genetics, Maryland Pathogen Research Institute, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742;
| | - Elizabeth Dalby
- Department of Cell Biology and Molecular Genetics, Maryland Pathogen Research Institute, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742;
| | - Prabha Chandrasekaran
- Department of Cell Biology and Molecular Genetics, Maryland Pathogen Research Institute, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742;
| | - David M Mosser
- Department of Cell Biology and Molecular Genetics, Maryland Pathogen Research Institute, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742;
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BenSaad LA, Kim KH, Quah CC, Kim WR, Shahimi M. Anti-inflammatory potential of ellagic acid, gallic acid and punicalagin A&B isolated from Punica granatum. BMC COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2017; 17:47. [PMID: 28088220 PMCID: PMC5237561 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-017-1555-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 236] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2015] [Accepted: 01/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Background Punica granatum (pomegranate), an edible fruit originating in the Middle East, has been used as a traditional medicine for treatment of pain and inflammatory conditions such as peptic ulcer. The numerous risks associated with nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) for treatment of pain and inflammation give rise to using medicinal herbs as alternative therapies. This study aimed to evaluate the anti-inflammatory effect of isolated compounds from the ethyl acetate (EtOAc) fraction of P. granatum by determination of their inhibitory effects on lipopolysaccharide (LPS), stimulated nitric oxide (NO), prostaglandin E2 (PGE-2), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and cyclooxxgenase-2 (COX-2) release from RAW264.7 cells. Methods The compounds ellagic acid, gallic acid and punicalagin A&B were isolated from EtOAc by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and further identified by mass spectrometry (MS). The inhibitory effect of ellagic acid, gallic acid and punicalagin A&B were evaluated on the production of LPS-induced NO by Griess reagent, PGE-2 and IL-6 by immunoassay kit and prostaglandin E2 competitive ELISA kit, and COX-2 by Western blotting. Results Ellagic acid, gallic acid and punicalagin A&B potentially inhibited LPS-induced NO, PGE-2 and IL-6 production. Conclusion The results indicate that ellagic acid, gallic acid and punicalagin may be the compounds responsible for the anti-inflammatory potential of P. granatum.
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Abstract
Recent progress in cancer immunotherapy emphasizes the importance of understanding immune-regulatory pathways in tumours. Dysfunction of antitumour T cells may be due to mechanisms that are evolutionarily conserved or acquired by somatic mutations. The dysfunctional state of T cells has been termed 'exhaustion', on the basis of similarities to dysfunctional T cells in chronic infections. However, despite shared properties, recent studies have identified marked differences between T cell dysfunction in cancer and chronic infection. In this Review, we discuss T cell-intrinsic molecular alterations and metabolic communication in the tumour microenvironment. Identification of the underlying molecular drivers of T cell dysfunction is essential for the continued progress of cancer research and therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel E Speiser
- Department of Oncology, Ludwig Cancer Research, University of Lausanne, Biopole 3 - 02DB92, Chemin des Boveresses 155, CH-1066 Epalinges, Switzerland.,Campbell Family Institute for Breast Cancer Research, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Ontario Cancer Institute, 610 University Avenue, Toronto, Ontario M5G 2M9, Canada
| | - Ping-Chih Ho
- Department of Oncology, Ludwig Cancer Research, University of Lausanne, Biopole 3 - 02DB92, Chemin des Boveresses 155, CH-1066 Epalinges, Switzerland
| | - Grégory Verdeil
- Department of Oncology, Ludwig Cancer Research, University of Lausanne, Biopole 3 - 02DB92, Chemin des Boveresses 155, CH-1066 Epalinges, Switzerland
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Totary-Jain H, Sionov RV, Gallily R. Indomethacin sensitizes resistant transformed cells to macrophage cytotoxicity. Immunol Lett 2016; 176:1-7. [PMID: 27210423 PMCID: PMC6011832 DOI: 10.1016/j.imlet.2016.05.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2016] [Revised: 05/15/2016] [Accepted: 05/16/2016] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Activated macrophages are well known to exhibit anti-tumor properties. However, certain cell types show intrinsic resistance. Searching for a mechanism that could explain this phenomenon, we observed that the supernatant of resistant cells could confer resistance to otherwise sensitive tumor cells, suggesting the presence of a secreted suppressor factor. The effect was abolished upon dialysis, indicating that the suppressor factor has a low molecular weight. Further studies showed that prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) is secreted by the resistant tumor cells and that inhibition of PGE2 production by indomethacin, a cyclooxygenase (COX) inhibitor, eliminated the macrophage suppression factor from the supernatant, and sensitized the resistant tumor cells to macrophage cytotoxicity. This study emphasizes the important role of tumor-secreted PGE2 in escaping macrophage surveillance and justifies the use of COX inhibitors as an adjuvant for improving tumor immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hana Totary-Jain
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Physiology, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA.
| | - Ronit Vogt Sionov
- Department of Developmental Biology and Cancer Research, IMRIC, The Hadassah Medical School-Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Israel.
| | - Ruth Gallily
- The Lautenberg Center for General and Tumor Immunology, The Hadassah Medical School-Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Israel.
