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Yeh JY, Chao HC, Hong CL, Hung YC, Tzou FY, Hsiao CT, Li JL, Chen WJ, Chou CT, Tsai YS, Liao YC, Lin YC, Lin S, Huang SY, Kennerson M, Lee YC, Chan CC. A missense mutation in human INSC causes peripheral neuropathy. EMBO Mol Med 2024:10.1038/s44321-024-00062-w. [PMID: 38589651 DOI: 10.1038/s44321-024-00062-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2023] [Revised: 03/08/2024] [Accepted: 03/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024] Open
Abstract
PAR3/INSC/LGN form an evolutionarily conserved complex required for asymmetric cell division in the developing brain, but its post-developmental function and disease relevance in the peripheral nervous system (PNS) remains unknown. We mapped a new locus for axonal Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease (CMT2) and identified a missense mutation c.209 T > G (p.Met70Arg) in the INSC gene. Modeling the INSCM70R variant in Drosophila, we showed that it caused proprioceptive defects in adult flies, leading to gait defects resembling those in CMT2 patients. Cellularly, PAR3/INSC/LGN dysfunction caused tubulin aggregation and necrotic neurodegeneration, with microtubule-stabilizing agents rescuing both morphological and functional defects of the INSCM70R mutation in the PNS. Our findings underscore the critical role of the PAR3/INSC/LGN machinery in the adult PNS and highlight a potential therapeutic target for INSC-associated CMT2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jui-Yu Yeh
- Graduate Institute of Physiology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hua-Chuan Chao
- Department of Neurology, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University School of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, Taoyuan General Hospital, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Li Hong
- Graduate Institute of Physiology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chien Hung
- Graduate Institute of Physiology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Fei-Yang Tzou
- Graduate Institute of Physiology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Tsung Hsiao
- Department of Neurology, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University School of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Neurology, Neurological Institute, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jeng-Lin Li
- Ph.D. Program in Translational Medicine, National Taiwan University and Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Neurology, National Taiwan University Hospital Jinshan Branch, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Jie Chen
- Institute of Molecular Biology, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
- Taiwan International Graduate Program in Interdisciplinary Neuroscience, National Cheng Kung University and Academia Sinica, Tapiei, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Ta Chou
- Department of Neurology, Neurological Institute, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Shuen Tsai
- Cancer and Immunology Research Center, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Chu Liao
- Department of Neurology, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University School of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Neurology, Neurological Institute, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Brain Research Center, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University School of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chun Lin
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, National Tsing Hua University, HsinChu, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Science, National Tsing Hua University, HsinChu, Taiwan
| | - Suewei Lin
- Institute of Molecular Biology, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Yi Huang
- Department of Medical Research, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Marina Kennerson
- Northcott Neuroscience Laboratory, ANZAC Research Institute, Sydney Local Health District, Concord, NSW, Australia
- School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Molecular Medicine Laboratory, Concord Hospital, Concord, NSW, Australia
| | - Yi-Chung Lee
- Department of Neurology, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University School of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan.
- Department of Neurology, Neurological Institute, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.
- Brain Research Center, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University School of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Chih-Chiang Chan
- Graduate Institute of Physiology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.
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Liu YH, Chou YT, Chang FP, Lee WJ, Guo YC, Chou CT, Huang HC, Mizuguchi T, Chou CC, Yu HY, Yu KW, Wu HM, Tsai PC, Matsumoto N, Lee YC, Liao YC. Neuronal intranuclear inclusion disease in patients with adult-onset non-vascular leukoencephalopathy. Brain 2022; 145:3010-3021. [PMID: 35411397 DOI: 10.1093/brain/awac135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2022] [Revised: 03/24/2022] [Accepted: 03/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuronal intranuclear inclusion disease (NIID), caused by an expansion of GGC repeats in the 5'-untranslated region of NOTCH2NLC, is an important but underdiagnosed cause of adult-onset leukoencephalopathies. The present study aimed to investigate the prevalence, clinical spectrum, and brain MRI characteristics of NIID in adult-onset nonvascular leukoencephalopathies and assess the diagnostic performance of neuroimaging features. One hundred and sixty-one unrelated Taiwanese patients with genetically undetermined nonvascular leukoencephalopathies were screened for the NOTCH2NLC GGC repeat expansions using fragment analysis, repeat-primed PCR, southern blot analysis and/or nanopore sequencing with Cas9-mediated enrichment. Among them, 32 (19.9%) patients had an expanded NOTCH2NLC allele and diagnosed with NIID. We enrolled another two affected family members from one patient for further analysis. The size of the expanded NOTCH2NLC GGC repeats in the 34 patients ranged from 73 to 323 repeats. Skin biopsy from five patients all showed eosinophilic, p62-positive intranuclear inclusions in the sweat gland cells and dermal adipocytes. Among the 34 NIID patents presenting with nonvascular leukoencephalopathies, the median age at symptom onset was 61 years (range, 41-78 years) and the initial presentations included cognitive decline (44.1%; 15/34), acute encephalitis-like episodes (32.4%; 11/34), limb weakness (11.8%, 4/34), and parkinsonism (11.8%; 4/34). Cognitive decline (64.7%; 22/34) and acute encephalitis-like episodes (55.9%; 19/34) were also the most common overall manifestations. Two-thirds of the patients had either bladder dysfunction or visual disturbance. Comparing the brain MRI features between the NIID patients and individuals with other undetermined leukoencephalopathies, corticomedullary junction curvilinear lesion on diffusion weighted imaging (DWI) was the best biomarker to diagnose NIID with high specificity (98.4%) and sensitivity (88.2%). However, such DWI abnormality was absent in 11.8% of the NIID patients. When only fluid-attenuated inversion recovery images were available, presence of white matter hyperintensity lesions (WMH) either in paravermis or middle cerebellar peduncles also favored the diagnosis of NIID with a specificity of 85.3% and a sensitivity of 76.5%. Among the ten patients' MRI performed within 5 days of the onset of acute encephalitis-like episodes, five showed cortical DWI hyperintense lesions and two revealed focal brain edema. In conclusion, NIID accounts for 19.9% (32/161) of patients with adult-onset genetically undiagnosed nonvascular leukoencephalopathies in Taiwan. Half of the NIID patients ever developed encephalitis-like episodes with restricted diffusion in the cortical regions at the acute stage DWI. Corticomedullary junction hyperintense lesions, WMH in paravermis or middle cerebellar peduncles, bladder dysfunction and visual disturbance are useful hints to diagnose NIID.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Hong Liu
- Department of Neurology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 11217, Taiwan
| | - Ying-Tsen Chou
- Department of Neurology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 11217, Taiwan
| | - Fu-Pang Chang
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 11217, Taiwan.,Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 11221, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Ju Lee
- Neurological Institute, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung 40705, Taiwan.,Faculty of Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 11221, Taiwan.,College of Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 40227, Taiwan
| | - Yuh-Cherng Guo
- Department of Neurology, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 404332, Taiwan.,School of Medicine, College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 404333, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Ta Chou
- Neurological Institute, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung 40705, Taiwan.,Rong Hsing Research Center for Translational Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 40227, Taiwan
| | - Hui-Chun Huang
- Department of Neurology, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 404332, Taiwan.,School of Medicine, College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 404333, Taiwan
| | - Takeshi Mizuguchi
- Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama 236-0004, Japan
| | - Chien-Chen Chou
- Department of Neurology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 11217, Taiwan.,Faculty of Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 11221, Taiwan.,Brain Research Center, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 11221, Taiwan
| | - Hsiang-Yu Yu
- Department of Neurology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 11217, Taiwan.,Faculty of Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 11221, Taiwan.,Brain Research Center, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 11221, Taiwan
| | - Kai-Wei Yu
- Faculty of Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 11221, Taiwan.,Brain Research Center, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 11221, Taiwan.,Department of Radiology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 11217, Taiwan
| | - Hsiu-Mei Wu
- Faculty of Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 11221, Taiwan.,Brain Research Center, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 11221, Taiwan.,Department of Radiology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 11217, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Chien Tsai
- Department of Life Sciences, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 40227, Taiwan
| | - Naomichi Matsumoto
- Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama 236-0004, Japan
| | - Yi-Chung Lee
- Department of Neurology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 11217, Taiwan.,Faculty of Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 11221, Taiwan.,Brain Research Center, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 11221, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Chu Liao
- Department of Neurology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 11217, Taiwan.,Faculty of Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 11221, Taiwan.,Brain Research Center, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 11221, Taiwan
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Hsu SL, Chen YH, Chou CT, Chou YT, Tsai YS, Hsiao CT, Liao YC, Lee YC. Investigating ABCD1 mutations in a Taiwanese cohort with hereditary spastic paraplegia phenotype. Parkinsonism Relat Disord 2021; 92:7-12. [PMID: 34649108 DOI: 10.1016/j.parkreldis.2021.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2021] [Revised: 09/19/2021] [Accepted: 10/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adrenoleukodystrophy (ALD) is an X-linked peroxisomal disorder caused by mutations in the ABCD1 gene. The clinical manifestations of ALD vary widely with some patients presenting with adrenomyeloneuropathy (AMN) that resembles the phenotype of hereditary spastic paraplegia (HSP). The aim of this study is to investigate the frequency, spectrum, and clinical features of ABCD1 mutations in Taiwanese patients with HSP phenotype. METHODS Mutational analysis of the ABCD1 gene was performed in 230 unrelated Taiwanese patients with clinically suspected HSP by targeted resequencing. Clinical, electrophysiological, and neuroimaging features of the patients carrying an ABCD1 pathogenic mutation were characterized. RESULTS Ten different ABCD1 mutations were identified in eleven patients, including two novel mutations (p.Q177Pfs*17 and p.Y357*) and eight ever reported in ALD cases of other ethnicities. All patients were male and exhibited slowly progressive spastic paraparesis with onset ages ranging from 21 to 50 years. Most of them had additional non-motor symptoms, including autonomic dysfunction in nine patients, sensory deficits in seven, premature baldness in seven, skin hyperpigmentation in five, psychiatric symptoms in one and cerebellar ataxia in one. Seven of the ten patients who ever received nerve conduction studies showed axonal polyneuropathy. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed diffuse spinal cord atrophy in seven patients, cerebral white matter hyperintensity in one patient, and cerebellar involvement in one patient. CONCLUSIONS ABCD1 mutations account for 4.8% (11/230) of the cases with HSP phenotype in Taiwan. This study highlights the importance to consider ABCD1 mutations in patients with clinically suspected HSP of unknown genetic causes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shao-Lun Hsu
- Department of Neurology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Faculty of Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ying-Hao Chen
- Department of Neurology, Ditmanson Medical Foundation Chia-Yi Christian, Hospital, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Ta Chou
- Department of Neurology, Neurological Institute, Taichung Veterans General Hos-pital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Ying-Tsen Chou
- Department of Neurology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Shuen Tsai
- Center for Systems and Synthetic Biology, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Tsung Hsiao
- Department of Neurology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Faculty of Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Chu Liao
- Department of Neurology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Faculty of Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan; Brain Research Center, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Yi-Chung Lee
- Department of Neurology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Faculty of Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan; Brain Research Center, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan.
