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Manu E, Douglas M, Ntsaba MJ, Makaula B, Tarkang EE. Protective Behavioural Mechanisms Against Cannabis Use Among Adolescents in Cannabis-Growing Settings of South Africa: Insights Into Adolescent Cannabis Use Prevention. Tob Use Insights 2022; 15:1179173X221146040. [PMID: 36544696 PMCID: PMC9761203 DOI: 10.1177/1179173x221146040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
We aimed to explore the behavioural protective mechanisms against cannabis use among adolescents living in South African illicit cannabis-growing communities, based on the Self Determination Theory (SDT). Exploratory qualitative design techniques were followed in conducting the study. The snowball sampling technique was used to recruit thirty (30) non-cannabis smoking adolescents from 2 purposively selected communities and grouped into 4 focus groups and interviewed. A semi-structured focus group interview guide was used to moderate the discussions. Data were analysed inductively, using the ATLAS. ti software. Nine behavioural coping mechanisms, grouped under intrinsic and extrinsic protective behavioural mechanisms, protected participants from using cannabis. Intrinsically, participants' determination not to engage in bad behaviours, focus on their academic work during their free periods, their non-financial dependence on cannabis-using peers, self-preservation to ensure good marriages, and religious beliefs on substance abuse motivated them to not use cannabis. On the other hand, the concept of Ukuphoxa (preservation of family dignity), fear of arrest, fear of being tagged a social deviant, and the fear of contracting illnesses such as lung cancer served as protective behavioural mechanisms against cannabis use. Health promotion and education programmes for adolescents on non-cannabis use in communities where illicit cannabis abounds must identify and draw on contextual intrinsic and extrinsic motivations that ensure non-cannabis use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emmanuel Manu
- Department of Population and
Behavioural Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Health and Allied
Sciences, Hohoe, Ghana
| | - Mbuyiselo Douglas
- Department of Public Health, Walter
Sisulu University, Mthatha, South Africa
| | | | - Bekwa Makaula
- Department of Social Work and
Psychology, Faculty of Humanities, Social Sciences and Law, Walter Sisulu
University, Mthatha, South Africa
| | - Elvis Enowbeyang Tarkang
- Department of Population and
Behavioural Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Health and Allied
Sciences, Hohoe, Ghana
- School of Nursing and Public
Health, University of Kwazulu Natal, Durban, South Africa
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Boyd RC, Castro FG, Finigan-Carr N, Okamoto SK, Barlow A, Kim BKE, Lambert S, Lloyd J, Zhang X, Barksdale CL, Crowley DM, Maldonado-Molina M, Obasi EM, Kenney A. Strategic Directions in Preventive Intervention Research to Advance Health Equity. PREVENTION SCIENCE : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY FOR PREVENTION RESEARCH 2022; 24:577-596. [PMID: 36469162 PMCID: PMC9734404 DOI: 10.1007/s11121-022-01462-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/09/2022]
Abstract
As commissioned by the Society for Prevention Research, this paper describes and illustrates strategic approaches for reducing health inequities and advancing health equity when adopting an equity-focused approach for applying prevention science evidence-based theory, methodologies, and practices. We introduce an ecosystemic framework as a guide for analyzing, designing, and planning innovative equity-focused evidence-based preventive interventions designed to attain intended health equity outcomes. To advance this process, we introduce a health equity statement for conducting integrative analyses of ecosystemic framework pathways, by describing the role of social determinants, mechanisms, and interventions as factors directly linked to specific health equity outcomes. As background, we present health equity constructs, theories, and research evidence which can inform the design and development of equity-focused intervention approaches. We also describe multi-level interventions that when coordinated can produce synergistic intervention effects across macro, meso, and micro ecological levels. Under this approach, we encourage prevention and implementation scientists to apply and extend these strategic directions in future research to increase our evidence-based knowledge and theory building. A general goal is to apply prevention science knowledge to design, widely disseminate, and implement culturally grounded interventions that incrementally attain specific HE outcomes and an intended HE goal. We conclude with recommendations for conducting equity-focused prevention science research, interventions, and training.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rhonda C Boyd
- Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | | | | | | | - Allison Barlow
- John Hopkins Center for American Indian Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | | | | | - Jacqueline Lloyd
- Office of Disease Prevention, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Xinzhi Zhang
