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Pan L, He X, Xu R, Bhattarai U, Niu Z, do Carmo J, Sun Y, Zeng H, Clemmer JS, Chen JX, Chen Y. Endothelial specific prolyl hydroxylase domain-containing protein 2 deficiency attenuates aging-related obesity and exercise intolerance. GeroScience 2024; 46:3945-3956. [PMID: 38462569 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-024-01108-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Obesity and exercise intolerance greatly reduce the life quality of older people. Prolyl hydroxylase domain-containing protein 2 (PHD2) is an important enzyme in modulating hypoxia-inducible factor-alpha (HIF) protein. Using vascular endothelial cell-specific PHD2 gene knockout (PHD2 ECKO) mice, we investigated the role of endothelial PHD2 in aging-related obesity and exercise capacity. Briefly, PHD2 ECKO mice were obtained by crossing PHD2-floxed mice with VE-Cadherin (Cdh5)-Cre transgenic mice. The effect of PHD2 ECKO on obesity and exercise capacity in PHD2 ECKO mice and control PHD2f/f mice were determined in young mice (6 to 7 months) and aged mice (16-18 months). We found that aged PHD2 ECKO mice, but not young mice, exhibited a lean phenotype, characterized by lower fat mass, and its ratio to lean weight, body weight, or tibial length, while their food uptake was not reduced compared with controls. Moreover, as compared with aged control mice, aged PHD2 ECKO mice exhibited increased oxygen consumption at rest and during exercise, and the maximum rate of oxygen consumption (VO2 max) during exercise. Furthermore, as compared with corresponding control mice, both young and aged PHD2 ECKO mice demonstrated improved glucose tolerance and lower insulin resistance. Together, these data demonstrate that inhibition of vascular endothelial PHD2 signaling significantly attenuates aging-related obesity, exercise intolerance, and glucose intolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lihong Pan
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Mississippi Medical Center, School of Medicine, 2500 North State Street, Jackson, MS, 39216, USA
| | - Xiaochen He
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Mississippi Medical Center, School of Medicine, 2500 North State Street, Jackson, MS, 39216, USA
| | - Rui Xu
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Mississippi Medical Center, School of Medicine, 2500 North State Street, Jackson, MS, 39216, USA
| | - Umesh Bhattarai
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Mississippi Medical Center, School of Medicine, 2500 North State Street, Jackson, MS, 39216, USA
| | - Ziru Niu
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Mississippi Medical Center, School of Medicine, 2500 North State Street, Jackson, MS, 39216, USA
| | - Jussara do Carmo
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Mississippi Medical Center, School of Medicine, 2500 North State Street, Jackson, MS, 39216, USA
| | - Yuxiang Sun
- Department of Nutrition, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Heng Zeng
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, School of Medicine, Jackson, MS, 39216, USA
| | - John S Clemmer
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Mississippi Medical Center, School of Medicine, 2500 North State Street, Jackson, MS, 39216, USA
| | - Jian-Xiong Chen
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, School of Medicine, Jackson, MS, 39216, USA
| | - Yingjie Chen
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Mississippi Medical Center, School of Medicine, 2500 North State Street, Jackson, MS, 39216, USA.
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Brun JF, Varlet-Marie E, Myzia J, Vachoud L, Marion B, Roques C, Raynaud de Mauverger E, Mercier J. Which sub-compartments of fat mass and fat-free mass are related to blood viscosity factors? Clin Hemorheol Microcirc 2024; 86:245-252. [PMID: 37781797 DOI: 10.3233/ch-238118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/03/2023]
Abstract
The size of body compartments is a determinant of several factors of blood viscosity. Red cell aggregation is proportional to fat mass while hematocrit is proportional to both fat-free mass and abdominal adiposity, but which parts of these body components are involved in this relationship is not known. Segmental bioelectrical impedance analysis (sBIA) provides a possibility to delineate the relationships more precisely between various subdivisions of the body and blood viscosity factors, going farther than preceding studies using non segmental BIA. In this study we investigated in 38 subjects undergoing a standardized breakfast test with mathematical modelling of glucose homeostasis and a segmental bioelectrical impedance analysis (sBIA) the relationships between the various compartments of the body and viscosity factors. Blood and plasma viscosity were measured with the Anton Paar rheometer and analyzed with Quemada's model. The parameters better correlated to hematocrit are fat free mass (r = 0.562) and its two components muscle mass (r = 0.516) and non-muscular fat-free mass (r = 0.452), and also trunk fat mass (r = 0.383) and waist-to hip ratio (r = 0.394). Red cell aggregation measurements were correlated with both truncal and appendicular fat mass (r ranging between 0.603 and 0.728). Weaker correlations of M and M1 are found with waist circumference and hip circumference. This study shows that the correlation between lean mass and hematocrit involves both muscle and non-muscle moieties of lean mass, and that both central and appendicular fat are determinants of red cell aggregation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean-Frédéric Brun
- Department of Endocrinology and U1046 INSERM, UMR 9214 CNRS "Physiopathologie & Médecine Expérimentale du Cœur et des Muscles - PHYMEDEXP", Unité d'Explorations Métaboliques (CERAMM), Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
- Département de Physiologie Clinique, Hôpital Lapeyronie CHRU Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Emmanuelle Varlet-Marie
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron (IBMM) UMR 5247 CNRS, Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Montpellier, Université de MontpellierMontpellier, France
- UMR QualiSud, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Justine Myzia
- Department of Endocrinology and U1046 INSERM, UMR 9214 CNRS "Physiopathologie & Médecine Expérimentale du Cœur et des Muscles - PHYMEDEXP", Unité d'Explorations Métaboliques (CERAMM), Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
- Département de Physiologie Clinique, Hôpital Lapeyronie CHRU Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Laurent Vachoud
- UMR QualiSud, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Bénédicte Marion
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron (IBMM) UMR 5247 CNRS, Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Montpellier, Université de MontpellierMontpellier, France
| | - Céline Roques
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron (IBMM) UMR 5247 CNRS, Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Montpellier, Université de MontpellierMontpellier, France
| | - Eric Raynaud de Mauverger
- Department of Endocrinology and U1046 INSERM, UMR 9214 CNRS "Physiopathologie & Médecine Expérimentale du Cœur et des Muscles - PHYMEDEXP", Unité d'Explorations Métaboliques (CERAMM), Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
- Département de Physiologie Clinique, Hôpital Lapeyronie CHRU Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Jacques Mercier
- Department of Endocrinology and U1046 INSERM, UMR 9214 CNRS "Physiopathologie & Médecine Expérimentale du Cœur et des Muscles - PHYMEDEXP", Unité d'Explorations Métaboliques (CERAMM), Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
- Département de Physiologie Clinique, Hôpital Lapeyronie CHRU Montpellier, Montpellier, France
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Almaguer-Melian W, Mercerón-Martinez D, Alberti-Amador E, Alacán-Ricardo L, de Bardet JC, Orama-Rojo N, Vergara-Piña AE, Herrera-Estrada I, Bergado JA. Learning induces EPO/EPOr expression in memory relevant brain areas, whereas exogenously applied EPO promotes remote memory consolidation. Synapse 2024; 78:e22282. [PMID: 37794768 DOI: 10.1002/syn.22282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Revised: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 08/31/2023] [Indexed: 10/06/2023]
Abstract
Memory and learning allow animals to appropriate certain properties of nature with which they can navigate in it successfully. Memory is acquired slowly and consists of two major phases, a fragile early phase (short-term memory, <4 h) and a more robust and long-lasting late one (long-term memory, >4 h). Erythropoietin (EPO) prolongs memory from 24 to 72 h when animals are trained for 5 min in a place recognition task but not when training lasted 3 min (short-term memory). It is not known whether it promotes the formation of remote memory (≥21 days). We address whether the systemic administration of EPO can convert a short-term memory into a long-term remote memory, and the neural plasticity mechanisms involved. We evaluated the effect of training duration (3 or 5 min) on the expression of endogenous EPO and its receptor to shed light on the role of EPO in coordinating mechanisms of neural plasticity using a single-trial spatial learning test. We administered EPO 10 min post-training and evaluated memory after 24 h, 96 h, 15 days, or 21 days. We also determined the effect of EPO administered 10 min after training on the expression of arc and bdnf during retrieval at 24 h and 21 days. Data show that learning induces EPO/EPOr expression increase linked to memory extent, exogenous EPO prolongs memory up to 21 days; and prefrontal cortex bdnf expression at 24 h and in the hippocampus at 21 days, whereas arc expression increases at 21 days in the hippocampus and prefrontal cortex.
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Affiliation(s)
- William Almaguer-Melian
- Laboratorio de Electrofisiología Experimental del Centro Internacional de Restauración Neurológica, Havana, Cuba
| | - Daymara Mercerón-Martinez
- Laboratorio de Electrofisiología Experimental del Centro Internacional de Restauración Neurológica, Havana, Cuba
| | - Esteban Alberti-Amador
- Laboratorio de Biología Molecular del Centro Internacional de Restauración Neurológica, Havana, Cuba
| | - Laura Alacán-Ricardo
- Facultad de Medicina Victoria de Girón, Universidad Médica de La Habana, Havana, Cuba
| | - Javier Curi de Bardet
- Laboratorio de Biología Molecular del Centro Internacional de Restauración Neurológica, Havana, Cuba
| | - Norma Orama-Rojo
- Laboratorio de Electrofisiología Experimental del Centro Internacional de Restauración Neurológica, Havana, Cuba
| | | | | | - Jorge A Bergado
- Department of Psychology, Universidad del Sinú "Elías Bechara Zainum, ", Montería, Colombia
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Ehrenreich H, Gassmann M, Poustka L, Burtscher M, Hammermann P, Sirén AL, Nave KA, Miskowiak K. Exploiting moderate hypoxia to benefit patients with brain disease: Molecular mechanisms and translational research in progress. NEUROPROTECTION 2023; 1:9-19. [PMID: 37671067 PMCID: PMC7615021 DOI: 10.1002/nep3.15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Accepted: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 09/07/2023]
Abstract
Hypoxia is increasingly recognized as an important physiological driving force. A specific transcriptional program, induced by a decrease in oxygen (O2) availability, for example, inspiratory hypoxia at high altitude, allows cells to adapt to lower O2 and limited energy metabolism. This transcriptional program is partly controlled by and partly independent of hypoxia-inducible factors. Remarkably, this same transcriptional program is stimulated in the brain by extensive motor-cognitive exercise, leading to a relative decrease in O2 supply, compared to the acutely augmented O2 requirement. We have coined the term "functional hypoxia" for this important demand-responsive, relative reduction in O2 availability. Functional hypoxia seems to be critical for enduring adaptation to higher physiological challenge that includes substantial "brain hardware upgrade," underlying advanced performance. Hypoxia-induced erythropoietin expression in the brain likely plays a decisive role in these processes, which can be imitated by recombinant human erythropoietin treatment. This article review presents hints of how inspiratory O2 manipulations can potentially contribute to enhanced brain function. It thereby provides the ground for exploiting moderate inspiratory plus functional hypoxia to treat individuals with brain disease. Finally, it sketches a planned multistep pilot study in healthy volunteers and first patients, about to start, aiming at improved performance upon motor-cognitive training under inspiratory hypoxia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannelore Ehrenreich
- Clinical Neuroscience, Max Planck Institute for Multidisciplinary Sciences, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Max Gassmann
- Institute of Veterinary Physiology and Zürich Center for Integrative Human Physiology, University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Luise Poustka
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Martin Burtscher
- Faculty of Sports Science, University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | | | - Anna-Leena Sirén
- Departments of Neurophysiology and Neurosurgery, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Klaus-Armin Nave
- Department of Neurogenetics, Max Planck Institute for Multidisciplinary Sciences, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Kamilla Miskowiak
- Psychiatric Centre, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Psychology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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5
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Cui F, Sun J, Mi H, Li B, Tang L, Wang R, Du Y, Guo B, Li Y, Shi M. Chronic intermittent hypobaric hypoxia improves iron metabolism disorders via the IL-6/JAK2/STAT3 and Epo/STAT5/ERFE signaling pathways in metabolic syndrome rats. J Trace Elem Med Biol 2023; 79:127259. [PMID: 37413927 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2023.127259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2023] [Revised: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 07/08/2023]
Abstract
AIM Our previous study demonstrated that chronic intermittent hypobaric hypoxia (CIHH) improved iron metabolism disorder in obese rats through the downregulation of hepcidin. This study aimed to observe the molecular mechanism of CIHH in improving iron metabolism disorders, especially by Janus kinase/signal transducer and activation of the transcription (JAK/STAT) signaling pathway in metabolic syndrome (MS) rats. METHODS Six-week-old male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into four groups: CON, CIHH (subjected to hypobaric hypoxia simulating 5000-m altitude for 28 days, 6 h daily), MS (induced by high fat diet and fructose water), and MS+CIHH. The serum levels of glucose, lipid metabolism, iron metabolism, interleukin-6 (IL-6), erythropoietin (Epo) and hepcidin were measured. The protein expressions of JAK2, STAT3, STAT5, bone morphogenetic protein 6 (BMP6), small mothers against decapentaplegic 1 (SMAD1) and hepcidin were examined. The mRNA expressions of erythroferrone (ERFE) and hepcidin were analyzed. RESULTS The MS rats displayed obesity, hyperglycemia, hyperlipidemia, iron metabolism disorder, increased IL-6 and hepcidin serum levels, upregulation of JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway, decreased Epo serum levels, downregulation of STAT5/ERFE signaling pathway in spleen, upregulation of BMP/SMAD signaling pathway in liver, and increased hepcidin mRNA and protein expression compared to CON rats. All the aforementioned abnormalities in MS rats were ameliorated in MS + CIHH rats. CONCLUSIONS CIHH improved iron metabolism disorders, possibly by inhibiting IL-6/JAK2/STAT3 and activating Epo/STAT5/ERFE signaling pathway, thus downregulating hepcidin in MS rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Cui
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, the Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050000, PR China; Department of Electron Microscope Laboratory Centre, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, PR China
| | - Jie Sun
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Affiliated Taian City Central Hospital of Qingdao University, Taian 271000, PR China
| | - Haichao Mi
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Linyi Peoples' Hospital, Linyi 276000, PR China
| | - Bo Li
- Department of Emergency, Shijiazhuang Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shijiazhuang, 050001, Hebei, PR China
| | - Longmei Tang
- School of Public Health, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, PR China; Hebei Province Key Laboratory of Environment and Human Health, Shijiazhuang 050017, PR China
| | - Ruotong Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, the Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050000, PR China
| | - Yutao Du
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, the Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050000, PR China
| | - Bingyan Guo
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, the Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050000, PR China
| | - Yongjun Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, the Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050000, PR China
| | - Min Shi
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, the Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050000, PR China.
