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Krys K, Kostoula O, van Tilburg WAP, Mosca O, Lee JH, Maricchiolo F, Kosiarczyk A, Kocimska-Bortnowska A, Torres C, Hitokoto H, Liew K, Bond MH, Lun VMC, Vignoles VL, Zelenski JM, Haas BW, Park J, Vauclair CM, Kwiatkowska A, Roczniewska M, Witoszek N, Işık İ, Kosakowska-Berezecka N, Domínguez-Espinosa A, Yeung JC, Górski M, Adamovic M, Albert I, Pavlopoulos V, Fülöp M, Sirlopu D, Okvitawanli A, Boer D, Teyssier J, Malyonova A, Gavreliuc A, Serdarevich U, Akotia CS, Appoh L, Mira DMA, Baltin A, Denoux P, Esteves CS, Gamsakhurdia V, Garðarsdóttir RB, Igbokwe DO, Igou ER, Kascakova N, Klůzová Kracˇmárová L, Kronberger N, Barrientos PE, Mohoricć T, Murdock E, Mustaffa NF, Nader M, Nadi A, van Osch Y, Pavlović Z, Polácˇková Šolcová I, Rizwan M, Romashov V, Røysamb E, Sargautyte R, Schwarz B, Selecká L, Selim HA, Stogianni M, Sun CR, Wojtczuk-Turek A, Xing C, Uchida Y. Happiness Maximization Is a WEIRD Way of Living. Perspect Psychol Sci 2024:17456916231208367. [PMID: 38350096 DOI: 10.1177/17456916231208367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/15/2024]
Abstract
Psychological science tends to treat subjective well-being and happiness synonymously. We start from the assumption that subjective well-being is more than being happy to ask the fundamental question: What is the ideal level of happiness? From a cross-cultural perspective, we propose that the idealization of attaining maximum levels of happiness may be especially characteristic of Western, educated, industrial, rich, and democratic (WEIRD) societies but less so for others. Searching for an explanation for why "happiness maximization" might have emerged in these societies, we turn to studies linking cultures to their eco-environmental habitat. We discuss the premise that WEIRD cultures emerged in an exceptionally benign ecological habitat (i.e., faced relatively light existential pressures compared with other regions). We review the influence of the Gulf Stream on the Northwestern European climate as a source of these comparatively benign geographical conditions. We propose that the ecological conditions in which WEIRD societies emerged afforded them a basis to endorse happiness as a value and to idealize attaining its maximum level. To provide a nomological network for happiness maximization, we also studied some of its potential side effects, namely alcohol and drug consumption and abuse and the prevalence of mania. To evaluate our hypothesis, we reanalyze data from two large-scale studies on ideal levels of personal life satisfaction-the most common operationalization of happiness in psychology-involving respondents from 61 countries. We conclude that societies whose members seek to maximize happiness tend to be characterized as WEIRD, and generalizing this across societies can prove problematic if adopted at the ideological and policy level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuba Krys
- Institute of Psychology, Polish Academy of Sciences
| | - Olga Kostoula
- Institute of Psychology, Johannes Kepler University Linz
| | | | - Oriana Mosca
- Department of Education, Psychology, and Philosophy, University of Cagliari
| | - J Hannah Lee
- Department of Psychology, Indiana University Northwest
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Kongmeng Liew
- Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies, Kyoto University
- School of Psychology, Speech and Hearing, University of Canterbury
| | - Michael H Bond
- Department of Management and Marketing, Faculty of Business, Hong Kong Polytechnic University
| | | | | | | | | | - Joonha Park
- Graduate School of Management, NUCB Business School
| | - Christin-Melanie Vauclair
- Centre for Psychological Research and Social Intervention (CIS-Iscte), Iscte-Instituto Universitário de Lisboa
| | | | - Marta Roczniewska
- SWPS University
- Department of Learning, Informatics, Management and Ethics, Medical Management Centre, Karolinska Institutet
| | - Nina Witoszek
- Centre for Development and the Environment, University of Oslo
| | - İdil Işık
- Psychology Department, Bahçeşehir University
| | | | | | | | - Maciej Górski
- Institute of Psychology, Polish Academy of Sciences
- Faculty of Psychology, University of Warsaw
| | | | - Isabelle Albert
- Department of Behavioural and Cognitive Sciences, University of Luxembourg
| | | | - Márta Fülöp
- Institute of Psychology, Károli Gáspár University of the Reformed Church
- Research Centre of Natural Sciences, Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience and Psychology, Eötvös Loránd Research Network, Budapest, Hungary
| | - David Sirlopu
- Faculty of Psychology and Humanities, Universidad San Sebastián, Concepción
| | | | - Diana Boer
- Institute of Psychology, University of Koblenz
| | - Julien Teyssier
- Département Psychologie Clinique Du Sujet, Université Toulouse II
| | - Arina Malyonova
- Department of General and Social Psychology, Dostoevsky Omsk State University
| | | | | | - Charity S Akotia
- Department of Psychology, School of Social Sciences, University of Ghana
| | - Lily Appoh
- Faculty of Nursing and Health Sciences, Nord University
| | | | - Arno Baltin
- School of Natural Sciences and Health, Tallinn University
| | - Patrick Denoux
- Département Psychologie Clinique Du Sujet, Université Toulouse II
| | - Carla Sofia Esteves
- Universidade Católica Portuguesa, Católica Lisbon School of Business and Economics, Católica Lisbon Research Unit in Business and Economics
| | | | | | | | - Eric R Igou
- Department of Psychology, University of Limerick
| | - Natalia Kascakova
- Olomouc University Social Health Institute, Palacky University
- Psychiatric Clinic Pro Mente Sana, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | | | | | | | - Tamara Mohoricć
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, University of Rijeka
| | - Elke Murdock
- Department of Behavioural and Cognitive Sciences, University of Luxembourg
| | - Nur Fariza Mustaffa
- Department of Business Administration, International Islamic University Malaysia
| | - Martin Nader
- Department of Psychological Studies, Universidad ICESI
| | - Azar Nadi
- Institute of Psychology, Polish Academy of Sciences
| | - Yvette van Osch
- Department of Social Psychology, Tilburg School of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Tilburg University
| | - Zoran Pavlović
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Philosophy University of Belgrade
| | | | | | | | | | - Ruta Sargautyte
- Institute of Psychology, Faculty of Philosophy, Vilnius University
| | - Beate Schwarz
- Department of Applied Psychology, Zurich University of Applied Sciences
| | | | | | | | - Chien-Ru Sun
- Department of Psychology, National Chengchi University
| | | | - Cai Xing
- Department of Psychology, Renmin University of China
| | - Yukiko Uchida
- Institute for the Future of Human Society, Kyoto University
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2
