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Helal SA, Gerges SH, El-Kadi AOS. Enantioselectivity in some physiological and pathophysiological roles of hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acids. Drug Metab Rev 2024; 56:31-45. [PMID: 38358327 DOI: 10.1080/03602532.2023.2284110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 11/12/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2024]
Abstract
The phenomenon of chirality has been shown to greatly impact drug activities and effects. Different enantiomers may exhibit different effects in a certain biological condition or disease state. Cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzymes metabolize arachidonic acid (AA) into a large variety of metabolites with a wide range of activities. Hydroxylation of AA by CYP hydroxylases produces hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acids (HETEs), which are classified into mid-chain (5, 8, 9, 11, 12, and 15-HETE), subterminal (16-, 17-, 18- and 19-HETE) and terminal (20-HETE) HETEs. Except for 20-HETE, these metabolites exist as a racemic mixture of R and S enantiomers in the physiological system. The two enantiomers could have different degrees of activity or sometimes opposing effects. In this review article, we aimed to discuss the role of mid-chain and subterminal HETEs in different organs, importantly the heart and the kidneys. Moreover, we summarized their effects in some conditions such as neutrophil migration, inflammation, angiogenesis, and tumorigenesis, with a focus on the reported enantiospecific effects. We also reported some studies using genetically modified models to investigate the roles of HETEs in different conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara A Helal
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Samar H Gerges
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Ayman O S El-Kadi
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
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2
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Abstract
Inflammation and its timely resolution are critical to ensure effective host defense and appropriate tissue repair after injury and or infection. Chronic, unresolved inflammation typifies many prevalent pathologies. The key mediators that initiate and drive the inflammatory response are well defined and targeted by conventional anti-inflammatory therapeutics. More recently, there is a growing appreciation that specific mediators, including arachidonate-derived lipoxins, are generated in self-limiting inflammatory responses to promote the resolution of inflammation and endogenous repair mechanisms without compromising host defense. We discuss the proresolving biological actions of lipoxins and recent efforts to harness their therapeutic potential through the development of novel, potent lipoxin mimetics generated via efficient, modular stereoselective synthetic pathways. We consider the evidence that lipoxin mimetics may have applications in limiting inflammation and reversing fibrosis and the underlying mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catherine Godson
- Diabetes Complications Research Centre, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland;
- The Conway Institute, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
- School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Patrick Guiry
- Centre for Synthesis and Chemical Biology, School of Chemistry, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Eoin Brennan
- Diabetes Complications Research Centre, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland;
- The Conway Institute, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
- School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
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3
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Dardenne C, Salon M, Authier H, Meunier E, AlaEddine M, Bernad J, Bouschbacher M, Lefèvre L, Pipy B, Coste A. Topical Aspirin Administration Improves Cutaneous Wound Healing in Diabetic Mice Through a Phenotypic Switch of Wound Macrophages Toward an Anti-inflammatory and Proresolutive Profile Characterized by LXA4 Release. Diabetes 2022; 71:2181-2196. [PMID: 35796692 DOI: 10.2337/db20-1245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2020] [Accepted: 06/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Patients with diabetes present a persistent inflammatory process, leading to impaired wound healing. Since nonhealing diabetic wound management shows limited results, the introduction of advanced therapies targeting and correcting the inflammatory status of macrophages in chronic wounds could be an effective therapeutic strategy to stop the sustained inflammation and to return to a healing state. In an excisional skin injury in a diet-induced diabetic murine model, we demonstrate that topical administration of low-dose aspirin (36 μg/wound/day) improves cutaneous wound healing by increasing wound closure through the promotion of the inflammation resolution program of macrophages. This treatment increased efferocytosis of wound macrophages from aspirin-treated diabetic mice compared with untreated diabetic mice. We also show that aspirin treatment of high-fat-fed mice oriented the phenotype of wound macrophages toward an anti-inflammatory and proresolutive profile characterized by a decrease of LTB4 production. The use of diabetic mice deficient for 5-LOX or 12/15-LOX demonstrated that these two enzymes of acid arachidonic metabolism are essential for the beneficial effect of aspirin on wound healing. Thus, aspirin treatment modified the balance between pro- and anti-inflammatory eicosanoids by promoting the synthesis of proresolving LXA4 through 5-LOX, LTA4, 12/15-LOX signaling. In conclusion, the restoration of an anti-inflammatory and proresolutive phenotype of wound macrophages by the topical administration of low-dose aspirin represents a promising therapeutic approach in chronic wounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christophe Dardenne
- UMR 152 PHARMA-DEV, Université de Toulouse, and Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
| | - Marie Salon
- UMR 152 PHARMA-DEV, Université de Toulouse, and Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
- RESTORE Research Center, Université de Toulouse, INSERM, CNRS, EFS, Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
| | - Hélène Authier
- UMR 152 PHARMA-DEV, Université de Toulouse, and Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
- RESTORE Research Center, Université de Toulouse, INSERM, CNRS, EFS, Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
| | - Etienne Meunier
- UMR 5089, Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale, Toulouse, France
| | - Mohamad AlaEddine
- UMR 152 PHARMA-DEV, Université de Toulouse, and Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
| | - José Bernad
- UMR 152 PHARMA-DEV, Université de Toulouse, and Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
| | | | - Lise Lefèvre
- UMR 152 PHARMA-DEV, Université de Toulouse, and Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
- RESTORE Research Center, Université de Toulouse, INSERM, CNRS, EFS, Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
| | - Bernard Pipy
- UMR 152 PHARMA-DEV, Université de Toulouse, and Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
| | - Agnès Coste
- UMR 152 PHARMA-DEV, Université de Toulouse, and Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
- RESTORE Research Center, Université de Toulouse, INSERM, CNRS, EFS, Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
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Roberts H, Woodman AG, Baines KJ, Jeyarajah MJ, Bourque SL, Renaud SJ. Maternal Iron Deficiency Alters Trophoblast Differentiation and Placental Development in Rat Pregnancy. Endocrinology 2021; 162:6396887. [PMID: 34647996 PMCID: PMC8559528 DOI: 10.1210/endocr/bqab215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Iron deficiency, which occurs when iron demands chronically exceed intake, is prevalent in pregnant women. Iron deficiency during pregnancy poses major risks for the baby, including fetal growth restriction and long-term health complications. The placenta serves as the interface between a pregnant mother and her baby, and it ensures adequate nutrient provisions for the fetus. Thus, maternal iron deficiency may impact fetal growth and development by altering placental function. We used a rat model of diet-induced iron deficiency to investigate changes in placental growth and development. Pregnant Sprague-Dawley rats were fed either a low-iron or iron-replete diet starting 2 weeks before mating. Compared with controls, both maternal and fetal hemoglobin were reduced in dams fed low-iron diets. Iron deficiency decreased fetal liver and body weight, but not brain, heart, or kidney weight. Placental weight was increased in iron deficiency, due primarily to expansion of the placental junctional zone. The stimulatory effect of iron deficiency on junctional zone development was recapitulated in vitro, as exposure of rat trophoblast stem cells to the iron chelator deferoxamine increased differentiation toward junctional zone trophoblast subtypes. Gene expression analysis revealed 464 transcripts changed at least 1.5-fold (P < 0.05) in placentas from iron-deficient dams, including altered expression of genes associated with oxygen transport and lipoprotein metabolism. Expression of genes associated with iron homeostasis was unchanged despite differences in levels of their encoded proteins. Our findings reveal robust changes in placentation during maternal iron deficiency, which could contribute to the increased risk of fetal distress in these pregnancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannah Roberts
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, N6A5C1, Canada
| | - Andrew G Woodman
- Department of Anesthesiology & Pain Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, T6G2E1, Canada
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, T6G2E1, Canada
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, T6G2E1, Canada
| | - Kelly J Baines
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, N6A5C1, Canada
| | - Mariyan J Jeyarajah
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, N6A5C1, Canada
| | - Stephane L Bourque
- Department of Anesthesiology & Pain Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, T6G2E1, Canada
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, T6G2E1, Canada
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, T6G2E1, Canada
| | - Stephen J Renaud
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, N6A5C1, Canada
- Children’s Health Research Institute, Lawson Health Research Institute, London, Ontario, N6C2V5, Canada
- Correspondence: Stephen J. Renaud, PhD, Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Western Ontario, 1151 Richmond St, London, Ontario, Canada N6A5C1.
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Gonzalez-Brown VM, Ma'ayeh M, Kniss DA, Cackovic M, Landon MB, Rood KM. Low-dose aspirin increases 15-epi-lipoxins A 4 in pregnancies at high-risk for developing preeclampsia. Pregnancy Hypertens 2021; 26:75-78. [PMID: 34563982 DOI: 10.1016/j.preghy.2021.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2021] [Revised: 06/21/2021] [Accepted: 09/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND LDA triggers biosynthesis of endogenous anti-inflammatory molecules, aspirin-triggered 15-epi-lipoxin A4 (15-epi-LXA4), which may counteract inflammatory process of preeclampsia (PE), and play role in LDA's mechanism of action in PE prevention in high-risk patients. OBJECTIVE Investigate the effects of daily LDA on levels of 15-epi-LXA4 in pregnancies at high-risk for developing PE. MATERIALS AND METHODS Secondary analysis of multi-centered randomized controlled trial investigating effects of daily LDA (60 mg) in high-risk pregnancies. Maternal samples were drawn at three points: before LDA initiation (13-26 weeks' gestation), 24-28 weeks' gestation (at least two weeks after LDA) and 34-36 weeks' gestation. 15-epi-LXA4 levels were measured by ELISA. RESULTS Analysis included 82 patients: 63 receiving daily LDA and 29 receiving daily placebo starting between 13 and 25 weeks gestation. Prior to randomization, baseline 15-epi-LXA4 levels were similar between both groups (75.9 pg/mL [IQR; 63.8-114.0] vs 136.2 pg/mL [52.4-476.2]; p = 0.10). Patients receiving daily LDA were noted to have significantly increased levels of 15-epi-LXA4 after LDA administration (136.2 pg/mL [IQR; 52.4-476.2] vs 1758.2 pg/mL [905.4-6638.5]; p < 0.001). They also had higher 15-epi-LXA4 levels compared to those receiving placebo at 24-28 weeks' (50.3 [38.1-94.2] vs 1758.2 [905.4-6638.5]; p < 0.001 and 34-38 weeks' gestation (57.9 [41.9-76.7] vs 2310.3 pg/mL [656.9-10609.4]; p < 0.001). After LDA administration in the second trimester, patients who developed PE had decrease in 15-epi-LXA4 levels compared to those without PE (942 pg/mL [348.3-1810.3] vs 1758.2 pg/mL [905.4-6638.5]; p = 0.129). CONCLUSION Daily LDA administration increases 15-epi-LXA4 levels in high-risk pregnancies for PE. In LDA group, pregnancies complicated by PE have lower levels of 15-epi-LXA4 compared to pregnancies without PE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veronica M Gonzalez-Brown
- Division of Maternal Fetal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, San Antonio Uniformed Services Health Science Consortium, Brooke Army Medical Center, Ft Sam Houston, TX, United States.
| | - Marwan Ma'ayeh
- Division of Maternal Fetal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Douglas A Kniss
- Division of Maternal Fetal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Michael Cackovic
- Division of Maternal Fetal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Mark B Landon
- Division of Maternal Fetal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Kara M Rood
- Division of Maternal Fetal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH, United States
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Lim DH, Lee EJ, Lee HS, Kim DH, Lee JH, Jeong MR, Hong S, Lee CK, Yoo B, Youn J, Kim YG. Acetylated Diacylglycerol 1-palmitoyl-2-linoleoyl-3-acetyl-rac-glycerol in Autoimmune Arthritis and Interstitial Lung Disease in SKG Mice. Biomedicines 2021; 9:1095. [PMID: 34572282 PMCID: PMC8465505 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9091095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Revised: 08/22/2021] [Accepted: 08/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Acetylated diacylglycerol 1-palmitoyl-2-linoleoyl-3-acetyl-rac-glycerol (PLAG) is a lipid molecule from the antlers of sika deer that might reduce inflammation by effectively controlling neutrophil infiltration, endothelial permeability and inflammatory chemokine production. Therefore, we evaluated the modulatory effect of PLAG on arthritis and interstitial lung disease (ILD) in an autoimmune arthritis model. We injected curdlan into SKG mice and PLAG was orally administered every day from 3 weeks to 20 weeks after the curdlan injection. The arthritis score was measured every week after the curdlan injection. At 20 weeks post-injection, the lung specimens were evaluated with H&E, Masson's trichrome and multiplexed immunofluorescent staining. Serum cytokines were also analyzed using a Luminex multiple cytokine assay. PLAG administration decreased the arthritis score until 8 weeks after the curdlan injection. However, the effect was not sustained thereafter. A lung histology revealed severe inflammation and fibrosis in the curdlan-induced SKG mice, which was attenuated in the PLAG-treated mice. Furthermore, immunofluorescent staining of the lung tissue showed a GM-CSF+ neutrophil accumulation and a decreased citrullinated histone 3 expression after PLAG treatment. PLAG also downregulated the levels of IL-6 and TNF-α and upregulated the level of sIL-7Rα, an anti-fibrotic molecule. Our results indicate that PLAG might have a preventative effect on ILD development through the resolution of NETosis in the lung.