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Ranjbaran M, Kadkhodaee M, Adelipour M, Hafazeh L, Lorian K, Seifi B. A comparison between centrally and systemically administered erythropoietin on kidney protection in a model of fixed-volume hemorrhagic shock in male rats. Mol Biol Rep 2023; 50:4781-4789. [PMID: 37024748 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-023-08412-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 04/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In this study, a comparison between centrally and systemically administered erythropoietin (EPO) was performed on nephroprotection during hemorrhagic shock (HS) in male rats. METHODS Male rats were allocated into four experimental groups. (1) Sham; a guide cannula was inserted into the left lateral ventricle and other cannulas were placed into the left femoral artery and vein. (2) HS; stereotaxic surgery was done to insert a cannula in the left lateral ventricle and after a 7-day recovery; hemorrhagic shock and resuscitation were performed. (3) EPO-systemic; the procedure was the same as the HS group except that animals received 300 IU/kg erythropoietin into the femoral vein immediately before resuscitation. (4) EPO-central; animals was treated with erythropoietin (2 IU/rat) into the left lateral ventricle before resuscitation. Arterial oxygen saturation (SaO2) was measured during experiments. Urine and renal tissue samples were stored for ex-vivo indices assessments. RESULTS Erythropoietin (systemically/centrally administered) significantly improved SaO2, renal functional and oxidative stress parameters and decreased renal inflammatory (TNF-α and IL-6) mRNA expression compared to the HS group. EPO-treated groups showed a decrease in active form of caspase-3 protein level and an increase in autophagy activity in comparison with the HS group. CONCLUSION Considering the fact that the effective dose of systemic EPO (300 IU/kg) was roughly 50 times higher than that of central administration (2 IU/rat), centrally administered EPO was accompanied by more advantageous consequences than systemic way. EPO is likely to act as a neuro-modulator or neuro-mediator in the central protection of organs including the kidneys.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mina Ranjbaran
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehri Kadkhodaee
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Adelipour
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Leila Hafazeh
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Keivan Lorian
- Research and clinical center for infertility, Yazd Rreproductive Sciences Institute, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Behjat Seifi
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Wang S, Zhao Y, Yang J, Liu S, Ni W, Bai X, Yang Z, Zhao D, Liu M. Ginseng polysaccharide attenuates red blood cells oxidative stress injury by regulating red blood cells glycolysis and liver gluconeogenesis. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 300:115716. [PMID: 36122792 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2022.115716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2022] [Revised: 09/05/2022] [Accepted: 09/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Panax ginseng C.A. Mey (PG) is famous for "Qi-tonifying" effect, which has a medicinal history of more than 2 millennia. Modern pharmacology has confirmed that the "Qi-tonifying" effect of PG may be closely related to its pharmacological properties such as anti-oxidation, antineoplastic and treatment of cardiovascular disease. As one of the earliest cells affected by oxidative stress, RBCs are widely used in the diagnosis of diseases. Ginseng polysaccharide (GPS), is one of the major active components of PG, which plays an important role in resisting oxidative stress, affecting energy metabolism and other effects. However, the molecular mechanism explaining the "Qi-tonifying" effect of GPS from the perspective of RBCs oxidative damage has not been reported. AIM OF THE STUDY This study aimed to investigate the protective effect of GPS on oxidatively damaged RBCs using in vitro and in vivo models and explore the molecular mechanisms from the perspective of glycolysis and gluconeogenesis pathways. To provides a theoretical basis for the future research of antioxidant drugs. MATERIALS AND METHODS Established three different in vitro and in vivo research models: an in vitro model of RBCs exposed to hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) (40 mM), an in vivo model of RBCs from rats subjected to exhaustive swimming, and an in vitro model of BRL-3A cells exposed to H2O2 (25 μM). All three models were also tested in the presence of different concentrations of GPS. RESULTS The findings showed that GPS was the most potent antagonist of H2O2-induced hemolysis and redox inbalance in RBCs. In exhaustive exercise rats, GPS ameliorated RBVs hemolysis, including reducing whole-blood viscosity (WBV), improving deformability, oxygen-carrying and -releasing capacities, which was related to the enhancing of antioxidant capacity. Moreover, GPS promoted RBCs glycolysis in rats with exhaustive exercise by recovering the activities of glycolysis-related enzymes and increasing band 3 protein expression, thereby regulating the imbalance of energy metabolism caused by oxidative stress. Furthermore, we demonstrated that GPS improved antioxidant defense system, enhanced energy metabolism, and regulated gluconeogenesis via activating PPAR gamma co-activator 1 alpha (PGC-1α) pathway in H2O2-exposed BRL-3A cells. Mechanistically, GPS promoted glycolysis and protected RBCs from oxidative injury was partly dependent on the regulation of gluconeogenesis, as inhibition of gluconeogenesis by metformin (Met) attenuates the regulation of antioxidant enzymes and key enzymes of glycolytic by GPS in exhaustive exercise rats. CONCLUSION This study demonstrates that GPS protects RBCs from oxidative stress damage by promoting RBCs glycolysis and liver gluconeogenesis pathways. These results may contribute to the study of new RBCs treatments to boost antioxidant capacity and protect RBCs against oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siming Wang
- Northeast Asian Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, 1035 Boshuo Road, Changchun, Jilin, 130117, China.
| | - Yuchu Zhao
- Northeast Asian Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, 1035 Boshuo Road, Changchun, Jilin, 130117, China.
| | - Junjie Yang
- Northeast Asian Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, 1035 Boshuo Road, Changchun, Jilin, 130117, China.
| | - Shichao Liu
- Academic Affairs Office, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, 1035 Boshuo Road, Changchun, Jilin, 130117, China.
| | - Weifeng Ni
- Northeast Asian Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, 1035 Boshuo Road, Changchun, Jilin, 130117, China.
| | - Xueyuan Bai
- Northeast Asian Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, 1035 Boshuo Road, Changchun, Jilin, 130117, China.
| | - Ze Yang
- School of Pharmacy, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, 1035 Boshuo Road, Changchun, Jilin, 130117, China.
| | - Daqing Zhao
- Northeast Asian Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, 1035 Boshuo Road, Changchun, Jilin, 130117, China.
| | - Meichen Liu
- Northeast Asian Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, 1035 Boshuo Road, Changchun, Jilin, 130117, China.
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Yehuda GA, Somekh J. A methodology for classifying tissue-specific metabolic and inflammatory receptor functions applied to subcutaneous and visceral adipose. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0276699. [PMID: 36282842 PMCID: PMC9595531 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0276699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2022] [Accepted: 10/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
To achieve homeostasis, the human biological system relies on the interaction between organs through the binding of ligands secreted from source organs to receptors located on destination organs. Currently, the changing roles that receptors perform in tissues are only partially understood. Recently, a methodology based on receptor co-expression patterns to classify their tissue-specific metabolic functions was suggested. Here we present an advanced framework to predict an additional class of inflammatory receptors that use a feature space of biological pathway enrichment analysis scores of co-expression networks and their eigengene correlations. These are fed into three machine learning classifiers-eXtreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost), Support Vector Machines (SVM), and K-Nearest Neighbors (k-NN). We applied our methodology to subcutaneous and visceral adipose gene expression datasets derived from the GTEx (Genotype-Tissue Expression) project and compared the predictions. The XGBoost model demonstrated the best performance in predicting the pre-labeled receptors, with an accuracy of 0.89/0.8 in subcutaneous/visceral adipose. We analyzed ~700 receptors to predict eight new metabolic and 15 new inflammatory functions of receptors and four new metabolic functions for known inflammatory receptors in both adipose tissues. We cross-referenced multiple predictions using the published literature. Our results establish a picture of the changing functions of receptors for two adipose tissues that can be beneficial for drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Judith Somekh
- Information Systems, University of Haifa, Haifa, Israel
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9
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Aboouf MA, Guscetti F, von Büren N, Armbruster J, Ademi H, Ruetten M, Meléndez-Rodríguez F, Rülicke T, Seymer A, Jacobs RA, Schneider Gasser EM, Aragones J, Neumann D, Gassmann M, Thiersch M. Erythropoietin receptor regulates tumor mitochondrial biogenesis through iNOS and pAKT. Front Oncol 2022; 12:976961. [PMID: 36052260 PMCID: PMC9425774 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.976961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Erythropoietin receptor (EPOR) is widely expressed in healthy and malignant tissues. In certain malignancies, EPOR stimulates tumor growth. In healthy tissues, EPOR controls processes other than erythropoiesis, including mitochondrial metabolism. We hypothesized that EPOR also controls the mitochondrial metabolism in cancer cells. To test this hypothesis, we generated EPOR-knockdown cancer cells to grow tumor xenografts in mice and analyzed tumor cellular respiration via high-resolution respirometry. Furthermore, we analyzed cellular respiratory control, mitochondrial content, and regulators of mitochondrial biogenesis in vivo and in vitro in different cancer cell lines. Our results show that EPOR controls tumor growth and mitochondrial biogenesis in tumors by controlling the levels of both, pAKT and inducible NO synthase (iNOS). Furthermore, we observed that the expression of EPOR is associated with the expression of the mitochondrial marker VDAC1 in tissue arrays of lung cancer patients, suggesting that EPOR indeed helps to regulate mitochondrial biogenesis in tumors of cancer patients. Thus, our data imply that EPOR not only stimulates tumor growth but also regulates tumor metabolism and is a target for direct intervention against progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mostafa A. Aboouf
- Institute of Veterinary Physiology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Zurich Center for Integrative Human Physiology (ZIHP), University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Center for Clinical Studies, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Franco Guscetti
- Institute of Veterinary Pathology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Nadine von Büren
- Institute of Veterinary Physiology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Center for Clinical Studies, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Julia Armbruster
- Institute of Veterinary Physiology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Center for Clinical Studies, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Hyrije Ademi
- Institute of Veterinary Physiology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Center for Clinical Studies, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Maja Ruetten
- PathoVet AG, Pathology Diagnostic Laboratory, Tagelswangen, Switzerland
| | | | - Thomas Rülicke
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Alexander Seymer
- Department for Sociology and Social Geography, Paris Lodron University of Salzburg (PLUS), Salzburg, Austria
| | - Robert A. Jacobs
- Department of Human Physiology & Nutrition, University of Colorado Colorado Springs (UCCS), Colorado Springs, CO, United States
| | - Edith M. Schneider Gasser
- Institute of Veterinary Physiology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Center of Neuroscience Zurich (ZNZ), University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Julian Aragones
- Hospital Universitario Santa Cristina, Autonomous University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Drorit Neumann
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Max Gassmann
- Institute of Veterinary Physiology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Zurich Center for Integrative Human Physiology (ZIHP), University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Markus Thiersch
- Institute of Veterinary Physiology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Zurich Center for Integrative Human Physiology (ZIHP), University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Center for Clinical Studies, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- *Correspondence: Markus Thiersch,
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10
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Zhang H, Wang S, Liu D, Gao C, Han Y, Guo X, Qu X, Li W, Zhang S, Geng J, Zhang L, Mendelson A, Yazdanbakhsh K, Chen L, An X. EpoR-tdTomato-Cre mice enable identification of EpoR expression in subsets of tissue macrophages and hematopoietic cells. Blood 2021; 138:1986-1997. [PMID: 34098576 PMCID: PMC8767788 DOI: 10.1182/blood.2021011410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2021] [Accepted: 05/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The erythropoietin receptor (EpoR) has traditionally been thought of as an erythroid-specific gene. Notably, accumulating evidence suggests that EpoR is expressed well beyond erythroid cells. However, the expression of EpoR in non-erythroid cells has been controversial. In this study, we generated EpoR-tdTomato-Cre mice and used them to examine the expression of EpoR in tissue macrophages and hematopoietic cells. We show that in marked contrast to the previously available EpoR-eGFPcre mice, in which a very weak eGFP signal was detected in erythroid cells, tdTomato was readily detectable in both fetal liver (FL) and bone marrow (BM) erythroid cells at all developmental stages and exhibited dynamic changes during erythropoiesis. Consistent with our recent finding that erythroblastic island (EBI) macrophages are characterized by the expression of EpoR, tdTomato was readily detected in both FL and BM EBI macrophages. Moreover, tdTomato was also detected in subsets of hematopoietic stem cells, progenitors, megakaryocytes, and B cells in BM as well as in spleen red pulp macrophages and liver Kupffer cells. The expression of EpoR was further shown by the EpoR-tdTomato-Cre-mediated excision of the floxed STOP sequence. Importantly, EPO injection selectively promoted proliferation of the EpoR-expressing cells and induced erythroid lineage bias during hematopoiesis. Our findings imply broad roles for EPO/EpoR in hematopoiesis that warrant further investigation. The EpoR-tdTomato-Cre mouse line provides a powerful tool to facilitate future studies on EpoR expression and regulation in various non-hematopoietic cells and to conditionally manipulate gene expression in EpoR-expressing cells for functional studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China; and
- Laboratory of Membrane Biology and
| | - Shihui Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China; and
- Laboratory of Membrane Biology and
| | - Donghao Liu
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China; and
| | | | | | | | - Xiaoli Qu
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China; and
| | - Wei Li
- Laboratory of Membrane Biology and
| | - Shijie Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China; and
| | - Jingyu Geng
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China; and
| | - Linlin Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China; and
| | - Avital Mendelson
- Laboratory of Complement Biology, New York Blood Center, New York, NY
| | | | - Lixiang Chen
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China; and
| | - Xiuli An
- Laboratory of Membrane Biology and
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11
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Tsiftsoglou AS. Erythropoietin (EPO) as a Key Regulator of Erythropoiesis, Bone Remodeling and Endothelial Transdifferentiation of Multipotent Mesenchymal Stem Cells (MSCs): Implications in Regenerative Medicine. Cells 2021; 10:cells10082140. [PMID: 34440909 PMCID: PMC8391952 DOI: 10.3390/cells10082140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2021] [Revised: 08/15/2021] [Accepted: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Human erythropoietin (EPO) is an N-linked glycoprotein consisting of 166 aa that is produced in the kidney during the adult life and acts both as a peptide hormone and hematopoietic growth factor (HGF), stimulating bone marrow erythropoiesis. EPO production is activated by hypoxia and is regulated via an oxygen-sensitive feedback loop. EPO acts via its homodimeric erythropoietin receptor (EPO-R) that increases cell survival and drives the terminal erythroid maturation of progenitors BFU-Es and CFU-Es to billions of mature RBCs. This pathway involves the activation of multiple erythroid transcription factors, such as GATA1, FOG1, TAL-1, EKLF and BCL11A, and leads to the overexpression of genes encoding enzymes involved in heme biosynthesis and the production of hemoglobin. The detection of a heterodimeric complex of EPO-R (consisting of one EPO-R chain and the CSF2RB β-chain, CD131) in several tissues (brain, heart, skeletal muscle) explains the EPO pleotropic action as a protection factor for several cells, including the multipotent MSCs as well as cells modulating the innate and adaptive immunity arms. EPO induces the osteogenic and endothelial transdifferentiation of the multipotent MSCs via the activation of EPO-R signaling pathways, leading to bone remodeling, induction of angiogenesis and secretion of a large number of trophic factors (secretome). These diversely unique properties of EPO, taken together with its clinical use to treat anemias associated with chronic renal failure and other blood disorders, make it a valuable biologic agent in regenerative medicine for the treatment/cure of tissue de-regeneration disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asterios S Tsiftsoglou