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Westgate EC, Buttrick NR, Lin Y, El Helou G, Agostini M, Bélanger JJ, Gützkow B, Kreienkamp J, Abakoumkin G, Abdul Khaiyom JH, Ahmedi V, Akkas H, Almenara CA, Atta M, Bagci SC, Basel S, Berisha Kida E, Bernardo ABI, Chobthamkit P, Choi HS, Cristea M, Csaba S, Damnjanovic K, Danyliuk I, Dash A, Di Santo D, Douglas KM, Enea V, Faller DG, Fitzsimons G, Gheorghiu A, Gómez Á, Hamaidia A, Han Q, Helmy M, Hudiyana J, Jeronimus BF, Jiang DY, Jovanović V, Kamenov Ž, Kende A, Keng SL, Kieu TTT, Koc Y, Kovyazina K, Kozytska I, Krause J, Kruglanski AW, Kurapov A, Kutlaca M, Lantos NA, Lemay EP, Lesmana CBJ, Louis WR, Lueders A, Maj M, Malik NI, Martinez A, McCabe KO, Mehulić J, Milla MN, Mohammed I, Molinario E, Moyano M, Muhammad H, Mula S, Muluk H, Myroniuk S, Najafi R, Nisa CF, Nyúl B, O'Keefe PA, Olivas Osuna JJ, Osin EN, Park J, Pica G, Pierro A, Rees J, Reitsema AM, Resta E, Rullo M, Ryan MK, Samekin A, Santtila P, Sasin E, Schumpe BM, Selim HA, Stanton MV, Stroebe W, Sutton RM, Tseliou E, Utsugi A, van Breen JA, Van Lissa CJ, Van Veen K, vanDellen MR, Vázquez A, Wollast R, Et Al. Pandemic boredom: Little evidence that lockdown-related boredom affects risky public health behaviors across 116 countries. Emotion 2023; 23:2370-2384. [PMID: 36913277 DOI: 10.1037/emo0001118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/14/2023]
Abstract
Some public officials have expressed concern that policies mandating collective public health behaviors (e.g., national/regional "lockdown") may result in behavioral fatigue that ultimately renders such policies ineffective. Boredom, specifically, has been singled out as one potential risk factor for noncompliance. We examined whether there was empirical evidence to support this concern during the COVID-19 pandemic in a large cross-national sample of 63,336 community respondents from 116 countries. Although boredom was higher in countries with more COVID-19 cases and in countries that instituted more stringent lockdowns, such boredom did not predict longitudinal within-person decreases in social distancing behavior (or vice versa; n = 8,031) in early spring and summer of 2020. Overall, we found little evidence that changes in boredom predict individual public health behaviors (handwashing, staying home, self-quarantining, and avoiding crowds) over time, or that such behaviors had any reliable longitudinal effects on boredom itself. In summary, contrary to concerns, we found little evidence that boredom posed a public health risk during lockdown and quarantine. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved).
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Yijun Lin
- Department of Psychology, University of Florida
| | | | | | | | - Ben Gützkow
- Department of Psychology, University of Groningen
| | | | - Georgios Abakoumkin
- Laboratory of Psychology, Department of Early Childhood Education, University of Thessaly
| | | | | | - Handan Akkas
- Department of Organizational Behavior, Ankara Science University
| | - Carlos A Almenara
- Faculty of Health Science, Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas
| | - Mohsin Atta
- Department of Psychology, University of Sargodha
| | | | - Sima Basel
- Department of Social Sciences, New York University, Abu Dhabi
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Sára Csaba
- Doctoral School of Psychology, ELTE, Eotvos Lorand University
| | | | - Ivan Danyliuk
- Department of Psychology, Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv
| | - Arobindu Dash
- Institute of Management and Organization, Leuphana University of Luneburg
| | - Daniela Di Santo
- Department of Social and Developmental Psychology, University "La Sapienza"
| | | | - Violeta Enea
- Department of Psychology, Alexandru Ioan Cuza University
| | | | | | | | - Ángel Gómez
- Universidad Nacional de Educacion a Distancia
| | - Ali Hamaidia
- Psychology/Research Unit Human Resources Development, Setif 2 University
| | - Qing Han
- School of Psychological Science, University of Bristol
| | - Mai Helmy
- Department of Psychology, Menoufia University
| | | | | | - Ding-Yu Jiang
- Department of Psychology, National Chung-Cheng University
| | | | - Željka Kamenov
- Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, University of Zagreb
| | - Anna Kende
- Department of Social Psychology, ELTE, Eotvos Lorand University
| | | | | | - Yasin Koc
- Department of Psychology, University of Groningen
| | | | - Inna Kozytska
- Department of Psychology, Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv
| | | | | | - Anton Kurapov
- Department of Psychology, Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Adrian Lueders
- Laboratoire de Psychologie Sociale et Cognitive, Universite Clermont-Auvergne
| | - Marta Maj
- Institute of Psychology, Jagiellonian University
| | | | | | - Kira O McCabe
- Department of Psychology and Human Development, Vanderbilt University
| | - Jasmina Mehulić
- Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, University of Zagreb
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Silvana Mula
- Dipartimento dei Processi di Sviluppo e Socializzazione, University "La Sapienza"
| | - Hamdi Muluk
- Department of Psychology, Universitas Indonesia
| | | | - Reza Najafi
- Department of Psychology, Islamic Azad University, Rasht Branch
| | - Claudia F Nisa
- Department of Psychology, New York University, Abu Dhabi
| | - Boglárka Nyúl
- Department of Social Psychology, ELTE, Eotvos Lorand University
| | | | - Jose Javier Olivas Osuna
- Department of Political Science and Administration, National Distance Education University (UNED)
| | - Evgeny N Osin
- Department of Psychology, National Research University Higher School of Economics
| | - Joonha Park
- Graduate School of Management, NUCB Business School
| | | | - Antonio Pierro
- Department of Social and Developmental Psychology, University "La Sapienza"
| | - Jonas Rees
- Research Institute Social Cohesion, University of Bielefeld
| | | | - Elena Resta
- Dipartimento dei Processi di Sviluppo e Socializzazione, University "La Sapienza"
| | - Marika Rullo
- Department of Educational, Humanities and Intercultural Communication, University of Siena
| | | | - Adil Samekin
- School of Liberal Arts, M. Narikbayev KAZGUU University
| | | | - Edyta Sasin
- Department of Psychology, New York University, Abu Dhabi
| | - Birga M Schumpe
- Faculty of Social and Behavioural Sciences, University of Amsterdam
| | | | | | | | | | - Eleftheria Tseliou
- Laboratory of Psychology, Department of Early Childhood Education, University of Thessaly
| | - Akira Utsugi
- Graduate School of Humanities, Nagoya University
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Robin Wollast
- Laboratoire de Psychologie Sociale et Cognitive, Universite Clermont-Auvergne
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3
