1
|
Oviedo SA, McDonald B, Gander JC, Ali MK, Harding JL. Access to telehealth and changes in diabetes care patterns during the pandemic: evidence from a large integrated health system in the Southeast USA. BMJ Open Diabetes Res Care 2024; 12:e003882. [PMID: 38413175 PMCID: PMC10900384 DOI: 10.1136/bmjdrc-2023-003882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/29/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION To examine the role of telehealth in diabetes care and management during versus pre-COVID-19 pandemic. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS We included adults (≥18 years) with prevalent diabetes as of January 1, 2018, and continuously enrolled at Kaiser Permanente Georgia through December 31, 2021 (n=22,854). We defined pre (2018-2019) and during COVID-19 (2020-2021) periods. Logistic generalized estimating equations (GEEs) assessed the within-subject change in adherence to seven annual routine care processes (blood pressure (BP), hemoglobin A1C (HbA1c), cholesterol, creatinine, urine-albumin-creatinine ratio (UACR), eye and foot examinations) pre versus during COVID-19 among telehealth users (ie, more than one telehealth visit per year per period) and non-telehealth users. Linear GEE compared mean laboratory measurements pre versus during COVID-19 by telehealth use. RESULTS The proportion of telehealth users increased from 38.7% (2018-2019) to 91.5% (2020-2021). During (vs pre) the pandemic, adherence to all care processes declined in telehealth (range: 1.6% for foot examinations to 12.4% for BP) and non-telehealth users (range: 1.9% for foot examinations to 40.7% for BP). In telehealth users, average HbA1c (mean difference: 0.4% (95% CI 0.2% to 0.6%), systolic BP (1.62 mm Hg (1.44 to 1.81)), and creatinine (0.03 mg/dL (0.02 to 0.04)), worsened during (vs pre) COVID-19, while low density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol improved (-9.08 mg/dL (-9.77 to -8.39)). For UACR, odds of elevated risk of kidney disease increased by 48% (OR 1.48 (1.36-1.62)). Patterns were similar in non-telehealth users. CONCLUSIONS Telehealth use increased during the pandemic and alleviated some of the observed declines in routine diabetes care and management.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sofia A Oviedo
- Department of Surgery, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | | | | | - Mohammed K Ali
- Family and Preventive Medicine, Hubert Department of Global Health, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Jessica L Harding
- Department of Surgery, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Montoya MM, Gander JC, Suglia SF, McDonald B, Patel SA, Davis T, Patzer RE, Jagannathan R, Teunis L, Harding JL. Racial Disparities in COVID-19 Severity Are Partially Mediated by Chronic Stress-Evidence from a Large Integrated Healthcare System. J Racial Ethn Health Disparities 2024:10.1007/s40615-024-01920-6. [PMID: 38294635 DOI: 10.1007/s40615-024-01920-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2023] [Revised: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 01/20/2024] [Indexed: 02/01/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Racial and ethnic minorities have experienced a disproportionate burden of severe COVID-19. Whether chronic stress, also disproportionately experienced by racial and ethnic minorities, explains this excess risk is unknown. METHODS We identified 9577 adults (≥ 18 years) diagnosed with COVID-19 from January 1, 2020, through September 30, 2021, enrolled in Kaiser Permanente Georgia (KPGA) with complete biomarker data. Self-reported race (Black or White) was defined from electronic medical records. Chronic stress, defined as allostatic load (AL), a composite score (scale 0-7) based on seven cardio-metabolic biomarkers, was categorized as below (low AL) or above (high AL) the median. Severe COVID-19 was defined as hospitalization or mortality within 30 days of COVID-19 diagnosis. The association between race, AL, and severe COVID-19 was assessed using multivariable Poisson regression. The mediating effect of AL was assessed using the Valeri and VanderWeele method. All results were expressed as risk ratios (RRs) with 95% confidence intervals. RESULTS Overall, Black (vs. White) KPGA members had an 18% excess risk of AL (RR: 1.18, 95%CI: 1.14-1.23) and a 24% excess risk of severe COVID-19 (RR: 1.24, 95%CI: 1.12, 1.37). AL explained 23% of the Black-White disparities in severe COVID-19. CONCLUSIONS In our study, chronic stress, characterized by AL, partially mediated Black-White disparities in severe COVID-19 outcomes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Miranda M Montoya
- Department of Epidemiology, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Department of Surgery, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Jennifer C Gander
- Center for Research and Evaluation, Kaiser Permanente Georgia, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Shakira F Suglia
- Department of Epidemiology, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Bennett McDonald
- Center for Research and Evaluation, Kaiser Permanente Georgia, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Shivani A Patel
- Hubert Department of Global Health, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Teaniese Davis
- Center for Research and Evaluation, Kaiser Permanente Georgia, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | | | - Ram Jagannathan
- Hubert Department of Global Health, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Larissa Teunis
- Department of Surgery, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Jessica L Harding
- Department of Epidemiology, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA.
- Department of Surgery, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Hsu C, Williamson BD, Becker M, Berry B, Cook AJ, Derus A, Estrada C, Gacuiri M, Kone A, McCracken C, McDonald B, Piccorelli AV, Senturia K, Volney J, Wilson KB, Green BB. Engaging staff to improve COVID-19 vaccination response at long-term care facilities (ENSPIRE): A cluster randomized trial of co-designed, tailored vaccine promotion materials. Contemp Clin Trials 2024; 136:107403. [PMID: 38052297 DOI: 10.1016/j.cct.2023.107403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Revised: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 12/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND COVID-19 vaccination rates among long-term care center (LTCC) workers are among the lowest of all frontline health care workers. Current efforts to increase COVID-19 vaccine uptake generally focus on strategies that have proven effective for increasing influenza vaccine uptake among health care workers including educational and communication strategies. Experimental evidence is lacking on the comparative advantage of educational strategies to improve vaccine acceptance and uptake, especially in the context of COVID-19. Despite the lack of evidence, education and communication strategies are recommended to improve COVID-19 vaccination rates and decrease vaccine hesitancy (VH), especially strategies using tailored messaging for disproportionately affected populations. METHODS We describe a cluster-randomized comparative effectiveness trial with 40 LTCCs and approximately 4000 LTCC workers in 2 geographically, culturally, and ethnically distinct states. We compare the effectiveness of two strategies for increasing COVID-19 booster vaccination rates and willingness to promote COVID-19 booster vaccination: co-design processes for tailoring educational messages vs. an enhanced usual care comparator. Our study focuses on the language and/or cultural groups that are most disproportionately affected by VH and low COVID-19 vaccine uptake in these LTCCs. CONCLUSION Finding effective methods to increase COVID-19 vaccine uptake and decrease VH among LTCC staff is critical. Beyond COVID-19, better approaches are needed to improve vaccine uptake and decrease VH for a variety of existing vaccines as well as vaccines created to address novel viruses as they emerge.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Clarissa Hsu
- Kaiser Permanente Washington Health Research Institute, United States of America; Global Alliance to Prevent Prematurity and Stillbirth, United States of America; University of Washington School of Public Health, United States of America.
| | - Brian D Williamson
- Kaiser Permanente Washington Health Research Institute, United States of America; Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, United States of America
| | - Marla Becker
- Kaiser Permanente Washington Health Research Institute, United States of America; Era Living, United States of America
| | - Breana Berry
- Center for Research and Evaluation, Kaiser Permanente Georgia, United States of America
| | - Andrea J Cook
- Kaiser Permanente Washington Health Research Institute, United States of America; Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, United States of America
| | - Alphonse Derus
- Kaiser Permanente Washington Health Research Institute, United States of America
| | - Camilo Estrada
- Kaiser Permanente Washington Health Research Institute, United States of America
| | - Margaret Gacuiri
- Kaiser Permanente Washington Health Research Institute, United States of America
| | - Ahoua Kone
- University of Washington School of Public Health, United States of America; Kaiser Permanente Bernard J Tyson School of Medicine, Department of Health Systems Science, United States of America
| | - Courtney McCracken
- Center for Research and Evaluation, Kaiser Permanente Georgia, United States of America
| | - Bennett McDonald
- Center for Research and Evaluation, Kaiser Permanente Georgia, United States of America
| | | | - Kirsten Senturia
- Global Alliance to Prevent Prematurity and Stillbirth, United States of America; University of Washington School of Public Health, United States of America
| | - Jaclyn Volney
- Center for Research and Evaluation, Kaiser Permanente Georgia, United States of America
| | - Kanetha B Wilson
- Center for Research and Evaluation, Kaiser Permanente Georgia, United States of America
| | - Beverly B Green
- Kaiser Permanente Washington Health Research Institute, United States of America; Kaiser Permanente Bernard J Tyson School of Medicine, Department of Health Systems Science, United States of America
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Harding JL, Doucet N, Patel SA, Davis T, McDonald B, Goldberg B, Patzer RE, Walker-Williams D, Jagannathan R, Teunis L, Gander JC. The Association Between Black vs. White Race and 30-Day Hospitalization Among People Diagnosed with COVID-19 Within an Integrated Care Setting: a Cohort Study. J Racial Ethn Health Disparities 2023:10.1007/s40615-023-01894-x. [PMID: 38110800 DOI: 10.1007/s40615-023-01894-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2023] [Revised: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 12/20/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Black Americans are more likely to experience hospitalization from COVID-19 compared with White Americans. Whether this excess risk differs by age, sex, obesity, or diabetes, key risk factors for COVID hospitalization, among an integrated population with uniform healthcare access, are less clear. METHODS We identified all adult members (≥ 18 years) of Kaiser Permanente Georgia (KPGA) diagnosed with COVID-19 between January 1, 2020, and September 30, 2021 (N = 24,564). We restricted the analysis to members of Black or White race identified from electronic medical records. Our primary outcome was first hospitalization within 30 days of COVID-19 diagnosis. To assess the association between race and 30-day hospitalization, we performed multivariable logistic regression adjusting for several member and neighborhood-level characteristics, and tested for interactions of race with age, sex, diabetes, and obesity. A regression-based decomposition method was then used to estimate how much of the observed race disparity in 30-day hospitalization could be explained by member and neighborhood-level factors. RESULTS Overall, 11.27% of Black KPGA members were hospitalized within 30 days of a COVID diagnosis, as compared with 9.44% of White KPGA members. Black (vs. White) KPGA members had a 34% (aOR: 1.32 [95% CI: 1.19-1.47]) higher odds of 30-day hospitalization following COVID-19 after accounting for clinical differences. The odds of 30-day hospitalization in Black vs. White KPGA members did not differ significantly by sex (men: 1.46 [1.25-1.70]; women: 1.24 [1.07-1.43]), by age (18-29 years: 1.33 [0. 841-2.10]; 30-49 years: 1.26 [1.02-1.56]; ≥ 50 years: 1.24 [1.10-1.41]); by diabetes status (with diabetes: 1.38 [1.16-1.66]; without diabetes: 1.26 [1.11-1.44]), or by obesity (with obesity: 1.31 [1.15-1.50]; without obesity: 1.28 [1.06-1.53]). Factors that, if Black and White KPGA members had the same level of exposure, would be most likely to reduce the Black-White disparity in 30-day hospitalization from COVID-19 were obesity, history of flu vaccine, and neighborhood-level income and social vulnerability. CONCLUSIONS Early in the pandemic, Black (vs. White) members of an integrated health system had higher odds of being hospitalized within 30 days of COVID-19 diagnosis and this excess risk was similar by sex, age, and comorbidities. Factors that explained the largest proportions of race-based disparities were obesity, receipt of flu vaccine, and neighborhood-level social determinants of health. These findings suggest that social determinants of health, or other unmeasured factors, may be drivers of racial disparities in COVID-19 outcomes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jessica L Harding
- Department of Epidemiology, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA.
- Department of Surgery, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA.
- Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA.
| | - Nicole Doucet
- Department of Epidemiology, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Department of Surgery, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Shivani A Patel
- Department of Epidemiology, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Hubert Department of Global Health, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Teaniese Davis
- Center for Research and Evaluation, Kaiser Permanente Georgia, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Bennett McDonald
- Center for Research and Evaluation, Kaiser Permanente Georgia, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Benjamin Goldberg
- Department of Epidemiology, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Department of Surgery, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Rachel E Patzer
- Department of Epidemiology, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Department of Surgery, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Regenstrief Institute, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | | | - Ram Jagannathan
- Hubert Department of Global Health, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Larissa Teunis
- Department of Surgery, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Jennifer C Gander
- Center for Research and Evaluation, Kaiser Permanente Georgia, Atlanta, GA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Crawford M, McDonald B, Chen W, Chowdhry H, Contreras R, Reyes IAC, Dhakal E, Villanueva T, Barzilay JI, Vaughn CF, Czerwiec FS, Katz DA, Adams AL, Gander JC. Dexamethasone Suppression Testing in a Contemporary Cohort with Adrenal Incidentalomas in Two U.S. Integrated Healthcare Systems. Biomedicines 2023; 11:3167. [PMID: 38137386 PMCID: PMC10740617 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11123167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2023] [Revised: 11/16/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Autonomous cortisol secretion (ACS) from an adrenal adenoma can increase the risk for comorbidities and mortality. The dexamethasone suppression test (DST) is the standard method to diagnose ACS. A multi-site, retrospective cohort of adults with diagnosed adrenal tumors was used to understand patient characteristics associated with DST completion and ACS. Time to DST completion was defined using the lab value and result date; follow-up time was from the adrenal adenoma diagnosis to the time of completion or censoring. ACS was defined by a DST > 1.8 µg/dL (50 nmol/L). The Cox proportional hazards regression model assessed associations between DST completion and patient characteristics. In patients completing a DST, a logistic regression model evaluated relationships between elevated ACS and covariates. We included 24,259 adults, with a mean age of 63.1 years, 48.1% obese, and 28.7% with a Charlson comorbidity index ≥ 4. Approximately 7% (n = 1768) completed a DST with a completion rate of 2.36 (95% CI 2.35, 2.37) per 100 person-years. Fully adjusted models reported that male sex and an increased Charlson comorbidity index were associated with a lower likelihood of DST completion. Current or former smoking status and an increased Charlson comorbidity index had higher odds of a DST > 1.8 μg/dL. In conclusion, clinical policies are needed to improve DST completion and the management of adrenal adenomas.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mackenzie Crawford
- Center for Research and Evaluation, Kaiser Permanente Georgia, Atlanta, GA 30305, USA
| | - Bennett McDonald
- Center for Research and Evaluation, Kaiser Permanente Georgia, Atlanta, GA 30305, USA
| | - Wansu Chen
- Department of Research and Evaluation, Kaiser Permanente Southern California, Pasadena, CA 91101, USA
| | - Hina Chowdhry
- Department of Research and Evaluation, Kaiser Permanente Southern California, Pasadena, CA 91101, USA
| | - Richard Contreras
- Department of Research and Evaluation, Kaiser Permanente Southern California, Pasadena, CA 91101, USA
| | - Iris Anne C. Reyes
- Department of Research and Evaluation, Kaiser Permanente Southern California, Pasadena, CA 91101, USA
| | - Eleena Dhakal
- Center for Research and Evaluation, Kaiser Permanente Georgia, Atlanta, GA 30305, USA
| | - Tish Villanueva
- Department of Research and Evaluation, Kaiser Permanente Southern California, Pasadena, CA 91101, USA
| | - Joshua I. Barzilay
- Center for Research and Evaluation, Kaiser Permanente Georgia, Atlanta, GA 30305, USA
- Southeastern Permanente Medical Group, Kaiser Permanente Georgia, Atlanta, GA 30305, USA
| | - Candace F. Vaughn
- Southeastern Permanente Medical Group, Kaiser Permanente Georgia, Atlanta, GA 30305, USA
| | | | | | - Annette L. Adams
- Department of Research and Evaluation, Kaiser Permanente Southern California, Pasadena, CA 91101, USA
| | - Jennifer C. Gander
- Center for Research and Evaluation, Kaiser Permanente Georgia, Atlanta, GA 30305, USA
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
El-Habashy D, Wahid KA, He R, Ding Y, Wang J, Preston K, Salzillo T, Naser M, McDonald B, Abobakr M, Shehata MA, Elkhouly E, Alagizy H, Hegazy AH, Fuller CD, Mohamed AS. Longitudinal Monitoring of Quantitative Imaging Kinetics of Primary Tumor and Nodal Volumes Using the MR-Linac Device in Head and Neck Cancer Patients. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2023; 117:e663-e664. [PMID: 37785964 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2023.06.2102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE/OBJECTIVE(S) We aim to characterize the serial quantitative apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) changes of the target disease volume using diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) acquired weekly during radiation therapy (RT) on a 1.5T MR-Linac and correlate these changes with tumor response and oncologic outcomes for head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) patients. MATERIALS/METHODS Thirty patients with pathologically confirmed HNSCC and received curative-intent RT at the University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, were included in this prospective study. Baseline and weekly MRIs (weeks 1-6) were obtained, and various ADC parameters (mean, 5th, 10th, 20th, 30th, 40th, 50th, 60th, 70th, 80th, 90th and 95th percentile) were extracted from the target regions of interest (ROIs). Pre-RT and weekly ADC parameters were correlated with response during RT, loco-regional control, and the development of relapse using the Mann-Whitney U test. The Wilcoxon signed-rank test was used to compare the weekly ADC versus baseline values. Weekly volumetric changes (Δvolume) for each ROI were correlated with ΔADC using Spearman's Rho test. Recursive partitioning analysis (RPA) was performed to identify the optimal ΔADC threshold associated with different oncologic outcomes. RESULTS There was an overall significant rise in all ADC parameters during different time points of RT compared to baseline values for both GTV-P & GTV-N. The increased ADC values for GTV-P were statistically significant only for primary tumors achieving CR during RT. RPA identified GTV-P ΔADC 5th percentile >13% at the 3rd week of RT as the most significant parameter associated with CR for GTV-P during RT (p <0.001). Baseline ADC parameters didn't significantly correlate with response to RT or other oncologic outcomes. There was a significant decrease in residual volume of both GTV-P & GTV-N throughout the course of RT. Additionally, a significant negative correlation between mean ΔADC and Δvolume for GTV-P at the 3rd and 4th week of RT was detected (r = -0.39, p = 0.044 & r = -0.45, p = 0.019, respectively). CONCLUSION Assessment of ADC kinetics at regular intervals throughout RT is potentially able to predict the response to RT and oncologic outcome. Further studies with larger cohorts and multi-institutional data are needed for validation of our results.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- D El-Habashy
- MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; Faculty of medicine, Menoufia university, Egypt, Shebin Elkom, Egypt
| | - K A Wahid
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - R He
- MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Y Ding
- Department of Radiation Physics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - J Wang
- Department of Radiation Physics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - K Preston
- MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | | | - M Naser
- MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | | | - M Abobakr
- MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - M A Shehata
- Faculty of medicine, Menoufia university, Egypt, Shebin Elkom, Egypt
| | - E Elkhouly
- Menoufia University, Shebin Elkom, Al Minufiy, Egypt
| | - H Alagizy
- Faculty of medicine, Menoufia university, Egypt, Shebin Elkom, Egypt
| | - A H Hegazy
- Faculty of medicine, Menoufia university, Egypt, Shebin Elkom, Egypt
| | - C D Fuller
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - A S Mohamed
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Harding JL, Wang Y, McDonald B, Gander JC, Oviedo SA, Ali MK. Disruption to routine diabetes care processes during the pandemic: evidence from a large integrated health system in the Southeast United States. BMJ Open Diabetes Res Care 2023; 11:e003466. [PMID: 37433697 DOI: 10.1136/bmjdrc-2023-003466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 07/13/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION We investigated the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on annual adherence to seven diabetes care guidelines and risk factor management among people with diabetes. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS We included all adults (aged ≥18 years) with prevalent diabetes as of 1 January 2018, who were continuously enrolled at Kaiser Permanente Georgia (KPGA) through 31 December 2021 (n=22 854). Prevalent diabetes was defined as a history of at least one of a diagnosis code for diabetes, use of antihyperglycemic medication, or at least one laboratory value of HbA1c, fasting plasma glucose or random glucose in the diabetic range. We defined pre-COVID (2018-2019) and during COVID (2020-2021) cohorts. Cohort-specific laboratory measurements (ie, blood pressure (BP), HbA1c, cholesterol, creatinine, urine-albumin-creatinine ratio (UACR)) and procedures (ie, eye and foot examinations) were determined from KPGA's electronic medical record data. We used logistic generalized estimating equations (GEE), adjusted for baseline age, to assess the within-subject change in guideline adherence (ie, at least one measurement per year per period) from pre-COVID to during COVID era overall, and by age, sex, and race. Linear GEE compared mean laboratory measurements pre and during COVID. RESULTS The proportion of adults meeting each of the seven diabetes care guidelines decreased significantly during (vs pre) COVID (range in absolute reductions: -0.8% to -11.2%) with greatest reductions seen for BP (-11.2%) and cholesterol (-8.8%). Declines were similar across age, sex, and race subgroups. Average HbA1c and systolic BP increased 0.11% and 1.6 mmHg, respectively, while low-density lipoprotein cholesterol declined 8.9 mg/dL. The proportion of adults at high risk of kidney disease (ie, UACR ≥300 mg/g) increased from 6.5% to 9.4%. CONCLUSIONS In an integrated healthcare system, the proportion of people with diabetes meeting guideline-recommended screenings decreased during the pandemic, coinciding with worsening glucose, kidney, and (some) cardiovascular risk profiles. Follow-up is needed to assess the long-term implications of these care gaps.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jessica L Harding
- Department of Surgery, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, Rollins School of Public Health, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Yanan Wang
- Department of Surgery, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Rollins School of Public Health, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Bennett McDonald
- Center for Research and Evaluation, Kaiser Permanente Georgia, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Jennifer C Gander
- Center for Research and Evaluation, Kaiser Permanente Georgia, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Sofia A Oviedo
- Department of Surgery, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, Rollins School of Public Health, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Mohammed K Ali
- Family and Preventive Medicine; Hubert Department of Global Health, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
McCracken CE, Gander JC, McDonald B, Goodrich GK, Tavel HM, Basra S, Weinfield NS, Ritzwoller DP, Roblin DW, Davis TL. Impact of COVID-19 on Trends in Outpatient Clinic Utilization: A Tale of 2 Departments. Med Care 2023; 61:S4-S11. [PMID: 36893413 PMCID: PMC9994570 DOI: 10.1097/mlr.0000000000001812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The COVID-19 pandemic forced many US health care organizations to shift from mostly in-person care to a hybrid of virtual visits (VV) and in-person visits (IPV). While there was an expected and immediate shift to virtual care (VC) early in the pandemic, little is known about trends in VC use after restrictions eased. METHODS This is a retrospective study using data from 3 health care systems. All completed visits from adult primary care (APC) and behavioral health (BH) were extracted from the electronic health record of adults aged 19 years and older from January 1, 2019 to June 30, 2021. Standardized weekly visit rates were calculated by department and site and analyzed using time series analysis. RESULTS There was an immediate decrease in APC visits following the onset of the pandemic. IPV were quickly replaced by VV such that VV accounted for most APC visits early in the pandemic. By 2021, VV rates declined, and VC visits accounted for <50% of all APC visits. By Spring 2021, all 3 health care systems saw a resumption of APC visits as rates neared or returned to prepandemic levels. In contrast, BH visit rates remained constant or slightly increased. By April 2020, almost all BH visits were being delivered virtually at each of the 3 sites and continue to do so without changes to utilization. CONCLUSIONS VC use peaked during the early pandemic period. While rates of VC are higher than prepandemic levels, IPV are the predominant visit type in APC. In contrast, VC use has sustained in BH, even after restrictions eased.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Bennett McDonald
- Center for Research and Evaluation, Kaiser Permanente Georgia, Atlanta, GA
| | - Glenn K. Goodrich
- Institute for Health Research, Kaiser Permanente Colorado, Aurora, CO
| | - Heather M. Tavel
- Institute for Health Research, Kaiser Permanente Colorado, Aurora, CO
| | - Sundeep Basra
- Mid-Atlantic Permanente Research Institute, Kaiser Permanente Mid-Atlantic States, Rockville, MD
| | - Nancy S. Weinfield
- Mid-Atlantic Permanente Research Institute, Kaiser Permanente Mid-Atlantic States, Rockville, MD
| | | | - Douglas W. Roblin
- Mid-Atlantic Permanente Research Institute, Kaiser Permanente Mid-Atlantic States, Rockville, MD
| | - Teaniese L. Davis
- Center for Research and Evaluation, Kaiser Permanente Georgia, Atlanta, GA
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Owen-Smith AA, McDonald B, Sesay MM, Simon GE, McCracken CE. Depression Treatment Initiation Among Patients With Versus Without Chronic Pain. Psychosom Med 2023; 85:260-265. [PMID: 36917479 PMCID: PMC10073325 DOI: 10.1097/psy.0000000000001184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/16/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to examine the extent to which the presence of chronic noncancer pain (CNCP) impacts the likelihood that patients with diagnoses of depression will initiate depression treatment compared with those without CNCP. METHODS We performed a retrospective cohort study of Kaiser Permanente of Georgia members older than 18 years who received a diagnosis of depression. Demographics and medical history were extracted from the electronic health record database. Members were further classified by the presence or absence of a CNCP diagnosis. Outcomes of interest were treated as time dependent and included ( 1 ) time to fulfillment of a new antidepressant medication and ( 2 ) time to a follow-up mental health encounter. Outcomes were compared between members with and without a CNCP diagnosis using Kaplan-Meier survival curves and Cox proportional hazard regression models. RESULTS During the study period, 22,996 members met the inclusion criteria and 27.4% had a diagnosis of CNCP. In the matched sample, there was no difference in the time to a new antidepressant fill among members with and without CNCP (hazard ratio = 0.96; 95% confidence interval = 0.90-1.02; p = .18). In contrast, members with CNCP were significantly less likely to have a new mental health encounter after diagnosis (hazard ratio = 0.87; 95% confidence interval = 0.81-0.94; p < .001). CONCLUSIONS Patients with CNCP were significantly less likely to have a new mental health encounter after a depression diagnosis compared with patients without CNCP. Additional outreach and consideration may be needed to improve initiation of depression treatment for newly diagnosed patients with comorbid depression and CNCP.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ashli A Owen-Smith
- From the Department of Health Policy and Behavioral Sciences (Owen-Smith), Georgia State University School of Public Health; Kaiser Permanente Georgia, Center for Research and Evaluation (Owen-Smith, McDonald, Sesay, McCracken), Atlanta, Georgia; and Kaiser Permanente Washington, Health Research Institute (Simon), Washington, DC
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
10
|
Roblin DW, Rubenstein KB, Tavel HM, Goodrich GK, Ritzwoller DP, Certa JM, Basra SS, Weinfield NS, Cromwell LA, McDonald B, Davis TL, Gander JC, McCracken CE. Development of a Common Data Model for a Multisite and Multiyear Study of Virtual Visit Implementation: A Case Study. Med Care 2023; 61:S54-S61. [PMID: 36893419 PMCID: PMC9994571 DOI: 10.1097/mlr.0000000000001834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVE In multisite studies, a common data model (CDM) standardizes dataset organization, variable definitions, and variable code structures and can support distributed data processing. We describe the development of a CDM for a study of virtual visit implementation in 3 Kaiser Permanente (KP) regions. METHODS We conducted several scoping reviews to inform our study's CDM design: (1) virtual visit mode, implementation timing, and scope (targeted clinical conditions and departments); and (2) extant sources of electronic health record data to specify study measures. Our study covered the period from 2017 through June 2021. Integrity of the CDM was assessed by a chart review of random samples of virtual and in-person visits, overall and by specific conditions of interest (neck or back pain, urinary tract infection, major depression). RESULTS The scoping reviews identified a need to address differences in virtual visit programs across the 3 KP regionsto harmonize measurement specifications for our research analyses. The final CDM contained patient-level, provider-level, and system-level measures on 7,476,604 person-years for KP members aged 19 years and above. Utilization included 2,966,112 virtual visits (synchronous chats, telephone visits, video visits) and 10,004,195 in-person visits. Chart review indicated the CDM correctly identified visit mode on>96% (n=444) of visits, and presenting diagnosis on >91% (n=482) of visits. CONCLUSIONS Upfront design and implementation of CDMs may be resource intensive. Once implemented, CDMs, like the one we developed for our study, provide downstream programming and analytic efficiencies by harmonizing, in a consistent framework, otherwise idiosyncratic temporal and study site differences in source data.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Douglas W. Roblin
- Kaiser Permanente, Mid-Atlantic Permanente Research Institute, Rockville, MD
| | - Kevin B. Rubenstein
- Kaiser Permanente, Mid-Atlantic Permanente Research Institute, Rockville, MD
| | | | | | | | - Julia M. Certa
- Kaiser Permanente, Mid-Atlantic Permanente Research Institute, Rockville, MD
| | - Sundeep S. Basra
- Kaiser Permanente, Mid-Atlantic Permanente Research Institute, Rockville, MD
| | - Nancy S. Weinfield
- Kaiser Permanente, Mid-Atlantic Permanente Research Institute, Rockville, MD
| | - Lee A. Cromwell
- Kaiser Permanente, Center for Research and Evaluation, Atlanta, GA
| | - Bennett McDonald
- Kaiser Permanente, Center for Research and Evaluation, Atlanta, GA
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
11
|
Schlechte JM, Zucoloto AZ, Yu IL, Doig CJ, Dunbar MJ, McCoy KD, McDonald B. A46 ENTEROBACTERIACEAE ENRICHMENT IN THE GUT MICROBIOME OF CRITICALLY ILL PATIENTS PROMOTES IMMUNE DYSFUNCTION AND SUSCEPTIBILITY TO NOSOCOMIAL INFECTIONS. J Can Assoc Gastroenterol 2023. [PMCID: PMC9991263 DOI: 10.1093/jcag/gwac036.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/09/2023] Open
Abstract
NOT PUBLISHED AT AUTHOR’S REQUEST
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J M Schlechte
- Department of Critical Care Medicine,Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases
| | - A Z Zucoloto
- Department of Critical Care Medicine,Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases,Department of Physiology and Pharmacology
| | - I -L Yu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine,Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases
| | - C J Doig
- Department of Critical Care Medicine,Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases,Department of Community Health Sciences