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
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12
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Nijholt KT, Meems LMG, Ruifrok WPT, Maass AH, Yurista SR, Pavez-Giani MG, Mahmoud B, Wolters AHG, van Veldhuisen DJ, van Gilst WH, Silljé HHW, de Boer RA, Westenbrink BD. The erythropoietin receptor expressed in skeletal muscle is essential for mitochondrial biogenesis and physiological exercise. Pflugers Arch 2021; 473:1301-1313. [PMID: 34142210 PMCID: PMC8302562 DOI: 10.1007/s00424-021-02577-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2021] [Revised: 04/16/2021] [Accepted: 05/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Erythropoietin (EPO) is a haematopoietic hormone that regulates erythropoiesis, but the EPO-receptor (EpoR) is also expressed in non-haematopoietic tissues. Stimulation of the EpoR in cardiac and skeletal muscle provides protection from various forms of pathological stress, but its relevance for normal muscle physiology remains unclear. We aimed to determine the contribution of the tissue-specific EpoR to exercise-induced remodelling of cardiac and skeletal muscle. Baseline phenotyping was performed on left ventricle and m. gastrocnemius of mice that only express the EpoR in haematopoietic tissues (EpoR-tKO). Subsequently, mice were caged in the presence or absence of a running wheel for 4 weeks and exercise performance, cardiac function and histological and molecular markers for physiological adaptation were assessed. While gross morphology of both muscles was normal in EpoR-tKO mice, mitochondrial content in skeletal muscle was decreased by 50%, associated with similar reductions in mitochondrial biogenesis, while mitophagy was unaltered. When subjected to exercise, EpoR-tKO mice ran slower and covered less distance than wild-type (WT) mice (5.5 ± 0.6 vs. 8.0 ± 0.4 km/day, p < 0.01). The impaired exercise performance was paralleled by reductions in myocyte growth and angiogenesis in both muscle types. Our findings indicate that the endogenous EPO-EpoR system controls mitochondrial biogenesis in skeletal muscle. The reductions in mitochondrial content were associated with reduced exercise capacity in response to voluntary exercise, supporting a critical role for the extra-haematopoietic EpoR in exercise performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kirsten T Nijholt
- Department of Cardiology, University Medical Centre Groningen, University of Groningen, HPC AB31, 9700 RB, P.O. Box 30.001, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Laura M G Meems
- Department of Cardiology, University Medical Centre Groningen, University of Groningen, HPC AB31, 9700 RB, P.O. Box 30.001, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Willem P T Ruifrok
- Department of Cardiology, University Medical Centre Groningen, University of Groningen, HPC AB31, 9700 RB, P.O. Box 30.001, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Alexander H Maass
- Department of Cardiology, University Medical Centre Groningen, University of Groningen, HPC AB31, 9700 RB, P.O. Box 30.001, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Salva R Yurista
- Department of Cardiology, University Medical Centre Groningen, University of Groningen, HPC AB31, 9700 RB, P.O. Box 30.001, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Mario G Pavez-Giani
- Department of Cardiology, University Medical Centre Groningen, University of Groningen, HPC AB31, 9700 RB, P.O. Box 30.001, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Belend Mahmoud
- Department of Cardiology, University Medical Centre Groningen, University of Groningen, HPC AB31, 9700 RB, P.O. Box 30.001, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Anouk H G Wolters
- Department of Cell Biology, University Medical Centre Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Dirk J van Veldhuisen
- Department of Cardiology, University Medical Centre Groningen, University of Groningen, HPC AB31, 9700 RB, P.O. Box 30.001, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Wiek H van Gilst
- Department of Cardiology, University Medical Centre Groningen, University of Groningen, HPC AB31, 9700 RB, P.O. Box 30.001, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Herman H W Silljé
- Department of Cardiology, University Medical Centre Groningen, University of Groningen, HPC AB31, 9700 RB, P.O. Box 30.001, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Rudolf A de Boer
- Department of Cardiology, University Medical Centre Groningen, University of Groningen, HPC AB31, 9700 RB, P.O. Box 30.001, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - B Daan Westenbrink
- Department of Cardiology, University Medical Centre Groningen, University of Groningen, HPC AB31, 9700 RB, P.O. Box 30.001, Groningen, The Netherlands.
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13
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Suresh S, Wright EC, Wright DG, Abbott KC, Noguchi CT. Erythropoietin treatment and the risk of hip fractures in hemodialysis patients. J Bone Miner Res 2021; 36:1211-1219. [PMID: 33949002 PMCID: PMC8360057 DOI: 10.1002/jbmr.4297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2020] [Revised: 03/08/2021] [Accepted: 03/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Erythropoietin (EPO) is the primary regulator of bone marrow erythropoiesis. Mouse models have provided evidence that EPO also promotes bone remodeling and that EPO-stimulated erythropoiesis is accompanied by bone loss independent of increased red blood cell production. EPO has been used clinically for three decades to treat anemia in end-stage renal disease, and notably, although the incidence of hip fractures decreased in the United States generally after 1990, it rose among hemodialysis patients coincident with the introduction and subsequent dose escalation of EPO treatment. Given this clinical paradox and findings from studies in mice that elevated EPO affects bone health, we examined EPO treatment as a risk factor for fractures in hemodialysis patients. Relationships between EPO treatment and hip fractures were analyzed using United States Renal Data System (USRDS) datasets from 1997 to 2013 and Consolidated Renal Operations in a Web-enabled Network (CROWNWeb) datasets for 2013. Fracture risks for patients treated with <50 units of EPO/kg/week were compared to those receiving higher doses by multivariable Cox regression. Hip fracture rates for 747,832 patients in USRDS datasets (1997-2013) increased from 12.0 per 1000 patient years in 1997 to 18.9 in 2004, then decreased to 13.1 by 2013. Concomitantly, average EPO doses increased from 11,900 units/week in 1997 to 18,300 in 2004, then decreased to 8,800 by 2013. During this time, adjusted hazard ratios for hip fractures with EPO doses of 50-149, 150-299, and ≥ 300 units/kg/week compared to <50 units/kg/week were 1.08 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.01-1.15), 1.22 (95% CI, 1.14-1.31), and 1.41 (95% CI, 1.31-1.52), respectively. Multivariable analyses of 128,941 patients in CROWNWeb datasets (2013) replicated these findings. This study implicates EPO treatment as an independent risk factor for hip fractures in hemodialysis patients and supports the conclusion that EPO treatment may have contributed to changing trends in fracture incidence for these patients during recent decades. Published 2021. This article is a U.S. Government work and is in the public domain in the USA. Journal of Bone and Mineral Research published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of American Society for Bone and Mineral Research (ASBMR).
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Affiliation(s)
- Sukanya Suresh
- Molecular Medicine Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Elizabeth C Wright
- National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Daniel G Wright
- Molecular Medicine Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Kevin C Abbott
- Division of Kidney, Urologic, and Hematologic Diseases, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Constance T Noguchi
- Molecular Medicine Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
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14
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A Brief Review on Erythropoietin and Mesenchymal Stem Cell Therapies for Paediatric Neurological Disorders. CURRENT STEM CELL REPORTS 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s40778-021-00189-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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15
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Suresh S, Lee J, Noguchi CT. Effects of Erythropoietin in White Adipose Tissue and Bone Microenvironment. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:584696. [PMID: 33330462 PMCID: PMC7732496 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.584696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2020] [Accepted: 10/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Erythropoietin (EPO) is expressed primarily in fetal liver and adult kidney to stimulate red blood cell production. Erythropoietin receptor expression is not restricted to erythroid progenitor cells, and non-erythroid EPO activity includes immune response and bone remodeling. In bone fracture models, EPO administration promotes bone formation and accelerates bone healing. In contrast, in healthy adult mice, exogenous EPO-stimulated erythropoiesis has been concomitant with bone loss, particularly at high EPO, that may be accompanied by increased osteoclast activation. Other EPO-associated responses include reduced inflammation and loss of fat mass with high-fat diet feeding, especially in male mice. While EPO exhibited a sex-dimorphic response in regulation of fat mass and inflammation in obese mice, EPO-stimulated erythropoiesis as well as EPO-associated bone loss was comparable in males and females. EPO administration in young mice and in obese mice resulted in bone loss without increasing osteoclasts, suggesting an osteoclast-independent mechanism, while loss of endogenous EPO decreased bone development and maintenance. Ossicle formation of bone marrow stromal cell transplants showed that EPO directly regulates the balance between osteogenesis and adipogenesis. Therefore, during development, endogenous EPO contributes to normal bone development and in maintaining the balance between osteogenesis and adipogenesis in bone marrow stromal cells, while EPO treatment in mice increased erythropoiesis, promoted bone loss, decreased bone marrow adipogenesis, and increased osteoclast activity. These observations in mouse models suggest that the most prevalent use of EPO to treat anemia associated with chronic kidney disease may compromise bone health and increase fracture risk, especially at a high dose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sukanya Suresh
- Molecular Medicine Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Jeeyoung Lee
- Molecular Medicine Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Constance Tom Noguchi
- Molecular Medicine Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
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16
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Haider T, Diaz V, Albert J, Alvarez-Sanchez M, Thiersch M, Maggiorini M, Hilty MP, Spengler CM, Gassmann M. A Single 60.000 IU Dose of Erythropoietin Does Not Improve Short-Term Aerobic Exercise Performance in Healthy Subjects: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Crossover Trial. Front Physiol 2020; 11:537389. [PMID: 33117187 PMCID: PMC7550763 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2020.537389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2020] [Accepted: 08/26/2020] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Erythropoietin (EPO) boosts exercise performance through increase in oxygen transport capacity following regular administration of EPO but preclinical study results suggest that single high dose of EPO also may improve exercise capacity. Twenty-nine healthy subjects (14 males/15 females; age: 25 ± 3 years) were included in a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled crossover study to assess peak work load and cardiopulmonary variables during submaximal and maximal cycling tests following a single dose of 60.000 IU of recombinant erythropoietin (EPO) or placebo (PLA). Submaximal exercise at 40%/60% of peak work load revealed no main effect of EPO on oxygen uptake (27.9 ± 8.7 ml min–1⋅kg–1/ 37.1 ± 13.2 ml min–1⋅kg–1) versus PLA (25.2 ± 3.7 ml min–1⋅kg–1/ 33.1 ± 5.3 ml min–1⋅kg–1) condition (p = 0.447/p = 0.756). During maximal exercise peak work load (PLA: 3.5 ± 0.6 W⋅kg–1 vs. EPO: 3.5 ± 0.6 W kg–1, p = 0.892) and peak oxygen uptake (PLA: 45.1 ± 10.4 ml⋅min–1 kg–1 vs. EPO: 46.1 ± 14.2 ml⋅min–1 kg–1, p = 0.344) reached comparable values in the two treatment conditions. Other cardiopulmonary variables (ventilation, cardiac output, heart rate) also reached similar levels in the two treatment conditions. An interaction effect was found between treatment condition and sex resulting in higher peak oxygen consumption (p = 0.048) and ventilation (p = 0.044) in EPO-treated males. In conclusion, in a carefully conducted study using placebo-controlled design the present data failed to support the hypothesis that a single high dose of EPO has a measurable impact on work capacity in healthy subjects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Haider
- Institute for Veterinary Physiology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.,Zurich Center for Integrative Human Physiology (ZIHP), Zurich, Switzerland.,Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Zürich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Victor Diaz
- Institute for Veterinary Physiology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Jamie Albert
- Institute of Human Movement Science and Sport, ETH Zürich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Maria Alvarez-Sanchez
- Institute for Veterinary Physiology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Markus Thiersch
- Institute for Veterinary Physiology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Marco Maggiorini
- Institute of Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital of Zürich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Matthias P Hilty
- Institute of Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital of Zürich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Christina M Spengler
- Zurich Center for Integrative Human Physiology (ZIHP), Zurich, Switzerland.,Institute of Human Movement Science and Sport, ETH Zürich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Max Gassmann
- Institute for Veterinary Physiology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.,Zurich Center for Integrative Human Physiology (ZIHP), Zurich, Switzerland
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17
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Noguchi CT. Erythropoietin regulates metabolic response in mice via receptor expression in adipose tissue, brain, and bone. Exp Hematol 2020; 92:32-42. [PMID: 32950599 DOI: 10.1016/j.exphem.2020.09.190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2020] [Revised: 09/14/2020] [Accepted: 09/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Erythropoietin (EPO) acts by binding to erythroid progenitor cells to regulate red blood cell production. While EPO receptor (Epor) expression is highest on erythroid tissue, animal models exhibit EPO activity in nonhematopoietic tissues, mediated, in part, by tissue-specific Epor expression. This review describes the metabolic response in mice to endogenous EPO and EPO treatment associated with glucose metabolism, fat mass accumulation, and inflammation in white adipose tissue and brain during diet-induced obesity and with bone marrow fat and bone remodeling. During high-fat diet-induced obesity, EPO treatment improves glucose tolerance, decreases fat mass accumulation, and shifts white adipose tissue from a pro-inflammatory to an anti-inflammatory state. Fat mass regulation by EPO is sex dimorphic, apparent in males and abrogated by estrogen in females. Cerebral EPO also regulates fat mass and hypothalamus inflammation associated with diet-induced obesity in males and ovariectomized female mice. In bone, EPO contributes to the balance between adipogenesis and osteogenesis in both male and female mice. EPO treatment promotes bone loss mediated via Epor in osteoblasts and reduces bone marrow adipocytes before and independent of change in white adipose tissue fat mass. EPO regulation of bone loss and fat mass is independent of EPO-stimulated erythropoiesis. EPO nonhematopoietic tissue response may relate to the long-term consequences of EPO treatment of anemia in chronic kidney disease and to the alternative treatment of oral hypoxia-inducible factor prolyl hydroxylase inhibitors that increase endogenous EPO production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Constance Tom Noguchi
- Molecular Medicine Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD.