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Guerrero NA, Camacho M, Vila L, Íñiguez MA, Chillón-Marinas C, Cuervo H, Poveda C, Fresno M, Gironès N. Cyclooxygenase-2 and Prostaglandin E2 Signaling through Prostaglandin Receptor EP-2 Favor the Development of Myocarditis during Acute Trypanosoma cruzi Infection. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2015; 9:e0004025. [PMID: 26305786 PMCID: PMC4549243 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0004025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2015] [Accepted: 08/02/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammation plays an important role in the pathophysiology of Chagas disease, caused by Trypanosoma cruzi. Prostanoids are regulators of homeostasis and inflammation and are produced mainly by myeloid cells, being cyclooxygenases, COX-1 and COX-2, the key enzymes in their biosynthesis from arachidonic acid (AA). Here, we have investigated the expression of enzymes involved in AA metabolism during T. cruzi infection. Our results show an increase in the expression of several of these enzymes in acute T. cruzi infected heart. Interestingly, COX-2 was expressed by CD68+ myeloid heart-infiltrating cells. In addition, infiltrating myeloid CD11b+Ly6G- cells purified from infected heart tissue express COX-2 and produce prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) ex vivo. T. cruzi infections in COX-2 or PGE2-dependent prostaglandin receptor EP-2 deficient mice indicate that both, COX-2 and EP-2 signaling contribute significantly to the heart leukocyte infiltration and to the release of chemokines and inflammatory cytokines in the heart of T. cruzi infected mice. In conclusion, COX-2 plays a detrimental role in acute Chagas disease myocarditis and points to COX-2 as a potential target for immune intervention. The role of prostanoids, products of the arachidonic acid pathway, during Trypanosoma cruzi infection has been studied by inhibiting key enzymes in prostanoid synthesis as cyclooxygenases (COX-1 and COX-2), with opposed results. Here we analyzed the expression of cyclooxygenases, prostanoid synthases and receptors in the heart of mice susceptible and non-susceptible to T. cruzi infection and found that they were highly increased respect to non-infected mice. We previously identified the presence of myeloid-derived suppressor cells expressing arginase-1 (Arg-1). Further analysis showed that COX-2 was expressed in Arg-1- myeloid cells in heart tissue, suggesting the existence of different myeloid populations involved in the leukocyte infiltration (COX-2+Arg-1-) and tissue repair (COX-2-Arg-1+). Mice deficient in the expression of COX-2 and the prostaglandin PGE2 receptor EP-2 infected with T. cruzi showed a marked reduction in the cardiac inflammatory infiltration in comparison with infected wild type mice, indicating an adverse effect of COX-2 and PGE2 signaling through EP-2 receptor in the development of myocarditis during acute T. cruzi infection, suggesting the possibility of immune intervention using COX inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mercedes Camacho
- Institut de Recerca de l'Hospital de la Santa Creu i de Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Luis Vila
- Institut de Recerca de l'Hospital de la Santa Creu i de Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Miguel A. Íñiguez
- Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa, CSIC-UAM, Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de la Princesa, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Henar Cuervo
- Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa, CSIC-UAM, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Obstetrics/Gynecology, Columbia University Medical Center, Columbia University, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Cristina Poveda
- Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa, CSIC-UAM, Madrid, Spain
| | - Manuel Fresno
- Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa, CSIC-UAM, Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de la Princesa, Madrid, Spain
| | - Núria Gironès
- Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa, CSIC-UAM, Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de la Princesa, Madrid, Spain
- * E-mail:
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Figueroa F, Motta A, Acosta M, Mohamed F, Oliveros L, Forneris M. Role of macrophage secretions on rat polycystic ovary: its effect on apoptosis. Reproduction 2015; 150:437-48. [PMID: 26264225 DOI: 10.1530/rep-15-0216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2015] [Accepted: 08/11/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Polycystic ovarian syndrome is the most common endocrine disorder among women of reproductive age. Little is known about its etiology, although the evidence suggests an intrinsic ovarian abnormality in which endocrine, metabolic, neural and immune factors would be involved. In this work, the effects of macrophage (MO) secretion on ovarian apoptosis in a polycystic ovary syndrome rat model (PCO rat) induced by estradiol valerate are studied. Spleen MO secretions were used to stimulate ovaries and ovarian interstitial and granulosa cells from both PCO and control rats. Ovarian hormones and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) were measured by RIA; ovarian mRNA levels of Bax, Bcl2 and NFkB by RT-PCR; and ovarian inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) by