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Chou CT, Soong BW, Lin KP, Tsai YS, Jih KY, Liao YC, Lee YC. Clinical characteristics of Taiwanese patients with Hereditary spastic paraplegia type 5. Ann Clin Transl Neurol 2020; 7:486-496. [PMID: 32202070 PMCID: PMC7187706 DOI: 10.1002/acn3.51019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2020] [Revised: 02/20/2020] [Accepted: 02/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives To investigate the clinical, electrophysiological, neuroimaging characteristics and genetic features of SPG5 in Taiwan. Methods Mutational analysis of the coding regions of CYP7B1 was performed by utilizing targeted resequencing analysis of the 187 unrelated Taiwanese HSP patients. The diagnosis of SPG5 was ascertained by the presence of biallelic CYP7B1 mutations. The SPG5 patients received clinical, electrophysiological, and neuroimaging evaluations. Disease severity was assessed by using the Spastic Paraplegia Rating Scale (SPRS) and the disability score. Two microsatellite markers as well as 18 single‐nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers flanking CYP7B1 were genotyped to assess the founder effect of the CYP7B1 p.R112* mutation. Results Nineteen SPG5 patients from 17 families were identified. They typically presented an insidious onset progressive spastic paraparesis with proprioception involvement beginning at age 8 to 40 years. Their MRIs often showed white matter abnormalities in bilateral occipito‐parietal regions, spinal cord atrophy, and mild cerebellar atrophy. Six different mutations in CYP7B1 were recognized, including three novel ones (p.N131Ifs*4, p.A295V, and p.L439R). CYP7B1 p.R112* was the most common mutation and present in 88.2% of the 17 SPG5 pedigrees. The patients with homozygous CYP7B1 p.R112* mutations had a milder clinical severity. Detailed haplotype analyses demonstrated a shared haplotype in the 25 individuals carrying at least one single allele of CYP7B1 p.R112*, suggesting a founder effect. Interpretation This study delineates the distinct clinical and genetic features of SPG5 in Taiwan and provides useful information for the diagnosis and management of SPG5, especially in patients of Chinese descent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-Ta Chou
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Yang-Ming University School of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Neurology, Neurological Institute, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Bing-Wen Soong
- Department of Neurology, Neurological Institute, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Neurology, Taipei Neuroscience Institute, Taipei Medical University-Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Kon-Ping Lin
- Department of Neurology, Neurological Institute, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Neurology, National Yang-Ming University School of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Shuen Tsai
- Center for Systems and Synthetic Biology, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Kang-Yang Jih
- Department of Neurology, Neurological Institute, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Neurology, National Yang-Ming University School of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Chu Liao
- Department of Neurology, Neurological Institute, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Neurology, National Yang-Ming University School of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan.,Brain Research Center, National Yang-Ming University School of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Chung Lee
- Department of Neurology, Neurological Institute, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Neurology, National Yang-Ming University School of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan.,Brain Research Center, National Yang-Ming University School of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
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Chou CT, Liao HT, Chen CH, Chen WS, Wang HP, Su KY. The Clinical Application of Anti-CCP in Rheumatoid Arthritis and Other Rheumatic Diseases. Biomark Insights 2017. [DOI: 10.1177/117727190700200007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a common rheumatic disease in Caucasians and in other ethnic groups. Diagnosis is mainly based on clinical features. Before 1998, the only serological laboratory test that could contribute to the diagnosis was that for rheumatoid factor (RF). The disease activity markers for the evaluation of clinical symptoms or treatment outcome were the erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) and C-reactive protein (CRP). As a matter of fact, the diagnosis of early RA is quite impossible, as the clinical criteria are insufficient at the beginning stage of the disease. In 1998, Schelleken reported that a high percentage of RA patients had a specific antibody that could interact with a synthetic peptide which contained the amino acid citrulline. The high specificity (98%) for RA of this new serological marker, anti-cyclic citrullinated antibody (anti-CCP antibody), can be detected early in RA, before the typical clinical features appear. The presence or absence of this antibody can easily distinguish other rheumatic diseases from RA. Additionally, the titer of anti-CCP can be used to predict the prognosis and treatment outcome after DMARDs or biological therapy. Therefore, with improvement of sensitivity, the anti-CCP antibody will be widely used as a routine laboratory test in the clinical practice for RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- CT Chou
- Division of Allergy-Immunology-Rheumatology, Veterans General Hospital
| | - HT Liao
- Division of Allergy-Immunology-Rheumatology, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - CH Chen
- Division of Allergy-Immunology-Rheumatology, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - WS Chen
- Division of Allergy-Immunology-Rheumatology, Veterans General Hospital
| | - HP Wang
- Division of Allergy-Immunology-Rheumatology, Veterans General Hospital
| | - KY Su
- Division of Allergy-Immunology-Rheumatology, Veterans General Hospital
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Chou CT, Liao YC, Lee WJ, Wang SJ, Fuh JL. SORL1 gene, plasma biomarkers, and the risk of Alzheimer's disease for the Han Chinese population in Taiwan. Alzheimers Res Ther 2016; 8:53. [PMID: 28034305 PMCID: PMC5200969 DOI: 10.1186/s13195-016-0222-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2016] [Accepted: 11/10/2016] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Background The sortilin-related receptor 1 (SORL1) gene, regulating the trafficking and recycling of amyloid precursor protein, has been related to Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and mild cognitive impairment (MCI). The aim of the present study was to investigate the relationship between SORL1 polymorphisms, plasma concentrations of amyloid-beta (Aβ) isoforms, and AD and MCI susceptibility for a Han Chinese population in Taiwan. Methods Eight single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in SORL1 and the apolipoprotein E gene (APOE) ε4 alleles were genotyped in 798 patients with AD, 157 patients with MCI, and 401 control subjects. Plasma concentrations of Aβ42, Aβ40, and neuropsychiatric tests for six different cognitive domains were examined. Results Among the eight tested SNPs, SORL1 rs1784933 was most significantly associated with AD and MCI in our population. The G allele of rs1784933 exerted a protective effect and was associated with a reduced risk of AD (odds ratio [OR] = 0.75, p = 0.004) and MCI (OR = 0.69, p = 0.013). The significance remained after we adjusted for age, sex, and APOE ε4 alleles. For the overall participants, the plasma concentrations of Aβ42 were nominally significant for subjects carrying the rs1784933 G allele having a lower level than those without the G allele (p = 0.046). There was a similar trend for the G allele carriers to have a lower plasma Aβ40 level than noncarriers, but this was not significant. The nonsynonymous SNP rs2298813 was also related to a lower disease risk when AD and MCI were combined as a group (OR = 0.76, p = 0.035). However, there was no association between SORL1 genotypes and any of the six cognitive tests. Conclusions Findings from our study provide support for the effect of SORL1 gene on the disease risks and pathognomonic surrogates of AD/MCI. The interaction between SORL1 polymorphisms and Aβ formation requires further study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-Ta Chou
- Department of Neurology, Neurological Institute, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, 1650 Taiwan Boulevard Section 4, Taichung, 40705, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Chu Liao
- Department of Neurology, Neurological Institute, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, No. 201, Section 2, Shipai Road, Beitou District, Taipei City, 11217, Taiwan.,Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, No. 155, Section 2, Li-Nong Street, Taipei, 11217, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Ju Lee
- Department of Neurology, Neurological Institute, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, 1650 Taiwan Boulevard Section 4, Taichung, 40705, Taiwan.,Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, No. 155, Section 2, Li-Nong Street, Taipei, 11217, Taiwan.,Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, No. 155, Section 2, Li-Nong Street, Taipei, 11217, Taiwan
| | - Shuu-Jiun Wang
- Department of Neurology, Neurological Institute, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, No. 201, Section 2, Shipai Road, Beitou District, Taipei City, 11217, Taiwan. .,Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, No. 155, Section 2, Li-Nong Street, Taipei, 11217, Taiwan. .,Brain Research Center, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, No. 155, Section 2, Linong Street, Taipei, 11217, Taiwan.
| | - Jong-Ling Fuh
- Department of Neurology, Neurological Institute, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, No. 201, Section 2, Shipai Road, Beitou District, Taipei City, 11217, Taiwan. .,Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, No. 155, Section 2, Li-Nong Street, Taipei, 11217, Taiwan. .,Brain Research Center, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, No. 155, Section 2, Linong Street, Taipei, 11217, Taiwan.
