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Jean P, Wong Jun Tai F, Singh-Estivalet A, Lelli A, Scandola C, Megharba S, Schmutz S, Roux S, Mechaussier S, Sudres M, Mouly E, Heritier AV, Bonnet C, Mallet A, Novault S, Libri V, Petit C, Michalski N. Single-cell transcriptomic profiling of the mouse cochlea: An atlas for targeted therapies. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2023; 120:e2221744120. [PMID: 37339214 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2221744120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Functional molecular characterization of the cochlea has mainly been driven by the deciphering of the genetic architecture of sensorineural deafness. As a result, the search for curative treatments, which are sorely lacking in the hearing field, has become a potentially achievable objective, particularly via cochlear gene and cell therapies. To this end, a complete inventory of cochlear cell types, with an in-depth characterization of their gene expression profiles right up to their final differentiation, is indispensable. We therefore generated a single-cell transcriptomic atlas of the mouse cochlea based on an analysis of more than 120,000 cells on postnatal day 8 (P8), during the prehearing period, P12, corresponding to hearing onset, and P20, when cochlear maturation is almost complete. By combining whole-cell and nuclear transcript analyses with extensive in situ RNA hybridization assays, we characterized the transcriptomic signatures covering nearly all cochlear cell types and developed cell type-specific markers. Three cell types were discovered; two of them contribute to the modiolus which houses the primary auditory neurons and blood vessels, and the third one consists in cells lining the scala vestibuli. The results also shed light on the molecular basis of the tonotopic gradient of the biophysical characteristics of the basilar membrane that critically underlies cochlear passive sound frequency analysis. Finally, overlooked expression of deafness genes in several cochlear cell types was also unveiled. This atlas paves the way for the deciphering of the gene regulatory networks controlling cochlear cell differentiation and maturation, essential for the development of effective targeted treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philippe Jean
- Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, INSERM, Institut de l'Audition, Plasticity of Central Auditory Circuits, F-75012 Paris, France
| | - Fabienne Wong Jun Tai
- Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, INSERM, Institut de l'Audition, Auditory Therapies Innovation Laboratory, F-75012 Paris, France
| | - Amrit Singh-Estivalet
- Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, INSERM, Institut de l'Audition, Auditory Therapies Innovation Laboratory, F-75012 Paris, France
| | - Andrea Lelli
- Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, INSERM, Institut de l'Audition, Auditory Therapies Innovation Laboratory, F-75012 Paris, France
| | - Cyril Scandola
- Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, Ultrastructural BioImaging, F-75015 Paris, France
| | - Sébastien Megharba
- Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, Cytometry and Biomarkers, F-75015 Paris, France
| | - Sandrine Schmutz
- Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, Cytometry and Biomarkers, F-75015 Paris, France
| | - Solène Roux
- Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, INSERM, Institut de l'Audition, Auditory Therapies Innovation Laboratory, F-75012 Paris, France
| | - Sabrina Mechaussier
- Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, INSERM, Institut de l'Audition, Plasticity of Central Auditory Circuits, F-75012 Paris, France
| | - Muriel Sudres
- Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, INSERM, Institut de l'Audition, Auditory Therapies Innovation Laboratory, F-75012 Paris, France
| | - Enguerran Mouly
- Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, INSERM, Institut de l'Audition, Auditory Therapies Innovation Laboratory, F-75012 Paris, France
| | - Anne-Valérie Heritier
- Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, INSERM, Institut de l'Audition, Auditory Therapies Innovation Laboratory, F-75012 Paris, France
| | - Crystel Bonnet
- Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, INSERM, Institut de l'Audition, Auditory Therapies Innovation Laboratory, F-75012 Paris, France
| | - Adeline Mallet
- Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, Ultrastructural BioImaging, F-75015 Paris, France
| | - Sophie Novault
- Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, Cytometry and Biomarkers, F-75015 Paris, France
| | - Valentina Libri
- Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, Cytometry and Biomarkers, F-75015 Paris, France
| | - Christine Petit
- Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, INSERM, Institut de l'Audition, Auditory Therapies Innovation Laboratory, F-75012 Paris, France
- Collège de France, F-75005 Paris, France
| | - Nicolas Michalski
- Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, INSERM, Institut de l'Audition, Plasticity of Central Auditory Circuits, F-75012 Paris, France
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2
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Calvet C, Peineau T, Benamer N, Cornille M, Lelli A, Plion B, Lahlou G, Fanchette J, Nouaille S, Boutet de Monvel J, Estivalet A, Jean P, Michel V, Sachse M, Michalski N, Avan P, Petit C, Dulon D, Safieddine S. The SNARE protein SNAP-25 is required for normal exocytosis at auditory hair cell ribbon synapses. iScience 2022; 25:105628. [DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2022.105628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2022] [Revised: 08/24/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
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3
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Dunbar LA, Patni P, Aguilar C, Mburu P, Corns L, Wells HRR, Delmaghani S, Parker A, Johnson S, Williams D, Esapa CT, Simon MM, Chessum L, Newton S, Dorning J, Jeyarajan P, Morse S, Lelli A, Codner GF, Peineau T, Gopal SR, Alagramam KN, Hertzano R, Dulon D, Wells S, Williams FM, Petit C, Dawson SJ, Brown SDM, Marcotti W, El‐Amraoui A, Bowl MR. Clarin-2 is essential for hearing by maintaining stereocilia integrity and function. EMBO Mol Med 2019; 11:e10288. [PMID: 31448880 PMCID: PMC6728604 DOI: 10.15252/emmm.201910288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2019] [Revised: 07/23/2019] [Accepted: 07/26/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Hearing relies on mechanically gated ion channels present in the actin-rich stereocilia bundles at the apical surface of cochlear hair cells. Our knowledge of the mechanisms underlying the formation and maintenance of the sound-receptive structure is limited. Utilizing a large-scale forward genetic screen in mice, genome mapping and gene complementation tests, we identified Clrn2 as a new deafness gene. The Clrn2clarinet/clarinet mice (p.Trp4* mutation) exhibit a progressive, early-onset hearing loss, with no overt retinal deficits. Utilizing data from the UK Biobank study, we could show that CLRN2 is involved in human non-syndromic progressive hearing loss. Our in-depth morphological, molecular and functional investigations establish that while it is not required for initial formation of cochlear sensory hair cell stereocilia bundles, clarin-2 is critical for maintaining normal bundle integrity and functioning. In the differentiating hair bundles, lack of clarin-2 leads to loss of mechano-electrical transduction, followed by selective progressive loss of the transducing stereocilia. Together, our findings demonstrate a key role for clarin-2 in mammalian hearing, providing insights into the interplay between mechano-electrical transduction and stereocilia maintenance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucy A Dunbar
