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Etemadifar M, Alaei SA, Salari M, Sedaghat N. Span of spleen is associated with disability status in multiple sclerosis: a cross-sectional abdominopelvic ultrasonography study. Sci Rep 2024; 14:15297. [PMID: 38961187 PMCID: PMC11222531 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-66216-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 06/28/2024] [Indexed: 07/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Characteristics of livers and spleens of people with multiple sclerosis (pwMS) could constitute good biomarkers of MS-related characteristics such as the disability status. To test the hypothesis "the gross anatomical features of livers and spleens, are not similar between pwMS with different disease characteristics" a cross-sectional study was conducted on pwMS seen at the Isfahan MS clinic, Iran, from February until December 2023. Definitive, otherwise-healthy, pwMS were enrolled after an initial laboratory evaluation. Presence/absence and grading of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and the span of spleen were determined by a radiologist using high-resolution abdominopelvic ultrasonography. 193 pwMS (160 women) were enrolled. Of whom, 143 (74.1%) were receiving first-line disease-modifying therapies (DMTs), 24 (12.4%) fingolimod, and 26 (13.5%) rituximab. The span of spleen was negatively associated with EDSS (adjusted β [SE] - 4.08 [1.52], p < 0.01), as well as 6 m-CDW (adjusted β [SE] - 6.94 [3.56], p = 0.05), unlike age, DMTs, and MS duration (all with p > 0.05). Receiver operating characteristic analysis showed, spleen span performs significant but poor in discrimination of EDSS > 1 from EDSS = 1 (area under curve [AUC] 0.62, SE 0.05, p < 0.01), yet, significant and fair in discrimination of presence from absence of 6 m-CDW (AUC 0.72, SE 0.06, p < 0.01). Other findings were unremarkable. Further longitudinal, prospective studies are warranted to confirm whether smaller spleens are predictive of higher disability accrual rate in pwMS. Particularly, findings require further validation in untreated/treatment-naïve pwMS, and ones with higher EDSS scores.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masoud Etemadifar
- Department of Neurosurgery, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
- Alzahra Research Institute, Alzahra University Hospital, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Seyyed-Ali Alaei
- Student Research Committee, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
- School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Mehri Salari
- Functional Neurosurgery Research Center, Shohada Tajrish Comprehensive Neurosurgical Center of Excellence, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nahad Sedaghat
- Alzahra Research Institute, Alzahra University Hospital, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
- Student Research Committee, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
- Student Research Committee, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran.
- School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
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2
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Momeni A, Yazdi M, Motlagh ME, Qorbani M, Kelishadi R. Glucose and lipid-related indicators in relation to elevated alanine aminotransferase in a pediatric population. J Pediatr Endocrinol Metab 2024; 0:jpem-2024-0092. [PMID: 38934083 DOI: 10.1515/jpem-2024-0092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2024] [Accepted: 05/27/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To determine the associations between various glucose and lipid-related indicators with elevated alanine aminotransferase (ALT) in pediatric population. METHODS We analyzed the cross-sectional data of 3,771 Iranian children and adolescents aged 7-18 years using the fifth survey of a national school-based surveillance program. The predictive power of 11 different glucose and lipid-related indicators for predicting elevated ALT was examined using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve. RESULTS In the total sample non-HDL-C, non-HDL-C/HDL-C, and TC/HDL-C showed the largest area under the curve (AUC) for elevated ALT detection, with 0.731 (cut-off, 129.5 mg/dL), 0.706, and 0.706, respectively. In girls, non-HDL-C had the highest predictive value (AUC, 0.741, cut-off, 129.5 mg/dL). Among boys, non-HDL-C/HDL-C and TC/HDL-C showed the largest AUC of 0.753 with optimum cut-off values of 2.63 and 3.63, respectively. CONCLUSIONS The findings of this study suggest that non-HDL-C, non-HDL-C/HDL-C, and TC/HDL-C can be predictors of elevated ALT in the pediatric population. These indices can be useful in large population-based studies for predicting children and adolescents at risk of fatty liver.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azin Momeni
- Child Growth and Development Research Center, Research Institute for Primordial Prevention of Non-Communicable Disease, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences 48455 , Isfahan, Iran
| | - Maryam Yazdi
- Child Growth and Development Research Center, Research Institute for Primordial Prevention of Non-Communicable Disease, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences 48455 , Isfahan, Iran
| | | | - Mostafa Qorbani
- 391934 Non-communicable Diseases Research Center , Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
| | - Roya Kelishadi
- Child Growth and Development Research Center, Research Institute for Primordial Prevention of Non-Communicable Disease, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences 48455 , Isfahan, Iran
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Gurung P, Lim J, Kim YW. Preventing High Fat Diet-Induced Obesity and Related Hepatic Steatosis by Chlorin e6-Mediated Photodynamic Therapy. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2024; 17:729. [PMID: 38931396 PMCID: PMC11206563 DOI: 10.3390/ph17060729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2024] [Revised: 05/31/2024] [Accepted: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Obesity and its associated hepatic steatosis have become a global concern, posing numerous health hazards. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a unique approach that promotes anti-obesity by releasing intracellular fat. Chlorin e6 (Ce6)-PDT was tested for its anti-obesity properties in male ovariectomized (OVX) beagle dogs, as well as male C57BL/6 and Balb/c mice. The 12 OVX beagles were randomly assigned to one of four groups: high-fat diet (HFD) only, Ce6 only, Ce6 + 10 min of light-emitting diode light (LED) treatment, and Ce6 + 15 min of light treatment. We assessed several parameters, such as body weight, adipose tissue morphology, serum biochemistry, and body fat content analysis by computed tomography (CT) scan in HFD-fed beagle dogs. At the end of the study period, dogs that were treated for 35 days with Ce6 and exposed to LED irradiation (660 nm) either for 10 min (Ce6 + 10 min of light) or for 15 min (Ce6 + 15 min of light) had decreased body weight, including visceral and subcutaneous fats, lower aspartate transaminase (AST)/alanine transaminase (ALT) ratios, and a reduction in the area of individual adipocytes with a concomitant increase in the number of adipocytes. Furthermore, C57BL/6 male mice following an HFD diet were effectively treated by Ce6-PDT treatment through a reduction in weight gain and fat accumulation. Meanwhile, Ce6-PDT attenuated hepatocyte steatosis by decreasing the epididymal adipose tissue and balloon degeneration in hepatocytes in HFD-fed Balb/c mice. Taken together, our results support the idea that Ce6-PDT is a promising therapeutic strategy for the recovery of obesity and obesity-related hepatic steatosis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Yong-Wan Kim
- Dongsung Cancer Center, Dongsung Biopharmaceutical, Daegu 41061, Republic of Korea; (P.G.); (J.L.)
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Solleiro-Villavicencio H, Méndez-García LA, Ocampo-Aguilera NA, Baltazar-Pérez I, Arreola-Miranda JA, Aguayo-Guerrero JA, Alfaro-Cruz A, González-Chávez A, Fonseca-Sánchez MA, Fragoso JM, Escobedo G. Decreased Hepatic and Serum Levels of IL-10 Concur with Increased Lobular Inflammation in Morbidly Obese Patients. MEDICINA (KAUNAS, LITHUANIA) 2024; 60:862. [PMID: 38929479 PMCID: PMC11205754 DOI: 10.3390/medicina60060862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2024] [Revised: 05/22/2024] [Accepted: 05/24/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is associated with obesity and ranges from simple steatosis to non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), fibrosis, cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma. Accumulating evidence in animal models suggests that loss of interleukin-10 (IL-10) anti-inflammatory actions might contribute to lobular inflammation, considered one of the first steps toward NASH development. However, the role of IL-10 in lobular inflammation remains poorly explored in humans. We examined mRNA and protein levels of IL-10 in liver biopsies and serum samples from morbidly obese patients, investigating the relationship between IL-10 and lobular inflammation degree. Materials and Methods: We prospectively enrolled morbidly obese patients of both sexes, assessing the lobular inflammation grade by the Brunt scoring system to categorize participants into mild (n = 7), moderate (n = 19), or severe (n = 13) lobular inflammation groups. We quantified the hepatic mRNA expression of IL-10 by quantitative polymerase chain reaction and protein IL-10 levels in liver and serum samples by Luminex Assay. We estimated statistical differences by one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Tukey's multiple comparison test. Results: The hepatic expression of IL-10 significantly diminished in patients with severe lobular inflammation compared with the moderate lobular inflammation group (p = 0.01). The hepatic IL-10 protein levels decreased in patients with moderate or severe lobular inflammation compared with the mild lobular inflammation group (p = 0.008 and p = 0.0008, respectively). In circulation, IL-10 also significantly decreased in subjects with moderate or severe lobular inflammation compared with the mild lobular inflammation group (p = 0.005 and p < 0.0001, respectively). Conclusions: In liver biopsies and serum samples of morbidly obese patients, the protein levels of IL-10 progressively decrease as lobular inflammation increases, supporting the hypothesis that lobular inflammation develops because of the loss of the IL-10-mediated anti-inflammatory counterbalance.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Lucía Angélica Méndez-García
- Laboratory of Immunometabolism, Research Division, General Hospital of Mexico “Dr. Eduardo Liceaga”, Mexico City 06726, Mexico; (L.A.M.-G.); (N.A.O.-A.); (I.B.-P.); (J.A.A.-M.); (J.A.A.-G.)
| | - Nydia A. Ocampo-Aguilera
- Laboratory of Immunometabolism, Research Division, General Hospital of Mexico “Dr. Eduardo Liceaga”, Mexico City 06726, Mexico; (L.A.M.-G.); (N.A.O.-A.); (I.B.-P.); (J.A.A.-M.); (J.A.A.-G.)
| | - Itzel Baltazar-Pérez
- Laboratory of Immunometabolism, Research Division, General Hospital of Mexico “Dr. Eduardo Liceaga”, Mexico City 06726, Mexico; (L.A.M.-G.); (N.A.O.-A.); (I.B.-P.); (J.A.A.-M.); (J.A.A.-G.)
| | - José A. Arreola-Miranda
- Laboratory of Immunometabolism, Research Division, General Hospital of Mexico “Dr. Eduardo Liceaga”, Mexico City 06726, Mexico; (L.A.M.-G.); (N.A.O.-A.); (I.B.-P.); (J.A.A.-M.); (J.A.A.-G.)
| | - José A. Aguayo-Guerrero
- Laboratory of Immunometabolism, Research Division, General Hospital of Mexico “Dr. Eduardo Liceaga”, Mexico City 06726, Mexico; (L.A.M.-G.); (N.A.O.-A.); (I.B.-P.); (J.A.A.-M.); (J.A.A.-G.)
| | - Ana Alfaro-Cruz
- Pathological Anatomy Department, General Hospital of Mexico “Dr. Eduardo Liceaga”, Mexico City 06726, Mexico;
| | - Antonio González-Chávez
- Clínica de Atención Integral para Pacientes con Diabetes y Obesidad (CAIDO), General Hospital of Mexico “Dr. Eduardo Liceaga”, Mexico City 06726, Mexico;
| | | | - José Manuel Fragoso
- Department of Molecular Biology, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, Juan Badiano 1, Sección XVI, Tlalpan, Mexico City 14080, Mexico;
| | - Galileo Escobedo
- Laboratory of Immunometabolism, Research Division, General Hospital of Mexico “Dr. Eduardo Liceaga”, Mexico City 06726, Mexico; (L.A.M.-G.); (N.A.O.-A.); (I.B.-P.); (J.A.A.-M.); (J.A.A.-G.)
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Mounika N, Mungase SB, Verma S, Kaur S, Deka UJ, Ghosh TS, Adela R. Inflammatory Protein Signatures as Predictive Disease-Specific Markers for Non-Alcoholic Steatohepatitis (NASH). Inflammation 2024:10.1007/s10753-024-02035-0. [PMID: 38676759 DOI: 10.1007/s10753-024-02035-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2024] [Revised: 04/20/2024] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/29/2024]
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most prevalent chronic disease worldwide, consisting of a broad spectrum of diseases such as simple steatosis (NAFL), non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), fibrosis, cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma. Hepatic inflammation plays a key role in the pathophysiology of NAFLD. Inflammatory mediators such as cytokines and chemokines are considered as contributing factors to NAFLD development and progression. In the present study, we aimed to investigate the inflammatory protein signatures as predictive disease-specific markers for non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). This cross-sectional study included healthy control (n = 64), NAFL (n = 109), and NASH (n = 60) human subjects. Serum concentrations of various cytokines and chemokines were evaluated using sensitive multiplex assays. We used principal component analysis (PCoA) to reveal distinct differences in the levels of cytokines and chemokines between each of the study groups. Further, a random forest classification model was developed to identify the panel of markers that could predict diseases. The protein-protein network analysis was performed to determine the various signaling pathways associated with the disease-specific panel of markers. Serum concentrations of TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-1ra, G-CSF, PDGF-BB, MCP-1, MIP-1a, MIP-1b, RANTES, eotaxin, IL-8 and IP-10 were significantly increased in NASH group as compared to control group. Furthermore, serum concentrations of IL-9 and IL-13 were significantly lower in the NASH group, whereas IL-2 levels were significantly decreased in the NAFL group when compared to the control group. PCoA results demonstrated statistically significant differences in cytokines and chemokines between each of the study groups (PERMANOVA p = 0.001; R2 = 0.102). RANTES, IL-1ra, MIP-1b, IL-2, and G-CSF could differentiate the NAFL group from the controls; G-CSF, IL-1ra, TNF-α, RANTES, and IL-9 could differentiate the NASH group from the controls; and G-CSF, IL-9, IL-13, eotaxin, and TNF- α could differentiate the NASH group from the NAFL group. Our protein-protein network revealed that these markers are involved in cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction, Th1 and Th2 cell differentiation, TNF, chemokine, JAK/STAT, P13K/Akt, TLR, NOD-like receptor, NF-kB, and adipocytokine signaling pathways which might be responsible for disease pathogenesis. Our study findings revealed a set of distinct cytokine and chemokine markers and they might be considered as biomarkers in distinguishing NASH from NAFL. Future multicentre studies with larger sample size are recommended to determine the potential utility of these panels of markers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadella Mounika
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research-Guwahati, Sila Katamur (Halugurisuk), Changsari, Kamrup, Assam-781101, India
| | - Suraj Bhausaheb Mungase
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research-Guwahati, Sila Katamur (Halugurisuk), Changsari, Kamrup, Assam-781101, India
| | - Shivangi Verma
- Department of Computational Biology, Indraprastha Institute of Information Technology Delhi (IIIT-Delhi), Okhla Phase III, New Delhi, 110020, India
| | - Savneet Kaur
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, Institute of Liver & Biliary Science (ILBS), New Delhi-110 070, Vasant Kunj, India
| | - Utpal Jyoti Deka
- Department of Gastroenterology, Downtown Hospital, GS Road, Bormotoria, Guwahati, Assam-781006, India
| | - Tarini Shankar Ghosh
- Department of Computational Biology, Indraprastha Institute of Information Technology Delhi (IIIT-Delhi), Okhla Phase III, New Delhi, 110020, India
| | - Ramu Adela
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research-Guwahati, Sila Katamur (Halugurisuk), Changsari, Kamrup, Assam-781101, India.
