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Saxler FM, Dorrough AR, Froehlich L, Block K, Croft A, Meeussen L, Olsson MIT, Schmader T, Schuster C, van Grootel S, Van Laar C, Atkinson C, Benson-Greenwald T, Birneanu A, Cavojova V, Cheryan S, Lee Kai Chung A, Danyliuk I, Dar-Nimrod I, de Lemus S, Diekman A, Eisner L, Estevan-Reina L, Fedáková D, Gavreliuc A, Gavreliuc D, Germano AL, Hässler T, Henningsen L, Ishii K, Kundtová Klocová E, Kozytska I, Kulich C, Lapytskaia Aidy C, López López W, Morandini J, Ramis T, Scheifele C, Steele J, Steffens MC, Velásquez Díaz LM, Venegas M, Martiny SE. Did Descriptive and Prescriptive Norms About Gender Equality at Home Change During the COVID-19 Pandemic? A Cross-National Investigation. Pers Soc Psychol Bull 2024:1461672231219719. [PMID: 38284645 DOI: 10.1177/01461672231219719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2024]
Abstract
Using data from 15 countries, this article investigates whether descriptive and prescriptive gender norms concerning housework and child care (domestic work) changed after the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic. Results of a total of 8,343 participants (M = 19.95, SD = 1.68) from two comparable student samples suggest that descriptive norms about unpaid domestic work have been affected by the pandemic, with individuals seeing mothers' relative to fathers' share of housework and child care as even larger. Moderation analyses revealed that the effect of the pandemic on descriptive norms about child care decreased with countries' increasing levels of gender equality; countries with stronger gender inequality showed a larger difference between pre- and post-pandemic. This study documents a shift in descriptive norms and discusses implications for gender equality-emphasizing the importance of addressing the additional challenges that mothers face during health-related crises.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Toni Schmader
- The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Ivan Danyliuk
- Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Ukraine
| | | | | | - Amanda Diekman
- Miami University, Oxford, OH, USA
- Indiana University, Bloomington, IN
| | | | | | - Denisa Fedáková
- Centre of Social and Psychological Sciences SAS, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Inna Kozytska
- Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Ukraine
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Carolin Scheifele
- University of Leuven, Belgium
- Research Foundation Flanders, Brussels, Belgium
- University of Kaiserslautern-Landau, Landau, Germany
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2
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Moreno-Bella E, Kulich C, Willis GB, Moya M. Wage (in)equality matters: the effect of organizational economic inequality on others' and self-ascriptions. J Soc Psychol 2023:1-19. [PMID: 37094182 DOI: 10.1080/00224545.2023.2192398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/26/2023]
Abstract
Economic inequality has consequences at the social-psychological level, such as in the way people make inferences about their environment and other people. In the present two preregistered studies, we used a paradigm of an organizational setting to manipulate economic inequality and measured ascriptions of agentic versus communal traits to employees and the self. In Study 1 (N = 187), participants attributed more agency than communion to a middle-status employee, and more communion than agency when economic equality was salient. In Study 2 (N = 198) this finding was replicated. Further, this inequality-agency association was explained by perceptions of competitive employee relationships. Results, moreover, suggested that participants mainly attributed more communion than agency to themselves in the equality condition. We conclude that agency and communion ascriptions may be functional and thus inform about the expectations people have on the nature of social relationships in the face of economic inequality.