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Affiliation(s)
- Doo-Ho Lim
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Ulsan University Hospital, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Ulsan 44033, Korea;
| | - Eun-Ju Lee
- Asan Institute for Life Science, Asan Medical Center, Seoul 05505, Korea;
| | - Hee-Seop Lee
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA;
| | - Do Hoon Kim
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Korea; (D.H.K.); (J.-H.L.); (M.R.J.); (S.H.); (C.-K.L.); (B.Y.)
| | - Jae-Hyun Lee
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Korea; (D.H.K.); (J.-H.L.); (M.R.J.); (S.H.); (C.-K.L.); (B.Y.)
| | - Mi Ryeong Jeong
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Korea; (D.H.K.); (J.-H.L.); (M.R.J.); (S.H.); (C.-K.L.); (B.Y.)
| | - Seokchan Hong
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Korea; (D.H.K.); (J.-H.L.); (M.R.J.); (S.H.); (C.-K.L.); (B.Y.)
| | - Chang-Keun Lee
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Korea; (D.H.K.); (J.-H.L.); (M.R.J.); (S.H.); (C.-K.L.); (B.Y.)
| | - Bin Yoo
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Korea; (D.H.K.); (J.-H.L.); (M.R.J.); (S.H.); (C.-K.L.); (B.Y.)
| | - Jeehee Youn
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Korea;
| | - Yong-Gil Kim
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Korea; (D.H.K.); (J.-H.L.); (M.R.J.); (S.H.); (C.-K.L.); (B.Y.)
- Convergence Medicine Research Center, Asan Institute for Life Science, Asan Medical Center, Seoul 05505, Korea
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Tułowiecka N, Kotlęga D, Bohatyrewicz A, Szczuko M. Could Lipoxins Represent a New Standard in Ischemic Stroke Treatment? Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22084207. [PMID: 33921615 PMCID: PMC8074032 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22084207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2021] [Revised: 04/14/2021] [Accepted: 04/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Cardiovascular diseases including stroke are one of the most common causes of death. Their main cause is atherosclerosis and chronic inflammation in the body. An ischemic stroke may occur as a result of the rupture of unstable atherosclerotic plaque. Cardiovascular diseases are associated with uncontrolled inflammation. The inflammatory reaction produces chemical mediators that stimulate the resolution of inflammation. One of these mediators is lipoxins—pro-resolving mediators that are derived from the omega-6 fatty acid family, promoting inflammation relief and supporting tissue regeneration. Aim: The aim of the study was to review the available literature on the therapeutic potential of lipoxins in the context of ischemic stroke. Material and Methods: Articles published up to 31 January 2021 were included in the review. The literature was searched on the basis of PubMed and Embase in terms of the entries: ‘stroke and lipoxin’ and ‘stroke and atherosclerosis’, resulting in over 110 articles in total. Studies that were not in full-text English, letters to the editor, and conference abstracts were excluded. Results: In animal studies, the injection/administration of lipoxin A4 improved the integrity of the blood–brain barrier (BBB), decreased the volume of damage caused by ischemic stroke, and decreased brain edema. In addition, lipoxin A4 inhibited the infiltration of neutrophils and the production of cytokines and pro-inflammatory chemokines, such as interleukin (Il-1β, Il-6, Il-8) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α). The beneficial effects were also observed after introducing the administration of lipoxin A4 analog—BML-111. BML-111 significantly reduces the size of a stroke and protects the cerebral cortex, possibly by reducing the permeability of the blood–brain barrier. Moreover, more potent than lipoxin A4, it has an anti-inflammatory effect by inhibiting the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines and increasing the amount of anti-inflammatory cytokines. Conclusions: Lipoxins and their analogues may find application in reducing damage caused by stroke and improving the prognosis of patients after ischemic stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikola Tułowiecka
- Department of Human Nutrition and Metabolomics, Pomeranian Medical University, Broniewskiego 24 Street, 71-460 Szczecin, Poland;
| | - Dariusz Kotlęga
- Department of Neurology, District Hospital, 67-200 Głogów, Poland;
| | - Andrzej Bohatyrewicz
- Department of Orthopaedics, Pomeranian Medical University, Żołnierska 48, 71-210 Szczecin, Poland;
| | - Małgorzata Szczuko
- Department of Human Nutrition and Metabolomics, Pomeranian Medical University, Broniewskiego 24 Street, 71-460 Szczecin, Poland;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48-91-441-4810; Fax: +48-91-441-4807
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Andrews D, Godson C. Lipoxins and synthetic lipoxin mimetics: Therapeutic potential in renal diseases. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids 2021; 1866:158940. [PMID: 33839296 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2021.158940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2021] [Revised: 03/29/2021] [Accepted: 03/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Inflammation and its timely resolution are critical to ensuring effective host defence and appropriate tissue repair after injury. Unresolved inflammation typifies many renal pathologies. The key drivers of the inflammatory response are well defined and targeted by conventional anti-inflammatory therapeutics. However, these are associated with undesirable side effects including immune suppression. More recently, there is growing appreciation that specialized lipid mediators [SPMs] including lipoxins promote the resolution of inflammation and endogenous repair mechanisms without compromising host defence. We discuss the pro-resolving bioactions of lipoxins and recent work that aims to harness their therapeutic potential in the context of kidney disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Darrell Andrews
- Diabetes Complications Research Centre, Conway Institute and School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Catherine Godson
- Diabetes Complications Research Centre, Conway Institute and School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.
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9
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Cross-Talk among Polymorphonuclear Neutrophils, Immune, and Non-Immune Cells via Released Cytokines, Granule Proteins, Microvesicles, and Neutrophil Extracellular Trap Formation: A Novel Concept of Biology and Pathobiology for Neutrophils. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22063119. [PMID: 33803773 PMCID: PMC8003289 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22063119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2021] [Revised: 03/13/2021] [Accepted: 03/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMNs) are traditionally regarded as professional phagocytic and acute inflammatory cells that engulf the microbial pathogens. However, accumulating data have suggested that PMNs are multi-potential cells exhibiting many important biological functions in addition to phagocytosis. These newly found novel activities of PMN include production of different kinds of cytokines/chemokines/growth factors, release of neutrophil extracellular traps (NET)/ectosomes/exosomes and trogocytosis (membrane exchange) with neighboring cells for modulating innate, and adaptive immune responses. Besides, PMNs exhibit potential heterogeneity and plasticity in involving antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC), cancer immunity, autoimmunity, inflammatory rheumatic diseases, and cardiovascular diseases. Interestingly, PMNs may also play a role in ameliorating inflammatory reaction and wound healing by a subset of PMN myeloid-derived suppressor cells (PMN-MDSC). Furthermore, PMNs can interact with other non-immune cells including platelets, epithelial and endothelial cells to link hemostasis, mucosal inflammation, and atherogenesis. The release of low-density granulocytes (LDG) from bone marrow initiates systemic autoimmune reaction in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). In clinical application, identification of certain PMN phenotypes may become prognostic factors for severe traumatic patients. In the present review, we will discuss these newly discovered biological and pathobiological functions of the PMNs.
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10
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Bhat TA, Kalathil SG, Bogner PN, Lehmann PV, Thatcher TH, Sime PJ, Thanavala Y. AT-RvD1 Mitigates Secondhand Smoke-Exacerbated Pulmonary Inflammation and Restores Secondhand Smoke-Suppressed Antibacterial Immunity. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2021; 206:1348-1360. [PMID: 33558371 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.2001228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2020] [Accepted: 01/09/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Cigarette smoke is a potent proinflammatory trigger contributing to acute lung injury and the development of chronic lung diseases via mechanisms that include the impairment of inflammation resolution. We have previously demonstrated that secondhand smoke (SHS) exposure exacerbates bacterial infection-induced pulmonary inflammation and suppresses immune responses. It is now recognized that resolution of inflammation is a bioactive process mediated by lipid-derived specialized proresolving mediators that counterregulate proinflammatory signaling and promote resolution pathways. We therefore hypothesized that proresolving mediators could reduce the burden of inflammation due to chronic lung infection following SHS exposure and restore normal immune responses to respiratory pathogens. To address this question, we exposed mice to SHS followed by chronic infection with nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae (NTHI). Some groups of mice were treated with aspirin-triggered resolvin D1 (AT-RvD1) during the latter half of the smoke exposure period or during a period of smoking cessation and before infection. Treatment with AT-RvD1 markedly reduced the recruitment of neutrophils, macrophages, and T cells in lung tissue and bronchoalveolar lavage and levels of proinflammatory cytokines in the bronchoalveolar lavage. Additionally, treatment with AT-RvD1 improved Ab titers against the NTHI outer membrane lipoprotein Ag P6 following infection. Furthermore, treatment with AT-RvD1 prior to classically adjuvanted immunization with P6 increased Ag-specific Ab titers, resulting in rapid clearance of NTHI from the lungs after acute challenge. Collectively, we have demonstrated that AT-RvD1 potently reverses the detrimental effects of SHS on pulmonary inflammation and immunity and thus could be beneficial in reducing lung injury associated with smoke exposure and infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tariq A Bhat
- Department of Immunology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY 14263
| | | | - Paul N Bogner
- Department of Pathology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY 14263
| | | | - Thomas H Thatcher
- Department of Medicine, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14620; and.,Department of Environmental Medicine, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14620
| | - Patricia J Sime
- Department of Medicine, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14620; and.,Department of Environmental Medicine, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14620
| | - Yasmin Thanavala
- Department of Immunology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY 14263;
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11
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Vieira C, Salm DC, Horewicz VV, Ludtke DD, Emer AA, Koerich JF, Mazzardo G, Elias S, Moré AOO, Mazzardo-Martins L, Cidral-Filho FJ, Reed WR, Piovezan AP, Martins DF. Electroacupuncture decreases inflammatory pain through a pro-resolving mechanism involving the peripheral annexin A1-formyl peptide receptor 2/ALX-opioid receptor pathway. Pflugers Arch 2021; 473:683-695. [PMID: 33474635 DOI: 10.1007/s00424-020-02502-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2020] [Revised: 10/28/2020] [Accepted: 12/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The pro-resolving mechanism is a recently described endogenous process that controls inflammation. The present study evaluated components of this mechanism, including annexin 1 (ANXA1) and the formyl peptide receptor 2/ALX (FPR2/ALX) receptor, in the antihyperalgesic effect induced by electroacupuncture (EA) in an animal model of persistent peripheral inflammation. Male Swiss mice underwent intraplantar (i.pl.) injection with complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA). Mechanical hyperalgesia was assessed with von Frey monofilaments. Animals were treated with EA (2-10 Hz, ST36-SP6) or subcutaneous BML-111 injection (FPR2/ALX agonist) for 5 consecutive days. In a separate set of experiments, on the first and fifth days after CFA injection, animals received i.pl. WRW4 (FPR2/ALX antagonist) or naloxone (non-selective opioid receptor antagonist) before EA or BML-111 injection. Paw protein levels of FPR2/ALX and ANXA1 were evaluated on the second day after CFA injection by western blotting technique. EA and BML-111 reduced mechanical hyperalgesia. I.pl. naloxone or WRW4 prevented the antihyperalgesic effect induced by either EA or BML-111. EA increased ANXA1 but did not alter FPR2/ALX receptor levels in the paw. Furthermore, i.pl. pretreatment with WRW4 prevented the increase of ANXA1 levels induced by EA. This work demonstrates that the EA antihyperalgesic effect on inflammatory pain involves the ANXA1/FPR2/ALX pro-resolution pathway. This effect appears to be triggered by the activation of FPR2/ALX receptors and crosstalk communication with the opioid system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cintia Vieira
- Experimental Neuroscience Laboratory (LaNEx), University of Southern Santa Catarina, Palhoça, Santa Catarina, Brazil.,Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina, Palhoça, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Daiana C Salm
- Experimental Neuroscience Laboratory (LaNEx), University of Southern Santa Catarina, Palhoça, Santa Catarina, Brazil.,Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina, Palhoça, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Verônica V Horewicz
- Experimental Neuroscience Laboratory (LaNEx), University of Southern Santa Catarina, Palhoça, Santa Catarina, Brazil.,Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina, Palhoça, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Daniela D Ludtke
- Experimental Neuroscience Laboratory (LaNEx), University of Southern Santa Catarina, Palhoça, Santa Catarina, Brazil.,Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina, Palhoça, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Aline A Emer
- Experimental Neuroscience Laboratory (LaNEx), University of Southern Santa Catarina, Palhoça, Santa Catarina, Brazil.,Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina, Palhoça, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Júlia F Koerich
- Experimental Neuroscience Laboratory (LaNEx), University of Southern Santa Catarina, Palhoça, Santa Catarina, Brazil.,Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina, Palhoça, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Gustavo Mazzardo
- Experimental Neuroscience Laboratory (LaNEx), University of Southern Santa Catarina, Palhoça, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Sayron Elias
- Experimental Neuroscience Laboratory (LaNEx), University of Southern Santa Catarina, Palhoça, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Ari O O Moré
- Integrative Medicine and Acupuncture Division, University Hospital, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Leidiane Mazzardo-Martins
- Experimental Neuroscience Laboratory (LaNEx), University of Southern Santa Catarina, Palhoça, Santa Catarina, Brazil.,Postgraduate Program in Neuroscience, Center of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Francisco J Cidral-Filho
- Experimental Neuroscience Laboratory (LaNEx), University of Southern Santa Catarina, Palhoça, Santa Catarina, Brazil.,Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina, Palhoça, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - William R Reed
- Department of Physical Therapy, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA.,Rehabilitation Science Program, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Anna Paula Piovezan
- Experimental Neuroscience Laboratory (LaNEx), University of Southern Santa Catarina, Palhoça, Santa Catarina, Brazil.,Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina, Palhoça, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Daniel F Martins
- Experimental Neuroscience Laboratory (LaNEx), University of Southern Santa Catarina, Palhoça, Santa Catarina, Brazil. .,Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina, Palhoça, Santa Catarina, Brazil.