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Tudor MS, Gheorman V, Simeanu GM, Dobrinescu A, Pădureanu V, Dinescu VC, Forțofoiu MC. Evolutive Models, Algorithms and Predictive Parameters for the Progression of Hepatic Steatosis. Metabolites 2024; 14:198. [PMID: 38668326 PMCID: PMC11052048 DOI: 10.3390/metabo14040198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2024] [Revised: 03/29/2024] [Accepted: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The utilization of evolutive models and algorithms for predicting the evolution of hepatic steatosis holds immense potential benefits. These computational approaches enable the analysis of complex datasets, capturing temporal dynamics and providing personalized prognostic insights. By optimizing intervention planning and identifying critical transition points, they promise to revolutionize our approach to understanding and managing hepatic steatosis progression, ultimately leading to enhanced patient care and outcomes in clinical settings. This paradigm shift towards a more dynamic, personalized, and comprehensive approach to hepatic steatosis progression signifies a significant advancement in healthcare. The application of evolutive models and algorithms allows for a nuanced characterization of disease trajectories, facilitating tailored interventions and optimizing clinical decision-making. Furthermore, these computational tools offer a framework for integrating diverse data sources, creating a more holistic understanding of hepatic steatosis progression. In summary, the potential benefits encompass the ability to analyze complex datasets, capture temporal dynamics, provide personalized prognostic insights, optimize intervention planning, identify critical transition points, and integrate diverse data sources. The application of evolutive models and algorithms has the potential to revolutionize our understanding and management of hepatic steatosis, ultimately leading to improved patient outcomes in clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marinela Sînziana Tudor
- Doctoral School, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, Petru Rareș 2 Str, 200349 Craiova, Romania; (M.S.T.); (G.-M.S.)
| | - Veronica Gheorman
- Department 3 Medical Semiology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, Petru Rareș 2 Str, 200349 Craiova, Romania;
| | - Georgiana-Mihaela Simeanu
- Doctoral School, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, Petru Rareș 2 Str, 200349 Craiova, Romania; (M.S.T.); (G.-M.S.)
| | - Adrian Dobrinescu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, Petru Rareș 2 Str, 200349 Craiova, Romania
| | - Vlad Pădureanu
- Department 3 Medical Semiology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, Petru Rareș 2 Str, 200349 Craiova, Romania;
| | - Venera Cristina Dinescu
- Department of Health Promotion and Occupational Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, Petru Rareș 2 Str, 200349 Craiova, Romania;
| | - Mircea-Cătălin Forțofoiu
- Department 3 Medical Semiology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, Clinical Municipal Hospital “Philanthropy” of Craiova, 200143 Craiova, Romania;
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Vega-Abellaneda S, Dopazo C, Yañez F, Soler Z, Xie Z, Canalda-Baltrons A, Pons-Tarín M, Bilbao I, Manichanh C. Microbiome composition recovery after liver transplantation correlates with initial liver disease severity and antibiotics treatment. Am J Transplant 2024:S1600-6135(24)00248-X. [PMID: 38556088 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajt.2024.03.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Revised: 03/02/2024] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024]
Abstract
Liver transplantation (LT) is crucial for end-stage liver disease, but it is linked to infection risks. Pathobionts, microorganisms potentially harmful under specific conditions, can cause complications posttransplant. Monitoring such pathogens in fecal samples can be challenging and therefore remains underexplored post-LT. This study aimed to analyze the gut microbiome before and after LT, tracking pathobionts and correlating clinical data. The study involved 17 liver transplant recipients, 17 healthy relatives (spouses), and 13 donors. Gut samples collected pretranplantation and posttransplantation underwent bacterial and fungal profiling through DNA sequencing. Quantitative polymerase chain reaction was used to assess microbial load. Statistical analyses included alpha and beta diversity measures, differential abundance analysis, and correlation tests between microbiome and clinical parameters. Microbiome analysis revealed dynamic changes in diversity posttransplant. Notably, high-severity patients showed persistent and greater dysbiosis during the first months post-LT compared with low-severity patients, partly due to an antibiotic treatment pre-LT. The analysis identified a higher proportion of pathogens such as Escherichia coli/Shigella flexneri in high-severity cases posttransplant. Furthermore, butyrate producers including Roseburia intestinalis, Anaerostipes hadrus, and Eubacterium coprostanoligenes were positively correlated with levels of albumin. This study offers valuable insights into post-LT microbiome changes, shedding light on the need for tailored prophylactic treatment post-LT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Vega-Abellaneda
- Microbiome Lab, Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Vall d'Hebron Barcelona Hospital Campus, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Cristina Dopazo
- Department of HPB Surgery and Transplants, Vall d'Hebron Hospital Universitari, Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Vall d'Hebron Barcelona Hospital Campus, Universitat Autónoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; CIBER of Hepatic and Digestive Diseases (CIBERehd), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
| | - Francisca Yañez
- Microbiome Lab, Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Vall d'Hebron Barcelona Hospital Campus, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Zaida Soler
- Microbiome Lab, Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Vall d'Hebron Barcelona Hospital Campus, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Zixuan Xie
- Microbiome Lab, Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Vall d'Hebron Barcelona Hospital Campus, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Aleix Canalda-Baltrons
- Microbiome Lab, Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Vall d'Hebron Barcelona Hospital Campus, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marc Pons-Tarín
- Microbiome Lab, Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Vall d'Hebron Barcelona Hospital Campus, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Itxarone Bilbao
- Department of HPB Surgery and Transplants, Vall d'Hebron Hospital Universitari, Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Vall d'Hebron Barcelona Hospital Campus, Universitat Autónoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; CIBER of Hepatic and Digestive Diseases (CIBERehd), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain.
| | - Chaysavanh Manichanh
- Microbiome Lab, Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Vall d'Hebron Barcelona Hospital Campus, Barcelona, Spain; CIBER of Hepatic and Digestive Diseases (CIBERehd), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain; Departament de Medicina, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
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8
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Xue Y, Peng Y, Zhang L, Ba Y, Jin G, Liu G. Effect of different exercise modalities on nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: a systematic review and network meta-analysis. Sci Rep 2024; 14:6212. [PMID: 38485714 PMCID: PMC10940706 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-51470-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Physical exercise intervention can significantly improve the liver of patients with Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), but it is unknown which exercise mode has the best effect on liver improvement in NAFLD patients. Therefore, we systematically evaluated the effect of exercise therapy on liver and blood index function of NAFLD patients through network meta-analysis (NMA). Through systematic retrieval of PubMed, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, EBSCO, and CNKI (National Knowledge Infrastructure), two reviewers independently screened the literature, extracted data, and assessed the risk of bias of the included studies by means of databases from inception to January 2023. The NMA was performed using the inconsistency model. A total of 43 studies, 2070 NAFLD patients were included: aerobic training (n = 779), resistance training (n = 159), high-intensity interval training (n = 160), aerobic training + resistance training (n = 96). The results indicate that aerobic training + resistance training could significantly improve serum total cholesterol (TC) (Surface under the cumulative ranking curve (SUCRA) = 71.7), triglyceride (TG) (SUCRA = 96.8), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) (SUCRA = 86.1) in patients with NAFLD including triglycerides. Aerobic training is the best mode to improve ALT (SUCRA = 83.9) and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) (SUCRA = 72.3). Resistance training is the best mode to improve aspartate transaminase (AST) (SUCRA = 81.7). Taking various benefits into account, we believe that the best modality of exercise for NAFLD patients is aerobic training + resistance training. In our current network meta-analysis, these exercise methods have different effects on the six indicators of NAFLD, which provides some reference for further formulating exercise prescription for NAFLD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaqi Xue
- Beijing Normal University College of Physical Education and Sport, Beijing, China
| | - Yang Peng
- Physical Education Department, Northeastern University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | | | - Yi Ba
- Beijing Normal University College of Physical Education and Sport, Beijing, China
| | - Gang Jin
- Physical Education Department, Northeastern University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Ge Liu
- School of Economics and Management, Hebei University of Architecture, Hebei, China.
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Lee NK, Lee Y, Shin DS, Ra J, Choi YM, Ryu BH, Lee J, Park E, Paik HD. Hepatoprotective Effect of Lactiplantibacillus plantarum DSR330 in Mice with High Fat Diet-Induced Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease. J Microbiol Biotechnol 2024; 34:399-406. [PMID: 38247213 PMCID: PMC10940777 DOI: 10.4014/jmb.2310.10026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Revised: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
Lactiplantibacillus plantarum DSR330 (DSR330) has been examined for its antimicrobials production and probiotics. In this study, the hepatoprotective effects of DSR330 were examined against non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in a high-fat diet (HFD)-fed C57BL/6 mouse model. To induce the development of fatty liver, a HFD was administered for five weeks, and then silymarin (positive control) or DSR330 (108 or 109 CFU/day) was administered along with the HFD for seven weeks. DSR330 significantly decreased body weight and altered serum and hepatic lipid profiles, including a reduction in triglyceride, total cholesterol, and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels compared to those in the HFD group. DSR330 significantly alleviated HFD-related hepatic injury by inducing morphological changes and reducing the levels of biomarkers, including AST, ALT, and ALP. Additionally, DSR330 alleviated the expression of SREBP-1c, ACC1, FAS, ACO, PPARα, and CPT-1 in liver cells. Insulin and leptin levels were decreased by DSR330 compared to those observed in the HFD group. However, adiponectin levels were increased, similar to those observed in the ND group. These results demonstrate that L. plantarum DSR330 inhibited HFD-induced hepatic steatosis in mice with NAFLD by modulating various signaling pathways. Hence, the use of probiotics can lead to hepatoprotective effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na-Kyoung Lee
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology of Animal Resources, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Yunjung Lee
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Kyungnam University, Changwon 51767, Republic of Korea
| | - Da-Soul Shin
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Kyungnam University, Changwon 51767, Republic of Korea
| | - Jehyeon Ra
- FM MI center, Daesang Wellife, Seoul 03130, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong-Min Choi
- FM MI center, Daesang Wellife, Seoul 03130, Republic of Korea
| | - Byung Hee Ryu
- Jongga R&D product Division, Daesang, Seoul 03130, Republic of Korea
| | - Jinhyeuk Lee
- FM MI center, Daesang Wellife, Seoul 03130, Republic of Korea
| | - Eunju Park
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Kyungnam University, Changwon 51767, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun-Dong Paik
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology of Animal Resources, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
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Vasquez JA, Brown M, Woolsey M, Abdul-Ghani M, Katabathina V, Deng S, Blangero J, Clarke GD. Reproducibility and Repeatability of Intravoxel Incoherent Motion MRI Acquisition Methods in Liver. J Magn Reson Imaging 2024. [PMID: 38240167 DOI: 10.1002/jmri.29249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2023] [Revised: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 02/07/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Intravoxel incoherent motion (IVIM) diffusion weighted MRI (DWI) has potential for evaluating hepatic fibrosis but image acquisition technique influence on diffusion parameter estimation bears investigation. PURPOSE To minimize variability and maximize repeatably in abdominal DWI in terms of IVIM parameter estimates. STUDY TYPE Prospective test-retest and image quality comparison. SUBJECTS Healthy volunteers (3F/7M, 29.9 ± 12.9 years) and Family Study subjects (18F/12M, 51.7 ± 16.7 years), without and with liver steatosis. FIELD STRENGTH/SEQUENCE Abdominal single-shot echo-planar imaging (EPI) and simultaneous multi-slice (SMS) DWI sequences with respiratory triggering (RT), breath-holding (BH), and navigator echo (NE) at 3 Tesla. ASSESSMENT SMS-BH, EPI-NE, and SMS-RT data from twice-scanned healthy volunteers were analyzed using 6 × b-values (0-800 s⋅mm-2 ) and lower (LO) and higher (HI) b-value ranges. Family Study subjects were scanned using SMS and standard EPI sequences. The biexponential IVIM model was used to estimate fast-diffusion coefficient (Df ), fraction of fast diffusion (f), and slow-diffusion coefficient (Ds ). Scan time, estimated signal-to-noise ratio (eSNR), eSNR per acquisition, and distortion ratio were compared. STATISTICAL TESTS Coefficients of variation (CoV) and Bland Altman analyses were performed for test-retest repeatability. Interclass correlation coefficient (ICC) assessed interobserver agreement with P < 0.05 deemed significant. RESULTS Within-subject CoVs among volunteers (N = 10) for f and Ds were lowest in EPI-NE-LO (11.6%) and SMS-RT-HI (11.1%). Inter-observer ICCs for f and Ds were highest for EPI-NE-LO (0.63) and SMS-RT-LO (0.76). Df could not be estimated for most subjects. Estimated eSNR (EPI = 21.9, SMS = 4.7) and eSNR time (EPI = 6.7, SMS = 16.6) were greater for SMS, with less distortion in the liver region (DR-PE: EPI = 23.6, SMS = 13.1). DATA CONCLUSION Simultaneous multislice acquisitions had significantly less variability and higher ICCs of Ds , higher eSNR, less distortion, and reduced scan time compared to EPI. EVIDENCE LEVEL 2 TECHNICAL EFFICACY: Stage 1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan A Vasquez
- Department of Radiology, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, USA
- Research Imaging Institute, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, USA
| | - Marissa Brown
- Department of Radiology, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, USA
- Research Imaging Institute, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, USA
| | - Mary Woolsey
- Research Imaging Institute, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, USA
| | - Mohammad Abdul-Ghani
- Diabetes Division, Department of Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, USA
| | - Venkata Katabathina
- Department of Radiology, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, USA
| | - Shengwen Deng
- Research Imaging Institute, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, USA
| | - John Blangero
- Department of Human Genetics, School of Medicine, The University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, Brownsville, Texas, USA
| | - Geoffrey D Clarke
- Department of Radiology, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, USA
- Research Imaging Institute, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, USA
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11
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Mounika N, Yadav A, Kamboj P, Banerjee SK, Deka UJ, Kaur S, Adela R. Circulatory bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) 8B is a non-invasive predictive biomarker for the diagnosis of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). PLoS One 2023; 18:e0295839. [PMID: 38127951 PMCID: PMC10734958 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0295839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a complex disease which is characterized by the deposition of fats in the hepatocytes. Further, it progresses to nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), fibrosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma. The increasing prevalence of NAFLD urges to find the non-invasive predictive biomarkers. In this study, we sought to determine increased BMP8B levels as predictors for the progression of NAFLD. METHODS In the present cross-sectional study, circulatory BMP8B levels were measured in healthy controls (n = 56), NAFL patients (n = 72) and NASH patients (n = 77) by using an ELISA kit. Human hepatic BMP8B mRNA expression was measured in the liver tissue of control and NASH patients. In addition, BMP8B expression was confirmed by immunohistochemistry analysis. Furthermore, hepatic BMP8B mRNA expression was measured in wild type (WT) mice, WT mice fed with choline deficient high fat diet (WT+CDHF), iNOS (inducible nitric oxide synthase) knockout (iNOS-/-) mice, iNOS-/- fed with CDHF diet (iNOS-/-+CDHF). RESULTS Increased circulatory BMP8B levels and BMP8B mRNA expression in hepatic tissue were significantly higher in NASH patients as compared with the control subjects. BMP8B expression was increased parallel to the fibrosis score in the hepatic tissues of NASH patients. It was observed that increased BMP8B levels have shown a significant positive correlation between aspartate aminotransferase (r = 0.31, p = 0.005), alanine aminotransferase (r = 0.23, p = 0.045), APRI (r = 0.30, p = 0.009), and Fib-4 score (r = 0.25, p = 0.036) in NASH patients. BMP8B has maintained a significant association with NASH and shown high sensitivity (92.91%) and specificity (92.73%) in NASH patients. Furthermore, increased BMP8B mRNA expression levels were observed in iNOS-/-+CDHF mice. CONCLUSION Our study findings confirmed that BMP8B increases with the severity of the disease and BMP8B shows potential as a non-invasive predictive biomarker to identify NAFLD progression. However, future studies should investigate circulatory BMP8B levels in a large number of patients and also its impact on liver during NAFLD progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadella Mounika
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, NIPER-Guwahati, Sila Katamur, Halugurisuk, Changsari, Dist.Kamrup, Guwahati, Assam, India
| | - Angeera Yadav
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, NIPER-Guwahati, Sila Katamur, Halugurisuk, Changsari, Dist.Kamrup, Guwahati, Assam, India
| | - Parul Kamboj
- Senior Researcher, Translational Health Science and Technology Institute (THSTI), Faridabad, India
| | - Sanjay K. Banerjee
- Senior Researcher, Translational Health Science and Technology Institute (THSTI), Faridabad, India
- Department of Biotechnology, NIPER-Guwahati, Sila Katamur, Halugurisuk, Changsari, Dist.Kamrup, Guwahati, Assam, India
| | - Utpal Jyoti Deka
- Department of Gastroenterology, Downtown Hospital, GS Rd, Bormotoria, Guwahati, Assam, India
| | - Savneet Kaur
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, Institute of Liver & Biliary Science (ILBS), Vasant Kunj, New Delhi, India
| | - Ramu Adela
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, NIPER-Guwahati, Sila Katamur, Halugurisuk, Changsari, Dist.Kamrup, Guwahati, Assam, India
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12
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Qiu J, Kuang M, He S, Yu C, Wang C, Huang X, Sheng G, Zou Y. Gender perspective on the association between liver enzyme markers and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: insights from the general population. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1302322. [PMID: 38125795 PMCID: PMC10731038 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1302322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective Every distinct liver enzyme biomarker exhibits a strong correlation with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). This study aims to comprehensively analyze and compare the associations of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), and gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT) with NAFLD from a gender perspective. Methods This study was conducted on 6,840 females and 7,411 males from the NAGALA cohort. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was used to compare the associations between liver enzyme markers and NAFLD in both genders, recording the corresponding adjusted odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were used to evaluate the accuracy of individual liver enzyme markers and different combinations of them in identifying NAFLD. Results Liver enzyme markers ALT, AST, and GGT were all independently associated with NAFLD and exhibited significant gender differences (All P-interaction<0.05). In both genders, ALT exhibited the most significant association with NAFLD, with adjusted standardized ORs of 2.19 (95% CI: 2.01-2.39) in males and 1.60 (95% CI: 1.35-1.89) in females. Additionally, ROC analysis showed that ALT had significantly higher accuracy in identifying NAFLD than AST and GGT in both genders (Delong P-value < 0.05), and the accuracy of ALT in identifying NAFLD in males was higher than that in females [Area under the ROC curve (AUC): male 0.79, female 0.77]. Furthermore, out of the various combinations of liver enzymes, ALT+GGT showed the highest accuracy in identifying NAFLD in both genders, with AUCs of 0.77 (95% CI: 0.75-0.79) in females and 0.79 (95% CI: 0.78-0.81) in males. Conclusion Our study revealed significant gender differences in the associations of the three commonly used liver enzyme markers with NAFLD. In both genders, the use of ALT alone may be the simplest and most effective tool for screening NAFLD, especially in males.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiajun Qiu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Medical College of Nanchang University, Jiangxi Provincial People’s Hospital, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
- Jiangxi Cardiovascular Research Institute, Jiangxi Provincial People’s Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical College, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
- Jiangxi Provincial Geriatric Hospital, Jiangxi Provincial People’s Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical College, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Maobin Kuang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Medical College of Nanchang University, Jiangxi Provincial People’s Hospital, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
- Jiangxi Cardiovascular Research Institute, Jiangxi Provincial People’s Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical College, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
- Jiangxi Provincial Geriatric Hospital, Jiangxi Provincial People’s Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical College, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Shiming He
- Department of Internal Medicine, Medical College of Nanchang University, Jiangxi Provincial People’s Hospital, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
- Jiangxi Cardiovascular Research Institute, Jiangxi Provincial People’s Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical College, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
- Jiangxi Provincial Geriatric Hospital, Jiangxi Provincial People’s Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical College, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Changhui Yu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Medical College of Nanchang University, Jiangxi Provincial People’s Hospital, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
- Jiangxi Cardiovascular Research Institute, Jiangxi Provincial People’s Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical College, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
- Jiangxi Provincial Geriatric Hospital, Jiangxi Provincial People’s Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical College, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Chao Wang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Medical College of Nanchang University, Jiangxi Provincial People’s Hospital, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
- Jiangxi Cardiovascular Research Institute, Jiangxi Provincial People’s Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical College, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
- Jiangxi Provincial Geriatric Hospital, Jiangxi Provincial People’s Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical College, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Xin Huang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Medical College of Nanchang University, Jiangxi Provincial People’s Hospital, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
- Jiangxi Cardiovascular Research Institute, Jiangxi Provincial People’s Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical College, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
- Jiangxi Provincial Geriatric Hospital, Jiangxi Provincial People’s Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical College, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Guotai Sheng
- Jiangxi Provincial Geriatric Hospital, Jiangxi Provincial People’s Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical College, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Yang Zou
- Jiangxi Cardiovascular Research Institute, Jiangxi Provincial People’s Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical College, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
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Haeri MR. Diabetes and diabesity in the view of proteomics, drug, and plant-derived remedies. JOURNAL OF RESEARCH IN MEDICAL SCIENCES : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF ISFAHAN UNIVERSITY OF MEDICAL SCIENCES 2023; 28:77. [PMID: 38152069 PMCID: PMC10751518 DOI: 10.4103/jrms.jrms_487_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2022] [Revised: 07/08/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 12/29/2023]
Abstract
Diabetes and obesity are highly prevalent in the world. Proteomics is a promising approach to better understanding enzymes, proteins, and signaling molecules involved in diabetes processes which help recognize the basis of the disease better and find suitable new treatments. This study aimed to summarize the molecular mechanisms from the beginning of insulin secretion in response to stimuli to the pathology of the insulin signaling pathway and, finally, the mechanisms of drugs/chemicals remedies that affect this process. The titles and subtitles of this process were determined, and then for each of them, the articles searched in PubMed and ScienceDirect were used. This review article starts the discussion with the molecular basis of insulin biosynthesis, secretion, insulin's mechanism of action, and molecular aspect of diabetes and diabesity (a new term showing the relation between diabetes and obesity) and ends with the drug and plant-derived intervention for hyperglycemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Reza Haeri
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, Iran
- Reference Laboratory, Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, Iran
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14
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Garibay-Nieto N, Pedraza-Escudero K, Omaña-Guzmán I, Garcés-Hernández MJ, Villanueva-Ortega E, Flores-Torres M, Pérez-Hernández JL, León-Hernández M, Laresgoiti-Servitje E, Palacios-González B, López-Alvarenga JC, Lisker-Melman M, Vadillo-Ortega F. Metabolomic Phenotype of Hepatic Steatosis and Fibrosis in Mexican Children Living with Obesity. MEDICINA (KAUNAS, LITHUANIA) 2023; 59:1785. [PMID: 37893503 PMCID: PMC10608521 DOI: 10.3390/medicina59101785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2023] [Revised: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023]
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Metabolic-dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease or MASLD is the main cause of chronic liver diseases in children, and it is estimated to affect 35% of children living with obesity. This study aimed to identify metabolic phenotypes associated with two advanced stages of MASLD (hepatic steatosis and hepatic steatosis plus fibrosis) in Mexican children with obesity. Materials and Methods: This is a cross-sectional analysis derived from a randomized clinical trial conducted in children and adolescents with obesity aged 8 to 16 years. Anthropometric and biochemical data were measured, and targeted metabolomic analyses were carried out using mass spectrometry. Liver steatosis and fibrosis were estimated using transient elastography (Fibroscan® Echosens, Paris, France). Three groups were studied: a non-MASLD group, an MASLD group, and a group for MASLD + fibrosis. A partial least squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) was performed to identify the discrimination between the study groups and to visualize the differences between their heatmaps; also, Variable Importance Projection (VIP) plots were graphed. A VIP score of >1.5 was considered to establish the importance of metabolites and biochemical parameters that characterized each group. Logistic regression models were constructed considering VIP scores of >1.5, and the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were estimated to evaluate different combinations of variables. Results: The metabolic MASLD phenotype was associated with increased concentrations of ALT and decreased arginine, glycine, and acylcarnitine (AC) AC5:1, while MASLD + fibrosis, an advanced stage of MASLD, was associated with a phenotype characterized by increased concentrations of ALT, proline, and alanine and a decreased Matsuda Index. Conclusions: The metabolic MASLD phenotype changes as this metabolic dysfunction progresses. Understanding metabolic disturbances in MASLD would allow for early identification and the development of intervention strategies focused on limiting the progression of liver damage in children and adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nayely Garibay-Nieto
- Pediatric Obesity Clinic and Wellness Unit, General Hospital of Mexico, Mexico City 06720, Mexico; (N.G.-N.); (K.P.-E.); (I.O.-G.); (M.J.G.-H.); (E.V.-O.)