| | - M J Dunbar
- Alberta Children’s Hospital Research Institute,Department of Pediatrics, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
| | - K D McCoy
- Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases,Department of Physiology and Pharmacology
| | - B McDonald
- Department of Critical Care Medicine,Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Callejas BE, Flanigan K, Schlechte J, Sousa JA, Wang A, McDonald B, Paniconne R, McKay DM. A29 HIGH DIMENSIONAL SINGLE CELL ANALYSIS OF IL-4 TREATED MACROPHAGES REVEALS A HETEROGENIC PHENOTYPE AND THE ABSENCE OF CD206+ SUBSETS IN CROHN'S DISEASE PATIENTS. J Can Assoc Gastroenterol 2023. [PMCID: PMC9991349 DOI: 10.1093/jcag/gwac036.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Individuals with IBD have a reduced quality of life and while treatment has improved, a cure remains elusive. Interleukin-4 differentiated macrophages (M(IL4)s) from healthy donors and IBD patients in remission promote epithelial wound repair and reduce the severity of colitis in a mouse model: findings that support the autologous transfer of M(IL4)s to treat IBD. However, issues remain if this novel therapy is to advance to clinical evaluation: a much greater understanding of the possible heterogeneity within the human M(IL4) population, the biology of any sub-groups therein and the biology of any M(IL4) subtypes is needed. Purpose To determine if cryopreservation, sex, and disease status in Crohn's disease (CD) impact the phenotype and function of M(IL4) Method Blood mononuclear cells were collected from healthy donors, and individuals with active CD or in remission (n=6/group), and differentiated to macrophages with GMP-grade recombinant human M-CSF (10 ng/ml, 7 days). Macrophages (2.5 x105) were activated with IL-4 (10ng/ml, 48h). Fresh and cryopreserved M(0) and M(IL4) were stained using a panel of 18 metal-conjugated antibodies. Data were acquired on a Helios CyTOFII mass cytometer. FCS files were imported into Cytobank for manual gating (viable CD45+CD3-CD19- singlet cell events) and exported for meta-clustering in R with the CATALYST package using the FlowSOM function with 10 metaclusters. Result(s) FlowSOM analysis on M(IL4) from healthy donors indicated clear differences between M(0) and M(IL4), with 8 metaclusters >1.5% of M(IL4)s: the most abundant metaclusters express high and intermediate CD206, PDL1, CD11b, CD33, CD64, HLA-DR and low CD14 levels. There were no significant differences in these M(IL4)s metaclusters between males and females, or fresh vs. cryopreserved cells using this characterization strategy. M(IL4) from patients with active CD, were markedly different with the absence of three high-intermediate CD206+PDL1+ metaclusters and a general lack of CD206+ metaclusters compared to healthy controls. Surprisingly, and despite M(IL4)s from CD patients in remission showing increased CD206 mRNA, CYTOF analysis revealed that the macrophages were more similar to those from individuals with active disease than those from healthy controls Conclusion(s) Here human macrophages activated with IL4 in vitro are revealed as a heterogeneous population, and subsets characterized by increased high CD206 expression are generally absent in active Crohn’s disease. Intriguing while prior experiments with M(IL4) from CD patients in remission reduced the severity of colitis in rag1-/- mice, the characterization of these cells via 18 protein markers indicates they are more like M(IL4)s from patients with active disease compared to healthy controls. While presenting autologous M(IL4) transfer as a novel approach for IBD, a much fuller understanding of the phenotype and function of M(IL4)s (and sub-populations therein) is required before this would become a therapeutic option Please acknowledge all funding agencies by checking the applicable boxes below CAG Disclosure of Interest None Declared
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- B E Callejas
- Gastrointestinal Research Group, Inflammation Research Network, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, The Calvin Phoebe and Joan Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases, University of Calgary
| | - K Flanigan
- Gastrointestinal Research Group, Inflammation Research Network, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, The Calvin Phoebe and Joan Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases, University of Calgary
| | - J Schlechte
- Gastrointestinal Research Group, Inflammation Research Network, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, The Calvin Phoebe and Joan Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases, University of Calgary
| | - J A Sousa
- Gastrointestinal Research Group, Inflammation Research Network, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, The Calvin Phoebe and Joan Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases, University of Calgary
| | - A Wang
- Gastrointestinal Research Group, Inflammation Research Network, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, The Calvin Phoebe and Joan Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases, University of Calgary
| | - B McDonald
- Gastrointestinal Research Group, Inflammation Research Network, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, The Calvin Phoebe and Joan Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases, University of Calgary
| | - R Paniconne
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
| | - D M McKay
- Gastrointestinal Research Group, Inflammation Research Network, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, The Calvin Phoebe and Joan Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases, University of Calgary
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Malhotra N, Wu W, So D, Boodhwani M, McDonald B, Wilson B, Toeg H, Chong A, Mielniczuk L, Stadnick E, Lamacie M, McGuinty C, Rubens F, LeMay M, Labinaz M, Chih S. SINGLE CENTRE COMPARISON OF PATIENTS MANAGED BY A CODE SHOCK TEAM VERSUS STANDARD OF CARE. Can J Cardiol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cjca.2022.08.123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
|
14
|
Harding J, Patel S, Davis T, Patzer R, McDonald B, Walker-Williams D, Jagannathan R, Teunis L, Gander J. Study Protocol: A Mixed-Methods Study for Understanding Racial Disparities in COVID-19-Related Complications. JMIR Res Protoc 2022; 11:e38914. [PMID: 36166652 PMCID: PMC9555818 DOI: 10.2196/38914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2022] [Revised: 09/02/2022] [Accepted: 09/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background In the United States, the COVID-19 pandemic has magnified the disproportionate and long-standing health disparities experienced by Black communities. Although it is acknowledged that social determinants of health (SDOH) rather than biological factors likely contribute to this disparity, few studies using rigorous analytic approaches in large, information-rich community-based data sets are dedicated to understanding the underlying drivers of these racial disparities. Objective The overall aim of our study is to elucidate the mechanisms by which racial disparities in severe COVID-19 outcomes arise, using both quantitative and qualitative methods. Methods In this protocol, we outline a convergent parallel mixed methods approach to identifying, quantifying, and contextualizing factors that contribute to the dramatic disparity in COVID-19 severity (ie, hospitalization, mortality) in Black versus white COVID-19 patients within the integrated health care system of Kaiser Permanente Georgia (KPGA). Toward this end, we will generate two quantitative cohorts of KPGA members with a confirmed COVID-19 diagnosis between January 1, 2020, and September 30, 2021: (1) an electronic medical record (EMR) cohort including routinely captured data on diagnoses, medications, and laboratory values, and a subset of patients hospitalized at Emory Healthcare to capture additional in-hospital data; and (2) a survey cohort, where participants will answer a range of questions related to demographics (eg, race, education), usual health behaviors (eg, physical activity, smoking), impact of COVID-19 (eg, job loss, caregiving responsibilities), and medical mistrust. Key outcomes of interest for these two cohorts include hospitalization, mortality, intensive care unit admission, hospital readmission, and long COVID-19. Finally, we will conduct qualitative semistructured interviews to capture perceptions of and experiences of being hospitalized with COVID-19 as well as related interactions with KPGA health care providers. We will analyze and interpret the quantitative and qualitative data separately, and then integrate the qualitative and quantitative findings using a triangulation design approach. Results This study has been funded by a Woodruff Health Sciences grant from December 2020 to December 2022. As of August 31, 2022, 31,500 KPGA members diagnosed with COVID-19 have been included in the EMR cohort, including 3028 who were hospitalized at Emory Healthcare, and 482 KPGA members completed the survey. In addition, 20 KPGA members (10 Black and 10 white) have been interviewed about their experiences navigating care with COVID-19. Quantitative and qualitative data cleaning and coding have been completed. Data analysis is underway with results anticipated to be published in December 2022. Conclusions Results from this mixed methods pilot study in a diverse integrated care setting in the southeastern United States will provide insights into the mechanisms underpinning racial disparities in COVID-19 complications. The quantitative and qualitative data will provide important context to generate hypotheses around the mechanisms for racial disparities in COVID-19, and may help to inform the development of multilevel strategies to reduce the burden of racial disparities in COVID-19 and its ongoing sequelae. Incorporating contextual information, elucidated from qualitative interviews, will increase the efficacy, adoption, and sustainability of such strategies. International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID) RR1-10.2196/38914
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Harding
- Department of Surgery, Emory University, 101 Woodruff Circle Suite 1019, Atlanta, US
| | - Shivani Patel
- Hubert Department of Global Health, Emory University, Atlanta, US
| | | | - Rachel Patzer
- Department of Surgery, Emory University, 101 Woodruff Circle Suite 1019, Atlanta, US
| | | | | | | | - Larissa Teunis
- Department of Surgery, Emory University, 101 Woodruff Circle Suite 1019, Atlanta, US
| | | |
Collapse
|
15
|
Chehrazi-Raffle A, Muddasani R, Dizman N, Hsu J, Meza L, Zengin Z, Malhotra J, Chawla N, Lyou Y, Dorff T, Contente-Cuomo T, Dinwiddie D, McDonald B, Trent J, Murtaza M, Pal S. 1479P Ultra-sensitive circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) assay distinguishes partial response (PR) and complete response (CR) with immunotherapy in metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC). Ann Oncol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2022.07.1582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
|
16
|
Wahid K, Ahmed S, He R, van Dijk L, Teuwen J, McDonald B, Salama V, Mohamed A, Salzillo T, Dede C, Taku N, Lai S, Fuller C, Naser M. Auto-Segmentation of Oropharyngeal Cancer Primary Tumors Using Multiparametric MRI-Based Deep Learning. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2021.12.072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
|
17
|
Eleftheriadou V, Atkar R, Batchelor J, McDonald B, Novakovic L, Patel JV, Ravenscroft J, Rush E, Shah D, Shah R, Shaw L, Thompson AR, Hashme M, Exton LS, Mohd Mustapa MF, Manounah L. British Association of Dermatologists guidelines for the management of people with vitiligo 2021. Br J Dermatol 2021; 186:18-29. [PMID: 34160061 DOI: 10.1111/bjd.20596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- V Eleftheriadou
- Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Mindelsohn Way, Birmingham, B15 2TH, UK
| | - R Atkar
- Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - J Batchelor
- Centre for Evidence Based Dermatology, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, NG7 2NR, UK
| | - B McDonald
- The Royal London Hospital, Whitechapel Road, Whitechapel, London, E1 1FR, UK
| | - L Novakovic
- Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Department of Dermatology, Lewisham and Greenwich NHS Trust, London, SE18 4QH, UK.,St John's Institute of Dermatology, Department of Photodermatology, Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, SE1 9RT, UK
| | | | | | - E Rush
- Patient representative.,Vitiligo Support UK, London, UK
| | - D Shah
- Amersham Hospital, Amersham, HP7 0JD, UK
| | - R Shah
- Central & North West London NHS Trust, London, NW1 2PL, UK.,British Psychological Society, Leicester, LE1 7DR, UK
| | - L Shaw
- Bristol Royal Infirmary, Bristol, BS2 8HW, UK
| | - A R Thompson
- British Psychological Society, Leicester, LE1 7DR, UK.,South Wales Clinical Psychology Training, Cardiff University, Cardiff, CF10 3AT, UK
| | - M Hashme
- British Association of Dermatologists, Willan House, London, W1T 5HQ, UK
| | - L S Exton
- British Association of Dermatologists, Willan House, London, W1T 5HQ, UK
| | - M F Mohd Mustapa
- British Association of Dermatologists, Willan House, London, W1T 5HQ, UK
| | - L Manounah
- British Association of Dermatologists, Willan House, London, W1T 5HQ, UK
| | | |
Collapse
|
18
|
Dilawari A, Rentscher KE, Zhai W, Zhou X, Ahles TA, Ahn J, Bethea TN, Carroll JE, Cohen HJ, Graham DA, Jim H, McDonald B, Nakamura ZM, Patel SK, Root JC, Small BJ, Saykin AJ, Tometich D, Van Dyk K, Mandelblatt JS. Medical Care Disruptions During the First Six-Months of the COVID19 Pandemic: The Experience of Older Breast Cancer Survivors. Res Sq 2021. [PMID: 33880464 PMCID: PMC8057243 DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-416077/v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Purpose. Older cancer survivors required medical care during the COVID-19 pandemic despite infection risks, but there are limited data on medical care in this age group. Methods. We evaluated care disruptions in a longitudinal cohort of non-metastatic breast cancer survivors ages 60–98 from five US regions (n=321). Survivors completed a web-based or telephone survey from May 27, 2020 to September 11, 2020. Care disruptions included self-reported interruptions in ability to see doctors, receive treatment or supportive therapies, or fill prescriptions. Logistic regression models evaluated bivariate and multivariate associations between care disruptions and education, medical, psychosocial and COVID-19-related factors. Multivariate models included age, county COVID-19 rates, comorbidity and post-diagnosis time. Results. There was a high response rate (n=262, 81.6%). Survivors were 32.2 months post-diagnosis (SD 17.5, range 4–73). Nearly half (48%) reported a medical disruption. The unadjusted odds of care disruptions were significantly higher with more education (OR 1.23 per one-year increase, 95% CI 1.09–1.39, p =0.001) and greater depression (OR 1.04 per one-point increase in CES-D score, CI 1.003–1.08, p=0.033); tangible support decreased the odds of disruptions (OR 0.99, 95% CI 0.97–0.99 per one-point increase, p=0.012). There was a trend for associations between disruptions and comorbidity (unadjusted OR 1.13 per 1 added comorbidity, 95% CI 0.99–1.29, p=0.07). Adjusting for covariates, only higher education (p=0.001) and tangible social support (p=0.006) remained significantly associated with having care disruptions. Conclusions. Older breast cancer survivors reported high rates of medical care disruptions during the COVID-19 pandemic and psychosocial factors were associated with care disruptions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A Dilawari
- Medstar Washington Hospital Center Washington, DC.,Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University, Washington, DC
| | - K E Rentscher
- Cousins Center for Psychoneuroimmunology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA.,Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, Department of Psychiatry & Biobehavioral Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA
| | - W Zhai
- Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University, Washington, DC.,Department of Biostatistics, Bioinformatics, and Biomathematics, Georgetown University, Washington, DC
| | - X Zhou
- Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University, Washington, DC.,Department of Biostatistics, Bioinformatics, and Biomathematics, Georgetown University, Washington, DC
| | - T A Ahles
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - J Ahn
- Cousins Center for Psychoneuroimmunology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA
| | - T N Bethea
- Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University, Washington, DC
| | - J E Carroll
- Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, Department of Psychiatry & Biobehavioral Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA.,Department of Biostatistics, Bioinformatics, and Biomathematics, Georgetown University, Washington, DC
| | - H J Cohen
- Center for the Study of Aging and Human Development, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC
| | - D A Graham
- John Theurer Cancer Center, Hackensack University Medical Center, Hackensack, NJ
| | - Hsl Jim
- Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL
| | - B McDonald
- Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Indiana University School of Medicine and Indiana University Melvin and Bren Simon Cancer Center, Indianapolis, IN
| | - Z M Nakamura
- Department of Psychiatry, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC
| | - S K Patel
- City of Hope National Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA
| | - J C Root
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - B J Small
- University of South Florida, Tampa, FL
| | - A J Saykin
- Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Indiana University School of Medicine and Indiana University Melvin and Bren Simon Cancer Center, Indianapolis, IN
| | | | - K Van Dyk
- Department of Biostatistics, Bioinformatics, and Biomathematics, Georgetown University, Washington, DC
| | - J S Mandelblatt
- Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University, Washington, DC
| | | |
Collapse
|
19
|
SIMMS E, Chung H, Oberding L, Muruve D, McDonald B, Bromley A, Pillai D, Chun J. POS-210 POST-MORTEM MOLECULAR INVESTIGATIONS OF SARS-COV-2 IN AN UNEXPECTED DEATH OF A RECENT KIDNEY TRANSPLANT RECIPIENT. Kidney Int Rep 2021. [PMCID: PMC8049651 DOI: 10.1016/j.ekir.2021.03.223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
|
20
|
Brock K, Ohrt A, Cazoulat G, McCulloch M, Balter P, Ohrt J, Svensson S, Nilsson R, Andersson S, Mohamed A, Bahig H, Ding Y, Wang J, McDonald B, Yang J, Vedam S, Elgohari B, Sen A, Fuller C. PO-1642: CBCT Padding for Full Field of View Daily Dose Accumulation and Head and Neck Adaptive Radiotherapy. Radiother Oncol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(21)01660-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
|
21
|
Bennett R, Horne K, Datoc A, McDonald B, Lashley L. A-05 Self-Reported Symptomatology in Athletes with Autism Diagnosis. Arch Clin Neuropsychol 2020. [DOI: 10.1093/arclin/acaa036.05] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Objective
To examine the relationship between athletes with and without Autism diagnosis and self-reported symptoms as measured by ImPACT.
Method
Participants were selected from an archival de-identified sports medicine ImPACT database. The sample (N = 232) was primarily male (72.4%) student athletes with a mean age of 15.41 years (SD = 1.292). Participants were divided into two groups: Autism diagnosis (n = 130); No diagnosis (n = 102). An independent samples t-test was conducted to analyze the variation of self-reported symptoms between athletes with and without an Autism diagnosis.
Results
The independent samples t-test revealed significant differences between diagnostic groups and self-reported cognitive (t = 5.832, p < .001, d = .72); sleep (t = 4.040, p < .001, d = .51); vestibular somatic (t = 4.154, p < .001, d = .53); and affective symptomatology (t = 3.988, p < .001, d = .51). Athletes with a diagnosis of Autism reported more symptoms overall in comparison to athletes without a diagnosis.
Conclusions
These findings suggest that prior psychological diagnoses play a significant role in symptom scores; however, the degree to which these symptoms can be attributed to the diagnosis itself or the concussion is unknown. It should be noted that individuals who have been diagnosed with Autism may already be at an increased risk of sleep difficulties, emotional regulation, and sensory stimulation within the environment. Therefore, differentiating the symptom scores from preexisting symptoms of Autism from a concussion can be beneficial when helping athletes return to play.
Collapse
|
22
|
Lopez Palacios D, Lopez A, McDonald B, Golden C, Amen D, Willeumier K, Taylor D. B-41 SPECT Differences between Obsessive Compulsive Disorder and Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD). Arch Clin Neuropsychol 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/arclin/acz034.124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Objective
To assess whether diagnosed Obsessive Compulsive Disorder (OCD) and Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) interactively alter brain activity, as measured by a Single Photon Emission Computed Tomography (SPECT) imaging.
Method
The sample included adults diagnosed with OCD (n = 915) with a mean age of 34.65 and predominantly male (68.6%) and adults with PTSD (n = 1,481) which had a mean age of 41.33 and was predominantly female (57.2%). Significant differences were observed for gender . Multiple ANCOVAs were conducted to determine differences between cerebral blood flow (CBF)in 17 different brain regions.
Results
Results showed hyper-perfusion in the PTSD group as compared to the OCD group in the pariental L/R[F(1,2393) = 6.47,p < 0.01/F(1,2393) = 12.31,p < .01], motor sensory L/R[F(1,2393) = 19.33,p < .001/F(1,2393) = 17.32,p < .01] and temporal left [F(1,2393) = 12.49,p < .01].
Conclusion
Significantly higher rCBF in the pariental and motor sensory for OCD individuals may be due to visual-constructive and controlled fluency which are usually associated with compulsion. Due to the hyperalert nature related with OCD rituals, these areas are more active when compared to PTSD. Hyperfusion was reported for PTSD in the left temporal lobe compared to OCD, this region is usually associated with registering potential threasts in the environment. This can be explained by the hypervigilant conduct seen in individuals with PTSD. Overall, it appears that individuals with OCD struggle with continual inability to inhibit repetitive thoughts and behaviors due to the over activation in the motor sensory and parietal region. Alternatively, the activation in PTSD individuals can be a result of a way to help them cope with threats in the environment.
Collapse
|
23
|
McDonald B, Lopez A, Lopez-Palacios D, Golden C, Amen D, Willeumier K, Taylor D. B-08 Cerebral Blood Flow Differences at Baseline Between Cortical Regions in Tic Disorders Population. Arch Clin Neuropsychol 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/arclin/acz034.91] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Objective
To identify CBF differences between individuals with Tic Disorder and healthy controls.
Methods
The data for this study was acquired from a de-identified archival Single-Photon Emission Computed Tomography (SPECT) database. The sample included a healthy control group (n = 83,age M = 42.02,54.22% female) and a second group included individuals diagnosed with Tic Disorder (n = 177,age M = 33.54,83.05% male). Significant differences were found for gender [χ(2) = 41.16,p < .001] between groups. As a result, ANCOVAs were conducted to measure CBF differences across the brain using SPECT scans between the two groups while controlling for gender.
Results
Results showed significant differences between the two groups and perfusion in 4 brain regions. Hypo-perfusion in the Tic Disorder group was observed in the right basal ganglia [F(1,260) = 30.959,p < .001] and left [F(1,260) = 32.16,p < .001]. Hyper-perfusion was found in the right cerebellum [F(1,260) = 16.63,p < .001], and left [F(1,260) = 22.17,p < .001] in the same group.
Conclusion
Results indicate that individuals with tic disorders have diminished CBF than healthy controls in both sides of the basal ganglia. This contrasts previous studies, which have shown that individuals with tic disorders have more CBF in the basal ganglia. Further research is needed to understand this inconsistency; a possible explanation is that there is an inhibiting effect on the basal ganglia. Increased CBF in both sides of the cerebellum supports previous research as this cortical area has been shown to have connections with the basal ganglia, activating the pathway that trigger the motor tics. Tic disorders are usually associated with other comorbidities therefore the sample may have other diagnoses that affect blood flow. Future research should control for potential comorbidities.
Collapse
|
24
|
Warren J, Nanayakkara S, Andrianopoulos N, Brennan A, Dinh D, Yudi M, Clark D, Ajani AE, Reid CM, Selkrig L, Shaw J, Hiew C, Freeman M, Kaye D, Kingwell BA, Dart AM, Duffy SJ, Reid C, Andrianopoulos N, Brennan A, Dinh D, Reid C, Ajani A, Duffy S, Clark D, Freeman M, Hiew C, Andrianopoulos N, Oqueli E, Brennan A, Duffy S, Shaw J, Walton A, Dart A, Broughton A, Federman J, Keighley C, Hengel C, Peter K, Stub D, Chan W, Warren J, O’Brien J, Selkrig L, Huntington R, Clark D, Farouque O, Horrigan M, Johns J, Oliver L, Brennan J, Chan R, Proimos G, Dortimer T, Chan B, Nadurata V, Huq R, Fernando D, Al-Fiadh A, Yudi M, Sugumar H, Ramchand J, Han H, Picardo S, Brown L, Oqueli E, Hengel C, Sharma A, Zhu B, Ryan N, Harrison T, New G, Roberts L, Freeman M, Rowe M, Proimos G, Cheong Y, Goods C, Fernando D, Teh A, Parfrey S, Ramzy J, Koshy A, Venkataraman P, Flannery D, Hiew C, Sebastian M, Yip T, Mok M, Jaworski C, Hutchinson A, Cimenkaya C, Ngu P, Khialani B, Salehi H, Turner M, Dyson J, McDonald B, Van Den Nouwelant D, Halliburton K, Reid C, Andrianopoulos N, Brennan A, Dinh D, Yan B, Ajani A, Warren R, Eccleston D, Lefkovits J, Iyer R, Gurvitch R, Wilson W, Brooks M, Biswas S, Yeoh J. Impact of Pre-Procedural Blood Pressure on Long-Term Outcomes Following Percutaneous Coronary Intervention. J Am Coll Cardiol 2019; 73:2846-2855. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jacc.2019.03.493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2019] [Revised: 03/06/2019] [Accepted: 03/07/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
|
25
|
Fallon EA, Stephens RL, McDonald B, Diefenbach M, Leach CR. Disentangling Efficacy and Expectations: A Prospective, Cross-lagged Panel Study of Cancer Survivors' Physical Activity. Ann Behav Med 2019; 53:138-149. [PMID: 29688245 DOI: 10.1093/abm/kay022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Despite demonstrated utility of Bandura's social cognitive theory for increasing physical activity among cancer survivors, the validity of the originally hypothesized relationships among self-efficacy, outcome expectations, and physical activity behavior continues to be debated. Purpose To explore the temporal ordering of outcome expectations and self-efficacy as they relate to moderate-to-vigorous physical activity behavior. Methods Longitudinal data from cancer survivors (N = 1,009) recently completing treatment were used to fit six cross-lagged panel models, including one parent model, one model representing originally hypothesized variable relationships, and four alternative models. All models contained covariates and used full information maximum likelihood and weighted least squares mean and variance adjusted estimation. Tests of equal fit between the parent model and alternative models were conducted. Results The model depicting Bandura's originally hypothesized relationships showed no statistically significant relationship between outcome expectations and physical activity (p = .18), and was a worse fit to the data, compared with the parent model [Χ2 (1) = 5.92, p = .01]. An alternative model showed evidence of a reciprocal relationship between self-efficacy and outcome expectations, and was statistically equivalent to the parent model [Χ2(1) = 2.01, p = .16]. Conclusions This study provides evidence against Bandura's theoretical assertions that (a) self-efficacy causes outcome expectations and not vice versa, and (b) outcome expectation has a direct effect on physical activity. Replication within population subgroups and for other health behaviors will determine whether the social cognitive theory needs modification. Future trials should test whether differential construct ordering results in clinically meaningful differences in physical activity behavior change.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth A Fallon
- Behavioral and Epidemiology Research Group at the American Cancer Society, American Cancer Society, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Robert L Stephens
- Statistics and Evaluation Center at the American Cancer Society, American Cancer Society, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Bennett McDonald
- Behavioral and Epidemiology Research Group at the American Cancer Society, American Cancer Society, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Michael Diefenbach
- Department of Medicine & Urology, Northwell Health, Northwell Health, Manhasset, NY, USA
| | - Corinne R Leach
- Behavioral and Epidemiology Research Group at the American Cancer Society, American Cancer Society, Atlanta, GA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Hutson J, Garuba H, Boodhwani M, McDonald B, So D, De Roock S, Ruel M, Stadnick E, Rubens F, Davies R, Le May M, Labinaz M, Bowes B, Mielniczuk L, Chih S. MULTIDISCIPLINARY SHOCK TEAM APPROACH TO MANAGEMENT OF CARDIOGENIC SHOCK. Can J Cardiol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cjca.2018.07.138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022] Open
|
27
|
Attar SG, Fathima A, Hussain S, Pothini R, McDonald B, Wright C, Stewart S, Pirakala K, Bowden S, Lakhani DL. 123ARE NON-PRESCRIBED WALKING AIDS AN INDEPENDENT RISK FACTOR FOR FALLS? Age Ageing 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/ageing/afy126.39] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- S G Attar
- University Hospitals of Leicester, Leicester Royal Infirmary
| | - A Fathima
- University Hospitals of Leicester, Leicester Royal Infirmary
| | - S Hussain
- University Hospitals of Leicester, Leicester Royal Infirmary
| | - R Pothini
- University Hospitals of Leicester, Leicester Royal Infirmary
| | - B McDonald
- University Hospitals of Leicester, Leicester Royal Infirmary
| | - C Wright
- University Hospitals of Leicester, Leicester Royal Infirmary
| | - S Stewart
- University Hospitals of Leicester, Leicester Royal Infirmary
| | - K Pirakala
- University Hospitals of Leicester, Leicester Royal Infirmary
| | - S Bowden
- University Hospitals of Leicester, Leicester Royal Infirmary
| | - D L Lakhani
- University Hospitals of Leicester, Leicester Royal Infirmary
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Barrie K, Cornick A, Debreuil S, Lee E, Hiebert BM, Manji RA, Bienvenu OJ, McDonald B, Singal RK, Arora RC. Patients With a Prolonged Intensive Care Unit Length of Stay Have Decreased Health-Related Quality of Life After Cardiac Surgery. Semin Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2018; 31:21-31. [PMID: 30012367 DOI: 10.1053/j.semtcvs.2018.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2018] [Accepted: 07/06/2018] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Cardiac surgery patients with a prolonged ICU length of stay (prICULOS) have lower rates of functional survival following their procedure, however detailed information on their health related quality of life (HRQoL) is lacking. We sought to investigate the potential need for intervention in these high-risk patients through comprehensive HRQoL assessments in the months to year following their surgery. A prospective, observational pilot study was undertaken and cardiac surgery patients with a prICULOS (ICU length of stay of ≥5 days) were recruited. A control group was obtained through recruitment of cardiac surgery patients with an ICU length of stay of <5 days. In-person clinical or telephone survey HRQoL assessments were completed at 3-6 months and 1-year time points after their procedure. The standardized mean difference (SMD) was calculated for all study variable comparisons to quantify the standardized effect size observed between non-prICULOS and prICULOS patients. 789 cardiac procedures were performed during the study period and 89 patients experienced a prICULOS (10.7%). Of these 89 patients, 35 prICULOS patients were recruited along with 35 controls. 29 out of 35 prICULOS patients completed the study (83%). At the 3-6 month follow up the prICULOS patients had higher levels of weight loss, fear of falling, and driving deficits. At 1-year, prICULOS patients had persistent difficulties with activities of daily living and required more family and external support. This study demonstrates the need for closer follow up and intervention for cardiac surgery patients with a prICULOS who were found to have poorer mid and long-term HRQoL.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- K Barrie
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, St. Boniface Hospital Research Centre, Winnipeg, Manitoba.; Max Rady College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba
| | - A Cornick
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, St. Boniface Hospital Research Centre, Winnipeg, Manitoba
| | - S Debreuil
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, St. Boniface Hospital Research Centre, Winnipeg, Manitoba.; Max Rady College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba
| | - E Lee
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, St. Boniface Hospital Research Centre, Winnipeg, Manitoba
| | - B M Hiebert
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, St. Boniface Hospital Research Centre, Winnipeg, Manitoba
| | - R A Manji
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, St. Boniface Hospital Research Centre, Winnipeg, Manitoba.; Section of Cardiac Surgery, Department of Surgery, Max Rady College of Medicine, University of Manitoba; Section of Critical Care, Department of Medicine, Max Rady College of Medicine University of Manitoba
| | - O J Bienvenu
- John Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - B McDonald
- Cardiac Surgical Intensive Care Unit, Division of Cardiac Anesthesia & Critical Care Medicine, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, Ontario
| | - R K Singal
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, St. Boniface Hospital Research Centre, Winnipeg, Manitoba.; Section of Cardiac Surgery, Department of Surgery, Max Rady College of Medicine, University of Manitoba; Section of Critical Care, Department of Medicine, Max Rady College of Medicine University of Manitoba
| | - R C Arora
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, St. Boniface Hospital Research Centre, Winnipeg, Manitoba.; Section of Cardiac Surgery, Department of Surgery, Max Rady College of Medicine, University of Manitoba; Section of Critical Care, Department of Medicine, Max Rady College of Medicine University of Manitoba..
