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Fandiño-Del-Rio M, Matsui EC, Calafat AM, Koehl R, Botelho JC, Woo H, Boyle M, Hansel NN, McCormack M, Quirós-Alcalá L. Recent use of consumer and personal care products and exposures to select endocrine disrupting chemicals among urban children with asthma. JOURNAL OF EXPOSURE SCIENCE & ENVIRONMENTAL EPIDEMIOLOGY 2024; 34:637-646. [PMID: 38890543 DOI: 10.1038/s41370-024-00693-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Revised: 05/15/2024] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Emerging studies suggest that endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) in personal care and other consumer products are linked with various adverse health effects, including respiratory and reproductive effects. Despite Black persons using more personal care products than other demographic groups and having a high asthma burden, little is known regarding their consumer product use patterns and associated EDC exposures. OBJECTIVE To examine the association between recent exposure to select EDCs with specific consumer products and behaviors in a cohort of 110 predominantly Black children with asthma, ages 8-17 years, living in Baltimore City, Maryland. METHODS We quantified concentrations of bisphenol A (BPA), bisphenol S (BPS), bisphenol F, two dichlorophenols, four parabens, triclosan, benzophenone-3, and triclocarban in spot urine samples. Questionnaires were used to capture recent (last 24-h) consumer product use and behaviors. Associations between EDCs and consumer product uses/behaviors were assessed using multivariable linear regression, adjusting for age, gender, race/ethnicity, and caregiver income level. Effect estimates were expressed as geometric mean ratios of biomarker concentrations of product-users vs non-users. RESULTS Increased concentrations to select EDCs were associated with recent use of air freshener (ratios; BPA: 1.9, 95%CI 1.4-2; BPS 1.7, 95%CI 1-2.97; propyl paraben: 3.0, 95%CI 1.6-5.6), scented candles (methyl paraben: 2.6, 95%CI 1.1-6.1), and scented carpet powder (2,5-dichlorophenol: 2.8, 95%CI 1.2-6.3). Additionally, consuming canned food was associated with some increased biomarker concentrations (ratios: BPA: 1.7, 95%CI 1.2-2.4; BPS: 2.1, 95% CI: 1.2-3.6). SIGNIFICANCE These findings add to the body of evidence suggesting that recent use of select consumer products in Black children contributes to exposure of chemicals of concern and could potentially inform exposure mitigation interventions. Findings have broad potential health implications for pediatric populations and Black children who may face exposure and health disparities. IMPACT Little is known about how children's personal care product use and consumer behaviors affect their exposures to endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs). This is particularly true for Black children who often experience a disparate exposure burden to many EDCs. This is a significant knowledge gap among children that are uniquely vulnerable to EDCs as they undergo critical windows of growth and development. Our findings show associations between consumer products and EDC exposures in predominantly Black children in low-income settings. Identifying EDC exposure determinants has broad health implications as many of these chemicals have been associated with adverse health risks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Fandiño-Del-Rio
- Department of Environmental Health & Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Elizabeth C Matsui
- Department of Pediatrics, Department of Population Health, University of Austin, Dell Medical School, Austin, TX, USA
| | - Antonia M Calafat
- National Center for Environmental Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Rachelle Koehl
- Pulmonary and Critical Care Division, Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Julianne Cook Botelho
- National Center for Environmental Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Han Woo
- Pulmonary and Critical Care Division, Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Meleah Boyle
- Maryland Institute of Applied Environmental Health, School of Public Health, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA
| | - Nadia N Hansel
- Pulmonary and Critical Care Division, Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Meredith McCormack
- Pulmonary and Critical Care Division, Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Lesliam Quirós-Alcalá
- Department of Environmental Health & Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA.
- Maryland Institute of Applied Environmental Health, School of Public Health, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA.
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Nusslock R, Alloy LB, Brody GH, Miller GE. Annual Research Review: Neuroimmune network model of depression: a developmental perspective. J Child Psychol Psychiatry 2024; 65:538-567. [PMID: 38426610 PMCID: PMC11090270 DOI: 10.1111/jcpp.13961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
Depression is a serious public health problem, and adolescence is an 'age of risk' for the onset of Major Depressive Disorder. Recently, we and others have proposed neuroimmune network models that highlight bidirectional communication between the brain and the immune system in both mental and physical health, including depression. These models draw on research indicating that the cellular actors (particularly monocytes) and signaling molecules (particularly cytokines) that orchestrate inflammation in the periphery can directly modulate the structure and function of the brain. In the brain, inflammatory activity heightens sensitivity to threats in the cortico-amygdala circuit, lowers sensitivity to rewards in the cortico-striatal circuit, and alters executive control and emotion regulation in the prefrontal cortex. When dysregulated, and particularly under conditions of chronic stress, inflammation can generate feelings of dysphoria, distress, and anhedonia. This is proposed to initiate unhealthy, self-medicating behaviors (e.g. substance use, poor diet) to manage the dysphoria, which further heighten inflammation. Over time, dysregulation in these brain circuits and the inflammatory response may compound each other to form a positive feedback loop, whereby dysregulation in one organ system exacerbates the other. We and others suggest that this neuroimmune dysregulation is a dynamic joint vulnerability for depression, particularly during adolescence. We have three goals for the present paper. First, we extend neuroimmune network models of mental and physical health to generate a developmental framework of risk for the onset of depression during adolescence. Second, we examine how a neuroimmune network perspective can help explain the high rates of comorbidity between depression and other psychiatric disorders across development, and multimorbidity between depression and stress-related medical illnesses. Finally, we consider how identifying neuroimmune pathways to depression can facilitate a 'next generation' of behavioral and biological interventions that target neuroimmune signaling to treat, and ideally prevent, depression in youth and adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robin Nusslock
- Department of Psychology, Northwestern University, Evanston IL, USA
- Institute for Policy Research, Northwestern University, Evanston IL, USA
| | - Lauren B. Alloy
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA. USA
| | - Gene H. Brody
- Center for Family Research, University of Georgia, Athens GA, USA
| | - Gregory E. Miller
- Department of Psychology, Northwestern University, Evanston IL, USA
- Institute for Policy Research, Northwestern University, Evanston IL, USA
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Lemini C, Silveyra P, Segovia-Mendoza M. Cardiovascular disrupting effects of bisphenols, phthalates, and parabens related to endothelial dysfunction: Review of toxicological and pharmacological mechanisms. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2024; 107:104407. [PMID: 38428705 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2024.104407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2023] [Accepted: 02/25/2024] [Indexed: 03/03/2024]
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the leading cause of death worldwide. CVDs are promoted by the accumulation of lipids and immune cells in the endothelial space resulting in endothelial dysfunction. Endothelial cells are important components of the vascular endothelium, that regulate the vascular flow. The imbalance in the production of vasoactive substances results in the loss of vascular homeostasis, leading the endothelial dysfunction. Thus, endothelial dysfunction plays an essential role in the development of atherosclerosis and can be triggered by different cardiovascular risk factors. On the other hand, the 17β-estradiol (E2) hormone has been related to the regulation of vascular tone through different mechanisms. Several compounds can elicit estrogenic actions similar to those of E2. For these reasons, they have been called endocrine-disrupting compounds (EDCs). This review aims to provide up-to-date information about how different EDCs affect endothelial function and their mechanistic roles in the context of CVDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Lemini
- Departamento de Farmacología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Patricia Silveyra
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Indiana University Bloomington, School of Public Health, Bloomington, IN, USA
| | - Mariana Segovia-Mendoza
- Departamento de Farmacología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, Mexico.
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Song X, Ding X, Niu P, Chen T, Yan T. The Associations between Exposure to Multiple Heavy Metals and Total Immunoglobulin E in U.S. Adults. TOXICS 2024; 12:116. [PMID: 38393211 PMCID: PMC10891582 DOI: 10.3390/toxics12020116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2023] [Revised: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 01/27/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024]
Abstract
Immunoglobulin E (IgE) is a type of immunoglobulin, and elevated serum total IgE is often present in allergic diseases. Exposure to environmental heavy metals has been markedly linked to allergic diseases, leading to elevated total IgE levels. However, studies concerning the effects of multiple metal exposures on total IgE levels are limited. Therefore, the current study seeks to explore the correlation between heavy-metal co-exposure and total IgE levels based on the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES, 2005-2006). Participants possessed complete data on total IgE levels, 11 urinary metal concentrations and other covariates. The correlations between 11 metals and total IgE levels were analyzed using multiple linear regression, and total IgE levels were a continuous variable. Total IgE levels exceeding 150 kU/L were considered sensitized. Binary logistic regression analyses were employed to assess the correlation between metal exposure and the occurrence of an allergic state. Then, the association between co-exposure to the 11 metals and total IgE levels or the occurrence of sensitization status was further analyzed by Bayesian kernel machine regression (BKMR), a multi-contaminant model. There were 1429 adults with complete data included. Based on the median concentration, molybdenum (Mo) had the highest concentration (46.60 μg/L), followed by cesium (Cs), barium (Ba), lead (Pb), and mercury (Hg). And the median (interquartile range) for total IgE levels was 43.7 (17.3, 126.0) kU/L. Multiple linear regression results showed that Pb was significantly and positively associated with total IgE levels (β = 0.165; 95% CI: 0.046, 0.284). Binary logistic regression showed a significant positive correlation between urinary Pb (OR: 1.258; 95% CI: 1.052, 1.510) and tungsten (W) (OR: 1.251; 95% CI: 1.082, 1.447). Importantly, the BKMR model found a positive correlation between combined-metal exposure and total IgE levels and the occurrence of sensitization status. The mixed heavy-metal exposure was associated with increased total IgE levels, and this association may be driven primarily by the exposure of Pb and W. This study provides new insights into the relationship between heavy-metal exposure and allergic diseases. More research is needed to confirm these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Song
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China; (X.S.)
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Xiaowen Ding
- Beijing Institute of Occupational Disease Prevention and Treatment, Beijing 100093, China
| | - Piye Niu
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China; (X.S.)
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Tian Chen
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China; (X.S.)
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Tenglong Yan
- Beijing Institute of Occupational Disease Prevention and Treatment, Beijing 100093, China
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Jackson-Browne MS, Patti MA, Henderson NB, Hauptman M, Phipatanakul W. Asthma and Environmental Exposures to Phenols, Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons, and Phthalates in Children. Curr Environ Health Rep 2023; 10:469-477. [PMID: 37973722 PMCID: PMC10877704 DOI: 10.1007/s40572-023-00417-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Medina S Jackson-Browne
- Division of General Pediatrics, Boston Children's Hospital, Member of the Faculty, Harvard Medical School, 300 Longwood Avenue, LM 7605.1, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.