western blot. The number of apoptotic cells was evaluated by TUNEL. In the PCO ovary, the MO secretions from PCO rats increased the Bax and NFkB mRNA expressions and increased TUNEL staining in both granulosa and theca cells. In addition, the PCO MO secretions produced a decrease of nitric oxide release, iNOS protein level and PGE2 content in the PCO ovary, and it also induced an increase of androstenedione production by PCO interstitial cells, in comparison with control MO secretions. Considering these results and knowing that testosterone stimulates tumour necrosis factor-α production by PCO MO modifying ovarian response by increasing androstenedione, it is reasonable to suggest that the increase of androgens stimulated in ovarian cells by PCO MO secretions could in turn stimulate the cytokine production from MO, thus maintaining an apoptotic vicious cycle in the PCO ovary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florencia Figueroa
- Laboratorio de Biología de la ReproducciónyÁrea MorfologíaDepartamento de Bioquímica y Ciencias Biológicas, Facultad de Química, Bioquímica y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional de San Luis, ArgentinaLaboratorio de Fisio-patología Ovárica (CEFYBO)Universidad de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Alicia Motta
- Laboratorio de Biología de la ReproducciónyÁrea MorfologíaDepartamento de Bioquímica y Ciencias Biológicas, Facultad de Química, Bioquímica y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional de San Luis, ArgentinaLaboratorio de Fisio-patología Ovárica (CEFYBO)Universidad de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Mariano Acosta
- Laboratorio de Biología de la ReproducciónyÁrea MorfologíaDepartamento de Bioquímica y Ciencias Biológicas, Facultad de Química, Bioquímica y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional de San Luis, ArgentinaLaboratorio de Fisio-patología Ovárica (CEFYBO)Universidad de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Fabian Mohamed
- Laboratorio de Biología de la ReproducciónyÁrea MorfologíaDepartamento de Bioquímica y Ciencias Biológicas, Facultad de Química, Bioquímica y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional de San Luis, ArgentinaLaboratorio de Fisio-patología Ovárica (CEFYBO)Universidad de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Liliana Oliveros
- Laboratorio de Biología de la ReproducciónyÁrea MorfologíaDepartamento de Bioquímica y Ciencias Biológicas, Facultad de Química, Bioquímica y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional de San Luis, ArgentinaLaboratorio de Fisio-patología Ovárica (CEFYBO)Universidad de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Myriam Forneris
- Laboratorio de Biología de la ReproducciónyÁrea MorfologíaDepartamento de Bioquímica y Ciencias Biológicas, Facultad de Química, Bioquímica y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional de San Luis, ArgentinaLaboratorio de Fisio-patología Ovárica (CEFYBO)Universidad de Buenos Aires, Argentina
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KAG-308, a newly-identified EP4-selective agonist shows efficacy for treating ulcerative colitis and can bring about lower risk of colorectal carcinogenesis by oral administration. Eur J Pharmacol 2015; 754:179-89. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2015.02.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2014] [Revised: 02/10/2015] [Accepted: 02/11/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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Joo Kim C, Hara E, Shimizu A, Sugai M, Kimura S. Activation of B1a Cells in Peritoneal Cavity by T Cell-Independent Antigen Expressed on Polymeric Micelle. J Pharm Sci 2015; 104:1839-47. [DOI: 10.1002/jps.24397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2014] [Revised: 01/16/2015] [Accepted: 01/30/2015] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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Onishi M, Ozasa K, Kobiyama K, Ohata K, Kitano M, Taniguchi K, Homma T, Kobayashi M, Sato A, Katakai Y, Yasutomi Y, Wijaya E, Igarashi Y, Nakatsu N, Ise W, Inoue T, Yamada H, Vandenbon A, Standley DM, Kurosaki T, Coban C, Aoshi T, Kuroda E, Ishii KJ. Hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin spikes local inflammation that induces Th2 cell and T follicular helper cell responses to the coadministered antigen. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2015; 194:2673-82. [PMID: 25681338 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1402027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Cyclodextrins are commonly used as a safe excipient to enhance the solubility and bioavailability of hydrophobic pharmaceutical agents. Their efficacies and mechanisms as drug-delivery systems have been investigated for decades, but their immunological properties have not been examined. In this study, we reprofiled hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin (HP-β-CD) as a vaccine adjuvant and found that it acts as a potent and unique adjuvant. HP-β-CD triggered the innate immune response at the injection site, was trapped by MARCO(+) macrophages, increased Ag uptake by dendritic cells, and facilitated the generation of T follicular helper cells in the draining lymph nodes. It significantly enhanced Ag-specific Th2 and IgG Ab responses as potently as did the conventional adjuvant, aluminum salt (alum), whereas its ability to induce Ag-specific IgE was less than that of alum. At the injection site, HP-β-CD induced the temporary release of host dsDNA, a damage-associated molecular pattern. DNase-treated mice, MyD88-deficient mice, and TBK1-deficient mice showed significantly reduced Ab responses after immunization with this adjuvant. Finally, we demonstrated that HP-β-CD-adjuvanted influenza hemagglutinin split vaccine protected against a lethal challenge with a clinically isolated pandemic H1N1 influenza virus, and the adjuvant effect of HP-β-CD was demonstrated in cynomolgus macaques. Our results suggest that HP-β-CD acts as a potent MyD88- and TBK1-dependent T follicular helper cell adjuvant and is readily applicable to various vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Motoyasu Onishi
