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Lu L, Sun Z, Wang R, Du Y, Zhang Z, Lan T, Song Y, Zeng R. Integration of transcriptome and metabolome analyses reveals the role of OsSPL10 in rice defense against brown planthopper. PLANT CELL REPORTS 2023; 42:2023-2038. [PMID: 37819387 DOI: 10.1007/s00299-023-03080-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023]
Abstract
KEY MESSAGE OsSPL10 is a negative regulator of rice defense against BPH, knockout of OsSPL10 enhances BPH resistance through upregulation of defense-related genes and accumulation of secondary metabolites. Rice (Oryza sativa L.), one of the most important staple foods worldwide, is frequently attacked by various herbivores, including brown planthopper (BPH, Nilaparvata lugens). BPH is a typical monophagous, phloem-sucking herbivore that has been a substantial threat to rice production and global food security. Understanding the regulatory mechanism of defense responses to BPH is essential for improving BPH resistance in rice. In this study, a SQUAMOSA PROMOTER-BINDING PROTEIN-LIKE 10 (OsSPL10) transcription factor was found to play a negative role in the defenses of rice against BPH. To gain insights into the molecular and biochemical mechanisms of OsSPL10, we performed combined analyses of transcriptome and metabolome, and revealed that knockout of OsSPL10 gene improved rice resistance against BPH by enhancing the direct and indirect defenses. Genes involved in plant hormone signal transduction, MAPK signaling pathway, phenylpropanoid biosynthesis, and plant-pathogen interaction pathway were significantly upregulated in spl10 mutant. Moreover, spl10 mutant exhibited increased accumulation of defense-related secondary metabolites in the phenylpropanoid and terpenoid pathways. Our findings reveal a novel role for OsSPL10 gene in regulating the rice defense responses, which can be used as a potential target for genetic improvement of BPH resistance in rice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Long Lu
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Genetics, Breeding and Multiple Utilization of Crops, College of Agriculture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhongxiang Sun
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Genetics, Breeding and Multiple Utilization of Crops, College of Agriculture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, People's Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of Conservation and Utilization of Biological Resources of Yunnan, College of Plant Protection, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, People's Republic of China
| | - Rumeng Wang
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Genetics, Breeding and Multiple Utilization of Crops, College of Agriculture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, People's Republic of China
| | - Yifei Du
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Genetics, Breeding and Multiple Utilization of Crops, College of Agriculture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, People's Republic of China
| | - Zaoli Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Genetics, Breeding and Multiple Utilization of Crops, College of Agriculture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, People's Republic of China
| | - Tao Lan
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Genetics, Breeding and Multiple Utilization of Crops, College of Agriculture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yuanyuan Song
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Genetics, Breeding and Multiple Utilization of Crops, College of Agriculture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, People's Republic of China.
| | - Rensen Zeng
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Genetics, Breeding and Multiple Utilization of Crops, College of Agriculture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, People's Republic of China.
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Bouyahya A, El Omari N, Hakkour M, El Menyiy N, Benali T, Kulikov D, Karpukhin M, Shariati MA, Venkidasamy B, Thiruvengadam M, Chamkhi I. A review on transcriptomic and metabolomic responses of plants to nanopollution. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:22913-22929. [PMID: 35064510 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-18659-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2021] [Accepted: 01/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Nanoparticles (NPs) are tiny substances that can exist in the soil with different forms at different concentrations. In general, they present enormous effects on the growth, physiology, and molecular responses in plants. Indeed, they can penetrate the roots, stem, and leaves via different ways like stomata, plasmodesmata, xylem, and phloem and through transporter proteins like aquaporins. Once entered the plants, NPs induce reactive oxygen species (ROS) formation, and the plants respond to ROS by stimulates the production of antioxidants and antioxidant enzymes as well as the production of various primary and secondary metabolites like flavonoids and phenolic compounds. In addition, NPs have significantly affected the distribution of mineral profiles in plants. NPs considerably affect plant growth and yield in a dose-dependent fashion. At higher concentrations, they induced potent cytotoxicity and genotoxicity and thus reduced the growth and development of plants in turn decrease the yield. NPs exert potent changes in the transcriptome and metabolome pattern of plants to counteract the ROS imposed by NPs. This review depicts the overview of transcriptomic and metabolomic responses of plants towards nanopollution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdelhakim Bouyahya
- Laboratory of Human Pathologies Biology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, and Genomic Center of Human Pathologies, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Nasreddine El Omari
- Laboratory of Histology, Embryology, and Cytogenetic, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Raba, Morocco
| | - Maryam Hakkour
- Laboratory of Biodiversity, Ecology, and Genome, Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Naoual El Menyiy
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah, Fez, Morocco
| | - Taoufiq Benali
- Environment and Health Team, Polydisciplinary Faculty of Safi, Cadi Ayyad University, Safi, Morocco
| | - Dmitriy Kulikov
- K.G. Razumovsky Moscow State University of Technologies and Management (the First Cossack University), Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Mikhail Karpukhin
- Department of vegetable growing and fruit growing of the prof. N.F. Konyaev, Ural State Agrarian University, 42 K.Liebknecht st, 620075, Yekaterinburg, Russian Federation
| | - Mohammad Ali Shariati
- K.G. Razumovsky Moscow State University of Technologies and Management (the First Cossack University), Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Baskar Venkidasamy
- Department of Biotechnology, Sri Shakthi Institute of Engineering and Technology, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, 641062, India.
| | - Muthu Thiruvengadam
- Department of Crop Science, College of Sanghuh Life Science, Konkuk University, 05029, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| | - Imane Chamkhi
- Centre GEOPAC, Laboratoire de Geobiodiversite Et Patrimoine Naturel, Université Mohammed V de Rabat, Institut Scientifique Rabat, Rabat, Morocco
- University Mohammed VI Polytechnic, Agrobiosciences Program, Lot 660, Hay Moulay Rachid, Benguerir, Morocco
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Alpuerto JB, Fukuda M, Li S, Hussain RMF, Sakane K, Fukao T. The submergence tolerance regulator SUB1A differentially coordinates molecular adaptation to submergence in mature and growing leaves of rice (Oryza sativa L.). THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2022; 110:71-87. [PMID: 34978355 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.15654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2021] [Revised: 12/06/2021] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
A typical adaptive response to submergence regulated by SUB1A, the ethylene-responsive transcription factor gene, is the restricted elongation of the uppermost leaves. However, the molecular and physiological functions of SUB1A have been characterized using entire shoot tissues, most of which are mature leaves that do not elongate under submergence. We aimed to identify leaf-type-specific and overlapping adaptations coordinated in SUB1A-dependent and -independent manners. To this end, we compared the transcriptomic and hormonal responses to submergence between mature and growing leaves using rice genotypes with and without SUB1A. Monosaccharide, branched-chain amino acid, and nucleoside metabolism, associated with ATP synthesis, were commonly activated in both leaf types regardless of genotype. In both leaf types, pathways involved in carbohydrate and nitrogen metabolism were suppressed by SUB1A, with more severe restriction in growing leaves that have a greater energy demand if SUB1A is absent. In growing leaves, accumulation of and responsiveness to growth-regulating hormones were properly modulated by SUB1A, which correlated with restricted elongation. In mature leaves, submergence-induced auxin accumulation was suppressed by SUB1A. This study demonstrates that different sets of hormonal pathways, both of which are modulated by SUB1A, contribute to distinct adaptive responses to submergence in mature and growing rice leaves.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jasper B Alpuerto
- School of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, 24061, USA
| | - Mika Fukuda
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Fukui Prefectural University, Eiheiji, Fukui, 910-1195, Japan
| | - Song Li
- School of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, 24061, USA
| | - Rana M F Hussain
- School of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, 24061, USA
| | - Kodai Sakane
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Fukui Prefectural University, Eiheiji, Fukui, 910-1195, Japan
| | - Takeshi Fukao
- School of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, 24061, USA
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Fukui Prefectural University, Eiheiji, Fukui, 910-1195, Japan
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Global Identification and Characterization of C2 Domain-Containing Proteins Associated with Abiotic Stress Response in Rice (Oryza sativa L.). Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23042221. [PMID: 35216337 PMCID: PMC8875736 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23042221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2022] [Revised: 02/14/2022] [Accepted: 02/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
C2 domain-containing proteins (C2DPs) have been identified in different genomes that contain single or multiple C2 domains in their C- or N-terminal. It possesses higher functional activity in the transmembrane regions. The identification of C2 domains were reported in a previous study, such as multiple C2 domains and transmembrane-region proteins (MCTPs) and N-terminal-TM-C2 domain proteins (NTMC2s) of rice, Arabidopsis thaliana, and cotton, whereas the C2DP gene family in rice has not been comprehensively studied, and the role of the C2DP gene in rice in response to abiotic stress is not yet fully understood. In this study, we identified 82 C2DPs in the rice genome and divided them into seven groups through phylogenetic analysis. The synteny analysis revealed that duplication events were either exhibited within the genome of rice or between the genomes of rice and other species. Through the analysis of cis-acting elements in promoters, expression profiles, and qRT-PCR results, the functions of OsC2DPs were found to be widely distributed in diverse tissues and were extensively involved in phytohormones-related and abiotic stresses response in rice. The prediction of the microRNA (miRNA) targets of OsC2DPs revealed the possibility of regulation by consistent miRNAs. Notably, OsC2DP50/51/52 as a co-tandem duplication exhibited similar expression variations and involved the coincident miRNA-regulation pathway. Moreover, the results of the genotypic variation and haplotype analysis revealed that OsC2DP17, OsC2DP29, and OsC2DP49 were associated with cold stress responses. These findings provided comprehensive insights for characterizations of OsC2DPs in rice as well as for their roles for abiotic stress.