- Harvard Medical School, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Marisa A Patti
- AJ Drexel Autism Institute, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Noelle B Henderson
- Department of Environmental Health, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Marissa Hauptman
- Division of General Pediatrics, Boston Children's Hospital, Member of the Faculty, Harvard Medical School, 300 Longwood Avenue, LM 7605.1, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA
- New England Pediatric Environmental Health Specialty Unit, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Wanda Phipatanakul
- Harvard Medical School, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
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Ma J, Urgard E, Runge S, Classon CH, Mathä L, Stark JM, Cheng L, Álvarez JA, von Zedtwitz S, Baleviciute A, Martinez Hoyer S, Li M, Gernand AM, Osbelt L, Bielecka AA, Lesker TR, Huang HJ, Vrtala S, Boon L, Beyaert R, Adner M, Martinez Gonzalez I, Strowig T, Du J, Nylén S, Rosshart SP, Coquet JM. Laboratory mice with a wild microbiota generate strong allergic immune responses. Sci Immunol 2023; 8:eadf7702. [PMID: 37774008 DOI: 10.1126/sciimmunol.adf7702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 10/01/2023]
Abstract
Allergic disorders are caused by a combination of hereditary and environmental factors. The hygiene hypothesis postulates that early-life microbial exposures impede the development of subsequent allergic disease. Recently developed "wildling" mice are genetically identical to standard laboratory specific pathogen-free (SPF) mice but are housed under seminatural conditions and have rich microbial exposures from birth. Thus, by comparing conventional SPF mice with wildlings, we can uncouple the impact of lifelong microbial exposures from genetic factors on the allergic immune response. We found that wildlings developed larger populations of antigen-experienced T cells than conventional SPF mice, which included interleukin-10-producing CD4 T cells specific for commensal Lactobacilli strains and allergy-promoting T helper 2 (TH2) cells. In models of airway exposure to house dust mite (HDM), recombinant interleukin-33, or Alternaria alternata, wildlings developed strong allergic inflammation, characterized by eosinophil recruitment, goblet cell metaplasia, and antigen-specific immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) and IgE responses. Wildlings developed robust de novo TH2 cell responses to incoming allergens, whereas preexisting TH2 cells could also be recruited into the allergic immune response in a cytokine-driven and TCR-independent fashion. Thus, wildling mice, which experience diverse and lifelong microbial exposures, were not protected from developing pathological allergic immune responses. Instead, wildlings mounted robust allergic responses to incoming allergens, shedding new light on the hygiene hypothesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junjie Ma
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology (MTC), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Egon Urgard
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology (MTC), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Leo Foundation Skin Immunology Research Centre, Department of Immunology and Microbiology, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Solveig Runge
- Department of Microbiome Research, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany
- Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Cajsa H Classon
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology (MTC), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Laura Mathä
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology (MTC), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Julian M Stark
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology (MTC), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Liqin Cheng
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology (MTC), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Javiera A Álvarez
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology (MTC), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Silvia von Zedtwitz
- Department of Medicine II, Medical Center-University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Austeja Baleviciute
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology (MTC), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Sergio Martinez Hoyer
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology (MTC), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Muzhen Li
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology (MTC), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Anne Marleen Gernand
- Department of Medicine II, Medical Center-University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Lisa Osbelt
- Department of Microbial Immune Regulation, Helmholtz Center for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Agata Anna Bielecka
- Department of Microbial Immune Regulation, Helmholtz Center for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Till R Lesker
- Department of Microbial Immune Regulation, Helmholtz Center for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Huey-Jy Huang
- Division of Immunopathology, Department of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research, Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology, and Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Susanne Vrtala
- Division of Immunopathology, Department of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research, Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology, and Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | | | - Rudi Beyaert
- VIB Centre for Inflammation Research, Ghent, Belgium
- Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Mikael Adner
- Institute of Environmental Medicine and Centre for Allergy Research, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Itziar Martinez Gonzalez
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology (MTC), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Till Strowig
- Department of Microbial Immune Regulation, Helmholtz Center for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany
- Center for Individualized Infection Medicine (CiiM), a joint venture between the Helmholtz-Centre for Infection Research (HZI) and the Hannover Medical School (MHH), Hannover, Germany
| | - Juan Du
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology (MTC), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Susanne Nylén
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology (MTC), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Stephan P Rosshart
- Department of Microbiome Research, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany
- Department of Medicine II, Medical Center-University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Jonathan M Coquet
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology (MTC), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Leo Foundation Skin Immunology Research Centre, Department of Immunology and Microbiology, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
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Tsai ML, Hsu SH, Wang LT, Liao WT, Lin YC, Kuo CH, Hsu YL, Feng MC, Kuo FC, Hung CH. Di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate mediates IL-33 production via aryl hydrocarbon receptor and is associated with childhood allergy development. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1193647. [PMID: 37545493 PMCID: PMC10401841 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1193647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Few studies assess cord blood biomarkers to predict prenatal exposure to di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) on the development of allergic diseases later in childhood. IL-33 has been indicated to play an important role in allergic diseases. We evaluated the association of prenatal DEHP exposure and IL-33 in cord blood on the development of allergic diseases. We also investigated the mechanism of DEHP in human lung epithelial cells and asthma animal models. Methods 66 pregnant women were recruited, and their children followed when they were aged 3 years. Maternal urinary DEHP metabolites were determined using liquid chromatography-electrospray-ionization-tandem mass spectrometry. The effect of DEHP on IL-33 production was investigated in human lung epithelial cells and club cell-specific aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) deficiency mice. ELISA and RT-PCR, respectively, measured the IL-33 cytokine concentration and mRNA expression. Results The concentrations of maternal urinary DEHP metabolites and serum IL-33 in cord blood with childhood allergy were significantly higher than those in the non-childhood allergy group. DEHP and MEHP could induce IL-33 production and reverse by AhR antagonist and flavonoids in vitro. Enhanced ovalbumin-induced IL-4 and IL-33 production in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) by DEHP exposure and suppressed in club cell-specific AhR null mice. Kaempferol has significantly reversed the DEHP effect in the asthma animal model. Conclusions Cord blood IL-33 level was correlated to childhood allergy and associated with maternal DEHP exposure. IL-33 might be a potential target to assess the development of DEHP-related childhood allergic disease. Flavonoids might be the natural antidotes for DEHP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei-Lan Tsai
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Hsien Hsu
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Research Center for Precision Environmental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Li-Ting Wang
- Department of Life Science, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Ting Liao
- Department of Medical Research, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Ching Lin
- Department of Medical Research, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Doctoral Degree Program of Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chang-Hung Kuo
- Ta-Kuo Clinic, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Department of Pediatrics, Kaohsiung Municipal Ta-Tung Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Ya-Ling Hsu
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Drug Development and Value Creation Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Chu Feng
- Department of Superintendent, High Commissioner, Kaohsiung Municipal Siaogang Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Department of Nursing, Fooyin University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Fu-Chen Kuo
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, E-Da Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Hsing Hung
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Research Center for Precision Environmental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Department of Pediatrics, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Department of Pediatrics, Kaohsiung Municipal Siaogang Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
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Chamani S, Mobasheri L, Rostami Z, Zare I, Naghizadeh A, Mostafavi E. Heavy metals in contact dermatitis: A review. J Trace Elem Med Biol 2023; 79:127240. [PMID: 37331278 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2023.127240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2023] [Revised: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/20/2023]
Abstract
Contact dermatitis is an inflammatory skin reaction caused by direct contact with chemical substances in the environment and can either be irritant or allergic in nature. The clinical symptoms of contact dermatitis, include local skin rash, itching, redness, swelling, and lesions. Nowadays, 15-20% of people have some degree of contact dermatitis, which can be more or less severe. Immune responses in allergic contact dermatitis (ACD) are due to the effects of cytokines and allergen-specific CD4+ and CD8+ T cells on the skin. Acids and alkalis such as drain cleaners, plants such as poinsettias, hair colors, and nail polish remover, are all prominent causes of irritant contact dermatitis (ICDs). Heavy metals are metallic elements with a high atomic weight that are hazardous in low quantities and are known to cause dermatitis after systemic or local exposure. Nickel (Ni), chromium (Cr), lead (Pb), and copper (Cu) are among the most common heavy metals used in various industries. Metal allergies may cause ACD and also systemic contact dermatitis (SCD). Contact dermatitis is detected by laboratory tests such as patch testing, lymphocyte stimulation test (LST), and evaluation of cytokine production by primary cultures of peripheral blood mononuclear cells. This article presents an update on the epidemiological and clinical characteristics of ACD and SCD caused by three heavy metals (Cr, Cu, and Pb). Ni is not discussed due to recent coverage. Furthermore, the effects of contact sensitivity to some other heavy metals, such as gold (Au), cobalt (Co), palladium (Pd), and mercury (Hg) are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sajad Chamani
- Medical Toxicology and Drug Abuse Research Center (MTDRC), Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Leila Mobasheri
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Zeinab Rostami
- Student Research Committee, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Iman Zare
- Research and Development Department, Sina Medical Biochemistry Technologies Co. Ltd., Shiraz 7178795844, Iran
| | - Ali Naghizadeh
- Medical Toxicology and Drug Abuse Research Center (MTDRC), Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran.
| | - Ebrahim Mostafavi
- Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
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Zhang Y, Lyu L, Tao Y, Ju H, Chen J. Health risks of phthalates: A review of immunotoxicity. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2022; 313:120173. [PMID: 36113640 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.120173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Revised: 08/27/2022] [Accepted: 09/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Phthalates (PAEs) are known environmental endocrine disruptors that have been widely detected in several environments, and many studies have reported the immunotoxic effects of these compounds. Here, we reviewed relevant published studies, summarized the occurrence and major metabolic pathways of six typical PAEs (DMP, DEP, DBP, BBP, DEHP, and DOP) in water, soil, and the atmosphere, degradation and metabolic pathways under aerobic and anaerobic conditions, and explored the molecular mechanisms of the toxic effects of eleven PAEs (DEHP, DPP, DPrP, DHP, DEP, DBP, MBP, MBzP, BBP, DiNP, and DMP) on the immune system of different organisms at the gene, protein, and cellular levels. A comprehensive understanding of the mechanisms by which PAEs affect immune system function through regulation of immune gene expression and enzymes, increased ROS, immune signaling pathways, specific and non-specific immunosuppression, and interference with the complement system. By summarizing the effects of these compounds on typical model organisms, this review provides insights into the mechanisms by which PAEs affect the immune system, thus supplementing human immune experiments. Finally, we discuss the future direction of PAEs immunotoxicity research, thus providing a framework for the analysis of other environmental pollutants, as well as a basis for PAEs management and safe use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Zhang
- College of Resources and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, PR China.
| | - Liang Lyu
- College of Resources and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, PR China.
| | - Yue Tao
- College of Resources and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, PR China.
| | - Hanxun Ju
- College of Resources and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, PR China.
| | - Jie Chen
- Rural Energy Station of Heilongjiang Province, Harbin, 150030, PR China.
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10
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Wang J, Yin J, Hong X, Liu R. Exposure to Heavy Metals and Allergic Outcomes in Children: a Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. Biol Trace Elem Res 2022; 200:4615-4631. [PMID: 35006554 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-021-03070-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2021] [Accepted: 12/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
It has been reported that heavy metals have adverse effects on the immune system. However, the relationship between heavy metal exposure and allergic outcomes remains unclear. This systematic review was conducted to examine whether heavy metal exposure is associated with allergic outcomes during childhood. We performed a systematic search of all relevant articles in Web of Science, EMBASE, and PubMed, from inception through to November 2020. We used odds ratio (OR) and the standard mean differences (SMDs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) to present estimates from individual studies. In addition, random-effects meta-analysis was used to pool the data. We also conducted the meta-regression and subgroup analysis to explore potential sources of heterogeneity. After duplicate removal, we finally included 35 articles in the systematic review and meta-analysis from an initial 11,181 articles. The overall results showed that copper (Cu) was associated with asthma (pooled SMD = 1.50, 95% CI = 0.13-2.86); in the subgroup analysis, the results indicated that lead (Pb) was associated with asthma (pooled OR = 6.27, 95% CI = 2.24-17.56), and Cu and Pb were connected with atopic dermatitis (SMD = - 1.05, 95% CI = - 1.45 to - 0.65; SMD = 5.68, 95% CI = 5.05-6.32), respectively. Mercury (Hg) was associated with atopic dermatitis (pooled OR = 1.13, 95% CI = 1.04-1.22) and wheeze (OR = 1.20, 95% CI = 1.05-1.37). The meta-analysis results indicate that Cu might be connected with childhood asthma, but not with other allergic diseases; Hg and Pb may have no association with allergic diseases during childhood. Given some limits observed in the current studies, more prospective cohort studies are still needed to verify our findings. Review registration: PROSPERO CRD42020222167.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Wang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Jiechen Yin
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Xiang Hong
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Ran Liu
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, China.
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11
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Dai W, Liu X, Su H, Li X, Xu Y, Yu Y. Influence of adipose tissue immune dysfunction on childhood obesity. Cytokine Growth Factor Rev 2022; 65:27-38. [PMID: 35595599 DOI: 10.1016/j.cytogfr.2022.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2022] [Revised: 04/29/2022] [Accepted: 04/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
In recent decades, a dramatic rise has been observed in the prevalence of obesity in childhood and adolescence, along with an increase in fetal microsomia rates. The increased risk of obesity during this key period in development negatively affects the health of the individual later in life. Immune cells residing and recruited to white adipose tissue have been highlighted as important factors contributing to the pathogenesis of childhood obesity. Immune dysfunction in the context of obesity begins early in childhood, which is different from the pathological characteristics and influencing factors of adipose immunity in adults. Here, we explore the current understanding of the roles of childhood and early life events that result in high risks for obesity by influencing adipose tissue immune dysfunction under the pathological condition of obesity. Such knowledge will help in determining the mechanisms of childhood and early life obesity in efforts to ameliorate chronic inflammation-related metabolic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanlin Dai
- Health Sciences Institute, Key Laboratory of Obesity and Glucose/Lipid Associated Metabolic Diseases, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, Liaoning, China; College of Basic Medical Science, Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Liaoning Province, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, Liaoning, China; Innovation Institute, China Medical University, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, Liaoning, China
| | - Xiyan Liu
- Health Sciences Institute, Key Laboratory of Obesity and Glucose/Lipid Associated Metabolic Diseases, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, Liaoning, China; College of Basic Medical Science, Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Liaoning Province, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, Liaoning, China
| | - Han Su
- Health Sciences Institute, Key Laboratory of Obesity and Glucose/Lipid Associated Metabolic Diseases, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, Liaoning, China; College of Basic Medical Science, Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Liaoning Province, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, Liaoning, China
| | - Xuan Li
- Health Sciences Institute, Key Laboratory of Obesity and Glucose/Lipid Associated Metabolic Diseases, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, Liaoning, China; College of Basic Medical Science, Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Liaoning Province, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, Liaoning, China; Innovation Institute, China Medical University, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, Liaoning, China
| | - Yingxi Xu
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, Liaoning, China
| | - Yang Yu
- Health Sciences Institute, Key Laboratory of Obesity and Glucose/Lipid Associated Metabolic Diseases, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, Liaoning, China; College of Basic Medical Science, Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Liaoning Province, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, Liaoning, China.