- Laboratory of Adjuvant Innovation, National Institute of Biomedical Innovation, Osaka 567-0085, Japan; Laboratory of Vaccine Science, Immunology Frontier Research Center, World Premier Institute, Osaka University, Osaka 565-0871, Japan; Infectious Diseases, Medicinal Research Laboratories, Shionogi & Co., Ltd., Osaka 561-0825, Japan
| | - Koji Ozasa
- Laboratory of Adjuvant Innovation, National Institute of Biomedical Innovation, Osaka 567-0085, Japan
| | - Kouji Kobiyama
- Laboratory of Adjuvant Innovation, National Institute of Biomedical Innovation, Osaka 567-0085, Japan; Laboratory of Vaccine Science, Immunology Frontier Research Center, World Premier Institute, Osaka University, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Keiichi Ohata
- Laboratory of Adjuvant Innovation, National Institute of Biomedical Innovation, Osaka 567-0085, Japan; Laboratory of Vaccine Science, Immunology Frontier Research Center, World Premier Institute, Osaka University, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Mitsutaka Kitano
- Infectious Diseases, Medicinal Research Laboratories, Shionogi & Co., Ltd., Osaka 561-0825, Japan
| | - Keiichi Taniguchi
- Infectious Diseases, Medicinal Research Laboratories, Shionogi & Co., Ltd., Osaka 561-0825, Japan
| | - Tomoyuki Homma
- Infectious Diseases, Medicinal Research Laboratories, Shionogi & Co., Ltd., Osaka 561-0825, Japan
| | - Masanori Kobayashi
- Infectious Diseases, Medicinal Research Laboratories, Shionogi & Co., Ltd., Osaka 561-0825, Japan
| | - Akihiko Sato
- Infectious Diseases, Medicinal Research Laboratories, Shionogi & Co., Ltd., Osaka 561-0825, Japan
| | - Yuko Katakai
- Corporation for the Production and Research of Laboratory Primates, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0843, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Yasutomi
- Tsukuba Primate Research Center, National Institute of Biomedical Innovation, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0843, Japan
| | - Edward Wijaya
- System Immunology Laboratory, Immunology Frontier Research Center, World Premier Institute, Osaka University, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Yoshinobu Igarashi
- Toxicogenomics Project, National Institute of Biomedical Innovation, Osaka 567-0085, Japan
| | - Noriyuki Nakatsu
- Toxicogenomics Project, National Institute of Biomedical Innovation, Osaka 567-0085, Japan
| | - Wataru Ise
- Laboratory of Lymphocyte Differentiation, Immunology Frontier Research Center, World Premier Institute, Osaka University, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Takeshi Inoue
- Laboratory of Lymphocyte Differentiation, Immunology Frontier Research Center, World Premier Institute, Osaka University, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Yamada
- Toxicogenomics Project, National Institute of Biomedical Innovation, Osaka 567-0085, Japan
| | - Alexis Vandenbon
- System Immunology Laboratory, Immunology Frontier Research Center, World Premier Institute, Osaka University, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Daron M Standley
- System Immunology Laboratory, Immunology Frontier Research Center, World Premier Institute, Osaka University, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Kurosaki
- Laboratory of Lymphocyte Differentiation, Immunology Frontier Research Center, World Premier Institute, Osaka University, Osaka 565-0871, Japan; Laboratory for Lymphocyte Differentiation, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Kanagawa 230-0045, Japan; and
| | - Cevayir Coban
- Laboratory of Malaria Immunology, Immunology Frontier Research Center, World Premier Institute, Osaka University, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Taiki Aoshi
- Laboratory of Adjuvant Innovation, National Institute of Biomedical Innovation, Osaka 567-0085, Japan; Laboratory of Vaccine Science, Immunology Frontier Research Center, World Premier Institute, Osaka University, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Etsushi Kuroda
- Laboratory of Adjuvant Innovation, National Institute of Biomedical Innovation, Osaka 567-0085, Japan; Laboratory of Vaccine Science, Immunology Frontier Research Center, World Premier Institute, Osaka University, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Ken J Ishii
- Laboratory of Adjuvant Innovation, National Institute of Biomedical Innovation, Osaka 567-0085, Japan; Laboratory of Vaccine Science, Immunology Frontier Research Center, World Premier Institute, Osaka University, Osaka 565-0871, Japan;
