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Höhn A, Lomax N, Rice H, Angus C, Brennan A, Brown D, Cunningham A, Elsenbroich C, Hughes C, Katikireddi SV, McCartney G, Seaman R, Tsuchia A, Meier P. Estimating quality-adjusted life expectancy (QALE) for local authorities in Great Britain and its association with indicators of the inclusive economy: a cross-sectional study. BMJ Open 2024; 14:e076704. [PMID: 38431294 PMCID: PMC10910677 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2023-076704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Quantifying area-level inequalities in population health can help to inform policy responses. We describe an approach for estimating quality-adjusted life expectancy (QALE), a comprehensive health expectancy measure, for local authorities (LAs) in Great Britain (GB). To identify potential factors accounting for LA-level QALE inequalities, we examined the association between inclusive economy indicators and QALE. SETTING 361/363 LAs in GB (lower tier/district level) within the period 2018-2020. DATA AND METHODS We estimated life tables for LAs using official statistics and utility scores from an area-level linkage of the Understanding Society survey. Using the Sullivan method, we estimated QALE at birth in years with corresponding 80% CIs. To examine the association between inclusive economy indicators and QALE, we used an open access data set operationalising the inclusive economy, created by the System Science in Public Health and Health Economics Research consortium. RESULTS Population-weighted QALE estimates across LAs in GB were lowest in Scotland (females/males: 65.1 years/64.9 years) and Wales (65.0 years/65.2 years), while they were highest in England (67.5 years/67.6 years). The range across LAs for females was from 56.3 years (80% CI 45.6 to 67.1) in Mansfield to 77.7 years (80% CI 65.11 to 90.2) in Runnymede. QALE for males ranged from 57.5 years (80% CI 40.2 to 74.7) in Merthyr Tydfil to 77.2 years (80% CI 65.4 to 89.1) in Runnymede. Indicators of the inclusive economy accounted for more than half of the variation in QALE at the LA level (adjusted R2 females/males: 50%/57%). Although more inclusivity was generally associated with higher levels of QALE at the LA level, this association was not consistent across all 13 inclusive economy indicators. CONCLUSIONS QALE can be estimated for LAs in GB, enabling further research into area-level health inequalities. The associations we identified between inclusive economy indicators and QALE highlight potential policy priorities for improving population health and reducing health inequalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Höhn
- MRC/CSO Social and Public Health Sciences Unit, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Nik Lomax
- School of Geography, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Hugh Rice
- School of Geography, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Colin Angus
- School of Medicine and Population Health, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Alan Brennan
- School of Medicine and Population Health, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Denise Brown
- MRC/CSO Social and Public Health Sciences Unit, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Anne Cunningham
- School of Medicine and Population Health, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Corinna Elsenbroich
- MRC/CSO Social and Public Health Sciences Unit, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Ceri Hughes
- Manchester Institute of Education, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | | | - Gerry McCartney
- School of Social and Political Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Rosie Seaman
- MRC/CSO Social and Public Health Sciences Unit, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Aki Tsuchia
- School of Medicine and Population Health, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Petra Meier
- MRC/CSO Social and Public Health Sciences Unit, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
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Bradford DRR, Swift A, Allik M, McMahon AD, Brown D. Physical health of care-experienced young children in high-income countries: a scoping review. Lancet 2023; 402 Suppl 1:S28. [PMID: 37997068 DOI: 10.1016/s0140-6736(23)02115-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Revised: 08/15/2023] [Accepted: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Good health in the early years lays the foundation for lifelong health. Children with experience of extraparental care (eg, foster, kinship, residential) have poorer outcomes than children without such experience. Common health conditions in high-income countries differ from those in low-income and middle-income countries. Health conditions also vary substantially with age. The literature examining physical health conditions affecting young care-experienced children in high-income countries has not been previously reviewed. This review addresses this gap to better understand the health needs of these children. METHODS In this scoping review, we used a broad range of search terms in MEDLINE, CINAHL, and Web of Science Core Collection databases to identify studies of (1) care-experienced children, (2) physical health outcomes, and (3) children aged 6 years or younger. Intersecting search results were retained for screening. Results were restricted to peer-reviewed journal articles indexed before Sept 1, 2022, with titles in English. Grey literature was excluded. No restriction was placed on study design. Results were narratively synthesised and categorised by health condition. FINDINGS Searches yielded 15 639 results, and 33 articles were ultimately included, covering 11 countries. Studies were concentrated in the USA (n=18, 55%) and Europe (including UK; n=10, 30%). Most studies investigated a specific health outcome or set of outcomes (n=23, 70%) with many of the remaining studies carrying out broader health reviews (n=8, 24%). Height and weight were the most frequently reported outcomes (n=10, 30%) followed by vision (n=7, 21%) and dental health (n=7, 21%). Nine studies (27%) compared outcomes in care-experienced children with outcomes in non-care-experienced controls. Synthesis of results identified poor physical development, poor dental health, low rates of immunisation, dermatological conditions, and anaemia to be substantial health problems among young children with care experience. INTERPRETATION Poor physical development and anaemia suggest efforts are required to improve care-experienced children's diet. Dermatological conditions and poor dental health can be managed by additional health-care support to care-experienced children and caregivers. A strength of this work is the standardised methodology. This work is limited by the exclusion of grey literature and restriction to high-income countries. FUNDING Medical Research Council, Economic and Social Research Council, and Chief Scientist Office (Scotland).
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel R R Bradford
- Medical Research Council/Chief Scientist's Office (MRC/CSO) Social and Public Health Sciences Unit, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK.
| | - Adam Swift
- The Open University in Scotland, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Mirjam Allik
- Medical Research Council/Chief Scientist's Office (MRC/CSO) Social and Public Health Sciences Unit, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Alex D McMahon
- School of Medicine, Dentistry and Nursing, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Denise Brown
- Medical Research Council/Chief Scientist's Office (MRC/CSO) Social and Public Health Sciences Unit, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
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Salunkhe RR, O'Sullivan B, Huang SH, Su J, Xu W, Hosni A, Waldron J, Irish J, de Almeida J, Witterick I, Montero E, Gilbert RW, Razak AA, Zhang L, Brown D, Goldstein D, Gullane P, Tong L, Hahn E. Dawn of Staging for Head and Neck Soft Tissue Sarcoma: Validation of the Novel 8 th Edition AJCC T Classification and Proposed Stage Groupings. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2023; 117:S149. [PMID: 37784378 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2023.06.567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE/OBJECTIVE(S) After decades of stagnation, the 8th edition TNM (TNM8) introduced a new T classification for head and neck (HN) soft tissue sarcomas (STS). New size cutoffs of 2 and 4 cm define T1-3, and a novel T4 category is defined by local invasion of adjoining structures. These size cutoffs had been chosen arbitrarily to advance data collection in this unique disease site since literature showed approximately 70% of HN STS did not reach the previous size threshold (5 cm) for the existing T1 category. The definition of the TNM8 T categories also align with mucosal HN cancers. No stage grouping for HN STS was defined since this new classification required more data collection to derive stage groups. This study aims to validate the TNM8 T classification and to propose stage groupings. MATERIALS/METHODS Clinical data of all adult (>16 years) HN STS patients treated from 1988 - 2019 with curative intent in our tertiary cancer center were retrieved from a prospective database, and supplemented with chart review. As per TNM8, cutaneous angiosarcoma, embryonal and alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma, Kaposi sarcoma, and dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans were excluded due to their different behavior. Multivariate analysis (MVA) identified prognostic factors for overall survival (OS). Adjusted hazard ratios (AHR) and recursive partitioning analysis (RPA) were used to derive stage groupings. Stage grouping performance for OS was assessed and also compared against the existing TNM8 groups for non-HN STS. RESULTS A total of 221 patients (N1: 2; M1: 2) were included. Of the 219 M0 patients, 63% were males; median tumor size was 3.0 cm (range: 0.3-14.0); the proportion of TNM8 T1-T4 were 35%, 34%, 26%, and 5%, respectively. Median follow up was 5.9 years. Five-year OS was 79%. MVA confirmed the prognostic value of T category (T4 HR 7.73, 95% CI 3.62-16.5) and grade (G2/3 vs G1 HR 3.7, 95% CI 1.82-7.53), in addition to age (HR 1.03, 95% CI 1.01-1.04) (all p<0.001) for OS. AHR model derived T1-3_Grade 1 as stage 1; T1-3_Grade 2/3 as stage II; and T4_any Grade or any T_N1 as stage III (Table 1); the corresponding 5-year OS was 93%, 73%, and 38%, respectively. Both patients with M1 died within 1.5 years after diagnosis and M1 disease was designated stage IV. The AHR-grouping outperformed the RPA and non-HN TNM8 stage grouping for hazard consistency, hazard discrimination, percent variance explained, hazard difference, and sample size balance. CONCLUSION The novel T4 category introduced in TNM8 is associated with a >7 fold increased risk of death. Grade continues to be a critical prognostic factor in HN STS. The TNM8 HN STS T classifications have been validated, and the proposed new stage groupings with TNM8 incorporating grade have excellent performance for OS.
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Affiliation(s)
- R R Salunkhe
- Radiation Medicine Program, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - B O'Sullivan
- Radiation Medicine Program, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - S H Huang
- Radiation Medicine Program, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - J Su
- Department of Biostatistics, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - W Xu
- Department of Biostatistics, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - A Hosni
- Radiation Medicine Program, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - J Waldron
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - J Irish
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - J de Almeida
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - I Witterick
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - E Montero
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - R W Gilbert
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - A A Razak
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - L Zhang
- Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - D Brown
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - D Goldstein
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - P Gullane
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - L Tong
- Department of Statistical Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - E Hahn
- Radiation Medicine Program, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
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Saha S, Huang SH, O'Sullivan B, Su J, Xu W, Hosni A, Waldron J, Irish J, de Almeida J, Witterick I, Monteiro E, Gilbert RW, Catton CN, Chung P, Brown D, Goldstein D, Razak AA, Gullane P, Hahn E. Outcomes of Head and Neck Cutaneous Angiosarcoma Treated in the IMRT Era. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2023; 117:e620-e621. [PMID: 37785859 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2023.06.2004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE/OBJECTIVE(S) Clinical behavior, natural history, and varied presentations of cutaneous angiosarcomas of the head and neck region (HN), in conjunction with its rarity, have rendered standardization of treatment elusive. We aimed to assess outcomes and patterns of failure for patients treated with surgery and radiation (Sx+RT), and radiation alone (RT). MATERIALS/METHODS A retrospective review of all HN angiosarcoma patients amenable for upfront Sx or RT in our institution between 2004-2018 was completed. Generally, treatment included Sx when feasible, and RT for large or extensive/ill-defined tumors. Demographic, tumor characteristics, local (LC), regional (RC), distant control (DC), and overall survival (OS), as well as patterns (in-field, marginal, out-of-field) of local failure at 5-year were estimated. Univariate analysis (UVA) was conducted to assess association with outcomes. RESULTS A total of 33 patients were eligible (14 Sx+RT and 19 RT). Tumor locations were: scalp (16, 48%). face (n = 12, 36%), and overlapping (5, 15%). Lesion types were: nodular (n = 23, 70%), flat (n = 4, 12%) and mixed (n = 6, 18%). Tumor size was larger in the RT group (median: 10.00 vs 2.85 cm, p<0.01). RT and Sx+RT patients had otherwise similar baseline characteristics: median age 74.3; male 70%; and ECOG performance status ≤1 85%. RT dose fractionations ranged from 50-70 Gy in 25-35 fractions in the RT group and 50-66 Gy in 25-33 fractions in the Sx+RT group. Four (12%) patients received neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Median follow up was 5.5 years. Five-year LC, RC, DC, and OS for RT vs Sx+RT groups were 68% vs 85% (p = 0.28); 95% vs 86% (p = 0.89); 79% vs 86% (p = 0.39); and 45% vs 55% (p = 0.71), respectively. The in-field/marginal/out-of-field local failure rate at 5 years were 16% vs 7% (p = 0.46), 26% vs 15% (p = 0.41), and 13% vs 0% (p = 0.24) for the RT vs Sx+RT groups, respectively. UVA showed that scalp location and ulceration/bleeding were strong adverse features for OS. Bone invasion was significantly associated with lower DC (Table). Lesion type (nodular/flat/mixed), tumor size, and treatment type (Sx+RT vs RT), were not significantly associated with LC or pattern of local failure. CONCLUSION Scalp tumors, as compared to face, portended poorer prognosis, and ulceration/bleeding and bone invasion were associated with increased distant metastases. Sx+RT was the preferred treatment modality when possible and typically used for smaller and better defined tumors. RT was reserved for larger and extensive/ill-defined disease; despite this, in the IMRT era, RT achieves reasonable rates of control, markedly superior to historical series.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Saha
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - S H Huang
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - B O'Sullivan
- CHUM (The University of Montreal Hospital Centre), Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - J Su
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - W Xu
- Department of Biostatistics, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - A Hosni
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - J Waldron
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - J Irish
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head & Neck Surgery, University Health Network-University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - J de Almeida
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - I Witterick
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - E Monteiro
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - R W Gilbert
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - C N Catton
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - P Chung
- Radiation Medicine Program, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - D Brown
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - D Goldstein
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - A A Razak
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - P Gullane
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - E Hahn
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
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Macdonald L, Nicholls N, Brown D, Mitchell R. Impact of built environment change on all-cause and cause-specific mortality: a novel longitudinal method and study. J Epidemiol Community Health 2023; 77:594-600. [PMID: 37369593 PMCID: PMC10423518 DOI: 10.1136/jech-2023-220681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 06/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Public health research increasingly acknowledges the influence of built environments (BE) on health; however, it is uncertain how BE change is associated with better population health and whether BE change can help narrow health inequalities. This knowledge gap is partly due to a lack of suitable longitudinal BE data in most countries. We devised a method to quantify BE change longitudinally and explored associations with mortality. The method is replicable in any nation that captures BE vector map data. METHODS Ordnance Survey data were used to categorise small areas as having no change, loss or gain, in buildings, roads, and woodland between 2015 and 2019. We examined individual mortality records for 2012-2015 and 2016-2019, using negative binomial regression to explore associations between BE change and all-cause and cause-specific mortality, adjusting for income deprivation. RESULTS BE change varied significantly by deprivation and urbanicity. Change in the BE and change in mortality were not related, however, areas that went on to experience BE change had different baseline mortality rates compared with those that did not. For example, areas that gained infrastructure already had lower mortality rates. CONCLUSION We provide new methodology to quantify BE change over time across a nation. Findings provide insight into the health of areas that do/do not experience change, prompting critical perspectives on cross-sectional studies of associations between BE and health. Methods and findings applied internationally could explore the context of BE change and its potential to improve health in areas most in need beyond the UK.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Macdonald
- MRC/CSO Social and Public Health Sciences Unit, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Natalie Nicholls
- MRC/CSO Social and Public Health Sciences Unit, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Denise Brown
- MRC/CSO Social and Public Health Sciences Unit, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Richard Mitchell
- MRC/CSO Social and Public Health Sciences Unit, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
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Doyle P, Workman C, Grice J, Du L, Borgmann A, Baker J, Duncan D, Taylor J, Brown D. Abstract No. 122 Predictive Dosimetry and Outcomes of Hepatocellular Carcinoma Following Liver Resin Microsphere Radioembolization. J Vasc Interv Radiol 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jvir.2022.12.173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/26/2023] Open
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Hund H, Du L, Matsuoka L, Sze D, Kennedy A, Vaheesan K, Petroziello M, Golzarian J, Wang E, Ghandi R, Collins Z, Brower J, Lee J, Brown D. Abstract No. 79 Comparison of 90Y Radioembolization Outcomes for Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC) in TACE-Refractory (T-REF) vs Treatment Naïve (TN) Patients in the RESiN Registry (NCT: 02685631). J Vasc Interv Radiol 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jvir.2022.12.125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/27/2023] Open
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Bradford DRR, Allik M, McMahon AD, Brown D. Assessing the risk of endogeneity bias in health and mortality inequalities research using composite measures of multiple deprivation which include health-related indicators: A case study using the Scottish Index of Multiple Deprivation and population health and mortality data. Health Place 2023; 80:102998. [PMID: 36921377 DOI: 10.1016/j.healthplace.2023.102998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Revised: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 02/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/17/2023]
Abstract
The inclusion of health-related indicators in composite measures of multiple deprivation introduces a risk of endogeneity bias when using the latter in health inequalities research. This bias may ultimately result in the inappropriate allocation of healthcare resources and maintenance of preventable health inequalities. Mitigation strategies to avoid this bias include removing the health-related indicators or using single constituent domains (such as income or employment class) in isolation. These strategies have not been widely validated. This study used population-level health and mortality data with a contemporary composite measure of multiple deprivation (Scottish Index of Multiple Deprivation; SIMD) to assess these mitigation strategies. The differences between deprivation methods (original, health excluded, and income domain) were negligible. The results of quantitative research on health inequalities are unlikely to be affected by endogeneity bias.