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Li Y, Cheah BH, Fang YF, Kuang YH, Lin SC, Liao CT, Huang SH, Lin YF, Chuang WP. Transcriptomics identifies key defense mechanisms in rice resistant to both leaf-feeding and phloem feeding herbivores. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2021; 21:306. [PMID: 34193042 PMCID: PMC8243607 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-021-03068-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2021] [Accepted: 05/26/2021] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Outbreaks of insect pests in paddy fields cause heavy losses in global rice yield annually, a threat projected to be aggravated by ongoing climate warming. Although significant progress has been made in the screening and cloning of insect resistance genes in rice germplasm and their introgression into modern cultivars, improved rice resistance is only effective against either chewing or phloem-feeding insects. RESULTS In this study, the results from standard and modified seedbox screening, settlement preference and honeydew excretion tests consistently showed that Qingliu, a previously known leaffolder-resistant rice variety, is also moderately resistant to brown planthopper (BPH). High-throughput RNA sequencing showed a higher number of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) at the infestation site, with 2720 DEGs in leaves vs 181 DEGs in sheaths for leaffolder herbivory and 450 DEGs in sheaths vs 212 DEGs in leaves for BPH infestation. The leaf-specific transcriptome revealed that Qingliu responds to leaffolder feeding by activating jasmonic acid biosynthesis genes and genes regulating the shikimate and phenylpropanoid pathways that are essential for the biosynthesis of salicylic acid, melatonin, flavonoids and lignin defensive compounds. The sheath-specific transcriptome revealed that Qingliu responds to BPH infestation by inducing salicylic acid-responsive genes and those controlling cellular signaling cascades. Taken together these genes could play a role in triggering defense mechanisms such as cell wall modifications and cuticular wax formation. CONCLUSIONS This study highlighted the key defensive responses of a rarely observed rice variety Qingliu that has resistance to attacks by two different feeding guilds of herbivores. The leaffolders are leaf-feeder while the BPHs are phloem feeders, consequently Qingliu is considered to have dual resistance. Although the defense responses of Qingliu to both insect pest types appear largely dissimilar, the phenylpropanoid pathway (or more specifically phenylalanine ammonia-lyase genes) could be a convergent upstream pathway. However, this possibility requires further studies. This information is valuable for breeding programs aiming to generate broad spectrum insect resistance in rice cultivars.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Li
- Department of Agronomy, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan
| | - Boon Huat Cheah
- Department of Agronomy, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Fu Fang
- Department of Agronomy, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan
| | - Yun-Hung Kuang
- Department of Agronomy, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan
| | - Shau-Ching Lin
- Department of Agronomy, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan
| | - Chung-Ta Liao
- Crop Environment Section, Taichung District Agricultural Research and Extension Station, COA, Changhua Country, 51544, Taiwan
| | - Shou-Horng Huang
- Department of Plant Protection, Chiayi Agricultural Experiment Station, Taiwan Agricultural Research Institute, Council of Agriculture, Chiayi, 60044, Taiwan
| | - Ya-Fen Lin
- Department of Agronomy, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Po Chuang
- Department of Agronomy, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan.
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Li P, Fan R, Peng Z, Qing Y, Fang Z. Transcriptome analysis of resistance mechanism to potato wart disease. Open Life Sci 2021; 16:475-481. [PMID: 34027104 PMCID: PMC8122464 DOI: 10.1515/biol-2021-0045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2020] [Revised: 12/09/2020] [Accepted: 12/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
To understand the molecular mechanism of the resistance to potato wart disease, we used the potato cultivar Qingshu 9 as the experimental material and prepared potato samples with different levels of disease through inoculation. The RNAs of the samples were extracted, and transcriptome analysis was performed on the samples not infected by the disease (control group) and also on the samples with different levels of disease, with the aid of high-throughput sequencing. Next, the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) associated with the resistance to potato wart disease were identified based on the analysis results. Using bioinformatic tools, the DEGs were functionally annotated, classified, and enriched in related metabolic pathways. The main results are as follows: Compared with the control group, 4 DEGs were identified in the samples with light disease, 52 were found in the samples with medium disease, and 214 were discovered in the samples with heavy disease. Potato mainly resists the wart disease by suppressing its gene expression, and the degree of suppression depends on the level of the disease; the disease resistance might be dominated by cellular nucleic acid-binding protein, AP2-like transcription factor, and E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase. This research provides new insights into the molecular mechanism of potato resistance against wart disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peihua Li
- College of Agronomy, Xichang Univeristy, Xichang, Sichuan 615013, China
| | - Ruihong Fan
- College of Agronomy, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China
| | - Zhengsong Peng
- College of Agronomy, Xichang Univeristy, Xichang, Sichuan 615013, China
| | - Yuan Qing
- College of Agronomy, Xichang Univeristy, Xichang, Sichuan 615013, China
| | - Zhirong Fang
- College of Agronomy, Xichang Univeristy, Xichang, Sichuan 615013, China
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O'Hara NB, Franks SJ, Kane NC, Tittes S, Rest JS. Evolution of pathogen response genes associated with increased disease susceptibility during adaptation to an extreme drought in a Brassica rapa plant population. BMC Ecol Evol 2021; 21:61. [PMID: 33882815 PMCID: PMC8060997 DOI: 10.1186/s12862-021-01789-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2019] [Accepted: 04/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Pathogens are key components in natural and agricultural plant systems. There is evidence of evolutionary changes in disease susceptibility as a consequence of climate change, but we know little about the underlying genetic basis of this evolution. To address this, we took advantage of a historical seed collection of a Brassica rapa population, which we previously demonstrated evolved an increase in disease susceptibility to a necrotrophic fungal pathogen following a drought. Results Previously, we combined a resurrection experiment with genome-wide sequencing of 124 pooled ancestral and descendant plants. Here, using these previously generated sequence data (Franks et al. in Mol Ecol 25(15):3622–3631, 2016), we show that well-characterized necrotrophic fungal pathogen response (NFPR) genes have evolved, as indicated by changes in allele frequency, between ancestors and descendants, with several of them identified as extreme FST outliers. The jasmonic acid (JA) signaling pathway in particular seems to underlie the evolution of disease susceptibility, in addition to its well characterized role in plastic disease response. We identify a list of 260 genes that are both NFPR genes and are differentially expressed in response to drought, based on publicly available data. We present evidence that five of these genes evolved between ancestors and descendants, suggesting that the drought acted as the evolutionary driver, and that the accompanying increase in disease susceptibility may have been a consequence of genetic pleiotropy. Conclusions Our study provides evidence that for this population, standing variation in NFPR genes is affected by natural selection related to climate change. Our results reveal potentially important candidates that may underlie trait evolution in both crops and natural systems. Additionally, this trade-off between adaptation to biotic and abiotic stresses is an example of how climate change can have diverse and unexpected consequences. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12862-021-01789-7.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niamh B O'Hara
- Jacobs Technion-Cornell Institute, Cornell Tech, New York, NY, 10011, USA. .,Department of Biological Sciences, Fordham University, Bronx, NY, 10458, USA. .,Department of Ecology and Evolution, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, 11794, USA.
| | - Steven J Franks
- Department of Biological Sciences, Fordham University, Bronx, NY, 10458, USA
| | - Nolan C Kane
- Department of Ecology and Evolution, The University of Colorado at Boulder, Boulder, CO, 80309, USA
| | - Silas Tittes
- Department of Ecology and Evolution, The University of Colorado at Boulder, Boulder, CO, 80309, USA
| | - Joshua S Rest
- Department of Ecology and Evolution, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, 11794, USA
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Gupta C, Ramegowda V, Basu S, Pereira A. Using Network-Based Machine Learning to Predict Transcription Factors Involved in Drought Resistance. Front Genet 2021. [PMID: 34249082 DOI: 10.1101/2020.04.29.068379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Gene regulatory networks underpin stress response pathways in plants. However, parsing these networks to prioritize key genes underlying a particular trait is challenging. Here, we have built the Gene Regulation and Association Network (GRAiN) of rice (Oryza sativa). GRAiN is an interactive query-based web-platform that allows users to study functional relationships between transcription factors (TFs) and genetic modules underlying abiotic-stress responses. We built GRAiN by applying a combination of different network inference algorithms to publicly available gene expression data. We propose a supervised machine learning framework that complements GRAiN in prioritizing genes that regulate stress signal transduction and modulate gene expression under drought conditions. Our framework converts intricate network connectivity patterns of 2160 TFs into a single drought score. We observed that TFs with the highest drought scores define the functional, structural, and evolutionary characteristics of drought resistance in rice. Our approach accurately predicted the function of OsbHLH148 TF, which we validated using in vitro protein-DNA binding assays and mRNA sequencing loss-of-function mutants grown under control and drought stress conditions. Our network and the complementary machine learning strategy lends itself to predicting key regulatory genes underlying other agricultural traits and will assist in the genetic engineering of desirable rice varieties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chirag Gupta
- Department of Crop, Soil, and Environmental Sciences, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, United States
| | - Venkategowda Ramegowda
- Department of Crop, Soil, and Environmental Sciences, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, United States
| | - Supratim Basu
- Department of Crop, Soil, and Environmental Sciences, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, United States
| | - Andy Pereira
- Department of Crop, Soil, and Environmental Sciences, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, United States
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Rajagopalan N, Lu Y, Burton IW, Monteil-Rivera F, Halasz A, Reimer E, Tweidt R, Brûlé-Babel A, Kutcher HR, You FM, Cloutier S, Cuperlovic-Culf M, Hiebert CW, McCallum BD, Loewen MC. A phenylpropanoid diglyceride associates with the leaf rust resistance Lr34res gene in wheat. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2020; 178:112456. [PMID: 32692663 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2020.112456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2020] [Revised: 07/03/2020] [Accepted: 07/05/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The gene Lr34res is one of the most long-lasting sources of quantitative fungal resistance in wheat. It is shown to be effective against leaf, stem, and stripe rusts, as well as powdery mildew and spot blotch. Recent biochemical characterizations of the encoded ABC transporter have outlined a number of allocrites, including phospholipids and abscisic acid, consistent with the established general promiscuity of ABC transporters, but ultimately leaving its mechanism of rust resistance unclear. Working with flag leaves of Triticum aestivum L. variety 'Thatcher' (Tc) and a near-isogenic line of 'Thatcher' into which the Lr34res allele was introgressed (Tc+Lr34res; RL6058), a comparative semi-targeted metabolomics analysis of flavonoid-rich extracts revealed virtually identical profiles with the exception of one metabolite accumulating in Tc+Lr34res, which was not present at comparable levels in Tc. Structural characterization of the purified metabolite revealed a phenylpropanoid diglyceride structure, 1-O-p-coumaroyl-3-O-feruloylglycerol (CFG). Additional profiling of CFG across a collection of near-isogenic lines and representative Lr34 haplotypes highlighted a broad association between the presence of Lr34res and elevated accumulations of CFG. Depletion of CFG upon infection, juxtaposed to its relatively lower anti-fungal activity, suggests CFG may serve as a storage form of the more potent anti-microbial hydroxycinnamic acids that are accessed during defense responses. Altogether these findings suggest a role for the encoded LR34res ABC transporter in modifying the accumulation of CFG, leading to increased accumulation of anti-fungal metabolites, essentially priming the wheat plant for defense.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nandhakishore Rajagopalan
- National Research Council of Canada, Aquatic and Crop Resources Development Research Center, 110 Gymnasium Place, Saskatoon, SK, S7N 0W9, Canada
| | - Yuping Lu
- National Research Council of Canada, Aquatic and Crop Resources Development Research Center, 110 Gymnasium Place, Saskatoon, SK, S7N 0W9, Canada
| | - Ian W Burton
- National Research Council of Canada, Aquatic and Crop Resources Development Research Center, 1411 Oxford St., Halifax, NS, B3H 3Z1, Canada
| | - Fanny Monteil-Rivera
- National Research Council of Canada, Aquatic and Crop Resources Development Research Center, 6100 Royalmount Avenue, Montreal, QC, H4P 2R2, Canada
| | - Annamaria Halasz
- National Research Council of Canada, Energy Mining and Environment Research Center, 6100 Royalmount Avenue, Montreal, QC, H4P 2R2, Canada
| | - Elsa Reimer
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Morden Research and Development Center, 101 Route 100, Unit 100, Morden, Manitoba, R6M 1Y5, Canada
| | - Rebecca Tweidt
- Department of Plant Sciences and the Crop Development Center, University of Saskatchewan, 51 Campus Drive, Saskatoon, SK, S7N 5A8, Canada
| | - Anita Brûlé-Babel
- Department of Plant Science, University of Manitoba, 66 Dafoe Rd. Winnipeg, MB, R3T 2N2, Canada
| | - Hadley R Kutcher
- Department of Plant Sciences and the Crop Development Center, University of Saskatchewan, 51 Campus Drive, Saskatoon, SK, S7N 5A8, Canada
| | - Frank M You
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Ottawa Research and Development Centre, 960 Carling Avenue, Ottawa, ON, K1A 0C6, Canada
| | - Sylvie Cloutier
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Ottawa Research and Development Centre, 960 Carling Avenue, Ottawa, ON, K1A 0C6, Canada
| | - Miroslava Cuperlovic-Culf
- National Research Council of Canada, Digital Technologies Research Center, 1200 Montreal Road, Ottawa, ON, K1A 0R6, Canada
| | - Colin W Hiebert
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Morden Research and Development Center, 101 Route 100, Unit 100, Morden, Manitoba, R6M 1Y5, Canada
| | - Brent D McCallum
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Morden Research and Development Center, 101 Route 100, Unit 100, Morden, Manitoba, R6M 1Y5, Canada
| | - Michele C Loewen
- National Research Council of Canada, Aquatic and Crop Resources Development Research Center, 100 Sussex Drive, Ottawa, ON, K1A 5A2, Canada.