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Crystal L Barksdale
- National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | | | | | | | - Anne Kenney
- John Hopkins Center for American Indian Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
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A Scoping Review of School-Based Prevention Programs for Indigenous Students. EDUCATIONAL PSYCHOLOGY REVIEW 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s10648-022-09698-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Snijder M, Stapinski L, Lees B, Ward J, Conrod P, Mushquash C, Belone L, Champion K, Chapman C, Teesson M, Newton N. Preventing Substance Use Among Indigenous Adolescents in the USA, Canada, Australia and New Zealand: a Systematic Review of the Literature. PREVENTION SCIENCE : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY FOR PREVENTION RESEARCH 2020; 21:65-85. [PMID: 31641922 PMCID: PMC6957574 DOI: 10.1007/s11121-019-01038-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
This systematic review assessed the current evidence base of substance use prevention programs for Indigenous adolescents in the USA, Canada, Australia and New Zealand. The authors investigated (a) the outcomes, type, setting and context of prevention programs; (b) the common components of beneficial prevention programs; and (c) the methodological quality of evaluations of included prevention programs. The authors searched eight peer-reviewed and 20 grey literature databases for studies published between 1 January 1990 and 31 August 2017. Data extracted included type of program (culturally adapted, culture-based or unadapted), the setting (school, community, family or multi-setting), delivery (computerised or traditional), context (Indigenous-specific or multi-cultural environment) and common components of the programs. Program evaluation methodologies were critically appraised against standardised criteria. This review identified 26 eligible studies. Substance use prevention programs for Indigenous youth led to reductions in substance use frequency and intention to use; improvements in substance-related knowledge, attitudes and resistance strategies; and delay in substance use initiation. Key elements of beneficial programs included substance use education, skills development, cultural knowledge enhancement and community involvement in program development. Five programs were rated as methodologically strong, seven were moderate and fourteen were weak. Prevention programs have the potential to reduce substance use among Indigenous adolescents, especially when they are developed in partnership with Indigenous people. However, more rigorously conducted evaluation trials are required to strengthen the evidence base.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mieke Snijder
- The Matilda Centre, Faculty of Health and Medicine, The University of Sydney, Darlington, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia.
| | - Lexine Stapinski
- The Matilda Centre, Faculty of Health and Medicine, The University of Sydney, Darlington, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia
| | - Briana Lees
- The Matilda Centre, Faculty of Health and Medicine, The University of Sydney, Darlington, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia
| | - James Ward
- South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Flinders University, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Patricia Conrod
- Department of Psychiatry, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Canada
| | - Christopher Mushquash
- Centre for Rural and Northern Health Research, Northern Ontario School of Medicine, Lakehead University, Thunder Bay, Canada
| | - Lorenda Belone
- Department of Health, Exercise & Sports Sciences, College of Education, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | - Katrina Champion
- The Matilda Centre, Faculty of Health and Medicine, The University of Sydney, Darlington, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia
| | - Cath Chapman
- The Matilda Centre, Faculty of Health and Medicine, The University of Sydney, Darlington, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia
| | - Maree Teesson
- The Matilda Centre, Faculty of Health and Medicine, The University of Sydney, Darlington, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia
| | - Nicola Newton
- The Matilda Centre, Faculty of Health and Medicine, The University of Sydney, Darlington, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia
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D'Amico EJ, Dickerson DL, Brown RA, Johnson CL, Klein DJ, Agniel D. Motivational interviewing and culture for urban Native American youth (MICUNAY): A randomized controlled trial. J Subst Abuse Treat 2020; 111:86-99. [PMID: 32087841 PMCID: PMC7477923 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsat.2019.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2019] [Revised: 12/17/2019] [Accepted: 12/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