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Affiliation(s)
- D R R Bradford
- MRC/CSO Social and Public Health Sciences Unit, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8TB, United Kingdom.
| | - M Allik
- MRC/CSO Social and Public Health Sciences Unit, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8TB, United Kingdom
| | - A D McMahon
- School of Medicine, Dentistry & Nursing, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G2 3JZ, United Kingdom
| | - D Brown
- MRC/CSO Social and Public Health Sciences Unit, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8TB, United Kingdom
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Bass E, Connor M, Adzawoloo-Andersson I, Bertonelli Tanaka M, Bhola-Stewart H, Brown D, Eldred-Evans D, Hosking-Jervis F, Jaipuria J, Mendoza R, Pegers E, Leelamany D, Powell L, Ahmad S, Wong K, Tam H, Gordon S, Qazi H, Hrouda D, Mccracken S, Winkler M, Ahmed H. Can we predict when non-targeted systematic prostate biopsies need to be performed? Outcomes from the multicentre RAPIDOnline 3,853 patient cohort. Eur Urol 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/s0302-2838(23)00227-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/12/2023]
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10
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Brown D, Patel R, Witton R. First Dental Steps: a multistranded oral health improvement intervention embedded in the Healthy Child Programme. Perspect Public Health 2023; 143:12-13. [PMID: 36694974 DOI: 10.1177/17579139221122353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- D Brown
- DCT3 OMFS, Torbay Hospital, Torquay TQ2 7AA, UK
| | - R Patel
- Acting Consultant in Dental Public Health, Healthcare Public Health Directorate, NHS England and NHS Improvement South West, South West England, UK
| | - R Witton
- Peninsula Dental School, University of Plymouth, Plymouth, UK
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Barrachina F, Ottino K, Tu LJ, Soberman RJ, Brown D, Breton S, Battistone MA. CX3CR1 deficiency leads to impairment of immune surveillance in the epididymis. Cell Mol Life Sci 2022; 80:15. [PMID: 36550225 PMCID: PMC9948740 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-022-04664-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Revised: 11/09/2022] [Accepted: 12/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Mononuclear phagocytes (MPs) play an active role in the immunological homeostasis of the urogenital tract. In the epididymis, a finely tuned balance between tolerance to antigenic sperm and immune activation is required to maintain epididymal function while protecting sperm against pathogens and stressors. We previously characterized a subset of resident MPs that express the CX3CR1 receptor, emphasizing their role in antigen sampling and processing during sperm maturation and storage in the murine epididymis. Bacteria-associated epididymitis is the most common cause of intrascrotal inflammation and frequently leads to reproductive complications. Here, we examined whether the lack of functional CX3CR1 in homozygous mice (CX3CR1EGFP/EGFP, KO) alters the ability of MPs to initiate immune responses during epididymitis induced by LPS intravasal-epididymal injection. Confocal microscopy revealed that CX3CR1-deficient MPs located in the initial segments of the epididymis displayed fewer luminal-reaching membrane projections and impaired antigen capture activity. Moreover, flow cytometry showed a reduction of epididymal KO MPs with a monocytic phenotype under physiological conditions. In contrast, flow cytometry revealed an increase in the abundance of MPs with a monocytic signature in the distal epididymal segments after an LPS challenge. This was accompanied by the accumulation of CD103+ cells in the interstitium, and the prevention or attenuation of epithelial damage in the KO epididymis during epididymitis. Additionally, CX3CR1 deletion induced downregulation of Gja1 (connexin 43) expression in KO MPs. Together, our study provides evidence that MPs are gatekeepers of the immunological blood-epididymis barrier and reveal the role of the CX3CR1 receptor in epididymal mucosal homeostasis by inducing MP luminal protrusions and by regulating the monocyte population in the epididymis at steady state as well as upon infection. We also uncover the interaction between MPs and CD103+ dendritic cells, presumably through connexin 43, that enhance immune responses during epididymitis. Our study may lead to new diagnostics and therapies for male infertility and epididymitis by identifying immune mechanisms in the epididymis.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Barrachina
- Program in Membrane Biology, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, USA
- Nephrology Division, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, USA
| | - K Ottino
- Program in Membrane Biology, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, USA
- Nephrology Division, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, USA
| | - L J Tu
- Program in Membrane Biology, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, USA
- Nephrology Division, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, USA
| | - R J Soberman
- Nephrology Division, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, USA
| | - D Brown
- Program in Membrane Biology, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, USA
- Nephrology Division, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, USA
| | - S Breton
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec-Research Center, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproduction, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - M A Battistone
- Program in Membrane Biology, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, USA.
- Nephrology Division, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, USA.
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12
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Shoemark A, Griffin H, Wheway G, Hogg C, Lucas JS, Camps C, Taylor J, Carroll M, Loebinger MR, Chalmers JD, Morris-Rosendahl D, Mitchison HM, De Soyza A, Brown D, Ambrose JC, Arumugam P, Bevers R, Bleda M, Boardman-Pretty F, Boustred CR, Brittain H, Caulfield MJ, Chan GC, Fowler T, Giess A, Hamblin A, Henderson S, Hubbard TJP, Jackson R, Jones LJ, Kasperaviciute D, Kayikci M, Kousathanas A, Lahnstein L, Leigh SEA, Leong IUS, Lopez FJ, Maleady-Crowe F, McEntagart M, Minneci F, Moutsianas L, Mueller M, Murugaesu N, Need AC, O'Donovan P, Odhams CA, Patch C, Perez-Gil D, Pereira MB, Pullinger J, Rahim T, Rendon A, Rogers T, Savage K, Sawant K, Scott RH, Siddiq A, Sieghart A, Smith SC, Sosinsky A, Stuckey A, Tanguy M, Taylor Tavares AL, Thomas ERA, Thompson SR, Tucci A, Welland MJ, Williams E, Witkowska K, Wood SM. Genome sequencing reveals underdiagnosis of primary ciliary dyskinesia in bronchiectasis. Eur Respir J 2022; 60:13993003.00176-2022. [PMID: 35728977 DOI: 10.1183/13993003.00176-2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Accepted: 05/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bronchiectasis can result from infectious, genetic, immunological and allergic causes. 60-80% of cases are idiopathic, but a well-recognised genetic cause is the motile ciliopathy, primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD). Diagnosis of PCD has management implications including addressing comorbidities, implementing genetic and fertility counselling and future access to PCD-specific treatments. Diagnostic testing can be complex; however, PCD genetic testing is moving rapidly from research into clinical diagnostics and would confirm the cause of bronchiectasis. METHODS This observational study used genetic data from severe bronchiectasis patients recruited to the UK 100,000 Genomes Project and patients referred for gene panel testing within a tertiary respiratory hospital. Patients referred for genetic testing due to clinical suspicion of PCD were excluded from both analyses. Data were accessed from the British Thoracic Society audit, to investigate whether motile ciliopathies are underdiagnosed in people with bronchiectasis in the UK. RESULTS Pathogenic or likely pathogenic variants were identified in motile ciliopathy genes in 17 (12%) out of 142 individuals by whole-genome sequencing. Similarly, in a single centre with access to pathological diagnostic facilities, 5-10% of patients received a PCD diagnosis by gene panel, often linked to normal/inconclusive nasal nitric oxide and cilia functional test results. In 4898 audited patients with bronchiectasis, <2% were tested for PCD and <1% received genetic testing. CONCLUSIONS PCD is underdiagnosed as a cause of bronchiectasis. Increased uptake of genetic testing may help to identify bronchiectasis due to motile ciliopathies and ensure appropriate management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amelia Shoemark
- Respiratory Research Group, Molecular and Cellular Medicine, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK
- Royal Brompton Hospital and NHLI, Imperial College London, London, UK
- Newcastle University and NIHR Biomedical Research Centre for Ageing, Freeman Hospital, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Helen Griffin
- Primary Immunodeficiency Group, Newcastle University Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
- Newcastle University and NIHR Biomedical Research Centre for Ageing, Freeman Hospital, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Gabrielle Wheway
- Human Development and Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Claire Hogg
- Royal Brompton Hospital and NHLI, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Jane S Lucas
- Primary Ciliary Dyskinesia Centre, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK
- Clinical and Experimental Sciences Academic Unit, University of Southampton Faculty of Medicine, Southampton, UK
| | | | - Carme Camps
- Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, Clinical Informatics Research Office, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, UK
| | - Jenny Taylor
- Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, Clinical Informatics Research Office, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, UK
| | - Mary Carroll
- Primary Ciliary Dyskinesia Centre, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK
| | | | - James D Chalmers
- Respiratory Research Group, Molecular and Cellular Medicine, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK
| | - Deborah Morris-Rosendahl
- Clinical Genetics and Genomics, Royal Brompton Hospital, Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust and NHLI, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Hannah M Mitchison
- Genetics and Genomic Medicine Department, University College London, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London, UK
- These authors contributed equally to this manuscript
| | - Anthony De Soyza
- Newcastle University and NIHR Biomedical Research Centre for Ageing, Freeman Hospital, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
- These authors contributed equally to this manuscript
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13
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Bradford DRR, Allik M, McMahon AD, Brown D. Physical health of care-experienced young children in high-income countries: a scoping review protocol. BMJ Open 2022; 12:e063648. [PMID: 36691175 PMCID: PMC9454045 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2022-063648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2022] [Accepted: 08/25/2022] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Care-experienced children have poorer health, developmental, and quality of life outcomes across the lifespan compared to children who are not in care. These inequities begin to manifest in the early years. The purpose of the proposed scoping review is to collate and synthesise studies of the physical health of young care-experienced children. The results of the review will help map the distribution of health outcomes, identify potential targets for intervention, and assess gaps in the literature relating to this group. METHODS AND ANALYSIS We will carry out a scoping review of the literature to identify studies of physical health outcomes in care-experienced children. Systematic literature searches will be carried out on the MEDLINE, CINAHL and Web of Science Core Collection databases for items indexed on or before 31 August 2022. Studies will be included where the participants are aged 3 months or greater and less than 6 years. Data elements extracted from included studies will include study objectives, health outcomes, participant demographics, care setting characteristics and bibliographic information. The results of the review will be synthesised and reported using a critical narrative approach. Comparisons between care and non-care populations will be reported if sufficient studies are identified. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION Data will be extracted from publicly available sources, so no additional ethical approval is required. Results will be published in a peer-reviewed journal article. Furthermore, they will be shared in summary reports and presented to local authorities, care organisations and other relevant stakeholders that can influence healthcare policy and procedure relating to young children in care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel R R Bradford
- MRC/CSO Social and Public Health Sciences Unit, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Mirjam Allik
- MRC/CSO Social and Public Health Sciences Unit, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Alex D McMahon
- School of Medicine, Dentistry and Nursing, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Denise Brown
- MRC/CSO Social and Public Health Sciences Unit, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
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Bishop H, Evans J, Eze JI, Webster C, Humphry RW, Beattie R, White J, Couper J, Allison L, Brown D, Tongue SC. Bacteriological Survey of Fresh Minced Beef on Sale at Retail Outlets in Scotland in 2019: Three Foodborne Pathogens, Hygiene Process Indicators, and Phenotypic Antimicrobial Resistance. J Food Prot 2022; 85:1370-1379. [PMID: 35653627 DOI: 10.4315/jfp-22-051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2022] [Accepted: 05/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACT The health and economic burden of foodborne illness is high, with approximately 2.4 million cases occurring annually in the United Kingdom. A survey to understand the baseline microbial quality and prevalence of food-related hazards of fresh beef mince on retail sale could inform risk assessment, management, and communication to ensure the safety of this commodity. In such a survey, a two-stage sampling design was used to reflect variations in population density and the market share of five categories of retail outlets in Scotland. From January to December 2019, 1,009 fresh minced beef samples were collected from 15 geographic areas. The microbial quality of each sample was assessed using aerobic colony count and Escherichia coli count. Samples were cultured for Campylobacter and Salmonella, and PCR was used to detect target genes (stx1 all variants, stx2 a to g, and rfbO157) for Shiga toxin-producing E. coli (STEC). The presence of viable E. coli O157 and STEC in samples with a positive PCR signal was confirmed via culture and isolation. Phenotypic antimicrobial sensitivity patterns of cultured pathogens and 100 E. coli isolates were determined, mostly via disk diffusion. The median aerobic colony count and E. coli counts were 6.4 × 105 (interquartile range, 6.9 × 104 to 9.6 × 106) and <10 CFU/g (interquartile range, <10 to 10) of minced beef, respectively. The prevalence was 0.1% (95% confidence interval [CI], 0 to 0.7%) for Campylobacter, 0.3% (95% CI, 0 to 1%) for Salmonella, 22% (95% CI, 20 to 25%) for PCR-positive STEC, and 4% (95% CI, 2 to 5%) for culture-positive STEC. The evidence for phenotypic antimicrobial resistance detected did not give cause for concern, mainly occurring in a few E. coli isolates as single nonsusceptibilities to first-line active substances. The low prevalence of pathogens and phenotypic antimicrobial resistance is encouraging, but ongoing consumer food safety education is necessary to mitigate the residual public health risk. HIGHLIGHTS
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Affiliation(s)
- H Bishop
- Scotland's Rural College, An Lochran, 10 Inverness Campus, Inverness IV2 5NA, UK
| | - J Evans
- Scotland's Rural College, An Lochran, 10 Inverness Campus, Inverness IV2 5NA, UK
| | - J I Eze
- Scotland's Rural College, An Lochran, 10 Inverness Campus, Inverness IV2 5NA, UK.,Biomathematics & Statistics Scotland, JCMB, The King's Buildings, Edinburgh EH9 3FD, UK
| | - C Webster
- Scotland's Rural College, An Lochran, 10 Inverness Campus, Inverness IV2 5NA, UK
| | - R W Humphry
- Scotland's Rural College, An Lochran, 10 Inverness Campus, Inverness IV2 5NA, UK
| | - R Beattie
- Scientific Services Laboratories of Edinburgh, Glasgow and Tayside Councils, 6 James Lindsay Place, Dundee, DD1 5JJ, 4 Marine Esplanade, Edinburgh EH6 7LU, and Colston Laboratories 64 Everard Drive, Glasgow G21 1XG, UK
| | - J White
- Scientific Services Laboratories of Edinburgh, Glasgow and Tayside Councils, 6 James Lindsay Place, Dundee, DD1 5JJ, 4 Marine Esplanade, Edinburgh EH6 7LU, and Colston Laboratories 64 Everard Drive, Glasgow G21 1XG, UK
| | - J Couper
- Scientific Services Laboratories of Edinburgh, Glasgow and Tayside Councils, 6 James Lindsay Place, Dundee, DD1 5JJ, 4 Marine Esplanade, Edinburgh EH6 7LU, and Colston Laboratories 64 Everard Drive, Glasgow G21 1XG, UK
| | - L Allison
- Scottish Microbiological Reference Laboratories (SMiRL) (Edinburgh and Glasgow), Scottish E. coli O157/STEC Reference Laboratory (SERL), Department of Laboratory Medicine, Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh, 51 Little France Crescent, Old Dalkeith Road, Edinburgh EH16 4SA, and Level 5, New Lister Building, Glasgow Royal Infirmary, 10-16 Alexandra Parade, Glasgow G21 3ER, UK
| | - D Brown
- Scottish Microbiological Reference Laboratories (SMiRL) (Edinburgh and Glasgow), Scottish E. coli O157/STEC Reference Laboratory (SERL), Department of Laboratory Medicine, Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh, 51 Little France Crescent, Old Dalkeith Road, Edinburgh EH16 4SA, and Level 5, New Lister Building, Glasgow Royal Infirmary, 10-16 Alexandra Parade, Glasgow G21 3ER, UK
| | - S C Tongue
- Scotland's Rural College, An Lochran, 10 Inverness Campus, Inverness IV2 5NA, UK
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Cimova K, Henderson D, Allik M, Brown D, Meier P, Mayor C, Watson N, Craig P, Tweed E. Barriers and facilitators of cross-sectoral data linkage to inform healthy public policy and practice: lessons from three case study projects in Scotland. Int J Popul Data Sci 2022. [PMCID: PMC9645041 DOI: 10.23889/ijpds.v7i3.2062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
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16
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McMonagle C, Brown D, Reeve R, Mancy R. Trends in the diversity of mortality causes and age-standardised mortality rates among subpopulations within Scotland, 2001-2019. SSM Popul Health 2022; 19:101192. [PMID: 36039349 PMCID: PMC9418986 DOI: 10.1016/j.ssmph.2022.101192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2022] [Revised: 07/25/2022] [Accepted: 07/29/2022] [Indexed: 02/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Previous research has demonstrated increasing diversity in causes of mortality among high-income nations in recent decades, associated with improvements in health and increasing life expectancies. Health outcomes are known to vary widely between communities within these countries and inequalities between sexes and other subpopulations are key in understanding the health of populations. Despite this, little is known about variation in the diversity of mortality causes between these subpopulations. Diversification in mortality causes indicates an increase in the pool of potential causes of mortality an individual is likely to face. This poses challenges for the public health and medical sectors by increasing diagnostic uncertainty and broadening the range of causes to be addressed by public health and medical interventions. Here we examine trends over time in the diversity in causes of mortality in Scotland by sex and area-level deprivation, also examining deaths among those younger than 75 years and those 75 years and older separately. We find that diversity in causes of mortality has increased across subpopulations; that it has risen more quickly in men than women; that the rate of increase has been similar across age categories; and that there is no clear ranking in the trends by deprivation quintile, despite slower improvements in mortality rates among the most deprived. Increasing diversity in mortality causes suggests that a greater public health focus on reducing death rates from a broader range of causes is likely to be required, and this may be especially important for men who face a faster rate of diversification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ciaran McMonagle
- MRC/CSO Social and Public Health Sciences Unit, University of Glasgow, G3 7HR, UK,Boyd Orr Centre for Population and Ecosystem Health, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK,Corresponding author. MRC/CSO Social and Public Health Sciences Unit, University of Glasgow, G3 7HR, UK.