| | - Karen Pedraza-Escudero
- Pediatric Obesity Clinic and Wellness Unit, General Hospital of Mexico, Mexico City 06720, Mexico; (N.G.-N.); (K.P.-E.); (I.O.-G.); (M.J.G.-H.); (E.V.-O.)
| | - Isabel Omaña-Guzmán
- Pediatric Obesity Clinic and Wellness Unit, General Hospital of Mexico, Mexico City 06720, Mexico; (N.G.-N.); (K.P.-E.); (I.O.-G.); (M.J.G.-H.); (E.V.-O.)
| | - María José Garcés-Hernández
- Pediatric Obesity Clinic and Wellness Unit, General Hospital of Mexico, Mexico City 06720, Mexico; (N.G.-N.); (K.P.-E.); (I.O.-G.); (M.J.G.-H.); (E.V.-O.)
| | - Eréndira Villanueva-Ortega
- Pediatric Obesity Clinic and Wellness Unit, General Hospital of Mexico, Mexico City 06720, Mexico; (N.G.-N.); (K.P.-E.); (I.O.-G.); (M.J.G.-H.); (E.V.-O.)
| | - Mariana Flores-Torres
- Unidad de Vinculación de la Facultad de Medicina, UNAM, Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genómica, Mexico City 14610, Mexico;
| | - José Luis Pérez-Hernández
- Hepatology Clinic, Gastroenterology Department, General Hospital of Mexico, Mexico City 06720, Mexico;
| | | | | | - Berenice Palacios-González
- Laboratorio de Envejecimiento Saludable, Centro de Investigación Sobre el Envejecimiento, Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genómica, Mexico City 14610, Mexico;
| | - Juan Carlos López-Alvarenga
- Department of Population Health & Biostatistics, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, Edinburg, TX 78539, USA;
| | - Mauricio Lisker-Melman
- Division of Gastroenterology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA;
| | - Felipe Vadillo-Ortega
- Unidad de Vinculación de la Facultad de Medicina, UNAM, Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genómica, Mexico City 14610, Mexico;
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Perez-Luz S, Matamala N, Gomez-Mariano G, Janciauskiene S, Martínez-Delgado B. NAFLD and AATD Are Two Diseases with Unbalanced Lipid Metabolism: Similarities and Differences. Biomedicines 2023; 11:1961. [PMID: 37509601 PMCID: PMC10377048 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11071961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Revised: 07/04/2023] [Accepted: 07/07/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a type of steatosis commonly associated with obesity, dyslipidemia, hypertension, and diabetes. Other diseases such as inherited alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency (AATD) have also been related to the development of liver steatosis. The primary reasons leading to hepatic lipid deposits can be genetic and epigenetic, and the outcomes range from benign steatosis to liver failure, as well as to extrahepatic diseases. Progressive hepatocellular damage and dysregulated systemic immune responses can affect extrahepatic organs, specifically the heart and lungs. In this review, we discuss the similarities and differences between the molecular pathways of NAFLD and AATD, and the putative value of hepatic organoids as novel models to investigate the physio pathological mechanisms of liver steatosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Perez-Luz
- Molecular Genetics Unit, Institute of Rare Diseases Research (IIER), Institute of Health Carlos III (ISCIII), 28220 Madrid, Spain
| | - Nerea Matamala
- Molecular Genetics Unit, Institute of Rare Diseases Research (IIER), Institute of Health Carlos III (ISCIII), 28220 Madrid, Spain
| | - Gema Gomez-Mariano
- Molecular Genetics Unit, Institute of Rare Diseases Research (IIER), Institute of Health Carlos III (ISCIII), 28220 Madrid, Spain
| | - Sabina Janciauskiene
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Biomedical Research in Endstage and Obstructive Lung Disease Hannover BREATH, Member of the German Center for Lung Research DZL, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Beatriz Martínez-Delgado
- Molecular Genetics Unit, Institute of Rare Diseases Research (IIER), Institute of Health Carlos III (ISCIII), 28220 Madrid, Spain
- CIBER de Enfermedades Raras, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, CIBERER U758, 28029 Madrid, Spain
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Cho KH, Kim JE, Komatsu T, Uehara Y. Protection of Liver Functions and Improvement of Kidney Functions by Twelve Weeks Consumption of Cuban Policosanol (Raydel ®) with a Decrease of Glycated Hemoglobin and Blood Pressure from a Randomized, Placebo-Controlled, and Double-Blinded Study with Healthy and Middle-Aged Japanese Participants. Life (Basel) 2023; 13:1319. [PMID: 37374102 DOI: 10.3390/life13061319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Revised: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 06/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Policosanol consumption has been associated with treating blood pressure and dyslipidemia by increasing the level of high-density lipoproteins-cholesterol (HDL-C) and HDL functionality. Although policosanol supplementation also ameliorated liver function in animal models, it has not been reported in a human clinical study, particularly with a 20 mg doage of policosanol. In the current study, twelve-week consumption of Cuban policosanol (Raydel®) significantly enhanced the hepatic functions, showing remarkable decreases in hepatic enzymes, blood urea nitrogen, and glycated hemoglobin. From the human trial with Japanese participants, the policosanol group (n = 26, male 13/female 13) showed a remarkable decrease in alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) from baseline up to 21% (p = 0.041) and 8.7% (p = 0.017), respectively. In contrast, the placebo group (n = 26, male 13/female 13) showed almost no change or slight elevation. The policosanol group showed a 16% decrease in γ-glutamyl transferase (γ-GTP) at week 12 from the baseline (p = 0.015), while the placebo group showed a 1.2% increase. The policosanol group exhibited significantly lower serum alkaline phosphatase (ALP) levels at week 8 (p = 0.012), week 12 (p = 0.012), and after 4-weeks (p = 0.006) compared to those of the placebo group. After 12 weeks of policosanol consumption, the ferric ion reduction ability and paraoxonase of serum were elevated by 37% (p < 0.001) and 29% (p = 0.004) higher than week 0, while placebo consumption showed no notable changes. Interestingly, glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) in serum was lowered significantly in the policosanol group 4 weeks after consumption, which was approximately 2.1% (p = 0.004) lower than the placebo group. In addition, blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and uric acid levels were significantly lower in the policosanol group after 4 weeks: 14% lower (p = 0.002) and 4% lower (p = 0.048) than those of the placebo group, respectively. Repeated measures of ANOVA showed that the policosanol group had remarkable decreases in AST (p = 0.041), ALT (p = 0.008), γ-GTP (p = 0.016), ALP (p = 0.003), HbA1c (p = 0.010), BUN (p = 0.030), and SBP (p = 0.011) from the changes in the placebo group in point of time and group interaction. In conclusion, 12 weeks of 20 mg consumption of policosanol significantly enhanced hepatic protection by lowering the serum AST, ALT, ALP, and γ-GTP via a decrease in glycated hemoglobin, uric acid, and BUN with an elevation of serum antioxidant abilities. These results suggest that improvements in blood pressure by consumption of 20 mg of policosanol (Raydel®) were accompanied by protection of liver function and enhanced kidney function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyung-Hyun Cho
- Raydel Research Institute, Medical Innovation Complex, Daegu 41061, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Eun Kim
- Raydel Research Institute, Medical Innovation Complex, Daegu 41061, Republic of Korea
| | - Tomohiro Komatsu
- Center for Preventive, Anti-Aging and Regenerative Medicine, Fukuoka University Hospital, 8-19-1 Nanakuma, Johnan-ku, Fukuoka 814-0180, Japan
- Faculty of Sports and Health Science, Fukuoka University, 8-19-1 Nanakuma, Johnan-ku, Fukuoka 814-0180, Japan
| | - Yoshinari Uehara
- Center for Preventive, Anti-Aging and Regenerative Medicine, Fukuoka University Hospital, 8-19-1 Nanakuma, Johnan-ku, Fukuoka 814-0180, Japan
- Faculty of Sports and Health Science, Fukuoka University, 8-19-1 Nanakuma, Johnan-ku, Fukuoka 814-0180, Japan
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Gu W, Han T, Sun C. Association of 24 h Behavior Rhythm with Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease among American Adults with Overweight/Obesity. Nutrients 2023; 15:2101. [PMID: 37432228 DOI: 10.3390/nu15092101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Revised: 04/10/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 07/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Emerging evidence suggests that in addition to metabolic, genetic and environmental factors, circadian rhythm also plays a role in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). This study aimed to explore the association of 24 h behavior rhythm (activity-rest and feeding-fasting rhythm) with NAFLD. A total of 4502 adult participants with overweight/obesity from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2011-2014 were included in the current study. The behavior rhythm indices were calculated and divided into quintiles for logistic regression models. Compared to those in the lowest quintile, participants in the highest quintile of relative amplitude (RA) had a lower risk of NAFLD (OR = 0.71, 95% CI, 0.55-0.91); participants in the highest quintile of the average activity of the least active continuous 5 h period (L5) were associated with a higher risk of NAFLD (OR = 1.35, 95% CI, 1.07-1.71). Additionally, participants in the highest quintile of fasting duration and feeding rhythm score were associated with a lower risk of NAFLD relative to those in the lowest quintile (OR = 0.76, 95% CI, 0.59-0.98 for fasting duration, OR = 0.74, 95% CI, 0.58-0.95 for feeding rhythm score). The associations were stronger among participants with obesity. No significant associations were found in the relationship of other behavior rhythm indices with NAFLD. This study indicated a significant association of 24 h behavior rhythm with NAFLD among American adults with overweight/obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenbo Gu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, The National Key Discipline, School of Public Health, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China
| | - Tianshu Han
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, The National Key Discipline, School of Public Health, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China
| | - Changhao Sun
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, The National Key Discipline, School of Public Health, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China
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Lertsakulbunlue S, Mungthin M, Rangsin R, Kantiwong A, Sakboonyarat B. Relationship between triglyceride-glucose index and aminotransferase among Royal Thai Army personnel 2017-2021: a serial cross-sectional study. Lipids Health Dis 2023; 22:47. [PMID: 37013603 PMCID: PMC10069073 DOI: 10.1186/s12944-023-01811-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/31/2023] [Indexed: 04/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Insulin resistance (IR) is a major pathogenesis of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). The triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index has recently gained popularity to assess IR and NAFLD due to its simplicity and low cost. The aim of the current study was to evaluate the relationship between the TyG index and aminotransferase. METHODS A serial cross-sectional study was conducted among 232,235 Royal Thai Army (RTA) personnel aged 35-60 years from 2017-2021. Elevated aminotransferase was defined as ≥ 40 U/L and ≥ 35 U/L among males and females, respectively. A linear regression analysis between the TyG index and log-transformed aminotransferase was performed. High- and low-TyG index groups were divided according to Youden's index cut point for predicting elevated aminotransferase. Multivariable logistic analysis was also utilized to investigate the association between the TyG index and elevated aminotransferase. RESULTS The TyG index revealed a dose‒response relationship with log-transformed aminotransferase in both sexes and all age groups. The TyG index was positively associated with the prevalence of elevated aminotransferases. In comparison with the first TyG quartile (< 8.37), participants in the fourth quartile (> 9.23) had a higher chance for elevated ALT (AOR: 2.81, 95% CI: 2.71-2.90 for males and AOR: 4.01, 95% CI: 3.50-4.60 for females, P < 0.001 for both). In the fourth TyG quartile, the prevalence of elevated ALT was 47.8% and 40.2% in the participants aged 35-44 and male participants, respectively. CONCLUSION A high TyG index is a novel risk factor for elevated aminotransferase among RTA personnel. Those with a high TyG index should be screened for elevated aminotransferase, particularly males aged 35-44 years.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mathirut Mungthin
- Department of Parasitology, Phramongkutklao College of Medicine, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand
| | - Ram Rangsin
- Department of Military and Community Medicine, Phramongkutklao College of Medicine, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand
| | - Anupong Kantiwong
- Department of Pharmacology, Phramongkutklao College of Medicine, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand
| | - Boonsub Sakboonyarat
- Department of Military and Community Medicine, Phramongkutklao College of Medicine, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand.