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Fallon EA, McDonald B, Smith T, Alcaraz KI, Westmaas JL, Patel AV. The Association Between Light Physical Activity and Physical Functioning Among Cancer Survivors. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2018. [DOI: 10.1249/01.mss.0000536317.63779.ff] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
|
30
|
McDonald B, Haardoerfer R, Windle M, Goodman M, Berg C. Implications of Attrition in a Longitudinal Web-Based Survey: An Examination of College Students Participating in a Tobacco Use Study. JMIR Public Health Surveill 2017; 3:e73. [PMID: 29038092 PMCID: PMC5662794 DOI: 10.2196/publichealth.7424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2017] [Revised: 08/15/2017] [Accepted: 09/06/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Web-based survey research has several benefits, including low cost and burden, as well as high use of the Internet, particularly among young adults. In the context of longitudinal studies, attrition raises concerns regarding the validity of data, given the potential associations with individual and institutional characteristics, or the focal area of study (eg, cigarette use). Objectives The objective of this study was to compare baseline characteristics of nonresponders versus responders in a sample of young adult college students in a Web-based longitudinal study regarding tobacco use. Methods We conducted a secondary data analysis of 3189 college students from seven Georgia colleges and universities in a 2-year longitudinal study. We examined baseline tobacco use, as well as individual- and institutional-level factors, as predictors of attrition between wave 1 (October and November 2014) and wave 2 (February and March 2015) using multilevel modeling. Results: A total 13.14% (419/3189) participants were lost to follow-up at wave 2. Predictors of nonresponse were similar in the models examining individual-level factors and institutional-level factors only and included being black versus white (odds ratio [OR] 1.74, CI 1.23-2.46); being male versus female (OR 1.41, CI 1.10-1.79); seeking a bachelor’s degree versus advanced degree (OR 1.41, CI 1.09-1.83); not residing on campus (OR 0.62, CI 0.46-0.84); past 30-day tobacco use (OR 1.41, CI 1.10-1.78); attending a nonprivate college (OR 0.48, CI 0.33-0.71); and attending a college with ≤10,000 students (OR 0.56, CI 0.43-0.73). Conclusions Future longitudinal studies should assess predictors of attrition to examine how survey topic and other individual and institutional factors might influence the response to allow for correction of selection bias.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Carla Berg
- Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Scharf T, McDonald B, Atkins A. DEVELOPING A CIVIC EDUCATION PROGRAMME FOR OLDER PEOPLE: LESSONS FROM IRELAND. Innov Aging 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/geroni/igx004.416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- T. Scharf
- Newcastle University, Newcastle, United Kingdom,
| | - B. McDonald
- National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland,
| | - A. Atkins
- University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Haardörfer R, Berg CJ, Lewis M, Payne J, Pillai D, McDonald B, Windle M. Polytobacco, marijuana, and alcohol use patterns in college students: A latent class analysis. Addict Behav 2016; 59:58-64. [PMID: 27074202 DOI: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2016.03.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2015] [Revised: 02/11/2016] [Accepted: 03/29/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Limited research has examined polysubstance use profiles among young adults focusing on the various tobacco products currently available. We examined use patterns of various tobacco products, marijuana, and alcohol using data from the baseline survey of a multiwave longitudinal study of 3418 students aged 18-25 recruited from seven U.S. college campuses. We assessed sociodemographics, individual-level factors (depression; perceptions of harm and addictiveness,), and sociocontextual factors (parental/friend use). We conducted a latent class analysis and multivariable logistic regression to examine correlates of class membership (Abstainers were referent group). Results indicated five classes: Abstainers (26.1% per past 4-month use), Alcohol only users (38.9%), Heavy polytobacco users (7.3%), Light polytobacco users (17.3%), and little cigar and cigarillo (LCC)/hookah/marijuana co-users (10.4%). The most stable was LCC/hookah/marijuana co-users (77.3% classified as such in past 30-day and 4-month timeframes), followed by Heavy polytobacco users (53.2% classified consistently). Relative to Abstainers, Heavy polytobacco users were less likely to be Black and have no friends using alcohol and perceived harm of tobacco and marijuana use lower. Light polytobacco users were older, more likely to have parents using tobacco, and less likely to have friends using tobacco. LCC/hookah/marijuana co-users were older and more likely to have parents using tobacco. Alcohol only users perceived tobacco and marijuana use to be less socially acceptable, were more likely to have parents using alcohol and friends using marijuana, but less likely to have friends using tobacco. These findings may inform substance use prevention and recovery programs by better characterizing polysubstance use patterns.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Regine Haardörfer
- Department of Behavioral Sciences and Health Education, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, 1518 Clifton Rd NE, Atlanta, GA 30322, United States
| | - Carla J Berg
- Department of Behavioral Sciences and Health Education, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, 1518 Clifton Rd NE, Atlanta, GA 30322, United States.
| | - Michael Lewis
- Department of Marketing, Goizueta Business School, Emory University, 1300 Clifton Road, Atlanta, GA 30322, United States
| | - Jackelyn Payne
- Department of Behavioral Sciences and Health Education, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, 1518 Clifton Rd NE, Atlanta, GA 30322, United States
| | - Drishti Pillai
- Deparment of Health Policy and Management, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, 1518 Clifton Rd NE, Atlanta, GA 30322, United States
| | - Bennett McDonald
- Deparment of Epidemiology, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, 1518 Clifton Rd NE, Atlanta, GA 30322, United States
| | - Michael Windle
- Department of Behavioral Sciences and Health Education, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, 1518 Clifton Rd NE, Atlanta, GA 30322, United States
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Cairncross CT, Stonehouse W, Conlon CA, Grant CC, McDonald B, Houghton LA, Eyles D, Camargo CA, Coad J, von Hurst PR. Predictors of vitamin D status in New Zealand preschool children. Matern Child Nutr 2016; 13. [PMID: 27460693 DOI: 10.1111/mcn.12340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2016] [Revised: 04/26/2016] [Accepted: 04/28/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Vitamin D deficiency has adverse health effects in young children. Our aims were to determine predictors of vitamin D status and then to use these factors to develop a practical tool to predict low 25(OH)D concentrations in preschool New Zealand children. A cross-sectional sample of 1329 children aged 2 to <5 years were enrolled from throughout New Zealand in late-winter to spring 2012. 25-Hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) was measured on dried blood spot (DBS) samples collected using finger-prick sampling. Caregivers completed a questionnaire. Mean (SD) DBS 25(OH)D concentration was 52(19)nmol/L. 25(OH)D < 25 nmol/L was present in 86(7%), 25(OH)D < 50 nmol/L in 642(48%), 25(OH)D 50- < 75 nmol/L in 541(41%) and 25(OH)D > 75 nmol/L in 146(11%) of children. Factors independently associated with the risk of 25(OH)D < 25 nmol/L were female gender (OR 1.92,95%CI 1.17-3.14), other non-European ethnicities (not including Māori or Pacific) (3.51,1.89-6.50), had olive-dark skin colour (4.52,2.22-9.16), did not take vitamin D supplements (2.56,1.06-6.18), had mothers with less than secondary-school qualifications (5.00,2.44-10.21) and lived in more deprived households (1.27,1.06-1.53). Children who drank toddler milk (vitamin D fortified cow's milk formula marketed to young children) had a zero risk of 25(OH)D < 25 nmol/L. The predictive tool identified children at risk of 25(OH)D < 25 nmol/L with sensitivity 42%, specificity 97% and ROC area-under-curve 0.76(95%CI 0.67-0.86, p < 0.001). Predictors of low vitamin D status were consistent with those identified in previous studies of New Zealand children. The tool had insufficient predictive ability for use in clinical situations, and suggests a need to promote safe, inexpensive testing to determine vitamin D status in preschool children.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- C T Cairncross
- School of Food and Nutrition, Massey University, Auckland, New Zealand
| | | | - C A Conlon
- School of Food and Nutrition, Massey University, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - C C Grant
- Department of Paediatrics: Child and Youth Health, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.,General Paediatrics, Starship Children's Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - B McDonald
- Institute of Natural and Mathematical Sciences, Massey University, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - L A Houghton
- Department of Human Nutrition, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - D Eyles
- Queensland Brain Institute, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia.,Queensland Centre for Mental Health Research, Brisbane, Australia
| | - C A Camargo
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
| | - J Coad
- School of Food and Nutrition, Massey University, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - P R von Hurst
- School of Food and Nutrition, Massey University, Auckland, New Zealand
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Berg CJ, Haardörfer R, Schauer G, Betelihem G, Masters M, McDonald B, Shah J, Payne J, Sarmah R, Thomas M, Windle M. Reasons for Polytobacco Use among Young Adults: Scale Development and Validation. Tob Prev Cessat 2016; 2. [PMID: 28111637 PMCID: PMC5242507 DOI: 10.18332/tpc/64238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Limited research has examined reasons for polytobacco use, an increasing public health problem, particularly among young adults. We examined reasons for polytobacco use among users of more than one tobacco product in the past 4 months enrolled in an ongoing six-wave longitudinal study of 3,418 students aged 18-25 from seven US colleges and universities. METHODS An expert panel generated items related to reasons for polytobacco use, included in Wave 3 (administered in Summer 2015). Participants reporting use of more than one tobacco product in the past four months (n=540) were asked to complete the Reasons for Polytobacco Use scale and measures related to tobacco/nicotine use/dependence, use motives, perceptions of tobacco, parental/friend use, other substance use, and mental health. We conducted a factor analysis and then examined convergent and discriminant validity for the derived factors. RESULTS Our sample was an average age of 20.40 (SD=1.84), 48.0% male, and 21.9% Black. Four factors were identified: Instrumentality, Social Context, Displacement, and Experimentation. Instrumentality was the only factor associated with little cigar/cigarillo and marijuana use. Displacement and Social Context showed similar associations; however, Social Context was associated with having friends who used tobacco while Displacement was not. Experimentation was associated with greater perceived addictiveness and harm of using tobacco products as well as greater perceived social acceptability of tobacco use. CONCLUSIONS Each of the four factors identified demonstrated unique convergent and discriminant validity. The use of this scale to characterize polytobacco using young adults may help inform and target cessation or prevention interventions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carla J Berg
- Department of Behavioral Sciences and Health Education, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, 1518 Clifton Rd NE, Atlanta, GA 30322
| | - Regine Haardörfer
- Department of Behavioral Sciences and Health Education, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, 1518 Clifton Rd NE, Atlanta, GA 30322
| | - Gillian Schauer
- Battelle Public Health Center for Tobacco Research, 1100 Dexter Avenue North, Suite 400 Seattle, WA 98109-3598
| | - Getachew Betelihem
- Department of Behavioral Sciences and Health Education, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, 1518 Clifton Rd NE, Atlanta, GA 30322
| | - Matthew Masters
- Department of Behavioral Sciences and Health Education, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, 1518 Clifton Rd NE, Atlanta, GA 30322
| | - Bennett McDonald
- Department of Epidemiology, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, 1518 Clifton Rd NE, Atlanta, GA 30322
| | - Jill Shah
- Department of Health Policy and Management, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, 1518 Clifton Rd NE, Atlanta, GA 30322
| | - Jackelyn Payne
- Department of Behavioral Sciences and Health Education, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, 1518 Clifton Rd NE, Atlanta, GA 30322
| | - Raina Sarmah
- Department of Behavioral Sciences and Health Education, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, 1518 Clifton Rd NE, Atlanta, GA 30322
| | - Matthew Thomas
- ICF Macro, 1725 I (Eye) Street NW, 10th Floor, International, Washington, DC 20006
| | - Michael Windle
- Department of Behavioral Sciences and Health Education, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, 1518 Clifton Rd NE, Atlanta, GA 30322
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Lefevre A, Kegler M, McDonald B, Liang L, Haardöerfer R. Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices Regarding Smoke-Free Policies in Multi-Unit Housing in Georgia. JGPHA 2016. [DOI: 10.21633/jgpha.6.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
|
36
|
Reid D, McDonald B, Khalid T, Vo T, Schenck L, Surette M, Beck P, Reimer R, Probert C, Rioux K, Eksteen B. Unique microbial-derived volatile organic compounds in portal venous circulation in murine non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2016; 1862:1337-44. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2016.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2016] [Revised: 03/15/2016] [Accepted: 04/03/2016] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
|
37
|
Grumpelt B, Hoffer W, Curie O, Jones O, Jones K, Kimmel D, McDonald B, Paterson R, Schaefer A. Short Communication: The Pre-transport management of antemortem stress in cattle: Impact on carcass yield. Can J Anim Sci 2015. [DOI: 10.4141/cjas-2015-069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Grumpelt, B., Hoffer, W., Curie, O., Jones, O., Jones, K., Kimmel, D., McDonald, B., Paterson, R. and Schaefer, A. 2015. Short Communication:The Pre-transport management of antemortem stress in cattle: Impact on carcass yield. Can. J. Anim. Sci. 95: 557–560. Transport and handling of cattle can have a significant impact on carcass weight loss. The purpose of the present study was to examine the effect of providing pre-transport nutritional therapy containing selective amino acids, electrolytes and an energy source, on carcass weight loss. One hundred and ninety British crossbred steers averaging 611 kg were used in the study. The treatment cattle received 1 kg of a nutritional supplement top dressed onto their normal silage diet 24 h prior to transport. Following a 1-h transport period the cattle were processed at a federally inspected beef plant and both hot and cold carcass yield as well as yield grade and quality grade were assessed. Cattle provided with pre-transport nutritional therapy demonstrated a reduction in percentage live weight loss (P<0.01) as well as 1.2% greater hot carcass yield as a proportion of pre-treatment farm weight (P<0.01). The data suggest the use of nutritional support pre-transport is beneficial to carcass yield.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- B. Grumpelt
- Wetaskiwin Co-op Country Junction Feeds, 4707-40 Ave., Wetaskiwin, Alberta, Canada T9A 2B8
| | - W. Hoffer
- Pine Haven Feedlot, Wetaskiwin, Alberta, Canada T9A 2B8
| | - O. Curie
- DeStress Nutrition Technology, 4389-112 Ave SE, Calgary, Alberta, Canada T2C 0J7
| | - O. Jones
- DeStress Nutrition Technology, 4389-112 Ave SE, Calgary, Alberta, Canada T2C 0J7
| | - K. Jones
- DeStress Nutrition Technology, 4389-112 Ave SE, Calgary, Alberta, Canada T2C 0J7
| | - D. Kimmel
- Wetaskiwin Co-op Country Junction Feeds, 4707-40 Ave., Wetaskiwin, Alberta, Canada T9A 2B8
| | - B. McDonald
- DeStress Nutrition Technology, 4389-112 Ave SE, Calgary, Alberta, Canada T2C 0J7
| | - R. Paterson
- DeStress Nutrition Technology, 4389-112 Ave SE, Calgary, Alberta, Canada T2C 0J7
| | - A. Schaefer
- DeStress Nutrition Technology, 4389-112 Ave SE, Calgary, Alberta, Canada T2C 0J7
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
McDonald B, Bourke M, Boodhwani M, Ruel M, Nikolla A, Dupuis J, Macdonald J. SURVIVAL AND QUALITY OF LIFE IN SURVIVORS OF PROLONGED CRITICAL ILLNESS FOLLOWING CARDIAC SURGERY: IS THE EFFORT WORTHWHILE? Can J Cardiol 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cjca.2015.07.611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
|
39
|
Andrews J, Dare P, Estcourt G, Gapes D, Lei R, McDonald B, Wijaya N. Acetic acid recovery from a hybrid biological-hydrothermal treatment process of sewage sludge - a pilot plant study. Water Sci Technol 2015; 71:734-739. [PMID: 25768220 DOI: 10.2166/wst.2015.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
A two-stage process consisting of anaerobic fermentation followed by sub-critical wet oxidation was used to generate acetic acid from sewage sludge at pilot scale. Volatile fatty acids, dominated by propionic acid, were produced over 4-6 days in the 2,000 L fermentation reactor, which also achieved 31% solids reduction. Approximately 96% of the carbon was retained in solution over the fermentation stage. Using a 200 L wet oxidation reactor operating in batch mode, the second stage achieved 98% volatile suspended solids (VSS) destruction and 67% total chemical oxygen demand (tCOD) destruction. Acetic acid produced in this stage was recalcitrant to further degradation and was retained in solution. The gross yield from VSS was 16% for acetic acid and 21% for volatile fatty acids across the process, higher than reported yields for wet oxidation alone. The pilot plant results showed that 72% of the incoming phosphorus was retained in the solids, 94% of the nitrogen became concentrated in solution and 41% of the carbon was converted to a soluble state, in a more degradable form. Acetic acid produced from the process has the potential to be used to offset ethanol requirements in biological nutrient removal plants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J Andrews
- Sustainable Design, Scion, Private Bag 3020, Rotorua 3046, New Zealand E-mail:
| | - P Dare
- Sustainable Design, Scion, Private Bag 3020, Rotorua 3046, New Zealand E-mail:
| | - G Estcourt
- Sustainable Design, Scion, Private Bag 3020, Rotorua 3046, New Zealand E-mail:
| | - D Gapes
- Sustainable Design, Scion, Private Bag 3020, Rotorua 3046, New Zealand E-mail:
| | - R Lei
- Sustainable Design, Scion, Private Bag 3020, Rotorua 3046, New Zealand E-mail:
| | - B McDonald
- Sustainable Design, Scion, Private Bag 3020, Rotorua 3046, New Zealand E-mail:
| | - N Wijaya
- Sustainable Design, Scion, Private Bag 3020, Rotorua 3046, New Zealand E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Cook A, Katzenstein J, McDonald B, Highley E. C-37 * Psychomotor Speed and Cognitive Flexibility in Adolescents with Multiple Mild Traumatic Brain Injuries. Arch Clin Neuropsychol 2014. [DOI: 10.1093/arclin/acu038.218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
|
41
|
Montoya L, Hudson C, Macdonald J, Labinaz M, Ruel M, McDonald B. Description of the Relationship Between Frailty and Intensive Care Morbidity Following Trans-Catheter Aortic Valve Implantation (TAVI). Can J Cardiol 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cjca.2013.07.478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
|
42
|
Elmistekawy E, Rubens F, Hudson C, McDonald B, Ruel M, Lam K, Mesana TG, Boodhwani M. Preoperative anaemia is a risk factor for mortality and morbidity following aortic valve surgery. Eur J Cardiothorac Surg 2013; 44:1051-5; discussion 1055-6. [DOI: 10.1093/ejcts/ezt143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
|
43
|
Sun L, Boodhwani M, Baer H, McDonald B. 783 Tracheostomy as an Independent Predictor of Sternal Wound Infection. Can J Cardiol 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cjca.2012.07.705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
|
44
|
Murray J, Braly E, Head H, Donahue D, Rush S, Stence N, Liu A, Kleinhenz J, Bison B, Pietsch T, von Hoff K, von Bueren A, Rutkowski S, Warmuth-Metz M, Jaspan T, Brisse H, Potepan P, Warmuth-Metz M, Berg F, Bison B, Pietsch T, Gerber N, Rutkowski S, Warmuth-Metz M, Sugiyama K, Kurisu K, Kajiwara Y, Takayasu T, Saito T, Hanaya R, Yamasaki F, Vicente J, Fuster-Garcia E, Tortajada S, Garcia-Gomez JM, Davies N, Natarajan K, Wilson M, Grundy RG, Wesseling P, Monleon D, Celda B, Robles M, Peet AC, Perret C, Boltshauser E, Scheer I, Kellenberger C, Grotzer M, Steffen-Smith E, Venzon D, Bent R, Baker E, Shandilya S, Warren K, Shih CS, West J, Ho C, Porter D, Wang Y, Saykin A, McDonald B, Arfanakis K, Warren K, Vezina G, Hargrave D, Poussaint TY, Goldman S, Packer R, Wen P, Pollack I, Zurakowski D, Kun L, Prados M, Kieran M, Eckel L, Keating G, Giannini C, Wetjen N, Patton A, Steffen-Smith E, Sarlls J, Pierpaoli C, Walker L, Venzon D, Bent R, Warren K, Perreault S, Lober R, Yeom K, Carret AS, Vogel H, Partap S, Fisher P, Gill SK, Wilson M, Davies NP, MacPherson L, Arvanitis TN, Peet AC, Davies N, Gill S, Wilson M, MacPherson L, Arvanitis T, Peet A, Hayes L, Jones R, Mazewski C, Aguilera D, Palasis S, Bendel A, Patterson R, Petronio J, Meijer L, Jaspan T, Grundy RGG, Walker DA, Robison N, Grant F, Treves ST, Bandopadhayay P, Manley P, Chi S, Zimmerman MA, Chordas C, Goumnerova L, Smith E, Scott M, Ullrich NJ, Poussaint T, Kieran M, Yang JC, Lightner DD, Khakoo Y, Wolden SL, Smee R, Zhao C, Spencer-Trotter B, Hallock A, Konski A, Bhambani K, Mahajan A, Jones J, Ketonen L, Paulino A, Ater J, Grosshans D, Dauser R, Weinberg J, Chintagumpala M, Dvir R, Elhasid R, Corn B, Tempelhoff H, Matceyevsky D, Makrin V, Shtraus N, Yavetz D, Constantini S, Gez E, Yu ES, Kim YJ, Park HJ, Kim HJ, Shin SH, Kim JH, Kim JY, Lee YK, Fiore MR, Sanne C, Mandeville HC, Saran FH, Greenspoon J, Duckworth J, Singh S, Scheinemann K, Whitton A, Gauvain K, Geller T, Elbabaa S, Dombrowski J, Wong K, Olch A, Davidson TB, Venkatramani R, Haley K, Zaky W, Dhall G, Finlay J, Bishop MW, Hummel TR, Leach J, Minturn J, Breneman J, Stevenson C, Wagner L, Sutton M, Miles L, Fouladi M, Goldman S. RADIOLOGY. Neuro Oncol 2012. [DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/nos107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
|
45
|
Elmistekawy E, Tran D, Dupuis J, McDonald B, Ruel M, Mesana T, Lam B. 601 The value of risk algorithms in predicting outcomes for octogenarians undergoing Aortic valve replacement with or without CABG. Can J Cardiol 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cjca.2011.07.497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/16/2022] Open
|
46
|
Strong PJ, McDonald B, Gapes DJ. Combined thermochemical and fermentative destruction of municipal biosolids: a comparison between thermal hydrolysis and wet oxidative pre-treatment. Bioresour Technol 2011; 102:5520-5527. [PMID: 21195607 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2010.12.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2010] [Revised: 12/05/2010] [Accepted: 12/06/2010] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
In this study the comparative destruction of municipal biosolids using thermal hydrolysis (140 or 165°C) and wet oxidation (220°C) was followed by biological degradation via mesophilic anaerobic digestion (36°C). Wet oxidation (WO) destroyed more than 93% of the VSS, while thermal hydrolysis (TH) at 140 and 165°C destroyed 9% and 22%, respectively. Combined TH and anaerobic digestion resulted in approximately 50% VSS destruction. The ultimate methane potential of the combined fractions from the thermal hydrolysis at 140 and 165°C improved by 12-13% relative to the untreated control sample. Methane production from the WO material was 53% of the control yield and wholly attributable to soluble organic carbon in the liquid fraction, indicating that the WO destroyed all putrescible carbon from the solids fraction. Point sampling during the BMP assay revealed that methanogenic development, not solids hydrolysis, was the kinetic barrier during anaerobic digestion in this study.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- P J Strong
- Green Processing Unit, Sustainable Design, Scion, Private Bag 3020, Rotorua 3046, New Zealand.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
47
|
Strong PJ, McDonald B, Gapes DJ. Enhancing denitrification using a carbon supplement generated from the wet oxidation of waste activated sludge. Bioresour Technol 2011; 102:5533-5540. [PMID: 21196117 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2010.12.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2010] [Revised: 12/03/2010] [Accepted: 12/06/2010] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
This study compared the effect of four pure carbon supplements on biological denitrification to a liquor derived as a by-product from the wet oxidation (WO) of waste activated sludge. Sequencing batch reactors were used to acclimate sludge biomass, which was used in batch assays. Acetate, WO liquor and ethanol-supplementation generated the fastest denitrification rates. Acetate and WO liquor were efficiently utilised by all acclimated biomass types, while poor rates were achieved with methanol and formate. When comparing an inoculum from an ethanol-supplemented and non-supplemented wastewater treatment plant (WWTP), the ethanol-acclimated sludge obtained superior denitrification rates when supplemented with ethanol. Similarly high nitrate removal rates were achieved with both sludge types with acetate and WO liquor supplementation, indicating that WO liquors could achieve excellent rates of nitrate removal. The performance of the WO liquor was attributed to the variety of organic carbon substrates (particularly acetic acid) present within the liquor.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- P J Strong
- Green Processing Unit, Sustainable Design, Scion, Private Bag 3020, Rotorua 3046, New Zealand.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
48
|
Atlas H, Safa N, Denis R, Garneau P, Moustarah F, Marceau S, Lebel S, Biertho L, Hould F, Marceau P, Biron S, Anvari M, Sharma A, Goldsmith CH, Lacobellis G, Cadeddu M, Misra M, Taylor V, Tarride J, Hubert E, Tiboni M, Hong D, Wiebe S, Klassen D, Bonjer J, Lawlor D, Plowman J, Ransom T, Vallis M, Ellsmere J, Graham PJ, Kaban GK, Vizhul A, Birch DW, Menezes AC, Shi X, Karmali S, Seth R, MacKenzie L, Kus A, Bell J, Carrier M, Atkins H, Boushey R, Auer R, Croome KP, Yamashita M, Aarts MA, Okrainec A, Glicksman A, Pearsall E, Pitzul K, Huang H, McLeod RS, Sarkhosh K, Robertson M, Boctor D, Lam V, Sigalet D, Johner A, Faulds J, Wiseman SM, Pemberton J, Gordon ML, Prashad C, Rambaran M, Cameron B, Neville A, Sarosi GA, Wei Y, Gibbs JO, Reda DJ, McCarthy M, Fitzgibbons RJ, Barkun JST, Fenech DS, Forbes S, Pearsall E, Chung J, Glickman A, Victor JC, Nathens A, McLeod RS, Fitzmaurice GJ, Mone F, Brown R, Cranley B, Conlon EF, Todd RAJ, O'Donnell ME, Tran TT, Kaneva PA, Finch LE, Fried GM, Mayo NE, Feldman LS, VanHouwellingen L, Vogt KN, Stewart TC, Williamson J, Parry N, DeRose G, Gray D, Harriman S, Rodych N, Hayes P, Moser M, Jamal MH, Doi S, Rousseau M, Snell L, Meterissian S, Zolfaghari S, Friedlich MS, Kurashima Y, Al-Sabah S, Kaneva PA, Feldman LS, Fried GM, Vassiliou MC, Tran TT, Kaneva PA, Mayo NE, Fried GM, Feldman LS, Pearsall E, Sheth U, Fenech D, McKenzie M, Victor JC, McLeod RS, Ghaderi I, Vaillancourt M, Sroka G, Kaneva PA, Vassiliou MC, Seagull FJ, Sutton E, Godinez C, George I, Park A, Choy I, Okrainec A, Brintzenhoff R, Prabhu A, Heniford BT, Stefanidis D, Fried GM, Feldman LS, Igric A, Vogt KN, Girotti M, Parry NG, Vinden C, Kim SHH, Zhang NN, Russo JJ, El-Salfiti IK, Kowalczuk M, Rajaee AN, Bal M, Gill MS, Lysecki PJ, Hoogenes J, Dath D, Nassar AK, Reid S, Mohaisen KN, Winch J, Omar D, Hanna WC, Mulder DS, El-Hilali MM, Khwaja KA, Jamal MH, Rayment J, Doi SA, Megueditchian A, Meterissian S, Tso D, Langer M, Blair G, Butterworth S, Vaillancourt M, Vassiliou MC, Bergman S, Fried GM, Kaneva PA, Feldman LS, Davenport E, Haggar F, Trottier D, Huynh H, Soto C, Shamji FM, Seely A, Sundaresan S, Pagliarello G, Tadros S, Yelle JD, Maziak D, Moloo H, Poulin EC, Mamazza J, Knowlton LM, Chackungal S, MacQueen KA, Anvari M, Allen C, Goldsmith C, Ghaderi I, Madani A, de Gara C, Schlachta CM, Zakrison TL, Tee MC, Chan S, Nguyen V, Yang J, Holmes D, Levine D, Bugis S, Wiseman SM, Sandhu L, Zhai J, Kennedy ED, Baxter NN, Gagliardi AR, Urbach DR, Wei AC, Sabalbal M, McAlister VC, Balayla J, Bergman S, Feldman LS, Ghitulescu G, Fraser SA, Daigle R, Urquart R, Cox M, Grunfeld E, Porter G, Hallet J, Labidi S, Clairoux A, Gagné JP, Gill RS, Manouchehri N, Liu JQ, Lee TF, Bigam DL, Cheung PY, Van Koughnett JA, Colquhoun PH, Gordon ML, Cornacchi S, Farrokhyar F, Hodgson N, Porter G, Quan ML, Wright F, Lovrics P, Datta I, Brar SS, Ball CG, Heine JA, Rothwell B, Crozier M, Ting H, Boone D, O'Regan N, Brown C, Bandrauk N, Hapgood J, Hogan M, McDonald LA, Da'as S, Sorensen PHB, Berman JN, Ameer A, Jamal M, Aljiffry M, Doi S, Hasanain M, Chaudhury P, Metrakos P, Tchervenkov J, Lapierre S, Mohammad W, Balaa N, Akil M, Mimeault R, Fairfull-Smith R, Teague BD, Butler MS, Garneau PY, Sample CB, Kapoor A, Cadeddu MO, Anvari M, Hanna WC, Jamal MH, Nguyen L, Fraser SA, Kwan K, Wallis CJD, Jones S, Fraser T, Masterso J, Blair G, Duffy D, Roberts DJ, Kirkpatrick AW, Datta I, Feliciano DV, Kortbeek JB, Laupland KB, Ball CG, Haggar F, Davenport E, Moloo H, Mamazza J, Manouchehri N, Bigam D, Churchill T, Joynt C, Cheung PY, Al-Sairafi R, Sample CB, Paquette F, Fraser SA, Feldman LS, Fried GM, Weissglas I, Ghitulescu G, Meterissian S, Bergman S, Al-Dohayan A, Al-Naami M, Bamehriz F, Madkhali A, Hallet J, LeBlanc M, Gilbert A, Daigle C, Tien G, Atkins MS, Zheng B, Tanin H, Swindells C, Meneghetti A, Panton ONM, Qayumi AK, Chhiv M, Drolet S, Sirois-Giguère É, Gilbert A, Doyle JD, Sheth U, Huang H, Pearsall E, McLeod RS, Nathens AB, Suri RR, Vora P, Kirby JM, Chan K, Smith S, Ruo L, Faryniuk A, Hochman D, Ball CG, Kirkpatrick AW, Broderick TJ, Williams DR, Kholdebarin R, Helewa R, Bracken J, Zabolotny B, Hochman D, Merchant S, Hameed M, Melck A, McGuire AL, Wilson C, Mercer D, Sharma B, Orzech N, Grantcharov T, Johner A, Taylor DC, Buczkowski AK, Chung SW, Lumb KJ, Trejos AL, Ward CDW, Naish MD, Patel RV, Schlachta CM, Davenport E, Haggar F, Moloo H, Boushey RP, Poulin EC, Mamazza J, Graybiel KM, Fernandes VT, Hoogenes J, Dath D, Mohammad W, Trottier D, Nadolny K, Poulin EC, Mamazza J, Balaa F, Diederichs B, Turner S, de Gara C, Ghitulescu GA, Filip I, Bergman S, Fraser S, Finley RJ, Mayo J, Clifton J, Yee J, Evans K, MacWilliams A, Lam S, English J, Finley C, Jacks L, Darling G, Hanna WC, Sudarshan M, Roberge D, David M, Waschke KA, Mayrand S, Ferri LE, Coughlin S, Emmerton-Coughlin H, Malthaner R, Grover HS, Basi S, Chiasson P, Basi S, Irshad K, Emmerton-Coughlin HMA, Vogt KN, Malthaner RA, Spicer JD, McDonald B, Perera R, Rousseau MC, Chan CHF, Hsu RYC, Giannias B, Ferri LE, Ahmed S, Birnbaum AE, Berz D, Fontaine JP, Dipetrillo TA, Ready NE, Ng T, Alhussaini A, Oberoi M, Threader J, Villeneuve J, Gilbert S, Shamji FM, Sundaresan S, Maziak D, Seely A, Rammohan KS, Hunt I, Chuck A, Gazala S, Valji A, Stewart K, Bedard ELR, Plourde M, Fortin D, Arab A, Inculet RI, Malthaner RA, Bharadwaj SC, Hamin T, Tan LA, Unruh HW, Srinathan SK, McGuire AL, Petsikas D, Reid K, Hopman W, Levine P, Rousseau M, Spicer J, Ferri LE, Ashrafi AS, Bond RJ, Ong SR, Ahmadi SY, Partington SL, Graham AJ, Owen S, Kelly EJ, Gelfand G, Grondin SC, McFadden SD, Paolucci EO, Weeks SG, Davis PJ, Molinari M, Topp T, Walsh MJ, Simoneau E, Hassanain M, Cabrera T, Chaudhury P, Dumitra S, Aljiffry M, Feteih I, Leduc S, Rivera J, Jamal M, Valenti D, Metrakos P, Elgadi K, Cherniak W, Chan D, Wei AC, Gallinger S, Mohammad W, Mimeault R, Fairfull-Smith R, Auer R, Balaa F, Kwan J, Hassanain M, Chaudhury P, Dey C, Gadahadh R, Salman A, Simoneau E, Meti N, Aljiffry M, Jamal M, Cabrera T, Bouganim N, Kavan P, Alcindor T, Valenti D, Metrakos P, Brar B, Sutherland F, Bégin A, Bourdonnais D, Lapointe R, Plasse M, Létourneau R, Roy A, Dagenais M, Vandenbroucke-Menu F, Bégin A, Bourdonnais D, Lapointe R, Plasse M, Létourneau R, Dagenais M, Roy A, Vandenbroucke-Menu F, Bégin A, Ismail S, Vandenbroucke-Menu F, Létourneau R, Plasse M, Roy A, Dagenais M, Lapointe R, Greco EF, Nanji S, Shah SA, Wei AC, Greig PD, Gallinger S, Cleary SP, Al-Adra DP, Anderson C, Nanji S, Ryan P, Guindi M, Selvarajah S, Greig P, McGilvray I, Taylor B, Wei A, Moulton C, Cleary SP, Gallinger S, Sandroussi C, Brace C, Kennedy E, Baxter N, Gallinger S, Wei AC, Yamashita T, Leslie K, McLean SR, Karsanji D, Dixon E, Sutherland FR, Bathe OF, Suri RR, Marcaccio MJ, Ruo L, Jamal MH, Simoneau E, Khalil JA, Hassanain M, Chaudhury P, Tchervenkov J, Metrakos P, Doi SA, Barkun JS, Barnett C, Marcaccio MJ, Hankinson JJ, Ruo L, Alawashez A, Ellsmere J, Neville A, Boutros M, Barkun J, Wiebe ME, Sandhu L, Takata JL, Kennedy ED, Baxter NN, Gagliardi AR, Urbach DR, Wei AC, Chan G, Kocha W, Reid R, Wall W, Quan D, Lovrics P, Hodgson N, Ghola G, Franic S, Goldsmith C, McCready D, Cornacchi S, Garnett A, Reedijk M, Scheer AS, McSparron JI, Schulman AR, Tuorto S, Gonen M, Gonsalves J, Fong Y, Auer RAC, Francescutti V, Coates A, Thabane L, Goldsmith CH, Levine M, Simunovic M, Richardson DP, Porter G, Johnson PM, Leon-Carlyle M, Schmocker S, O'Connor BI, Victor JC, Baxter NN, Smith AJ, McLeod RS, Kennedy ED, Chan CHF, Arabzadeh A, DeMarte L, Spicer JD, Turbide C, Brodt P, Beauchemin N, Ferri LE, Zih F, Panzarella T, Hummel C, Petronis J, McCart A, Swallow C, Mathieson A, Ridgway PF, Ko YJ, Smith AJ, Gieni M, Dickson L, Sne N, Avram R, Farrokhyar F, Smith M, Giacomantonio C, Hoskin D, Doyon C, Martin G, Patocskai E, Brar SS, Wright F, Okrainec A, Smith AJ, Bischof DA, Maier B, Fitch M, Wright FC, Baliski CR, Kluftinger A, MacLeod M, Kwong S, Racz JM, Fortin A, Latosinsky S, Messenger DE, Kirsch R, McLeod RS, Aslani N, Heidary B, Prabhu KL, Raval M, Phang PT, Brow C, Richardson DP, Porter G, Johnson PM, Moloo H, Haggar F, Duhaime S, Hutton B, Grimshaw J, Coyle D, Poulin EC, Mamazza J, Boushey RP, Paun BC, Shaheen AAM, Dixon E, Maclean AR, Buie WD, Moustarah F, Talarico J, Zink J, Gatmaitan P, Schauer P, Chand B, Brethauer S, Martel G, Duhaime S, Ramsay CR, Barkun JS, Ferguson DA, Boushey RP, Palter VN, MacRae HM, Grantcharov TP, Messenger DE, Victor JC, O'Connor BI, MacRae HM, McLeod RS, Al-Sabah S, Feldman LS, Charlebois P, Stein B, Kaneva PA, Fried GM, Liberman AS, Borowiec AM, Karmal S, Apriasz I, Mysliwiec B, Hussain N, Ott M, Reynolds R, Lum A, Williams LJ, Morash R, Shin S, Smylie J, Moloo H, Auer R, Poulin EC, Mamazza J, Watters J, Fung-Kee-Fung M, Boushey RP, Pelletier JS, de Gara CJ, White J, Ghosh S, Schiller D, Drolet S, Paolucci EO, Heine J, Buie WD, Maclean AR, Barnes A, Liang S, Auer R, Moloo H, Mamazza J, Poulin EC, Boushey RP, Klevan AE, Dalvi AA, Ramsay JA, Stephen WJ, Nhan C, Driman DK, Raby M, Smith AJ, Hunter A, Srigley J, McLeod RS, Zolfaghari S, Auer R, Moloo H, Mamazza J, Friedlich M, Poulin EC, Stern HS, Boushey RP, Scheer AS, Boushey RP, Liang S, Doucette S, O'Connor AM, Moher D. Canadian Surgery Forum. Can J Surg 2010; 53:S51-S104. [PMID: 35488396 PMCID: PMC2912011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- H Atlas
- From the Department of Surgery, Hôpital du Sacré-Cœur de Montréal, Montréal University, Montréal, Que
| | - N Safa
- From the Department of Surgery, Hôpital du Sacré-Cœur de Montréal, Montréal University, Montréal, Que
| | - R Denis
- From the Department of Surgery, Hôpital du Sacré-Cœur de Montréal, Montréal University, Montréal, Que
| | - P Garneau
- From the Department of Surgery, Hôpital du Sacré-Cœur de Montréal, Montréal University, Montréal, Que
| | - F Moustarah
- From the Bariatric and Metabolic Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio, Département de chirurgie, Institut universitaire de cardiologie et de pneumologie de Québec, Université Laval, Québec City, Que
| | - S Marceau
- From the Bariatric and Metabolic Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio, Département de chirurgie, Institut universitaire de cardiologie et de pneumologie de Québec, Université Laval, Québec City, Que
| | - S Lebel
- From the Bariatric and Metabolic Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio, Département de chirurgie, Institut universitaire de cardiologie et de pneumologie de Québec, Université Laval, Québec City, Que
| | - L Biertho
- From the Bariatric and Metabolic Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio, Département de chirurgie, Institut universitaire de cardiologie et de pneumologie de Québec, Université Laval, Québec City, Que
| | - F Hould
- From the Bariatric and Metabolic Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio, Département de chirurgie, Institut universitaire de cardiologie et de pneumologie de Québec, Université Laval, Québec City, Que
| | - P Marceau
- From the Bariatric and Metabolic Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio, Département de chirurgie, Institut universitaire de cardiologie et de pneumologie de Québec, Université Laval, Québec City, Que
| | - S Biron
- From the Bariatric and Metabolic Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio, Département de chirurgie, Institut universitaire de cardiologie et de pneumologie de Québec, Université Laval, Québec City, Que
| | - M Anvari
- From the Departments of Surgery, Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Medicine, Psychiatry and Behavioural Neurosciences, and Anaesthesia, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont., University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alta
| | - A Sharma
- From the Departments of Surgery, Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Medicine, Psychiatry and Behavioural Neurosciences, and Anaesthesia, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont., University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alta
| | - C H Goldsmith
- From the Departments of Surgery, Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Medicine, Psychiatry and Behavioural Neurosciences, and Anaesthesia, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont., University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alta
| | - G Lacobellis
- From the Departments of Surgery, Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Medicine, Psychiatry and Behavioural Neurosciences, and Anaesthesia, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont., University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alta
| | - M Cadeddu
- From the Departments of Surgery, Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Medicine, Psychiatry and Behavioural Neurosciences, and Anaesthesia, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont., University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alta
| | - M Misra
- From the Departments of Surgery, Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Medicine, Psychiatry and Behavioural Neurosciences, and Anaesthesia, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont., University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alta
| | - V Taylor
- From the Departments of Surgery, Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Medicine, Psychiatry and Behavioural Neurosciences, and Anaesthesia, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont., University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alta
| | - J Tarride
- From the Departments of Surgery, Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Medicine, Psychiatry and Behavioural Neurosciences, and Anaesthesia, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont., University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alta
| | - E Hubert
- From the Departments of Surgery, Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Medicine, Psychiatry and Behavioural Neurosciences, and Anaesthesia, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont., University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alta
| | - M Tiboni
- From the Departments of Surgery, Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Medicine, Psychiatry and Behavioural Neurosciences, and Anaesthesia, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont., University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alta
