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Cecerska-Heryć E, Polikowska A, Serwin N, Michalczyk A, Stodolak P, Goszka M, Zoń M, Budkowska M, Tyburski E, Podwalski P, Waszczuk K, Rudkowski K, Kucharska-Mazur J, Mak M, Samochowiec A, Misiak B, Sagan L, Samochowiec J, Dołęgowska B. The importance of oxidative biomarkers in diagnosis, treatment, and monitoring schizophrenia patients. Schizophr Res 2024; 270:44-56. [PMID: 38851167 DOI: 10.1016/j.schres.2024.05.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Revised: 05/13/2024] [Accepted: 05/26/2024] [Indexed: 06/10/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The etiology of schizophrenia (SCZ), an incredibly complex disorder, remains multifaceted. Literature suggests the involvement of oxidative stress (OS) in the pathophysiology of SCZ. OBJECTIVES Determination of selected OS markers and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in patients with chronic SCZ and those in states predisposing to SCZ-first episode psychosis (FP) and ultra-high risk (UHR). MATERIALS AND METHODS Determination of OS markers and BDNF levels by spectrophotometric methods and ELISA in 150 individuals (116 patients diagnosed with SCZ or in a predisposed state, divided into four subgroups according to the type of disorder: deficit schizophrenia, non-deficit schizophrenia, FP, UHR). The control group included 34 healthy volunteers. RESULTS Lower activities of analyzed antioxidant enzymes and GSH and TAC concentrations were found in all individuals in the study group compared to controls (p < 0.001). BDNF concentration was also lower in all groups compared to controls except in the UHR subgroup (p = 0.01). Correlations were observed between BDNF, R-GSSG, GST, GPx activity, and disease duration (p < 0.02). A small effect of smoking on selected OS markers was also noted (rho<0.06, p < 0.03). CONCLUSIONS OS may play an important role in the pathophysiology of SCZ before developing the complete clinical pattern of the disorder. The redox imbalance manifests itself with such severity in individuals with SCZ and in a state predisposing to the development of this psychiatric disease that natural antioxidant systems become insufficient to compensate against it completely. The discussed OS biomarkers may support the SCZ diagnosis and predict its progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elżbieta Cecerska-Heryć
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Pomeranian Medical University of Szczecin, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland.
| | - Aleksandra Polikowska
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Pomeranian Medical University of Szczecin, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland
| | - Natalia Serwin
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Pomeranian Medical University of Szczecin, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland
| | - Anna Michalczyk
- Department of Psychiatry, Pomeranian Medical University of Szczecin, 71-460 Szczecin, Poland
| | - Patrycja Stodolak
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Pomeranian Medical University of Szczecin, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland
| | - Małgorzata Goszka
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Pomeranian Medical University of Szczecin, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland
| | - Martyn Zoń
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Pomeranian Medical University of Szczecin, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland
| | - Marta Budkowska
- Department of Analytical Medicine, Pomeranian Medical University of Szczecin, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland
| | - Ernest Tyburski
- Department of Health Psychology, Pomeranian Medical University, 71-460 Szczecin, Poland
| | - Piotr Podwalski
- Department of Psychiatry, Pomeranian Medical University of Szczecin, 71-460 Szczecin, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Waszczuk
- Department of Psychiatry, Pomeranian Medical University of Szczecin, 71-460 Szczecin, Poland
| | - Krzysztof Rudkowski
- Department of Psychiatry, Pomeranian Medical University of Szczecin, 71-460 Szczecin, Poland
| | - Jolanta Kucharska-Mazur
- Department of Psychiatry, Pomeranian Medical University of Szczecin, 71-460 Szczecin, Poland
| | - Monika Mak
- Department of Health Psychology, Pomeranian Medical University, 71-460 Szczecin, Poland
| | | | - Błażej Misiak
- Department of Psychiatry, Division of Consultation Psychiatry and Neuroscience, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-368 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Leszek Sagan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Pomeranian Medical University, 71-252 Szczecin, Poland
| | - Jerzy Samochowiec
- Department of Psychiatry, Pomeranian Medical University of Szczecin, 71-460 Szczecin, Poland
| | - Barbara Dołęgowska
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Pomeranian Medical University of Szczecin, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland
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Peeters LD, Wills LJ, Cuozzo AM, Ivanich KL, Turney SE, Bullock LP, Price RM, Gass JT, Brown RW. Modulation of mGlu5 reduces rewarding associative properties of nicotine via changes in mesolimbic plasticity: Relevance to comorbid cigarette smoking in psychosis. Pharmacol Biochem Behav 2024; 239:173752. [PMID: 38521210 PMCID: PMC11088493 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbb.2024.173752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Revised: 02/13/2024] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/25/2024]
Abstract
RATIONALE Antipsychotic medications that are used to treat psychosis are often limited in their efficacy by high rates of severe side effects. Treatment success in schizophrenia is further complicated by high rates of comorbid nicotine use. Dopamine D2 heteroreceptor complexes have recently emerged as targets for the development of more efficacious pharmaceutical treatments for schizophrenia. OBJECTIVE The current study sought to explore the use of the positive allosteric modulator of the mGlu5 receptor 3-Cyano-N-(1,3-diphenyl-1H-pyrazol-5-yl)benzamide (CDPPB) as a treatment to reduce symptoms related to psychosis and comorbid nicotine use. METHODS Neonatal treatment of animals with the dopamine D2-like receptor agonist quinpirole (NQ) from postnatal day (P)1-21 produces a lifelong increase in D2 receptor sensitivity, showing relevance to psychosis and comorbid tobacco use disorder. Following an 8-day conditioning paradigm, brain tissue in the mesolimbic pathway was analyzed for several plasticity markers, including brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), phosphorylated p70 ribosomal S6 kinase (phospho-p70S6K), and cadherin-13 (Cdh13). RESULTS Pretreatment with CDPPB was effective to block enhanced nicotine conditioned place preference observed in NQ-treated animals. Pretreatment was additionally effective to block the nicotine-induced increase in BDNF and sex-dependent increases in cadherin-13 in the ventral tegmental area (VTA), as well as increased phospho-p70S6K in the nucleus accumbens (NAcc) shell found in NQ-treated animals. CONCLUSION In conjunction with prior work, the current study suggests positive allosteric modulation of the mGlu5 receptor, an emerging target for schizophrenia therapeutics, may be effective for the treatment of comorbid nicotine abuse in psychosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Loren D Peeters
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, James H. Quillen College of Medicine, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, TN 37614, United States of America
| | - Liza J Wills
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, James H. Quillen College of Medicine, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, TN 37614, United States of America
| | - Anthony M Cuozzo
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, James H. Quillen College of Medicine, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, TN 37614, United States of America
| | - Kira L Ivanich
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, James H. Quillen College of Medicine, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, TN 37614, United States of America
| | - Seth E Turney
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, James H. Quillen College of Medicine, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, TN 37614, United States of America
| | - Luke P Bullock
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, James H. Quillen College of Medicine, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, TN 37614, United States of America
| | - Robert M Price
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, TN 37614, United States of America
| | - Justin T Gass
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, James H. Quillen College of Medicine, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, TN 37614, United States of America
| | - Russell W Brown
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, James H. Quillen College of Medicine, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, TN 37614, United States of America.