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Quetglas-Llabrés MM, Monserrat-Mesquida M, Bouzas C, Llompart I, Mateos D, Casares M, Ugarriza L, Martínez JA, Tur JA, Sureda A. Mediterranean Diet Improves Plasma Biomarkers Related to Oxidative Stress and Inflammatory Process in Patients with Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12040833. [PMID: 37107208 PMCID: PMC10134978 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12040833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Revised: 03/24/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) shows liver fat depots without alcohol consumption. NAFLD does not have specific drug therapies, with a healthy lifestyle and weight loss being the main approaches to prevent and treat NAFLD. The aim was to assess the antioxidant and pro-inflammatory state in patients with NAFLD after 12-month-lifestyle intervention depending on the change in adherence to a Mediterranean diet (AMD). Antioxidant and inflammatory biomarkers were measured in 67 adults (aged 40–60 years old) diagnosed with NAFLD. Anthropometric parameters and dietary intake were measured by a validated semi-quantitative 143-item food frequency questionnaire. The nutritional intervention improved anthropometric and biochemical parameters after a 12-month follow-up. However, decreases in alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and C reactive protein (CRP) were higher in participants with high AMD, which also showed higher improvement in physical fitness (Chester step test) and intrahepatic fat contents. The intervention reduced plasma levels of malondialdehyde, myeloperoxidase, zonulin, and omentin, and increased resolvin D1 (RvD1), whereas the decrease in leptin, ectodysplasin-A (EDA), cytokeratin-18 (CK-18), interleukin-1ra (IL-1ra) and endotoxin was only significant in participants with higher AMD. The current study showed that a one-year nutritional intervention improved main NAFLD features such as body mass index, IFC, liver enzymes, and prooxidant and proinflammatory status. There was also a decrease in the concentration of plasmatic endotoxin, suggesting an improvement in intestinal permeability. These health benefits were more evident in participants that improved AMD to a greater extent. The trial was registered at ClinicalTrials.gov with registry number NCT04442620.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Magdalena Quetglas-Llabrés
- Research Group in Community Nutrition and Oxidative Stress, University of the Balearic Islands-IUNICS, 07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain; (M.M.Q.-L.); (M.M.-M.); (C.B.); (I.L.); (D.M.); (L.U.); (A.S.)
- Health Research Institute of Balearic Islands (IdISBa), 07120 Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - Margalida Monserrat-Mesquida
- Research Group in Community Nutrition and Oxidative Stress, University of the Balearic Islands-IUNICS, 07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain; (M.M.Q.-L.); (M.M.-M.); (C.B.); (I.L.); (D.M.); (L.U.); (A.S.)
- Health Research Institute of Balearic Islands (IdISBa), 07120 Palma de Mallorca, Spain
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Cristina Bouzas
- Research Group in Community Nutrition and Oxidative Stress, University of the Balearic Islands-IUNICS, 07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain; (M.M.Q.-L.); (M.M.-M.); (C.B.); (I.L.); (D.M.); (L.U.); (A.S.)
- Health Research Institute of Balearic Islands (IdISBa), 07120 Palma de Mallorca, Spain
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Isabel Llompart
- Research Group in Community Nutrition and Oxidative Stress, University of the Balearic Islands-IUNICS, 07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain; (M.M.Q.-L.); (M.M.-M.); (C.B.); (I.L.); (D.M.); (L.U.); (A.S.)
- Health Research Institute of Balearic Islands (IdISBa), 07120 Palma de Mallorca, Spain
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain;
| | - David Mateos
- Research Group in Community Nutrition and Oxidative Stress, University of the Balearic Islands-IUNICS, 07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain; (M.M.Q.-L.); (M.M.-M.); (C.B.); (I.L.); (D.M.); (L.U.); (A.S.)
- Health Research Institute of Balearic Islands (IdISBa), 07120 Palma de Mallorca, Spain
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Miguel Casares
- Radiodiagnosis Service, Red Asistencial Juaneda, 07011 Palma de Mallorca, Spain;
| | - Lucía Ugarriza
- Research Group in Community Nutrition and Oxidative Stress, University of the Balearic Islands-IUNICS, 07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain; (M.M.Q.-L.); (M.M.-M.); (C.B.); (I.L.); (D.M.); (L.U.); (A.S.)
- Health Research Institute of Balearic Islands (IdISBa), 07120 Palma de Mallorca, Spain
- Clinical Analysis Service, University Hospital Son Espases, 07198 Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - J. Alfredo Martínez
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain;
- Cardiometabolics Precision Nutrition Program, IMDEA Food, CEI UAM-CSIC, 28049 Madrid, Spain
- Department of Nutrition, Food Sciences and Physiology, University of Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Josep A. Tur
- Research Group in Community Nutrition and Oxidative Stress, University of the Balearic Islands-IUNICS, 07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain; (M.M.Q.-L.); (M.M.-M.); (C.B.); (I.L.); (D.M.); (L.U.); (A.S.)
- Health Research Institute of Balearic Islands (IdISBa), 07120 Palma de Mallorca, Spain
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-971-173146; Fax: +34-971-173184
| | - Antoni Sureda
- Research Group in Community Nutrition and Oxidative Stress, University of the Balearic Islands-IUNICS, 07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain; (M.M.Q.-L.); (M.M.-M.); (C.B.); (I.L.); (D.M.); (L.U.); (A.S.)
- Health Research Institute of Balearic Islands (IdISBa), 07120 Palma de Mallorca, Spain
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain;
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1,25-Dihydroxycholecalciferol down-regulates 3-mercaptopyruvate sulfur transferase and caspase-3 in rat model of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. J Mol Histol 2023; 54:119-134. [PMID: 36930413 DOI: 10.1007/s10735-023-10118-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2022] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023]
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the commonest cause of liver morbidity and mortality and has multiple unclear pathogenic mechanisms. Vitamin D deficiency was associated with increased incidence and severity of NAFLD. Increased hepatic expression of 3-mercaptopyruvate sulfur transferase (MPST) and dysregulated hepatocyte apoptosis were involved in NAFLD pathogenesis. We aimed to explore the protective effect of 1,25-Dihydroxycholecalciferol (1,25-(OH)2 D3) against development of NAFLD and the possible underlying mechanisms, regarding hepatic MPST and caspase-3 expression. 60 male adult rats were divided into 4 and 12 week fed groups; each was subdivided into control, high-fat diet (HFD), and HFD + VD. Serum levels of lipid profile parameters, liver enzymes, insulin, glucose, C-reactive protein (CRP), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), and hepatic levels of malondialdehyde (MDA), total antioxidant capacity (TAC), and reactive oxygen species (ROS) were measured. BMI and HOMA-IR were calculated, and liver tissues were processed for histopathological and immunohistochemical studies. The present study found that 1,25-(OH)2 D3 significantly decreased BMI, HOMA-IR, serum levels of glucose, insulin, liver enzymes, lipid profile parameters, CRP, TNF-α, hepatic levels of MDA, ROS, hepatic expression of MPST, TNF-α, 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG), and caspase-3; and significantly increased hepatic TAC in both HFD-fed groups. In conclusion: Administration of 1,25-(OH)2 D3 with HFD abolished the NAFLD changes associated with HFD in 4-week group, and markedly attenuated the changes in 12-week group. The anti-apoptotic effect via decrement of caspase-3 and MPST expression are novel mechanisms suggested to be implicated in the protective effect of 1,25-(OH)2 D3.
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Risk Factors of Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in the Iranian Adult Population: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. HEPATITIS MONTHLY 2023. [DOI: 10.5812/hepatmon-131523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/14/2023]
Abstract
Context: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is progressing considerably worldwide. Identifying the risk factors of NAFLD is a critical step in preventing its progression. Methods: In November 2022, two independent researchers studied seven databases, including PubMed, ISI/WoS, ProQuest, Scopus, SID, Magiran, and Google Scholar, and reference list of relevant articles, searching studies that assessed NAFLD risk factors in the Iranian adult population. Heterogeneity between studies was assessed by Cochran’s test and its composition using I2 statistics. A random-effects model was used when heterogeneity was observed; otherwise, a fixed-effects model was applied. Egger’s regression test and Trim-and-Fill analysis were used to assess publication bias. Comprehensive Meta-analysis software (version 3) was used for the analyses of the present study. Results: The results of this study showed significant associations between NAFLD with age [n = 15, odds ratio (OR) = 2.12, 95% CI: 1.79 - 2.51], body mass index (n = 46, OR = 5.00, 95% CI: 3.34 - 7.49), waist circumference (n = 20, OR = 6.37, 95% CI: 3.25 - 12.48), waist-to-hip ratio (n = 17, OR = 4.72, 95% CI: 3.93 - 5.66), total cholesterol (n = 39, OR = 1.80, 95% CI: 1.52 - 2.13), high-density lipoprotein (n = 37, OR = 0.53, 95% CI: 0.44 - 0.65), low-density lipoprotein (n = 31, OR = 1.68, 95% CI: 1.38 - 2.05), triglyceride (n = 31, OR = 3.21, 95% CI: 2.67 - 3.87), alanine aminotransferase (n = 26, OR = 4.06, 95% CI: 2.94 - 5.62), aspartate aminotransferase (n = 27, OR = 2.16, 95% CI: 1.50 - 3.12), hypertension (n = 13, OR = 2.53, 95% CI: 2.32 - 2.77), systolic blood pressure (n = 13, OR = 1.83, 95% CI: 1.53 - 2.18), diastolic blood pressure (n = 14, OR = 1.80, 95% CI: 1.48 - 2.20), fasting blood sugar (n = 31,OR = 2.91, 95% CI: 2.11- 4.01), homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance (n = 5, OR = 1.92, 95% CI: 1.48 - 2.59), diabetes mellitus (n = 15, OR = 3.04, 95% CI: 2.46 - 3.75), metabolic syndrome (n = 10, OR = 3.56, 95% CI: 2.79 - 4.55), and physical activity (n = 11, OR = 0.32, 95% CI: 0.24 - 0.43) (P < 0.05). Conclusions: In conclusion, several factors are significantly associated with NAFLD. However, anthropometric indices had the strongest relationship with NAFLD in the Iranian adult population.
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Yang JH, Byeon EH, Kang D, Hong SG, Yang J, Kim DR, Yun SP, Park SW, Kim HJ, Huh JW, Kim SY, Kim YW, Lee DK. Fermented Soybean Paste Attenuates Biogenic Amine-Induced Liver Damage in Obese Mice. Cells 2023; 12:cells12050822. [PMID: 36899958 PMCID: PMC10000487 DOI: 10.3390/cells12050822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Revised: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/04/2023] [Indexed: 03/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Biogenic amines are cellular components produced by the decarboxylation of amino acids; however, excessive biogenic amine production causes adverse health problems. The relationship between hepatic damage and biogenic amine levels in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) remains unclear. In this study, mice were fed a high-fat diet (HFD) for 10 weeks to induce obesity, presenting early-stage of NAFLD. We administered histamine (20 mg/kg) + tyramine (100 mg/kg) via oral gavage for 6 days to mice with HFD-induced early-stage NAFLD. The results showed that combined histamine and tyramine administration increased cleaved PARP-1 and IL-1β in the liver, as well as MAO-A, total MAO, CRP, and AST/ALT levels. In contrast, the survival rate decreased in HFD-induced NAFLD mice. Treatment with manufactured or traditional fermented soybean paste decreased biogenically elevated hepatic cleaved PARP-1 and IL-1β expression and blood plasma MAO-A, CRP, and AST/ALT levels in HFD-induced NAFLD mice. Additionally, the biogenic amine-induced reduction in survival rate was alleviated by fermented soybean paste in HFD-induced NAFLD mice. These results show that biogenic amine-induced liver damage can be exacerbated by obesity and may adversely affect life conservation. However, fermented soybean paste can reduce biogenic amine-induced liver damage in NAFLD mice. These results suggest a beneficial effect of fermented soybean paste on biogenic amine-induced liver damage and provide a new research perspective on the relationship between biogenic amines and obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ju-Hwan Yang
- Department of Physiology and Convergence Medical Science, Institute of Health Sciences, Gyeongsang National University Medical School, Jinju 52727, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun-Hye Byeon
- Department of Physiology and Convergence Medical Science, Institute of Health Sciences, Gyeongsang National University Medical School, Jinju 52727, Republic of Korea
| | - Dawon Kang
- Department of Physiology and Convergence Medical Science, Institute of Health Sciences, Gyeongsang National University Medical School, Jinju 52727, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong-Geun Hong
- Department of Physiology and Convergence Medical Science, Institute of Health Sciences, Gyeongsang National University Medical School, Jinju 52727, Republic of Korea
| | - Jinsung Yang
- Department of Biochemistry and Convergence Medical Science, Institute of Health Sciences, Gyeongsang National University Medical School, Jinju 52727, Republic of Korea
| | - Deok-Ryong Kim
- Department of Biochemistry and Convergence Medical Science, Institute of Health Sciences, Gyeongsang National University Medical School, Jinju 52727, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Pil Yun
- Department of Pharmacology and Convergence Medical Science, Institute of Health Sciences, Gyeongsang National University Medical School, Jinju 52727, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Won Park
- Department of Pharmacology and Convergence Medical Science, Institute of Health Sciences, Gyeongsang National University Medical School, Jinju 52727, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun-Joon Kim
- Department of Anatomy and Convergence Medical Science, Institute of Health Sciences, Gyeongsang National University Medical School, Jinju 52727, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Won Huh
- National Primate Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Cheongju 28116, Republic of Korea
| | - So-Yong Kim
- Fermented and Processed Food Science Division, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Wanju-Gun 55365, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Wan Kim
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Korea University, Sejong 30019, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Kun Lee
- Department of Physiology and Convergence Medical Science, Institute of Health Sciences, Gyeongsang National University Medical School, Jinju 52727, Republic of Korea
- Correspondence:
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A healthy lifestyle during adolescence was inversely associated with fatty liver indices in early adulthood: findings from the DONALD cohort study. Br J Nutr 2023; 129:513-522. [PMID: 35492013 DOI: 10.1017/s0007114522001313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
A healthy lifestyle during adolescence is associated with insulin sensitivity or liver enzyme levels and thus might contribute to the prevention of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Therefore, we examined the association between adherence to a hypothesis-based lifestyle score including dietary intake, physical activity, sedentary behaviour, sleep duration and BMI in adolescence and fatty liver indices in early adulthood. Overall, 240 participants of the DOrtmund Nutritional and Anthropometric Longitudinally Designed study completed repeated measurements of lifestyle score factors during adolescence (females: 8·5-15·5 years, males: 9·5-16·5 years). Multivariable linear regression models were used to investigate the association between adolescent lifestyle scores and NAFLD risk (hepatic steatosis index (HSI) and fatty liver index (FLI)) in early adulthood (18-30 years). Participants visited the study centre 4·9 times during adolescence and achieved on average 2·8 (min: 0·6, max: 5) out of five lifestyle score points. Inverse associations were observed between the lifestyle score and fatty liver indices (HSI: ß=-5·8 % (95 % CI -8·3, -3·1), P < 0·0001, FLI: ß=-32·4 % (95 % CI -42·9, -20·0), P < 0·0001) in the overall study population. Sex-stratified analysis confirmed these results in men, while inverse but non-significant associations were observed in women (P > 0·05). A higher lifestyle score was associated with lower HSI and FLI values, suggesting that a healthy lifestyle during adolescence might contribute to NAFLD prevention, predominantly in men. Our findings on repeatedly measured lifestyle scores in adolescents and their association with NAFLD risk in early adulthood warrant confirmation in larger study populations.
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Nugroho FA, Kusumastuty I, Cempaka AR, Latif ANH, Handayani D. The three month's dietary brown rice intervention has not significantly decreased levels of CRP, TNF- α, and IL6 of type 2 diabetes mellitus patients. HEALTHCARE IN LOW-RESOURCE SETTINGS 2023. [DOI: 10.4081/hls.2023.11172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: The increased quantities of inflammatory biomarkers such as C-Reactive Proteins (CRP), Tumour Necrosis Factor-α (TNF-α), and Interleukin-6 (IL-6) have been reported to be associated with an increased risk of metabolic syndrome including type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). However, brown rice is an alternative dietary food source that is known to have many health benefits including high fibre content. In addition to fibre, brown rice is also reported to have moderate amounts of proteins, unsaturated lipids, several minerals, and a lot of bioactive substances that are highly beneficial to health. This study aims to prove the role of brown rice dietary intervention in the reduction of inflammatory biomarkers in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients.
Design and Methods: This was a cross-sectional study with a post-test conducted on 18 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. In the intervention phase I, all type 2 diabetes mellitus patients were given brown rice diet for 3 months and followed by a phase II intervention, in which white rice diet was given to the other group of type 2 diabetes mellitus patients for 3 months. Serum was collected at the end of each intervention stage and then serum for Tumour Necrosis Factor-α, Interleukin-6 and C-Reactive Proteins were analysed by the ELISA method. Statistical analysis of the t-test was conducted in order to determine the differences between the two groups allocated in the study.
Results: At the end of the study, it was found that the levels of C-Reactive Protein, Tumour Necrosis Factor-α, and Interleukin-6 after the brown rice intervention was given to type 2 diabetes mellitus patients, it showed a decreasing trend compared to the white rice intervention although not significantly different (p = 0.6, p = 0.63, p = 0.59, respectively).
Conclusions: This study concluded that the administration of brown rice dietary intervention to patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus for 3 months was able to reduce Tumour Necrosis Factor-α, C-Reactive Proteins, and Interleukin-6 however, the reduction was not significant to influence policy change.
