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Jin K, Yao Z, van Velthoven CTJ, Kaplan ES, Glattfelder K, Barlow ST, Boyer G, Carey D, Casper T, Chakka AB, Chakrabarty R, Clark M, Departee M, Desierto M, Gary A, Gloe J, Goldy J, Guilford N, Guzman J, Hirschstein D, Lee C, Liang E, Pham T, Reding M, Ronellenfitch K, Ruiz A, Sevigny J, Shapovalova N, Shulga L, Sulc J, Torkelson A, Tung H, Levi B, Sunkin SM, Dee N, Esposito L, Smith K, Tasic B, Zeng H. Cell-type specific molecular signatures of aging revealed in a brain-wide transcriptomic cell-type atlas. bioRxiv 2023:2023.07.26.550355. [PMID: 38168182 PMCID: PMC10760145 DOI: 10.1101/2023.07.26.550355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
Biological aging can be defined as a gradual loss of homeostasis across various aspects of molecular and cellular function. Aging is a complex and dynamic process which influences distinct cell types in a myriad of ways. The cellular architecture of the mammalian brain is heterogeneous and diverse, making it challenging to identify precise areas and cell types of the brain that are more susceptible to aging than others. Here, we present a high-resolution single-cell RNA sequencing dataset containing ~1.2 million high-quality single-cell transcriptomic profiles of brain cells from young adult and aged mice across both sexes, including areas spanning the forebrain, midbrain, and hindbrain. We find age-associated gene expression signatures across nearly all 130+ neuronal and non-neuronal cell subclasses we identified. We detect the greatest gene expression changes in non-neuronal cell types, suggesting that different cell types in the brain vary in their susceptibility to aging. We identify specific, age-enriched clusters within specific glial, vascular, and immune cell types from both cortical and subcortical regions of the brain, and specific gene expression changes associated with cell senescence, inflammation, decrease in new myelination, and decreased vasculature integrity. We also identify genes with expression changes across multiple cell subclasses, pointing to certain mechanisms of aging that may occur across wide regions or broad cell types of the brain. Finally, we discover the greatest gene expression changes in cell types localized to the third ventricle of the hypothalamus, including tanycytes, ependymal cells, and Tbx3+ neurons found in the arcuate nucleus that are part of the neuronal circuits regulating food intake and energy homeostasis. These findings suggest that the area surrounding the third ventricle in the hypothalamus may be a hub for aging in the mouse brain. Overall, we reveal a dynamic landscape of cell-type-specific transcriptomic changes in the brain associated with normal aging that will serve as a foundation for the investigation of functional changes in the aging process and the interaction of aging and diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelly Jin
- Allen Institute for Brain Science, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Zizhen Yao
- Allen Institute for Brain Science, Seattle, WA, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Daniel Carey
- Allen Institute for Brain Science, Seattle, WA, USA
| | | | | | | | | | - Max Departee
- Allen Institute for Brain Science, Seattle, WA, USA
| | | | - Amanda Gary
- Allen Institute for Brain Science, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Jessica Gloe
- Allen Institute for Brain Science, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Jeff Goldy
- Allen Institute for Brain Science, Seattle, WA, USA
| | | | | | | | - Changkyu Lee
- Allen Institute for Brain Science, Seattle, WA, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Josh Sevigny
- Allen Institute for Brain Science, Seattle, WA, USA
| | | | | | - Josef Sulc
- Allen Institute for Brain Science, Seattle, WA, USA
| | | | - Herman Tung
- Allen Institute for Brain Science, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Boaz Levi
- Allen Institute for Brain Science, Seattle, WA, USA
| | | | - Nick Dee
- Allen Institute for Brain Science, Seattle, WA, USA
| | | | | | | | - Hongkui Zeng
- Allen Institute for Brain Science, Seattle, WA, USA
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2
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Wyrick DG, Cain N, Larsen RS, Lecoq J, Valley M, Ahmed R, Bowlus J, Boyer G, Caldejon S, Casal L, Chvilicek M, DePartee M, Groblewski PA, Huang C, Johnson K, Kato I, Larkin J, Lee E, Liang E, Luviano J, Mace K, Nayan C, Nguyen T, Reding M, Seid S, Sevigny J, Stoecklin M, Williford A, Choi H, Garrett M, Mazzucato L. Differential encoding of temporal context and expectation under representational drift across hierarchically connected areas. bioRxiv 2023:2023.06.02.543483. [PMID: 37333203 PMCID: PMC10274646 DOI: 10.1101/2023.06.02.543483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/20/2023]
Abstract
The classic view that neural populations in sensory cortices preferentially encode responses to incoming stimuli has been strongly challenged by recent experimental studies. Despite the fact that a large fraction of variance of visual responses in rodents can be attributed to behavioral state and movements, trial-history, and salience, the effects of contextual modulations and expectations on sensory-evoked responses in visual and association areas remain elusive. Here, we present a comprehensive experimental and theoretical study showing that hierarchically connected visual and association areas differentially encode the temporal context and expectation of naturalistic visual stimuli, consistent with the theory of hierarchical predictive coding. We measured neural responses to expected and unexpected sequences of natural scenes in the primary visual cortex (V1), the posterior medial higher order visual area (PM), and retrosplenial cortex (RSP) using 2-photon imaging in behaving mice collected through the Allen Institute