| | - D Hong
- From the Departments of Surgery, Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Medicine, Psychiatry and Behavioural Neurosciences, and Anaesthesia, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont., University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alta
| | - S Wiebe
- From the Departments of Medicine and Surgery, Dalhousie University, Queen Elizabeth II Health Sciences Centre, Halifax, NS
| | - D Klassen
- From the Departments of Medicine and Surgery, Dalhousie University, Queen Elizabeth II Health Sciences Centre, Halifax, NS
| | - J Bonjer
- From the Departments of Medicine and Surgery, Dalhousie University, Queen Elizabeth II Health Sciences Centre, Halifax, NS
| | - D Lawlor
- From the Departments of Medicine and Surgery, Dalhousie University, Queen Elizabeth II Health Sciences Centre, Halifax, NS
| | - J Plowman
- From the Departments of Medicine and Surgery, Dalhousie University, Queen Elizabeth II Health Sciences Centre, Halifax, NS
| | - T Ransom
- From the Departments of Medicine and Surgery, Dalhousie University, Queen Elizabeth II Health Sciences Centre, Halifax, NS
| | - M Vallis
- From the Departments of Medicine and Surgery, Dalhousie University, Queen Elizabeth II Health Sciences Centre, Halifax, NS
| | - J Ellsmere
- From the Departments of Medicine and Surgery, Dalhousie University, Queen Elizabeth II Health Sciences Centre, Halifax, NS
| | - P J Graham
- From the Department of Surgery, Regina General Hospital, Regina, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Sask
| | - G K Kaban
- From the Department of Surgery, Regina General Hospital, Regina, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Sask
| | - A Vizhul
- From the Centre for the Advancement of Minimally Invasive Surgery (CAMIS), Department of Surgery, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alta
| | - D W Birch
- From the Centre for the Advancement of Minimally Invasive Surgery (CAMIS), Department of Surgery, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alta
| | - A C Menezes
- From the Centre for the Advancement of Minimally Invasive Surgery (CAMIS), Department of Surgery, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alta
| | - X Shi
- From the Centre for the Advancement of Minimally Invasive Surgery (CAMIS), Department of Surgery, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alta
| | - S Karmali
- From the Centre for the Advancement of Minimally Invasive Surgery (CAMIS), Department of Surgery, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alta
| | - R Seth
- From the Centre for Cancer Therapeutics, The Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ont
| | - L MacKenzie
- From the Centre for Cancer Therapeutics, The Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ont
| | - A Kus
- From the Centre for Cancer Therapeutics, The Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ont
| | - J Bell
- From the Centre for Cancer Therapeutics, The Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ont
| | - M Carrier
- From the Centre for Cancer Therapeutics, The Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ont
| | - H Atkins
- From the Centre for Cancer Therapeutics, The Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ont
| | - R Boushey
- From the Centre for Cancer Therapeutics, The Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ont
| | - R Auer
- From the Centre for Cancer Therapeutics, The Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ont
| | - K P Croome
- From the Division of General Surgery, University of Western Ontario, London, Ont., and the School of Public Health, Harvard University, Boston, Mass
| | - M Yamashita
- From the Division of General Surgery, University of Western Ontario, London, Ont., and the School of Public Health, Harvard University, Boston, Mass
| | - M-A Aarts
- From the University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont
| | - A Okrainec
- From the University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont
| | - A Glicksman
- From the University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont
| | - E Pearsall
- From the University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont
| | - K Pitzul
- From the University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont
| | - H Huang
- From the University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont
| | - R S McLeod
- From the University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont
| | - K Sarkhosh
- From the Alberta Children's Hospital, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alta
| | - M Robertson
- From the Alberta Children's Hospital, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alta
| | - D Boctor
- From the Alberta Children's Hospital, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alta
| | - V Lam
- From the Alberta Children's Hospital, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alta
| | - D Sigalet
- From the Alberta Children's Hospital, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alta
| | - A Johner
- From the Department of Surgery, St. Paul's Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC
| | - J Faulds
- From the Department of Surgery, St. Paul's Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC
| | - S M Wiseman
- From the Department of Surgery, St. Paul's Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC
| | - J Pemberton
- From the Georgetown Public Hospital Corporation, Georgetown, Guyana, and the Department of Surgery, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont
| | - M L Gordon
- From the Georgetown Public Hospital Corporation, Georgetown, Guyana, and the Department of Surgery, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont
| | - C Prashad
- From the Georgetown Public Hospital Corporation, Georgetown, Guyana, and the Department of Surgery, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont
| | - M Rambaran
- From the Georgetown Public Hospital Corporation, Georgetown, Guyana, and the Department of Surgery, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont
| | - B Cameron
- From the Georgetown Public Hospital Corporation, Georgetown, Guyana, and the Department of Surgery, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont
| | - A Neville
- From McGill University, Montréal, Que
| | | | - Y Wei
- From McGill University, Montréal, Que
| | - J O Gibbs
- From McGill University, Montréal, Que
| | - D J Reda
- From McGill University, Montréal, Que
| | | | | | | | - D S Fenech
- From the University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont
| | - S Forbes
- From the University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont
| | - E Pearsall
- From the University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont
| | - J Chung
- From the University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont
| | - A Glickman
- From the University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont
| | - J C Victor
- From the University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont
| | - A Nathens
- From the University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont
| | - R S McLeod
- From the University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont
| | - G J Fitzmaurice
- From the Departments of General Surgery and Radiology, Daisy Hill Hospital, Newry, Northern Ireland
| | - F Mone
- From the Departments of General Surgery and Radiology, Daisy Hill Hospital, Newry, Northern Ireland
| | - R Brown
- From the Departments of General Surgery and Radiology, Daisy Hill Hospital, Newry, Northern Ireland
| | - B Cranley
- From the Departments of General Surgery and Radiology, Daisy Hill Hospital, Newry, Northern Ireland
| | - E F Conlon
- From the Departments of General Surgery and Radiology, Daisy Hill Hospital, Newry, Northern Ireland
| | - R A J Todd
- From the Departments of General Surgery and Radiology, Daisy Hill Hospital, Newry, Northern Ireland
| | - M E O'Donnell
- From the Departments of General Surgery and Radiology, Daisy Hill Hospital, Newry, Northern Ireland
| | - T T Tran
- From the Departments of Surgery and of Clinical Epidemiology, McGill University, Montréal, Que
| | - P A Kaneva
- From the Departments of Surgery and of Clinical Epidemiology, McGill University, Montréal, Que
| | - L E Finch
- From the Departments of Surgery and of Clinical Epidemiology, McGill University, Montréal, Que
| | - G M Fried
- From the Departments of Surgery and of Clinical Epidemiology, McGill University, Montréal, Que
| | - N E Mayo
- From the Departments of Surgery and of Clinical Epidemiology, McGill University, Montréal, Que
| | - L S Feldman
- From the Departments of Surgery and of Clinical Epidemiology, McGill University, Montréal, Que
| | - L VanHouwellingen
- From the Department of Surgery, Trauma Program, Division of Critical Care, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Western Ontario, London, Ont
| | - K N Vogt
- From the Department of Surgery, Trauma Program, Division of Critical Care, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Western Ontario, London, Ont
| | - T C Stewart
- From the Department of Surgery, Trauma Program, Division of Critical Care, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Western Ontario, London, Ont
| | - J Williamson
- From the Department of Surgery, Trauma Program, Division of Critical Care, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Western Ontario, London, Ont
| | - N Parry
- From the Department of Surgery, Trauma Program, Division of Critical Care, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Western Ontario, London, Ont
| | - G DeRose
- From the Department of Surgery, Trauma Program, Division of Critical Care, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Western Ontario, London, Ont
| | - D Gray
- From the Department of Surgery, Trauma Program, Division of Critical Care, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Western Ontario, London, Ont
| | - S Harriman
- From the Department of Surgery, Royal University Hospital, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Sask
| | - N Rodych
- From the Department of Surgery, Royal University Hospital, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Sask
| | - P Hayes
- From the Department of Surgery, Royal University Hospital, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Sask
| | - M Moser
- From the Department of Surgery, Royal University Hospital, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Sask
| | - M H Jamal
- From the Centre for Medical Education, McGill University, Montréal, Que
| | - S Doi
- From the Centre for Medical Education, McGill University, Montréal, Que
| | - M Rousseau
- From the Centre for Medical Education, McGill University, Montréal, Que
| | - L Snell
- From the Centre for Medical Education, McGill University, Montréal, Que
| | - S Meterissian
- From the Centre for Medical Education, McGill University, Montréal, Que
| | - S Zolfaghari
- From the Department of Surgery, The Ottawa Hospital - General Campus, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont
| | - M S Friedlich
- From the Department of Surgery, The Ottawa Hospital - General Campus, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont
| | - Y Kurashima
- From the Steinberg-Bernstein Centre for Minimally Invasive Surgery and Innovation, McGill University, Montréal, Que
| | - S Al-Sabah
- From the Steinberg-Bernstein Centre for Minimally Invasive Surgery and Innovation, McGill University, Montréal, Que
| | - P A Kaneva
- From the Steinberg-Bernstein Centre for Minimally Invasive Surgery and Innovation, McGill University, Montréal, Que
| | - L S Feldman
- From the Steinberg-Bernstein Centre for Minimally Invasive Surgery and Innovation, McGill University, Montréal, Que
| | - G M Fried
- From the Steinberg-Bernstein Centre for Minimally Invasive Surgery and Innovation, McGill University, Montréal, Que
| | - M C Vassiliou
- From the Steinberg-Bernstein Centre for Minimally Invasive Surgery and Innovation, McGill University, Montréal, Que
| | - T T Tran
- From the Steinberg-Bernstein Centre for Minimally Invasive Surgery, McGill University, Montréal, Que
| | - P A Kaneva
- From the Steinberg-Bernstein Centre for Minimally Invasive Surgery, McGill University, Montréal, Que
| | - N E Mayo
- From the Steinberg-Bernstein Centre for Minimally Invasive Surgery, McGill University, Montréal, Que
| | - G M Fried
- From the Steinberg-Bernstein Centre for Minimally Invasive Surgery, McGill University, Montréal, Que
| | - L S Feldman
- From the Steinberg-Bernstein Centre for Minimally Invasive Surgery, McGill University, Montréal, Que
| | - E Pearsall
- From the University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont
| | - U Sheth
- From the University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont
| | - D Fenech
- From the University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont
| | - M McKenzie
- From the University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont
| | - J C Victor
- From the University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont
| | - R S McLeod
- From the University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont
| | - I Ghaderi
- From the Steinberg-Bernstein Centre for Minimally Invasive Surgery, McGill University, Montréal, Que., the University of Western Ontario, London, the University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont., the University of Maryland, Baltimore, Md., and the Carolinas Medical Center, Charlotte, NC
| | - M Vaillancourt
- From the Steinberg-Bernstein Centre for Minimally Invasive Surgery, McGill University, Montréal, Que., the University of Western Ontario, London, the University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont., the University of Maryland, Baltimore, Md., and the Carolinas Medical Center, Charlotte, NC
| | - G Sroka
- From the Steinberg-Bernstein Centre for Minimally Invasive Surgery, McGill University, Montréal, Que., the University of Western Ontario, London, the University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont., the University of Maryland, Baltimore, Md., and the Carolinas Medical Center, Charlotte, NC
| | - P A Kaneva
- From the Steinberg-Bernstein Centre for Minimally Invasive Surgery, McGill University, Montréal, Que., the University of Western Ontario, London, the University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont., the University of Maryland, Baltimore, Md., and the Carolinas Medical Center, Charlotte, NC
| | - M C Vassiliou
- From the Steinberg-Bernstein Centre for Minimally Invasive Surgery, McGill University, Montréal, Que., the University of Western Ontario, London, the University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont., the University of Maryland, Baltimore, Md., and the Carolinas Medical Center, Charlotte, NC
| | - F J Seagull
- From the Steinberg-Bernstein Centre for Minimally Invasive Surgery, McGill University, Montréal, Que., the University of Western Ontario, London, the University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont., the University of Maryland, Baltimore, Md., and the Carolinas Medical Center, Charlotte, NC
| | - E Sutton
- From the Steinberg-Bernstein Centre for Minimally Invasive Surgery, McGill University, Montréal, Que., the University of Western Ontario, London, the University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont., the University of Maryland, Baltimore, Md., and the Carolinas Medical Center, Charlotte, NC
| | - C Godinez
- From the Steinberg-Bernstein Centre for Minimally Invasive Surgery, McGill University, Montréal, Que., the University of Western Ontario, London, the University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont., the University of Maryland, Baltimore, Md., and the Carolinas Medical Center, Charlotte, NC
| | - I George
- From the Steinberg-Bernstein Centre for Minimally Invasive Surgery, McGill University, Montréal, Que., the University of Western Ontario, London, the University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont., the University of Maryland, Baltimore, Md., and the Carolinas Medical Center, Charlotte, NC
| | - A Park
- From the Steinberg-Bernstein Centre for Minimally Invasive Surgery, McGill University, Montréal, Que., the University of Western Ontario, London, the University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont., the University of Maryland, Baltimore, Md., and the Carolinas Medical Center, Charlotte, NC
| | - I Choy
- From the Steinberg-Bernstein Centre for Minimally Invasive Surgery, McGill University, Montréal, Que., the University of Western Ontario, London, the University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont., the University of Maryland, Baltimore, Md., and the Carolinas Medical Center, Charlotte, NC
| | - A Okrainec
- From the Steinberg-Bernstein Centre for Minimally Invasive Surgery, McGill University, Montréal, Que., the University of Western Ontario, London, the University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont., the University of Maryland, Baltimore, Md., and the Carolinas Medical Center, Charlotte, NC
| | - R Brintzenhoff
- From the Steinberg-Bernstein Centre for Minimally Invasive Surgery, McGill University, Montréal, Que., the University of Western Ontario, London, the University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont., the University of Maryland, Baltimore, Md., and the Carolinas Medical Center, Charlotte, NC
| | - A Prabhu
- From the Steinberg-Bernstein Centre for Minimally Invasive Surgery, McGill University, Montréal, Que., the University of Western Ontario, London, the University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont., the University of Maryland, Baltimore, Md., and the Carolinas Medical Center, Charlotte, NC
| | - B T Heniford
- From the Steinberg-Bernstein Centre for Minimally Invasive Surgery, McGill University, Montréal, Que., the University of Western Ontario, London, the University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont., the University of Maryland, Baltimore, Md., and the Carolinas Medical Center, Charlotte, NC
| | - D Stefanidis
- From the Steinberg-Bernstein Centre for Minimally Invasive Surgery, McGill University, Montréal, Que., the University of Western Ontario, London, the University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont., the University of Maryland, Baltimore, Md., and the Carolinas Medical Center, Charlotte, NC
| | - G M Fried
- From the Steinberg-Bernstein Centre for Minimally Invasive Surgery, McGill University, Montréal, Que., the University of Western Ontario, London, the University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont., the University of Maryland, Baltimore, Md., and the Carolinas Medical Center, Charlotte, NC
| | - L S Feldman
- From the Steinberg-Bernstein Centre for Minimally Invasive Surgery, McGill University, Montréal, Que., the University of Western Ontario, London, the University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont., the University of Maryland, Baltimore, Md., and the Carolinas Medical Center, Charlotte, NC
| | - A Igric
- From the Department of General Surgery, University of Western Ontario, London, Ont
| | - K N Vogt
- From the Department of General Surgery, University of Western Ontario, London, Ont
| | - M Girotti
- From the Department of General Surgery, University of Western Ontario, London, Ont
| | - N G Parry
- From the Department of General Surgery, University of Western Ontario, London, Ont
| | - C Vinden
- From the Department of General Surgery, University of Western Ontario, London, Ont
| | - S H H Kim
- From the Department of Surgery, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont
| | - N N Zhang
- From the Department of Surgery, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont
| | - J J Russo
- From the Department of Surgery, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont
| | - I K El-Salfiti
- From the Department of Surgery, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont
| | - M Kowalczuk
- From the Department of Surgery, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont
| | - A N Rajaee
- From the Department of Surgery, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont
| | - M Bal
- From the Department of Surgery, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont
| | - M S Gill
- From the Department of Surgery, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont
| | - P J Lysecki
- From the Department of Surgery, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont
| | - J Hoogenes
- From the Department of Surgery, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont
| | - D Dath
- From the Department of Surgery, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont
| | - A K Nassar
- From the Department of General Surgery, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont., and the Department of Psychology and Counseling, United Arab Emirates University, United Arab Emirates
| | - S Reid
- From the Department of General Surgery, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont., and the Department of Psychology and Counseling, United Arab Emirates University, United Arab Emirates
| | - K N Mohaisen
- From the Department of General Surgery, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont., and the Department of Psychology and Counseling, United Arab Emirates University, United Arab Emirates
| | - J Winch
- From the Department of General Surgery, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont., and the Department of Psychology and Counseling, United Arab Emirates University, United Arab Emirates
| | - D Omar
- From the Department of General Surgery, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont., and the Department of Psychology and Counseling, United Arab Emirates University, United Arab Emirates
| | - W C Hanna
- From the Montréal General Hospital, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Que
| | - D S Mulder
- From the Montréal General Hospital, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Que
| | - M M El-Hilali
- From the Montréal General Hospital, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Que
| | - K A Khwaja
- From the Montréal General Hospital, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Que
| | - M H Jamal
- From the McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Que
| | - J Rayment
- From the McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Que
| | - S A Doi
- From the McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Que
| | | | - S Meterissian
- From the McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Que
| | - D Tso
- From the University of British Columbia, the Division of Pediatric Surgery, BC Children's Hospital, Vancouver, BC
| | - M Langer
- From the University of British Columbia, the Division of Pediatric Surgery, BC Children's Hospital, Vancouver, BC
| | - G Blair
- From the University of British Columbia, the Division of Pediatric Surgery, BC Children's Hospital, Vancouver, BC
| | - S Butterworth
- From the University of British Columbia, the Division of Pediatric Surgery, BC Children's Hospital, Vancouver, BC
| | - M Vaillancourt
- From the Steinberg-Bernstein Centre for Minimally Invasive Surgery and Innovation, McGill University, Montréal, Que
| | - M C Vassiliou
- From the Steinberg-Bernstein Centre for Minimally Invasive Surgery and Innovation, McGill University, Montréal, Que
| | - S Bergman
- From the Steinberg-Bernstein Centre for Minimally Invasive Surgery and Innovation, McGill University, Montréal, Que
| | - G M Fried
- From the Steinberg-Bernstein Centre for Minimally Invasive Surgery and Innovation, McGill University, Montréal, Que
| | - P A Kaneva
- From the Steinberg-Bernstein Centre for Minimally Invasive Surgery and Innovation, McGill University, Montréal, Que
| | - L S Feldman
- From the Steinberg-Bernstein Centre for Minimally Invasive Surgery and Innovation, McGill University, Montréal, Que
| | - E Davenport
- From the Department of Surgery, The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, Ont
| | - F Haggar
- From the Department of Surgery, The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, Ont
| | - D Trottier
- From the Department of Surgery, The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, Ont
| | - H Huynh
- From the Department of Surgery, The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, Ont
| | - C Soto
- From the Department of Surgery, The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, Ont
| | - F M Shamji
- From the Department of Surgery, The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, Ont
| | - A Seely
- From the Department of Surgery, The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, Ont
| | - S Sundaresan
- From the Department of Surgery, The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, Ont
| | - G Pagliarello
- From the Department of Surgery, The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, Ont
| | - S Tadros
- From the Department of Surgery, The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, Ont
| | - J D Yelle
- From the Department of Surgery, The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, Ont
| | - D Maziak
- From the Department of Surgery, The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, Ont
| | - H Moloo
- From the Department of Surgery, The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, Ont
| | - E C Poulin
- From the Department of Surgery, The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, Ont
| | - J Mamazza
- From the Department of Surgery, The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, Ont
| | - L M Knowlton
- From the Harvard School of Public Health, Harvard Humanitarian Initiative, Boston, Mass., the Department of Surgery, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, the Division of General Surgery, University of Western Ontario, London, Ont
| | - S Chackungal
- From the Harvard School of Public Health, Harvard Humanitarian Initiative, Boston, Mass., the Department of Surgery, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, the Division of General Surgery, University of Western Ontario, London, Ont
| | - K A MacQueen
- From the Harvard School of Public Health, Harvard Humanitarian Initiative, Boston, Mass., the Department of Surgery, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, the Division of General Surgery, University of Western Ontario, London, Ont
| | - M Anvari
- From the Departments of Surgery, Medicine, Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont
| | - C Allen
- From the Departments of Surgery, Medicine, Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont
| | - C Goldsmith
- From the Departments of Surgery, Medicine, Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont
| | - I Ghaderi
- From the Division of General Surgery, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, London, Ont., and the University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alta
| | - A Madani
- From the Division of General Surgery, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, London, Ont., and the University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alta
| | - C de Gara
- From the Division of General Surgery, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, London, Ont., and the University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alta
| | - C M Schlachta
- From the Division of General Surgery, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, London, Ont., and the University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alta
| | - T L Zakrison
- From the Ryder Trauma Center, Jackson Memorial Hospital, University of Miami, Miami, Fla
| | - M C Tee
- From the University of British Columbia, Department of Surgery, St. Paul's Hospital, Vancouver, BC
| | - S Chan
- From the University of British Columbia, Department of Surgery, St. Paul's Hospital, Vancouver, BC
| | - V Nguyen
- From the University of British Columbia, Department of Surgery, St. Paul's Hospital, Vancouver, BC
| | - J Yang
- From the University of British Columbia, Department of Surgery, St. Paul's Hospital, Vancouver, BC
| | - D Holmes
- From the University of British Columbia, Department of Surgery, St. Paul's Hospital, Vancouver, BC
| | - D Levine
- From the University of British Columbia, Department of Surgery, St. Paul's Hospital, Vancouver, BC
| | - S Bugis
- From the University of British Columbia, Department of Surgery, St. Paul's Hospital, Vancouver, BC
| | - S M Wiseman
- From the University of British Columbia, Department of Surgery, St. Paul's Hospital, Vancouver, BC
| | - L Sandhu
- From the Division of General Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont
| | - J Zhai
- From the Division of General Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont
| | - E D Kennedy
- From the Division of General Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont
| | - N N Baxter
- From the Division of General Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont
| | - A R Gagliardi
- From the Division of General Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont
| | - D R Urbach
- From the Division of General Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont
| | - A C Wei
- From the Division of General Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont
| | - M Sabalbal
- From the Canadian Forces Medical Service, University of Western Ontario, London, Ont
| | - V C McAlister
- From the Canadian Forces Medical Service, University of Western Ontario, London, Ont
| | - J Balayla
- From the Department of Surgery, McGill University, Montréal, Que
| | - S Bergman
- From the Department of Surgery, McGill University, Montréal, Que
| | - L S Feldman
- From the Department of Surgery, McGill University, Montréal, Que
| | - G Ghitulescu
- From the Department of Surgery, McGill University, Montréal, Que
| | - S A Fraser
- From the Department of Surgery, McGill University, Montréal, Que
| | - R Daigle
- From the Department of Surgery, Victoria General Hospital, Queen Elizabeth II Health Sciences Centre, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS
| | - R Urquart
- From the Department of Surgery, Victoria General Hospital, Queen Elizabeth II Health Sciences Centre, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS
| | - M Cox
- From the Department of Surgery, Victoria General Hospital, Queen Elizabeth II Health Sciences Centre, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS
| | - E Grunfeld
- From the Department of Surgery, Victoria General Hospital, Queen Elizabeth II Health Sciences Centre, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS
| | - G Porter
- From the Department of Surgery, Victoria General Hospital, Queen Elizabeth II Health Sciences Centre, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS
| | - J Hallet
- From the Centre de chirurgie min-imalement invasive de Québec, Centre hospitalier universi-taire de Québec, Université Laval, Québec, Que
| | - S Labidi
- From the Centre de chirurgie min-imalement invasive de Québec, Centre hospitalier universi-taire de Québec, Université Laval, Québec, Que
| | - A Clairoux
- From the Centre de chirurgie min-imalement invasive de Québec, Centre hospitalier universi-taire de Québec, Université Laval, Québec, Que
| | - J-P Gagné
- From the Centre de chirurgie min-imalement invasive de Québec, Centre hospitalier universi-taire de Québec, Université Laval, Québec, Que
| | - R S Gill
- From the Departments of Surgery and Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alta
| | - N Manouchehri
- From the Departments of Surgery and Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alta
| | - J Q Liu
- From the Departments of Surgery and Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alta
| | - T F Lee
- From the Departments of Surgery and Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alta
| | - D L Bigam
- From the Departments of Surgery and Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alta
| | - P-Y Cheung
- From the Departments of Surgery and Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alta
| | - J A Van Koughnett
- From the Division of General Surgery, University of Western Ontario, London, the Ontario Institute for Studies in Education, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont
| | - P H Colquhoun
- From the Division of General Surgery, University of Western Ontario, London, the Ontario Institute for Studies in Education, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont
| | - M L Gordon
- From the Department of Surgery, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont
| | - S Cornacchi
- From the Department of Surgery, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont
| | - F Farrokhyar
- From the Department of Surgery, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont
| | - N Hodgson
- From the Department of Surgery, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont
| | - G Porter
- From the Department of Surgery, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont
| | - M L Quan
- From the Department of Surgery, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont
| | - F Wright
- From the Department of Surgery, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont
| | - P Lovrics
- From the Department of Surgery, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont
| | - I Datta
- From LSE Health, London School of Economics and Political Science, London, UK, and the Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alta
| | - S S Brar
- From LSE Health, London School of Economics and Political Science, London, UK, and the Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alta
| | - C G Ball
- From LSE Health, London School of Economics and Political Science, London, UK, and the Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alta
| | - J A Heine
- From LSE Health, London School of Economics and Political Science, London, UK, and the Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alta
| | - B Rothwell
- From LSE Health, London School of Economics and Political Science, London, UK, and the Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alta
| | - M Crozier
- From the Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, NL
| | - H Ting
- From the Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, NL
| | - D Boone
- From the Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, NL
| | - N O'Regan
- From the Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, NL
| | - C Brown
- From the Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, NL
| | - N Bandrauk
- From the Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, NL
| | - J Hapgood
- From the Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, NL
| | - M Hogan
- From the Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, NL
| | - L A McDonald
- From the Departments of Surgery, Pathology and Pediatrics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS
| | - S Da'as
- From the Departments of Surgery, Pathology and Pediatrics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS
| | - P H B Sorensen
- From the Departments of Surgery, Pathology and Pediatrics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS
| | - J N Berman
- From the Departments of Surgery, Pathology and Pediatrics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS
| | - A Ameer
- From the Department of Surgery, Royal Victoria Hospital, McGill University, Montréal, Que
| | - M Jamal
- From the Department of Surgery, Royal Victoria Hospital, McGill University, Montréal, Que
| | - M Aljiffry
- From the Department of Surgery, Royal Victoria Hospital, McGill University, Montréal, Que
| | - S Doi
- From the Department of Surgery, Royal Victoria Hospital, McGill University, Montréal, Que
| | - M Hasanain
- From the Department of Surgery, Royal Victoria Hospital, McGill University, Montréal, Que
| | - P Chaudhury
- From the Department of Surgery, Royal Victoria Hospital, McGill University, Montréal, Que
| | - P Metrakos
- From the Department of Surgery, Royal Victoria Hospital, McGill University, Montréal, Que
| | - J Tchervenkov
- From the Department of Surgery, Royal Victoria Hospital, McGill University, Montréal, Que
| | - S Lapierre
- From the Department of Surgery, The Ottawa Hospital, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont
| | - W Mohammad
- From the Department of Surgery, The Ottawa Hospital, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont
| | - N Balaa
- From the Department of Surgery, The Ottawa Hospital, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont
| | - M Akil
- From the Department of Surgery, The Ottawa Hospital, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont
| | - R Mimeault
- From the Department of Surgery, The Ottawa Hospital, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont
| | - R Fairfull-Smith
- From the Department of Surgery, The Ottawa Hospital, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont
| | - B D Teague
- From the Centre for Minimal Access Surgery, St. Joseph's Healthcare, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont., the Service de chirurgie générale, Hôpital du Sacré-Coeur de Montréal, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Que., and the Centre for Advancement of Minimally Invasive Surgery, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alta
| | - M S Butler
- From the Centre for Minimal Access Surgery, St. Joseph's Healthcare, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont., the Service de chirurgie générale, Hôpital du Sacré-Coeur de Montréal, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Que., and the Centre for Advancement of Minimally Invasive Surgery, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alta
| | - P Y Garneau
- From the Centre for Minimal Access Surgery, St. Joseph's Healthcare, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont., the Service de chirurgie générale, Hôpital du Sacré-Coeur de Montréal, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Que., and the Centre for Advancement of Minimally Invasive Surgery, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alta
| | - C B Sample
- From the Centre for Minimal Access Surgery, St. Joseph's Healthcare, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont., the Service de chirurgie générale, Hôpital du Sacré-Coeur de Montréal, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Que., and the Centre for Advancement of Minimally Invasive Surgery, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alta
| | - A Kapoor
- From the Centre for Minimal Access Surgery, St. Joseph's Healthcare, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont., the Service de chirurgie générale, Hôpital du Sacré-Coeur de Montréal, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Que., and the Centre for Advancement of Minimally Invasive Surgery, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alta
| | - M O Cadeddu
- From the Centre for Minimal Access Surgery, St. Joseph's Healthcare, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont., the Service de chirurgie générale, Hôpital du Sacré-Coeur de Montréal, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Que., and the Centre for Advancement of Minimally Invasive Surgery, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alta
| | - M Anvari
- From the Centre for Minimal Access Surgery, St. Joseph's Healthcare, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont., the Service de chirurgie générale, Hôpital du Sacré-Coeur de Montréal, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Que., and the Centre for Advancement of Minimally Invasive Surgery, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alta
| | - W C Hanna
- From the Department of Surgery, McGill University, Montréal, Que
| | - M H Jamal
- From the Department of Surgery, McGill University, Montréal, Que
| | - L Nguyen
- From the Department of Surgery, McGill University, Montréal, Que
| | - S A Fraser
- From the Department of Surgery, McGill University, Montréal, Que
| | - K Kwan
- From the Department of Urologic Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, the Division of Pediatric General Surgery, and the Office of Pediatric Surgical Evaluation and Innovation, BC Children's Hospital, Vancouver, BC
| | - C J D Wallis
- From the Department of Urologic Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, the Division of Pediatric General Surgery, and the Office of Pediatric Surgical Evaluation and Innovation, BC Children's Hospital, Vancouver, BC
| | - S Jones
- From the Department of Urologic Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, the Division of Pediatric General Surgery, and the Office of Pediatric Surgical Evaluation and Innovation, BC Children's Hospital, Vancouver, BC
| | - T Fraser
- From the Department of Urologic Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, the Division of Pediatric General Surgery, and the Office of Pediatric Surgical Evaluation and Innovation, BC Children's Hospital, Vancouver, BC
| | - J Masterso
- From the Department of Urologic Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, the Division of Pediatric General Surgery, and the Office of Pediatric Surgical Evaluation and Innovation, BC Children's Hospital, Vancouver, BC
| | - G Blair
- From the Department of Urologic Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, the Division of Pediatric General Surgery, and the Office of Pediatric Surgical Evaluation and Innovation, BC Children's Hospital, Vancouver, BC
| | - D Duffy