- Mammalian Genetics UnitMRC Harwell InstituteHarwellUK
| | - Pranav Patni
- Déficits Sensoriels ProgressifsInstitut PasteurINSERM UMR‐S 1120Sorbonne UniversitésParisFrance
| | | | | | - Laura Corns
- Department of Biomedical ScienceUniversity of SheffieldSheffieldUK
| | - Helena RR Wells
- Department of Twin Research & Genetic EpidemiologyKing's College LondonLondonUK
| | - Sedigheh Delmaghani
- Déficits Sensoriels ProgressifsInstitut PasteurINSERM UMR‐S 1120Sorbonne UniversitésParisFrance
| | - Andrew Parker
- Mammalian Genetics UnitMRC Harwell InstituteHarwellUK
| | - Stuart Johnson
- Department of Biomedical ScienceUniversity of SheffieldSheffieldUK
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Susan Morse
- Mammalian Genetics UnitMRC Harwell InstituteHarwellUK
| | - Andrea Lelli
- Génétique et Physiologie de l'AuditionInstitut PasteurINSERM UMR‐S 1120Collège de FranceSorbonne UniversitésParisFrance
| | | | - Thibault Peineau
- Laboratoire de Neurophysiologie de la Synapse AuditiveUniversité de BordeauxBordeauxFrance
| | - Suhasini R Gopal
- Department of Otolaryngology – Head and Neck SurgeryUniversity Hospitals Cleveland Medical CenterCase Western Reserve UniversityClevelandOHUSA
| | - Kumar N Alagramam
- Department of Otolaryngology – Head and Neck SurgeryUniversity Hospitals Cleveland Medical CenterCase Western Reserve UniversityClevelandOHUSA
| | - Ronna Hertzano
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Anatomy and Neurobiology and Institute for Genome SciencesUniversity of Maryland School of MedicineBaltimoreMDUSA
| | - Didier Dulon
- Laboratoire de Neurophysiologie de la Synapse AuditiveUniversité de BordeauxBordeauxFrance
| | - Sara Wells
- Mary Lyon CentreMRC Harwell InstituteHarwellUK
| | - Frances M Williams
- Department of Twin Research & Genetic EpidemiologyKing's College LondonLondonUK
| | - Christine Petit
- Génétique et Physiologie de l'AuditionInstitut PasteurINSERM UMR‐S 1120Collège de FranceSorbonne UniversitésParisFrance
| | | | | | - Walter Marcotti
- Department of Biomedical ScienceUniversity of SheffieldSheffieldUK
| | - Aziz El‐Amraoui
- Déficits Sensoriels ProgressifsInstitut PasteurINSERM UMR‐S 1120Sorbonne UniversitésParisFrance
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4
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Michel V, Booth KT, Patni P, Cortese M, Azaiez H, Bahloul A, Kahrizi K, Labbé M, Emptoz A, Lelli A, Dégardin J, Dupont T, Aghaie A, Oficjalska-Pham D, Picaud S, Najmabadi H, Smith RJ, Bowl MR, Brown SD, Avan P, Petit C, El-Amraoui A. CIB2, defective in isolated deafness, is key for auditory hair cell mechanotransduction and survival. EMBO Mol Med 2018; 9:1711-1731. [PMID: 29084757 PMCID: PMC5709726 DOI: 10.15252/emmm.201708087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Defects of CIB2, calcium‐ and integrin‐binding protein 2, have been reported to cause isolated deafness, DFNB48 and Usher syndrome type‐IJ, characterized by congenital profound deafness, balance defects and blindness. We report here two new nonsense mutations (pGln12* and pTyr110*) in CIB2 patients displaying nonsyndromic profound hearing loss, with no evidence of vestibular or retinal dysfunction. Also, the generated CIB2−/− mice display an early onset profound deafness and have normal balance and retinal functions. In these mice, the mechanoelectrical transduction currents are totally abolished in the auditory hair cells, whilst they remain unchanged in the vestibular hair cells. The hair bundle morphological abnormalities of CIB2−/− mice, unlike those of mice defective for the other five known USH1 proteins, begin only after birth and lead to regression of the stereocilia and rapid hair‐cell death. This essential role of CIB2 in mechanotransduction and cell survival that, we show, is restricted to the cochlea, probably accounts for the presence in CIB2−/− mice and CIB2 patients, unlike in Usher syndrome, of isolated hearing loss without balance and vision deficits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincent Michel
- Génétique et Physiologie de l'Audition, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France.,Unité Mixte de Recherche- UMRS 1120, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Paris, France.,Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris06, Paris, France
| | - Kevin T Booth
- Molecular Otolaryngology and Renal Research Laboratories, Department of Otolaryngology- Head and Neck Surgery, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa.,Department of Molecular Medicine, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa
| | - Pranav Patni
- Génétique et Physiologie de l'Audition, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France.,Unité Mixte de Recherche- UMRS 1120, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Paris, France.,Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris06, Paris, France
| | - Matteo Cortese
- Génétique et Physiologie de l'Audition, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France.,Unité Mixte de Recherche- UMRS 1120, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Paris, France.,Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris06, Paris, France
| | - Hela Azaiez
- Molecular Otolaryngology and Renal Research Laboratories, Department of Otolaryngology- Head and Neck Surgery, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa
| | - Amel Bahloul
- Génétique et Physiologie de l'Audition, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France.,Unité Mixte de Recherche- UMRS 1120, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Paris, France.,Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris06, Paris, France
| | - Kimia Kahrizi
- Genetics Research Center, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ménélik Labbé
- Génétique et Physiologie de l'Audition, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France.,Unité Mixte de Recherche- UMRS 1120, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Paris, France.,Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris06, Paris, France
| | - Alice Emptoz
- Génétique et Physiologie de l'Audition, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France.,Unité Mixte de Recherche- UMRS 1120, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Paris, France.,Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris06, Paris, France
| | - Andrea Lelli
- Génétique et Physiologie de l'Audition, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France.,Unité Mixte de Recherche- UMRS 1120, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Paris, France.,Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris06, Paris, France
| | - Julie Dégardin
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris06, Paris, France.,Retinal information processing - Pharmacology and Pathology, Institut de la Vision, Paris, France
| | - Typhaine Dupont
- Génétique et Physiologie de l'Audition, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France.,Unité Mixte de Recherche- UMRS 1120, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Paris, France.,Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris06, Paris, France
| | - Asadollah Aghaie
- Génétique et Physiologie de l'Audition, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France.,Unité Mixte de Recherche- UMRS 1120, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Paris, France.,Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris06, Paris, France.,Syndrome de Usher et Autres Atteintes Rétino-Cochléaires, Institut de la Vision, Paris, France
| | - Danuta Oficjalska-Pham