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12
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Bhat TA, Kalathil SG, Miller A, Thatcher TH, Sime PJ, Thanavala Y. Specialized Proresolving Mediators Overcome Immune Suppression Induced by Exposure to Secondhand Smoke. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2020; 205:3205-3217. [PMID: 33115852 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.2000711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2020] [Accepted: 10/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Tobacco smoke exposure is associated with multiple diseases including, respiratory diseases like asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Tobacco smoke is a potent inflammatory trigger and is immunosuppressive, contributing to increased susceptibility to pulmonary infections in smokers, ex-smokers, and vulnerable populations exposed to secondhand smoke. Tobacco smoke exposure also reduces vaccine efficacy. Therefore, mitigating the immunosuppressive effects of chronic smoke exposure and improving the efficacy of vaccinations in individuals exposed to tobacco smoke, is a critical unmet clinical problem. We hypothesized that specialized proresolving mediators (SPMs), a class of immune regulators promoting resolution of inflammation, without being immunosuppressive, and enhancing B cell Ab responses, could reverse the immunosuppressive effects resulting from tobacco smoke exposure. We exposed mice to secondhand smoke for 8 wk, followed by a period of smoke exposure cessation, and the mice were immunized with the P6 lipoprotein from nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae, using 17-HDHA and aspirin-triggered-resolvin D1 (AT-RvD1) as adjuvants. 17-HDHA and AT-RvD1 used as adjuvants resulted in elevated serum and bronchoalveolar lavage levels of anti-P6-specific IgG and IgA that were protective, with immunized mice exhibiting more rapid bacterial clearance upon challenge, reduced pulmonary immune cell infiltrates, reduced production of proinflammatory cytokines, and less lung-epithelial cell damage. Furthermore, the treatment of mice with AT-RvD1 during a period of smoke-cessation further enhanced the efficacy of SPM-adjuvanted P6 vaccination. Overall, SPMs show promise as novel vaccine adjuvants with the ability to overcome the tobacco smoke-induced immunosuppressive effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tariq A Bhat
- Department of Immunology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY 14263
| | - Suresh Gopi Kalathil
- Department of Immunology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY 14263
| | - Austin Miller
- Department of Biostatistics, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY 14263
| | - Thomas H Thatcher
- Department of Medicine, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14620; and.,Department of Environmental Medicine, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14620
| | - Patricia J Sime
- Department of Medicine, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14620; and.,Department of Environmental Medicine, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14620
| | - Yasmin Thanavala
- Department of Immunology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY 14263;
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13
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Abstract
Purpose of review In a prolific scientific career, Dr. Robert J. Genco dedicated himself to enriching our understanding of the pathogenesis of periodontitis. During a period of time in the 1970s and 1980s, when periodontitis was considered a classic infectious disease, Bob had the foresight to investigate and characterize the immune/inflammatory response in periodontitis, particularly Juvenile Periodontitis. His leadership in this area brought to the fore our appreciation of host-microbiome interactions that many years later (2008) culminated in the realization that periodontitis is a fundamental inflammatory disease. In this review, the question of how the host regulates the inflammatory response will be addressed in the context of how more recently-discovered pathways of resolution of inflammation play a role in disease pathogenesis. Recent findings The host inflammatory response to commensal organisms creates excess inflammation in susceptible individuals and likely drives the dysbiosis of the oral microbiome observed in people with Periodontitis. In periodontal health, the oral microbiome is in balance with the host response. It is the loss of this symbiotic relationship with excess inflammation and microbiome dysbiosis that characterizes progressive disease. In recent years, the role of mediators of resolution of inflammation in the loss of balance and their potential use as therapeutics to restore homeostasis has extended our knowledge of how the host drives immune responses to affect oral dysbiosis. Summary Dr. Genco provided the foundation for our ever-emerging understanding host-microbial interactions. The discovery of inflammation resolution pathways has furthered our knowledge in periodontal homeostasis. More studies are needed to understand how the host regulates the microbiome to fulfill the ultimate goal of more efficient therapeutics for periodontitis and related inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Yu
- Center for Clinical and Translational Research, The Forsyth Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA; The Forsyth Institute, 245 First Street, Cambridge, MA, 02142
| | - Thomas E Van Dyke
- Center for Clinical and Translational Research, The Forsyth Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA
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14
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Kim C, Livne-Bar I, Gronert K, Sivak JM. Fair-Weather Friends: Evidence of Lipoxin Dysregulation in Neurodegeneration. Mol Nutr Food Res 2020; 64:e1801076. [PMID: 31797529 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.201801076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2019] [Revised: 11/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Lipoxins (LXs) are autacoids, specialized proresolving lipid mediators (SPMs) acting locally in a paracrine or autocrine fashion. They belong to a complex superfamily of dietary small polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA)-metabolites, which direct potent cellular responses to resolve inflammation and restore tissue homeostasis. Together, these SPM activities have been intensely studied in systemic inflammation and acute injury or infection, but less is known about LX signaling and activities in the central nervous system. LXs are derived from arachidonic acid, an omega-6 PUFA. In addition to well-established roles in systemic inflammation resolution, they have increasingly become implicated in regulating neuroinflammatory and neurodegenerative processes. In particular, chronic inflammation plays a central role in Alzheimer's disease (AD) etiology, and dysregulated LX production and activities have been reported in a variety of AD rodent models and clinical tissue samples, yet with complex and sometimes conflicting results. In addition, reduced LX production following retinal injury has been reported recently by the authors, and an intriguing direct neuronal activity promoting survival and homeostasis in retinal and cortical neurons is demonstrated. Here, the authors review and clarify this growing literature and suggest new research directions to further elaborate the role of lipoxins in neurodegeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changmo Kim
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto School of Medicine, Toronto, ON, M5S 1A8, Canada
- Department of Ophthalmology and Vision Sciences, University of Toronto School of Medicine, Toronto, ON, M5S 1A8, Canada
- Krembil Research Institute, University Health Network, 60 Leonard Ave, Toronto, ON, M5T 0S8, Canada
| | - Izhar Livne-Bar
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto School of Medicine, Toronto, ON, M5S 1A8, Canada
- Department of Ophthalmology and Vision Sciences, University of Toronto School of Medicine, Toronto, ON, M5S 1A8, Canada
- Krembil Research Institute, University Health Network, 60 Leonard Ave, Toronto, ON, M5T 0S8, Canada
| | - Karsten Gronert
- School of Optometry, Vision Science Program, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, 94720
- Infectious Disease and Immunity, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, 94720
| | - Jeremy M Sivak
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto School of Medicine, Toronto, ON, M5S 1A8, Canada
- Department of Ophthalmology and Vision Sciences, University of Toronto School of Medicine, Toronto, ON, M5S 1A8, Canada
- Krembil Research Institute, University Health Network, 60 Leonard Ave, Toronto, ON, M5T 0S8, Canada
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15
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The Role of Long-Chain Fatty Acids in Inflammatory Bowel Disease. Mediators Inflamm 2019; 2019:8495913. [PMID: 31780872 PMCID: PMC6874876 DOI: 10.1155/2019/8495913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2019] [Accepted: 10/03/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a complicated disease involving multiple pathogenic factors. The complex relationships between long-chain fatty acids (LCFAs) and the morbidity of IBD drive numerous studies to unravel the underlying mechanisms. A better understanding of the role of LCFAs in IBD will substitute or boost the current IBD therapies, thereby obtaining mucosal healing. In this review, we focused on the roles of LCFAs on the important links of inflammatory regulation in IBD, including in the pathogen recognition phase and in the inflammatory resolving phase, and the effects of LCFAs on immune cells in IBD.
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16
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Biringer RG. The Role of Eicosanoids in Alzheimer's Disease. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2019; 16:ijerph16142560. [PMID: 31323750 PMCID: PMC6678666 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph16142560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2019] [Revised: 07/09/2019] [Accepted: 07/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is one of the most common neurodegenerative disorders known. Estimates from the Alzheimer's Association suggest that there are currently 5.8 million Americans living with the disease and that this will rise to 14 million by 2050. Research over the decades has revealed that AD pathology is complex and involves a number of cellular processes. In addition to the well-studied amyloid-β and tau pathology, oxidative damage to lipids and inflammation are also intimately involved. One aspect all these processes share is eicosanoid signaling. Eicosanoids are derived from polyunsaturated fatty acids by enzymatic or non-enzymatic means and serve as short-lived autocrine or paracrine agents. Some of these eicosanoids serve to exacerbate AD pathology while others serve to remediate AD pathology. A thorough understanding of eicosanoid signaling is paramount for understanding the underlying mechanisms and developing potential treatments for AD. In this review, eicosanoid metabolism is examined in terms of in vivo production, sites of production, receptor signaling, non-AD biological functions, and known participation in AD pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roger G Biringer
- College of Osteopathic Medicine, Lake Erie College of Osteopathic Medicine, 5000 Lakewood Ranch Blvd., Bradenton, FL 34211, USA.