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He WL, Chang FX, Wang T, Sun BX, Chen RR, Zhao LP. Serum brain-derived neurotrophic factor levels in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients and its association with cognitive impairment: A meta-analysis. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0297785. [PMID: 38648255 PMCID: PMC11034647 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0297785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To compare the serum levels of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients with healthy controls (HC) and evaluate the BDNF levels in T2DM patients with/without cognitive impairment. METHODS PubMed, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Library databases were searched for the published English literature on BDNF in T2DM patients from inception to December 2022. The BDNF data in the T2DM and HC groups were extracted, and the study quality was evaluated using the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality. A meta-analysis of the pooled data was conducted using Review Manager 5.3 and Stata 12.0 software. RESULTS A total of 18 English articles fulfilled with inclusion criteria. The standard mean difference of the serum BDNF level was significantly lower in T2DM than that in the HC group (SMD: -2.04, z = 11.19, P <0.001). Besides, T2DM cognitive impairment group had a slightly lower serum BDNF level compared to the non-cognitive impairment group (SMD: -2.59, z = 1.87, P = 0.06). CONCLUSION BDNF might be involved in the neuropathophysiology of cerebral damage in T2DM, especially cognitive impairment in T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wan-li He
- Department of Medical Imaging Center, Gansu Provincial Maternal and Child Care Hospital (Gansu Provincial Central Hospital), Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Fei-xia Chang
- Department of Medical Imaging Center, Gansu Provincial Maternal and Child Care Hospital (Gansu Provincial Central Hospital), Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Tao Wang
- Department of Medical Imaging Center, Gansu Provincial Maternal and Child Care Hospital (Gansu Provincial Central Hospital), Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Bi-xia Sun
- Department of Medical Imaging Center, Gansu Provincial Maternal and Child Care Hospital (Gansu Provincial Central Hospital), Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Rui-rong Chen
- Department of Medical Imaging Center, Gansu Provincial Maternal and Child Care Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Lian-ping Zhao
- Department of Radiology, Gansu Provincial Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
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Mosquera FEC, Guevara-Montoya MC, Serna-Ramirez V, Liscano Y. Neuroinflammation and Schizophrenia: New Therapeutic Strategies through Psychobiotics, Nanotechnology, and Artificial Intelligence (AI). J Pers Med 2024; 14:391. [PMID: 38673018 PMCID: PMC11051547 DOI: 10.3390/jpm14040391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2024] [Revised: 03/29/2024] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The prevalence of schizophrenia, affecting approximately 1% of the global population, underscores the urgency for innovative therapeutic strategies. Recent insights into the role of neuroinflammation, the gut-brain axis, and the microbiota in schizophrenia pathogenesis have paved the way for the exploration of psychobiotics as a novel treatment avenue. These interventions, targeting the gut microbiome, offer a promising approach to ameliorating psychiatric symptoms. Furthermore, advancements in artificial intelligence and nanotechnology are set to revolutionize psychobiotic development and application, promising to enhance their production, precision, and effectiveness. This interdisciplinary approach heralds a new era in schizophrenia management, potentially transforming patient outcomes and offering a beacon of hope for those afflicted by this complex disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Yamil Liscano
- Grupo de Investigación en Salud Integral (GISI), Departamento Facultad de Salud, Universidad Santiago de Cali, Cali 760035, Colombia; (F.E.C.M.); (M.C.G.-M.); (V.S.-R.)
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Primak A, Bozov K, Rubina K, Dzhauari S, Neyfeld E, Illarionova M, Semina E, Sheleg D, Tkachuk V, Karagyaur M. Morphogenetic theory of mental and cognitive disorders: the role of neurotrophic and guidance molecules. Front Mol Neurosci 2024; 17:1361764. [PMID: 38646100 PMCID: PMC11027769 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2024.1361764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2023] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Mental illness and cognitive disorders represent a serious problem for the modern society. Many studies indicate that mental disorders are polygenic and that impaired brain development may lay the ground for their manifestation. Neural tissue development is a complex and multistage process that involves a large number of distant and contact molecules. In this review, we have considered the key steps of brain morphogenesis, and the major molecule families involved in these process. The review provides many indications of the important contribution of the brain development process and correct functioning of certain genes to human mental health. To our knowledge, this comprehensive review is one of the first in this field. We suppose that this review may be useful to novice researchers and clinicians wishing to navigate the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Primak
- Faculty of Medicine, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Kirill Bozov
- Faculty of Medicine, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Kseniya Rubina
- Faculty of Medicine, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Stalik Dzhauari
- Faculty of Medicine, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Elena Neyfeld
- Faculty of Medicine, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
- Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of the Higher Education “A.I. Yevdokimov Moscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry” of the Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
| | - Maria Illarionova
- Faculty of Medicine, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Ekaterina Semina
- Faculty of Medicine, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Dmitriy Sheleg
- Faculty of Medicine, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
- Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of the Higher Education “A.I. Yevdokimov Moscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry” of the Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
| | - Vsevolod Tkachuk
- Faculty of Medicine, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Medical Research and Education Center, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Maxim Karagyaur
- Faculty of Medicine, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Medical Research and Education Center, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
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Zaki MB, Abulsoud AI, Ashraf A, Abdelmaksoud NM, Sallam AAM, Aly SH, Sa'eed El-Tokhy F, Rashad AA, El-Dakroury WA, Abdel Mageed SS, Nomier Y, Elrebehy MA, Elshaer SS, Elballal MS, Mohammed OA, Abdel-Reheim MA, Doghish AS. The potential role of miRNAs in the pathogenesis of schizophrenia - A focus on signaling pathways interplay. Pathol Res Pract 2024; 254:155102. [PMID: 38211386 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2024.155102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Revised: 01/03/2024] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 01/13/2024]
Abstract
microRNAs (miRNAs) play a crucial role in brain growth and function. Hence, research on miRNA has the potential to reveal much about the etiology of neuropsychiatric diseases. Among these, schizophrenia (SZ) is a highly intricate and destructive neuropsychiatric ailment that has been thoroughly researched in the field of miRNA. Despite being a relatively recent area of study about miRNAs and SZ, this discipline has advanced enough to justify numerous reviews that summarize the findings from the past to the present. However, most reviews cannot cover all research, thus it is necessary to synthesize the large range of publications on this topic systematically and understandably. Consequently, this review aimed to provide evidence that miRNAs play a role in the pathophysiology and progression of SZ. They have also been investigated for their potential use as biomarkers and therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Bakr Zaki
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Sadat City, Menoufia 32897, Egypt
| | - Ahmed I Abulsoud
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Heliopolis University, Cairo 11785, Egypt; Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Nasr City 11231, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Alaa Ashraf
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy, Badr University in Cairo (BUC), Badr City, Cairo 11829, Egypt
| | | | - Al-Aliaa M Sallam
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Badr University in Cairo (BUC), Badr City, Cairo 11829, Egypt
| | - Shaza H Aly
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Badr University in Cairo (BUC), Badr City, Cairo 11829, Egypt
| | - Fatma Sa'eed El-Tokhy
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Badr University in Cairo (BUC), Badr City, Cairo 11829, Egypt
| | - Ahmed A Rashad
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy, Badr University in Cairo (BUC), Badr City, Cairo 11829, Egypt
| | - Walaa A El-Dakroury
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Badr University in Cairo (BUC), Badr City, Cairo 11829, Egypt
| | - Sherif S Abdel Mageed
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Badr University in Cairo (BUC), Badr City, Cairo 11829, Egypt
| | - Yousra Nomier
- Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat, Oman
| | - Mahmoud A Elrebehy
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Badr University in Cairo (BUC), Badr City, Cairo 11829, Egypt
| | - Shereen Saeid Elshaer
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Heliopolis University, Cairo 11785, Egypt; Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy (Girls), Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, Cairo 11823, Egypt
| | - Mohammed S Elballal
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Badr University in Cairo (BUC), Badr City, Cairo 11829, Egypt
| | - Osama A Mohammed
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, University of Bisha, Bisha 61922, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Mustafa Ahmed Abdel-Reheim
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Shaqra University, Shaqra 11961, Saudi Arabia; Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University, Beni Suef 62521, Egypt.
