1
|
Rebolo L, Trigila C, Ellin J, Correia PMM, Silva AL, Veloso J, St James S, Roncali E, Ariño-Estrada G. Cherenkov Light Emission in Pure Cherenkov Emitters for Prompt Gamma Imaging. IEEE Trans Radiat Plasma Med Sci 2024; 8:15-20. [PMID: 38173701 PMCID: PMC10764010 DOI: 10.1109/trpms.2023.3323838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
Proton range verification (PRV) in proton therapy by means of prompt-gamma detection is a promising but challenging approach. High count rates, energies ranging between 1 MeV and 7 MeV, and a strong background complicate the detection of such particles. In this work, the Cherenkov light generated by prompt-gammas in the pure Cherenkov emitters TlBr, TlCl and PbF2 was studied. Cherenkov light in these crystals can provide a very fast timing signal with the potential to achieve very high count rates and to discern between prompt-gammas and background signals. Crystals of 1×1 cm2 and thicknesses of 1 cm, 2 cm, 3 cm and 4 cm were simulated. Different photodetector configurations were studied for 2.3 MeV, 4.4 MeV, and 6.1 MeV prompt-gammas. TlCl achieved the greatest number of detected Cherenkov photons for all energies, detector dimensions, and photodetector efficiency modeling. For the highest prompt-gamma energy simulated, TlCl yielded approximately 250 Cherenkov detected photons, using a hypothetical high-performance photodetector. Results show the crystal blocks of 1 cm × 1 cm × 1 cm have greater prompt-gamma detection efficiency per volume and a comparable average number of detected Cherenkov photons per event.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- L Rebolo
- Department of Biomedical Engineering at the University of California, Davis, Davis, California, USA
| | - C Trigila
- Department of Biomedical Engineering at the University of California, Davis, Davis, California, USA
| | - J Ellin
- Department of Biomedical Engineering at the University of California, Davis, Davis, California, USA
| | | | - A L Silva
- I3N-Physics Department of the University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - J Veloso
- I3N-Physics Department of the University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - S St James
- Huntsman Cancer Center in the University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - E Roncali
- Department of Biomedical Engineering at the University of California, Davis, Davis, California, USA
- Department of Radiology at UC Davis
| | - G Ariño-Estrada
- Department of Biomedical Engineering at the University of California, Davis, Davis, California, USA
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Marcondes MI, Provazi FP, Silvestre T, Silva AL, Valadares Filho SC, Campos MM, Machado FS, Rotta PP. Protein requirements for pregnant dairy cows. J Dairy Sci 2023; 106:8821-8834. [PMID: 37678777 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2023-23321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023]
Abstract
We aimed to estimate the protein requirements of pregnant Holstein × Gyr cows. A total of 61 Holstein × Gyr (HG) cows were used, with an average initial body weight (BW) of 480 ± 10.1 kg and age 5 ± 0.5 yr. Cows were divided into 3 groups: pregnant (n = 43), nonpregnant (n = 12), and baseline (n = 6). Baseline animals were slaughtered before starting the experiment to estimate the initial body composition of the remaining animals. Pregnant and nonpregnant cows received 2 diets: maintenance and ad libitum. Pregnant cows were slaughtered at 139, 199, 241, and 268 gestation days (GD). First, we used data only from nonpregnant cows to determine the requirements for maintenance and growth in adult cows. The requirements of metabolizable protein for maintenance (MPm; grams of empty metabolic BW [EBW0.75] per day) were estimated using a linear regression between the metabolizable protein intake (MPI, g/d) and average daily gain (g/d), and the MPm was defined as the intercept divided by the average metabolic BW. Net protein requirements for gain (NPg; g/d) were estimated by the first derivative of the allometric equation between final crude protein in the body (kg) and the final empty BW (EBW; kg). The efficiency of use of metabolizable protein for gain (k) was calculated from the regression between the retained protein (g EBW0.75/d) and the MPI (g EBW0.75/d), and k was the slope of this regression. The MPI was estimated by combining microbial protein synthesis (purine derivatives) with the digestible rumen undegradable protein [(total protein intake - rumen-degradable protein) × intestinal digestibility]. Second, an exponential model was used to fit the protein accumulation in the gestational components in the function of GD. The first derivative of that model was considered the net requirement for gestation (NPgest). The efficiency of protein utilization for gestation (kgest) was calculated by the iterative method using the equation Δ = MPI - (MPm + NPg/kg + NPgest/kgest), where kg is efficiency of protein utilization for gain. The iteration was performed aiming at a zero deviation between observed MPI and metabolizable protein (MP) estimated by the requirements determined herein. We obtained a value of 3.88 g EBW0.75/d for MPm. The estimation of NPg can be calculated according to the following equation: NPg = 0.716 × (EBWopen-0.308) × EBGc, where EBWopen is the EBW (kg) for nonpregnant animals and EBGc is the empty body gain (kg/d) corrected for the gestational component. The k was determined as 0.347. The NPgest requirements were determined as NPgest (g/d) = 0.0008722 × exp(0.01784 × GD) × (calf weight/35). The kgest was 0.625. It is important to highlight that different methods of MP estimates should not be mixed and that the proposed method requires the estimation of microbial protein (estimated via urinary estimates), which might limit practical application. In conclusion, new studies should be conducted to validate our results and the methodology adopted to determine protein requirements for pregnancy in dairy cows. Due to the pattern of protein accumulation in the gestational components, we suggest an exponential model to describe protein requirements for pregnancy for dairy cows.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M I Marcondes
- Department of Animal Sciences, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164.
| | - F P Provazi
- Department of Animal Science, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, 36570-000 Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - T Silvestre
- Department of Animal Sciences, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164
| | - A L Silva
- Department of Animal Science, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, 36570-000 Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - S C Valadares Filho
- Department of Animal Science, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, 36570-000 Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - M M Campos
- Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation, National Center for Research on Dairy Cattle, Minas Gerais, 36038-330, Brazil
| | - F S Machado
- Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation, National Center for Research on Dairy Cattle, Minas Gerais, 36038-330, Brazil
| | - P P Rotta
- Department of Animal Sciences, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Silva AL, Albinati ACL, Souza SA, Marques JVS, Andrade IBM, Souza YRC, Amorim AG. Evaluation of the acute and sublethal toxicity of Mancozeb in Pacamã (Lophiosilurus alexandri). BRAZ J BIOL 2023; 83:e274393. [PMID: 37909557 DOI: 10.1590/1519-6984.274393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2023] [Accepted: 08/15/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The toxic potential of dithiocarbamates fungicides widely used in world agriculture is well known, among which Mancozeb is one of the most used. This study aimed to evaluate the toxicity of Mancozeb, determining the LC50% of the product and the behavioral and histological changes observed in fish of the Pacamã species through acute and sublethal toxicity tests. The first experiment was carried out on Pacamã fingerlings exposed to dosages of 0.5, 1, 2, 4, and 8mg/L of Mancozeb under the form ManzateWG®, for a total period of 96 hours in the acute experiment, and in the second experiment, fish were subjected to concentrations of 1/10 of those used in the acute experiment (0.05, 0.1, 0.2, 0.4 and 0.8mg/L, respectively), for 15 days in total. The 50% lethal concentration of ManzateWG® was calculated at the end of the acute experiment, presenting a value of 2.29mg/L at 96h for Pacamã fingerlings. A behavioral assessment was carried out through daily observation of the fish during both experiments, and an increase in mucus production was observed, as well as atypical social behavior in those exposed to the toxic agent. Histopathological evaluation was performed on livers collected after the end of the sublethal experiment, and the main hepatic alterations observed were cytoplasmic vacuolization, inflammatory infiltrate, and necrosis. Mancozeb has toxic potential and is capable of generating behavioral changes, as well as increasing the risk of liver damage in Pacamãs exposed to this compound.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A L Silva
- Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco - UFRPE, Departamento de Biotecnologia, Recife, PE, Brasil