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12
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Deng YL, Liao JQ, Zhou B, Zhang WX, Liu C, Yuan XQ, Chen PP, Miao Y, Luo Q, Cui FP, Zhang M, Sun SZ, Zheng TZ, Xia W, Li YY, Xu SQ, Zeng Q. Early life exposure to air pollution and cell-mediated immune responses in preschoolers. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 286:131963. [PMID: 34426263 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.131963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2020] [Revised: 08/18/2021] [Accepted: 08/19/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Exposure to air pollution has been linked with altered immune function in adults, but little is known about its effects on early life. This study aimed to investigate the effects of exposure to air pollution during prenatal and postnatal windows on cell-mediated immune function in preschoolers. METHODS Pre-school aged children (2.9 ± 0.5 y old, n = 391) were recruited from a mother-child cohort study in Wuhan, China. We used a spatial-temporal land use regression (LUR) model to estimate exposures of particulate matter with aerodynamic diameters ≤2.5 μm (PM2.5) and ≤10 μm (PM10), and nitrogen dioxide (NO2) during the specific trimesters of pregnancy and the first two postnatal years. We measured peripheral blood T lymphocyte subsets and plasma cytokines as indicators of cellular immune function. We used multiple informant models to examine the associations of prenatal and postnatal exposures to air pollution with cell-mediated immune function. RESULTS Prenatal exposures to PM2.5, PM10, and NO2 during early pregnancy were negatively associated with %CD3+ and %CD3+CD8+ cells, and during late pregnancy were positively associated with %CD3+ cells. Postnatal exposures to these air pollutants during 1-y or 2-y childhood were positively associated with IL-4, IL-5, IL-6, and TNF-α. We also observed that the associations of prenatal or postnatal air pollution exposures with cellular immune responses varied by child's sex. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that exposure to air pollution during different critical windows of early life may differentially alter cellular immune responses, and these effects appear to be sex-specific.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Ling Deng
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China
| | - Jia-Qiang Liao
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China
| | - Bin Zhou
- Wuhan Medical and Health Center for Women and Children, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Wen-Xin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China
| | - Chong Liu
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China
| | - Xiao-Qiong Yuan
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095, Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China
| | - Pan-Pan Chen
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China
| | - Yu Miao
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China
| | - Qiong Luo
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China
| | - Fei-Peng Cui
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China
| | - Min Zhang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China
| | - Sheng-Zhi Sun
- Department of Environmental Health, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Tong-Zhang Zheng
- Department of Epidemiology, Brown University School of Public Health, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Wei Xia
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China
| | - Yuan-Yuan Li
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China
| | - Shun-Qing Xu
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China.
| | - Qiang Zeng
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China; Department of Epidemiology, Brown University School of Public Health, Providence, RI, USA.
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Kim E, Bonnegarde-Bernard A, Opiyo SO, Joldrichsen MR, Attia Z, Ahmer BH, Cormet-Boyaka E, Boyaka PN. Pollutants enhance IgE sensitization in the gut via local alteration of vitamin D-metabolizing enzymes. Mucosal Immunol 2022; 15:143-153. [PMID: 34504311 PMCID: PMC10655957 DOI: 10.1038/s41385-021-00440-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2020] [Revised: 07/14/2021] [Accepted: 07/31/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Mechanisms linking ingested pollutants to increased incidence of allergy are poorly understood. We report that mice exposed to low doses of cadmium develop higher IgE responses following oral allergen sensitization and more severe allergic symptoms upon allergen challenge. The environmentally relevant doses of this pollutant also induced oxidative/inflammatory responses in the gut of SPF, but not germ-free mice. Interestingly, the increased IgE responses correlated with stimulation of the vitamin D3-metabolizing enzymes CYP27B1 and CYP24A1 in the gut and increased luminal levels of oxidized vitamin D3 metabolites that are not ligands of the vitamin D receptor. Inhibition of CYP27B1 and CYP24A1 via oral administration of pharmacological inhibitors reduced IgE responses induced in mice orally exposed to cadmium. Our findings identify local alteration of vitamin D signaling as a new mechanism for induction of IgE responses by environmental pollutants. They also identify vitamin D3-metabolizing enzymes as therapeutic targets for the treatment of allergy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eunsoo Kim
- Department of Veterinary Biosciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | | | - Stephen O Opiyo
- Molecular, Cellular Imaging Center-Columbus, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Marisa R Joldrichsen
- Department of Veterinary Biosciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Zayed Attia
- Department of Veterinary Biosciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Brian H Ahmer
- Department of Microbial Infection and Immunity, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | | | - Prosper N Boyaka
- Department of Veterinary Biosciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA.
- Department of Microbial Infection and Immunity, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA.
- Infection Diseases Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA.
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Duc Nguyen H, Oh H, Kim MS. Association between exposure to chemical mixtures in relation to serum total IgE among adults 19-86 years old. Int Immunopharmacol 2021; 102:108428. [PMID: 34911030 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2021.108428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2021] [Revised: 11/20/2021] [Accepted: 11/30/2021] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
There is a scarcity of studies on the effects of mixed chemicals on total IgE. We aim to assess whether there is a link between chemical mixtures (blood and urine of 26 chemicals including lead, mercury, cadmium, t,t-muconic acid, benzylmercapturic acid , 1-hydroxypyrene, 2-naphthol, 2-hydroxyfluorene, 1-hydroxyphenanthrene, mono-(2-ethyl-5-hydroxyhexyl) phthalate, mono-(2-ethyl-5-oxohexyl) phthalate, mono-n-butyl phthalate, mono-benzyl phthalate, mono-(2-ethyl-5-carboxypentyl) phthalate, mono-carboxyoctyl phthalate, mono-carboxy-isononly phthalate, mono (3-carboxypropyl) phthalate, bisphenol A, bisphenol F, bisphenol S, triclosan, methylparaben, ethylparaben, propylparaben, 3-phenoxybenzoic acid, and cotinine), and total IgE in 3,642 Korean adults aged ≥ 19. The effects of mixed chemical exposure on total IgE were identified using linear regression models, weighted quantile sum (WQS) regression, quantile g-computation (qgcomp), and Bayesian kernel machine regression (BKMR). The most relevant factors linked with IgE, according to the linear regression models, were blood or urine mercury and urine bisphenol A levels, with significant trends detected for these chemical tertiles (p < 0.01). The WQS index was significantly linked with ln2-transformed levels of serum total IgE (β = 0.30, 95 %CI 0.25-0.32). The qgcomp index also found a significant link between chemicals and ln2-transformed levels of serum total IgE (β = 0.52, 95 %CI 0.21-0.82), and elevated serum total IgE levels (OR = 2.55, 95 %CI 1.14-5.71). In BKMR analysis, the overall effect of the mixture was significantly associated with ln2-transformed levels of serum total IgE. The cutoff levels for exposure levels related to serum total IgE levels/elevated serum total IgE levels were reported. We discovered that whole-body exposure to 26 chemicals was associated with serum total IgE levels after assessing the findings of these four models. More research is needed in the future to gain a better understanding of the impact of mixed chemical exposure on allergic disorders and how to minimize chemical exposure, especially for people under the age of 18.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai Duc Nguyen
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Life and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sunchon National University, Sunchon, Jeonnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Hojin Oh
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Life and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sunchon National University, Sunchon, Jeonnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Min-Sun Kim
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Life and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sunchon National University, Sunchon, Jeonnam, Republic of Korea.
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Nutritional Quality of the Most Consumed Varieties of Raw and Cooked Rice in Spain Submitted to an In Vitro Digestion Model. Foods 2021; 10:foods10112584. [PMID: 34828863 PMCID: PMC8618410 DOI: 10.3390/foods10112584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2021] [Revised: 10/20/2021] [Accepted: 10/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Rice is one of the most consumed staple foods around the world and its trade is highly globalized. Increased environmental pollution generates a large amount of waste that, in many cases, is discarded close to culture fields. Some species are able to bioaccumulate toxic substances, such as metals, that could be transferred to the food chain. The main goal of this study was to evaluate the content of metallic (Al, Cd, Pb, and Cr) and metalloid elements (As) in 14 of the most consumed varieties of rice in Spain and their effects on human health. The samples were cooked, and human digestion was simulated by using a standard in vitro digestion method. Metallic and metalloid element levels were analysed by Inductively Coupled Plasma Optical Emission Spectrometry (ICP-OES), previous called microwave digestion. Both the human health risk index, Hazard Quotient, and Lifetime Cancer Risk did not show toxic values in any case. Rice with a higher non-digestible fraction showed a higher liberation of proteins and a lower glycemic index. There were no significant differences in the concentrations of metallic and metalloid elements in cooked rice or in the digestible fraction in all varieties analysed. However, Al concentrations were higher than other metals in all varieties studied due to its global distribution. No relationship has been observed between the digestibility of rice and the bioaccessibility of each metallic and metalloid element. All of the studied rice varieties are healthy food products and its daily consumption is safe. The regular monitoring of metals and As in rice consumed in Spain may contribute to improvements in the human health risk evaluation.
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Lee JY, Lee J, Huh DA, Moon KW. Association between environmental exposure to phthalates and allergic disorders in Korean children: Korean National Environmental Health Survey (KoNEHS) 2015-2017. Int J Hyg Environ Health 2021; 238:113857. [PMID: 34644676 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijheh.2021.113857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2021] [Revised: 09/12/2021] [Accepted: 10/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Phthalates are common industrial chemicals that are used as plasticizers in plastics, personal care products, and building materials. Although these chemicals have been suspected as risk factors for allergic outcomes among children, inconsistent associations between environmental exposure to phthalates and allergic disorders have been found across different populations. Therefore, this study aimed to assess whether environmental phthalate exposure was associated with parent-reported current allergic symptoms (atopic dermatitis, AD; asthma; and allergic rhinitis, AR) and the index of allergic response (levels of serum total immunoglobulin E, IgE) in a nationally representative sample of children. METHODS In this study, children aged 3-17 years (n = 2208) were recruited from the Korean National Environmental Health Survey (KoNEHS) 2015-2017 to conduct an analysis of their current allergic symptoms. Among this number of children, the total IgE analysis included 806 participants because total IgE levels were only measured in children aged 12-17 years. RESULTS After adjusting for all covariates, mono-benzyl phthalate (MBzP) [OR (95% CI) = 1.15 (1.01, 1.30)], mono-(carboxyoctyl) phthalate (MCOP) [OR (95% CI) = 1.35 (1.02, 1.78)], and the sum of di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate metabolites (∑DEHP) [OR (95% CI) = 1.39 (1.09, 1.79)] were associated with increased odds of current AD. MCOP [OR (95% CI) = 1.19 (1.01, 1.40)], mono-(carboxynonyl) phthalate (MCNP) [OR (95% CI) = 1.24 (1.05, 1.45)], and ∑DEHP [OR (95% CI) = 1.22 (1.02, 1.44)] were also associated with increased odds of current AR. Individual DEHP metabolites showed similar associations with current AD and AR. In addition, MCNP was positively related to IgE levels [β (95% CI) = 0.26 (0.12, 0.40)]. MBzP [OR (95% CI) = 1.17 (1.01, 1.35)], MCOP [OR (95% CI) = 1.62 (1.12, 2.32)], and mono-(2-ethyl-5-oxohexyl) phthalate (MEOHP) [OR (95% CI) = 1.36 (1.06, 1.76)] showed positive relationships with allergic multimorbidity. Moreover, higher concentrations of MCNP were related to increased odds of experiencing both current AR and total IgE levels [OR (95% CI) = 1.98 (1.29, 3.04)], and children with elevated IgE levels (>100IU/mL) were more likely to have current AR associated with MCNP than those without elevated IgE levels (p = 0.007). Specifically, the relationship between MCNP and current AR was significantly mediated through alterations in IgE levels (14.7%), and MCNP also showed the positive association with current AR, independent of IgE (85.3%). CONCLUSION These results suggest that environmental exposure to phthalates may affect the immune system and increase the occurrence of allergic symptoms in children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ju-Yeon Lee
- Department of Health and Safety Convergence Science, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea; BK21 FOUR R&E Center for Learning Health System, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jiyun Lee
- Department of Health and Safety Convergence Science, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea; BK21 FOUR R&E Center for Learning Health System, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Da-An Huh
- Institute of Health Sciences, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyong Whan Moon
- BK21 FOUR R&E Center for Learning Health System, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Department of Health and Environmental Science, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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Ghassabian A, Vandenberg L, Kannan K, Trasande L. Endocrine-Disrupting Chemicals and Child Health. Annu Rev Pharmacol Toxicol 2021; 62:573-594. [PMID: 34555290 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-pharmtox-021921-093352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
While definitions vary, endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) have two fundamental features: their disruption of hormone function and their contribution to disease and disability. The unique vulnerability of children to low-level EDC exposures has eroded the notion that only the dose makes the thing a poison, requiring a paradigm shift in scientific and policy practice. In this review, we discuss the unique vulnerability of children as early as fetal life and provide an overview of epidemiological studies on programming effects of EDCs on neuronal, metabolic, and immune pathways as well as on endocrine, reproductive, and renal systems. Building on this accumulating evidence, we dispel and address existing myths about the health effects of EDCs with examples from child health research. Finally, we provide a list of effective actions to reduce exposure, and subsequent harm that are applicable to individuals, communities, and policy-makers. Expected final online publication date for the Annual Review of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Volume 62 is January 2022. Please see http://www.annualreviews.org/page/journal/pubdates for revised estimates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akhgar Ghassabian
- Departments of Pediatrics and Environmental Medicine, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA; .,Department of Population Health, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Laura Vandenberg
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health and Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, USA
| | - Kurunthachalam Kannan
- Departments of Pediatrics and Environmental Medicine, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA;
| | - Leonardo Trasande
- Departments of Pediatrics and Environmental Medicine, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA; .,Department of Population Health, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA.,Wagner School of Public Service and College of Global Public Health, New York University, New York, NY 10016, USA
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Park SJ, Sim KH, Shrestha P, Yang JH, Lee YJ. Perfluorooctane sulfonate and bisphenol A induce a similar level of mast cell activation via a common signaling pathway, Fyn-Lyn-Syk activation. Food Chem Toxicol 2021; 156:112478. [PMID: 34363875 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2021.112478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2021] [Revised: 07/31/2021] [Accepted: 08/03/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Perfluoroalkyl compounds (PFCs) as food contaminants are widely distributed persistent organic pollutants (POPs) and have been suggested to induce immune dysfunction. However, their effects on immune function are not conclusive. Mast cells play a central role in allergic and non-allergic inflammatory responses. Therefore, we have examined the effects of PFCs (PFHxS, PFOA, PFOS) on mast cell-mediated inflammatory responses using in vitro mouse bone marrow-derived mast cells (BMMCs) and human mast cells (HMC-1) and in vivo mice model. The effects of PFCs were compared with those of bisphenol A (BPA), a well-studied environmental pollutant. Among PFCs tested, PFOS had the highest effects. Both PFOS and BPA increased degranulation and production of inflammatory eicosanoids in mast cells at a similar level, which subsequently led to increased skin edema and serum LTC4 and PGD2 in mice. Both PFOS and BPA increased not only downstream signaling (PLCγ1, AKT, ERK), but also upstream signaling (Fyn, Lyn, Syk/LAT) in mast cells. Taken together, PFOS and BPA induce mast cell-mediated inflammatory responses via a common signaling pathways. Our results may help establish the scientific basis for understanding the etiology of mast cell-mediated inflammatory responses and improve the immune dysfunction risk assessment for emerging POPs such as PFCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sung-Joon Park
- Department of Pharmacology/Toxicology, School of Medicine, Catholic University of Daegu, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyeong Hwa Sim
- Department of Pharmacology/Toxicology, School of Medicine, Catholic University of Daegu, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Prafulla Shrestha
- Department of Pharmacology/Toxicology, School of Medicine, Catholic University of Daegu, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Ho Yang
- Department of Pharmacology/Toxicology, School of Medicine, Catholic University of Daegu, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Youn Ju Lee
- Department of Pharmacology/Toxicology, School of Medicine, Catholic University of Daegu, Daegu, Republic of Korea.