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3
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Kosakowska-Berezecka N, Bosson JK, Jurek P, Besta T, Olech M, Vandello JA, Bender M, Dandy J, Hoorens V, Jasinskaja-Lahti I, Mankowski E, Venäläinen S, Abuhamdeh S, Agyemang CB, Akbaş G, Albayrak-Aydemir N, Ammirati S, Anderson J, Anjum G, Ariyanto A, Aruta JJBR, Ashraf M, Bakaitytė A, Becker M, Bertolli C, Bërxulli D, Best DL, Bi C, Block K, Boehnke M, Bongiorno R, Bosak J, Casini A, Chen Q, Chi P, Cubela Adoric V, Daalmans S, de Lemus S, Dhakal S, Dvorianchikov N, Egami S, Etchezahar E, Esteves CS, Froehlich L, Garcia-Sanchez E, Gavreliuc A, Gavreliuc D, Gomez Á, Guizzo F, Graf S, Greijdanus H, Grigoryan A, Grzymała-Moszczyńska J, Guerch K, Gustafsson Sendén M, Hale ML, Hämer H, Hirai M, Hoang Duc L, Hřebíčková M, Hutchings PB, Jensen DH, Karabati S, Kelmendi K, Kengyel G, Khachatryan N, Ghazzawi R, Kinahan M, Kirby TA, Kovacs M, Kozlowski D, Krivoshchekov V, Kryś K, Kulich C, Kurosawa T, Lac An NT, Labarthe-Carrara J, Lauri MA, Latu I, Lawal AM, Li J, Lindner J, Lindqvist A, Maitner AT, Makarova E, Makashvili A, Malayeri S, Malik S, Mancini T, Manzi C, Mari S, Martiny SE, Mayer CH, Mihić V, MiloševićĐorđević J, Moreno-Bella E, Moscatelli S, Moynihan AB, Muller D, Narhetali E, Neto F, Noels KA, Nyúl B, O’Connor EC, Ochoa DP, Ohno S, Olanrewaju Adebayo S, Osborne R, Pacilli MG, Palacio J, Patnaik S, Pavlopoulos V, de León PP, Piterová I, Porto JB, Puzio A, Pyrkosz-Pacyna J, Rentería Pérez E, Renström E, Rousseaux T, Ryan MK, Safdar S, Sainz M, Salvati M, Samekin A, Schindler S, Sevincer AT, Seydi M, Shepherd D, Sherbaji S, Schmader T, Simão C, Sobhie R, Sobiecki J, De Souza L, Sarter E, Sulejmanović D, Sullivan KE, Tatsumi M, Tavitian-Elmadjian L, Thakur SJ, Thi Mong Chi Q, Torre B, Torres A, Torres CV, Türkoğlu B, Ungaretti J, Valshtein T, Van Laar C, van der Noll J, Vasiutynskyi V, Vauclair CM, Vohra N, Walentynowicz M, Ward C, Włodarczyk A, Yang Y, Yzerbyt V, Zanello V, Zapata-Calvente AL, Zawisza M, Žukauskienė R, Żadkowska M. Gendered Self-Views Across 62 Countries: A Test of Competing Models. Social Psychological and Personality Science 2022. [DOI: 10.1177/19485506221129687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Social role theory posits that binary gender gaps in agency and communion should be larger in less egalitarian countries, reflecting these countries’ more pronounced sex-based power divisions. Conversely, evolutionary and self-construal theorists suggest that gender gaps in agency and communion should be larger in more egalitarian countries, reflecting the greater autonomy support and flexible self-construction processes present in these countries. Using data from 62 countries ( N = 28,640), we examine binary gender gaps in agentic and communal self-views as a function of country-level objective gender equality (the Global Gender Gap Index) and subjective distributions of social power (the Power Distance Index). Findings show that in more egalitarian countries, gender gaps in agency are smaller and gender gaps in communality are larger. These patterns are driven primarily by cross-country differences in men’s self-views and by the Power Distance Index (PDI) more robustly than the Global Gender Gap Index (GGGI). We consider possible causes and implications of these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Justine Dandy
- Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Western Australia, Australia
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Nihan Albayrak-Aydemir
- London School of Economics and Political Science, UK
- The Open University, Milton Keynes, UK
| | | | - Joel Anderson
- Australian Catholic University, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
- La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Annalisa Casini
- Université Catholique de Louvain, Ottignies-Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Carla Sofia Esteves
- Universidade Católica Portuguesa, Católica Lisbon School of Business and Economics, Portugal
| | | | | | | | | | - Ángel Gomez
- Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Sylvie Graf
- Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | | | | | | | - Keltouma Guerch
- Mohamed I University, Oujda, Morocco
- Centre Régional des Mètiers de l’Education et de la Formation de l’Oriental, Oujda, Morocco
| | | | | | | | | | - Lam Hoang Duc
- Vietnam National University Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Kuba Kryś
- Institute of Psychology of the Polish Academy of Sciences, Poland
| | | | | | - Nhan Thi Lac An
- University of Social Sciences and Humanities, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | | | | | | | | | - Junyi Li
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, China
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Jorge Palacio
- Universidad del Norte, Colombia, Barranquilla, Colombia
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Michelle K. Ryan
- University of Groningen, The Netherlands
- The Australian National University, Australia
| | | | - Mario Sainz
- Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | | | - Adil Samekin
- School of Liberal Arts, M. Narikbayev KAZGUU University, Astana, Kazakhstan
| | | | | | | | | | - Sara Sherbaji
- American University of Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
- University College London, UK
| | - Toni Schmader
- The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Cláudia Simão