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10
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Gupta BB, Selter LL, Baranwal VK, Arora D, Mishra SK, Sirohi P, Poonia AK, Chaudhary R, Kumar R, Krattinger SG, Chauhan H. Updated inventory, evolutionary and expression analyses of G (PDR) type ABC transporter genes of rice. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2019; 142:429-439. [PMID: 31419645 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2019.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2019] [Revised: 08/07/2019] [Accepted: 08/08/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
ABC transporters constitute the largest family of transporter proteins in living organisms and divided into eight subfamilies, from A-H. ABCG members, specific to plants and fungi, belong to subfamily G. In this study, we provide updated inventory, detailed account of phylogeny, gene structure characteristics, and expression profiling during reproductive development, abiotic and biotic stresses of members of ABCG gene family in rice along with reannotation and cloning of FL-cDNA of OsABCG50/PDR23. We observed that of the 22 ABCGs/PDRs, four genes evolved as a result of gene duplication events and their expression pattern changed after duplication. Analysis of expression revealed seed and developmental stage preferential expression of five ABCG/PDR members. Transcript levels of eight ABCGs/PDRs were affected by abiotic and biotic stresses. Expression of seven ABCG/PDR genes was also altered by hormonal elicitors. The modulated expression is nicely correlated with the presence of tissue/stress specific cis-acting elements present in putative promoter region.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Liselotte L Selter
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Vinay K Baranwal
- Swami Devanand Post Graduate College, Math-Lar, Deoria, U. P, India
| | - Deepanksha Arora
- Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, India; VIB Department of Plant Systems Biology, Ghent University, Belgium
| | | | | | | | | | - Rahul Kumar
- School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, India
| | - Simon G Krattinger
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland; King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering Division (BESE), Thuwal, Saudi Arabia
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11
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Krattinger SG, Kang J, Bräunlich S, Boni R, Chauhan H, Selter LL, Robinson MD, Schmid MW, Wiederhold E, Hensel G, Kumlehn J, Sucher J, Martinoia E, Keller B. Abscisic acid is a substrate of the ABC transporter encoded by the durable wheat disease resistance gene Lr34. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2019; 223:853-866. [PMID: 30913300 PMCID: PMC6618152 DOI: 10.1111/nph.15815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2018] [Accepted: 03/20/2019] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
The wheat Lr34res allele, coding for an ATP-binding cassette transporter, confers durable resistance against multiple fungal pathogens. The Lr34sus allele, differing from Lr34res by two critical nucleotide polymorphisms, is found in susceptible wheat cultivars. Lr34res is functionally transferrable as a transgene into all major cereals, including rice, barley, maize, and sorghum. Here, we used transcriptomics, physiology, genetics, and in vitro and in vivo transport assays to study the molecular function of Lr34. We report that Lr34res results in a constitutive induction of transcripts reminiscent of an abscisic acid (ABA)-regulated response in transgenic rice. Lr34-expressing rice was altered in biological processes that are controlled by this phytohormone, including dehydration tolerance, transpiration and seedling growth. In planta seedling and in vitro yeast accumulation assays revealed that both LR34res and LR34sus act as ABA transporters. However, whereas the LR34res protein was detected in planta the LR34sus version was not, suggesting a post-transcriptional regulatory mechanism. Our results identify ABA as a substrate of the LR34 ABC transporter. We conclude that LR34res-mediated ABA redistribution has a major effect on the transcriptional response and physiology of Lr34res-expressing plants and that ABA is a candidate molecule that contributes to Lr34res-mediated disease resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon G. Krattinger
- Department of Plant and Microbial BiologyUniversity of ZurichZurichSwitzerland
- Biological and Environmental Science & Engineering DivisionKing Abdullah University of Science and TechnologyThuwalSaudi Arabia
| | - Joohyun Kang
- Department of Plant and Microbial BiologyUniversity of ZurichZurichSwitzerland
| | - Stephanie Bräunlich
- Department of Plant and Microbial BiologyUniversity of ZurichZurichSwitzerland
| | - Rainer Boni
- Department of Plant and Microbial BiologyUniversity of ZurichZurichSwitzerland
| | - Harsh Chauhan
- Department of Plant and Microbial BiologyUniversity of ZurichZurichSwitzerland
| | - Liselotte L. Selter
- Department of Plant and Microbial BiologyUniversity of ZurichZurichSwitzerland
| | - Mark D. Robinson
- Institute of Molecular Life SciencesUniversity of ZurichZurichSwitzerland
- SIB Swiss Institute of BioinformaticsUniversity of ZurichZurichSwitzerland
| | - Marc W. Schmid
- Department of Plant and Microbial BiologyUniversity of ZurichZurichSwitzerland
| | - Elena Wiederhold
- Department of Plant and Microbial BiologyUniversity of ZurichZurichSwitzerland
| | - Goetz Hensel
- Plant Reproductive BiologyLeibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK) GaterslebenSeeland/OT, GaterslebenGermany
| | - Jochen Kumlehn
- Plant Reproductive BiologyLeibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK) GaterslebenSeeland/OT, GaterslebenGermany
| | - Justine Sucher
- Department of Plant and Microbial BiologyUniversity of ZurichZurichSwitzerland
| | - Enrico Martinoia
- Department of Plant and Microbial BiologyUniversity of ZurichZurichSwitzerland
| | - Beat Keller
- Department of Plant and Microbial BiologyUniversity of ZurichZurichSwitzerland
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12
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Qi PF, Jiang YF, Guo ZR, Chen Q, Ouellet T, Zong LJ, Wei ZZ, Wang Y, Zhang YZ, Xu BJ, Kong L, Deng M, Wang JR, Chen GY, Jiang QT, Lan XJ, Li W, Wei YM, Zheng YL. Transcriptional reference map of hormone responses in wheat spikes. BMC Genomics 2019; 20:390. [PMID: 31109305 PMCID: PMC6528200 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-019-5726-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2018] [Accepted: 04/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Phytohormones are key regulators of plant growth, development, and signalling networks involved in responses to diverse biotic and abiotic stresses. Transcriptional reference maps of hormone responses have been reported for several model plant species such as Arabidopsis thaliana, Oryza sativa, and Brachypodium distachyon. However, because of species differences and the complexity of the wheat genome, these transcriptome data are not appropriate reference material for wheat studies. Results We comprehensively analysed the transcriptomic responses in wheat spikes to seven phytohormones, including indole acetic acid (IAA), gibberellic acid (GA), abscisic acid (ABA), ethylene (ET), cytokinin (CK), salicylic acid (SA), and methyl jasmonic acid (MeJA). A total of 3386 genes were differentially expressed at 24 h after the hormone treatments. Furthermore, 22.7% of these genes exhibited overlapping transcriptional responses for at least two hormones, implying there is crosstalk among phytohormones. We subsequently identified genes with expression levels that were significantly and differentially induced by a specific phytohormone (i.e., hormone-specific responses). The data for these hormone-responsive genes were then compared with the transcriptome data for wheat spikes exposed to biotic (Fusarium head blight) and abiotic (water deficit) stresses. Conclusion Our data were used to develop a transcriptional reference map of hormone responses in wheat spikes. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12864-019-5726-x) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng-Fei Qi
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics of Disease Resistance and Disease Control, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China. .,Triticeae Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China.
| | - Yun-Feng Jiang
- Triticeae Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Zhen-Ru Guo
- Triticeae Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Qing Chen
- Triticeae Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Thérèse Ouellet
- Ottawa Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, 960 Carling Avenue, Ottawa, ON, K1A 0C6, Canada
| | - Lu-Juan Zong
- Triticeae Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Zhen-Zhen Wei
- Triticeae Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Triticeae Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Ya-Zhou Zhang
- Triticeae Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Bin-Jie Xu
- Triticeae Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Li Kong
- Triticeae Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Mei Deng
- Triticeae Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Ji-Rui Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics of Disease Resistance and Disease Control, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China.,Triticeae Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Guo-Yue Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics of Disease Resistance and Disease Control, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China.,Triticeae Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Qian-Tao Jiang
- Triticeae Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Xiu-Jin Lan
- Triticeae Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Wei Li
- Triticeae Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Yu-Ming Wei
- Triticeae Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - You-Liang Zheng
- Triticeae Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China.
