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Ried JS, Jeff M. J, Chu AY, Bragg-Gresham JL, van Dongen J, Huffman JE, Ahluwalia TS, Cadby G, Eklund N, Eriksson J, Esko T, Feitosa MF, Goel A, Gorski M, Hayward C, Heard-Costa NL, Jackson AU, Jokinen E, Kanoni S, Kristiansson K, Kutalik Z, Lahti J, Luan J, Mägi R, Mahajan A, Mangino M, Medina-Gomez C, Monda KL, Nolte IM, Pérusse L, Prokopenko I, Qi L, Rose LM, Salvi E, Smith MT, Snieder H, Stančáková A, Ju Sung Y, Tachmazidou I, Teumer A, Thorleifsson G, van der Harst P, Walker RW, Wang SR, Wild SH, Willems SM, Wong A, Zhang W, Albrecht E, Couto Alves A, Bakker SJL, Barlassina C, Bartz TM, Beilby J, Bellis C, Bergman RN, Bergmann S, Blangero J, Blüher M, Boerwinkle E, Bonnycastle LL, Bornstein SR, Bruinenberg M, Campbell H, Chen YDI, Chiang CWK, Chines PS, Collins FS, Cucca F, Cupples LA, D'Avila F, de Geus EJ.C, Dedoussis G, Dimitriou M, Döring A, Eriksson JG, Farmaki AE, Farrall M, Ferreira T, Fischer K, Forouhi NG, Friedrich N, Gjesing AP, Glorioso N, Graff M, Grallert H, Grarup N, Gräßler J, Grewal J, Hamsten A, Harder MN, Hartman CA, Hassinen M, Hastie N, Hattersley AT, Havulinna AS, Heliövaara M, Hillege H, Hofman A, Holmen O, Homuth G, Hottenga JJ, Hui J, Husemoen LL, Hysi PG, Isaacs A, Ittermann T, Jalilzadeh S, James AL, Jørgensen T, Jousilahti P, Jula A, Marie Justesen J, Justice AE, Kähönen M, Karaleftheri M, Tee Khaw K, Keinanen-Kiukaanniemi SM, Kinnunen L, Knekt PB, Koistinen HA, Kolcic I, Kooner IK, Koskinen S, Kovacs P, Kyriakou T, Laitinen T, Langenberg C, Lewin AM, Lichtner P, Lindgren CM, Lindström J, Linneberg A, Lorbeer R, Lorentzon M, Luben R, Lyssenko V, Männistö S, Manunta P, Leach IM, McArdle WL, Mcknight B, Mohlke KL, Mihailov E, Milani L, Mills R, Montasser ME, Morris AP, Müller G, Musk AW, Narisu N, Ong KK, Oostra BA, Osmond C, Palotie A, Pankow JS, Paternoster L, Penninx BW, Pichler I, Pilia MG, Polašek O, Pramstaller PP, Raitakari OT, Rankinen T, Rao DC, Rayner NW, Ribel-Madsen R, Rice TK, Richards M, Ridker PM, Rivadeneira F, Ryan KA, Sanna S, Sarzynski MA, Scholtens S, Scott RA, Sebert S, Southam L, Sparsø TH, Steinthorsdottir V, Stirrups K, Stolk RP, Strauch K, Stringham HM, Swertz MA, Swift AJ, Tönjes A, Tsafantakis E, van der Most PJ, Van Vliet-Ostaptchouk JV, Vandenput L, Vartiainen E, Venturini C, Verweij N, Viikari JS, Vitart V, Vohl MC, Vonk JM, Waeber G, Widén E, Willemsen G, Wilsgaard T, Winkler TW, Wright AF, Yerges-Armstrong LM, Hua Zhao J, Carola Zillikens M, Boomsma DI, Bouchard C, Chambers JC, Chasman DI, Cusi D, Gansevoort RT, Gieger C, Hansen T, Hicks AA, Hu F, Hveem K, Jarvelin MR, Kajantie E, Kooner JS, Kuh D, Kuusisto J, Laakso M, Lakka TA, Lehtimäki T, Metspalu A, Njølstad I, Ohlsson C, Oldehinkel AJ, Palmer LJ, Pedersen O, Perola M, Peters A, Psaty BM, Puolijoki H, Rauramaa R, Rudan I, Salomaa V, Schwarz PEH, Shudiner AR, Smit JH, Sørensen TIA, Spector TD, Stefansson K, Stumvoll M, Tremblay A, Tuomilehto J, Uitterlinden AG, Uusitupa M, Völker U, Vollenweider P, Wareham NJ, Watkins H, Wilson JF, Zeggini E, Abecasis GR, Boehnke M, Borecki IB, Deloukas P, van Duijn CM, Fox C, Groop LC, Heid IM, Hunter DJ, Kaplan RC, McCarthy MI, North KE, O'Connell JR, Schlessinger D, Thorsteinsdottir U, Strachan DP, Frayling T, Hirschhorn JN, Müller-Nurasyid M, Loos RJF. A principal component meta-analysis on multiple anthropometric traits identifies novel loci for body shape. Nat Commun 2016; 7:13357. [PMID: 27876822 PMCID: PMC5114527 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms13357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2016] [Accepted: 09/21/2016] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Large consortia have revealed hundreds of genetic loci associated with anthropometric traits, one trait at a time. We examined whether genetic variants affect body shape as a composite phenotype that is represented by a combination of anthropometric traits. We developed an approach that calculates averaged PCs (AvPCs) representing body shape derived from six anthropometric traits (body mass index, height, weight, waist and hip circumference, waist-to-hip ratio). The first four AvPCs explain >99% of the variability, are heritable, and associate with cardiometabolic outcomes. We performed genome-wide association analyses for each body shape composite phenotype across 65 studies and meta-analysed summary statistics. We identify six novel loci: LEMD2 and CD47 for AvPC1, RPS6KA5/C14orf159 and GANAB for AvPC3, and ARL15 and ANP32 for AvPC4. Our findings highlight the value of using multiple traits to define complex phenotypes for discovery, which are not captured by single-trait analyses, and may shed light onto new pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janina S. Ried
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Janina Jeff M.
- The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, The Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York 10029, USA
| | - Audrey Y. Chu
- Division of Preventive Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, USA
| | - Jennifer L. Bragg-Gresham
- Kidney Epidemiology and Cost Center, Internal Medicine-Nephrology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
| | - Jenny van Dongen
- Department of Biological Psychology, VU University, 1081BT Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jennifer E. Huffman
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, EH4 2XU Edinburgh, Scotland
| | - Tarunveer S. Ahluwalia
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Section of Metabolic Genetics, University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
- Steno Diabetes Center A/S, DK-2820 Gentofte, Denmark
- COPSAC, Copenhagen Prospective Studies on Asthma in Childhood, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Ledreborg Allé 34, DK-2820 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Gemma Cadby
- Centre for Genetic Origins of Health and Disease, University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia 6009, Australia
| | - Niina Eklund
- Department of Health, National Institute for Health and Welfare (THL), FI-00271 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Joel Eriksson
- Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, 413 45 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Tõnu Esko
- Broad Institute of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 2142, USA
- Divisions of Endocrinology and Genetics and Center for Basic and Translational Obesity Research, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
- Estonian Genome Center, University of Tartu, Tartu 51010, Estonia
- Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
| | - Mary F. Feitosa
- Division of Statistical Genomics, Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri 63108, USA
| | - Anuj Goel
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7BN, UK
| | - Mathias Gorski
- Department of Nephrology, University Hospital Regensburg, 93042 Regensburg, Germany
- Department of Genetic Epidemiology, Institute of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, University of Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Caroline Hayward
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, EH4 2XU Edinburgh, Scotland
| | - Nancy L. Heard-Costa
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, the Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, Massachusetts 01702, USA
- Department of Neurology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts 02118, USA
| | - Anne U. Jackson
- Department of Biostatistics, Center for Statistical Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
| | - Eero Jokinen
- Hospital for Children and Adolescents, University of Helsinki, FI-00290 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Stavroula Kanoni
- Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Human Genetics, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1SA, UK
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - Kati Kristiansson
- Department of Health, National Institute for Health and Welfare (THL), FI-00271 Helsinki, Finland
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland, University of Helsinki, FI-00290 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Zoltán Kutalik
- Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, 1005, Switzerland
- Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, University Hospital Lausanne (CHUV), 1010 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Jari Lahti
- Folkhälsan Research Centre, FI-00290 Helsinki, Finland
- Institute of Behavioural Sciences, University of Helsinki, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jian'an Luan
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Reedik Mägi
- Estonian Genome Center, University of Tartu, Tartu 51010, Estonia
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7BN, UK
| | - Anubha Mahajan
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7BN, UK
| | - Massimo Mangino
- Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, King's College London, London SE1 7EH, UK
| | - Carolina Medina-Gomez
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, 3015GE Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center, 3015GE Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Keri L. Monda
- Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, USA
- The Center for Observational Research, Amgen Inc., Thousand Oaks, California 91320-1799, USA
| | - Ilja M. Nolte
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, 9700 RB Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Louis Pérusse
- Department of Kinesiology, Laval University, Québec, Québec, Canada G1V 0A6
- Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods, Laval University, Québec, Québec, Canada G1V 0A6
| | - Inga Prokopenko
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7BN, UK
- Department of Genomics of Common Disease, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London W12 0NN, UK
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Oxford, Churchill Hospital, Oxford OX3 7LJ, UK
| | - Lu Qi
- Department of Medicine, Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
| | - Lynda M. Rose
- Division of Preventive Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, USA
| | - Erika Salvi
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Milano at San Paolo Hospital, 20139 Milano, Italy
- Filarete Foundation, Genomic and Bioinformatics Unit, Milano 20139, Italy
| | - Megan T. Smith
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA
| | - Harold Snieder
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, 9700 RB Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Alena Stančáková
- Department of Medicine, University of Eastern Finland and Kuopio University Hospital, 70210 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Yun Ju Sung
- Division of Biostatistics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri 63110, USA
| | - Ioanna Tachmazidou
- Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Human Genetics, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1SA, UK
| | - Alexander Teumer
- Institute for Community Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, 17475 Greifswald, Germany
- Interfaculty Institute for Genetics and Functional Genomics, University Medicine Greifswald, 17475 Greifswald, Germany
| | | | - Pim van der Harst
- Durrer Center for Cardiogenetic Research, Interuniversity Cardiology Institute Netherlands-Netherlands Heart Institute, 3501 DG Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Department of Genetics, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, 9700 RB Groningen, The Netherlands
- Department of Cardiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, 9700 RB Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Ryan W. Walker
- The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, The Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York 10029, USA
- The Department of Preventive Medicine, The Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York 10029, USA
| | - Sophie R. Wang
- Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
- Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of Harvard and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, USA
- Division of Endocrinology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
- Divisions of Genetics and Endocrinology and Program in Genomics, Boston's Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
| | - Sarah H. Wild
- Centre for Global Health Research, Usher Institute of Population Health Sciences and Informatics, University of Edinburgh, EH8 9AG Teviot Place, Edinburgh, Scotland
| | - Sara M. Willems
- Department of Epidemiology, Genetic Epidemiology Unit, Erasmus University Medical Center, 3015GE Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Andrew Wong
- MRC Unit for Lifelong Health & Ageing at UCL, London WC1B 5JU, UK
| | - Weihua Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Imperial College London, London W2 1PG, UK
- Ealing Hospital NHS Trust, Middlesex UB1 3HW, UK
| | - Eva Albrecht
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Alexessander Couto Alves
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, MRC Health Protection Agency (HPA) Centre for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College, London W12 0NN, UK
| | - Stephan J. L. Bakker
- Department of Medicine, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, 9700 RB Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Cristina Barlassina
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Milano at San Paolo Hospital, 20139 Milano, Italy
- Filarete Foundation, Genomic and Bioinformatics Unit, Milano 20139, Italy
| | - Traci M. Bartz
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98101, USA
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98101, USA
| | - John Beilby
- Pathwest Laboratory Medicine of Western Australia, Nedlands, Western Australia 6009, Australia
- School of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Western Australia, Nedlands, Western Australia 6009, Australia
| | - Claire Bellis
- Genomics Research Centre, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland 4001, Australia
- Human Genetics, Genome Institute of Singapore, Agency for Science, Technology and Research of Singapore, Singapore 138672, Singapore
| | - Richard N. Bergman
- Diabetes and Obesity Research Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California 90048, USA
| | - Sven Bergmann
- Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, 1005, Switzerland
| | - John Blangero
- South Texas Diabetes and Obesity Institute, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, Brownsville, Texas 78520, USA
| | - Matthias Blüher
- University of Leipzig, IFB Adiposity Diseases, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
- Department of Medicine, University of Leipzig, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Eric Boerwinkle
- Human Genetics Center and Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
| | - Lori L. Bonnycastle
- Medical Genomics and Metabolic Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA
| | - Stefan R. Bornstein
- Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus, Department of Medicine III, University of Dresden, 01307 Dresden, Germany
| | - Marcel Bruinenberg
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, The LifeLines Cohort Study, 9700 RB Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Harry Campbell
- Centre for Global Health Research, Usher Institute of Population Health Sciences and Informatics, University of Edinburgh, EH8 9AG Teviot Place, Edinburgh, Scotland
| | - Yii-Der Ida Chen
- Los Angeles BioMedical Resesarch Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, California 90502, USA
| | | | - Peter S. Chines
- Medical Genomics and Metabolic Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA
| | - Francis S Collins
- Medical Genomics and Metabolic Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA
| | | | - L Adrienne Cupples
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, the Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, Massachusetts 01702, USA
| | - Francesca D'Avila
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Milano at San Paolo Hospital, 20139 Milano, Italy
- Filarete Foundation, Genomic and Bioinformatics Unit, Milano 20139, Italy
| | - Eco J .C. de Geus
- Department of Biological Psychology, VU University, 1081BT Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- EMGO Institute for Health and Care Research, VU University Medical Center, 1081 BT Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - George Dedoussis
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Science and Education, Harokopio University, 17671 Athens, Greece
| | - Maria Dimitriou
- Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Human Genetics, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1SA, UK
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Science and Education, Harokopio University, 17671 Athens, Greece
| | - Angela Döring
- Institute of Epidemiology I, Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute of Epidemiology II, Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Johan G. Eriksson
- Folkhälsan Research Centre, FI-00290 Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Chronic Disease Prevention, National Institute for Health and Welfare, FI-00271 Helsinki, Finland
- Department of General Practice and Primary Health Care, University of Helsinki, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Aliki-Eleni Farmaki
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Science and Education, Harokopio University, 17671 Athens, Greece