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Chang HT, Liu CS, Chou CT, Hsieh CH, Chang CH, Chen WC, Liu SI, Hsu SS, Chen JS, Jiann BP, Huang JK, Jan CR. Econazole induces increases in free intracellular Ca2+ concentrations in human osteosarcoma cells. Hum Exp Toxicol 2016; 24:453-8. [PMID: 16235734 DOI: 10.1191/0960327105ht558oa] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Econazole is an antifungal drug with different in vitro effects. However, econazole's effect on osteoblast like cells is unknown. In human MG63 osteosarcoma cells, the effect of econazole on intracellular Ca2+ concentrations ([Ca2+]i) was explored by using fura-2. At a concentration of 0.1 μM, econazole started to cause a rise in [Ca2+]i in a concentration-dependent manner. Econazole-induced [Ca2+]i rise was reduced by 74% by removal of extracellular Ca2+. The econazole-induced Ca2+ influx was mediated via a nimodipine-sensitive pathway. In Ca2+ free medium, thapsigargin, an inhibitor of the endoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ ATPase, caused a [Ca2+]i rise, after which the increasing effect of econazole on [Ca2+]i was abolished. Pretreatment of cells with econazole to deplete Ca2+ stores totally prevented thapsigargin from releasing Ca2+. U73122, an inhibitor of phospholipase C, abolished histamine (an inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate dependent Ca2+ mobilizer)-induced, but not econazoleinduced, [Ca2+]i rise. Econazole inhibited 76% of thapsigargin-induced store-operated Ca2+ entry. These findings suggest that in MG63 osteosarcoma cells, econazole increases [Ca2+]i by stimulating Ca2+ influx and Ca2+ release from the endoplasmic reticulum via a phospholipase C-independent manner. In contrast, econazole acts as a potent blocker of store-operated Ca2+ entry.
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Affiliation(s)
- H T Chang
- Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
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Chao HC, Chou CT, Lee YC, Lin KP. Coexistence of Charcot Marie Tooth disease type 1A and diabetes in Taiwan: A clinicopathological study. J Neurol Sci 2015; 358:213-20. [PMID: 26349404 DOI: 10.1016/j.jns.2015.08.1539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2015] [Accepted: 08/26/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Charcot Marie Tooth disease type 1A (CMT1A) is the most commonly inherited demyelinating polyneuropathy with variable phenotypes, affected by several comorbidities, especially diabetes mellitus (DM). Previous studies showed that DM exacerbates the clinical manifestations of CMT1A. PATIENTS AND METHODS We retrospectively evaluated patients with CMT1A in our hospital, and identified three groups among 12 cases, which comprised four patients with CMT1A, four with CMT1A+DM, and four with DM. We reviewed the CMT neuropathy score (CMTNS), electrophysiological data, and histomorphological parameters of the sural nerve, including fiber density, myelin thickness, axon diameter, g-ratio, regenerative clusters, and regeneration ratio. RESULTS The CMTNS was significantly higher in patients with CMT1A+DM (21.5±2.52) than in those with CMT1A only (10.8±4.4; p=0.03). Pathological findings in patients with CMT1A+DM included a significant decrease of myelinated fiber density (p=0.02) and reduction in the regenerative ratio (p=0.01), indicating severe degeneration with impaired regeneration. In non-parametric analyses, DM was found to play a more important role than CMT1A in influencing nerve degeneration and regeneration. CONCLUSIONS In patients with CMT1A, DM exacerbated clinical and pathological manifestations including increased loss of myelinated fibers, abnormal axon-myelin interaction, and impaired nerve regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua-Chuan Chao
- Department of Neurology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC; Department of Neurology, National Yang-Ming University School of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Cheng-Ta Chou
- Department of Neurology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC; Department of Neurology, National Yang-Ming University School of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Yi-Chung Lee
- Department of Neurology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC; Department of Neurology, National Yang-Ming University School of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC; Brain Research Center, National Yang-Ming University School of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Kon-Ping Lin
- Department of Neurology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC; Department of Neurology, National Yang-Ming University School of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC.
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Chou CT, Liang JF. Trigeminal schwannoma presenting as atypical trigeminal neuralgia and masseter atrophy. Acta Neurol Taiwan 2014; 23:38-39. [PMID: 24833215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-Ta Chou
- Department of Neurology, Neurological institute, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jen-Feng Liang
- Department of Neurology, Neurological institute, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
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Li CH, Chou CT. Bone sparing implant removal without trephine via internal separation of the titanium body with a carbide bur. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2013; 43:248-50. [PMID: 24176547 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijom.2013.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2013] [Revised: 07/20/2013] [Accepted: 09/17/2013] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
A novel technique was developed to remove osseointegrated implants without enlarging the bony socket. Immediate replacement was performed simultaneously using a same-size implant with good primary stability. The prosthesis was delivered after 6 months of healing with good loading function. Good bone stability was found at the 12-month follow-up.
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Affiliation(s)
- C H Li
- Chuan Sheng Dental Clinic, Ji'an Township, Hualien County, Taiwan.
| | - C T Chou
- Dental Department, Taipei Medical University, Da'an District, Taipei City, Taiwan
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Chen IS, Mok KT, Chou CT, Liu SI, Kuo CC, Hsu SS, Chang HT, Tsai JY, Liao WC, Jan CR. Effect of phenethyl isothiocyanate on Ca2+ movement and viability in MDCK canine renal tubular cells. Hum Exp Toxicol 2012; 31:1251-61. [DOI: 10.1177/0960327112446841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The effect of the natural compound phenethyl isothiocyanate (PEITC) on cytosolic Ca2+ concentrations ([Ca2+]i) and viability in MDCK renal cells is unknown. This study explored whether PEITC changed [Ca2+]i in MDCK cells using the Ca2+-sensitive fluorescent dye fura-2. PEITC at 200–700 μM increased [Ca2+]i in a concentration-dependent manner. The signal was reduced by removing extracellular Ca2+. PEITC-induced Ca2+ influx was inhibited by nifedipine, econazole, SK&F 96365 and protein kinase C modulators. In Ca2+-free medium, treatment with the endoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ pump inhibitor thapsigargin (TG) or 2,5-di- tert-butylhydroquinone (BHQ) inhibited PEITC-induced rise in [Ca2+]i. Incubation with PEITC also inhibited TG or BHQ-induced rise in [Ca2+]i. Inhibition of phospholipase C with U73122 abolished PEITC-induced rise in [Ca2+]i. At 15–75 μM, PEITC decreased viability. The cytotoxic effect of PEITC was enhanced by chelating cytosolic Ca2+ with 1,2-bis(2-aminophenoxy)ethane- N, N, N′, N′-tetraacetic acid/acetoxymethyl ester. Annexin V-FITC data suggest that 20 and 50 μM PEITC induced apoptosis. At 10 and 15 μM, PEITC did not increase reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. Together, in renal tubular cells, PEITC-induced rise in [Ca2+]i by inducing phospholipase C-dependent Ca2+ release from endoplasmic reticulum and Ca2+ entry via store-operated Ca2+ channels. PEITC induced apoptosis in a concentration-dependent, ROS/Ca2+-independent manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- IS Chen
- Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - KT Mok
- Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - CT Chou
- Division of Basic Medical Sciences, Department of Nursing, Chang Gung Institute of Technology, Chia-Yi, Taiwan
- Chronic Diseases and Health Promotion Research Center, Chang Gung Institute of Technology, Chia-Yi, Taiwan
| | - SI Liu
- Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - CC Kuo
- Department of Nursing, Tzu Hui Institute of Technology, Pingtung, Taiwan
| | - SS Hsu
- Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - HT Chang
- Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - JY Tsai
- Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - WC Liao
- Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - CR Jan
- Department of Medical Education and Research, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
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Chang YS, Lai CC, Chen WS, Wang SH, Chou CT, Tsai CY. Protein-losing enteropathy and premature ovarian failure in a young woman with systemic lupus erythematosus. Lupus 2012; 21:1237-9. [PMID: 22627066 DOI: 10.1177/0961203312449492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Protein-losing enteropathy (PLE) and autoimmune oophoritis are unusual manifestations of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Autoimmune oophoritis may result in menstrual disturbance and spontaneous premature ovarian failure. However, there is no validated examination to confirm the diagnosis and it is easily neglected in patients with ovarian insufficiency. A 31-year-old woman with SLE presented with PLE and autoimmune oophoritis during the long course of flares and remissions in her lupus activity. The synchronism implied the association between the two. Moreover, both conditions simultaneously had a good response to cyclosporine A (CsA) therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y S Chang
- Division of Allergy, Immunology and Rheumatology and, Department of Medicine, Taipei Medical University Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
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Rudwaleit M, van der Heijde D, Landewé R, Akkoc N, Brandt J, Chou CT, Dougados M, Huang F, Gu J, Kirazli Y, Van den Bosch F, Olivieri I, Roussou E, Scarpato S, Sørensen IJ, Valle-Oñate R, Weber U, Wei J, Sieper J. The Assessment of SpondyloArthritis International Society classification criteria for peripheral spondyloarthritis and for spondyloarthritis in general. Ann Rheum Dis 2010; 70:25-31. [PMID: 21109520 DOI: 10.1136/ard.2010.133645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 996] [Impact Index Per Article: 71.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate new classification criteria for peripheral spondyloarthritis (SpA) in patients with SpA with peripheral manifestations only. METHODS In this Assessment of SpondyloArthritis international Society (ASAS) study, two prespecified sets of criteria were compared against the European Spondylarthropathy Study Group (ESSG) and Amor criteria in newly referred consecutive patients with undiagnosed peripheral arthritis, and/or enthesitis, and/or dactylitis that usually began before 45 years of age. The clinical diagnosis (SpA vs no SpA) made by the ASAS rheumatologist served as reference standard. RESULTS In all, 24 ASAS centres included 266 patients, with a final diagnosis of SpA being made in 66.2%. After adjustments a final set of criteria showed the best balance between sensitivity (77.8%) and specificity (82.9%): arthritis and/or enthesitis and/or dactylitis plus (A) one or more of the following parameters: psoriasis, inflammatory bowel disease, preceding infection, human leucocyte antigen B27, uveitis, sacroiliitis on imaging, or (B) two or more other parameters: arthritis, enthesitis, dactylitis, inflammatory back pain in the past, family history of SpA. The new criteria performed better than modified versions of the ESSG (sensitivity 62.5%, specificity 81.1%) and the Amor criteria (sensitivity 39.8%, specificity 97.8%), particularly regarding sensitivity. In the entire ASAS population of 975 patients the combined use of ASAS criteria for axial SpA and ASAS criteria for peripheral SpA also had a better balance (sensitivity 79.5%, specificity 83.3%) than the modified ESSG (sensitivity 79.1%, specificity 68.8%) and Amor criteria (sensitivity 67.5%, specificity 86.7%), respectively. CONCLUSIONS The new ASAS classification criteria for peripheral SpA performed well in patients presenting with peripheral arthritis, enthesitis and/or dactylitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Rudwaleit
- Department of Medicine, Charité-University Medicine, Berlin, Germany.