| | - Ahmed S Doghish
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Badr University in Cairo (BUC), Badr City, Cairo 11829, Egypt; Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Nasr City 11231, Cairo, Egypt.
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Rivi V, Benatti C, Blom JMC, Pani L, Brunello N, Drago F, Papaleo F, Caraci F, Geraci F, Torrisi SA, Leggio GM, Tascedda F. The Role of Dopamine D3 Receptors, Dysbindin, and Their Functional Interaction in the Expression of Key Genes for Neuroplasticity and Neuroinflammation in the Mouse Brain. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:8699. [PMID: 37240042 PMCID: PMC10218262 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24108699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Revised: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 05/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Cognitive impairment in schizophrenia remains a clinically and pharmacologically unsolved challenge. Clinical and preclinical studies have revealed that the concomitant reduction in dysbindin (DYS) and dopamine receptor D3 functionality improves cognitive functions. However, the molecular machinery underlying this epistatic interaction has not yet been fully elucidated. The glutamate NMDA receptors and the neurotrophin BDNF, with their established role in promoting neuroplasticity, may be involved in the complex network regulated by the D3/DYS interaction. Furthermore, as inflammation is involved in the etiopathogenesis of several psychiatric diseases, including schizophrenia, the D3/DYS interaction may affect the expression levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Thus, by employing mutant mice bearing selective heterozygosis for D3 and/or DYS, we provide new insights into the functional interactions (single and synergic) between these schizophrenia susceptibility genes and the expression levels of key genes for neuroplasticity and neuroinflammation in three key brain areas for schizophrenia: the prefrontal cortex, striatum, and hippocampus. In the hippocampus, the epistatic interaction between D3 and DYS reversed to the wild-type level the downregulated mRNA levels of GRIN1 and GRIN2A were observed in DYS +/- and D3 +/- mice. In all the areas investigated, double mutant mice had higher BDNF levels compared to their single heterozygote counterparts, whereas D3 hypofunction resulted in higher pro-inflammatory cytokines. These results may help to clarify the genetic mechanisms and functional interactions involved in the etiology and development of schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veronica Rivi
- Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy; (V.R.); (C.B.); (J.M.C.B.); (L.P.)
| | - Cristina Benatti
- Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy; (V.R.); (C.B.); (J.M.C.B.); (L.P.)
- Centre of Neuroscience and Neurotechnology, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy
| | - Joan M. C. Blom
- Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy; (V.R.); (C.B.); (J.M.C.B.); (L.P.)
- Centre of Neuroscience and Neurotechnology, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy
| | - Luca Pani
- Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy; (V.R.); (C.B.); (J.M.C.B.); (L.P.)
- Centre of Neuroscience and Neurotechnology, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Miami, Miami, FL 33136, USA
| | - Nicoletta Brunello
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy;
| | - Filippo Drago
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy; (F.D.); (F.C.); (F.G.); (S.A.T.)
| | - Francesco Papaleo
- Department of Neuroscience and Brain Technologies, Italian Institute of Technology, 16132 Genova, Italy;
| | - Filippo Caraci
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy; (F.D.); (F.C.); (F.G.); (S.A.T.)
| | - Federica Geraci
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy; (F.D.); (F.C.); (F.G.); (S.A.T.)
| | - Sebastiano Alfio Torrisi
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy; (F.D.); (F.C.); (F.G.); (S.A.T.)
| | - Gian Marco Leggio
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy; (F.D.); (F.C.); (F.G.); (S.A.T.)
| | - Fabio Tascedda
- Centre of Neuroscience and Neurotechnology, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy;
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Peeters LD, Wills LJ, Cuozzo AM, Ivanich KL, Brown RW. Reinstatement of nicotine conditioned place preference in a transgenerational model of drug abuse vulnerability in psychosis: Impact of BDNF on the saliency of drug associations. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2023:10.1007/s00213-023-06379-7. [PMID: 37160431 DOI: 10.1007/s00213-023-06379-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 05/01/2023] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE Psychotic disorders such as schizophrenia are often accompanied by high rates of cigarette smoking, reduced quit success, and high relapse rates, negatively affecting patient outcomes. However, the mechanisms underlying altered relapse-like behaviors in psychosis are poorly understood. OBJECTIVES The present study analyzed changes in extinction and reinstatement of nicotine conditioned place preference (CPP) and resulting changes in brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in a novel heritable rodent model of psychosis, demonstrating increased dopamine D2 receptor sensitivity, to explore mechanisms contributing to changes in relapse-like behaviors. METHODS Male and female offspring of two neonatal quinpirole-treated (1 mg/kg quinpirole from postnatal day (P)1-21; QQ) and two neonatal saline-treated (SS) Sprague-Dawley rats (F1 generation) were tested on an extended CPP paradigm to analyze extinction and nicotine-primed reinstatement. Brain tissue was analyzed 60 min after the last nicotine injection for BDNF response in the ventral tegmental area (VTA), the infralimbic (IfL) and prelimbic (PrL) cortices. RESULTS F1 generation QQ offspring demonstrated delayed extinction and more robust reinstatement compared to SS control animals. In addition, QQ animals demonstrated an enhanced BDNF response to nicotine in the VTA, IfL and Prl cortices compared to SS offspring. CONCLUSIONS This study is the first to demonstrate altered relapse-like behavior in a heritable rodent model with relevance to comorbid drug abuse and psychosis. This altered pattern of behavior is hypothesized to be related to elevated activity-dependent BDNF in brain areas associated with drug reinforcement during conditioning that persists through the extinction phase, rendering aberrantly salient drug associations resistant to extinction and enhancing relapse vulnerability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Loren D Peeters
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, James H. Quillen College of Medicine, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, TN, 37614, USA
| | - Liza J Wills
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, James H. Quillen College of Medicine, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, TN, 37614, USA
| | - Anthony M Cuozzo
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, James H. Quillen College of Medicine, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, TN, 37614, USA
| | - Kira L Ivanich
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, James H. Quillen College of Medicine, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, TN, 37614, USA
| | - Russell W Brown
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, James H. Quillen College of Medicine, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, TN, 37614, USA.