| | - A C L Albinati
- Universidade Federal do Vale do São Francisco - UNIVASF, Colegiado Acadêmico de Medicina Veterinária, Petrolina, PE, Brasil
| | - S A Souza
- Universidade Federal do Vale do São Francisco - UNIVASF, Colegiado Acadêmico de Medicina Veterinária, Petrolina, PE, Brasil
| | - J V S Marques
- Universidade Federal do Vale do São Francisco - UNIVASF, Colegiado Acadêmico de Medicina Veterinária, Petrolina, PE, Brasil
| | - I B M Andrade
- Universidade Federal do Vale do São Francisco - UNIVASF, Colegiado Acadêmico de Medicina Veterinária, Petrolina, PE, Brasil
| | - Y R C Souza
- Universidade Federal do Vale do São Francisco - UNIVASF, Colegiado Acadêmico de Medicina Veterinária, Petrolina, PE, Brasil
| | - A G Amorim
- Universidade Federal do Vale do São Francisco - UNIVASF, Colegiado Acadêmico de Medicina Veterinária, Petrolina, PE, Brasil
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Reis GSC, Silva AJME, Silva AL, Pinheiro EN, Castro LMS, Mota LO, Gonçalves PGN, Assayag PPC, Santos RMPD, Berg AVSVD. ANÁLISE DA MORTALIDADE POR LINFOMA DE CÉLULAS T CUTÂNEAS E PERIFÉRICAS. Hematol Transfus Cell Ther 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.htct.2021.10.184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
|
5
|
Reis GSC, Silva AJME, Silva AL, Pinheiro EN, Castro LMS, Mota LO, Gonçalves PGN, Assayag PPC, Santos RMPD, Berg AVSVD. ANÁLISE DA MORTALIDADE POR LINFOMA DE CÉLULAS T CUTÂNEAS E PERIFÉRICAS. Hematol Transfus Cell Ther 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.htct.2021.10.183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
|
6
|
Assayag PPC, Reis GSC, Silva AJME, Silva AL, Pinheiro EN, Castro LMS, Mota LO, Gonçalves PGN, Santos RMPD, Berg AVSVD. PERFIL EPIDEMIOLÓGICO DE ANEMIA POR DEFICIÊNCIA DE FERRO EM PACIENTES IDOSOS NO ESTADO DO PARÁ. Hematol Transfus Cell Ther 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.htct.2021.10.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
|
7
|
Silva AJME, Castro LMS, Gonçalves PGN, Silva AL, Pinheiro EN, Reis GSC, Mota LO, Assayag PPC, Santos RMPD, Berg AVSVD. COMPARAÇÃO DOS GASTOS EM SAÚDE POR LINFOMA NÃO-HODGKIN ANTES E DURANTE A PANDEMIA DO COVID-19. Hematol Transfus Cell Ther 2021. [PMCID: PMC8530609 DOI: 10.1016/j.htct.2021.10.116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Objetivos Analisar comparativamente as características relativas aos gastos dispensados em saúde para tratamento de pacientes internados por Linfoma não-Hodgkin antes e durante a pandemia de Covid-19. Material e métodos Este estudo possui caráter transversal, descritivo e retrospectivo. Os dados utilizados foram obtidos mediante o Departamento de Informática do Sistema Único de Saúde (DATASUS), em que foi analisado o perfil de internações ocasionadas por Linfoma não-hodgkin, bem como os gastos empreendidos com tais pacientes no período de janeiro de 2019 a dezembro de 2020, por região no país. Resultados Durante a pandemia, houve redução de 9,84% no número de internações (17.443 em 2019 e 15.725 em 2020) e de 9,46% no valor total gasto com pacientes portadores de Linfoma não-hodgkin (R$ 35.083.926,83 em 2019 e R$ 31.761.600,24 em 2020). Em contrapartida, houve um aumento de 0,42% no valor médio gasto por paciente (R$2.011,35 em 2019 e R$2.019,82 em 2020). A média de permanência em 2019 foi de 7,6 dias, enquanto que no período de pandemia reduziu para 7 dias. A taxa de mortalidade também obteve queda de 1,01% quando comparado ao ano anterior da pandemia de Covid-19 (8,82% em 2019 e 7,87% em 2020). Discussão Diante de tais resultados, observa-se que há uma redução significativa no número de internações relacionadas ao Linfoma não-hodgkin, contrastando, com o relatório de 2020 do INCA, no qual, o estado o Rio de Janeiro apresentou uma queda na quantidade de internações por causas oncológicas (13.438 em 2019 e 10.384 em 2020). Tal fato, relaciona-se com a separação de leitos para pacientes com suspeita ou contaminados por Covid-19, o que acarretou na diminuição da disponibilidade de leitos para internação. Ademais, o mesmo relatório apresentou uma redução na quantidade de consultas médicas, quimioterapias, transplante de medula óssea, consultas multiprofissionais e outros, pela implantação de uma política de cancelamento das consultas de acompanhamento dos pacientes, uma vez que o risco relacionado ao deslocamento e à eventual contaminação por Covid-19 trariam maiores prejuízos para esses pacientes, tal feito, pode ter corroborado para redução do valor total gasto. Além disso, notou-se aumento dos gastos por paciente, concordando com outros estudos, onde notou-se o aumento dos custos por baixa produtividade de medicamentos, equipamentos, entre outros. Todavia, a diferença entre a média de permanência dos pacientes analisados neste estudo, difere do relatório do INCA, haja vista, que o tempo médio de permanência dos pacientes oncológicos do relatório, manteve-se estável, em cerca de 7,63 dias e do estudo reduziu para 7 dias. Sobre a redução da taxa de morte, pode-se relacionar-se também a redução do número de internações. É válido salientar também, que estes resultados podem denotar uma redução da assistência à saúde. Conclusão Pode-se concluir que durante o período avaliado na pesquisa, houve redução significativa no número de internações de pacientes portadores de Linfoma não-Hodgkin. No entanto, ocorreu discreto aumento nos gastos com esses pacientes, o que pode-se inferir relação com a realocação de leitos em hospitais, para destinação exclusiva para pacientes com Covid-19. Ademais, observou-se redução na média de tempo de permanência e também na taxa de mortalidade.
Collapse
|
8
|
Silva AL, DeVries TJ, Fernandes EC, Marcondes MI. Short communication: Development and evaluation of equations to predict growth of Holstein dairy heifers in a tropical climate. J Dairy Sci 2020; 104:525-531. [PMID: 33162083 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2020-18624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2020] [Accepted: 08/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to develop and validate equations for estimating growth of dairy heifers using measures of withers height, body weight (BW), and age. Measures of BW and withers height of 207 Holstein heifers raised in a tropical climate were taken from birth to calving, totaling to 2,047 observations. To be included in the database, the heifer had to have at least 4 measures recorded. After that, 4 models were built and evaluated as follows: (1) a linear model of BW as function of age (BW~A), (2) a linear model of the BW-to-height ratio as function of age (BW:H~A), (3) a quadratic model, adjusted for a defined plateau, to describe height as function of age (H~A), and (4) an exponential growth model of BW as function of height (BW~H). A cross-validation procedure was performed to evaluate accuracy and precision of the models. The linear relationship of BW~A and BW:H~A were estimated, respectively, by the equations: BW = 42.65 + 0.62 × A and BW:H = 0.70 + 0.0041 × A, where BW is in kilograms, BW:H = BW-to-height ratio (kg/cm), and A = age (d). Using the quadratic plateau for the model H~A, a critical "x" value of ~806 d and a height plateau of 138.6 cm were identified. Therefore, the following equations for estimating the height of animals younger and older than 806 d, respectively, were developed: H = 78.15 + 0.150 × A - 0.00009 × A2 and H = 78.15 + 0.150 × cvx - 0.00009 × cvx2, where H = height (cm) and cvx = 806 (critical "x" value; given in days). Additionally, the exponential model of W~H was estimated by the following equation: BW = 4.25 × exp(0.034 ×H), where BW is in kilograms and H = height (cm). A cross validation demonstrated that all equations had very high accuracy and precision. Overall, these models demonstrated that BW and BW-to-height ratio increase linearly as a function of age, while BW follows an exponential growth pattern as a function of height. Additionally, the H~A model predicted that heifers achieve a maximum height of 138.6 cm at 806 d of age.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A L Silva
- Department of Animal Production, Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, Seropédica, Rio de Janeiro 23897-000, Brazil; Department of Animal Biosciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, N1G 2W1, Canada.
| | - T J DeVries
- Department of Animal Biosciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, N1G 2W1, Canada
| | - E C Fernandes
- Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia, Cruzeiro do Sul, Acre, 69980-000 Brazil
| | - M I Marcondes
- Department of Animal Science, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais 36570-000, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Jolomba MR, Silva AL, Veloso CM, Azevedo RA, Coelho SG, Campos MM, Machado FS, Marcondes MI. Energy and protein requirements of crossbred Holstein × Gyr calves fed milk with milk replacer containing increasing dry-matter concentrations. Anim Prod Sci 2020. [DOI: 10.1071/an18773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Context
There is a lack of studies concerning the nutrient requirements of dairy calves, mainly, evaluating different genetic groups.
Aims
The objective was to quantify energy and protein requirements of dairy calves up to 60 days, testing the influence of genetic composition (Holstein or crossbred Holstein × Gyr) on these requirements.