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Yalçın SS, Emiralioğlu N, Yalçın S. Evaluation of blood and tooth element status in asthma cases: a preliminary case-control study. BMC Pulm Med 2021; 21:201. [PMID: 34130672 PMCID: PMC8204585 DOI: 10.1186/s12890-021-01565-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2021] [Accepted: 06/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Asthma is a common respiratory disorder; some data were present on the correlation between increased levels of trace elements and the risk of asthma development. It was aimed to evaluate the levels of 13 selected blood and tooth elements (magnesium, phosphorus, calcium, chromium, manganese, iron, copper, zinc, strontium, molybdenum, cadmium, lead, mercury) in a well-controlled asthma group and the control group. Methods During the study period, 17 asthma patients and 26 age and gender-matched healthy children donated shed deciduous teeth having neither decay nor filling and enrolled for the study. The element levels in blood and teeth matrixes were analyzed with inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. Differences in blood and tooth elements in groups were evaluated with generalized linear models after adjusting confounding factors. Results After adjusting the child’s “z scores of body mass index for age”, history of iron deficiency anemia, and status of parental smoking, the generalized linear model revealed significantly lower tooth magnesium levels, lower blood zinc levels, and lower blood zinc/copper ratio in the asthma group than the control group (p = 0.042, p = 0.034, p = 0.002, respectively). Other studied elements for tooth and blood matrixes were similar in groups. Conclusion Our study revealed some differences in tooth and blood element levels in the asthma group. Further studies on zinc and magnesium levels of severe asthma cases are necessary for the interpretation of the results. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12890-021-01565-9.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Songül Yalçın
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey.
| | - Nagehan Emiralioğlu
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Suzan Yalçın
- Department of Food Hygiene and Technology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Selçuk University, Konya, Turkey
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Lovison Sasso E, Cattaneo R, Rosso Storck T, Spanamberg Mayer M, Sant'Anna V, Clasen B. Occupational exposure of rural workers to pesticides in a vegetable-producing region in Brazil. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:25758-25769. [PMID: 33469792 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-12444-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2020] [Accepted: 01/07/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The health of family farmers is at risk due to occupational exposure to pesticides. The aims of the current study were to investigate the level of farmers' perception of risks associated with pesticide use and to assess their health condition based on biochemical and immunological tests. Family farmers living in a vegetable-producing region in Southern Brazil were selected to participate in the study. More than 70% of the family farmers were often exposed to more than one type of pesticides; 41.2% were intensively using several pesticides for more than one decade and 74.4% were not using personal protective equipment (PPE) at the time of pesticide handling due to low perception of the risks posed by these chemicals. Enzymatic analysis performed in participants' blood samples showed changes in catalase (CAT) and glutathione reductase (GR) activity, in lipid peroxidation (TBARS) and carbonylated protein levels, as well as in chemoattractant (IL-8) and anti-inflammatory (IL-10) interleukin expression. Low perception of health-related risks posed by pesticides can be attributed to factors such as low schooling and lack of information, which put farmers' health at risk, as evidenced by blood biochemical and immunological changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eloisa Lovison Sasso
- Postgraduate Program in Environment and Sustainability (PPGAS), Environmental Toxicology Research Group, State University of Rio Grande do Sul, São Francisco de Paula, RS, Brazil
| | - Roberta Cattaneo
- Laboratory of Oxidative Stress and Medicinal Plants, Postgraduate Program in Integral Health Care (PPGAIS), University of Cruz Alta, Cruz Alta, RS, Brazil
| | - Tamiris Rosso Storck
- Environmental Toxicology Research Group, Postgraduate Program in Environmental Engineering (PPGEAmb), Technology Center, Federal University of Santa Maria (UFSM), Av. Roraima, n. 1000, Santa Maria, RS, 97105-900, Brazil
| | - Mariana Spanamberg Mayer
- Laboratory of Oxidative Stress and Medicinal Plants, Postgraduate Program in Integral Health Care (PPGAIS), University of Cruz Alta, Cruz Alta, RS, Brazil
| | - Voltaire Sant'Anna
- Postgraduate Program in Environment and Sustainability (PPGAS), Environmental Toxicology Research Group, State University of Rio Grande do Sul, São Francisco de Paula, RS, Brazil
| | - Barbara Clasen
- Postgraduate Program in Environment and Sustainability (PPGAS), Environmental Toxicology Research Group, State University of Rio Grande do Sul, São Francisco de Paula, RS, Brazil.
- Environmental Toxicology Research Group, Postgraduate Program in Environmental Engineering (PPGEAmb), Technology Center, Federal University of Santa Maria (UFSM), Av. Roraima, n. 1000, Santa Maria, RS, 97105-900, Brazil.
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Schjenken JE, Green ES, Overduin TS, Mah CY, Russell DL, Robertson SA. Endocrine Disruptor Compounds-A Cause of Impaired Immune Tolerance Driving Inflammatory Disorders of Pregnancy? Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2021; 12:607539. [PMID: 33912131 PMCID: PMC8072457 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2021.607539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2020] [Accepted: 01/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Endocrine disrupting compounds (EDCs) are prevalent and ubiquitous in our environment and have substantial potential to compromise human and animal health. Amongst the chronic health conditions associated with EDC exposure, dysregulation of reproductive function in both females and males is prominent. Human epidemiological studies demonstrate links between EDC exposure and infertility, as well as gestational disorders including miscarriage, fetal growth restriction, preeclampsia, and preterm birth. Animal experiments show EDCs administered during gestation, or to either parent prior to conception, can interfere with gamete quality, embryo implantation, and placental and fetal development, with consequences for offspring viability and health. It has been presumed that EDCs operate principally through disrupting hormone-regulated events in reproduction and fetal development, but EDC effects on maternal immune receptivity to pregnancy are also implicated. EDCs can modulate both the innate and adaptive arms of the immune system, to alter inflammatory responses, and interfere with generation of regulatory T (Treg) cells that are critical for pregnancy tolerance. Effects of EDCs on immune cells are complex and likely exerted by both steroid hormone-dependent and hormone-independent pathways. Thus, to better understand how EDCs impact reproduction and pregnancy, it is imperative to consider how immune-mediated mechanisms are affected by EDCs. This review will describe evidence that several EDCs modify elements of the immune response relevant to pregnancy, and will discuss the potential for EDCs to disrupt immune tolerance required for robust placentation and optimal fetal development.
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Affiliation(s)
- John E. Schjenken
- Adelaide Medical School and The Robinson Research Institute, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
- Priority Research Centre for Reproductive Science, Discipline of Biological Sciences, The Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights and the University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia
| | - Ella S. Green
- Adelaide Medical School and The Robinson Research Institute, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Tenuis S. Overduin
- Adelaide Medical School and The Robinson Research Institute, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Chui Yan Mah
- Adelaide Medical School and The Robinson Research Institute, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Darryl L. Russell
- Adelaide Medical School and The Robinson Research Institute, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Sarah A. Robertson
- Adelaide Medical School and The Robinson Research Institute, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
- *Correspondence: Sarah A. Robertson,
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Comparison of Low-Cost Particulate Matter Sensors for Indoor Air Monitoring during COVID-19 Lockdown. SENSORS 2020; 20:s20247290. [PMID: 33353048 PMCID: PMC7766947 DOI: 10.3390/s20247290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2020] [Revised: 12/01/2020] [Accepted: 12/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
This study shows the results of air monitoring in high- and low-occupancy rooms using two combinations of sensors, AeroTrak8220(TSI)/OPC-N3 (AlphaSense, Great Notley, UK) and OPC-N3/PMS5003 (Plantower, Beijing, China), respectively. The tests were conducted in a flat in Warsaw during the restrictions imposed due to the COVID-19 lockdown. The results showed that OPC-N3 underestimates the PN (particle number concentration) by about 2-3 times compared to the AeroTrak8220. Subsequently, the OPC-N3 was compared with another low-cost sensor, the PMS5003. Both devices showed similar efficiency in PN estimation, whereas PM (particulate matter) concentration estimation differed significantly. Moreover, the relationship among the PM1-PM2.5-PM10 readings obtained with the PMS5003 appeared improbably linear regarding the natural indoor conditions. The correlation of PM concentrations obtained with the PMS5003 suggests an oversimplified calculation method of PM. The studies also demonstrated that PM1, PM2.5, and PM10 concentrations in the high- to low-occupancy rooms were about 3, 2, and 1.5 times, respectively. On the other hand, the use of an air purifier considerably reduced the PM concentrations to similar levels in both rooms. All the sensors showed that frying and toast-making were the major sources of particulate matter, about 10 times higher compared to average levels. Considerably lower particle levels were measured in the low-occupancy room.
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23
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Kim HS, Kim HJ, Kim N, Song JJ, Son BS, Yang JH, Lee CM, Park MK, Seo YR. Toxicogenomic study to identify potential signaling alterations related to nasal inflammatory damages induced by diesel exhaust particles in primary human nasal epithelial cells. Toxicol In Vitro 2020; 69:104994. [PMID: 32891722 DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2020.104994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2020] [Revised: 08/24/2020] [Accepted: 09/01/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
In this study, we aimed to identify signaling alteration caused by exposure to diesel exhaust particles (DEPs) using primary human nasal epithelial cells (PHNECs). Global gene expression profiles in PHNECs following 50 and 200 μg/ml of DEP exposure were identified using microarray analysis. To cover the limitation of array-based mRNA expression analysis, text-mining-based software was used to analyze the integrative biological networks and relevant disease-focused functions among identified DEP-responsive genes. The confidence was valued based on the connectivity between the analyzed pathway and marker candidates. Through a literature-based pathway analysis, the stimulation of inflammation- and immune response-related processes mediated by TNF were predicted as major signaling alterations in PHNECs caused by DEP exposure. CSF3, CXCL8, MMP1, and VEGFA were identified as key hub genes in the predicted pathway. Significant expression level changes in the five key genes following DEP exposure were validated in terms of protein and mRNA expression. Although further studies are required, our toxicogenomic investigation provides key clues to the exact mechanism underlying DEP-induced nasal inflammatory damage. It also suggests an efficient approach for other research on adverse effects occurring in the upper respiratory tract following DEP exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun Soo Kim
- Department of Life Science, Dongguk University Biomedi Campus, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea; Institute of Environmental Medicine, Dongguk University Biomedi Campus, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyo Jeong Kim
- Department of Life Science, Dongguk University Biomedi Campus, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea; Institute of Environmental Medicine, Dongguk University Biomedi Campus, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Nahyun Kim
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Jun Song
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Bu-Soon Son
- Department of Environmental Health Science, Soonchunhyang University, Asan, South Korea
| | - Jun Hyuek Yang
- Department of Life Science, Dongguk University Biomedi Campus, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea; Institute of Environmental Medicine, Dongguk University Biomedi Campus, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Cheol Min Lee
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Seokyeong University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Moo Kyun Park
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| | - Young Rok Seo
- Department of Life Science, Dongguk University Biomedi Campus, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea; Institute of Environmental Medicine, Dongguk University Biomedi Campus, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea.