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Enea V, Eisenbeck N, Carreno DF, Douglas KM, Sutton RM, Agostini M, Bélanger JJ, Gützkow B, Kreienkamp J, Abakoumkin G, Abdul Khaiyom JH, Ahmedi V, Akkas H, Almenara CA, Atta M, Bagci SC, Basel S, Berisha Kida E, Bernardo ABI, Buttrick NR, Chobthamkit P, Choi HS, Cristea M, Csaba S, Damnjanovic K, Danyliuk I, Dash A, Di Santo D, Faller DG, Fitzsimons G, Gheorghiu A, Gómez Á, Grzymala-Moszczynska J, Hamaidia A, Han Q, Helmy M, Hudiyana J, Jeronimus BF, Jiang DY, Jovanović V, Kamenov Ž, Kende A, Keng SL, Kieu TTT, Koc Y, Kovyazina K, Kozytska I, Krause J, Kruglanski AW, Kurapov A, Kutlaca M, Lantos NA, Lemay EP, Lesmana CBJ, Louis WR, Lueders A, Malik NI, Martinez A, McCabe KO, Mehulić J, Milla MN, Mohammed I, Molinario E, Moyano M, Muhammad H, Mula S, Muluk H, Myroniuk S, Najafi R, Nisa CF, Nyúl B, O'Keefe PA, Osuna JJO, Osin EN, Park J, Pica G, Pierro A, Rees J, Reitsema AM, Resta E, Rullo M, Ryan MK, Samekin A, Santtila P, Sasin E, Schumpe BM, Selim HA, Stanton MV, Sultana S, Tseliou E, Utsugi A, van Breen JA, Van Lissa CJ, Van Veen K, vanDellen MR, Vázquez A, Wollast R, Yeung VWL, Zand S, Žeželj IL, Zheng B, Zick A, Zúñiga C, Leander NP. Intentions to be Vaccinated Against COVID-19: The Role of Prosociality and Conspiracy Beliefs across 20 Countries. Health Commun 2023; 38:1530-1539. [PMID: 35081848 DOI: 10.1080/10410236.2021.2018179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Understanding the determinants of COVID-19 vaccine uptake is important to inform policy decisions and plan vaccination campaigns. The aims of this research were to: (1) explore the individual- and country-level determinants of intentions to be vaccinated against SARS-CoV-2, and (2) examine worldwide variation in vaccination intentions. This cross-sectional online survey was conducted during the first wave of the pandemic, involving 6697 respondents across 20 countries. Results showed that 72.9% of participants reported positive intentions to be vaccinated against COVID-19, whereas 16.8% were undecided, and 10.3% reported they would not be vaccinated. At the individual level, prosociality was a significant positive predictor of vaccination intentions, whereas generic beliefs in conspiracy theories and religiosity were negative predictors. Country-level determinants, including cultural dimensions of individualism/collectivism and power distance, were not significant predictors of vaccination intentions. Altogether, this study identifies individual-level predictors that are common across multiple countries, provides further evidence on the importance of combating conspiracy theories, involving religious institutions in vaccination campaigns, and stimulating prosocial motives to encourage vaccine uptake.
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Affiliation(s)
- Violeta Enea
- Department of Psychology, Alexandru Ioan Cuza University, Iasi
| | - Nikolett Eisenbeck
- Department of Personality, Evaluation andPsychological Treatment, Faculty of Psychology, University of Seville
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Ben Gützkow
- Department of Psychology, University of Groningen
| | | | - Georgios Abakoumkin
- Laboratory of Psychology, Department of Early Childhood Education, University of Thessaly
| | | | | | - Handan Akkas
- Business Administration Dept., Ankara Science University
| | - Carlos A Almenara
- Faculty of Health Science, Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas
| | - Mohsin Atta
- Department of Psychology, University of Sargodha
| | | | - Sima Basel
- Department of Social Sciences, New York University Abu Dhabi
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Sára Csaba
- Doctoral School of Psychology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University
| | | | - Ivan Danyliuk
- Department of Psychology, Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv
| | - Arobindu Dash
- Institute of Management and Organization, Leuphana University of Luneburg
| | - Daniela Di Santo
- Department of Social and Developmental Psychology, University "La Sapienza", Rome
| | | | | | | | - Ángel Gómez
- Social and Organizational Psychology, Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia
| | | | - Ali Hamaidia
- Psychology/ Research Unit Human Resources Development, Setif 2 University
| | - Qing Han
- The School of Psychological Science, University of Bristol
| | - Mai Helmy
- Department of Psychology, Sultan Qaboos University, Menoufia University
| | | | | | - Ding-Yu Jiang
- Department of Psychology, National Chung-Cheng University
| | | | - Željka Kamenov
- Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, University of Zagreb
| | - Anna Kende
- Department of Social Psychology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University
| | | | | | - Yasin Koc
- Department of Psychology, University of Groningen
| | | | - Inna Kozytska
- Department of Psychology, Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv
| | | | | | - Anton Kurapov
- Department of Psychology, Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv
| | | | | | - Edward P Lemay
- Department of Psychology, University of Maryland, College Park
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Jasmina Mehulić
- Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, University of Zagreb
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Silvana Mula
- Dipartimento dei Processi di Sviluppo e Socializzazione, University "La Sapienza, Rome
| | - Hamdi Muluk
- Department of Psychology, Universitas Indonesia
| | | | - Reza Najafi
- Department of Psychology, Islamic Azad University, Rasht Branch
| | | | - Boglárka Nyúl
- Department of Social Psychology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University
| | - Paul A O'Keefe
- Division of Social Science, Yale-NUS College
- Department of Management and Organisation, National University of Singapore Business School
| | - Jose Javier Olivas Osuna
- Department of Political Science and Administration, National Distance Education University (UNED)
| | | | - Joonha Park
- Graduate School of Management, NUCB Business School
| | | | - Antonio Pierro
- Department of Social and Developmental Psychology, University "La Sapienza", Rome
| | - Jonas Rees
- Research Institute Social Cohesion, Institute for Interdisciplinary Research on Conflict and Violence, and Department of Social Psychology, University of Bielefeld
| | | | - Elena Resta
- Dipartimento dei Processi di Sviluppo e Socializzazione, University "La Sapienza, Rome
| | - Marika Rullo
- Department of Social, Political and Cognitive Sciences, University of Siena
| | - Michelle K Ryan
- Department of Psychology, University of Exeter
- Faculty of Economics and Business, University of Groningen
| | - Adil Samekin
- School of Liberal Arts, M. Narikbayev KAZGUU University Nur-Sultan, Kazakhstan
| | - Pekka Santtila
- Faculty of Arts and Sciences; NYU-ECNU Institute for Social Development, New York University Shanghai
| | - Edyta Sasin
- Department of Psychology, New York University Abu Dhabi
| | - Birga M Schumpe
- Faculty of Social and Behavioural Sciences, University of Amsterdam
| | | | | | | | - Eleftheria Tseliou
- Laboratory of Psychology, Department of Early Childhood Education, University of Thessaly
| | - Akira Utsugi
- Graduate School of Humanities, Nagoya University
| | | | | | | | | | - Alexandra Vázquez
- Social and Organizational Psychology, Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia
| | - Robin Wollast
- Laboratoire de Psychologie Sociale et Cognitive, Université Clermont-Auvergne
| | | | - Somayeh Zand
- Department of Psychology, University of Milano-Bicocca