Methods
The study involved 42 bull calves (3 days of age), including animals with less than 15/16 Holstein composition (considered crossbred) and animals with more than 15/16 Holstein pedigree (considered purebred). Six calves were slaughtered at the start of the experiment to estimate the initial body composition of the animals. Of the remaining animals, four formed the maintenance group (fed 3 L/day of raw milk), and the other 32 were distributed into four treatments, which consisted of 6 L/day of raw milk, with increasing DM contents of 13.5%, 16.1%, 18.2% and 20.4% respectively. The DM contents were corrected for adding milk replacer to the raw milk. All animals had free access to starter feed and water. Digestibility trials were conducted at 28 and 56 days of life, with total faeces collection being performed for 5 days and urine collection for a period of 24 h. At 60 days of life, the animals were slaughtered to determine their body composition.
Key results
Net energy requirements for maintenance and metabolisable energy requirements for maintenance were 57.6 and 86.8 kcal/(empty bodyweight, EBW)0.75.day respectively. The efficiency of utilisation of metabolisable energy for maintenance was 66%. Net energy requirements for gain (NEg, Mcal/day) can be estimated by the following equation: , where EBG is empty body gain (kg/day) and EBW is in kilograms. The efficiency of utilisation of metabolisable energy for gain was 27%. The metabolisable-protein requirement for maintenance was 3.22 g/EBW0.75.day. Net protein requirement for gain (NPg, g/day) can be estimated by the following equation:, where RE is retained energy (Mcal/day). The efficiency of utilisation of metabolisable protein for gain was 59.1%.
Conclusions
Genetic group does not affect energy or protein requirements of pre-weaned calves. The estimates presented here can be used to calculate nutrient requirements of pre-weaned calves aged up to 60 days.
Implications
Inclusion of milk replacer in the liquid feed had a negative impact on diet quality.
Collapse
|
10
|
Albuquerque AP, Silva AL, Lima CA, Beltrão EI. FUT3 expression in human breast cancer cells under hypoxia and serum deprivation. Exp Oncol 2019; 41:318-322. [PMID: 31868335 DOI: 10.32471/exp-oncology.2312-8852.vol-41-no-4.13727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the effects of hypoxia and serum deprivation on regulation of fucosyltransferase-3 (FUT3) expression in breast cancer cells. MATERIALS AND METHODS FUT3 expression was evaluated in T47D and MCF7 cells. Transcriptional and protein analysis was performed under hypoxia and serum deprivation conditions after 6 and 24 hours; and after 24 and 48 hours, respectively. RESULTS In T47D cells, experimental conditions induced a significant decrease in FUT3 expression at both, transcriptional and protein levels, while in MCF7 cells the same conditions induced a significant increase of FUT3 expression. CONCLUSIONS Regulation of FUT3 expression under hypoxic and serum deprivation conditions may be involved in the acquisition of advantages related to apoptosis resistance and metastasis promotion, according to the intrinsic differences presented by T47D and MCF7 cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A P Albuquerque
- Biomarkers in Cancer Research Group (BmC), Federal University of Pernambuco (UFPE), Recife 50670-901, Brazil
| | - A L Silva
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Federal University of Pernambuco (UFPE), Recife 50670-901, Brazil
| | - C A Lima
- Laboratório de Imunopatologia Keizo Asami (LIKA), Federal University of Pernambuco (UFPE), Recife 50670-901, Brazil
| | - E I Beltrão
- Biomarkers in Cancer Research Group (BmC), Federal University of Pernambuco (UFPE), Recife 50670-901, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Matos-Rocha TJ, Lima MCAD, Veras DL, Santos AF, Silva AL, Almeida Júnior ASA, Pitta-Galdino MR, Pitta IR, Pitta MGR, Alves LC, Brayner FA. In vivo study of schistosomicidal action of (Z)-1-(2-chloro-6-fluoro-benzyl)-5-thioxo-4-(2,4,6-trimethoxy-benzylidene)-imidazolidin-2-one. BRAZ J BIOL 2019; 80:187-189. [PMID: 31166369 DOI: 10.1590/1519-6984.190062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2018] [Accepted: 10/28/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- T J Matos-Rocha
- Laboratório de Biologia Celular e Molecular, Departamento de Parasitologia, Centro de Pesquisas Aggeu Magalhães, Recife, PE, Brasil.,Laboratório de Imunopatologia Keizo Asami, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco - UFPE, Recife, Pernambuco, Brasil
| | - M C Alves de Lima
- Laboratório de Planejamento e Síntese de Fármacos, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, PE, Brasil
| | - D L Veras
- Laboratório de Biologia Celular e Molecular, Departamento de Parasitologia, Centro de Pesquisas Aggeu Magalhães, Recife, PE, Brasil
| | - A F Santos
- Laboratório de Biologia Celular e Molecular, Departamento de Parasitologia, Centro de Pesquisas Aggeu Magalhães, Recife, PE, Brasil
| | - A L Silva
- Laboratório de Planejamento e Síntese de Fármacos, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, PE, Brasil
| | - A S A Almeida Júnior
- Laboratório de Planejamento e Síntese de Fármacos, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, PE, Brasil
| | - M R Pitta-Galdino
- Laboratório de Imunomodulação e Novas Abordagens Terapêuticas, Núcleo de Pesquisa em Inovação Terapêutica Suely Galdino, Recife, PE, Brasil
| | - I R Pitta
- Laboratório de Imunomodulação e Novas Abordagens Terapêuticas, Núcleo de Pesquisa em Inovação Terapêutica Suely Galdino, Recife, PE, Brasil
| | - M G R Pitta
- Laboratório de Imunomodulação e Novas Abordagens Terapêuticas, Núcleo de Pesquisa em Inovação Terapêutica Suely Galdino, Recife, PE, Brasil
| | - L C Alves
- Laboratório de Biologia Celular e Molecular, Departamento de Parasitologia, Centro de Pesquisas Aggeu Magalhães, Recife, PE, Brasil
| | - F A Brayner
- Laboratório de Biologia Celular e Molecular, Departamento de Parasitologia, Centro de Pesquisas Aggeu Magalhães, Recife, PE, Brasil
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Castro MMD, Silva AL, Costa E Silva LF, Rotta PP, Engle TE, Marcondes MI. Determination of macromineral requirements for preweaned dairy calves in tropical conditions. J Dairy Sci 2019; 102:2973-2984. [PMID: 30738689 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2018-15166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2018] [Accepted: 10/16/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
International committees that have published nutrient requirements for dairy cattle have used data from mineral studies conducted in the 1920s to 1970s, and no study has reported data from animals less than 100 kg; therefore, there is a need to update mineral requirements for preweaned dairy calves. Thus, a meta-analysis was performed to estimate the mineral requirements of Ca, P, K, Mg, and Na for Holstein and Holstein × Gyr crossbred preweaned dairy calves using data from 5 studies developed at the Universidade Federal de Viçosa (Viçosa, MG, Brazil). A total of 210 calves were separated into 2 breeds: purebred Holstein calves (animals with a Holstein pedigree higher than 87.5%) and Holstein × Gyr crossbred calves (animals with a Holstein pedigree lower than 87.5%). The comparative slaughter technique was used to estimate animal body composition and empty body weight (EBW). Mineral requirements for maintenance were estimated by the regression between retained mineral and mineral intake, whereas mineral requirements for gain were obtained from the first derivative of the mineral content in the animal's body. In addition, breed effect was tested on the intercept and slope of the models. The effect of breed was not observed for all analyzed variables. Thus, net requirements for maintenance were 12.73, 11.81, 20.28, 3.50, and 6.37 mg/kg of EBW per day for Ca, P, K, Mg, and Na, respectively. Retention coefficients were 73.18, 65.20, 13.16, 29.55, and 24.28% for Ca, P, K, Mg, and Na, respectively. The following equations were determined to estimate net requirements for gain (NRG, g/d): NRG for Ca = 14.402 × EBW-0.139 × empty body gain (EBG); NRG for P = 5.849 × EBW-0.027 × EBG; NRG for K = 1.140 × EBW-0.048 × EBG; NRG for Mg = 0.603 × EBW-0.036 × EBG; and NRG for Na = 1.508 × EBW-0.045 × EBG. Due to the high variation between the data found in this study and in the available literature, we suggest that further studies should be conducted to evaluate the estimates of this study.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M M D Castro
- Department of Animal Science, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, 36570-000 Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - A L Silva
- Department of Animal Science, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, 36570-000 Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - L F Costa E Silva
- Department of Animal Science, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, 36570-000 Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - P P Rotta
- Department of Animal Science, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, 36570-000 Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - T E Engle
- Department of Animal Science, College of Agricultural Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins 80523