Mindscope's OpenScope program. We found that information about image identity in neural population activity depended on the temporal context of transitions preceding each scene, and decreased along the hierarchy. Furthermore, our analyses revealed that the conjunctive encoding of temporal context and image identity was modulated by expectations of sequential events. In V1 and PM, we found enhanced and specific responses to unexpected oddball images, signaling stimulus-specific expectation violation. In contrast, in RSP the population response to oddball presentation recapitulated the missing expected image rather than the oddball image. These differential responses along the hierarchy are consistent with classic theories of hierarchical predictive coding whereby higher areas encode predictions and lower areas encode deviations from expectation. We further found evidence for drift in visual responses on the timescale of minutes. Although activity drift was present in all areas, population responses in V1 and PM, but not in RSP, maintained stable encoding of visual information and representational geometry. Instead we found that RSP drift was independent of stimulus information, suggesting a role in generating an internal model of the environment in the temporal domain. Overall, our results establish temporal context and expectation as substantial encoding dimensions in the visual cortex subject to fast representational drift and suggest that hierarchically connected areas instantiate a predictive coding mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- David G Wyrick
- Department of Biology and Institute of Neuroscience, University of Oregon
- Allen Institute, Mindscope program, University of Oregon
| | - Nicholas Cain
- Allen Institute, Mindscope program, University of Oregon
| | | | - Jérôme Lecoq
- Allen Institute, Mindscope program, University of Oregon
| | - Matthew Valley
- Allen Institute, Mindscope program, University of Oregon
| | - Ruweida Ahmed
- Allen Institute, Mindscope program, University of Oregon
| | - Jessica Bowlus
- Allen Institute, Mindscope program, University of Oregon
| | | | | | - Linzy Casal
- Allen Institute, Mindscope program, University of Oregon
| | | | | | | | - Cindy Huang
- Allen Institute, Mindscope program, University of Oregon
| | | | - India Kato
- Allen Institute, Mindscope program, University of Oregon
| | - Josh Larkin
- Allen Institute, Mindscope program, University of Oregon
| | - Eric Lee
- Allen Institute, Mindscope program, University of Oregon
| | | | | | - Kyla Mace
- Allen Institute, Mindscope program, University of Oregon
| | - Chelsea Nayan
- Allen Institute, Mindscope program, University of Oregon
| | | | - Melissa Reding
- Allen Institute, Mindscope program, University of Oregon
| | - Sam Seid
- Allen Institute, Mindscope program, University of Oregon
| | - Joshua Sevigny
- Allen Institute, Mindscope program, University of Oregon
| | | | - Ali Williford
- Allen Institute, Mindscope program, University of Oregon
| | - Hannah Choi
- Allen Institute, Mindscope program, University of Oregon
- School of Mathematics, Georgia Institute of Technology, University of Oregon
| | - Marina Garrett
- Allen Institute, Mindscope program, University of Oregon
| | - Luca Mazzucato
- Department of Biology and Institute of Neuroscience, University of Oregon
- Department of Mathematics and Physics, University of Oregon
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Bellemère G, Boyer G, De Belilosky C, Lebonvallet N, Misery L, Baudouin C. 234 EV.E.I.L.S research program on infant skin from birth : Contribution to characterize different skin types. J Invest Dermatol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2022.09.245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Boyer G, Bellemère G, De Belilosky C, Baudouin C. 094 A new Sensitive Skin questionnaire applicable to children. J Invest Dermatol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2021.08.096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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5
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Boyer G, Bellemère G, de Belilovsky C, Baudouin C. 128 Mapping of the biophysical properties of pregnant women abdomen skin: A pilot study. J Invest Dermatol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2021.02.147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Rossi Stacconi MV, Tait G, Rendon D, Grassi A, Boyer G, Nieri R, Walton VM. Gumming Up The Works: Field Tests of a New Food-Grade Gum as Behavioral Disruptor for Drosophila suzukii (Diptera: Drosophilidae). J Econ Entomol 2020; 113:1872-1880. [PMID: 32333602 DOI: 10.1093/jee/toaa072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2019] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Drosophila suzukii Matsumura is an economically important pest of small and stone fruits. Its establishment in the Americas and Europe marked an important turning point in crop management programs. Ten years after its first detection, an effective integrated pest management program has yet to be developed and pesticides are mainly used to control this pest. Here we test a new behavioral control tool, with the aim to develop an alternative pest control strategy. A food-grade gum matrix, was evaluated under controlled and open field conditions for its ability to attract the pest and protect the ripening fruit. Here, we report that the gum effectively reduces fruit infestation when used under managed conditions. We show that a single point source can affect D. suzukii behavior over a 3.6 m radius and last for up to 21 d. Open field data reveal that the efficacy of the gum is significantly impacted by water content. We discuss these results in respect to the future implications for D. suzukii management, along with important considerations on gum mechanism of action, possible application strategies and economic suitability for growers.