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Chen WS, Chen CH, Lin KC, Tsai CY, Liao HT, Wang HB, Chen YK, Yang AH, Chen TC, Chou CT. Immunohistological features of hip synovitis in ankylosing spondylitis with advanced hip involvement. Scand J Rheumatol 2009; 38:154-5. [PMID: 19165649 DOI: 10.1080/03009740802409504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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15
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Rudwaleit M, van der Heijde D, Landewé R, Listing J, Akkoc N, Brandt J, Braun J, Chou CT, Collantes-Estevez E, Dougados M, Huang F, Gu J, Khan MA, Kirazli Y, Maksymowych WP, Mielants H, Sørensen IJ, Ozgocmen S, Roussou E, Valle-Oñate R, Weber U, Wei J, Sieper J. The development of Assessment of SpondyloArthritis international Society classification criteria for axial spondyloarthritis (part II): validation and final selection. Ann Rheum Dis 2009; 68:777-83. [PMID: 19297344 DOI: 10.1136/ard.2009.108233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2164] [Impact Index Per Article: 144.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To validate and refine two sets of candidate criteria for the classification/diagnosis of axial spondyloarthritis (SpA). METHODS All Assessment of SpondyloArthritis international Society (ASAS) members were invited to include consecutively new patients with chronic (> or =3 months) back pain of unknown origin that began before 45 years of age. The candidate criteria were first tested in the entire cohort of 649 patients from 25 centres, and then refined in a random selection of 40% of cases and thereafter validated in the remaining 60%. RESULTS Upon diagnostic work-up, axial SpA was diagnosed in 60.2% of the cohort. Of these, 70% did not fulfil modified New York criteria and, therefore, were classified as having "non-radiographic" axial SpA. Refinement of the candidate criteria resulted in new ASAS classification criteria that are defined as: the presence of sacroiliitis by radiography or by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) plus at least one SpA feature ("imaging arm") or the presence of HLA-B27 plus at least two SpA features ("clinical arm"). The sensitivity and specificity of the entire set of the new criteria were 82.9% and 84.4%, and for the imaging arm alone 66.2% and 97.3%, respectively. The specificity of the new criteria was much better than that of the European Spondylarthropathy Study Group criteria modified for MRI (sensitivity 85.1%, specificity 65.1%) and slightly better than that of the modified Amor criteria (sensitivity 82.9, specificity 77.5%). CONCLUSION The new ASAS classification criteria for axial SpA can reliably classify patients for clinical studies and may help rheumatologists in clinical practice in diagnosing axial SpA in those with chronic back pain. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER NCT00328068.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Rudwaleit
- Med Klinik I, Charité, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Berlin, Germany.
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16
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Wang JL, Lin KL, Chen WC, Chou CT, Huang CJ, Liu CS, Hsieh CH, Chang CH, Huang JK, Chang HT, Liu SI, Hsu SS, Jan CR. Effect of Celecoxib on Ca2+Fluxes and Proliferation in MDCK Renal Tubular Cells. J Recept Signal Transduct Res 2008; 25:237-49. [PMID: 16393914 DOI: 10.1080/10799890500464704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
The effect of celecoxib on renal tubular cells is largely unexplored. In Madin Darby canine kidney (MDCK) cells, the effect of celecoxib on intracellular CaCa2+ concentration ([Ca2+]i) and proliferation was examined by using the Ca(2 +)-sensitive fluorescent dye fura-2 and the viability detecting fluorescent dye tetrazolium, respectively. Celecoxib (> or =1 micro M) caused an increase of [CaCa2+]i in a concentration-dependent manner. Celecoxib-induced [CaCa2+]i increase was partly reduced by removal of extracellular CaCa2+. Celecoxib-induced CaCa2+ influx was independently suggested by MnCa2+ influx-induced fura-2 fluorescence quench. In Ca(2 +)-free medium, thapsigargin, an inhibitor of the endoplasmic reticulum Ca(2 +)-ATPase, caused a monophasic [CaCa2+]i increase, after which celecoxib only induced a tiny [CaCa2+]i increase; conversely, pretreatment with celecoxib completely inhibited thapsigargin-induced [CaCa2+]i increases. U73122, an inhibitor of phospholipase C, abolished ATP (but not celecoxib)-induced [CaCa2+]i increases. Overnight incubation with 1 or 10 micro M celecoxib decreased cell viability by 80% and 100%, respectively. These data indicate that celecoxib evokes a [CaCa2+]i increase in renal tubular cells by stimulating both extracellular CaCa2+ influx and intracellular CaCa2+ release and is highly toxic to renal tubular cells in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- J L Wang
- Department of Rehabilitation, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
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Chang HC, Cheng HH, Huang CJ, Chen WC, Chen IS, Liu SI, Hsu SS, Chang HT, Wang JK, Lu YC, Chou CT, Jan CR. Safrole-Induced Ca2+Mobilization and Cytotoxicity in Human PC3 Prostate Cancer Cells. J Recept Signal Transduct Res 2008; 26:199-212. [PMID: 16777715 DOI: 10.1080/10799890600662595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
The effect of the carcinogen safrole on intracellular Ca2+ mobilization and on viability of human PC3 prostate cancer cells was examined. Cytosolic free Ca2+ levels ([Ca2+]i) were measured by using fura-2 as a probe. Safrole at concentrations above 10 microM increased [Ca2+]i in a concentration-dependent manner with an EC50 value of 350 microM. The Ca2+ signal was reduced by more than half after removing extracellular Ca2+ but was unaffected by nifedipine, nicardipine, nimodipine, diltiazem, or verapamil. In Ca2+-free medium, after treatment with 650 microM safrole, 1 microM thapsigargin (an endoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ pump inhibitor) failed to release Ca2+. Neither inhibition of phospholipase C with U73122 nor modulation of protein kinase C activity affected safrole-induced Ca2+ release. Overnight incubation with 0.65-65 microM safrole did not affect cell viability, but incubation with 325-625 microM safrole decreased viability. Collectively, the data suggest that in PC3 cells, safrole induced a [Ca2+]i increase by causing Ca2+ release from the endoplasmic reticulum in a phospholipase C- and protein kinase C-independent fashion, and by inducing Ca2+ influx. Safrole can decrease cell viability in a concentration-dependent manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- H C Chang
- Department of Urology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
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Chou CT, Liao HT, Chen CH, Chen WS, Wang HP, Su KY. The Clinical Application of Anti-CCP in Rheumatoid Arthritis and Other Rheumatic Diseases. Biomark Insights 2007; 2:165-71. [PMID: 19662201 PMCID: PMC2717818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a common rheumatic disease in Caucasians and in other ethnic groups. Diagnosis is mainly based on clinical features. Before 1998, the only serological laboratory test that could contribute to the diagnosis was that for rheumatoid factor (RF). The disease activity markers for the evaluation of clinical symptoms or treatment outcome were the erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) and C-reactive protein (CRP). As a matter of fact, the diagnosis of early RA is quite impossible, as the clinical criteria are insufficient at the beginning stage of the disease. In 1998, Schelleken reported that a high percentage of RA patients had a specific antibody that could interact with a synthetic peptide which contained the amino acid citrulline. The high specificity (98%) for RA of this new serological marker, anti-cyclic citrullinated antibody (anti-CCP antibody), can be detected early in RA, before the typical clinical features appear. The presence or absence of this antibody can easily distinguish other rheumatic diseases from RA. Additionally, the titer of anti-CCP can be used to predict the prognosis and treatment outcome after DMARDs or biological therapy. Therefore, with improvement of sensitivity, the anti-CCP antibody will be widely used as a routine laboratory test in the clinical practice for RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- CT Chou
- Division of Allergy-Immunology-Rheumatology, Veterans General Hospital,Correspondence: Chung-Tei Chou, Division of Allergy-Immunology-Rheumatology, Veterans General Hospital-Taipei, No. 201, Sec. 2, Shipai Rd., Beitou Dist., Taipei, Taiwan 112. Tel: +886-2-28757130; Fax: +886-2-28721874;
| | - HT Liao
- Division of Allergy-Immunology-Rheumatology, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - CH Chen
- Division of Allergy-Immunology-Rheumatology, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - WS Chen
- Division of Allergy-Immunology-Rheumatology, Veterans General Hospital
| | - HP Wang
- Division of Allergy-Immunology-Rheumatology, Veterans General Hospital
| | - KY Su
- Division of Allergy-Immunology-Rheumatology, Veterans General Hospital
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Chang YT, Chou CT, Yu CW, Lin MW, Shiao YM, Chen CC, Huang CH, Lee DD, Liu HN, Wang WJ, Tsai SF. Cytokine gene polymorphisms in Chinese patients with psoriasis. Br J Dermatol 2007; 156:899-905. [PMID: 17388919 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2133.2007.07820.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous studies have shown that cytokine gene polymorphisms may confer susceptibility to psoriasis. OBJECTIVES To determine whether genetic polymorphisms of the cytokine genes might influence the development of psoriasis in Chinese patients in Taiwan. METHODS DNA samples were obtained from 170 patients with psoriasis vulgaris (PV), 102 patients with psoriatic arthritis (PsA) and 210 control subjects. Using direct sequencing and microsatellite genotyping, we examined 28 polymorphisms in 11 cytokine genes including the interleukin (IL)-1alpha, IL-1beta, IL-1 receptor antagonist, IL-4, IL-8, IL-10, IL-12B, IL-13, tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha, TNF-beta and interferon-gamma genes. Genotypes of HLA-Cw*0602, killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptor (KIR) genes and major histocompatibility complex class I chain-related gene A (MICA) were also determined in patients with PsA. RESULTS The patients with PV were more likely to carry the +4496G allele of the IL-12B gene (59.4% vs. 49.3%, P = 0.0067, P(c) = 0.033). However, no significantly different allelic and genotypic distributions of the other analysed genes including IL-1beta, TNF-alpha, TNF-beta, KIR genes and MICA were found between the PV/PsA patients and controls. Moreover, no association was observed with disease onset, gender, peripheral arthritis or joint erosion. With regards to HLA-Cw*0602, its allele frequency was significantly increased in patients with early-onset PV (25.3% vs. 4.8%, P < 10(-7)), but not in patients with PsA. CONCLUSIONS The IL-12B gene polymorphism conferred a risk for PV in our Chinese population, although the effect was more minor than that of HLA-Cw*0602. Cw*0602, KIR2DS1/S2 and MICA-A9 were unlikely to be risk alleles in our patients with PsA. The other analysed genetic polymorphisms of cytokine genes do not appear to be associated with susceptibility to PV and PsA in Chinese patients in Taiwan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y T Chang
- Department of Dermatology, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.