To date, few programs that integrate traditional practices with evidence-based practices have been developed, implemented, and evaluated with urban American Indians/Alaska Natives (AI/ANs) using a strong research design. The current study recruited urban AI/AN teens across northern, central, and southern California during 2014-2017 to participate in a randomized controlled trial testing two cultural interventions that addressed alcohol and other drug (AOD) use. Adolescents were 14-18 years old (inclusive), and either verbally self-identified as AI/AN or were identified as AI/AN by a parent or community member. We tested the added benefit of MICUNAY (Motivational Interviewing and Culture for Urban Native American Youth) to a CWG (Community Wellness Gathering). MICUNAY was a group intervention with three workshops that integrated traditional practices with motivational interviewing. CWGs were cultural events held monthly in each city. AI/AN urban adolescents (N = 185) completed a baseline survey, were randomized to MICUNAY + CWG or CWG only, and then completed a three- and six-month follow-up. We compared outcomes on AOD use, spirituality, and cultural identification. Overall, AOD use remained stable over the course of the study, and we did not find significant differences between these two groups over time. It may be that connecting urban AI/AN adolescents to culturally centered activities and resources is protective, which has been shown in other work with this population. Given that little work has been conducted in this area, longer term studies of AOD interventions with urban AI/AN youth throughout the U.S. are suggested to test the potential benefits of culturally centered interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth J D'Amico
- RAND Corporation, 1776 Main St., Santa Monica, CA 90401, United States of America.
| | - Daniel L Dickerson
- UCLA Integrated Substance Abuse Programs, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior David Geffen School of Medicine, 11075 Santa Monica Blvd., Ste. 200, Los Angeles, CA 90025, United States of America
| | - Ryan A Brown
- RAND Corporation, 1776 Main St., Santa Monica, CA 90401, United States of America
| | - Carrie L Johnson
- Sacred Path Indigenous Wellness Center, LA, CA 90017, United States of America
| | - David J Klein
- RAND Corporation, 1776 Main St., Santa Monica, CA 90401, United States of America
| | - Denis Agniel
- RAND Corporation, 1776 Main St., Santa Monica, CA 90401, United States of America
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Singh S, Balhara YPS, Gupta P, Christodoulou NG. Primary and secondary prevention strategies against illicit drug use among adults aged 18-25: a narrative review. Australas Psychiatry 2020; 28:84-90. [PMID: 31526182 DOI: 10.1177/1039856219875048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES We reviewed the literature for preventive programs against illicit drug use that specifically target adults aged 18-25 (i.e. emerging adults). METHODS Narrative review of preventive programs that have a high strength of recommendation according to the US Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) grading system. RESULTS Prevention programs that met the criteria are school and college based, family-based, community based, peer-led, workplace-based, and technology-based interventions. They target the known modifiable risk factors associated with illicit drug use among adolescents and young adults. CONCLUSION The preventive programs we reviewed are utilizing evidence-based strategies for the prevention of illicit drug use. Further research is needed to formulate new and effective preventive strategies for the reduction of illicit drug use by emerging adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shalini Singh
- Resident, National Drug Dependence Treatment Center (NDDTC), All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), New Delhi, India
| | - Yatan Pal Singh Balhara
- Associate Professor of Psychiatry, National Drug Dependence Treatment Center (NDDTC), Department of Psychiatry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), New Delhi, India
| | - Prashant Gupta
- National Drug Dependence Treatment Center (NDDTC), Department of Psychiatry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), New Delhi, India
| | - Nikos G Christodoulou
- Consultant Psychiatrist, Nottinghamshire Healthcare NHS Foundation Trust, Nottingham, UK; and Honorary Clinical Associate Professor of Psychiatry, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
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Substance Use Prevention for Urban American Indian Youth: A Efficacy Trial of the Culturally Adapted Living in 2 Worlds Program. J Prim Prev 2018; 38:137-158. [PMID: 27943031 DOI: 10.1007/s10935-016-0461-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