- Católica Lisbon School of Business & Economics, Portugal
| | | | | | | | - Emma Sarter
- South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Beatriz Torre
- University of the Philippines Diliman, Quezon City, Philippines
| | - Ana Torres
- Federal University of Paraíba, João Pessoa, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Vincent Yzerbyt
- Université Catholique de Louvain, Ottignies-Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
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Moreno-Bella E, Kulich C, Willis GB, Moya M. What about diversity? The effect of organizational economic inequality on the perceived presence of women and ethnic minority groups. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0271356. [PMID: 35976867 PMCID: PMC9384987 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0271356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Economic inequality shapes the degree to which people and different social groups are perceived in stereotypical ways. Our research sought to investigate the impact of the perception of economic inequality in an organizational setting on expectations of social diversity in the organization’s workforce, across the dimensions of gender and ethnicity. Combining data from previous experiments, we first explored in one set of studies (Studies 1a and 1b; N = 378) whether the degree of economic inequality in a fictitious organization affected participants’ expectations of the representation of minority vs. majority group employees. We found that when we presented an organization with unequal (vs. equal) distribution of economic wealth amongst its employees to study participants, they expected the presence of men and White majority individuals to be larger than the presence of women and ethnic minorities. Second, we tested our hypotheses and replicated these initial effects in a pre-registered study (Study 2: N = 449). Moreover, we explored the potential mediating role of perceived diversity climate, that is, the perception that the organization promotes and deals well with demographic diversity. Findings revealed that an organizational setting that distributed resources unequally (vs. equally) was associated with a more adverse diversity climate, which, in turn, correlated with expectations of a lower presence of minority group employees in the organization. We concluded that economic inequality creates a context that modulates perceptions of a climate of social exclusion which likely affects the possibilities for members of disadvantaged groups to participate and develop in organizations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Moreno-Bella
- Department of Psychology, University of Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain
- Mind, Brain and Behaviour Research Centre (CIMCYC), University of Granada, Granada, Spain
- * E-mail:
| | - Clara Kulich
- Department of Psychology, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Guillermo B. Willis
- Mind, Brain and Behaviour Research Centre (CIMCYC), University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Miguel Moya
- Mind, Brain and Behaviour Research Centre (CIMCYC), University of Granada, Granada, Spain
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5
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Takizawa R, Robinson S, Aelenei C, Iacoviello V, Kulich C. A five-nation study of the impact of political leaning and perception of crisis severity on the preference for female and minority leaders during the COVID-19 pandemic. Curr Res Ecol Soc Psychol 2022; 3:100055. [PMID: 35847992 PMCID: PMC9270965 DOI: 10.1016/j.cresp.2022.100055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Revised: 05/16/2022] [Accepted: 07/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Research on underrepresented groups in leadership has shown that women and ethnic minorities are preferred as leaders during a crisis. In the present study, we investigated factors that shape voter preferences for minority political leaders in the COVID-19 crisis. We examined participant perceptions of the severity of the COVID-19 crisis in health, social, and economic domains and self-reported political leaning, and their impact on preference for a female (vs male) or minority political leader. We collected survey data in autumn 2020 using online platforms in France, Japan, the United Kingdom, the United States, and a snowball sample in Germany (total N = 1,259). Results showed that female leaders were generally more preferred by politically left- than right-leaning participants independent of severity perceptions of the social or economic crisis. In addition, we found that preference for female leaders amongst right-leaning participants increased when their current regional leader's actions were judged insufficient to manage the health crisis, an effect primarily driven by participants in Germany and the United Kingdom. Left-leaning political orientation also predicted the preference for minority leaders across countries. Moreover, a more severe perception of the social aspects of the crisis increased minority preference, as expected, but mostly in Germany and the United States. We discuss cross-country variation of our results. Overall, our findings affirm and expand prior research showing the importance of political leaning and changing leadership demands in a crisis and their impact on the preference for minority leaders.