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Barminko JA, Nativ NI, Schloss R, Yarmush ML. Fractional factorial design to investigate stromal cell regulation of macrophage plasticity. Biotechnol Bioeng 2014; 111:2239-51. [PMID: 24891120 PMCID: PMC5928506 DOI: 10.1002/bit.25282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2013] [Revised: 04/29/2014] [Accepted: 04/30/2014] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Understanding the regulatory networks which control specific macrophage phenotypes is essential in identifying novel targets to correct macrophage mediated clinical disorders, often accompanied by inflammatory events. Since mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) have been shown to play key roles in regulating immune functions predominantly via a large number of secreted products, we used a fractional factorial approach to streamline experimental evaluation of MSC mediated inflammatory macrophage regulation. Our macrophage reprogramming metrics, human bone marrow MSC attenuation of macrophage pro-inflammatory M1 TNFα secretion and simultaneous enhanced expression of the M2 macrophage marker, CD206, were used as analysis endpoints. Objective evaluation of a panel of MSC secreted mediators indicated that PGE2 alone was sufficient in facilitating macrophage reprogramming, while IL4 only provided partial reprogramming. Inhibiting stromal cell PGE2 secretion with Indomethacin, reversed the macrophage reprogramming effect. PGE2 reprogramming was mediated through the EP4 receptor and indirectly through the CREB signaling pathway as GSK3 specific inhibitors induced M1 macrophages to express CD206. This reprogramming pathway functioned independently from the M1 suppression pathway, as neither CREB nor GSK3 inhibition reversed PGE2 TNF-α secretion attenuation. In conclusion, fractional factorial experimental design identified stromal derived PGE2 as the factor most important in facilitating macrophage reprogramming, albeit via two unique pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey A Barminko
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, 599 Taylor Road, Piscataway, New Jersey, 08854
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Roy R, Kumar D, Sharma A, Gupta P, Chaudhari BP, Tripathi A, Das M, Dwivedi PD. ZnO nanoparticles induced adjuvant effect via toll-like receptors and Src signaling in Balb/c mice. Toxicol Lett 2014; 230:421-33. [DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2014.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2014] [Revised: 08/01/2014] [Accepted: 08/10/2014] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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Song L, Weng D, Dai W, Tang W, Chen S, Li C, Chen Y, Liu F, Chen J. Th17 can regulate silica-induced lung inflammation through an IL-1β-dependent mechanism. J Cell Mol Med 2014; 18:1773-84. [PMID: 25091058 PMCID: PMC4196653 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.12341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2013] [Accepted: 05/14/2014] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Silicosis is an occupational lung disease caused by the inhalation of silica dust and characterized by lung inflammation and fibrosis. Interleukin (IL)-1β is induced by silica and functions as the key pro-inflammatory cytokine in this process. The Th17 response, which is induced by IL-1β, has been reported very important in chronic human lung inflammatory diseases. To elucidate the underlying mechanisms of IL-1β and IL-17 in silicosis, we used anakinra and an anti-IL-17 monoclonal antibody (mAb) to block the receptor of IL-1β (IL-RI) and IL-17, respectively, in a mouse model of silicosis. We observed increased IL-1β expression and an enhanced Th17 response after silica instillation. Treatment with an IL-1 type I receptor (IL-1RI) antagonist anakinra substantially decreased silica-induced lung inflammation and the Th17 response. Lung inflammation and the accumulation of inflammatory cells were attenuated in the IL-17-neutralized silicosis group. IL-17 may promote lung inflammation by modulating the differentiation of Th1 and regulatory T cells (Tregs) and by regulating the production of IL-22 and IL-1β during the lung inflammation of silicosis. Silica may induce IL-1β production from alveolar macrophages and promote inflammation by initiating a Th17 response via an IL-1β/IL-1RI-dependent mechanism. The Th17 response could induce lung inflammation during the pathogenesis of silicosis by regulating the homoeostasis of the Th immune responses and affecting the production of IL-22 and IL-1β. This study describes a potentially important inflammatory mechanism of silicosis that may bring about novel therapies for this inflammatory and fibrotic disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laiyu Song
- Division of Pneumoconiosis, School of Public Health, China Medical UniversityShenyang, China
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Dalian Medical UniversityDalian, China
| | - Dong Weng
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of MedicineShanghai, China
| | - Wujing Dai
- Division of Pneumoconiosis, School of Public Health, China Medical UniversityShenyang, China
| | - Wen Tang
- Division of Pneumoconiosis, School of Public Health, China Medical UniversityShenyang, China
| | - Shi Chen
- Division of Pneumoconiosis, School of Public Health, China Medical UniversityShenyang, China
| | - Chao Li
- Division of Pneumoconiosis, School of Public Health, China Medical UniversityShenyang, China