This article describes a small efficacy trial of the Living in 2 Worlds (L2W) substance use prevention curriculum, a culturally adapted version of keepin' it REAL (kiR) redesigned for urban American Indian (AI) middle school students. Focused on strengthening resiliency and AI cultural engagement, L2W teaches drug resistance skills, decision making, and culturally grounded prevention messages. Using cluster random assignment, the research team randomized three urban middle schools with enrichment classes for AI students. AI teachers of these classes delivered the L2W curriculum in two schools; the remaining school implemented kiR, unadapted, and became the comparison group. AI students (N = 107) completed a pretest questionnaire before they received the manualized curriculum lessons, and a posttest (85% completion) 1 month after the final lesson. We assessed the adapted L2W intervention, compared to kiR, with paired t tests, baseline adjusted general linear models, and effect size estimates (Cohen's d). Differences between the L2W and kiR groups reached statistically significant thresholds for four outcomes. Youth receiving L2W, compared to kiR, reported less growth in cigarette use from pretest to posttest, less frequent use of the Leave drug resistance strategy, and less loss of connections to AI spirituality and cultural traditions. For other substance use behaviors and antecedents, the direction of the non-significant effects in small sample tests was toward more positive outcomes in L2W and small to medium effect sizes. Results suggest that evidence-based substance use prevention programs that are culturally adapted for urban AI adolescents, like L2W, can be a foundation for prevention approaches to help delay initiation and slow increases in substance use. In addition to study limitations, we discuss implementation challenges in delivering school-based interventions for urban AI populations.
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Liddell J, Burnette CE. Culturally-Informed Interventions for Substance Abuse Among Indigenous Youth in the United States: A Review. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017. [PMID: 28628397 DOI: 10.1080/23761407.2017.1335631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Given the disproportionately high levels of alcohol and other drug abuse among Indigenous youth in the United States, the purpose of this systematic review was to explicate the current state of empirically-based and culturally-informed substance abuse prevention and intervention programs for Indigenous youth (ages 9-18). METHOD The 14 articles that met inclusion criteria for this review were analyzed both in terms of the cultural intervention itself (primary population, intervention, core tenants, focus of intervention, intervention goals, location, intervention location, and program length) and their evaluation approach. RESULTS Results indicate variable integration of cultural components with the majority of interventions taking place in schools and treatment facilities, targeting primarily individuals. DISCUSSION There is a current gap in research on culturally-informed substance abuse interventions for Indigenous youth, which this review begins to address. Promising areas of future research and interventions include bringing communities and families into treatment and prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Liddell
- a School of Social Work , Tulane University , New Orleans , Louisiana , USA
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Kulis SS, Robbins DE, Baker TM, Denetsosie S, Deschine Parkhurst NA. A latent class analysis of urban American Indian youth identities. CULTURAL DIVERSITY & ETHNIC MINORITY PSYCHOLOGY 2016; 22:215-228. [PMID: 25894833 PMCID: PMC4615273 DOI: 10.1037/cdp0000024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study examined sources of indigenous identity among urban American Indian youth that map the three theoretical dimensions of a model advanced by Markstrom: identification (tribal and ethnic heritage), connection (through family and reservation ties), and involvement in traditional culture and spirituality. METHOD Data came from self-administered questionnaires completed by 208 urban American Indian students from five middle schools in a large metropolitan area in the Southwest. RESULTS Descriptive statistics showed most youth were connected to multiple indicators on all three dimensions of indigenous identity: native parental heritage, native best friends, past and current reservation connections, involvement with cultural practices, tribal language and spirituality, and alignment with native and mainstream cultural orientations. A latent class analysis identified five classes. There were two larger groups, one with strong native heritage and the highest levels of enculturation, and another that was more bicultural in orientation. The remaining three groups were smaller and about equal in size: a highly acculturated group with mixed parental ethnic heritage, those who had strong native heritage but were culturally disengaged, and a group with some mixed ethnic heritage that was low on indicators of enculturation. Evidence for the validity of the latent classes came from significant variations across the classes in scores on an American Indian ethnic identity (modified Phinney) scale, the students' open-ended descriptions of the main sources of their indigenous identities, and the better academic grades of classes that were more culturally engaged. CONCLUSIONS Despite the challenges of maintaining cultural identities in the urban environment, most youth in this sample expressed a strong sense of indigenous identity, claimed personal and parental tribal heritage, remained connected to reservation communities, and actively engaged in Native cultural and spiritual life.