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Affiliation(s)
- M V Rossi Stacconi
- Department of Horticulture, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, Italy
| | - G Tait
- Department of Horticulture, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, Italy
| | - D Rendon
- Department of Horticulture, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, Italy
| | - A Grassi
- Technology Transfer Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach, San Michele all'Adige (TN), Italy
| | - G Boyer
- Department of Horticulture, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, Italy
| | - R Nieri
- Department of Horticulture, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, Italy
| | - V M Walton
- Department of Horticulture, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, Italy
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Tait G, Park K, Nieri R, Crava MC, Mermer S, Clappa E, Boyer G, Dalton DT, Carlin S, Brewer L, Walton VM, Anfora G, Rossi-Stacconi MV. Reproductive Site Selection: Evidence of an Oviposition Cue in a Highly Adaptive Dipteran, Drosophila suzukii (Diptera: Drosophilidae). Environ Entomol 2020; 49:355-363. [PMID: 31977012 DOI: 10.1093/ee/nvaa005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2019] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Drosophila suzukii (Matsumura) is a vinegar fly species that originates from Eastern Asia and has spread throughout Europe and the Americas since its initial detection in United States in 2008. Its relatively large, sclerotized, and serrated ovipositor enables the ability to penetrate ripening fruits, providing a protected environment for its egg and larval stages. Because the mechanism of oviposition site selection of D. suzukii is a matter of hypothesis, the aim of the present study was to elucidate behavioral and chemical aspects of short-range ovipositional site selection within the context of D. suzukii reproductive biology. The preference of D. suzukii to lay eggs on artificially pierced, previously infested, or intact fruits was tested. Video recordings and photographic evidence documented the release of an anal secretion over the fruit surface near the oviposition sites. Gas chromatographic analysis revealed the presence of 11 compounds detected only on the skin of egg-infested berries. Electroantennographic experiments with both sexes of D. suzukii highlighted the importance of six volatile compounds: methyl myristate, methyl palmitate, myristic acid, lauric acid, palmitic acid, and palmitoleic acid. Finally, a synthetic blend composed of the six compounds in a ratio similar to that found on the skin of egg-infested berries increased the oviposition rate of conspecific females. Data from our work suggest that the identified volatiles are cues for reproductive site selection. We discuss how these oviposition cues may affect the fitness of D. suzukii. The knowledge gained from this study may accelerate establishment of control strategies based on the interference and disruption of D. suzukii communication during the oviposition processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriella Tait
- Department of Horticulture, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR
- Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach, San Michele all'Adige, Trento, Italy
| | - Kyoo Park
- Department of Horticulture, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR
| | - Rachele Nieri
- Department of Horticulture, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR
- Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach, San Michele all'Adige, Trento, Italy
| | - M Cristina Crava
- Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach, San Michele all'Adige, Trento, Italy
- Eri Biotecmed, Universitat de València, Burjassot, Spain
| | - Serhan Mermer
- Department of Horticulture, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR
- Department of Environmental and Molecular Toxicology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR
| | - Elena Clappa
- Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach, San Michele all'Adige, Trento, Italy
| | - Gabriella Boyer
- Department of Horticulture, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR
| | - Daniel T Dalton
- Department of Horticulture, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR
| | - Silvia Carlin
- Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach, San Michele all'Adige, Trento, Italy
| | - Linda Brewer
- Department of Horticulture, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR
| | - Vaughn M Walton
- Department of Horticulture, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR
| | - Gianfranco Anfora
- Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach, San Michele all'Adige, Trento, Italy
- Center of Agriculture Food Environment (C3A), University of Trento, San Michele all'Adige, Italy
| | - M Valerio Rossi-Stacconi
- Department of Horticulture, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR
- Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach, San Michele all'Adige, Trento, Italy
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Le Roux M, Bredif S, Boyer G, Leclere-Bienfait S, Menu F, Bellemere G, Baudouin C. 670 Targeting inflammation, dermal matrix organization and repair process for efficient prevention and correction of striae gravidarum. J Invest Dermatol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2019.07.675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Le Roux M, Boyer G, Bredif S, Bellemere G, Lebras C, Talbot H, Leclere-Bienfait S, Khaldi S, Kerdrain M, Pradelles R, Usache V, Baudouin C. 327 A new anti-reactive skin ingredient obtained from Chlamydomonas acidophila microalga. J Invest Dermatol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2019.03.403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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10
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Bellemere G, Boyer G, De Belilovsky C, Baudouin C. 563 Prevention of atopic dermatitis using emollients for 6 months - Follow-up for 24 months. J Invest Dermatol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2019.03.639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Bellemere G, Boyer G, de Belilovsky C, Baudouin C. Prévention de la dermatite atopique par l’utilisation d’émollients pendant 6 mois - suivi pendant 24 mois. Ann Dermatol Venereol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annder.2018.09.302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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12
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Boyer G, Le roux M, Bredif S, Bellemere G, Leclere bienfait S, Baudouin C. 1414 A new passion fruit extract promoting skin wound healing process. J Invest Dermatol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2018.03.1432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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13