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18
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Tang Z, Yang G, Wang X, Chen F, Liao Z, Zhang Z, Liu Z, Zeng W, Fang M, Wang W, Sun X, Huo G. AKT/GSK-3β/β-catenin signaling pathway participates in erythropoietin-promoted glioma proliferation. J Neurooncol 2020; 149:231-242. [PMID: 32909117 DOI: 10.1007/s11060-020-03602-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2020] [Accepted: 08/23/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Although erythropoietin (EPO) has been proven to significantly promote the proliferation of cancer cells, the mechanism for promoting glioma proliferation is poorly understood. Here, we examined the functional role of the AKT/GSK-3β/β-catenin signaling pathway in the EPO-mediated proliferation of glioma. METHODS The distribution of EPO and Ki-67 among clinical samples with different WHO grades was plotted by Immunological Histological Chemistry analysis. U87 and U251 glioma cell lines were treated with short hairpin RNA targeting (shEPO), recombinant human erythropoietin (rhEPO) and/or AKT-specific inhibitor (MK-2206). The changes in phosphorylated AKT, nuclear β-catenin, cyclin D1 and p27kip1 expression were detected. Cell cycle distributions and glioma proliferation in vitro and in vivo were analyzed. RESULTS The expression level of EPO was significantly elevated with the increase of WHO grade and Ki67 in clinical glioma specimens. In vitro, knockdown of endogenous EPO in U87 and U251 cells effectively block the phosphorylation of AKT and GSK-3β and the expression of nuclear β-catenin. shEPO treatment also significantly decreased the expression of cyclin D1 and increased the expression of p27kip1. The cell cycle transition then slowed down and the proliferation of glioma cells or mouse xenograft tumors both decreased. Treatment of cells or tumors with extra rhEPO reversed the above biological effects mediated by shEPO. rhEPO-induced activation of the AKT/GSK-3β/β-catenin pathway and proliferation were abolished by MK-2206. CONCLUSIONS Our study identified the AKT/GSK-3β/β-catenin axis as a critical mediator of EPO-induced glioma proliferation and further provided a clinically significant dimension to the biology of EPO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaohua Tang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, No. 1 Youyi Road, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Gang Yang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, No. 1 Youyi Road, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Xiaoshu Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, No. 1 Youyi Road, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Feilan Chen
- Laboratory Animal Centre, Chongqing Medical University, No. 1 Youyi Road, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Zhengbu Liao
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, No. 1 Youyi Road, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Zhiwei Zhang
- Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Zili Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, No. 1 Youyi Road, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Wenxin Zeng
- Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Min Fang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, No. 1 Youyi Road, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Wentao Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, No. 1 Youyi Road, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Xiaochuan Sun
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, No. 1 Youyi Road, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Gang Huo
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, No. 1 Youyi Road, Chongqing, 400016, China.
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Deshet-Unger N, Kolomansky A, Ben-Califa N, Hiram-Bab S, Gilboa D, Liron T, Ibrahim M, Awida Z, Gorodov A, Oster HS, Mittelman M, Rauner M, Wielockx B, Gabet Y, Neumann D. Erythropoietin receptor in B cells plays a role in bone remodeling in mice. Theranostics 2020; 10:8744-8756. [PMID: 32754275 PMCID: PMC7392011 DOI: 10.7150/thno.45845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2020] [Accepted: 06/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Erythropoietin (EPO) is a key regulator of erythropoiesis. However, EPO receptors (EPO-Rs) are also expressed on non-erythroid cell types, including myeloid and bone cells. Immune cells also participate in bone homeostasis. B cells produce receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-Β ligand (RANKL) and osteoprotegerin (OPG), two pivotal regulators of bone metabolism. Here we explored the ability of B cells to transdifferentiate into functional osteoclasts and examined the role of EPO in this process in a murine model. Methods: We have combined specifically-designed experimental mouse models and in vitro based osteoclastogenesis assays, as well as PCR analysis of gene expression. Results: (i) EPO treatment in vivo increased RANKL expression in bone marrow (BM) B cells, suggesting a paracrine effect on osteoclastogenesis; (ii) B cell-derived osteoclastogenesis occured in vivo and in vitro, as demonstrated by B cell lineage tracing in murine models; (iii) B-cell-derived osteoclastogenesis in vitro was restricted to Pro-B cells expressing CD115/CSF1-R and is enhanced by EPO; (iv) EPO treatment increased the number of B-cell-derived preosteoclasts (β3+CD115+), suggesting a physiological rationale for B cell derived osteoclastogenesis; (v) finally, mice with conditional EPO-R knockdown in the B cell lineage (cKD) displayed a higher cortical and trabecular bone mass. Moreover, cKD displayed attenuated EPO-driven trabecular bone loss, an effect that was observed despite the fact that cKD mice attained higher hemoglobin levels following EPO treatment. Conclusions: Our work highlights B cells as an important extra-erythropoietic target of EPO-EPO-R signaling and suggests their involvement in the regulation of bone homeostasis and possibly in EPO-stimulated erythropoietic response. Importantly, we present here for the first time, histological evidence for B cell-derived osteoclastogenesis in vivo.
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20
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Narduzzi L, Dervilly G, Audran M, Le Bizec B, Buisson C. A role for metabolomics in the antidoping toolbox? Drug Test Anal 2020; 12:677-690. [DOI: 10.1002/dta.2788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2019] [Revised: 01/30/2020] [Accepted: 03/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Luca Narduzzi
- Laboratoire d’Etude des Résidus et Contaminants dans les Aliments (LABERCA)Oniris, INRAE Nantes France
| | - Gaud Dervilly
- Laboratoire d’Etude des Résidus et Contaminants dans les Aliments (LABERCA)Oniris, INRAE Nantes France
| | - Michel Audran
- Département des analysesAgence Française de Lutte contre le Dopage (AFLD) Châtenay‐Malabry France
| | - Bruno Le Bizec
- Laboratoire d’Etude des Résidus et Contaminants dans les Aliments (LABERCA)Oniris, INRAE Nantes France
| | - Corinne Buisson
- Département des analysesAgence Française de Lutte contre le Dopage (AFLD) Châtenay‐Malabry France
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Suresh S, Rajvanshi PK, Noguchi CT. The Many Facets of Erythropoietin Physiologic and Metabolic Response. Front Physiol 2020; 10:1534. [PMID: 32038269 PMCID: PMC6984352 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2019.01534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2019] [Accepted: 12/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
In mammals, erythropoietin (EPO), produced in the kidney, is essential for bone marrow erythropoiesis, and hypoxia induction of EPO production provides for the important erythropoietic response to ischemic stress, such as during blood loss and at high altitude. Erythropoietin acts by binding to its cell surface receptor which is expressed at the highest level on erythroid progenitor cells to promote cell survival, proliferation, and differentiation in production of mature red blood cells. In addition to bone marrow erythropoiesis, EPO causes multi-tissue responses associated with erythropoietin receptor (EPOR) expression in non-erythroid cells such neural cells, endothelial cells, and skeletal muscle myoblasts. Animal and cell models of ischemic stress have been useful in elucidating the potential benefit of EPO affecting maintenance and repair of several non-hematopoietic organs including brain, heart and skeletal muscle. Metabolic and glucose homeostasis are affected by endogenous EPO and erythropoietin administration affect, in part via EPOR expression in white adipose tissue. In diet-induced obese mice, EPO is protective for white adipose tissue inflammation and gives rise to a gender specific response in weight control associated with white fat mass accumulation. Erythropoietin regulation of fat mass is masked in female mice due to estrogen production. EPOR is also expressed in bone marrow stromal cells (BMSC) and EPO administration in mice results in reduced bone independent of the increase in hematocrit. Concomitant reduction in bone marrow adipocytes and bone morphogenic protein suggests that high EPO inhibits adipogenesis and osteogenesis. These multi-tissue responses underscore the pleiotropic potential of the EPO response and may contribute to various physiological manifestations accompanying anemia or ischemic response and pharmacological uses of EPO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sukanya Suresh
- Molecular Medicine Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Praveen Kumar Rajvanshi
- Molecular Medicine Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Constance T Noguchi
- Molecular Medicine Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
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Maiese K. Cognitive impairment with diabetes mellitus and metabolic disease: innovative insights with the mechanistic target of rapamycin and circadian clock gene pathways. Expert Rev Clin Pharmacol 2020; 13:23-34. [PMID: 31794280 PMCID: PMC6959472 DOI: 10.1080/17512433.2020.1698288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2019] [Accepted: 11/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Introduction: Dementia is the 7th leading cause of death that imposes a significant financial and service burden on the global population. Presently, only symptomatic care exists for cognitive loss, such as Alzheimer's disease.Areas covered: Given the advancing age of the global population, it becomes imperative to develop innovative therapeutic strategies for cognitive loss. New studies provide insight to the association of cognitive loss with metabolic disorders, such as diabetes mellitus.Expert opinion: Diabetes mellitus is increasing in incidence throughout the world and affects 350 million individuals. Treatment strategies identifying novel pathways that oversee metabolic and neurodegenerative disorders offer exciting prospects to treat dementia. The mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) and circadian clock gene pathways that include AMP activated protein kinase (AMPK), Wnt1 inducible signaling pathway protein 1 (WISP1), erythropoietin (EPO), and silent mating type information regulation 2 homolog 1 (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) (SIRT1) provide novel strategies to treat cognitive loss that has its basis in metabolic cellular dysfunction. However, these pathways are complex and require precise regulation to maximize treatment efficacy and minimize any potential clinical disability. Further investigations hold great promise to treat both the onset and progression of cognitive loss that is associated with metabolic disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenneth Maiese
- Cellular and Molecular Signaling, New York, New York 10022
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23
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Siwu Granules and Erythropoietin Synergistically Ameliorated Anemia in Adenine-Induced Chronic Renal Failure Rats. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2019; 2019:5832105. [PMID: 31915448 PMCID: PMC6931032 DOI: 10.1155/2019/5832105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2019] [Revised: 10/19/2019] [Accepted: 11/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Objective Renal anemia in patients with end-stage chronic kidney disease is closely related to the deterioration of cardiac function, renal function, and quality of life. This study involved adenine-induced renal anemic rat models and evaluated the treatment effect of Siwu granules and/or erythropoietin (EPO). Methods Fifty SD rats were randomly divided into 5 groups: control, model, Siwu, EPO, and Siwu plus EPO groups. The expression levels of NO, MDA, SOD, CAT, IL-6, TNF-α, EPO, EPOR, α-SMA, and TGF-β1 were detected in rats after 8 weeks of treatment with Siwu granules and/or EPO. Results After modeling, 47 rats entered the stage of treatment. Siwu plus EPO treatment significantly increased the rat hemoglobin content (p < 0.05) and reduced blood urea nitrogen (p < 0.05) and serum creatinine (p < 0.001). Compared with the control group, the expression of EPO and EPOR in the kidney of rats with renal failure was significantly decreased (p < 0.05). Moreover, the Siwu plus EPO group improved the level of oxidative stress in rats with chronic renal failure and reduced the expression of inflammatory factors. The expression of α-SMA and TGF-β1 in rats with renal failure was higher, but there was no expression in the control group. Conclusion Combined treatment of Siwu granules with EPO increased the expression of EPO and EPOR in the renal tissues and inhibited oxidative stress and inflammatory factors, improving the renal function and anemia.