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Kulis S, Booth JM, Bercerra D. Drug-Resistance Strategies of Early Adolescents in Mexico: Gender Differences in the Influence of Drug Offers and Relationship to the Offeror. Subst Use Misuse 2016; 51:370-82. [PMID: 26886157 PMCID: PMC4856063 DOI: 10.3109/10826084.2015.1110171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
To address increases in substance use among Mexican adolescents, particularly females, US prevention programs are being adapted to the Mexican cultural context. Understanding how responses to substance offers by Mexican adolescents are shaped by gender and relationships to those making offers is an important step in the adaptation process. Using data from Guadalajara, Mexico middle schools (N = 431), this pilot study tested for gender differences in the use of several drug resistance strategies commonly taught in US substance abuse prevention interventions. Results indicated that the drug-resistance strategies of Mexican early adolescents differ by gender, type of substance offered, and the youth's relationship to the offeror. Contrary to previous research on older Mexican adolescents, in this sample, females received more substance offers from age peers than males did, and employed a wider repertoire of drug-resistance strategies, including active strategies such as direct refusals. Gender differences in use of the strategies persisted after controlling for number of offers received. There were gender differences in the conditional effects of greater exposure to offers. A larger volume of alcohol and cigarette offers predicted females' use of direct strategies more strongly than for males, but less strongly than males for marijuana offers. Females' use of drug resistance strategies was more strongly associated with offers from family adults, siblings, and cousins, while males' use of strategies was predicted more strongly by offers from nonfamily adults. Interpretations and prevention implications are discussed in light of changing gender norms in Mexico and gendered patterns of substance use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen Kulis
- Arizona State University, Southwest Interdisciplinary Research Center, 411 N. Central Avenue, Phoenix, 85004-0693 United States
| | - Jaime Michelle Booth
- University of Pittsburgh, Social Work, 2117 Cathedral of Learning, 4200 Fifth Ave., Pittsburgh, 15260 United States
| | - David Bercerra
- Arizona State University, 411 N. Central Ave, Ste. 800, Phoenix, 85004 United States
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Gewin AM, Hoffman B. Introducing the cultural variables in school-based substance abuse prevention. DRUGS-EDUCATION PREVENTION AND POLICY 2015. [DOI: 10.3109/09687637.2015.1071781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
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Marsiglia FF, Booth JM. Cultural Adaptation of Interventions in Real Practice Settings. RESEARCH ON SOCIAL WORK PRACTICE 2015; 25:423-432. [PMID: 26213454 PMCID: PMC4512185 DOI: 10.1177/1049731514535989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
This article provides an overview of some common challenges and opportunities related to cultural adaptation of behavioral interventions. Cultural adaptation is presented as a necessary action to ponder when considering the adoption of an evidence-based intervention with ethnic and other minority groups. It proposes a roadmap to choose existing interventions and a specific approach to evaluate prevention and treatment interventions for cultural relevancy. An approach to conducting cultural adaptations is proposed, followed by an outline of a cultural adaptation protocol. A case study is presented, and lessons learned are shared as well as recommendations for culturally grounded social work practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Flavio F. Marsiglia
- Southwest Interdisciplinary Research Center (SIRC), School of Social Work, Arizona State University, Phoenix, AZ, USA
| | - Jamie M. Booth
- School of Social Work, University of Pittsburgh. Pittsburgh, PA, USA
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Helm S, Lee W, Hanakahi V, Gleason K, McCarthy K, Haumana. Using Photovoice with youth to develop a drug prevention program in a rural Hawaiian community. AMERICAN INDIAN AND ALASKA NATIVE MENTAL HEALTH RESEARCH 2015; 22:1-26. [PMID: 25768388 PMCID: PMC4401743 DOI: 10.5820/aian.2201.2015.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Substance use represents a significant and persistent health disparity among Native Hawaiian youth and communities. A community-university participatory action research project was conducted to develop a Native Hawaiian model of drug prevention. METHODS Ten youth participated in eight Photovoice focus groups. Focus group transcripts and the youths' SHOWED (see, happening, our, why, empower, do) worksheets were analyzed. RESULTS Emergent analyses are described regarding focus group theme identification and the meaning of each theme. Youth-selected exemplary photographs and researcher-selected exemplary quotations are provided. IMPLICATIONS Native Hawaiian drug prevention will be place-based in culturally significant community locations, experiential, and guided by multigenerational teaching and learning.