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17
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Tyurina YY, St Croix CM, Watkins SC, Watson AM, Epperly MW, Anthonymuthu TS, Kisin ER, Vlasova II, Krysko O, Krysko DV, Kapralov AA, Dar HH, Tyurin VA, Amoscato AA, Popova EN, Bolevich SB, Timashev PS, Kellum JA, Wenzel SE, Mallampalli RK, Greenberger JS, Bayir H, Shvedova AA, Kagan VE. Redox (phospho)lipidomics of signaling in inflammation and programmed cell death. J Leukoc Biol 2019; 106:57-81. [PMID: 31071242 PMCID: PMC6626990 DOI: 10.1002/jlb.3mir0119-004rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2019] [Revised: 04/12/2019] [Accepted: 04/19/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
In addition to the known prominent role of polyunsaturated (phospho)lipids as structural blocks of biomembranes, there is an emerging understanding of another important function of these molecules as a highly diversified signaling language utilized for intra- and extracellular communications. Technological developments in high-resolution mass spectrometry facilitated the development of a new branch of metabolomics, redox lipidomics. Analysis of lipid peroxidation reactions has already identified specific enzymatic mechanisms responsible for the biosynthesis of several unique signals in response to inflammation and regulated cell death programs. Obtaining comprehensive information about millions of signals encoded by oxidized phospholipids, represented by thousands of interactive reactions and pleiotropic (patho)physiological effects, is a daunting task. However, there is still reasonable hope that significant discoveries, of at least some of the important contributors to the overall overwhelmingly complex network of interactions triggered by inflammation, will lead to the discovery of new small molecule regulators and therapeutic modalities. For example, suppression of the production of AA-derived pro-inflammatory mediators, HXA3 and LTB4, by an iPLA2 γ inhibitor, R-BEL, mitigated injury associated with the activation of pro-inflammatory processes in animals exposed to whole-body irradiation. Further, technological developments promise to make redox lipidomics a powerful approach in the arsenal of diagnostic and therapeutic instruments for personalized medicine of inflammatory diseases and conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yulia Y Tyurina
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
- Department of Center for Free Radical and Antioxidant Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Claudette M St Croix
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Simon C Watkins
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Alan M Watson
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Michael W Epperly
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Tamil S Anthonymuthu
- Department of Center for Free Radical and Antioxidant Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Elena R Kisin
- Exposure Assessment Branch, NIOSH/CDC, Morgantown, West Virginia, USA
| | - Irina I Vlasova
- Federal Research and Clinical Center of Physical-Chemical Medicine, Moscow, Russia
- Laboratory of Navigational Redox Lipidomics, IM Sechenov Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Olga Krysko
- Upper Airways Research Laboratory, Department of Head and Skin, Ghent University, and Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), Ghent, Belgium
| | - Dmitri V Krysko
- Cell Death Investigation and Therapy Laboratory, Department of Human Structure and Repair, Ghent University, and Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), Ghent, Belgium
| | - Alexandr A Kapralov
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
- Department of Center for Free Radical and Antioxidant Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Haider H Dar
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
- Department of Center for Free Radical and Antioxidant Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Vladimir A Tyurin
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
- Department of Center for Free Radical and Antioxidant Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Andrew A Amoscato
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
- Department of Center for Free Radical and Antioxidant Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Elena N Popova
- Laboratory of Navigational Redox Lipidomics, IM Sechenov Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Sergey B Bolevich
- Laboratory of Navigational Redox Lipidomics, IM Sechenov Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Peter S Timashev
- Laboratory of Navigational Redox Lipidomics, IM Sechenov Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia
| | - John A Kellum
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Sally E Wenzel
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | | | - Joel S Greenberger
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Hulya Bayir
- Department of Center for Free Radical and Antioxidant Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Anna A Shvedova
- Exposure Assessment Branch, NIOSH/CDC, Morgantown, West Virginia, USA
| | - Valerian E Kagan
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
- Department of Center for Free Radical and Antioxidant Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
- Laboratory of Navigational Redox Lipidomics, IM Sechenov Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia
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18
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Quirós M, Nusrat A. Contribution of Wound-Associated Cells and Mediators in Orchestrating Gastrointestinal Mucosal Wound Repair. Annu Rev Physiol 2019; 81:189-209. [PMID: 30354933 PMCID: PMC7871200 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-physiol-020518-114504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The gastrointestinal mucosa, structurally formed by the epithelium and lamina propria, serves as a selective barrier that separates luminal contents from the underlying tissues. Gastrointestinal mucosal wound repair is orchestrated by a series of spatial and temporal events that involve the epithelium, recruited immune cells, resident stromal cells, and the microbiota present in the wound bed. Upon injury, repair of the gastrointestinal barrier is mediated by collective migration, proliferation, and subsequent differentiation of epithelial cells. Epithelial repair is intimately regulated by a number of wound-associated cells that include immune cells and stromal cells in addition to mediators released by luminal microbiota. The highly regulated interaction of these cell types is perturbed in chronic inflammatory diseases that are associated with impaired wound healing. An improved understanding of prorepair mechanisms in the gastrointestinal mucosa will aid in the development of novel therapeutics that promote mucosal healing and reestablish the critical epithelial barrier function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel Quirós
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA; ,
| | - Asma Nusrat
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA; ,
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19
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Quiros M, Nusrat A. Saving Problematic Mucosae: SPMs in Intestinal Mucosal Inflammation and Repair. Trends Mol Med 2019; 25:124-135. [PMID: 30642681 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmed.2018.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2018] [Revised: 12/07/2018] [Accepted: 12/07/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The intestinal mucosa serves as a highly selective barrier that allows the absorption of nutrients and water while restricting microbiota access to tissues. This barrier is compromised in inflammatory conditions such as infectious colitis and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). In response to mucosal injury, there is a temporal recruitment of leukocytes that crosstalk with epithelial cells to orchestrate repair. Specialized pro-resolving mediators (SPMs) play an important role in the resolution of inflammation and epithelial repair. SPMs actively promote resolution of inflammation by contributing to the clearance of neutrophils, stimulating efferocytosis, and promoting epithelial repair. SPMs have potential to serve as targeted therapeutic agents to be used in adjuvant therapy to promote resolution of inflammation and epithelial repair in chronic inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel Quiros
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.
| | - Asma Nusrat
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.
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20
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Çolakoğlu M, Tunçer S, Banerjee S. Emerging cellular functions of the lipid metabolizing enzyme 15-Lipoxygenase-1. Cell Prolif 2018; 51:e12472. [PMID: 30062726 DOI: 10.1111/cpr.12472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2018] [Accepted: 04/22/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The oxygenation of polyunsaturated fatty acids such as arachidonic and linoleic acid through lipoxygenases (LOXs) and cyclooxygenases (COXs) leads to the production of bioactive lipids that are important both in the induction of acute inflammation and its resolution. Amongst the several isoforms of LOX that are expressed in mammals, 15-LOX-1 was shown to be important both in the context of inflammation, being expressed in cells of the immune system, and in epithelial cells where the enzyme has been shown to crosstalk with a number of important signalling pathways. This review looks into the latest developments in understanding the role of 15-LOX-1 in different disease states with emphasis on the emerging role of the enzyme in the tumour microenvironment as well as a newly re-discovered form of cell death called ferroptosis. We also discuss future perspectives on the feasibility of use of this protein as a target for therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melis Çolakoğlu
- Department of Biological Sciences, Middle East Technical University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Sinem Tunçer
- Department of Biological Sciences, Middle East Technical University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Sreeparna Banerjee
- Department of Biological Sciences, Middle East Technical University, Ankara, Turkey
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21
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Ho CFY, Ismail NB, Koh JKZ, Gunaseelan S, Low YH, Ng YK, Chua JJE, Ong WY. Localisation of Formyl-Peptide Receptor 2 in the Rat Central Nervous System and Its Role in Axonal and Dendritic Outgrowth. Neurochem Res 2018; 43:1587-1598. [PMID: 29948727 PMCID: PMC6061218 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-018-2573-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2018] [Revised: 06/06/2018] [Accepted: 06/09/2018] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Arachidonic acid and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) released by the action of phospholipases A2 (PLA2) on membrane phospholipids may be metabolized by lipoxygenases to the anti-inflammatory mediators lipoxin A4 (LXA4) and resolvin D1 (RvD1), and these can bind to a common receptor, formyl-peptide receptor 2 (FPR2). The contribution of this receptor to axonal or dendritic outgrowth is unknown. The present study was carried out to elucidate the distribution of FPR2 in the rat CNS and its role in outgrowth of neuronal processes. FPR2 mRNA expression was greatest in the brainstem, followed by the spinal cord, thalamus/hypothalamus, cerebral neocortex, hippocampus, cerebellum and striatum. The brainstem and spinal cord also contained high levels of FPR2 protein. The cerebral neocortex was moderately immunolabelled for FPR2, with staining mostly present as puncta in the neuropil. Dentate granule neurons and their axons (mossy fibres) in the hippocampus were very densely labelled. The cerebellar cortex was lightly stained, but the deep cerebellar nuclei, inferior olivary nucleus, vestibular nuclei, spinal trigeminal nucleus and dorsal horn of the spinal cord were densely labelled. Electron microscopy of the prefrontal cortex showed FPR2 immunolabel mostly in immature axon terminals or ‘pre-terminals’, that did not form synapses with dendrites. Treatment of primary hippocampal neurons with the FPR2 inhibitors, PBP10 or WRW4, resulted in reduced lengths of axons and dendrites. The CNS distribution of FPR2 suggests important functions in learning and memory, balance and nociception. This might be due to an effect of FPR2 in mediating arachidonic acid/LXA4 or DHA/RvD1-induced axonal or dendritic outgrowth.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nadia Binte Ismail
- Department of Anatomy, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 119260, Singapore
| | - Joled Kong-Ze Koh
- Department of Anatomy, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 119260, Singapore
| | - Saravanan Gunaseelan
- Department of Physiology, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 119260, Singapore
| | - Yi-Hua Low
- Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, UK
| | - Yee-Kong Ng
- Department of Anatomy, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 119260, Singapore
| | - John Jia-En Chua
- Department of Physiology, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 119260, Singapore. .,Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore, 138673. .,Neurobiology and Ageing Research Programme, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117456, Singapore.
| | - Wei-Yi Ong
- Department of Anatomy, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 119260, Singapore. .,Neurobiology and Ageing Research Programme, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117456, Singapore.
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22
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Ampomah PB, Moraes LA, Lukman HM, Lim LHK. Formyl peptide receptor 2 is regulated by RNA mimics and viruses through an IFN‐β‐STAT3‐dependent pathway. FASEB J 2018; 32:1468-1478. [DOI: 10.1096/fj.201700584rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Patrick B. Ampomah
- Department of PhysiologyYong Loo Lin School of MedicineNational University Health System Singapore
- Immunology ProgramLife Sciences InstituteNational University of Singapore Singapore
| | - Leonardo A. Moraes
- Department of PhysiologyYong Loo Lin School of MedicineNational University Health System Singapore
- Immunology ProgramLife Sciences InstituteNational University of Singapore Singapore
| | - Hakim M. Lukman
- Department of PhysiologyYong Loo Lin School of MedicineNational University Health System Singapore
- Immunology ProgramLife Sciences InstituteNational University of Singapore Singapore
| | - Lina H. K. Lim
- Department of PhysiologyYong Loo Lin School of MedicineNational University Health System Singapore
- Immunology ProgramLife Sciences InstituteNational University of Singapore Singapore
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Wang RX, Colgan SP. Special pro-resolving mediator (SPM) actions in regulating gastro-intestinal inflammation and gut mucosal immune responses. Mol Aspects Med 2017; 58:93-101. [PMID: 28232096 PMCID: PMC5797700 DOI: 10.1016/j.mam.2017.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2017] [Accepted: 02/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Surfaces covered by epithelial cells, termed mucosal surfaces, serve special functions as selectively permeable barriers that partition the host and the outside world. Given its close association to microbial antigens, the intestinal mucosa has evolved creative mechanisms to maintain homeostasis, to prevent excessive inflammatory responses, and to promote rapid and full inflammatory resolution. In recent years, an active role for the epithelium has been attributed to the local generation of specialized pro-resolving mediators (SPMs) in the maintenance of immunological homeostasis. In this brief review, we highlight evidence that the epithelium actively contributes to coordination and resolution of inflammation, principally through the generation of SPMs. These autacoids are derived from omega-6 and omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids. Acting through widely expressed G-protein coupled receptors, SPMs are implicated in the resolution of acute inflammation that manifests specific, epithelial-directed actions focused on mucosal-homeostasis, including regulation of leukocyte trafficking, the generation of antimicrobial peptides, the dampening of endotoxin signaling, and the attenuation of mucosal cytokine responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruth X Wang
- Departments of Medicine and Immunology and the Mucosal Inflammation Program, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Sean P Colgan
- Departments of Medicine and Immunology and the Mucosal Inflammation Program, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA.
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Badrnya S, Butler LM, Söderberg-Naucler C, Volf I, Assinger A. Platelets directly enhance neutrophil transmigration in response to oxidised low-density lipoprotein. Thromb Haemost 2017; 108:719-29. [DOI: 10.1160/th12-03-0206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2012] [Accepted: 07/04/2012] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
SummaryBeyond their primary role in haemostasis and tissue repair, platelets are causally involved in the onset of inflammatory reactions, cell proliferation and immune response. Platelet activation and platelet binding to the endothelium result in release of chemokines and increased expression of adhesion molecules, which promote the recruitment of leukocytes that will eventually migrate across the endothelium into the tissue. Here, we provide the first evidence that platelets stimulated with oxidised low-density lipoprotein (oxLDL) directly enhance recruitment and transmigration of neutrophils, via cell-cell interaction. OxLDL immediately activates platelets, which then rapidly bind to neutrophils, foster their activation and facilitate transmigration through an endothelial monolayer. The observed effects of oxLDL on platelet-neutrophil aggregate (PNA) formation depend on incubation time, lipoprotein concentration and the degree of oxidative modification of LDL. PNA form within minutes following stimulation by oxLDL and remain for up to 1 h post stimulation, while native LDL is unable to induce platelet-neutrophil interactions. In the presence of acetylsalicylic acid the formation of PNA in response to oxLDL is virtually absent, and platelets fail to further enhance oxLDL-induced neutrophil transmigration. P2Y1 and P2Y12 inhibitors have less pronounced effects on PNA formation in response to oxLDL. Furthermore, we demonstrate that the PI3K pathway is essential for efficient neutrophil transmigration induced by oxLDL. Consequently, platelets enhance neutrophil transmigration in response to oxLDL and might thereby contribute essentially to the amplification of inflammatory processes within the vessel wall, which fosters the development of atherosclerosis.