| | - Denise Brown
- MRC/CSO Social and Public Health Sciences Unit, University of Glasgow, G3 7HR, UK
| | - Richard Reeve
- Boyd Orr Centre for Population and Ecosystem Health, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK,School of Biodiversity, One Health and Veterinary Medicine, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8QQ, UK
| | - Rebecca Mancy
- MRC/CSO Social and Public Health Sciences Unit, University of Glasgow, G3 7HR, UK,School of Biodiversity, One Health and Veterinary Medicine, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8QQ, UK
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Ngámbi JW, Selapa MJ, Brown D, Manyelo TG. The effect of varying levels of purified condensed tannins on performance, blood profile, meat quality and methane emission in male Bapedi sheep fed grass hay and pellet-based diet. Trop Anim Health Prod 2022; 54:263. [PMID: 35960378 PMCID: PMC9374631 DOI: 10.1007/s11250-022-03268-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Accepted: 07/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
This study determined the effect of purified condensed tannin inclusion levels in a diet on production, haematological indices, blood biochemical components, meat quality and methane emission by yearling indigenous male Bapedi sheep on a grass hay and sheep pellet-based diet in a 28-day trial. The diets contained similar (P > 0.05) nutrients but with different (P < 0.05) purified condensed tannin supplementation levels. A complete randomized design was used. Twenty-four yearling male Bapedi sheep were assigned to four dietary treatments having different purified condensed tannin levels of 0 (GH80P20PCT0), 30 (GH80P20PCT30), 40 (GH80P20PCT40) and 50 (GH80P20PCT50) g/kg DM. A quadratic type of equation was also used to determine condensed tannin supplementation levels for optimal performance and methane emission reduction by sheep. Supplementing diets with purified condensed tannins did not affect (P > 0.05) diet intake, digestibility and live weight gain of male Bapedi sheep. Supplementing diets with purified condensed tannins did not affect (P > 0.05) blood components of male Bapedi sheep. Inclusion of condensed tannins in the diets did not affect (P > 0.05) Bapedi sheep meat pH and sensory attributes. However, supplementing diets with purified condensed tannins decreased (P < 0.05) methane emission by 51 to 60%. A 49.08 g supplementation level with purified condensed tannins per kg DM diet was calculated, with the use of quadratic equations, to result in the lowest methane emission by male Bapedi sheep. The meat of male Bapedi rams on diets containing 30, 40 or 50 g of purified condensed tannins per kg DM contained higher (P < 0.05) antioxidant activities than those from rams fed a diet without purified condensed tannins. These results indicate that purified condensed tannin supplementation levels of 0, 30, 40 or 50 g/kg DM diet had no adverse effects on growth performance, blood profiles and meat sensory attributes of male Bapedi sheep. However, supplementation levels of 30, 40 or 50 g of purified condensed tannins per kg DM diet reduced methane emission by 51 to 60%, and increased sheep meat antioxidant activity values. Supplementing diets with purified condensed tannins has the potential to reduce methane production and emission by sheep. However, long-term studies are recommended to ascertain the present findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- J W Ngámbi
- Department of Agricultural Economics and Animal Production, University of Limpopo, Private Bag X1106, Sovenga, Polokwane, 0727, South Africa
| | - M J Selapa
- Department of Agricultural Economics and Animal Production, University of Limpopo, Private Bag X1106, Sovenga, Polokwane, 0727, South Africa
| | - D Brown
- Department of Agricultural Economics and Animal Production, University of Limpopo, Private Bag X1106, Sovenga, Polokwane, 0727, South Africa
| | - T G Manyelo
- Department of Agricultural Economics and Animal Production, University of Limpopo, Private Bag X1106, Sovenga, Polokwane, 0727, South Africa.
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Ramshaw G, McKeown A, Lee R, Conlon A, Brown D, Kennedy PJ. Introduction of Technology to Support Young People’s Care and Mental Health—A Rapid Evidence Review. Child Youth Care Forum 2022; 52:509-531. [PMID: 35966643 PMCID: PMC9362215 DOI: 10.1007/s10566-022-09700-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Background Technology and its use within mental health services has advanced dramatically over recent years. Opportunities for mental health services to utilise technology to introduce novel, effective, and more efficient means of delivering assessment, and treatment are increasing. Objective The current rapid-evidence paper reviews evidence regarding the introduction of novel technology to support young people’s mental health and psychological well-being. Methods A rapid evidence review was conducted. PSYCHINFO and CINAHL were searched for research articles between 2016 and 2021 that were specific to young people, mental health, and technology developments within this domain. N = 27 studies which explored the introduction, feasibility, and value of technology for mental health purposes were included in a narrative synthesis. Quality or risk of bias analyses were not completed. Results Overall, technological advancements in young people’s care were considered positive and engaging for young people. Factors including resources, efficiency of care, engagement, therapeutic effectiveness, ethical considerations, therapeutic alliance, and flexibility were considered within this review. Nevertheless, potential barriers include clinician concerns, socioeconomic factors, and motivation. Conclusion Effective and sustained use of technology within young people’s mental health services will depend on the technology’s usability, efficiency, and ability to engage young people. This paper expands on existing research by reviewing a broader range of technology proposed to support young people’s mental health and well-being. This will assist in the application of novel technological advancements by indicating effectiveness, preferences, potential barriers, and recommendations for the feasibility and efficacy of introducing technology into young people’s services.
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Fernandez E, Sifrim A, Chappell J, Demeulemeester J, Van der Haegen M, Brown D, Theunis K, Van Herck J, Vandereyken K, Ponting C, Vermeesch J, Peeraer K, Debrock S, Pasque V, Voet T. O-236 A multi-omics genome-plus-transcriptome single-cell atlas of human pre-implantation development reveals the impact of chromosome instability on cell function within the embryo. Hum Reprod 2022. [DOI: 10.1093/humrep/deac106.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Study question
Which are the transcriptional signatures of chromosome instability (CIN) on the human pre-implantation embryo biology at single-cell level?
Summary answer
CIN-perturbed cells show gene expression dosage effects as well as signatures of developmental delay and cell competition within the developing human embryo.
What is known already
According to studies analysing whole human embryos at single-cell resolution, as much as 90% of the Day3-4 and up to 100% of the Day6-12 carry one or more cells with mitotic abnormalities. Intriguingly, embryonic CIN does not necessarily preclude normal offspring, since ∼30% of mosaic blastocysts detected by preimplantation genetic testing for aneuploidy (PGT-A) can result in healthy live births. A model of post-implantation human development revealed cell selection mechanisms that deplete aneuploid cells from the germ layers. However, single-cell multi-omics approaches have not yet been applied to resolve the transcriptional signatures of CIN in human embryos.
Study design, size, duration
Cryopreserved human embryos donated for research were dissociated into single cells between Day1-7 post-fertilization. Cells were processed by scG&T-seq generating 295 genomes and 576 transcriptomes. This data was integrated with published single-cell RNA-seq data, totalling 2105 single-cell transcriptomes from 172 embryos. Inference of cells' DNA copy number (CN) from gene expression was benchmarked using G&T-seq data and used for cells lacking DNA-seq data.
Participants/materials, setting, methods
Effects of aneuploidies on gene expression, regulatory programs, lineage specification and developmental progression rates were studied by integrative analysis on single-cell whole genome copy number and whole transcriptome data.
Main results and the role of chance
On the genomic level, we observed frequent acquired numerical and structural chromosomal aberrations. Deletions were more frequent than duplications and were equally spread across pre-implantation stages and cell lineages. Although 88% of the embryos contained aneuploid cells, 63% still contained euploid cells. On the transcriptome level, we disclosed 248 active transcription factors (TFs), including key regulators of cell identity, that constitute 10 major gene regulatory modules driving pre-implantation development. By integrating single-cell DNA-plus-RNA information, we unveil that changes in genes’ CN directly result in transcriptional changes in the same direction, and we disclose aberrant gene regulation. Moreover, we observed cell competition instigating well before ICM/TE cell lineages specification. Common transcriptomic signatures within CIN-perturbed cells were identified. Interestingly, in TE, cell competition signatures co-existed with up-regulation of pro-proliferative and implantation-related genes.
Limitations, reasons for caution
Our study is based on single-cell whole genome expression data from disaggregated IVF pre-implantation embryos.
Wider implications of the findings
Our analyses suggest that while unfit CIN-perturbed cells might be eliminated by cell competition mechanisms, these might be tolerated and potentially beneficial in TE. Thus, encouraging the transfer of mosaic embryos after PGT-A. Besides, we provide a unique comprehensive data resource for future work.