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Boyer G, Lachmann N, Bellemère G, De Belilovsky C, Baudouin C. Effects of pregnancy on skin properties: A biomechanical approach. Skin Res Technol 2018; 24:551-556. [PMID: 29479745 DOI: 10.1111/srt.12465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/28/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A woman's skin is dramatically affected by pregnancy. Its biomechanical properties are critical for resisting highly stressed areas. The aim of this work was to evaluate the impact of pregnancy on the mechanical properties of skin, as well as to evaluate the imprint that pregnancy leaves on the skin after delivery. MATERIALS AND METHODS Suction tests using a cutometer were performed on 15 non-pregnant women and 26 pregnant women at 8 months of pregnancy and 4 months after delivery. Areas of abdomen and thighs were studied. RESULTS Significant differences between the non-pregnant and 8-month pregnant groups were observed. Our data demonstrate that skin becomes less elastic and less deformable on the abdomen during pregnancy. On the thighs, a loss of elasticity and firmness was also observed. At 4 months after delivery, the skin did not return to its initial state. CONCLUSION This study showed that the mechanical properties of skin changed drastically during pregnancy compared to the non-pregnant condition and that these properties remain altered 4 months after delivery. In addition to alterations in abdominal skin during pregnancy, we also observed mechanical changes on the thighs, which are less subject to stretching.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Boyer
- Innovation R&D Direction, Laboratoires Expanscience, Epernon, France
| | - N Lachmann
- Innovation R&D Direction, Laboratoires Expanscience, Epernon, France
| | - G Bellemère
- Innovation R&D Direction, Laboratoires Expanscience, Epernon, France
| | - C De Belilovsky
- Innovation R&D Direction, Laboratoires Expanscience, Epernon, France
| | - C Baudouin
- Innovation R&D Direction, Laboratoires Expanscience, Epernon, France
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14
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Boyer G, de Belilovsky C, Baudouin C, Bellemère G. 067 Characterization of sensitive skin in infants and children. J Invest Dermatol 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2017.07.163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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15
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Boyer G, Bellemère G, de Belilovsky C, Baudouin C. 046 Study of the effects of pregnancy on skin properties: A mechanical approach. J Invest Dermatol 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2017.07.142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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16
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Boyer G, Lamaty G, Makhlouf T, Roque J. Réactivité dans les micelles inverses : changement de mécanisme dans l’hydrolyse acido-catalysée des ortho-esters. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017. [DOI: 10.1051/jcp/1989862201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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17
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Boyer G, de Belilovsky C, Baudouin C, Bellemere G. 412 Characterization of sensitive skin in a pediatric population. J Invest Dermatol 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2017.02.431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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18
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Bellemere G, Boyer G, Moga A, Fontanié M, de Belilovsky C, Baudouin C. 446 Early atopic dermatitis biological analysis. J Invest Dermatol 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2017.02.465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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19
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Bredif S, Boyer G, Bellemere G, Moga A, de Belilovsky C, Baudouin C. 301 Characterization of dry skin in vitro and in vivo in a pediatric population. J Invest Dermatol 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2016.02.332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Abstract
The purpose of this article is to convey the findings of two studies related to the perception of past, present and future roles, the value attributed to these roles as well as the role patterns. Both studies were conducted with adults who have schizophrenia and are involved in a rehabilitation or work program. Data were collected from two sources: 1) secondary analysis of a study related to the methodology for validating the French translation (Hachey, Jumoorty, & Mercier, 1995) of the “Role Checklist”, (Barris, Oakley, & Kielhofner, 1988) and 2) a research project on the perception of roles and quality of life. Results showed that the dominant roles assumed by participants regardless of time were family member, friend, home maintainer and hobbyist. The most valued roles were those of friend, worker, and family member. The discussion will address the questions asked and elucidate the role patterns. The conclusion underlines the importance, for occupational therapists and health professionals, of including roles in the daily lives of their clients, taking into consideration the ones they value most highly.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Hachey
- School of Rehabilitation, Occupational Therapy Program, Université de Montréal, C.P.6128, Succ. Centre-Ville, Montreal, QC H3C 3J7.
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Boyer G, Molimard J, Ben Tkaya M, Zahouani H, Pericoi M, Avril S. Assessment of the in-plane biomechanical properties of human skin using a finite element model updating approach combined with an optical full-field measurement on a new tensile device. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2013; 27:273-82. [PMID: 23867292 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2013.05.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2012] [Revised: 05/20/2013] [Accepted: 05/24/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Human skin is one of the most important organ of the body. The assessment and knowledge of its properties are very useful for clinical or cosmetic research. Many techniques are used to measure the mechanical properties of this organ, like suction, indentation, torsion or tension tests. The aim of this paper is to present a new device based on tension technique and combining mechanical and optical measurements. The whole procedure used to assess the displacement field as described, and first results of tests performed in vivo are shown.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Boyer
- Laboratory of Tribology and Systems Dynamics UMR5513 CNRS/ECL/ENISE/EMSE, 36 Av. Guy de Collongue, 69134 Ecully, France; Laboratoire PERITESCO, 18 Avenue de l'Opéra, 75001 Paris, France.