| | - Martin Farrall
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7BN, UK
| | - Teresa Ferreira
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7BN, UK
| | - Krista Fischer
- Estonian Genome Center, University of Tartu, Tartu 51010, Estonia
| | - Nita G. Forouhi
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Nele Friedrich
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, 17475 Greifswald, Germany
| | - Anette Prior Gjesing
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Section of Metabolic Genetics, University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Nicola Glorioso
- Hypertension and Related Disease Centre, AOU-University of Sassari, 7100 Sassari, Italy
| | - Mariaelisa Graff
- Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, USA
| | - Harald Grallert
- Institute of Epidemiology II, Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
- Research Unit of Molecular Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Niels Grarup
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Section of Metabolic Genetics, University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jürgen Gräßler
- Department of Medicine III, Pathobiochemistry, Technische Universitaet, 01307 Dresden, Germany
| | - Jagvir Grewal
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Imperial College London, London W2 1PG, UK
- Ealing Hospital NHS Trust, Middlesex UB1 3HW, UK
| | - Anders Hamsten
- Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Medicine Solna, Atherosclerosis Research Unit, Karolinska Institutet, 17176 Stockholm 17176, Sweden
- Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital, 17176 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Marie Neergaard Harder
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Section of Metabolic Genetics, University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Catharina A. Hartman
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Interdisciplinary Center Psychopathology and Emotion Regulation, 9700 RB Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Maija Hassinen
- Kuopio Research Institute of Exercise Medicine, 70100 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Nicholas Hastie
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, EH4 2XU Edinburgh, Scotland
| | - Andrew Tym Hattersley
- Institue of Biomedical & Clinical Science, University of Exeter, Barrack Road, Exeter EX2 5DW, UK
| | - Aki S. Havulinna
- Department of Health, National Institute for Health and Welfare (THL), FI-00271 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Markku Heliövaara
- Department of Health, National Institute for Health and Welfare (THL), FI-00271 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Hans Hillege
- Department of Cardiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, 9700 RB Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Albert Hofman
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, 3015GE Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Oddgeir Holmen
- Department of Public Health and General Practice, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7489 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Georg Homuth
- Interfaculty Institute for Genetics and Functional Genomics, University Medicine Greifswald, 17475 Greifswald, Germany
| | - Jouke-Jan Hottenga
- Department of Biological Psychology, VU University, 1081BT Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jennie Hui
- Pathwest Laboratory Medicine of Western Australia, Nedlands, Western Australia 6009, Australia
- School of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Western Australia, Nedlands, Western Australia 6009, Australia
- School of Population Health, University of Western Australia, Nedlands, Western Australia 6009, Australia
| | - Lise Lotte Husemoen
- Research Centre for Prevention and Health, Glostrup Hospital, 2600 Glostrup, Denmark
| | - Pirro G. Hysi
- Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, King's College London, London SE1 7EH, UK
| | - Aaron Isaacs
- Department of Epidemiology, Genetic Epidemiology Unit, Erasmus University Medical Center, 3015GE Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Till Ittermann
- Institute for Community Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, 17475 Greifswald, Germany
| | - Shapour Jalilzadeh
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7BN, UK
| | - Alan L. James
- Department of Pulmonary Physiology and Sleep Medicine, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Nedlands, Western Australia 6009, Australia
| | - Torben Jørgensen
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Aalborg, 9220 Aalborg, Denmark
- Research Centre for Prevention and Health, Capital Region of Denmark, DK2600 Glostrup, Denmark
| | - Pekka Jousilahti
- Department of Health, National Institute for Health and Welfare (THL), FI-00271 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Antti Jula
- Department of Health, National Institute for Health and Welfare (THL), FI-00271 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Johanne Marie Justesen
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Section of Metabolic Genetics, University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Anne E. Justice
- Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, USA
| | - Mika Kähönen
- Department of Clinical Physiology, Tampere University Hospital, FI-33521 Tampere, Finland
- Department of Clinical Physiology, University of Tampere School of Medicine, FI-33014 Tampere, Finland
| | | | - Kay Tee Khaw
- Clinical Gerontology Unit, Box 251, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Hills Road, Cambridge CB2 2QQ, UK
| | - Sirkka M. Keinanen-Kiukaanniemi
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Health Sciences, University of Oulu, Oulu F1-90014, Finland
- Unit of General Practice, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu FI-90029, Finland
| | - Leena Kinnunen
- National Institute for Health and Welfare, FI-00271 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Paul B. Knekt
- Department of Health, National Institute for Health and Welfare (THL), FI-00271 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Heikki A. Koistinen
- National Institute for Health and Welfare, FI-00271 Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Medicine and Abdominal Center: Endocrinology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Central Hospital,, 00029 Helsinki, Finland
- Minerva Foundation Institute for Medical Research, 00290 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Ivana Kolcic
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Split, 21000 Split, Croatia
| | | | - Seppo Koskinen
- Department of Health, National Institute for Health and Welfare (THL), FI-00271 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Peter Kovacs
- University of Leipzig, IFB Adiposity Diseases, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Theodosios Kyriakou
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7BN, UK
| | - Tomi Laitinen
- Kuopio University Hospital, 70029 Kuopio, Finland
- Department of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, FI-70211 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Claudia Langenberg
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, UCL, London WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Alexandra M. Lewin
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, MRC Health Protection Agency (HPA) Centre for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College, London W12 0NN, UK
| | - Peter Lichtner
- Institute of Human Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Cecilia M. Lindgren
- Broad Institute of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 2142, USA
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7BN, UK
- The Big Data Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7LJ, UK
| | - Jaana Lindström
- Department of Health, National Institute for Health and Welfare (THL), FI-00271 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Allan Linneberg
- Research Centre for Prevention and Health, Glostrup Hospital, 2600 Glostrup, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Experimental Research, Rigshospitalet, 2600 Glostrup, Denmark
| | - Roberto Lorbeer
- Institute for Community Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, 17475 Greifswald, Germany
| | - Mattias Lorentzon
- Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, 413 45 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Robert Luben
- Strangeways Research Laboratory Wort's Causeway, Cambridge CB1 8RN, UK
| | - Valeriya Lyssenko
- Steno Diabetes Center A/S, DK-2820 Gentofte, Denmark
- Lund University Diabetes Centre and Department of Clinical Science, Diabetes & Endocrinology Unit, Lund University, 221 00 Malmö, Sweden
| | - Satu Männistö
- Department of Health, National Institute for Health and Welfare (THL), FI-00271 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Paolo Manunta
- Chair of Nephrology, Università Vita Salute San Raffaele and Genomics of Renal Diseases and Hypertension Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan 20139, Italy
| | - Irene Mateo Leach
- Department of Cardiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, 9700 RB Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Wendy L. McArdle
- School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol BS82BN, UK
| | - Barbara Mcknight
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98101, USA
- Divison of Public Health Sciences, Program in Biostatistics and Biomathematics, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington 98109, USA
| | - Karen L. Mohlke
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, USA
| | - Evelin Mihailov
- Estonian Genome Center, University of Tartu, Tartu 51010, Estonia
| | - Lili Milani
- Estonian Genome Center, University of Tartu, Tartu 51010, Estonia
| | | | - May E. Montasser
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes & Nutrition, Department of Medicine, Program for Personalized and Genomic Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21201, USA
| | - Andrew P. Morris
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7BN, UK
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 3GA, UK
| | - Gabriele Müller
- Center for Evidence Based Healthcare, University of Dresden, Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus, Dresden, 01307, Germany
| | - Arthur W. Musk
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Nedlands, West Australia 6009, Australia
| | - Narisu Narisu
- Medical Genomics and Metabolic Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA
| | - Ken K. Ong
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK
- MRC Unit for Lifelong Health & Ageing at UCL, London WC1B 5JU, UK
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Ben A. Oostra
- Department of Epidemiology, Genetic Epidemiology Unit, Erasmus University Medical Center, 3015GE Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Clive Osmond
- MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology Unit, University of Southampton, Southampton General Hospital, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK
| | - Aarno Palotie
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland, University of Helsinki, FI-00290 Helsinki, Finland
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Center for Human Genetic Research, Psychiatric and Neurodevelopmental Genetics Unit, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, USA
| | - James S. Pankow
- Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455-0381, USA
| | - Lavinia Paternoster
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TH, UK
| | - Brenda W. Penninx
- Department of Psychiatry and EMGO Institute for Health and Care Research, VU University Medical Center, AJ Ernstraat 1887, 1081 HL Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Irene Pichler
- Center for Biomedicine, European Academy Bozen/Bolzano (EURAC), 39100 Bolzano, Italy
- Affiliated Institute of the University of Lübeck, 23562 Lübeck, Germany
| | - Maria G. Pilia
- Istituto di Ricerca Genetica e Biomedica, CNR, 9042 Monserrato, Italy
| | - Ozren Polašek
- Centre for Global Health Research, Usher Institute of Population Health Sciences and Informatics, University of Edinburgh, EH8 9AG Teviot Place, Edinburgh, Scotland
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Split, 21000 Split, Croatia
| | - Peter P. Pramstaller
- Center for Biomedicine, European Academy Bozen/Bolzano (EURAC), 39100 Bolzano, Italy
- Affiliated Institute of the University of Lübeck, 23562 Lübeck, Germany
- Department of Neurology, University of Lübeck, 23562 Lübeck, Germany
- Department of Neurology, General Central Hospital, 39100 Bolzano, Italy
| | - Olli T Raitakari
- Department of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine, Turku University Hospital, FI-20521 Turku, Finland
- Research Centre of Applied and Preventive Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Turku, FI-20520 Turku, Finland
| | - Tuomo Rankinen
- Human Genomics Laboratory, Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70808, USA
| | - D. C. Rao
- Division of Biostatistics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri 63110, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri 63110, USA
| | - Nigel W. Rayner
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7BN, UK
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Oxford, Churchill Hospital, Oxford OX3 7LJ, UK
- Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Human Genetics, Hinxton CB10 1HH, UK
| | - Rasmus Ribel-Madsen
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Section of Metabolic Genetics, University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Treva K. Rice
- Division of Biostatistics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri 63110, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri 63110, USA
| | - Marcus Richards
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Oxford, Churchill Hospital, Oxford OX3 7LJ, UK
- MRC Unit for Lifelong Health & Ageing at UCL, London WC1B 5JU, UK
| | - Paul M. Ridker
- Division of Preventive Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, 02115, USA
| | - Fernando Rivadeneira
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, 3015GE Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center, 3015GE Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Kathy A. Ryan
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes & Nutrition, Department of Medicine, Program for Personalized and Genomic Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21201, USA
| | - Serena Sanna
- Istituto di Ricerca Genetica e Biomedica, CNR, 9042 Monserrato, Italy
| | - Mark A. Sarzynski
- Human Genomics Laboratory, Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70808, USA
| | - Salome Scholtens
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, 9700 RB Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Robert A. Scott
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Sylvain Sebert
- Department of Genomics of Common Disease, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London W12 0NN, UK
- Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu FI-90014, Finland
- Center For Life-Course Health Research, University of Oulu, FI-90014 Oulu, Finland
| | - Lorraine Southam
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7BN, UK
- Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Human Genetics, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1SA, UK
| | - Thomas Hempel Sparsø
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Section of Metabolic Genetics, University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | - Kathleen Stirrups
- Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Human Genetics, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1SA, UK
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - Ronald P. Stolk
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, 9700 RB Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Konstantin Strauch
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute of Medical Informatics, Biometry and Epidemiology, Chair of Genetic Epidemiology, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Heather M. Stringham
- Department of Biostatistics, Center for Statistical Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
| | - Morris A. Swertz
- Department of Genetics, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, 9700 RB Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Amy J. Swift
- Medical Genomics and Metabolic Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA
| | - Anke Tönjes
- Department of Medicine, University of Leipzig, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | | | - Peter J. van der Most
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, 9700 RB Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Jana V. Van Vliet-Ostaptchouk
- Department of Endocrinology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, 9700 RB Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Liesbeth Vandenput
- Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, 413 45 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Erkki Vartiainen
- Department of Health, National Institute for Health and Welfare (THL), FI-00271 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Cristina Venturini
- Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, King's College London, London SE1 7EH, UK
- Institute of Ophthalmology, University College London, London EC1V 9EL, UK
| | - Niek Verweij