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Alshehri FS, Alorfi NM. Protective role of resveratrol against VCM-induced hepatotoxicity in male wistar rats. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1130670. [PMID: 36825158 PMCID: PMC9941161 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1130670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Vancomycin is a glycopeptide antibiotic with a high risk of acute liver injury. Resveratrol is believed to protect the liver against toxicity. Aim: To investigate the ability of resveratrol to attenuate vancomycin-induced liver toxicity in rats injected with vancomycin. Method: Twenty-four adult male Wistar rats were distributed into three groups. The control group received only a vehicle, while the treated group received either vancomycin 200 (mg/kg, i. p.) only or vancomycin (200 mg/kg, i. p.) with resveratrol (20 mg/kg, oral gavage). All groups received their dose once daily for 7 days. Hepatic damage was assessed by measuring biochemical parameter levels in serum, aspartate transaminase (AST), alanine transaminase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH). Also, antioxidants and inflammation biomarkers such as Interleukin-6 (IL-6), malondialdehyde (MDA), nitric oxide (NO), and glutathione (GSH) were measured. Furthermore, the vancomycin-induced pathological changes in the liver were evaluated by histopathological studies. Results: In the vancomycin-treated group, hepatic serum biomarkers such as AST, ALT, ALP, IL-6, and MDA were elevated, while NO and GSH were depleted. However, resveratrol co-treatment with vancomycin prevented the elevation of AST, ALT, ALP, IL-6, and MDA and it protected the liver from NO and GSH depletion. Also, regarding vancomycin-induced degeneration of hepatocytes, resveratrol co-treatment with vancomycin prevented such degeneration and improved mononuclear cells in the liver. Conclusion: The results showed that oral administration of resveratrol has a significant hepatoprotective effect against vancomycin-induced hepatotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nasser M. Alorfi
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
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Yuan S, Larsson SC. Inverse Association Between Serum 25-Hydroxyvitamin D and Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol 2023; 21:398-405.e4. [PMID: 35101633 DOI: 10.1016/j.cgh.2022.01.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2021] [Revised: 01/12/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [S-25(OH)D] and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) are correlated in many observational studies, whereas the causality of this association is uncertain, especially in European populations. We conducted a bidirectional Mendelian randomization study to determine the association between S-25(OH)D and NAFLD. METHODS Seven and 6 independent genetic variants associated with S-25(OH)D and NAFLD at the genome-wide-significance level, respectively, were selected as instrumental variables. Summary-level data for S-25(OH)D were obtained from the Study of Underlying Genetic Determinants of Vitamin D and Highly Related Traits consortium including 79,366 individuals. Summary-level data for NAFLD were available from a genome-wide association meta-analysis (1483 cases and 17,781 controls), the FinnGen consortium (894 cases and 217,898 controls), and the UK Biobank study (275 cases and 360,919 controls). Summary-level data for 4 liver enzymes were obtained from the UK Biobank. RESULTS There were genetic correlations of S-25(OH)D with NAFLD and certain liver enzymes. Genetically predicted higher levels of S-25(OH)D were consistently associated with a decreased risk of NAFLD in the 3 sources. For a 1-SD increase in genetically predicted S-25(OH)D levels, the combined odds ratio of NAFLD was 0.78 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.69 to 0.89). Genetically predicted higher levels of S-25(OH)D showed a borderline association with aspartate aminotransferase levels (change -1.17; 95% CI, -1.36 to 0.01). Genetic predisposition to NAFLD was not associated with S-25(OH)D (change 0.13; 95% CI, -1.26 to 0.53). CONCLUSIONS Our findings have clinical implications as they suggest that increased vitamin D levels may play a role in NAFLD prevention in European populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Yuan
- Unit of Cardiovascular and Nutritional Epidemiology, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Susanna C Larsson
- Unit of Cardiovascular and Nutritional Epidemiology, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Unit of Medical Epidemiology, Department of Surgical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
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Kumar M, Parchani A, Kant R, Das A. Relationship Between Vitamin D Deficiency and Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: A Cross-Sectional Study From a Tertiary Care Center in Northern India. Cureus 2023; 15:e34921. [PMID: 36938188 PMCID: PMC10015758 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.34921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Vitamin D levels are strongly associated with myocardial infarction, coronary artery disease, heart dysfunction, and even mortality. Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a prevalent hepatic illness whose incidence has grown dramatically over the past several decades. Methodology This observational, cross-sectional study was conducted over 1.5 years (January 2019 to June 2020) at the Department of General Medicine of a tertiary care hospital in northern India on 100 adult patients with NAFLD admitted to the emergency ward, intensive care unit, and medical ward. Results In our study, of the 100 patients, 45.0%, 16.0%, and 39.0% of patients exhibited vitamin D deficiency, insufficiency, and sufficiency, respectively. Vitamin D deficiency was the highest among those aged 41-50 (54.2%) and lowest among those aged 30-40 (29.0%). We observed that vitamin D deficiency was less prevalent in people with a normal body mass index (39.1%) than in those who were overweight (91.7%). There was a significant (p < 0.05) association between the severity of vitamin D deficiency and the presence of hepatomegaly, splenomegaly, and ascites. Overall, the incidence of fatty liver was 49% among patients. There was a significant (p = 0.0001) correlation between fatty liver and serum vitamin D levels. The association between the proportion of patients with fatty liver and the degree of vitamin D deficiency was found to be significant (p = 0.04). The relationship between the distribution of patients according to insulin resistance and the degree of vitamin D deficiency was also statistically significant (p < 0.001). Conclusions Vitamin D deficiency is associated with an increased risk of NAFLD, as well as with the severity of NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manoj Kumar
- Department of General Medicine, Uttar Pradesh University of Medical Sciences, Saifai, IND
| | - Ashwin Parchani
- Department of General Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Rishikesh, Rishikesh, IND
| | - Ravi Kant
- Department of General Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Rishikesh, Rishikesh, IND
| | - Arindam Das
- Department of General Medicine, Uttar Pradesh University of Medical Sciences, Saifai, IND
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28
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Choi YH, Lee JY, Moon KW. Exposure to volatile organic compounds and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons is associated with the risk of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in Korean adolescents: Korea National Environmental Health Survey (KoNEHS) 2015-2017. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2023; 251:114508. [PMID: 36621033 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2023.114508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Revised: 12/22/2022] [Accepted: 01/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is one of the most frequent liver diseases among adolescents. Several animal studies have suggested that volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) increase NAFLD risk. However, few epidemiological studies have confirmed the association between VOCs, PAHs and NAFLD in the general adolescent population. Therefore, we analyzed 798 adolescents from the Korean National Environmental Health Survey (KoNEHS), 2015-2017, to examine the associations of urinary metabolites of VOCs and PAHs with serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) activity and NAFLD prevalence. We performed linear regression, logistic regression, and Bayesian kernel machine regression (BKMR) to evaluate the association of urinary VOCs and PAHs metabolites with ALT levels and NAFLD prevalence. After adjusting for all covariates, urinary benzylmercapturic acid and 2-hydroxyfluorene levels were found to increase ALT activity and NAFLD prevalence. Additionally, the BKMR analyses showed a significantly positive overall effect on ALT activity and NAFLD prevalence with urinary concentrations of VOCs and PAHs metabolites, with 2-hydroxyfluorene as the biggest contributor. Our study suggests that exposure to low-level VOCs and PAHs may have a detrimental effect on NAFLD risk in adolescents. Given the increasing prevalence of NAFLD in adolescents, future cohort studies are confirmed to comprehend the effect of these chemicals on NAFLD risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun-Hee Choi
- Department of Health and Safety Convergence Science, Korea University, Anam-ro 145, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02841, South Korea; BK21 FOUR R&E Center for Learning Health System, Korea University, Anam-ro 145, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02841, South Korea
| | - Ju-Yeon Lee
- Department of Health and Safety Convergence Science, Korea University, Anam-ro 145, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02841, South Korea; BK21 FOUR R&E Center for Learning Health System, Korea University, Anam-ro 145, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02841, South Korea
| | - Kyong Whan Moon
- BK21 FOUR R&E Center for Learning Health System, Korea University, Anam-ro 145, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02841, South Korea; Department of Health and Environmental Science, Korea University, Anam-ro 145, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02841, South Korea.
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29
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Bullón-Vela V, Xu Y, Razquin C, Abete I, Zulet MA, Martínez-González MA, Buil-Corsiales P, Vitelli-Storelli F, Martín Sánchez V, Vazquez-Ruíz Z, Sayón-Orea C, Domínguez-Fernández M, Cid C, Estruch R, Lamuela-Raventós RM, Fitó M, Blanchart G, Babio N, Salas-Salvadó J, Tinahones FJ, Tur JA, Romaguera D, Konieczna J, Pintó X, Daimiel L, Rodriguez-Mateos A, Martínez JA. Health associations of liver enzymes and inflammatory scores with urinary citrus flavonoid metabolites. Food Funct 2023; 14:1011-1023. [PMID: 36562455 PMCID: PMC9870039 DOI: 10.1039/d2fo02846h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Background: Dietary flavonoid intake is associated with a reduced risk of some cardiometabolic disorders, attributed in part to their claimed anti-inflammatory activity. Our aim was to investigate the potential association between specific urine flavonoid metabolites, liver enzymes, and inflammatory status in individuals with metabolic syndrome (MetS). Methods: In this cross-sectional study, clinical and dietary data from 267 participants, aged 55 to 75 years, participating in the PREDIMED Plus study (PREvención con DIeta MEDiterránea) were analyzed. At the baseline, spot urine samples were collected and seven urinary flavonoid metabolites were quantified using ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled to triple quadrupole mass spectrometry (UPLC-Q-q-Q MS). Liver enzymes, inflammatory scores, and urinary flavonoid concentrations were inverse normally transformed. Results: Adjusted linear regression models showed an inverse association between urinary citrus flavanone concentrations and gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT) (all p-values <0.05). Naringenin 7'-GlcUA was significantly associated with a lower aggregate index of systemic inflammation (AISI) (Bper 1SD = -0.14; 95% CI: -0.27 to -0.02; p-value = 0.025) and systemic inflammation index (SII) (Bper 1SD = -0.14; 95% CI: -0.27 to -0.02; p-value = 0.028). To investigate the relationship between flavanone subclasses and GGT levels, we fitted a score of citrus-flavanones, and subjects were stratified into quartiles. The highest values of the citrus-flavanone score (per 1-SD increase) were associated with lower GGT levels (Bper 1SD = -0.41; 95% CI: -0.74 to -0.07), exhibiting a linear trend across quartiles (p-trend = 0.015). Conclusion: This cross-sectional study showed that higher urinary excretion of citrus-flavanone metabolites was associated with lower GGT levels in subjects diagnosed with MetS and obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa Bullón-Vela
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of NavarraPamplonaSpain,Navarra Institute for Health Research (IdiSNA)PamplonaSpain,Department of Nutritional Sciences, School of Life Course and Population Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College LondonLondonUnited Kingdom
| | - Yifan Xu
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, School of Life Course and Population Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College LondonLondonUnited Kingdom
| | - Cristina Razquin
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of NavarraPamplonaSpain,Navarra Institute for Health Research (IdiSNA)PamplonaSpain,Consorcio CIBER, M.P. Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII)MadridSpain
| | - Itziar Abete
- Navarra Institute for Health Research (IdiSNA)PamplonaSpain,Consorcio CIBER, M.P. Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII)MadridSpain,Department of Nutrition, Food Science and Physiology, University of NavarraPamplonaSpain,Center for Nutrition Research, University of NavarraPamplonaSpain
| | - Maria Angeles Zulet
- Navarra Institute for Health Research (IdiSNA)PamplonaSpain,Consorcio CIBER, M.P. Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII)MadridSpain,Department of Nutrition, Food Science and Physiology, University of NavarraPamplonaSpain,Center for Nutrition Research, University of NavarraPamplonaSpain
| | - Miguel A. Martínez-González
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of NavarraPamplonaSpain,Navarra Institute for Health Research (IdiSNA)PamplonaSpain,Consorcio CIBER, M.P. Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII)MadridSpain,Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public HealthBostonMAUSA
| | - Pilar Buil-Corsiales
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of NavarraPamplonaSpain,Navarra Institute for Health Research (IdiSNA)PamplonaSpain
| | | | - Vicente Martín Sánchez
- Institute of Biomedicine (IBIOMED), University of LeónLeónSpain,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII)MadridSpain
| | - Zenaida Vazquez-Ruíz
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of NavarraPamplonaSpain,Consorcio CIBER, M.P. Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII)MadridSpain
| | - Carmen Sayón-Orea
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of NavarraPamplonaSpain,Navarra Institute for Health Research (IdiSNA)PamplonaSpain,Consorcio CIBER, M.P. Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII)MadridSpain
| | - Maite Domínguez-Fernández
- Department of Nutrition, Food Science and Physiology, University of NavarraPamplonaSpain,Center for Nutrition Research, University of NavarraPamplonaSpain
| | - Concepción Cid
- Navarra Institute for Health Research (IdiSNA)PamplonaSpain,Department of Nutrition, Food Science and Physiology, University of NavarraPamplonaSpain,Center for Nutrition Research, University of NavarraPamplonaSpain
| | - Ramon Estruch
- Consorcio CIBER, M.P. Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII)MadridSpain,Department of Internal Medicine, IDIBAPS, Hospital Clinic, University of BarcelonaBarcelonaSpain
| | - Rosa María Lamuela-Raventós
- Consorcio CIBER, M.P. Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII)MadridSpain,Department of Nutrition, Food Sciences and Gastronomy, XaRTA, INSA-UB, School of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, Nutrition and Food Safety Research Institute, University of BarcelonaBarcelonaSpain
| | - Montserrat Fitó
- Consorcio CIBER, M.P. Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII)MadridSpain,Cardiovascular Risk and Nutrition Research Group (CARIN), Hospital del Mar Research Institute (IMIM)BarcelonaSpain
| | - Gemma Blanchart
- Cardiovascular Risk and Nutrition Research Group (CARIN), Hospital del Mar Research Institute (IMIM)BarcelonaSpain
| | - Nancy Babio
- Consorcio CIBER, M.P. Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII)MadridSpain,Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Departament de Bioquímica i Biotecnologia, Unitat de Nutrició HumanaReusTarragonaSpain,Institut d'Investigació Pere Virgili (IISPV), Hospital Universitari Sant Joan de ReusReusSpain
| | - Jordi Salas-Salvadó
- Consorcio CIBER, M.P. Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII)MadridSpain,Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Departament de Bioquímica i Biotecnologia, Unitat de Nutrició HumanaReusTarragonaSpain,Institut d'Investigació Pere Virgili (IISPV), Hospital Universitari Sant Joan de ReusReusSpain
| | - Francisco J. Tinahones
- Consorcio CIBER, M.P. Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII)MadridSpain,Department of Endocrinology, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga-IBIMA, University of Málaga, Virgen de la Victoria HospitalMálagaSpain
| | - Josep A. Tur
- Consorcio CIBER, M.P. Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII)MadridSpain,Research Group on Community Nutrition & Oxidative Stress, University of Balearic Islands-IUNICSPalma de MallorcaSpain
| | - Dora Romaguera
- Consorcio CIBER, M.P. Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII)MadridSpain,Research Group on Nutritional Epidemiology & Cardiovascular Physiopathology (NUTRECOR), Health Research Institute of the Balearic Islands (IdISBa), University Hospital Son Espases (HUSE)Palma de MallorcaSpain
| | - Jadwiga Konieczna
- Consorcio CIBER, M.P. Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII)MadridSpain,Research Group on Nutritional Epidemiology & Cardiovascular Physiopathology (NUTRECOR), Health Research Institute of the Balearic Islands (IdISBa), University Hospital Son Espases (HUSE)Palma de MallorcaSpain
| | - Xavier Pintó
- Consorcio CIBER, M.P. Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII)MadridSpain,Lipids and Vascular Risk Unit, Internal Medicine, Hospital Universitario de Bellvitge, Hospitalet de LlobregatBarcelonaSpain
| | - Lidia Daimiel
- Nutritional Control of the Epigenome Group, Precision Nutrition and Obesity Program, IMDEA Food, CEI UAM+ CSICMadridSpain
| | - Ana Rodriguez-Mateos
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, School of Life Course and Population Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College LondonLondonUnited Kingdom
| | - José Alfredo Martínez
- Navarra Institute for Health Research (IdiSNA)PamplonaSpain,Consorcio CIBER, M.P. Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII)MadridSpain,Department of Nutrition, Food Science and Physiology, University of NavarraPamplonaSpain,Center for Nutrition Research, University of NavarraPamplonaSpain,Cardiometabolic Nutrition Group, Precision Nutrition and Cardiovascular Health Program, IMDEA Food, CEI UAM+ CSICMadridSpain
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30
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Ezpeleta M, Gabel K, Cienfuegos S, Kalam F, Lin S, Pavlou V, Song Z, Haus JM, Koppe S, Alexandria SJ, Tussing-Humphreys L, Varady KA. Effect of alternate day fasting combined with aerobic exercise on non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: A randomized controlled trial. Cell Metab 2023; 35:56-70.e3. [PMID: 36549296 PMCID: PMC9812925 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2022.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 43.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2022] [Revised: 09/20/2022] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Innovative non-pharmacological lifestyle strategies to treat non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) are critically needed. This study compared the effects of alternate day fasting (ADF) combined with exercise to fasting alone, or exercise alone, on intrahepatic triglyceride (IHTG) content. Adults with obesity and NAFLD (n = 80, 81% female, age: 23-65 years) were randomized to 1 of 4 groups for 3 months: combination of ADF (600 kcal/2,500 kJ "fast day" alternated with an ad libitum intake "feast day") and moderate-intensity aerobic exercise (5 session per week, 60 min/session); ADF alone; exercise alone; or a no-intervention control group. By month 3, IHTG content was significantly reduced in the combination group (-5.48%; 95% CI, -7.77% to -3.18%), compared with the exercise group (-1.30%; 95% CI, -3.80% to 1.20%; p = 0.02) and the control group (-0.17%; 95% CI, -2.17% to 1.83%; p < 0.01) but was not significantly different versus the ADF group (-2.25%; 95% CI, -4.46% to -0.04%; p = 0.05). Body weight, fat mass, waist circumference, and alanine transaminase (ALT) levels significantly decreased, while insulin sensitivity significantly increased in the combination group compared with the control group. Lean mass, aspartate transaminase (AST), HbA1c, blood pressure, plasma lipids, liver fibrosis score, and hepatokines (fetuin-A, FGF-21, and selenoprotein P) did not differ between groups. Combining intermittent fasting with exercise is effective for reducing hepatic steatosis in patients with NAFLD but may offer no additional benefit versus fasting alone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark Ezpeleta
- Department of Kinesiology and Nutrition, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Kelsey Gabel
- Department of Kinesiology and Nutrition, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Sofia Cienfuegos
- Department of Kinesiology and Nutrition, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Faiza Kalam
- Department of Kinesiology and Nutrition, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Shuhao Lin
- Department of Kinesiology and Nutrition, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Vasiliki Pavlou
- Department of Kinesiology and Nutrition, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Zhenyuan Song
- Department of Kinesiology and Nutrition, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Jacob M Haus
- School of Kinesiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Sean Koppe
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Shaina J Alexandria
- Department of Preventative Medicine (Biostatistics), Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Lisa Tussing-Humphreys
- Department of Kinesiology and Nutrition, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Krista A Varady
- Department of Kinesiology and Nutrition, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.