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25
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Goicoechea M, Sanchez-Niño MD, Ortiz A, García de Vinuesa S, Quiroga B, Bernis C, Morales E, Fernández-Juarez G, de Sequera P, Verdalles U, Verde E, Luño J. Low dose aspirin increases 15-epi-lipoxin A4 levels in diabetic chronic kidney disease patients. Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids 2017; 125:8-13. [PMID: 28987723 DOI: 10.1016/j.plefa.2017.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2017] [Revised: 08/18/2017] [Accepted: 08/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Resolution of inflammation is regulated by endogenous lipid mediators, such as lipoxins and their epimers, including 15-epi-lipoxin A4 (15-epi-LXA4). However, there is no information on 15-epi-LXA4 and its in vivo regulation in chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients. STUDY DESIGN Open label randomized clinical trial. SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS 50 participants with chronic kidney disease (CKD) stage 3 and 4 without prior cardiovascular disease (25 in the aspirin group and 25 in the standard group) followed for 46 months. INTERVENTION Aspirin (100mg/day) or standard treatment. AIM To analyze the effect of aspirin on plasma 15-epi-LXA4 levels and inflammatory markers in CKD patients. RESULTS Baseline plasma15-epi-LXA4 levels were lower in diabetic (1.22 ± 0.99ng/ml) than in non-diabetic CKD patients (2.05 ± 1.06ng/ml, p < 0.001) and inversely correlated with glycosylated hemoglobin levels (r = -0.303, p = 0.006). In multivariate analysis, diabetes was associated with lower 15-epi-LXA4 levels, adjusted for age, inflammatory markers and renal function (p = 0.005). In the whole study population, 15-epi-LXA4 levels tended to increase, but not significantly (p = 0.45), after twelve months on aspirin (from mean ± SD 1.84 ± 1.06 to 2.04 ± 0.75ng/ml) and decreased in the standard care group (1.60 ± 1.15 to 1.52 ± 0.68ng/ml, p = 0.04). The aspirin effect on 15-epi-LXA4 levels was more striking in diabetic patients, increasing from 0.94 ± 0.70 to 1.93 ± 0.74ng/ml, p = 0.017. CONCLUSIONS Diabetic patients with CKD have lower circulating 15-epi-LXA4 levels than non-diabetic CKD patients. Low dose aspirin for 12 months increased 15-epi-LXA4 levels in diabetic patients. Given its anti-inflammatory properties, this increase in 15-epi-LXA4 levels may contribute to the beneficial effects of low dose aspirin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marian Goicoechea
- Servicio de Nefrología, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain; Spanish Kidney Research Network (REDINREN), Madrid, Spain.
| | - Maria Dolores Sanchez-Niño
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria, Fundación Jiménez Díaz (IIS-FJD UAM), Madrid, Spain; Spanish Kidney Research Network (REDINREN), Madrid, Spain
| | - Alberto Ortiz
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria, Fundación Jiménez Díaz (IIS-FJD UAM), Madrid, Spain; Spanish Kidney Research Network (REDINREN), Madrid, Spain
| | - Soledad García de Vinuesa
- Servicio de Nefrología, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain; Spanish Kidney Research Network (REDINREN), Madrid, Spain
| | | | | | - Enrique Morales
- Hospital Universitario Doce de Octubre, Madrid, Spain; Spanish Kidney Research Network (REDINREN), Madrid, Spain
| | - Gema Fernández-Juarez
- Hospital Universitario Fundación Alcorcón, Madrid, Spain; Spanish Kidney Research Network (REDINREN), Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Ursula Verdalles
- Servicio de Nefrología, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain; Spanish Kidney Research Network (REDINREN), Madrid, Spain
| | - Eduardo Verde
- Servicio de Nefrología, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain; Spanish Kidney Research Network (REDINREN), Madrid, Spain
| | - José Luño
- Servicio de Nefrología, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain; Spanish Kidney Research Network (REDINREN), Madrid, Spain
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26
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Ke Y, Zebda N, Oskolkova O, Afonyushkin T, Berdyshev E, Tian Y, Meng F, Sarich N, Bochkov VN, Wang JM, Birukova AA, Birukov KG. Anti-Inflammatory Effects of OxPAPC Involve Endothelial Cell-Mediated Generation of LXA4. Circ Res 2017; 121:244-257. [PMID: 28522438 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.116.310308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2016] [Revised: 05/12/2017] [Accepted: 05/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
RATIONALE Oxidation of 1-palmitoyl-2-arachidonoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphorylcholine (OxPAPC) generates a group of bioactive oxidized phospholipid products with a broad range of biological activities. Barrier-enhancing and anti-inflammatory effects of OxPAPC on pulmonary endothelial cells are critical for prevention of acute lung injury caused by bacterial pathogens or excessive mechanical ventilation. Anti-inflammatory properties of OxPAPC are associated with its antagonistic effects on Toll-like receptors and suppression of RhoA GTPase signaling. OBJECTIVE Because OxPAPC exhibits long-lasting anti-inflammatory and lung-protective effects even after single administration in vivo, we tested the hypothesis that these effects may be mediated by additional mechanisms, such as OxPAPC-dependent production of anti-inflammatory and proresolving lipid mediator, lipoxin A4 (LXA4). METHODS AND RESULTS Mass spectrometry and ELISA assays detected significant accumulation of LXA4 in the lungs of OxPAPC-treated mice and in conditioned medium of OxPAPC-exposed pulmonary endothelial cells. Administration of LXA4 reproduced anti-inflammatory effect of OxPAPC against tumor necrosis factor-α in vitro and in the animal model of lipopolysaccharide-induced lung injury. The potent barrier-protective and anti-inflammatory effects of OxPAPC against tumor necrosis factor-α and lipopolysaccharide challenge were suppressed in human pulmonary endothelial cells with small interfering RNA-induced knockdown of LXA4 formyl peptide receptor-2 (FPR2/ALX) and in mFPR2-/- (mouse formyl peptide receptor 2) mice lacking the mouse homolog of human FPR2/ALX. CONCLUSIONS This is the first demonstration that inflammation- and injury-associated phospholipid oxidation triggers production of anti-inflammatory and proresolution molecules, such as LXA4. This lipid mediator switch represents a novel mechanism of OxPAPC-assisted recovery of inflamed lung endothelium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunbo Ke
- From the Department of Medicine, Lung Injury Center, Section of Pulmonary and Critical Medicine, University of Chicago, IL (Y.K., N.Z., O.O., T.A., Y.T., F.M., N.S., A.A.B., K.G.B.); National Jewish Health, Denver, CO (E.B.); National Cancer Institute at Frederick, MD (J.M.W.); and Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Graz, Austria (V.N.B.)
| | - Noureddine Zebda
- From the Department of Medicine, Lung Injury Center, Section of Pulmonary and Critical Medicine, University of Chicago, IL (Y.K., N.Z., O.O., T.A., Y.T., F.M., N.S., A.A.B., K.G.B.); National Jewish Health, Denver, CO (E.B.); National Cancer Institute at Frederick, MD (J.M.W.); and Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Graz, Austria (V.N.B.)
| | - Olga Oskolkova
- From the Department of Medicine, Lung Injury Center, Section of Pulmonary and Critical Medicine, University of Chicago, IL (Y.K., N.Z., O.O., T.A., Y.T., F.M., N.S., A.A.B., K.G.B.); National Jewish Health, Denver, CO (E.B.); National Cancer Institute at Frederick, MD (J.M.W.); and Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Graz, Austria (V.N.B.)
| | - Taras Afonyushkin
- From the Department of Medicine, Lung Injury Center, Section of Pulmonary and Critical Medicine, University of Chicago, IL (Y.K., N.Z., O.O., T.A., Y.T., F.M., N.S., A.A.B., K.G.B.); National Jewish Health, Denver, CO (E.B.); National Cancer Institute at Frederick, MD (J.M.W.); and Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Graz, Austria (V.N.B.)
| | - Evgeny Berdyshev
- From the Department of Medicine, Lung Injury Center, Section of Pulmonary and Critical Medicine, University of Chicago, IL (Y.K., N.Z., O.O., T.A., Y.T., F.M., N.S., A.A.B., K.G.B.); National Jewish Health, Denver, CO (E.B.); National Cancer Institute at Frederick, MD (J.M.W.); and Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Graz, Austria (V.N.B.)
| | - Yufeng Tian
- From the Department of Medicine, Lung Injury Center, Section of Pulmonary and Critical Medicine, University of Chicago, IL (Y.K., N.Z., O.O., T.A., Y.T., F.M., N.S., A.A.B., K.G.B.); National Jewish Health, Denver, CO (E.B.); National Cancer Institute at Frederick, MD (J.M.W.); and Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Graz, Austria (V.N.B.)
| | - Fanyong Meng
- From the Department of Medicine, Lung Injury Center, Section of Pulmonary and Critical Medicine, University of Chicago, IL (Y.K., N.Z., O.O., T.A., Y.T., F.M., N.S., A.A.B., K.G.B.); National Jewish Health, Denver, CO (E.B.); National Cancer Institute at Frederick, MD (J.M.W.); and Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Graz, Austria (V.N.B.)
| | - Nicolene Sarich
- From the Department of Medicine, Lung Injury Center, Section of Pulmonary and Critical Medicine, University of Chicago, IL (Y.K., N.Z., O.O., T.A., Y.T., F.M., N.S., A.A.B., K.G.B.); National Jewish Health, Denver, CO (E.B.); National Cancer Institute at Frederick, MD (J.M.W.); and Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Graz, Austria (V.N.B.)
| | - Valery N Bochkov
- From the Department of Medicine, Lung Injury Center, Section of Pulmonary and Critical Medicine, University of Chicago, IL (Y.K., N.Z., O.O., T.A., Y.T., F.M., N.S., A.A.B., K.G.B.); National Jewish Health, Denver, CO (E.B.); National Cancer Institute at Frederick, MD (J.M.W.); and Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Graz, Austria (V.N.B.)
| | - Ji Ming Wang
- From the Department of Medicine, Lung Injury Center, Section of Pulmonary and Critical Medicine, University of Chicago, IL (Y.K., N.Z., O.O., T.A., Y.T., F.M., N.S., A.A.B., K.G.B.); National Jewish Health, Denver, CO (E.B.); National Cancer Institute at Frederick, MD (J.M.W.); and Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Graz, Austria (V.N.B.)
| | - Anna A Birukova
- From the Department of Medicine, Lung Injury Center, Section of Pulmonary and Critical Medicine, University of Chicago, IL (Y.K., N.Z., O.O., T.A., Y.T., F.M., N.S., A.A.B., K.G.B.); National Jewish Health, Denver, CO (E.B.); National Cancer Institute at Frederick, MD (J.M.W.); and Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Graz, Austria (V.N.B.)
| | - Konstantin G Birukov
- From the Department of Medicine, Lung Injury Center, Section of Pulmonary and Critical Medicine, University of Chicago, IL (Y.K., N.Z., O.O., T.A., Y.T., F.M., N.S., A.A.B., K.G.B.); National Jewish Health, Denver, CO (E.B.); National Cancer Institute at Frederick, MD (J.M.W.); and Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Graz, Austria (V.N.B.).
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Sansbury BE, Spite M. Resolution of Acute Inflammation and the Role of Resolvins in Immunity, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology. Circ Res 2017; 119:113-30. [PMID: 27340271 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.116.307308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 134] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2016] [Accepted: 05/26/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Acute inflammation is a host-protective response that is mounted in response to tissue injury and infection. Initiated and perpetuated by exogenous and endogenous mediators, acute inflammation must be resolved for tissue repair to proceed and for homeostasis to be restored. Resolution of inflammation is an actively regulated process governed by an array of mediators as diverse as those that initiate inflammation. Among these, resolvins have emerged as a genus of evolutionarily conserved proresolving mediators that act on specific cellular receptors to regulate leukocyte trafficking and blunt production of inflammatory mediators, while also promoting clearance of dead cells and tissue repair. Given that chronic unresolved inflammation is emerging as a central causative factor in the development of cardiovascular diseases, an understanding of the endogenous processes that govern normal resolution of acute inflammation is critical for determining why sterile maladaptive cardiovascular inflammation perpetuates. Here, we provide an overview of the process of resolution with a focus on the enzymatic biosynthesis and receptor-dependent actions of resolvins and related proresolving mediators in immunity, thrombosis, and vascular biology. We discuss how nutritional and current therapeutic approaches modulate resolution and propose that harnessing resolution concepts could potentially lead to the development of new approaches for treating chronic cardiovascular inflammation in a manner that is not host disruptive.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian E Sansbury
- From the Center for Experimental Therapeutics and Reperfusion Injury, Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Matthew Spite
- From the Center for Experimental Therapeutics and Reperfusion Injury, Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA.