- Department of Cardiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, 9700 RB Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Jorma S. Viikari
- Department of Medicine, University of Turku, FI-20521 Turku, Finland
- Division of Medicine, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - Veronique Vitart
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, EH4 2XU Edinburgh, Scotland
| | - Marie-Claude Vohl
- Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods, Laval University, Québec, Québec, Canada G1V 0A6
- School of Nutrition, Laval University, Québec, Québec, Canada G1V 0A6
| | - Judith M. Vonk
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, 9700 RB Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Gérard Waeber
- Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital Lausanne (CHUV) and University of Lausanne, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Elisabeth Widén
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland, University of Helsinki, FI-00290 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Gonneke Willemsen
- Department of Biological Psychology, VU University, 1081BT Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Tom Wilsgaard
- Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Tromsø, 9037 Tromsø, Norway
| | - Thomas W. Winkler
- Department of Genetic Epidemiology, Institute of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, University of Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Alan F. Wright
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, EH4 2XU Edinburgh, Scotland
| | - Laura M. Yerges-Armstrong
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes & Nutrition, Department of Medicine, Program for Personalized and Genomic Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21201, USA
| | - Jing Hua Zhao
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - M. Carola Zillikens
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center, 3015GE Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Dorret I. Boomsma
- Department of Biological Psychology, VU University, 1081BT Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Claude Bouchard
- Human Genomics Laboratory, Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70808, USA
| | - John C. Chambers
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Imperial College London, London W2 1PG, UK
- Ealing Hospital NHS Trust, Middlesex UB1 3HW, UK
- Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London W12 0HS, UK
| | - Daniel I. Chasman
- Division of Preventive Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, 02115, USA
| | - Daniele Cusi
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Milano at San Paolo Hospital, 20139 Milano, Italy
- Filarete Foundation, Genomic and Bioinformatics Unit, Milano 20139, Italy
| | - Ron T. Gansevoort
- Department of Medicine, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, 9700 RB Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Christian Gieger
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute of Epidemiology II, Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
- Research Unit of Molecular Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Torben Hansen
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Section of Metabolic Genetics, University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Southern Denmark, 5000 Odense, Denmark
| | - Andrew A. Hicks
- Center for Biomedicine, European Academy Bozen/Bolzano (EURAC), 39100 Bolzano, Italy
- Affiliated Institute of the University of Lübeck, 23562 Lübeck, Germany
| | - Frank Hu
- Department of Medicine, Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
| | - Kristian Hveem
- Department of Public Health and General Practice, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7489 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Marjo-Riitta Jarvelin
- Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu FI-90014, Finland
- Unit of Primary Care, Oulu University Hospital, 90029 OYS Oulu, Finland
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, MRC–PHE Centre for Environment & Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College London W12 0NN, UK
- Faculty of Medicine, Center for Life Course Epidemiology, University of Oulu, P.O.Box 5000, FI-90014 Oulu, Finland
| | - Eero Kajantie
- Department of Health, National Institute for Health and Welfare (THL), FI-00271 Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Chronic Disease Prevention, National Institute for Health and Welfare, FI-00271 Helsinki, Finland
- Children's Hospital, Helsinki University Hospital and University of Helsinki, FI-00029 Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, MRC Oulu, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, FI-90029 Oulu, Finland
| | - Jaspal S. Kooner
- Ealing Hospital NHS Trust, Middlesex UB1 3HW, UK
- Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London W12 0HS, UK
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London W12 0NN, UK
| | - Diana Kuh
- MRC Unit for Lifelong Health & Ageing at UCL, London WC1B 5JU, UK
| | - Johanna Kuusisto
- Department of Medicine, University of Eastern Finland and Kuopio University Hospital, 70210 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Markku Laakso
- Department of Medicine, University of Eastern Finland and Kuopio University Hospital, 70210 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Timo A. Lakka
- Kuopio Research Institute of Exercise Medicine, 70100 Kuopio, Finland
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio Campus, 70210 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Terho Lehtimäki
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, University of Tampere School of Medicine, FI-33014 Tampere, Finland
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Fimlab Laboratories and School of Medicine, University of Tampere, FI-33520 Tampere, Finland
| | - Andres Metspalu
- Estonian Genome Center, University of Tartu, Tartu 51010, Estonia
| | - Inger Njølstad
- Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Tromsø, 9037 Tromsø, Norway
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Tromsø, 9037 Tromsø, Norway
| | - Claes Ohlsson
- Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, 413 45 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Albertine J. Oldehinkel
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Interdisciplinary Center Psychopathology and Emotion Regulation, 9700 RB Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Lyle J. Palmer
- School of Public Health, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia 5005, Australia
- Robinson Research Institute, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia 5005, Australia
| | - Oluf Pedersen
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Section of Metabolic Genetics, University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Markus Perola
- Department of Health, National Institute for Health and Welfare (THL), FI-00271 Helsinki, Finland
- Estonian Genome Center, University of Tartu, Tartu 51010, Estonia
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland, University of Helsinki, FI-00290 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Annette Peters
- Institute of Epidemiology II, Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
- Research Unit of Molecular Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partnersite Munich Heart Alliance, 80802 Munich, Germany
| | - Bruce M. Psaty
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98101, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98101, USA
- Departments of Epidemiology and Health Services, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98101, USA
- Group Health Research Institute, Group Health Cooperative, Seatte, Washington 98101, USA
| | - Hannu Puolijoki
- South Ostrobothnia Central Hospital, Seinäjoki Fi-60220, Finland
| | - Rainer Rauramaa
- Kuopio Research Institute of Exercise Medicine, 70100 Kuopio, Finland
- Department of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine, Kuopio University Hospital, 70211 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Igor Rudan
- Centre for Global Health Research, Usher Institute of Population Health Sciences and Informatics, University of Edinburgh, EH8 9AG Teviot Place, Edinburgh, Scotland
| | - Veikko Salomaa
- Department of Health, National Institute for Health and Welfare (THL), FI-00271 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Peter E. H. Schwarz
- Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus, Department of Medicine III, University of Dresden, 01307 Dresden, Germany
- Paul Langerhans Institute Dresden, German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Dresden 01307, Germany
| | - Alan R. Shudiner
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes & Nutrition, Department of Medicine, Program for Personalized and Genomic Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21201, USA
- Geriatric Research and Education Clinical Center, Vetrans Administration Medical Center, Baltimore, Maryland 21042, USA
| | - Jan H. Smit
- Department of Psychiatry and EMGO Institute for Health and Care Research, VU University Medical Center, AJ Ernstraat 1887, 1081 HL Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Thorkild I. A. Sørensen
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Section of Metabolic Genetics, University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol BS82BN, UK
- Institute of Preventive Medicine, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital, The Capital Region, 2000 Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | - Timothy D. Spector
- Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, King's College London, London SE1 7EH, UK
| | - Kari Stefansson
- deCODE Genetics, Amgen inc., 101 Reykjavik, Iceland
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, 101 Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Michael Stumvoll
- University of Leipzig, IFB Adiposity Diseases, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
- Department of Medicine, University of Leipzig, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Angelo Tremblay
- Department of Kinesiology, Laval University, Québec, Québec, Canada G1V 0A6
| | - Jaakko Tuomilehto
- Diabetes Prevention Unit, National Institute for Health and Welfare, FI-00271 Helsinki, Finland
- Centre for Vascular Prevention, Danube-University Krems, 3500 Krems, Austria
- Diabetes Research Group, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - André G. Uitterlinden
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, 3015GE Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center, 3015GE Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Matti Uusitupa
- Department of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, University of Eastern Finland, 70211 Kuopio, Finland
- Research Unit, Kuopio University Hospital, 70029 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Uwe Völker
- Interfaculty Institute for Genetics and Functional Genomics, University Medicine Greifswald, 17475 Greifswald, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Greifswald, 17475 Greifswald, Germany
| | - Peter Vollenweider
- Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital Lausanne (CHUV) and University of Lausanne, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Nicholas J. Wareham
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Hugh Watkins
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7BN, UK
| | - James F. Wilson
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, EH4 2XU Edinburgh, Scotland
- Centre for Global Health Research, Usher Institute of Population Health Sciences and Informatics, University of Edinburgh, EH8 9AG Teviot Place, Edinburgh, Scotland
| | - Eleftheria Zeggini
- Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Human Genetics, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1SA, UK
| | - Goncalo R. Abecasis
- Department of Biostatistics, Center for Statistical Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
| | - Michael Boehnke
- Department of Biostatistics, Center for Statistical Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
| | - Ingrid B. Borecki
- Division of Statistical Genomics, Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri 63108, USA
| | - Panos Deloukas
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London EC1M 6BQ, UK
- Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Human Genetics, Hinxton CB10 1HH, UK
- Princess Al-Jawhara Al-Brahim Centre of Excellence in Research of Hereditary Disorders (PACER-HD), King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Cornelia M. van Duijn
- Department of Epidemiology, Genetic Epidemiology Unit, Erasmus University Medical Center, 3015GE Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Center for Medical Systems Biology, 2300 Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Caroline Fox
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, the Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, Massachusetts 01702, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, 02115, USA
| | - Leif C. Groop
- Lund University Diabetes Centre and Department of Clinical Science, Diabetes & Endocrinology Unit, Lund University, 221 00 Malmö, Sweden
- Finnish Institute for Molecular Medicine (FIMM), Helsinki University, 00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Iris M. Heid
- Department of Genetic Epidemiology, Institute of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, University of Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg 85764, Germany
| | - David J. Hunter
- Broad Institute of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 2142, USA
- Department of Medicine, Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
| | - Robert C. Kaplan
- Department of Epidemiology and Popualtion Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York 10461, USA
| | - Mark I. McCarthy
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7BN, UK
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Oxford, Churchill Hospital, Oxford OX3 7LJ, UK
- Oxford NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Oxford OX3 7LJ, UK
| | - Kari E. North
- Department of Epidemiology, Carolina Center for Genome Sciences, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-7400, USA
| | - Jeffrey R. O'Connell
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes & Nutrition, Department of Medicine, Program for Personalized and Genomic Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21201, USA
| | - David Schlessinger
- National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA
| | - Unnur Thorsteinsdottir
- deCODE Genetics, Amgen inc., 101 Reykjavik, Iceland
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, 101 Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - David P. Strachan
- Population Health Research Institute, St George's, University of London, London SW17 0RE, UK
| | - Timothy Frayling
- Genetics of Complex Traits, University of Exeter Medical School, University of Exeter, Exeter EX1 2LU, UK
| | - Joel N. Hirschhorn
- Broad Institute of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 2142, USA
- Divisions of Endocrinology and Genetics and Center for Basic and Translational Obesity Research, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
- Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
- Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of Harvard and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, USA
- Division of Endocrinology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
- Divisions of Genetics and Endocrinology and Program in Genomics, Boston's Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
- Metabolism Initiative, Broad Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, USA
| | - Martina Müller-Nurasyid
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute of Medical Informatics, Biometry and Epidemiology, Chair of Genetic Epidemiology, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, 81377 Munich, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partnersite Munich Heart Alliance, 80802 Munich, Germany
- Department of Medicine I, University Hospital Grosshadern, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Ruth J. F. Loos
- The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, The Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York 10029, USA
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK
- The Department of Preventive Medicine, The Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York 10029, USA
- The Genetics of Obesity and Related Metabolic Traits Program, The Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York 10029, USA
- The Mindich Child Health and Development Institute, The Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York 10029, USA