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6
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Blondé J, Easterbrook MJ, Kulich C, Chipeaux M, Lorenzi‐Cioldi F. Social disparities in health behaviours: The role of
class‐related
behavioural norms and social class identification. J Community Appl Soc Psychol 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/casp.2574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jérôme Blondé
- Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences University of Geneva Geneva Switzerland
| | | | - Clara Kulich
- Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences University of Geneva Geneva Switzerland
| | - Marion Chipeaux
- Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences University of Geneva Geneva Switzerland
| | - Fabio Lorenzi‐Cioldi
- Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences University of Geneva Geneva Switzerland
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7
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Robinson SL, Kulich C, Aelenei C, Iacoviello V. Political Ideology Modifies the Effect of Glass Cliff Candidacies on Election Outcomes for Women in American State Legislative Races (2011-2016). Psychol Women Q 2021; 45:155-177. [PMID: 34040281 PMCID: PMC8114328 DOI: 10.1177/0361684321992046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Research on glass cliff political candidacies shows that compared to men, women are more likely to run for office in districts where they are likely to lose. We examined if party differences in whether female candidates face these worse conditions in the United States could account for persistent and growing party and state variation in women's representation. Using election data from 2011 to 2016, we compared Republican versus Democratic candidacies at the state legislative level. We found that women in both parties faced glass cliffs in House races, but not in the Senate. For Republican women, glass cliff conditions accounted for worse election outcomes, but Democratic women were more likely to win when these conditions were considered. Variation in party by state measures of glass cliff effects were also found to explain state variation in women's office holding. We found that for Democrats, more women win when more women run, but for Republicans, more women win only when the seats they face are more winnable. These results point to the role of polarized traditional versus progressive political ideologies in structuring the motives which underlie glass cliff conditions for women in politics, suggesting that practical solutions be tailored to party. To overcome the growing gap in women's representation, current efforts to increase the quantity of women running would be complemented by a focus on improving the quality of contests they face, with Republican women most likely to benefit. Further research attending to the multiple sources of variation which impact gendered election outcomes can inform more targeted solutions for advancing equality. Online slides for instructors who want to use this article for teaching are available on PWQ's website at http://journals.sagepub.com/doi/suppl/10.1177/0361684321992046.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah L. Robinson
- Department of Psychology and Education Sciences, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Clara Kulich
- Department of Psychology and Education Sciences, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | | | - Vincenzo Iacoviello
- Department of Psychology and Education Sciences, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
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8
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Bosson JK, Jurek P, Vandello JA, Kosakowska-Berezecka N, Olech M, Besta T, Bender M, Hoorens V, Becker M, Timur Sevincer A, Best DL, Safdar S, Włodarczyk A, Zawisza M, Żadkowska M, Abuhamdeh S, Badu Agyemang C, Akbaş G, Albayrak-Aydemir N, Ammirati S, Anderson J, Anjum G, Ariyanto A, Jamir Benzon R. Aruta J, Ashraf M, Bakaitytė A, Bertolli C, Bërxulli D, Bi C, Block K, Boehnke M, Bongiorno R, Bosak J, Casini A, Chen Q, Chi P, Cubela Adoric V, Daalmans S, Dandy J, Lemus SD, Dhakal S, Dvorianchikov N, Egami S, Etchezahar E, Sofia Esteves C, Felix N, Froehlich L, Garcia-Sanchez E, Gavreliuc A, Gavreliuc D, Gomez Á, Guizzo F, Graf S, Greijdanus H, Grigoryan A, Grzymała-Moszczyńska J, Guerch K, Gustafsson Sendén M, Hale ML, Hämer H, Hirai M, Hoang Duc L, Hřebíčková M, Hutchings PB, Høj Jensen D, Jasinskaja-Lahti I, Karabati S, Kelmendi K, Kengyel G, Khachatryan N, Ghazzawi R, Kinahan M, Kirby TA, Kovács M, Kozlowski D, Krivoshchekov V, Kulich C, Kurosawa T, Thi Lac An N, Labarthe J, Latu I, Anne Lauri M, Mankowski E, Musbau Lawal A, Li J, Lindner J, Lindqvist A, Maitner AT, Makarova E, Makashvili A, Malayeri S, Malik S, Mancini T, Manzi C, Mari S, Martiny SE, Mayer CH, Mihić V, Milošević Đorđević J, Moreno-Bella E, Moscatelli S, Bryan Moynihan A, Muller D, Narhetali E, Neto F, Noels KA, Nyúl B, O’Connor EC, Ochoa DP, Ohno S, Olanrewaju Adebayo S, Osborne R, Giuseppina Pacilli M, Palacio J, Patnaik S, Pavlopoulos V, Pérez de León P, Piterová I, Barreiros Porto J, Puzio A, Pyrkosz-Pacyna J, Rentería Pérez E, Renström E, Rousseaux T, Ryan MK, Sainz M, Salvati M, Samekin A, Schindler S, Seydi M, Shepherd D, Sherbaji S, Schmader T, Simão C, Sobhie R, Souza LD, Sarter E, Sulejmanović D, Sullivan KE, Tatsumi M, Tavitian-Elmadjian L, Jain Thakur S, Thi Mong Chi Q, Torre B, Torres A, Torres CV, Türkoğlu B, Ungaretti J, Valshtein T, Van Laar C, van der Noll J, Vasiutynskyi V, Vauclair CM, Venäläinen S, Vohra N, Walentynowicz M, Ward C, Yang Y, Yzerbyt V, Zanello V, Ludmila Zapata-Calvente A, Žukauskienė R. Psychometric Properties and Correlates of Precarious Manhood Beliefs in 62 Nations. Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology 2021. [DOI: 10.1177/0022022121997997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Precarious manhood beliefs portray manhood, relative to womanhood, as a social status that is hard to earn, easy to lose, and proven via public action. Here, we present cross-cultural data on a brief measure of precarious manhood beliefs (the Precarious Manhood Beliefs scale [PMB]) that covaries meaningfully with other cross-culturally validated gender ideologies and with country-level indices of gender equality and human development. Using data from university samples in 62 countries across 13 world regions ( N = 33,417), we demonstrate: (1) the psychometric isomorphism of the PMB (i.e., its comparability in meaning and statistical properties across the individual and country levels); (2) the PMB’s distinctness from, and associations with, ambivalent sexism and ambivalence toward men; and (3) associations of the PMB with nation-level gender equality and human development. Findings are discussed in terms of their statistical and theoretical implications for understanding widely-held beliefs about the precariousness of the male gender role.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Michael Bender
- Tilburg University, Noord-Brabant, Netherlands
- Gratia Christian College, Hong Kong
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Joel Anderson
- Australian Catholic University, Australia
- La Trobe University, Australia
| | - Gulnaz Anjum
- Institute of Business Administration Karachi, Pakistan
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Neto Felix
- Faculdade de Psicologia e de Ciências da Educação, Universidade do Porto, Portugal
| | | | | | | | | | - Ángel Gomez
- Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia, Spain
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Keltouma Guerch
- CRMEF (Centre Régional des métiers de l’Education et de la Formation) Oujda, Morocco
| | | | | | | | | | - Lam Hoang Duc
- Vietnam National University Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Ioana Latu
- Queen’s University Belfast, Northern Ireland, UK
| | | | | | | | - Junyi Li
- Sichuan Normal University, China
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Adil Samekin
- International Islamic Academy of Uzbekistan, Uzbekistan
| | | | | | | | - Sara Sherbaji
- American University of Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | | | - Cláudia Simão
- Católica Lisbon School of Business & Economics, Portugal
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9
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Kulich C, de Lemus S, Kosakowska-Berezecka N, Lorenzi-Cioldi F. Editorial: Multiple Identities Management: Effects on (of) Identification, Attitudes, Behavior and Well-Being. Front Psychol 2018; 8:2258. [PMID: 29312094 PMCID: PMC5744168 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2017.02258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2017] [Accepted: 12/12/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Clara Kulich
- Social Psychology, Section of Psychology, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Soledad de Lemus
- Department of Psychology, Centro de Investigación Mente, Cerebro y Comportamiento, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Natasza Kosakowska-Berezecka
- Division of Cross-Cultural Psychology and Psychology of Gender, Institute of Psychology, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Fabio Lorenzi-Cioldi
- Social Psychology, Section of Psychology, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
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10
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Bosak J, Kulich C, Rudman L, Kinahan M. Be an advocate for others, unless you are a man: Backlash against gender-atypical male job candidates. Psychology of Men & Masculinity 2018. [DOI: 10.1037/men0000085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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11
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Chipeaux M, Kulich C, Iacoviello V, Lorenzi-Cioldi F. "I Want, Therefore I Am" - Anticipated Upward Mobility Reduces Ingroup Concern. Front Psychol 2017; 8:1451. [PMID: 28894431 PMCID: PMC5581401 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2017.01451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2016] [Accepted: 08/10/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Empirical findings suggest that members of socially disadvantaged groups who join a better-valued group through individual achievement tend to express low concern for their disadvantaged ingroup (e.g., denial of collective discrimination, low intent to initiate collective action). In the present research, we investigated whether this tendency occurs solely for individuals who have already engaged in social mobility, or also for individuals who psychologically prepare themselves, that is ‘anticipate’, social mobility. Moreover, we examined the role of group identification in this process. In two studies, we looked at the case of ‘frontier workers’, that