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24
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Urban-level environmental factors related to pediatric asthma. Porto Biomed J 2020; 5:e57. [PMID: 33299939 PMCID: PMC7722407 DOI: 10.1097/j.pbj.0000000000000057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2019] [Accepted: 01/06/2020] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
During the 20th century, urbanization has increasing and represented a major demographic and environmental change in developed countries. This ever-changing urban environment has an impact on disease patterns and prevalence, namely on noncommunicable diseases, such as asthma and allergy, and poses many challenges to understand the relationship between the changing urban environment and the children health. The complex interaction between human beings and urbanization is dependent not only on individual determinants such as sex, age, social or economic resources, and lifestyles and behaviors, but also on environment, including air pollution, indoors and outdoors, land use, biodiversity, and handiness of green areas. Therefore, the assessment and identification of the impact of urban environment on children's health have become a priority and many recent studies have been conducted with the goal of better understanding the impacts related to urbanization, characterizing indoor air exposure, identifying types of neighborhoods, or characteristics of neighborhoods that promote health benefits. Thus, this review focuses on the role of urban environmental factors on pediatric asthma.
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Shin NR, Lee AY, Song JH, Yang S, Park I, Lim JO, Jung TY, Ko JW, Kim JC, Lim KS, Lee MY, Shin IS, Kim JS. Scrophularia buergeriana attenuates allergic inflammation by reducing NF-κB activation. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2020; 67:153159. [PMID: 31901567 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2019.153159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2019] [Revised: 12/20/2019] [Accepted: 12/21/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Scrophularia buergeriana Miq. (Scrophulariaceae) (SB) has been used as an oriental medicine for the treatment of inflammatory diseases, such as neuritis and pharyngolaryngitis. PURPOSE We explored the therapeutic effects of S. buergeriana ethanol extract (SBE) on airway inflammation in ovalbumin (OVA)-induced asthmatic mice and lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated RAW264.7 cells. METHODS Mice were intraperitoneally injected with OVA on days 0 and 14 to elevate the immune response. On days 21 to 23, the mice were challenged with OVA solution and SBE (20 and 40 mg/kg) was administered daily by oral gavage from days 18 to 23. RAW264.7 cells were pretreated with SBE 1 h before LPS stimulation. RESULTS SBE administration effectively suppressed inflammatory cell infiltration, the expression of interleukin (IL)-5, IL-13, and IL-17, immunoglobulin E, and airway hyperresponsiveness in an OVA-induced allergic asthma model. A reduction in histological alterations, including airway inflammation and mucus hypersecretion, was observed. These effects of SBE were accompanied by a decrease in matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) expression and nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) phosphorylation. These responses were observed in LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 cells. SBE treatment reduced the mRNA expression of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, IL-6, and MMP-9, and NF-κB phosphorylation, in LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 cells. CONCLUSION Our results indicated that SBE effectively attenuated airway inflammation in an OVA-induced allergic asthma model. These properties of SBE were thought to be involved in the suppression of NF-κB phosphorylation, suggesting that the material has the potential to regulate the development of allergic asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na-Rae Shin
- College of Veterinary Medicine (BK21 Project Team), Chonnam National University, 77 Yongbong-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju 61186, South Korea
| | - A Yeong Lee
- Herbal Medicine Resources Research Center, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, 111 Geonjae-ro, Naju-si, Jeollanam-do 58245, South Korea
| | - Jun-Ho Song
- Herbal Medicine Resources Research Center, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, 111 Geonjae-ro, Naju-si, Jeollanam-do 58245, South Korea
| | - Sungyu Yang
- Herbal Medicine Resources Research Center, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, 111 Geonjae-ro, Naju-si, Jeollanam-do 58245, South Korea
| | - Inkyu Park
- Herbal Medicine Resources Research Center, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, 111 Geonjae-ro, Naju-si, Jeollanam-do 58245, South Korea
| | - Je-Oh Lim
- College of Veterinary Medicine (BK21 Project Team), Chonnam National University, 77 Yongbong-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju 61186, South Korea
| | - Tae-Yang Jung
- College of Veterinary Medicine (BK21 Project Team), Chonnam National University, 77 Yongbong-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju 61186, South Korea
| | - Je-Won Ko
- College of Veterinary Medicine (BK21 Project Team), Chonnam National University, 77 Yongbong-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju 61186, South Korea
| | - Jong-Choon Kim
- College of Veterinary Medicine (BK21 Project Team), Chonnam National University, 77 Yongbong-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju 61186, South Korea
| | - Kyung Seob Lim
- Futuristic Animal Resource and Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, 30 Yeongudanji-ro, Ochang-eup, Cheongwon-gu, Cheongju-si, Chungcheongbuk-do 28116, South Korea
| | - Min Young Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Kyungpook National University, 80 Daehakro, Bukgu, Daegu 41566, South Korea
| | - In-Sik Shin
- College of Veterinary Medicine (BK21 Project Team), Chonnam National University, 77 Yongbong-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju 61186, South Korea.
| | - Joong Sun Kim
- Herbal Medicine Resources Research Center, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, 111 Geonjae-ro, Naju-si, Jeollanam-do 58245, South Korea.
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26
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Yang G, Sun T, Han YY, Rosser F, Forno E, Chen W, Celedón JC. Serum Cadmium and Lead, Current Wheeze, and Lung Function in a Nationwide Study of Adults in the United States. THE JOURNAL OF ALLERGY AND CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY. IN PRACTICE 2019; 7:2653-2660.e3. [PMID: 31146018 PMCID: PMC6842689 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaip.2019.05.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2019] [Revised: 05/14/2019] [Accepted: 05/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cadmium and lead are hazardous pollutants. OBJECTIVE We examined the relation between serum levels of cadmium and lead and current wheeze, current asthma, and lung function in US adults. METHODS A cross-sectional study of 13,888 adults aged 20 to 79 years in 2007-2012 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) was considered. Multivariable logistic or linear regression was used for the analyses of current wheeze, current asthma, and lung function measures (forced expiratory volume in 1 second [FEV1]% predicted, forced vital capacity [FVC]% predicted, FEV1/FVC% predicted, and fractional exhaled nitric oxide [FeNO]), which were conducted first in all participants, and then separately in never/former smokers and current smokers. RESULTS High levels of serum cadmium were significantly associated with current wheeze in all participants and in current smokers (odds ratio for fourth vs first quartile = 2.84, 95% confidence interval = 2.07-3.90, Pfor linear trend < .01), as well as with current asthma in current smokers. Serum lead was not significantly associated with current wheeze or current asthma, regardless of smoking status. Serum cadmium was significantly associated with lower FEV1% predicted, FEV1/FVC% predicted, and FeNO in all participants and in never/former smokers, and serum lead was significantly associated with lower FEV1/FVC% predicted in all participants, with similar findings in never/former smokers and in current smokers. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that exposure to cadmium is associated with an increased risk of wheeze and asthma in US adults who currently smoke. Moreover, our results suggest that exposure to cadmium or lead has negative effects on lung function in nonsmoking US adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ge Yang
- Division of Pediatric Pulmonary Medicine, UPMC Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pa; Department of Neonatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China; Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Tao Sun
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pa
| | - Yueh-Ying Han
- Division of Pediatric Pulmonary Medicine, UPMC Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pa
| | - Franziska Rosser
- Division of Pediatric Pulmonary Medicine, UPMC Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pa
| | - Erick Forno
- Division of Pediatric Pulmonary Medicine, UPMC Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pa
| | - Wei Chen
- Division of Pediatric Pulmonary Medicine, UPMC Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pa
| | - Juan C Celedón
- Division of Pediatric Pulmonary Medicine, UPMC Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pa.
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Paciência I, Cavaleiro Rufo J, Silva D, Martins C, Mendes F, Farraia M, Delgado L, de Oliveira Fernandes E, Padrão P, Moreira P, Severo M, Barros H, Moreira A. Exposure to indoor endocrine-disrupting chemicals and childhood asthma and obesity. Allergy 2019; 74:1277-1291. [PMID: 30740706 DOI: 10.1111/all.13740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2018] [Accepted: 12/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Indoor air contaminants may act as endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs). However, to what extent these contaminants affect health is poorly known. We aimed to assess the association between EDCs exposure and asthma, respiratory symptoms and obesity in schoolchildren. METHODS Data from a cross-sectional analysis of 815 participants from 20 schools in Porto, Portugal, were analysed. Symptoms were assessed, asthma was defined on lung function, and airway reversibility and body mass index (BMI) were calculated. The concentrations of 13 volatile organic compounds and 2 aldehydes identified as EDCs were measured in 71 classrooms throughout 1 week. Principal component analysis (PCA) was used to assess the effect of co-exposure. Associations were estimated by regression coefficients using linear and logistic regression models. RESULTS Increased individual and combined EDCs levels were found in classrooms having more children with asthma and obesity. Higher levels of hexane, styrene, cyclohexanone, butylated hydroxytoluene and 2-butoxyethanol were associated with obesity, and higher levels of cyclohexanone were associated with increased child BMI. Toluene, o-xylene, m/p-xylene and ethylbenzene were significantly associated with nasal obstruction. A positive association was found between PC1 and the risk of obese asthma (OR = 1.43, 95% CI 1.01, 1.98) and between PC2 and overweight (OR = 1.51, 95% CI 1.28, 1.79). PC1 and PC2 were also associated with nasal obstruction, and PC2 was associated with breathing difficulties and lean body mass, although EDCs concentrations were low. CONCLUSIONS Our findings further support the role of EDCs in asthma and obesity development. Moreover, even low levels of indoor exposure may influence the risk of asthma, respiratory symptoms and obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inês Paciência
- Serviço de Imunologia Básica e Clínica; Departamento de Patologia; Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade do Porto; Porto, Portugal & Centro Hospitalar São João; Porto Portugal
- Institute of Science and Innovation in Mechanical Engineering and Industrial Management (INEGI); Porto Portugal
- EPIUnit; Instituto de Saúde Pública; Universidade do Porto; Porto Portugal
| | - João Cavaleiro Rufo
- Serviço de Imunologia Básica e Clínica; Departamento de Patologia; Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade do Porto; Porto, Portugal & Centro Hospitalar São João; Porto Portugal
- Institute of Science and Innovation in Mechanical Engineering and Industrial Management (INEGI); Porto Portugal
- EPIUnit; Instituto de Saúde Pública; Universidade do Porto; Porto Portugal
| | - Diana Silva
- Serviço de Imunologia Básica e Clínica; Departamento de Patologia; Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade do Porto; Porto, Portugal & Centro Hospitalar São João; Porto Portugal
| | - Carla Martins
- Serviço de Imunologia Básica e Clínica; Departamento de Patologia; Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade do Porto; Porto, Portugal & Centro Hospitalar São João; Porto Portugal
| | - Francisca Mendes
- Serviço de Imunologia Básica e Clínica; Departamento de Patologia; Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade do Porto; Porto, Portugal & Centro Hospitalar São João; Porto Portugal
| | - Mariana Farraia
- Serviço de Imunologia Básica e Clínica; Departamento de Patologia; Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade do Porto; Porto, Portugal & Centro Hospitalar São João; Porto Portugal
| | - Luís Delgado
- Serviço de Imunologia Básica e Clínica; Departamento de Patologia; Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade do Porto; Porto, Portugal & Centro Hospitalar São João; Porto Portugal
| | | | - Patrícia Padrão
- EPIUnit; Instituto de Saúde Pública; Universidade do Porto; Porto Portugal
- Faculdade de Ciências da Nutrição e; Alimentação da Universidade do Porto; Porto Portugal
| | - Pedro Moreira
- EPIUnit; Instituto de Saúde Pública; Universidade do Porto; Porto Portugal
- Faculdade de Ciências da Nutrição e; Alimentação da Universidade do Porto; Porto Portugal
| | - Milton Severo
- EPIUnit; Instituto de Saúde Pública; Universidade do Porto; Porto Portugal
- Departamento de Epidemiologia Clínica; Medicina Preditiva e Saúde Pública da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade do Porto; Porto Portugal
| | - Henrique Barros
- EPIUnit; Instituto de Saúde Pública; Universidade do Porto; Porto Portugal
- Departamento de Epidemiologia Clínica; Medicina Preditiva e Saúde Pública da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade do Porto; Porto Portugal
| | - André Moreira
- Serviço de Imunologia Básica e Clínica; Departamento de Patologia; Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade do Porto; Porto, Portugal & Centro Hospitalar São João; Porto Portugal
- EPIUnit; Instituto de Saúde Pública; Universidade do Porto; Porto Portugal
- Faculdade de Ciências da Nutrição e; Alimentação da Universidade do Porto; Porto Portugal