| | | | - Bang Zheng
- Ageing Epidemiology Research Unit, School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London
| | - Andreas Zick
- Institute for Interdisciplinary Research on Conflict and Violence (IKG), Bielefeld University
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Krys K, Chun Yeung J, Haas BW, van Osch Y, Kosiarczyk A, Kocimska-Zych A, Torres C, Selim HA, Zelenski JM, Bond MH, Park J, Lun VMC, Maricchiolo F, Vauclair CM, Poláčková Šolcová I, Sirlopú D, Xing C, Vignoles VL, van Tilburg WAP, Teyssier J, Sun CR, Serdarevich U, Schwarz B, Sargautyte R, Røysamb E, Romashov V, Rizwan M, Pavlović Z, Pavlopoulos V, Okvitawanli A, Nadi A, Nader M, Mustaffa NF, Murdock E, Mosca O, Mohorić T, Barrientos Marroquin PE, Malyonova A, Liu X, Lee JH, Kwiatkowska A, Kronberger N, Klůzová Kráčmarová L, Kascakova N, Işık İ, Igou ER, Igbokwe DO, Hanke-Boer D, Gavreliuc A, Garðarsdóttir RB, Fülöp M, Gamsakhurdia V, Esteves CS, Domínguez-Espinosa A, Denoux P, Charkviani S, Baltin A, Arevalo D, Appoh L, Akotia C, Adamovic M, Uchida Y. Family First: Evidence of Consistency and Variation in the Value of Family Versus Personal Happiness Across 49 Different Cultures. Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology 2023. [DOI: 10.1177/00220221221134711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/29/2023]
Abstract
People care about their own well-being and about the well-being of their families. It is currently, however, unknown how much people tend to value their own versus their family’s well-being. A recent study documented that people value family happiness over personal happiness across four cultures. In this study, we sought to replicate this finding across a larger sample size ( N = 12,819) and a greater number of countries ( N = 49). We found that the strength of the idealization of family over personal happiness preference was small (average Cohen’s ds = .20, range −.02 to.48), but present in 98% of the studied countries, with statistical significance in 73% to 75%, and variance across countries <2%. We also found that the size of this effect did vary somewhat across cultural contexts. In Latin American cultures highest on relational mobility, the idealization of family over personal happiness was very small (average Cohen’s ds for Latin America = .15 and .18), while in Confucian Asia cultures lowest on relational mobility, this effect was closer to medium ( ds > .40 and .30). Importantly, we did not find strong support for traditional theories in cross-cultural psychology that associate collectivism with greater prioritization of the family versus the individual; country-level individualism–collectivism was not associated with variation in the idealization of family versus individual happiness. Our findings indicate that no matter how much various populists abuse the argument of “protecting family life” to disrupt emancipation, family happiness seems to be a pan-culturally phenomenon. Family well-being is a key ingredient of social fabric across the world, and should be acknowledged by psychology and well-being researchers and by progressive movements too.
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Lun VMC, Smith PB, Grigoryan L, Torres C, Papastylianou A, Lopukhova OG, Sunar D, Easterbrook MJ, Koc Y, Selim HA, Chobthamkit P, Chaleeraktrakoon T, Gul P, Perez Floriano L, Diaz-Loving R, Kwantes CT, Yuki M, Ogusu N, van Osch Y, Mendes Texeira ML, Hu P, Abbas A, Tripodi D, Lay S, Efremova M, Hassan B, Ahmad AH, Al-Bayati A, Anderson J, Cross SE, Delfino GI, Gamsakhurdia V, Gavreliuc A, Gavreliuc D, Gunsoy C, Díaz Rivera PE, Hakobjanyan A. Need for approval from others and face concerns as predictors of interpersonal conflict outcome in 29 cultural groups. Int J Psychol 2023; 58:258-271. [PMID: 36707726 DOI: 10.1002/ijop.12895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2022] [Accepted: 12/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
The extent to which culture moderates the effects of need for approval from others on a person's handling of interpersonal conflict was investigated. Students from 24 nations rated how they handled a recent interpersonal conflict, using measures derived from face-negotiation theory. Samples varied in the extent to which they were perceived as characterised by the cultural logics of dignity, honour, or face. It was hypothesised that the emphasis on harmony within face cultures would reduce the relevance of need for approval from others to face-negotiation concerns. Respondents rated their need for approval from others and how much they sought to preserve their own face and the face of the other party during the conflict. Need for approval was associated with concerns for both self-face and other-face. However, as predicted, the association between need for approval from others and concern for self-face was weaker where face logic was prevalent. Favourable conflict outcome was positively related to other-face and negatively related to self-face and to need for approval from others, but there were no significant interactions related to prevailing cultural logics. The results illustrate how particular face-threatening factors can moderate the distinctive face-concerns earlier found to characterise individualistic and collectivistic cultural groups.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Peter B Smith
- School of Psychology, University of Sussex, Brighton, UK
| | | | - Claudio Torres
- Institute of Psychology, University of Brasilia, Brasilia, Brazil
| | - Antonia Papastylianou
- Department of Psychology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Olga G Lopukhova
- Institute of Pedagogy and Psychology, Kazan Federal University, Kazan, Russia
| | - Diane Sunar
- Department of Psychology, Istanbul Bilgi University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | | | - Yasin Koc
- Department of Social Psychology, Groningen University, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Heyla A Selim
- Department of Psychology, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | | | | | - Pelin Gul
- Department of Social Psychology, Groningen University, Groningen, Netherlands
| | | | | | | | - Masaki Yuki
- Department of Behavioral Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Natsuki Ogusu
- Department of Behavioral Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Yvette van Osch
- Department of Social Psychology, Tilburg University, Tilburg, Netherlands
| | - Maria Luisa Mendes Texeira
- Department of Postgraduate Business Administration, Mackenzie Presbyterian University, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ping Hu
- Department of Psychology, Renmin University of China, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Ammar Abbas
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Baghdad, Baghdad, Iraq
| | | | - Siugmin Lay
- Centro de Medicion MIDE UC, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Maria Efremova
- Center for Socio-Cultural Research, HSE University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Bushra Hassan
- Department of Psychology, International Islamic University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Abd Halim Ahmad