- From the Department of Urologic Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, the Division of Pediatric General Surgery, and the Office of Pediatric Surgical Evaluation and Innovation, BC Children's Hospital, Vancouver, BC
| | - D J Roberts
- From the Departments of Surgery, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alta., and Emory University, Atlanta, Ga
| | - A W Kirkpatrick
- From the Departments of Surgery, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alta., and Emory University, Atlanta, Ga
| | - I Datta
- From the Departments of Surgery, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alta., and Emory University, Atlanta, Ga
| | - D V Feliciano
- From the Departments of Surgery, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alta., and Emory University, Atlanta, Ga
| | - J B Kortbeek
- From the Departments of Surgery, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alta., and Emory University, Atlanta, Ga
| | - K B Laupland
- From the Departments of Surgery, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alta., and Emory University, Atlanta, Ga
| | - C G Ball
- From the Departments of Surgery, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alta., and Emory University, Atlanta, Ga
| | - F Haggar
- From The Ottawa Hospital, The Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ont
| | - E Davenport
- From The Ottawa Hospital, The Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ont
| | - H Moloo
- From The Ottawa Hospital, The Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ont
| | - J Mamazza
- From The Ottawa Hospital, The Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ont
| | - N Manouchehri
- From the Departments of Surgery, Pediatrics and Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alta
| | - D Bigam
- From the Departments of Surgery, Pediatrics and Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alta
| | - T Churchill
- From the Departments of Surgery, Pediatrics and Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alta
| | - C Joynt
- From the Departments of Surgery, Pediatrics and Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alta
| | - P-Y Cheung
- From the Departments of Surgery, Pediatrics and Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alta
| | - R Al-Sairafi
- From the University of Alberta, Centre for the Advancement of Minimally Invasive Surgery (CAMIS), Edmonton, Alta
| | - C B Sample
- From the University of Alberta, Centre for the Advancement of Minimally Invasive Surgery (CAMIS), Edmonton, Alta
| | - F Paquette
- From the Department of Surgery, Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Sir Mortimer B. Davis Jewish General Hospital, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Que
| | - S A Fraser
- From the Department of Surgery, Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Sir Mortimer B. Davis Jewish General Hospital, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Que
| | - L S Feldman
- From the Department of Surgery, Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Sir Mortimer B. Davis Jewish General Hospital, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Que
| | - G M Fried
- From the Department of Surgery, Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Sir Mortimer B. Davis Jewish General Hospital, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Que
| | - I Weissglas
- From the Department of Surgery, Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Sir Mortimer B. Davis Jewish General Hospital, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Que
| | - G Ghitulescu
- From the Department of Surgery, Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Sir Mortimer B. Davis Jewish General Hospital, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Que
| | - S Meterissian
- From the Department of Surgery, Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Sir Mortimer B. Davis Jewish General Hospital, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Que
| | - S Bergman
- From the Department of Surgery, Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Sir Mortimer B. Davis Jewish General Hospital, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Que
| | - A Al-Dohayan
- From the Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - M Al-Naami
- From the Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - F Bamehriz
- From the Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - A Madkhali
- From the Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - J Hallet
- From the Centre hospitalier universitaire de Québec, Pavillon Hôtel-Dieu-de-Québec, Québec, Que
| | - M LeBlanc
- From the Centre hospitalier universitaire de Québec, Pavillon Hôtel-Dieu-de-Québec, Québec, Que
| | - A Gilbert
- From the Centre hospitalier universitaire de Québec, Pavillon Hôtel-Dieu-de-Québec, Québec, Que
| | - C Daigle
- From the Department of Surgery, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, The School of Computing Science, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, and the University of Victoria and Locarna Systems, Inc., Victoria, BC
| | - G Tien
- From the Department of Surgery, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, The School of Computing Science, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, and the University of Victoria and Locarna Systems, Inc., Victoria, BC
| | - M S Atkins
- From the Department of Surgery, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, The School of Computing Science, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, and the University of Victoria and Locarna Systems, Inc., Victoria, BC
| | - B Zheng
- From the Department of Surgery, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, The School of Computing Science, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, and the University of Victoria and Locarna Systems, Inc., Victoria, BC
| | - H Tanin
- From the Department of Surgery, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, The School of Computing Science, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, and the University of Victoria and Locarna Systems, Inc., Victoria, BC
| | - C Swindells
- From the Department of Surgery, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, The School of Computing Science, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, and the University of Victoria and Locarna Systems, Inc., Victoria, BC
| | - A Meneghetti
- From the Department of Surgery, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, The School of Computing Science, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, and the University of Victoria and Locarna Systems, Inc., Victoria, BC
| | - O N M Panton
- From the Department of Surgery, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, The School of Computing Science, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, and the University of Victoria and Locarna Systems, Inc., Victoria, BC
| | - A K Qayumi
- From the Department of Surgery, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, The School of Computing Science, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, and the University of Victoria and Locarna Systems, Inc., Victoria, BC
| | - M Chhiv
- From the Département de chirurgie générale, Centre hospitalier universitaire de Québec, Québec, Que
| | - S Drolet
- From the Département de chirurgie générale, Centre hospitalier universitaire de Québec, Québec, Que
| | - É Sirois-Giguère
- From the Département de chirurgie générale, Centre hospitalier universitaire de Québec, Québec, Que
| | - A Gilbert
- From the Département de chirurgie générale, Centre hospitalier universitaire de Québec, Québec, Que
| | - J D Doyle
- From the Department of Surgery and the Interdepartmental Division of Critical Care, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont
| | - U Sheth
- From the Department of Surgery and the Interdepartmental Division of Critical Care, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont
| | - H Huang
- From the Department of Surgery and the Interdepartmental Division of Critical Care, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont
| | - E Pearsall
- From the Department of Surgery and the Interdepartmental Division of Critical Care, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont
| | - R S McLeod
- From the Department of Surgery and the Interdepartmental Division of Critical Care, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont
| | - A B Nathens
- From the Department of Surgery and the Interdepartmental Division of Critical Care, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont
| | - R R Suri
- From the Departments of Surgery and Diagnostic Imaging, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont
| | - P Vora
- From the Departments of Surgery and Diagnostic Imaging, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont
| | - J M Kirby
- From the Departments of Surgery and Diagnostic Imaging, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont
| | - K Chan
- From the Departments of Surgery and Diagnostic Imaging, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont
| | - S Smith
- From the Departments of Surgery and Diagnostic Imaging, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont
| | - L Ruo
- From the Departments of Surgery and Diagnostic Imaging, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont
| | - A Faryniuk
- From the Department of Surgery, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Man
| | - D Hochman
- From the Department of Surgery, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Man
| | - C G Ball
- From the Department of Surgery, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alta., the Department of Surgery, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, and the Department of Surgery, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont
| | - A W Kirkpatrick
- From the Department of Surgery, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alta., the Department of Surgery, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, and the Department of Surgery, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont
| | - T J Broderick
- From the Department of Surgery, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alta., the Department of Surgery, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, and the Department of Surgery, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont
| | - D R Williams
- From the Department of Surgery, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alta., the Department of Surgery, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, and the Department of Surgery, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont
| | - R Kholdebarin
- From the Department of Surgery, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Man
| | - R Helewa
- From the Department of Surgery, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Man
| | - J Bracken
- From the Department of Surgery, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Man
| | - B Zabolotny
- From the Department of Surgery, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Man
| | - D Hochman
- From the Department of Surgery, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Man
| | - S Merchant
- From the Department of General Surgery, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC
| | - M Hameed
- From the Department of General Surgery, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC
| | - A Melck
- From the Department of General Surgery, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC
| | - A L McGuire
- From the Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, and Department of Radiation Oncology, Kingston General Hospital, Queen's University, Kingston, Ont
| | - C Wilson
- From the Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, and Department of Radiation Oncology, Kingston General Hospital, Queen's University, Kingston, Ont
| | - D Mercer
- From the Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, and Department of Radiation Oncology, Kingston General Hospital, Queen's University, Kingston, Ont
| | - B Sharma
- From the Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont
| | - N Orzech
- From the Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont
| | - T Grantcharov
- From the Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont
| | - A Johner
- Department of Surgery, Vancouver General Hospital and the University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC
| | - D C Taylor
- Department of Surgery, Vancouver General Hospital and the University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC
| | - A K Buczkowski
- Department of Surgery, Vancouver General Hospital and the University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC
| | - S W Chung
- Department of Surgery, Vancouver General Hospital and the University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC
| | - K J Lumb
- Canadian Surgical Technologies and Advanced Robotics (CSTAR), Lawson Health Research Institute, and the Departments of Surgery, Electrical and Computer Engineering, Mechanical and Materials Engineering, University of Western Ontario, London, Ont
| | - A L Trejos
- Canadian Surgical Technologies and Advanced Robotics (CSTAR), Lawson Health Research Institute, and the Departments of Surgery, Electrical and Computer Engineering, Mechanical and Materials Engineering, University of Western Ontario, London, Ont
| | - C D W Ward
- Canadian Surgical Technologies and Advanced Robotics (CSTAR), Lawson Health Research Institute, and the Departments of Surgery, Electrical and Computer Engineering, Mechanical and Materials Engineering, University of Western Ontario, London, Ont
| | - M D Naish
- Canadian Surgical Technologies and Advanced Robotics (CSTAR), Lawson Health Research Institute, and the Departments of Surgery, Electrical and Computer Engineering, Mechanical and Materials Engineering, University of Western Ontario, London, Ont
| | - R V Patel
- Canadian Surgical Technologies and Advanced Robotics (CSTAR), Lawson Health Research Institute, and the Departments of Surgery, Electrical and Computer Engineering, Mechanical and Materials Engineering, University of Western Ontario, London, Ont
| | - C M Schlachta
- Canadian Surgical Technologies and Advanced Robotics (CSTAR), Lawson Health Research Institute, and the Departments of Surgery, Electrical and Computer Engineering, Mechanical and Materials Engineering, University of Western Ontario, London, Ont
| | - E Davenport
- From The Ottawa Hospital, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont
| | - F Haggar
- From The Ottawa Hospital, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont
| | - H Moloo
- From The Ottawa Hospital, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont
| | - R P Boushey
- From The Ottawa Hospital, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont
| | - E C Poulin
- From The Ottawa Hospital, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont
| | - J Mamazza
- From The Ottawa Hospital, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont
| | - K M Graybiel
- From the Department of Surgery, McMaster University, St. Joseph's Healthcare, Hamilton, Ont
| | - V T Fernandes
- From the Department of Surgery, McMaster University, St. Joseph's Healthcare, Hamilton, Ont
| | - J Hoogenes
- From the Department of Surgery, McMaster University, St. Joseph's Healthcare, Hamilton, Ont
| | - D Dath
- From the Department of Surgery, McMaster University, St. Joseph's Healthcare, Hamilton, Ont
| | - W Mohammad
- From the Department of Surgery, The Ottawa Hospital, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont
| | - D Trottier
- From the Department of Surgery, The Ottawa Hospital, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont
| | - K Nadolny
- From the Department of Surgery, The Ottawa Hospital, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont
| | - E C Poulin
- From the Department of Surgery, The Ottawa Hospital, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont
| | - J Mamazza
- From the Department of Surgery, The Ottawa Hospital, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont
| | - F Balaa
- From the Department of Surgery, The Ottawa Hospital, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont
| | - B Diederichs
- From the Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alta
| | - S Turner
- From the Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alta
| | - C de Gara
- From the Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alta
| | - G A Ghitulescu
- From the Department of Surgery, Jewish General Hospital, McGill University, Montréal, Que
| | - I Filip
- From the Department of Surgery, Jewish General Hospital, McGill University, Montréal, Que
| | - S Bergman
- From the Department of Surgery, Jewish General Hospital, McGill University, Montréal, Que
| | - S Fraser
- From the Department of Surgery, Jewish General Hospital, McGill University, Montréal, Que
| | - R J Finley
- From the University of British Columbia, Vancouver General Hospital, Vancouver, BC
| | - J Mayo
- From the University of British Columbia, Vancouver General Hospital, Vancouver, BC
| | - J Clifton
- From the University of British Columbia, Vancouver General Hospital, Vancouver, BC
| | - J Yee
- From the University of British Columbia, Vancouver General Hospital, Vancouver, BC
| | - K Evans
- From the University of British Columbia, Vancouver General Hospital, Vancouver, BC
| | - A MacWilliams
- From the University of British Columbia, Vancouver General Hospital, Vancouver, BC
| | - S Lam
- From the University of British Columbia, Vancouver General Hospital, Vancouver, BC
| | - J English
- From the University of British Columbia, Vancouver General Hospital, Vancouver, BC
| | - C Finley
- From the Toronto General Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont
| | - L Jacks
- From the Toronto General Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont
| | - G Darling
- From the Toronto General Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont
| | - W C Hanna
- From the Montréal General Hospital, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Que
| | - M Sudarshan
- From the Montréal General Hospital, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Que
| | - D Roberge
- From the Montréal General Hospital, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Que
| | - M David
- From the Montréal General Hospital, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Que
| | - K A Waschke
- From the Montréal General Hospital, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Que
| | - S Mayrand
- From the Montréal General Hospital, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Que
| | - L E Ferri
- From the Montréal General Hospital, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Que
| | - S Coughlin
- From the Department of Surgery, University of Western Ontario, London, Ont
| | | | - R Malthaner
- From the Department of Surgery, University of Western Ontario, London, Ont
| | - H S Grover
- From the Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, William Osler Health Centre, Brampton, and McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont
| | - S Basi
- From the Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, William Osler Health Centre, Brampton, and McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont
| | - P Chiasson
- From the Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, William Osler Health Centre, Brampton, and McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont
| | - S Basi
- From the Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, William Osler Health Centre, Brampton, and McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont
| | - K Irshad
- From the Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, William Osler Health Centre, Brampton, and McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont
| | | | - K N Vogt
- From the Department of Surgery, London Health Sciences Centre, London, Ont
| | - R A Malthaner
- From the Department of Surgery, London Health Sciences Centre, London, Ont
| | - J D Spicer
- From the L.D. Maclean Surgical Research Laboratories, Department of Surgery, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Que
| | - B McDonald
- From the L.D. Maclean Surgical Research Laboratories, Department of Surgery, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Que
| | - R Perera
- From the L.D. Maclean Surgical Research Laboratories, Department of Surgery, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Que
| | - M C Rousseau
- From the L.D. Maclean Surgical Research Laboratories, Department of Surgery, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Que
| | - C H F Chan
- From the L.D. Maclean Surgical Research Laboratories, Department of Surgery, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Que
| | - R Y C Hsu
- From the L.D. Maclean Surgical Research Laboratories, Department of Surgery, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Que
| | - B Giannias
- From the L.D. Maclean Surgical Research Laboratories, Department of Surgery, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Que
| | - L E Ferri
- From the L.D. Maclean Surgical Research Laboratories, Department of Surgery, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Que
| | - S Ahmed
- From the Brown University Oncology Group, Providence, Rhode Island
| | - A E Birnbaum
- From the Brown University Oncology Group, Providence, Rhode Island
| | - D Berz
- From the Brown University Oncology Group, Providence, Rhode Island
| | - J P Fontaine
- From the Brown University Oncology Group, Providence, Rhode Island
| | - T A Dipetrillo
- From the Brown University Oncology Group, Providence, Rhode Island
| | - N E Ready
- From the Brown University Oncology Group, Providence, Rhode Island
| | - T Ng
- From the Brown University Oncology Group, Providence, Rhode Island
| | - A Alhussaini
- From the Division of Thoracic Surgery, University of Ottawa, The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, Ont
| | - M Oberoi
- From the Division of Thoracic Surgery, University of Ottawa, The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, Ont
| | - J Threader
- From the Division of Thoracic Surgery, University of Ottawa, The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, Ont
| | - J Villeneuve
- From the Division of Thoracic Surgery, University of Ottawa, The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, Ont
| | - S Gilbert
- From the Division of Thoracic Surgery, University of Ottawa, The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, Ont
| | - F M Shamji
- From the Division of Thoracic Surgery, University of Ottawa, The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, Ont
| | - S Sundaresan
- From the Division of Thoracic Surgery, University of Ottawa, The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, Ont
| | - D Maziak
- From the Division of Thoracic Surgery, University of Ottawa, The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, Ont
| | - A Seely
- From the Division of Thoracic Surgery, University of Ottawa, The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, Ont
| | - K S Rammohan
- From the Department of Thoracic Surgery, University of Alberta, Institute of Health Economics, Edmonton, Alta
| | - I Hunt
- From the Department of Thoracic Surgery, University of Alberta, Institute of Health Economics, Edmonton, Alta
| | - A Chuck
- From the Department of Thoracic Surgery, University of Alberta, Institute of Health Economics, Edmonton, Alta
| | - S Gazala
- From the Department of Thoracic Surgery, University of Alberta, Institute of Health Economics, Edmonton, Alta
| | - A Valji
- From the Department of Thoracic Surgery, University of Alberta, Institute of Health Economics, Edmonton, Alta
| | - K Stewart
- From the Department of Thoracic Surgery, University of Alberta, Institute of Health Economics, Edmonton, Alta
| | - E L R Bedard
- From the Department of Thoracic Surgery, University of Alberta, Institute of Health Economics, Edmonton, Alta
| | - M Plourde
- From the Division of Thoracic Surgery, London Health Sciences Centre, London, Ont
| | - D Fortin
- From the Division of Thoracic Surgery, London Health Sciences Centre, London, Ont
| | - A Arab
- From the Division of Thoracic Surgery, London Health Sciences Centre, London, Ont
| | - R I Inculet
- From the Division of Thoracic Surgery, London Health Sciences Centre, London, Ont
| | - R A Malthaner
- From the Division of Thoracic Surgery, London Health Sciences Centre, London, Ont
| | - S C Bharadwaj
- From the Department of Surgery, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Man
| | - T Hamin
- From the Department of Surgery, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Man
| | - L A Tan
- From the Department of Surgery, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Man
| | - H W Unruh
- From the Department of Surgery, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Man
| | - S K Srinathan
- From the Department of Surgery, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Man
| | - A L McGuire
- From the Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kingston General Hospital, Queen's University, Kingston, Ont
| | - D Petsikas
- From the Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kingston General Hospital, Queen's University, Kingston, Ont
| | - K Reid
- From the Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kingston General Hospital, Queen's University, Kingston, Ont
| | - W Hopman
- From the Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kingston General Hospital, Queen's University, Kingston, Ont
| | - P Levine
- From the Department of Surgery, Montréal General Hospital, McGill University, Montréal, Que
| | - M Rousseau
- From the Department of Surgery, Montréal General Hospital, McGill University, Montréal, Que
| | - J Spicer
- From the Department of Surgery, Montréal General Hospital, McGill University, Montréal, Que
| | - L E Ferri
- From the Department of Surgery, Montréal General Hospital, McGill University, Montréal, Que
| | - A S Ashrafi
- From the Surrey Thoracic Surgery Group, Surrey Memorial Hospital, Surrey, BC
| | - R J Bond
- From the Surrey Thoracic Surgery Group, Surrey Memorial Hospital, Surrey, BC
| | - S R Ong
- From the Surrey Thoracic Surgery Group, Surrey Memorial Hospital, Surrey, BC
| | - S Y Ahmadi
- From the Surrey Thoracic Surgery Group, Surrey Memorial Hospital, Surrey, BC
| | - S L Partington
- From the Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Division of Thoracic Surgery, the Department of Surgery, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alta
| | - A J Graham
- From the Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Division of Thoracic Surgery, the Department of Surgery, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alta
| | - S Owen
- From the Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Division of Thoracic Surgery, the Department of Surgery, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alta
| | - E J Kelly
- From the Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Division of Thoracic Surgery, the Department of Surgery, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alta
| | - G Gelfand
- From the Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Division of Thoracic Surgery, the Department of Surgery, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alta
| | - S C Grondin
- From the Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Division of Thoracic Surgery, the Department of Surgery, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alta
| | - S D McFadden
- From the Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Division of Thoracic Surgery, the Department of Surgery, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alta
| | - E Oddone Paolucci
- From the Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Division of Thoracic Surgery, the Department of Surgery, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alta
| | - S G Weeks
- From the Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Division of Thoracic Surgery, the Department of Surgery, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alta
| | - P J Davis
- From the Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS
| | - M Molinari
- From the Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS
| | - T Topp
- From the Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS
| | - M J Walsh
- From the Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS
| | - E Simoneau
- From the Departments of General Surgery, Radiology and Endocrinology, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Que
| | - M Hassanain
- From the Departments of General Surgery, Radiology and Endocrinology, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Que
| | - T Cabrera
- From the Departments of General Surgery, Radiology and Endocrinology, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Que
| | - P Chaudhury
- From the Departments of General Surgery, Radiology and Endocrinology, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Que
| | - S Dumitra
- From the Departments of General Surgery, Radiology and Endocrinology, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Que
| | - M Aljiffry
- From the Departments of General Surgery, Radiology and Endocrinology, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Que
| | - I Feteih
- From the Departments of General Surgery, Radiology and Endocrinology, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Que
| | - S Leduc
- From the Departments of General Surgery, Radiology and Endocrinology, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Que
| | - J Rivera
- From the Departments of General Surgery, Radiology and Endocrinology, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Que
| | - M Jamal
- From the Departments of General Surgery, Radiology and Endocrinology, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Que
| | - D Valenti
- From the Departments of General Surgery, Radiology and Endocrinology, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Que
| | - P Metrakos
- From the Departments of General Surgery, Radiology and Endocrinology, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Que
| | - K Elgadi
- From the University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont
| | - W Cherniak
- From the University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont
| | - D Chan
- From the University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont
| | - A C Wei
- From the University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont
| | - S Gallinger
- From the University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont
| | - W Mohammad
- From the Department of Surgery, The Ottawa Hospital, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont
| | - R Mimeault
- From the Department of Surgery, The Ottawa Hospital, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont
| | - R Fairfull-Smith
- From the Department of Surgery, The Ottawa Hospital, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont
| | - R Auer
- From the Department of Surgery, The Ottawa Hospital, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont
| | - F Balaa
- From the Department of Surgery, The Ottawa Hospital, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont
| | - J Kwan
- From the Departments of General Surgery, Radiology and Oncology, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Que
| | - M Hassanain
- From the Departments of General Surgery, Radiology and Oncology, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Que
| | - P Chaudhury
- From the Departments of General Surgery, Radiology and Oncology, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Que
| | - C Dey
- From the Departments of General Surgery, Radiology and Oncology, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Que
| | - R Gadahadh
- From the Departments of General Surgery, Radiology and Oncology, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Que
| | - A Salman
- From the Departments of General Surgery, Radiology and Oncology, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Que
| | - E Simoneau
- From the Departments of General Surgery, Radiology and Oncology, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Que
| | - N Meti
- From the Departments of General Surgery, Radiology and Oncology, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Que
| | - M Aljiffry
- From the Departments of General Surgery, Radiology and Oncology, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Que
| | - M Jamal
- From the Departments of General Surgery, Radiology and Oncology, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Que
| | - T Cabrera
- From the Departments of General Surgery, Radiology and Oncology, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Que
| | - N Bouganim
- From the Departments of General Surgery, Radiology and Oncology, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Que
| | - P Kavan
- From the Departments of General Surgery, Radiology and Oncology, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Que
| | - T Alcindor
- From the Departments of General Surgery, Radiology and Oncology, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Que
| | - D Valenti
- From the Departments of General Surgery, Radiology and Oncology, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Que
| | - P Metrakos
- From the Departments of General Surgery, Radiology and Oncology, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Que
| | - B Brar
- From the Department of Surgery, Foothills Hospital, Calgary, Alta
| | - F Sutherland
- From the Department of Surgery, Foothills Hospital, Calgary, Alta
| | - A Bégin
- From the Unit of Hepatobiliary Surgery and Liver Transplantation, Hôpital Saint-Luc, CHUM, Montréal, Que
| | - D Bourdonnais
- From the Unit of Hepatobiliary Surgery and Liver Transplantation, Hôpital Saint-Luc, CHUM, Montréal, Que
| | - R Lapointe
- From the Unit of Hepatobiliary Surgery and Liver Transplantation, Hôpital Saint-Luc, CHUM, Montréal, Que
| | - M Plasse
- From the Unit of Hepatobiliary Surgery and Liver Transplantation, Hôpital Saint-Luc, CHUM, Montréal, Que
| | - R Létourneau
- From the Unit of Hepatobiliary Surgery and Liver Transplantation, Hôpital Saint-Luc, CHUM, Montréal, Que
| | - A Roy
- From the Unit of Hepatobiliary Surgery and Liver Transplantation, Hôpital Saint-Luc, CHUM, Montréal, Que
| | - M Dagenais
- From the Unit of Hepatobiliary Surgery and Liver Transplantation, Hôpital Saint-Luc, CHUM, Montréal, Que
| | - F Vandenbroucke-Menu
- From the Unit of Hepatobiliary Surgery and Liver Transplantation, Hôpital Saint-Luc, CHUM, Montréal, Que
| | - A Bégin
- From the Unit of Hepatobiliary Surgery and Liver Transplantation, Hôpital Saint-Luc, CHUM, Montréal, Que
| | - D Bourdonnais
- From the Unit of Hepatobiliary Surgery and Liver Transplantation, Hôpital Saint-Luc, CHUM, Montréal, Que
| | - R Lapointe
- From the Unit of Hepatobiliary Surgery and Liver Transplantation, Hôpital Saint-Luc, CHUM, Montréal, Que
| | - M Plasse
- From the Unit of Hepatobiliary Surgery and Liver Transplantation, Hôpital Saint-Luc, CHUM, Montréal, Que
| | - R Létourneau
- From the Unit of Hepatobiliary Surgery and Liver Transplantation, Hôpital Saint-Luc, CHUM, Montréal, Que
| | - M Dagenais
- From the Unit of Hepatobiliary Surgery and Liver Transplantation, Hôpital Saint-Luc, CHUM, Montréal, Que
| | - A Roy
- From the Unit of Hepatobiliary Surgery and Liver Transplantation, Hôpital Saint-Luc, CHUM, Montréal, Que
| | - F Vandenbroucke-Menu
- From the Unit of Hepatobiliary Surgery and Liver Transplantation, Hôpital Saint-Luc, CHUM, Montréal, Que
| | - A Bégin
- From the Unit of Hepatobiliary Surgery and Liver Transplantation, Hôpital Saint-Luc, CHUM, Montréal, Que
| | - S Ismail
- From the Unit of Hepatobiliary Surgery and Liver Transplantation, Hôpital Saint-Luc, CHUM, Montréal, Que
| | - F Vandenbroucke-Menu
- From the Unit of Hepatobiliary Surgery and Liver Transplantation, Hôpital Saint-Luc, CHUM, Montréal, Que
| | - R Létourneau
- From the Unit of Hepatobiliary Surgery and Liver Transplantation, Hôpital Saint-Luc, CHUM, Montréal, Que
| | - M Plasse
- From the Unit of Hepatobiliary Surgery and Liver Transplantation, Hôpital Saint-Luc, CHUM, Montréal, Que
| | - A Roy
- From the Unit of Hepatobiliary Surgery and Liver Transplantation, Hôpital Saint-Luc, CHUM, Montréal, Que
| | - M Dagenais
- From the Unit of Hepatobiliary Surgery and Liver Transplantation, Hôpital Saint-Luc, CHUM, Montréal, Que
| | - R Lapointe
- From the Unit of Hepatobiliary Surgery and Liver Transplantation, Hôpital Saint-Luc, CHUM, Montréal, Que
| | - E F Greco
- From the Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont
| | - S Nanji
- From the Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont
| | - S A Shah
- From the Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont
| | - A C Wei
- From the Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont
| | - P D Greig
- From the Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont
| | - S Gallinger
- From the Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont
| | - S P Cleary
- From the Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont
| | - D P Al-Adra
- From the Department of Surgery, University of Alberta Hospital, Edmonton, Alta
| | - C Anderson
- From the Department of Surgery, University of Alberta Hospital, Edmonton, Alta
| | - S Nanji
- From the Departments of Surgery and Pathology, University Health Network, and the Division of Hepatobiliary Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont
| | - P Ryan
- From the Departments of Surgery and Pathology, University Health Network, and the Division of Hepatobiliary Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont
| | - M Guindi
- From the Departments of Surgery and Pathology, University Health Network, and the Division of Hepatobiliary Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont
| | - S Selvarajah
- From the Departments of Surgery and Pathology, University Health Network, and the Division of Hepatobiliary Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont
| | - P Greig
- From the Departments of Surgery and Pathology, University Health Network, and the Division of Hepatobiliary Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont
| | - I McGilvray
- From the Departments of Surgery and Pathology, University Health Network, and the Division of Hepatobiliary Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont
| | - B Taylor
- From the Departments of Surgery and Pathology, University Health Network, and the Division of Hepatobiliary Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont
| | - A Wei
- From the Departments of Surgery and Pathology, University Health Network, and the Division of Hepatobiliary Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont
| | - C Moulton
- From the Departments of Surgery and Pathology, University Health Network, and the Division of Hepatobiliary Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont
| | - S P Cleary
- From the Departments of Surgery and Pathology, University Health Network, and the Division of Hepatobiliary Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont
| | - S Gallinger
- From the Departments of Surgery and Pathology, University Health Network, and the Division of Hepatobiliary Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont
| | - C Sandroussi
- From the Department of Surgery, Toronto General Hospital, University of Toronto, and the Department of Surgery, St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont
| | - C Brace
- From the Department of Surgery, Toronto General Hospital, University of Toronto, and the Department of Surgery, St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont
| | - E Kennedy
- From the Department of Surgery, Toronto General Hospital, University of Toronto, and the Department of Surgery, St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont
| | - N Baxter
- From the Department of Surgery, Toronto General Hospital, University of Toronto, and the Department of Surgery, St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont
| | - S Gallinger
- From the Department of Surgery, Toronto General Hospital, University of Toronto, and the Department of Surgery, St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont
| | - A C Wei
- From the Department of Surgery, Toronto General Hospital, University of Toronto, and the Department of Surgery, St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont
| | - T Yamashita
- From the University of Western Ontario, London, Ont
| | - K Leslie
- From the University of Western Ontario, London, Ont
| | - S R McLean
- From the Department of Surgery, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alta
| | - D Karsanji
- From the Department of Surgery, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alta
| | - E Dixon
- From the Department of Surgery, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alta
| | - F R Sutherland
- From the Department of Surgery, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alta
| | - O F Bathe
- From the Department of Surgery, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alta
| | - R R Suri
- From the Department of Surgery, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont
| | - M J Marcaccio
- From the Department of Surgery, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont
| | - L Ruo
- From the Department of Surgery, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont
| | - M H Jamal
- From the Department of Surgery, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Que., and the School of Population Health, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - E Simoneau