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Mohammed SM, Hashim ZH, Hussein MM, Al-Mayah QS. Serum brain-derived neurotrophic factor levels in patients with schizophrenia and methamphetamine addiction: correlation with Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE). J Med Life 2023; 16:799-805. [PMID: 37520481 PMCID: PMC10375342 DOI: 10.25122/jml-2022-0250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Accepted: 03/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Methamphetamine use can induce psychosis resembling acute schizophrenia spectrum psychosis, making it challenging to differentiate between the two based on symptoms alone. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) exerts a critical role in hippocampal neural plasticity, influencing critical cognitive functions such as memory and learning. This study aimed to determine the role of serum BDNF levels in schizophrenia and methamphetamine addiction. A case-control study was conducted involving 50 patients with schizophrenia, 50 patients with methamphetamine addiction, and 50 healthy control subjects recruited from Ibn-Rushed Psychiatric Teaching Hospital in Baghdad. Cognitive impairment was assessed using the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), while serum BDNF levels were measured using ELISA following standardized protocols. The findings revealed significantly lower median levels of BDNF (0.36 pg/ml) in patients with schizophrenia compared to both the control group (0.51 pg/ml) and the methamphetamine group (0.72 pg/ml). Moreover, there was a significant difference observed between the methamphetamine group and the control group. At a cut-off value of BDNF=0.37 pg/ml, the sensitivity and specificity of BDNF in differentiating between schizophrenia and methamphetamine addiction were 84% and 70%, respectively. Serum level of BDNF could be used to differentiate between schizophrenia and methamphetamine addiction when clinical distinctions are challenging to detect.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Zainab Hassan Hashim
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Al-Nahrain University, Baghdad, Iraq
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10
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Treatment-Resistant Schizophrenia, Clozapine Resistance, Genetic Associations, and Implications for Precision Psychiatry: A Scoping Review. Genes (Basel) 2023; 14:genes14030689. [PMID: 36980961 PMCID: PMC10048540 DOI: 10.3390/genes14030689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Revised: 03/03/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2023] [Indexed: 03/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Treatment-resistant schizophrenia (TRS) is often associated with severe burden of disease, poor quality of life and functional impairment. Clozapine is the gold standard for the treatment of TRS, although it is also known to cause significant side effects in some patients. In view of the burgeoning interest in the role of genetic factors in precision psychiatry, we conducted a scoping review to narratively summarize the current genetic factors associated with TRS, clozapine resistance and side effects to clozapine treatment. We searched PubMed from inception to December 2022 and included 104 relevant studies in this review. Extant evidence comprised associations between TRS and clozapine resistance with genetic factors related to mainly dopaminergic and serotoninergic neurotransmitter systems, specifically, TRS and rs4680, rs4818 within COMT, and rs1799978 within DRD2; clozapine resistance and DRD3 polymorphisms, CYP1A2 polymorphisms; weight gain with LEP and SNAP-25 genes; and agranulocytosis risk with HLA-related polymorphisms. Future studies, including replication in larger multi-site samples, are still needed to elucidate putative risk genes and the interactions between different genes and their correlations with relevant clinical factors such as psychopathology, psychosocial functioning, cognition and progressive changes with treatment over time in TRS and clozapine resistance.
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11
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Gabryelska A, Turkiewicz S, Ditmer M, Sochal M. Neurotrophins in the Neuropathophysiology, Course, and Complications of Obstructive Sleep Apnea-A Narrative Review. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24031808. [PMID: 36768132 PMCID: PMC9916304 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24031808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2022] [Revised: 12/04/2022] [Accepted: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a disorder characterized by chronic intermittent hypoxia and sleep fragmentation due to recurring airway collapse during sleep. It is highly prevalent in modern societies, and due to its pleiotropic influence on the organism and numerous sequelae, it burdens patients and physicians. Neurotrophins (NTs), proteins that modulate the functioning and development of the central nervous system, such as brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), have been associated with OSA, primarily due to their probable involvement in offsetting the decline in cognitive functions which accompanies OSA. However, NTs influence multiple aspects of biological functioning, such as immunity. Thus, extensive evaluation of their role in OSA might enlighten the mechanism behind some of its elusive features, such as the increased risk of developing an immune-mediated disease or the association of OSA with cardiovascular diseases. In this review, we examine the interactions between NTs and OSA and discuss their contribution to OSA pathophysiology, complications, as well as comorbidities.
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12
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Razeghi E, Mashayekhi F, Ghasemian F, Salehi Z. Effect of in ovo feeding of folic acid on brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and gga-miR-190a-3p expression in the developing cerebral cortex of chickens. Res Vet Sci 2023; 154:73-77. [PMID: 36495713 DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2022.11.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Revised: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Folate plays important role in biosynthesis of purine and pyrimidine nucleotides and is therefore crucial for DNA synthesis and neurogenesis in fetal brains. Many genes comprising brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and miRNAs have been shown to play important role in brain development. Gga-miR-190a-3p targets many genes including BDNF. The aim of this project was to study the effects of in ovo administration of folic acid (FA) on BDNF and gga-miR-190a-3p expression in the cerebral cortex of chick embryo. A total number of 120 hatching eggs with the correct shape and weight were used in this experiment. Forty eggs was injected by FA into the yolk sac at a dose of 150-μg per egg, 40 eggs by PBS (SHAM) on embryonic day 11 and 40 eggs were left without injection as controls. Then the cerebral cortex was collected on E19 and BDNF and gga-miR-190a-3p expression was studied using Real time PCR. The results showed that BDNF expression in the cortex of FA treated, SHAM and controls were 2.06 ± 0.29, 1.12 ± 0.12 and 1.02 ± 0.21 fold changes, respectively and for gga-miR-190a-3p were 0.72 ± 0.08, 0.95 ± 0.09 and 1.007 ± 0.12 fold change, respectively. Statistical analysis showed that there is significant increase in BDNF expression and decreased gga-miR-190a-3p expression in FA injected cerebral cortex as compared either with SHAM or controls. Although, no significant change in BDNF and gga-miR-190a-3p expression were observed between SHAM and controls. It is concluded that in ovo administration of FA increases BDNF and decreases gga-miR-190a-3p expression in the developing chick cerebral cortex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elahe Razeghi
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran
| | - Farhad Mashayekhi
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran.