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Kempf E, Landgraf K, Vogel T, Spielau U, Stein R, Raschpichler M, Kratzsch J, Kiess W, Stanik J, Körner A. Associations of GHR, IGF-1 and IGFBP-3 expression in adipose tissue cells with obesity-related alterations in corresponding circulating levels and adipose tissue function in children. Adipocyte 2022; 11:630-642. [PMID: 36384443 PMCID: PMC9683049 DOI: 10.1080/21623945.2022.2148886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Components of the growth hormone (GH) axis, such as insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1), IGF-1 binding protein-3 (IGFBP-3), GH receptor (GHR) and GH-binding protein (GHBP), regulate growth and metabolic pathways. Here, we asked if serum levels of these factors are altered with overweight/obesity and if this is related to adipose tissue (AT) expression and/or increased fat mass. Furthermore, we hypothesized that expression of GHR, IGF-1 and IGFBP-3 is associated with AT function. Serum GHBP levels were increased in children with overweight/obesity throughout childhood, while for IGF-1 levels and the IGF-1/IGFBP-3 molar ratio obesity-related elevations were detectable until early puberty. Circulating levels did not correlate with AT expression of these factors, which was decreased with overweight/obesity. Independent from obesity, expression of GHR, IGF-1 and IGFBP-3 was related to AT dysfunction,and increased insulin levels. Serum GHBP was associated with liver fat percentage and transaminase levels. We conclude that obesity-related elevations in serum GHBP and IGF-1 are unlikely to be caused by increased AT mass and elevations in GHBP are more closely related to liver status in children. The diminished AT expression of these factors with childhood obesity may contribute to early AT dysfunction and a deterioration of the metabolic state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Kempf
- University of Leipzig, Medical Faculty, University Hospital for Children and Adolescents, Center for Pediatric Research, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Kathrin Landgraf
- University of Leipzig, Medical Faculty, University Hospital for Children and Adolescents, Center for Pediatric Research, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Tim Vogel
- University of Leipzig, Medical Faculty, University Hospital for Children and Adolescents, Center for Pediatric Research, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Ulrike Spielau
- University of Leipzig, Medical Faculty, University Hospital for Children and Adolescents, Center for Pediatric Research, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Robert Stein
- University of Leipzig, Medical Faculty, University Hospital for Children and Adolescents, Center for Pediatric Research, Leipzig, Germany,Helmholtz Institute for Metabolic, Obesity and Vascular Research (HI-MAG) of the Helmholtz Zentrum München at the University of Leipzig and University Hospital Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Matthias Raschpichler
- Medical Faculty, Department of Paediatric Radiology, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Jürgen Kratzsch
- University of Leipzig, Medical Faculty, Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Clinical Chemistry and Molecular Diagnostics, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Wieland Kiess
- University of Leipzig, Medical Faculty, University Hospital for Children and Adolescents, Center for Pediatric Research, Leipzig, Germany,University of Leipzig, Medical Faculty, LIFE–Leipzig Research Center for Civilization Diseases, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Juraj Stanik
- University of Leipzig, Medical Faculty, University Hospital for Children and Adolescents, Center for Pediatric Research, Leipzig, Germany,Comenius University, Medical Faculty and National Institute of Children’s Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Limbova 1, 83340 Bratislava, Slovakia, and Slovak Academy of Sciences, Biomedical Research Center, Institute of Experimental Endocrinology, DIABGENE Laboratory, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Antje Körner
- University of Leipzig, Medical Faculty, University Hospital for Children and Adolescents, Center for Pediatric Research, Leipzig, Germany,Helmholtz Institute for Metabolic, Obesity and Vascular Research (HI-MAG) of the Helmholtz Zentrum München at the University of Leipzig and University Hospital Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany,University of Leipzig, Medical Faculty, LIFE–Leipzig Research Center for Civilization Diseases, Leipzig, Germany,CONTACT Antje Körner Center for Pediatric Research, Hospital for Children & Adolescents, University of Leipzig, Liebigstr. 19, Leipzig04103, Germany
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32
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Čolak D, Cmok Kučič A, Pintar T, Gašperšič R. Periodontal Therapy in Bariatric Surgery Patients with Periodontitis: Randomized Control Clinical Trial. J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11226837. [PMID: 36431314 PMCID: PMC9693218 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11226837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Revised: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Bariatric surgery (BS) patients may experience the progression of periodontitis during recovery. We aimed to determine whether non-surgical periodontal therapy before BS improves the periodontal and systemic health parameters after the surgery. Methods: BS candidates with periodontitis were randomized into the test (TG) and control group (CG). One month before BS (pre-BS), patients in the TG (n = 15) received non-surgical periodontal therapy, while patients in the CG (n = 15) received only mechanical plaque removal. Patients were re-examined 3 and 6 months after BS. Differences between the TG and CG in clinical periodontal parameters, systemic health-related serum biomarkers, parameters of obesity, and prevalence of obesity-related diseases were evaluated. Results: From the 30 included patients, 26 were re-examined at 3 months and 20 patients at 6 months. Periodontal parameters bleeding on probing (p = 0.015), periodontal pocket dept (PPD, p = 0.0015), % PPD > 4 mm (p < 0.001), and full-mouth plaque levels (p = 0.002) were lower in the TG than in the CG at 6 months after BS. There is a general improvement in systemic health after BS without significant differences (p > 0.05) between the TG and CG at the 6-month follow-up. The TG shows a tendency for improvement in metabolic syndrome components at the 6-month follow-up compared to pre-BS (p < 0.05). Conclusions: Non-surgical periodontal therapy in periodontitis patients before the BS may improve periodontal health 3 and 6 months after the surgery. The possible benefits of periodontal therapy on the overall health of BS patients should be further explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dejana Čolak
- Department of Oral Diseases and Periodontology, Dental Clinic, University Medical Centre Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
- Correspondence:
| | - Alja Cmok Kučič
- Department of Oral Diseases and Periodontology, Dental Clinic, University Medical Centre Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Tadeja Pintar
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
- Department of Abdominal Surgery, University Medical Centre Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Rok Gašperšič
- Department of Oral Diseases and Periodontology, Dental Clinic, University Medical Centre Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
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Ziomber-Lisiak A, Piana K, Ostachowicz B, Wróbel P, Kasprzyk P, Kaszuba-Zwoińska J, Baranowska-Chowaniec A, Juszczak K, Szczerbowska-Boruchowska M. The New Markers of Early Obesity-Related Organ and Metabolic Abnormalities. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:13437. [PMID: 36362225 PMCID: PMC9658002 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232113437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2022] [Revised: 10/19/2022] [Accepted: 10/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2023] Open
Abstract
The objective of our study was to identify new markers related to excessive body adiposity and its early consequences. For this purpose we determined serum FGF-19 and FGF-21 concentrations in obese rats, whose role in the pathogenesis of obesity is not yet established. In addition, a total reflection X-ray fluorescence technique was applied to determine the elemental chemistry of certain tissues affected by obesity. Next, the new biochemical and molecular parameters were correlated with well-known obesity-related markers of metabolic abnormalities. Our obese rats were characterized by increased calorie consumption and body adiposity, hypercholesterolemia, elevated levels of liver enzymes and FGF-21, while the level of FGF-19 was reduced. Strong relationships between new hormones and established metabolic parameters were observed. Furthermore, we demonstrated that obesity had the greatest effect on elemental composition in the adipose tissue and liver and that rubidium (Rb) had the highest importance in distinguishing the studied groups of animals. Tissue Rb strongly correlated with both well-known and new markers of obesity. In conclusion, we confirmed serum FGF-19 and FGF-21 as useful new markers of obesity-related metabolic alternations and we robustly propose Rb as a novel indicator of excessive body adiposity and its early consequences. However, further investigations are encouraged to address this clinical issue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agata Ziomber-Lisiak
- Chair of Pathophysiology, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, ul. Czysta 18, 31-121 Krakow, Poland
| | - Kaja Piana
- Faculty of Physics and Applied Computer Science, AGH University of Science and Technology, Al. Mickiewicza 30, 30-059 Krakow, Poland
| | - Beata Ostachowicz
- Faculty of Physics and Applied Computer Science, AGH University of Science and Technology, Al. Mickiewicza 30, 30-059 Krakow, Poland
| | - Paweł Wróbel
- Faculty of Physics and Applied Computer Science, AGH University of Science and Technology, Al. Mickiewicza 30, 30-059 Krakow, Poland
| | - Paula Kasprzyk
- Faculty of Physics and Applied Computer Science, AGH University of Science and Technology, Al. Mickiewicza 30, 30-059 Krakow, Poland
| | - Jolanta Kaszuba-Zwoińska
- Chair of Pathophysiology, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, ul. Czysta 18, 31-121 Krakow, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Baranowska-Chowaniec
- Chair of Pathophysiology, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, ul. Czysta 18, 31-121 Krakow, Poland
| | - Kajetan Juszczak
- Department of Urology and Andrology, Collegium Medicum, Nicolaus Copernicus University, ul. M. Curie Skłodowskiej 9, 85-094 Bydgoszcz, Poland
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Pralle RS, Holdorf HT, Caputo Oliveira R, Seely CR, Kendall SJ, White HM. Prediction of Liver Triglyceride Content in Early Lactation Multiparous Holstein Cows Using Blood Metabolite, Mineral, and Protein Biomarker Concentrations. Animals (Basel) 2022; 12:ani12192556. [PMID: 36230297 PMCID: PMC9558982 DOI: 10.3390/ani12192556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Revised: 09/12/2022] [Accepted: 09/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Bovine fatty liver syndrome (bFLS) is difficult to diagnose because a liver tissue biopsy is required to assess liver triglyceride (TG) content. We hypothesized that a blood biomarker panel could be a convenient alternative method of liver TG content assessment and bFLS diagnosis. Our objectives were to predict liver TG using blood biomarker concentrations across days in milk (DIM; longitudinal, LT) or at a single timepoint (ST; 3, 7, or 14 DIM), as well as different biomarker combination based on their perceived accessibility. Data from two separate experiments (n = 65 cows) was used for model training and validation. Response variables were based on the maximum liver TG observed in 1 and 14 DIM liver biopsies: Max TG (continuous), Low TG (TG > 13.3% dry matter; DM), Median TG (TG > 17.1% DM), and High TG (TG > 22.0% DM). Model performance varied but High TG was well predicted by sparse partial least squares—discriminate analysis models using LT and ST data, achieving balanced error rates ≤ 15.4% for several model variations during cross-validation. In conclusion, blood biomarker panels using 7 DIM, 14 DIM, or LT data may be a useful diagnostic tool for bFLS in research and field settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan S. Pralle
- School of Agriculture, University of Wisconsin-Platteville, Platteville, WI 53818, USA
- Department of Animal and Dairy Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-608-342-1244
| | - Henry T. Holdorf
- Department of Animal and Dairy Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Rafael Caputo Oliveira
- Department of Animal and Dairy Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Claira R. Seely
- Department of Animal and Dairy Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Sophia J. Kendall
- Department of Animal and Dairy Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Heather M. White
- Department of Animal and Dairy Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
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Gabbia D, Roverso M, Zanotto I, Colognesi M, Sayaf K, Sarcognato S, Arcidiacono D, Zaramella A, Realdon S, Ferri N, Guido M, Russo FP, Bogialli S, Carrara M, De Martin S. A Nutraceutical Formulation Containing Brown Algae Reduces Hepatic Lipid Accumulation by Modulating Lipid Metabolism and Inflammation in Experimental Models of NAFLD and NASH. Mar Drugs 2022; 20:572. [PMID: 36135761 PMCID: PMC9501409 DOI: 10.3390/md20090572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2022] [Revised: 08/30/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Recently, some preclinical and clinical studies have demonstrated the ability of brown seaweeds in reducing the risk factors for metabolic syndrome. Here, we analyzed the beneficial effect of a nutraceutical formulation containing a phytocomplex extracted from seaweeds and chromium picolinate in animal models of liver steatosis of differing severities (rats with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and its complication, non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH)). This treatment led to a significant drop in hepatic fat deposition in both models (p < 0.01 vs. untreated animals), accompanied by a reduction in plasma inflammatory cytokines, such as interleukin 6, tumor necrosis factor α, and C reactive protein, and myeloperoxidase expression in liver tissue. Furthermore, a modulation of the molecular pathways involved in lipid metabolism and storage was demonstrated, since we observed the significant reduction of the mRNA levels of fatty acid synthase, diacylglycerol acyltransferases, the sterol-binding protein SREBP-1, and the lipid transporter perilipin-2, in both treated NAFLD and NASH rats in comparison to untreated ones. In conclusion, this nutraceutical product was effective in reducing liver steatosis and showed further beneficial effects on hepatic inflammation and glycemic control, which were particularly evident in rats characterized by a more severe condition, thus representing a therapeutic option for the treatment of NAFLD and NASH patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Gabbia
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Marco Roverso
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Ilaria Zanotto
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Martina Colognesi
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Katia Sayaf
- Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Samantha Sarcognato
- Department of Pathology, Azienda ULSS2 Marca Trevigiana, 31100 Treviso, Italy
| | - Diletta Arcidiacono
- Gastroenterology Unit, Veneto Institute of Oncology IOV-IRCCS, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Alice Zaramella
- Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy
- Gastroenterology Unit, Veneto Institute of Oncology IOV-IRCCS, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Stefano Realdon
- Gastroenterology Unit, Veneto Institute of Oncology IOV-IRCCS, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Nicola Ferri
- Department of Medicine, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Maria Guido
- Department of Pathology, Azienda ULSS2 Marca Trevigiana, 31100 Treviso, Italy
- Department of Medicine, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Francesco Paolo Russo
- Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Sara Bogialli
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Maria Carrara
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Sara De Martin
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy
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Jitrukthai S, Kositamongkol C, Boonchai P, Mepramoon E, Ariyakunaphan P, Nimitpunya P, Srivanichakorn W, Chaisathaphol T, Washirasaksiri C, Auesomwang C, Sitasuwan T, Tinmanee R, Sayabovorn N, Charatcharoenwitthaya P, Phisalprapa P. Long-Term Outcomes Associated with NAFLD, ASCVD, and All-Cause Mortality of Patients with Metabolic Syndrome. J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11154627. [PMID: 35956240 PMCID: PMC9370024 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11154627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2022] [Revised: 07/28/2022] [Accepted: 08/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Metabolic syndrome (MetS) patients are at higher risk for nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases (ASCVD), and death. Given a lack of longitudinal data on patients with MetS in Southeast Asia, this study investigated the incidence of NAFLD and ASCVD and the all-cause mortality rate during a 10-year follow-up of Thai patients with MetS. Retrospective data were collected on 496 MetS patients with ultrasonography or transient elastography results. The patients had been followed up continuously by a university hospital between October 2011 and November 2021, and their mean age was 61.0 ± 10.9 years. Patients with secondary causes of hepatic steatosis were excluded. Cox proportional hazards regression models with time-varying covariates were adopted. During the 10-year follow-up, 17 patients (11.2%) developed NAFLD, and 27 (6.4%) developed ASCVD. The NAFLD and ASCVD incidence rates were 21.7 and 10.9 events per 1000 person years, respectively. The mortality rate was 14.2 deaths per 1000 person years. The prevalence of hypertension, dyslipidemia, ASCVD, NAFLD, advanced fibrosis, and cirrhosis at baseline was significantly higher in the nonsurvival group. The NAFLD incidence and mortality rate of patients with MetS were lower than those in previous studies. Intensive, holistic, and continuous care should be considered for better outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suchanart Jitrukthai
- Division of Ambulatory Medicine, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10700, Thailand
| | - Chayanis Kositamongkol
- Division of Ambulatory Medicine, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10700, Thailand
| | - Punyisa Boonchai
- Division of Ambulatory Medicine, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10700, Thailand
| | - Euarat Mepramoon
- Division of Ambulatory Medicine, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10700, Thailand
| | - Pinyapat Ariyakunaphan
- Division of Ambulatory Medicine, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10700, Thailand
| | - Pongpol Nimitpunya
- Division of Ambulatory Medicine, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10700, Thailand
| | - Weerachai Srivanichakorn
- Division of Ambulatory Medicine, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10700, Thailand
| | - Thanet Chaisathaphol
- Division of Ambulatory Medicine, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10700, Thailand
| | - Chaiwat Washirasaksiri
- Division of Ambulatory Medicine, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10700, Thailand
| | - Chonticha Auesomwang
- Division of Ambulatory Medicine, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10700, Thailand
| | - Tullaya Sitasuwan
- Division of Ambulatory Medicine, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10700, Thailand
| | - Rungsima Tinmanee
- Division of Ambulatory Medicine, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10700, Thailand
| | - Naruemit Sayabovorn
- Division of Ambulatory Medicine, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10700, Thailand
| | - Phunchai Charatcharoenwitthaya
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10700, Thailand
| | - Pochamana Phisalprapa
- Division of Ambulatory Medicine, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10700, Thailand
- Correspondence: ; Tel./Fax: +66-2-419-7190
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Metformin Improves the Hepatic Steatosis Index in Non-Obese Patients with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome. J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11154294. [PMID: 35893386 PMCID: PMC9331742 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11154294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2022] [Revised: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a common yet little recognized health problem in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). In a retrospective setting, we investigated the effects of metformin treatment on the hepatic steatosis index (HSI) as a readily available biomarker panel for NAFLD. HSI values of >36 are considered to be highly suggestive for NAFLD. In our cohort, HSI values indicating NAFLD were found in 60/81 (74.1%) women at baseline. The mean HSI improved significantly after the metformin treatment from 43.2 ± 1.0 to 41.0 ± 1.1. Subgroup analyses of non-obese (body mass index (BMI) < 30 kg/m2), obese (BMI 30−35 kg/m2) and very obese (BMI > 35 kg/m2) women yielded mean baseline HSI values of 35.5 ± 4.5, 41.2 ± 2.7 and 51.2 ± 4.7, respectively. A significant improvement in the HSI of 1.5 ± 2.1 was observed after metformin treatment in non-obese women but not in the obese subgroups. The data suggest a new aspect of metformin treatment in non-obese PCOS patients, namely, a possible improvement in NAFLD. This study highlighted hepatic steatosis as a common comorbidity in PCOS patients that can severely affect their long-term health, and therefore, deserves more attention in the management of PCOS patients.