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28
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Codagnone M, Recchiuti A, Lanuti P, Pierdomenico AM, Cianci E, Patruno S, Mari VC, Simiele F, Di Tomo P, Pandolfi A, Romano M. Lipoxin A 4 stimulates endothelial miR-126-5p expression and its transfer via microvesicles. FASEB J 2017; 31:1856-1866. [PMID: 28100645 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201600952r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2016] [Accepted: 01/03/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The proresolution lipid mediator lipoxin (LX)A4 bestows protective bioactions on endothelial cells. We examined the impact of LXA4 on transcellular endothelial signaling via microRNA (miR)-containing microvesicles. We report LXA4 inhibition of MV release by TNF-α-treated HUVECs, associated with the down-regulation of 18 miR in endothelial microvesicles (EMVs) and the up-regulation of miR-126-5p, both in HUVECs and in EMVs. LXA4 up-regulated miR-126-5p by ∼5-fold in HUVECs and promoted a release of microvesicles (LXA4-EMVs) that enhanced miR-126-5p by ∼7-fold in recipient HUVECs. In these cells, LXA4-EMVs abrogated the up-regulation of VCAM-1, induced in recipient HUVECs by EMVs released by untreated or TNF-α-treated HUVECs. LXA4-EMVs also reduced by ∼40% the expression of SPRED1, which we validated as an miR-126-5p target, whereas they stimulated monolayer repair in an in vitro wound assay. This effect was lost when the EMVs were depleted of miR-126-5p. These results provide evidence that changes in miR expression and microvesicle packaging and transfer represent a mechanism of action of LXA4, which may be relevant in vascular biology and inflammation.-Codagnone, M., Recchiuti, A., Lanuti, P., Pierdomenico, A. M., Cianci, E., Patruno, S., Mari, V. C., Simiele, F., Di Tomo, P., Pandolfi, A., Romano, M. Lipoxin A4 stimulates endothelial miR-126-5p expression and its transfer via microvesicles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marilina Codagnone
- Department of Medical, Oral, and Biotechnological Sciences, G. D'Annunzio University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy.,Center on Aging Science and Translational Medicine (CeSI-MeT), G. D'Annunzio University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy; and
| | - Antonio Recchiuti
- Department of Medical, Oral, and Biotechnological Sciences, G. D'Annunzio University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy.,Center on Aging Science and Translational Medicine (CeSI-MeT), G. D'Annunzio University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy; and
| | - Paola Lanuti
- Center on Aging Science and Translational Medicine (CeSI-MeT), G. D'Annunzio University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy; and.,Department of Medicine and Aging Science, G. D'Annunzio University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Anna Maria Pierdomenico
- Center on Aging Science and Translational Medicine (CeSI-MeT), G. D'Annunzio University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy; and.,Department of Medicine and Aging Science, G. D'Annunzio University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Eleonora Cianci
- Department of Medical, Oral, and Biotechnological Sciences, G. D'Annunzio University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy.,Center on Aging Science and Translational Medicine (CeSI-MeT), G. D'Annunzio University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy; and
| | - Sara Patruno
- Department of Medical, Oral, and Biotechnological Sciences, G. D'Annunzio University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy.,Center on Aging Science and Translational Medicine (CeSI-MeT), G. D'Annunzio University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy; and
| | - Veronica Cecilia Mari
- Center on Aging Science and Translational Medicine (CeSI-MeT), G. D'Annunzio University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy; and
| | - Felice Simiele
- Department of Medical, Oral, and Biotechnological Sciences, G. D'Annunzio University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy.,Center on Aging Science and Translational Medicine (CeSI-MeT), G. D'Annunzio University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy; and
| | - Pamela Di Tomo
- Department of Medical, Oral, and Biotechnological Sciences, G. D'Annunzio University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy.,Center on Aging Science and Translational Medicine (CeSI-MeT), G. D'Annunzio University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy; and
| | - Assunta Pandolfi
- Department of Medical, Oral, and Biotechnological Sciences, G. D'Annunzio University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy.,Center on Aging Science and Translational Medicine (CeSI-MeT), G. D'Annunzio University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy; and
| | - Mario Romano
- Department of Medical, Oral, and Biotechnological Sciences, G. D'Annunzio University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy; .,Center on Aging Science and Translational Medicine (CeSI-MeT), G. D'Annunzio University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy; and
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29
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Pseudomonas aeruginosa sabotages the generation of host proresolving lipid mediators. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2016; 114:136-141. [PMID: 27980032 PMCID: PMC5224368 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1610242114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Recurrent Pseudomonas aeruginosa infections coupled with robust, damaging neutrophilic inflammation characterize the chronic lung disease cystic fibrosis (CF). The proresolving lipid mediator, 15-epi lipoxin A4 (15-epi LXA4), plays a critical role in limiting neutrophil activation and tissue inflammation, thus promoting the return to tissue homeostasis. Here, we show that a secreted P. aeruginosa epoxide hydrolase, cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator inhibitory factor (Cif), can disrupt 15-epi LXA4 transcellular biosynthesis and function. In the airway, 15-epi LXA4 production is stimulated by the epithelial-derived eicosanoid 14,15-epoxyeicosatrienoic acid (14,15-EET). Cif sabotages the production of 15-epi LXA4 by rapidly hydrolyzing 14,15-EET into its cognate diol, eliminating a proresolving signal that potently suppresses IL-8-driven neutrophil transepithelial migration in vitro. Retrospective analyses of samples from patients with CF supported the translational relevance of these preclinical findings. Elevated levels of Cif in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid were correlated with lower levels of 15-epi LXA4, increased IL-8 concentrations, and impaired lung function. Together, these findings provide structural, biochemical, and immunological evidence that the bacterial epoxide hydrolase Cif disrupts resolution pathways during bacterial lung infections. The data also suggest that Cif contributes to sustained pulmonary inflammation and associated loss of lung function in patients with CF.
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30
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Lin N, Simon MC. Hypoxia-inducible factors: key regulators of myeloid cells during inflammation. J Clin Invest 2016; 126:3661-3671. [PMID: 27599290 DOI: 10.1172/jci84426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypoxia is a prominent characteristic of many acute or chronic inflammatory diseases, and exerts significant influence on their progression. Macrophages and neutrophils are major cellular components of innate immunity and contribute not only to O2 deprivation at the site of inflammation, but also alter many of their functions in response to hypoxia to either facilitate or suppress inflammation. Hypoxia stabilizes HIF-αs in macrophages and neutrophils, and these O2-sensitive transcription factors are key regulators of inflammatory responses in myeloid cells. In this review, we will summarize our current understanding of the role of HIF-αs in shaping macrophage and neutrophil functions in the pathogenesis and progression of multiple inflammatory diseases.
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31
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Ackermann JA, Hofheinz K, Zaiss MM, Krönke G. The double-edged role of 12/15-lipoxygenase during inflammation and immunity. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids 2016; 1862:371-381. [PMID: 27480217 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2016.07.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2016] [Revised: 07/01/2016] [Accepted: 07/28/2016] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
12/15-Lipoxygenase (12/15-LOX) mediates the enzymatic oxidation of polyunsaturated fatty acids, thereby contributing to the generation of various bioactive lipid mediators. Although 12/15-LOX has been implicated in the pathogenesis of multiple chronic inflammatory diseases, its physiologic functions seem to include potent immune modulatory properties that physiologically contribute to the resolution of inflammation and the clearance of inflammation-associated tissue damage. This review aims to give a comprehensive overview about our current knowledge on the role of this enzyme during the regulation of inflammation and immunity. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: Lipid modification and lipid peroxidation products in innate immunity and inflammation edited by Christoph J. Binder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jochen A Ackermann
- Department of Internal Medicine 3 and Institute for Clinical Immunology, University Hospital Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany; Nikolaus Fiebiger Center of Molecular Medicine, University Hospital Erlangen, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Katharina Hofheinz
- Department of Internal Medicine 3 and Institute for Clinical Immunology, University Hospital Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany; Nikolaus Fiebiger Center of Molecular Medicine, University Hospital Erlangen, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Mario M Zaiss
- Department of Internal Medicine 3 and Institute for Clinical Immunology, University Hospital Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Gerhard Krönke
- Department of Internal Medicine 3 and Institute for Clinical Immunology, University Hospital Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany; Nikolaus Fiebiger Center of Molecular Medicine, University Hospital Erlangen, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany.
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Vital SA, Becker F, Holloway PM, Russell J, Perretti M, Granger DN, Gavins FNE. Formyl-Peptide Receptor 2/3/Lipoxin A4 Receptor Regulates Neutrophil-Platelet Aggregation and Attenuates Cerebral Inflammation: Impact for Therapy in Cardiovascular Disease. Circulation 2016; 133:2169-79. [PMID: 27154726 PMCID: PMC4889496 DOI: 10.1161/circulationaha.115.020633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2015] [Accepted: 04/04/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Platelet activation at sites of vascular injury is essential for hemostasis, but it is also a major pathomechanism underlying ischemic injury. Because anti-inflammatory therapies limit thrombosis and antithrombotic therapies reduce vascular inflammation, we tested the therapeutic potential of 2 proresolving endogenous mediators, annexin A1 N-terminal derived peptide (AnxA1Ac2-26) and aspirin-triggered lipoxin A4 (15-epi-lipoxin A4), on the cerebral microcirculation after ischemia/reperfusion injury. Furthermore, we tested whether the lipoxin A4 receptor formyl-peptide receptor 2/3 (Fpr2/3; ortholog to human FPR2/lipoxin A4 receptor) evoked neuroprotective functions after cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury. METHODS AND RESULTS Using intravital microscopy, we found that cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury was accompanied by neutrophil and platelet activation and neutrophil-platelet aggregate formation within cerebral microvessels. Moreover, aspirin-triggered lipoxin A4 activation of neutrophil Fpr2/3 regulated neutrophil-platelet aggregate formation in the brain and inhibited the reactivity of the cerebral microvasculature. The same results were obtained with AnxA1Ac2-26 administration. Blocking Fpr2/lipoxin A4 receptor with the antagonist Boc2 reversed this effect, and treatments were ineffective in Fpr2/3 knockout mice, which displayed an exacerbated disease severity, evidenced by increased infarct area, blood-brain barrier dysfunction, increased neurological score, and elevated levels of cytokines. Furthermore, aspirin treatment significantly reduced cerebral leukocyte recruitment and increased endogenous levels of aspirin-triggered lipoxin A4, effects again mediated by Fpr2/3. CONCLUSION Fpr2/lipoxin A4 receptor is a therapeutic target for initiating endogenous proresolving, anti-inflammatory pathways after cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shantel A Vital
- From Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center-Shreveport (S.A.V., P.M.H., J.R., D.N.G., F.N.E.G.); Department for General and Visceral Surgery, University Hospital Muenster, Germany (F.B.); William Harvey Research Institute, Queen Mary University of London, UK (M.P.); and Division of Brain Sciences, Imperial College London, UK (F.N.E.G.)
| | - Felix Becker
- From Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center-Shreveport (S.A.V., P.M.H., J.R., D.N.G., F.N.E.G.); Department for General and Visceral Surgery, University Hospital Muenster, Germany (F.B.); William Harvey Research Institute, Queen Mary University of London, UK (M.P.); and Division of Brain Sciences, Imperial College London, UK (F.N.E.G.)
| | - Paul M Holloway
- From Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center-Shreveport (S.A.V., P.M.H., J.R., D.N.G., F.N.E.G.); Department for General and Visceral Surgery, University Hospital Muenster, Germany (F.B.); William Harvey Research Institute, Queen Mary University of London, UK (M.P.); and Division of Brain Sciences, Imperial College London, UK (F.N.E.G.)
| | - Janice Russell
- From Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center-Shreveport (S.A.V., P.M.H., J.R., D.N.G., F.N.E.G.); Department for General and Visceral Surgery, University Hospital Muenster, Germany (F.B.); William Harvey Research Institute, Queen Mary University of London, UK (M.P.); and Division of Brain Sciences, Imperial College London, UK (F.N.E.G.)
| | - Mauro Perretti
- From Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center-Shreveport (S.A.V., P.M.H., J.R., D.N.G., F.N.E.G.); Department for General and Visceral Surgery, University Hospital Muenster, Germany (F.B.); William Harvey Research Institute, Queen Mary University of London, UK (M.P.); and Division of Brain Sciences, Imperial College London, UK (F.N.E.G.)
| | - D Neil Granger
- From Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center-Shreveport (S.A.V., P.M.H., J.R., D.N.G., F.N.E.G.); Department for General and Visceral Surgery, University Hospital Muenster, Germany (F.B.); William Harvey Research Institute, Queen Mary University of London, UK (M.P.); and Division of Brain Sciences, Imperial College London, UK (F.N.E.G.)
| | - Felicity N E Gavins
- From Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center-Shreveport (S.A.V., P.M.H., J.R., D.N.G., F.N.E.G.); Department for General and Visceral Surgery, University Hospital Muenster, Germany (F.B.); William Harvey Research Institute, Queen Mary University of London, UK (M.P.); and Division of Brain Sciences, Imperial College London, UK (F.N.E.G.).