- School of Government, Universiti Utara Malaysia, Sintok, Malaysia
| | - Ahmed Al-Bayati
- Department of Civil and Architectural Engineering, Lawrence Technological University, Southfield, MI, USA
| | - Joel Anderson
- School of Health and Behavioral Science, Australian Catholic University and Australian Research Centre in Sex, Health and Society, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Susan E Cross
- Department of Psychology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA
| | | | - Vladimer Gamsakhurdia
- Department of Psychological Anthropology, Ivane Javakhishvili Tbilisi State University, Tbilisi, Georgia
| | - Alin Gavreliuc
- Department of Psychology, Teacher Training Institute, West University of Timisoara, Timisoara, Romania
| | - Dana Gavreliuc
- Department of Psychology, Teacher Training Institute, West University of Timisoara, Timisoara, Romania
| | - Ceren Gunsoy
- Department of Psychology, Rhode Island University, South Kingstown, RI, USA
| | | | - Anna Hakobjanyan
- Department of Personality Psychology, Yerevan State University, Yerevan, Armenia
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6
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Keng SL, Stanton MV, Haskins LB, Almenara CA, Ickovics J, Jones A, Grigsby-Toussaint D, Agostini M, Bélanger JJ, Gützkow B, Kreienkamp J, Lemay EP, vanDellen MR, Abakoumkin G, Abdul Khaiyom JH, Ahmedi V, Akkas H, Atta M, Bagci SC, Basel S, Berisha Kida E, Bernardo AB, Buttrick NR, Chobthamkit P, Choi H, Cristea M, Csaba S, Damnjanovic K, Danyliuk I, Dash A, Di Santo D, Douglas KM, Enea V, Faller DG, Fitzsimons G, Gheorghiu A, Gómez Á, Hamaidia A, Han Q, Helmy M, Hudiyana J, Jeronimus BF, Jiang D, Jovanović V, Kamenov Ž, Kende A, Kieu TTT, Koc Y, Kovyazina K, Kozytska I, Krause J, Kruglanski AW, Kurapov A, Kutlaca M, Lantos NA, Lesmana CBJ, Louis WR, Lueders A, Maj M, Malik NI, Martinez A, McCabe KO, Mehulić J, Milla MN, Mohammed I, Molinario E, Moyano M, Muhammad H, Mula S, Muluk H, Myroniuk S, Najafi R, Nisa CF, Nyúl B, O'Keefe PA, Osuna JJO, Osin EN, Park J, Pica G, Pierro A, Rees J, Reitsema AM, Resta E, Rullo M, Ryan MK, Samekin A, Santtila P, Sasin EM, Schumpe BM, Selim HA, Stroebe W, Sultana S, Sutton RM, Tseliou E, Utsugi A, van Breen JA, Van Lissa CJ, Van Veen K, Vázquez A, Wollast R, Yeung VW, Zand S, Žeželj IL, Zheng B, Zick A, Zúñiga C, Leander NP. COVID-19 stressors and health behaviors: A multilevel longitudinal study across 86 countries. Prev Med Rep 2022; 27:101764. [PMID: 35313454 PMCID: PMC8928741 DOI: 10.1016/j.pmedr.2022.101764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2021] [Revised: 03/06/2022] [Accepted: 03/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
COVID-19 economic burden was associated with reduced diet quality and sleep quality. COVID-19 economic burden was linked with increased cigarette smoking. Those with high infection risk and high economic burden reported worse diet quality. High perceived infection risk and high economic burden predicted low sleep quality. Neither infection risk nor economic burden predicted exercise or binge drinking.
Anxiety associated with the COVID-19 pandemic and home confinement has been associated with adverse health behaviors, such as unhealthy eating, smoking, and drinking. However, most studies have been limited by regional sampling, which precludes the examination of behavioral consequences associated with the pandemic at a global level. Further, few studies operationalized pandemic-related stressors to enable the investigation of the impact of different types of stressors on health outcomes. This study examined the association between perceived risk of COVID-19 infection and economic burden of COVID-19 with health-promoting and health-damaging behaviors using data from the PsyCorona Study: an international, longitudinal online study of psychological and behavioral correlates of COVID-19. Analyses utilized data from 7,402 participants from 86 countries across three waves of assessment between May 16 and June 13, 2020. Participants completed self-report measures of COVID-19 infection risk, COVID-19-related economic burden, physical exercise, diet quality, cigarette smoking, sleep quality, and binge drinking. Multilevel structural equation modeling analyses showed that across three time points, perceived economic burden was associated with reduced diet quality and sleep quality, as well as increased smoking. Diet quality and sleep quality were lowest among respondents who perceived high COVID-19 infection risk combined with high economic burden. Neither binge drinking nor exercise were associated with perceived COVID-19 infection risk, economic burden, or their interaction. Findings point to the value of developing interventions to address COVID-related stressors, which have an impact on health behaviors that, in turn, may influence vulnerability to COVID-19 and other health outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shian-Ling Keng
- Monash University Malaysia, Malaysia
- Yale-NUS College, Singapore, Singapore
- Corresponding author at: Monash University Malaysia, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, Bandar Sunway, 47500 Subang Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Sima Basel
- New York University Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Sára Csaba
- Eötvös Loránd University (ELTE), Budapest, Hungary
| | | | - Ivan Danyliuk
- Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kiev, Ukraine
| | | | | | | | - Violeta Enea
- Alexandru Ioan Cuza University of Iasi, Iasi, Romania
| | | | | | | | - Ángel Gómez
- Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia (UNED), Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Qing Han
- University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Mai Helmy
- Menoufia University, Al Minufiyah, Egypt
- Sultan Qaboos University, Egypt
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Anna Kende
- Eötvös Loránd University (ELTE), Budapest, Hungary
| | | | - Yasin Koc
- University of Groningen, The Netherlands
| | | | - Inna Kozytska
- Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kiev, Ukraine
| | | | | | - Anton Kurapov
- Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kiev, Ukraine
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Marta Maj
- Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Evgeny N. Osin
- National Research University Higher School of Economics, Moscow, Russia
| | | | | | | | - Jonas Rees
- University of Bielefeld, Bielefeld, Germany
| | | | | | | | - Michelle K. Ryan
- University of Groningen, The Netherlands
- University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| | - Adil Samekin
- School of Liberal Arts, M. Narikbayev KAZGUU University, Nur-Sultan, Kazakhstan
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7