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13
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Cohen SP, Leach JE. Abiotic and biotic stresses induce a core transcriptome response in rice. Sci Rep 2019; 9:6273. [PMID: 31000746 PMCID: PMC6472405 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-42731-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2018] [Accepted: 04/04/2019] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Environmental stresses greatly limit crop yield. With the increase in extreme weather events due to climate change and the constant pressure of diseases and pests, there is an urgent need to develop crop varieties that can tolerate multiple stresses. However, our knowledge of how plants broadly respond to stress is limited. Here, we explore the rice core stress response via meta-analysis of publicly available rice transcriptome data. Our results confirm that rice universally down-regulates photosynthesis in response to both abiotic and biotic stress. Rice also generally up-regulates hormone-responsive genes during stress response, most notably genes in the abscisic acid, jasmonic acid and salicylic acid pathways. We identified several promoter motifs that are likely involved in stress-responsive regulatory mechanisms in rice. With this work, we provide a list of candidate genes to study for improving rice stress tolerance in light of environmental stresses. This work also serves as a proof of concept to show that meta-analysis of diverse transcriptome data is a valid approach to develop robust hypotheses for how plants respond to stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen P Cohen
- Department of Bioagricultural Sciences and Pest Management, Colorado State University, CO, 80523-1177, Fort Collins, USA.,Cell and Molecular Biology Graduate Program, Colorado State University, CO, 80523-1005, Fort Collins, USA
| | - Jan E Leach
- Department of Bioagricultural Sciences and Pest Management, Colorado State University, CO, 80523-1177, Fort Collins, USA.
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14
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Ma S, Tang N, Li X, Xie Y, Xiang D, Fu J, Shen J, Yang J, Tu H, Li X, Hu H, Xiong L. Reversible Histone H2B Monoubiquitination Fine-Tunes Abscisic Acid Signaling and Drought Response in Rice. MOLECULAR PLANT 2019; 12:263-277. [PMID: 30578854 DOI: 10.1016/j.molp.2018.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2018] [Revised: 11/09/2018] [Accepted: 12/09/2018] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Histone H2B monoubiquitination (H2Bub1) plays important roles in several physiological and developmental processes, but its roles in the regulation of plant stress responses remain elusive. Here, we report that H2Bub1 is crucially involved in abscisic acid (ABA) signaling and drought response in rice. We found that rice HISTONE MONOUBIQUITINATION2 (OsHUB2), an E3 ligase for H2Bub1, interacted with OsbZIP46, a key transcription factor regulating ABA signaling and drought response in rice. Genetic analyses suggest that OsHUB2, upregulated by drought and ABA, positively modulates ABA sensitivity and drought resistance. The H2Bub1 levels were increased in the target genes of OsbZIP46 under the drought stress and ABA treatments, which were positively correlated with their increased expression levels. Interestingly, MODD, a reported suppressor of ABA signaling and drought resistance by mediating OsbZIP46 deactivation and degradation, could reduce the H2Bub1 levels in the target genes of OsbZIP46 by recruiting a putative deubiquitinase OsOTLD1. Suppression of OsOTLD1 in vivo resulted in increased H2Bub1 levels and expression of OsbZIP46 target genes. Collectively, these findings established an elaborate mechanism of histone monoubiquitination in the fine-turning of ABA signaling and drought response by balancing H2Bub1 deposition and removal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siqi Ma
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and National Center of Plant Gene Research (Wuhan), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Ning Tang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and National Center of Plant Gene Research (Wuhan), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; BPMP, CNRS, INRA, Montpellier SupAgro, Université de Montpellier, 34060 Montpellier, France.
| | - Xu Li
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and National Center of Plant Gene Research (Wuhan), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Yongjun Xie
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and National Center of Plant Gene Research (Wuhan), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Denghao Xiang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and National Center of Plant Gene Research (Wuhan), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Jie Fu
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and National Center of Plant Gene Research (Wuhan), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Jianqiang Shen
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and National Center of Plant Gene Research (Wuhan), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Jun Yang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and National Center of Plant Gene Research (Wuhan), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Haifu Tu
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and National Center of Plant Gene Research (Wuhan), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Xianghua Li
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and National Center of Plant Gene Research (Wuhan), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Honghong Hu
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and National Center of Plant Gene Research (Wuhan), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Lizhong Xiong
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and National Center of Plant Gene Research (Wuhan), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China.
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15
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Wang L, Qiao H. New Insights in Transcriptional Regulation of the Ethylene Response in Arabidopsis. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2019; 10:790. [PMID: 31275338 PMCID: PMC6591485 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2019.00790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2019] [Accepted: 05/31/2019] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
As any living organisms, plants must respond to a wide variety of environmental stimuli. Plant hormones regulate almost all aspects of plant growth and development. Among all the plant hormones, ethylene is the only gaseous plant hormone that plays pleiotropic roles in plant growth, plant development and stress responses. Transcription regulation is one main mechanism by which a cell orchestrates gene activity. This control allows the cell or organism to respond to a variety of intra- and extracellular signals and thus mount a response. Here we review the progress of transcription regulation in the ethylene response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Likai Wang
- Institute for Cellular and Molecular Biology, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, United States
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, United States
| | - Hong Qiao
- Institute for Cellular and Molecular Biology, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, United States
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, United States
- *Correspondence: Hong Qiao,
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16
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Hao X, Zeng M, Wang J, Zeng Z, Dai J, Xie Z, Yang Y, Tian L, Chen L, Li D. A Node-Expressed Transporter OsCCX2 Is Involved in Grain Cadmium Accumulation of Rice. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2018; 9:476. [PMID: 29696032 PMCID: PMC5904359 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2018.00476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2018] [Accepted: 03/27/2018] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Excessive cadmium (Cd) accumulation in grains of rice (Oryza sativa L.) is a risk to food security. The transporters in the nodes of rice are involved in the distribution of mineral elements including toxic elements to different tissues such as grains. However, the mechanism of Cd accumulation in grains is largely unknown. Here, we report a node-expressed transporter gene, OsCCX2, a putative cation/calcium (Ca) exchanger, mediating Cd accumulation in the grains of rice. Knockout of OsCCX2 caused a remarkable reduction of Cd content in the grains. Further study showed that disruption of this gene led to a reduced root-to-shoot translocation ratio of Cd. Moreover, Cd distribution was also disturbed in different levels of internode and leaf. OsCCX2 is localized to plasma membrane, and OsCCX2 is mainly expressed in xylem region of vascular tissues at the nodes. OsCCX2 might function as an efflux transporter, responsible for Cd loading into xylem vessels. Therefore, our finding revealed a novel Cd transporter involved in grain Cd accumulation, possibly via a Ca transport pathway in the nodes of rice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohua Hao
- Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Crop Sterile Germplasm Resource Innovation and Application, College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
- College of Life and Environmental Science, Hunan University of Arts and Science, Changde, China
| | - Meng Zeng
- Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Crop Sterile Germplasm Resource Innovation and Application, College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Jian Wang
- Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Crop Sterile Germplasm Resource Innovation and Application, College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Zhongwen Zeng
- Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Crop Sterile Germplasm Resource Innovation and Application, College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Jiali Dai
- Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Crop Sterile Germplasm Resource Innovation and Application, College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Zijing Xie
- Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Crop Sterile Germplasm Resource Innovation and Application, College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Yuanzhu Yang
- Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Crop Sterile Germplasm Resource Innovation and Application, College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
- Yuan Longping High-Tech Agriculture Co., Ltd., Changsha, China
| | - Lianfu Tian
- Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Crop Sterile Germplasm Resource Innovation and Application, College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology & Traditional Chinese Medicine Research, Ministry of Education of China, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Liangbi Chen
- Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Crop Sterile Germplasm Resource Innovation and Application, College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Dongping Li
- Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Crop Sterile Germplasm Resource Innovation and Application, College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
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17
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Zhao W, Zhou X, Lei H, Fan J, Yang R, Li Z, Hu C, Li M, Zhao F, Wang S. Transcriptional evidence for cross talk between JA and ET or SA during root-knot nematode invasion in tomato. Physiol Genomics 2018; 50:197-207. [PMID: 29341868 DOI: 10.1152/physiolgenomics.00079.2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
studies have demonstrated that jasmonic acid (JA) reduces root-knot nematode (RKN) infections in tomato plants. RKN invasion is sensed by roots, and root-derived JA signaling activates systemic defense responses, though this is poorly understood. Here, we investigate variations in the RKN-induced transcriptome in scion phloem between two tomato plant grafts: CM/CM ( Lycopersicum esculentum Mill. cv. Castlemart) and CM/ spr2 (a JA-deficient mutant). A total of 8,716 genes were differentially expressed in the scion phloem of the plants with JA-deficient rootstock via RNA sequencing. Among these genes, 535 upregulated and 153 downregulated genes with high copy numbers were identified as significantly differentially expressed. Among them, 34 predicted transcription factor genes were identified. Additionally, we used real-time quantitative PCR to analyze the expression patterns of 42 genes involved in the JA, ethylene, or salicylic acid pathway in phloem under RKN infection. The results suggested that in the absence of JA signaling, the ET signaling pathway is enhanced after RKN infection; however, alterations in the SA signaling pathway were not observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenchao Zhao
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Agricultural Applications and New Techniques, Plant Science and Technology College, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoxuan Zhou
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Agricultural Applications and New Techniques, Plant Science and Technology College, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, China
| | - Hui Lei
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Agricultural Applications and New Techniques, Plant Science and Technology College, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, China
| | - Jingwei Fan
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Agricultural Applications and New Techniques, Plant Science and Technology College, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, China