| | - M I Marcondes
- Department of Animal Science, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, 36570-000 Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Almeida TW, Silva AL, Saccomani AP, Muñoz JA, Silva RT, Franca NV, Faria DE, Faria Filho DE. Performance and Egg Quality of Commercial Laying Hens Fed Diets Formulated Using Non-Linear Programming. Braz J Poult Sci 2019. [DOI: 10.1590/1806-9061-2018-0811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - AL Silva
- Universidade de São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - JA Muñoz
- Universidade de São Paulo, Brazil
| | - RT Silva
- Universidade de São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - DE Faria
- Universidade de São Paulo, Brazil
| | | |
Collapse
|
14
|
Silva AL, Detmann E, Dijkstra J, Pedroso AM, Silva LHP, Machado AF, Sousa FC, Dos Santos GB, Marcondes MI. Effects of rumen-undegradable protein on intake, performance, and mammary gland development in prepubertal and pubertal dairy heifers. J Dairy Sci 2018; 101:5991-6001. [PMID: 29627252 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2017-13230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2017] [Accepted: 02/23/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to evaluate the influence of different amounts of rumen-undegradable protein (RUP) on intake, N balance, performance, mammary gland development, carcass traits, and hormonal status of Holstein heifers at different physiological stages (PS). Sixteen prepubertal (PRE) heifers (initial BW = 106 ± 7.6 kg; age = 4.3 ± 0.46 mo) and 16 pubertal (PUB) heifers (initial BW = 224 ± 7.9 kg; age = 12.6 ± 0.45 mo) were used in an experiment over a period of 84 d. Four diets with increasing RUP contents (38, 44, 51, and 57% of dietary crude protein) and heifers at 2 PS (PRE or PUB) were used in a 4 × 2 factorial arrangement of treatments in a completely randomized design. Throughout the experiment, 2 digestibility trials were performed over 5 consecutive days (starting at d 36 and 78) involving feed and ort sampling and spot collections of feces and urine. At d 0 and 83, body ultrasound images were obtained for real-time carcass trait evaluation. The mammary gland was ultrasonically scanned at d 0 and every 3 wk during the experiment. Blood samples were taken at d 0 and 84 to determine serum concentrations of progesterone, estrogen, insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I), and insulin. No interaction between PS and the level of RUP was found for any trait. Apparent digestibility of dry matter, organic matter, and neutral detergent fiber corrected for ash and protein was not affected by RUP level but was lower for PRE compared with PUB heifers. Sorting against neutral detergent fiber corrected for ash and protein (tendency only) and for crude protein was greater for PUB than PRE heifers. Pubertal heifers had greater average daily gain (905 vs. 505 g/d) and N retention (25.9 vs. 12.5 g/d) than PRE heifers. In addition, average daily gain and N retention were greatest at 51% RUP of dietary protein. Mammary ultrasonography indicated no effects of RUP amounts on mammary gland composition, whereas PRE heifers had greater pixel values than PUB, indicating higher contents of fat rather than protein in the mammary glands of PRE heifers. Serum progesterone and IGF-I concentration was affected only by PS, and PRE heifers had greater values of progesterone and IGF-I concentrations than PUB heifers. Serum insulin concentration was unaffected by PS but tended to be higher at 51% of RUP. In conclusion, an RUP level of 51% increases body weight, average daily gain, feed efficiency, and N retention in heifers regardless of the PS. In addition, PRE heifers have a lower sorting ability and reduced intake, total-tract digestibility, and N retention. They also have higher amounts of fat in their mammary glands, even at moderate growth rates.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A L Silva
- Department of Animal Science, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, 36570-000 Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - E Detmann
- Department of Animal Science, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, 36570-000 Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - J Dijkstra
- Animal Nutrition Group, Wageningen University, 6700 AH Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - A M Pedroso
- Cargill Animal Nutrition, 13091-611 Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - L H P Silva
- Department of Animal Science, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, 36570-000 Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - A F Machado
- Department of Animal Science, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, 36570-000 Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - F C Sousa
- Department of Agricultural Engineering, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, 36570-000 Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - G B Dos Santos
- Faculty of Veterinary, Universidade Federal Fluminense, 24220-900 Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - M I Marcondes
- Department of Animal Science, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, 36570-000 Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Muñoz JA, Suckeveris D, Demuner LF, Saccomani APO, Silva AL, Silva RT, Faria Filho DE, Faria DE. Effects of Nutritional Levels on Performance, Carcass Characteristics and Nutrient Digestibility of Sexed Broilers. Rev Bras Cienc Avic 2018. [DOI: 10.1590/1806-9061-2017-0523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
|
16
|
Marcondes MI, Silva AL. 1484 Dry matter intake prediction of heifers under tropical conditions. J Anim Sci 2016. [DOI: 10.2527/jam2016-1484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
|
17
|
Sousa FC, Tinôco IFF, Paula MO, Silva AL, Souza CF, Batista FJF, Barbari M. MEDIDAS PARA MINIMIZAR A EMISSÃO DE AMÔNIA NA PRODUÇÃO DE FRANGOS DE CORTE: REVISÃO. Revista Brasileira de Engenharia de Biossistemas 2016. [DOI: 10.18011/bioeng2016v10n1p51-61] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
Abstract
As principais fontes de geração de amônia estão nas atividades agrícolas, com grande representação da avicultura, por utilizar sistemas de confinamento com adoção de cama sobreposta ao piso para reter os dejetos. A amônia produzida nos sistemas de produção de frangos de corte gera diversos danos aos animais, humanos e ao meio ambiente. A principal fonte de amônia nos dejetos depositados na cama é o nitrogênio excretado. Com a adoção de técnicas apropriadas de manejo do ambiente, por meio da adequada ventilação e manejo da cama, pelo controle de pH, temperatura e umidade são possíveis reduções significativas na emissão de amônia, bem como com a utilização de aditivos e controle do adequado teor de nitrogênio que é fornecido nas rações.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- F. C. Sousa
- UFV - Univ Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, MG, Brasil
| | | | - M. O. Paula
- UFV - Univ Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, MG, Brasil
| | - A. L. Silva
- UFV - Univ Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, MG, Brasil
| | - C. F. Souza
- UFV - Univ Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, MG, Brasil
| | | | - M. Barbari
- Università degli Studi di Firenze, Florença, Itália
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Silva AL, Soema PC, Slütter B, Ossendorp F, Jiskoot W. PLGA particulate delivery systems for subunit vaccines: Linking particle properties to immunogenicity. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2016; 12:1056-69. [PMID: 26752261 PMCID: PMC4962933 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2015.1117714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 154] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Among the emerging subunit vaccines are recombinant protein- and synthetic peptide-based vaccine formulations. However, proteins and peptides have a low intrinsic immunogenicity. A common strategy to overcome this is to co-deliver (an) antigen(s) with (an) immune modulator(s) by co-encapsulating them in a particulate delivery system, such as poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) particles. Particulate PLGA formulations offer many advantages for antigen delivery as they are biocompatible and biodegradable; can protect the antigens from degradation and clearance; allow for co-encapsulation of antigens and immune modulators; can be targeted to antigen presenting cells; and their particulate nature can increase uptake and cross-presentation by mimicking the size and shape of an invading pathogen. In this review we discuss the pros and cons of using PLGA particulate formulations for subunit vaccine delivery and provide an overview of formulation parameters that influence their adjuvanticity and the ensuing immune response.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A L Silva
- a Division of Drug Delivery Technology , Leiden Academic Center for Drug Research, Leiden University , Leiden , The Netherlands
| | - P C Soema
- b Intravacc (Institute for Translational Vaccinology) , Bilthoven , The Netherlands
| | - B Slütter