Trial registration number
not applicable
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Affiliation(s)
- E Fernandez
- KU Leuven, Center of Human Genetics , Leuven, Belgium
| | - A Sifrim
- KU Leuven, Center of Human Genetics , Leuven, Belgium
| | - J Chappell
- KU Leuven, Stem Cell Institute , Leuven, Belgium
| | | | | | - D Brown
- KU Leuven, Center of Human Genetics , Leuven, Belgium
| | - K Theunis
- KU Leuven, Center of Human Genetics , Leuven, Belgium
| | - J Van Herck
- KU Leuven, Center of Human Genetics , Leuven, Belgium
| | - K Vandereyken
- KU Leuven, Center of Human Genetics , Leuven, Belgium
| | - C Ponting
- University of Oxford, MRC Functional Genomics Unit , Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - J Vermeesch
- KU Leuven, Center of Human Genetics , Leuven, Belgium
| | - K Peeraer
- UZ Leuven, Leuven University Fertility Centre , Leuven, Belgium
| | - S Debrock
- UZ Leuven, Leuven University Fertility Centre , Leuven, Belgium
| | - V Pasque
- KU Leuven, Stem Cell Institute , Leuven, Belgium
| | - T Voet
- KU Leuven, Center of Human Genetics , Leuven, Belgium
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Emmons E, Krebs H, Gandhi R, Collins Z, O’Hara R, Akhter N, Wang E, Grilli C, Brower J, Peck S, Petroziello M, Aal AA, Golzarian J, Kennedy A, Matsuoka L, Sze D, Brown D. Abstract No. 1 ▪ ABSTRACT OF THE YEAR Survival outcomes and toxicities following Y-90 radioembolization of colorectal cancer metastatic to the liver: 498-patient analysis from the RESiN registry (NCT: 02685631). J Vasc Interv Radiol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jvir.2022.03.074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
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Frantz S, Wu H, Adeniran O, Wong T, Borgmann T, Matsuoka L, Geevarghese S, Alexopoulos S, Shingina A, Meranze S, Baker J, Garbett S, Brown D. Abstract No. 10 Six-year evaluation of same-day discharge following conventional transarterial chemoembolization (cTACE) of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). J Vasc Interv Radiol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jvir.2022.03.083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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22
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Rohr A, Collins Z, Hodson A, Zhang K, Krebs H, Ghandi R, O’Hara R, Akhter N, Wang E, Grilli C, Brower J, Peck S, Petroziello M, Aal AA, Golzarian J, Brown D. Abstract No. 32 Multi-institutional review of patients receiving Y-90 transarterial radioembolization (TARE) with hepatic tumors status post partial hepatectomy. J Vasc Interv Radiol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jvir.2022.03.113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
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Goswami P, Adeniran O, Frantz S, Matsuoka L, Du L, Gandhi R, Collins Z, Matrana M, Petroziello M, Brower J, Sze D, Kennedy A, Golzarian J, Wang E, Brown D. Abstract No. 196 Overall survival and toxicities of advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) Barcelona clinic liver cancer C (BCLC-C) patients following Y-90 radioembolization: assessment from the RESiN Registry (NCT: 02685631). J Vasc Interv Radiol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jvir.2022.03.277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
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Robinson T, Zhang K, Matsuoka L, Sze D, Kennedy A, Gandhi R, Kouri B, Collins Z, O’Hara R, Kokabi N, Grilli C, Wang E, Lee J, Brown D. Abstract No. 304 Evaluation of survival and toxicity of cholangiocarcinoma treated with Y-90 radioembolization: outcomes assessment from the radiation emitting SIR-Spheres in non-resectable tumor registry. J Vasc Interv Radiol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jvir.2022.03.385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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Vajapeyam S, Brown D, Ziaei A, Wu S, Vezina G, Stern J, Panigrahy A, Patay Z, Tamrazi B, Jones J, Haque S, Enterline D, Cha S, Jones B, Yeom K, Onar-Thomas A, Dunkel I, Fouladi M, Fangusaro J, Poussaint T. ADC Histogram Analysis of Pediatric Low-Grade Glioma Treated with Selumetinib: A Report from the Pediatric Brain Tumor Consortium. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2022; 43:455-461. [PMID: 35210278 PMCID: PMC8910799 DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.a7433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2021] [Accepted: 01/01/2022] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Selumetinib is a promising MAP (mitogen-activated protein) kinase (MEK) 1/2 inhibitor treatment for pediatric low-grade gliomas. We hypothesized that MR imaging-derived ADC histogram metrics would be associated with survival and response to treatment with selumetinib. MATERIALS AND METHODS Children with recurrent, refractory, or progressive pediatric low-grade gliomas who had World Health Organization grade I pilocytic astrocytoma with KIAA1549-BRAF fusion or the BRAF V600E mutation (stratum 1), neurofibromatosis type 1-associated pediatric low-grade gliomas (stratum 3), or sporadic non-neurofibromatosis type 1 optic pathway and hypothalamic glioma (OPHG) (stratum 4) were treated with selumetinib for up to 2 years. Quantitative ADC histogram metrics were analyzed for total and enhancing tumor volumes at baseline and during treatment. RESULTS Each stratum comprised 25 patients. Stratum 1 responders showed lower values of SD of baseline ADC_total as well as a larger decrease with time on treatment in ADC_total mean, mode, and median compared with nonresponders. Stratum 3 responders showed a greater longitudinal decrease in ADC_total. In stratum 4, higher baseline ADC_total skewness and kurtosis were associated with shorter progression-free survival. When all 3 strata were combined, responders showed a greater decrease with time in ADC_total mode and median. Compared with sporadic OPHG, neurofibromatosis type 1-associated OPHG had lower values of ADC_total mean, mode, and median as well as ADC_enhancement mean and median and higher values of ADC_total skewness and kurtosis at baseline. The longitudinal decrease in ADC_total median during treatment was significantly greater in sporadic OPHG compared with neurofibromatosis type 1-associated OPHG. CONCLUSIONS ADC histogram metrics are associated with progression-free survival and response to treatment with selumetinib in pediatric low-grade gliomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- S. Vajapeyam
- From the Department of Radiology (S.V., T.Y.P.), Boston Children’s Hospital,Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - D. Brown
- Department of Radiology (D.B.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - A. Ziaei
- Department of Radiology (A.Z.), Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - S. Wu
- Department of Biostatistics (S.W., A.O.-T.), St Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee
| | - G. Vezina
- Department of Radiology (G.V.), Children’s National Medical Center, Washington, DC
| | - J.S. Stern
- Department of Radiology (J.S.S.), Ann and Robert H Lurie Children’s Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - A. Panigrahy
- Department of Radiology (A.P.), Children’s Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Z. Patay
- Department of Diagnostic Imaging (Z.P.), St Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee
| | - B. Tamrazi
- Department of Radiology (B.T.), Children’s Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | - J.Y. Jones
- Department of Radiology (J.Y.J., M.F.), Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Columbus, Ohio
| | - S.S. Haque
- Department of Radiology (S.S.H., I.J.D.), Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - D.S. Enterline
- Department of Radiology (D.S.E.), Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina
| | - S. Cha
- Department of Radiology (S.C.), University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California
| | - B.V. Jones
- Department of Radiology (B.V.J.), Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - K.W. Yeom
- Department of Radiology (K.W.Y.), Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
| | - A. Onar-Thomas
- Department of Biostatistics (S.W., A.O.-T.), St Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee
| | - I.J. Dunkel
- Department of Radiology (S.S.H., I.J.D.), Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - M. Fouladi
- Department of Radiology (J.Y.J., M.F.), Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Columbus, Ohio
| | - J.R. Fangusaro
- Department of Hematology, Oncology, and Stem Cell Transplantation (J.R.F.), Children’s Healthcare of Atlanta and Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - T.Y. Poussaint
- From the Department of Radiology (S.V., T.Y.P.), Boston Children’s Hospital,Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
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McColl L, Brace H, Brown D. An audit of the implementation of a pilot first contact practitioner service in South Tyneside. Physiotherapy 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.physio.2021.12.075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Allik M, Brown D, Dundas R, Leyland AH. Differences in ill health and in socioeconomic inequalities in health by ethnic groups: a cross-sectional study using 2011 Scottish census. Ethn Health 2022; 27:190-208. [PMID: 31313591 PMCID: PMC7614248 DOI: 10.1080/13557858.2019.1643009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2018] [Accepted: 06/18/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Objectives: We compare rates of ill health and socioeconomic inequalities in health by ethnic groups in Scotland by age. We focus on ethnic differences in socioeconomic inequalities in health. There is little evidence of how socioeconomic inequalities in health vary by ethnicity, especially in Scotland, where health inequalities are high compared to other European countries.Design: A cross-sectional study using the 2011 Scottish Census (population 5.3 million) was conducted. Directly standardized rates were calculated for two self-rated health outcomes (poor general health and limiting long-term illness) separately by ethnicity, age and small-area deprivation. Slope and relative indices of inequality were calculated to measure socioeconomic inequalities in health.Results: The results show that the White Scottish population tend to have worse health and higher socioeconomic inequalities in health than many other ethnic groups, while White Polish and Chinese people tend to have better health and low socioeconomic inequalities in health. These results are more salient for ages 30-44. The Pakistani population has high rates of poor health similar to the White Scottish for ages 15-44, but at ages 45 and above Pakistani people have the highest rates of poor self-rated health. Compared to other ethnicities, Pakistani people are also more likely to experience poor health in the least deprived areas, particularly at ages 45 and above.Conclusions: There are statistically significant and substantial differences in poor self-rated health and in socioeconomic inequalities in health between ethnicities. Rates of ill health vary between ethnic groups at any age. The better health of the younger minority population should not be taken as evidence of better health outcomes in later life. Since socioeconomic gradients in health vary by ethnicity, policy interventions for health improvement in Scotland that focus only on deprived areas may inadvertently exclude minority populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mirjam Allik
- MRC/CSO Social and Public Health Sciences Unit, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Denise Brown
- MRC/CSO Social and Public Health Sciences Unit, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Ruth Dundas
- MRC/CSO Social and Public Health Sciences Unit, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Alastair H Leyland
- MRC/CSO Social and Public Health Sciences Unit, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
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Eaton AF, Brown D, Merkulova M. Author Correction: The evolutionary conserved TLDc domain defines a new class of (H +)V-ATPase interacting proteins. Sci Rep 2021; 11:23481. [PMID: 34848813 PMCID: PMC8633271 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-02955-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- A F Eaton
- Program in Membrane Biology and Division of Nephrology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - D Brown
- Program in Membrane Biology and Division of Nephrology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - M Merkulova
- Program in Membrane Biology and Division of Nephrology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02114, USA. .,Program in Membrane Biology and Division of Nephrology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Simches Research Center, 128 Cambridge St., Boston, MA, 02114, USA.
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Eaton AF, Brown D, Merkulova M. The evolutionary conserved TLDc domain defines a new class of (H +)V-ATPase interacting proteins. Sci Rep 2021; 11:22654. [PMID: 34811399 PMCID: PMC8608904 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-01809-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2021] [Accepted: 11/02/2021] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
We recently found that nuclear receptor coactivator 7 (Ncoa7) and Oxr1 interact with the proton-pumping V-ATPase. Ncoa7 and Oxr1 belong to a group of proteins playing a role in the oxidative stress response, that contain the conserved “TLDc” domain. Here we asked if the three other proteins in this family, i.e., Tbc1d24, Tldc1 and Tldc2 also interact with the V-ATPase and if the TLDc domains are involved in all these interactions. By co-immunoprecipitation, endogenous kidney Tbc1d24 (and Ncoa7 and Oxr1) and overexpressed Tldc1 and Tldc2, all interacted with the V-ATPase. In addition, purified TLDc domains of Ncoa7, Oxr1 and Tldc2 (but not Tbc1d24 or Tldc1) interacted with V-ATPase in GST pull-downs. At the amino acid level, point mutations G815A, G845A and G896A in conserved regions of the Ncoa7 TLDc domain abolished interaction with the V-ATPase, and S817A, L926A and E938A mutations resulted in decreased interaction. Furthermore, poly-E motifs upstream of the TLDc domain in Ncoa7 and Tldc2 show a (nonsignificant) trend towards enhancing the interaction with V-ATPase. Our principal finding is that all five members of the TLDc family of proteins interact with the V-ATPase. We conclude that the TLDc motif defines a new class of V-ATPase interacting regulatory proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- A F Eaton
- Program in Membrane Biology and Division of Nephrology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - D Brown
- Program in Membrane Biology and Division of Nephrology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - M Merkulova
- Program in Membrane Biology and Division of Nephrology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02114, USA. .,Program in Membrane Biology and Division of Nephrology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Simches Research Center, 128 Cambridge St., Boston, MA, 02114, USA.
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Hahn E, Barot S, O'Sullivan B, Huang S, Gupta A, Hosni A, Razak A, Waldron J, Irish J, Gullane P, Brown D, Gilbert R, de Almeida J, Laperriere N, Hodgson D, Shultz D. Adult Head and Neck Rhabdomyosarcoma: Management, Outcomes, and the Impact of IMRT on Locoregional Control. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2021.07.978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Allik M, Brown D, Leyland AH, Henderson M. Comparing health outcomes of care experienced children to children not in care in Scotland 2009-2016. Eur J Public Health 2021. [DOI: 10.1093/eurpub/ckab164.868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Internationally, there is little quantitative evidence on how the health of children who have experienced social care compares to children in the general population. Invariably, available evidence suggests that care experience is related to poorer health, but often this is based on small sample sizes or without comparison to children who have not been in care. The Children's Health in Care in Scotland (CHiCS) study provides the first Scotland-wide evidence on health outcomes of care experienced children (CEC) compared to children in the general population (CGP).
Methods
We undertook an individual level administrative data linkage of social care, morbidity, prescribing, death and birth records from August 2009 to July 2016. The CEC cohort was defined as all school-age children who were in social care in 2009/2010 (n = 13,831) and the CGP cohort includes school-age children who were not in care (n = 649,771). Age-standardized rates per 1000 person-years were calculated for hospitalisation by cause, prescription types and cause of death for both cohorts.
Results
Initial results show that CEC experienced higher average rates of mortality, prescriptions, and different types of hospitalisations during the study period (not adjusted). There are substantial differences in the types of prescriptions and reasons for hospital admission between the cohorts; CEC are more likely to be prescribed antidepressants (rate of 260.2 per 1000 person-years for CEC compared to 114.4 for GCP) and to attend psychiatric outpatient appointments (rate of 163.2 compared to 32.6). Care experienced young women have higher rates of medical abortions (rate of 11.3 compared to 6.1).
Conclusions
The results from this study indicate that CEC are more likely to contact the health services, particularly for mental and sexual/reproductive health reasons, and these problems may track into adulthood. Interventions to reduce inequalities in health for CEC should focus on these areas.
Key messages
CEC had higher rates of mortality, prescriptions, and hospitalisations during the study period. CEC are more likely to contact the health services for mental and sexual/reproductive health reasons.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Allik
- MRC/CSO Social and Public Health Sciences Unit, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - D Brown
- MRC/CSO Social and Public Health Sciences Unit, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - AH Leyland
- MRC/CSO Social and Public Health Sciences Unit, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - M Henderson
- School of Social Work and Social Policy, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, UK
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Brown D, Tsampoukas G. 817 Loss of Libido in A Man with An Incidental Leydig Cell Tumour Of the Testis: A Rare Tumour Discovered Following an Isolated Common Complaint. Br J Surg 2021. [DOI: 10.1093/bjs/znab259.325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Introduction
Leydig cell tumours (LCTs) are rare testicular stromal neoplasms classically presenting with a painless testicular mass or swelling in adults. Symptoms secondary to hypogonadism may occur resulting from the hormonal activity of these tumours. Loss of libido is described in LCTs in conjunction with other symptoms; however, no case has reported this as the sole presenting feature.
Case report
We describe the case of a 42-year-old man presenting to his General Practitioner with loss of libido and no other features suspicious of testicular cancer. Ultrasound performed due to an unrelated epididymal cyst detected an incidental mass confirmed as a benign LCT following radical orchidectomy. Biochemical markers remained normal throughout and following treatment his libido returned to normal.
Conclusions
This case may serve as a reminder for clinicians to maintain a high index of suspicion for testicular neoplasms in patients with features of hypogonadism in the absence of classical features for testicular cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Brown
- Broomfield Hospital, Chelmsford, United Kingdom
| | - G Tsampoukas
- Princess Alexandra Hospital, Harlow, United Kingdom
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Brown D, Conway DI, McMahon AD, Dundas R, Leyland AH. Cancer mortality 1981-2016 and contribution of specific cancers to current socioeconomic inequalities in all cancer mortality: A population-based study. Cancer Epidemiol 2021; 74:102010. [PMID: 34418667 PMCID: PMC7611600 DOI: 10.1016/j.canep.2021.102010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2021] [Revised: 08/03/2021] [Accepted: 08/07/2021] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In many high-income countries cancer mortality rates have declined, however, socioeconomic inequalities in cancer mortality have widened over time with those in the most deprived areas bearing the greatest burden. Less is known about the contribution of specific cancers to inequalities in total cancer mortality. METHODS Using high-quality routinely collected population and mortality records we examine long-term trends in cancer mortality rates in Scotland by age group, sex, and area deprivation. We use the decomposed slope and relative indices of inequality to identify the specific cancers that contribute most to absolute and relative inequalities, respectively, in total cancer mortality. RESULTS Cancer mortality rates fell by 24 % for males and 10 % for females over the last 35 years; declining across all age groups except females aged 75+ where rates rose by 14 %. Lung cancer remains the most common cause of cancer death. Mortality rates of lung cancer have more than halved for males since 1981, while rates among females have almost doubled over the same period. CONCLUSION Current relative inequalities in total cancer mortality are dominated by inequalities in lung cancer mortality, but with contributions from other cancer sites including liver, and head and neck (males); and breast (females), stomach and cervical (younger females). An understanding of which cancer sites contribute most to inequalities in total cancer mortality is crucial for improving cancer health and care, and for reducing preventable cancer deaths.