- Génétique et Physiologie de l'Audition, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France.,Unité Mixte de Recherche- UMRS 1120, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Paris, France.,Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris06, Paris, France
| | - Serge Picaud
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris06, Paris, France.,Retinal information processing - Pharmacology and Pathology, Institut de la Vision, Paris, France
| | - Hossein Najmabadi
- Genetics Research Center, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Richard J Smith
- Molecular Otolaryngology and Renal Research Laboratories, Department of Otolaryngology- Head and Neck Surgery, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa
| | - Michael R Bowl
- Mammalian Genetics Unit, MRC Harwell Institute, Oxford, UK
| | | | - Paul Avan
- Laboratoire de Biophysique Sensorielle, Faculté de Médecine, Biophysique Médicale, Centre Jean Perrin, Université d'Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Christine Petit
- Génétique et Physiologie de l'Audition, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France.,Unité Mixte de Recherche- UMRS 1120, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Paris, France.,Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris06, Paris, France.,Collège de France, Paris, France
| | - Aziz El-Amraoui
- Génétique et Physiologie de l'Audition, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France .,Unité Mixte de Recherche- UMRS 1120, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Paris, France.,Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris06, Paris, France
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5
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Lelli A, Michel V, Boutet de Monvel J, Cortese M, Bosch-Grau M, Aghaie A, Perfettini I, Dupont T, Avan P, El-Amraoui A, Petit C. Class III myosins shape the auditory hair bundles by limiting microvilli and stereocilia growth. J Gen Physiol 2016. [DOI: 10.1085/jgp.1472oia7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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6
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Lelli A, Michel V, Boutet de Monvel J, Cortese M, Bosch-Grau M, Aghaie A, Perfettini I, Dupont T, Avan P, El-Amraoui A, Petit C. Class III myosins shape the auditory hair bundles by limiting microvilli and stereocilia growth. J Cell Biol 2016; 212:231-44. [PMID: 26754646 PMCID: PMC4738386 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.201509017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2015] [Accepted: 12/07/2015] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Analysis of mice deficient for myosin IIIa and myosin IIIb shows that class III myosins limit the elongation of stereocilia and of subsequently regressing microvilli, thus contributing to the early hair bundle shaping. The precise architecture of hair bundles, the arrays of mechanosensitive microvilli-like stereocilia crowning the auditory hair cells, is essential to hearing. Myosin IIIa, defective in the late-onset deafness form DFNB30, has been proposed to transport espin-1 to the tips of stereocilia, thereby promoting their elongation. We show that Myo3a−/−Myo3b−/− mice lacking myosin IIIa and myosin IIIb are profoundly deaf, whereas Myo3a-cKO Myo3b−/− mice lacking myosin IIIb and losing myosin IIIa postnatally have normal hearing. Myo3a−/−Myo3b−/− cochlear hair bundles display robust mechanoelectrical transduction currents with normal kinetics but show severe embryonic abnormalities whose features rapidly change. These include abnormally tall and numerous microvilli or stereocilia, ungraded stereocilia bundles, and bundle rounding and closure. Surprisingly, espin-1 is properly targeted to Myo3a−/−Myo3b−/− stereocilia tips. Our results uncover the critical role that class III myosins play redundantly in hair-bundle morphogenesis; they unexpectedly limit the elongation of stereocilia and of subsequently regressing microvilli, thus contributing to the early hair bundle shaping.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Lelli
- Unité de Génétique et Physiologie de l'Audition, Institut Pasteur, 75724 Paris, Cedex 15, France Unité Mixte de Recherche UMRS1120, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, 75015 Paris, France Sorbonne Universités, Université Pierre et Marie Curie (UPMC Paris VI), Complexité du Vivant, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Vincent Michel
- Unité de Génétique et Physiologie de l'Audition, Institut Pasteur, 75724 Paris, Cedex 15, France Unité Mixte de Recherche UMRS1120, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, 75015 Paris, France Sorbonne Universités, Université Pierre et Marie Curie (UPMC Paris VI), Complexité du Vivant, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Jacques Boutet de Monvel
- Unité de Génétique et Physiologie de l'Audition, Institut Pasteur, 75724 Paris, Cedex 15, France Unité Mixte de Recherche UMRS1120, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, 75015 Paris, France Sorbonne Universités, Université Pierre et Marie Curie (UPMC Paris VI), Complexité du Vivant, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Matteo Cortese
- Unité de Génétique et Physiologie de l'Audition, Institut Pasteur, 75724 Paris, Cedex 15, France Unité Mixte de Recherche UMRS1120, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, 75015 Paris, France Sorbonne Universités, Université Pierre et Marie Curie (UPMC Paris VI), Complexité du Vivant, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Montserrat Bosch-Grau
- Unité de Génétique et Physiologie de l'Audition, Institut Pasteur, 75724 Paris, Cedex 15, France Unité Mixte de Recherche UMRS1120, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, 75015 Paris, France Sorbonne Universités, Université Pierre et Marie Curie (UPMC Paris VI), Complexité du Vivant, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Asadollah Aghaie
- Unité de Génétique et Physiologie de l'Audition, Institut Pasteur, 75724 Paris, Cedex 15, France Unité Mixte de Recherche UMRS1120, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, 75015 Paris, France Sorbonne Universités, Université Pierre et Marie Curie (UPMC Paris VI), Complexité du Vivant, 75005 Paris, France Syndrome de Usher et Autres Atteintes Rétino-Cochléaires, Institut de la Vision, 75012 Paris, France
| | - Isabelle Perfettini
- Unité de Génétique et Physiologie de l'Audition, Institut Pasteur, 75724 Paris, Cedex 15, France Unité Mixte de Recherche UMRS1120, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, 75015 Paris, France Sorbonne Universités, Université Pierre et Marie Curie (UPMC Paris VI), Complexité du Vivant, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Typhaine Dupont
- Unité de Génétique et Physiologie de l'Audition, Institut Pasteur, 75724 Paris, Cedex 15, France Unité Mixte de Recherche UMRS1120, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, 75015 Paris, France Sorbonne Universités, Université Pierre et Marie Curie (UPMC Paris VI), Complexité du Vivant, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Paul Avan
- Laboratoire de Biophysique Sensorielle, Faculté de Médecine, Université d'Auvergne; Biophysique Médicale, Centre Jean Perrin, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Aziz El-Amraoui
- Unité de Génétique et Physiologie de l'Audition, Institut Pasteur, 75724 Paris, Cedex 15, France Unité Mixte de Recherche UMRS1120, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, 75015 Paris, France Sorbonne Universités, Université Pierre et Marie Curie (UPMC Paris VI), Complexité du Vivant, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Christine Petit