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Chen WC, Cheng HH, Huang CJ, Chou CT, Liu SI, Chen IS, Hsu SS, Chang HT, Huang JK, Jan CR. Effect of riluzole on Ca2+ movement and cytotoxicity in Madin-Darby canine kidney cells. Hum Exp Toxicol 2006; 25:461-9. [PMID: 16937918 DOI: 10.1191/0960327106het641oa] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Riluzole is a drug used in the treatment of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis; however, its in vitro action is unclear. In this study, the effect of riluzole on intracellular Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]i) in Madin-Darby canine kidney (MDCK) cells was investigated using the Ca2+ -sensitive fluorescent dye, fura-2. Riluzole (100-500 microM) caused a rapid and sustained increase of [Ca2+]i in a concentration-dependent manner (EC50 = 150 microM). Some 40 and 50% of this [Ca2+]i increase was prevented by the removal of extracellular Ca2+ and the addition of La3+, respectively, but was unchanged by dihydropyridines, verapamil and diltiazem. In Ca2+ -free medium, thapsigargin - an inhibitor of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) Caz+ -ATPase--caused a monophasic [Ca2+]i increase, after which the increasing effect of riluzole on [Ca2+]i was attenuated by 70%; in addition, pre-treatment with riluzole abolished thapsigargin-induced [Ca2+]i increases. U73122, an inhibitor of phospholipase C (PLC), abolished ATP (but not riluzole)-induced [Ca2+]i increases. At concentrations of 250 and 500 microM, riluzole killed 40 and 95% cells, respectively. The cytotoxic effect of riluzole (250 microM) was unaltered by pre-chelating cytosolic Ca2+ with BAPTA. Collectively, in MDCK cells, riluzole rapidly increased [Ca2+]i by stimulating extracellular Ca2+ influx via an La3+ -sensitive pathway and intracellular Ca2+ release from the ER via, as yet, unidentified mechanisms. Furthermore, riluzole caused Ca2+ -unrelated cytotoxicity in a concentration-dependent manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- W C Chen
- Department of Surgery, Ping Tung Christian Hospital, Ping Tung, Taiwan
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Chang YT, Chou CT, Shiao YM, Lin MW, Yu CW, Chen CC, Huang CH, Lee DD, Liu HN, Wang WJ, Tsai SF. Psoriasis vulgaris in Chinese individuals is associated withPSORS1C3andCDSNgenes. Br J Dermatol 2006; 155:663-9. [PMID: 16965413 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2133.2006.07420.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Besides the HLA-Cw*0602 allele, the psoriasis susceptibility 1 candidate 3 (PSORS1C3) and corneodesmosin (CDSN) genes are two probable psoriasis susceptibility genes in the PSORS1 locus. The -79C, -26C and +246A alleles of the PSORS1C3 gene, the CDSN*971T allele, CDSN*TTC (619T-1236T-1243C) and CDSN*5 (619T-1240G-1243C) are strongly associated with psoriasis in the caucasian population. Until now, no haplotype study of the PSORS1C3 and CDSN genes has been documented in Chinese patients with psoriasis vulgaris. OBJECTIVES We aimed to determine whether genetic polymorphisms of the PSORS1C3 and CDSN genes were associated with an increased risk of psoriasis vulgaris in Chinese patients in Taiwan. METHODS We investigated the PSORS1C3 and CDSN genes for disease association by direct sequencing in 178 patients with psoriasis vulgaris and 203 control subjects. Genotyping for HLA-Cw*0602, alpha-helix coiled-coil rod homologue (HCR) gene and single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) n.9 was also carried out using a sequence-based typing method. RESULTS The PSORS1C3*582A allele, an SNP in the 3'-untranslated region of the PSORS1C3 gene, was a major psoriasis vulgaris susceptibility allele in the Chinese population, and the association was much stronger in patients with early-onset psoriasis vulgaris (22.3% vs. 6.9%, odds ratio = 3.87, P(c) =0.0000072). The frequencies of CDSN*TTC and CDSN*971T were also significantly increased in patients with early-onset psoriasis vulgaris. Moreover, PSORS1C3*582A, SNP n.9*C, Cw*0602 and HCR*WWCC were in near complete linkage disequilibrium (LD) with each other; in contrast, the LD with the CDSN gene was not so strong. SNP n.9*C-Cw*0602-PSORS1C3*582A-HCR*WWCC was a major susceptibility haplotype in patients with early-onset psoriasis vulgaris (P < 10(-7)) and this risk haplotype also carried CDSN*TTC and CDSN*971T. CONCLUSIONS The PSORS1C3 and CDSN genes are important psoriasis susceptibility genes in Chinese patients with psoriasis vulgaris.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y T Chang
- Department of Dermatology, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.
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Abstract
We report a rare case of bilateral retrocaval ureters associated with duplicated inferior renal cava. A 69-year-old woman was sent to our emergency room for abdominal pain. Multidetector computed tomogram with multiplanar reconstruction revealed duplicated inferior renal cavae and the bilateral ureters were positioned behind the duplicated inferior vena cava. To our knowledge, coexistence of bilateral retrocaval ureters and duplicated inferior renal cavae has not been reported in the literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- C T Chou
- Department of Radiology, Chang-Hua Christian Hospital, Taiwan, Republic of China.
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Chen HA, Lin KC, Chen CH, Liao HT, Wang HP, Chang HN, Tsai CY, Chou CT. The effect of etanercept on anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide antibodies and rheumatoid factor in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Ann Rheum Dis 2005; 65:35-9. [PMID: 15975966 PMCID: PMC1797988 DOI: 10.1136/ard.2005.038851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the changes in anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide antibodies (anti-CCP) and rheumatoid factor (RF) following etanercept treatment in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. METHODS The study included 90 patients with rheumatoid arthritis who failed treatment with disease modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs). All patients were allowed to continue treatment with DMARDs; 52 of them received etanercept as a twice weekly 25 mg subcutaneous injection for three months, and the others did not. Serum samples were collected at baseline and one month intervals during the treatment course. The serum levels of anti-CCP and RF were tested by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay and nephelometry, respectively. RESULTS At baseline, 45 of the 52 etanercept treated patients (86.5%) and 32 of the 38 controls (84.2%) were positive for anti-CCP. Tests for RF were positive in 78.9% and 84.2% of patients with or without etanercept treatment, respectively. The serum levels of anti-CCP and RF decreased significantly after a three month etanercept treatment (p = 0.007 and p = 0.006, respectively). The average decrease from baseline calculated for each individual patient in the etanercept treated group was 31.3% for anti-CCP and 36% for RF. The variation in anti-CCP was positively correlated with the variation in disease activity, swollen and tender joint counts, RF, and C reactive protein. CONCLUSIONS Etanercept combined with DMARDs leads to a much greater decrease than DMARDs alone in the serum levels of anti-CCP and RF in rheumatoid arthritis, compatible with a reduction in clinical disease activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- H A Chen
- Section of Allergy-Immunology-Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Veterans General Hospital-Taipei, Taiwan.
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Chou CT, Lin KC, Wei JCC, Tsai WC, Ho HH, Hwang CM, Cherng JM, Hsu CM, Yu DTY. Study of undifferentiated spondyloarthropathy among first-degree relatives of ankylosing spondylitis probands. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2005; 44:662-5. [PMID: 15741196 DOI: 10.1093/rheumatology/keh577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To estimate in a Chinese population the prevalence of undifferentiated spondyloarthropathy (USpA) among first-degree relatives (FDRs) of ankylosing spondylitis (AS) probands, and to compare the clinical features of familial USpA with those of sporadic USpA. METHODS The FDRs of two separate cohorts of consecutive AS probands were evaluated for the prevalence of USpA, using the Modified New York criteria and the European Spondylitis Study Group criteria for AS and SpA, respectively. Sporadic USpA and FDRs of non-SpA rheumatic patient probands served as separate controls. RESULTS Among the 301 FDRs of 102 AS probands, 7.0% were USpA. This was 1000 times higher than the 147 FDRs of 40 non-SpA probands (P = 0.00230). Within the AS families, USpA was less male-dominated than AS (33.3 vs 72.5%) (P = 0.006). The only feature distinguishing familial from sporadic USpA was that the percentages of HLA B27 were 100 and 50%, respectively (P<0.001). CONCLUSION USpA and AS coexist in the same Chinese families, both being predisposed by HLA B27. In these families, a female gender favours the development of USpA rather than AS. A significant subset of sporadic USpA (HLA B27-negative group) has a different genetic predisposition compared with familial USpA.
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Affiliation(s)
- C T Chou
- Division of Allergy-Immunology-Rheumatology, Veterans General Hospital-Taipei, No. 201, Sec. 2, Shipai Road, Beitou Chiu, Taipei, Taiwan 112.