| | - Ying Chen
- Division of Pneumoconiosis, School of Public Health, China Medical UniversityShenyang, China
| | - Fangwei Liu
- Division of Pneumoconiosis, School of Public Health, China Medical UniversityShenyang, China
| | - Jie Chen
- Division of Pneumoconiosis, School of Public Health, China Medical UniversityShenyang, China
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Mise-Omata S, Alles N, Fukazawa T, Aoki K, Ohya K, Jimi E, Obata Y, Doi T. NF-κB RELA-deficient bone marrow macrophages fail to support bone formation and to maintain the hematopoietic niche after lethal irradiation and stem cell transplantation. Int Immunol 2014; 26:607-18. [DOI: 10.1093/intimm/dxu062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
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Anti-Inflammatory Activities of Methanol Extract ofMastixia arboreaC.B. Clarke as to Mouse Macrophage and Paw Edema. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2014; 77:2356-61. [DOI: 10.1271/bbb.130429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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Allam AB, von Chamier M, Brown MB, Reyes L. Immune profiling of BALB/C and C57BL/6 mice reveals a correlation between Ureaplasma parvum-Induced fetal inflammatory response syndrome-like pathology and increased placental expression of TLR2 and CD14. Am J Reprod Immunol 2014; 71:241-51. [PMID: 24372928 PMCID: PMC3927638 DOI: 10.1111/aji.12192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2013] [Accepted: 12/01/2013] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
PROBLEM Both BALB/c and C57BL/6 mice are susceptible to intrauterine infection with Ureaplasma parvum, but only protypical TH2/M2 BALB/c mice develop severe chorioamnionitis, fetal infection, and fetal inflammatory response syndrome-like (FIRS) pathology. METHOD OF STUDY Microscopy, gene expression analysis, and ELISA were used to identify placental innate immune responses relevant to macrophage polarity, severe chorioamnionitis, and fetal infection. RESULTS Both mouse strains exhibited a pro-M2 cytokine profile at the maternal/fetal interface. In BALB/c mice, expression of CD14 and TLRs 1, 2, 6 was increased in infected placentas; TLR2 and CD14 were localized to neutrophils. Increased TLR2/CD14 was also observed in BALB/c syncytiotrophoblasts in tissues with pathological evidence of FIRS. In contrast, expression in C57BL/6 placentas was either unchanged or down-regulated. CONCLUSION Our findings show a link between increased syncytiotrophoblast expression of CD14/TLR2 and FIRS-like pathology in BALB/c mice. Functional studies are required to determine if CD14 is contributing to fetal morbidity during chorioamnionitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayman B. Allam
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Pathology and the D. H. Barron Reproductive and Perinatal Biology Research Program, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Maria von Chamier
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Pathology and the D. H. Barron Reproductive and Perinatal Biology Research Program, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Mary B. Brown
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Pathology and the D. H. Barron Reproductive and Perinatal Biology Research Program, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Leticia Reyes
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Pathology and the D. H. Barron Reproductive and Perinatal Biology Research Program, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
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Kim HS, Park JW, Kwon OK, Kim JH, Oh SR, Lee HK, Bach TT, Quang BH, Ahn KS. Anti-inflammatory activity of a methanol extract from Ardisia tinctoria on mouse macrophages and paw edema. Mol Med Rep 2014; 9:1388-94. [PMID: 24534870 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2014.1941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2013] [Accepted: 01/22/2014] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Ardisia tinctoria (AT) is a plant of the Myrsinaceae family. No studies on its anti-inflammatory effects have yet been reported. This study investigated the anti-inflammatory activity of AT. A non-cytotoxic methanol extract of AT inhibited the expression of inducible NO synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), leading to significantly reduced levels of nitric oxide (NO) and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) and of two proteins regulated by these, interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and IL-6, in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophage cells. The thickness of paw edema induced in vivo in mice by carrageenan administration was effectively reduced by the AT extract. Translocation of the nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) subunit 65 (p65) into the nucleus and phosphorylation of mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase (MEK) and extracellular signal-related kinase (ERK) were inhibited by the AT extract. Our results indicated that a methanol extract of AT downregulates the inflammatory response by blocking phosphorylation of MEK and ERK and activation of NF-κB. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study of anti-inflammatory effects of an AT extract, and demonstrates its potential in the treatment of inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui-Seong Kim