| | - Fatemeh Ghasemian
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran
| | - Zivar Salehi
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran
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13
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Selvaraj S, Shivakumar V, Kavya PV, Mullapudi T, Bhalerao G, Sreeraj VS, Suhas S, Dinakaran D, Parlikar R, Chhabra H, Narayanaswamy JC, Debnath M, Rao NP, Muralidharan K, Venkatasubramanian G. Neurohemodynamic correlates of BDNF gene expression in schizophrenia patients with working memory deficits: A functional MRI study. Asian J Psychiatr 2022; 77:103261. [PMID: 36181754 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajp.2022.103261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2022] [Revised: 08/18/2022] [Accepted: 09/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) is involved in neuroplasticity underlying cognitive deficits, including working memory deficits (WMD), in schizophrenia. Methodological challenges and inconsistencies are reported with peripheral BDNF levels. Left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) is proposed to underlie WMD, though inconsistently. We aimed to explore the correlations between brain activation during working memory task-based functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) and BDNF gene expression in schizophrenia patients with WMD. METHODS 26 patients with schizophrenia with established WMD were recruited for the study. Blood samples were collected to study lymphocyte BDNF gene expression. Patients underwent task-based fMRI to examine the working memory performance and related brain activation. Whole-brain analysis was performed with 2-back > 0-back and 2-back > rest contrast. The peak intensity values of the activation were used for correlation analysis. RESULTS Whole brain analysis with 2-back > rest contrast revealed maximum activation in left DLPFC, Brodmann area 9 (t = 10.54, FWE corrected p < 0.05). The baseline BDNF gene expression correlated positively with the peak intensity of brain activation in left DLPFC (r = 0.365, p = 0.033). Negative symptom score negatively correlated with BDNF gene expression (r = -0.499, p = 0.005) and left DLPFC fMRI activation (r = -0.393, p = 0.023) respectively. CONCLUSION We found a significant positive association between BDNF gene expression and the activation of the DLPFC during the working memory task. This novel observation needs further systematic evaluation to establish the potential role of peripheral BDNF expression in WMD in schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sowmya Selvaraj
- Department of Psychiatry, National Institute of Mental Health And Neurosciences, Bangalore, India.
| | - Venkataram Shivakumar
- Department of Integrative Medicine, National Institute of Mental Health And Neurosciences, Bangalore, India
| | - Paranthaman V Kavya
- Department of Human Genetics, National Institute of Mental Health And Neurosciences, Bangalore, India
| | - Thrinath Mullapudi
- Department of Human Genetics, National Institute of Mental Health And Neurosciences, Bangalore, India
| | - Gaurav Bhalerao
- Department of Psychiatry, National Institute of Mental Health And Neurosciences, Bangalore, India
| | - Vanteemar S Sreeraj
- Department of Psychiatry, National Institute of Mental Health And Neurosciences, Bangalore, India
| | - Satish Suhas
- Department of Psychiatry, National Institute of Mental Health And Neurosciences, Bangalore, India
| | - Damodharan Dinakaran
- Department of Psychiatry, National Institute of Mental Health And Neurosciences, Bangalore, India
| | - Rujuta Parlikar
- Department of Psychiatry, National Institute of Mental Health And Neurosciences, Bangalore, India
| | - Harleen Chhabra
- Department of Psychiatry, National Institute of Mental Health And Neurosciences, Bangalore, India
| | | | - Monojit Debnath
- Department of Human Genetics, National Institute of Mental Health And Neurosciences, Bangalore, India
| | - Naren P Rao
- Department of Psychiatry, National Institute of Mental Health And Neurosciences, Bangalore, India
| | - Kesavan Muralidharan
- Department of Psychiatry, National Institute of Mental Health And Neurosciences, Bangalore, India
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14
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Sharma K, Zhang Y, Paudel KR, Kachelmeier A, Hansbro PM, Shi X. The Emerging Role of Pericyte-Derived Extracellular Vesicles in Vascular and Neurological Health. Cells 2022; 11:cells11193108. [PMID: 36231071 PMCID: PMC9563036 DOI: 10.3390/cells11193108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2022] [Revised: 09/27/2022] [Accepted: 09/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Pericytes (PCs), as a central component of the neurovascular unit, contribute to the regenerative potential of the central nervous system (CNS) and peripheral nervous system (PNS) by virtue of their role in blood flow regulation, angiogenesis, maintenance of the BBB, neurogenesis, and neuroprotection. Emerging evidence indicates that PCs also have a role in mediating cell-to-cell communication through the secretion of extracellular vesicles (EVs). Extracellular vesicles are cell-derived, micro- to nano-sized vesicles that transport cell constituents such as proteins, nucleic acids, and lipids from a parent originating cell to a recipient cell. PC-derived EVs (PC-EVs) play a crucial homeostatic role in neurovascular disease, as they promote angiogenesis, maintain the integrity of the blood-tissue barrier, and provide neuroprotection. The cargo carried by PC-EVs includes growth factors such as endothelial growth factor (VEGF), connecting tissue growth factors (CTGFs), fibroblast growth factors, angiopoietin 1, and neurotrophic growth factors such as brain-derived neurotrophic growth factor (BDNF), neuron growth factor (NGF), and glial-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF), as well as cytokines such as interleukin (IL)-6, IL-8, IL-10, and MCP-1. The PC-EVs also carry miRNA and circular RNA linked to neurovascular health and the progression of several vascular and neuronal diseases. Therapeutic strategies employing PC-EVs have potential in the treatment of vascular and neurodegenerative diseases. This review discusses current research on the characteristic features of EVs secreted by PCs and their role in neuronal and vascular health and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kushal Sharma
- Oregon Hearing Research Center, Department of Otolaryngology/Head & Neck Surgery, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Yunpei Zhang
- Oregon Hearing Research Center, Department of Otolaryngology/Head & Neck Surgery, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Keshav Raj Paudel
- Centre for Inflammation, Centenary Institute and University of Technology Sydney, Faculty of Science, School of Life Sciences, Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia
| | - Allan Kachelmeier
- Oregon Hearing Research Center, Department of Otolaryngology/Head & Neck Surgery, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Philip M. Hansbro
- Centre for Inflammation, Centenary Institute and University of Technology Sydney, Faculty of Science, School of Life Sciences, Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia
| | - Xiaorui Shi
- Oregon Hearing Research Center, Department of Otolaryngology/Head & Neck Surgery, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-503-494-2997
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15
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Abdolahi S, Zare-Chahoki A, Noorbakhsh F, Gorji A. A Review of Molecular Interplay between Neurotrophins and miRNAs in Neuropsychological Disorders. Mol Neurobiol 2022; 59:6260-6280. [PMID: 35916975 PMCID: PMC9463196 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-022-02966-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2022] [Accepted: 07/17/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Various neurotrophins (NTs), including nerve growth factor, brain-derived neurotrophic factor, neurotrophin-3, and neurotrophin-4, promote cellular differentiation, survival, and maintenance, as well as synaptic plasticity, in the peripheral and central nervous system. The function of microRNAs (miRNAs) and other small non-coding RNAs, as regulators of gene expression, is pivotal for the appropriate control of cell growth and differentiation. There are positive and negative loops between NTs and miRNAs, which exert modulatory effects on different signaling pathways. The interplay between NTs and miRNAs plays a crucial role in the regulation of several physiological and pathological brain procedures. Emerging evidence suggests the diagnostic and therapeutic roles of the interactions between NTs and miRNAs in several neuropsychological disorders, including epilepsy, multiple sclerosis, Alzheimer's disease, Huntington's disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, schizophrenia, anxiety disorders, depression, post-traumatic stress disorder, bipolar disorder, and drug abuse. Here, we review current data regarding the regulatory interactions between NTs and miRNAs in neuropsychological disorders, for which novel diagnostic and/or therapeutic strategies are emerging. Targeting NTs-miRNAs interactions for diagnostic or therapeutic approaches needs to be validated by future clinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Abdolahi
- Shefa Neuroscience Research Center, Khatam Alanbia Hospital, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ameneh Zare-Chahoki
- Neuroscience Research Center, Institute of Neuropharmacology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Farshid Noorbakhsh
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Gorji
- Neuroscience Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
- Department of Neurosurgery, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität, Münster, Germany.