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22
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Boyer G, Pailler Mattei C, Molimard J, Pericoi M, Laquieze S, Zahouani H. Non contact method for in vivo assessment of skin mechanical properties for assessing effect of ageing. Med Eng Phys 2012; 34:172-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.medengphy.2011.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2010] [Revised: 06/22/2011] [Accepted: 07/11/2011] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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Brat R, Rolland A, Thieme R, Dahirel M, Boyer G, Navarette-Santos A, Fischer B, Boileau P, Chavatte-Palmer P. 98 THE FETAL AND POSTNATAL EFFECTS OF PERICONCEPTIONAL HYPERGLYCEMIA USING A RABBIT MODEL. Reprod Fertil Dev 2011. [DOI: 10.1071/rdv23n1ab98] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The objective of this study was to analyse the effects of maternal hyperglycemia during the periconception period on fetal and postnatal development using a rabbit model. Diabetes was induced in adult New Zealand female does by a single intravenous alloxan injection (group D). Glycemia was maintained between 3 and 5 g L–1 with 2 daily subcutaneous insulin injections. Does from group D and contemporary controls (group C) were naturally mated 1 wk after induction of diabetes in group D animals, without superovulation, and embryos collected after sacrifice on Day 4 post-coitum. In Expt. 1, embryos from D (n = 11) and C (n = 13) groups were transferred respectively to the right and left horns of 3 female recipients, which were killed on Day 28. In Expt. 2, 17 D and 16 C females were mated naturally. 68 D and 98 C embryos were collected and transferred to 26 non-diabetic recipients (6–7 embryos per doe). 17 females were pregnant with no difference between C and D recipients. Fetal development was monitored by ultrasound. At birth, litters were equilibrated in number. 15 D and 7 C pups (from 4 D and 2 C litters) were killed at weaning (1 month of age). The remaining 13 D and 26 C pups (4 D and 7 C litters) were allocated to 1 of 2 feeding groups: control or obesogenic diet. The obesogenic diet was based on the control diet supplemented with animal fat (suet, 200%) and glucose (200%). Bodyweight, adiposity, and glucose metabolism were monitored until sacrifice at 5 months of age. Data were analysed by ANOVA using litter (fetuses), litter and sex (weaning), and litter and diet (5 months) as co-factors. Sex effects at 5 months were not analysed due to small numbers of animals. Fetal development was not different between D and C groups. Fetal, placental, and fetal organ weights did not differ at Day 28, except for brain weight, which was significantly lower in D fetuses (0.86 ± 0.1 v. 1.05 ± 0.08 g; P < 0.05). There was no difference in litter size at birth (3.3 ± 0.3 v. 3.6 ± 0.5 pups for D and C groups, respectively; P = 0.5), but birthweight was significantly increased in D offspring (211 ± 6 v. 194 ± 6 g; P < 0.05). There was no difference in weight after 14 days. At 1 month of age, adiposity, plasma insulin and leptin concentrations were not different between groups. In contrast, in male D offspring, fasting glycemia was significantly lower (1.7 ± 0.2 v. 2.1 ± 0.02 g L–1; P < 0.01), plasma insulin-like growth factor 1 was significantly increased (P < 0.05) and kidney/bodyweight ratio was significantly reduced (0.41 ± 0.03 v. 0.45 ± 0.04; P < 0.01). From 12 wk of age, bodyweight became significantly different between D and C groups and according to diet (P < 0.005), with D individuals being lighter than C individuals for each dietary group. Finally, fasting glycemia was significantly higher in the animals fed the obesogenic diet (1.35 ± 0.05 v. 1.19 ± 0.05 g L–1; P < 0.04), regardless of group. These data suggest that maternal hyperglycemia during the periconceptional period affects glucose metabolism and organ development in offspring with sexual dimorphism.
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Benchabane Y, Boyer G, Faure R. 1H and 13C NMR signal assignments of some new N,N'-diacyl proflavine derivatives. Magn Reson Chem 2009; 47:706-710. [PMID: 19459182 DOI: 10.1002/mrc.2441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
The complete 1H and 13C NMR signal assignments of 23 new N,N'-diacyl proflavine derivatives were achieved using one- and two-dimensional experiments (DEPT, HMQC and HMBC).
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Benchabane
- iSm2 CNRS, UMR 6263, équipe HIT, Université Paul Cezanne, 13397 Marseille Cedex 20, France
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Boyer G, Zahouani H, Le Bot A, Laquieze L. In vivo characterization of viscoelastic properties of human skin using dynamic micro-indentation. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007; 2007:4584-7. [DOI: 10.1109/iembs.2007.4353360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Shimi K, Boyer G, Faure R, Galy JP. 1H and 13C chemical shifts for acridines: Part XIX. N,N'-diacylproflavine derivatives. Magn Reson Chem 2005; 43:1077-9. [PMID: 16142837 DOI: 10.1002/mrc.1701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
The 1H and 13C NMR resonances of 15 N,N'-diacylproflavines were assigned completely and unequivocally using a concerted application of one- and two-dimensional experiments (DEPT, gs-COSY, gs-HMQC and gs-HMBC).