- Unité de Génétique et Physiologie de l'Audition, Institut Pasteur, 75724 Paris, Cedex 15, France Unité Mixte de Recherche UMRS1120, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, 75015 Paris, France Sorbonne Universités, Université Pierre et Marie Curie (UPMC Paris VI), Complexité du Vivant, 75005 Paris, France Syndrome de Usher et Autres Atteintes Rétino-Cochléaires, Institut de la Vision, 75012 Paris, France Collège de France, 75005 Paris, France
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7
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Behlouli A, Bonnet C, Abdi S, Bouaita A, Lelli A, Hardelin JP, Schietroma C, Rous Y, Louha M, Cheknane A, Lebdi H, Boudjelida K, Makrelouf M, Zenati A, Petit C. EPS8, encoding an actin-binding protein of cochlear hair cell stereocilia, is a new causal gene for autosomal recessive profound deafness. Orphanet J Rare Dis 2014; 9:55. [PMID: 24741995 PMCID: PMC4022326 DOI: 10.1186/1750-1172-9-55] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2014] [Accepted: 04/08/2014] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Almost 90% of all cases of congenital, non-syndromic, severe to profound inherited deafness display an autosomal recessive mode of transmission (DFNB forms). To date, 47 causal DFNB genes have been identified, but many others remain to be discovered. We report the study of two siblings born to consanguineous Algerian parents and affected by isolated, profound congenital deafness. Method Whole-exome sequencing was carried out on these patients after a failure to identify mutations in the DFNB genes frequently involved. Results A biallelic nonsense mutation, c.88C > T (p.Gln30*), was identified in EPS8 that encodes epidermal growth factor receptor pathway substrate 8, a 822 amino-acid protein involved in actin dynamics. This mutation predicts a truncated inactive protein or no protein at all. The mutation was also present, in the heterozygous state, in one clinically unaffected sibling and in both unaffected parents, and was absent from the other two unaffected siblings. It was not found in 120 Algerian normal hearing control individuals or in the Exome Variant Server database. EPS8 is an F-actin capping and bundling protein. Mutant mice lacking EPS8 (Eps8−/− mice), which is present in the hair bundle, the sensory antenna of the auditory sensory cells that operate the mechano-electrical transduction, are also profoundly deaf and have abnormally short hair bundle stereocilia. Conclusion This new DFNB form is likely to arise from abnormal hair bundles resulting in compromised detection of physiological sound pressures.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Christine Petit
- INSERM UMRS1120, UPMC, Institut de la Vision, Paris, France.
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8
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Sahly I, Dufour E, Schietroma C, Michel V, Bahloul A, Perfettini I, Pepermans E, Estivalet A, Carette D, Aghaie A, Ebermann I, Lelli A, Iribarne M, Hardelin JP, Weil D, Sahel JA, El-Amraoui A, Petit C. Localization of Usher 1 proteins to the photoreceptor calyceal processes, which are absent from mice. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012; 199:381-99. [PMID: 23045546 PMCID: PMC3471240 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.201202012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 120] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The mechanisms underlying retinal dystrophy in Usher syndrome type I (USH1) remain unknown because mutant mice lacking any of the USH1 proteins-myosin VIIa, harmonin, cadherin-23, protocadherin-15, sans-do not display retinal degeneration. We found here that, in macaque photoreceptor cells, all USH1 proteins colocalized at membrane interfaces (i) between the inner and outer segments in rods and (ii) between the microvillus-like calyceal processes and the outer segment basolateral region in rods and cones. This pattern, conserved in humans and frogs, was mediated by the formation of an USH1 protein network, which was associated with the calyceal processes from the early embryonic stages of outer segment growth onwards. By contrast, mouse photoreceptors lacked calyceal processes and had no USH1 proteins at the inner-outer segment interface. We suggest that USH1 proteins form an adhesion belt around the basolateral region of the photoreceptor outer segment in humans, and that defects in this structure cause the retinal degeneration in USH1 patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iman Sahly
- Institut de la vision, Syndrome de Usher et autres Atteintes Rétino-Cochléaires, 75012 Paris, France
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9
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Kawashima Y, Géléoc GSG, Kurima K, Labay V, Lelli A, Asai Y, Makishima T, Wu DK, Della Santina CC, Holt JR, Griffith AJ. Mechanotransduction in mouse inner ear hair cells requires transmembrane channel-like genes. J Clin Invest 2011; 121:4796-809. [PMID: 22105175 DOI: 10.1172/jci60405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 293] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2011] [Accepted: 10/19/2011] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Inner ear hair cells convert the mechanical stimuli of sound, gravity, and head movement into electrical signals. This mechanotransduction process is initiated by opening of cation channels near the tips of hair cell stereocilia. Since the identity of these ion channels is unknown, and mutations in the gene encoding transmembrane channel-like 1 (TMC1) cause hearing loss without vestibular dysfunction in both mice and humans, we investigated the contribution of Tmc1 and the closely related Tmc2 to mechanotransduction in mice. We found that Tmc1 and Tmc2 were expressed in mouse vestibular and cochlear hair cells and that GFP-tagged TMC proteins localized near stereocilia tips. Tmc2 expression was transient in early postnatal mouse cochlear hair cells but persisted in vestibular hair cells. While mice with a targeted deletion of Tmc1 (Tmc1(Δ) mice) were deaf and those with a deletion of Tmc2 (Tmc2(Δ) mice) were phenotypically normal, Tmc1(Δ)Tmc2(Δ) mice had profound vestibular dysfunction, deafness, and structurally normal hair cells that lacked all mechanotransduction activity. Expression of either exogenous TMC1 or TMC2 rescued mechanotransduction in Tmc1(Δ)Tmc2(Δ) mutant hair cells. Our results indicate that TMC1 and TMC2 are necessary for hair cell mechanotransduction and may be integral components of the mechanotransduction complex. Our data also suggest that persistent TMC2 expression in vestibular hair cells may preserve vestibular function in humans with hearing loss caused by TMC1 mutations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshiyuki Kawashima
- Molecular Biology and Genetics Section, National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders, NIH, Rockville, Maryland 20850-3320, USA
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10
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Kaldowski B, Lelli A, Giehl J, Vestweber B, Vestweber KH. Single Port transanale Tumorresektion (SPTTR) – eine gute alternative zur TEM? Zentralbl Chir 2011. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0031-1288998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
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11