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Berger K, Eskenazi B, Balmes J, Kogut K, Holland N, Calafat AM, Harley KG. Prenatal high molecular weight phthalates and bisphenol A, and childhood respiratory and allergic outcomes. Pediatr Allergy Immunol 2019; 30:36-46. [PMID: 30338578 PMCID: PMC6436539 DOI: 10.1111/pai.12992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2018] [Revised: 09/12/2018] [Accepted: 10/02/2018] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The prevalence of asthma and allergy is increasing in US children. In utero exposure to chemicals used in personal care products and plastics may contribute to increase in these diseases. METHODS We quantified urinary concentrations of eight phthalate metabolites and bisphenol A in mothers twice during pregnancy in 1999-2000 in Salinas, California. We assessed probable asthma, aeroallergies, eczema, and spirometry in their children at age 7, and measured T helper 1 and T helper 2 cells in blood at ages 2, 5, and 7 (N = 392). We employed Bayesian model averaging to select confounders from additional biomarkers measured in this population and controlled for them in logistic and linear regressions. RESULTS Monocarboxyisooctyl phthalate was associated with increased odds for probable asthma (odds ratio: 1.54, 95% CI: 1.12, 2.12), and with lower forced expiratory volume in one second (β: -0.09 L, 95% CI: -0.15, -0.03) and forced expiratory flow from 25% to 75% of forced vital capacity (β: -7.06 L/s, 95% CI: -11.04, -2.90). Several other associations were attenuated in final models that controlled for additional biomarkers. CONCLUSION Monocarboxyisooctyl phthalate was associated with lower respiratory health after controlling for related chemical exposure, which suggests that confounding by multiple chemical exposures should be considered in future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kimberly Berger
- Center for Environmental Research and Children's Health (CERCH), School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California
| | - Brenda Eskenazi
- Center for Environmental Research and Children's Health (CERCH), School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California
| | - John Balmes
- Center for Environmental Research and Children's Health (CERCH), School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California
| | - Katie Kogut
- Center for Environmental Research and Children's Health (CERCH), School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California
| | - Nina Holland
- Center for Environmental Research and Children's Health (CERCH), School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California
| | - Antonia M Calafat
- Division of Laboratory Sciences, National Center for Environmental Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Kim G Harley
- Center for Environmental Research and Children's Health (CERCH), School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California
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Yanuck SF. Microglial Phagocytosis of Neurons: Diminishing Neuronal Loss in Traumatic, Infectious, Inflammatory, and Autoimmune CNS Disorders. Front Psychiatry 2019; 10:712. [PMID: 31632307 PMCID: PMC6786049 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2019.00712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2019] [Accepted: 09/05/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Errors in neuron-microglial interaction are known to lead to microglial phagocytosis of live neurons and excessive neuronal loss, potentially yielding poorer clinical outcomes. Factors that affect neuron-microglial interaction have the potential to influence the error rate. Clinical comorbidities that unfavorably impact neuron-microglial interaction may promote a higher rate of neuronal loss, to the detriment of patient outcome. This paper proposes that many common, clinically modifiable comorbidities have a common thread, in that they all influence neuron-microglial interactions. Comorbidities like traumatic brain injury, infection, stress, neuroinflammation, loss of neuronal metabolic integrity, poor growth factor status, and other factors, all have the potential to alter communication between neurons and microglia. When this occurs, microglial phagocytosis of live neurons can increase. In addition, microglia can shift into a morphological form in which they express major histocompatibility complex II (MHC-II), allowing them to function as antigen presenting cells that present neuronal debris as antigen to invading T cells. This can increase risk for the development of CNS autoimmunity, or can exacerbate existing CNS autoimmunity. The detrimental influence of these comorbidities has the potential to contribute to the mosaic of factors that determine patient outcome in some CNS pathologies that have neuropsychiatric involvement, including TBI and CNS disorders with autoimmune components, where excessive neuronal loss can yield poorer clinical outcomes. Recognition of the impact of these comorbidities may contribute to an understanding of the common clinical observation that many seemingly disparate factors contribute to the overall picture of case management and clinical outcome in these complex disorders. In a clinical setting, knowing how these comorbidities can influence neuron-microglial interaction can help focus surveillance and care on a broader group of potential therapeutic targets. Accordingly, an interest in the mechanisms underlying the influence of these factors on neuron-microglial interactions is appropriate. Neuron-microglial interaction is reviewed, and the various mechanisms by which these potential comorbidities influence neuro-microglial interaction are described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel F Yanuck
- Program on Integrative Medicine, Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
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Lee YJ. Potential health effects of emerging environmental contaminants perfluoroalkyl compounds. Yeungnam Univ J Med 2018; 35:156-164. [PMID: 31620588 PMCID: PMC6784697 DOI: 10.12701/yujm.2018.35.2.156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2018] [Revised: 12/10/2018] [Accepted: 12/11/2018] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Environmental contaminants are one of the important causal factors for development of various human diseases. In particular, the perinatal period is highly vulnerable to environmental toxicants and resultant dysregulation of fetal development can cause detrimental health outcomes potentially affecting life-long health. Perfluoroalkyl compounds (PFCs), emerging environmental pollutants, are man-made organic molecules, which are widely used in diverse industries and consumer products. PFCs are non-degradable and bioaccumulate in the environment. Importantly, PFCs can be found in cord blood and breast milk as well as in the general population. Due to their physicochemical properties and potential toxicity, many studies have evaluated the health effects of PFCs. This review summarizes the epidemiological and experimental studies addressing the association of PFCs with neurotoxicity and immunotoxicity. While the relationships between PFC levels and changes in neural and immune health are not yet conclusive, accumulative studies provide evidence for positive associations between PFC levels and the incidence of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and reduced immune response to vaccination both in children and adults. In conclusion, PFCs have the potential to affect human health linked with neurological disorders and immunosuppressive responses. However, our understanding of the molecular mechanism of the effects of PFCs on human health is still in its infancy. Therefore, along with efforts to develop methods to reduce exposure to PFCs, studies on the mode of action of these chemicals are required in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youn Ju Lee
- Department of Pharmacology, Catholic University of Daegu School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea
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Precision Medicine: The Role of the MSIDS Model in Defining, Diagnosing, and Treating Chronic Lyme Disease/Post Treatment Lyme Disease Syndrome and Other Chronic Illness: Part 2. Healthcare (Basel) 2018; 6:healthcare6040129. [PMID: 30400667 PMCID: PMC6316761 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare6040129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2018] [Revised: 10/31/2018] [Accepted: 10/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
We present a precision medical perspective to assist in the definition, diagnosis, and management of Post Treatment Lyme Disease Syndrome (PTLDS)/chronic Lyme disease. PTLDS represents a small subset of patients treated for an erythema migrans (EM) rash with persistent or recurrent symptoms and functional decline. The larger population with chronic Lyme disease is less understood and well defined. Multiple Systemic Infectious Disease Syndrome (MSIDS) is a multifactorial model for treating chronic disease(s), which identifies up to 16 overlapping sources of inflammation and their downstream effects. A patient symptom survey and a retrospective chart review of 200 patients was therefore performed on those patients with chronic Lyme disease/PTLDS to identify those variables on the MSIDS model with the greatest potential effect on regaining health. Results indicate that dapsone combination therapy decreased the severity of eight major Lyme symptoms, and multiple sources of inflammation (other infections, immune dysfunction, autoimmunity, food allergies/sensitivities, leaky gut, mineral deficiencies, environmental toxins with detoxification problems, and sleep disorders) along with downstream effects of inflammation may all affect chronic symptomatology. In part two of our observational study and review paper, we postulate that the use of this model can represent an important and needed paradigm shift in the diagnosis and treatment of chronic disease.
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Dieng H, Ellias SB, Satho T, Abang F, Morales Vargas RE, Morales NP. Response to the letter sent by Dr. Viroj Wiwanitkit entitled "Coffee waste, vector control and dengue". ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 25:32823-32825. [PMID: 30311114 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-018-3363-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2018] [Accepted: 09/27/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Hamady Dieng
- Institute of Biodiversity and Environmental Conservation (IBEC), Universiti Malaysia Sarawak, Kota Samarahan, Malaysia.
| | | | - Tomomitsu Satho
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Fatimah Abang
- Faculty of Resource Science and Technology, Universiti Malaysia Sarawak, Kota Samarahan, Malaysia
| | - Ronald E Morales Vargas
- Department of Medical Entomology, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
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Yue H, Yan W, Ji X, Zhang Y, Li G, Sang N. Maternal exposure to NO 2 enhances airway sensitivity to allergens in BALB/c mice through the JAK-STAT6 pathway. CHEMOSPHERE 2018; 200:455-463. [PMID: 29501036 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2018.02.116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2017] [Revised: 02/04/2018] [Accepted: 02/19/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Previous studies have indicated that nitrogen dioxide (NO2) exposure could increase airway sensitivity to allergens for children. Recently, fetal stress was proposed as a crucial factor for allergic airway response occurring in offspring. Considering that there is inadequate evidence linking maternal NO2 exposure to offspring airway sensitivity to allergens, pregnant Balb/c mice were exposed daily to 2.5 ppm NO2 throughout the gestation period; then, the offspring were challenged to an allergen (ovalbumin, OVA) to evaluate airway sensitivity. For air + saline group and air + OVA group, offspring mice were maternally exposed to clean air followed by treatment with saline and OVA, respectively, in adulthood. For NO2 + saline group and NO2 + OVA group, offspring mice were maternally exposed to NO2 followed by treatment with saline and OVA, respectively, in adulthood. The results showed that maternal NO2 exposure increased the level of OVA-immunoglobulin (Ig) E in serum and caused airway hyper-responsiveness and pathological changes in offspring. Furthermore, maternal NO2 exposure altered the expression of pro-inflammatory factors and impaired the T helper (Th) 1/Th2 balance. In addition, janus kinase)-signal transducer and activator of transcription 6 pathway participated in OVA-induced airway sensitivity of offspring. Our study showed that the potential risk of airway sensitivity to allergens in offspring is enhanced by maternal NO2 exposure and proposed a possible mechanism for preventing, alleviating, and evaluating the outcomes in polluted environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huifeng Yue
- College of Environment and Resource, Research Center of Environment and Health, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030006, PR China
| | - Wei Yan
- College of Environment and Resource, Research Center of Environment and Health, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030006, PR China
| | - Xiaotong Ji
- College of Environment and Resource, Research Center of Environment and Health, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030006, PR China
| | - Yingying Zhang
- College of Environment and Resource, Research Center of Environment and Health, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030006, PR China
| | - Guangke Li
- College of Environment and Resource, Research Center of Environment and Health, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030006, PR China
| | - Nan Sang
- College of Environment and Resource, Research Center of Environment and Health, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030006, PR China.
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Neethirajan S, Weng X, Tah A, Cordero J, Ragavan K. Nano-biosensor platforms for detecting food allergens – New trends. SENSING AND BIO-SENSING RESEARCH 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.sbsr.2018.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
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Patel S. A critical review on serine protease: Key immune manipulator and pathology mediator. Allergol Immunopathol (Madr) 2017; 45:579-591. [PMID: 28236540 PMCID: PMC7126602 DOI: 10.1016/j.aller.2016.10.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2016] [Accepted: 10/31/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Proteolytic activity is fundamental to survival, so it is not surprising that all living organisms have proteases, especially seine protease. This enzyme in its numerous isoforms and homologues, constitutes the quintessential offence and defence factors, in the form of surface proteins, secreted molecules, gut digestive enzymes, venom in specialised glands or plant latex, among other manifestations. Occurring as trypsin, chymotrypsin, elastase, collagenase, thrombin, subtilisin etc., it mediates a diverse array of functions, including pathological roles as inflammatory, coagulatory to haemorrhagic. This review emphasizes that despite the superficial differences in mechanisms, most health issues, be they infectious, allergic, metabolic, or neural have a common conduit. This enzyme, in its various glycosylated forms leads to signal misinterpretations, wreaking havoc. However, organisms are endowed with serine protease inhibitors which might restrain this ubiquitous yet deleterious enzyme. Hence, serine proteases-driven pathogenesis and antagonising role of inhibitors is the focal point of this critical review.