- Department of Neurology and Institute for Translational Neurology, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität, Münster, Germany.
- Epilepsy Research Center, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität, 48149, Münster, Germany.
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16
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Peripheral Blood Levels of Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor in Patients with First Episode Psychosis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Brain Sci 2022; 12:brainsci12040414. [PMID: 35447946 PMCID: PMC9027267 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci12040414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2022] [Revised: 03/12/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Peripheral blood level of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) may be used as a diagnostic and/or prognostic marker for schizophrenia. Previous studies were inconsistent. A systematic review was conducted to examine whether BDNF level is different in patients with first episode psychosis (FEP) compared to health controls (HC) and whether it changes after treatment. Methods: Literature search was done in PubMed, Web of Science, and Google Scholar following standard procedures. Hedges’ g was used as the measure of effect size (ES), which was pooled with random effects model. Publication bias and moderator effects were examined. Results: Search yielded 29 studies with a total sample size of 2912. First meta-analysis included 27 studies with FEP vs. HC comparison. Pooled ES was −0.63, p < 0.001, indicating that BDNF level was lower in FEP than in HC. Studies were heterogeneous, and moderator analysis showed that studies of younger patient, higher symptom severity, and more drug naïve had larger ES. Second meta-analysis examined change in BDNF levels before and after antipsychotic treatment in eight studies. A pooled ES of −0.003 (p = 0.96) showed no change in peripheral BDNF level after treatment. Conclusion: Peripheral BDNF level was decreased in FEP compared to HC, but it did not change after treatment.
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17
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Chokr SM, Milinkeviciute G, Cramer KS. Synapse Maturation and Developmental Impairment in the Medial Nucleus of the Trapezoid Body. Front Integr Neurosci 2022; 16:804221. [PMID: 35221938 PMCID: PMC8863736 DOI: 10.3389/fnint.2022.804221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2021] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Sound localization requires rapid interpretation of signal speed, intensity, and frequency. Precise neurotransmission of auditory signals relies on specialized auditory brainstem synapses including the calyx of Held, the large encapsulating input to principal neurons in the medial nucleus of the trapezoid body (MNTB). During development, synapses in the MNTB are established, eliminated, and strengthened, thereby forming an excitatory/inhibitory (E/I) synapse profile. However, in neurodevelopmental disorders such as autism spectrum disorder (ASD), E/I neurotransmission is altered, and auditory phenotypes emerge anatomically, molecularly, and functionally. Here we review factors required for normal synapse development in this auditory brainstem pathway and discuss how it is affected by mutations in ASD-linked genes.
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18
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Abed-Esfahani P, Darwin BC, Howard D, Wang N, Kim E, Lerch J, French L. Evaluation of deep convolutional neural networks for in situ hybridization gene expression image representation. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0262717. [PMID: 35073334 PMCID: PMC8786163 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0262717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2021] [Accepted: 12/31/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
High resolution in situ hybridization (ISH) images of the brain capture spatial gene expression at cellular resolution. These spatial profiles are key to understanding brain organization at the molecular level. Previously, manual qualitative scoring and informatics pipelines have been applied to ISH images to determine expression intensity and pattern. To better capture the complex patterns of gene expression in the human cerebral cortex, we applied a machine learning approach. We propose gene re-identification as a contrastive learning task to compute representations of ISH images. We train our model on an ISH dataset of ~1,000 genes obtained from postmortem samples from 42 individuals. This model reaches a gene re-identification rate of 38.3%, a 13x improvement over random chance. We find that the learned embeddings predict expression intensity and pattern. To test generalization, we generated embeddings in a second dataset that assayed the expression of 78 genes in 53 individuals. In this set of images, 60.2% of genes are re-identified, suggesting the model is robust. Importantly, this dataset assayed expression in individuals diagnosed with schizophrenia. Gene and donor-specific embeddings from the model predict schizophrenia diagnosis at levels similar to that reached with demographic information. Mutations in the most discriminative gene, Sodium Voltage-Gated Channel Beta Subunit 4 (SCN4B), may help understand cardiovascular associations with schizophrenia and its treatment. We have publicly released our source code, embeddings, and models to spur further application to spatial transcriptomics. In summary, we propose and evaluate gene re-identification as a machine learning task to represent ISH gene expression images.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pegah Abed-Esfahani
- Krembil Centre for Neuroinformatics, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health (CAMH), Toronto, Canada
| | | | - Derek Howard
- Krembil Centre for Neuroinformatics, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health (CAMH), Toronto, Canada
| | - Nick Wang
- Mouse Imaging Centre, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada
| | - Ethan Kim
- Krembil Centre for Neuroinformatics, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health (CAMH), Toronto, Canada
- Institute for Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Jason Lerch
- Mouse Imaging Centre, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada
- Wellcome Centre for Integrative Neuroimaging, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Leon French
- Krembil Centre for Neuroinformatics, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health (CAMH), Toronto, Canada
- Institute for Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
- Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
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19
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Alzoubi KH, Batran RM, Al-Sawalha NA, Khabour OF, Karaoghlanian N, Shihadeh A, Eissenberg T. The effect of electronic cigarettes exposure on learning and memory functions: behavioral and molecular analysis. Inhal Toxicol 2021; 33:234-243. [PMID: 34311661 DOI: 10.1080/08958378.2021.1954732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Objective: Electronic cigarettes (ECIGs) are battery-powered devices that emit vaporized solutions for the user to inhale. ECIGs are marketed as a less harmful alternative to combustible cigarettes. The current study examined the effects of ECIG aerosol exposure on learning and memory, expression of brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), and the activity of antioxidant enzymes in the hippocampus.Methods: Male Wistar rats were exposed to ECIG aerosol, by a whole-body exposure system, 1 h/day for 1 week, 4 weeks, and 12 weeks. Spatial learning and memory were tested using the Radial Arm Water Maze (RAWM). Hippocampal BDNF protein level, and oxidative stress biomarkers (GPx, SOD, GSH, GSSG, GSH/GSSG ratio) were also assessed.Results: ECIG aerosol exposure for 4 and 12 weeks impaired both short- and long- term memory and induced reductions in the hippocampus BDNF, SOD and GPx activities, and GSH/GSSG ratio (p < 0.05). No changes in any examined biomarkers were observed after 1-week exposure to ECIG aerosol (p > 0.05).Conclusions: ECIG aerosol exposure impaired functional memory and elicited changes in brain chemistry that are consistent with reduced function and oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karem H Alzoubi