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Lu Y, Day FR, Gustafsson S, Buchkovich ML, Na J, Bataille V, Cousminer DL, Dastani Z, Drong AW, Esko T, Evans DM, Falchi M, Feitosa MF, Ferreira T, Hedman ÅK, Haring R, Hysi PG, Iles MM, Justice AE, Kanoni S, Lagou V, Li R, Li X, Locke A, Lu C, Mägi R, Perry JRB, Pers TH, Qi Q, Sanna M, Schmidt EM, Scott WR, Shungin D, Teumer A, Vinkhuyzen AAE, Walker RW, Westra HJ, Zhang M, Zhang W, Zhao JH, Zhu Z, Afzal U, Ahluwalia TS, Bakker SJL, Bellis C, Bonnefond A, Borodulin K, Buchman AS, Cederholm T, Choh AC, Choi HJ, Curran JE, de Groot LCPGM, De Jager PL, Dhonukshe-Rutten RAM, Enneman AW, Eury E, Evans DS, Forsen T, Friedrich N, Fumeron F, Garcia ME, Gärtner S, Han BG, Havulinna AS, Hayward C, Hernandez D, Hillege H, Ittermann T, Kent JW, Kolcic I, Laatikainen T, Lahti J, Leach IM, Lee CG, Lee JY, Liu T, Liu Y, Lobbens S, Loh M, Lyytikäinen LP, Medina-Gomez C, Michaëlsson K, Nalls MA, Nielson CM, Oozageer L, Pascoe L, Paternoster L, Polašek O, Ripatti S, Sarzynski MA, Shin CS, Narančić NS, Spira D, Srikanth P, Steinhagen-Thiessen E, Sung YJ, Swart KMA, Taittonen L, Tanaka T, Tikkanen E, van der Velde N, van Schoor NM, Verweij N, Wright AF, Yu L, Zmuda JM, Eklund N, Forrester T, Grarup N, Jackson AU, Kristiansson K, Kuulasmaa T, Kuusisto J, Lichtner P, Luan J, Mahajan A, Männistö S, Palmer CD, Ried JS, Scott RA, Stancáková A, Wagner PJ, Demirkan A, Döring A, Gudnason V, Kiel DP, Kühnel B, Mangino M, Mcknight B, Menni C, O'Connell JR, Oostra BA, Shuldiner AR, Song K, Vandenput L, van Duijn CM, Vollenweider P, White CC, Boehnke M, Boettcher Y, Cooper RS, Forouhi NG, Gieger C, Grallert H, Hingorani A, Jørgensen T, Jousilahti P, Kivimaki M, Kumari M, Laakso M, Langenberg C, Linneberg A, Luke A, Mckenzie CA, Palotie A, Pedersen O, Peters A, Strauch K, Tayo BO, Wareham NJ, Bennett DA, Bertram L, Blangero J, Blüher M, Bouchard C, Campbell H, Cho NH, Cummings SR, Czerwinski SA, Demuth I, Eckardt R, Eriksson JG, Ferrucci L, Franco OH, Froguel P, Gansevoort RT, Hansen T, Harris TB, Hastie N, Heliövaara M, Hofman A, Jordan JM, Jula A, Kähönen M, Kajantie E, Knekt PB, Koskinen S, Kovacs P, Lehtimäki T, Lind L, Liu Y, Orwoll ES, Osmond C, Perola M, Pérusse L, Raitakari OT, Rankinen T, Rao DC, Rice TK, Rivadeneira F, Rudan I, Salomaa V, Sørensen TIA, Stumvoll M, Tönjes A, Towne B, Tranah GJ, Tremblay A, Uitterlinden AG, van der Harst P, Vartiainen E, Viikari JS, Vitart V, Vohl MC, Völzke H, Walker M, Wallaschofski H, Wild S, Wilson JF, Yengo L, Bishop DT, Borecki IB, Chambers JC, Cupples LA, Dehghan A, Deloukas P, Fatemifar G, Fox C, Furey TS, Franke L, Han J, Hunter DJ, Karjalainen J, Karpe F, Kaplan RC, Kooner JS, McCarthy MI, Murabito JM, Morris AP, Bishop JAN, North KE, Ohlsson C, Ong KK, Prokopenko I, Richards JB, Schadt EE, Spector TD, Widén E, Willer CJ, Yang J, Ingelsson E, Mohlke KL, Hirschhorn JN, Pospisilik JA, Zillikens MC, Lindgren C, Kilpeläinen TO, Loos RJF. New loci for body fat percentage reveal link between adiposity and cardiometabolic disease risk. Nat Commun 2016; 7:10495. [PMID: 26833246 PMCID: PMC4740398 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms10495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 191] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2015] [Accepted: 12/16/2015] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
To increase our understanding of the genetic basis of adiposity and its links to cardiometabolic disease risk, we conducted a genome-wide association meta-analysis of body fat percentage (BF%) in up to 100,716 individuals. Twelve loci reached genome-wide significance (P<5 × 10(-8)), of which eight were previously associated with increased overall adiposity (BMI, BF%) and four (in or near COBLL1/GRB14, IGF2BP1, PLA2G6, CRTC1) were novel associations with BF%. Seven loci showed a larger effect on BF% than on BMI, suggestive of a primary association with adiposity, while five loci showed larger effects on BMI than on BF%, suggesting association with both fat and lean mass. In particular, the loci more strongly associated with BF% showed distinct cross-phenotype association signatures with a range of cardiometabolic traits revealing new insights in the link between adiposity and disease risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingchang Lu
- The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, The
Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New
York
10029, USA
- The Department of Preventive Medicine, The Icahn School of
Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
10029, USA
| | - Felix R. Day
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge School of
Clinical Medicine, Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge,
Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge
CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Stefan Gustafsson
- Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, 750
85
Uppsala, Sweden
- Department of Medical Sciences, Molecular Epidemiology, Uppsala
University, 751 85
Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Martin L. Buchkovich
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina,
Chapel Hill, North Carolina
27599, USA
| | - Jianbo Na
- Department of Developmental and Regenerative Biology, The Icahn
School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
10029, USA
| | - Veronique Bataille
- West Herts NHS Trust, Herts
HP2 4AD, UK
- Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology,
King's College London, London
SE1 7EH, UK
| | - Diana L. Cousminer
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland, University of
Helsinki, FI-00290
Helsinki, Finland
| | - Zari Dastani
- Department Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Human Genetics, Lady
Davis Institute, Jewish General Hospital, McGill University,
Montréal, Quebec, Canada
H3T1E2
| | - Alexander W. Drong
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of
Oxford, Oxford
OX3 7BN, UK
| | - Tõnu Esko
- Estonian Genome Center, Univeristy of Tartu,
Tartu, 51010, Estonia
- Broad Institute of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology
and Harvard University, Cambridge
2142, USA
- Divisions of Endocrinology and Genetics and Center for Basic
and Translational Obesity Research, Boston Children's Hospital,
Boston, Massachusetts
02115, USA
- Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School,
Boston, Massachusetts
02115, USA
| | - David M. Evans
- University of Queensland Diamantina Institute, Translational
Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland
4102, Australia
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, School of Social and
Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol
BS82BN, UKnited
| | - Mario Falchi
- Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology,
King's College London, London
SE1 7EH, UK
- Department of Genomics of Common Disease, School of Public
Health, Imperial College London, London
W12 0NN, UK
| | - Mary F. Feitosa
- Division of Statistical Genomics, Department of Genetics,
Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis,
Missouri
63108, USA
| | - Teresa Ferreira
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of
Oxford, Oxford
OX3 7BN, UK
| | - Åsa K. Hedman
- Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, 750
85
Uppsala, Sweden
- Department of Medical Sciences, Molecular Epidemiology, Uppsala
University, 751 85
Uppsala, Sweden
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of
Oxford, Oxford
OX3 7BN, UK
| | - Robin Haring
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine,
University Medicine Greifswald, 17475
Greifswald, Germany
- European University of Applied Sciences, Faculty of Applied
Public Health, 18055
Rostock, Germany
| | - Pirro G. Hysi
- Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology,
King's College London, London
SE1 7EH, UK
| | - Mark M. Iles
- Leeds Institute of Cancer and Pathology, Cancer Research UK
Leeds Centre, University of Leeds, Leeds
LS9 7TF, UK
| | - Anne E. Justice
- Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina at
Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
27599, USA
| | - Stavroula Kanoni
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School
of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London,
London
EC1M 6BQ, UK
- Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Human Genetics,
Hinxton, Cambridge
CB10 1SA, UK
| | - Vasiliki Lagou
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of
Oxford, Oxford
OX3 7BN, UK
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism,
University of Oxford, Churchill Hospital, Oxford
OX3 7LJ, UK
| | - Rui Li
- Department Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Human Genetics, Lady
Davis Institute, Jewish General Hospital, McGill University,
Montréal, Quebec, Canada
H3T1E2
| | - Xin Li
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public
Health, Boston, Massachusetts
02115, USA
| | - Adam Locke
- Center for Statistical Genetics, Department of Biostatistics,
University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
48109, USA
| | - Chen Lu
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public
Health, Boston, Massachusetts
02118, USA
| | - Reedik Mägi
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of
Oxford, Oxford
OX3 7BN, UK
- Estonian Genome Center, Univeristy of Tartu,
Tartu, 51010, Estonia
| | - John R. B. Perry
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge School of
Clinical Medicine, Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge,
Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge
CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Tune H. Pers
- Divisions of Endocrinology and Genetics and Center for Basic
and Translational Obesity Research, Boston Children's Hospital,
Boston, Massachusetts
02115, USA
- Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School,
Boston, Massachusetts
02115, USA
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research,
Section of Metabolic Genetics, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences,
University of Copenhagen, 2100
Copenhagen, Denmark
- Medical and Population Genetics Program, Broad Institute of MIT
and Harvard, Cambridge
02142, USA
- Department of Epidemiology Research, Statens Serum
Institut, 2100
Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Qibin Qi
- Department of Epidemiology and Popualtion Health, Albert
Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York
10461, USA
| | - Marianna Sanna
- Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology,
King's College London, London
SE1 7EH, UK
- Department of Genomics of Common Disease, School of Public
Health, Imperial College London, London
W12 0NN, UK
| | - Ellen M. Schmidt
- Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics,
University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
48109, USA
| | - William R. Scott
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Imperial College
London, London
W2 1PG, UK
- Ealing Hospital NHS Trust, Middlesex
UB1 3HW, UK
| | - Dmitry Shungin
- Lund University Diabetes Centre, Department of Clinical
Science, Genetic and Molecular Epidemiology Unit, Skåne University
Hosptial, 205 02
Malmö, Sweden
- Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Unit of
Medicine, Umeå University, 901 87
Umeå, Sweden
- Department of Odontology, Umeå University,
901 85
Umeå, Sweden
| | - Alexander Teumer
- Institute for Community Medicine, University Medicine
Greifswald, 17475
Greifswald, Germany
- Interfaculty Institute for Genetics and Functional Genomics,
University Medicine Greifswald, 17475
Greifswald, Germany
| | | | - Ryan W. Walker
- The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, The
Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New
York
10029, USA
- The Department of Preventive Medicine, The Icahn School of
Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
10029, USA
| | - Harm-Jan Westra
- Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of
Harvard and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge,
Massachusetts
02142, USA
- Divisions of Genetics and Rheumatology, Department of Medicine,
Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School,
Boston, Massachusetts
02446, USA
- Partners Center for Personalized Genetic Medicine,
Boston, Massachusetts
02446, USA
| | - Mingfeng Zhang
- Department of Dermatology, Brigham and Women's
Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
02115, USA
| | - Weihua Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Imperial College
London, London
W2 1PG, UK
- Ealing Hospital NHS Trust, Middlesex
UB1 3HW, UK
| | - Jing Hua Zhao
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge School of
Clinical Medicine, Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge,
Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge
CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Zhihong Zhu
- Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland,
Brisbane
4072, Australia
| | - Uzma Afzal
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Imperial College
London, London
W2 1PG, UK
- Ealing Hospital NHS Trust, Middlesex
UB1 3HW, UK
| | - Tarunveer Singh Ahluwalia
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research,
Section of Metabolic Genetics, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences,
University of Copenhagen, 2100
Copenhagen, Denmark
- Copenhagen Prospective Studies on Asthma in Childhood, Faculty
of Health and Medical Sceinces, University of Copenhagen, 2200
Copenhagen, Denmark
- Danish Pediatric Asthma Center, Gentofte Hospital, The Capital
Region, 2200
Copenhagen, Denmark
- Steno Diabetes Center A/S, DK-2820
Gentofte, Denmark
| | - Stephan J. L. Bakker
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen,
Department of Medicine, 9700 RB
Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Claire Bellis
- Department of Genetics, Texas Biomedical Research
Institute, San Antonio, Texas
78245, USA
| | - Amélie Bonnefond
- CNRS UMR 8199, F-59019
Lille, France
- European Genomic Institute for Diabetes, 59000
Lille, France
- Université de Lille 2, 59000
Lille, France
| | - Katja Borodulin
- National Institute for Health and Welfare,
FI-00271
Helsinki, Finland
| | - Aron S. Buchman
- Rush Alzheimer's Disease Center, Rush University
Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois
60612, USA
| | - Tommy Cederholm
- Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Clinical
Nutrition and Metabolism, Uppsala University, 751 85
Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Audrey C. Choh
- Lifespan Health Research Center, Wright State University
Boonshoft School of Medicine, Dayton, Ohio
45420, USA
| | - Hyung Jin Choi
- Department of Anatomy, Seoul National University College of
Medicine, Seoul
03080, Korea
| | - Joanne E. Curran
- South Texas Diabetes and Obesity Institute, University of Texas
Rio Grande Valley, Brownsville, Texas
78520
| | | | - Philip L. De Jager
- Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of
Harvard and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge,
Massachusetts
02142, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston,
Massachusetts
02115, USA
- Program in Translational NeuroPsychiatric Genomics, Department
of Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston,
Massachusetts
02115, USA
| | | | - Anke W. Enneman
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center,
3015GE
Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Elodie Eury
- CNRS UMR 8199, F-59019
Lille, France
- European Genomic Institute for Diabetes, 59000
Lille, France
- Université de Lille 2, 59000
Lille, France
| | - Daniel S. Evans
- California Pacific Medical Center Research Institute,
San Francisco, California
94107, USA
| | - Tom Forsen
- Department of General Practice and Primary Health Care,
University of Helsinki, FI-00014
Helsinki, Finland
| | - Nele Friedrich
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine,
University Medicine Greifswald, 17475
Greifswald, Germany
| | - Frédéric Fumeron
- INSERM, UMR_S 1138, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers,
F-75006
Paris, France
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, UMR_S
1138, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, F-75006
Paris, France
- Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris
Cité, UMR_S 1138, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers,
F-75006
Paris, France
- Univ Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, UMR_S 1138,
Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, F-75006
Paris, France
| | - Melissa E. Garcia
- Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, National
Institute on Aging, Bethesda, Maryland
20892, USA
| | - Simone Gärtner
- Department of Medicine A, University Medicine Greifswald,
17475
Greifswald, Germany
| | - Bok-Ghee Han
- Center for Genome Science, National Institute of Health, Osong
Health Technology Administration Complex, Chungcheongbuk-do
370914, Korea
| | - Aki S. Havulinna
- National Institute for Health and Welfare,
FI-00271
Helsinki, Finland
| | - Caroline Hayward
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Molecular
Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh
EH4 2XU, UK
| | - Dena Hernandez
- Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute on Aging,
National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
20892, USA
| | - Hans Hillege
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen,
Department of Cardiology, 9700 RB
Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Till Ittermann
- Institute for Community Medicine, University Medicine
Greifswald, 17475
Greifswald, Germany
| | - Jack W. Kent
- Department of Genetics, Texas Biomedical Research
Institute, San Antonio, Texas
78245, USA
| | - Ivana Kolcic
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of
Split, Split
21000, Croatia
| | - Tiina Laatikainen
- National Institute for Health and Welfare,
FI-00271
Helsinki, Finland
- Hospital District of North Karelia, FI-80210
Joensuu, Finland
- Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, University
of Eastern Finland, FI-70211
Kuopio, Finland
| | - Jari Lahti
- Folkhälsan Research Centre, FI-00290
Helsinki, Finland
- Institute of Behavioural Sciences, University of
Helsinki, FI-00014
Helsinki, Finland
| | - Irene Mateo Leach
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen,
Department of Cardiology, 9700 RB
Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Christine G. Lee