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Kim YS, Kim HY, Ahn HS, Sohn TS, Song JY, Lee YB, Lee DH, Lee JI, Jeong SC, Chae HS, Han K, Yeo CD. The Association between Tobacco Smoke and Serum Immunoglobulin E Levels in Korean Adults. Intern Med 2017; 56:2571-2577. [PMID: 28883244 PMCID: PMC5658521 DOI: 10.2169/internalmedicine.8737-16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Smoking is common in patients with allergic diseases. The aim of this study was to evaluate the cross-sectional association between the current smoking status and total and specific Immunoglobulin E (IgE) levels in Korean adults. Methods Data were obtained from the 2010 Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, a national cross-sectional study. We analyzed the data of subjects whose smoking status and serum IgE levels were of acceptable quality. Results A total of 1,963 subjects (1,118 never smokers, 340 ex-smokers, and 505 current smokers) were included. The total IgE levels and specific IgE levels to house dust mite Dermatophagoides farinae (Df), cockroach, and dog allergens in never smokers were significantly (p<0.0001) lower than in ex-smokers or current smokers. After adjusting for other variables, current smokers independently had significantly higher levels of total IgE and cockroach-specific IgE than ex-smokers or never smokers. The proportions of subjects with total IgE ≥150 kU/L and specific IgE ≥0.35 kU/L to Df-specific IgE were significantly (p value for trend <0.05) increased in ex-smokers and current smokers. The total IgE levels and IgE levels specific to Df, cockroaches, and dogs significantly (p value for trend <0.05) and proportionally increased with increasing numbers of cigarettes smoked daily. Conclusion Smoking was associated with elevated total IgE levels and IgE levels specific to Df, cockroach, and dog allergens in a cumulative, dose-dependent manner. Furthermore, current smoking status was an independent risk factor for elevated total IgE levels and IgE levels specific to cockroach allergen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young Soo Kim
- Epidemiology Study Cluster of Uijeongbu St. Mary's Hospital, Uijeongbu St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Korea
| | - Hee Yeon Kim
- Epidemiology Study Cluster of Uijeongbu St. Mary's Hospital, Uijeongbu St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Korea
| | - Hyo-Suk Ahn
- Epidemiology Study Cluster of Uijeongbu St. Mary's Hospital, Uijeongbu St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Korea
| | - Tae Seo Sohn
- Epidemiology Study Cluster of Uijeongbu St. Mary's Hospital, Uijeongbu St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Korea
| | - Jae Yen Song
- Epidemiology Study Cluster of Uijeongbu St. Mary's Hospital, Uijeongbu St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Korea
| | - Young Bok Lee
- Epidemiology Study Cluster of Uijeongbu St. Mary's Hospital, Uijeongbu St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Korea
| | - Dong-Hee Lee
- Epidemiology Study Cluster of Uijeongbu St. Mary's Hospital, Uijeongbu St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Korea
| | - Jae-Im Lee
- Epidemiology Study Cluster of Uijeongbu St. Mary's Hospital, Uijeongbu St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Korea
| | - Seong Cheol Jeong
- Epidemiology Study Cluster of Uijeongbu St. Mary's Hospital, Uijeongbu St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Korea
| | - Hiun Suk Chae
- Epidemiology Study Cluster of Uijeongbu St. Mary's Hospital, Uijeongbu St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Korea
| | - Kyungdo Han
- Epidemiology Study Cluster of Uijeongbu St. Mary's Hospital, Uijeongbu St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Korea
| | - Chang Dong Yeo
- Epidemiology Study Cluster of Uijeongbu St. Mary's Hospital, Uijeongbu St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Korea
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Wang IJ, Karmaus WJJ, Yang CC. Lead exposure, IgE, and the risk of asthma in children. JOURNAL OF EXPOSURE SCIENCE & ENVIRONMENTAL EPIDEMIOLOGY 2017; 27:478-483. [PMID: 28401896 DOI: 10.1038/jes.2017.5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2016] [Accepted: 02/20/2017] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Lead (Pb) has adverse effects on our nervous system and renal systems. Young children are more vulnerable to Pb exposure. However, the role of low-level Pb exposure in the immune system and allergic diseases in children is not well established. The aims of this study are to investigate the associations between Pb exposure and allergic diseases; between Pb and immunoglobulin E (IgE) as an intervening variable; and gender-based differences. We used multistage stratified random sampling to recruit kindergarten children nationwide in Taiwan. Information about allergic diseases and environmental exposures was collected by questionnaire. We compared children with and without allergic diseases for blood Pb levels measured by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. The association between blood Pb and allergic diseases was assessed by logistic regression and those between Pb and IgE by generalized linear models. We also conducted mediation analysis to evaluate how much risk of allergic diseases related to Pb exposure is explained by IgE. A total of 930 children completed specimen collections. There was a positive association between Pb and asthma. Blood Pb were also positively linked with serum IgE (β=0.26 kU/l per ln-unit increase Pb concentration; 95% CI 0.009-0.50 kU/l), after adjusting for potential confounders. Analyses stratified by gender revealed that blood Pb correlated with IgE only in boys (β=0.40 kU/l; 95% CI 0.03-0.76 kU/l). We estimated that 38% of the total effect of Pb exposure on asthma is mediated by IgE levels. In conclusion, Pb exposure is associated with both blood IgE and asthma in boys. Moreover, the effect of Pb exposure on asthma may be mediated by IgE levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- I-Jen Wang
- Department of Pediatrics, Taipei Hospital, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Taipei, Taiwan
- Institute of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Health Risk Management, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Wilfried J J Karmaus
- Division of Epidemiology, Biostatistics, and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, University of Memphis, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
| | - Chen-Chang Yang
- Institute of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Division of Clinical Toxicology &Occupational Medicine, Department of Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Recent evidence highlights the reality of unprecedented human exposure to toxic chemical agents found throughout our environment - in our food and water supply, in the air we breathe, in the products we apply to our skin, in the medical and dental materials placed into our bodies, and even within the confines of the womb. With biomonitoring confirming the widespread bioaccumulation of myriad toxicants among population groups, expanding research continues to explore the pathobiological impact of these agents on human metabolism. METHODS This review was prepared by assessing available medical and scientific literature from Medline as well as by reviewing several books, toxicology journals, government publications, and conference proceedings. The format of a traditional integrated review was chosen. RESULTS Toxicant exposure and accrual has been linked to numerous biochemical and pathophysiological mechanisms of harm. Some toxicants effect metabolic disruption via multiple mechanisms. CONCLUSIONS As a primary causative determinant of chronic disease, toxicant exposures induce metabolic disruption in myriad ways, which consequently result in varied clinical manifestations, which are then categorized by health providers into innumerable diagnoses. Chemical disruption of human metabolism has become an etiological determinant of much illness throughout the lifecycle, from neurodevelopmental abnormalities in-utero to dementia in the elderly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen J Genuis
- a Faculty of Medicine, University of Alberta , Edmonton , Alberta , Canada
| | - Edmond Kyrillos
- b Department of Family Medicine , Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa , Ottawa , Ontario , Canada
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Murray LA, Grainge C, Wark PA, Knight DA. Use of biologics to treat acute exacerbations and manage disease in asthma, COPD and IPF. Pharmacol Ther 2016; 169:1-12. [PMID: 27889330 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2016.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
A common feature of chronic respiratory disease is the progressive decline in lung function. The decline can be indolent, or it can be accelerated by acute exacerbations, whereby the patient experiences a pronounced worsening of disease symptoms. Moreover, acute exacerbations may also be a marker of insufficient disease management. The underlying cause of an acute exacerbation can be due to insults such as pathogens or environmental pollutants, or the cause can be unknown. For each acute exacerbation, the patient may require medical intervention such as rescue medication, or in more severe cases, hospitalization and ventilation and have an increased risk of death. Biologics, such as monoclonal antibodies, are being developed for chronic respiratory diseases including asthma, COPD and IPF. This therapeutic approach is particularly well suited for chronic use based on the route and frequency of delivery and importantly, the potential for disease modification. In recent clinical trials, the frequency of acute exacerbation has often been included as an endpoint, to help determine whether the investigational agent is impacting disease. Therefore the significance of acute exacerbations in driving disease, and their potential as a marker of disease activity and progression, has recently received much attention. There is also now a need to standardize the definition of an acute exacerbation in specific disease settings, particularly as this endpoint is increasingly used in clinical trials to also assess therapeutic efficacy. Moreover, specifically targeting exacerbations may offer a new therapeutic approach for several chronic respiratory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Chris Grainge
- Priority Research Centre for Healthy Lungs, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, Australia
| | - Peter A Wark
- Priority Research Centre for Healthy Lungs, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, Australia
| | - Darryl A Knight
- Priority Research Centre for Healthy Lungs, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, Australia; School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Medicine, The University of Newcastle, University Drive, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia
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Abstract
Endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) are exogenous compounds that have the ability to disrupt the production and actions of hormones through direct or indirect interaction with hormone receptors, thus acting as agonists or antagonists. Human health is affected after either individual occupation or dietary and environmental exposure to EDCs. On the other hand, skin is one of the largest organs of the body and its main function is protection from noxious substances. EDCs perturb the endocrine system, and they are also carcinogenic, immunotoxic, and hepatotoxic to human skin. In addition, their effects on keratinocytes, melanocytes, sebocytes, inflammatory and immunological cells, and skin stem cells produce inflammatory and allergic skin diseases, chloracne, disorders of skin pigmentation, skin cancer, and skin aging. Mechanisms, which EDCs use to induce these skin disorders are complicated, and involve the interference of endogenous hormones and most importantly the activation of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor signal pathway. Further studies on EDCs and skin diseases are necessary to elucidate these mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Ju
- Department of Dermatology, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Christos C Zouboulis
- Departments of Dermatology, Venereology, Allergology and Immunology, Dessau Medical Center, Auenweg 38, 06847, Dessau, Germany.
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Zacharasiewicz A. Maternal smoking in pregnancy and its influence on childhood asthma. ERJ Open Res 2016; 2:00042-2016. [PMID: 27730206 PMCID: PMC5034599 DOI: 10.1183/23120541.00042-2016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2016] [Accepted: 06/05/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Maternal smoking in pregnancy (MSP) is a large modifiable risk factor for pregnancy related mortality and morbidity and also the most important known modifiable risk factor for asthma. This review summarises the effects of MSP throughout infancy, childhood and adolescence with regards to asthma (development and severity). Firstly, the direct damage caused by nicotine on fetal lung development, fetal growth and neuronal differentiation is discussed, as well as the indirect effects of nicotine on placental functioning. Secondly, the effects of MSP on later immune functioning resulting in increased infection rate are summarised and details are given on the effects of MSP modulating airway hyperreactivity, reducing lung function and therefore increasing asthma morbidity. Furthermore, epigenetic effects are increasingly being recognised. These can also result in transgenerational detrimental effects induced by cigarette smoke. In summary, the causal relationship between MSP and asthma development is well documented and presents a major health problem for generations to come. The high prevalence of MSP is alarming and epigenetic effects of nicotine on immune functioning potentiate this danger. A considerable part of the increase in asthma prevalence worldwide is due to MSP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela Zacharasiewicz
- Dept of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Teaching Hospital Wilhelminenspital of the Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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Park S, Lee EH, Kho Y. The association of asthma, total IgE, and blood lead and cadmium levels. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2016; 138:1701-1703.e6. [PMID: 27394912 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2016.04.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2015] [Revised: 04/01/2016] [Accepted: 04/06/2016] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sangshin Park
- Center for International Health Research, Rhode Island Hospital, the Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI; Department of Pediatrics, the Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI
| | - Eun-Hee Lee
- Department of Visual Optics and Health Science, Graduate School of Health Science, Far East University, Eumsung, Chungbuk, Korea
| | - Younglim Kho
- Department of Health, Environment & Safety, Eulji University, Sungnam, Kyeonggi, Korea.
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Preconception Care: A New Standard of Care within Maternal Health Services. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2016; 2016:6150976. [PMID: 27314031 PMCID: PMC4903143 DOI: 10.1155/2016/6150976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2015] [Accepted: 04/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Emerging research suggests that much pediatric affliction has origins in the vulnerable phase of fetal development. Prenatal factors including deficiency of various nutrients and exposure to assorted toxicants are major etiological determinants of myriad obstetrical complications, pediatric chronic diseases, and perhaps some genetic mutations. With recent recognition that modifiable environmental determinants, rather than genetic predestination, are the etiological source of most chronic illness, modification of environmental factors prior to conception offers the possibility of precluding various mental and physical health conditions. Environmental and lifestyle modification through informed patient choice is possible but evidence confirms that, with little to no training in clinical nutrition, toxicology, or environmental exposures, most clinicians are ill-equipped to counsel patients about this important area. With the totality of available scientific evidence that now exists on the potential to modify disease-causing gestational determinants, failure to take necessary precautionary action may render members of the medical community collectively and individually culpable for preventable illness in children. We advocate for environmental health education of maternity health professionals and the widespread adoption and implementation of preconception care. This will necessitate the translation of emerging knowledge from recent research literature, to health professionals, to reproductive-aged women, and to society at large.