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Rahaf M Batran
- Department of Legal Medicine, Toxicology and Forensic Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Nour A Al-Sawalha
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Omar F Khabour
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Nareg Karaoghlanian
- Mechanical Engineering Department, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon.,Center for the Study of Tobacco Products, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Alan Shihadeh
- Mechanical Engineering Department, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon.,Center for the Study of Tobacco Products, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Thomas Eissenberg
- Department of Psychology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA.,Center for the Study of Tobacco Products, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
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Mourtzi N, Sertedaki A, Charmandari E. Glucocorticoid Signaling and Epigenetic Alterations in Stress-Related Disorders. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:5964. [PMID: 34073101 PMCID: PMC8198182 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22115964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2021] [Revised: 05/26/2021] [Accepted: 05/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Stress is defined as a state of threatened or perceived as threatened homeostasis. The well-tuned coordination of the stress response system is necessary for an organism to respond to external or internal stressors and re-establish homeostasis. Glucocorticoid hormones are the main effectors of stress response and aberrant glucocorticoid signaling has been associated with an increased risk for psychiatric and mood disorders, including schizophrenia, post-traumatic stress disorder and depression. Emerging evidence suggests that life-stress experiences can alter the epigenetic landscape and impact the function of genes involved in the regulation of stress response. More importantly, epigenetic changes induced by stressors persist over time, leading to increased susceptibility for a number of stress-related disorders. In this review, we discuss the role of glucocorticoids in the regulation of stress response, the mechanism through which stressful experiences can become biologically embedded through epigenetic alterations, and we underline potential associations between epigenetic changes and the development of stress-related disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niki Mourtzi
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes, First Department of Pediatrics, “Aghia Sophia” Children’s Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Medical School, 11527 Athens, Greece; (N.M.); (A.S.)
| | - Amalia Sertedaki
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes, First Department of Pediatrics, “Aghia Sophia” Children’s Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Medical School, 11527 Athens, Greece; (N.M.); (A.S.)
| | - Evangelia Charmandari
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes, First Department of Pediatrics, “Aghia Sophia” Children’s Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Medical School, 11527 Athens, Greece; (N.M.); (A.S.)
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Center of Clinical, Experimental Surgery and Translational Research, Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece
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21
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Irwin MN, VandenBerg A. Retracing our steps to understand ketamine in depression: A focused review of hypothesized mechanisms of action. Ment Health Clin 2021; 11:200-210. [PMID: 34026396 PMCID: PMC8120982 DOI: 10.9740/mhc.2021.05.200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction MDD represents a significant burden worldwide, and while a number of approved treatments exist, there are high rates of treatment resistance and refractoriness. Ketamine, an N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) antagonist, is a novel, rapid-acting antidepressant, however the mechanisms underlying the efficacy of ketamine are not well understood and many other mechanisms outside of NMDAR antagonism have been postulated based on preclinical data. This focused review aims to present a summary of the proposed mechanisms of action by which ketamine functions in depressive disorders supported by preclinical data and clinical studies in humans. Methods A literature search was completed using the PubMed and Google Scholar databases. Results were limited to clinical trials and case studies in humans that were published in English. The findings were used to compile this article. Results The antidepressant effects associated with ketamine are mediated via a complex interplay of mechanisms; key steps include NMDAR blockade on γ-aminobutyric acid interneurons, glutamate surge, and subsequent activation and upregulation of α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid receptor. Discussion Coadministration of ketamine for MDD with other psychotropic agents, for example benzodiazepines, may attenuate antidepressant effects. Limited evidence exists for these effects and should be evaluated on a case-by-case basis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madison N Irwin
- Clinical Pharmacist Specialist in Psychology and Neurology, Department of Pharmacy, Michigan Medicine, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Amy VandenBerg
- Clinical Pharmacist Specialist in Psychology and Neurology, Department of Pharmacy, Michigan Medicine, Ann Arbor, Michigan
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Ramezani M, Ruskey JA, Martens K, Kibreab M, Javer Z, Kathol I, Hammer T, Cheetham J, Leveille E, Martino D, Sarna JR, Gan-Or Z, Pfeffer G, Ismail Z, Monchi O. Association Between BDNF Val66Met Polymorphism and Mild Behavioral Impairment in Patients With Parkinson's Disease. Front Neurol 2021; 11:587992. [PMID: 33584494 PMCID: PMC7874164 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2020.587992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2020] [Accepted: 12/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuropsychiatric symptoms (NPS) are common in Parkinson's disease (PD) and have demonstrated an association with the p. Val66Met, a polymorphism in the BDNF gene. Mild behavioral impairment (MBI) is a validated syndrome describing emergent and persistent NPS in older adults as a marker of potential cognitive decline and dementia. This study investigated if PD patients with the Met allele were more likely to have MBI and whether they had impairments in specific domains of MBI using the Mild Behavioral Impairment Checklist (MBI-C) as the MBI ascertainment tool. One hundred forty-six PD patients were screened for neuropsychiatric and cognitive impairments with the MBI-C and the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA). All participants were genotyped for the BDNF p.Val66Met single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) using TaqMan Genotyping Assay. Statistical analysis was performed using multiple linear and logistic regression models. Met carriers had a 2 times higher likelihood of being MBI positive (MBI-C total score ≥8) than Val carriers. Met carriers had significantly higher MBI-C total scores and significantly greater impairments in the mood/anxiety and the psychotic domains of MBI-C compared to Val carriers. These findings indicate that the BDNF Met allele is associated with a higher neuropsychiatric burden in PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehrafarin Ramezani
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Jennifer A. Ruskey
- Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Kristina Martens
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Mekale Kibreab
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Zainul Javer
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Iris Kathol
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Tracy Hammer
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Jenelle Cheetham