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Charizopoulou N, Lelli A, Schraders M, Ray K, Hildebrand MS, Ramesh A, Srisailapathy CRS, Oostrik J, Admiraal RJC, Neely HR, Latoche JR, Smith RJH, Northup JK, Kremer H, Holt JR, Noben-Trauth K. Gipc3 mutations associated with audiogenic seizures and sensorineural hearing loss in mouse and human. Nat Commun 2011; 2:201. [PMID: 21326233 PMCID: PMC3105340 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms1200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2010] [Accepted: 01/19/2011] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Sensorineural hearing loss affects the quality of life and communication of millions of people, but the underlying molecular mechanisms remain elusive. Here, we identify mutations in Gipc3 underlying progressive sensorineural hearing loss (age-related hearing loss 5, ahl5) and audiogenic seizures (juvenile audiogenic monogenic seizure 1, jams1) in mice and autosomal recessive deafness DFNB15 and DFNB95 in humans. Gipc3 localizes to inner ear sensory hair cells and spiral ganglion. A missense mutation in the PDZ domain has an attenuating effect on mechanotransduction and the acquisition of mature inner hair cell potassium currents. Magnitude and temporal progression of wave I amplitude of afferent neurons correlate with susceptibility and resistance to audiogenic seizures. The Gipc3(343A) allele disrupts the structure of the stereocilia bundle and affects long-term function of auditory hair cells and spiral ganglion neurons. Our study suggests a pivotal role of Gipc3 in acoustic signal acquisition and propagation in cochlear hair cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikoletta Charizopoulou
- Section on Neurogenetics, Laboratory of Molecular Biology, National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, Maryland 20850, USA
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12
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Lelli A, Asai Y, Forge A, Holt JR, Géléoc GSG. Tonotopic gradient in the developmental acquisition of sensory transduction in outer hair cells of the mouse cochlea. J Neurophysiol 2009; 101:2961-73. [PMID: 19339464 DOI: 10.1152/jn.00136.2009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 135] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Inner ear hair cells are exquisite mechanosensors that transduce nanometer scale deflections of their sensory hair bundles into electrical signals. Several essential elements must be precisely assembled during development to confer the unique structure and function of the mechanotransduction apparatus. Here we investigated the functional development of the transduction complex in outer hair cells along the length of mouse cochlea acutely excised between embryonic day 17 (E17) and postnatal day 8 (P8). We charted development of the stereociliary bundle using scanning electron microscopy; FM1-43 uptake, which permeates hair cell transduction channels, mechanotransduction currents evoked by rapid hair bundle deflections, and mRNA expression of possible components of the transduction complex. We demonstrated that uptake of FM1-43 first occurred in the basal portion of the cochlea at P0 and progressed toward the apex over the subsequent week. Electrophysiological recordings obtained from 234 outer hair cells between E17 and P8 from four cochlear regions revealed a correlation between the pattern of FM1-43 uptake and the acquisition of mechanotransduction. We found a spatiotemporal gradient in the properties of transduction including onset, amplitude, operating range, time course, and extent of adaptation. We used quantitative RT-PCR to examine relative mRNA expression of several hair cell myosins and candidate tip-link molecules. We found spatiotemporal expression patterns for mRNA that encodes cadherin 23, protocadherin 15, myosins 3a, 7a, 15a, and PMCA2 that preceded the acquisition of transduction. The spatiotemporal expression patterns of myosin 1c and PMCA2 mRNA were correlated with developmental changes in several properties of mechanotransduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Lelli
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, Virginia 22908-1392, USA
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13
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Bortolozzi M, Lelli A, Mammano F. Calcium microdomains at presynaptic active zones of vertebrate hair cells unmasked by stochastic deconvolution. Cell Calcium 2008; 44:158-68. [PMID: 18249440 DOI: 10.1016/j.ceca.2007.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2007] [Revised: 11/01/2007] [Accepted: 11/08/2007] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Signal transduction by auditory and vestibular hair cells involves an impressive ensemble of finely tuned control mechanisms, strictly dependent on the local intracellular Ca(2+) concentration ([Ca(2+)](i)). The study of Ca(2+) dynamics in hair cells typically combines Ca(2+)-sensitive fluorescent indicators (dyes), patch clamp and optical microscopy to produce images of the patterns of fluorescence of a Ca(2+) indicator following various stimulation protocols. Here we describe a novel method that combines electrophysiological recordings, fluorescence imaging and numerical simulations to effectively deconvolve Ca(2+) signals within cytoplasmic microdomains that would otherwise remain inaccessible to direct observation. The method relies on the comparison of experimental data with virtual signals derived from a Monte Carlo reaction-diffusion model based on a realistic reconstruction of the relevant cell boundaries in three dimensions. The model comprises Ca(2+) entry at individual presynaptic active zones followed by diffusion, buffering, extrusion and release of Ca(2+). Our results indicate that changes of the hair cell [Ca(2+)](i) during synaptic transmission are primarily controlled by the Ca(2+) endogenous buffers both at short (<1mu) and at long (tens of microns) distances from the active zones. We provide quantitative estimates of concentration and kinetics of the hair cell endogenous Ca(2+) buffers and Ca(2+)-ATPases. We finally show that experimental fluorescence data collected during Ca(2+) influx are not interpreted correctly if the [Ca(2+)](i) is estimated by assuming that Ca(2+) equilibrates instantly with its reactants. In our opinion, this approach is of potentially general interest as it can be easily adapted to the study of Ca(2+) dynamics in diverse biological systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mario Bortolozzi
- Foundation for Advanced Biomedical Research, Venetian Institute of Molecular Medicine, via G. Orus 2, 35129 Padova, Italy
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14
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Narzi L, Ferraguti G, Stamato A, Narzi F, Valentini SB, Lelli A, Delaroche I, Lucarelli M, Strom R, Quattrucci S. Does cystic fibrosis neonatal screening detect atypical CF forms? Extended genetic characterization and 4-year clinical follow-up. Clin Genet 2007; 72:39-46. [PMID: 17594398 DOI: 10.1111/j.1399-0004.2007.00825.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The neonatal screening protocol for cystic fibrosis (CF) is based on a first determination of blood immunoreactive trypsin (IRT1), followed by a first level genetic test that includes the 31 worldwide most common mutations of the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) gene (DNA31), and a second determination of blood immunoreactive trypsin (IRT2). This approach identifies, in addition to affected subjects, a high proportion of newborns with hypertrypsinaemia at birth, in whom only one mutation is identified and who have a negative or borderline sweat test and pancreatic sufficiency. Although it has been suggested that hypertrypsinaemia may be caused by a single CFTR mutation, whether such neonates should be merely considered as healthy carriers remains a matter of debate as hypertrypsinaemia at birth may be a biochemical marker of a CFTR malfunction because of a second mild mutation. We analyzed, by means of an extended sequencing protocol, 32 newborns who tested positive at an IRT1/DNA31/IRT2 screening protocol and in whom only one CFTR mutation was found. The results obtained demonstrate that 62.5% of these newborns were also carrying a second mild CFTR mutation. The high proportion of compound heterozygous subjects, combined with the results of a 4-year follow-up in nine of these subjects all of whom displaying initial CF clinical symptoms, suggest that it may be possible to use the IRT1/DNA31/IRT2 protocol of neonatal screening to identify newborns with atypical forms of CF. In view of these findings, an extended genetic search for subjects with compound heterozygosity and a periodic clinical assessment should be considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Narzi