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Clifford RL, Jones MJ, MacIsaac JL, McEwen LM, Goodman SJ, Mostafavi S, Kobor MS, Carlsten C. Inhalation of diesel exhaust and allergen alters human bronchial epithelium DNA methylation. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2016; 139:112-121. [PMID: 27321436 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2016.03.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2015] [Revised: 02/15/2016] [Accepted: 03/22/2016] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Allergic disease affects 30% to 40% of the world's population, and its development is determined by the interplay between environmental and inherited factors. Air pollution, primarily consisting of diesel exhaust emissions, has increased at a similar rate to allergic disease. Exposure to diesel exhaust may play a role in the development and progression of allergic disease, in particular allergic respiratory disease. One potential mechanism underlying the connection between air pollution and increased allergic disease incidence is DNA methylation, an epigenetic process with the capacity to integrate gene-environment interactions. OBJECTIVE We sought to investigate the effect of allergen and diesel exhaust exposure on bronchial epithelial DNA methylation. METHODS We performed a randomized crossover-controlled exposure study to allergen and diesel exhaust in humans, and measured single-site (CpG) resolution global DNA methylation in bronchial epithelial cells. RESULTS Exposure to allergen alone, diesel exhaust alone, or allergen and diesel exhaust together (coexposure) led to significant changes in 7 CpG sites at 48 hours. However, when the same lung was exposed to allergen and diesel exhaust but separated by approximately 4 weeks, significant changes in more than 500 sites were observed. Furthermore, sites of differential methylation differed depending on which exposure was experienced first. Functional analysis of differentially methylated CpG sites found genes involved in transcription factor activity, protein metabolism, cell adhesion, and vascular development, among others. CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest that specific exposures can prime the lung for changes in DNA methylation induced by a subsequent insult.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel L Clifford
- Centre for Molecular Medicine and Therapeutics, Child and Family Research Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Meaghan J Jones
- Centre for Molecular Medicine and Therapeutics, Child and Family Research Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Julia L MacIsaac
- Centre for Molecular Medicine and Therapeutics, Child and Family Research Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Lisa M McEwen
- Centre for Molecular Medicine and Therapeutics, Child and Family Research Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Sarah J Goodman
- Centre for Molecular Medicine and Therapeutics, Child and Family Research Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Sara Mostafavi
- Centre for Molecular Medicine and Therapeutics, Child and Family Research Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada; Department of Statistics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada; Canadian Institute for Advanced Research, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Michael S Kobor
- Centre for Molecular Medicine and Therapeutics, Child and Family Research Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada; Canadian Institute for Advanced Research, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Human Early Learning Partnership, School of Population and Public Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Chris Carlsten
- Air Pollution Exposure Laboratory, Chan-Yeung Centre for Occupational and Environmental Lung Disease, Division of Respiratory Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.
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A Longitudinal Study of Association between Heavy Metals and Itchy Eyes, Coughing in Chronic Cough Patients: Related with Non-Immunoglobulin E Mediated Mechanism. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2016; 13:ijerph13010110. [PMID: 26751467 PMCID: PMC4730501 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph13010110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2015] [Revised: 12/22/2015] [Accepted: 12/29/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The association between heavy metals exposure and respiratory diseases or allergic sensitization showing high serum immunoglobulin E (IgE) has been suggested. However, previous findings have been inconsistent and the mechanisms responsible remain unclear. We evaluated heavy metal exposure and its association with coughing, itchy eyes in chronic cough patients with different IgE levels. Ninety outpatients in Kanazawa University Hospital were recruited between January-June 2011. Subjects whose total IgE measured by radioimmunosorbent test were asked to record their daily symptoms. We collected daily total suspended particles (TSP) from which concentrations of calcium (Ca), cadmium (Cd), chromium (Cr), iron (Fe), manganese (Mn), nickel (Ni), and lead (Pb) were determined then divided into high and low level groups. Generalized estimating equations were applied to compute the relationship between concentrations of these metals and symptoms. All metals at high levels were significantly associated with itchy eyes compared with low levels, with exception of Ca, the six others were significant in patients with IgE < 250 IU/mL. Cd, Fe, Mn had association with coughing (odds ratio-OR (95% confidence interval-CI): 1.13 (1.03, 1.24), 1.22 (1.05, 1.42), and 1.13 (1.01, 1.27), respectively), this relationship remained significant for Cd (OR (95% CI): 1.14 (1.03, 1.27)) and Mn (OR (95% CI): 1.15 (1.00, 1.31)) in patients with lower IgE. Our findings demonstrate the relationship between aerial heavy metals and itchy eyes, coughing in chronic cough patients, suggesting these symptoms may be due to a non-IgE mediated mechanism.
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Pleil JD, Angrish MM, Madden MC. Immunochemistry for high-throughput screening of human exhaled breath condensate (EBC) media: implementation of automated quanterix SIMOA instrumentation. J Breath Res 2015; 9:047108. [DOI: 10.1088/1752-7155/9/4/047108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Lindgren A, Stroh E, Jakobsson K. Ever dispense of prescribed allergy medication in children growing up close to traffic: a registry-based birth cohort. BMC Public Health 2015; 15:1023. [PMID: 26444543 PMCID: PMC4595113 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-015-2356-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2015] [Accepted: 09/28/2015] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Epidemiologic studies have shown conflicting results regarding the role of traffic pollution in the development of allergic disease. This study investigated the relationship between living close to traffic and ever dispense of prescribed oral antihistamines or nasal anti-allergic medication, among young children. The underlying aim was to investigate if children growing up close to traffic pollution are at higher risk of developing allergy in early childhood. Methods We investigated a birth cohort in southern Sweden, consisting of N = 26 128 children (0–6 years) with health outcome and exposure data. Of these children, N = 7898, had additional covariate information. Traffic intensity and yearly averages of dispersion-modeled concentrations of NOX (100 × 100 m grid) at residential addresses, were linked with registry data on dispensed allergy medication (the Swedish Prescribed Drug Register). Individual level covariate information was obtained from questionnaires distributed to parents at Child Health Care-center visits, eight months after birth. Cox proportional hazards regression was used for the statistical analyses. Results Living in close proximity to a road with equal to or greater than 8640 cars/day (compared to 0–8639 cars/day), was not associated with higher incidence of ever dispensed oral antihistamine or nasal anti-allergic medication, with or without adjustment for confounders (sex, breastfeeding, parental allergy, parental origin, season, and year of birth). Similar results were found in relation to NOX. Conclusions Traffic-related exposure was not associated with higher incidence of ever dispensed medication against allergy, in children 0–6 years in southern Sweden. These results indicates that traffic-related exposure may not be a risk factor for early onset allergy in children in southern Sweden. However, children with dispense of prescribed allergy medication may be a selected subgroup, and the results for this group may not be generalizable to all children with allergy. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12889-015-2356-3) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Lindgren
- Division of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Lund University, SE-221 85, Lund, Sweden.
| | - Emilie Stroh
- Division of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Lund University, SE-221 85, Lund, Sweden.
| | - Kristina Jakobsson
- Division of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Lund University, SE-221 85, Lund, Sweden.
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Abstract
Over the past three decades, a large number of genetic studies have been aimed at finding genetic variants associated with the risk of asthma, applying various genetic and genomic approaches including linkage analysis, candidate gene polymorphism studies, and genome-wide association studies (GWAS). However, contrary to general expectation, even single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) discovered by GWAS failed to fully explain the heritability of asthma. Thus, application of rare allele polymorphisms in well defined phenotypes and clarification of environmental factors have been suggested to overcome the problem of 'missing' heritability. Such factors include allergens, cigarette smoke, air pollutants, and infectious agents during pre- and post-natal periods. The first and simplest interaction between a gene and the environment is a candidate interaction of both a well known gene and environmental factor in a direct physical or chemical interaction such as between CD14 and endotoxin or between HLA and allergens. Several GWAS have found environmental interactions with occupational asthma, aspirin exacerbated respiratory disease, tobacco smoke-related airway dysfunction, and farm-related atopic diseases. As one of the mechanisms behind gene-environment interaction is epigenetics, a few studies on DNA CpG methylation have been reported on subphenotypes of asthma, pitching the exciting idea that it may be possible to intervene at the junction between the genome and the environment. Epigenetic studies are starting to include data from clinical samples, which will make them another powerful tool for re-search on gene-environment interactions in asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jong-Uk Lee
- Department of Interdisciplinary Program in Biomedical Science Major, Soonchunhyang Graduate School, Bucheon, Korea
| | - Jeong Dong Kim
- Department of Interdisciplinary Program in Biomedical Science Major, Soonchunhyang Graduate School, Bucheon, Korea
| | - Choon-Sik Park
- Genome Research Center and Division of Allergy and Respiratory Medicine, Soonchunhyang University Bucheon Hospital, Bucheon, Korea.
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Kravchenko J, Corsini E, Williams MA, Decker W, Manjili MH, Otsuki T, Singh N, Al-Mulla F, Al-Temaimi R, Amedei A, Colacci AM, Vaccari M, Mondello C, Scovassi AI, Raju J, Hamid RA, Memeo L, Forte S, Roy R, Woodrick J, Salem HK, Ryan EP, Brown DG, Bisson WH, Lowe L, Lyerly HK. Chemical compounds from anthropogenic environment and immune evasion mechanisms: potential interactions. Carcinogenesis 2015; 36 Suppl 1:S111-27. [PMID: 26002081 DOI: 10.1093/carcin/bgv033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2014] [Accepted: 01/19/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
An increasing number of studies suggest an important role of host immunity as a barrier to tumor formation and progression. Complex mechanisms and multiple pathways are involved in evading innate and adaptive immune responses, with a broad spectrum of chemicals displaying the potential to adversely influence immunosurveillance. The evaluation of the cumulative effects of low-dose exposures from the occupational and natural environment, especially if multiple chemicals target the same gene(s) or pathway(s), is a challenge. We reviewed common environmental chemicals and discussed their potential effects on immunosurveillance. Our overarching objective was to review related signaling pathways influencing immune surveillance such as the pathways involving PI3K/Akt, chemokines, TGF-β, FAK, IGF-1, HIF-1α, IL-6, IL-1α, CTLA-4 and PD-1/PDL-1 could individually or collectively impact immunosurveillance. A number of chemicals that are common in the anthropogenic environment such as fungicides (maneb, fluoxastrobin and pyroclostrobin), herbicides (atrazine), insecticides (pyridaben and azamethiphos), the components of personal care products (triclosan and bisphenol A) and diethylhexylphthalate with pathways critical to tumor immunosurveillance. At this time, these chemicals are not recognized as human carcinogens; however, it is known that they these chemicalscan simultaneously persist in the environment and appear to have some potential interfere with the host immune response, therefore potentially contributing to promotion interacting with of immune evasion mechanisms, and promoting subsequent tumor growth and progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Kravchenko
- Department of Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA;
| | - Emanuela Corsini
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari, School of Pharmacy, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Marc A Williams
- MEDCOM Army Institute of Public Health, Toxicology Portfolio - Health Effects Research Program, Aberdeen Proving Ground, Edgewood, Baltimore, MD 21010, USA
| | - William Decker
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Masoud H Manjili
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Massey Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298, USA
| | - Takemi Otsuki
- Department of Hygiene, Kawasaki Medical School, Kurashiki 701-0192, Japan
| | - Neetu Singh
- Advanced Molecular Science Research Centre, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh 226003, India
| | - Faha Al-Mulla
- Department of Pathology, Kuwait University, Safat 13110, Kuwait
| | | | - Amedeo Amedei
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Firenze, Firenze 50134, Italy
| | - Anna Maria Colacci
- Center for Environmental Carcinogenesis and Risk Assessment, Environmental Protection and Health Prevention Agency, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Monica Vaccari
- Center for Environmental Carcinogenesis and Risk Assessment, Environmental Protection and Health Prevention Agency, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Chiara Mondello
- Institute of Molecular Genetics, National Research Council, Pavia 27100, Italy
| | - A Ivana Scovassi
- Institute of Molecular Genetics, National Research Council, Pavia 27100, Italy
| | - Jayadev Raju
- Toxicology Research Division, Bureau of Chemical Safety, Food Directorate, HPFB, Health Canada, Ottawa, Ontario K1A0K9, Canada
| | - Roslida A Hamid
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor 43400, Malaysia
| | - Lorenzo Memeo
- Mediterranean Institute of Oncology, 95029 Viagrande, Italy
| | - Stefano Forte
- Mediterranean Institute of Oncology, 95029 Viagrande, Italy
| | - Rabindra Roy
- Molecular Oncology Program, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC 20057, USA
| | - Jordan Woodrick
- Molecular Oncology Program, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC 20057, USA
| | - Hosni K Salem
- Urology Department, Kasr Al-Ainy School of Medicine, Cairo University, El Manial, Cairo 12515, Egypt
| | - Elizabeth P Ryan
- Department of Environmental and Radiological Health Sciences, Colorado State University/ Colorado School of Public Health, Fort Collins, CO, 80523-1680, USA
| | - Dustin G Brown
- Department of Environmental and Radiological Health Sciences, Colorado State University/ Colorado School of Public Health, Fort Collins, CO, 80523-1680, USA
| | - William H Bisson
- Environmental and Molecular Toxicology, Environmental Health Sciences Center, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA,
| | - Leroy Lowe
- Getting to Know Cancer, Nova Scotia, Canada and
| | - H Kim Lyerly
- Department of Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA; Department of Pathology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA
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