| | - Rui Yang
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Agricultural Applications and New Techniques, Plant Science and Technology College, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, China
| | - Zilong Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Agricultural Applications and New Techniques, Plant Science and Technology College, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, China
| | - Canli Hu
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Agricultural Applications and New Techniques, Plant Science and Technology College, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, China
| | - Mengyan Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Agricultural Applications and New Techniques, Plant Science and Technology College, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, China
| | - Fukuan Zhao
- College of Biotechnology, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, China
| | - Shaohui Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Agricultural Applications and New Techniques, Plant Science and Technology College, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, China
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18
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Ran X, Liu J, Qi M, Wang Y, Cheng J, Zhang Y. GSHR, a Web-Based Platform Provides Gene Set-Level Analyses of Hormone Responses in Arabidopsis. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2018; 9:23. [PMID: 29416546 PMCID: PMC5787578 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2018.00023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2017] [Accepted: 01/08/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Phytohormones regulate diverse aspects of plant growth and environmental responses. Recent high-throughput technologies have promoted a more comprehensive profiling of genes regulated by different hormones. However, these omics data generally result in large gene lists that make it challenging to interpret the data and extract insights into biological significance. With the rapid accumulation of theses large-scale experiments, especially the transcriptomic data available in public databases, a means of using this information to explore the transcriptional networks is needed. Different platforms have different architectures and designs, and even similar studies using the same platform may obtain data with large variances because of the highly dynamic and flexible effects of plant hormones; this makes it difficult to make comparisons across different studies and platforms. Here, we present a web server providing gene set-level analyses of Arabidopsis thaliana hormone responses. GSHR collected 333 RNA-seq and 1,205 microarray datasets from the Gene Expression Omnibus, characterizing transcriptomic changes in Arabidopsis in response to phytohormones including abscisic acid, auxin, brassinosteroids, cytokinins, ethylene, gibberellins, jasmonic acid, salicylic acid, and strigolactones. These data were further processed and organized into 1,368 gene sets regulated by different hormones or hormone-related factors. By comparing input gene lists to these gene sets, GSHR helped to identify gene sets from the input gene list regulated by different phytohormones or related factors. Together, GSHR links prior information regarding transcriptomic changes induced by hormones and related factors to newly generated data and facilities cross-study and cross-platform comparisons; this helps facilitate the mining of biologically significant information from large-scale datasets. The GSHR is freely available at http://bioinfo.sibs.ac.cn/GSHR/.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojuan Ran
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jian Liu
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Meifang Qi
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yuejun Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jingfei Cheng
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yijing Zhang
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
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19
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Cohen SP, Liu H, Argueso CT, Pereira A, Vera Cruz C, Verdier V, Leach JE. RNA-Seq analysis reveals insight into enhanced rice Xa7-mediated bacterial blight resistance at high temperature. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0187625. [PMID: 29107972 PMCID: PMC5673197 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0187625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2017] [Accepted: 10/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Plant disease is a major challenge to agriculture worldwide, and it is exacerbated by abiotic environmental factors. During some plant-pathogen interactions, heat stress allows pathogens to overcome host resistance, a phenomenon which could severely impact crop productivity considering the global warming trends associated with climate change. Despite the importance of this phenomenon, little is known about the underlying molecular mechanisms. To better understand host plant responses during simultaneous heat and pathogen stress, we conducted a transcriptomics experiment for rice plants (cultivar IRBB61) containing Xa7, a bacterial blight disease resistance (R) gene, that were infected with Xanthomonas oryzae, the bacterial blight pathogen of rice, during high temperature stress. Xa7-mediated resistance is unusual relative to resistance mediated by other R genes in that it functions better at high temperatures. Using RNA-Seq technology, we identified 8,499 differentially expressed genes as temperature responsive in rice cultivar IRBB61 experiencing susceptible and resistant interactions across three time points. Notably, genes in the plant hormone abscisic acid biosynthesis and response pathways were up-regulated by high temperature in both mock-treated plants and plants experiencing a susceptible interaction and were suppressed by high temperature in plants exhibiting Xa7-mediated resistance. Genes responsive to salicylic acid, an important plant hormone for disease resistance, were down-regulated by high temperature during both the susceptible and resistant interactions, suggesting that enhanced Xa7-mediated resistance at high temperature is not dependent on salicylic acid signaling. A DNA sequence motif similar to known abscisic acid-responsive cis-regulatory elements was identified in the promoter region upstream of genes up-regulated in susceptible but down-regulated in resistant interactions. The results of our study suggest that the plant hormone abscisic acid is an important node for cross-talk between plant transcriptional response pathways to high temperature stress and pathogen attack. Genes in this pathway represent an important focus for future study to determine how plants evolved to deal with simultaneous abiotic and biotic stresses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen P. Cohen
- Department of Bioagricultural Sciences and Pest Management, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, United States of America
- Cell and Molecular Biology Graduate Program, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, United States of America
| | - Hongxia Liu
- Department of Bioagricultural Sciences and Pest Management, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, United States of America
- Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Cristiana T. Argueso
- Department of Bioagricultural Sciences and Pest Management, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, United States of America
| | - Andy Pereira
- Department of Crop, Soil and Environmental Sciences, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, Arkansas, United States of America
| | - Casiana Vera Cruz
- Plant Breeding, Genetics and Biotechnology Division, International Rice Research Institute, Los Baños, Philippines
| | - Valerie Verdier
- Department of Bioagricultural Sciences and Pest Management, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, United States of America
- IRD, Cirad, Univ Montpellier, IPME, Montpellier, France
| | - Jan E. Leach
- Department of Bioagricultural Sciences and Pest Management, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, United States of America
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Jiang CJ, Liu XL, Liu XQ, Zhang H, Yu YJ, Liang ZW. Stunted Growth Caused by Blast Disease in Rice Seedlings Is Associated with Changes in Phytohormone Signaling Pathways. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2017; 8:1558. [PMID: 28932234 PMCID: PMC5592330 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2017.01558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2017] [Accepted: 08/25/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
In response to pathogen attack, plants prioritize defense reactions generally at the expense of plant growth. In this work, we report that changes in phytohormone signaling pathways are associated with the stunted plant growth caused by blast disease in rice seedlings. Infection of rice seedlings with blast fungus Magnaporthe oryzae (race 007.0) at the four-leaf stage (three true leaves) resulted in considerable inhibition of the growth of the upper uninfected distal leaves; the length of leaf blade and leaf sheath of the sixth and seventh leaf was reduced by 27 and 82%, and 88 and 72%, respectively, compared to that in the uninoculated plant control. Interestingly, cutting off the blast-infected fourth leaf blade within 2 days post inoculation (dpi) significantly rescued the inhibition of leaf growth, implying that an inhibitory substance(s) and/or signal was generated in the blast-infected leaves (fourth leaf) and transmitted to the upper distal leaves (sixth and seventh) during the 2-dpi period that induced growth inhibition. Expression analysis of marker genes for phytohormone pathways revealed acute activation of the jasmonate (JA) and abscisic acid (ABA) signaling pathways, and repression of auxin, gibberellic acid (GA) and salicylic acid (SA) signaling pathways, in the sixth leaf. The genes related to cell wall expansion were also significantly downregulated. In the blast-infected fourth leaf, JA pathway was activated within 2 dpi, followed by activation of ABA pathway 3 dpi. Further, leaf inhibition caused by blast infection was partially rescued in the rice mutant line coleoptile photomorphogenesis 2 (cpm2), which is defective in the gene encoding allene oxide cyclase (OsAOC). These results indicate that the JA signaling pathway is at least partly involved in the growth inhibition processes. Collectively, our data suggest that, upon pathogen attack, rice seedlings prioritize defense reactions against the infecting pathogen by temporarily ceasing plant growth through the systemic control of phytohormone pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang-Jie Jiang
- Institute of Agrobiological Sciences, National Agriculture and Food Research OrganizationTsukuba, Japan
| | - Xiao-Long Liu
- Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of SciencesChangchun, China
| | - Xin-Qiong Liu
- College of Life Science, South-Central University for NationalitiesWuhan, China
| | - Hui Zhang
- Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of SciencesChangchun, China
| | - Ying-Jie Yu
- Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of SciencesChangchun, China
| | - Zheng-Wei Liang
- Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of SciencesChangchun, China
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21
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Cunha CP, Roberto GG, Vicentini R, Lembke CG, Souza GM, Ribeiro RV, Machado EC, Lagôa AMMA, Menossi M. Ethylene-induced transcriptional and hormonal responses at the onset of sugarcane ripening. Sci Rep 2017; 7:43364. [PMID: 28266527 PMCID: PMC5339719 DOI: 10.1038/srep43364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2016] [Accepted: 01/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The effects of ethephon as a sugarcane ripener are attributed to ethylene. However, the role of this phytohormone at the molecular level is unknown. We performed a transcriptome analysis combined with the evaluation of sucrose metabolism and hormone profiling of sugarcane plants sprayed with ethephon or aminoethoxyvinylglycine (AVG), an ethylene inhibitor, at the onset of ripening. The differential response between ethephon and AVG on sucrose level and sucrose synthase activity in internodes indicates ethylene as a potential regulator of sink strength. The correlation between hormone levels and transcriptional changes suggests ethylene as a trigger of multiple hormone signal cascades, with approximately 18% of differentially expressed genes involved in hormone biosynthesis, metabolism, signalling, and response. A defence response elicited in leaves favoured salicylic acid over the ethylene/jasmonic acid pathway, while the upper internode was prone to respond to ethylene with strong stimuli on ethylene biosynthesis and signalling genes. Besides, ethylene acted synergistically with abscisic acid, another ripening factor, and antagonistically with gibberellin and auxin. We identified potential ethylene target genes and characterized the hormonal status during ripening, providing insights into the action of ethylene at the site of sucrose accumulation. A molecular model of ethylene interplay with other hormones is proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camila P. Cunha
- Departamento de Genética, Evolução e Bioagentes, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, 13083-862, Campinas, Brasil
| | - Guilherme G. Roberto
- Centro de Ecofisiologia e Biofísica, Instituto Agronômico de Campinas, 13001-970, Campinas, Brasil
| | - Renato Vicentini
- Departamento de Genética, Evolução e Bioagentes, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, 13083-862, Campinas, Brasil
| | - Carolina G. Lembke