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Affiliation(s)
- Denise Brown
- MRC/CSO Social and Public Health Sciences Unit, University of Glasgow, G3 7HR, UK.
| | - David I Conway
- School of Medicine, Dentistry and Nursing, University of Glasgow, G2 3JZ, UK.
| | - Alex D McMahon
- School of Medicine, Dentistry and Nursing, University of Glasgow, G2 3JZ, UK.
| | - Ruth Dundas
- MRC/CSO Social and Public Health Sciences Unit, University of Glasgow, G3 7HR, UK.
| | - Alastair H Leyland
- MRC/CSO Social and Public Health Sciences Unit, University of Glasgow, G3 7HR, UK.
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Allik M, Brown D, Taylor Browne Lūka C, Macintyre C, Leyland AH, Henderson M. Cohort profile: The 'Children's Health in Care in Scotland' (CHiCS) study-a longitudinal dataset to compare health outcomes for care experienced children and general population children. BMJ Open 2021; 11:e054664. [PMID: 34521682 PMCID: PMC8442099 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2021-054664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The Children's Health in Care in Scotland Cohorts were set up to provide first population-wide evidence on the health outcomes of care experienced children (CEC) compared with children in the general population (CGP). To date, there are no data on how objective health outcomes, mortality and pregnancies for CEC are different from CGP in Scotland. PARTICIPANTS The CEC cohort includes school-aged children who were on the 2009/2010 Scottish Government's Children Looked After Statistics (CLAS) return and on the 2009 Pupil Census (PC). The children in the general population cohort includes those who were on the 2009 PC and not on any of the CLAS returns between 1 April 2007 and 31 July 2016. FINDINGS TO DATE Data on a variety of health outcomes, including mortality, prescriptions, hospitalisations, pregnancies, and Accident & Emergency attendances, were obtained for the period 1 August 2009 to 31 July 2016 for both cohorts. Data on socioeconomic status (SES) for both cohorts were available from the Birth Registrations and a small area deprivation measure was available from the PC. CEC have, on average, lower SES at birth and live in areas of higher deprivation compared with CGP. A higher proportion of CEC have recorded events across all health data sets, and they experienced higher average rates of mortality, prescriptions and hospitalisations during the study period. The reasons for contacting health services vary between cohorts. FUTURE PLANS Age-standardised rates for the two cohorts by sex and area deprivation will be calculated to provide evidence on population-wide prevalence of main causes of death, reasons for hospitalisation and types of prescription. Event history analysis will be used on matched cohorts to investigate the impact of placement histories and socioeconomic factors on health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mirjam Allik
- MRC/CSO Social and Public Health Sciences Unit, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Denise Brown
- MRC/CSO Social and Public Health Sciences Unit, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | | | | | - Alastair H Leyland
- MRC/CSO Social and Public Health Sciences Unit, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Marion Henderson
- School of Social Work & Social Policy, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, UK
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Abazov VM, Abbott B, Acharya BS, Adams M, Adams T, Agnew JP, Alexeev GD, Alkhazov G, Alton A, Alves GA, Antchev G, Askew A, Aspell P, Assis Jesus ACS, Atanassov I, Atkins S, Augsten K, Aushev V, Aushev Y, Avati V, Avila C, Badaud F, Baechler J, Bagby L, Baldenegro Barrera C, Baldin B, Bandurin DV, Banerjee S, Barberis E, Baringer P, Barreto J, Bartlett JF, Bassler U, Bazterra V, Bean A, Begalli M, Bellantoni L, Berardi V, Beri SB, Bernardi G, Bernhard R, Berretti M, Bertram I, Besançon M, Beuselinck R, Bhat PC, Bhatia S, Bhatnagar V, Blazey G, Blessing S, Bloom K, Boehnlein A, Boline D, Boos EE, Borchsh V, Borissov G, Borysova M, Bossini E, Bottigli U, Bozzo M, Brandt A, Brandt O, Brochmann M, Brock R, Bross A, Brown D, Bu XB, Buehler M, Buescher V, Bunichev V, Burdin S, Burkhardt H, Buszello CP, Cafagna FS, Camacho-Pérez E, Carvalho W, Casey BCK, Castilla-Valdez H, Catanesi MG, Caughron S, Chakrabarti S, Chan KM, Chandra A, Chapon E, Chen G, Cho SW, Choi S, Choudhary B, Cihangir S, Claes D, Clutter J, Cooke M, Cooper WE, Corcoran M, Couderc F, Cousinou MC, Csanád M, Csörgő T, Cuth J, Cutts D, da Motta H, Das A, Davies G, Deile M, de Jong SJ, De La Cruz-Burelo E, De Leonardis F, Déliot F, Demina R, Denisov D, Denisov SP, De Oliveira Martins C, Desai S, Deterre C, DeVaughan K, Diehl HT, Diesburg M, Ding PF, Dominguez A, Doubek M, Drutskoy A, Druzhkin D, Dubey A, Dudko LV, Duperrin A, Dutt S, Eads M, Edmunds D, Eggert K, Ellison J, Elvira VD, Enari Y, Eremin V, Evans H, Evdokimov A, Evdokimov VN, Fauré A, Feng L, Ferbel T, Ferro F, Fiedler F, Fiergolski A, Filthaut F, Fisher W, Fisk HE, Forthomme L, Fortner M, Fox H, Franc J, Fuess S, Garbincius PH, Garcia F, Garcia-Bellido A, García-González JA, Gavrilov V, Geng W, Georgiev V, Gerber CE, Gershtein Y, Giani S, Ginther G, Gogota O, Golovanov G, Grannis PD, Greder S, Greenlee H, Grenier G, Gris P, Grivaz JF, Grohsjean A, Grünendahl S, Grünewald MW, Grzanka L, Guillemin T, Gutierrez G, Gutierrez P, Haley J, Hammerbauer J, Han L, Harder K, Harel A, Hauptman JM, Hays J, Head T, Hebbeker T, Hedin D, Hegab H, Heinson AP, Heintz U, Hensel C, Heredia-De La Cruz I, Herner K, Hesketh G, Hildreth MD, Hirosky R, Hoang T, Hobbs JD, Hoeneisen B, Hogan J, Hohlfeld M, Holzbauer JL, Howley I, Hubacek Z, Hynek V, Iashvili I, Ilchenko Y, Illingworth R, Isidori T, Ito AS, Ivanchenko V, Jabeen S, Jaffré M, Janda M, Jayasinghe A, Jeong MS, Jesik R, Jiang P, Johns K, Johnson E, Johnson M, Jonckheere A, Jonsson P, Joshi J, Jung AW, Juste A, Kajfasz E, Karev A, Karmanov D, Kašpar J, Katsanos I, Kaur M, Kaynak B, Kehoe R, Kermiche S, Khalatyan N, Khanov A, Kharchilava A, Kharzheev YN, Kiselevich I, Kohli JM, Kopal J, Kozelov AV, Kraus J, Kumar A, Kundrát V, Kupco A, Kurča T, Kuzmin VA, Lami S, Lammers S, Latino G, Lebrun P, Lee HS, Lee SW, Lee WM, Le X, Lellouch J, Li D, Li H, Li L, Li QZ, Lim JK, Lincoln D, Lindsey C, Linhart R, Linnemann J, Lipaev VV, Lipton R, Liu H, Liu Y, Lobodenko A, Lokajicek M, Lokajíček MV, Lopes 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Watts G, Wayne M, Weichert J, Welti J, Welty-Rieger L, Williams J, Williams MRJ, Wilson GW, Wobisch M, Wood DR, Wyatt TR, Xie Y, Yamada R, Yang S, Yasuda T, Yatsunenko YA, Ye W, Ye Z, Yin H, Yip K, Youn SW, Yu JM, Zennamo J, Zhao TG, Zhou B, Zhu J, Zich J, Zielinski K, Zielinski M, Zieminska D, Zivkovic L. Odderon Exchange from Elastic Scattering Differences between pp and pp[over ¯] Data at 1.96 TeV and from pp Forward Scattering Measurements. Phys Rev Lett 2021; 127:062003. [PMID: 34420329 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.127.062003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2020] [Revised: 02/19/2021] [Accepted: 06/10/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
We describe an analysis comparing the pp[over ¯] elastic cross section as measured by the D0 Collaboration at a center-of-mass energy of 1.96 TeV to that in pp collisions as measured by the TOTEM Collaboration at 2.76, 7, 8, and 13 TeV using a model-independent approach. The TOTEM cross sections, extrapolated to a center-of-mass energy of sqrt[s]=1.96 TeV, are compared with the D0 measurement in the region of the diffractive minimum and the second maximum of the pp cross section. The two data sets disagree at the 3.4σ level and thus provide evidence for the t-channel exchange of a colorless, C-odd gluonic compound, also known as the odderon. We combine these results with a TOTEM analysis of the same C-odd exchange based on the total cross section and the ratio of the real to imaginary parts of the forward elastic strong interaction scattering amplitude in pp scattering for which the significance is between 3.4σ and 4.6σ. The combined significance is larger than 5σ and is interpreted as the first observation of the exchange of a colorless, C-odd gluonic compound.
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Affiliation(s)
- V M Abazov
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141980, Russia
| | - B Abbott
- University of Oklahoma, Norman, Oklahoma 73019, USA
| | - B S Acharya
- Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Mumbai-400 005, India
| | - M Adams
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607, USA
| | - T Adams
- Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32306, USA
| | - J P Agnew
- The University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, United Kingdom
| | - G D Alexeev
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141980, Russia
| | - G Alkhazov
- Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, St. Petersburg 188300, Russia
| | - A Alton
- University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
| | - G A Alves
- LAFEX, Centro Brasileiro de Pesquisas Físicas, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 22290, Brazil
| | - G Antchev
- INRNE-BAS, Institute for Nuclear Research and Nuclear Energy, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 1784 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - A Askew
- Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32306, USA
| | - P Aspell
- CERN, 1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland
| | - A C S Assis Jesus
- Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 20550, Brazil
| | - I Atanassov
- INRNE-BAS, Institute for Nuclear Research and Nuclear Energy, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 1784 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - S Atkins
- Louisiana Tech University, Ruston, Louisiana 71272, USA
| | - K Augsten
- Czech Technical University in Prague, 116 36 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - V Aushev
- Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kiev 01601, Ukraine
| | - Y Aushev
- Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kiev 01601, Ukraine
| | - V Avati
- AGH University of Science and Technology, 30-059 Krakow, Poland
- CERN, 1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland
| | - C Avila
- Universidad de los Andes, Bogotá 111711, Colombia
| | - F Badaud
- LPC, Université Blaise Pascal, CNRS/IN2P3, Clermont, F-63178 Aubière Cedex, France
| | | | - L Bagby
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, Illinois 60510, USA
| | | | - B Baldin
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, Illinois 60510, USA
| | - D V Bandurin
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, USA
| | - S Banerjee
- Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Mumbai-400 005, India
| | - E Barberis
- Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
| | - P Baringer
- University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66045, USA
| | - J Barreto
- Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 20550, Brazil
| | - J F Bartlett
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, Illinois 60510, USA
| | - U Bassler
- IRFU, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91191 Gif-Sur-Yvette, France
| | - V Bazterra
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607, USA
| | - A Bean
- University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66045, USA
| | - M Begalli
- Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 20550, Brazil
| | - L Bellantoni
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, Illinois 60510, USA
| | - V Berardi
- INFN Sezione di Bari, 70126 Bari, Italy
- Dipartimento Interateneo di Fisica di Bari, 70126 Bari, Italy
| | - S B Beri
- Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - G Bernardi
- LPNHE, Universités Paris VI and VII, CNRS/IN2P3, F-75005 Paris, France
| | - R Bernhard
- Physikalisches Institut, Universität Freiburg, 79085 Freiburg, Germany
| | - M Berretti
- Helsinki Institute of Physics, 00014 University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - I Bertram
- Lancaster University, Lancaster LA1 4YB, United Kingdom
| | - M Besançon
- IRFU, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91191 Gif-Sur-Yvette, France
| | - R Beuselinck
- Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - P C Bhat
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, Illinois 60510, USA
| | - S Bhatia
- University of Mississippi, University, Mississippi 38677, USA
| | | | - G Blazey
- Northern Illinois University, DeKalb, Illinois 60115, USA
| | - S Blessing
- Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32306, USA
| | - K Bloom
- University of Nebraska, Lincoln, Nebraska 68588, USA
| | - A Boehnlein
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, Illinois 60510, USA
| | - D Boline
- State University of New York, Stony Brook, New York 11794, USA
| | - E E Boos
- Moscow State University, Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - V Borchsh
- Tomsk State University, Tomsk 634050, Russia
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- Lancaster University, Lancaster LA1 4YB, United Kingdom
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- Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kiev 01601, Ukraine
| | - E Bossini
- Università degli Studi di Siena and Gruppo Collegato INFN di Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy
- CERN, 1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland
| | - U Bottigli
- Università degli Studi di Siena and Gruppo Collegato INFN di Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - M Bozzo
- INFN Sezione di Genova, 16146 Genova, Italy
- Università degli Studi di Genova, 16146 Genova, Italy
| | - A Brandt
- University of Texas, Arlington, Texas 76019, USA
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- II. Physikalisches Institut, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, 37073 Göttingen, Germany
| | - M Brochmann
- University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA
| | - R Brock
- Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
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- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, Illinois 60510, USA
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- LPNHE, Universités Paris VI and VII, CNRS/IN2P3, F-75005 Paris, France
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- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, Illinois 60510, USA
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- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, Illinois 60510, USA
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- Institut für Physik, Universität Mainz, 55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - V Bunichev
- Moscow State University, Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - S Burdin
- Lancaster University, Lancaster LA1 4YB, United Kingdom
| | | | | | | | | | - W Carvalho
- Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 20550, Brazil
| | - B C K Casey
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, Illinois 60510, USA
| | | | | | - S Caughron
- Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| | - S Chakrabarti
- State University of New York, Stony Brook, New York 11794, USA
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- University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, USA
| | - A Chandra
- Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, USA
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- IRFU, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91191 Gif-Sur-Yvette, France
| | - G Chen
- University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66045, USA
| | - S W Cho
- Korea Detector Laboratory, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea
| | - S Choi
- Korea Detector Laboratory, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea
| | | | - S Cihangir
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, Illinois 60510, USA
| | - D Claes
- University of Nebraska, Lincoln, Nebraska 68588, USA
| | - J Clutter
- University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66045, USA
| | - M Cooke
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, Illinois 60510, USA
| | - W E Cooper
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, Illinois 60510, USA
| | - M Corcoran
- Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, USA
| | - F Couderc
- IRFU, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91191 Gif-Sur-Yvette, France
| | - M-C Cousinou
- CPPM, Aix-Marseille Université, CNRS/IN2P3, F-13288 Marseille Cedex 09, France
| | - M Csanád
- Eötvös University, 1117 Budapest, Pázmány P. sétány 1/A, Hungary
- Wigner Research Centre for Physics, RMI, 1121 Budapest, Hungary
| | - T Csörgő
- Wigner Research Centre for Physics, RMI, 1121 Budapest, Hungary
- MATE Institute of Technology KRC, 3200 Gyöngyös, Hungary
| | - J Cuth
- Institut für Physik, Universität Mainz, 55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - D Cutts
- Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island 02912, USA
| | - H da Motta
- Southern Methodist University, Dallas, Texas 75275, USA
| | - A Das
- Southern Methodist University, Dallas, Texas 75275, USA
| | - G Davies
- Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - M Deile
- CERN, 1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland
| | - S J de Jong
- Nikhef, Science Park, 1098 XG Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Radboud University Nijmegen, 6525 AJ Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | | | - F De Leonardis
- INFN Sezione di Bari, 70126 Bari, Italy
- Dipartimento di Ingegneria Elettrica e dell'Informazione-Politecnico di Bari, 70125 Bari, Italy
| | - F Déliot
- IRFU, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91191 Gif-Sur-Yvette, France
| | - R Demina
- University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14627, USA
| | - D Denisov
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - S P Denisov
- Institute for High Energy Physics, Protvino, Moscow region 142281, Russia
| | | | - S Desai
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, Illinois 60510, USA
| | - C Deterre
- The University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, United Kingdom
| | - K DeVaughan
- University of Nebraska, Lincoln, Nebraska 68588, USA
| | - H T Diehl
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, Illinois 60510, USA
| | - M Diesburg
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, Illinois 60510, USA
| | - P F Ding
- The University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, United Kingdom
| | - A Dominguez
- University of Nebraska, Lincoln, Nebraska 68588, USA
| | - M Doubek
- Czech Technical University in Prague, 116 36 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - A Drutskoy
- Institute for Theoretical and Experimental Physics, Moscow 117259, Russia