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Van Lissa CJ, Stroebe W, vanDellen MR, Leander NP, Agostini M, Draws T, Grygoryshyn A, Gützgow B, Kreienkamp J, Vetter CS, Abakoumkin G, Abdul Khaiyom JH, Ahmedi V, Akkas H, Almenara CA, Atta M, Bagci SC, Basel S, Kida EB, Bernardo ABI, Buttrick NR, Chobthamkit P, Choi HS, Cristea M, Csaba S, Damnjanović K, Danyliuk I, Dash A, Di Santo D, Douglas KM, Enea V, Faller DG, Fitzsimons GJ, Gheorghiu A, Gómez Á, Hamaidia A, Han Q, Helmy M, Hudiyana J, Jeronimus BF, Jiang DY, Jovanović V, Kamenov Ž, Kende A, Keng SL, Thanh Kieu TT, Koc Y, Kovyazina K, Kozytska I, Krause J, Kruglanksi AW, Kurapov A, Kutlaca M, Lantos NA, Lemay EP, Jaya Lesmana CB, Louis WR, Lueders A, Malik NI, Martinez AP, McCabe KO, Mehulić J, Milla MN, Mohammed I, Molinario E, Moyano M, Muhammad H, Mula S, Muluk H, Myroniuk S, Najafi R, Nisa CF, Nyúl B, O'Keefe PA, Olivas Osuna JJ, Osin EN, Park J, Pica G, Pierro A, Rees JH, Reitsema AM, Resta E, Rullo M, Ryan MK, Samekin A, Santtila P, Sasin EM, Schumpe BM, Selim HA, Stanton MV, Sultana S, Sutton RM, Tseliou E, Utsugi A, Anne van Breen J, Van Veen K, Vázquez A, Wollast R, Wai-Lan Yeung V, Zand S, Žeželj IL, Zheng B, Zick A, Zúñiga C, Bélanger JJ. Using machine learning to identify important predictors of COVID-19 infection prevention behaviors during the early phase of the pandemic. Patterns (N Y) 2022; 3:100482. [PMID: 35282654 PMCID: PMC8904175 DOI: 10.1016/j.patter.2022.100482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2021] [Revised: 12/23/2021] [Accepted: 03/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Before vaccines for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) became available, a set of infection-prevention behaviors constituted the primary means to mitigate the virus spread. Our study aimed to identify important predictors of this set of behaviors. Whereas social and health psychological theories suggest a limited set of predictors, machine-learning analyses can identify correlates from a larger pool of candidate predictors. We used random forests to rank 115 candidate correlates of infection-prevention behavior in 56,072 participants across 28 countries, administered in March to May 2020. The machine-learning model predicted 52% of the variance in infection-prevention behavior in a separate test sample—exceeding the performance of psychological models of health behavior. Results indicated the two most important predictors related to individual-level injunctive norms. Illustrating how data-driven methods can complement theory, some of the most important predictors were not derived from theories of health behavior—and some theoretically derived predictors were relatively unimportant. We studied predictors of COVID-19 prevention behaviors in a cross-national study The strongest predictors related to injunctive norms
In the absence of a vaccine or cure, virus containment depended on individual-level compliance with behaviors recommended by the World Health Organization. We used machine learning to identify the most important indicators of compliance, based on a large international psychological survey and on country-level secondary data. The most important indicators were not the “usual suspects,” such as personal threat of virus infection, but rather injunctive norms—namely, the belief that one’s community should engage in such behavior and that society should take restrictive virus-containment measures. People who tend to engage in infection-prevention behaviors also tend to believe that general compliance is necessary to defeat the pandemic, which extends to endorsement of “ought” norms and support for behavioral mandates. These results highlight the potential to intervene by shaping social norms and expectations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caspar J Van Lissa
- Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands.,Open Science Community Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | | | | | - N Pontus Leander
- University of Groningen, Gronigen, the Netherlands.,Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA
| | | | - Tim Draws
- Delft University of Technology, Delft, the Netherlands
| | | | - Ben Gützgow
- University of Groningen, Gronigen, the Netherlands
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Sima Basel
- New York University Abu Dhabi, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Sára Csaba
- ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
| | | | - Ivan Danyliuk
- Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, Ukraine
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Ángel Gómez
- Universidad Nacional de Educacion a Distancia, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Qing Han
- University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Mai Helmy
- Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat, Oman.,Menoufia University, Shibin Al Kawm, Al Minufiyah, Egypt
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Anna Kende
- ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
| | | | | | - Yasin Koc
- University of Groningen, Gronigen, the Netherlands
| | | | - Inna Kozytska
- Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, Ukraine
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Hamdi Muluk
- Menoufia University, Shibin Al Kawm, Al Minufiyah, Egypt
| | | | | | - Claudia F Nisa
- New York University Abu Dhabi, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Marika Rullo
- University of Siena - Arezzo Campus, Siena, Italy
| | - Michelle K Ryan
- University of Groningen, Gronigen, the Netherlands.,University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| | - Adil Samekin
- M. Narikbayev KAZGUU University, Nur-Sultan, Kazakhstan
| | | | - Edyta M Sasin
- New York University Abu Dhabi, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Somayeh Zand
- Florida Gulf Coast University, Fort Myers, FL, USA
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8
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Stroebe W, vanDellen MR, Abakoumkin G, Lemay EP, Schiavone WM, Agostini M, Bélanger JJ, Gützkow B, Kreienkamp J, Reitsema AM, Khaiyom JHA, Ahmedi V, Akkas H, Almenara CA, Atta M, Bagci SC, Basel S, Kida EB, Bernardo ABI, Buttrick NR, Chobthamkit P, Choi HS, Cristea M, Csaba S, Damnjanović K, Danyliuk I, Dash A, Santo DD, Douglas KM, Enea V, Faller DG, Fitzsimons G, Gheorghiu A, Gómez Á, Hamaidia A, Han Q, Helmy M, Hudiyana J, Jeronimus BF, Jiang DY, Jovanović V, Kamenov Ž, Kende A, Keng SL, Kieu TTT, Koc Y, Kovyazina K, Kozytska I, Krause J, Kruglanksi AW, Kurapov A, Kutlaca M, Lantos NA, Lemsmana CBJ, Louis WR, Lueders A, Malik NI, Martinez A, McCabe KO, Mehulić J, Milla MN, Mohammed I, Molinario E, Moyano M, Muhammad H, Mula S, Muluk H, Myroniuk S, Najafi R, Nisa CF, Nyú B, O'Keefe PA, Osuna JJO, Osin EN, Park J, Pica G, Pierro A, Rees J, Resta E, Rullo M, Ryan MK, Samekin A, Santtila P, Sasin E, Schumpe BM, Selim HA, Stanton MV, Sultana S, Sutton RM, Tseliou E, Utsugi A, van Breen JA, Van Lissa CJ, Van Veen K, Vázquez A, Wollast R, Yeung VWL, Zand S, Žeželj IL, Zheng B, Zick A, Zúñiga C, Leander NP. Correction: Politicization of COVID-19 health-protective behaviors in the United States: Longitudinal and cross-national evidence. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0263100. [PMID: 35061850 PMCID: PMC8782351 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0263100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0256740.].