is people who cross a national border every day to work in another country where the salaries are higher thereby achieving a better socio-economic status than in their home-country. Study 1 (N = 176) examined attitudes of French nationals (both the socially mobile and the non-mobile) and of Swiss nationals toward the non-mobile group. As expected, results showed that the mobile French had more negative attitudes than their non-mobile counterparts, but less negative attitudes than the Swiss. In Study 2 (N = 216), we examined ingroup concern at different stages of the social mobility process by comparing the attitudes of French people who worked in Switzerland (mobile individuals), with those who envisioned (anticipators), or not (non-anticipators), to work in Switzerland. The findings revealed that anticipators’ motivation to get personally involved in collective action for their French ingroup was lower than the non-anticipators’, but higher than the mobile individuals’. Moreover, we found that the decrease in ingroup concern across the different stages of social mobility was accounted for by a lower identification with the inherited ingroup. These findings corroborate the deleterious impact of social mobility on attitudes toward a low-status ingroup, and show that the decrease in ingroup concern already occurs among individuals who anticipate moving up the hierarchy. The discussion focuses on the role of the discounting of inherited identities in both the anticipation and the achievement of a higher-status identity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marion Chipeaux
- Social Psychology, Section of Psychology, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, University of GenevaGeneva, Switzerland
| | - Clara Kulich
- Social Psychology, Section of Psychology, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, University of GenevaGeneva, Switzerland
| | - Vincenzo Iacoviello
- Social Psychology, Psychology, Faculty of Behavioural and Social Sciences, University of GroningenGroningen, Netherlands
| | - Fabio Lorenzi-Cioldi
- Social Psychology, Section of Psychology, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, University of GenevaGeneva, Switzerland
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Paustian-Underdahl SC, King EB, Rogelberg SG, Kulich C, Gentry WA. Perceptions of supervisor support: Resolving paradoxical patterns across gender and race. J Occup Organ Psychol 2017. [DOI: 10.1111/joop.12179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Eden B. King
- Department of Psychology; George Mason University; Fairfax Virginia USA
| | | | - Clara Kulich
- Social Psychology; University of Geneva; Switzerland
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Kulich C, Lorenzi-Cioldi F, Iacoviello V, Faniko K, Ryan MK. Signaling change during a crisis: Refining conditions for the glass cliff. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jesp.2015.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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14
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Mabey C, Kulich C, Lorenzi-Cioldi F. Knowledge leadership in global scientific research. The International Journal of Human Resource Management 2012. [DOI: 10.1080/09585192.2012.668386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Abstract
Recent archival and experimental research has revealed that women are more likely than men to be appointed to leadership positions when an organization is in crisis. As a result, women often confront a “glass cliff” in which their position as leader is precarious. Our first archival study examined the 2005 UK general election and found that, in the Conservative party, women contested harder to win seats than did men. Our second study experimentally investigated the selection of a candidate by 80 undergraduates in a British political science class to contest a by-election in a seat that was either safe (held by own party with a large margin) or risky (held by an opposition party with a large margin). Results indicated that a male candidate was more likely than a woman to be selected to contest a safe seat, but there was a strong preference for a female rather than a male appointment when the seat was described as hard to win. Implications for women's participation in politics are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle K. Ryan
- School of Psychology, University of Exeter; Clara Kulich, School of Business, University of Exeter
| | - S. Alexander Haslam
- School of Psychology, University of Exeter; Clara Kulich, School of Business, University of Exeter
| | - Clara Kulich
- School of Psychology, University of Exeter; Clara Kulich, School of Business, University of Exeter
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Ryan MK, Haslam SA, Hersby MD, Kulich C, Atkins C. Opting out or Pushed off the Edge? The Glass Cliff and the Precariousness of Women's Leadership Positions. Social and Personality Psychology Compass 2007. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1751-9004.2007.00007.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Kulich C, Ryan MK, Haslam SA. Where is the Romance for Women Leaders? The Effects of Gender on Leadership Attributions and Performance-Based Pay. Applied Psychology 2007. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1464-0597.2007.00305.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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