- a Division of Drug Delivery Technology , Leiden Academic Center for Drug Research, Leiden University , Leiden , The Netherlands.,c Cluster BioTherapeutics, Leiden Academic Center for Drug Research, Leiden University , Leiden , The Netherlands
| | - F Ossendorp
- d Department of Immunohematology and Blood Transfusion , Leiden University Medical Center , Leiden , The Netherlands
| | - W Jiskoot
- a Division of Drug Delivery Technology , Leiden Academic Center for Drug Research, Leiden University , Leiden , The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Sousa FC, Tinôco IFF, Saraz JAO, Souza CF, Paula MO, Silva AL, Coelho DJR. MÉTODOS DE DIFUSÃO PASSIVA PARA QUANTIFICAÇÃO DE AMÔNIA EM INSTALAÇÕES ABERTAS PARA PRODUÇÃO ANIMAL. Revista Brasileira de Engenharia de Biossistemas 2015. [DOI: 10.18011/bioeng2015v9n3p252-260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
Abstract
O objetivo deste estudo foi comparar os mencionados dois métodos de difusão passiva por poderem se adaptar mais facilmente às instalações que trabalham com ventilação natural durante a maior parte do tempo, com base em resultados de pesquisas já existentes com estudos relacionados a diversas características de ambos os métodos. O método Saraz é uma nova metodologia que vem sendo testada e aperfeiçoada para a operação em ventilação natural, e tem apresentado uma eficiência de recuperação de volatilização de amônia maior que 80 %. O método “Ferm Tube” constitui o primeiro amostrador de fluxo passivo, tendo sido principalmente aplicado para determinar as emissões de NH3 em confinamentos de bovinos. Os dois métodos foram comparados em termos de requisitos, tais como: custo, eficiência, aplicabilidade e uso em instalações abertas. No geral, em condições de ventilação natural, o método Saraz mostrou-se mais apropriado que o método Ferm Tube. Porém a escolha entre um ou outro método vai depender de uma série de condições, como recursos econômicos, disponibilidade de reagentes e laboratórios, tipos de análises possíveis de serem realizadas, além da precisão desejada e grau de dificuldade de operação.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- F. C. Sousa
- UFV - Univ Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, MG, Brasil
| | | | | | - C. F. Souza
- UFV - Univ Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, MG, Brasil
| | - M. O. Paula
- UFV - Univ Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, MG, Brasil
| | - A. L. Silva
- UFV - Univ Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, MG, Brasil
| | | |
Collapse
|
20
|
Silva AL, Carmo F, Moura MM, Domingues R, Espadinha C, Leite V, Cavaco B, Bugalho MJ. Identification and characterization of two novel germline RET variants associated with medullary thyroid carcinoma. Endocrine 2015; 49:366-72. [PMID: 25725622 DOI: 10.1007/s12020-015-0559-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2014] [Accepted: 02/19/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Activating germline mutations in the RET proto-oncogene are responsible for about 98 % of the familial forms of medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC), which represent 25 % of all MTC cases. The search for germline mutations in this gene is important for the recognition of hereditary forms of MTC and further identification of at-risk relatives who may benefit from early clinical intervention. Genotype-phenotype correlations are well established for most disease-causing RET mutations, allowing risk stratification. The association of a new RET variant with the MTC phenotype and familial predisposition requires the assessment of its functional and clinical significance. The aim of this study was to evaluate the oncogenic potential of two newly identified RET germline variants associated with late-onset MTC. In vitro functional assays were designed to address the transforming potential of novel RET variants, through their expression in non-transformed cells, and comparing their effect with wild-type RET. The new variants were identified in codons 515 (p.C515W) and 636 (p.T636M) located, respectively, in exons 8 and 11, thus resulting in amino acid substitutions in the extracellular region of the tyrosine kinase receptor RET. Through functional assays, we observed increased cell growth and proliferation, loss of contact inhibition, and a stimulation of cell migration, suggesting that these new RET variants hold some relevant transforming potential. The transforming potential of these novel RET variants was of low-grade, when compared to that of RET MEN2A-causing mutation p.C634R, probably explaining the mild phenotype characterized by late onset and low clinical aggressiveness.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A L Silva
- Unidade de Investigação de Patobiologia Molecular, Instituto Português de Oncologia de Lisboa Francisco Gentil E.P.E., Rua Professor Lima Basto, 1099-023, Lisbon, Portugal,
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
21
|
Santos-Pereira M, Almeida-Santos M, Oliveira FB, Silva AL, Rocha CFD. Living in a same microhabitat should means eating the same food? Diet and trophic niche of sympatric leaf-litter frogs Ischnocnema henselii and Adenomera marmorata in a forest of Southern Brazil. BRAZ J BIOL 2015; 75:13-8. [PMID: 25945616 DOI: 10.1590/1519-6984.04913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2013] [Accepted: 01/06/2014] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study we analyzed diet composition, niche breadth and overlap of the two leaf-litter frogs Ischnocnema henselii and Adenomera marmorata. Frogs were collected in an Atlantic Rainforest area in the Reserva Natural Salto Morato, in Paraná State, Southern Brazil, using plots of 16 m2 established on forest floor. Ischnocnema henselii consumed 18 different types of prey and the diet of this species was composed predominantly by Hymenoptera (Formicidae) (15.4%), Araneae (13.83%), Orthoptera (6.15%) and Opiliones (6.15%), whereas Adenomera marmorata consumed 15 different types of prey and its diet was composed mainly by Hymenoptera (Formicidae) (45.7%), Acari (31.8%) and Blattodea (14.8%). The niche breadth of I. henselii was BA = 0.43 and that of A. marmorata was BA = 0.19. The diet of the two sympatric species of leaf-litter frogs was basically composed by arthropods and the trophic niche overlap among them did not differ from expected at random. The differences in prey consumption should potentially facilitate the coexistence of two sympatric frogs on the forest floor. Possibly, this difference of prey consumption partly reflects differences in jaw width, species-specific body size of the two species and the period of activity of these two species.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Santos-Pereira
- Departamento de Ecologia, Instituto de Biologia Roberto Alcântara Gomes, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - M Almeida-Santos
- Departamento de Ecologia, Instituto de Biologia Roberto Alcântara Gomes, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - F B Oliveira
- Curso de Ciências Biológicas, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade de Passo Fundo, Passo Fundo, RS, Brazil
| | - A L Silva
- Departamento de Ecologia, Instituto de Biologia Roberto Alcântara Gomes, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - C F D Rocha
- Departamento de Ecologia, Instituto de Biologia Roberto Alcântara Gomes, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Plantier GM, Bosso CE, Azevedo BN, Correa AC, Silva AL, Raso V. Effect of chlorhexidine and urinary catheter infection prevention in a Brazilian coronary ICU. Crit Care 2015. [PMCID: PMC4489353 DOI: 10.1186/cc14160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/30/2023] Open
|
23
|
Silva AL, Monteiro PS, Sousa JB, Vianna AL, Oliveira PG. Partners of patients having a permanent colostomy should also receive attention from the healthcare team. Colorectal Dis 2014; 16:O431-4. [PMID: 25104405 DOI: 10.1111/codi.12737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2014] [Accepted: 05/20/2014] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
AIM This study was carried out to determine how the partners of patients with a permanent colostomy perceive everyday life, particularly its sexual aspects. METHOD Data were collected prospectively from October 2011 to May 2012 using a three-part questionnaire to obtain demographic, social and sexual information. Both multiple-choice and yes/no questions were used. RESULTS One hundred and eight questionnaires were given to 36 partners of patients with a permanent colostomy (the ostomy group) and to 72 partners of normal individuals matched for age, sex and social class. The sexual performance of the spouse was significantly better in the control group (P = 0.004), sexual performance of the partner was also better in the control group (P = 0.023) and reduced frequency of sexual activity was higher in the ostomy group (P = 0.042). There was, however, no significant difference in sexual interest between the two groups (P = 0.507). CONCLUSION The study demonstrated that about half of the partners of patients with a permanent colostomy experienced dissatisfaction with their spouse's performance, with a reduction in sexual interest and frequency of intercourse compared with the control group. Healthcare professionals should pay more attention to the partner of patients having a permanent colostomy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A L Silva