- Department of Medicine, Oregon Health and Science
University, Portland, Oregon
97239, USA
- Research Service, Veterans Affairs Medical Center,
Portland, Oregon
97239, USA
| | - Jong-Young Lee
- Center for Genome Science, National Institute of Health, Osong
Health Technology Administration Complex, Chungcheongbuk-do
370914, Korea
| | - Tian Liu
- Max Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics, Department of
Vertebrate Genomics, 14195
Berlin, Germany
- Max Planck Institute for Human Development,
14194
Berlin, Germany
| | - Youfang Liu
- Thurston Arthritis Research Center, University of North
Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chaper Hill, North Carolina
27599-7280, USA
| | - Stéphane Lobbens
- CNRS UMR 8199, F-59019
Lille, France
- European Genomic Institute for Diabetes, 59000
Lille, France
- Université de Lille 2, 59000
Lille, France
| | - Marie Loh
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Imperial College
London, London
W2 1PG, UK
- Translational Laboratory in Genetic Medicine (TLGM), Agency for
Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 8A Biomedical
Grove, Immunos, Level 5, Singapore
138648, Singapore
| | - Leo-Pekka Lyytikäinen
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, University of Tampere School
of Medicine, FI-33014
Tampere, Finland
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Fimlab Laboratories and
School of Medicine, University of Tampere, FI-33520
Tampere, Finland
| | - Carolina Medina-Gomez
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center,
3015GE
Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Netherlands Genomics Initiative (NGI)-sponsored Netherlands
Consortium for Healthy Aging (NCHA), Rotterdam
The Netherlands
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center,
3015GE
Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Karl Michaëlsson
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Orthopedics, Uppsala
University, 751 85
Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Mike A. Nalls
- Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute on Aging,
National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
20892, USA
| | - Carrie M. Nielson
- School of Public Health, Oregon Health & Science
University, Portland, Oregon
97239, USA
- Bone & Mineral Unit, Oregon Health & Science
University, Portland, Oregon
97239, USA
| | | | - Laura Pascoe
- Institute of Cell & Molecular Biosciences, Newcastle
University, Newcastle
NE1 7RU, UK
| | - Lavinia Paternoster
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, School of Social and
Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol
BS82BN, UKnited
| | - Ozren Polašek
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of
Split, Split
21000, Croatia
- Centre for Global Health Research, Usher Institute of
Population Health Sciences and Informatics, University of Edinburgh, Teviot
Place, Edinburgh
EH8 9AG, UK
| | - Samuli Ripatti
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland, University of
Helsinki, FI-00290
Helsinki, Finland
- Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Human Genetics,
Hinxton, Cambridge
CB10 1SA, UK
- Hjelt Institute, University of Helsinki,
FI-00014
Helsinki, Finland
| | - Mark A. Sarzynski
- Human Genomics Laboratory, Pennington Biomedical Research
Center, Baton Rouge, Los Angeles
70808, USA
| | - Chan Soo Shin
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University
College of Medicine, Seoul
03080, Korea
| | | | - Dominik Spira
- The Berlin Aging Study II; Research Group on Geriatrics;
Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin,
13347
Berlin, Germany
- Lipid Clinic at the Interdisciplinary Metabolism Center,
Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 13353
Berlin, Germany
| | - Priya Srikanth
- School of Public Health, Oregon Health & Science
University, Portland, Oregon
97239, USA
- Bone & Mineral Unit, Oregon Health & Science
University, Portland, Oregon
97239, USA
| | - Elisabeth Steinhagen-Thiessen
- The Berlin Aging Study II; Research Group on Geriatrics;
Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin,
13347
Berlin, Germany
- Lipid Clinic at the Interdisciplinary Metabolism Center,
Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 13353
Berlin, Germany
| | - Yun Ju Sung
- Division of Biostatistics, Washington University School of
Medicine, St Louis, Missouri
63110, USA
| | - Karin M. A. Swart
- EMGO Institute for Health and Care Research, VU University
Medical Center, 1081 BT
Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- VUMC, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics,
1081 BT
Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Leena Taittonen
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Oulu,
FI-90014
Oulu, Finland
- Department of Pediatrics, Vaasa Central Hospital,
FI-65100
Vaasa, Finland
| | - Toshiko Tanaka
- Translational Gerontology Branch, National Institute on
Aging, Baltimore, Maryland
21225, USA
| | - Emmi Tikkanen
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland, University of
Helsinki, FI-00290
Helsinki, Finland
- Hjelt Institute, University of Helsinki,
FI-00014
Helsinki, Finland
| | - Nathalie van der Velde
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center,
3015GE
Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Natasja M. van Schoor
- EMGO Institute for Health and Care Research, VU University
Medical Center, 1081 BT
Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- VUMC, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics,
1081 BT
Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Niek Verweij
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen,
Department of Cardiology, 9700 RB
Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Alan F. Wright
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Molecular
Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh
EH4 2XU, UK
| | - Lei Yu
- Rush Alzheimer's Disease Center, Rush University
Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois
60612, USA
| | - Joseph M. Zmuda
- Department of Epidemiology; University of Pittsburgh,
Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
15261, USA
| | - Niina Eklund
- National Institute for Health and Welfare,
FI-00271
Helsinki, Finland
| | - Terrence Forrester
- Tropical Metabolism Research Unit, Tropical Medicine Research
Institute, University of the West Indies, Mona
JMAAW15, Jamaica
| | - Niels Grarup
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research,
Section of Metabolic Genetics, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences,
University of Copenhagen, 2100
Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Anne U. Jackson
- Center for Statistical Genetics, Department of Biostatistics,
University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
48109, USA
| | - Kati Kristiansson
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland, University of
Helsinki, FI-00290
Helsinki, Finland
- National Institute for Health and Welfare,
FI-00271
Helsinki, Finland
| | - Teemu Kuulasmaa
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Institute of Clinical Medicine,
Internal Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, 70210
Kuopio, Finland
| | - Johanna Kuusisto
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Institute of Clinical Medicine,
Internal Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, 70210
Kuopio, Finland
- Department of Medicine, University of Eastern Finland,
70210
Kuopio, Finland
- Kuopio University Hospital, 70029
Kuopio, Finland
| | - Peter Lichtner
- Institute of Human Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum
München—German Research Center for Environmental
Health, 85764
Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Jian'an Luan
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge School of
Clinical Medicine, Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge,
Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge
CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Anubha Mahajan
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of
Oxford, Oxford
OX3 7BN, UK
| | - Satu Männistö
- National Institute for Health and Welfare,
FI-00271
Helsinki, Finland
| | - Cameron D. Palmer
- Broad Institute of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology
and Harvard University, Cambridge
2142, USA
- Divisions of Endocrinology and Genetics and Center for Basic
and Translational Obesity Research, Boston Children's Hospital,
Boston, Massachusetts
02115, USA
| | - Janina S. Ried
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum
München—German Research Center for Environmental
Health, 85764
Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Robert A. Scott
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge School of
Clinical Medicine, Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge,
Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge
CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Alena Stancáková
- Department of Medicine, University of Eastern Finland and
Kuopio University Hospital, 70210
Kuopio, Finland
| | - Peter J. Wagner
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland, University of
Helsinki, FI-00290
Helsinki, Finland
- National Institute for Health and Welfare,
FI-00271
Helsinki, Finland
| | - Ayse Demirkan
- Genetic Epidemiology Unit, Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus
University Medical Center, 3015GE
Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Angela Döring
- Institute of Epidemiology I, Helmholtz Zentrum
München—German Research Center for Environmental
Health, 85764
Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute of Epidemiology II, Helmholtz Zentrum
München—German Research Center for Environmental
Health, 85764
Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Vilmundur Gudnason
- Icelandic Heart Association, Kopavogur
201, Iceland
- University of Iceland, Faculty of Medicine,
Reykjavik
101, Iceland
| | - Douglas P. Kiel
- Department of Medicine Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center
and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
02115
- Institute for Aging Research Hebrew Senior Life,
Boston, Massachusetts
02131, USA
| | - Brigitte Kühnel
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum
München—German Research Center for Environmental
Health, 85764
Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute of Epidemiology II, Helmholtz Zentrum
München—German Research Center for Environmental
Health, 85764
Neuherberg, Germany
- Research Unit of Molecular Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum
München—German Research Center for Environmental
Health, 85764
Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Massimo Mangino
- Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology,
King's College London, London
SE1 7EH, UK
| | - Barbara Mcknight
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, University of
Washington, Seattle, Washington
98101, USA
- Program in Biostatistics and Biomathematics, Divison of Public
Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center,
Seattle, Washington
98109, USA
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington,
Seattle, Washington
98195, USA
| | - Cristina Menni
- Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology,
King's College London, London
SE1 7EH, UK
| | - Jeffrey R. O'Connell
- Program for Personalized and Genomic Medicine, Division of
Endocrinology, Diabetes and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, University of
Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
21201, USA
| | - Ben A. Oostra
- Genetic Epidemiology Unit, Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus
University Medical Center, 3015GE
Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Alan R. Shuldiner
- Program for Personalized and Genomic Medicine, Division of
Endocrinology, Diabetes and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, University of
Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
21201, USA
- Geriatric Research and Education Clinical Center, Vetrans
Administration Medical Center, Baltimore, Maryland
21042, USA
| | - Kijoung Song
- Genetics, Projects Clinical Platforms and Sciences,
GlaxoSmithKline, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
19112, USA
| | - Liesbeth Vandenput
- Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research, Department of Internal
Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy,
University of Gothenburg, 413 45
Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Cornelia M. van Duijn
- Netherlands Genomics Initiative (NGI)-sponsored Netherlands
Consortium for Healthy Aging (NCHA), Rotterdam
The Netherlands
- Genetic Epidemiology Unit, Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus
University Medical Center, 3015GE
Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Center for Medical Systems Biology, 2300
Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Peter Vollenweider
- Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital Lausanne
(CHUV) and University of Lausanne, 1011
Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Charles C. White
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public
Health, Boston, Massachusetts
02118, USA
| | - Michael Boehnke
- Center for Statistical Genetics, Department of Biostatistics,
University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
48109, USA
| | - Yvonne Boettcher
- University of Leipzig, IFB Adiposity Diseases,
04103
Leipzig, Germany
- University of Leipzig, Department of Medicine,
04103
Leipzig, Germany
| | - Richard S. Cooper
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Stritch School of
Medicine, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, Illinois
61053, USA
| | - Nita G. Forouhi
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge School of
Clinical Medicine, Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge,
Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge
CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Christian Gieger
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum
München—German Research Center for Environmental
Health, 85764
Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute of Epidemiology II, Helmholtz Zentrum
München—German Research Center for Environmental
Health, 85764
Neuherberg, Germany
- Research Unit of Molecular Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum
München—German Research Center for Environmental
Health, 85764
Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Harald Grallert
- Institute of Epidemiology II, Helmholtz Zentrum
München—German Research Center for Environmental
Health, 85764
Neuherberg, Germany
- Research Unit of Molecular Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum
München—German Research Center for Environmental
Health, 85764
Neuherberg, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD),
85764
Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Aroon Hingorani
- Institute of Cardiovascular Science, University College
London, London
WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Torben Jørgensen
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical
Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2200
Copenhagen, Denmark
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Aalborg,
9220
Aalborg, Denmark
- Research Centre for Prevention and Health,
DK2600
Capital Region of Denmark, Denmark
| | - Pekka Jousilahti
- National Institute for Health and Welfare,
FI-00271
Helsinki, Finland
| | - Mika Kivimaki
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, UCL,
London
WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Meena Kumari
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, UCL,
London
WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Markku Laakso
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Institute of Clinical Medicine,
Internal Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, 70210
Kuopio, Finland
- Department of Medicine, University of Eastern Finland,
70210
Kuopio, Finland
- Kuopio University Hospital, 70029
Kuopio, Finland
| | - Claudia Langenberg
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge School of
Clinical Medicine, Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge,
Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge
CB2 0QQ, UK
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, UCL,
London
WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Allan Linneberg
- Research Centre for Prevention and Health, Glostrup
Hospital, 2600
Glostrup, Denmark
| | - Amy Luke
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Stritch School of
Medicine, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, Illinois
61053, USA
| | - Colin A. Mckenzie
- Tropical Metabolism Research Unit, Tropical Medicine Research
Institute, University of the West Indies, Mona
JMAAW15, Jamaica
| | - Aarno Palotie
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland, University of
Helsinki, FI-00290
Helsinki, Finland
- Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Human Genetics,
Hinxton, Cambridge
CB10 1SA, UK
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Center for Human Genetic
Research, Psychiatric and Neurodevelopmental Genetics Unit,
Boston, Massachusetts
02114, USA
| | - Oluf Pedersen
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research,
Section of Metabolic Genetics, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences,
University of Copenhagen, 2100
Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Annette Peters
- Institute of Epidemiology II, Helmholtz Zentrum
München—German Research Center for Environmental