- From the Department of Surgery, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Que., and the School of Population Health, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - J Abou Khalil
- From the Department of Surgery, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Que., and the School of Population Health, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - M Hassanain
- From the Department of Surgery, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Que., and the School of Population Health, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - P Chaudhury
- From the Department of Surgery, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Que., and the School of Population Health, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - J Tchervenkov
- From the Department of Surgery, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Que., and the School of Population Health, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - P Metrakos
- From the Department of Surgery, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Que., and the School of Population Health, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - S A Doi
- From the Department of Surgery, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Que., and the School of Population Health, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - J S Barkun
- From the Department of Surgery, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Que., and the School of Population Health, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - C Barnett
- From the Departments of Surgery and Anesthesia, McMaster University Medical Centre, Hamilton, Ont
| | - M J Marcaccio
- From the Departments of Surgery and Anesthesia, McMaster University Medical Centre, Hamilton, Ont
| | - J J Hankinson
- From the Departments of Surgery and Anesthesia, McMaster University Medical Centre, Hamilton, Ont
| | - L Ruo
- From the Departments of Surgery and Anesthesia, McMaster University Medical Centre, Hamilton, Ont
| | - A Alawashez
- From the Department of Surgery, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS
| | - J Ellsmere
- From the Department of Surgery, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS
| | - A Neville
- From the McGill University, Montréal, Que
| | - M Boutros
- From the McGill University, Montréal, Que
| | - J Barkun
- From the McGill University, Montréal, Que
| | - M E Wiebe
- From the Division of General Surgery, University Health Network, and the Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont
| | - L Sandhu
- From the Division of General Surgery, University Health Network, and the Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont
| | - J L Takata
- From the Division of General Surgery, University Health Network, and the Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont
| | - E D Kennedy
- From the Division of General Surgery, University Health Network, and the Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont
| | - N N Baxter
- From the Division of General Surgery, University Health Network, and the Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont
| | - A R Gagliardi
- From the Division of General Surgery, University Health Network, and the Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont
| | - D R Urbach
- From the Division of General Surgery, University Health Network, and the Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont
| | - A C Wei
- From the Division of General Surgery, University Health Network, and the Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont
| | - G Chan
- From the Multi-Organ Transplant Program, University Hospital, London Regional Cancer Program, Victoria Hospital, London, Ont
| | - W Kocha
- From the Multi-Organ Transplant Program, University Hospital, London Regional Cancer Program, Victoria Hospital, London, Ont
| | - R Reid
- From the Multi-Organ Transplant Program, University Hospital, London Regional Cancer Program, Victoria Hospital, London, Ont
| | - W Wall
- From the Multi-Organ Transplant Program, University Hospital, London Regional Cancer Program, Victoria Hospital, London, Ont
| | - D Quan
- From the Multi-Organ Transplant Program, University Hospital, London Regional Cancer Program, Victoria Hospital, London, Ont
| | - P Lovrics
- From the Department of Surgery, McMaster University, Hamilton, and the Department of Surgical Oncology, Princess Margaret Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto, Ont
| | - N Hodgson
- From the Department of Surgery, McMaster University, Hamilton, and the Department of Surgical Oncology, Princess Margaret Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto, Ont
| | - G Ghola
- From the Department of Surgery, McMaster University, Hamilton, and the Department of Surgical Oncology, Princess Margaret Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto, Ont
| | - S Franic
- From the Department of Surgery, McMaster University, Hamilton, and the Department of Surgical Oncology, Princess Margaret Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto, Ont
| | - C Goldsmith
- From the Department of Surgery, McMaster University, Hamilton, and the Department of Surgical Oncology, Princess Margaret Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto, Ont
| | - D McCready
- From the Department of Surgery, McMaster University, Hamilton, and the Department of Surgical Oncology, Princess Margaret Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto, Ont
| | - S Cornacchi
- From the Department of Surgery, McMaster University, Hamilton, and the Department of Surgical Oncology, Princess Margaret Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto, Ont
| | - A Garnett
- From the Department of Surgery, McMaster University, Hamilton, and the Department of Surgical Oncology, Princess Margaret Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto, Ont
| | - M Reedijk
- From the Department of Surgery, McMaster University, Hamilton, and the Department of Surgical Oncology, Princess Margaret Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto, Ont
| | - A S Scheer
- From the University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont., and the Weill Cornell Medical College, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - J I McSparron
- From the University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont., and the Weill Cornell Medical College, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - A R Schulman
- From the University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont., and the Weill Cornell Medical College, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - S Tuorto
- From the University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont., and the Weill Cornell Medical College, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - M Gonen
- From the University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont., and the Weill Cornell Medical College, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - J Gonsalves
- From the University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont., and the Weill Cornell Medical College, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - Y Fong
- From the University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont., and the Weill Cornell Medical College, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - R A C Auer
- From the University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont., and the Weill Cornell Medical College, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - V Francescutti
- From the Department of General Surgery, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont
| | - A Coates
- From the Department of General Surgery, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont
| | - L Thabane
- From the Department of General Surgery, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont
| | - C H Goldsmith
- From the Department of General Surgery, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont
| | - M Levine
- From the Department of General Surgery, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont
| | - M Simunovic
- From the Department of General Surgery, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont
| | - D P Richardson
- From the Division of General Surgery, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS
| | - G Porter
- From the Division of General Surgery, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS
| | - P M Johnson
- From the Division of General Surgery, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS
| | - M Leon-Carlyle
- From the Toronto General Hospital, University Health Network, St. Michael's Hospital, Mount Sinai Hospital, Sunnybrook Health Science Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont
| | - S Schmocker
- From the Toronto General Hospital, University Health Network, St. Michael's Hospital, Mount Sinai Hospital, Sunnybrook Health Science Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont
| | - B I O'Connor
- From the Toronto General Hospital, University Health Network, St. Michael's Hospital, Mount Sinai Hospital, Sunnybrook Health Science Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont
| | - J C Victor
- From the Toronto General Hospital, University Health Network, St. Michael's Hospital, Mount Sinai Hospital, Sunnybrook Health Science Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont
| | - N N Baxter
- From the Toronto General Hospital, University Health Network, St. Michael's Hospital, Mount Sinai Hospital, Sunnybrook Health Science Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont
| | - A J Smith
- From the Toronto General Hospital, University Health Network, St. Michael's Hospital, Mount Sinai Hospital, Sunnybrook Health Science Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont
| | - R S McLeod
- From the Toronto General Hospital, University Health Network, St. Michael's Hospital, Mount Sinai Hospital, Sunnybrook Health Science Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont
| | - E D Kennedy
- From the Toronto General Hospital, University Health Network, St. Michael's Hospital, Mount Sinai Hospital, Sunnybrook Health Science Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont
| | - C H F Chan
- From the Department of Surgery, McGill University Health Centre, and the Goodman Cancer Centre, McGill University, Montréal, Que
| | - A Arabzadeh
- From the Department of Surgery, McGill University Health Centre, and the Goodman Cancer Centre, McGill University, Montréal, Que
| | - L DeMarte
- From the Department of Surgery, McGill University Health Centre, and the Goodman Cancer Centre, McGill University, Montréal, Que
| | - J D Spicer
- From the Department of Surgery, McGill University Health Centre, and the Goodman Cancer Centre, McGill University, Montréal, Que
| | - C Turbide
- From the Department of Surgery, McGill University Health Centre, and the Goodman Cancer Centre, McGill University, Montréal, Que
| | - P Brodt
- From the Department of Surgery, McGill University Health Centre, and the Goodman Cancer Centre, McGill University, Montréal, Que
| | - N Beauchemin
- From the Department of Surgery, McGill University Health Centre, and the Goodman Cancer Centre, McGill University, Montréal, Que
| | - L E Ferri
- From the Department of Surgery, McGill University Health Centre, and the Goodman Cancer Centre, McGill University, Montréal, Que
| | - F Zih
- From the Department of Surgical Oncology, Mount Sinai Hospital, Princess Margaret Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont
| | - T Panzarella
- From the Department of Surgical Oncology, Mount Sinai Hospital, Princess Margaret Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont
| | - C Hummel
- From the Department of Surgical Oncology, Mount Sinai Hospital, Princess Margaret Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont
| | - J Petronis
- From the Department of Surgical Oncology, Mount Sinai Hospital, Princess Margaret Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont
| | - A McCart
- From the Department of Surgical Oncology, Mount Sinai Hospital, Princess Margaret Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont
| | - C Swallow
- From the Department of Surgical Oncology, Mount Sinai Hospital, Princess Margaret Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont
| | - A Mathieson
- From the Departments of Surgery and Medical Oncology, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Odette Cancer Centre, Toronto, Ont
| | - P F Ridgway
- From the Departments of Surgery and Medical Oncology, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Odette Cancer Centre, Toronto, Ont
| | - Y J Ko
- From the Departments of Surgery and Medical Oncology, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Odette Cancer Centre, Toronto, Ont
| | - A J Smith
- From the Departments of Surgery and Medical Oncology, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Odette Cancer Centre, Toronto, Ont
| | - M Gieni
- From the Department of Surgery, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont
| | - L Dickson
- From the Department of Surgery, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont
| | - N Sne
- From the Department of Surgery, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont
| | - R Avram
- From the Department of Surgery, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont
| | - F Farrokhyar
- From the Department of Surgery, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont
| | - M Smith
- From the Departments of Surgery, Microbiology and Immunology, Pathology, Queen Elizabeth II Health Science Centres, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS
| | - C Giacomantonio
- From the Departments of Surgery, Microbiology and Immunology, Pathology, Queen Elizabeth II Health Science Centres, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS
| | - D Hoskin
- From the Departments of Surgery, Microbiology and Immunology, Pathology, Queen Elizabeth II Health Science Centres, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS
| | - C Doyon
- From the Département de chirurgie oncologique et hépatobiliaire, Centres hospitaliers universitaires, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Que
| | - G Martin
- From the Département de chirurgie oncologique et hépatobiliaire, Centres hospitaliers universitaires, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Que
| | - E Patocskai
- From the Département de chirurgie oncologique et hépatobiliaire, Centres hospitaliers universitaires, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Que
| | - S S Brar
- From the London School of Economics, London, UK, and the Division of General Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont
| | - F Wright
- From the London School of Economics, London, UK, and the Division of General Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont
| | - A Okrainec
- From the London School of Economics, London, UK, and the Division of General Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont
| | - A J Smith
- From the London School of Economics, London, UK, and the Division of General Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont
| | - D A Bischof
- From the Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont
| | - B Maier
- From the Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont
| | - M Fitch
- From the Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont
| | - F C Wright
- From the Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont
| | - C R Baliski
- From the Departments of Surgery, Surgical Oncology and Diagnostic Imaging, Kelowna General Hospital, BC Cancer Agency, Kelowna, BC
| | - A Kluftinger
- From the Departments of Surgery, Surgical Oncology and Diagnostic Imaging, Kelowna General Hospital, BC Cancer Agency, Kelowna, BC
| | - M MacLeod
- From the Departments of Surgery, Surgical Oncology and Diagnostic Imaging, Kelowna General Hospital, BC Cancer Agency, Kelowna, BC
| | - S Kwong
- From the Departments of Surgery, Surgical Oncology and Diagnostic Imaging, Kelowna General Hospital, BC Cancer Agency, Kelowna, BC
| | - J M Racz
- From the Division of General Surgery, University of Western Ontario, London Health Sciences Centre, London, Ont
| | - A Fortin
- From the Division of General Surgery, University of Western Ontario, London Health Sciences Centre, London, Ont
| | - S Latosinsky
- From the Division of General Surgery, University of Western Ontario, London Health Sciences Centre, London, Ont
| | - D E Messenger
- From the Departments of General Surgery and Pathology, Dr. Zane Cohen Clinical Research Centre, Samuel Lunenfeld Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ont
| | - R Kirsch
- From the Departments of General Surgery and Pathology, Dr. Zane Cohen Clinical Research Centre, Samuel Lunenfeld Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ont
| | - R S McLeod
- From the Departments of General Surgery and Pathology, Dr. Zane Cohen Clinical Research Centre, Samuel Lunenfeld Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ont
| | - N Aslani
- From the University of British Columbia, BC Cancer Agency, Vancouver, BC
| | - B Heidary
- From the University of British Columbia, BC Cancer Agency, Vancouver, BC
| | - K Lobo Prabhu
- From the University of British Columbia, BC Cancer Agency, Vancouver, BC
| | - M Raval
- From the University of British Columbia, BC Cancer Agency, Vancouver, BC
| | - P T Phang
- From the University of British Columbia, BC Cancer Agency, Vancouver, BC
| | - C Brow
- From the University of British Columbia, BC Cancer Agency, Vancouver, BC
| | - D P Richardson
- From the Division of General Surgery, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS
| | - G Porter
- From the Division of General Surgery, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS
| | - P M Johnson
- From the Division of General Surgery, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS
| | - H Moloo
- From the Departments of Surgery and Epidemiology, The Ottawa Hospital and The Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ont
| | - F Haggar
- From the Departments of Surgery and Epidemiology, The Ottawa Hospital and The Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ont
| | - S Duhaime
- From the Departments of Surgery and Epidemiology, The Ottawa Hospital and The Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ont
| | - B Hutton
- From the Departments of Surgery and Epidemiology, The Ottawa Hospital and The Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ont
| | - J Grimshaw
- From the Departments of Surgery and Epidemiology, The Ottawa Hospital and The Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ont
| | - D Coyle
- From the Departments of Surgery and Epidemiology, The Ottawa Hospital and The Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ont
| | - E C Poulin
- From the Departments of Surgery and Epidemiology, The Ottawa Hospital and The Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ont
| | - J Mamazza
- From the Departments of Surgery and Epidemiology, The Ottawa Hospital and The Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ont
| | - R P Boushey
- From the Departments of Surgery and Epidemiology, The Ottawa Hospital and The Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ont
| | - B C Paun
- From the Department of Surgery, Foothills Medical Centre, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alta
| | - A A M Shaheen
- From the Department of Surgery, Foothills Medical Centre, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alta
| | - E Dixon
- From the Department of Surgery, Foothills Medical Centre, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alta
| | - A R Maclean
- From the Department of Surgery, Foothills Medical Centre, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alta
| | - W D Buie
- From the Department of Surgery, Foothills Medical Centre, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alta
| | - F Moustarah
- From the Bariatric and Metabolic Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - J Talarico
- From the Bariatric and Metabolic Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - J Zink
- From the Bariatric and Metabolic Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - P Gatmaitan
- From the Bariatric and Metabolic Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - P Schauer
- From the Bariatric and Metabolic Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - B Chand
- From the Bariatric and Metabolic Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - S Brethauer
- From the Bariatric and Metabolic Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - G Martel
- From the Department of Surgery, The Ottawa Hospital, The Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont., the Health Services Research Unit, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK, and the Department of Surgery, McGill University, Montréal, Que
| | - S Duhaime
- From the Department of Surgery, The Ottawa Hospital, The Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont., the Health Services Research Unit, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK, and the Department of Surgery, McGill University, Montréal, Que
| | - C R Ramsay
- From the Department of Surgery, The Ottawa Hospital, The Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont., the Health Services Research Unit, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK, and the Department of Surgery, McGill University, Montréal, Que
| | - J S Barkun
- From the Department of Surgery, The Ottawa Hospital, The Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont., the Health Services Research Unit, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK, and the Department of Surgery, McGill University, Montréal, Que
| | - D A Ferguson
- From the Department of Surgery, The Ottawa Hospital, The Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont., the Health Services Research Unit, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK, and the Department of Surgery, McGill University, Montréal, Que
| | - R P Boushey
- From the Department of Surgery, The Ottawa Hospital, The Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont., the Health Services Research Unit, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK, and the Department of Surgery, McGill University, Montréal, Que
| | - V N Palter
- From the Department of Surgery, St. Michael's Hospital, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ont
| | - H M MacRae
- From the Department of Surgery, St. Michael's Hospital, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ont
| | - T P Grantcharov
- From the Department of Surgery, St. Michael's Hospital, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ont
| | - D E Messenger
- From the Department of General Surgery, Dr. Zane Cohen Clinical Research Centre, Samuel Lunenfeld Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ont
| | - J C Victor
- From the Department of General Surgery, Dr. Zane Cohen Clinical Research Centre, Samuel Lunenfeld Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ont
| | - B I O'Connor
- From the Department of General Surgery, Dr. Zane Cohen Clinical Research Centre, Samuel Lunenfeld Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ont
| | - H M MacRae
- From the Department of General Surgery, Dr. Zane Cohen Clinical Research Centre, Samuel Lunenfeld Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ont
| | - R S McLeod
- From the Department of General Surgery, Dr. Zane Cohen Clinical Research Centre, Samuel Lunenfeld Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ont
| | - S Al-Sabah
- From the Steinberg-Bernstein Centre for Minimally Invasive Surgery and Innovation, Section of Colon and Rectal Surgery, Montréal General Hospital, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Que
| | - L S Feldman
- From the Steinberg-Bernstein Centre for Minimally Invasive Surgery and Innovation, Section of Colon and Rectal Surgery, Montréal General Hospital, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Que
| | - P Charlebois
- From the Steinberg-Bernstein Centre for Minimally Invasive Surgery and Innovation, Section of Colon and Rectal Surgery, Montréal General Hospital, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Que
| | - B Stein
- From the Steinberg-Bernstein Centre for Minimally Invasive Surgery and Innovation, Section of Colon and Rectal Surgery, Montréal General Hospital, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Que
| | - P A Kaneva
- From the Steinberg-Bernstein Centre for Minimally Invasive Surgery and Innovation, Section of Colon and Rectal Surgery, Montréal General Hospital, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Que
| | - G M Fried
- From the Steinberg-Bernstein Centre for Minimally Invasive Surgery and Innovation, Section of Colon and Rectal Surgery, Montréal General Hospital, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Que
| | - A S Liberman
- From the Steinberg-Bernstein Centre for Minimally Invasive Surgery and Innovation, Section of Colon and Rectal Surgery, Montréal General Hospital, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Que
| | - A M Borowiec
- From the Department of Surgery, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alta
| | - S Karmal
- From the Department of Surgery, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alta
| | - I Apriasz
- From the Departments of General Surgery, Gastroenterology and Radiology, London Health Sciences Centre, University of Western Ontario, London, Ont
| | - B Mysliwiec
- From the Departments of General Surgery, Gastroenterology and Radiology, London Health Sciences Centre, University of Western Ontario, London, Ont
| | - N Hussain
- From the Departments of General Surgery, Gastroenterology and Radiology, London Health Sciences Centre, University of Western Ontario, London, Ont
| | - M Ott
- From the Departments of General Surgery, Gastroenterology and Radiology, London Health Sciences Centre, University of Western Ontario, London, Ont
| | - R Reynolds
- From the Departments of General Surgery, Gastroenterology and Radiology, London Health Sciences Centre, University of Western Ontario, London, Ont
| | - A Lum
- From the Departments of General Surgery, Gastroenterology and Radiology, London Health Sciences Centre, University of Western Ontario, London, Ont
| | - L J Williams
- From the Department of Surgery, Regional Cancer Program, The Ottawa Hospital, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont
| | - R Morash
- From the Department of Surgery, Regional Cancer Program, The Ottawa Hospital, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont
| | - S Shin
- From the Department of Surgery, Regional Cancer Program, The Ottawa Hospital, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont
| | - J Smylie
- From the Department of Surgery, Regional Cancer Program, The Ottawa Hospital, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont
| | - H Moloo
- From the Department of Surgery, Regional Cancer Program, The Ottawa Hospital, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont
| | - R Auer
- From the Department of Surgery, Regional Cancer Program, The Ottawa Hospital, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont
| | - E C Poulin
- From the Department of Surgery, Regional Cancer Program, The Ottawa Hospital, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont
| | - J Mamazza
- From the Department of Surgery, Regional Cancer Program, The Ottawa Hospital, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont
| | - J Watters
- From the Department of Surgery, Regional Cancer Program, The Ottawa Hospital, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont
| | - M Fung-Kee-Fung
- From the Department of Surgery, Regional Cancer Program, The Ottawa Hospital, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont
| | - R P Boushey
- From the Department of Surgery, Regional Cancer Program, The Ottawa Hospital, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont
| | - J S Pelletier
- From the Department of Surgery, University of Alberta, and the Department of Biostatistics, Cross Cancer Institute, Edmonton, Alta
| | - C J de Gara
- From the Department of Surgery, University of Alberta, and the Department of Biostatistics, Cross Cancer Institute, Edmonton, Alta
| | - J White
- From the Department of Surgery, University of Alberta, and the Department of Biostatistics, Cross Cancer Institute, Edmonton, Alta
| | - S Ghosh
- From the Department of Surgery, University of Alberta, and the Department of Biostatistics, Cross Cancer Institute, Edmonton, Alta
| | - D Schiller
- From the Department of Surgery, University of Alberta, and the Department of Biostatistics, Cross Cancer Institute, Edmonton, Alta
| | - S Drolet
- From the Department of Surgery, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alta
| | - E O Paolucci
- From the Department of Surgery, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alta
| | - J Heine
- From the Department of Surgery, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alta
| | - W D Buie
- From the Department of Surgery, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alta
| | - A R Maclean
- From the Department of Surgery, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alta
| | - A Barnes
- From the Department of Surgery, University of Ottawa, and The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, Ont
| | - S Liang
- From the Department of Surgery, University of Ottawa, and The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, Ont
| | - R Auer
- From the Department of Surgery, University of Ottawa, and The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, Ont
| | - H Moloo
- From the Department of Surgery, University of Ottawa, and The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, Ont
| | - J Mamazza
- From the Department of Surgery, University of Ottawa, and The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, Ont
| | - E C Poulin
- From the Department of Surgery, University of Ottawa, and The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, Ont
| | - R P Boushey
- From the Department of Surgery, University of Ottawa, and The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, Ont
| | - A E Klevan
- From the Departments of Surgery, Pathology and Molecular Medicine, Hamilton Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont
| | - A A Dalvi
- From the Departments of Surgery, Pathology and Molecular Medicine, Hamilton Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont
| | - J A Ramsay
- From the Departments of Surgery, Pathology and Molecular Medicine, Hamilton Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont
| | - W J Stephen
- From the Departments of Surgery, Pathology and Molecular Medicine, Hamilton Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont
| | - C Nhan
- From the Surgical Oncology Program, Cancer Care Ontario, Department of Pathology, University of Western Ontario, London, and the Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont
| | - D K Driman
- From the Surgical Oncology Program, Cancer Care Ontario, Department of Pathology, University of Western Ontario, London, and the Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont
| | - M Raby
- From the Surgical Oncology Program, Cancer Care Ontario, Department of Pathology, University of Western Ontario, London, and the Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont
| | - A J Smith
- From the Surgical Oncology Program, Cancer Care Ontario, Department of Pathology, University of Western Ontario, London, and the Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont
| | - A Hunter
- From the Surgical Oncology Program, Cancer Care Ontario, Department of Pathology, University of Western Ontario, London, and the Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont
| | - J Srigley
- From the Surgical Oncology Program, Cancer Care Ontario, Department of Pathology, University of Western Ontario, London, and the Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont
| | - R S McLeod
- From the Surgical Oncology Program, Cancer Care Ontario, Department of Pathology, University of Western Ontario, London, and the Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont
| | - S Zolfaghari
- From the Department of Surgery, The Ottawa Hospital, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont
| | - R Auer
- From the Department of Surgery, The Ottawa Hospital, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont
| | - H Moloo
- From the Department of Surgery, The Ottawa Hospital, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont
| | - J Mamazza
- From the Department of Surgery, The Ottawa Hospital, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont
| | - M Friedlich
- From the Department of Surgery, The Ottawa Hospital, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont
| | - E C Poulin
- From the Department of Surgery, The Ottawa Hospital, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont
| | - H S Stern
- From the Department of Surgery, The Ottawa Hospital, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont
| | - R P Boushey
- From the Department of Surgery, The Ottawa Hospital, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont
| | - A S Scheer
- From the Division of General Surgery, The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, Ont
| | - R P Boushey
- From the Division of General Surgery, The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, Ont
| | - S Liang
- From the Division of General Surgery, The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, Ont
| | - S Doucette
- From the Division of General Surgery, The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, Ont
| | - A M O'Connor
- From the Division of General Surgery, The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, Ont
| | - D Moher
- From the Division of General Surgery, The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, Ont
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Douglas RM, Hansman D, McDonald B, Paton J, Kirke K. Pneumococcal vaccine in aboriginal children--a randomized controlled trial involving 60 children. Community Health Stud 2010; 10:189-96. [PMID: 3527548 DOI: 10.1111/j.1753-6405.1986.tb00099.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
|
50
|
Nenshi R, Kennedy E, Baxter NN, Saskin R, Sutradhar R, Urbach DR, Sroka G, Feldman LS, Vassiliou MC, Kaneva PA, Fayez R, Fried GM, Krajewski SA, Brown CJ, Hur C, McCrea PH, Mitchell A, Porter G, Grushka J, Razek T, Khwaja K, Fata P, Martel G, Moloo H, Picciano G, Boushey RP, Poulin EC, Mamazza J, Haas B, Xiong W, Brennan-Barnes M, Gomez D, Nathens AB, Yang I, Forbes SS, Stephen WJ, Loeb M, Smith R, Christoffersen EP, McLean RF, Westerholm J, Garcia-Osogobio S, Farrokhyar F, Cadeddu M, Anvari M, Ponton-Carss A, Hutchison C, Violato C, Segedi M, Mittleman M, Fisman D, Kinlin L, Rousseau M, Saleh W, Ferri LE, Feldman LS, Stanbridge DD, Mayrand S, Fried GM, Pandya A, Gagliardi A, Nathens A, Ahmed N, Tran T, Demyttenaere SV, Polyhronopoulos G, Seguin C, Artho GP, Kaneva P, Fried GM, Feldman LS, Demyttenaere SV, Bergman S, Anderson J, Mikami DJ, Melvin WS, Racz JM, Dubois L, Katchky A, Wall WJ, Faryniuk A, Hochman D, Clarkson CA, Rubiano AM, Clarkson CA, Boone D, Ball CG, Dixon E, Kirkpatrick AW, Sutherland FR, Feliciano DV, Wyrzykowski AD, Nicholas JM, Dente CJ, Ball CG, Feliciano DV, Ullah SM, McAlister VC, Malik S, Ramsey D, Pooler S, Teague B, Misra M, Cadeddu M, Anvari M, Kaminsky M, Vergis A, Gillman LM, Gillman LM, Vergis A, Altaf A, Ellsmere J, Bonjer HJ, Klassen D, Orzech N, Palter V, Aggarwal R, Okrainec A, Grantcharov TP, Ghaderi I, Feldman LS, Sroka G, Kaneva PA, Fried GM, Shlomovitz E, Reznick RK, Kucharczyk W, Lee L, Iqbal S, Barayan H, Lu Y, Fata P, Razek T, Khwaja K, Boora PS, White JS, Vogt KN, Charyk-Stewart T, Minuk L, Eckert K, Chin-Yee I, Gray D, Parry N, Humphrey RJ, Bütter A, Schmidt J, Grieci T, Gagnon R, Han V, Duhaime S, Pitt DF, Palter V, Orzech N, Aggarwal R, Okrainec A, Grantcharov TP, Dubois L, Vogt KN, Davies W, Schlachta CM, Shi X, Birch DW, Gu Y, Moser MA, Swanson TW, Schaeffer DF, Tang BQ, Rusnak CH, Amson BJ, Vogt KN, Dubois L, Hobbs A, Etemad-Rezai R, Schlachta CM, Claydon E, McAlister V, Grushka J, Sur W, Laberge JM, Tchervenkov J, Bell L, Flageole H, Labidi S, Gagné JP, Gowing R, Kahnamoui K, McAlister CC, Marble A, Coughlin S, Karanicolas P, Emmerton-Coughlin H, Kanbur B, Kanbur S, Colquhoun P, Trottier DC, Doucette S, Huynh H, Soto CM, Poulin EC, Mamazza J, Boushey RP, Jamal MH, Rousseau M, Meterissian S, Snell L, Racz JM, Davies E, Aminazadeh N, Farrokhyar F, Reid S, Naeeni A, Naeeni M, Kashfi A, Kahnamoui K, Martin K, Weir M, Taylor B, Martin KM, Girotti MJ, Parry NG, Hanna WC, Fraser S, Weissglas I, Ghitulescu G, Bilek A, Marek J, Galatas C, Bergman S, Chiu CG, Nguyen NH, Bloom SW, Wiebe S, Klassen D, Bonjer J, Lawlor D, Plowman J, Ransom T, Vallis M, Ellsmere J, Menezes AC, Karmali S, Birch DW, Forbes SS, Eskicioglu C, Brenneman FD, McLeod RS, Fraser SA, Bergman S, Garzon J, Gomez D, Lawless B, Haas B, Nathens AB, Lumb KJ, Harkness L, Williamson J, Charyk-Stewart T, Gray D, Malthaner RA, Van Koughnett JA, Vogt KN, Gray DK, Parry NG, Teague B, Cadeddu M, Anvari M, Misra M, Pooler S, Malik S, Swain P, Chackungal S, Vogt KN, Yoshy C, Etemad-Rezai R, Cunningham I, Dubois L, Schlachta CM, Scott L, Vinden C, Okrainec A, Henao O, Azzie G, Deen S, Hameed M, Ramirez V, Veillette C, Bray P, Jewett M, Okrainec A, Pagliarello G, Brenneman F, Buczkowski A, Nathens A, Razek T, Widder S, Anderson I, Klassen D, Saadia R, Johner A, Hameed SM, Qureshi AP, Vergis A, Jimenez CM, Green J, Pryor AD, Schlachta CM, Okrainec A, Perri MT, Trejos AL, Naish MD, Patel RV, Malthaner RA, Stanger J, Stewart K, Yasui Y, Cass C, Damaraju S, Graham K, Bharadwaj S, Srinathan S, Tan L, Unruh H, Finley C, Miller L, Ferri LE, Urbach DR, Darling G, Spicer J, Ergun S, McDonald B, Rousseau M, Kaneva P, Ferri LE, Spicer J, Andalib A, Benay C, Rousseau M, Kushner Y, Marcus V, Ferri LE, Hunt I, Gazala S, Razzak R, Chuck A, Valji A, Stewart K, Tsuyuki R, Bédard ELR, Bottoni DA, Campbell G, Malthaner RA, Rousseau M, Guevremont P, Chasen M, Spicer J, Eckert E, Alcindor T, Ades S, Ferri LE, McGory R, Nagpal D, Fortin D, Inculet RI, Malthaner RA, Ko M, Shargall Y, Compeau C, Razzak R, Gazala S, Hunt I, Veenstra J, Valji A, Stewart K, Bédard ELR, Davis PJ, Mancuso M, Mujoomdar AA, Gazala S, Bédard ELR, Lee L, Spicer J, Robineau C, Sirois C, Mulder D, Ferri LE, Cools-Lartigue J, Chang SY, Mayrand S, Marcus V, Fried GM, Ferri LE, Perry T, Hunt I, Allegretto M, Maguire C, Abele J, Williams D, Stewart K, Bédard ELR, Grover HS, Basi S, Chiasson P, Basi S, Gregory W, Irshad K, Schieman C, MacGregor JH, Kelly E, Gelfand G, Graham AJ, McFadden SP, Grondin SC, Croome KP, Chudzinski R, Hanto DW, Jamal MH, Doi SA, Barkun JS, Wong SL, Kwan AHL, Yang S, Law C, Luo Y, Spiers J, Forse A, Taylor W, Apriasz I, Mysliwiec B, Sarin N, Gregor J, Moulton CE, McLeod RS, Barnett H, Nhan C, Gallinger S, Demyttenaere SV, Nau P, Muscarella P, Melvin WS, Ellison EC, Wiseman SM, Melck AL, Davidge KM, Eskicioglu C, Lipa J, Ferguson P, Swallow CJ, Wright FC, Edwards JP, Kelly EJ, Lin Y, Lenders T, Ghali WA, Graham A, Francescutti V, Farrokhyar F, Tozer R, Heller B, Lovrics P, Jansz G, Kahnamoui K, Spiegle G, Schmocker S, Huang H, Victor C, Law C, Kennedy ED, McCart JA, Aslani N, Swanson T, Kennecke H, Woods R, Davis N, Klevan AE, Ramsay JA, Stephen WJ, Smith M, Plourde M, Johnson PM, Yaffe P, Walsh M, Hoskin D, Huynh HP, Trottier DC, Soto C, Auer R, Poulin EC, Mamazza J, Boushey RP, Moloo H, Huynh HP, Trottier DC, Soto C, Moloo H, Poulin EC, Mamazza J, Boushey RP, Nhan C, Driman DK, Smith AJ, Hunter A, McLeod RS, Eskicioglu C, Fenech DS, Victor C, McLeod RS, Trottier DC, Huynh H, Sabri E, Soto C, Scheer A, Zolfaghari S, Moloo H, Mamazza J, Poulin EC, Boushey RP, Hallet J, Guénette-Lemieux M, Bouchard A, Grégoire RC, Thibault C, Dionne G, Côté F, Langis P, Gagné JP, Raval MJ, Phang PT, Brown CJ, Kuzmanovic A, Planting A, Raval MJ, Phang PT, Brown CJ, Huynh HP, Trottier DC, Moloo H, Poulin EC, Mamazza J, Friedlich M, Stern HS, Boushey RP, Tang BQ, Moloo H, Bleier J, Goldberg SM, Alsharif J, Martel G, Bouchard A, Sabri E, Ramsay CR, Mamazza J, Poulin EC, Boushey RP, Richardson D, Porter G, Johnson P, Al-Sukhni E, Ridgway PF, O'Connor B, McLeod RS, Swallow CJ, Forbes SS, Urbach DR, Sutradhar R, Paszat L, Rabeneck L, Baxter NN, Chung W, Ko D, Sun C, Brown CJ, Raval M, Phang PT, Pao JS, Woods R, Raval MJ, Phang PT, Brown CJ, Power A, Francescutti V, Ramsey D, Kelly S, Stephen W, Simunovic M, Coates A, Goldsmith CH, Thabane L, Reeson D, Smith AJ, McLeod RS, DeNardi F, Whelan TJ, Levine MN, Al-Khayal KA, Buie WD, Wallace L, Sigalet D, Eskicioglu C, Gagliardi A, Fenech DS, Victor C, McLeod RS. Abstracts of presentations to the Annual Meetings of the Canadian Association of General Surgeons Canadian Association of Thoracic Surgeons Canadian Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Society Canadian Society of Surgical Oncology Canadian Society of Colon and Rectal Surgeons: Victoria, BC Sept. 10-13, 2009. Can J Surg 2009; 52:S1-S48. [PMID: 35488397 PMCID: PMC2726442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- R Nenshi
- From the Institute for Clinical and Evaluative Sciences, Toronto, Ont
| | - E Kennedy
- From the Institute for Clinical and Evaluative Sciences, Toronto, Ont
| | - N N Baxter
- From the Institute for Clinical and Evaluative Sciences, Toronto, Ont
| | - R Saskin
- From the Institute for Clinical and Evaluative Sciences, Toronto, Ont