- Biomolecular Science, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon 305‑806, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Won Park
- Department of Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 136‑713, Republic of Korea
| | - Ok-Kyoung Kwon
- Department of Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 305-764, Republic of Korea
| | - Jea-Hong Kim
- Department of Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 136‑713, Republic of Korea
| | - Sei-Ryang Oh
- Biomolecular Science, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon 305‑806, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeong-Kyu Lee
- Biomolecular Science, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon 305‑806, Republic of Korea
| | - Tran The Bach
- Department of Botany, Institute of Ecology and Biological Resources,Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Hanoi 10307, Vietnam
| | - Bui Hong Quang
- Department of Botany, Institute of Ecology and Biological Resources,Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Hanoi 10307, Vietnam
| | - Kyung-Seop Ahn
- Natural Medicine Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chungcheongbuk 363-883, Republic of Korea
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Understanding clinical strategies that may impact tumour growth and metastatic spread at the time of cancer surgery. Best Pract Res Clin Anaesthesiol 2013; 27:427-39. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bpa.2013.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2013] [Accepted: 10/07/2013] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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Kuroda E, Coban C, Ishii KJ. Particulate adjuvant and innate immunity: past achievements, present findings, and future prospects. Int Rev Immunol 2013; 32:209-20. [PMID: 23570316 PMCID: PMC3632271 DOI: 10.3109/08830185.2013.773326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Particulates and crystals stimulate the immune system to induce inflammatory responses. Several nanometer- to micrometer-sized particulates, such as particle matter 2.5 (PM2.5), diesel particles, and sand dust, induce pulmonary inflammation and allergic asthma. Conversely, nanometer- to micrometer-sized crystal, sphere, and hydrogel forms of aluminum salts (referred to as “alum”) have been used as vaccine adjuvants to enhance antibody responses in animals and humans. Although most of these particulates induce type-2 immune responses in vivo, the molecular and immunological mechanisms of action as a vaccine adjuvant are poorly understood. In this review, recent advances in particulate adjuvant research from the standpoint of innate immune responses are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Etsushi Kuroda
- Laboratory of Vaccine Science, WPI Immunology Frontier Research Center (IFReC), Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
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Gomes JAS, Molica AM, Keesen TSL, Morato MJF, de Araujo FF, Fares RCG, Fiuza JA, Chaves AT, Pinheiro V, Nunes MDCP, Correa-Oliveira R, da Costa Rocha MO. Inflammatory mediators from monocytes down-regulate cellular proliferation and enhance cytokines production in patients with polar clinical forms of Chagas disease. Hum Immunol 2013; 75:20-8. [PMID: 24071371 DOI: 10.1016/j.humimm.2013.09.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2013] [Revised: 08/25/2013] [Accepted: 09/11/2013] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
Exposure to Trypanosoma cruzi parasites induces monocytes and macrophages to produce various endogenous mediators, including prostaglandins and cytokines. To clarify the involvement of monocytes as an important source of inflammatory mediators in Chagas disease patients, we evaluated PBMC before and after depletion of adherent cells (monocytes) from patients with indeterminate (IND) and cardiac (CARD) clinical forms and from non-infected individuals (NI). We demonstrated that after the partial depletion of adherent cells, production of PGE2 was slightly decreased in patients with Chagas disease. Inhibition of the cells by indomethacin increased the proliferation in PBMC cells from patients after antigen stimulation. Pro-inflammatory cytokines as IL-2 and IFN-γ also had a greater decrease after partial depletion of adherent cells in both clinical forms of Chagas disease. IL-10 and IL-5 levels were also reduced after partial depletion of adherent cells both in IND and CARD patients. In addition, we evaluated the APC potential of B cells and observed that the MHCII and CD80 molecules had an increased expression after partial depletion of most monocytes in all groups. Thus, inflammatory mediators produced by monocytes seem to be important to modulate immune responses in Chagas disease by regulating the processes of inflammation and antigen presentation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliana Assis Silva Gomes
- Department of Morphology, Biological Sciences Institute, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais 31270-901, Brazil; School of Medicine, Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences: Infectology in Tropical Medicine, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais 30130-100, Brazil; René Rachou Research Center, FIOCRUZ, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais 30190-002, Brazil.