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Pham DL, Kim JH, Trinh THK, Park HS. What we know about nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug hypersensitivity. Korean J Intern Med 2016; 31:417-32. [PMID: 27030979 PMCID: PMC4855107 DOI: 10.3904/kjim.2016.085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2016] [Accepted: 03/05/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Nonsteroidal anti-inf lammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are widely prescribed for the treatment of inflammatory diseases, but their use is frequently related to hypersensitivity reactions. This review outlines our current knowledge of NSAID hypersensitivity (NHS) with regard to its pathogenic, molecular, and genetic mechanisms, as well as diagnosis and treatment. The presentation of NHS varies from a local (skin and/or airways) reaction to systemic reactions, including anaphylaxis. At the molecular level, NHS reactions can be classified as cross-reactive (mediated by cyclooxygenase inhibition) or selective (specific activation of immunoglobulin E antibodies or T cells). Genetic polymorphisms and epigenetic factors have been shown to be closely associated with NHS, and may be useful as predictive markers. To diagnose NHS, inhalation or oral challenge tests are applied, with the exclusion of any cross-reactive NSAIDs. For patients diagnosed with NHS, absolute avoidance of NSAIDs/aspirin is essential, and pharmacological treatment, including biologics, is often used to control their respiratory and cutaneous symptoms. Finally, desensitization is recommended only for selected patients with NHS. However, further research is required to develop new diagnostic methods and more effective treatments against NHS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Duy Le Pham
- Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, The Graduate School, Ajou University, Suwon, Korea
| | - Ji-Hye Kim
- Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea
| | - Tu Hoang Kim Trinh
- Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea
| | - Hae-Sim Park
- Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, The Graduate School, Ajou University, Suwon, Korea
- Correspondence to Hae-Sim Park, M.D. Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Ajou University Hospital, 164 World cup-ro, Yeongtong-gu, Suwon 16499, Korea Tel: +82-31-219-5150 Fax: +82-31-219-5154 E-mail:
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The role of neutrophils in inflammation resolution. Semin Immunol 2016; 28:137-45. [DOI: 10.1016/j.smim.2016.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 170] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2016] [Revised: 03/11/2016] [Accepted: 03/15/2016] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
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Wu B, Capilato J, Pham MP, Walker J, Spur B, Rodriguez A, Perez LJ, Yin K. Lipoxin A4 augments host defense in sepsis and reduces Pseudomonas aeruginosa virulence through quorum sensing inhibition. FASEB J 2016; 30:2400-10. [PMID: 26965685 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201500029r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2015] [Accepted: 02/29/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Bacterial infections can quickly turn into sepsis, with its attendant clinical sequelae of inflammation, tissue injury, and organ failure. Paradoxically, sustained inflammation in sepsis may lead to immune suppression, because of which the host is unable to clear the existing infection. Use of agents that suppress the inflammatory response may accelerate host immune suppression, whereas use of traditional antibiotics does not significantly affect inflammation. In this study, we investigated whether lipoxin A4 (LXA4), a specialized, proresolution lipid mediator, could increase neutrophil phagocytic activity as well as reduce bacterial virulence. Using the mouse cecal ligation and puncture (CLP) model of sepsis, the administration of LXA4 (7 μg/kg i.v.) 1 h after surgery increased neutrophil phagocytic ability and Fcγ receptor I (CD64) expression. Ex vivo studies have confirmed that the direct addition of LXA4 to CLP neutrophils increased phagocytic ability but not CD64 expression. LXA4 did not affect neutrophils taken from control mice in which CD64 expression was minimal. Taken together with in vivo data, these results suggest that LXA4 directly augments CD64-mediated neutrophil phagocytic ability but does not directly increase neutrophil CD64 expression. Bacterial communication and virulence is regulated by quorum sensing inducers. In Pseudomonas aeruginosa, virulence is induced with release of various virulence factors, by N-3-oxododecanolyl homoserine lactone binding to the quorum sensing receptor, LasR. We show that LXA4 is an inhibitor of LasR in P. aeruginosa and that it decreases the release of pyocyanin exotoxin. These results suggest that LXA4 has the novel dual properties of increasing host defense and decreasing pathogen virulence by inhibiting quorum sensing.-Wu, B., Capilato, J., Pham, M. P., Walker, J., Spur, B., Rodriguez, A., Perez, L. J., Yin, K. Lipoxin A4 augments host defense in sepsis and reduces Pseudomonas aeruginosa virulence through quorum sensing inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benedict Wu
- Department of Cell Biology, Rowan University School of Osteopathic Medicine, Stratford, New Jersey, USA; and
| | - Joseph Capilato
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Rowan University, Glassboro, New Jersey, USA
| | - Michelle P Pham
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Rowan University, Glassboro, New Jersey, USA
| | - Jean Walker
- Department of Cell Biology, Rowan University School of Osteopathic Medicine, Stratford, New Jersey, USA; and
| | - Bernd Spur
- Department of Cell Biology, Rowan University School of Osteopathic Medicine, Stratford, New Jersey, USA; and
| | - Ana Rodriguez
- Department of Cell Biology, Rowan University School of Osteopathic Medicine, Stratford, New Jersey, USA; and
| | - Lark J Perez
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Rowan University, Glassboro, New Jersey, USA
| | - Kingsley Yin
- Department of Cell Biology, Rowan University School of Osteopathic Medicine, Stratford, New Jersey, USA; and
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Yuan ZX, Rapoport SI. Transient postnatal fluoxetine decreases brain concentrations of 20-HETE and 15-epi-LXA4, arachidonic acid metabolites in adult mice. Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids 2015; 101:9-14. [PMID: 26234927 PMCID: PMC4581970 DOI: 10.1016/j.plefa.2015.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2015] [Revised: 07/11/2015] [Accepted: 07/13/2015] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Transient postnatal exposure of rodents to the selective serotonin (5-HT) reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) fluoxetine alters behavior and brain 5-HT neurotransmission during adulthood, and also reduces brain arachidonic (ARA) metabolic consumption and protein level of the ARA metabolizing enzyme, cytochrome P4504A (CYP4A). HYPOTHESIS Brain 20-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid (20-HETE), converted by CYP4A from ARA, will be reduced in adult mice treated transiently and postnatally with fluoxetine. METHODS Male mice pups were injected i.p. daily with fluoxetine (10mg/kg) or saline during P4-P21. At P90 their brain was high-energy microwaved and analyzed for 20-HETE and six other ARA metabolites by enzyme immunoassay. RESULTS Postnatal fluoxetine vs. saline significantly decreased brain concentrations of 20-HETE (-70.3%) and 15-epi-lipoxin A4 (-60%) in adult mice, but did not change other eicosanoid concentrations. CONCLUSIONS Behavioral changes in adult mice treated postnatally with fluoxetine may be related to reduced brain ARA metabolism involving CYP4A and 20-HETE formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Xin Yuan
- Brain Physiology and Metabolism Section, Laboratory of Neurosciences, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Stanley I Rapoport
- Brain Physiology and Metabolism Section, Laboratory of Neurosciences, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
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Romano M, Cianci E, Simiele F, Recchiuti A. Lipoxins and aspirin-triggered lipoxins in resolution of inflammation. Eur J Pharmacol 2015; 760:49-63. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2015.03.083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2015] [Revised: 03/27/2015] [Accepted: 03/30/2015] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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Abstract
Lipoxygenases (LOX) form a family of lipid peroxidizing enzymes, which have been implicated in a number of physiological processes and in the pathogenesis of inflammatory, hyperproliferative and neurodegenerative diseases. They occur in two of the three domains of terrestrial life (bacteria, eucarya) and the human genome involves six functional LOX genes, which encode for six different LOX isoforms. One of these isoforms is ALOX15, which has first been described in rabbits in 1974 as enzyme capable of oxidizing membrane phospholipids during the maturational breakdown of mitochondria in immature red blood cells. During the following decades ALOX15 has extensively been characterized and its biological functions have been studied in a number of cellular in vitro systems as well as in various whole animal disease models. This review is aimed at summarizing the current knowledge on the protein-chemical, molecular biological and enzymatic properties of ALOX15 in various species (human, mouse, rabbit, rat) as well as its implication in cellular physiology and in the pathogenesis of various diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Igor Ivanov
- Institute of Biochemistry, Charité - University Medicine Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, CCO-Building, Virchowweg 6, D-10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Hartmut Kuhn
- Institute of Biochemistry, Charité - University Medicine Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, CCO-Building, Virchowweg 6, D-10117 Berlin, Germany.
| | - Dagmar Heydeck
- Institute of Biochemistry, Charité - University Medicine Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, CCO-Building, Virchowweg 6, D-10117 Berlin, Germany
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Smith HK, Gil CD, Oliani SM, Gavins FNE. Targeting formyl peptide receptor 2 reduces leukocyte-endothelial interactions in a murine model of stroke. FASEB J 2015; 29:2161-71. [PMID: 25690650 DOI: 10.1096/fj.14-263160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2014] [Accepted: 01/13/2015] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury following stroke can worsen patient outcome through excess inflammation. This study investigated the pharmacologic potential of targeting an endogenous anti-inflammatory circuit via formyl peptide receptor (FPR) 2/lipoxin receptor (ALX) (Fpr2/3 in mouse) in global cerebral I/R. Mice (C57BL/6 and Fpr2/3(-/-)) were subjected to bilateral common carotid artery occlusion, followed by reperfusion and treatment with FPR agonists: AnxA1Ac2-26 [Annexin A1 mimetic peptide (Ac-AMVSEFLKQAWFIENEEQEYVQTVK), 2.5 μg/kg] and 15-epimer-lipoxin A4 (15-epi-LXA4; FPR2/ALX specific, 12.5 and 100 ng/kg). Leukocyte-endothelial (L-E) interactions in the cerebral microvasculature were then quantified in vivo using intravital fluorescence microscopy. 15-epi-LXA4 administration at the start of reperfusion reduced L-E interactions after 40 min (which was sustained at 2 h with high-dose 15-epi-LXA4) to levels seen in sham-operated animals. AnxA1Ac2-26 treatment decreased leukocyte adhesion at 40 min and all L-E interactions at 2 h (up to 95%). Combined treatment with AnxA1Ac2-26 plus FPR antagonists t-Boc-FLFLF (250 ng/kg) or WRW4 (FPR2/ALX selective, 1.4 μg/kg) abrogated the effects of AnxA1Ac2-26 fully at 40 min. Antagonists were less effective at 2 h, which we demonstrate is likely because of their impact on early L-E interactions. Our findings indicate that FPR2/ALX activity elicits considerable control over vascular inflammatory responses during cerebral I/R and, therefore, provide evidence that targeting FPR2/ALX may be beneficial for patients who suffered from stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helen K Smith
- *Molecular and Cellular Physiology Department, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, Louisiana, USA; Division of Brain Sciences, Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom; and Departments of Morphology and Genetics and Biology, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Cristiane Damas Gil
- *Molecular and Cellular Physiology Department, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, Louisiana, USA; Division of Brain Sciences, Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom; and Departments of Morphology and Genetics and Biology, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Sonia M Oliani
- *Molecular and Cellular Physiology Department, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, Louisiana, USA; Division of Brain Sciences, Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom; and Departments of Morphology and Genetics and Biology, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Felicity N E Gavins
- *Molecular and Cellular Physiology Department, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, Louisiana, USA; Division of Brain Sciences, Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom; and Departments of Morphology and Genetics and Biology, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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Ramon S, Baker SF, Sahler JM, Kim N, Feldsott EA, Serhan CN, Martínez-Sobrido L, Topham DJ, Phipps RP. The specialized proresolving mediator 17-HDHA enhances the antibody-mediated immune response against influenza virus: a new class of adjuvant? JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY (BALTIMORE, MD. : 1950) 2014; 193:6031-40. [PMID: 25392529 PMCID: PMC4258475 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1302795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Influenza viruses remain a critical global health concern. More efficacious vaccines are needed to protect against influenza virus, yet few adjuvants are approved for routine use. Specialized proresolving mediators (SPMs) are powerful endogenous bioactive regulators of inflammation, with great clinical translational properties. In this study, we investigated the ability of the SPM 17-HDHA to enhance the adaptive immune response using an OVA immunization model and a preclinical influenza vaccination mouse model. Our findings revealed that mice immunized with OVA plus 17-HDHA or with H1N1-derived HA protein plus 17-HDHA increased Ag-specific Ab titers. 17-HDHA increased the number of Ab-secreting cells in vitro and the number of HA-specific Ab-secreting cells present in the bone marrow. Importantly, the 17-HDHA-mediated increased Ab production was more protective against live pH1N1 influenza infection in mice. To our knowledge, this is the first report on the biological effects of ω-3-derived SPMs on the humoral immune response. These findings illustrate a previously unknown biological link between proresolution signals and the adaptive immune system. Furthermore, this work has important implications for the understanding of B cell biology, as well as the development of new potential vaccine adjuvants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sesquile Ramon
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY 14642; Center for Experimental Therapeutics and Reperfusion Injury, Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115; and
| | - Steven F Baker
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY 14642
| | - Julie M Sahler
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY 14642
| | - Nina Kim
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY 14642
| | - Eric A Feldsott
- Department of Environmental Medicine, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY 14642
| | - Charles N Serhan
- Center for Experimental Therapeutics and Reperfusion Injury, Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115; and
| | - Luis Martínez-Sobrido
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY 14642
| | - David J Topham
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY 14642
| | - Richard P Phipps
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY 14642; Department of Environmental Medicine, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY 14642;
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Kuhn H, Banthiya S, van Leyen K. Mammalian lipoxygenases and their biological relevance. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids 2014; 1851:308-30. [PMID: 25316652 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2014.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 409] [Impact Index Per Article: 40.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2014] [Revised: 09/30/2014] [Accepted: 10/03/2014] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Lipoxygenases (LOXs) form a heterogeneous class of lipid peroxidizing enzymes, which have been implicated not only in cell proliferation and differentiation but also in the pathogenesis of various diseases with major public health relevance. As other fatty acid dioxygenases LOXs oxidize polyunsaturated fatty acids to their corresponding hydroperoxy derivatives, which are further transformed to bioactive lipid mediators (eicosanoids and related substances). On the other hand, lipoxygenases are key players in the regulation of the cellular redox homeostasis, which is an important element in gene expression regulation. Although the first mammalian lipoxygenases were discovered 40 years ago and although the enzymes have been well characterized with respect to their structural and functional properties the biological roles of the different lipoxygenase isoforms are not completely understood. This review is aimed at summarizing the current knowledge on the physiological roles of different mammalian LOX-isoforms and their patho-physiological function in inflammatory, metabolic, hyperproliferative, neurodegenerative and infectious disorders. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled "Oxygenated metabolism of PUFA: analysis and biological relevance".