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Affiliation(s)
- K Shimi
- UMR Symbio 6178, Laboratoire de Valorisation de la Chimie Fine, Université Paul Cézanne, Case 552, Av. Escadrille Normandie-Niémen, 13397 Marseille, Cedex 20, France
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Abstract
The three-dimensional (3D) focal behaviour of the super-resolving Frieden filters is investigated numerically. It is shown that, as the central bright spot is sharpened, super-giant secondary maximums are formed on the optic axis. These lobes are much higher that the well-known side-lobes inherent to spatial filtering that surround the restricted, utilisable field, whose characteristics in the meridional plane are depicted for various values of the space-bandwidth parameter and for various numbers of terms that compose the window function. The two-terms filter is found to present, for the first time to my knowledge, some axial apodizing properties. To be compatible with practical realisation, the use of this class of filters in a single- and two-photon confocally scanned system is discussed in terms of 3D super-resolution with an intentionally limited light-power loss. It is shown that these filters match particularly well with recently designed axial apodizers for the transmission-mode confocal scanning microscope and provide a 3D intensity point-spread volume reduction of variable amount as high as 37 percent. The filtering process is shown to vary significantly with the mode of operation.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Boyer
- Laboratoire d'Optique Appliquée Ecole Polytechnique-Ecole, Nationale Supérieure de Techniques Avancées, Centre de l'Yvette, Chemin de la Hunière, 91761 Palaiseau, France.
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Des Rivières-Pigeon C, Séguin L, Brodeur JM, Perreault M, Boyer G, Colin C, Goulet L. [The Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale: the validity of its Quebec version for a population low socioeconomic status mothers]. Can J Commun Ment Health 2002; 19:201-14. [PMID: 12152176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/26/2023]
Abstract
This paper investigates the construct validity and reliability of a Quebec version of the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) for a population of low-socioeconomic-status mothers. This scale was constructed for the specific purpose of measuring mothers' symptoms of depression during the postnatal period in an effort to alleviate the validity problems that could arise from depression scales intended for the general population. Two hundred and twenty-four mothers participating in a Quebec prevention program, "Naître égaux, grandir en santé" (Martin & Boyer, 1995) filled out the EPDS between the 22nd and the 35th day postpartum. A confirmatory factor analysis, conducted with LISREL, gives a 2-factor structure for the EPDS, the first representing symptoms of depression and the second symptoms of anxiety. This structure differs from the one presented by Cox, Holden, and Sagovsky (1987), authors of the EPDS. It corresponds, however to the results of other authors who looked at the EPDS with confirmatory factor analysis (Pop, Komproe, & van Son, 1992) and indicates a good construct validity. The reliability of the scale also appears satisfactory, with a Cronbach alpha co-efficient of 0.82.
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Abboud JLM, Notario R, Ballesteros E, Herreros M, Mo O, Yanez M, Elguero J, Boyer G, Claramunt R. Dissociative Attachment of Protons to 1-Fluoro- and 1-Chloroadamantane in the Gas Phase. J Am Chem Soc 2002. [DOI: 10.1021/ja00085a032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Sourdon V, Boyer G, Galy JP. Crystal structure of 4,9-dimethyl-9,10-dihydroacridine, C15H15N. Z KRIST-NEW CRYST ST 2001. [DOI: 10.1524/ncrs.2001.216.14.679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Boyer G. Shock-wave-assisted ultrafast soliton generation. Opt Lett 2000; 25:601-603. [PMID: 18064123 DOI: 10.1364/ol.25.000601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
It is predicted numerically that soliton generation by four-wave mixing when the central wavelength of the initial pulse is below the zero-dispersion point of a nonlinear waveguide can be significantly boosted by shock-wave formation that reduces the launching power and extends the efficiency of that process deep inside the normal-dispersion region. Experimental evidence of the validity of this prediction is provided by spectral phase and intensity measurement of the propagated bound-state pulse.
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Hanoun JP, Boyer G, Galy JP. Crystal structure of 6-butyl-2-chlorothiazolo[5,4-a]acridin-11(6H)-one, C18H15ClN2OS. Z KRIST-NEW CRYST ST 2000. [DOI: 10.1515/ncrs-2000-0373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- J.-P. Hanoun
- 1Universite d’Aix-Marseille III, Faculte de Saint Jérome - case 552, Avenue Escadrille Normandie Niemen, F-13397 Marseille Cedex 20, France
| | - G. Boyer
- 1Universite d’Aix-Marseille III, Faculte de Saint Jérome - case 552, Avenue Escadrille Normandie Niemen, F-13397 Marseille Cedex 20, France
| | - J.-P. Galy
- 1Universite d’Aix-Marseille III, Faculte de Saint Jérome - case 552, Avenue Escadrille Normandie Niemen, F-13397 Marseille Cedex 20, France
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Théorêt B, Brodeur JM, Perreault M, Séguin L, Boyer G. [Recruitment of Montreal women of very low socioeconomic status for a randomized clinical study]. Can J Public Health 2000; 91:60-3. [PMID: 10765588 PMCID: PMC6980141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/1998] [Accepted: 09/20/1999] [Indexed: 02/16/2023]
Abstract
Studies show that it is difficult to recruit women of low socioeconomic status as clinical research participants. Such an objective was attained though as our results demonstrate in an evaluative study of a program implemented to lower the percentage of low birthweight in four CLSCs of the Island of Montreal between 1994 and 1996. The global recruitment strategy enabled us to reach 56.2% of our goal in 1994 and 77.4% in 1996. Two conclusions can be drawn from this result: the effectiveness of the three methods of recruitment varied according to each participating CLSC, and the global strategy, combined with the mobilization of community resources, was successful in enrolling women of low socioeconomic status.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Théorêt
- Groupe de recherche interdisciplinaire en santé, Faculté de médecine, Université de Montréal, Québec.