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9
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Krys K, Yeung JC, Capaldi CA, Lun VMC, Torres C, van Tilburg WAP, Bond MH, Zelenski JM, Haas BW, Park J, Maricchiolo F, Vauclair CM, Kosiarczyk A, Kocimska-Zych A, Kwiatkowska A, Adamovic M, Pavlopoulos V, Fülöp M, Sirlopu D, Okvitawanli A, Boer D, Teyssier J, Malyonova A, Gavreliuc A, Uchida Y, Serdarevich U, Akotia C, Appoh L, Mira, D.M. A, Baltin A, Denoux P, Dominguez-Espinosa A, Esteves CS, Gamsakhurdia V, Garðarsdóttir RB, Igbokwe DO, Igou ER, Işık İ, Kascakova N, Klůzová Kračmárová L, Kronberger N, Lee JH, Liu X, Barrientos PE, Mohorić T, Mustaffa NF, Mosca O, Nader M, Nadi A, van Osch Y, Pavlović Z, Poláčková Šolcová I, Rizwan M, Romashov V, Røysamb E, Sargautyte R, Schwarz B, Selecká L, Selim HA, Stogianni M, Sun CR, Xing C, Vignoles VL. Societal emotional environments and cross-cultural differences in life satisfaction: A forty-nine country study. The Journal of Positive Psychology 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/17439760.2020.1858332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Kuba Krys
- Institute of Psychology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
- Kokoro Research Center, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - June Chun Yeung
- Department of Applied Psychology, Lingnan University, Tuen Mun, Hong Kong
| | | | - Vivian Miu-Chi Lun
- Department of Applied Psychology, Lingnan University, Tuen Mun, Hong Kong
| | - Claudio Torres
- Institute of Psychology, University of Brasilia, Brasilia, Brazil
| | | | - Michael Harris Bond
- Department of Management and Marketing, Faculty of Business, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong
| | | | - Brian W. Haas
- Department of Psychology, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, United States
| | - Joonha Park
- Graduate School of Management, NUCB Business School, Nagoya, Japan
| | | | | | - Aleksandra Kosiarczyk
- Wroclaw Faculty of Psychology, SWPS University of Social Sciences and Humanities, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Agata Kocimska-Zych
- Wroclaw Faculty of Psychology, SWPS University of Social Sciences and Humanities, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Anna Kwiatkowska
- Institute of Psychology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | | | - Vassilis Pavlopoulos
- Department of Psychology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Márta Fülöp
- Institute of Psychology, Károli Gáspár University of the Reformed Church, Budapest, Hungary
- Research Centre of Natural Sciences, Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience and Psychology, Eötvös Loránd Research Network, Budapest, Hungary
| | - David Sirlopu
- Faculty of Psychology, Universidad del Desarrollo, Concepción, Chile
| | | | - Diana Boer
- Institute of Psychology, University of Koblenz-Landau, Koblenz, Germany
| | - Julien Teyssier
- Département Psychologie Clinique Du Sujet, Université Toulouse II, Toulouse, France
| | - Arina Malyonova
- Department of General and Social Psychology, Faculty of Psychology Dostoevsky Omsk State University, Omsk, Russia
| | - Alin Gavreliuc
- Department of Psychology, West University of Timisoara, Timisoara, Romania
| | - Yukiko Uchida
- Kokoro Research Center, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
- Center for Advanced Study in the Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, United States
| | | | - Charity Akotia
- Department of Psychology, School of Social Sciences, University of Ghana, Ghana
| | - Lily Appoh
- Faculty of Nursing and Health Sciences, Nord University, Norway
| | | | - Arno Baltin
- School of Natural Sciences and Health, Tallinn University, Tallinn, Estonia
| | - Patrick Denoux
- Département Psychologie Clinique Du Sujet, Université Toulouse II, Toulouse, France
| | | | - Carla Sofia Esteves
- Universidade Católica Portuguesa, Católica Lisbon School of Business & Economics, Católica Lisbon Research Unit in Business and Economics, Portugal
| | | | | | | | - Eric R. Igou
- Department of Psychology, University of Limerick, Limerick, Republic of Ireland
| | - İdil Işık
- Organizational Psychology Master’s Program, Istanbul Bilgi University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Natalia Kascakova
- Olomouc University Social Health Institute, Palacky University, Olomouc, Czech Republic
- Psychiatric Clinic Pro Mente Sana, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Lucie Klůzová Kračmárová
- Department of Christian Education, Cyril and Methodius Faculty of Theology, Palacký University, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Nicole Kronberger
- Institute for Education and Psychology, Johannes Kepler University Linz, Linz, Austria
| | - J. Hannah Lee
- Department of Psychology, Indiana University Northwest, Gary, Indiana, United States
| | - Xinhui Liu
- Department of Psychology, Renmin University of China, Beijing, China
| | | | - Tamara Mohorić
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, University of Rijeka, Rijeka, Croatia
| | - Nur Fariza Mustaffa
- Department of Business Administration, International Islamic University Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Oriana Mosca
- Department of Education, Psychology, Philosophy, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Martin Nader
- Department of Psychological Studies, Universidad ICESI, Cali, Colombia
| | - Azar Nadi
- Institute of Psychology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Yvette van Osch
- Department of Social Psychology, Tilburg School of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Tilburg University, The Netherlands
| | - Zoran Pavlović
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Philosophy University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | | | - Muhammad Rizwan
- Department of Psychology, University of Haripur, KPK, Pakistan
| | | | - Espen Røysamb
- Department of Psychology, University of Haripur, KPK, Pakistan
| | | | - Beate Schwarz