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Etienne Leveille
- Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Davide Martino
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Justyna R. Sarna
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Ziv Gan-Or
- Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Gerald Pfeffer
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Zahinoor Ismail
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Oury Monchi
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
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Ushakova VM, Morozova AY, Reznik AM, Kostyuk GP, Chekhonin VP. Molecular Biological Aspects of Depressive Disorders: A Modern View. Mol Biol 2020. [DOI: 10.1134/s0026893320050118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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24
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Sahay A, Kale A, Joshi S. Role of neurotrophins in pregnancy and offspring brain development. Neuropeptides 2020; 83:102075. [PMID: 32778339 DOI: 10.1016/j.npep.2020.102075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2020] [Revised: 07/20/2020] [Accepted: 07/28/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Neurotrophins are a family of functionally and structurally related proteins which play a key role in the survival, development, and function of neurons in both the central and peripheral nervous systems. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), nerve growth factor (NGF), neurotrophin-3 (NT-3), and neurotrophin-4 (NT-4) are the family members of neurotrophins. Neurotrophins play a crucial role in influencing the development of the brain and learning and memory processes. Studies demonstrate that they also play crucial role in influencing reproductive and immune systems. Neurotrophins have been shown to influence various processes in the mother, placenta, and fetus during pregnancy. Development and maturation of feto-placental unit and the fetal growth trajectories are influenced by neurotrophins. In addition to neurotrophins, neuropeptides like neuropeptide Y also play a crucial role during various processes of pregnancy and during fetal brain development. Neurotrophins have also been shown to have a cross talk with various angiogenic factors and influence placental development. Alterations in the levels of neurotrophins and neuropeptides lead to placental pathologies resulting in various pregnancy complications like preeclampsia, intrauterine growth restriction and preterm births. Studies in animals have reported low levels of maternal micronutrients like folic acid, vitamin B12 and omega-3 fatty acids influence brain neurotrophins resulting in impaired cognitive functioning in the offspring. Maternal nutrition is also known to affect the expression of neuropeptides. It is essential to understand the role of various neurotrophins across various stages of pregnancy and its relationship with neurodevelopmental outcomes in children. This will lead to early prediction of poor neurodevelopmental outcomes. The present review describes evidence describing the role of neurotrophins in determining pregnancy outcome and altered neurodevelopment in the offspring. The possible mechanism through which maternal nutrition influences neurotrophins and neuropeptides to regulate offspring brain development and function is also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akriti Sahay
- Mother and Child Health, Interactive Research School for Health Affairs, Bharati Vidyapeeth (Deemed to be University), Pune, India
| | - Anvita Kale
- Mother and Child Health, Interactive Research School for Health Affairs, Bharati Vidyapeeth (Deemed to be University), Pune, India
| | - Sadhana Joshi
- Mother and Child Health, Interactive Research School for Health Affairs, Bharati Vidyapeeth (Deemed to be University), Pune, India.
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25
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Histone deacetylases 1, 2 and 3 in nervous system development. Curr Opin Pharmacol 2020; 50:74-81. [PMID: 31901696 DOI: 10.1016/j.coph.2019.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2019] [Revised: 11/21/2019] [Accepted: 11/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Although histone acetylases (HDACS) were initially believed to render chromatin in a transcriptionally repressed state by deacetylating histones, it is now known that they both repress and activate transcription. Moreover, HDACs regulate the activity and/or function of a large number of other cellular proteins localized in the nucleus and cytoplasm. Accumulating evidence indicates that HDACs also play a key role in the development of the nervous system. This review focuses on three classical HDACS - HDACs 1, 2 and 3. Although much evidence on the involvement of HDACs in neurodevelopment has come from the use of pharmacological inhibitors, because these agents are not specific in their action on individual HDAC proteins, this review only describes evidence derived from the use of molecular genetic approaches. Our review describes that HDACs 1, 2 and 3 play crucial roles in neurodevelopment by regulating neurogenesis, gliogenesis, the development of neural circuitry and synaptic transmission.
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Wei C, Sun Y, Chen N, Chen S, Xiu M, Zhang X. Interaction of oxidative stress and BDNF on executive dysfunction in patients with chronic schizophrenia. Psychoneuroendocrinology 2020; 111:104473. [PMID: 31655452 DOI: 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2019.104473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2019] [Revised: 09/09/2019] [Accepted: 10/03/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Executive dysfunction is increasingly recognized as one of the widely observed dimensions of cognitive impairments in the course of schizophrenia (SCZ). However, the potential molecular pathological mechanisms remain elusive. Previous studies have demonstrated that decreased brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and oxidative damage may be associated with the psychopathology and cognitive impairment of SCZ. The present study aims to assess whether the interaction between BDNF and oxidative damage is involved in the disruption of executive function (EF) in patients with chronic SCZ. Serum BDNF and plasma oxidative stress markers were measured in 189 patients and 60 control subjects. EFs were evaluated by Wisconsin card sorting tests (WCST), Stroop word/color test (Stroop), and verbal fluency tests (VFT). The results showed that patients performed worse in the VFT, WCST and Stroop tests than healthy subjects. Moreover, patients had lower activities of glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) and lower BDNF levels, but higher malondialdehyde (MDA) levels than healthy controls. In patients, BDNF was negatively correlated with SOD (p < 0.01). For patients, catalase (CAT) activity was negatively associated with WCST error score (p = 0.02) and BDNF was positively correlated to VFT score (p = 0.02). However, all these correlations between biomarkers and EF domains did not pass Bonferroni corrections. Finally, multiple regression analyses identified BDNF × SOD activity and BDNF × MDA as influencing factors for VFT score in patients (both p < 0.05). Our results highlight the complex interplay between OS parameters and BDNF in the pathophysiology of EF impairment in SCZ, consistent with its neurodevelopmental hypothesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- ChangWei Wei
- Department of Anesthesiology, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yi Sun
- Department of Anesthesiology, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Nan Chen
- Peking University HuiLongGuan Clinical Medical School, Beijing HuiLongGuan Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Song Chen
- Peking University HuiLongGuan Clinical Medical School, Beijing HuiLongGuan Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - MeiHong Xiu
- Peking University HuiLongGuan Clinical Medical School, Beijing HuiLongGuan Hospital, Beijing, China.
| | - XiangYang Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China; Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
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