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Théorêt B, Brodeur JM, Perreault M, Séguin L, Boyer G. [Recruitment of Montreal women of very low socioeconomic status for a randomized clinical study]. Can J Public Health 2000. [PMID: 10765588 PMCID: PMC6980141 DOI: 10.1007/bf03404256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Studies show that it is difficult to recruit women of low socioeconomic status as clinical research participants. Such an objective was attained though as our results demonstrate in an evaluative study of a program implemented to lower the percentage of low birthweight in four CLSCs of the Island of Montreal between 1994 and 1996. The global recruitment strategy enabled us to reach 56.2% of our goal in 1994 and 77.4% in 1996. Two conclusions can be drawn from this result: the effectiveness of the three methods of recruitment varied according to each participating CLSC, and the global strategy, combined with the mobilization of community resources, was successful in enrolling women of low socioeconomic status.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Théorêt
- Groupe de recherche interdisciplinaire en santé, Faculté de médecine, Université de Montréal, Québec.
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Diaz P, Mercier C, Hachey R, Caron J, Boyer G. An evaluation of psychometric properties of the client's questionnaire of the Wisconsin Quality of Life Index-Canadian version (CaW-QLI). Qual Life Res 1999; 8:509-14. [PMID: 10548866 DOI: 10.1023/a:1008970321690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Psychometric properties of Client's questionnaire from the Canadian version of the Wisconsin Quality of Life-Index (CaW-QLI) were assessed with two groups, 89 English (E) and 94 French (F) individuals with schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder. Sub-samples of 40 E and 36 F were re-interviewed within a 2-week period. Spearman correlations-SC between each domain and CaW-QLI global Score ranged from 0.39 to 0.76, while interdomain correlations were low, confirming the multi-dimensional properties of the scale. Cronbach's alpha (internal consistency) were 0.78 (E) and 0.70 (F) for the CaW-QLI global scores and, from 0.45 to 0.88 among seven of eight domains. Test-retest (Concordance Correlation Coefficient--CCC) ranged from 0.36 to 0.80 among the domains, and from 0.80 (E) and 0.85 (F) between CaW-QLI global scores. Regarding convergent validity, SC between CaW-QLI global score and Spitzer's QOL-Index were 0.72 (E) and 0.58 (F). As hypothesized, there were higher correlations between CaW-QLI global scores (E and F) and SF-36 scales related to mental health than those related to physical health. Minor changes in the scoring are proposed to enhance face and content validity.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Diaz
- Schizophrenia & Continuing Care Program, Centre for Addiction & Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada
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Abstract
Nonlinear propagation of high-power femtosecond pulses close to the zero-dispersion wavelength of a singlemode optical fiber is studied experimentally and numerically. The roles of four-photon mixing, stimulated Raman scattering, and self-steepening in this process are represented through different extensions of the nonlinear Schrödinger equation.
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Perreault M, Trempe-Masson C, Gastaldo D, Boyer G, Colin C. [Perception of social support given by health professionals according to the participants in a prenatal prevention program who live in extreme poverty]. Sante Ment Que 1998; 23:163-86. [PMID: 9775960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
One of the essential elements of the "Programme intégré de prévention en périnatalité--Naître-égaux-Grandir-en-san t" (Born Equal--Brought up Healthy) is to have a health professional offering general support to pregnant women living in poverty. This research is based on a secondary analysis of the transcriptions of interviews done in order to implement the program. The thematic content analysis was employed to analyze the women's perception of the support provided by the health professional, the relationship between client-professional, and the perceptions of these women about the impact that the social support had on their pregnancy experience. The categories of support that emerged from the analysis are: information support, emotional support, instrumental support, changing life style support, recreational support, and availability of support. The categories of impact perceived by the participants are: learning, changes in life style, to be in a good mood, and the use of community resources. A key element in the perception of support by the participants is the establishment of a relationship of trust between professional and client. This relationship of trust is important to the development of intimacy and to foster the perception of a more intense kind of support. Hence social support and the relationship of trust work in synergy and reinforce each other.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Perreault
- Faculté des sciences infirmières de l'Université de Montréal
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Morel S, Boyer G, Galy JP. Fused imidazoacridines: Synthesis of 1,3-dihydroimidazo[4,5-b]-acridin-2-one and 1,3-dihydroimidazo[4,5-a]acridin-2-one. J Heterocycl Chem 1998. [DOI: 10.1002/jhet.5570350235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Boyer G, Nonneman D, Shibuya H, Stoy SJ, O'Brien D, Johnson GS. A PCR-RFLP marker for the erythroid aminolevulinate synthase gene (ALAS2) on canine chromosome X. Anim Genet 1995; 26:206-7. [PMID: 7793698 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2052.1995.tb03172.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- G Boyer
- Department of Veterinary Pathology, University of Missouri, Columbia 65211, USA
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Boyer G, Templin D, Goring W. [Use of criteria of Amor and European Spondylarthropathy Study Group in the United States]. Rev Rhum Ed Fr 1994; 61:653-4. [PMID: 7858602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