| | - D Druzhkin
- Tomsk State University, Tomsk 634050, Russia
- CERN, 1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland
| | - A Dubey
- Delhi University, Delhi-110 007, India
| | - L V Dudko
- Moscow State University, Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - A Duperrin
- CPPM, Aix-Marseille Université, CNRS/IN2P3, F-13288 Marseille Cedex 09, France
| | - S Dutt
- Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - M Eads
- Northern Illinois University, DeKalb, Illinois 60115, USA
| | - D Edmunds
- Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| | - K Eggert
- Case Western Reserve University, Department of Physics, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, USA
| | - J Ellison
- University of California Riverside, Riverside, California 92521, USA
| | - V D Elvira
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, Illinois 60510, USA
| | - Y Enari
- LPNHE, Universités Paris VI and VII, CNRS/IN2P3, F-75005 Paris, France
| | - V Eremin
- Ioffe Physical-Technical Institute of Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg 194021, Russian Federation
| | - H Evans
- Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47405, USA
| | - A Evdokimov
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607, USA
| | - V N Evdokimov
- Institute for High Energy Physics, Protvino, Moscow region 142281, Russia
| | - A Fauré
- IRFU, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91191 Gif-Sur-Yvette, France
| | - L Feng
- Northern Illinois University, DeKalb, Illinois 60115, USA
| | - T Ferbel
- University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14627, USA
| | - F Ferro
- INFN Sezione di Genova, 16146 Genova, Italy
| | - F Fiedler
- Institut für Physik, Universität Mainz, 55099 Mainz, Germany
| | | | - F Filthaut
- Nikhef, Science Park, 1098 XG Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Radboud University Nijmegen, 6525 AJ Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - W Fisher
- Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| | - H E Fisk
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, Illinois 60510, USA
| | - L Forthomme
- Helsinki Institute of Physics, 00014 University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Physics, 00014 University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - M Fortner
- Northern Illinois University, DeKalb, Illinois 60115, USA
| | - H Fox
- Lancaster University, Lancaster LA1 4YB, United Kingdom
| | - J Franc
- Czech Technical University in Prague, 116 36 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - S Fuess
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, Illinois 60510, USA
| | - P H Garbincius
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, Illinois 60510, USA
| | - F Garcia
- Helsinki Institute of Physics, 00014 University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | | | | | - V Gavrilov
- Institute for Theoretical and Experimental Physics, Moscow 117259, Russia
| | - W Geng
- CPPM, Aix-Marseille Université, CNRS/IN2P3, F-13288 Marseille Cedex 09, France
- Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| | - V Georgiev
- University of West Bohemia, 301 00 Pilsen, Czech Republic
| | - C E Gerber
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607, USA
| | - Y Gershtein
- Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey 08855, USA
| | - S Giani
- CERN, 1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland
| | - G Ginther
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, Illinois 60510, USA
| | - O Gogota
- Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kiev 01601, Ukraine
| | - G Golovanov
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141980, Russia
| | - P D Grannis
- State University of New York, Stony Brook, New York 11794, USA
| | - S Greder
- IPHC, Université de Strasbourg, CNRS/IN2P3, F-67037 Strasbourg, France
| | - H Greenlee
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, Illinois 60510, USA
| | - G Grenier
- IPNL, Université Lyon 1, CNRS/IN2P3, F-69622 Villeurbanne Cedex, France and Université de Lyon, F-69361 Lyon CEDEX 07, France
| | - Ph Gris
- LPC, Université Blaise Pascal, CNRS/IN2P3, Clermont, F-63178 Aubière Cedex, France
| | - J-F Grivaz
- LAL, Univ. Paris-Sud, CNRS/IN2P3, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91898 Orsay Cedex, France
| | - A Grohsjean
- IRFU, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91191 Gif-Sur-Yvette, France
| | - S Grünendahl
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, Illinois 60510, USA
| | | | - L Grzanka
- AGH University of Science and Technology, 30-059 Krakow, Poland
| | - T Guillemin
- LAL, Univ. Paris-Sud, CNRS/IN2P3, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91898 Orsay Cedex, France
| | - G Gutierrez
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, Illinois 60510, USA
| | - P Gutierrez
- University of Oklahoma, Norman, Oklahoma 73019, USA
| | - J Haley
- Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, Oklahoma 74078, USA
| | - J Hammerbauer
- University of West Bohemia, 301 00 Pilsen, Czech Republic
| | - L Han
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, People's Republic of China
| | - K Harder
- The University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, United Kingdom
| | - A Harel
- University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14627, USA
| | | | - J Hays
- Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - T Head
- The University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, United Kingdom
| | - T Hebbeker
- III. Physikalisches Institut A, RWTH Aachen University, 52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - D Hedin
- Northern Illinois University, DeKalb, Illinois 60115, USA
| | - H Hegab
- Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, Oklahoma 74078, USA
| | - A P Heinson
- University of California Riverside, Riverside, California 92521, USA
| | - U Heintz
- Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island 02912, USA
| | - C Hensel
- LAFEX, Centro Brasileiro de Pesquisas Físicas, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 22290, Brazil
| | | | - K Herner
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, Illinois 60510, USA
| | - G Hesketh
- The University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, United Kingdom
| | - M D Hildreth
- University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, USA
| | - R Hirosky
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, USA
| | - T Hoang
- Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32306, USA
| | - J D Hobbs
- State University of New York, Stony Brook, New York 11794, USA
| | - B Hoeneisen
- Universidad San Francisco de Quito, Quito 170157, Ecuador
| | - J Hogan
- Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, USA
| | - M Hohlfeld
- Institut für Physik, Universität Mainz, 55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - J L Holzbauer
- University of Mississippi, University, Mississippi 38677, USA
| | - I Howley
- University of Texas, Arlington, Texas 76019, USA
| | - Z Hubacek
- Czech Technical University in Prague, 116 36 Prague 6, Czech Republic
- IRFU, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91191 Gif-Sur-Yvette, France
| | - V Hynek
- Czech Technical University in Prague, 116 36 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - I Iashvili
- State University of New York, Buffalo, New York 14260, USA
| | - Y Ilchenko
- Southern Methodist University, Dallas, Texas 75275, USA
| | - R Illingworth
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, Illinois 60510, USA
| | - T Isidori
- University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66045, USA
| | - A S Ito
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, Illinois 60510, USA
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- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, Illinois 60510, USA
| | - M Jaffré
- LAL, Univ. Paris-Sud, CNRS/IN2P3, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91898 Orsay Cedex, France
| | - M Janda
- Czech Technical University in Prague, 116 36 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - A Jayasinghe
- University of Oklahoma, Norman, Oklahoma 73019, USA
| | - M S Jeong
- Korea Detector Laboratory, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea
| | - R Jesik
- Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - P Jiang
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, People's Republic of China
| | - K Johns
- University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85721, USA
| | - E Johnson
- Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| | - M Johnson
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, Illinois 60510, USA
| | - A Jonckheere
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, Illinois 60510, USA
| | - P Jonsson
- Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - J Joshi
- University of California Riverside, Riverside, California 92521, USA
| | - A W Jung
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, Illinois 60510, USA
| | - A Juste
- Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA) and Institut de Física d'Altes Energies (IFAE), 08193 Bellaterra (Barcelona), Spain
| | - E Kajfasz
- CPPM, Aix-Marseille Université, CNRS/IN2P3, F-13288 Marseille Cedex 09, France
| | - A Karev
- CERN, 1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland
| | - D Karmanov
- Moscow State University, Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - J Kašpar
- Institute of Physics, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, 182 21 Prague, Czech Republic
- CERN, 1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland
| | - I Katsanos
- University of Nebraska, Lincoln, Nebraska 68588, USA
| | - M Kaur
- Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - B Kaynak
- Istanbul University, 34134 Vezneciler, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - R Kehoe
- Southern Methodist University, Dallas, Texas 75275, USA
| | - S Kermiche
- CPPM, Aix-Marseille Université, CNRS/IN2P3, F-13288 Marseille Cedex 09, France
| | - N Khalatyan
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, Illinois 60510, USA
| | - A Khanov
- Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, Oklahoma 74078, USA
| | - A Kharchilava
- State University of New York, Buffalo, New York 14260, USA
| | - Y N Kharzheev
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141980, Russia
| | - I Kiselevich
- Institute for Theoretical and Experimental Physics, Moscow 117259, Russia
| | - J M Kohli
- Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - J Kopal
- CERN, 1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland
| | - A V Kozelov
- Institute for High Energy Physics, Protvino, Moscow region 142281, Russia
| | - J Kraus
- University of Mississippi, University, Mississippi 38677, USA
| | - A Kumar
- State University of New York, Buffalo, New York 14260, USA
| | - V Kundrát
- Institute of Physics, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, 182 21 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - A Kupco
- Institute of Physics, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, 182 21 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - T Kurča
- IPNL, Université Lyon 1, CNRS/IN2P3, F-69622 Villeurbanne Cedex, France and Université de Lyon, F-69361 Lyon CEDEX 07, France
| | - V A Kuzmin
- Moscow State University, Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - S Lami
- INFN Sezione di Pisa, 56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - S Lammers
- Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47405, USA
| | - G Latino
- Università degli Studi di Siena and Gruppo Collegato INFN di Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - P Lebrun
- IPNL, Université Lyon 1, CNRS/IN2P3, F-69622 Villeurbanne Cedex, France and Université de Lyon, F-69361 Lyon CEDEX 07, France
| | - H S Lee
- Korea Detector Laboratory, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea
| | - S W Lee
- Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA
| | - W M Lee
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, Illinois 60510, USA
| | - X Le
- University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85721, USA
| | - J Lellouch
- LPNHE, Universités Paris VI and VII, CNRS/IN2P3, F-75005 Paris, France
| | - D Li
- LPNHE, Universités Paris VI and VII, CNRS/IN2P3, F-75005 Paris, France
| | - H Li
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, USA
| | - L Li
- University of California Riverside, Riverside, California 92521, USA
| | - Q Z Li
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, Illinois 60510, USA
| | - J K Lim
- Korea Detector Laboratory, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea
| | - D Lincoln
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, Illinois 60510, USA
| | - C Lindsey
- University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66045, USA
| | - R Linhart
- University of West Bohemia, 301 00 Pilsen, Czech Republic
| | - J Linnemann
- Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| | - V V Lipaev
- Institute for High Energy Physics, Protvino, Moscow region 142281, Russia
| | - R Lipton
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, Illinois 60510, USA
| | - H Liu
- Southern Methodist University, Dallas, Texas 75275, USA
| | - Y Liu
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, People's Republic of China
| | - A Lobodenko
- Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, St. Petersburg 188300, Russia
| | - M Lokajicek
- Institute of Physics, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, 182 21 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - M V Lokajíček
- Institute of Physics, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, 182 21 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - R Lopes de Sa
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, Illinois 60510, USA
| | - L Losurdo
- Università degli Studi di Siena and Gruppo Collegato INFN di Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | | | | | - A L Lyon
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, Illinois 60510, USA
| | - A K A Maciel
- LAFEX, Centro Brasileiro de Pesquisas Físicas, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 22290, Brazil
| | - M Macrí
- INFN Sezione di Genova, 16146 Genova, Italy
| | - R Madar
- Physikalisches Institut, Universität Freiburg, 79085 Freiburg, Germany
| | | | - M Malawski
- AGH University of Science and Technology, 30-059 Krakow, Poland
| | - H B Malbouisson
- Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 20550, Brazil
| | - S Malik
- University of Nebraska, Lincoln, Nebraska 68588, USA
| | - V L Malyshev
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141980, Russia
| | - J Mansour
- II. Physikalisches Institut, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, 37073 Göttingen, Germany
| | | | - R McCarthy
- State University of New York, Stony Brook, New York 11794, USA
| | - C L McGivern
- The University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, United Kingdom
| | - M M Meijer
- Nikhef, Science Park, 1098 XG Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Radboud University Nijmegen, 6525 AJ Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - A Melnitchouk
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, Illinois 60510, USA
| | - D Menezes
- Northern Illinois University, DeKalb, Illinois 60115, USA
| | - P G Mercadante
- Universidade Federal do ABC, Santo André, SP 09210, Brazil
| | - M Merkin
- Moscow State University, Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - A Meyer
- III. Physikalisches Institut A, RWTH Aachen University, 52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - J Meyer
- II. Physikalisches Institut, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, 37073 Göttingen, Germany
| | - F Miconi
- IPHC, Université de Strasbourg, CNRS/IN2P3, F-67037 Strasbourg, France
| | - N Minafra
- University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66045, USA
| | - S Minutoli
- INFN Sezione di Genova, 16146 Genova, Italy
| | - J Molina
- Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 20550, Brazil
| | - N K Mondal
- Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Mumbai-400 005, India
| | - M Mulhearn
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, USA
| | - L Mundim
- Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 20550, Brazil
| | - T Naaranoja
- Helsinki Institute of Physics, 00014 University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Physics, 00014 University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - E Nagy
- CPPM, Aix-Marseille Université, CNRS/IN2P3, F-13288 Marseille Cedex 09, France
| | - M Narain
- Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island 02912, USA
| | - R Nayyar
- University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85721, USA
| | - H A Neal
- University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
| | - J P Negret
- Universidad de los Andes, Bogotá 111711, Colombia
| | - F Nemes
- Wigner Research Centre for Physics, RMI, 1121 Budapest, Hungary
- CERN, 1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland
| | - P Neustroev
- Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, St. Petersburg 188300, Russia
| | - H T Nguyen
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, USA
| | - H Niewiadomski
- Case Western Reserve University, Department of Physics, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, USA
| | - T Novák
- MATE Institute of Technology KRC, 3200 Gyöngyös, Hungary
| | - T Nunnemann
- Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, 80539 München, Germany
| | - V Oguri
- Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 20550, Brazil
| | | | - F Oljemark
- Helsinki Institute of Physics, 00014 University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Physics, 00014 University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - J Orduna
- Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island 02912, USA
| | - M Oriunno
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford, California 94025, USA
| | - N Osman
- CPPM, Aix-Marseille Université, CNRS/IN2P3, F-13288 Marseille Cedex 09, France
| | - K Österberg
- Helsinki Institute of Physics, 00014 University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Physics, 00014 University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - A Pal
- University of Texas, Arlington, Texas 76019, USA
| | | | - N Parashar
- Purdue University Calumet, Hammond, Indiana 46323, USA
| | - V Parihar
- Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island 02912, USA
| | - S K Park
- Korea Detector Laboratory, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea
| | - R Partridge
- Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island 02912, USA
| | - N Parua
- Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47405, USA
| | - R Pasechnik
- Department of Astronomy and Theoretical Physics, Lund University, SE-223 62 Lund, Sweden
| | - V Passaro