- Department of Paediatrics, Cystic Fibrosis Centre, University of Rome La Sapienza, Rome, Italy
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15
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Ficarella R, Di Leva F, Bortolozzi M, Ortolano S, Donaudy F, Petrillo M, Melchionda S, Lelli A, Domi T, Fedrizzi L, Lim D, Shull GE, Gasparini P, Brini M, Mammano F, Carafoli E. A functional study of plasma-membrane calcium-pump isoform 2 mutants causing digenic deafness. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2007; 104:1516-21. [PMID: 17234811 PMCID: PMC1785272 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.0609775104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Ca2+ enters the stereocilia of hair cells through mechanoelectrical transduction channels opened by the deflection of the hair bundle and is exported back to endolymph by an unusual splicing isoform (w/a) of plasma-membrane calcium-pump isoform 2 (PMCA2). Ablation or missense mutations of the pump cause deafness, as described for the G283S mutation in the deafwaddler (dfw) mouse. A deafness-inducing missense mutation of PMCA2 (G293S) has been identified in a human family. The family also was screened for mutations in cadherin 23, which accentuated hearing loss in a previously described human family with a PMCA2 mutation. A T1999S substitution was detected in the cadherin 23 gene of the healthy father and affected son but not in that of the unaffected mother, who presented instead the PMCA2 mutation. The w/a isoform was overexpressed in CHO cells. At variance with the other PMCA2 isoforms, it became activated only marginally when exposed to a Ca2+ pulse. The G293S and G283S mutations delayed the dissipation of Ca2+ transients induced in CHO cells by InsP3. In organotypic cultures, Ca2+ imaging of vestibular hair cells showed that the dissipation of stereociliary Ca2+ transients induced by Ca2+ uncaging was compromised in the dfw and PMCA2 knockout mice, as was the sensitivity of the mechanoelectrical transduction channels to hair bundle displacement in cochlear hair cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- R. Ficarella
- *Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - F. Di Leva
- Departments of Biochemistry, Experimental Veterinary Sciences, and
| | - M. Bortolozzi
- Venetian Institute of Molecular Medicine, 35129 Padua, Italy
| | - S. Ortolano
- Venetian Institute of Molecular Medicine, 35129 Padua, Italy
| | - F. Donaudy
- *Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - M. Petrillo
- *Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - S. Melchionda
- Unit of Medical Genetics, Instituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico, Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, 71013 San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy
| | - A. Lelli
- Venetian Institute of Molecular Medicine, 35129 Padua, Italy
| | - T. Domi
- Departments of Biochemistry, Experimental Veterinary Sciences, and
| | - L. Fedrizzi
- Departments of Biochemistry, Experimental Veterinary Sciences, and
| | - D. Lim
- Venetian Institute of Molecular Medicine, 35129 Padua, Italy
| | - G. E. Shull
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45221; and
| | - P. Gasparini
- *Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine, 80131 Naples, Italy
- Unit of Medical Genetics, Department of Reproductive Science and Development, Instituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico-Burlo Garofalo, University of Trieste, 34127 Trieste, Italy
| | - M. Brini
- Departments of Biochemistry, Experimental Veterinary Sciences, and
- **To whom correspondence may be addressed. E-mail:
, , or fabio.mammano@unipd
| | - F. Mammano
- Physics, University of Padua, 35121 Padua, Italy
- Venetian Institute of Molecular Medicine, 35129 Padua, Italy
- **To whom correspondence may be addressed. E-mail:
, , or fabio.mammano@unipd
| | - E. Carafoli
- Venetian Institute of Molecular Medicine, 35129 Padua, Italy
- **To whom correspondence may be addressed. E-mail:
, , or fabio.mammano@unipd
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16
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Lelli A, Perin P, Martini M, Ciubotaru CD, Prigioni I, Valli P, Rossi ML, Mammano F. Presynaptic calcium stores modulate afferent release in vestibular hair cells. J Neurosci 2003; 23:6894-903. [PMID: 12890784 PMCID: PMC6740727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Hair cells, the mechanoreceptors of the acoustic and vestibular system, are presynaptic to primary afferent neurons of the eighth nerve and excite neural activity by the release of glutamate. In the present work, the role played by intracellular Ca2+ stores in afferent transmission was investigated, at the presynaptic level, by monitoring changes in the intracellular Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]i) in vestibular hair cells, and, at the postsynaptic level, by recording from single posterior canal afferent fibers. Application of 1-10 mm caffeine to hair cells potentiated Ca2+ responses evoked by depolarization at selected Ca2+ hot spots, and also induced a graded increase in cell membrane capacitance (DeltaCm), signaling exocytosis of the transmitter. Ca2+ signals evoked by caffeine peaked in a region located approximately 10 microm from the base of the hair cell. [Ca2+]i increases, similarly localized, were observed after 500 msec depolarizations, but not with 50 msec depolarizations, suggesting the occurrence of calcium-induced calcium release (CICR) from the same stores. Both Ca2+ and DeltaCm responses were inhibited after incubation with ryanodine (40 microm) for 8-10 min. Consistent with these results, afferent transmission was potentiated by caffeine and inhibited by ryanodine both at the level of action potentials and of miniature EPSPs (mEPSPs). Neither caffeine nor ryanodine affected the shape and amplitude of mEPSPs, indicating that both drugs acted at the presynaptic level. These results strongly suggest that endogenous modulators of the CICR process will affect afferent activity elicited by mechanical stimuli in the physiological frequency range.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Lelli
- Venetian Institute of Molecular Medicine, via Giuseppe Orus 2, 35129 Padua, Italy
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17