| | - R Sutradhar
- From the Institute for Clinical and Evaluative Sciences, Toronto, Ont
| | - D R Urbach
- From the Institute for Clinical and Evaluative Sciences, Toronto, Ont
| | - G Sroka
- From the Steinberg-Bernstein Centre for Minimally Invasive Surgery and Innovation, McGill University, Montréal, Que
| | - L S Feldman
- From the Steinberg-Bernstein Centre for Minimally Invasive Surgery and Innovation, McGill University, Montréal, Que
| | - M C Vassiliou
- From the Steinberg-Bernstein Centre for Minimally Invasive Surgery and Innovation, McGill University, Montréal, Que
| | - P A Kaneva
- From the Steinberg-Bernstein Centre for Minimally Invasive Surgery and Innovation, McGill University, Montréal, Que
| | - R Fayez
- From the Steinberg-Bernstein Centre for Minimally Invasive Surgery and Innovation, McGill University, Montréal, Que
| | - G M Fried
- From the Steinberg-Bernstein Centre for Minimally Invasive Surgery and Innovation, McGill University, Montréal, Que
| | - S A Krajewski
- From the Department of Surgery, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, and the Institute for Technology Assessment, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Mass
| | - C J Brown
- From the Department of Surgery, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, and the Institute for Technology Assessment, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Mass
| | - C Hur
- From the Department of Surgery, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, and the Institute for Technology Assessment, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Mass
| | - P H McCrea
- From the Department of Surgery, Dalhousie University, Queen Elizabeth II Health Sciences Centre, Halifax, NS
| | - A Mitchell
- From the Department of Surgery, Dalhousie University, Queen Elizabeth II Health Sciences Centre, Halifax, NS
| | - G Porter
- From the Department of Surgery, Dalhousie University, Queen Elizabeth II Health Sciences Centre, Halifax, NS
| | - J Grushka
- From the Division of General Surgery, Montréal General Hospital, McGill University, Montréal, Que
| | - T Razek
- From the Division of General Surgery, Montréal General Hospital, McGill University, Montréal, Que
| | - K Khwaja
- From the Division of General Surgery, Montréal General Hospital, McGill University, Montréal, Que
| | - P Fata
- From the Division of General Surgery, Montréal General Hospital, McGill University, Montréal, Que
| | - G Martel
- From The Ottawa Hospital, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont
| | - H Moloo
- From The Ottawa Hospital, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont
| | - G Picciano
- From The Ottawa Hospital, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont
| | - R P Boushey
- From The Ottawa Hospital, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont
| | - E C Poulin
- From The Ottawa Hospital, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont
| | - J Mamazza
- From The Ottawa Hospital, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont
| | - B Haas
- From the Division of General Surgery, St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, and the Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario, Ottawa, Ont
| | - W Xiong
- From the Division of General Surgery, St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, and the Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario, Ottawa, Ont
| | - M Brennan-Barnes
- From the Division of General Surgery, St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, and the Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario, Ottawa, Ont
| | - D Gomez
- From the Division of General Surgery, St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, and the Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario, Ottawa, Ont
| | - A B Nathens
- From the Division of General Surgery, St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, and the Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario, Ottawa, Ont
| | - I Yang
- From the Departments of Surgery and Anesthesiology, McMaster University, Hamilton Health Sciences, Hamilton, Ont
| | - S S Forbes
- From the Departments of Surgery and Anesthesiology, McMaster University, Hamilton Health Sciences, Hamilton, Ont
| | - W J Stephen
- From the Departments of Surgery and Anesthesiology, McMaster University, Hamilton Health Sciences, Hamilton, Ont
| | - M Loeb
- From the Departments of Surgery and Anesthesiology, McMaster University, Hamilton Health Sciences, Hamilton, Ont
| | - R Smith
- From the Departments of Surgery and Anesthesiology, McMaster University, Hamilton Health Sciences, Hamilton, Ont
| | - E P Christoffersen
- From the Departments of Surgery and Anesthesiology, McMaster University, Hamilton Health Sciences, Hamilton, Ont
| | - R F McLean
- From the Departments of Surgery and Anesthesiology, McMaster University, Hamilton Health Sciences, Hamilton, Ont
| | - J Westerholm
- From the Centre for Minimal Access Surgery, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont
| | - S Garcia-Osogobio
- From the Centre for Minimal Access Surgery, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont
| | - F Farrokhyar
- From the Centre for Minimal Access Surgery, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont
| | - M Cadeddu
- From the Centre for Minimal Access Surgery, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont
| | - M Anvari
- From the Centre for Minimal Access Surgery, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont
| | - A Ponton-Carss
- From the Department of Surgery, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alta
| | - C Hutchison
- From the Department of Surgery, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alta
| | - C Violato
- From the Department of Surgery, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alta
| | - M Segedi
- From the Harvard School of Public Health, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Mass., the University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, and The Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont
| | - M Mittleman
- From the Harvard School of Public Health, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Mass., the University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, and The Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont
| | - D Fisman
- From the Harvard School of Public Health, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Mass., the University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, and The Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont
| | - L Kinlin
- From the Harvard School of Public Health, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Mass., the University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, and The Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont
| | - M Rousseau
- From the Steinberg-Bernstein Centre for Minimally Invasive Surgery, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Que
| | - W Saleh
- From the Steinberg-Bernstein Centre for Minimally Invasive Surgery, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Que
| | - L E Ferri
- From the Steinberg-Bernstein Centre for Minimally Invasive Surgery, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Que
| | - L S Feldman
- From the Steinberg-Bernstein Centre for Minimally Invasive Surgery, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Que
| | - D D Stanbridge
- From the Steinberg-Bernstein Centre for Minimally Invasive Surgery, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Que
| | - S Mayrand
- From the Steinberg-Bernstein Centre for Minimally Invasive Surgery, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Que
| | - G M Fried
- From the Steinberg-Bernstein Centre for Minimally Invasive Surgery, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Que
| | - A Pandya
- From the Division of General Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont
| | - A Gagliardi
- From the Division of General Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont
| | - A Nathens
- From the Division of General Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont
| | - N Ahmed
- From the Division of General Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont
| | - T Tran
- From the Department of Surgery, McGill University, Montréal, Que
| | - S V Demyttenaere
- From the Department of Surgery, McGill University, Montréal, Que
| | | | - C Seguin
- From the Department of Surgery, McGill University, Montréal, Que
| | - G P Artho
- From the Department of Surgery, McGill University, Montréal, Que
| | - P Kaneva
- From the Department of Surgery, McGill University, Montréal, Que
| | - G M Fried
- From the Department of Surgery, McGill University, Montréal, Que
| | - L S Feldman
- From the Department of Surgery, McGill University, Montréal, Que
| | - S V Demyttenaere
- From the Department of Surgery, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, and the Department of Surgery, Jewish General Hospital, McGill University, Montréal, Que
| | - S Bergman
- From the Department of Surgery, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, and the Department of Surgery, Jewish General Hospital, McGill University, Montréal, Que
| | - J Anderson
- From the Department of Surgery, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, and the Department of Surgery, Jewish General Hospital, McGill University, Montréal, Que
| | - D J Mikami
- From the Department of Surgery, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, and the Department of Surgery, Jewish General Hospital, McGill University, Montréal, Que
| | - W S Melvin
- From the Department of Surgery, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, and the Department of Surgery, Jewish General Hospital, McGill University, Montréal, Que
| | - J M Racz
- From the Department of Surgery, University of Western Ontario, London, Ont
| | - L Dubois
- From the Department of Surgery, University of Western Ontario, London, Ont
| | - A Katchky
- From the Department of Surgery, University of Western Ontario, London, Ont
| | - W J Wall
- From the Department of Surgery, University of Western Ontario, London, Ont
| | - A Faryniuk
- From the Department of Surgery, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Man
| | - D Hochman
- From the Department of Surgery, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Man
| | - C A Clarkson
- From the Neiva City University Hospital, Neiva, Huila, Colombia
| | - A M Rubiano
- From the Neiva City University Hospital, Neiva, Huila, Colombia
| | - C A Clarkson
- From the Department of Surgery, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, NL
| | - D Boone
- From the Department of Surgery, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, NL
| | - C G Ball
- From the Departments of Surgery, Emory University, Atlanta, Ga., and the University of Calgary, Calgary, Alta
| | - E Dixon
- From the Departments of Surgery, Emory University, Atlanta, Ga., and the University of Calgary, Calgary, Alta
| | - A W Kirkpatrick
- From the Departments of Surgery, Emory University, Atlanta, Ga., and the University of Calgary, Calgary, Alta
| | - F R Sutherland
- From the Departments of Surgery, Emory University, Atlanta, Ga., and the University of Calgary, Calgary, Alta
| | - D V Feliciano
- From the Departments of Surgery, Emory University, Atlanta, Ga., and the University of Calgary, Calgary, Alta
| | - A D Wyrzykowski
- From the Department of Surgery, Emory University, Atlanta, Ga
| | - J M Nicholas
- From the Department of Surgery, Emory University, Atlanta, Ga
| | - C J Dente
- From the Department of Surgery, Emory University, Atlanta, Ga
| | - C G Ball
- From the Department of Surgery, Emory University, Atlanta, Ga
| | - D V Feliciano
- From the Department of Surgery, Emory University, Atlanta, Ga
| | - S M Ullah
- From the Division of Clinical Anatomy, Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Department of Surgery, University Hospital, University of Western Ontario, London, Ont
| | - V C McAlister
- From the Division of Clinical Anatomy, Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Department of Surgery, University Hospital, University of Western Ontario, London, Ont
| | - S Malik
- From the Centre for Minimal Access Surgery, St. Joseph's Hospital, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont
| | - D Ramsey
- From the Centre for Minimal Access Surgery, St. Joseph's Hospital, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont
| | - S Pooler
- From the Centre for Minimal Access Surgery, St. Joseph's Hospital, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont
| | - B Teague
- From the Centre for Minimal Access Surgery, St. Joseph's Hospital, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont
| | - M Misra
- From the Centre for Minimal Access Surgery, St. Joseph's Hospital, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont
| | - M Cadeddu
- From the Centre for Minimal Access Surgery, St. Joseph's Hospital, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont
| | - M Anvari
- From the Centre for Minimal Access Surgery, St. Joseph's Hospital, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont
| | - M Kaminsky
- From the Department of Surgery, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Man., the Department of Critical Care Medicine and Regional Trauma Services, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alta., and the Division of General Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont
| | - A Vergis
- From the Department of Surgery, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Man., the Department of Critical Care Medicine and Regional Trauma Services, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alta., and the Division of General Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont
| | - L M Gillman
- From the Department of Surgery, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Man., the Department of Critical Care Medicine and Regional Trauma Services, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alta., and the Division of General Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont
| | - L M Gillman
- From the Department of Surgery, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Man., the Department of Critical Care Medicine, Regional Trauma Services, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alta., and the Division of General Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont
| | - A Vergis
- From the Department of Surgery, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Man., the Department of Critical Care Medicine, Regional Trauma Services, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alta., and the Division of General Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont
| | - A Altaf
- From the Queen Elizabeth II Health Sciences Centre, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS
| | - J Ellsmere
- From the Queen Elizabeth II Health Sciences Centre, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS
| | - H J Bonjer
- From the Queen Elizabeth II Health Sciences Centre, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS
| | - D Klassen
- From the Queen Elizabeth II Health Sciences Centre, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS
| | - N Orzech
- From the Departments of Surgery, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto Western Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, and the Department of Biosurgery and Surgical Technology, Imperial College, London, Ont
| | - V Palter
- From the Departments of Surgery, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto Western Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, and the Department of Biosurgery and Surgical Technology, Imperial College, London, Ont
| | - R Aggarwal
- From the Departments of Surgery, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto Western Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, and the Department of Biosurgery and Surgical Technology, Imperial College, London, Ont
| | - A Okrainec
- From the Departments of Surgery, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto Western Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, and the Department of Biosurgery and Surgical Technology, Imperial College, London, Ont
| | - T P Grantcharov
- From the Departments of Surgery, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto Western Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, and the Department of Biosurgery and Surgical Technology, Imperial College, London, Ont
| | - I Ghaderi
- From the Steinberg-Bernstein Centre for Minimally Invasive Surgery, McGill University, Montréal, Que., and the University of Western Ontario, London, Ont
| | - L S Feldman
- From the Steinberg-Bernstein Centre for Minimally Invasive Surgery, McGill University, Montréal, Que., and the University of Western Ontario, London, Ont
| | - G Sroka
- From the Steinberg-Bernstein Centre for Minimally Invasive Surgery, McGill University, Montréal, Que., and the University of Western Ontario, London, Ont
| | - P A Kaneva
- From the Steinberg-Bernstein Centre for Minimally Invasive Surgery, McGill University, Montréal, Que., and the University of Western Ontario, London, Ont
| | - G M Fried
- From the Steinberg-Bernstein Centre for Minimally Invasive Surgery, McGill University, Montréal, Que., and the University of Western Ontario, London, Ont
| | - E Shlomovitz
- From the Departments of Surgery and Diagnostic Imaging, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont
| | - R K Reznick
- From the Departments of Surgery and Diagnostic Imaging, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont
| | - W Kucharczyk
- From the Departments of Surgery and Diagnostic Imaging, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont
| | - L Lee
- From the Departments of Surgery and Medicine, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Que
| | - S Iqbal
- From the Departments of Surgery and Medicine, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Que
| | - H Barayan
- From the Departments of Surgery and Medicine, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Que
| | - Y Lu
- From the Departments of Surgery and Medicine, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Que
| | - P Fata
- From the Departments of Surgery and Medicine, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Que
| | - T Razek
- From the Departments of Surgery and Medicine, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Que
| | - K Khwaja
- From the Departments of Surgery and Medicine, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Que
| | - P S Boora
- From the Department of Surgery, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alta
| | - J S White
- From the Department of Surgery, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alta
| | - K N Vogt
- From the Divisions of General Surgery and Hematology, Trauma Program, London Health Sciences Centre, London, Ont
| | - T Charyk-Stewart
- From the Divisions of General Surgery and Hematology, Trauma Program, London Health Sciences Centre, London, Ont
| | - L Minuk
- From the Divisions of General Surgery and Hematology, Trauma Program, London Health Sciences Centre, London, Ont
| | - K Eckert
- From the Divisions of General Surgery and Hematology, Trauma Program, London Health Sciences Centre, London, Ont
| | - I Chin-Yee
- From the Divisions of General Surgery and Hematology, Trauma Program, London Health Sciences Centre, London, Ont
| | - D Gray
- From the Divisions of General Surgery and Hematology, Trauma Program, London Health Sciences Centre, London, Ont
| | - N Parry
- From the Divisions of General Surgery and Hematology, Trauma Program, London Health Sciences Centre, London, Ont
| | - R J Humphrey
- From the Departments of Surgery and Pediatrics, London Health Sciences Centre, University of Western Ontario, London, Ont
| | - A Bütter
- From the Departments of Surgery and Pediatrics, London Health Sciences Centre, University of Western Ontario, London, Ont
| | - J Schmidt
- From the Departments of Surgery and Pediatrics, London Health Sciences Centre, University of Western Ontario, London, Ont
| | - T Grieci
- From the Departments of Surgery and Pediatrics, London Health Sciences Centre, University of Western Ontario, London, Ont
| | - R Gagnon
- From the Departments of Surgery and Pediatrics, London Health Sciences Centre, University of Western Ontario, London, Ont
| | - V Han
- From the Departments of Surgery and Pediatrics, London Health Sciences Centre, University of Western Ontario, London, Ont
| | - S Duhaime
- From the University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont
| | - D F Pitt
- From the University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont
| | - V Palter
- From the Departments of Surgery, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto Western Hospital, Toronto, and Imperial College, London, Ont
| | - N Orzech
- From the Departments of Surgery, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto Western Hospital, Toronto, and Imperial College, London, Ont
| | - R Aggarwal
- From the Departments of Surgery, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto Western Hospital, Toronto, and Imperial College, London, Ont
| | - A Okrainec
- From the Departments of Surgery, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto Western Hospital, Toronto, and Imperial College, London, Ont
| | - T P Grantcharov
- From the Departments of Surgery, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto Western Hospital, Toronto, and Imperial College, London, Ont
| | - L Dubois
- From the Department of Surgery, University of Western Ontario, London, Ont
| | - K N Vogt
- From the Department of Surgery, University of Western Ontario, London, Ont
| | - W Davies
- From the Department of Surgery, University of Western Ontario, London, Ont
| | - C M Schlachta
- From the Department of Surgery, University of Western Ontario, London, Ont
| | - X Shi
- From the Centre for the Advancement of Minimally Invasive Surgery, Edmonton, Alta
| | - D W Birch
- From the Centre for the Advancement of Minimally Invasive Surgery, Edmonton, Alta
| | - Y Gu
- From the Department of Surgery, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Sask
| | - M A Moser
- From the Department of Surgery, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Sask
| | - T W Swanson
- From the Department of Surgery, Royal Jubilee Hospital, Victoria, BC, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC
| | - D F Schaeffer
- From the Department of Surgery, Royal Jubilee Hospital, Victoria, BC, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC
| | - B Q Tang
- From the Department of Surgery, Royal Jubilee Hospital, Victoria, BC, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC
| | - C H Rusnak
- From the Department of Surgery, Royal Jubilee Hospital, Victoria, BC, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC
| | - B J Amson
- From the Department of Surgery, Royal Jubilee Hospital, Victoria, BC, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC
| | - K N Vogt
- From the Divisions of General Surgery and Radiology, London Health Sciences Centre, London, Ont
| | - L Dubois
- From the Divisions of General Surgery and Radiology, London Health Sciences Centre, London, Ont
| | - A Hobbs
- From the Divisions of General Surgery and Radiology, London Health Sciences Centre, London, Ont
| | - R Etemad-Rezai
- From the Divisions of General Surgery and Radiology, London Health Sciences Centre, London, Ont
| | - C M Schlachta
- From the Divisions of General Surgery and Radiology, London Health Sciences Centre, London, Ont
| | - E Claydon
- From the Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Western Ontario, London, Ont
| | - V McAlister
- From the Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Western Ontario, London, Ont
| | - J Grushka
- From the Divisions of Pediatric Surgery and Nephrology, Department of Pediatrics, Montréal Children's Hospital, and the Department of Surgery, McGill University, Montréal, Que
| | - W Sur
- From the Divisions of Pediatric Surgery and Nephrology, Department of Pediatrics, Montréal Children's Hospital, and the Department of Surgery, McGill University, Montréal, Que
| | - J-M Laberge
- From the Divisions of Pediatric Surgery and Nephrology, Department of Pediatrics, Montréal Children's Hospital, and the Department of Surgery, McGill University, Montréal, Que
| | - J Tchervenkov
- From the Divisions of Pediatric Surgery and Nephrology, Department of Pediatrics, Montréal Children's Hospital, and the Department of Surgery, McGill University, Montréal, Que
| | - L Bell
- From the Divisions of Pediatric Surgery and Nephrology, Department of Pediatrics, Montréal Children's Hospital, and the Department of Surgery, McGill University, Montréal, Que
| | - H Flageole
- From the Divisions of Pediatric Surgery and Nephrology, Department of Pediatrics, Montréal Children's Hospital, and the Department of Surgery, McGill University, Montréal, Que
| | - S Labidi
- From the Québec Centre for Minimally Invasive Surgery, Centre hospitalier universitaire de Québec, Québec, Que
| | - J P Gagné
- From the Québec Centre for Minimally Invasive Surgery, Centre hospitalier universitaire de Québec, Québec, Que
| | - R Gowing
- From the Department of Surgery, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont
| | - K Kahnamoui
- From the Department of Surgery, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont
| | - C C McAlister
- From the University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont., Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS
| | - A Marble
- From the University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont., Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS
| | - S Coughlin
- From the University of Western Ontario, London, Ont
| | | | | | - B Kanbur
- From the University of Western Ontario, London, Ont
| | - S Kanbur
- From the University of Western Ontario, London, Ont
| | - P Colquhoun
- From the University of Western Ontario, London, Ont
| | - D C Trottier
- From the Department of Surgery, University of Ottawa, The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, Ont
| | - S Doucette
- From the Department of Surgery, University of Ottawa, The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, Ont
| | - H Huynh
- From the Department of Surgery, University of Ottawa, The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, Ont
| | - C M Soto
- From the Department of Surgery, University of Ottawa, The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, Ont
| | - E C Poulin
- From the Department of Surgery, University of Ottawa, The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, Ont
| | - J Mamazza
- From the Department of Surgery, University of Ottawa, The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, Ont
| | - R P Boushey
- From the Department of Surgery, University of Ottawa, The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, Ont
| | - M H Jamal
- From the Centre for Medical Education, Division of General Surgery, McGill University, Montréal, Que
| | - M Rousseau
- From the Centre for Medical Education, Division of General Surgery, McGill University, Montréal, Que
| | - S Meterissian
- From the Centre for Medical Education, Division of General Surgery, McGill University, Montréal, Que
| | - L Snell
- From the Centre for Medical Education, Division of General Surgery, McGill University, Montréal, Que
| | - J M Racz
- From the Department of Surgery, University of Western Ontario, London, Ont
| | - E Davies
- From the Department of Surgery, University of Western Ontario, London, Ont
| | - N Aminazadeh
- From the Department of Surgery, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont
| | - F Farrokhyar
- From the Department of Surgery, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont
| | - S Reid
- From the Department of Surgery, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont
| | - A Naeeni
- From the Department of Surgery, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont
| | - M Naeeni
- From the Department of Surgery, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont
| | - A Kashfi
- From the Department of Surgery, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont
| | - K Kahnamoui
- From the Department of Surgery, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont
| | - K Martin
- From the London Health Sciences Centre, London, Ont
| | - M Weir
- From the London Health Sciences Centre, London, Ont
| | - B Taylor
- From the London Health Sciences Centre, London, Ont
| | - K M Martin
- From the London Health Sciences Centre, Children's Hospital of Western Ontario, London, Ont
| | - M J Girotti
- From the London Health Sciences Centre, Children's Hospital of Western Ontario, London, Ont
| | - N G Parry
- From the London Health Sciences Centre, Children's Hospital of Western Ontario, London, Ont
| | - W C Hanna
- From the Department of Surgery, Jewish General Hospital, McGill University, Montréal, Que
| | - S Fraser
- From the Department of Surgery, Jewish General Hospital, McGill University, Montréal, Que
| | - I Weissglas
- From the Department of Surgery, Jewish General Hospital, McGill University, Montréal, Que
| | - G Ghitulescu
- From the Department of Surgery, Jewish General Hospital, McGill University, Montréal, Que
| | - A Bilek
- From the Department of Surgery, Jewish General Hospital, McGill University, Montréal, Que
| | - J Marek
- From the Department of Surgery, Jewish General Hospital, McGill University, Montréal, Que
| | - C Galatas
- From the Department of Surgery, Jewish General Hospital, McGill University, Montréal, Que
| | - S Bergman
- From the Department of Surgery, Jewish General Hospital, McGill University, Montréal, Que
| | - C G Chiu
- From the Richmond Hospital, Richmond, BC
| | - N H Nguyen
- From the Richmond Hospital, Richmond, BC
| | - S W Bloom
- From the Richmond Hospital, Richmond, BC
| | - S Wiebe
- From the Queen Elizabeth II Health Sciences Centre (QEIIHSC), Halifax, NS
| | - D Klassen
- From the Queen Elizabeth II Health Sciences Centre (QEIIHSC), Halifax, NS
| | - J Bonjer
- From the Queen Elizabeth II Health Sciences Centre (QEIIHSC), Halifax, NS
| | - D Lawlor
- From the Queen Elizabeth II Health Sciences Centre (QEIIHSC), Halifax, NS
| | - J Plowman
- From the Queen Elizabeth II Health Sciences Centre (QEIIHSC), Halifax, NS
| | - T Ransom
- From the Queen Elizabeth II Health Sciences Centre (QEIIHSC), Halifax, NS
| | - M Vallis
- From the Queen Elizabeth II Health Sciences Centre (QEIIHSC), Halifax, NS
| | - J Ellsmere
- From the Queen Elizabeth II Health Sciences Centre (QEIIHSC), Halifax, NS
| | - A C Menezes
- From the Centre for the Advancement of Minimally Invasive Surgery (CAMIS), Alberta Health Services, Department of Surgery, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alta
| | - S Karmali
- From the Centre for the Advancement of Minimally Invasive Surgery (CAMIS), Alberta Health Services, Department of Surgery, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alta
| | - D W Birch
- From the Centre for the Advancement of Minimally Invasive Surgery (CAMIS), Alberta Health Services, Department of Surgery, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alta
| | - S S Forbes
- From the Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont
| | - C Eskicioglu
- From the Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont
| | - F D Brenneman
- From the Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont
| | - R S McLeod
- From the Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont
| | - S A Fraser
- From the Department of General Surgery, Sir Mortimer B. Davis Jewish General Hospital, McGill University, Montréal, Que
| | - S Bergman
- From the Department of General Surgery, Sir Mortimer B. Davis Jewish General Hospital, McGill University, Montréal, Que
| | - J Garzon
- From the Department of General Surgery, Sir Mortimer B. Davis Jewish General Hospital, McGill University, Montréal, Que
| | - D Gomez
- From the Department of Surgery, St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont
| | - B Lawless
- From the Department of Surgery, St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont
| | - B Haas
- From the Department of Surgery, St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont
| | - A B Nathens
- From the Department of Surgery, St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont
| | - K J Lumb
- From the Department of Surgery, Trauma Program, London Health Sciences Centre, London, Ont
| | - L Harkness
- From the Department of Surgery, Trauma Program, London Health Sciences Centre, London, Ont
| | - J Williamson
- From the Department of Surgery, Trauma Program, London Health Sciences Centre, London, Ont
| | - T Charyk-Stewart
- From the Department of Surgery, Trauma Program, London Health Sciences Centre, London, Ont
| | - D Gray
- From the Department of Surgery, Trauma Program, London Health Sciences Centre, London, Ont
| | - R A Malthaner
- From the Department of Surgery, Trauma Program, London Health Sciences Centre, London, Ont
| | - J A Van Koughnett
- From the Division of General Surgery, University of Western Ontario, London, Ont
| | - K N Vogt
- From the Division of General Surgery, University of Western Ontario, London, Ont
| | - D K Gray
- From the Division of General Surgery, University of Western Ontario, London, Ont
| | - N G Parry
- From the Division of General Surgery, University of Western Ontario, London, Ont
| | - B Teague
- From the Centre for Minimal Access Surgery, St. Joseph's Healthcare, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont
| | - M Cadeddu
- From the Centre for Minimal Access Surgery, St. Joseph's Healthcare, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont
| | - M Anvari
- From the Centre for Minimal Access Surgery, St. Joseph's Healthcare, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont
| | - M Misra
- From the Centre for Minimal Access Surgery, St. Joseph's Healthcare, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont
| | - S Pooler
- From the Centre for Minimal Access Surgery, St. Joseph's Healthcare, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont
| | - S Malik
- From the Centre for Minimal Access Surgery, St. Joseph's Healthcare, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont
| | - P Swain
- From the Centre for Minimal Access Surgery, St. Joseph's Healthcare, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont
| | - S Chackungal
- From the Division of General Surgery, Department of Radiology, Lawson Health Research Institute, London Health Sciences Centre, University of Western Ontario, London, Ont
| | - K N Vogt
- From the Division of General Surgery, Department of Radiology, Lawson Health Research Institute, London Health Sciences Centre, University of Western Ontario, London, Ont
| | - C Yoshy
- From the Division of General Surgery, Department of Radiology, Lawson Health Research Institute, London Health Sciences Centre, University of Western Ontario, London, Ont
| | - R Etemad-Rezai
- From the Division of General Surgery, Department of Radiology, Lawson Health Research Institute, London Health Sciences Centre, University of Western Ontario, London, Ont
| | - I Cunningham
- From the Division of General Surgery, Department of Radiology, Lawson Health Research Institute, London Health Sciences Centre, University of Western Ontario, London, Ont
| | - L Dubois
- From the Division of General Surgery, Department of Radiology, Lawson Health Research Institute, London Health Sciences Centre, University of Western Ontario, London, Ont
| | - C M Schlachta
- From the Division of General Surgery, Department of Radiology, Lawson Health Research Institute, London Health Sciences Centre, University of Western Ontario, London, Ont
| | - L Scott
- From the Division of General Surgery, Department of Radiology, Lawson Health Research Institute, London Health Sciences Centre, University of Western Ontario, London, Ont
| | - C Vinden
- From the Division of General Surgery, Department of Radiology, Lawson Health Research Institute, London Health Sciences Centre, University of Western Ontario, London, Ont
| | - A Okrainec
- From the Toronto Western Hospital, University Health Network, Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont
| | - O Henao
- From the Toronto Western Hospital, University Health Network, Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont
| | - G Azzie
- From the Toronto Western Hospital, University Health Network, Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont
| | - S Deen
- From the Department of Surgery, Vancouver General Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC
| | - M Hameed
- From the Department of Surgery, Vancouver General Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC
| | - V Ramirez
- From the University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont
| | - C Veillette
- From the University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont
| | - P Bray
- From the University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont
| | - M Jewett
- From the University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont
| | - A Okrainec
- From the University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont
| | - G Pagliarello
- From the Departments of Surgery, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, University of Alberta, Edmonton, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alta, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont., McGill University, Montréal, Que, Dalhousie University, CAGS Committee on Acute Surgery and Critical Care, Halifax, NS
| | - F Brenneman
- From the Departments of Surgery, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, University of Alberta, Edmonton, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alta, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont., McGill University, Montréal, Que, Dalhousie University, CAGS Committee on Acute Surgery and Critical Care, Halifax, NS
| | - A Buczkowski
- From the Departments of Surgery, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, University of Alberta, Edmonton, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alta, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont., McGill University, Montréal, Que, Dalhousie University, CAGS Committee on Acute Surgery and Critical Care, Halifax, NS
| | - A Nathens
- From the Departments of Surgery, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, University of Alberta, Edmonton, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alta, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont., McGill University, Montréal, Que, Dalhousie University, CAGS Committee on Acute Surgery and Critical Care, Halifax, NS
| | - T Razek
- From the Departments of Surgery, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, University of Alberta, Edmonton, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alta, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont., McGill University, Montréal, Que, Dalhousie University, CAGS Committee on Acute Surgery and Critical Care, Halifax, NS
| | - S Widder
- From the Departments of Surgery, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, University of Alberta, Edmonton, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alta, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont., McGill University, Montréal, Que, Dalhousie University, CAGS Committee on Acute Surgery and Critical Care, Halifax, NS
| | - I Anderson
- From the Departments of Surgery, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, University of Alberta, Edmonton, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alta, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont., McGill University, Montréal, Que, Dalhousie University, CAGS Committee on Acute Surgery and Critical Care, Halifax, NS
| | - D Klassen
- From the Departments of Surgery, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, University of Alberta, Edmonton, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alta, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont., McGill University, Montréal, Que, Dalhousie University, CAGS Committee on Acute Surgery and Critical Care, Halifax, NS
| | - R Saadia
- From the Departments of Surgery, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, University of Alberta, Edmonton, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alta, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont., McGill University, Montréal, Que, Dalhousie University, CAGS Committee on Acute Surgery and Critical Care, Halifax, NS
| | - A Johner
- From the Departments of Surgery, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, University of Alberta, Edmonton, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alta, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont., McGill University, Montréal, Que, Dalhousie University, CAGS Committee on Acute Surgery and Critical Care, Halifax, NS
| | - S M Hameed
- From the Departments of Surgery, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, University of Alberta, Edmonton, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alta, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont., McGill University, Montréal, Que, Dalhousie University, CAGS Committee on Acute Surgery and Critical Care, Halifax, NS
| | - A P Qureshi
- From the Division of General Surgery, University of Toronto, University Health Network, Toronto Western Hospital, Toronto, the Departments of Surgery and Oncology, University of Western Ontario, London, Ont., and Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC