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24
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Wang Z, Khor S, Cai D. Regulation of muscle and metabolic physiology by hypothalamic erythropoietin independently of its peripheral action. Mol Metab 2019; 32:56-68. [PMID: 32029230 PMCID: PMC6938905 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmet.2019.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2019] [Revised: 11/27/2019] [Accepted: 12/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective The glycoprotein hormone erythropoietin (EPO) is required for erythropoiesis, and the kidney is the primary site of adult EPO synthesis. Limited evidence has suggested that EPO could be detectable in the brain under certain conditions, but it remains unknown if the brain might have its own EPO system for biological functions that are independent of peripheral EPO production and action. We performed this study to address this question using mice under normal conditions versus pathophysiological conditions including aging and dietary obesity. Methods EPO expression was measured in different brain regions as well as in the cerebrospinal fluid. Hypothalamic ventricular EPO was administered to physiologically examine possible therapeutic effects on the conditions of aging and dietary obesity. Body weight, body composition, insulin tolerance, and glucose tolerance were measured to assess the central effects of EPO on metabolic physiology, and muscle strength and histology were analyzed to assess the central effects of EPO on muscle function. In addition, β2-adrenergic receptor knockout bone marrow transplant was employed to determine the potential role of bone marrow in linking the brain to some of these peripheral functions. Results This study revealed that EPO is expressed in the ventromedial hypothalamus in addition to a few other brain regions and is present in the cerebrospinal fluid. Unlike blood EPO concentration, which increased with aging and dietary obesity, hypothalamic EPO decreased in these disease conditions. Therapeutically, aged mice were chronically treated with EPO in the hypothalamic ventricle, showing an increase in lean mass, while body weight and fat mass decreased as a result of a moderate reduction of food intake. Both muscle and metabolic functions were improved by this central treatment, and mechanistically, adrenergic signals to the bone marrow played a role in conveying hypothalamic EPO to these peripheral actions. Dietary obesity was also studied, showing that hypothalamic EPO treatment caused a reduction in food intake and obesity, leading to improved metabolic functions related to decreased fat as well as increased lean mass. Conclusions Hypothalamic EPO plays a role in the central regulation of muscle and metabolic physiology, while its decline contributes to aging and obesity physiology in a manner that is independent of peripheral EPO. Hypothalamic EPO plays a role in regulating muscle and metabolic physiology independently of its peripheral action. Hypothalamic EPO expression and the cerebrospinal fluid EPO concentration decrease in aging and obesity conditions. Hypothalamic EPO treatment blunts the effects of aging and obesity conditions in impairing muscle and metabolic functions. There exists a connection between the hypothalamus and bone marrow in mediating the physiological effects of central EPO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhouguang Wang
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
| | - Sinan Khor
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
| | - Dongsheng Cai
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA; Diabetes Research Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA; Institute for Aging Research, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, 10461, USA.
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25
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Teramo K, Piñeiro-Ramos JD. Fetal chronic hypoxia and oxidative stress in diabetic pregnancy. Could fetal erythropoietin improve offspring outcomes? Free Radic Biol Med 2019; 142:32-37. [PMID: 30898666 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2019.03.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2018] [Revised: 02/26/2019] [Accepted: 03/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Oxidative stress is responsible for microvascular complications (hypertension, nephropathy, retinopathy, peripheral neuropathy) of diabetes, which during pregnancy increase both maternal and fetal complications. Chronic hypoxia and hyperglycemia result in increased oxidative stress and decreased antioxidant enzyme activity. However, oxidative stress induces also anti-oxidative reactions both in pregnant diabetes patients and in their fetuses. Not all type 1 diabetes patients with long-lasting disease develop microvascular complications, which suggests that some of these patients have protective mechanisms against these complications. Fetal erythropoietin (EPO) is the main regulator of red cell production in the mother and in the fetus, but it has also protective effects in various maternal and fetal tissues. This dual effect of EPO is based on EPO receptor (EPO-R) isoforms, which differ structurally and functionally from the hematopoietic EPO-R isoform. The tissue protective effects of EPO are based on its anti-apoptotic, anti-oxidative, anti-inflammatory, cell proliferative and angiogenic properties. Recent experimental and clinical studies have shown that EPO has also positive metabolic effects on hyperglycemia and diabetes, although these have not yet been fully delineated. Whether the tissue protective and metabolic effects of EPO could have clinical benefits, are important topics for future research in diabetic pregnancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kari Teramo
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland.
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26
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Dietary gelatin enhances non-heme iron absorption possibly via regulation of systemic iron homeostasis in rats. J Funct Foods 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2019.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
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27
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Montesanto A, Bonfigli AR, De Luca M, Crocco P, Garagnani P, Marasco E, Pirazzini C, Giuliani C, Romagnoli F, Franceschi C, Passarino G, Testa R, Olivieri F, Rose G. Erythropoietin (EPO) haplotype associated with all-cause mortality in a cohort of Italian patients with Type-2 Diabetes. Sci Rep 2019; 9:10395. [PMID: 31316151 PMCID: PMC6637129 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-46894-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2018] [Accepted: 06/27/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Type-2 Diabetes (T2D), diabetic complications, and their clinical risk factors harbor a substantial genetic component but the genetic factors contributing to overall diabetes mortality remain unknown. Here, we examined the association between genetic variants at 21 T2D-susceptibility loci and all-cause mortality in an elderly cohort of 542 Italian diabetic patients who were followed for an average of 12.08 years. Univariate Cox regression analyses detected age, waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), glycosylated haemoglobin (HbA1c), diabetes duration, retinopathy, nephropathy, chronic kidney disease (CKD), and anaemia as predictors of all-cause mortality. When Cox proportional hazards multivariate models adjusted for these factors were run, three erythropoietin (EPO) genetic variants in linkage disequilibrium (LD) with each other (rs1617640-T/G, rs507392-T/C and rs551238-A/C) were significantly (False Discovery Rate < 0.1) associated with mortality. Haplotype multivariate analysis revealed that patients carrying the G-C-C haplotype have an increased probability of survival, while an opposite effect was observed among subjects carrying the T-T-A haplotype. Our findings provide evidence that the EPO gene is an independent predictor of mortality in patients with T2D. Thus, understanding the mechanisms by which the genetic variability of EPO affects the mortality of T2D patients may provide potential targets for therapeutic interventions to improve the survival of these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alberto Montesanto
- Department of Biology, Ecology and Earth Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036, Rende, Italy
| | | | - Maria De Luca
- Department of Nutrition Sciences, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA
| | - Paolina Crocco
- Department of Biology, Ecology and Earth Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036, Rende, Italy
| | - Paolo Garagnani
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine (DIMES), Alma Mater Studiorum, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.,Clinical Chemistry, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet at Huddinge University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Elena Marasco
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine (DIMES), Alma Mater Studiorum, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Chiara Pirazzini
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine (DIMES), Alma Mater Studiorum, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Cristina Giuliani
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine (DIMES), Alma Mater Studiorum, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Fabio Romagnoli
- Diabetology Unit, IRCCS INRCA, National Institute, Ancona, Italy
| | - Claudio Franceschi
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine (DIMES), Alma Mater Studiorum, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.,IRCCS Istituto delle Scienze Neurologiche di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Passarino
- Department of Biology, Ecology and Earth Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036, Rende, Italy
| | - Roberto Testa
- Clinical Laboratory and Molecular Diagnostics, IRCCS INRCA, Ancona, Italy
| | - Fabiola Olivieri
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, DISCLIMO, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy.,Center of Clinical Pathology and Innovative Therapy, National Institute IRCCS INRCA, Ancona, Italy
| | - Giuseppina Rose
- Department of Biology, Ecology and Earth Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036, Rende, Italy.
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28
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Laouafa S, Iturri P, Arias-Reyes C, Marcouiller F, Gonzales M, Joseph V, Bairam A, Soliz J. Erythropoietin and caffeine exert similar protective impact against neonatal intermittent hypoxia: Apnea of prematurity and sex dimorphism. Exp Neurol 2019; 320:112985. [PMID: 31254520 DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2019.112985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2019] [Revised: 05/21/2019] [Accepted: 06/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Apnea of prematurity (AoP) is associated with severe and repeated episodes of arterial oxygen desaturation (intermittent hypoxia - IH), which in turn increases the number of apneas. So far, there is no data addressing whether IH leads to sex-specific respiratory consequences, neither if drugs targeting AoP are more effective in males or females. We used rat pups for investigating whether IH-mediated increase of apneas is sex-specific. We also tested whether caffeine (treatment of choice of AoP), erythropoietin (Epo - a neuroprotective factor and potent respiratory stimulant), and combination of both (caffeine+Epo) prevent the IH-mediated formation of apneas in a sex-dependent manner. Newborn rats exposed to IH (21% - 10% FIO2-8 h a day - 10 cycles per hour) during postnatal days (P) 3-10 were used in this work. Animals were administered drug vehicle, Epo, caffeine and Epo + caffeine (daily from P3 to P10) gavage. At P10 the frequency of apneas at rest (as an index of respiratory dysfunction induced by IH), and respiratory parameters were measured by plethysmography. Our results showed that IH significantly increases the number of apneas in male but not in female rat pups. Moreover, caffeine and Epo in males similarly prevented the increase of apneas induced by IH, and the administration of both drugs together did not provide a cumulative beneficial effect. No impact of drugs was evidenced in females. Apart from apneas, IH increased the normoxic basal ventilation (ventilation at rest) of male animals, and treatments did not prevent such alteration. Besides, no IH- nor treatment-mediated modulation of basal ventilation was found in the basal ventilation of female animals. Analysis of the activity of pro- and antioxidative molecules revealed that IH induces oxidative stress in the brainstem of male and female animals and that all tested treatments similarly prevented such oxidative imbalance in pups of both sexes. We concluded that neonatal IH and the treatments tested to prevent its respiratory consequences are sex-specific. The mechanics associated with such prevention are directly linked with the prevention of oxidative stress and the maturation of the brain. These findings are relevant to understanding better the AoP disorder and for proposing Epo as a new therapeutical tool.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofien Laouafa
- Centre de Recherche de l'Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Québec, Université Laval, Québec City, Québec, Canada
| | - Pablo Iturri
- Centre de Recherche de l'Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Québec, Université Laval, Québec City, Québec, Canada
| | - Christian Arias-Reyes
- Centre de Recherche de l'Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Québec, Université Laval, Québec City, Québec, Canada; Departamento de Biologia Celular y Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Puras y Naturales, Universidad Mayor de San Andres, La Paz, Bolivia
| | - François Marcouiller
- Centre de Recherche de l'Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Québec, Université Laval, Québec City, Québec, Canada
| | - Marcelino Gonzales
- Instituto Boliviano de Biologia de la Altura, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Mayor de San Andres, La Paz, Bolivia
| | - Vincent Joseph
- Centre de Recherche de l'Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Québec, Université Laval, Québec City, Québec, Canada
| | - Aida Bairam
- Centre de Recherche de l'Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Québec, Université Laval, Québec City, Québec, Canada
| | - Jorge Soliz
- Centre de Recherche de l'Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Québec, Université Laval, Québec City, Québec, Canada; Departamento de Biologia Celular y Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Puras y Naturales, Universidad Mayor de San Andres, La Paz, Bolivia.
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29
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Korlesky C, Kling PJ, Pham DQD, Ovasapyan AA, Leyns CA, Weber MB, Coe CL. Cord Blood Erythropoietin and Hepcidin Reflect Lower Newborn Iron Stores due to Maternal Obesity during Pregnancy. Am J Perinatol 2019; 36:511-516. [PMID: 30193381 PMCID: PMC6431561 DOI: 10.1055/s-0038-1669444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Obesity during pregnancy impedes fetal iron endowment. In adults, both iron depletion and hypoxia stimulate erythropoietin (Epo) production, while hepcidin, the primary iron regulator, is inhibited by Epo and stimulated by obesity. To understand this relationship in fetuses, we investigated obesity, inflammation, and fetal iron status on fetal Epo and hepcidin levels. STUDY DESIGN Epo, hepcidin, C-reactive protein (CRP), and ferritin levels were measured in 201 newborns of 35 to 40 weeks' gestation with historical risk factors for a low fetal iron endowment, including half with maternal obesity. RESULTS Epo was unrelated to fetal size, but Epo was directly related to maternal body mass index (BMI; kg/m2) (p < 0.03) and CRP (p < 0.0005) at delivery. Epo levels were twice as likely to be elevated (≥50 IU/L) while comparing the lowest quartile of ferritin with the upper three quartiles (p < 0.01). Hepcidin was directly related to ferritin (p < 0.001) and indirectly related to maternal BMI (p < 0.015), but BMI became nonsignificant when undergoing multivariate analysis. Hepcidin was unrelated to Epo. CONCLUSION Although some of the fetal responses involving Epo were similar to adults, we did not find a hepcidin-Epo relationship like that of adults, where fetal liver is the site of both hepcidin and Epo production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Colin Korlesky
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI,University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI
| | - Pamela J. Kling
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI,University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI
| | - Daphne Q.-D. Pham
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Parkside, Kenosha, WI
| | - Albina A. Ovasapyan
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Parkside, Kenosha, WI,,North Central Health Care, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI
| | - Cheryl A. Leyns
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Parkside, Kenosha, WI,,Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis
| | - Morgan B. Weber
- University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI,Department of Orthopedics, Case Western Reserve, Cleveland, OH
| | - Christopher L. Coe
- Department of Psychology, Harlow Center for Biological Psychology and University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI
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30
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Katarzynska J, Borkowska A, Czajkowski P, Los A, Szczerbinski L, Milewska-Kranc A, Marcinek A, Kretowski A, Cypryk K, Gebicki J. Flow Mediated Skin Fluorescence technique reveals remarkable effect of age on microcirculation and metabolic regulation in type 1 diabetes. Microvasc Res 2019; 124:19-24. [PMID: 30807771 DOI: 10.1016/j.mvr.2019.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2018] [Revised: 02/22/2019] [Accepted: 02/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
STUDY DESCRIPTION Flow Mediated Skin Fluorescence (FMSF) is a novel technique for non-invasive evaluation of the microcirculation and metabolic regulation. This study describes the diagnostic potential of FMSF for type 1 diabetes (DM1). STUDY POPULATION All study participants, in both the control (n = 31) and DM1 (n = 40) groups, were between the ages of 30-49 y. The patients in the DM1 group had all been suffering from diabetes for at least 10 y. RESULTS The parameters HRindex, HRmax and MR inversely correlate with age and BMI. An unidentified compensatory effect was observed among the younger members of the DM1 group. The majority of DM1 patients with HRindex < 8% showed signs of dysfunctional metabolic regulation. CONCLUSION FMSF appears to be an extremely useful technique for monitoring diabetic patients over time, enabling early diagnosis of potentially dysfunctional microcirculation and metabolic regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Anna Borkowska
- Department of Internal Diseases and Diabetology, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | | | - Agnieszka Los
- Department of Internal Diseases and Diabetology, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Lukasz Szczerbinski
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Internal Medicine, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland
| | | | - Andrzej Marcinek
- Angionica Ltd., Lodz, Poland; Institute of Applied Radiation Chemistry, Lodz University of Technology, Lodz, Poland
| | - Adam Kretowski
- Clinical Research Centre, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland; Department of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Internal Medicine, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Cypryk
- Department of Internal Diseases and Diabetology, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Jerzy Gebicki
- Angionica Ltd., Lodz, Poland; Institute of Applied Radiation Chemistry, Lodz University of Technology, Lodz, Poland.