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Russo G, Lelli A, Gioglio L, Prigioni I. Nature and expression of dihydropyridine-sensitive and -insensitive calcium currents in hair cells of frog semicircular canals. Pflugers Arch 2003; 446:189-97. [PMID: 12684799 DOI: 10.1007/s00424-003-1050-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2002] [Accepted: 02/27/2003] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Ca(2+) currents in hair cells of the frog crista ampullaris were studied using the whole-cell patch-clamp technique. Currents were recorded in situ from hair cells in peripheral, intermediate and central regions of the sensory epithelium. Two types of Ca(2+) currents were found: a partially inactivating current that was expressed by nearly all central cells and by about 65% of intermediate and peripheral cells, and a sustained current expressed by the remaining cell population. The mean Ca(2+) current amplitude was larger in intermediate cells than in central or peripheral cells. The two types of Ca(2+) currents were composed of two components: a large, nifedipine-sensitive (NS) current and a small, nifedipine-insensitive (NI) current. The latter was resistant to SNX-482, omega-conotoxin MVIIC and omega-agatoxin IVA and to omega-conotoxin GVIA, antagonists of R, P/Q and N-type Ca(2+) channels. The amplitude of NS and NI currents varied among peripheral cells, where the current density gradually increased from the beginning of the region toward its end. No significant variation of Ca(2+) current density was detected in hair cells of either intermediate or central regions. These results demonstrate the presence of regional and intraregional variations in the expression of L and non-L Ca(2+) channels in the frog crista ampullaris. Finally, immunocytochemical investigations revealed the presence of Ca(2+) channel subunits of the alpha(1D) type and the unexpected expression of alpha(1B)-subunits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giancarlo Russo
- Dipartimento di Scienze Fisiologiche Farmacologiche Cellulari-Molecolari, Università di Pavia, Via Forlanini 6, 27100, Pavia, Italy
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18
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Narzi L, Lucarelli M, Lelli A, Grandoni F, Lo Cicero S, Ferraro A, Matarazzo P, Delaroche I, Quattrucci S, Strom R, Antonelli M. Comparison of two different protocols of neonatal screening for cystic fibrosis. Clin Genet 2002; 62:245-9. [PMID: 12220442 DOI: 10.1034/j.1399-0004.2002.620311.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The results of two different protocols of neonatal cystic fibrosis (CF) screening in the Lazio region of Italy are reported. The first study, conducted from 1992 to 2000 on about 200,000 newborns, consisted of an immunoreactive trypsin (IRT) protocol without mutation analysis of the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) gene, referred to as the IRT/IRT protocol. Approximately 5% of the newborns with a positive first IRT test were also positive at the second test; approximately 57% of the newborns with a high IRT level at the second test were subsequently found to be affected by CF. In September 1998, a second protocol that included mutation analysis (IRT/DNA/IRT protocol) was started. Comparison of the two different screening protocols in terms of sensitivity in detecting CF patients demonstrated that the IRT/DNA/IRT protocol is more effective because it is able to detect a higher number of CF patients than the IRT/IRT protocol. In the same period, in addition to the overall diagnosis performed on a screening basis, 64 other subjects were identified as being affected by CF on the basis of symptomatic findings. The overall incidence of CF (screening + symptoms) was 1 : 2982, while that for carriers was 1 : 27. The sensitivity of the screening program increased over the period from 1992 to 2000, with the enhanced sensitivity in the past 2 years being due to the introduction of the IRT/DNA/IRT protocol.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Narzi
- Centro Fibrosi Cistica Regione Lazio, Clinica Pediatrica, and Sezione Biochimica Clinica, Dip. di Biotecnologie Cellulari ed Ematologia, Università di Roma La Sapienza, Italy.
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19
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Abstract
In the present work we studied the intraregional expression of voltage-dependent Ca2+ and K+ currents in hair cells of frog crista ampullaris. The currents were recorded in situ from sensory cells of the peripheral region, the most populated region of the crista, by using the whole-cell variant of the patch-clamp technique. Voltage-clamp recordings revealed that the calcium current (I(Ca)) and the outward potassium currents of I(A), I(K) I(KCa) types and the inward rectifier potassium current of I(K1) type exhibited a significant gradient of density (pA/pF) along the region. I(A) density was maximal in cells located at the beginning of the peripheral region and decreased gradually becoming very small at the opposite end. All the other currents showed an opposite gradient of expression. Current-clamp experiments showed that the voltage behaviour of hair cells changed in relation to cell position. Cells located at the beginning of the peripheral region showed large depolarizations from the resting potential (close to -45 mV) which are consistent with the presence of small I(K) and I(KCa), and an I(A) largely inactivated at rest. These cells also exhibited slowly developing and large hyperpolarizations that approached passive ones, due to the lack of I(K1). In contrast, cells located at the opposite side of the region showed smaller depolarizations and hyperpolarizations from the resting potential (close to -65 mV), due to the presence of large I(K) and I(KCa), and I(K1), respectively. The possible role of the intraregional variation of Ca2+ and K+ currents in both hair cell function and afferent discharge properties is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Russo
- Dipartimento di Scienze Fisiologiche Farmacologiche, Cellulari-Molecolari, Università di Pavia, Italy
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20
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Lucidi V, Lelli A, Castro M, Bella S, Ciuffetti C, Ravet P, Orrù M, Angeloni U, Angeloni P. [Neonatal screening for cystic fibrosis]. Pediatr Med Chir 1994; 16:445-8. [PMID: 7885953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Cystic fibrosis (C.F.), a congenital lethal disease involving many organs, is responsible of chronic pulmonary disease and maldigestion. At the beginning symptoms can be feeble and diagnosis is often delayed, especially in those cases with an isolated pulmonary expression. It is demonstrated that early diagnosis and immediate prophylaxis of pulmonary infections and maldigestion improves survival. Thus a neonatal screening test is required. Although various attempts have been done, dating from 1968, there is no evidence, up to now, of a real utility of neonatal screening tests in C.F. The only test with a minor frequency of false negatives and positives is the RIA trypsin serum dosage to be executed within 3-5 days of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Lucidi
- Divisione di Gastroenterologia, Ospedale Bambino Gesù di Roma, Italia
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21
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Giannone AM, Tozzi MC, Bruni L, Lelli A, Lops G, Angeloni U. [Vaccination against hepatitis B in childhood as possible means of infection control]. Minerva Pediatr 1990; 42:461-3. [PMID: 2150541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
A follow-up of 21 months was conducted in order to evaluate the efficacy of vaccination against Hepatitis B Virus in a group of 54 children (age 2-14) belonging to family cluster characterized by the presence of HBsAg healthy carriers. HB-VAX, plasma-derived, and Engerix B, by a recombinant DNA technique, were both employed and administered with the following schedule: three doses of 0, 1 and 6 months. Out of 54 subjects, 48 completed the follow-up. These children all presented a good immune response as assessed at 1 and 12 months after the last administration. The results obtained show that this vaccination, free from side effects, is the most efficacious and safest tool to control the spread of Hepatitis B Virus infection and its complications at short and long term, especially when carried out on a large scale.