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Wei JCC, Tsai WC, Lin HS, Tsai CY, Chou CT. HLA-B60 and B61 are strongly associated with ankylosing spondylitis in HLA-B27-negative Taiwan Chinese patients. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2004; 43:839-42. [PMID: 15113995 DOI: 10.1093/rheumatology/keh193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Carriage of HLA-B60 has been shown to increase the risk of ankylosing spondylitis (AS) in B27-positive Caucasian patients, but the association in B27-negative cases is less certain. This study assessed HLA class I gene associations in Chinese HLA-B27-negative AS patients. METHODS Forty-one Chinese HLA-B27-negative AS patients fulfilling the modified New York diagnostic criteria for AS were recruited, and 11 383 HLA-B27-negative blood donors were used for comparison. HLA-A and -B typing was done with the microlymphocytotoxicity assay. RESULTS Among the B27-negative AS patients, 21 were male and 20 were female. Of HLA-B alleles, only B60 and B61 significantly increased susceptibility to AS in HLA-B27-negative patients (P<0.001). CONCLUSIONS In Taiwan Chinese, carriage of B60 is increased in HLA-B27-negative AS patients. The association between B61 and HLA-B27-negative AS patients has not been reported previously. Whether the gene involved is HLA-B60 or B61 or another gene in linkage disequilibrium with these genes is unknown.
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Affiliation(s)
- J C C Wei
- Division of Allergy-Immunology-Rheumatology, Veterans General Hospital-Taipei, No. 201, Sec. 2, Shpai Road, Beitou Chiu, Taipei, Taiwan
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Abstract
In order to understand the impact of the massive earthquake on disease activity, 60 patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) living in the earthquake area (group 1) and 31 patients living away from the area (group 2) were enrolled in this study. A questionnaire was used to record demographic data and clinical manifestations before and 6 months after the earthquake. Laboratory tests, including serum C3, C4, creatinine, anti-DNA antibody, CBC and 24 h urine protein were taken. The results showed that nine patients in group 1 had obvious disease flare-up as evidenced by fever, arthralgia, malar rash and photosensitivity, increased protein loss or edema, and other symptoms. However, there were no significant changes in either group 1 or 2 patients. In contrast, the comparison of laboratory parameters in group 1 patients before and after the earthquake showed a significant decrease of C4 from 17.3 +/- 15.3 to 14.1 +/- 7.33 and a significant increase of creatinine from 1.20 +/- 1.54 to 1.27 +/- 1.70 (P < 0.05), respectively. No significant difference for either C4 or creatinine was found in group 2 patients. In conclusion, there was no striking change in the clinical aspects for lupus patients. However, some laboratory results became abnormal in group 1 patients after the earthquake, indicating that their lupus status may have worsened.
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Affiliation(s)
- C T Chou
- Division of Allergy-Immunology-Rheumatology, Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China.
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Kung YY, Chen FP, Chaung HL, Chou CT, Tsai YY, Hwang SJ. Evaluation of acupuncture effect to chronic myofascial pain syndrome in the cervical and upper back regions by the concept of Meridians. ACUPUNCTURE ELECTRO 2002; 26:195-202. [PMID: 11761448 DOI: 10.3727/036012901816355947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Myofascial pain syndrome (MPS) in the cervical and upper back regions is a common medical problem. The involved muscles include trapezius, multifidi, splenius cervicis, levator scapulae, supraspinatus or infraspinatus. Acupuncture is a well-known method for relief of chronic pain. In this study, we evaluated the effect of acupuncture in MPS and its durability by using the concept of meridians. Twenty-nine patients with chronic MPS in the upper back and cervical regions received acupuncture 2 times per week for 3 weeks. According to the pathways of the meridians, we chose acupuncture points by the pain regions located in which parts of meridian passing (i.e. "Where the meridian passes, where to treat the disease."). We evaluated the intensity of pain by visual analog scales (VAS) and active range of motion (ROM) of neck before and after therapy. After receiving acupuncture for 3 weeks, VAS of pain fell significantly from 9.0+/-1.0 to 4.9+/-2.5 and active ROM of neck significantly increased from 35.8+/-10.2 degrees to 61.3+/-9.4 degrees (p<0.05). The onset of symptom relief was gradual and duration of symptom relief after a course of acupuncture was average 5.3+/-1.2 days. In conclusion, acupuncture is a somewhat effective method for pain relief of patients with chronic MPS in the cervical and upper back regions. However, the effect of acupuncture with the concept of meridians on MPS is insidious and the duration of the relief is not long enough.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Y Kung
- Center for Traditional Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
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Chou CT, Tsai YY. A double-blind, randomized, controlled parallel group study evaluating the efficacy and safety of acemetacin for the management of osteoarthritis. Int J Clin Pharmacol Res 2002; 22:1-6. [PMID: 12395912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/19/2023]
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to compare the efficacy and tolerability of a new form of nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drug (NSAID), acematacin (Acemet), with indomethacin, in patients suffering from osteoarthritis (OA). Patients diagnosed with OA were included in a double-blind, randomized, controlled parallel group study A total of 42 patients were randomized to either acemetacin 60 mg t.i.d. or indomethacin 25 mg t.i.d. for 28 days. At an outpatient clinic, each patient was followed up regularly for efficacy, compliance and possible adverse events. Both drugs produced a statistically significant improvement for primary efficacy variables: change of pain score during motion and restriction of body movement. Values for overall tolerability and incidence of gastrointestinal side effects were significantly lower for acemetacin than for indomethacin. We therefore suggest that acemetacin, by demonstrating significant tolerability and safety advantages, is as effective as indomethacin for the treatment of OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- C T Chou
- Department of Medicine, Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC.
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Abstract
We report here a case of vulvar adhesion that was difficult to cure by estrogen only. We used amniotic membrane to be a barrier and after the operation, the symptoms of vulvar adhesion were resolved.
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Affiliation(s)
- C T Chou
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shin Kong Wu Ho-Su Memorial Hospital, Shih Lin district, Taipei, Taiwan
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Chou CT, Tsai YF, Liu J, Wei JC, Liao TS, Chen ML, Liu LY. The detection of the HLA-B27 antigen by immunomagnetic separation and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay-comparison with a flow cytometric procedure. J Immunol Methods 2001; 255:15-22. [PMID: 11470282 DOI: 10.1016/s0022-1759(01)00414-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
The HLA-B27 antigen is an important genetic marker in ankylosing spondylitis (AS). Methods for the detection of B27 include the microlymphocytotoxicity test and, more recently, flowcytometry (FC). Here, we describe a new method, IMS-ELISA, for measuring the B27-antigen. It combines immunomagnetic separation (IMS), to obtain B27-positive cells from whole blood samples, with an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) as a read-out. IMS-ELISA was tested on 367 samples obtained from five different hospitals in Taiwan. The sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of the method were compared with FC. Any conflicting data between IMS-ELISA and FC was confirmed by HLA-DNA typing via PCR-SSP (polymerase chain reaction-sequence specific primers). Overall, the results for sensitivity, specificity and accuracy obtained by IMS-ELISA and FC did not show any significant difference (p>0.05). However, when considering laboratory time, cost, ease of operation and the screening of large samples for HLA-B27, the IMS-ELISA was superior to the FC method. We conclude that IMS-ELISA may be used as a fast screening method for HLA B27 detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- C T Chou
- Division of Allergy-Immunology-Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Veterans General Hospital, No. 201, Sec. 2, Shih-Pai Road, Shih-Pai, Taipei, Taiwan.
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Abstract
The association between HLA-B27 and the spondyloarthropathies (SpAs) is so strong that it is supposed that the HLA-B27 molecule plays a pathogenetic role. In whites and Indonesians, the frequency of HLA-B27 is about 10%; in Chinese it is about 8%; and in Japanese it is only about 1%. The prevalence of SpA in the Chinese is at least 0.2%, but in native Indonesians, Philippinos, and Malaysians, SpA is rarely seen. Twenty-three subtypes (B*2701-B*2723) have been distinguished. These subtypes are not equally distributed over the world. In most countries the distribution of the subtypes among HLA-B27 SpA patients is the same as that among the normal HLA-B27-positive population. In China, the subtype B*2704 is frequent and the prevalence of SpA is high. Native Indonesians, however, mostly have subtype B*2706, and SpA is rarely seen in this population. It was shown that B*2706, probably like B*2709 in Sardinia, is not associated with SpA. The difference between the SpA-associated and non-SpA-associated subtypes is limited to only two amino acid residues (114 and 116) at the bottom of the peptide-binding groove of HLA-B27. This small difference between health and disease rewards studies for different peptide-binding capacities and may help us characterize the peptides that are involved in the pathogenesis of SpA. The differences in disease associations in these countries also have clinical implications. In Southeast Asia, HLA-B27 typing without subtyping has less clinical usefulness than in parts of the world where B*2706 is rarely seen. When native Indonesians, Malaysians, or Philippinos are suspected of having ankylosing spondylitis or a related SpA, it is worth asking if they had white or Chinese ancestors. If native HLA-B27-positive Indonesians (with subtypes other than B*2706) develop SpA, the clinical features are not different from those in other parts of the world. In the Chinese population on the mainland and in Taiwan, juvenile SpA is frequently seen. The onset is often a peripheral arthritis or enthesitis.
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Chen WT, Shih TT, Chen RC, Lo SY, Chou CT, Lee JM, Tu HY. Vertebral bone marrow perfusion evaluated with dynamic contrast-enhanced MR imaging: significance of aging and sex. Radiology 2001; 220:213-8. [PMID: 11426000 DOI: 10.1148/radiology.220.1.r01jl32213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate blood perfusion of nonfractured, normal-appearing vertebral bodies with regard to age and sex. MATERIALS AND METHODS Dynamic magnetic resonance imaging (160 images obtained in 80 seconds) was performed from T10 to L5 in 66 patients. Patients were assigned to three groups: group 1, those 50 years or younger without compression fracture; group 2, those older than 50 years without compression fracture; or group 3, those older than 50 years with compression fracture. Peak enhancement percentage and enhancement slope were determined from the time-intensity curve of normal (nonfractured) vertebral body. Comparisons were made between groups, and the effect of age and sex interaction was analyzed. RESULTS Higher peak enhancement percentage was demonstrated for group 1 compared with group 2 (58.21 +/- 44.65 [SD] vs 21.88 +/- 14.77, P <.005). Group 1 women revealed a higher enhancement percentage compared with group 1 men (87.17 +/- 54.13 vs 38.16 +/- 21.69, P <.05), which significantly decreased in those older than 50 years (from 87.17 +/- 54.13 to 17.98 +/- 13.80, P <.005). For men, this decrease in those older than 50 years was not as pronounced (from 38.16 +/- 21.69 to 25.38 +/- 15.43, P >.05). Presence of compression fracture at other levels of the spine (group 3) was not associated with a different enhancement percentage for normal vertebrae. CONCLUSION Rate of vertebral bone marrow perfusion revealed a significant decrease in subjects older than 50 years. Women demonstrated a higher marrow perfusion rate than men younger than 50 years and a more marked decrease than men older than 50 years.