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Zhang Z, Huang Z, Ong B, Sahu C, Zeng H, Ruan HB. Bone marrow adipose tissue-derived stem cell factor mediates metabolic regulation of hematopoiesis. Haematologica 2019; 104:1731-1743. [PMID: 30792196 PMCID: PMC6717592 DOI: 10.3324/haematol.2018.205856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2018] [Accepted: 02/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Hematopoiesis is dynamically regulated by metabolic cues in homeostatic and stressed conditions; however, the cellular and molecular mechanisms mediating the metabolic sensing and regulation remain largely obscure. Bone marrow adipose tissue remodels in various metabolic conditions and has been recently proposed as a niche for hematopoietic stem cells after irradiation. Here, we investigated the role of marrow adipose tissue-derived hematopoietic cytokine stem cell factor in unperturbed hematopoiesis by selectively ablating the Kitl gene from adipocytes and bone marrow stroma cells using Adipoq-Cre and Osx1-Cre, respectively. We found that both Adipoq-Kitl knockout (KO) and Osx1-Kitl KO mice diminished hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells and myeloid progenitors in the bone marrow and developed macrocytic anemia at the steady-state. The composition and differentiation of hematopoietic progenitor cells in the bone marrow dynamically responded to metabolic challenges including high fat diet, β3-adrenergic activation, thermoneutrality, and aging. However, such responses, particularly within the myeloid compartment, were largely impaired in Adipoq-Kitl KO mice. Our data demonstrate that marrow adipose tissue provides stem cell factor essentially for hematopoiesis both at the steady state and upon metabolic stresses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zengdi Zhang
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Zan Huang
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN, USA.,Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Microbiology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Nutrition and Animal Health, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agriculture University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.,National Center for International Research on Animal Gut Nutrition, Nanjing Agriculture University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Brianna Ong
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Chinmayi Sahu
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Hu Zeng
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.,Department of Immunology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Hai-Bin Ruan
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN, USA .,Center for Immunology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
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Luo B, Wang Z, Zhang Z, Shen Z, Zhang Z. The deficiency of macrophage erythropoietin signaling contributes to delayed acute inflammation resolution in diet-induced obese mice. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2019; 1865:339-349. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2018.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2018] [Revised: 09/10/2018] [Accepted: 10/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Kuban KCK, Heeren T, O’Shea TM, Joseph RM, Fichorova RN, Douglass L, Jara H, Frazier JA, Hirtz D, Taylor HG, Rollins JV, Paneth N. Among Children Born Extremely Preterm a Higher Level of Circulating Neurotrophins Is Associated with Lower Risk of Cognitive Impairment at School Age. J Pediatr 2018; 201:40-48.e4. [PMID: 30029870 PMCID: PMC6684153 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpeds.2018.05.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2018] [Revised: 04/23/2018] [Accepted: 05/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To test the hypothesis that higher blood levels of neurotrophic proteins (proteins that support neuronal survival and function) in the first 2 weeks of life are associated with a lower risk of cognitive impairment at 10 years. STUDY DESIGN We evaluated 812 10-year-old children with neonatal blood specimens enrolled in the multicenter prospective Extremely Low Gestational Age Newborn Study, assessing 22 blood proteins collected on 3 days over the first 2 weeks of life. Using latent profile analysis, we derived a cognitive function level based on standardized cognitive and executive function tests. We defined high exposure as the top quartile neurotrophic protein blood level on ≥2 days either for ≥4 proteins or for a specific cluster of neurotrophic proteins (defined by latent class analysis). Multinomial logistic regression analyzed associations between high exposures and cognitive impairment. RESULTS Controlling for the effects of inflammatory proteins, persistently elevated blood levels of ≥4 neurotrophic proteins were associated with reduced risk of moderate (OR, 0.35; 95% CI, 0.18-0.67) and severe cognitive impairment (OR, 0.22; 95% CI, 0.09-0.53). Children with a cluster of elevated proteins including angiopoietin 1, brain-derived neurotrophic factor, and regulated upon activation, normal T-cell expressed, and secreted had a reduced risk of adverse cognitive outcomes (OR range, 0.31-0.6). The risk for moderate to severe cognitive impairment was least with 0-1 inflammatory and >4 neurotrophic proteins. CONCLUSIONS Persisting elevations of circulating neurotrophic proteins during the first 2 weeks of life are associated with lowered risk of impaired cognition at 10 years of age, controlling for increases in inflammatory proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karl C. K. Kuban
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Neurology, Boston Medical Center
| | - Timothy Heeren
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA
| | - T. Michael O’Shea
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC
| | - Robert M. Joseph
- Department of Anatomy and Neuroanatomy, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston
| | - Raina N. Fichorova
- Laboratory of Genital Tract Biology, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Biology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston
| | - Laurie Douglass
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Neurology, Boston Medical Center
| | - Hernan Jara
- Department of Radiology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston
| | - Jean A. Frazier
- Department of Psychiatry, Eunice Kennedy Shriver Center, UMASS Medical School/ University of Massachusetts Memorial Health Care, Worcester, MA
| | - Deborah Hirtz
- National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, Bethesda, MD
| | - H. Gerry Taylor
- Department of Pediatrics, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH
| | - Julie Vanier Rollins
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC
| | - Nigel Paneth
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics and Pediatrics & Human Development, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI
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Koutsoumparis A, Vassili A, Bakopoulou A, Ziouta A, Tsiftsoglou AS. Erythropoietin (rhEPOa) promotes endothelial transdifferentiation of stem cells of the apical papilla (SCAP). Arch Oral Biol 2018; 96:96-103. [PMID: 30205239 DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2018.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2018] [Revised: 08/10/2018] [Accepted: 09/01/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have attracted worldwide attention for their capacity to repair damaged tissue, immunosuppression, ability to differentiate into several cell types and their secretome. Earlier studies have demonstrated their angiogenic potential in vitro and in vivo. However, little is known regarding pro-angiogenic inducers of stable endothelial transdifferentiation of MSCs. Here, we employed human MSCs from the Apical Papilla (SCAP) and investigated whether recombinant human erythropoietin-alpha (rhEPOa) could act as such inducer. DESIGN Cultured SCAP cells were exposed to rhEPOa and assessed for cell growth kinetics, viability and morphology, as well as their capacity to form capillary tubule structures in selected microenvironments. RT-PCR was used to monitor endothelial markers and activation of EPO/EPOR pathway signaling components; while gelatin zymographies to assess activation of MMP-2. RESULTS rhEPOa treatment initially (48 h) accelerated cell proliferation and allowed SCAP to sprout micro-tubular structures. Morphological and biochemical differentiation was accompanied by activation of MMP-2 and upregulation of PECAM-1, VEGFR2, vWF and VE-cadherin/CDH5. SCAP expressed the cognate EPO-R, while rhEPOa-treated SCAP exhibited higher expression of molecules involved in EPO/EPOR pathway (EPOR and JAK2). CONCLUSION rhEPOa is capable of promoting endothelial transdifferentiation of SCAP which may be of clinical value in treating of ischemic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anastasios Koutsoumparis
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki (A.U.Th), Thessaloniki, GR-54124, Greece
| | - Angelina Vassili
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki (A.U.Th), Thessaloniki, GR-54124, Greece
| | - Athina Bakopoulou
- Department of Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki (A.U.Th), Thessaloniki, GR-54124, Greece
| | - Argyro Ziouta
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki (A.U.Th), Thessaloniki, GR-54124, Greece
| | - Asterios S Tsiftsoglou
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki (A.U.Th), Thessaloniki, GR-54124, Greece.
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Elliot-Portal E, Laouafa S, Arias-Reyes C, Janes TA, Joseph V, Soliz J. Brain-derived erythropoietin protects from intermittent hypoxia-induced cardiorespiratory dysfunction and oxidative stress in mice. Sleep 2018; 41:4985474. [PMID: 29697839 PMCID: PMC6047438 DOI: 10.1093/sleep/zsy072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2018] [Revised: 02/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Study Objectives Based on the fact that erythropoietin (Epo) administration in rodents protects against spatial learning and cognitive deficits induced by chronic intermittent hypoxia (CIH)-mediated oxidative damage, here we tested the hypothesis that Epo in the brain protects against cardiorespiratory disorders and oxidative stress induced by CIH in adult mice. Methods Adult control and transgenic mice overexpressing Epo in the brain only (Tg21) were exposed to CIH (21%-10% O2-10 cycles/hour-8 hours/day-7 days) or room air. After CIH exposure, we used the tail cuff method to measure arterial pressure, and whole-body plethysmography to assess the frequency of apneic episodes at rest, minute ventilation, and ventilatory responses to hypoxia and hypercapnia. Finally, the activity of pro-oxidant (XO-xanthine oxidase, and NADPH) and antioxidant (super oxide dismutase) enzymes was evaluated in the cerebral cortex and brainstem. Results Exposure of control mice to CIH significantly increased the heart rate and arterial pressure, the number of apneic events, and the ventilatory response to hypoxia and hypercapnia. Furthermore, CIH increased the ratio of pro-oxidant to antioxidant enzymes in cortex and brainstem tissues. Both physiological and molecular changes induced by CIH were prevented in transgenic Tg21 mice. Conclusions We conclude that the neuroprotective effect of Epo prevents oxidative damage in the brain and cardiorespiratory disorders induced by CIH. Considering that Epo is used in clinics to treat chronic kidney disease and stroke, our data show convincing evidence suggesting that Epo may be a promising alternative drug to treat sleep-disorder breathing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth Elliot-Portal
- Centre de Recherche de l’Institut Universitaire, de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Québec, Université Laval, Québec City, Québec, Canada
| | - Sofien Laouafa
- Centre de Recherche de l’Institut Universitaire, de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Québec, Université Laval, Québec City, Québec, Canada
| | - Christian Arias-Reyes
- Centre de Recherche de l’Institut Universitaire, de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Québec, Université Laval, Québec City, Québec, Canada
| | - Tara Adele Janes
- Centre de Recherche de l’Institut Universitaire, de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Québec, Université Laval, Québec City, Québec, Canada
| | - Vincent Joseph
- Centre de Recherche de l’Institut Universitaire, de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Québec, Université Laval, Québec City, Québec, Canada
| | - Jorge Soliz
- Centre de Recherche de l’Institut Universitaire, de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Québec, Université Laval, Québec City, Québec, Canada
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Suarez-Mendez S, Tovilla-Zárate CA, Juárez-Rojop IE, Bermúdez-Ocaña DY. Erythropoietin: A potential drug in the management of diabetic neuropathy. Biomed Pharmacother 2018; 105:956-961. [PMID: 30021390 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.06.068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2018] [Revised: 06/06/2018] [Accepted: 06/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Erythropoietin (EPO) is required for promoting the progress of erythroid differentiation. However, the discovery of EPO and the EPO receptor (EPOR) in the nervous system may contribute to new treatment strategies for the use of EPO in neurodegenerative disorders. Diabetic neuropathy is a neurodegenerative disease that affects a large proportion of diabetic patients and results in alterations in functionality, mood and sleep. The pathogenic mechanisms generating diabetic neuropathy involve: Schwannopathy, polyol pathway activity, advanced glycation end-products (AGEs) accumulation, protein kinase C (PKC) activity, increased hexosamine pathway flux, oxidative stress, nitric oxide and inflammation. In this sense, evidence from both clinical and experimental studies indicates that EPO may reverse diabetic neuropathy through an antioxidant action by decreasing pro-inflammatory cytokines, restoring Na+/K+-ATPase activity, and blocking the generation of pro-apoptotic proteins. The aim of this review is to discuss the neuroprotector effect of EPO on pathogenic mechanisms of diabetic neuropathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel Suarez-Mendez
- División Académica de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Juárez Autónoma de Tabasco, Av. Gregorio Méndez 2838-A. Col. Tamulté, C.P. 86100, Villahermosa, Tabasco, Mexico
| | - Carlos Alfonso Tovilla-Zárate
- División Académica Multidisciplinaria de Comalcalco, Universidad Juárez Autónoma de Tabasco, Ranchería Sur, Cuarta Sección, C.P. 86650, Comalcalco, Tabasco, Mexico
| | - Isela E Juárez-Rojop
- División Académica de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Juárez Autónoma de Tabasco, Av. Gregorio Méndez 2838-A. Col. Tamulté, C.P. 86100, Villahermosa, Tabasco, Mexico.
| | - Deysi Y Bermúdez-Ocaña
- División Académica Multidisciplinaria de Comalcalco, Universidad Juárez Autónoma de Tabasco, Ranchería Sur, Cuarta Sección, C.P. 86650, Comalcalco, Tabasco, Mexico.