Health, 85764
Neuherberg, Germany
- Research Unit of Molecular Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum
München—German Research Center for Environmental
Health, 85764
Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Konstantin Strauch
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum
München—German Research Center for Environmental
Health, 85764
Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute of Medical Informatics, Biometry and Epidemiology,
Chair of Genetic Epidemiology, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität,
81377
Munich, Germany
| | - Bamidele O. Tayo
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Stritch School of
Medicine, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, Illinois
61053, USA
| | - Nicholas J. Wareham
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge School of
Clinical Medicine, Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge,
Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge
CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - David A. Bennett
- Rush Alzheimer's Disease Center, Rush University
Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois
60612, USA
| | - Lars Bertram
- School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College
London, London
W6 8RP, UK
- Lübeck Interdisciplinary Platform for Genome
Analytics, Institutes of Neurogenetics and Integrative and Experimental
Genomics, University of Lübeck, 23562
Lübeck, Germany
| | - John Blangero
- South Texas Diabetes and Obesity Institute, University of Texas
Rio Grande Valley, Brownsville, Texas
78520
| | - Matthias Blüher
- University of Leipzig, IFB Adiposity Diseases,
04103
Leipzig, Germany
- University of Leipzig, Department of Medicine,
04103
Leipzig, Germany
| | - Claude Bouchard
- Human Genomics Laboratory, Pennington Biomedical Research
Center, Baton Rouge, Los Angeles
70808, USA
| | - Harry Campbell
- Centre for Global Health Research, Usher Institute of
Population Health Sciences and Informatics, University of Edinburgh, Teviot
Place, Edinburgh
EH8 9AG, UK
| | - Nam H. Cho
- Ajou University School of Medicine, Department of Preventive
Medicine, Suwon Kyoung-gi
443-721, Korea
| | - Steven R. Cummings
- California Pacific Medical Center Research Institute,
San Francisco, California
94107, USA
| | - Stefan A. Czerwinski
- Lifespan Health Research Center, Wright State University
Boonshoft School of Medicine, Dayton, Ohio
45420, USA
| | - Ilja Demuth
- The Berlin Aging Study II; Research Group on Geriatrics;
Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin,
13347
Berlin, Germany
- Institute of Medical and Human Genetics,
Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin,
13353
Berlin, Germany
| | - Rahel Eckardt
- The Berlin Aging Study II; Research Group on Geriatrics;
Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin,
13347
Berlin, Germany
| | - Johan G. Eriksson
- National Institute for Health and Welfare,
FI-00271
Helsinki, Finland
- Department of General Practice and Primary Health Care,
University of Helsinki, FI-00014
Helsinki, Finland
- Folkhälsan Research Centre, FI-00290
Helsinki, Finland
| | - Luigi Ferrucci
- Translational Gerontology Branch, National Institute on
Aging, Baltimore, Maryland
21225, USA
| | - Oscar H. Franco
- Netherlands Genomics Initiative (NGI)-sponsored Netherlands
Consortium for Healthy Aging (NCHA), Rotterdam
The Netherlands
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center,
3015GE
Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Philippe Froguel
- CNRS UMR 8199, F-59019
Lille, France
- European Genomic Institute for Diabetes, 59000
Lille, France
- Université de Lille 2, 59000
Lille, France
| | - Ron T. Gansevoort
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen,
Department of Medicine, 9700 RB
Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Torben Hansen
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research,
Section of Metabolic Genetics, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences,
University of Copenhagen, 2100
Copenhagen, Denmark
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Southern
Denmark, 5000
Odense, Denmark
| | - Tamara B. Harris
- Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, National
Institute on Aging, Bethesda, Maryland
20892, USA
| | - Nicholas Hastie
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Molecular
Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh
EH4 2XU, UK
| | - Markku Heliövaara
- National Institute for Health and Welfare,
FI-00271
Helsinki, Finland
| | - Albert Hofman
- Netherlands Genomics Initiative (NGI)-sponsored Netherlands
Consortium for Healthy Aging (NCHA), Rotterdam
The Netherlands
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center,
3015GE
Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Joanne M. Jordan
- Thurston Arthritis Research Center, University of North
Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chaper Hill, North Carolina
27599-7280, USA
| | - Antti Jula
- National Institute for Health and Welfare,
FI-00271
Helsinki, Finland
| | - Mika Kähönen
- Department of Clinical Physiology, Tampere University
Hospital, FI-33521
Tampere, Finland
- Department of Clinical Physiology, University of Tampere
School of Medicine, FI-33014
Tampere, Finland
| | - Eero Kajantie
- National Institute for Health and Welfare,
FI-00271
Helsinki, Finland
- Children's Hospital, Helsinki University Hospital and
University of Helsinki, FI-00029
Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, MRC Oulu, Oulu
University Hospital and University of Oulu, FI-90029
Oulu, Finland
| | - Paul B. Knekt
- National Institute for Health and Welfare,
FI-00271
Helsinki, Finland
| | - Seppo Koskinen
- National Institute for Health and Welfare,
FI-00271
Helsinki, Finland
| | - Peter Kovacs
- University of Leipzig, IFB Adiposity Diseases,
04103
Leipzig, Germany
| | - Terho Lehtimäki
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, University of Tampere School
of Medicine, FI-33014
Tampere, Finland
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Fimlab Laboratories and
School of Medicine, University of Tampere, FI-33520
Tampere, Finland
| | - Lars Lind
- Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University,
751 85
Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Yongmei Liu
- Center for Human Genetics, Division of Public Health Sciences,
Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North
Carolina
27157, USA
| | - Eric S. Orwoll
- Bone & Mineral Unit, Oregon Health & Science
University, Portland, Oregon
97239, USA
| | - Clive Osmond
- MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology Unit, University of Southampton,
Southampton General Hospital, Southampton
SO16 6YD, UK
| | - Markus Perola
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland, University of
Helsinki, FI-00290
Helsinki, Finland
- Estonian Genome Center, Univeristy of Tartu,
Tartu, 51010, Estonia
- National Institute for Health and Welfare,
FI-00271
Helsinki, Finland
| | - Louis Pérusse
- Department of Kinesiology, Laval University,
Québec City, Quebec, Canada
G1V 0A6
- Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods, Laval
University, Québec City, Quebec,
Canada
G1V 0A6
| | - Olli T. Raitakari
- Department of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine, Turku
University Hospital, FI-20521
Turku, Finland
- Research Centre of Applied and Preventive Cardiovascular
Medicine, University of Turku, FI-20520
Turku, Finland
| | - Tuomo Rankinen
- Human Genomics Laboratory, Pennington Biomedical Research
Center, Baton Rouge, Los Angeles
70808, USA
| | - D. C. Rao
- Division of Statistical Genomics, Department of Genetics,
Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis,
Missouri
63108, USA
- Division of Biostatistics, Washington University School of
Medicine, St Louis, Missouri
63110, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of
Medicine, St Louis, Missouri
63110, USA
| | - Treva K. Rice
- Division of Biostatistics, Washington University School of
Medicine, St Louis, Missouri
63110, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of
Medicine, St Louis, Missouri
63110, USA
| | - Fernando Rivadeneira
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center,
3015GE
Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Netherlands Genomics Initiative (NGI)-sponsored Netherlands
Consortium for Healthy Aging (NCHA), Rotterdam
The Netherlands
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center,
3015GE
Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Igor Rudan
- Centre for Global Health Research, Usher Institute of
Population Health Sciences and Informatics, University of Edinburgh, Teviot
Place, Edinburgh
EH8 9AG, UK
| | - Veikko Salomaa
- National Institute for Health and Welfare,
FI-00271
Helsinki, Finland
| | - Thorkild I. A. Sørensen
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, School of Social and
Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol
BS82BN, UKnited
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research,
Section of Metabolic Genetics, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences,
University of Copenhagen, 2100
Copenhagen, Denmark
- Institute of Preventive Medicine, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg
Hospital, The Capital Region, 2000
Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | - Michael Stumvoll
- University of Leipzig, IFB Adiposity Diseases,
04103
Leipzig, Germany
- University of Leipzig, Department of Medicine,
04103
Leipzig, Germany
| | - Anke Tönjes
- University of Leipzig, Department of Medicine,
04103
Leipzig, Germany
| | - Bradford Towne
- Lifespan Health Research Center, Wright State University
Boonshoft School of Medicine, Dayton, Ohio
45420, USA
| | - Gregory J. Tranah
- California Pacific Medical Center Research Institute,
San Francisco, California
94107, USA
| | - Angelo Tremblay
- Department of Kinesiology, Laval University,
Québec City, Quebec, Canada
G1V 0A6
| | - André G. Uitterlinden
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center,
3015GE
Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Netherlands Genomics Initiative (NGI)-sponsored Netherlands
Consortium for Healthy Aging (NCHA), Rotterdam
The Netherlands
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center,
3015GE
Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Pim van der Harst
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen,
Department of Cardiology, 9700 RB
Groningen, The Netherlands
- Durrer Center for Cardiogenetic Research, Interuniversity
Cardiology Institute Netherlands-Netherlands Heart Institute, 3501
DG
Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Department of Genetics, University Medical Center Groningen,
University of Groningen, 9700 RB
Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Erkki Vartiainen
- National Institute for Health and Welfare,
FI-00271
Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jorma S. Viikari
- Department of Medicine, University of Turku,
FI-20521
Turku, Finland
| | - Veronique Vitart
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Molecular
Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh
EH4 2XU, UK
| | - Marie-Claude Vohl
- Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods, Laval
University, Québec City, Quebec,
Canada
G1V 0A6
- School of Nutrition, Laval University,
Québec City, Quebec, Canada
G1V 0A6
| | - Henry Völzke
- Institute for Community Medicine, University Medicine
Greifswald, 17475
Greifswald, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site
Greifswald, 17475
Greifswald, Germany
- DZD (German Centre for Diabetes Research), partner site
Greifswald, 17475
Greifswald, Germany
| | - Mark Walker
- Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of
Harvard and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge,
Massachusetts
02142, USA
- Institute of Cellular Medicine, Newcastle University,
Newcastle
NE2 4HH, UK
| | - Henri Wallaschofski
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine,
University Medicine Greifswald, 17475
Greifswald, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site
Greifswald, 17475
Greifswald, Germany
| | - Sarah Wild
- Centre for Population Health Sciences, Usher Institute of
Population Health Sciences and Informatics, University of Edinburgh,
Edinburgh
EH8 9AG, UK
| | - James F. Wilson
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Molecular
Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh
EH4 2XU, UK
- Centre for Global Health Research, Usher Institute of
Population Health Sciences and Informatics, University of Edinburgh, Teviot
Place, Edinburgh
EH8 9AG, UK
| | - Loïc Yengo
- CNRS UMR 8199, F-59019
Lille, France
- European Genomic Institute for Diabetes, 59000
Lille, France
- Université de Lille 2, 59000
Lille, France
| | - D. Timothy Bishop
- Leeds Institute of Cancer and Pathology, Cancer Research UK
Leeds Centre, University of Leeds, Leeds
LS9 7TF, UK
| | - Ingrid B. Borecki
- Division of Statistical Genomics, Department of Genetics,
Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis,
Missouri
63108, USA
- Analytical Genetics Group, Regeneron Genetics Center,
Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Tarrytown, New York
10591, USA
| | - John C. Chambers
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Imperial College
London, London
W2 1PG, UK
- Ealing Hospital NHS Trust, Middlesex
UB1 3HW, UK
- Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London
W12 0HS, UK
| | - L. Adrienne Cupples
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public
Health, Boston, Massachusetts
02118, USA
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, the Framingham
Heart Study, Framingham, Massachusetts
01702, USA
| | - Abbas Dehghan
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center,
3000CA
Rotterdam/Zuidholland, The Netherlands
| | - Panos Deloukas
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School
of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London,
London
EC1M 6BQ, UK
- Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Human Genetics,
Hinxton, Cambridge
CB10 1SA, UK
- Princess Al-Jawhara Al-Brahim Centre of Excellence in Research
of Hereditary Disorders (PACER-HD), King Abdulaziz University,
Jeddah
21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ghazaleh Fatemifar
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, School of Social and
Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol
BS82BN, UKnited
| | - Caroline Fox
- Harvard Medical School, Boston,
Massachusetts
02115, USA
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, the Framingham
Heart Study, Framingham, Massachusetts
01702, USA
| | - Terrence S. Furey
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina,
Chapel Hill, North Carolina
27599, USA
- Department of Biology, University of North Carolina,
Chapel Hill, North Carolina
27599, USA
| | - Lude Franke
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen,
Department of Cardiology, 9700 RB
Groningen, The Netherlands
- Department of Genetics, University Medical Center Groningen,
University of Groningen, 9700 RB
Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Jiali Han
- Department of Epidemiology, Richard M. Fairbanks School of
Public Health, Melvin and Bren Simon Cancer Center,
Indianapolis, Indiana
46202, USA
| | - David J. Hunter
- Broad Institute of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology
and Harvard University, Cambridge
2142, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public
Health, Boston, Massachusetts
02115, USA
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine,
Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School,
Boston, Massachusetts
02115, USA
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public
Health, Boston, Massachusetts
02115, USA
| | - Juha Karjalainen
- Department of Genetics, University Medical Center Groningen,
University of Groningen, 9700 RB
Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Fredrik Karpe
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism,
University of Oxford, Churchill Hospital, Oxford
OX3 7LJ, UK
- Oxford NIHR Biomedical Research Centre,
Oxford
OX3 7LJ, UK
| | - Robert C. Kaplan
- Department of Epidemiology and Popualtion Health, Albert
Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York
10461, USA
| | - Jaspal S. Kooner
- Ealing Hospital NHS Trust, Middlesex
UB1 3HW, UK
- Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London
W12 0HS, UK
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College
London, London
W12 0NN, UK
| | - Mark I. McCarthy
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of
Oxford, Oxford
OX3 7BN, UK
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism,
University of Oxford, Churchill Hospital, Oxford
OX3 7LJ, UK
- Oxford NIHR Biomedical Research Centre,
Oxford
OX3 7LJ, UK
| | - Joanne M. Murabito
- Boston University School of Medicine, Department of Medicine,
Section of General Internal Medicine, Boston,
Massachusetts
02118, USA
- NHLBI's and Boston University's Framingham
Heart Study, Framingham, Massachusetts
01702, USA
| | - Andrew P. Morris
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of
Oxford, Oxford
OX3 7BN, UK
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Liverpool,
Liverpool
L69 3GA, UK
| | - Julia A. N. Bishop
- Leeds Institute of Cancer and Pathology, Cancer Research UK
Leeds Centre, University of Leeds, Leeds
LS9 7TF, UK
| | - Kari E. North
- Carolina Center for Genome Sciences and Department of
Epidemiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel
Hill, North Carolina
27599-7400, USA
| | - Claes Ohlsson
- Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research, Department of Internal
Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy,
University of Gothenburg, 413 45
Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Ken K. Ong
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge School of
Clinical Medicine, Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge,
Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge
CB2 0QQ, UK
- MRC Unit for Lifelong Health and Ageing at UCL,
London
WC1B 5JU, UK
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Cambridge,
Cambridge
CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Inga Prokopenko
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of
Oxford, Oxford
OX3 7BN, UK
- Department of Genomics of Common Disease, School of Public
Health, Imperial College London, London
W12 0NN, UK
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism,
University of Oxford, Churchill Hospital, Oxford
OX3 7LJ, UK
| | - J. Brent Richards
- Department Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Human Genetics, Lady
Davis Institute, Jewish General Hospital, McGill University,
Montréal, Quebec, Canada
H3T1E2
- Department of Medicine, Lady Davis Institute, Jewish General
Hospital, McGill University, Montréal,
Quebec, Canada
H3T1E2
- Department of Twin Research, King's College
London, London
SE1 1E7, UK
- Division of Endocrinology, Lady Davis Institute, Jewish
General Hospital, McGill University, Montréal,
Quebec, Canada
H3T1E2
| | - Eric E. Schadt
- Icahn Institute for Genomics and Multiscale Biology, Icahn
School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
10029, USA
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of
Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
10029, USA
| | - Tim D. Spector
- Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology,
King's College London, London
SE1 7EH, UK
| | - Elisabeth Widén
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland, University of
Helsinki, FI-00290
Helsinki, Finland
| | - Cristen J. Willer
- Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics,
University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
48109, USA
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Michigan,
Ann Arbor, Michigan
48109, USA
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular
Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
48109, USA
| | - Jian Yang
- Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland,
Brisbane
4072, Australia
| | - Erik Ingelsson
- Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, 750
85
Uppsala, Sweden
- Department of Medical Sciences, Molecular Epidemiology, Uppsala
University, 751 85
Uppsala, Sweden
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine,
Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford,
California
94305, USA
| | - Karen L. Mohlke
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina,
Chapel Hill, North Carolina
27599, USA
| | - Joel N. Hirschhorn
- Broad Institute of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology
and Harvard University, Cambridge
2142, USA
- Divisions of Endocrinology and Genetics and Center for Basic
and Translational Obesity Research, Boston Children's Hospital,
Boston, Massachusetts
02115, USA
- Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School,
Boston, Massachusetts
02115, USA
| | - John Andrew Pospisilik
- Department of Epigenetics, Max Planck Institute of
Immunobiology and Epigenetics, D-76108
Freiburg, Germany
| | - M. Carola Zillikens
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center,
3015GE
Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Netherlands Genomics Initiative (NGI)-sponsored Netherlands
Consortium for Healthy Aging (NCHA), Rotterdam
The Netherlands
| | - Cecilia Lindgren
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of
Oxford, Oxford
OX3 7BN, UK
- Broad Institute of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology
and Harvard University, Cambridge
2142, USA
- The Big Data Institute, University of Oxford,
Oxford
OX3 7LJ, UK
| | - Tuomas Oskari Kilpeläinen
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge School of
Clinical Medicine, Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge,
Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge
CB2 0QQ, UK
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research,
Section of Metabolic Genetics, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences,
University of Copenhagen, 2100
Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Ruth J. F. Loos
- The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, The
Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New
York
10029, USA
- The Department of Preventive Medicine, The Icahn School of
Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
10029, USA
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge School of
Clinical Medicine, Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge,
Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge
CB2 0QQ, UK
- The Genetics of Obesity and Related Metabolic Traits Program,
The Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New
York, 10029, USA
- The Mindich Child Health and Development Institute, The Icahn
School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
10029, USA
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3
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Jensen RA, Sim X, Smith AV, Li X, Jakobsdóttir J, Cheng CY, Brody JA, Cotch MF, Mcknight B, Klein R, Wang JJ, Kifley A, Harris TB, Launer LJ, Taylor KD, Klein BEK, Raffel LJ, Li X, Ikram MA, Klaver CC, van der Lee SJ, Mutlu U, Hofman A, Uitterlinden AG, Liu C, Kraja AT, Mitchell P, Gudnason V, Rotter JI, Boerwinkle E, van Duijn CM, Psaty BM, Wong TY. Novel Genetic Loci Associated With Retinal Microvascular Diameter. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015; 9:45-54. [PMID: 26567291 DOI: 10.1161/circgenetics.115.001142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2015] [Accepted: 11/11/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is increasing evidence that retinal microvascular diameters are associated with cardiovascular and cerebrovascular conditions. The shared genetic effects of these associations are currently unknown. The aim of this study was to increase our understanding of the genetic factors that mediate retinal vessel size. METHODS AND RESULTS This study extends previous genome-wide association study results using 24 000+ multiethnic participants from 7 discovery cohorts and 5000+ subjects of European ancestry from 2 replication cohorts. Using the Illumina HumanExome BeadChip, we investigate the association of single-nucleotide polymorphisms and variants collectively across genes with summary measures of retinal vessel diameters, referred to as the central retinal venule equivalent and the central retinal arteriole equivalent. We report 4 new loci associated with central retinal venule equivalent, one of which is also associated with central retinal arteriole equivalent. The 4 single-nucleotide polymorphisms are rs7926971 in TEAD1 (P=3.1×10(-) (11); minor allele frequency=0.43), rs201259422 in TSPAN10 (P=4.4×10(-9); minor allele frequency=0.27), rs5442 in GNB3 (P=7.0×10(-10); minor allele frequency=0.05), and rs1800407 in OCA2 (P=3.4×10(-8); minor allele frequency=0.05). The latter single-nucleotide polymorphism, rs1800407, was also associated with central retinal arteriole equivalent (P=6.5×10(-12)). Results from the gene-based burden tests were null. In phenotype look-ups, single-nucleotide polymorphism rs201255422 was associated with both systolic (P=0.001) and diastolic blood pressures (P=8.3×10(-04)). CONCLUSIONS Our study expands the understanding of genetic factors influencing the size of the retinal microvasculature. These findings may also provide insight into the relationship between retinal and systemic microvascular disease.
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4
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de Vries PS, Chasman DI, Sabater-Lleal M, Chen MH, Huffman JE, Steri M, Tang W, Teumer A, Marioni RE, Grossmann V, Hottenga JJ, Trompet S, Müller-Nurasyid M, Zhao JH, Brody JA, Kleber ME, Guo X, Wang JJ, Auer PL, Attia JR, Yanek LR, Ahluwalia TS, Lahti J, Venturini C, Tanaka T, Bielak LF, Joshi PK, Rocanin-Arjo A, Kolcic I, Navarro P, Rose LM, Oldmeadow C, Riess H, Mazur J, Basu S, Goel A, Yang Q, Ghanbari M, Willemsen G, Rumley A, Fiorillo E, de Craen AJM, Grotevendt A, Scott R, Taylor KD, Delgado GE, Yao J, Kifley A, Kooperberg C, Qayyum R, Lopez LM, Berentzen TL, Räikkönen K, Mangino M, Bandinelli S, Peyser PA, Wild S, Trégouët DA, Wright AF, Marten J, Zemunik T, Morrison AC, Sennblad B, Tofler G, de Maat MPM, de Geus EJC, Lowe GD, Zoledziewska M, Sattar N, Binder H, Völker U, Waldenberger M, Khaw KT, Mcknight B, Huang J, Jenny NS, Holliday EG, Qi L, Mcevoy MG, Becker DM, Starr JM, Sarin AP, Hysi PG, Hernandez DG, Jhun MA, Campbell H, Hamsten A, Rivadeneira F, Mcardle WL, Slagboom PE, Zeller T, Koenig W, Psaty BM, Haritunians T, Liu J, Palotie A, Uitterlinden AG, Stott DJ, Hofman A, Franco OH, Polasek O, Rudan I, Morange PE, Wilson JF, Kardia SLR, Ferrucci L, Spector TD, Eriksson JG, Hansen T, Deary IJ, Becker LC, Scott RJ, Mitchell P, März W, Wareham NJ, Peters A, Greinacher A, Wild PS, Jukema JW, Boomsma DI, Hayward C, Cucca F, Tracy R, Watkins H, Reiner AP, Folsom AR, Ridker PM, O'Donnell CJ, Smith NL, Strachan DP, Dehghan A. A meta-analysis of 120 246 individuals identifies 18 new loci for fibrinogen concentration. Hum Mol Genet 2015; 25:358-70. [PMID: 26561523 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddv454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2015] [Accepted: 10/27/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Genome-wide association studies have previously identified 23 genetic loci associated with circulating fibrinogen concentration. These studies used HapMap imputation and did not examine the X-chromosome. 1000 Genomes imputation provides better coverage of uncommon variants, and includes indels. We conducted a genome-wide association analysis of 34 studies imputed to the 1000 Genomes Project reference panel and including ∼120 000 participants of European ancestry (95 806 participants with data on the X-chromosome). Approximately 10.7 million single-nucleotide polymorphisms and 1.2 million indels were examined. We identified 41 genome-wide significant fibrinogen loci; of which, 18 were newly identified. There were no genome-wide significant signals on the X-chromosome. The lead variants of five significant loci were indels. We further identified six additional independent signals, including three rare variants, at two previously characterized loci: FGB and IRF1. Together the 41 loci explain 3% of the variance in plasma fibrinogen concentration.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Daniel I Chasman
- Division of Preventive Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Maria Sabater-Lleal
- Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Genetics and Genomics Group, Atherosclerosis Research Unit and
| | - Ming-Huei Chen
- Department of Neurology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA, Framingham Heart Study, Population Sciences Branch, Division of Intramural Research National Heart Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Framingham, MA, USA
| | - Jennifer E Huffman
- Framingham Heart Study, Population Sciences Branch, Division of Intramural Research National Heart Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Framingham, MA, USA, MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine
| | - Maristella Steri
- Istituto di Ricerca Genetica e Biomedica, Consiglio Nazionaledelle Ricerche, Monserrato, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Weihong Tang
- Division of Epidemiology and Community Health and
| | | | - Riccardo E Marioni
- Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Queensland Brain Institute, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | | | - Jouke J Hottenga
- Department of Biological Psychology, Netherlands Twin Register, VU University, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Stella Trompet
- Department of Cardiology, Department of Gerontology and Geriatrics and
| | - Martina Müller-Nurasyid
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Medicine I, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany, DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research) and
| | - Jing Hua Zhao
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, School of Clinical Medicine and
| | | | - Marcus E Kleber
- Vth Department of Medicine, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Xiuqing Guo
- Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences and Department of Pediatrics, Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute at Harbor/UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - Jie Jin Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Centre for Vision Research, Westmead Millennium Institute for Medical Research, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Paul L Auer
- Zilber School of Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - John R Attia
- Public Health Stream and School of Medicine and Public Health and
| | - Lisa R Yanek
- Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Tarunveer S Ahluwalia
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Centre for Basic Metabolic Research, Section of Metabolic Genetics, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences and Copenhagen Prospective Studies on Asthma in Childhood, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark, The Danish Pediatric Asthma Center, Gentofte Hospital, The Capital Region, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jari Lahti
- Institute of Behavioural Sciences, Folkhälsan Research Centre, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Cristina Venturini
- Institute of Opthalmology, UCL, London, UK, Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, Kings College London, London, UK
| | - Toshiko Tanaka
- Translational Gerontology Branch, National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Lawrence F Bielak
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Peter K Joshi
- Centre for Population Health Sciences, Usher Institute of Population Health Sciences and Informatics, Centre for Global Health Research, Usher Institute of Population Health Sciences and Informatics
| | - Ares Rocanin-Arjo
- Institut National pour la Santé et la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Unité Mixte de Recherche en Santé (UMR_S) 1166, Paris F-75013, France, Sorbonne Universités, Université Pierre et Marie Curie (UPMC Univ Paris 06), UMR_S 1166, Team Genomics & Pathophysiology of Cardiovascular Diseases, Paris F-75013, France, Institute for Cardiometabolism and Nutrition (ICAN), Paris F-75013, France
| | - Ivana Kolcic
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine
| | - Pau Navarro
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine
| | - Lynda M Rose
- Division of Preventive Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | | | - Johanna Mazur
- Institute of Medical Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Informatics and
| | - Saonli Basu
- Division of Biostatistics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Anuj Goel
- Cardiovascular Medicine Department/Radcliffe Department of Medicine, Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Qiong Yang
- Framingham Heart Study, Population Sciences Branch, Division of Intramural Research National Heart Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Framingham, MA, USA, Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Mohsen Ghanbari
- Department of Epidemiology, Department of Genetics, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Gonneke Willemsen
- Department of Biological Psychology, Netherlands Twin Register, VU University, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Ann Rumley
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences and
| | - Edoardo Fiorillo
- Istituto di Ricerca Genetica e Biomedica, Consiglio Nazionaledelle Ricerche, Monserrato, Cagliari, Italy
| | | | | | - Robert Scott
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, School of Clinical Medicine and
| | - Kent D Taylor
- Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences and
| | - Graciela E Delgado
- Vth Department of Medicine, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Jie Yao
- Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences and
| | - Annette Kifley
- Department of Ophthalmology, Centre for Vision Research, Westmead Millennium Institute for Medical Research, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | | | - Rehan Qayyum
- Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Lorna M Lopez
- Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, Department of Psychiatry, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Education and Research Centre, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin, Ireland, University College Dublin, UCD Conway Institute, Centre for Proteome Research, UCD, Belfield, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Tina L Berentzen
- Institute of Preventive Medicine, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital, The Capital Region, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | - Massimo Mangino
- Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, Kings College London, London, UK
| | | | - Patricia A Peyser
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Sarah Wild
- Centre for Population Health Sciences, Usher Institute of Population Health Sciences and Informatics