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Affiliation(s)
- Hartmut Kuhn
- Institute of Biochemistry, University Medicine Berlin - Charite, Chariteplatz 1, CCO-Building, Virchowweg 6, D-10117 Berlin, Germany.
| | - Swathi Banthiya
- Institute of Biochemistry, University Medicine Berlin - Charite, Chariteplatz 1, CCO-Building, Virchowweg 6, D-10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Klaus van Leyen
- Neuroprotection Research Laboratory, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts Genrel Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, USA
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Yang F, Xie J, Wang W, Xie Y, Sun H, Jin Y, Xu D, Chen B, Andersson R, Zhou M. Regional arterial infusion with lipoxin A4 attenuates experimental severe acute pancreatitis. PLoS One 2014; 9:e108525. [PMID: 25265022 PMCID: PMC4180750 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0108525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2014] [Accepted: 08/27/2014] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Investigate the therapeutic effect of regional arterial infusion (RAI) with Aspirin-Triggered Lipoxin A4 (ATL) in experimental severe acute pancreatitis (SAP) in rats. Materials and Methods SAP was induced by injection of 5% sodium taurocholate into the pancreatic duct. Rats with SAP were treated with ATL (the ATL group) or physiological saline (the SAP group) infused via the left gastric artery 30 min after injection of sodium taurocholate. The sham group was subjected to the same surgical procedure, though without induction of SAP. Serum levels of amylase, phospholipase A2 (PLA2), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), IL-6 and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) were measured at 12 and 24 h after induction of SAP. Ascitic fluid, the pancreatic index (wet weight ratio) and myeloperoxidase (MPO) levels in the pancreas were determined and histopathological findings were evaluated. The expression of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), platelet endothelial cell adhesion molecule-1 (PECAM-1), NF-κB p65, and heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) in the pancreas were estimated by immunofluorescence and western blot, respectively. Results ATL rats had lower serum levels of TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 (P<0.01), PLA2 (P<0.05), and amylase levels (P<0.05) studied as compared with the SAP group. The pancreatic index in the ATL group decreased only at 24 h as compared with the SAP group (P<0.05). The histopathological findings and MPO levels in the pancreas significantly decreased in the ATL group as compared to the SAP group (P<0.05 and P<0.01, respectively). Immunofluorescence and western blot showed that ATL attenuated the expression of NF-κB p65, ICAM-1 and PECAM-1 in the pancreas, and increased the expression of HO-1 in SAP animals. Conclusions We demonstrated that RAI with ATL attenuated the severity of experimental SAP, maybe achieved by improving the expression of HO-1, and down-regulating the NF-κB signaling pathway, with decreased expression of ICAM-1 and PECAM-1 and reduced generation of pro-inflammatory cytokines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fajing Yang
- Department of Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Jianming Xie
- Department of Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Weiming Wang
- Department of Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Yangyun Xie
- Department of Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Hongwei Sun
- Department of Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Yuepeng Jin
- Department of Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Dan Xu
- School of Optometry and Ophthalmology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Bicheng Chen
- Zhejiang Provincial Top Key Discipline in surgery, Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Surgery, Department of Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejaing Province, China
| | - Roland Andersson
- Department of Surgery, Clinical Sciences Lund, Lund University and Lund University Hospital, Lund, Sweden
| | - Mengtao Zhou
- Department of Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
- * E-mail:
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Wisastra R, Dekker FJ. Inflammation, Cancer and Oxidative Lipoxygenase Activity are Intimately Linked. Cancers (Basel) 2014; 6:1500-21. [PMID: 25037020 PMCID: PMC4190552 DOI: 10.3390/cancers6031500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2014] [Revised: 06/27/2014] [Accepted: 07/02/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer and inflammation are intimately linked due to specific oxidative processes in the tumor microenvironment. Lipoxygenases are a versatile class of oxidative enzymes involved in arachidonic acid metabolism. An increasing number of arachidonic acid metabolites is being discovered and apart from their classically recognized pro-inflammatory effects, anti-inflammatory effects are also being described in recent years. Interestingly, these lipid mediators are involved in activation of pro-inflammatory signal transduction pathways such as the nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) pathway, which illustrates the intimate link between lipid signaling and transcription factor activation. The identification of the role of arachidonic acid metabolites in several inflammatory diseases led to a significant drug discovery effort around arachidonic acid metabolizing enzymes. However, to date success in this area has been limited. This might be attributed to the lack of selectivity of the developed inhibitors and to a lack of detailed understanding of the functional roles of arachidonic acid metabolites in inflammatory responses and cancer. This calls for a more detailed investigation of the activity of arachidonic acid metabolizing enzymes and development of more selective inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosalina Wisastra
- Pharmaceutical Gene Modulation, Groningen Research Institute of Pharmacy, University of Groningen, Antonius Deusinglaan 1, 9713 AV Groningen, The Netherlands.
| | - Frank J Dekker
- Pharmaceutical Gene Modulation, Groningen Research Institute of Pharmacy, University of Groningen, Antonius Deusinglaan 1, 9713 AV Groningen, The Netherlands.
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El-Agamy DS, Makled MN, Gamil NM. Protective effects of BML-111 against acetaminophen-induced acute liver injury in mice. J Physiol Biochem 2013; 70:141-9. [DOI: 10.1007/s13105-013-0288-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2013] [Accepted: 09/05/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Planagumà A, Domenech T, Jover I, Ramos I, Sentellas S, Malhotra R, Miralpeix M. Lack of activity of 15-epi-lipoxin A₄ on FPR2/ALX and CysLT1 receptors in interleukin-8-driven human neutrophil function. Clin Exp Immunol 2013; 173:298-309. [PMID: 23607720 DOI: 10.1111/cei.12110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/15/2013] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Neutrophil recruitment and survival are important control points in the development and resolution of inflammatory processes. 15-epi-lipoxin (LX)A interaction with formyl peptide receptor 2 (FPR2)/ALX receptor is suggested to enhance anti-inflammatory neutrophil functions and mediate resolution of airway inflammation. However, it has been reported that 15-epi-LXA₄ analogues can also bind to cysteinyl leukotriene receptor 1 (CysLT1) and that the CysLT1 antagonist MK-571 binds to FPR2/ALX, so cross-reactivity between FPR2/ALX and CysLT1 ligands cannot be discarded. It is not well established whether the resolution properties reported for 15-epi-LXA4 are mediated through FPR2/ALX, or if other receptors such as CysLT1 may also be involved. Evaluation of specific FPR2/ALX ligands and CysLT1 antagonists in functional biochemical and cellular assays were performed to establish a role for both receptors in 15-epi-LXA₄-mediated signalling and function. In our study, a FPR2/ALX synthetic peptide (WKYMVm) and a small molecule FPR2/ALX agonist (compound 43) induced FPR2/ALX-mediated signalling, enhancing guanosine triphosphate-gamma (GTPγ) binding and decreasing cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) levels, whereas 15-epi-LXA₄ was inactive. Furthermore, 15-epi-LXA4 showed neither binding affinity nor signalling towards CysLT1. In neutrophils, 15-epi-LXA₄ showed a moderate reduction of interleukin (IL)-8-mediated neutrophil chemotaxis but no effect on neutrophil survival was observed. In addition, CysLT1 antagonists were inactive in FPR2/ALX signalling or neutrophil assays. In conclusion, 15-epi-LXA₄ is not a functional agonist or an antagonist of FPR2/ALX or CysLT1, shows no effect on IL-8-induced neutrophil survival and produces only moderate inhibition in IL-8-mediated neutrophil migration. Our data do not support an anti-inflammatory role of 15-epi-LXA₄- FPR2/ALX interaction in IL-8-induced neutrophil inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Planagumà
- Respiratory Therapeutic Area-Discovery, Almirall, R&D Center, Sant Feliu de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain.
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Szabady RL, McCormick BA. Control of neutrophil inflammation at mucosal surfaces by secreted epithelial products. Front Immunol 2013; 4:220. [PMID: 23914188 PMCID: PMC3728559 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2013.00220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2013] [Accepted: 07/15/2013] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The human intestine is a large and delicately balanced organ, responsible for efficiently absorbing nutrients and selectively eliminating disease-causing pathogens. The gut architecture consists of a single layer of epithelial cells that forms a barrier against the food antigens and resident microbiota within the lumen. This barrier is augmented by a thick layer of mucus on the luminal side and an underlying lamina propria containing a resident population of immune cells. Attempted breaches of the intestinal barrier by pathogenic bacteria result in the rapid induction of a coordinated innate immune response that includes release of antimicrobial peptides, activation of pattern recognition receptors, and recruitment of various immune cells. In recent years, the role of epithelial cells in initiating this immune response has been increasingly appreciated. In particular, epithelial cells are responsible for the release of a variety of factors that attract neutrophils, the body's trained bacterial killers. In this review we will highlight recent research that details a new understanding of how epithelial cells directionally secrete specific compounds at distinct stages of the inflammatory response in order to coordinate the immune response to intestinal microbes. In addition to their importance during the response to infection, evidence suggests that dysregulation of these pathways may contribute to pathologic inflammation during inflammatory bowel disease. Therefore, a continued understanding of the mechanisms by which epithelial cells control neutrophil migration into the intestine will have tremendous benefits in both the understanding of biological processes and the identification of potential therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rose L Szabady
- Department of Microbiology and Physiological Systems, University of Massachusetts Medical School , Worcester, MA , USA
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Gras D, Chanez P, Vachier I, Petit A, Bourdin A. Bronchial epithelium as a target for innovative treatments in asthma. Pharmacol Ther 2013; 140:290-305. [PMID: 23880290 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2013.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2013] [Accepted: 07/10/2013] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Increasing evidence of a critical role played by the bronchial epithelium in airway homeostasis is opening new therapeutic avenues. Its unique situation at the interface with the environment suggests that the subtle regulation orchestrated by the epithelium between tolerance and specific immune response might be impaired in asthma. Airway mucus is acting as a physical and a biological fluid between the environment and the epithelium, synergistically moved by the cilia. In asthma, excessive mucus production is a hallmark of airway remodeling. Since many years we tried to therapeutically target mucus hypersecretion, but actually this option is still not achieved. The present review discusses the dynamic processes regulating airway mucus production. Airway inflammation is central in current asthma management. Understanding of how the airway epithelium influences the TH2 paradigm in response to deleterious agents is improving. The multiple receptors expressed by the airway epithelium are the transducers of the biological signals induced by various invasive agents to develop the most adapted response. Airway remodeling is observed in severe chronic airway diseases and may result from ongoing disturbance of signal transduction and epithelial renewal. Chronic airway diseases such as asthma will require assessment of these epithelial abnormalities to identify phenotypic characteristics associated with predicting a clinical benefit for epithelial-directed therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Delphine Gras
- UMR INSERM U1067 CNRS 7333, Aix-Marseille University, Marseille, France
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Relevance of the cyclophosphamide-induced cystitis model for pharmacological studies targeting inflammation and pain of the bladder. Eur J Pharmacol 2013; 707:32-40. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2013.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2012] [Revised: 03/01/2013] [Accepted: 03/08/2013] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Resolution of inflammation: mechanisms and opportunity for drug development. Pharmacol Ther 2013; 139:189-212. [PMID: 23583354 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2013.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 153] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2013] [Accepted: 04/01/2013] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Inflammation is a beneficial host reaction to tissue damage and has the essential primary purpose of restoring tissue homeostasis. Inflammation plays a major role in containing and resolving infection and may also occur under sterile conditions. The cardinal signs of inflammation dolor, calor, tumor and rubor are intrinsically associated with events including vasodilatation, edema and leukocyte trafficking into the site of inflammation. If uncontrolled or unresolved, inflammation itself can lead to further tissue damage and give rise to chronic inflammatory diseases and autoimmunity with eventual loss of organ function. It is now evident that the resolution of inflammation is an active continuous process that occurs during an acute inflammatory episode. Successful resolution requires activation of endogenous programs with switch from production of pro-inflammatory towards pro-resolving molecules, such as specific lipid mediators and annexin A1, and the non-phlogistic elimination of granulocytes by apoptosis with subsequent removal by surrounding macrophages. These processes ensure rapid restoration of tissue homeostasis. Here, we review recent advances in the understanding of resolution of inflammation, highlighting the pharmacological strategies that may interfere with the molecular pathways which control leukocyte survival and clearance. Such strategies have proved beneficial in several pre-clinical models of inflammatory diseases, suggesting that pharmacological modulation of the resolution process may be useful for the treatment of chronic inflammatory diseases in humans.
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