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Jing W, Jiang M, Fu X, Yang J, Chen L, Leng F, Xu P, Huang W, Yu C, Yang Z. Self-assembly drug-albumin nanocomposites for nonalcoholic fatty liver disease treatment. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 214:697-707. [PMID: 35777511 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.06.167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2022] [Revised: 06/10/2022] [Accepted: 06/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a chronic metabolic liver disease closely related to obesity, which has become a global health problem. However, current pharmacological therapies for NAFLD are limited by potential side effects, low effectiveness and poor aqueous solubility. Herein, we designed functionalized drug-albumin nanocomposites (BAM15@BSA NPs), which were prepared by self-assembly of the anti-obesity small-molecule drug (BAM15) and bovine serum albumin (BSA), for treatment of NAFLD. The proposed BAM15@BSA NPs not only improve aqueous solubility and half-life of BAM15 but also exhibit hepatic-targeted capacity and an increased therapeutic efficacy. In vitro experiments revealed that BAM15@BSA NPs possessed excellent biocompatibility, and improved resistance to adipogenesis and reduced lipid accumulation in human hepatocellular carcinoma cells. In vivo, BAM15@BSA NPs showed liver targeting ability and powerful anti-obesity effects without altering body temperature or affecting food intake, and could effectively alleviate hepatic steatosis and improve therapeutic efficacy for NAFLD treatment. The above findings demonstrated that BAM15@BSA NPs potentially served as a safe and effective drug for NAFLD treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weihong Jing
- Chongqing Key Laboratory for Pharmaceutical Metabolism Research, Chongqing Pharmacodynamic Evaluation Engineering Technology Research Center, College of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, PR China
| | - Mingyue Jiang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory for Pharmaceutical Metabolism Research, Chongqing Pharmacodynamic Evaluation Engineering Technology Research Center, College of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, PR China
| | - Xiaoxue Fu
- Chongqing Key Laboratory for Pharmaceutical Metabolism Research, Chongqing Pharmacodynamic Evaluation Engineering Technology Research Center, College of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, PR China
| | - Jiaxin Yang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory for Pharmaceutical Metabolism Research, Chongqing Pharmacodynamic Evaluation Engineering Technology Research Center, College of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, PR China
| | - Lu Chen
- Chongqing Key Laboratory for Pharmaceutical Metabolism Research, Chongqing Pharmacodynamic Evaluation Engineering Technology Research Center, College of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, PR China
| | - Feng Leng
- Chongqing Key Laboratory for Pharmaceutical Metabolism Research, Chongqing Pharmacodynamic Evaluation Engineering Technology Research Center, College of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, PR China
| | - Ping Xu
- Chongqing Key Laboratory for Pharmaceutical Metabolism Research, Chongqing Pharmacodynamic Evaluation Engineering Technology Research Center, College of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, PR China
| | - Wenyan Huang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory for Pharmaceutical Metabolism Research, Chongqing Pharmacodynamic Evaluation Engineering Technology Research Center, College of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, PR China
| | - Chao Yu
- Chongqing Key Laboratory for Pharmaceutical Metabolism Research, Chongqing Pharmacodynamic Evaluation Engineering Technology Research Center, College of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, PR China.
| | - Zhangyou Yang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory for Pharmaceutical Metabolism Research, Chongqing Pharmacodynamic Evaluation Engineering Technology Research Center, College of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, PR China.
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NAFLD: Mechanisms, Treatments, and Biomarkers. Biomolecules 2022; 12:biom12060824. [PMID: 35740949 PMCID: PMC9221336 DOI: 10.3390/biom12060824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 48.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2022] [Revised: 05/31/2022] [Accepted: 06/02/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), recently renamed metabolic-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD), is one of the most common causes of liver diseases worldwide. NAFLD is growing in parallel with the obesity epidemic. No pharmacological treatment is available to treat NAFLD, specifically. The reason might be that NAFLD is a multi-factorial disease with an incomplete understanding of the mechanisms involved, an absence of accurate and inexpensive imaging tools, and lack of adequate non-invasive biomarkers. NAFLD consists of the accumulation of excess lipids in the liver, causing lipotoxicity that might progress to metabolic-associated steatohepatitis (NASH), liver fibrosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma. The mechanisms for the pathogenesis of NAFLD, current interventions in the management of the disease, and the role of sirtuins as potential targets for treatment are discussed here. In addition, the current diagnostic tools, and the role of non-coding RNAs as emerging diagnostic biomarkers are summarized. The availability of non-invasive biomarkers, and accurate and inexpensive non-invasive diagnosis tools are crucial in the detection of the early signs in the progression of NAFLD. This will expedite clinical trials and the validation of the emerging therapeutic treatments.
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40
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Anti-Obesity Effect of Dyglomera® Is Associated with Activation of the AMPK Signaling Pathway in 3T3-L1 Adipocytes and Mice with High-Fat Diet-Induced Obesity. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27103288. [PMID: 35630765 PMCID: PMC9143725 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27103288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2022] [Revised: 05/19/2022] [Accepted: 05/19/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Dyglomera® is an aqueous ethanol extract of the fruit pods of Dichrostachys glomerata, a Cameroonian spice. Several studies have shown its anti-diabetic and anti-obesity effects. However, the underlying mechanisms for such effects remain unclear. Thus, the objective of this study was to investigate the anti-obesity effect of Dyglomera® and its underlying mechanisms in mice with high-fat diet-induced obesity and 3T3-L1 adipocytes. Our results revealed that Dyglomera® inhibited adipogenesis and lipogenesis by regulating AMPK phosphorylation in white adipose tissues (WATs) and 3T3-L1 adipocytes and promoted lipolysis by increasing the expression of lipolysis-related proteins. These results suggest that Dyglomera® can be used as an effective dietary supplement for treating obesity due to its modulating effect on adipogenesis/lipogenesis and lipolysis.
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41
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Boonchai P, Kositamongkol C, Jitrukthai S, Phothirat S, Mepramoon E, Nimitpunya P, Srivanichakorn W, Chaisathaphol T, Washirasaksiri C, Auesomwang C, Sitasuwan T, Tinmanee R, Sayabovorn N, Charatcharoenwitthaya P, Phisalprapa P. Clinical Differences and Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease-Related Factors of Lean and Non-Lean Patients with Metabolic Syndrome. J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11092445. [PMID: 35566571 PMCID: PMC9103281 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11092445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2022] [Revised: 04/19/2022] [Accepted: 04/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
This study investigated differences in the clinical data and prevalence of lean and non-lean patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and metabolic syndrome (MetS). Data on patients with MetS who had results of ultrasonography or transient elastography were collected from a Thai university hospital database. Patients with exclusion criteria for NAFLD diagnosis were excluded. Patients’ clinical characteristic and the performances of three non-invasive scoring systems (fatty liver index [FLI], fibrosis-4 [FIB-4] index, and NAFLD fibrosis score [NFS]) were evaluated. The 743 subjects were classified into two groups: lean MetS (131 patients) and non-lean MetS (612 patients). The NAFLD prevalence in the non-lean group (62.6%) was higher than that in the lean group (31.3%). The age-adjusted odds ratio was 3.43. Advanced fibrosis was detected in 7.6% of lean patients and 10.8% of non-lean patients. FLI was not sensitive enough to detect NAFLD in the lean group at a high cutoff, but it performed acceptably at a low cutoff. FIB-4 performed better than NFS in determining advanced fibrosis. NAFLD was more common in non-lean than lean patients. Lean patients with MetS had a relatively higher risk of NAFLD than the general population. FLI and FIB-4 index performed acceptably in both groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Punyisa Boonchai
- Division of Ambulatory Medicine, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10700, Thailand; (P.B.); (C.K.); (S.J.); (S.P.); (E.M.); (P.N.); (W.S.); (T.C.); (C.W.); (C.A.); (T.S.); (R.T.); (N.S.)
| | - Chayanis Kositamongkol
- Division of Ambulatory Medicine, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10700, Thailand; (P.B.); (C.K.); (S.J.); (S.P.); (E.M.); (P.N.); (W.S.); (T.C.); (C.W.); (C.A.); (T.S.); (R.T.); (N.S.)
| | - Suchanart Jitrukthai
- Division of Ambulatory Medicine, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10700, Thailand; (P.B.); (C.K.); (S.J.); (S.P.); (E.M.); (P.N.); (W.S.); (T.C.); (C.W.); (C.A.); (T.S.); (R.T.); (N.S.)
| | - Sukumal Phothirat
- Division of Ambulatory Medicine, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10700, Thailand; (P.B.); (C.K.); (S.J.); (S.P.); (E.M.); (P.N.); (W.S.); (T.C.); (C.W.); (C.A.); (T.S.); (R.T.); (N.S.)
| | - Euarat Mepramoon
- Division of Ambulatory Medicine, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10700, Thailand; (P.B.); (C.K.); (S.J.); (S.P.); (E.M.); (P.N.); (W.S.); (T.C.); (C.W.); (C.A.); (T.S.); (R.T.); (N.S.)
| | - Pongpol Nimitpunya
- Division of Ambulatory Medicine, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10700, Thailand; (P.B.); (C.K.); (S.J.); (S.P.); (E.M.); (P.N.); (W.S.); (T.C.); (C.W.); (C.A.); (T.S.); (R.T.); (N.S.)
| | - Weerachai Srivanichakorn
- Division of Ambulatory Medicine, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10700, Thailand; (P.B.); (C.K.); (S.J.); (S.P.); (E.M.); (P.N.); (W.S.); (T.C.); (C.W.); (C.A.); (T.S.); (R.T.); (N.S.)
| | - Thanet Chaisathaphol
- Division of Ambulatory Medicine, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10700, Thailand; (P.B.); (C.K.); (S.J.); (S.P.); (E.M.); (P.N.); (W.S.); (T.C.); (C.W.); (C.A.); (T.S.); (R.T.); (N.S.)
| | - Chaiwat Washirasaksiri
- Division of Ambulatory Medicine, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10700, Thailand; (P.B.); (C.K.); (S.J.); (S.P.); (E.M.); (P.N.); (W.S.); (T.C.); (C.W.); (C.A.); (T.S.); (R.T.); (N.S.)
| | - Chonticha Auesomwang
- Division of Ambulatory Medicine, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10700, Thailand; (P.B.); (C.K.); (S.J.); (S.P.); (E.M.); (P.N.); (W.S.); (T.C.); (C.W.); (C.A.); (T.S.); (R.T.); (N.S.)
| | - Tullaya Sitasuwan
- Division of Ambulatory Medicine, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10700, Thailand; (P.B.); (C.K.); (S.J.); (S.P.); (E.M.); (P.N.); (W.S.); (T.C.); (C.W.); (C.A.); (T.S.); (R.T.); (N.S.)
| | - Rungsima Tinmanee
- Division of Ambulatory Medicine, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10700, Thailand; (P.B.); (C.K.); (S.J.); (S.P.); (E.M.); (P.N.); (W.S.); (T.C.); (C.W.); (C.A.); (T.S.); (R.T.); (N.S.)
| | - Naruemit Sayabovorn
- Division of Ambulatory Medicine, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10700, Thailand; (P.B.); (C.K.); (S.J.); (S.P.); (E.M.); (P.N.); (W.S.); (T.C.); (C.W.); (C.A.); (T.S.); (R.T.); (N.S.)