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Leviton A, Allred EN, Fichorova RN, O'Shea TM, Fordham LA, Kuban KKC, Dammann O. Circulating biomarkers in extremely preterm infants associated with ultrasound indicators of brain damage. Eur J Paediatr Neurol 2018; 22:440-450. [PMID: 29429901 PMCID: PMC5899659 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpn.2018.01.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2017] [Revised: 12/09/2017] [Accepted: 01/20/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
AIM To assess to what extent the blood concentrations of proteins with neurotrophic and angiogenic properties measured during the first postnatal month convey information about the risk of sonographically-identified brain damage among very preterm newborns. METHODS Study participants were 1219 children who had a cranial ultrasound scan during their stay in the intensive care nursery and blood specimens collected on 2 separate days at least a week apart during the first postnatal month. Concentrations of selected proteins in blood spots were measured with electrochemiluminescence or with a multiplex immunobead assay and the risks of cranial ultrasound images associated with top-quartile concentrations were assessed. RESULTS High concentrations of multiple inflammation-related proteins during the first 2 postnatal weeks were associated with increased risk of ventriculomegaly, while high concentrations of just 3 inflammation-related proteins were associated with increased risk of an echolucent/hypoechoic lesion (IL-6, IL-8, ICAM-1), especially on day 7. Concomitant high concentrations of IL6R and bFGF appeared to modulate the increased risks of ventriculomegaly and an echolucent lesion associated with inflammation. More commonly high concentrations of putative protectors/repair-enhancers did not appear to diminish these increased risks. CONCLUSION Our findings provide support for the hypothesis that endogenous proteins are capable of either protecting the brain against damage and/or enhancing repair of damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alan Leviton
- Boston Children's Hospital, and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
| | | | - Raina N Fichorova
- Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | | | - Karl K C Kuban
- Boston Medical Center and Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Olaf Dammann
- Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
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Castillo C, Zaror S, Gonzalez M, Hidalgo A, Burgos CF, Cabezas OI, Hugues F, Jiménez SP, González-Horta E, González-Chavarría I, Gavilán J, Montesino R, Sánchez O, Lopez MG, Fuentealba J, Toledo JR. Neuroprotective effect of a new variant of Epo nonhematopoietic against oxidative stress. Redox Biol 2018; 14:285-294. [PMID: 28987867 PMCID: PMC5975214 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2017.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2017] [Revised: 09/05/2017] [Accepted: 09/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Human erythropoietin is mainly recognized for its hematopoietic function; however, by binding to its receptor (EpoR), it can activate different signaling pathways as STAT, PI3K, MAPK and RAS to increase cellular differentiation or provide neuroprotective effects, among others. A recombinant human erythropoietin variant with low glycosylation and without hematopoietic effect (EpoL) was purified from skimmed goat milk. Recombinant human erythropoietin (Epo) was obtained from CHO cell line and used as control to compare EpoL effects. Neuroprotection studies were performed in PC12 cells and rat hippocampal slices. Cells were pretreated during 1h with EpoL or Epo and exposed to oxidative agents (H2O2 or FCCP); cell viability was assayed at the end of the experiment by the MTT method. Hippocampal slices were exposed to 15min of oxygen and glucose deprivation (OGD) and the neuroprotective drugs EpoL or Epo were incubated for 2h post-OGD in re-oxygenated medium. Cell cultures stressed with oxidative agents, and pretreated with EpoL, showed neuroprotective effects of 30% at a concentration 10 times lower than that of Epo. Moreover, similar differences were observed in OGD ex vivo assays. Neuroprotection elicited by EpoL was lost when an antibody against EpoR was present, indicating that its effect is EpoR-dependent. In conclusion, our results suggest that EpoL has a more potent neuroprotective profile than Epo against oxidative stress, mediated by activation of EpoR, thus EpoL represents an important target to develop a potential biopharmaceutical to treat different central nervous system pathologies related to oxidative stress such as stroke or neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Castillo
- Biotechnology and Biopharmaceutical Laboratory, Pathophysiology Department, Universidad de Concepción, Victor Lamas 1290, P.O. Box 160-C, Concepción, Chile
| | - S Zaror
- Biotechnology and Biopharmaceutical Laboratory, Pathophysiology Department, Universidad de Concepción, Victor Lamas 1290, P.O. Box 160-C, Concepción, Chile
| | - M Gonzalez
- Biotechnology and Biopharmaceutical Laboratory, Pathophysiology Department, Universidad de Concepción, Victor Lamas 1290, P.O. Box 160-C, Concepción, Chile
| | - A Hidalgo
- Biotechnology and Biopharmaceutical Laboratory, Pathophysiology Department, Universidad de Concepción, Victor Lamas 1290, P.O. Box 160-C, Concepción, Chile
| | - C F Burgos
- Laboratory of Screening of Neuroactive Compound, Physiology Department. School of Biological Sciences, Universidad de Concepción, Victor Lamas 1290, P.O. Box 160-C, Concepción, Chile
| | - O I Cabezas
- Clinical Sciences Department, School of Veterinary Sciences, Universidad de Concepción, Avenida Vicente Méndez 595, Chillan, Chile
| | - F Hugues
- Clinical Sciences Department, School of Veterinary Sciences, Universidad de Concepción, Avenida Vicente Méndez 595, Chillan, Chile
| | - S P Jiménez
- Biotechnology and Biopharmaceutical Laboratory, Pathophysiology Department, Universidad de Concepción, Victor Lamas 1290, P.O. Box 160-C, Concepción, Chile
| | - E González-Horta
- Biotechnology and Biopharmaceutical Laboratory, Pathophysiology Department, Universidad de Concepción, Victor Lamas 1290, P.O. Box 160-C, Concepción, Chile
| | - I González-Chavarría
- Biotechnology and Biopharmaceutical Laboratory, Pathophysiology Department, Universidad de Concepción, Victor Lamas 1290, P.O. Box 160-C, Concepción, Chile
| | - J Gavilán
- Laboratory of Screening of Neuroactive Compound, Physiology Department. School of Biological Sciences, Universidad de Concepción, Victor Lamas 1290, P.O. Box 160-C, Concepción, Chile
| | - R Montesino
- Biotechnology and Biopharmaceutical Laboratory, Pathophysiology Department, Universidad de Concepción, Victor Lamas 1290, P.O. Box 160-C, Concepción, Chile
| | - O Sánchez
- Biotechnology and Biopharmaceutical Laboratory, Pathophysiology Department, Universidad de Concepción, Victor Lamas 1290, P.O. Box 160-C, Concepción, Chile
| | - Manuela G Lopez
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, "Instituo Teófilo Hernando", Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Spain
| | - J Fuentealba
- Laboratory of Screening of Neuroactive Compound, Physiology Department. School of Biological Sciences, Universidad de Concepción, Victor Lamas 1290, P.O. Box 160-C, Concepción, Chile
| | - J R Toledo
- Biotechnology and Biopharmaceutical Laboratory, Pathophysiology Department, Universidad de Concepción, Victor Lamas 1290, P.O. Box 160-C, Concepción, Chile.
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Maiese K. Warming Up to New Possibilities with the Capsaicin Receptor TRPV1: mTOR, AMPK, and Erythropoietin. Curr Neurovasc Res 2018; 14:184-189. [PMID: 28294062 DOI: 10.2174/1567202614666170313105337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2017] [Revised: 02/26/2017] [Accepted: 03/03/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Transient receptor potential (TRP) channels are a superfamily of ion channels termed after the trp gene in Drosophila that are diverse in structure and control a wide range of biological functions including cell development and growth, thermal regulation, and vascular physiology. Of significant interest is the transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily V member 1 (TRPV1) receptor, also known as the capsaicin receptor and the vanilloid receptor 1, that is a non-selective cation channel sensitive to a host of external stimuli including capsaicin and camphor, venoms, acid/basic pH changes, and temperature. METHODS Given the multiple modalities that TRPV1 receptors impact in the body, we examined and discussed the role of these receptors in vasomotor control, metabolic disorders, cellular injury, oxidative stress, apoptosis, autophagy, and neurodegenerative disorders and their overlap with other signal transduction pathways that impact trophic factors. RESULTS Surprisingly, TRPV1 receptors do not rely entirely upon calcium signaling to affect cellular biology, but also have a close relationship with the mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR), AMP activated protein kinase (AMPK), and protein kinase B (Akt) that have roles in pain sensitivity, stem cell development, cellular survival, and cellular metabolism. These pathways with TRPV1 converge in the signaling of growth factors with recent work highlighting a relationship with erythropoietin (EPO). Angiogenesis and endothelial tube formation controlled by EPO requires, in part, the activation of TRPV1 receptors in conjunction with Akt and AMPK pathways. CONCLUSION TRPV1 receptors could prove to become vital to target disorders of vascular origin and neurodegeneration. Broader and currently unrealized implementations for both EPO and TRPV1 receptors can be envisioned for for the development of novel therapeutic strategies in multiple systems of the body.
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Ostrowski D, Heinrich R. Alternative Erythropoietin Receptors in the Nervous System. J Clin Med 2018; 7:E24. [PMID: 29393890 PMCID: PMC5852440 DOI: 10.3390/jcm7020024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2018] [Revised: 01/24/2018] [Accepted: 01/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
In addition to its regulatory function in the formation of red blood cells (erythropoiesis) in vertebrates, Erythropoietin (Epo) contributes to beneficial functions in a variety of non-hematopoietic tissues including the nervous system. Epo protects cells from apoptosis, reduces inflammatory responses and supports re-establishment of compromised functions by stimulating proliferation, migration and differentiation to compensate for lost or injured cells. Similar neuroprotective and regenerative functions of Epo have been described in the nervous systems of both vertebrates and invertebrates, indicating that tissue-protective Epo-like signaling has evolved prior to its erythropoietic function in the vertebrate lineage. Epo mediates its erythropoietic function through a homodimeric Epo receptor (EpoR) that is also widely expressed in the nervous system. However, identification of neuroprotective but non-erythropoietic Epo splice variants and Epo derivatives indicated the existence of other types of Epo receptors. In this review, we summarize evidence for potential Epo receptors that might mediate Epo's tissue-protective function in non-hematopoietic tissue, with focus on the nervous system. In particular, besides EpoR, we discuss three other potential neuroprotective Epo receptors: (1) a heteroreceptor consisting of EpoR and common beta receptor (βcR), (2) the Ephrin (Eph) B4 receptor and (3) the human orphan cytokine receptor-like factor 3 (CRLF3).
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Ostrowski
- Department of Biology, Truman State University, Kirksville, MO 63501, USA.
| | - Ralf Heinrich
- Department of Cellular Neurobiology, Institute for Zoology, Georg-August-University Göttingen, 37073 Göttingen, Germany.
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Maiese K. Erythropoietin and mTOR: A "One-Two Punch" for Aging-Related Disorders Accompanied by Enhanced Life Expectancy. Curr Neurovasc Res 2017; 13:329-340. [PMID: 27488211 DOI: 10.2174/1567202613666160729164900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2016] [Revised: 07/12/2016] [Accepted: 07/14/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Life expectancy continues to increase throughout the world, but is accompanied by a rise in the incidence of non-communicable diseases. As a result, the benefits of an increased lifespan can be limited by aging-related disorders that necessitate new directives for the development of effective and safe treatment modalities. With this objective, the mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR), a 289-kDa serine/threonine protein, and its related pathways of mTOR Complex 1 (mTORC1), mTOR Complex 2 (mTORC2), proline rich Akt substrate 40 kDa (PRAS40), AMP activated protein kinase (AMPK), Wnt signaling, and silent mating type information regulation 2 homolog 1 (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) (SIRT1), have generated significant excitement for furthering novel therapies applicable to multiple systems of the body. Yet, the biological and clinical outcome of these pathways can be complex especially with oversight of cell death mechanisms that involve apoptosis and autophagy. Growth factors, and in particular erythropoietin (EPO), are one avenue under consideration to implement control over cell death pathways since EPO can offer potential treatment for multiple disease entities and is intimately dependent upon mTOR signaling. In experimental and clinical studies, EPO appears to have significant efficacy in treating several disorders including those involving the developing brain. However, in mature populations that are affected by aging-related disorders, the direction for the use of EPO to treat clinical disease is less clear that may be dependent upon a number of factors including the understanding of mTOR signaling. Continued focus upon the regulatory elements that control EPO and mTOR signaling could generate critical insights for targeting a broad range of clinical maladies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenneth Maiese
- Cellular and Molecular Signaling, Newark, New Jersey 07101, USA.