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Affiliation(s)
- A M Giannone
- V Cattedra di Clinica Pediatrica, Università degli Studi di Roma La Sapienza
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22
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Bonarelli S, Maioli A, Altimari G, Lelli A. [Paravertebral block of the lumbar plexus. Variations of the original technic]. Minerva Anestesiol 1990; 56:81-4. [PMID: 2215989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
After studying a hundred or so abdominal CT scans carried out at L5 level and having verified that the interfascial compartment between the quadrate muscle of the lumbi and the psoas muscle is relatively fixed (1.8-2.3 cm), it is proposed to utilise this datum (introduction of the 2 cm) needle after contact with the transverse apophysis of L5) to identify the psoas compartment which contains most of the nerves making up the lumbar plexus. Study of the series and results obtained confirm the value and simplicity of the proposed technique.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Bonarelli
- I Servizio Anestesia Rianimazione, USL n. 27, Bologna Ovest
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Bonarelli S, Maioli A, Lelli A. [Incidence and severity of postoperative anemia in elderly patients treated with Ender intramedullary nails]. Minerva Anestesiol 1989; 55:269-72. [PMID: 2694005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Stress is laid on the state of progressive anaemia that follows osteosynthesis with Ender intramedullary nails in elderly patients suffering from femoral pertrochanteric fracture. The behaviour of haemochromocytometric values has been examined in a series of 56 female patients aged more than 75, from the time of admission to the fourth day subsequent to surgery: in sharp contrast with the minor trauma triggered by the operation, a significant reduction was observed in haemoglobinaemia and in haematocrit value. Attempting, hypothetically, to give a plausible justification to these results, it is concluded by recommending careful clinical and laboratory control during the days immediately following the operation.
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Cristiano P, Abbate S, De Falco R, Ferulano GP, Formato A, Iovene MR, Lelli A, Mirone V, Mozzillo N, Ottaviano A. [Validity and limitations of antibiotic prevention in surgery. Multicenter clinical study]. MINERVA CHIR 1985; 40:1577-82. [PMID: 3911107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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25
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Fischetti GC, Giovannoni T, Stillitani E, Cristini C, Furbetta A, Lelli A. [Treatment of complicated urinary infections with a new drug of unusual efficacy: norfloxacin]. MINERVA UROL NEFROL 1985; 37:83-6. [PMID: 2413557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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26
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Lelli A, Ronconi P, Foco M, Castiglioni GC, Serino F, Pittiruti M. [Tiropramide in the prevention of post-cholecystectomy disorders]. Chir Patol Sper 1984; 32:101-5. [PMID: 6400437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
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27
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Luzzi L, Lelli A, Romagnoli R, Nico C, Palumbo M, Crapa G, Valocchi M. Attività in Vitro E Sperimentazione Clinica Di Un Nuovo Derivato Chinolonico: La Norfloxacina. Urologia 1983. [DOI: 10.1177/039156038305000509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Lotti T, Altieri A, Baccarani P, Bono A, Cristiano P, Di Donna D, Fabris P, Lelli A, Miano L, Mirone V, Nicolao M, Piazza B, Prosperi F, Rizzo F, Rizzo M, Rosi F, Salvia G, Tizzani A, Traversa GB, Usai E. [Sodium cefoxitin in urology. Polycentric clinical study]. Minerva Urol 1982; 34:251-5. [PMID: 7167143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
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29
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Boccanera L, Laus M, Lelli A. Chronic lateral instability of the ankle. Ital J Orthop Traumatol 1982; 8:315-20. [PMID: 7161067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
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30
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Boccanera L, Pelliccioni S, Laus M, Lelli A. Surgical treatment of isthmic spondylolisthesis in adults. Review of 44 cases with long-term control. Ital J Orthop Traumatol 1982; 8:271-81. [PMID: 6219076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
The results are presented of 44 cases of isthmic spondylolisthesis in adults treated surgically. The Authors consider three groups treated by: A) surgery to free the nerve roots, B) posterior fusion with or without freeing of the nerve roots, C) posteriorlateral fusion. After an analysis of the techniques at present in use for the treatment of spondylolisthesis, the Authors conclude that, in adults, posteriorlateral fusion produces a high percentage of successes with low risk.
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31
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Mattoccia LP, Lelli A, Cioli D. Sex and drugs in Schistosoma mansoni. J Parasitol 1982; 68:347-9. [PMID: 6176705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
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Abstract
Adult, immature and hycanthone-resistant schistosomes were allowed to incorporate tritiated precursors of macromolecule synthesis in vitro, either in the presence of various concentrations of hycanthone, or at various times after removal of the drug. The effect on worms was compared to that on HeLa cells. The results show that hycanthone markedly inhibited the incorporation of uridine in all the systems studied, while the incorporation of thymidine and leucine was only secondarily affected. The inhibition of uridine incorporation reflected in part a decreased uptake of the radioactive precursor. The hycanthone-induced inhibition of uridine incorporation was essentially irreversible upon removal of the drug in adult schistosomes, while it was completely reversible in hycanthone-resistant worms, in immature worms and in HeLa cells. The effects of a hycanthone analog, IA-4, were largely comparable to the effects of the parent compound. These results suggest that the inhibition of RNA synthesis can be a possible explanation for the mechanism of the schistosomicidal action of hycanthone.
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Agnoli A, Ruggieri S, Denaro A, Lelli A. Parkinson's disease improvement after the addition of levodopa-carbidopa to anticholinergic treatment. An open controlled study. Acta Neurol (Napoli) 1978; 33:436-42. [PMID: 756675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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35
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Carrera F, Lelli A. [Viral hepatitis. Considerations on cases treated in the Ospedale di Circolo in 1966]. Minerva Med 1968; 59:2852-9. [PMID: 5671374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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36
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Lelli A. [The use of iodized contrast media in an ambulatory unit. Considerations on the outline of professional responsibility]. Minerva Med 1967; 58:3459-65. [PMID: 6061051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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37
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Lelli A. [Statistical considerations on the distribution according to site and age of cases of neoplasms treated with cobalt teletherapy]. Minerva Med 1967; 58:1841-4. [PMID: 6026645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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38
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Lelli A. [Considerations on the general principles that must be known by those planning a hospital department of nuclear medicine]. Minerva Med 1967; 58:1754-61. [PMID: 6026754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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39
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Lelli A. [Findings on the incidence of gastroduodenal ulcer in a selected insured population and on its distribution in relation to sex and age]. Minerva Med 1966; 57:4018-22. [PMID: 5926797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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Lelli A, Novario M. [Considerations on emergency hospitalization in the I.N.A.M. population of the province of Varese]. Minerva Med 1966; 57:4032-4. [PMID: 5926802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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