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Affiliation(s)
- W T Chen
- Department of Radiology, Taipei Municipal Jen-Ai Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
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Tsai CY, Yu CL, Wu TH, Lu JY, Lair TS, Tsai YY, Chou CT. Polyclonal anticardiolipin antibodies purified from sera of patients with active systemic lupus erythematosus induce apoptosis of the cultured glomerular mesangial cells. Scand J Rheumatol 2001; 29:370-9. [PMID: 11132206 DOI: 10.1080/030097400447570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To test the effect of anticardiolipin antibodies (aCL) on cultured glomerular mesangial cells with regard to their expression of apoptosis-related genes. METHODS aCL purified from active lupus sera by cardiolipin micelles were incubated with cultured rodent mesangial cells (RMC). Morphological changes of the RMC were observed. The genomic DNA was extracted for the detection of apoptosis. The total cell RNA was extracted for detection of Fas, c-myc, p53, and bcl-2 transcripts by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. RESULTS aCL (100 GPL-U/0.1 mg protein/ml) bound to RMC more prominent than human IgG (100 microg/ml). The antibodies suppressed RMC proliferation in a dose-dependent manner. The RMC were undergoing apoptosis as evidenced by morphologic changes, fluoresceinannexin V staining and appearance of nucleosome-sized DNA fragments. RMC spontaneously express p53 and c-myc but not Fas or bcl-2. aCL (100 GPL-U/ml) enhanced the expression of Fas but not other apoptosis-related genes and suppressed the intracellular tyrosine phosphorylation. CONCLUSIONS Binding of aCL can induce apoptosis of the RMC. The aCL may be implicated in the pathogenesis of lupus nephritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Y Tsai
- Section of Allergy, Immunology, & Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taiwan.
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Chou CT. Factors affecting the pathogenesis of ankylosing spondylitis. Chin Med J (Engl) 2001; 114:211-2. [PMID: 11780212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/23/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- C T Chou
- Division of Allergy-Immunology Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 11217, China.
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Abstract
Recent studies have suggested that apoptosis is one of the pathogenetic mechanisms in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). In this study, by using single and double immunohistochemical staining assays, Fas, Fas-L, p53, and Bcl-2 were measured simultaneously in RA and osteoarthritic (OA) and post-traumatic (PT) synovial tissues (ST) in order to understand the distribution of these apoptosis-related proteins. The TdT-mediated dUTP-biotin nick end labelling (TUNEL) method was performed to detect apoptotic cells. There was a significant increase of Fas, Fas-L, and p53 in RA ST, compared with OA or PT, but no significant difference of Bcl-2 expression was detected between patient groups. In RA ST, expression of Fas and p53 was detected in sub-lining layers and the majority of Fas- and p53-expressing cells were fibroblast-like synoviocytes. A positive correlation between Fas and p53 was demonstrated in RA ST. In RA ST, one-third of Fas-positive and 80% of p53-positive cells were also TUNEL-positive. These results indicate that apoptosis in RA is strongly associated with the expression of Fas and p53, but not Bcl-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- C T Chou
- Division of Allergy-Immunology-Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.
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Chou CT, Schumacher HR. Human leucocyte antigens (class I and II) in central Taiwan aborigines: can these explain the observed differences in rheumatic disease patterns compared with Han Chinese? Rheumatology (Oxford) 2000; 39:1297-9. [PMID: 11085819 DOI: 10.1093/rheumatology/39.11.1297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Tsai CY, Wu TH, Yu CL, Chou CT. The in vitro immunomodulatory effects of sulfasalazine on human polymorphonuclear leukocytes, mononuclear cells, and cultured glomerular mesangial cells. Life Sci 2000; 67:1149-61. [PMID: 10954049 DOI: 10.1016/s0024-3205(00)00708-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Sulfasalazine (SSA) was investigated for its effects on phagocytic activity of normal human polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMN), proliferation of mononuclear cells (MNC) and cultured glomerular mesangial cells. At concentrations from 25 to 100 microM, it inhibited phagocytic activity of PMN and the 3H-thymidine incorporation of phytohemagglutinin (PHA)-stimulated human MNC in a dose-dependent manner. At comparable concentrations, sulfapyridine and 5-aminosalicylic acid, two of its major metabolites, did not show similar effects. SSA exhibited an inhibitory effect on both mouse and rat mesangial cells but at rather higher concentrations (0.5 mM). Excretion of interleukin (IL)-8 by lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated PMN was also markedly deterred in a dose-dependent manner but excretion of IL-8 by LPS-stimulated MNC was not interfered by SSA. Production of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha and IL-1beta by mouse mesangial cells was not blocked by SSA but production of IL-4 by these cells was inhibited by it (>0.1 mM). Inhibition of MNC was not due directly to cytotoxic effect of SSA on these cells as shown by fluorescein diacetate stain. Collectively, SSA inhibits phagocytosis and IL-8 excretion by PMN as well as mitogen-stimulated MNC reaction. On the other hand, at high concentrations, it inhibits glomerular mesangial cells and their IL-4 excretion but not TNF-alpha and IL-1beta excretion. These results can account for minimal nephrotoxic characteristic of SSA and suggest that it may be helpful in the treatment of immune-mediated glomerulonephritis.
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MESH Headings
- Adjuvants, Immunologic/pharmacology
- Adjuvants, Immunologic/toxicity
- Animals
- Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal/pharmacology
- Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal/toxicity
- Cell Division/drug effects
- Cell Survival/drug effects
- Cells, Cultured
- Dose-Response Relationship, Immunologic
- Fluoresceins
- Fluorescent Dyes
- Glomerular Mesangium/drug effects
- Glomerular Mesangium/immunology
- Glomerular Mesangium/metabolism
- Humans
- Interleukin-4/biosynthesis
- Interleukin-8/antagonists & inhibitors
- Interleukin-8/metabolism
- Leukocytes, Mononuclear/drug effects
- Leukocytes, Mononuclear/immunology
- Leukocytes, Mononuclear/metabolism
- Lipopolysaccharides/pharmacology
- Lymphocyte Activation/drug effects
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred BALB C
- Neutrophils/drug effects
- Neutrophils/immunology
- Neutrophils/metabolism
- Phagocytosis/drug effects
- Rats
- Rats, Sprague-Dawley
- Sulfasalazine/pharmacology
- Sulfasalazine/toxicity
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Affiliation(s)
- C Y Tsai
- Department of Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taiwan.
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Tsai CY, Tsai YY, Tsai ST, Wu TH, Yu CL, Chou CT. Peculiar myelopathy in a patient with overlap syndrome with lupus- and rheumatoid-like symptoms. Clin Exp Rheumatol 2000; 18:272-3. [PMID: 10812515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/16/2023]
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Affiliation(s)
- C M Huang
- Department of Internal Medicine, China Medical College Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan, Republic of China
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Abstract
An epidemiologic study to determine lipids and biochemical traits was performed in central Taiwan aborigines with and without gout and in the local Han Chinese. The lipid profile included measurement of serum triglyceride, cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), apolipoprotein A-I (apoA-I), and apoB. The results showed no significant difference for body mass index (BMI) and cholesterol between the three groups. Greater alcohol consumption was found in aborigines with gout compared with the other two groups. With univariate analysis, serum triglyceride, uric acid, creatinine, LDL-C, and apoB were significantly higher in aborigines with gout versus aborigines without gout or Han people (P<.001). By contrast, HDL-C and apoA-I were significantly lower in aborigines with gout (P<.001 or .01). However, with multivariate analysis, only serum triglyceride, uric acid, and apoB-1 were significantly different between aborigines with versus without gout. In conclusion, the apparent lipid abnormalities, particularly triglyceride and apoB, in Taiwan aborigines with gout are unlikely secondary to obesity. Instead, excessive alcohol intake or genetic factors may play a role in inducing hyperlipidemia in gout.