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Han XP, Zhang FQ, Tan XS, Liu L, Ma WX, Ou-Yang HF, Wu CG. EPO modified MSCs can inhibit asthmatic airway remodeling in an animal model. J Cell Biochem 2017; 119:1008-1016. [PMID: 28686347 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.26268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2017] [Accepted: 07/05/2017] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
There was no effective measures can be obtained at present to reverse or prevent airway remodeling. We investigated the therapeutic effect of Erythropoietin (EPO) gene modified mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) on asthmatic airway remodeling and the possible underlied molecular mechanisms. EPO gene was transfected into MSCs via lentivirus vector. The transfected cells (EPO-MSCs) were identified by flow cytometry and the EPO secreting function was detected by PCR and Western blot. MSCs or EPO-MSCs were administrated to albumin (OVA)-induced chronic asthmatic mouse model via tail veins. The asthmatic phenotype was analyzed. Number of cells in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) was counted using a hemocytometer. Histological findings of airways were evaluated by microscopic examination. The concentrations of interleukin 4(IL-4), interleukin 5(IL-5), and interleukin 13(IL-13) in lung homogenate were determined by ELISA. The activation state of transforming growth factor-β 1 (TGF-β1), Transforming growth factor beta-activated kinase 1 (TAK1), and p38 Mitogen Activated Protein Kinase (p38MAPK) signaling was detected by Real-Time PCR and Western blotting. EPO-MSCs were successfully constructed. EPO-MSCs showed a more potently suppressive effect on local asthmatic airway inflammation and the level of IL-4, IL-5, and IL-13 in lung tissue than MSCs. Moreover, the numbers of goblet cells, the thicknesses of smooth muscle layer, collagen density, percentage of proliferating cell nuclear antigen positive (PCNA+ ) mesenchymal cells, and von Willebrand factor positive(vWF+ ) vessels were also significantly inhibited by EPO-MSCs. Furthermore, EPO-MSCs could downregulate the expression of TGF-β1, TAK1, and p38MAPK in lung tissue both in mRNA level and in protein level. EPO gene modified MSCs may more efficiently attenuate asthmatic airway remodeling, which maybe related with the downregulation of TGF-β1-TAK1-p38MAPK pathway activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin-Peng Han
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Fang-Qi Zhang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xiang-Shu Tan
- Department of Internal Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Liang Liu
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Wen-Xian Ma
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Hai-Feng Ou-Yang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Baoan District Central Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Chang-Gui Wu
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
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Erythropoietin ameliorates diabetes-associated cognitive dysfunction in vitro and in vivo. Sci Rep 2017; 7:2801. [PMID: 28584284 PMCID: PMC5459814 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-03137-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2017] [Accepted: 04/20/2017] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Several studies indicate that erythropoietin (EPO) has remarkable neuroprotective effects in various central nervous system disorders, while little is known about the effects of EPO in diabetes-associated cognitive dysfunction. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate whether EPO ameliorates diabetes-associated cognitive dysfunction in vivo and in vitro. We investigated the protective effects of EPO on high-glucose (HG)-induced PC12 cell death and oxidative stress. The effects of EPO (300 U/kg administered three times a week for 4 weeks) on diabetes-associated cognitive decline were investigated in diabetic rats. EPO significantly increased cell viability, increased the activity of superoxide dismutase, decreased the production of malondialdehyde and reactive oxygen species, and decreased the apoptosis rate. Additionally, LY294002, a phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) inhibitor, abolished the protective effects of EPO in HG-treated PC12 cells. In diabetic rats, EPO prevented deficits in spatial learning and memory in the Morris water maze test. The results of real-time PCR and Western blotting showed that EPO upregulated EPO receptor, PI3K, and phosphorylated Akt2 relative to unphosphorylated Akt2 (p-Akt2/Akt2) and downregulated glycogen synthase kinase-3β (GSK-3β). These studies demonstrate that EPO is an effective neuroprotective agent in the context of diabetes-associated cognitive dysfunction and show that this effect involves the PI3K/Akt/GSK-3β pathway.
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Takayasu H, Hagiwara K, Masumoto K. Suppressed erythropoietin expression in a nitrofen-induced congenital diaphragmatic hernia. Pediatr Pulmonol 2017; 52:606-615. [PMID: 27880037 DOI: 10.1002/ppul.23640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2016] [Revised: 10/16/2016] [Accepted: 10/30/2016] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Erythropoietin (EPO), an essential stimulator of erythropoiesis produced by the fetal liver, is important both in vascular remodeling and modulation of the endothelial response in the pulmonary vasculature. In addition, EPO guides alveolar development, along with retinoic acid (RA). EPO is a direct target of RA, and the retinoid pathway is altered in the nitrofen-induced congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) model. In the present study, we tested the hypothesis that the synthesis of EPO is suppressed in a rat model of CDH. MATERIALS AND METHODS Pregnant rats were treated with either nitrofen or vehicle on gestational day 9 (D9). Fetuses were sacrificed on D19 and D21 and divided into control and CDH groups. Immunohistochemistry and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) were performed to determine the expression of EPO in the fetal liver and kidney. We also estimated the expression of EPO receptor in the fetal lung. RESULTS The relative EPO mRNA expression in the liver on D19 and in the kidney on D21 were significantly lower in the CDH group than in the controls (P = 0.0008 and P = 0.0064, respectively). In addition, the results of immunohistochemistry supported the findings from the RT-PCR analysis. No significant changes were noted in the expression pattern or EPO receptor levels in the fetal lungs of the CDH group compared to the controls. CONCLUSIONS Our results reveal the suppressed EPO synthesis in the CDH fetus, which may contribute to the pathogenesis of lung hypoplasia and modification of pulmonary vasculature in the CDH rat model. Pediatr Pulmonol. 2017;52:606-615. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hajime Takayasu
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennoudai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8575, Japan
| | - Koki Hagiwara
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennoudai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8575, Japan
| | - Kouji Masumoto
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennoudai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8575, Japan
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Heinrich R, Günther V, Miljus N. Erythropoietin-Mediated Neuroprotection in Insects Suggests a Prevertebrate Evolution of Erythropoietin-Like Signaling. VITAMINS AND HORMONES 2017. [PMID: 28629517 DOI: 10.1016/bs.vh.2017.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The cytokine erythropoietin (Epo) mediates protective and regenerative functions in mammalian nervous systems via activation of poorly characterized receptors that differ from the "classical" homodimeric Epo receptor expressed on erythroid progenitor cells. Epo genes have been identified in vertebrate species ranging from human to fish, suggesting that Epo signaling evolved earlier than the vertebrate lineage. Studies on insects (Locusta migratoria, Chorthippus biguttulus, Tribolium castaneum) revealed Epo-mediated neuroprotection and neuroregeneration. Recombinant human Epo (rhEpo) prevents apoptosis by binding to a janus kinase-associated receptor, stimulation of STAT transcription factors, and generation of factors that prevent the activation of proapoptotic caspases. Insect neurons were also protected by a neuroprotective but nonerythropoietic Epo splice variant, suggesting similarity with mammalian neuroprotective but not with homodimeric "classical" Epo receptors. Additionally, rhEpo promotes the regeneration of neurites in primary cultured insect brain neurons and after nerve crush in an in vivo preparation. In contrast to neuroprotective and regenerative effects shared with mammalian species, no evidence for a role of Epo signaling in the regulation of neuro- or gliogenesis was found in insects. Similar structural and functional characteristics of the Epo binding receptors, partly shared transduction pathways that prevent apoptosis and the functional implication in neuroprotective and neuroregenerative processes in both mammalian and insect species, suggest that Epo-like signaling was already established in their last common ancestor. Originally functioning as a tissue-protective response to unfavorable physiological situations, cell injury, and pathogen invasion, Epo was later adapted as a humoral regulator of erythropoiesis in the vertebrate lineage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ralf Heinrich
- Institute for Zoology and Anthropology, Georg-August-University Goettingen, Goettingen, Germany.
| | - Verena Günther
- Institute for Zoology and Anthropology, Georg-August-University Goettingen, Goettingen, Germany
| | - Natasa Miljus
- Institute for Zoology and Anthropology, Georg-August-University Goettingen, Goettingen, Germany
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Miljus N, Massih B, Weis MA, Rison JV, Bonnas CB, Sillaber I, Ehrenreich H, Geurten BRH, Heinrich R. Neuroprotection and endocytosis: erythropoietin receptors in insect nervous systems. J Neurochem 2017; 141:63-74. [DOI: 10.1111/jnc.13967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2016] [Revised: 12/23/2016] [Accepted: 01/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Natasa Miljus
- Department of Cellular Neurobiology; Institute for Zoology; University of Goettingen; Goettingen Germany
| | - Bita Massih
- Department of Cellular Neurobiology; Institute for Zoology; University of Goettingen; Goettingen Germany
| | - Marissa A. Weis
- Department of Cellular Neurobiology; Institute for Zoology; University of Goettingen; Goettingen Germany
| | - Jan Vincent Rison
- Department of Cellular Neurobiology; Institute for Zoology; University of Goettingen; Goettingen Germany
| | | | | | - Hannelore Ehrenreich
- Clinical Neuroscience; Max Planck Institute of Experimental Medicine; Goettingen Germany
- DFG Center for Nanoscale Microscopy & Molecular Physiology of the Brain (CNMPB); Goettingen Germany
| | - Bart R. H. Geurten
- Department of Cellular Neurobiology; Institute for Zoology; University of Goettingen; Goettingen Germany
| | - Ralf Heinrich
- Department of Cellular Neurobiology; Institute for Zoology; University of Goettingen; Goettingen Germany
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KAUSAR H, GULL S, AHMAD W, AWAN SJ, SARWAR MT, IJAZ B, ANSAR M, ASAD S, HASSAN S. Role of alternative phosphorylation and O-glycosylation of erythropoietinreceptor in modulating its function: an in silico study. Turk J Biol 2017. [DOI: 10.3906/biy-1704-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
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Silva CA, Vicente MC, Tenorio-Lopes L, Soliz J, Gargaglioni LH. Erythropoietin in the Locus coeruleus attenuates the ventilatory response to CO 2 in rats. Respir Physiol Neurobiol 2016; 236:11-18. [PMID: 27818313 DOI: 10.1016/j.resp.2016.10.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2016] [Revised: 09/30/2016] [Accepted: 10/27/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
The Locus coeruleus (LC) is a pontine area that contributes to the CO2/pH chemosensitivity. LC cells express erythropoietin (Epo) receptors (EpoR), and Epo in the brainstem is a potent normoxic and hypoxic respiratory stimulant. However, a recent study showed that the intra-cisternal injection (ICI) of Epo antagonist does not alter the hypercapnic ventilatory response in mice. As ICI leads to a widespread dispersal of the product throughout the brainstem, in this work we evaluated the specific impact of Epo in the LC-mediated ventilatory response to CO2 (by whole body plethysmography) in juvenile male Wistar rats. Normocapnic and hypercapnic ventilation were evaluated before and after unilateral microinjection of Epo (1ng/100nL) into the LC. To evaluate the long-term effect of Epo, the HcVR was re-evaluated 24h later. Our results show that Epo attenuates the hypercapnic ventilation. We conclude that Epo in the LC tunes the hypercapnia-induced hyperpnea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos A Silva
- Department of Animal Morphology and Physiology, Sao Paulo State University-FCAV, Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil
| | - Mariane C Vicente
- Department of Animal Morphology and Physiology, Sao Paulo State University-FCAV, Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil
| | - Luana Tenorio-Lopes
- Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec, Pavillon St. François d'Assise, Département de Pédiatrie, Faculté de Médecine, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Jorge Soliz
- Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec, Pavillon St. François d'Assise, Département de Pédiatrie, Faculté de Médecine, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada.
| | - Luciane H Gargaglioni
- Department of Animal Morphology and Physiology, Sao Paulo State University-FCAV, Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil
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Abstract
The anoxemia theory proposes that an imbalance between the demand for and supply of oxygen in the arterial wall is a key factor in the development of atherosclerosis. There is now substantial evidence that there are regions within the atherosclerotic plaque in which profound hypoxia exists; this may fundamentally change the function, metabolism, and responses of many of the cell types found within the developing plaque and whether the plaque will evolve into a stable or unstable phenotype. Hypoxia is characterized in molecular terms by the stabilization of hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) 1α, a subunit of the heterodimeric nuclear transcriptional factor HIF-1 and a master regulator of oxygen homeostasis. The expression of HIF-1 is localized to perivascular tissues, inflammatory macrophages, and smooth muscle cells adjacent to the necrotic core of atherosclerotic lesions and regulates several genes that are important to vascular function including vascular endothelial growth factor, nitric oxide synthase, endothelin-1, and erythropoietin. This review summarizes the effects of hypoxia on the functions of cells involved in atherogenesis and the evidence for its potential importance from experimental models and clinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gordon A A Ferns
- 1 Department of Medical Education, Brighton & Sussex Medical School, Brighton, United Kingdom
| | - Lamia Heikal
- 1 Department of Medical Education, Brighton & Sussex Medical School, Brighton, United Kingdom
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Deshet-Unger N, Hiram-Bab S, Haim-Ohana Y, Mittelman M, Gabet Y, Neumann D. Erythropoietin treatment in murine multiple myeloma: immune gain and bone loss. Sci Rep 2016; 6:30998. [PMID: 27481313 PMCID: PMC4969594 DOI: 10.1038/srep30998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2016] [Accepted: 07/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Multiple myeloma (MM) is a plasma cell malignancy, characterized by osteolytic lesions and monoclonal immunoglobulins. The anemia, accompanying the disease is often treated with recombinant human EPO. Diverse non-erythropoietic effects of EPO have led us to question its combined action on the immune system and bone in the 5T33MM mouse model. EPO administration to MM mice attenuated disease progression as demonstrated by a decrease in serum MM IgG2b, splenic CD138 expressing cells, IL-6 and RORγτ transcripts in bone marrow (BM). IFN-γ transcript levels and macrophages (F4/80+CD11b+) in the BM both increased ~1.5 fold in the EPO-treated MM mice. In-vitro, EPO stimulated phagocytosis of 5T33MM cells (+30%) by BM-derived macrophages. In contrast, high-resolution microCT analysis of distal femurs revealed EPO-associated bone loss in both healthy and 5T33MM mice. EPO significantly increased expression of the osteoclastogenic nuclear factor-kappa B ligand (RANKL) in healthy mice, but not in MM mice, likely due to antagonizing effects on MM progression. Thus, in MM, EPO may act as a double-edged-sword stimulating immune response, while accelerating bone resorption, possibly via direct action on BM macrophages. This study supports a prudent approach of treating anemia in MM patients, aiming to maintain EPO-associated anti-MM effects, while considering bone damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naamit Deshet-Unger
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Israel
| | - Sahar Hiram-Bab
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Israel.,Department of Anatomy and Anthropology, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Israel
| | - Yasmin Haim-Ohana
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Israel
| | - Moshe Mittelman
- Department of Medicine, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Israel
| | - Yankel Gabet
- Department of Anatomy and Anthropology, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Israel
| | - Drorit Neumann
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Israel
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