- INFN Sezione di Bari, 70126 Bari, Italy
- Dipartimento di Ingegneria Elettrica e dell'Informazione-Politecnico di Bari, 70125 Bari, Italy
| | - A Patwa
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - B Penning
- Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - M Perfilov
- Moscow State University, Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - Z Peroutka
- University of West Bohemia, 301 00 Pilsen, Czech Republic
| | - Y Peters
- The University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, United Kingdom
| | - K Petridis
- The University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, United Kingdom
| | - G Petrillo
- University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14627, USA
| | - P Pétroff
- LAL, Univ. Paris-Sud, CNRS/IN2P3, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91898 Orsay Cedex, France
| | - M-A Pleier
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - V M Podstavkov
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, Illinois 60510, USA
| | - A V Popov
- Institute for High Energy Physics, Protvino, Moscow region 142281, Russia
| | - W L Prado da Silva
- Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 20550, Brazil
| | - M Prewitt
- Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, USA
| | - D Price
- The University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, United Kingdom
| | - J Procházka
- Institute of Physics, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, 182 21 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - N Prokopenko
- Institute for High Energy Physics, Protvino, Moscow region 142281, Russia
| | - J Qian
- University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
| | - A Quadt
- II. Physikalisches Institut, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, 37073 Göttingen, Germany
| | - B Quinn
- University of Mississippi, University, Mississippi 38677, USA
| | - M Quinto
- INFN Sezione di Bari, 70126 Bari, Italy
- Dipartimento Interateneo di Fisica di Bari, 70126 Bari, Italy
| | - T G Raben
- University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66045, USA
| | | | | | - M Rangel
- LAFEX, Centro Brasileiro de Pesquisas Físicas, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 22290, Brazil
| | - P N Ratoff
- Lancaster University, Lancaster LA1 4YB, United Kingdom
| | | | - I Razumov
- Institute for High Energy Physics, Protvino, Moscow region 142281, Russia
| | - I Ripp-Baudot
- IPHC, Université de Strasbourg, CNRS/IN2P3, F-67037 Strasbourg, France
| | - F Rizatdinova
- Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, Oklahoma 74078, USA
| | - E Robutti
- INFN Sezione di Genova, 16146 Genova, Italy
| | - R F Rodrigues
- Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 20550, Brazil
| | - M Rominsky
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, Illinois 60510, USA
| | - A Ross
- Lancaster University, Lancaster LA1 4YB, United Kingdom
| | - C Royon
- University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66045, USA
| | - P Rubinov
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, Illinois 60510, USA
| | - R Ruchti
- University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, USA
| | | | - H Saarikko
- Helsinki Institute of Physics, 00014 University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Physics, 00014 University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - G Sajot
- LPSC, Université Joseph Fourier Grenoble 1, CNRS/IN2P3, Institut National Polytechnique de Grenoble, F-38026 Grenoble Cedex, France
| | - V D Samoylenko
- Institute for High Energy Physics, Protvino, Moscow region 142281, Russia
| | | | - M P Sanders
- Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, 80539 München, Germany
| | - A Santoro
- Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 20550, Brazil
| | - A S Santos
- LAFEX, Centro Brasileiro de Pesquisas Físicas, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 22290, Brazil
| | - G Savage
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, Illinois 60510, USA
| | - M Savitskyi
- Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kiev 01601, Ukraine
| | - L Sawyer
- Louisiana Tech University, Ruston, Louisiana 71272, USA
| | - T Scanlon
- Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - R D Schamberger
- State University of New York, Stony Brook, New York 11794, USA
| | - Y Scheglov
- Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, St. Petersburg 188300, Russia
| | - H Schellman
- Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, USA
- Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon 97331, USA
| | - M Schott
- Institut für Physik, Universität Mainz, 55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - C Schwanenberger
- The University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, United Kingdom
| | - R Schwienhorst
- Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| | | | - J Sekaric
- University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66045, USA
| | - H Severini
- University of Oklahoma, Norman, Oklahoma 73019, USA
| | - E Shabalina
- II. Physikalisches Institut, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, 37073 Göttingen, Germany
| | - V Shary
- IRFU, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91191 Gif-Sur-Yvette, France
| | - S Shaw
- The University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, United Kingdom
| | - A A Shchukin
- Institute for High Energy Physics, Protvino, Moscow region 142281, Russia
| | - O Shkola
- Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kiev 01601, Ukraine
| | - V Simak
- Czech Technical University in Prague, 116 36 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - J Siroky
- University of West Bohemia, 301 00 Pilsen, Czech Republic
| | - P Skubic
- University of Oklahoma, Norman, Oklahoma 73019, USA
| | - P Slattery
- University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14627, USA
| | - J Smajek
- CERN, 1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland
| | - W Snoeys
- CERN, 1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland
| | - G R Snow
- University of Nebraska, Lincoln, Nebraska 68588, USA
| | - J Snow
- Langston University, Langston, Oklahoma 73050, USA
| | - S Snyder
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | | | - L Sonnenschein
- III. Physikalisches Institut A, RWTH Aachen University, 52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - K Soustruznik
- Charles University, Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, Center for Particle Physics, 116 36 Prague 1, Czech Republic
| | - J Stark
- LPSC, Université Joseph Fourier Grenoble 1, CNRS/IN2P3, Institut National Polytechnique de Grenoble, F-38026 Grenoble Cedex, France
| | - N Stefaniuk
- Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kiev 01601, Ukraine
| | | | - A Ster
- Wigner Research Centre for Physics, RMI, 1121 Budapest, Hungary
| | - D A Stoyanova
- Institute for High Energy Physics, Protvino, Moscow region 142281, Russia
| | - M Strauss
- University of Oklahoma, Norman, Oklahoma 73019, USA
| | - L Suter
- The University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, United Kingdom
| | - P Svoisky
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, USA
| | - I Szanyi
- Eötvös University, 1117 Budapest, Pázmány P. sétány 1/A, Hungary
- Wigner Research Centre for Physics, RMI, 1121 Budapest, Hungary
| | - J Sziklai
- Wigner Research Centre for Physics, RMI, 1121 Budapest, Hungary
| | - C Taylor
- Case Western Reserve University, Department of Physics, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, USA
| | | | - M Titov
- IRFU, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91191 Gif-Sur-Yvette, France
| | - V V Tokmenin
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141980, Russia
| | - Y-T Tsai
- University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14627, USA
| | - D Tsybychev
- State University of New York, Stony Brook, New York 11794, USA
| | - B Tuchming
- IRFU, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91191 Gif-Sur-Yvette, France
| | - C Tully
- Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, USA
| | - N Turini
- Università degli Studi di Siena and Gruppo Collegato INFN di Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - O Urban
- University of West Bohemia, 301 00 Pilsen, Czech Republic
| | - L Uvarov
- Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, St. Petersburg 188300, Russia
| | - S Uvarov
- Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, St. Petersburg 188300, Russia
| | - S Uzunyan
- Northern Illinois University, DeKalb, Illinois 60115, USA
| | - V Vacek
- Czech Technical University in Prague, 116 36 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - R Van Kooten
- Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47405, USA
| | | | - N Varelas
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607, USA
| | - E W Varnes
- University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85721, USA
| | - I A Vasilyev
- Institute for High Energy Physics, Protvino, Moscow region 142281, Russia
| | - O Vavroch
- University of West Bohemia, 301 00 Pilsen, Czech Republic
| | - A Y Verkheev
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141980, Russia
| | | | - M Verzocchi
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, Illinois 60510, USA
| | - M Vesterinen
- The University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, United Kingdom
| | - D Vilanova
- IRFU, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91191 Gif-Sur-Yvette, France
| | - P Vokac
- Czech Technical University in Prague, 116 36 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - H D Wahl
- Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32306, USA
| | - C Wang
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, People's Republic of China
| | - M H L S Wang
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, Illinois 60510, USA
| | - J Warchol
- University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, USA
| | - G Watts
- University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA
| | - M Wayne
- University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, USA
| | - J Weichert
- Institut für Physik, Universität Mainz, 55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - J Welti
- Helsinki Institute of Physics, 00014 University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Physics, 00014 University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | | | - J Williams
- University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66045, USA
| | | | - G W Wilson
- University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66045, USA
| | - M Wobisch
- Louisiana Tech University, Ruston, Louisiana 71272, USA
| | - D R Wood
- Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
| | - T R Wyatt
- The University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, United Kingdom
| | - Y Xie
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, Illinois 60510, USA
| | - R Yamada
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, Illinois 60510, USA
| | - S Yang
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, People's Republic of China
| | - T Yasuda
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, Illinois 60510, USA
| | - Y A Yatsunenko
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141980, Russia
| | - W Ye
- State University of New York, Stony Brook, New York 11794, USA
| | - Z Ye
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, Illinois 60510, USA
| | - H Yin
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, Illinois 60510, USA
| | - K Yip
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - S W Youn
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, Illinois 60510, USA
| | - J M Yu
- University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
| | - J Zennamo
- State University of New York, Buffalo, New York 14260, USA
| | - T G Zhao
- The University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, United Kingdom
| | - B Zhou
- University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
| | - J Zhu
- University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
| | - J Zich
- University of West Bohemia, 301 00 Pilsen, Czech Republic
| | - K Zielinski
- AGH University of Science and Technology, 30-059 Krakow, Poland
| | - M Zielinski
- University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14627, USA
| | - D Zieminska
- Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47405, USA
| | - L Zivkovic
- LPNHE, Universités Paris VI and VII, CNRS/IN2P3, F-75005 Paris, France
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Brown D, Henau HD, Garrigan JT, Gerike P, Holt M, Kunkel E, Matthijs E, Waters J, Watkinson RJ. Removal of Nonionics in Sewage Treatment Plants II / Abbauwerte für Nonionics in Klaranlagen II. TENSIDE SURFACT DET 2021. [DOI: 10.1515/tsd-1987-240108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Frantz S, Matsuoka L, Shahin I, Vaheesan K, Petroziello M, D’Souza D, Golzarian J, Matrana M, Wang E, Gandhi R, Collins Z, Brower J, Du, Kennedy A, Sze D, Lee J, Adeniran O, Wong T, O’Hara R, Fidelman N, Shrestha R, Kouri B, Hennemeyer C, Meek J, Mohan P, Westcott M, Siskin G, Brown D. Abstract No. 115 Demographics and outcomes following Y90 radioembolization of hepatocellular carcinoma at transplant versus non-transplant centers: analysis of the radiation-emitting SIR-spheres in non-resectable liver tumor (RESiN) registry. J Vasc Interv Radiol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jvir.2021.03.121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
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Brown D, Chick J, Johnson G, Ingraham C, Monroe E, Valji K, Shin D. Abstract No. 69 Bifurcated hepatocaval stent reconstruction for treatment of hepatic venous outflow obstruction in orthotopic liver transplantation. J Vasc Interv Radiol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jvir.2021.03.490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
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Hunter-Jones J, Gilliam S, Davis C, Brown D, Green D, Hunter C, Carswell A, Hansen N. Process and Outcome Evaluation of a Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy Intervention for Cisgender and Transgender African American Women Living with HIV/AIDS. AIDS Behav 2021; 25:592-603. [PMID: 32886219 DOI: 10.1007/s10461-020-03017-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
There is a need for evidence-based contextualized mental health interventions for persons living with HIV/AIDS. In the current study, the primary researcher conducted open trials with African American women living with HIV/AIDS (AAWLWHA) to examine the acceptability and feasibility of Project UPLIFT, a mindfulness-based cognitive therapy intervention that has demonstrated effectiveness in persons living with epilepsy. Women were recruited for a tele-delivered phone intervention group separated by gender identity, as well as participated in pre- and post-test assessments. Additionally, data on acceptability was collected. Both cis- and transgender women were highly satisfied with the intervention and demonstrated improvement in depressive and stress symptoms. The intervention seemed to be particularly feasible for cisgender women, though more qualitative mental health research may be warranted with transgender women. The current research has implications for the utility of mindfulness-based interventions such as UPLIFT, with AAWLWHA.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Hunter-Jones
- School of Social Work, University of North Carolina Wilmington, 601 S. College Rd, Wilmington, NC, 28403, USA.
| | - S Gilliam
- College of Public Health, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
| | - C Davis
- School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - D Brown
- College of Public Health, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
| | - D Green
- Counselor Education and Supervision, University of Holy Cross, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - C Hunter
- Student Support Services, Mercer University, Macon, GA, USA
| | | | - N Hansen
- College of Public Health, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
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Degeling C, Williams J, Carter SM, Moss R, Massey P, Gilbert GL, Shih P, Braunack-Mayer A, Crooks K, Brown D, McVernon J. Priority allocation of pandemic influenza vaccines in Australia - Recommendations of 3 community juries. Vaccine 2021; 39:255-262. [PMID: 33317870 PMCID: PMC7733601 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2020.12.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2020] [Revised: 11/26/2020] [Accepted: 12/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pandemic planning has historically been oriented to respond to an influenza virus, with vaccination strategy being a key focus. As the current COVID-19 pandemic plays out, the Australian government is closely monitoring progress towards development of SARS-CoV2 vaccines as a definitive intervention. However, as in any pandemic, initial supply will likely be exceeded by demand due to limited manufacturing output. METHODS We convened community juries in three Australian locations in 2019 to assess public acceptability and perceived legitimacy of influenza pandemic vaccination distribution strategies. Preparatory work included literature reviews on pandemic vaccine allocation strategies and on vaccine allocation ethics, and simulation modelling studies. We assumed vaccine would be provided to predefined priority groups. Jurors were then asked to recommend one of two strategies for distributing remaining early doses of vaccine: directly vaccinate people at higher risk of adverse outcomes from influenza; or indirectly protect the general population by vaccinating primary school students, who are most likely to spread infection. RESULTS Thirty-four participants of diverse backgrounds and ages were recruited through random digit dialling and topic-blinded social media advertising. Juries heard evidence and arguments supporting different vaccine distribution strategies, and questioned expert presenters. All three community juries supported prioritising school children for influenza vaccination (aiming for indirect protection), one by 10-2 majority and two by consensus. Justifications included that indirect protection benefits more people and is likely to be more publicly acceptable. CONCLUSIONS In the context of an influenza pandemic, informed citizens were not opposed to prioritising groups at higher risks of adverse outcomes, but if resources and epidemiological conditions allow, achieving population benefits should be a strategic priority. These insights may inform future SARS-CoV-2 vaccination strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Degeling
- Australian Centre for Health Engagement, Evidence and Values, School of Health & Society, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, Australia.