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Química, Universidade de São Paulo, 05508-000, São Paulo, Brasil
| | - Glaucia M. Souza
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Química, Universidade de São Paulo, 05508-000, São Paulo, Brasil
| | - Rafael V. Ribeiro
- Departamento de Biologia Vegetal, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, 13083-862, Campinas, Brasil
| | - Eduardo C. Machado
- Centro de Ecofisiologia e Biofísica, Instituto Agronômico de Campinas, 13001-970, Campinas, Brasil
| | - Ana M. M. A. Lagôa
- Centro de Ecofisiologia e Biofísica, Instituto Agronômico de Campinas, 13001-970, Campinas, Brasil
| | - Marcelo Menossi
- Departamento de Genética, Evolução e Bioagentes, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, 13083-862, Campinas, Brasil
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22
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Nguyen D, D'Agostino N, Tytgat TOG, Sun P, Lortzing T, Visser EJW, Cristescu SM, Steppuhn A, Mariani C, van Dam NM, Rieu I. Drought and flooding have distinct effects on herbivore-induced responses and resistance in Solanum dulcamara. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2016; 39:1485-99. [PMID: 26759219 DOI: 10.1111/pce.12708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2015] [Accepted: 12/28/2015] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
In the field, biotic and abiotic stresses frequently co-occur. As a consequence, common molecular signalling pathways governing adaptive responses to individual stresses can interact, resulting in compromised phenotypes. How plant signalling pathways interact under combined stresses is poorly understood. To assess this, we studied the consequence of drought and soil flooding on resistance of Solanum dulcamara to Spodoptera exigua and their effects on hormonal and transcriptomic profiles. The results showed that S. exigua larvae performed less well on drought-stressed plants than on well-watered and flooded plants. Both drought and insect feeding increased abscisic acid and jasmonic acid (JA) levels, whereas flooding did not induce JA accumulation. RNA sequencing analyses corroborated this pattern: drought and herbivory induced many biological processes that were repressed by flooding. When applied in combination, drought and herbivory had an additive effect on specific processes involved in secondary metabolism and defence responses, including protease inhibitor activity. In conclusion, drought and flooding have distinct effects on herbivore-induced responses and resistance. Especially, the interaction between abscisic acid and JA signalling may be important to optimize plant responses to combined drought and insect herbivory, making drought-stressed plants more resistant to insects than well-watered and flooded plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Duy Nguyen
- Department of Molecular Plant Physiology, Institute for Water and Wetland Research, Radboud University, 6500, GL, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Nunzio D'Agostino
- Consiglio per la ricerca in agricoltura e l'analisi dell'economia agraria, Centro di ricerca per l'orticoltura, 84098, Pontecagnano, (SA), Italy
| | - Tom O G Tytgat
- Department of Molecular Plant Physiology, Institute for Water and Wetland Research, Radboud University, 6500, GL, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Pulu Sun
- Department of Molecular Plant Physiology, Institute for Water and Wetland Research, Radboud University, 6500, GL, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Laboratoire de Biotechnologies Végétales Appliquées aux Plantes Aromatiques et Médicinales, Université Jean Monnet, 42023, Saint-Etienne, France
| | - Tobias Lortzing
- Molecular Ecology Group, Dahlem Centre of Plant Sciences, Freie Universität Berlin, 12163, Berlin, Germany
| | - Eric J W Visser
- Department of Experimental Plant Ecology, Institute for Water and Wetland Research, Radboud University, 6500, GL, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Simona M Cristescu
- Department of Molecular and Laser Physics, Institute for Molecules and Materials, Radboud University, 6500, GL, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Anke Steppuhn
- Molecular Ecology Group, Dahlem Centre of Plant Sciences, Freie Universität Berlin, 12163, Berlin, Germany
| | - Celestina Mariani
- Department of Molecular Plant Physiology, Institute for Water and Wetland Research, Radboud University, 6500, GL, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Nicole M van Dam
- Department of Molecular Plant Physiology, Institute for Water and Wetland Research, Radboud University, 6500, GL, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, 04103, Leipzig, Germany
- Institute of Ecology, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, 07743, Jena, Germany
| | - Ivo Rieu
- Department of Molecular Plant Physiology, Institute for Water and Wetland Research, Radboud University, 6500, GL, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
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De Vleesschauwer D, Seifi HS, Filipe O, Haeck A, Huu SN, Demeestere K, Höfte M. The DELLA Protein SLR1 Integrates and Amplifies Salicylic Acid- and Jasmonic Acid-Dependent Innate Immunity in Rice. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2016; 170:1831-47. [PMID: 26829979 PMCID: PMC4775123 DOI: 10.1104/pp.15.01515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2015] [Accepted: 01/27/2016] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Gibberellins are a class of tetracyclic plant hormones that are well known to promote plant growth by inducing the degradation of a class of nuclear growth-repressing proteins, called DELLAs. In recent years, GA and DELLAs are also increasingly implicated in plant responses to pathogen attack, although our understanding of the underlying mechanisms is still limited, especially in monocotyledonous crop plants. Aiming to further decipher the molecular underpinnings of GA- and DELLA-modulated plant immunity, we studied the dynamics and impact of GA and DELLA during infection of the model crop rice (Oryza sativa) with four different pathogens exhibiting distinct lifestyles and infection strategies. Opposite to previous findings in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana), our findings reveal a prominent role of the DELLA protein Slender Rice1 (SLR1) in the resistance toward (hemi)biotrophic but not necrotrophic rice pathogens. Moreover, contrary to the differential effect of DELLA on the archetypal defense hormones salicylic acid (SA) and jasmonic acid (JA) in Arabidopsis, we demonstrate that the resistance-promoting effect of SLR1 is due at least in part to its ability to boost both SA- and JA-mediated rice defenses. In a reciprocal manner, we found JA and SA treatment to interfere with GA metabolism and stabilize SLR1. Together, these findings favor a model whereby SLR1 acts as a positive regulator of hemibiotroph resistance in rice by integrating and amplifying SA- and JA-dependent defense signaling. Our results highlight the differences in hormone defense networking between rice and Arabidopsis and underscore the importance of GA and DELLA in molding disease outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- David De Vleesschauwer
- Laboratory of Phytopathology, Department of Crop Protection, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium (D.D.V., H.S.S., O.F., S.N.H., M.H.); andResearch Group EnVOC, Department of Sustainable Organic Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium (A.H., K.D.)
| | - Hamed Soren Seifi
- Laboratory of Phytopathology, Department of Crop Protection, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium (D.D.V., H.S.S., O.F., S.N.H., M.H.); andResearch Group EnVOC, Department of Sustainable Organic Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium (A.H., K.D.)
| | - Osvaldo Filipe
- Laboratory of Phytopathology, Department of Crop Protection, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium (D.D.V., H.S.S., O.F., S.N.H., M.H.); andResearch Group EnVOC, Department of Sustainable Organic Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium (A.H., K.D.)
| | - Ashley Haeck
- Laboratory of Phytopathology, Department of Crop Protection, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium (D.D.V., H.S.S., O.F., S.N.H., M.H.); andResearch Group EnVOC, Department of Sustainable Organic Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium (A.H., K.D.)
| | - Son Nguyen Huu
- Laboratory of Phytopathology, Department of Crop Protection, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium (D.D.V., H.S.S., O.F., S.N.H., M.H.); andResearch Group EnVOC, Department of Sustainable Organic Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium (A.H., K.D.)
| | - Kristof Demeestere
- Laboratory of Phytopathology, Department of Crop Protection, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium (D.D.V., H.S.S., O.F., S.N.H., M.H.); andResearch Group EnVOC, Department of Sustainable Organic Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium (A.H., K.D.)
| | - Monica Höfte
- Laboratory of Phytopathology, Department of Crop Protection, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium (D.D.V., H.S.S., O.F., S.N.H., M.H.); andResearch Group EnVOC, Department of Sustainable Organic Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium (A.H., K.D.)
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24
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Yadav AK, Shankar A, Jha SK, Kanwar P, Pandey A, Pandey GK. A rice tonoplastic calcium exchanger, OsCCX2 mediates Ca2+/cation transport in yeast. Sci Rep 2015; 5:17117. [PMID: 26607171 PMCID: PMC4660821 DOI: 10.1038/srep17117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2015] [Accepted: 10/26/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
In plant cell, cations gradient in cellular compartments is maintained by synergistic action of various exchangers, pumps and channels. The Arabidopsis exchanger family members (AtCCX3 and AtCCX5) were previously studied and belong to CaCA (calcium cation exchangers) superfamily while none of the rice CCXs has been functionally characterized for their cation transport activities till date. Rice genome encode four CCXs and only OsCCX2 transcript showed differential expression under abiotic stresses and Ca(2+) starvation conditions. The OsCCX2 localized to tonoplast and suppresses the Ca(2+) sensitivity of K667 (low affinity Ca(2+) uptake deficient) yeast mutant under excess CaCl2 conditions. In contrast to AtCCXs, OsCCX2 expressing K667 yeast cells show tolerance towards excess Na(+), Li(+), Fe(2+), Zn(2+) and Co(2+) and suggest its ability to transport both mono as well as divalent cations in yeast. Additionally, in contrast to previously characterized AtCCXs, OsCCX2 is unable to complement yeast trk1trk2 double mutant suggesting inability to transport K(+) in yeast system. These finding suggest that OsCCX2 having distinct metal transport properties than previously characterized plant CCXs. OsCCX2 can be used as potential candidate for enhancing the abiotic stress tolerance in plants as well as for phytoremediation of heavy metal polluted soil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akhilesh K. Yadav
- Department of Plant Molecular Biology, University of Delhi South Campus, Benito Juarez Road, Dhaula Kuan, New Delhi-110021, India
| | - Alka Shankar
- Department of Plant Molecular Biology, University of Delhi South Campus, Benito Juarez Road, Dhaula Kuan, New Delhi-110021, India
| | - Saroj K. Jha
- Department of Plant Molecular Biology, University of Delhi South Campus, Benito Juarez Road, Dhaula Kuan, New Delhi-110021, India
| | - Poonam Kanwar
- Department of Plant Molecular Biology, University of Delhi South Campus, Benito Juarez Road, Dhaula Kuan, New Delhi-110021, India
| | - Amita Pandey
- Department of Plant Molecular Biology, University of Delhi South Campus, Benito Juarez Road, Dhaula Kuan, New Delhi-110021, India
| | - Girdhar K. Pandey
- Department of Plant Molecular Biology, University of Delhi South Campus, Benito Juarez Road, Dhaula Kuan, New Delhi-110021, India
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25
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A transcriptional reference map of defence hormone responses in potato. Sci Rep 2015; 5:15229. [PMID: 26477733 PMCID: PMC4610000 DOI: 10.1038/srep15229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2015] [Accepted: 09/14/2015] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Phytohormones are involved in diverse aspects of plant life including the regulation of plant growth, development and reproduction, as well as governing biotic and abiotic stress responses. We have generated a comprehensive transcriptional reference map of the early potato responses to exogenous application of the defence hormones abscisic acid, brassinolides (applied as epibrassinolide), ethylene (applied as the ethylene precursor aminocyclopropanecarboxylic acid), salicylic acid and jasmonic acid (applied as methyl jasmonate). Of the 39000 predicted genes on the microarray, a total of 2677 and 2473 genes were significantly differentially expressed at 1 h and 6 h after hormone treatment, respectively. Specific marker genes newly identified for the early hormone responses in potato include: a homeodomain 20 transcription factor (DMG400000248) for abscisic acid; a SAUR gene (DMG400016561) induced in epibrassinolide treated plants; an osmotin gene (DMG400003057) specifically enhanced by aminocyclopropanecarboxylic acid; a gene weakly similar to AtWRKY40 (DMG402007388) that was induced by salicylic acid; and a jasmonate ZIM-domain protein 1 (DMG400002930) which was specifically activated by methyl jasmonate. An online database has been set up to query the expression patterns of potato genes represented on the microarray that can also incorporate future microarray or RNAseq-based expression studies.