| | - David-Alexandre Trégouët
- Institut National pour la Santé et la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Unité Mixte de Recherche en Santé (UMR_S) 1166, Paris F-75013, France, Sorbonne Universités, Université Pierre et Marie Curie (UPMC Univ Paris 06), UMR_S 1166, Team Genomics & Pathophysiology of Cardiovascular Diseases, Paris F-75013, France, Institute for Cardiometabolism and Nutrition (ICAN), Paris F-75013, France
| | - Alan F Wright
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine
| | - Jonathan Marten
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine
| | | | - Alanna C Morrison
- Human Genetics Center, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Bengt Sennblad
- Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Genetics and Genomics Group, Atherosclerosis Research Unit and Science for Life Laboratory, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Geoffrey Tofler
- Royal North Shore Hospital, Sydney University, Sydney, Australia
| | | | - Eco J C de Geus
- Department of Biological Psychology, Netherlands Twin Register, VU University, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, EMGO+ institute, VU University & VU Medical Center, Amsterdam
| | - Gordon D Lowe
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences and
| | - Magdalena Zoledziewska
- Istituto di Ricerca Genetica e Biomedica, Consiglio Nazionaledelle Ricerche, Monserrato, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Naveed Sattar
- Faculty of Medicine, BHF Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, Glasgow, UK
| | - Harald Binder
- Institute of Medical Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Informatics and
| | - Uwe Völker
- Interfaculty Institute for Genetics and Functional Genomics and
| | - Melanie Waldenberger
- Institute of Epidemiology II and Research Unit of Molecular Epidemiology, Helmholtz ZentrumMünchen - German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Kay-Tee Khaw
- Clinical Gerontology Unit, School of Clinical Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | | | - Jie Huang
- Department of Human Genetics, Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, Cambridge, UK
| | | | - Elizabeth G Holliday
- Public Health Stream, Hunter Medical Research Institute, School of Medicine and Public Health and
| | - Lihong Qi
- Division of Biostatistics, Department of Public Health Sciences, UC Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Mark G Mcevoy
- School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, Australia
| | - Diane M Becker
- Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - John M Starr
- Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, Alzheimer Scotland Dementia Research Centre and
| | - Antti-Pekka Sarin
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM) and Public Health Genomics Unit, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Pirro G Hysi
- Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, Kings College London, London, UK
| | - Dena G Hernandez
- Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute on Aging, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Min A Jhun
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Harry Campbell
- Centre for Global Health Research, Usher Institute of Population Health Sciences and Informatics
| | - Anders Hamsten
- Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Genetics and Genomics Group, Atherosclerosis Research Unit and
| | - Fernando Rivadeneira
- Department of Epidemiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC, Wytemaweg 80, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Wendy L Mcardle
- School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - P Eline Slagboom
- Department of Molecular Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Tanja Zeller
- Department of General and Interventional Cardiology, University Heart Centre, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany, German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Hamburg, Lübeck, Kiel, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Koenig
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany, Department of Internal Medicine II - Cardiology, University of Ulm Medical Centre, Ulm, Germany, Deutsches Herzzentrum München, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Bruce M Psaty
- Department of Medicine, Epidemiology, and Health Services and Group Health Research Institute, Group Health Cooperative, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Talin Haritunians
- Inflammatory Bowel & Immunobiology Research Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Jingmin Liu
- Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | | | - André G Uitterlinden
- Department of Epidemiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC, Wytemaweg 80, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - David J Stott
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | | | | | - Ozren Polasek
- Centre for Global Health Research, Usher Institute of Population Health Sciences and Informatics, Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Centre for Global Health, University of Split, Split, Croatia
| | - Igor Rudan
- Centre for Global Health Research, Usher Institute of Population Health Sciences and Informatics
| | - Pierre-Emmanuel Morange
- Laboratory of Haematology, La Timone Hospital, Marseille F-13385, France, INSERM, UMR_S 1062, Nutrition Obesity and Risk of Thrombosis, Marseille F-13385, France, Aix-Marseille University, UMR_S 1062, Nutrition Obesity and Risk of Thrombosis, Marseille F-13385, France
| | - James F Wilson
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Centre for Global Health Research, Usher Institute of Population Health Sciences and Informatics
| | - Sharon L R Kardia
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Luigi Ferrucci
- Translational Gerontology Branch, National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Tim D Spector
- Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, Kings College London, London, UK
| | - Johan G Eriksson
- Department of General Practice and Primary Health Care, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland, Folkhälsan Research Centre, Helsinki, Finland, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland, Unit of General Practice, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Torben Hansen
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Centre for Basic Metabolic Research, Section of Metabolic Genetics, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences and
| | - Ian J Deary
- Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, Department of Psychology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Lewis C Becker
- Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Rodney J Scott
- Information based Medicine Program, Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, Australia, School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, University of Newcastle, New Lambton Heights, Australia
| | - Paul Mitchell
- Department of Ophthalmology, Centre for Vision Research, Westmead Millennium Institute for Medical Research, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Winfried März
- Vth Department of Medicine, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany, Synlab Academy, Synlab Services LLC, Mannheim, Germany, Clinical Institute of Medical, Chemical Laboratory Diagnostics, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | | | - Annette Peters
- Institute of Epidemiology II and DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research) and
| | - Andreas Greinacher
- Institute for Immunology and Transfusion Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Philipp S Wild
- Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis (CTH), Preventive Cardiology and Preventive Medicine, Department of Medicine 2, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany, German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site RheinMain, Mainz, Germany
| | - J Wouter Jukema
- Department of Cardiology, Durrer Center for Cardiogenetic Research, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, Interuniversity Cardiology Institute of The Netherlands, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Dorret I Boomsma
- Department of Biological Psychology, Netherlands Twin Register, VU University, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Caroline Hayward
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine
| | - Francesco Cucca
- Istituto di Ricerca Genetica e Biomedica, Consiglio Nazionaledelle Ricerche, Monserrato, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Russell Tracy
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Center for Clinical and Translational Sciences, University of Vermont College of Medicine, Colchester, VT, USA
| | - Hugh Watkins
- Cardiovascular Medicine Department/Radcliffe Department of Medicine, Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Alex P Reiner
- Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | | | - Paul M Ridker
- Division of Preventive Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Christopher J O'Donnell
- Framingham Heart Study, Population Sciences Branch, Division of Intramural Research National Heart Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Framingham, MA, USA, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, Division of Intramural Research, Cardiology Division, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Nicholas L Smith
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA, Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK, Department of Veterans Affairs, Office of Research and Development, Seattle Epidemiologic Research and Information Center, Seattle, WA, USA and
| | - David P Strachan
- Population Health Research Institute, St George's University of London, London, UK
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5
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Chen CTL, Liu CT, Chen GK, Andrews JS, Arnold AM, Dreyfus J, Franceschini N, Garcia ME, Kerr KF, Li G, Lohman KK, Musani SK, Nalls MA, Raffel LJ, Smith J, Ambrosone CB, Bandera EV, Bernstein L, Britton A, Brzyski RG, Cappola A, Carlson CS, Couper D, Deming SL, Goodarzi MO, Heiss G, John EM, Lu X, Le Marchand L, Marciante K, Mcknight B, Millikan R, Nock NL, Olshan AF, Press MF, Vaiyda D, Woods NF, Taylor HA, Zhao W, Zheng W, Evans MK, Harris TB, Henderson BE, Kardia SLR, Kooperberg C, Liu Y, Mosley TH, Psaty B, Wellons M, Windham BG, Zonderman AB, Cupples LA, Demerath EW, Haiman C, Murabito JM, Rajkovic A. Meta-analysis of loci associated with age at natural menopause in African-American women. Hum Mol Genet 2014; 23:3327-42. [PMID: 24493794 PMCID: PMC4030781 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddu041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2014] [Revised: 01/11/2014] [Accepted: 01/27/2014] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Age at menopause marks the end of a woman's reproductive life and its timing associates with risks for cancer, cardiovascular and bone disorders. GWAS and candidate gene studies conducted in women of European ancestry have identified 27 loci associated with age at menopause. The relevance of these loci to women of African ancestry has not been previously studied. We therefore sought to uncover additional menopause loci and investigate the relevance of European menopause loci by performing a GWAS meta-analysis in 6510 women with African ancestry derived from 11 studies across the USA. We did not identify any additional loci significantly associated with age at menopause in African Americans. We replicated the associations between six loci and age at menopause (P-value < 0.05): AMHR2, RHBLD2, PRIM1, HK3/UMC1, BRSK1/TMEM150B and MCM8. In addition, associations of 14 loci are directionally consistent with previous reports. We provide evidence that genetic variants influencing reproductive traits identified in European populations are also important in women of African ancestry residing in USA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina T L Chen
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Ching-Ti Liu
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Boston University, Boston, MA 02118, USA National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute's Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA 01702, USA
| | | | - Jeanette S Andrews
- Department of Biostatistical Sciences, Division of Public Health Sciences, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA
| | | | - Jill Dreyfus
- Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | | | - Melissa E Garcia
- Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, National Institute on Aging, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA
| | | | - Guo Li
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Kurt K Lohman
- Department of Biostatistical Sciences, Division of Public Health Sciences, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA
| | - Solomon K Musani
- University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS 39216, USA
| | - Michael A Nalls
- Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | | | - Jennifer Smith
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Christine B Ambrosone
- Department of Cancer Prevention and Control, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY 14263, USA
| | - Elisa V Bandera
- The Cancer Institute of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ 08903, USA
| | - Leslie Bernstein
- Division of Cancer Etiology, Department of Population Science, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
| | - Angela Britton
- Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Robert G Brzyski
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
| | - Anne Cappola
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Christopher S Carlson
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - David Couper
- Department of Biostatistics, Gillings School of Global Public Health
| | - Sandra L Deming
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Mark O Goodarzi
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
| | - Gerardo Heiss
- Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health
| | - Esther M John
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Health Research & Policy, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Xiaoning Lu
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Boston University, Boston, MA 02118, USA Division of Clinical Informatics, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA 02118, USA
| | - Loic Le Marchand
- Epidemiology Program, Cancer Research Center, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI 96813, USA
| | - Kristin Marciante
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | | | - Robert Millikan
- Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27514, USA
| | - Nora L Nock
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Case Western University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Andrew F Olshan
- Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27514, USA
| | - Michael F Press
- Department of Pathology, Keck School of Medicine and Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA
| | - Dhananjay Vaiyda
- Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
| | - Nancy F Woods
- Biobehavioral Nursing and Health Systems, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Herman A Taylor
- University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS 39216, USA
| | - Wei Zhao
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Wei Zheng
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Michele K Evans
- Health Disparities Research Section, Clinical Research Branch
| | - Tamara B Harris
- Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, National Institute on Aging, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA
| | | | - Sharon L R Kardia
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Charles Kooperberg
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Yongmei Liu
- Department of Epidemiology and Prevention, Division of Public Health Sciences, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA
| | - Thomas H Mosley
- Division of Geriatric Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS 39216, USA
| | - Bruce Psaty
- Departments of Medicine, Epidemiology and Health Services, University of Washington and Group Health Research Institute, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Melissa Wellons
- School of Medicine, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37240, USA
| | - Beverly G Windham
- Division of Geriatric Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS 39216, USA
| | - Alan B Zonderman
- Laboratory of Personality and Cognition, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - L Adrienne Cupples
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Boston University, Boston, MA 02118, USA National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute's Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA 01702, USA
| | - Ellen W Demerath
- Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | | | - Joanne M Murabito
- National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute's Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA 01702, USA Department of Medicine, Section of General Internal Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Aleksandar Rajkovic
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Science, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
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