- Department of Nursing, Universidade de Brasília, Brasília, DF, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
24
|
Fonsêca VFC, Saraiva EP, Pimenta Filho EC, Furtado DA, Mariz TMA, Silva AL, Almeida MEV, Pinheiro A.C. Influence of the climatic environment and duration of labor on the mother-offspring interaction in Morada Nova sheep. J Anim Sci 2014; 92:4123-9. [DOI: 10.2527/jas.2014-7322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- V. F. C. Fonsêca
- Department of animal Science, Federal University of Paraiba, Areia, 58397000, Brazil
| | - E. P. Saraiva
- Department of Animal Science, Federal University of Paraiba, Areia, 58397000, Brazil
| | - E. C. Pimenta Filho
- Department of Animal Science, Federal University of Paraiba, Areia, 58397000, Brazil
| | - D. A. Furtado
- Department of Agricultural Engineering, Federal University of Campina Grande, Campina Grande, 58429000, Brazil
| | - T. M. A. Mariz
- Department of Animal Science, Federal University of Alagoas, Arapiraca, 57072900, Brazil
| | - A. L. Silva
- Department of animal Science, Federal University of Paraiba, Areia, 58397000, Brazil
| | - M. E. V. Almeida
- Department of animal Science, Federal University of Paraiba, Areia, 58397000, Brazil
| | - A .C. Pinheiro
- Department of animal Science, Federal University of Paraiba, Areia, 58397000, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Fonseca VFC, Saraiva EP, Pimenta Filho EC, Furtado DA, Mariz TMA, Silva AL, Almeida MEV, Pinheiro AC. Influence of the climatic environment and duration of labor on the mother-offspring interaction in Morada Nova sheep. J Anim Sci 2014. [DOI: 10.2527/jas.2013-7322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
|
26
|
Paschoal MA, Silva TC, Silva AL, Campanelli AP, Machado MAAM. Efeitos da Terapia Fotodinâmica Antimicrobiana sobre Microrganismos Cariogênicos: Estudo Preliminar. Pesqui bras odontopediatria clín integr 2014. [DOI: 10.4034/pboci.2014.14s3.07] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
|
27
|
Castilhos RM, Souza AFD, Furtado GV, Gheno TC, Silva AL, Vargas FR, Lima MAFD, Barsottini O, Pedroso JL, Godeiro C, Salarini D, Pereira ET, Lin K, Toralles MB, Saute JAM, Rieder CR, Quintas M, Sequeiros J, Alonso I, Saraiva-Pereira ML, Jardim LB. Huntington disease and Huntington disease-like in a case series from Brazil. Clin Genet 2013; 86:373-7. [PMID: 24102565 DOI: 10.1111/cge.12283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2013] [Revised: 09/11/2013] [Accepted: 09/13/2013] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to identify the relative frequency of Huntington's disease (HD) and HD-like (HDL) disorders HDL1, HDL2, spinocerebellar ataxia type 2 (SCA2), SCA17, dentatorubral-pallidoluysian degeneration (DRPLA), benign hereditary chorea, neuroferritinopathy and chorea-acanthocytosis (CHAC), in a series of Brazilian families. Patients were recruited in seven centers if they or their relatives presented at least chorea, besides other findings. Molecular studies of HTT, ATXN2, TBP, ATN1, JPH3, FTL, NKX2-1/TITF1 and VPS13A genes were performed. A total of 104 families were ascertained from 2001 to 2012: 71 families from South, 25 from Southeast and 8 from Northeast Brazil. There were 93 HD, 4 HDL2 and 1 SCA2 families. Eleven of 104 index cases did not have a family history: 10 with HD. Clinical characteristics were similar between HD and non-HD cases. In HD, the median expanded (CAG)n (range) was 44 (40-81) units; R(2) between expanded HTT and age-at-onset (AO) was 0.55 (p=0.0001, Pearson). HDL2 was found in Rio de Janeiro (2 of 9 families) and Rio Grande do Sul states (2 of 68 families). We detected HD in 89.4%, HDL2 in 3.8% and SCA2 in 1% of 104 Brazilian families. There were no cases of HDL1, SCA17, DRPLA, neuroferritinopathy, benign hereditary chorea or CHAC. Only six families (5.8%) remained without diagnosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- R M Castilhos
- Medical Genetics Service, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil; Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil; Instituto Nacional de Genética Médica Populacional (INAGEMP), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
28
|
Jorge JX, Almeida CC, Borges CIC, Delgado FJ, Simões MA, Silva AL, Coelho AC. Effects of gastroesophageal reflux on esophageal motility. Rom J Intern Med 2012; 50:233-239. [PMID: 23330291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Esophageal characteristics during swallowing in individuals with reflux are not well known. This study aimed to compare manometric esophageal characteristics between a group of individuals with gastroesophageal reflux and a group without these symptoms. METHODS A stationary esophageal manometry and a questionnaire of gastrointestinal symptoms were performed on 41 individuals, of whom 13 (31.7%) complained of gastroesophageal reflux. RESULTS The following data were obtained in cases of non-reflux vs. reflux: mean wave amplitude, 53.4 +/- 17.9 mm Hg vs. 48.6 +/- 11.8 mm Hg; similar mean upstroke; and lower esophageal sphincter pressure of 16.7 +/- 6.4 mm Hg vs. 17.9 +/- 4.9 mm Hg (p = 0.5). The relaxing degree and duration were similar. In the analysis according to the severity of the symptoms, we verified the following differences between cases of slight and severe reflux: amplitude in proximal esophagus, 40.75 +/- 13.1 mm Hg sec vs. 23.0 +/- 9.2 mm Hg sec (p = 0.02); mean average upstroke, 36.6 +/- 8.2 mm Hg sec vs. 24.8 +/- 7.3 mm Hg sec (p = 0.02); mean maximum upstroke, 61.4 +/- 10.4 mm Hg sec vs. 47.0 +/- 12.4mm Hg sec (p = 0.04); and relaxing duration, 5.36 +/- 2.0 sec vs. 8.76 +/- 1.6 sec (p = 0.01). CONCLUSIONS 1. No differences in the manometric characteristics of the esophagus were found between individuals with and without reflux. 2. The wave amplitude and the upstroke were significantly higher in the proximal esophagus of patients with less severe complaints. 3. The mean and maximum upstroke of the esophageal wave were lower in individuals with severe reflux. 4. The relaxation duration was higher in patients with severe complaints.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J X Jorge
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
29
|
Jorge JX, Borges CIC, Delgado FJ, Oliveira MH, Pereira MH, Simões MA, Panão EA, Coelho AC, Silva AL, Almeida CC. High levels of leptin modulate esophageal motor characteristics in type 2 diabetic patients. Rom J Intern Med 2011; 49:267-271. [PMID: 22568271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Leptin regulates gastric and intestinal motility, but its effect on oesophageal motility is unknown. We analyzed oesophageal manometric characteristics in diabetics with elevated leptin. METHODS Fasting blood leptin levels were measured in 32 type 2 individuals aged from 39-81 years. An oesophageal stationary manometry was then performed. Each manometric door (P) registered one third of the oesophageal activity. Results are presented as mean +/- SD. RESULTS Twenty-one subjects had elevated leptin (HLL) while 11 displayed normal levels (NLL). Peristaltic wave distributions (%) in NLL vs. HLL were 79.4 +/- 26.3 vs. 88.6 +/- 8.3 (p = 0.2). Simultaneous and retrograde waves showed similar trends. Non-transmitted waves were 16.1 +/- 26.5 vs. 4.6 +/- 4.5% (p < 0.05). Amplitudes in NLL vs. HLL (in mm Hg) were P1: 30.2 +/- 10.8 vs. 33.2 +/- 11.7 (p = 0.4), P2: 38.4 +/- 14.4 vs. 58.0 +/- 21.2 (p = 0.01), P3: 42.4 +/- 14.4 vs. 64.7 +/-2 8.3 (p < 0.006), and average amplitudes: 37.1 +/- 12.1 vs. 52.1 +/- 17.6 (p = 0.01). Wave average upstroke (in mm Hgs) was P1: 25.6 +/- 19.1 vs. 23.3 +/- 10.1 (p = 0.6), P2: 26.8 +/- 10.7 vs. 36.2 +/- 11.6 (p < 0.03), and P3: 25.5 +/- 9.1 vs. 34.1 +/- 16.3, (p < 0.06). Wave maximum upstroke was P1: 39.0 +/- 18.6 vs. 40.5 +/- 13.8, (p = 0.8), P2: 45.5 +/- 15.5 vs. 63.8 +/- 19.2 (p = 0.01), P3: 46.6 +/- 17.8 vs. 65.0 +/- 29.1 (p <0.03). Wave duration in distal oesophagus was 4.5 +/- 0.7 vs. 5.5 +/- 1.1 s (p = 0.01), and velocity 3.3 +/- 3.3 vs. 2.96 +/- 3.7 cm/s (p = 0.6). CONCLUSION 1--Non-transmitted waves were slightly higher in NLL. 2--In medium and distal oesophagus, the wave amplitude, medium and maximum upstroke, and duration in distal oesophagus were increased in HLL.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J X Jorge
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Portugal.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
30
|
Abstract
Dez amostras de cálculos renais foram estudadas por Análise Elementar de CHN (EA), Espectroscopia de Absorção no Infravermelho (IV) e Difração de raios X pelo método de Pó (XRD). O comportamento térmico das amostras foi estudado por Termogravimetria/Termogravimetria Derivada (TG/DTG) e por Calorimetria Exploratória Diferencial (DSC). Os resultados de EA, Espectroscopia de Absorção IV e XRD mostraram a presença de estruvita [NH4Mg(PO4).6H2O], apatita, oxalato de cálcio monohidratado e oxalato de cálcio dihidratado. As curvas TG e DSC permitiram classificar as amostras em dois grupos diferentes: Grupo I mostrando comportamento térmico típico de estruvita e Grupo II apresentando um perfil termoanalítico característico de mistura de oxalatos.