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26
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Kakei Y, Mochida K, Sakurai T, Yoshida T, Shinozaki K, Shimada Y. Transcriptome analysis of hormone-induced gene expression in Brachypodium distachyon. Sci Rep 2015; 5:14476. [PMID: 26419335 PMCID: PMC4588574 DOI: 10.1038/srep14476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2015] [Accepted: 09/01/2015] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Brachypodium distachyon is a new model plant closely related to wheat and other cereals. In this study, we performed a comprehensive analysis of hormone-regulated genes in Brachypodium distachyon using RNA sequencing technology. Brachypodium distachyon seedlings were treated with eight phytohormones (auxin, cytokinine, brassinosteroid, gibberelline, abscisic acid, ethylene, jasmonate and salicylic acid) and two inhibitors, Brz220 (brassinosteroid biosynthesis inhibitor) and prohexadione (gibberelline biosynthesis inhibitor). The expressions of 1807 genes were regulated in a phytohormone-dependent manner. We compared the data with the phytohormone responses that have reported in rice. Transcriptional responses to hormones are conserved between Bracypodium and rice. Transcriptional regulation by brassinosteroid, gibberellin and ethylene was relatively weaker than those by other hormones. This is consistent with the data obtained from comprehensive analysis of hormone responses reported in Arabidopsis. Brachypodium and Arabidopsis also shared some common transcriptional responses to phytohormones. Alternatively, unique transcriptional responses to phytohormones were observed in Brachypodium. For example, the expressions of ACC synthase genes were up-regulated by auxin treatment in rice and Arabidopsis, but no orthologous ACC synthase gene was up-regulated in Brachypodium. Our results provide information useful to understand the diversity and similarity of hormone-regulated transcriptional responses between eudicots and monocots.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yusuke Kakei
- Kihara Institute for Biological Research, Yokohama City University, Kanagawa, JAPAN
| | - Keiichi Mochida
- Kihara Institute for Biological Research, Yokohama City University, Kanagawa, JAPAN.,Cellulose Production Research Team, Biomass Engineering Program Cooperation Division, RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, Kanagawa, JAPAN.,Gene Discovery Research Group, RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, Kanagawa, JAPAN
| | - Tetsuya Sakurai
- Integrated Genome Informatics Research Unit, RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, Kanagawa, JAPAN
| | - Takuhiro Yoshida
- Integrated Genome Informatics Research Unit, RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, Kanagawa, JAPAN
| | - Kazuo Shinozaki
- Gene Discovery Research Group, RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, Kanagawa, JAPAN.,Biomass Research Platform Team, Biomass Engineering Research Division, RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, Kanagawa, JAPAN
| | - Yukihisa Shimada
- Kihara Institute for Biological Research, Yokohama City University, Kanagawa, JAPAN.,Gene Discovery Research Group, RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, Kanagawa, JAPAN
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27
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Wang J, Qi M, Liu J, Zhang Y. CARMO: a comprehensive annotation platform for functional exploration of rice multi-omics data. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2015; 83:359-74. [PMID: 26040787 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.12894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2015] [Revised: 05/14/2015] [Accepted: 05/19/2015] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
High-throughput technology is gradually becoming a powerful tool for routine research in rice. Interpretation of biological significance from the huge amount of data is a critical but non-trivial task, especially for rice, for which gene annotations rely heavily on sequence similarity rather than direct experimental evidence. Here we describe the annotation platform for comprehensive annotation of rice multi-omics data (CARMO), which provides multiple web-based analysis tools for in-depth data mining and visualization. The central idea involves systematic integration of 1819 samples from omics studies and diverse sources of functional evidence (15 401 terms), which are further organized into gene sets and higher-level gene modules. In this way, the high-throughput data may easily be compared across studies and platforms, and integration of multiple types of evidence allows biological interpretation from the level of gene functional modules with high confidence. In addition, the functions and pathways for thousands of genes lacking description or validation may be deduced based on concerted expression of genes within the constructed co-expression networks or gene modules. Overall, CARMO provides comprehensive annotations for transcriptomic datasets, epi-genomic modification sites, single nucleotide polymorphisms identified from genome re-sequencing, and the large gene lists derived from these omics studies. Well-organized results, as well as multiple tools for interactive visualization, are available through a user-friendly web interface. Finally, we illustrate how CARMO enables biological insights using four examples, demonstrating that CARMO is a highly useful resource for intensive data mining and hypothesis generation based on rice multi-omics data. CARMO is freely available online (http://bioinfo.sibs.ac.cn/carmo).
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiawei Wang
- National Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 300 Fenglin Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Meifang Qi
- National Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 300 Fenglin Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Jian Liu
- National Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 300 Fenglin Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Yijing Zhang
- National Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 300 Fenglin Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
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28
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Tamaki H, Reguera M, Abdel-Tawab YM, Takebayashi Y, Kasahara H, Blumwald E. Targeting Hormone-Related Pathways to Improve Grain Yield in Rice: A Chemical Approach. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0131213. [PMID: 26098557 PMCID: PMC4476611 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0131213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2015] [Accepted: 05/29/2015] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Sink/source relationships, regulating the mobilization of stored carbohydrates from the vegetative tissues to the grains, are of key importance for grain filling and grain yield. We used different inhibitors of plant hormone action to assess their effects on grain yield and on the expression of hormone-associated genes. Among the tested chemicals, 2-indol-3-yl-4-oxo-4-phenylbutanoic acid (PEO-IAA; antagonist of auxin receptor), nordihydroguaiaretic acid (NDGA; abscisic acid (ABA) biosynthesis inhibitor), and 2-aminoisobutyric acid (AIB; ethylene biosynthesis inhibitor) improved grain yield in a concentration dependent manner. These effects were also dependent on the plant developmental stage. NDGA and AIB treatments induced an increase in photosynthesis in flag leaves concomitant to the increments of starch content in flag leaves and grains. NDGA inhibited the expression of ABA-responsive gene, but did not significantly decrease ABA content. Instead, NDGA significantly decreased jasmonic acid and jasmonic acid-isoleucine. Our results support the notion that the specific inhibition of jasmonic acid and ethylene biosynthesis resulted in grain yield increase in rice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroaki Tamaki
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of California Davis, Davis, California 95616, United States of America
- Health and Crop Sciences Research Laboratory, Sumitomo Chemical Co. Ltd., Hyogo 665–8555, Japan
| | - Maria Reguera
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of California Davis, Davis, California 95616, United States of America
| | - Yasser M. Abdel-Tawab
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of California Davis, Davis, California 95616, United States of America
| | - Yumiko Takebayashi
- RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, Yokohama, Kanagawa 230–0045, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Kasahara
- RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, Yokohama, Kanagawa 230–0045, Japan
| | - Eduardo Blumwald
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of California Davis, Davis, California 95616, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Yamburenko MV, Zubo YO, Börner T. Abscisic acid affects transcription of chloroplast genes via protein phosphatase 2C-dependent activation of nuclear genes: repression by guanosine-3'-5'-bisdiphosphate and activation by sigma factor 5. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2015; 82:1030-1041. [PMID: 25976841 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.12876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2015] [Revised: 04/24/2015] [Accepted: 05/01/2015] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Abscisic acid (ABA) represses the transcriptional activity of chloroplast genes (determined by run-on assays), with the exception of psbD and a few other genes in wild-type Arabidopsis seedlings and mature rosette leaves. Abscisic acid does not influence chloroplast transcription in the mutant lines abi1-1 and abi2-1 with constitutive protein phosphatase 2C (PP2C) activity, suggesting that ABA affects chloroplast gene activity by binding to the pyrabactin resistance (PYR)/PYR1-like or regulatory component of ABA receptor protein family (PYR/PYL/RCAR) and signaling via PP2Cs and sucrose non-fermenting protein-related kinases 2 (SnRK2s). Further we show by quantitative PCR that ABA enhances the transcript levels of RSH2, RSH3, PTF1 and SIG5. RelA/SpoT homolog 2 (RSH2) and RSH3 are known to synthesize guanosine-3'-5'-bisdiphosphate (ppGpp), an inhibitor of the plastid-gene-encoded chloroplast RNA polymerase. We propose, therefore, that ABA leads to an inhibition of chloroplast gene expression via stimulation of ppGpp synthesis. On the other hand, sigma factor 5 (SIG5) and plastid transcription factor 1 (PTF1) are known to be necessary for the transcription of psbD from a specific light- and stress-induced promoter (the blue light responsive promoter, BLRP). We demonstrate that ABA activates the psbD gene by stimulation of transcription initiation at BLRP. Taken together, our data suggest that ABA affects the transcription of chloroplast genes by a PP2C-dependent activation of nuclear genes encoding proteins involved in chloroplast transcription.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria V Yamburenko
- Institute of Biology-Genetics, Faculty of Life Sciences, Humboldt University, Chausseestrasse 117, 10115, Berlin, Germany
| | - Yan O Zubo
- Institute of Biology-Genetics, Faculty of Life Sciences, Humboldt University, Chausseestrasse 117, 10115, Berlin, Germany
| | - Thomas Börner
- Institute of Biology-Genetics, Faculty of Life Sciences, Humboldt University, Chausseestrasse 117, 10115, Berlin, Germany
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Okada K, Abe H, Arimura GI. Jasmonates induce both defense responses and communication in monocotyledonous and dicotyledonous plants. PLANT & CELL PHYSIOLOGY 2015; 56:16-27. [PMID: 25378688 DOI: 10.1093/pcp/pcu158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Jasmonic acid (JA) and its derivatives (jasmonates, JAs) are phytohormones with essential roles in plant defense against pathogenesis and herbivorous arthropods. Both the up- and down-regulation of defense responses are dependent on signaling pathways mediated by JAs as well as other stress hormones (e.g. salicylic acid), generally those involving the transcriptional and post-transcriptional regulation of transcription factors via protein modification and epigenetic regulation. In addition to the typical model plant Arabidopsis (a dicotyledon), advances in genetics research have made rice a model monocot in which innovative pest control traits can be introduced and whose JA signaling pathway can be studied. In this review, we introduce the dynamic functions of JAs in plant defense strategy using defensive substances (e.g. indole alkaloids and terpenoid phytoalexins) and airborne signals (e.g. green leaf volatiles and volatile terpenes) in response to biotrophic and necrotrophic pathogens as well as above-ground and below-ground herbivores. We then discuss the important issue of how the mutualism of herbivorous arthropods with viruses or bacteria can cause cross-talk between JA and other phytohormones to counter the defense systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazunori Okada