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Affiliation(s)
- C T Chou
- Department of Medicine, China Medical College Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan, Republic of China
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Abstract
Septic sacroiliitis is an uncommon disease and is rarely reported as a complication of acupuncture. We present a case of unilateral septic sarcoiliitis, which developed as a complication of acupuncture because of failure to sterilise the skin properly before treatment. Bone scan and computed tomography were positive for sacroiliitis. After a course of antibiotics with oxacillin for 6 weeks, the condition was completely improved. This case report stresses the importance of sterilisation procedures before acupuncture therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- S M Lau
- Department of Internal Medicine, China Medical College Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan, Republic of China
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Chou CT, Chang SC. The inhibitory effect of common traditional anti-rheumatic herb formulas on prostaglandin E and interleukin 2 in vitro: a comparative study with Tripterygium wilfordii. J Ethnopharmacol 1998; 62:167-171. [PMID: 9741888 DOI: 10.1016/s0378-8741(98)00041-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
To understand the clinical efficacy of traditional anti-rheumatic herbal medicines on acute and severe arthritis or immune diseases, four herbal formulas and one herb were tested in vitro to determine their effects on prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) and interleukin 2 (IL2). Peripheral blood mononuclear cells from healthy subjects were incubated with different concentrations of four herbal formulas including Shaur Yau Gan Tsao Tang (SYGTT), Shang Jong Shiah Tong Yong Tong Feng Wan (SJSTY), Shu Jin Lih An Saan (SJLAS), Ma Shing Yih Gan Tang (MSYGT) and one herb, Tripterygium wilfordii (T2) with and without mitogen stimulation. PGE2 and IL2 from culture supernatant were measured by enzyme immunoassay. The results showed that SYGTT, SJSTY, SJLAS at concentration of 100 microg and MSYGT at 500 microg/ml can significantly inhibit PGE2 release (P < 0.05) from mononuclear cells. However, T2 at 2 microg/ml expressed the same response. For the inhibition of IL2, the concentration of SYGTT, SJSTY and SJLAS must exceed 100 symbol microg/ml. MSYGT failed to inhibit IL2 at even concentrations of 500 microg/ml but T2 at a very low concentration (0.6 microg/ml) could strongly inhibit it. The findings suggest that the majority of traditional anti-rheumatic herbal formulas or herbs, except for T2, should not be used to treat acute and critical arthritis or immune diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- C T Chou
- Division of Rheumatology-Immunology, China Medical College Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan, ROC
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Abstract
To determine the prevalence of hyperuricaemia, gout and gout-related factors in Central Taiwan Atayal aborigines, 342 subjects over 18 yr old were interviewed and examined. A questionnaire was designed to screen for signs and symptoms of gout and gout-related risk factors. Serum uric acid, triglyceride and creatinine were measured in all subjects. The prevalence of hyperuricaemia was 41.4% and that of gout 11.7% in aborigines. The uric acid level was 7.9+/-1.7 mg/dl in males and 5.7+/-1.5 in females, and differed significantly under age 70 yr (P < 0.001). Significantly increased triglyceride, creatinine and alcoholism was found in gouty patients compared with non-gouty patients. In 40 cases with gout, 54% had tophi and 35% of their first-degree relatives had gout. The high prevalence of hyperuricaemia and gout in Taiwan Atayal aborigines, a significant family predisposition, increased creatinine level and alcoholism suggest multiple factors affecting the hyperuricaemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- C T Chou
- Department of Medicine, China Medical College Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
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Chou CT, Uksila J, Toivanen P. Enterobacterial antibodies in Chinese patients with rheumatoid arthritis and ankylosing spondylitis. Clin Exp Rheumatol 1998; 16:161-4. [PMID: 9536392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To study the role of microbial infection in rheumatic diseases. METHODS Sera from 39 Chinese patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA), 52 patients with ankylosing spondylitis (AS) and 51 healthy subjects (HS) were examined for IgG, IgA, and IgM class antibodies against Proteus mirabilis, Escherichia coli, Campylobacter jejuni, Salmonella typhimurium and enteritidis, Yersinia enterocolitica, and Klebsiella pneumoniae (capsular serotypes 31 and 43), using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. RESULTS In patients with RA, IgA class antibodies against all bacterial strains used as the antigen were increased when compared to healthy controls. In patients with AS, significantly elevated IgA levels were observed against Campylobacter and Klebsiella K43. IgM class antibodies were less frequently elevated in RA and in AS than IgA class antibodies. In RA patients, IgG antibodies against Klebsiella K43 and Proteus were significantly increased. No differences were observed in IgG class antibodies between AS patients and healthy controls. CONCLUSION Increases in serum bacterial antibodies in RA and AS suggest that in both diseases stimulation of the intestinal immune system by enterobacteria may have a role. However, the question whether this phenomenon is due to increased intestinal permeability and/or represents cross reactions between different enterobacteria remains open.
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Affiliation(s)
- C T Chou
- Rheumatology-Immunology Division, China Medical College Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan, R.O.C
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Abstract
Three members of a Taiwanese kindred developed severe, systemic, early onset (< age 25 years), biopsy-proven amyloidosis. Clinical features included upper and lower extremity sensorimotor neuropathy, abdominal pain, vomiting, corneal ulcerations, cardiomyopathy, and syncope. Immunohistochemical analysis indicated that the deposits consisted of transthyretin. Molecular genetic studies revealed a heterozygous codon 55 point mutation, resulting in a proline for leucine-substitution, a mutation previously associated with aggressive familial amyloidosis in a US kindred of Dutch and German descent. The clinical courses and echocardiographic findings are typical for many types of amyloidosis; the pathologic data and genetic studies were necessary to establish a precise diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- C T Chou
- Department of Medicine, China Medical College Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
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Huang CM, Chou CT. Hyperprolactinemia in systemic lupus erythematosus. Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi (Taipei) 1997; 59:37-41. [PMID: 9134821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recent evidence demonstrates that hyperprolactinemia was found in active systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). This indicates prolactin (PRL) is an important immunoregulator and may play a role in the pathogenesis of SLE. However, study of the prevalence and the clinical significance of hyperprolactinemia in SLE and other rheumatic disease has rarely been carried out. METHODS From January 1995 to January 1996, 79 individuals were enrolled in this study. PRL levels of 30 cases of SLE were compared with those in 29 rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and 20 normal healthy volunteers. Moreover, a correlation between levels of PRL and SLE disease activity index (SLEDAI) in SLE patients was studied. RESULTS The mean value of serum PRL level in SLE patients (19.35 +/- 11.33 ng/dl) was significantly higher than in RA patients (12.33 +/- 8.30 nd/dl, p < 0.05). The difference was more pronounced between SLE patients and healthy individuals (12.01 +/- 7.53 ng/dl, p < 0.01). However, patients with RA had no significant difference from the control group. Analysis made between SLEDAI and PRL levels in SLE patients revealed no significant correlation (r = 0.537, p = 0.07). Furthermore, no significant correlation was found between antinuclear antibody (ANA), C3, C4, anti-DNA and hyperprolactinemia. CONCLUSIONS This study has shown that hyperprolactinemia is prevalent in random SLE patients, but not in RA patients. The elevated PRL levels seem not to be associated with disease activity and ANA positivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- C M Huang
- Department of Medicine, China Medical College Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan, R.O.C
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Chou CT, Cockayne DJ, Zou J, Kringhoj P, Jagadish C. {111} defects in 1-MeV-silicon-ion-implanted silicon. Phys Rev B Condens Matter 1995; 52:17223-17230. [PMID: 9981150 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.52.17223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
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Maksymowych WP, Suarez-Almazor M, Chou CT, Russell AS. Polymorphism in the LMP2 gene influences susceptibility to extraspinal disease in HLA-B27 positive individuals with ankylosing spondylitis. Ann Rheum Dis 1995; 54:321-4. [PMID: 7763114 PMCID: PMC1005583 DOI: 10.1136/ard.54.4.321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the potential influence of the HLA-linked LMP2 gene on disease susceptibility in HLA-B27 individuals with ankylosing spondylitis (AS). METHODS A polymorphic CfoI restriction enzyme site in the coding region of the LMP2 gene was evaluated in genomic DNA samples from 193 white and 49 Chinese B27 individuals with well documented AS, 97 of whom had had acute anterior uveitis (AAU) and 97 peripheral arthritis; 42 samples from normal, white, B27 positive blood donors in whom AS was excluded were also evaluated. RESULTS Analysis of B27 white AS individuals with AAU, peripheral arthritis, or both, revealed significant differences in genotypic distribution of this bi-allelic locus compared with B27 AS patients without extraspinal manifestations (p < 0.005) or B27 controls (p < 0.01). Furthermore, homozygosity for one LMP2 gene allele was significantly more prevalent in AS patients with AAU (71.3%) (p < 0.01) or peripheral arthritis (68.3%) (p < 0.02) than in B27 controls (45.2%). A similar genotypic distribution was noted in B27 Chinese AS individuals with extraspinal manifestations compared with those with axial disease alone. CONCLUSIONS These findings support the involvement of the HLA linked LMP2 gene in the expression of disease in B27 individuals and represent a novel finding in rheumatic disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- W P Maksymowych
- Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
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Maksymowych WP, Chou CT, Russell AS. Matching prevalence of peripheral arthritis and acute anterior uveitis in individuals with ankylosing spondylitis. Ann Rheum Dis 1995; 54:128-30. [PMID: 7702400 PMCID: PMC1005535 DOI: 10.1136/ard.54.2.128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To study the association between the occurrence of peripheral arthritis and of acute anterior uveitis during the course of ankylosing spondylitis (AS). METHODS Retrospective clinical follow up by both chart review and direct patient interview was performed on 271 individuals comprised of 222 local white and 49 Taiwanese individuals with AS. RESULTS Of 89 white patients with acute anterior uveitis, 36 (40.4%) also had peripheral arthritis, compared with only 33 (24.8%) having peripheral arthritis among the 133 who did not have acute anterior uveitis (p < 0.02). Thirty seven (78.7%) of 49 Taiwanese individuals with AS had peripheral arthritis and these included all 10 patients with acute anterior uveitis from the entire disease cohort (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS This cross-sectional survey of AS patients supports the view that patients who develop peripheral arthritis are also more likely to develop acute anterior uveitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- W P Maksymowych
- Division of Rheumatology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
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Chou CT, Kuo SC. The anti-inflammatory and anti-hyperuricemic effects of Chinese herbal formula danggui-nian-tong-tang on acute gouty arthritis: a comparative study with indomethacin and allopurinol. Am J Chin Med 1995; 23:261-71. [PMID: 8571922 DOI: 10.1142/s0192415x95000316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
The traditional Chinese antirheumatic herb Danggui-Nian-Tong-Tang (DGNTT) was studied comparatively with indomethacin and allopurinol to evaluate its anti-inflammatory and antihyperuricemic effects in patients with gout. Results in this study did not show any significant improvement in reducing the total number of painful and swollen joints, articular index and pain score (P > 0.05) by treatment with DGNTT. Unlike allopurinol, DGNTT did not lower the high serum level of uric acid. In vitro study in rats showed that DGNTT significantly inhibits the activity of beta-glucuronidase (P < 0.05) and lysozyme release (P < 0.01) from neutrophils. In conclusion, despite the effect of inhibition on enzyme release from neutrophils, DGNTT is not effective in treating acute arthritis or hyperuricemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- C T Chou
- Rheumatology-Immunology Division, China Medical, College Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
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