| | - A Vergis
- From the Division of General Surgery, University of Toronto, University Health Network, Toronto Western Hospital, Toronto, the Departments of Surgery and Oncology, University of Western Ontario, London, Ont., and Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC
| | - C M Jimenez
- From the Division of General Surgery, University of Toronto, University Health Network, Toronto Western Hospital, Toronto, the Departments of Surgery and Oncology, University of Western Ontario, London, Ont., and Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC
| | - J Green
- From the Division of General Surgery, University of Toronto, University Health Network, Toronto Western Hospital, Toronto, the Departments of Surgery and Oncology, University of Western Ontario, London, Ont., and Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC
| | - A D Pryor
- From the Division of General Surgery, University of Toronto, University Health Network, Toronto Western Hospital, Toronto, the Departments of Surgery and Oncology, University of Western Ontario, London, Ont., and Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC
| | - C M Schlachta
- From the Division of General Surgery, University of Toronto, University Health Network, Toronto Western Hospital, Toronto, the Departments of Surgery and Oncology, University of Western Ontario, London, Ont., and Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC
| | - A Okrainec
- From the Division of General Surgery, University of Toronto, University Health Network, Toronto Western Hospital, Toronto, the Departments of Surgery and Oncology, University of Western Ontario, London, Ont., and Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC
| | - M T Perri
- From CSTAR, Division of Thoracic Surgery, University of Western Ontario, London, Ont
| | - A L Trejos
- From CSTAR, Division of Thoracic Surgery, University of Western Ontario, London, Ont
| | - M D Naish
- From CSTAR, Division of Thoracic Surgery, University of Western Ontario, London, Ont
| | - R V Patel
- From CSTAR, Division of Thoracic Surgery, University of Western Ontario, London, Ont
| | - R A Malthaner
- From CSTAR, Division of Thoracic Surgery, University of Western Ontario, London, Ont
| | - J Stanger
- From the Department of Surgery, Cross Cancer Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alta
| | - K Stewart
- From the Department of Surgery, Cross Cancer Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alta
| | - Y Yasui
- From the Department of Surgery, Cross Cancer Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alta
| | - C Cass
- From the Department of Surgery, Cross Cancer Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alta
| | - S Damaraju
- From the Department of Surgery, Cross Cancer Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alta
| | - K Graham
- From the Department of Surgery, Cross Cancer Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alta
| | - S Bharadwaj
- From the Department of Surgery, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Man
| | - S Srinathan
- From the Department of Surgery, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Man
| | - L Tan
- From the Department of Surgery, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Man
| | - H Unruh
- From the Department of Surgery, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Man
| | - C Finley
- From the Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont
| | - L Miller
- From the Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont
| | - L E Ferri
- From the Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont
| | - D R Urbach
- From the Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont
| | - G Darling
- From the Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont
| | - J Spicer
- From the Division of Thoracic Surgery, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Que
| | - S Ergun
- From the Division of Thoracic Surgery, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Que
| | - B McDonald
- From the Division of Thoracic Surgery, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Que
| | - M Rousseau
- From the Division of Thoracic Surgery, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Que
| | - P Kaneva
- From the Division of Thoracic Surgery, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Que
| | - L E Ferri
- From the Division of Thoracic Surgery, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Que
| | - J Spicer
- From the Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Pathology, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Que
| | - A Andalib
- From the Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Pathology, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Que
| | - C Benay
- From the Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Pathology, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Que
| | - M Rousseau
- From the Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Pathology, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Que
| | - Y Kushner
- From the Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Pathology, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Que
| | - V Marcus
- From the Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Pathology, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Que
| | - L E Ferri
- From the Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Pathology, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Que
| | - I Hunt
- From the Division of Thoracic Surgery, Departments of Surgery and Cardiology, University of Alberta, Institute of Health Economics, Edmonton, Alta
| | - S Gazala
- From the Division of Thoracic Surgery, Departments of Surgery and Cardiology, University of Alberta, Institute of Health Economics, Edmonton, Alta
| | - R Razzak
- From the Division of Thoracic Surgery, Departments of Surgery and Cardiology, University of Alberta, Institute of Health Economics, Edmonton, Alta
| | - A Chuck
- From the Division of Thoracic Surgery, Departments of Surgery and Cardiology, University of Alberta, Institute of Health Economics, Edmonton, Alta
| | - A Valji
- From the Division of Thoracic Surgery, Departments of Surgery and Cardiology, University of Alberta, Institute of Health Economics, Edmonton, Alta
| | - K Stewart
- From the Division of Thoracic Surgery, Departments of Surgery and Cardiology, University of Alberta, Institute of Health Economics, Edmonton, Alta
| | - R Tsuyuki
- From the Division of Thoracic Surgery, Departments of Surgery and Cardiology, University of Alberta, Institute of Health Economics, Edmonton, Alta
| | - E L R Bédard
- From the Division of Thoracic Surgery, Departments of Surgery and Cardiology, University of Alberta, Institute of Health Economics, Edmonton, Alta
| | - D A Bottoni
- From the Division of Thoracic Surgery, London Health Sciences Centre, University of Western Ontario, London, Ont
| | - G Campbell
- From the Division of Thoracic Surgery, London Health Sciences Centre, University of Western Ontario, London, Ont
| | - R A Malthaner
- From the Division of Thoracic Surgery, London Health Sciences Centre, University of Western Ontario, London, Ont
| | - M Rousseau
- From the McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Que
| | - P Guevremont
- From the McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Que
| | - M Chasen
- From the McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Que
| | - J Spicer
- From the McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Que
| | - E Eckert
- From the McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Que
| | - T Alcindor
- From the McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Que
| | - S Ades
- From the McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Que
| | - L E Ferri
- From the McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Que
| | - R McGory
- From the Division of Thoracic Surgery, London Health Sciences Centre, London, Ont
| | - D Nagpal
- From the Division of Thoracic Surgery, London Health Sciences Centre, London, Ont
| | - D Fortin
- From the Division of Thoracic Surgery, London Health Sciences Centre, London, Ont
| | - R I Inculet
- From the Division of Thoracic Surgery, London Health Sciences Centre, London, Ont
| | - R A Malthaner
- From the Division of Thoracic Surgery, London Health Sciences Centre, London, Ont
| | - M Ko
- From the Division of Thoracic Surgery, St. Joseph's Health Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont
| | - Y Shargall
- From the Division of Thoracic Surgery, St. Joseph's Health Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont
| | - C Compeau
- From the Division of Thoracic Surgery, St. Joseph's Health Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont
| | - R Razzak
- From the Division of Thoracic Surgery, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alta
| | - S Gazala
- From the Division of Thoracic Surgery, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alta
| | - I Hunt
- From the Division of Thoracic Surgery, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alta
| | - J Veenstra
- From the Division of Thoracic Surgery, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alta
| | - A Valji
- From the Division of Thoracic Surgery, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alta
| | - K Stewart
- From the Division of Thoracic Surgery, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alta
| | - E L R Bédard
- From the Division of Thoracic Surgery, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alta
| | - P J Davis
- From the Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, The Moncton Hospital, Moncton, NB, and Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS
| | - M Mancuso
- From the Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, The Moncton Hospital, Moncton, NB, and Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS
| | - A A Mujoomdar
- From the Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, The Moncton Hospital, Moncton, NB, and Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS
| | - S Gazala
- From the University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alta
| | | | - L Lee
- From the Division of Thoracic Surgery, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Que
| | - J Spicer
- From the Division of Thoracic Surgery, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Que
| | - C Robineau
- From the Division of Thoracic Surgery, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Que
| | - C Sirois
- From the Division of Thoracic Surgery, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Que
| | - D Mulder
- From the Division of Thoracic Surgery, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Que
| | - L E Ferri
- From the Division of Thoracic Surgery, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Que
| | - J Cools-Lartigue
- From the Departments of Surgery, Pathology and Medicine, McGill University, Montréal, Que
| | - S-Y Chang
- From the Departments of Surgery, Pathology and Medicine, McGill University, Montréal, Que
| | - S Mayrand
- From the Departments of Surgery, Pathology and Medicine, McGill University, Montréal, Que
| | - V Marcus
- From the Departments of Surgery, Pathology and Medicine, McGill University, Montréal, Que
| | - G M Fried
- From the Departments of Surgery, Pathology and Medicine, McGill University, Montréal, Que
| | - L E Ferri
- From the Departments of Surgery, Pathology and Medicine, McGill University, Montréal, Que
| | - T Perry
- From the Departments of Surgery and Diagnostic Imaging, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alta
| | - I Hunt
- From the Departments of Surgery and Diagnostic Imaging, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alta
| | - M Allegretto
- From the Departments of Surgery and Diagnostic Imaging, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alta
| | - C Maguire
- From the Departments of Surgery and Diagnostic Imaging, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alta
| | - J Abele
- From the Departments of Surgery and Diagnostic Imaging, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alta
| | - D Williams
- From the Departments of Surgery and Diagnostic Imaging, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alta
| | - K Stewart
- From the Departments of Surgery and Diagnostic Imaging, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alta
| | - E L R Bédard
- From the Departments of Surgery and Diagnostic Imaging, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alta
| | - H S Grover
- From the Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, William Osler Health Centre, Brampton, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont
| | - S Basi
- From the Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, William Osler Health Centre, Brampton, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont
| | - P Chiasson
- From the Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, William Osler Health Centre, Brampton, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont
| | - S Basi
- From the Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, William Osler Health Centre, Brampton, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont
| | - W Gregory
- From the Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, William Osler Health Centre, Brampton, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont
| | - K Irshad
- From the Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, William Osler Health Centre, Brampton, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont
| | - C Schieman
- From the Division of Thoracic Surgery, Departments of Surgery and Diagnostic Imaging, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alta
| | - J H MacGregor
- From the Division of Thoracic Surgery, Departments of Surgery and Diagnostic Imaging, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alta
| | - E Kelly
- From the Division of Thoracic Surgery, Departments of Surgery and Diagnostic Imaging, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alta
| | - G Gelfand
- From the Division of Thoracic Surgery, Departments of Surgery and Diagnostic Imaging, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alta
| | - A J Graham
- From the Division of Thoracic Surgery, Departments of Surgery and Diagnostic Imaging, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alta
| | - S P McFadden
- From the Division of Thoracic Surgery, Departments of Surgery and Diagnostic Imaging, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alta
| | - S C Grondin
- From the Division of Thoracic Surgery, Departments of Surgery and Diagnostic Imaging, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alta
| | - K P Croome
- From the Department of General Surgery, University of Western Ontario, London, Ont., Center for Transplant Outcomes and Quality Improvement, The Transplant Institute, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, and the Department of Epidemiology, Harvard University, Boston, Mass
| | - R Chudzinski
- From the Department of General Surgery, University of Western Ontario, London, Ont., Center for Transplant Outcomes and Quality Improvement, The Transplant Institute, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, and the Department of Epidemiology, Harvard University, Boston, Mass
| | - D W Hanto
- From the Department of General Surgery, University of Western Ontario, London, Ont., Center for Transplant Outcomes and Quality Improvement, The Transplant Institute, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, and the Department of Epidemiology, Harvard University, Boston, Mass
| | - M H Jamal
- From the Department of Surgery, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Que., School of Population Health, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - S A Doi
- From the Department of Surgery, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Que., School of Population Health, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - J S Barkun
- From the Department of Surgery, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Que., School of Population Health, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - S L Wong
- From the Department of Surgery, Health Science Centre, St. John's, NL
| | - A H L Kwan
- From the Department of Surgery, Health Science Centre, St. John's, NL
| | - S Yang
- From the Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, Ont
| | - C Law
- From the Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, Ont
| | - Y Luo
- From the Hôtel-Dieu Grace Hospital, Windsor, Ont
| | - J Spiers
- From the Hôtel-Dieu Grace Hospital, Windsor, Ont
| | - A Forse
- From the Hôtel-Dieu Grace Hospital, Windsor, Ont
| | - W Taylor
- From the Hôtel-Dieu Grace Hospital, Windsor, Ont
| | - I Apriasz
- From the Departments of General Surgery and Gastroenterology, London Health Sciences Centre, University of Western Ontario, London, Ont
| | - B Mysliwiec
- From the Departments of General Surgery and Gastroenterology, London Health Sciences Centre, University of Western Ontario, London, Ont
| | - N Sarin
- From the Departments of General Surgery and Gastroenterology, London Health Sciences Centre, University of Western Ontario, London, Ont
| | - J Gregor
- From the Departments of General Surgery and Gastroenterology, London Health Sciences Centre, University of Western Ontario, London, Ont
| | - C E Moulton
- From Cancer Care Ontario HPB Surgical Oncology Community of Practice, Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Surgical Oncology Program, Cancer Care Ontario, Toronto, Ont
| | - R S McLeod
- From Cancer Care Ontario HPB Surgical Oncology Community of Practice, Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Surgical Oncology Program, Cancer Care Ontario, Toronto, Ont
| | - H Barnett
- From Cancer Care Ontario HPB Surgical Oncology Community of Practice, Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Surgical Oncology Program, Cancer Care Ontario, Toronto, Ont
| | - C Nhan
- From Cancer Care Ontario HPB Surgical Oncology Community of Practice, Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Surgical Oncology Program, Cancer Care Ontario, Toronto, Ont
| | - S Gallinger
- From Cancer Care Ontario HPB Surgical Oncology Community of Practice, Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Surgical Oncology Program, Cancer Care Ontario, Toronto, Ont
| | - S V Demyttenaere
- From the Department of Surgery, Ohio State University Medical Centre, Columbus, Ohio
| | - P Nau
- From the Department of Surgery, Ohio State University Medical Centre, Columbus, Ohio
| | - P Muscarella
- From the Department of Surgery, Ohio State University Medical Centre, Columbus, Ohio
| | - W S Melvin
- From the Department of Surgery, Ohio State University Medical Centre, Columbus, Ohio
| | - E C Ellison
- From the Department of Surgery, Ohio State University Medical Centre, Columbus, Ohio
| | - S M Wiseman
- From St. Paul's Hospital, Department of Surgery, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC
| | - A L Melck
- From St. Paul's Hospital, Department of Surgery, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC
| | - K M Davidge
- From the Divisions of Plastic, Orthopedic, and General Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont
| | - C Eskicioglu
- From the Divisions of Plastic, Orthopedic, and General Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont
| | - J Lipa
- From the Divisions of Plastic, Orthopedic, and General Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont
| | - P Ferguson
- From the Divisions of Plastic, Orthopedic, and General Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont
| | - C J Swallow
- From the Divisions of Plastic, Orthopedic, and General Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont
| | - F C Wright
- From the Divisions of Plastic, Orthopedic, and General Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont
| | - J P Edwards
- From the Department of Surgery, Medicine, Community Health Sciences, Health Information Network Calgary, Centre for Health Policy Studies, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alta
| | - E J Kelly
- From the Department of Surgery, Medicine, Community Health Sciences, Health Information Network Calgary, Centre for Health Policy Studies, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alta
| | - Y Lin
- From the Department of Surgery, Medicine, Community Health Sciences, Health Information Network Calgary, Centre for Health Policy Studies, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alta
| | - T Lenders
- From the Department of Surgery, Medicine, Community Health Sciences, Health Information Network Calgary, Centre for Health Policy Studies, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alta
| | - W A Ghali
- From the Department of Surgery, Medicine, Community Health Sciences, Health Information Network Calgary, Centre for Health Policy Studies, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alta
| | - A Graham
- From the Department of Surgery, Medicine, Community Health Sciences, Health Information Network Calgary, Centre for Health Policy Studies, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alta
| | - V Francescutti
- From the Division of General Surgery, Department of Medical Oncology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont
| | - F Farrokhyar
- From the Division of General Surgery, Department of Medical Oncology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont
| | - R Tozer
- From the Division of General Surgery, Department of Medical Oncology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont
| | - B Heller
- From the Division of General Surgery, Department of Medical Oncology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont
| | - P Lovrics
- From the Division of General Surgery, Department of Medical Oncology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont
| | - G Jansz
- From the Division of General Surgery, Department of Medical Oncology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont
| | - K Kahnamoui
- From the Division of General Surgery, Department of Medical Oncology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont
| | - G Spiegle
- From the Department of Surgery, Toronto General Hospital, Sunnybrook Health Science Centre, Mount Sinai Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont
| | - S Schmocker
- From the Department of Surgery, Toronto General Hospital, Sunnybrook Health Science Centre, Mount Sinai Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont
| | - H Huang
- From the Department of Surgery, Toronto General Hospital, Sunnybrook Health Science Centre, Mount Sinai Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont
| | - C Victor
- From the Department of Surgery, Toronto General Hospital, Sunnybrook Health Science Centre, Mount Sinai Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont
| | - C Law
- From the Department of Surgery, Toronto General Hospital, Sunnybrook Health Science Centre, Mount Sinai Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont
| | - E D Kennedy
- From the Department of Surgery, Toronto General Hospital, Sunnybrook Health Science Centre, Mount Sinai Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont
| | - J A McCart
- From the Department of Surgery, Toronto General Hospital, Sunnybrook Health Science Centre, Mount Sinai Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont
| | - N Aslani
- From the British Columbia Cancer Agency, Vancouver, BC
| | - T Swanson
- From the British Columbia Cancer Agency, Vancouver, BC
| | - H Kennecke
- From the British Columbia Cancer Agency, Vancouver, BC
| | - R Woods
- From the British Columbia Cancer Agency, Vancouver, BC
| | - N Davis
- From the British Columbia Cancer Agency, Vancouver, BC
| | - A E Klevan
- From the Departments of Surgery, Pathology and Molecular Medicine, Hamilton Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont
| | - J A Ramsay
- From the Departments of Surgery, Pathology and Molecular Medicine, Hamilton Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont
| | - W J Stephen
- From the Departments of Surgery, Pathology and Molecular Medicine, Hamilton Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont
| | - M Smith
- From the Division of General Surgery, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS
| | - M Plourde
- From the Division of General Surgery, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS
| | - P M Johnson
- From the Division of General Surgery, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS
| | - P Yaffe
- From the Departments of Medical Sciences, Surgery, Pathology, and Microbiology and Immunology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS
| | - M Walsh
- From the Departments of Medical Sciences, Surgery, Pathology, and Microbiology and Immunology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS
| | - D Hoskin
- From the Departments of Medical Sciences, Surgery, Pathology, and Microbiology and Immunology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS
| | - H P Huynh
- From the Minimally Invasive Surgery Research Group, The Ottawa Hospital, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont
| | - D C Trottier
- From the Minimally Invasive Surgery Research Group, The Ottawa Hospital, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont
| | - C Soto
- From the Minimally Invasive Surgery Research Group, The Ottawa Hospital, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont
| | - R Auer
- From the Minimally Invasive Surgery Research Group, The Ottawa Hospital, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont
| | - E C Poulin
- From the Minimally Invasive Surgery Research Group, The Ottawa Hospital, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont
| | - J Mamazza
- From the Minimally Invasive Surgery Research Group, The Ottawa Hospital, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont
| | - R P Boushey
- From the Minimally Invasive Surgery Research Group, The Ottawa Hospital, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont
| | - H Moloo
- From the Minimally Invasive Surgery Research Group, The Ottawa Hospital, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont
| | - H P Huynh
- From the Minimally Invasive Surgery Research Group, The Ottawa Hospital, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont
| | - D C Trottier
- From the Minimally Invasive Surgery Research Group, The Ottawa Hospital, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont
| | - C Soto
- From the Minimally Invasive Surgery Research Group, The Ottawa Hospital, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont
| | - H Moloo
- From the Minimally Invasive Surgery Research Group, The Ottawa Hospital, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont
| | - E C Poulin
- From the Minimally Invasive Surgery Research Group, The Ottawa Hospital, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont
| | - J Mamazza
- From the Minimally Invasive Surgery Research Group, The Ottawa Hospital, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont
| | - R P Boushey
- From the Minimally Invasive Surgery Research Group, The Ottawa Hospital, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont
| | - C Nhan
- From the Surgical Oncology Program, Cancer Care Ontario, the Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, and the Department of Pathology, University of Western Ontario, London, Ont
| | - D K Driman
- From the Surgical Oncology Program, Cancer Care Ontario, the Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, and the Department of Pathology, University of Western Ontario, London, Ont
| | - A J Smith
- From the Surgical Oncology Program, Cancer Care Ontario, the Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, and the Department of Pathology, University of Western Ontario, London, Ont
| | - A Hunter
- From the Surgical Oncology Program, Cancer Care Ontario, the Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, and the Department of Pathology, University of Western Ontario, London, Ont
| | - R S McLeod
- From the Surgical Oncology Program, Cancer Care Ontario, the Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, and the Department of Pathology, University of Western Ontario, London, Ont
| | - C Eskicioglu
- From the Division of General Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont
| | - D S Fenech
- From the Division of General Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont
| | - C Victor
- From the Division of General Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont
| | - R S McLeod
- From the Division of General Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont
| | - D C Trottier
- From the Department of Surgery, University of Ottawa, The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, Ont
| | - H Huynh
- From the Department of Surgery, University of Ottawa, The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, Ont
| | - E Sabri
- From the Department of Surgery, University of Ottawa, The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, Ont
| | - C Soto
- From the Department of Surgery, University of Ottawa, The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, Ont
| | - A Scheer
- From the Department of Surgery, University of Ottawa, The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, Ont
| | - S Zolfaghari
- From the Department of Surgery, University of Ottawa, The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, Ont
| | - H Moloo
- From the Department of Surgery, University of Ottawa, The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, Ont
| | - J Mamazza
- From the Department of Surgery, University of Ottawa, The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, Ont
| | - E C Poulin
- From the Department of Surgery, University of Ottawa, The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, Ont
| | - R P Boushey
- From the Department of Surgery, University of Ottawa, The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, Ont
| | - J Hallet
- From the Centre de chirurgie minimalement invasive de Québec, Centre hospitalier universitaire de Québec, Université Laval, Québec, Que
| | - M Guénette-Lemieux
- From the Centre de chirurgie minimalement invasive de Québec, Centre hospitalier universitaire de Québec, Université Laval, Québec, Que
| | - A Bouchard
- From the Centre de chirurgie minimalement invasive de Québec, Centre hospitalier universitaire de Québec, Université Laval, Québec, Que
| | - R C Grégoire
- From the Centre de chirurgie minimalement invasive de Québec, Centre hospitalier universitaire de Québec, Université Laval, Québec, Que
| | - C Thibault
- From the Centre de chirurgie minimalement invasive de Québec, Centre hospitalier universitaire de Québec, Université Laval, Québec, Que
| | - G Dionne
- From the Centre de chirurgie minimalement invasive de Québec, Centre hospitalier universitaire de Québec, Université Laval, Québec, Que
| | - F Côté
- From the Centre de chirurgie minimalement invasive de Québec, Centre hospitalier universitaire de Québec, Université Laval, Québec, Que
| | - P Langis
- From the Centre de chirurgie minimalement invasive de Québec, Centre hospitalier universitaire de Québec, Université Laval, Québec, Que
| | - J-P Gagné
- From the Centre de chirurgie minimalement invasive de Québec, Centre hospitalier universitaire de Québec, Université Laval, Québec, Que
| | - M J Raval
- From the Department of Surgery, St. Paul's Hospital and University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC
| | - P T Phang
- From the Department of Surgery, St. Paul's Hospital and University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC
| | - C J Brown
- From the Department of Surgery, St. Paul's Hospital and University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC
| | - A Kuzmanovic
- From the Department of Surgery, St. Paul's Hospital and University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC
| | - A Planting
- From the Department of Colorectal Surgery, St. Paul's Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC
| | - M J Raval
- From the Department of Colorectal Surgery, St. Paul's Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC
| | - P T Phang
- From the Department of Colorectal Surgery, St. Paul's Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC
| | - C J Brown
- From the Department of Colorectal Surgery, St. Paul's Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC
| | - H P Huynh
- From the Minimally Invasive Surgery Research Group, The Ottawa Hospital, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont
| | - D C Trottier
- From the Minimally Invasive Surgery Research Group, The Ottawa Hospital, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont
| | - H Moloo
- From the Minimally Invasive Surgery Research Group, The Ottawa Hospital, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont
| | - E C Poulin
- From the Minimally Invasive Surgery Research Group, The Ottawa Hospital, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont
| | - J Mamazza
- From the Minimally Invasive Surgery Research Group, The Ottawa Hospital, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont
| | - M Friedlich
- From the Minimally Invasive Surgery Research Group, The Ottawa Hospital, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont
| | - H S Stern
- From the Minimally Invasive Surgery Research Group, The Ottawa Hospital, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont
| | - R P Boushey
- From the Minimally Invasive Surgery Research Group, The Ottawa Hospital, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont
| | - B Q Tang
- From the Department of Surgery, Division of General Surgery, Royal Jubilee Hospital, Vancouver Island Health Authority, Victoria, BC
| | - H Moloo
- From the Department of Colorectal Surgery, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minn., the Department of Surgery, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont., and the Department of Colorectal Surgery, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa
| | - J Bleier
- From the Department of Colorectal Surgery, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minn., the Department of Surgery, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont., and the Department of Colorectal Surgery, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa
| | - S M Goldberg
- From the Department of Colorectal Surgery, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minn., the Department of Surgery, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont., and the Department of Colorectal Surgery, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa
| | - J Alsharif
- From the Minimally Invasive Surgery Research Group, The Ottawa Hospital, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont
| | - G Martel
- From the Minimally Invasive Surgery Research Group, The Ottawa Hospital, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont
| | - A Bouchard
- From the Minimally Invasive Surgery Research Group, The Ottawa Hospital, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont
| | - E Sabri
- From the Minimally Invasive Surgery Research Group, The Ottawa Hospital, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont
| | - C R Ramsay
- From the Minimally Invasive Surgery Research Group, The Ottawa Hospital, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont
| | - J Mamazza
- From the Minimally Invasive Surgery Research Group, The Ottawa Hospital, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont
| | - E C Poulin
- From the Minimally Invasive Surgery Research Group, The Ottawa Hospital, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont
| | - R P Boushey
- From the Minimally Invasive Surgery Research Group, The Ottawa Hospital, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont
| | - D Richardson
- From the Division of General Surgery, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS
| | - G Porter
- From the Division of General Surgery, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS
| | - P Johnson
- From the Division of General Surgery, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS
| | - E Al-Sukhni
- From the Mount Sinai Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont
| | - P F Ridgway
- From the Mount Sinai Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont
| | - B O'Connor
- From the Mount Sinai Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont
| | - R S McLeod
- From the Mount Sinai Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont
| | - C J Swallow
- From the Mount Sinai Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont
| | - S S Forbes
- From the Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont
| | - D R Urbach
- From the Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont
| | - R Sutradhar
- From the Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont
| | - L Paszat
- From the Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont
| | - L Rabeneck
- From the Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont
| | - N N Baxter
- From the Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont
| | - W Chung
- From the Division of General Surgery, St. Paul's Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC
| | - D Ko
- From the Division of General Surgery, St. Paul's Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC
| | - C Sun
- From the Division of General Surgery, St. Paul's Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC
| | - C J Brown
- From the Division of General Surgery, St. Paul's Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC
| | - M Raval
- From the Division of General Surgery, St. Paul's Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC
| | - P T Phang
- From the Division of General Surgery, St. Paul's Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC
| | - J S Pao
- From the Department of Surgery, St. Paul's Hospital, BC Cancer Agency, Vancouver, BC
| | - R Woods
- From the Department of Surgery, St. Paul's Hospital, BC Cancer Agency, Vancouver, BC
| | - M J Raval
- From the Department of Surgery, St. Paul's Hospital, BC Cancer Agency, Vancouver, BC
| | - P T Phang
- From the Department of Surgery, St. Paul's Hospital, BC Cancer Agency, Vancouver, BC
| | - C J Brown
- From the Department of Surgery, St. Paul's Hospital, BC Cancer Agency, Vancouver, BC
| | - A Power
- From the Department of Surgery, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont
| | - V Francescutti
- From the Department of Surgery, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont
| | - D Ramsey
- From the Department of Surgery, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont
| | - S Kelly
- From the Department of Surgery, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont
| | - W Stephen
- From the Department of Surgery, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont
| | - M Simunovic
- From the Department of Surgery, Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Hamilton Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont
| | - A Coates
- From the Department of Surgery, Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Hamilton Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont
| | - C H Goldsmith
- From the Department of Surgery, Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Hamilton Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont
| | - L Thabane
- From the Department of Surgery, Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Hamilton Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont
| | - D Reeson
- From the Department of Surgery, Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Hamilton Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont
| | - A J Smith
- From the Department of Surgery, Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Hamilton Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont
| | - R S McLeod
- From the Department of Surgery, Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Hamilton Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont
| | - F DeNardi
- From the Department of Surgery, Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Hamilton Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont
| | - T J Whelan
- From the Department of Surgery, Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Hamilton Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont
| | - M N Levine
- From the Department of Surgery, Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Hamilton Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont
| | - K A Al-Khayal
- From the Department of Surgery, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alta
| | - W D Buie
- From the Department of Surgery, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alta
| | - L Wallace
- From the Department of Surgery, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alta
| | - D Sigalet
- From the Department of Surgery, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alta
| | - C Eskicioglu
- From the Division of General Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont
| | - A Gagliardi
- From the Division of General Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont
| | - D S Fenech
- From the Division of General Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont
| | - C Victor
- From the Division of General Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont
| | - R S McLeod
- From the Division of General Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont
| |
Collapse
|