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Charmley P, Nelson JL, Hansen JA, Branchaud A, Barrington RA, Templin D, Boyer G, Lanier AP, Concannon P. T-cell receptor polymorphisms in Tlingit Indians with rheumatoid arthritis. Autoimmunity 1994; 19:247-51. [PMID: 7578851 DOI: 10.3109/08916939409071350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) develops as a result of the interaction of both genetic and environmental factors. Among the genes in humans that have been suggested as candidate susceptibility genes in RA are those encoding the T cell receptor for antigen (TCR). A high prevalence and early age of onset of RA has previously been reported in Alaskan Tlingit Indians. In this study, the frequency of seven different restriction fragment length polymorphisms (RFLPs) in the TCR alpha and beta gene complexes were measured in a population of Alaskan Tlingit Indians. No statistically significant differences were noted when the frequencies of these RFLPs were compared between Tlingits with RA and healthy controls (p > 0.05). These results do not support the hypothesis of an RA-susceptibility allele in the vicinity of these TCR alpha or beta genes. Since TCR RFLPs have not been extensively studied in native American populations, TCR polymorphism frequencies in the Tlingits were also compared to the frequencies observed in a second control group of healthy Caucasians. Statistically significant differences were observed in these comparisons implying a different distribution of individuals in these populations with different TCR repertoires.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Charmley
- Virginia Mason Research Center, Seattle, WA 98101, USA
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Pasquier E, Darbas H, Jean-Pierre H, Boyer G. Streptococcus du groupe milleri : bilan des isolements dans un des hôpitaux de Montpellier en 1990. Origines, caractères bactériologiques, sensibilité aux antibiotiques. Med Mal Infect 1993. [DOI: 10.1016/s0399-077x(05)81278-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Jean-Pierre H, Rivière M, Darbas H, Boyer G. [In vitro activity of glycopeptides on 114 coagulase-negative staphylococci: problems with the teicoplanin diffusion test, "alert" parameters indicating need for MIC determination]. Pathol Biol (Paris) 1993; 41:531-6. [PMID: 8247632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
The activity of vancomycin (Va) and teicoplanin (Tc) against 114 coagulase-negative staphylococci (CNS) strains was evaluated by disk-diffusion and agar dilution minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) determination. Results were analysed by species and methicillin-resistance (MR) status. MICs for Va were in the susceptible range (< 4 mg/l) for all strains, with inhibition zone diameters of 17 mm or more in every case. MICs for teicoplanin were 8 or 16 mg/l for 19 CNS strains (including 18 with MR) of which 14 yielded an inhibition zone diameter of 17 mm or more (false susceptibility). Parameters which should lead to MIC determination for Tc regardless of disk diffusion findings include the species (S. haemolyticus), methicillin resistance, Tc zone diameter, and an at least 3 mm difference between the Va and Tc zone diameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Jean-Pierre
- Laboratoire de Bactériologie, Hôpital Arnaud de Villeneuve, Montpellier, France
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Benichou P, Boyer G, Jean-Pierre H, Darbas H, Rivière M. [Activity of ethambutol, isoniazid and rifampicin on Corynebacterium urealyticum and Corynebacterium jeikeium]. Pathol Biol (Paris) 1992; 40:999-1002. [PMID: 1299816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Because corynebacteria and mycobacteria have walls of similar composition, it was of interest to test the effects on resistant corynebacteria of two agents with anti-wall effects, i.e., ethambutol (EMB) and isoniazid (INH). Rifampicin was also studied to extend previous data and clarify conflicting results in the literature. INH was not active in levels achieved in vivo with standard dosages. The minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) of EMB was under serum levels for only three of 78 strains. All minimal bactericidal concentration (MBCs) were greater than serum levels. With RIF, 59% of strains were susceptible and 19.2% exhibited intermediate susceptibility as defined by the French Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing. CMI and CMB distributions were heterogeneous, suggesting a possible acquired heterogeneous resistance to RIF.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Benichou
- Laboratoire de Bactériologie, Hôpital Lapeyronie, Montpellier, France
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Nelson JL, Boyer G, Templin D, Lanier A, Barrington R, Nisperos B, Smith A, Mickelson E, Hansen JA. HLA antigens in Tlingit Indians with rheumatoid arthritis. Tissue Antigens 1992; 40:57-63. [PMID: 1412417 DOI: 10.1111/j.1399-0039.1992.tb01960.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
HLA-DR4 has been described in association with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) in multiple populations. We have studied HLA antigens in Alaskan Tlingit Indians. HLA-DR4 was decreased in the RA group (n = 32) compared with controls (n = 62) (6% vs 21% p = 0.07). The predominant DR4 allele observed was DRB1*0403 (Dw13.1). The most striking observation in these studies was a marked predominance of the DRB1*1402 allele encoding Dw16 (DRw14). This allele was present in 91% of RA cases, but was also highly prevalent in controls (80%, OR = 2.4 p = 0.20). DRB1*1402 only was observed in 47% of cases and 31% of controls. The DRB3*0101 (DRw52), and the DQA*0501 and DQB*0301 alleles encoding a subset of DQw3 were associated with DRB1*1402 in cases and in controls. HLA-Bw62 was increased in RA cases (28%) compared with controls (8%) (OR = 4.5, p = 0.01, corrected p = ns).
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Affiliation(s)
- J L Nelson
- Division of Clinical Research, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA
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