Collapse
|
31
|
|
32
|
Silva AL, Tomé MJ, Correia AE, Passos-Coelho JL. Human mammaglobin RT-PCR assay for detection of occult breast cancer cells in hematopoietic products. Ann Oncol 2002; 13:422-9. [PMID: 11996474 DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdf107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of this study was: (i) to evaluate the sensitivity and specificity of mammaglobin as a reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) marker of breast cancer cells; (ii) to determine the incidence of tumor cell contamination of hematopoietic samples from patients with breast cancer. MATERIALS AND METHODS A nested RT-PCR assay for mammaglobin was developed. Sensitivity was determined by serial dilution assays with breast cancer cell lines, human breast cancers and normal breast tissue. Specificity was evaluated in hematopoietic samples from healthy volunteers and patients with hematological malignancies or solid tumors other than breast cancer. RESULTS The mammaglobin transcript was detected in all 15 breast cancers, one benign breast tumor and five normal breast tissues studied, as well as in three breast cancer cell lines, in dilutions as low as 10(-8). The transcript was not detected in any of 47 peripheral blood samples, 15 bone marrow aspirates and 28 peripheral blood progenitor cell samples from the three control populations. Mammaglobin mRNA was detected in 19 of 78 peripheral blood samples from patients with breast cancer starting systemic chemotherapy, as well as in five of 30 repeat samples collected before the fourth cycle of treatment. The transcript was also present in six of seven bone marrow aspirates from patients with metastatic disease, two of five with loco-regional disease, but not in the aspirate of two patients with thrombocytopenia and a previous history of breast cancer. CONCLUSIONS Human mammaglobin mRNA is a sensitive and specific marker of breast cancer cells and should be further studied as a molecular marker of tumor cell contamination of hematopoietic tissues.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A L Silva
- Centro de Investigação de Patobiologia Molecular, Instituto Português de Oncologia de Francisco Gentil, Lisboa
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
33
|
Silva AL, Diamond J, Silva MR, Passos-Coelho JL. Cytokeratin 20 is not a reliable molecular marker for occult breast cancer cell detection in hematological tissues. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2001; 66:59-66. [PMID: 11368411 DOI: 10.1023/a:1010628802290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Cytokeratins are potential markers for epithelial cell detection in hematological tissues. Thus, we developed a nested reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) strategy to detect cytokeratin 20 (CK20) mRNA and studied its sensitivity and specificity as a molecular marker of occult breast cancer cells. In cell dilution experiments with human breast cancer cell lines, the limit of detection was 1 tumor cell in 1,000 hematological cells. In RNA dilution experiments of breast cancer cells' RNA in E. Coli tRNA, the CK20 transcript was only detectable when at least 1 ng of total tumor RNA was present in a total of 1 microg of RNA mixture. In parallel experiments using colorectal cancer specimens, CK20 mRNA was detected with as little as 1 pg of total tumor RNA, suggesting a low level of CK20 mRNA expression in breast cancer cells. The CK20 transcript was detected in all six tumors and five hematological samples of breast cancer patients but in none of nine hematological cell lines. However, CK20 transcript was also detected in unfractionated nucleated cell population of hematological samples from 23 of 31 (74%) healthy volunteers and from 12 of 24 (50%) patients with hematological malignancies. When mononucleated and polymorphonucleated cell populations of hematological samples from these control groups were screened separately, CK20 expression was detected in 94% of polymorphonucleated cell fractions and in 44% of mononucleated cell subpopulations. Thus, we conclude that the low sensitivity and specificity of RT-PCR detection of CK20 mRNA limits its usefulness for breast cancer cell detection in hematological products.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A L Silva
- Centro de Investigação de Patobiologia Molecular, Instituto Português de Oncologia de Francisco Gentil, Lisboa.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
34
|
Gameiro P, Vieira S, Carrara P, Silva AL, Diamond J, Botelho de Sousa A, Mehta AB, Prentice HG, Guimarães JE, Hoffbrand AV, Foroni L, Parreira A. The PML-RAR alpha transcript in long-term follow-up of acute promyelocytic leukemia patients. Haematologica 2001; 86:577-85. [PMID: 11418366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/20/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Detection of PML-RAR alpha transcripts by RT-PCR is now established as a rapid and sensitive method for diagnosis of acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL). Although the majority of patients in long-term clinical remission are negative by consecutive reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) assays, negative tests are still observed in patients who ultimately relapse. Conversion from negative to positive PCR has been observed after consolidation and found to be a much stronger predictor of relapse. This study reports on 47 APL patients to determine the correlation between minimal residual disease (MRD) status and clinical outcome in our cohort of patients. DESIGN AND METHODS The presence of PML-RAR alpha t transcripts was investigated in 47 APL patients (37 adults and 10 children) using a semi-nested reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction to evaluate the prognostic value of RT-PCR tests. RESULTS All patients achieved complete clinical remission (CCR) following induction treatment with all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) and chemotherapy (CHT) or ATRA alone. Patients were followed up between 2 and 117.6 months (median: 37 months). Relapses occurred in 11 patients (9 adults and 2 children) between 11.4 and 19 months after diagnosis (median: 15.1 months) while 36 patients (28 adults and 8 children) remained in CCR. Seventy-five percent of patients carried the PML-RAR alpha long isoform (bcr 1/2) which also predominated among the relapsed cases (9 of 11) but did not associate with any adverse outcome (p= 0.37). For the purpose of this analysis, minimal residual disease tests were clustered into four time-intervals: 0-2 months, 3-5 months, 6-9 months and 10-24 months. INTERPRETATION AND CONCLUSIONS Children showed persisting disease for longer than adults during the first 2 months of treatment. At 2 months, 10 (50%) of 20 patients who remained in CCR and 4 (80%) of 5 patients who subsequently relapsed were positive. Patients who remained in CCR had repeatedly negative results beyond 5.5 months from diagnosis. A positive MRD test preceded relapse in 3 of 4 tested patients. The ability of a negative test to predict CCR (predictive negative value, PNV) was greater after 6 months (>83%), while the ability of a positive test to predict relapse (predictive positive value, PPV) was most valuable only beyond 10 months (100%). This study (i) highlights the prognostic value of RT-PCR monitoring after treatment of APL patients but only from the end of treatment, (ii) shows an association between conversion to a positive test and relapse and (iii) suggests that PCR assessments should be carried out at 3-month intervals to provide a more accurate prediction of hematologic relapses but only after the end of treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- P Gameiro
- Department of Hematology, Instituto Portuguès de Oncologia, Lisboa, Portugal
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
35
|
Franca JG, do-Nascimento JL, Picanço-Diniz CW, Quaresma JA, Silva AL. NADPH-diaphorase activity in area 17 of the squirrel monkey visual cortex: neuropil pattern, cell morphology and laminar distribution. Braz J Med Biol Res 1997; 30:1093-105. [PMID: 9458970 DOI: 10.1590/s0100-879x1997000900008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
We studied the distribution of NADPH-diaphorase activity in the visual cortex of normal adult New World monkeys (Saimiri sciureus) using the malic enzyme "indirect" method. NADPH-diaphorase neuropil activity had a heterogeneous distribution. In coronal sections, it had a clear laminar pattern that was coincident with Nissl-stained layers. In tangential sections, we observed blobs in supragranular layers of V1 and stripes throughout the entire V2. We quantified and compared the tangential distribution of NADPH-diaphorase and cytochrome oxidase blobs in adjacent sections of the supragranular layers of V1. Although their spatial distributions were rather similar, the two enzymes did not always overlap. The histochemical reaction also revealed two different types of stained cells: a slightly stained subpopulation and a subgroup of deeply stained neurons resembling a Golgi impregnation. These neurons were sparsely spined non-pyramidal cells. Their dendritic arbors were very well stained but their axons were not always evident. In the gray matter, heavily stained neurons showed different dendritic arbor morphologies. However, most of the strongly reactive cells lay in the subjacent white matter, where they presented a more homogenous morphology. Our results demonstrate that the pattern of NADPH-diaphorase activity is similar to that previously described in Old World monkeys.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J G Franca
- Departamento de Fisiologia, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, PA, Brasil.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
36
|