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A continuum of approaches toward developing culturally focused prevention interventions: from adaptation to grounding. J Prim Prev 2014; 35:103-12. [PMID: 24322970 DOI: 10.1007/s10935-013-0334-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this article is to describe a conceptual model of methods used to develop culturally focused interventions. We describe a continuum of approaches ranging from non-adapted/surface-structure adapted programs to culturally grounded programs, and present recent examples of interventions resulting from the application of each of these approaches. The model has implications for categorizing culturally focused prevention efforts more accurately, and for gauging the time, resources, and level of community engagement necessary to develop programs using each of the different methods. The model also has implications for funding decisions related to the development and evaluation of programs, and for planning of participatory research approaches with community members.
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Helm S, Okamoto S, Kaliades A, Giroux D. Drug offers as a context for violence perpetration and victimization. J Ethn Subst Abuse 2014; 13:39-57. [PMID: 24564559 PMCID: PMC4260524 DOI: 10.1080/15332640.2013.853015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Drug use has been linked empirically with and aggression and violence among youth in national and State of Hawai'i samples. However, the nature of this link and its implications for prevention are unclear. Therefore, this article explores the intersection of drugs with aggression and violence by using the drug offer context as the unit of analysis. Native Hawaiian youth are sampled because substance use rates tend to be higher and onset tends to be earlier for them than for their non-Hawaiian peers. Fourteen sex-specific focus group discussions were held with rural Native Hawaiian middle school students (N = 64). Students discussed what they think they would do in terms of drug refusal strategies in a variety of drug offer contexts. Although aggression and violence were perceived to be socially inappropriate, students nonetheless felt drug use would be less socially competent. Narrative analyses indicated that aggression and violence were thought to function as potential drug refusal strategies. As proximal drug resistance, aggression and violence perpetration served as an immediate deterrent to the drug offerer and thus drug use. As distal drug resistance, victimization served as a rationale for avoiding drug using contexts. Implications are discussed in terms of prevention policy and practice, specifically in terms of a school-based prevention curriculum. Future research in Hawaiian epistemology and gendered approaches are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susana Helm
- School of Social Work, Hawai`i Pacific University, Honolulu,
HI
| | - Scott Okamoto
- School of Social Work, Hawai`i Pacific University, Honolulu,
HI
| | - Alexis Kaliades
- School of Social Work, Hawai`i Pacific University, Honolulu, HI.
()
| | - Danielle Giroux
- Department of Psychology, University of Alaska—Anchorage,
Anchorage, Alaska. ()
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Hernández-Serrano O, Griffin KW, García-Fernández JM, Orgilés M, Espada JP. Public commitment, resistance to advertising, and leisure promotion in a school-based drug abuse prevention program: a component dismantling study. JOURNAL OF DRUG EDUCATION 2013; 43:331-351. [PMID: 25445808 DOI: 10.2190/de.43.4.c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The objective of the present study was to examine the contribution of three intervention components (public commitment, resistance to advertising, and leisure promotion) on alcohol and protective variables in a school-based substance use prevention program. Participants included 480 Spanish students aged from 14 to 16 who received the Saluda prevention program in one of the following five experimental conditions: complete program, program minus public commitment, program minus resistance to advertising, program minus leisure promotion, and a waiting-list control. The students completed self-report surveys at pretest, posttest, and 6-month follow-up assessments. When excluding the healthy leisure promotion component, the Saluda program showed no loss of efficacy neither on alcohol use nor on other substance-related variables, while public commitment and resistance to advertising improved the aforementioned program's efficacy.
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