| | - J Williams
- Sydney Health Ethics, School of Public Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - S M Carter
- Australian Centre for Health Engagement, Evidence and Values, School of Health & Society, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, Australia
| | - R Moss
- Modelling and Simulation Unit, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - P Massey
- Hunter New England Local Health District, Population Health, Wallsend, New South Wales, Australia; College of Medicine and Dentistry, James Cook University, Townsville, Australia
| | - G L Gilbert
- Sydney Health Ethics, School of Public Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia; Marie Bashir Institute for Emerging Infections, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - P Shih
- Australian Centre for Health Engagement, Evidence and Values, School of Health & Society, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, Australia
| | - A Braunack-Mayer
- Australian Centre for Health Engagement, Evidence and Values, School of Health & Society, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, Australia
| | - K Crooks
- Hunter New England Local Health District, Population Health, Wallsend, New South Wales, Australia; Menzies School of Health Research, Charles Darwin University, Casuarina, Darwin, Australia
| | - D Brown
- Modelling and Simulation Unit, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia; Victorian Infectious Diseases Laboratory Epidemiology Unit at The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, The University of Melbourne and Royal Melbourne Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
| | - J McVernon
- Modelling and Simulation Unit, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia; Victorian Infectious Diseases Laboratory Epidemiology Unit at The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, The University of Melbourne and Royal Melbourne Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
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Cohen M, Perl H, Steffen E, Planer B, Kushnir A, Hudome S, Brown D, Myers M. Micro-premature infants in New Jersey show improved mortality and morbidity from 2000-2018. J Neonatal Perinatal Med 2021; 14:583-590. [PMID: 33843700 PMCID: PMC8673536 DOI: 10.3233/npm-200599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2020] [Revised: 02/05/2021] [Accepted: 03/20/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Micro-premature newborns, gestational age (GA) ≤ 25 weeks, have high rates of mortality and morbidity. Literature has shown improving outcomes for extremely low gestational age newborns (ELGANs) GA ≤ 29 weeks, but few studies have addressed outcomes of ELGANs ≤ 25 weeks. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the trends in outcomes for ELGANs born in New Jersey, from 2000 to 2018 and to compare two subgroups: GA 23 to 25 weeks (E1) and GA 26 to 29 weeks (E2). METHODS Thirteen NICUs in NJ submitted de-identified data. Outcomes for mortality and morbidity were calculated. RESULTS Data from 12,707 infants represents the majority of ELGANs born in NJ from 2000 to 2018. There were 3,957 in the E1 group and 8,750 in the E2 group. Mortality decreased significantly in both groups; E1, 43.2% to 30.2% and E2, 7.6% to 4.5% over the 19 years. The decline in E1 was significantly greater than in E2. Most morbidities also showed significant improvement over time in both groups. Survival without morbidity increased from 14.5% to 30.7% in E1s and 47.2% to 69.9% in E2s. Similar findings held for 501-750 and 751-1000g birth weight strata. CONCLUSIONS Significant declines in both mortality and morbidity have occurred in ELGANs over the last two decades. These rates of improvements for the more immature ELGANs of GA 230 to 256 weeks were greater than for the more mature group in several outcomes. While the rates of morbidity and mortality remain high, these results validate current efforts to support the micro-premature newborn.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. Cohen
- Department of Pediatrics, Children’s Hospital of New Jersey, Newark, NJ, USA
| | - H. Perl
- Joseph M. Sanzari Children’s Hospital, HUMC, Hackensack, NJ, USA
| | - E. Steffen
- Department of Pediatrics, Saint Barnabas Medical Center, Livingston, NJ, USA
| | - B. Planer
- Joseph M. Sanzari Children’s Hospital, HUMC, Hackensack, NJ, USA
| | - A. Kushnir
- Department of Pediatrics, Cooper Children’s Regional Hospital, Camden, NJ, USA
| | - S. Hudome
- Unterberg Children’s Hospital at Monmouth M.C., Long Branch, NJ, USA
| | - D. Brown
- Department of Pediatrics, Children’s Hospital of New Jersey, Newark, NJ, USA
| | - M. Myers
- Department of Pediatrics, Children’s Hospital of New Jersey, Newark, NJ, USA
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Allik M, Brown D, Dundas R, Leyland AH. Deaths of despair: cause-specific mortality and socioeconomic inequalities in cause-specific mortality among young men in Scotland. Int J Equity Health 2020; 19:215. [PMID: 33276793 PMCID: PMC7716282 DOI: 10.1186/s12939-020-01329-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2020] [Accepted: 11/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Increasing mortality among men from drugs, alcohol and suicides is a growing public health concern in many countries. Collectively known as “deaths of despair”, they are seen to stem from unprecedented economic pressures and a breakdown in social support structures. Methods We use high-quality population wide Scottish data to calculate directly age-standardized mortality rates for men aged 15–44 between 1980 and 2018 for 15 leading causes of mortality. Absolute and relative inequalities in mortality by cause are calculated using small-area deprivation and the slope and relative indices of inequality (SII and RIIL) for the years 2001–2018. Results Since 1980 there have been only small reductions in mortality among men aged 15–44 in Scotland. In that period drug-related deaths have increased from 1.2 (95% CI 0.7–1.4) to 44.9 (95% CI 42.5–47.4) deaths per 100,000 and are now the leading cause of mortality. Between 2001 and 2018 there have been small reductions in absolute but not in relative inequalities in all-cause mortality. However, absolute inequalities in mortality from drugs have doubled from SII = 66.6 (95% CI 61.5–70.9) in 2001–2003 to SII = 120.0 (95% CI 113.3–126.8) in 2016–2018. Drugs are the main contributor to inequalities in mortality, and together with alcohol harm and suicides make up 65% of absolute inequalities in mortality. Conclusions Contrary to the substantial reductions in mortality across all ages in the past decades, deaths among young men are increasing from preventable causes. Attempts to reduce external causes of mortality have focused on a single cause of death and not been effective in reducing mortality or inequalities in mortality from external causes in the long-run. To reduce deaths of despair, action should be taken to address social determinants of health and reduce socioeconomic inequalities. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12939-020-01329-7.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mirjam Allik
- MRC/CSO Social and Public Health Sciences Unit, University of Glasgow, Berkeley Square, 99 Berkeley Street, Glasgow, G3 7HR, UK.
| | - Denise Brown
- MRC/CSO Social and Public Health Sciences Unit, University of Glasgow, Berkeley Square, 99 Berkeley Street, Glasgow, G3 7HR, UK
| | - Ruth Dundas
- MRC/CSO Social and Public Health Sciences Unit, University of Glasgow, Berkeley Square, 99 Berkeley Street, Glasgow, G3 7HR, UK
| | - Alastair H Leyland
- MRC/CSO Social and Public Health Sciences Unit, University of Glasgow, Berkeley Square, 99 Berkeley Street, Glasgow, G3 7HR, UK
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Brown D, Oldfield L, Zhang Y, Scheuermann R. Contemporary circulating enterovirus D68 strains have acquired the capacity for viral entry and replication in human neuronal cells. Int J Infect Dis 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2020.11.068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
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Ehmen C, Medialdea-Carrera R, Brown D, de Filippis AMB, de Sequeira PC, Nogueira RMR, Brasil P, Calvet GA, Blessmann J, Mallmann AM, Sievertsen J, Rackow A, Schmidt-Chanasit J, Emmerich P, Schmitz H, Deschermeier C, Mika A. Accurate detection of Zika virus IgG using a novel immune complex binding ELISA. Trop Med Int Health 2020; 26:89-101. [PMID: 33012038 DOI: 10.1111/tmi.13505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Accurate serological assays are urgently needed to support public health responses to Zika virus (ZIKV) infection with its potential to cause foetal damage during pregnancy. Current flavivirus serology for ZIKV infections lacks specificity due to cross-reacting antibodies from closely related other flaviviruses. In this study, we evaluated novel serological tests for accurate ZIKV IgG detection. METHODS Our ELISAs are based on immune complex binding. The high specificity is achieved by the simultaneous incubation of labelled ZIKV antigen and unlabelled flavivirus homolog protein competitors. Two assays were validated with a panel of 406 human samples from PCR-confirmed ZIKV patients collected in Brazil (n = 154), healthy blood donors and other infections from Brazil, Europe, Canada and Colombia (n = 252). RESULTS The highest specificity (100% [252/252, 95% confidence interval (CI) 98.5-100.0]) was shown by the ZIKV ED3 ICB ELISA using the ED3 antigen of the ZIKV envelope. A similar test using the NS1 antigen (ZIKV NS1 ICB ELISA) was slightly less specific (92.1% [232/252, 95% CI 88.0-95.1]). The commercial Euroimmun ZIKV ELISA had a specificity of only 82.1% (207/252, 95% CI 76.8-86.7). Sensitivity was high (93-100%) from day 12 after onset of symptoms in all three tests. Seroprevalence of ZIKV IgG was analysed in 87 samples from Laos (Asia) confirming that the ED3 ELISA showed specific reactions in other populations. CONCLUSIONS The novel ED3 ICB ELISA will be useful for ZIKV-specific IgG detection for seroepidemiological studies and serological diagnosis for case management in travellers and in countries where other flavivirus infections are co-circulating.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Ehmen
- Diagnostics Development Laboratory, Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, Germany
| | - R Medialdea-Carrera
- Health Protection Research Unit in Emerging and Zoonotic Infections, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - D Brown
- Flavivirus Reference Laboratory, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | | | - R M Ribeiro Nogueira
- Flavivirus Reference Laboratory, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - P Brasil
- Acute Febrile Illnesses Laboratory, Evandro Chagas National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - G A Calvet
- Acute Febrile Illnesses Laboratory, Evandro Chagas National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - J Blessmann
- Department for Infectious Disease Epidemiology, Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, Germany
| | - A-M Mallmann
- Diagnostics Development Laboratory, Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, Germany
| | - J Sievertsen
- Diagnostics Development Laboratory, Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, Germany
| | - A Rackow
- Diagnostics Development Laboratory, Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, Germany
| | - J Schmidt-Chanasit
- Department for Virology, Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, Germany
| | - P Emmerich
- Department for Virology, Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, Germany.,Department of Tropical Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Center of Internal Medicine II, University of Rostock, Rostock, Germany
| | - H Schmitz
- Department for Virology, Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, Germany
| | - C Deschermeier
- Diagnostics Development Laboratory, Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, Germany
| | - A Mika
- Diagnostics Development Laboratory, Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, Germany
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Brown D, Negris O, Warren C, Herbert L, Bozen A, Assa'ad A, Mahdavinia M, Tobin M, Sharma H, Gupta R. A043 FOOD ALLERGY-RELATED BULLYING AND SCHOOL POLICY AMONG BLACK AND WHITE CHILDREN IN THE FORWARD STUDY. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anai.2020.08.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Brown D, Allik M, Dundas R, Leyland AH. All-cause and cause-specific mortality in Scotland 1981-2011 by age, sex and deprivation: a population-based study. Eur J Public Health 2020; 29:647-655. [PMID: 31220246 PMCID: PMC6660111 DOI: 10.1093/eurpub/ckz010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Average life expectancy has stopped increasing for many countries. This has been attributed to causes such as influenza, austerity policies and deaths of despair (drugs, alcohol and suicide). Less is known on the inequality of life expectancy over time using reliable, whole population, data. This work examines all-cause and cause-specific mortality rates in Scotland to assess the patterning of relative and absolute inequalities across three decades. Methods Using routinely collected Scottish mortality and population records we calculate directly age-standardized mortality rates by age group, sex and deprivation fifths for all-cause and cause-specific deaths around each census 1981–2011. Results All-cause mortality rates in the most deprived areas in 2011 (472 per 100 000 population) remained higher than in the least deprived in 1981 (422 per 100 000 population). For those aged 0–64, deaths from circulatory causes more than halved between 1981 and 2011 and cancer mortality decreased by a third (with greater relative declines in the least deprived areas). Over the same period, alcohol- and drug-related causes and male suicide increased (with greater absolute and relative increases in more deprived areas). There was also a significant increase in deaths from dementia and Alzheimer’s disease for those aged 75+. Conclusions Despite reductions in mortality, relative (but not absolute) inequalities widened between 1981 and 2011 for all-cause mortality and for several causes of death. Reducing relative inequalities in Scotland requires faster mortality declines in deprived areas while countering increases in mortality from causes such as drug- and alcohol-related harm and male suicide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Denise Brown
- MRC/CSO Social and Public Health Sciences Unit, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Mirjam Allik
- MRC/CSO Social and Public Health Sciences Unit, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Ruth Dundas
- MRC/CSO Social and Public Health Sciences Unit, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Alastair H Leyland
- MRC/CSO Social and Public Health Sciences Unit, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
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Ashley C, Brown D, Lakhman Y, Nincevic J, Stylianou A, Wu M, Selenica P, Patel J, Berger M, Leitao M, Sonoda Y, Jewell E, Reis-Filho J, Abu-Rustum N, Aghajanian C, Cadoo K, Weigelt B. Mutation detection in cell-free DNA using ultra-high depth sequencing in prospectively collected newly diagnosed endometrial cancer patients. Gynecol Oncol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ygyno.2020.06.079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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48
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Moukarzel L, Ferrando L, Paula A, Brown D, Geyer F, Pareja F, Piscuoglio S, Papanastasiou A, Fusco N, Marchio C, Abu-Rustum N, Murali R, Brogi E, Wen H, Norton L, Soslow R, Vincent-Salomon A, Reis-Filho J, Weigelt B. Uterine carcinosarcomas and metaplastic breast carcinomas: Genetically related cancers? Gynecol Oncol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ygyno.2020.05.587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Samuels-Kalow M, Dorner S, Cash R, Dutta S, White B, Ciccolo G, Brown D, Camargo C. 104 Associations between Neighborhood Disadvantage Measures and COVID-19 Case Clusters. Ann Emerg Med 2020. [PMCID: PMC7598564 DOI: 10.1016/j.annemergmed.2020.09.115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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50
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Mendelsohn AC, Sanmarco LM, Spallanzani RG, Brown D, Quintana FJ, Breton S, Battistone MA. From initial segment to cauda: a regional characterization of mouse epididymal CD11c + mononuclear phagocytes based on immune phenotype and function. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2020; 319:C997-C1010. [PMID: 32991210 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00392.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Successful sperm maturation and storage rely on a unique immunological balance that protects the male reproductive organs from invading pathogens and spermatozoa from a destructive autoimmune response. We previously characterized one subset of mononuclear phagocytes (MPs) in the murine epididymis, CX3CR1+ cells, emphasizing their different functional properties. This population partially overlaps with another subset of understudied heterogeneous MPs, the CD11c+ cells. In the present study, we analyzed the CD11c+ MPs for their immune phenotype, morphology, and antigen capturing and presenting abilities. Epididymides from CD11c-EYFP mice, which express enhanced yellow fluorescent protein (EYFP) in CD11c+ MPs, were divided into initial segment (IS), caput/corpus, and cauda regions. Flow cytometry analysis showed that CD11c+ MPs with a macrophage phenotype (CD64+ and F4/80+) were the most abundant in the IS, whereas those with a dendritic cell signature [CD64- major histocompatibility complex class II (MHCII)+] were more frequent in the cauda. Immunofluorescence revealed morphological and phenotypic differences between CD11c+ MPs in the regions examined. To assess the ability of CD11c+ cells to take up antigens, CD11c-EYFP mice were injected intravenously with ovalbumin. In the IS, MPs expressing macrophage markers were most active in taking up the antigens. A functional antigen-presenting coculture study was performed, whereby CD4+ T cells were activated after ovalbumin presentation by CD11c+ epididymal MPs. The results demonstrated that CD11c+ MPs in all regions were capable of capturing and presenting antigens. Together, this study defines a marked regional variation in epididymal antigen-presenting cells that could help us understand fertility and contraception but also has larger implications in inflammation and disease pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- A C Mendelsohn
- Program in Membrane Biology, Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - L M Sanmarco
- Ann Romney Center for Neurological Diseases, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - R G Spallanzani
- Department of Immunology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - D Brown
- Program in Membrane Biology, Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - F J Quintana
- Ann Romney Center for Neurological Diseases, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.,Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - S Breton
- Program in Membrane Biology, Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.,Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproduction, Université Laval, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec Research Center, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada
| | - M A Battistone
- Program in Membrane Biology, Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
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