| | - Andreia Maria Molica
- School of Medicine, Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences: Infectology in Tropical Medicine, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais 30130-100, Brazil; René Rachou Research Center, FIOCRUZ, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais 30190-002, Brazil
| | - Tatjana Souza Lima Keesen
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Federal University of Paraíba, João Pessoa, Paraíba, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | - Ana Thereza Chaves
- René Rachou Research Center, FIOCRUZ, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais 30190-002, Brazil
| | - Vladimir Pinheiro
- School of Medicine, Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences: Infectology in Tropical Medicine, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais 30130-100, Brazil; René Rachou Research Center, FIOCRUZ, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais 30190-002, Brazil
| | - Maria do Carmo Pereira Nunes
- School of Medicine, Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences: Infectology in Tropical Medicine, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais 30130-100, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo Correa-Oliveira
- René Rachou Research Center, FIOCRUZ, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais 30190-002, Brazil; National Institute of Science and Technology on Tropical Diseases - INCT-DT, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Manoel Otávio da Costa Rocha
- School of Medicine, Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences: Infectology in Tropical Medicine, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais 30130-100, Brazil
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Yokoyama U, Iwatsubo K, Umemura M, Fujita T, Ishikawa Y. The Prostanoid EP4 Receptor and Its Signaling Pathway. Pharmacol Rev 2013; 65:1010-52. [DOI: 10.1124/pr.112.007195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 183] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
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Tsukamoto H, Fukudome K, Takao S, Tsuneyoshi N, Ohta S, Nagai Y, Ihara H, Miyake K, Ikeda Y, Kimoto M. Reduced Surface Expression of TLR4 by a V254I Point Mutation Accounts for the Low Lipopolysaccharide Responder Phenotype of BALB/c B Cells. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2012. [DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1201047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Li H, Edin ML, Gruzdev A, Cheng J, Bradbury JA, Graves JP, DeGraff LM, Zeldin DC. Regulation of T helper cell subsets by cyclooxygenases and their metabolites. Prostaglandins Other Lipid Mediat 2012. [PMID: 23201570 DOI: 10.1016/j.prostaglandins.2012.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Cyclooxygenases and their metabolites are important regulators of inflammatory responses and play critical roles in regulating the differentiation of T helper cell subsets in inflammatory diseases. In this review, we highlight new information on regulation of T helper cell subsets by cyclooxygenases and their metabolites. Prostanoids influence cytokine production by both antigen presenting cells and T cells to regulate the differentiation of naïve CD4(+) T cells to Th1, Th2 and Th17 cell phenotypes. Cyclooxygenases and PGE2 generally exacerbate Th2 and Th17 phenotypes, while suppressing Th1 differentiation. Thus, cycloxygenases may play a critical role in diseases that involve immune cell dysfunction. Targeting of cyclooxygenases and their eicosanoid products may represent a new approach for treatment of inflammatory diseases, tumors and autoimmune disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Li
- Laboratory of Respiratory Biology, Division of Intramural Research, NIEHS/NIH, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA
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O'Brien EJO, Frank CB, Shrive NG, Hallgrímsson B, Hart DA. Heterotopic mineralization (ossification or calcification) in tendinopathy or following surgical tendon trauma. Int J Exp Pathol 2012; 93:319-31. [PMID: 22974213 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2613.2012.00829.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Heterotopic tendon mineralization (ossification or calcification), which may be a feature of tendinopathy or which may develop following surgical trauma (repair or graft harvest), has not received much attention. The purpose of this article is to review the prevalence, mechanisms and consequences of heterotopic tendon mineralization and to identify the gaps in our current understanding. We focus on endochondral heterotopic ossification and draw on knowledge of the mechanisms of this process in other tissues and conditions. Finally, we introduce a novel murine Achilles tendon needle injury model, which will enable us to further study the mechanisms and biomechanical consequences of tendon mineralization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Etienne J O O'Brien
- The McCaig Institute for Bone & Joint Health, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
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Prostaglandin E2 and the suppression of phagocyte innate immune responses in different organs. Mediators Inflamm 2012; 2012:327568. [PMID: 23024463 PMCID: PMC3449139 DOI: 10.1155/2012/327568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2012] [Revised: 04/19/2012] [Accepted: 05/03/2012] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The local and systemic production of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) and its actions in phagocytes lead to immunosuppressive conditions. PGE2 is produced at high levels during inflammation, and its suppressive effects are caused by the ligation of the E prostanoid receptors EP2 and EP4, which results in the production of cyclic AMP. However, PGE2 also exhibits immunostimulatory properties due to binding to EP3, which results in decreased cAMP levels. The various guanine nucleotide-binding proteins (G proteins) that are coupled to the different EP receptors account for the pleiotropic roles of PGE2 in different disease states. Here, we discuss the production of PGE2 and the actions of this prostanoid in phagocytes from different tissues, the relative contribution of PGE2 to the modulation of innate immune responses, and the novel therapeutic opportunities that can be used to control inflammatory responses.
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