| | - Phunchai Charatcharoenwitthaya
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10700, Thailand;
| | - Pochamana Phisalprapa
- Division of Ambulatory Medicine, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10700, Thailand; (P.B.); (C.K.); (S.J.); (S.P.); (E.M.); (P.N.); (W.S.); (T.C.); (C.W.); (C.A.); (T.S.); (R.T.); (N.S.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel./Fax: +66-2-419-7190
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Al-Beltagi M, Bediwy AS, Saeed NK. Insulin-resistance in paediatric age: Its magnitude and implications. World J Diabetes 2022; 13:282-307. [PMID: 35582667 PMCID: PMC9052009 DOI: 10.4239/wjd.v13.i4.282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2022] [Revised: 03/12/2022] [Accepted: 03/27/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Insulin resistance (IR) is insulin failure in normal plasma levels to adequately stimulate glucose uptake by the peripheral tissues. IR is becoming more common in children and adolescents than before. There is a strong association between obesity in children and adolescents, IR, and the metabolic syndrome components. IR shows marked variation among different races, crucial to understanding the possible cardiovascular risk, specifically in high-risk races or ethnic groups. Genetic causes of IR include insulin receptor mutations, mutations that stimulate autoantibody production against insulin receptors, or mutations that induce the formation of abnormal glucose transporter 4 molecules or plasma cell membrane glycoprotein-1 molecules; all induce abnormal energy pathways and end with the development of IR. The parallel increase of IR syndrome with the dramatic increase in the rate of obesity among children in the last few decades indicates the importance of environmental factors in increasing the rate of IR. Most patients with IR do not develop diabetes mellitus (DM) type-II. However, IR is a crucial risk factor to develop DM type-II in children. Diagnostic standards for IR in children are not yet established due to various causes. Direct measures of insulin sensitivity include the hyperinsulinemia euglycemic glucose clamp and the insulin-suppression test. Minimal model analysis of frequently sampled intravenous glucose tolerance test and oral glucose tolerance test provide an indirect estimate of metabolic insulin sensitivity/resistance. The main aim of the treatment of IR in children is to prevent the progression of compensated IR to decompensated IR, enhance insulin sensitivity, and treat possible complications. There are three main lines for treatment: Lifestyle and behavior modification, pharmacotherapy, and surgery. This review will discuss the magnitude, implications, diagnosis, and treatment of IR in children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Al-Beltagi
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Tanta 31511, Egypt
- Department of Pediatrics, University Medical Center, Arabian Gulf University, Dr. Sulaiman Al Habib Medical Group, Manama 26671, Bahrain
| | - Adel Salah Bediwy
- Department of Chest Disease, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Tanta 31527, Egypt
- Department of Pulmonology, University Medical Center, Arabian Gulf University, Dr. Sulaiman Al Habib Medical Group, Manama 26671, Bahrain
| | - Nermin Kamal Saeed
- Medical Microbiology Section, Department of Pathology, Salmaniya Medical Complex, Ministry of Health, Manama 12, Bahrain
- Microbiology Section, Department of Pathology, Irish Royal College of Surgeon, Busaiteen 15503, Bahrain
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Li J, Chen B, Wen-Qi X, Jia W, Zhang WX, Bian XL. Drug-Drug Interactions and Disease Status Are Associated with Irinotecan-induced Hepatotoxicity: A Cross-Sectional Study in Shanghai. J Clin Pharmacol 2022; 62:1160-1169. [PMID: 35396702 DOI: 10.1002/jcph.2059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2022] [Accepted: 04/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Irinotecan-induced hepatotoxicity can cause severe clinical complications in patients; however, the underlying mechanism and factors affecting hepatotoxicity have rarely been investigated. In this cross-sectional study, we screened all clinical, demographic, medication and genetic variables among 126 patients receiving irinotecan and explored potential associations with the incidence and time to onset of irinotecan-induced hepatotoxicity. Approximately 38.9% of the patients suffered from hepatotoxicity after irinotecan administration. The presence of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) increases the incidence of hepatotoxicity approximately 2.9-fold and doubles the hazard of time to hepatotoxicity. Patients with liver metastasis had a more than 4-fold higher risk of hepatotoxicity and a 3.5-fold increased hazard of time to hepatotoxicity compared to those without liver metastasis. Patients who took CYP3A inducers had a 4.4-fold increased incidence of hepatotoxicity, and furthermore, concomitant use of platinum-based antineoplastics revealed 4.2 times the hazard of time to hepatotoxicity compared to those receiving antimetabolites. The cumulative dose of irinotecan (5-9 cycles) increased hepatotoxicity by 8.5 times. However, the genotypes and phenotypes of UGT1A1*28/*6 failed to be predictive factors of hepatotoxicity. The findings of this study suggest that irinotecan-induced hepatotoxicity is not directly associated with genetic variables but is mostly related to concomitant use of CYP3A inducers and platinum, as well as the presence of liver metastasis and CVD. Thus, close monitoring of liver function is recommended, especially in patients with liver impairment or using CYP3A inducers and platinum antineoplastic drugs, which may be the best way to prevent hepatotoxicity. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Li
- Department of Pharmacy, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Bing Chen
- Department of Pharmacy, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Xi Wen-Qi
- Department of Oncology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Wan Jia
- Department of Pharmacy, Wuxi Branch of Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Wuxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei-Xia Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Lan Bian
- Department of Pharmacy, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
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NAFLD or MAFLD: That is the conundrum. Hepatobiliary Pancreat Dis Int 2022; 21:103-105. [PMID: 35125337 DOI: 10.1016/j.hbpd.2022.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Ke YC, Chen TC, Tang RC, Lin JN, Lin FH. Development of resveratrol with thiolated alginate as a supplement to prevent nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). APL Bioeng 2022; 6:016102. [PMID: 35178496 PMCID: PMC8828268 DOI: 10.1063/5.0081695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2021] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Nowadays, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease is a common metabolic liver disease of all ages worldwide. However, current pharmacological and surgical treatments are accompanied with side effects and complications. EndoBarrier, a less invasive bariatric surgery, blocks the upper portion of the intestine to reduce nutrition absorption. To mimic the nutrient restriction effect of EndoBarrier, thiol-containing materials may bind to the thiol groups of the mucus with an enhanced mucoadhesive property. Here, we develop thiolated alginate with cysteine conjugation via an N-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)-N-ethylcarbodiimide/N-hydroxysuccinimide reaction. The alginate–cysteine (AC) exhibits excellent mucoadhesive properties and forms a physical barrier in the intestine to reduce absorption significantly, which was tested with both in vitro and in vivo mucoadhesive test and barrier function test. The nontoxicity property of AC was also proven with WST-1 and live and dead stain. In addition, AC demonstrates potent carrier properties of extending the release of resveratrol to improve the efficacy with the test of the transwell system in the release profile. In the long-term therapeutic evaluation, alginate cysteine with resveratrol (ACR) is orally administrated daily to mice with an methionine choline-deficient diet. The results of this in vivo study show that developed ACR could effectively alleviate fat degeneration in the liver and improve fat-related metabolic parameters in serum without hepatocellular damage and kidney dysfunction. In sum, AC was found to be mucoadhesive, reduce glucose absorption, alleviate inflammation, and decrease fatty degradation. This promising material exhibits the potential to be a supplement for nonalcoholic fatty liver disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Chen Ke
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Medicine and College of Engineering, National Taiwan University, No. 49, Fanglan Rd., Taipei 10672, Taiwan
| | - Tzu-Chien Chen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Medicine and College of Engineering, National Taiwan University, No. 49, Fanglan Rd., Taipei 10672, Taiwan
| | - Rui-Chian Tang
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Nanomedicine, National Health Research Institutes, No. 35, Keyan Rd., Zhunan, Miaoli County 35053, Taiwan
| | - Jhih-Ni Lin
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Medicine and College of Engineering, National Taiwan University, No. 49, Fanglan Rd., Taipei 10672, Taiwan
| | - Feng-Huei Lin
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Medicine and College of Engineering, National Taiwan University, No. 49, Fanglan Rd., Taipei 10672, Taiwan
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Nanomedicine, National Health Research Institutes, No. 35, Keyan Rd., Zhunan, Miaoli County 35053, Taiwan
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46
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Luo X, Zhang W, He Z, Yang H, Gao J, Wu P, Ma ZF. Dietary Vitamin C Intake Is Associated With Improved Liver Function and Glucose Metabolism in Chinese Adults. Front Nutr 2022; 8:779912. [PMID: 35174195 PMCID: PMC8841761 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2021.779912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2021] [Accepted: 12/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is one of the most prevalent chronic liver diseases worldwide. Dietary vitamin C intake might play an important role in reducing the risk of NAFLD. This study assesses the relationship between dietary vitamin C intake and diagnostic biomarkers of NAFLD. Methods The data from the 2009 China Health and Nutrition Survey (CHNS), nine provinces across four diverse regions (Northeast, East Coast, Central, and West) were included in the study. The dietary vitamin C intake of participants was calculated based on 3-day 24-h diet questionnaires at the individual level. The associations of dietary vitamin C intake and the biochemical indicators of liver function and glucose/lipid metabolism were determined. Results A total of 8,307 participants were included in the final analysis. The mean dietary vitamin C intake for the overall, male and female subjects was 79.8 ± 58.6, 81.6 ± 55.3, and 78.2 ± 61.2 mg/day, respectively. The prevalence of inadequate dietary vitamin C intake for the overall, male and female subjects was 24.4, 26.5, and 22.6%, respectively. Intake of vitamin C was associated with both lower concentrations of plasma ferritin and hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c). Higher dietary vitamin C intake was associated with higher albumin, even further adjusted for body mass index (BMI), residence, and smoking status. No improvement in lipid metabolism was found. Conclusion This study demonstrated that higher dietary vitamin C intake is a benefit for improving glucose metabolism and liver function in which reducing ferritin, a biomarker of iron accumulation, may be involved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqin Luo
- Department of Nutrition and Food Safety of School of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
- *Correspondence: Xiaoqin Luo
| | - Wanyu Zhang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Safety of School of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
- Shaanxi Health Supervision Center, Xi'an, China
| | - Zhangya He
- Department of Nutrition and Food Safety of School of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Hexiang Yang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Safety of School of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Jiayi Gao
- Department of Nutrition and Food Safety of School of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
- Emergency Medical Center, Xi'an Public Health Center, Xi'an, China
| | - Pei Wu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Safety of School of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Zheng Feei Ma
- Department of Health and Environmental Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong-Liverpool University, Suzhou, China
- Zheng Feei Ma
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Thalla S, Kamaraj R, Kavitha A. Increasing risk factors of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, a look into chronic periodontitis and insulin resistance. Endocr Metab Immune Disord Drug Targets 2022; 22:807-814. [PMID: 34983354 DOI: 10.2174/1871530322666220104095534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2021] [Revised: 10/21/2021] [Accepted: 10/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is marked by the excessive intrusion of triglycerides into hepatocytes without any role of alcohol consumption. Various risk factors have been attributed to this disease pathogenesis which involves metabolic disorders, immune response, and even an intricate relationship between the two. The role of insulin resistance (IR) in NAFLD has long been known; however, the molecular basis of disease progression under this metabolic backdrop is still being investigated. Similarly, the periodontitis-mediated immune response is another major factor involved in NAFLD manifestation which has generated huge interest. The prevalence of pathogenic bacteria elicits a strong immune response which according to studies shows a strong correlation with NAFLD state. Such pre-existing conditions have a strong probability of explaining the disease onset. Additionally, increasing reports of inflammatory response and its links to insulin resistance have further increased the scope of understanding NAFLD. Through this review, we aim to elaborate on these factors explaining their role in the disease progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sreenu Thalla
- Department of Pharmacology, SRM College of Pharmacy, SRMIST, Kattankalathur, Tamil Nadu - 603203
| | - Kamaraj R
- SRM College of Pharmacy, SRMIST, Kattankalathur, Tamil Nadu - 603203
| | - Kavitha A
- Department of Gastroenterology, Guntur Medical College & Government General Hospital, Guntur, Andhra Pradesh - 522004
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Standardized Hydrangea serrata (Thunb.) Ser. Extract Ameliorates Obesity in db/db Mice. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13103624. [PMID: 34684625 PMCID: PMC8538090 DOI: 10.3390/nu13103624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2021] [Revised: 10/08/2021] [Accepted: 10/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
We previously reported the potential anti-obesity effects of the water extract of Hydrangea serrata (Thunb.) Ser. leaves (WHS) in high-fat diet-induced obese mice. As an extension of our previous study, we investigated the anti-adipogenic and anti-obesity effects of WHS and its underlying molecular mechanisms in 3T3-L1 preadipocytes and genetically obese db/db mice. WHS attenuated the gene expression of adipogenic transcription factors, CCAAT/enhancer binding protein (C/EBP)α, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR)γ, and sterol regulatory element binding protein (SREBP)-1. Moreover, WHS inhibited the mitotic clonal expansion of preadipocytes by inducing G1 cell cycle arrest. Oral administration of WHS alleviated body weight gain and body fat accumulation in vivo. In addition, adipocyte hypertrophy and liver steatosis were ameliorated by WHS treatment. WHS reduced C/EBPα, PPARγ, and SREBP-1 expression and activated AMPKα phosphorylation in both white adipose tissue (WAT) and liver tissue. WHS also mildly upregulated the expression of thermogenic proteins, including uncoupling protein-1, PPARs, PPARγ coactivator-1α, and sirtuin-1, in brown adipose tissue (BAT). Furthermore, WHS altered the gut microbiota composition to resemble that of wild-type mice. Taken together, our findings suggest that WHS could alleviate adiposity by inhibiting adipogenesis in WAT and the liver and modulating the gut microbiota.
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49
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Sorino P, Campanella A, Bonfiglio C, Mirizzi A, Franco I, Bianco A, Caruso MG, Misciagna G, Aballay LR, Buongiorno C, Liuzzi R, Cisternino AM, Notarnicola M, Chiloiro M, Fallucchi F, Pascoschi G, Osella AR. Development and validation of a neural network for NAFLD diagnosis. Sci Rep 2021; 11:20240. [PMID: 34642390 PMCID: PMC8511336 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-99400-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2021] [Accepted: 09/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD) affects about 20–30% of the adult population in developed countries and is an increasingly important cause of hepatocellular carcinoma. Liver ultrasound (US) is widely used as a noninvasive method to diagnose NAFLD. However, the intensive use of US is not cost-effective and increases the burden on the healthcare system. Electronic medical records facilitate large-scale epidemiological studies and, existing NAFLD scores often require clinical and anthropometric parameters that may not be captured in those databases. Our goal was to develop and validate a simple Neural Network (NN)-based web app that could be used to predict NAFLD particularly its absence. The study included 2970 subjects; training and testing of the neural network using a train–test-split approach was done on 2869 of them. From another population consisting of 2301 subjects, a further 100 subjects were randomly extracted to test the web app. A search was made to find the best parameters for the NN and then this NN was exported for incorporation into a local web app. The percentage of accuracy, area under the ROC curve, confusion matrix, Positive (PPV) and Negative Predicted Value (NPV) values, precision, recall and f1-score were verified. After that, Explainability (XAI) was analyzed to understand the diagnostic reasoning of the NN. Finally, in the local web app, the specificity and sensitivity values were checked. The NN achieved a percentage of accuracy during testing of 77.0%, with an area under the ROC curve value of 0.82. Thus, in the web app the NN evidenced to achieve good results, with a specificity of 1.00 and sensitivity of 0.73. The described approach can be used to support NAFLD diagnosis, reducing healthcare costs. The NN-based web app is easy to apply and the required parameters are easily found in healthcare databases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paolo Sorino
- Laboratory of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, National Institute of Gastroenterology, "S de Bellis" Research Hospital, Via Turi 27, 70013, Castellana Grotte, BA, Italy
| | - Angelo Campanella
- Laboratory of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, National Institute of Gastroenterology, "S de Bellis" Research Hospital, Via Turi 27, 70013, Castellana Grotte, BA, Italy
| | - Caterina Bonfiglio
- Laboratory of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, National Institute of Gastroenterology, "S de Bellis" Research Hospital, Via Turi 27, 70013, Castellana Grotte, BA, Italy
| | - Antonella Mirizzi
- Laboratory of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, National Institute of Gastroenterology, "S de Bellis" Research Hospital, Via Turi 27, 70013, Castellana Grotte, BA, Italy
| | - Isabella Franco
- Laboratory of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, National Institute of Gastroenterology, "S de Bellis" Research Hospital, Via Turi 27, 70013, Castellana Grotte, BA, Italy
| | - Antonella Bianco
- Laboratory of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, National Institute of Gastroenterology, "S de Bellis" Research Hospital, Via Turi 27, 70013, Castellana Grotte, BA, Italy
| | - Maria Gabriella Caruso
- Laboratory of Nutritional Biochemistry, National Institute of Gastroenterology, "S de Bellis" Research Hospital, Via Turi 27, 70013, Castellana Grotte, BA, Italy
| | - Giovanni Misciagna
- Scientific and Ethical Committee, Polyclinic Hospital, University of Bari, Piazza Giulio Cesare, 11, 70124, Bari, BA, Italy
| | - Laura R Aballay
- Human Nutrition Research Center (CenINH), School of Nutrition, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Claudia Buongiorno
- Laboratory of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, National Institute of Gastroenterology, "S de Bellis" Research Hospital, Via Turi 27, 70013, Castellana Grotte, BA, Italy
| | - Rosalba Liuzzi
- Laboratory of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, National Institute of Gastroenterology, "S de Bellis" Research Hospital, Via Turi 27, 70013, Castellana Grotte, BA, Italy
| | - Anna Maria Cisternino
- Clinical Nutrition Outpatient Clinic, National Institute of Gastroenterology, "S de Bellis" Research Hospital, Via Turi 27, 70013, Castellana Grotte, BA, Italy
| | - Maria Notarnicola
- Laboratory of Nutritional Biochemistry, National Institute of Gastroenterology, "S de Bellis" Research Hospital, Via Turi 27, 70013, Castellana Grotte, BA, Italy
| | - Marisa Chiloiro
- San Giacomo Hospital, Largo S. Veneziani, 21, 70043, Monopoli, BA, Italy
| | - Francesca Fallucchi
- Department of Engineering Sciences, Guglielmo Marconi University, Via plinio 44, 00193, Rome, Italy
| | - Giovanni Pascoschi
- Department of Electrical and Information Engineering, Polytechnic of Bari, Via Re David, 200, 70125, Bari, BA, Italy
| | - Alberto Rubén Osella
- Laboratory of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, National Institute of Gastroenterology, "S de Bellis" Research Hospital, Via Turi 27, 70013, Castellana Grotte, BA, Italy.
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Šarac I, Jovanović J, Zec M, Pavlović Z, Debeljak-Martačić J, Zeković M, Milešević J, Gurinović M, Glibetić M. Vitamin D Status and Its Correlation With Anthropometric and Biochemical Indicators of Cardiometabolic Risk in Serbian Underground Coal Miners in 2016. Front Nutr 2021; 8:689214. [PMID: 34490320 PMCID: PMC8417231 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2021.689214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2021] [Accepted: 07/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/07/2022] Open
Abstract
The status of vitamin D in underground working coal miners and its association with their cardiometabolic health is rarely studied. This study aimed to examine vitamin D (VitD) status in Serbian underground coal miners and to correlate it with anthropometric and laboratory indicators of cardiometabolic risk. Nutritional data (food frequency questionnaire, FFQ, and two times repeated 24 h recall), anthropometric data (including segmental analysis by bio-impedance analyzer TANITA BC-545N), arterial tension, and biochemical and hematological data of 103 coal miners (aged 22-63 years) were correlated with their late summer (early September) serum 25 (OH)D levels (measured by HPLC). 68.9% of the studied coal miners were overweight/obese, and 48.5% had metabolic syndrome. Their mean VitD nutritional intakes were low: 5.3 ± 3.8 μg/day (FFQ) and 4.9 ± 8 μg/day (24 h recalls), but their mean serum 25 (OH)D levels were surprisingly high (143.7 ± 41.4 nmol/L). Only 2.9% of the coal miners had 25(OH)D levels lower than 75 nmol/L (indicating an insufficient/deficient status), while 63.2% had values above 125 nmol/L (upper optimal limit), and even 10.7% had values above 200 nmol/L. There were no statistical differences in 25 (OH)D levels in the coal miners with or without metabolic syndrome (or overweight/obesity). Interestingly, 25(OH)D levels had significant positive correlations with body mass index (BMI), fat mass (FM), fat mass percentage (FM%), limbs FM%, serum triglycerides, GGT, AST, ALT, and ALT/AST ratio, and had significant negative correlations with serum HDL-cholesterol and age. All these correlations were lost after corrections for age, FM, FM%, and legs FM%. In Serbian coal miners, high levels of early September VitD levels were observed, indicating sufficient non-working-hour sun exposure during the summer period. Furthermore, the unexpected positive correlations of VitD levels with anthropometric and biochemical parameters indicative of obesity, metabolic syndrome, and fatty liver disease were found. More research is needed on the VitD status of coal miners (particularly in the winter period) and its relationship with their cardiometabolic status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivana Šarac
- Laboratory for Public Health Nutrition, Centre of Research Excellence in Nutrition and Metabolism, Institute for Medical Research, National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Jovica Jovanović
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Occupational Health, University of Niš, Niš, Serbia
| | - Manja Zec
- Laboratory for Public Health Nutrition, Centre of Research Excellence in Nutrition and Metabolism, Institute for Medical Research, National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Zoran Pavlović
- Department of Sanitary Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Institute for Public Health Požarevac, Požarevac, Serbia
| | - Jasmina Debeljak-Martačić
- Laboratory for Public Health Nutrition, Centre of Research Excellence in Nutrition and Metabolism, Institute for Medical Research, National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Milica Zeković
- Laboratory for Public Health Nutrition, Centre of Research Excellence in Nutrition and Metabolism, Institute for Medical Research, National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Jelena Milešević
- Laboratory for Public Health Nutrition, Centre of Research Excellence in Nutrition and Metabolism, Institute for Medical Research, National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Mirjana Gurinović
- Laboratory for Public Health Nutrition, Centre of Research Excellence in Nutrition and Metabolism, Institute for Medical Research, National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Maria Glibetić
- Laboratory for Public Health Nutrition, Centre of Research Excellence in Nutrition and Metabolism, Institute for Medical Research, National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
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