Silva AL, Yamasaki R, de Sala MM, Cabrera MDG, de Sá MF. The addition of fructose or sodium citrate does not improve recovery rates of cryopreserved human spermatozoa. Int J Fertil Menopausal Stud 1996; 41:304-9. [PMID: 8799761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the effects of the addition of sodium citrate and/or fructose to medium containing egg yolk, glycerol and TEST buffer (TES(N-tris[hydroxymethyl] methyl-2-aminoethanesulfonic acid) plus Tris (hydroxymethyl)-aminomethane) on human sperm cryopreservation. DESIGN Sperm cryopreservation in three cryoprotective media, followed by thawing 3 weeks or 3 months later. SETTING University outpatient clinic. MATERIAL AND METHODS Twenty-two semen samples from fertile men were evaluated before and after freezing for 3 weeks or 3 months in three different cryoprotective media consisting of a stock solution (TEST-YOLK) to which 20% sodium citrate was added plus 2% fructose (TESTC I) or to which 20% sodium citrate, but no fructose, was added (TESTC-II).I MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Measurements of quantitative sperm motility, progressive motility, vitality and recovery rates before and after freezing. RESULTS Before freezing, the addition of the different media increased sperm progressive motility but did not change quantitative motility or vitality. Sample freezing reduced all the above variables both after 3 weeks and after 3 months, with no difference between the two freezing times. Semen analysis two hours after thawing showed a significant fall in both motility and vitality when compared with samples analyzed immediately after thawing. No significant differences in recovery rates were observed between media or within the same medium when the two freezing times (3 weeks and 3 months) were compared. CONCLUSION The addition of sodium citrate and/or fructose to the cryoprotective medium does not improve sperm motility or vitality after freezing.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A L Silva
- Department of Gynecology and obstetrics, Faculty of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
37
|
Mazzarolo Cruz HM, Cruz J, Silva AL, Saldanha LB, de Oliveira Penna D. Prevalence of adult primary glomerular diseases: retrospective analysis of 206 kidney biopsies (1990-1993). Rev Hosp Clin Fac Med Sao Paulo 1996; 51:3-6. [PMID: 8762646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
The prevalences of the various histopathologic forms of primary glomerular disease (PGD) were evaluated by the retrospective analysis of 206 kidney biopsies performed in a three-year period (september 1990-september 1993) in patients between 14 and 73 years of age (107 men and 99 women). Data were compared with those of a study conducted in 1985-1987, on patients of the same age group. In the present study, primary glomerular diseases showed the following prevalences: focal glomerulosclerosis, 43.2%; membranous GN, 20.4%; membranoproliferative GN, 14.1%; IgA nephropathy, 10.2%; minimal-change disease, 5.3%; mesangioproliferative GN, 2.9%; acute diffuse GN, 1.9%; rapidly progressive GN and proliferative focal segmental GN, 1% each one. Prevalences were similar in both sexes. Primary glomerular diseases were significantly more prevalent in patients with 35 years or less than in those up this age (64.6% vs 34.4%). Nonproliferative primary glomerular diseases were significantly more prevalent than the proliferative forms (68.9% vs 31.1%). The prevalences of the various histopathologic of PGD, with few exceptions, were about similar in the periods 1985-1987 and 1990-1993: the prevalences of focal glomerulosclerosis, membranous GN, IgA nephropathy and mesangioproliferative GN showed no significant differences; the prevalence of membranoproliferative GN increased (6.8% vs 14.1%), but that of type II remained very low (0.5%). Focal glomerulosclerosis was the most prevalent PGD. The prevalence of IgA nephropathy remained low, comparable with the smallest prevalences found in some of the Western countries.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- H M Mazzarolo Cruz
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of São Paulo School of Medicine, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
38
|
Abstract
Long-term acclimation of Mytilus californianus to 60% artificial sea water (585 mosmol l-1; ASW) led to a 30-40% decrease in the taurine (53.5-36.9 mumol g-1 wet mass) and betaine (44.8-26.2 mumol g-1 wet mass) content of gill tissue, compared with that of control animals held in 100% ASW (980 mosmol l-1). The K+ content of gills did not change following long-term acclimation to reduced salinity. In contrast, losses of all three solutes during a brief (60 min) exposure to 60% ASW were less than or equal to 15%. Nevertheless, the swelling of gill cells that occurred after acute exposure to 60% ASW was followed by a return towards the control volume. Direct optical measurement of single gill filaments confirmed that, during an acute exposure to reduced salinity, ciliated lateral cells increased in cell height (volume) and then underwent a regulatory volume decrease (RVD) with a half-time of approximately 10 min. This short-term RVD was completely inhibited by exposure to 1 mmol l-1 quinidine, a K+ channel blocker, but only when the drug was applied to the basolateral aspect of the gill epithelium. Application of 1 mumol l-1 valinomycin relieved the inhibition by quinidine of the gill RVD. However, addition of valinomycin did not accelerate the rate of RVD observed in the absence of quinidine. These results indicate that long-term acclimation of Mytilus californianus gill in dilute sea water involves primarily losses of taurine and betaine, whereas short-term regulation of cell volume may involve an electrically conductive loss of intracellular K+ and a counter ion.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A L Silva
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson 85724
| | | |
Collapse
|
39
|
Soriano-García M, Iribe RV, Silva AL, Maldonado LA. Structure of 1,4-diethyl-3,5-dimethoxy-1,4-dihydrobenzoic acid. Acta Crystallogr C 1993. [DOI: 10.1107/s0108270193000241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
|
40
|
Abstract
The integumental epithelium of Mytilus californianus gill accumulates amino acids directly from seawater against chemical gradients exceeding 10(7) to 1. In the present report, we confirm the presence of betaine in Mytilus tissue and identify a transport process in the gill for this organic osmolyte. Betaine content of gill tissue from animals acclimated to 100% seawater (980 mosM) was 45 mmol/kg wet wt, similar to that of taurine (53 mmol/kg). The kinetics of betaine uptake were adequately described by the Michaelis-Menten equation, with a Kt of 6 microM and Jmax of 7 mumol.g-1.h-1. Betaine transport was inhibited by L-proline and related structural analogues, and by alanine. L-Proline transport, which involves both high- and low-affinity pathways, was partially inhibited by betaine. The low-affinity proline pathway transports lysine. Betaine and L-lysine showed no reciprocal inhibitory interactions. This pattern of structural specificity suggested that betaine transport in the gill is confined to the alanine-proline pathway. Uptake of 0.5 microM betaine into gills was inhibited by 97% when Na+ in seawater was replaced with Li+. Activation of betaine transport in the gill was a near-linear function of the external Na+ concentration up through 100% artificial seawater (ASW, 425 mM Na+). Acute exposure of the gill to 60% ASW inhibited betaine uptake by 83%. Maintenance of normal osmotic concentration (980 mosM, by addition of mannitol to 60% ASW) reduced inhibition to 31%, similar to the level predicted from the availability of Na+.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S H Wright
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson 85724
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
41
|
Abstract
Taurine, a principal osmolyte in molluscan integument, is actively transported from sea water by Mytilus gill by means of a Na(+)-dependent process. In this study we examined the response of this transport to reductions in external salinity, i.e. the response to reductions in osmotic concentration as well as Na+ concentration. Acute exposure of isolated gill tissue to 60% artificial sea water (ASW) resulted in a greater than 85% inhibition of taurine uptake, substantially more than the 45% inhibition predicted on the basis of the acute reduction in external [Na+]. Within 60 min, however, taurine transport recovered to the level predicted by the Na+ concentration in dilute sea water. Isolated gills acutely exposed to 60% ASW made isosmotic to normal (100%) ASW with mannitol had rates of taurine uptake comparable to gills acclimated for 60 min. Taurine uptake by gill tissue exposed to 60% ASW for 60 min and then returned to 100% ASW for 90 min was not significantly different from that of control gills held in 100% ASW. Glucose uptake by the gill during acute exposure to reduced salinity responded in a pattern similar to that of taurine. Gill tissue increased by 20% in wet mass within 2 min of exposure to 60% ASW, but returned to control mass within 30–60 min, presumably reflecting cell volume regulation. Long-term (12 days) exposure to reduced salinities was not accompanied by increases in taurine transport over that of gills observed following the 60 min ‘short-term’ acclimation. These results suggest that Mytilus gill undergoes a rapid (albeit incomplete) recovery from the extreme inhibition of transport associated with abrupt changes in salinity, and the extent of recovery is defined by the availability of Na+ in the external medium. The extreme sensitivity of taurine uptake observed after acute exposure of gills to reduced salinity is related to the osmotic concentration of the medium, and is possibly linked to a change in cell volume.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A L Silva
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson 85724
| | | |
Collapse
|
42
|
Abstract
The accumulation of amino acids from sea water into the integumental epithelium of the bivalve gill can occur against chemical gradients in excess of 10(6) to 1. The energy to drive this transport has been proposed to come from the inwardly directed Na+ electrochemical gradient. The present study examined the influence of intracellular and extracellular [Na+] on influx and efflux of amino acids in gill tissue from the mussel, Mytilus californianus. Influx of alanine was inhibited by more than 90% when external [Na+] was reduced from 425 to 2 mmol l-1, and by 85% when intracellular [Na+] was increased from approximately 11 to approximately 100 mmol l-1 (by means of a 30-min exposure to the ionophore, nigericin). Efflux of taurine and alanine from gill tissue into normal-Na+ sea water was very low (less than 5% of the Jmax of the carrier-mediated influx pathways). Reducing the external Na+ from 425 to 2 mmol l-1 increased taurine efflux by only 20%. Raising cell [Na+] to approximately 100 mmol l-1 increased taurine efflux 2.7-fold; further increases in cell [Na+] increased taurine efflux another 7.5-fold. These data, in conjunction with results from earlier studies, suggest that activation of integumental amino acid transporters requires an interaction of multiple sodium ions with binding sites of low affinity for this ion. This set of characteristics results in transport systems that are well-adapted for the net accumulation of amino acids from sea water.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S H Wright
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson 85724
| | | | | |
Collapse
|