- Biotechnology Research Center, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 113-8657 Japan
| | - Hiroshi Abe
- Experimental Plant Division, RIKEN BioResource Center, Tsukuba, 305-0074 Japan
| | - Gen-ichiro Arimura
- Department of Biological Science & Technology, Faculty of Industrial Science & Technology, Tokyo University of Science, Tokyo, 125-8585 Japan
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De Vleesschauwer D, Xu J, Höfte M. Making sense of hormone-mediated defense networking: from rice to Arabidopsis. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2014; 5:611. [PMID: 25426127 PMCID: PMC4227482 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2014.00611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 140] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2014] [Accepted: 10/20/2014] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Phytohormones are not only essential for plant growth and development but also play central roles in triggering the plant immune signaling network. Historically, research aimed at elucidating the defense-associated role of hormones has tended to focus on the use of experimentally tractable dicot plants such as Arabidopsis thaliana. Emerging from these studies is a picture whereby complex crosstalk and induced hormonal changes mold plant health and disease, with outcomes largely dependent on the lifestyle and infection strategy of invading pathogens. However, recent studies in monocot plants are starting to provide additional important insights into the immune-regulatory roles of hormones, often revealing unique complexities. In this review, we address the latest discoveries dealing with hormone-mediated immunity in rice, one of the most important food crops and an excellent model for molecular genetic studies in monocots. Moreover, we highlight interactions between hormone signaling, rice defense and pathogen virulence, and discuss the differences and similarities with findings in Arabidopsis. Finally, we present a model for hormone defense networking in rice and describe how detailed knowledge of hormone crosstalk mechanisms can be used for engineering durable rice disease resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- David De Vleesschauwer
- *Correspondence: David De Vleesschauwer, Laboratory of Phytopathology, Department of Crop Protection, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, Ghent 9000, Belgium e-mail:
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Takatsuji H. Development of disease-resistant rice using regulatory components of induced disease resistance. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2014; 5:630. [PMID: 25431577 PMCID: PMC4230042 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2014.00630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2014] [Accepted: 10/23/2014] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Infectious diseases cause huge crop losses annually. In response to pathogen attacks, plants activate defense systems that are mediated through various signaling pathways. The salicylic acid (SA) signaling pathway is the most powerful of these pathways. Several regulatory components of the SA signaling pathway have been identified, and are potential targets for genetic manipulation of plants' disease resistance. However, the resistance associated with these regulatory components is often accompanied by fitness costs; that is, negative effects on plant growth and crop yield. Chemical defense inducers, such as benzothiadiazole and probenazole, act on the SA pathway and induce strong resistance to various pathogens without major fitness costs, owing to their 'priming effect.' Studies on how benzothiadiazole induces disease resistance in rice have identified WRKY45, a key transcription factor in the branched SA pathway, and OsNPR1/NH1. Rice plants overexpressing WRKY45 were extremely resistant to rice blast disease caused by the fungus Magnaporthe oryzae and bacterial leaf blight disease caused by Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (Xoo), the two major rice diseases. Disease resistance is often accompanied by fitness costs; however, WRKY45 overexpression imposed relatively small fitness costs on rice because of its priming effect. This priming effect was similar to that of chemical defense inducers, although the fitness costs were amplified by some environmental factors. WRKY45 is degraded by the ubiquitin-proteasome system, and the dual role of this degradation partly explains the priming effect. The synergistic interaction between SA and cytokinin signaling that activates WRKY45 also likely contributes to the priming effect. With a main focus on these studies, I review the current knowledge of SA-pathway-dependent defense in rice by comparing it with that in Arabidopsis, and discuss potential strategies to develop disease-resistant rice using signaling components.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroshi Takatsuji
- *Correspondence: Hiroshi Takatsuji, Disease Resistant Crops Research Unit, Genetically Modified Organism Research Center, National Institute of Agrobiological Sciences, 2-1-2 Kannondai, Tsukuba 305-8602, Japan e-mail:
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Yamburenko MV, Zubo YO, Vanková R, Kusnetsov VV, Kulaeva ON, Börner T. Abscisic acid represses the transcription of chloroplast genes. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2013; 64:4491-502. [PMID: 24078671 PMCID: PMC3808324 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/ert258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Numerous studies have shown effects of abscisic acid (ABA) on nuclear genes encoding chloroplast-localized proteins. ABA effects on the transcription of chloroplast genes, however, have not been investigated yet thoroughly. This work, therefore, studied the effects of ABA (75 μM) on transcription and steady-state levels of transcripts in chloroplasts of basal and apical segments of primary leaves of barley (Hordeum vulgare L.). Basal segments consist of young cells with developing chloroplasts, while apical segments contain the oldest cells with mature chloroplasts. Exogenous ABA reduced the chlorophyll content and caused changes of the endogenous concentrations not only of ABA but also of cytokinins to different extents in the basal and apical segments. It repressed transcription by the chloroplast phage-type and bacteria-type RNA polymerases and lowered transcript levels of most investigated chloroplast genes drastically. ABA did not repress the transcription of psbD and a few other genes and even increased psbD mRNA levels under certain conditions. The ABA effects on chloroplast transcription were more pronounced in basal vs. apical leaf segments and enhanced by light. Simultaneous application of cytokinin (22 μM 6-benzyladenine) minimized the ABA effects on chloroplast gene expression. These data demonstrate that ABA affects the expression of chloroplast genes differentially and points to a role of ABA in the regulation and coordination of the activities of nuclear and chloroplast genes coding for proteins with functions in photosynthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria V. Yamburenko
- Department of Biology/Genetics, Humboldt University, Chausseestr. 117, D-10115 Berlin, Germany
- These authors contributed equally to this manuscript
| | - Yan O. Zubo
- Department of Biology/Genetics, Humboldt University, Chausseestr. 117, D-10115 Berlin, Germany
- Timiriazev Institute of Plant Physiology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Botanicheskaya 35, Moscow 127276, Russia
- These authors contributed equally to this manuscript
| | - Radomíra Vanková
- Institute of Experimental Botany, AS CR, Rozvojová 263, 165 02 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Victor V. Kusnetsov
- Timiriazev Institute of Plant Physiology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Botanicheskaya 35, Moscow 127276, Russia
| | - Olga N. Kulaeva
- Timiriazev Institute of Plant Physiology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Botanicheskaya 35, Moscow 127276, Russia
| | - Thomas Börner
- Department of Biology/Genetics, Humboldt University, Chausseestr. 117, D-10115 Berlin, Germany
- To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail:
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De Vleesschauwer D, Gheysen G, Höfte M. Hormone defense networking in rice: tales from a different world. TRENDS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2013; 18:555-65. [PMID: 23910453 DOI: 10.1016/j.tplants.2013.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 158] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2013] [Revised: 06/17/2013] [Accepted: 07/01/2013] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Recent advances in plant immunity research underpin the pivotal role of small-molecule hormones in regulating the plant defense signaling network. Although most of our understanding comes from studies of dicot plants such as Arabidopsis thaliana, new studies in monocots are providing additional insights into the defense-regulatory role of phytohormones. Here, we review the roles of both classical and more recently identified stress hormones in regulating immunity in the model monocot rice (Oryza sativa) and highlight the importance of hormone crosstalk in shaping the outcome of rice-pathogen interactions. We also propose a defense model for rice that does not support a dichotomy between the pathogen lifestyle and the effectiveness of the archetypal defense hormones salicylic acid (SA) and jasmonic acid (JA).
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Affiliation(s)
- David De Vleesschauwer
- Laboratory of Phytopathology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
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Kudo T, Akiyama K, Kojima M, Makita N, Sakurai T, Sakakibara H. UniVIO: a multiple omics database with hormonome and transcriptome data from rice. PLANT & CELL PHYSIOLOGY 2013; 54:e9. [PMID: 23314752 PMCID: PMC3583028 DOI: 10.1093/pcp/pct003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2012] [Accepted: 01/02/2013] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Plant hormones play important roles as signaling molecules in the regulation of growth and development by controlling the expression of downstream genes. Since the hormone signaling system represents a complex network involving functional cross-talk through the mutual regulation of signaling and metabolism, a comprehensive and integrative analysis of plant hormone concentrations and gene expression is important for a deeper understanding of hormone actions. We have developed a database named Uniformed Viewer for Integrated Omics (UniVIO: http://univio.psc.riken.jp/), which displays hormone-metabolome (hormonome) and transcriptome data in a single formatted (uniformed) heat map. At the present time, hormonome and transcriptome data obtained from 14 organ parts of rice plants at the reproductive stage and seedling shoots of three gibberellin signaling mutants are included in the database. The hormone concentration and gene expression data can be searched by substance name, probe ID, gene locus ID or gene description. A correlation search function has been implemented to enable users to obtain information of correlated substance accumulation and gene expression. In the correlation search, calculation method, range of correlation coefficient and plant samples can be selected freely.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toru Kudo
- RIKEN Plant Science Center, 1-7-22 Suehiro, Tsurumi, Yokohama, 230-0045 Japan
- These authors equally contributed to this study
- Present address: PMCB Program, Horticultural Sciences Department, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
| | - Kenji Akiyama
- RIKEN Plant Science Center, 1-7-22 Suehiro, Tsurumi, Yokohama, 230-0045 Japan
- These authors equally contributed to this study
| | - Mikiko Kojima
- RIKEN Plant Science Center, 1-7-22 Suehiro, Tsurumi, Yokohama, 230-0045 Japan
| | - Nobue Makita
- RIKEN Plant Science Center, 1-7-22 Suehiro, Tsurumi, Yokohama, 230-0045 Japan
| | - Tetsuya Sakurai
- RIKEN Plant Science Center, 1-7-22 Suehiro, Tsurumi, Yokohama, 230-0045 Japan
| | - Hitoshi Sakakibara
- RIKEN Plant Science Center, 1-7-22 Suehiro, Tsurumi, Yokohama, 230-0045 Japan
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