- Institute of Psychology, Faculty of Philosophy, Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Lenka Selecká
- Department of Applied Psychology, Zurich University of Applied Sciences, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Heyla A. Selim
- University of St. Cyril and Methodius of Trnava, Trnava, Slovakia
| | | | - Chien-Ru Sun
- Department of Behavioural and Cognitive Sciences, University of Luxembourg, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
| | - Cai Xing
- Department of Psychology, National Chengchi University, Taiwan, Republic of China
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10
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Mula S, Di Santo D, Resta E, Bakhtiari F, Baldner C, Molinario E, Pierro A, Gelfand MJ, Denison E, Agostini M, Bélanger JJ, Gützkow B, Kreienkamp J, Abakoumkin G, Abdul Khaiyom JH, Ahmedi V, Akkas H, Almenara CA, Atta M, Bagci SC, Basel S, Kida EB, Bernardo ABI, Buttrick NR, Chobthamkit P, Choi HS, Cristea M, Csaba S, Damnjanovic K, Danyliuk I, Dash A, Douglas KM, Enea V, Faller DG, Fitzsimons GJ, Gheorghiu A, Gómez Á, Hamaidia A, Han Q, Helmy M, Hudiyana J, Jeronimus BF, Jiang DY, Jovanović V, Kamenov Ž, Kende A, Keng SL, Kieu TTT, Koc Y, Kovyazina K, Kozytska I, Krause J, Kruglanski AW, Kurapov A, Kutlaca M, Lantos NA, Lemay EP, Lesmana CBJ, Louis WR, Lueders A, Malik NI, Martinez A, McCabe KO, Mehulić J, Milla MN, Mohammed I, Moyano M, Muhammad H, Muluk H, Myroniuk S, Najafi R, Nisa CF, Nyúl B, O'Keefe PA, Olivas Osuna JJ, Osin EN, Park J, Pica G, Rees JH, Reitsema AM, Rullo M, Ryan MK, Samekin A, Santtila P, Sasin E, Schumpe BM, Selim HA, Stanton MV, Stroebe W, Sultana S, Sutton RM, Tseliou E, Utsugi A, van Breen JA, van Lissa CJ, Van Veen K, vanDellen MR, Vázquez A, Wollast R, Yeung VWL, Zand S, Žeželj IL, Zheng B, Zick A, Zúñiga C, Leander NP. Concern with COVID-19 pandemic threat and attitudes towards immigrants: The mediating effect of the desire for tightness. Curr Res Ecol Soc Psychol 2021; 3:100028. [PMID: 35098189 PMCID: PMC8691133 DOI: 10.1016/j.cresp.2021.100028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2021] [Revised: 12/02/2021] [Accepted: 12/07/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Tightening social norms is thought to be adaptive for dealing with collective threat yet it may have negative consequences for increasing prejudice. The present research investigated the role of desire for cultural tightness, triggered by the COVID-19 pandemic, in increasing negative attitudes towards immigrants. We used participant-level data from 41 countries (N = 55,015) collected as part of the PsyCorona project, a cross-national longitudinal study on responses to COVID-19. Our predictions were tested through multilevel and SEM models, treating participants as nested within countries. Results showed that people's concern with COVID-19 threat was related to greater desire for tightness which, in turn, was linked to more negative attitudes towards immigrants. These findings were followed up with a longitudinal model (N = 2,349) which also showed that people's heightened concern with COVID-19 in an earlier stage of the pandemic was associated with an increase in their desire for tightness and negative attitudes towards immigrants later in time. Our findings offer insight into the trade-offs that tightening social norms under collective threat has for human groups.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Michele J Gelfand
- University of Maryland, College Park, USA
- Stanford Graduate School of Business
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Ángel Gómez
- Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia
| | | | | | - Mai Helmy
- Menoufia University
- Sultan Qaboos University
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Evgeny N Osin
- National Research University Higher School of Economics
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Michelle K Ryan
- University of Groningen
- University of Exeter
- University of Groningen
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11
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Stroebe W, vanDellen MR, Abakoumkin G, Lemay EP, Schiavone WM, Agostini M, Bélanger JJ, Gützkow B, Kreienkamp J, Reitsema AM, Abdul Khaiyom JH, Ahmedi V, Akkas H, Almenara CA, Atta M, Bagci SC, Basel S, Berisha Kida E, Bernardo ABI, Buttrick NR, Chobthamkit P, Choi HS, Cristea M, Csaba S, Damnjanović K, Danyliuk I, Dash A, Di Santo D, Douglas KM, Enea V, Faller DG, Fitzsimons G, Gheorghiu A, Gómez Á, Hamaidia A, Han Q, Helmy M, Hudiyana J, Jeronimus BF, Jiang DY, Jovanović V, Kamenov Ž, Kende A, Keng SL, Kieu TTT, Koc Y, Kovyazina K, Kozytska I, Krause J, Kruglanksi AW, Kurapov A, Kutlaca M, Lantos NA, Lemsmana CBJ, Louis WR, Lueders A, Malik NI, Martinez A, McCabe KO, Mehulić J, Milla MN, Mohammed I, Molinario E, Moyano M, Muhammad H, Mula S, Muluk H, Myroniuk S, Najafi R, Nisa CF, Nyúl B, O’Keefe PA, Olivas Osuna JJ, Osin EN, Park J, Pica G, Pierro A, Rees J, Resta E, Rullo M, Ryan MK, Samekin A, Santtila P, Sasin E, Schumpe BM, Selim HA, Stanton MV, Sultana S, Sutton RM, Tseliou E, Utsugi A, van Breen JA, Van Lissa CJ, Van Veen K, Vázquez A, Wollast R, Wai-Lan Yeung V, Zand S, Žeželj IL, Zheng B, Zick A, Zúñiga C, Leander NP. Politicization of COVID-19 health-protective behaviors in the United States: Longitudinal and cross-national evidence. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0256740. [PMID: 34669724 PMCID: PMC8528320 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0256740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Accepted: 08/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
During the initial phase of the COVID-19 pandemic, U.S. conservative politicians and the media downplayed the risk of both contracting COVID-19 and the effectiveness of recommended health behaviors. Health behavior theories suggest perceived vulnerability to a health threat and perceived effectiveness of recommended health-protective behaviors determine motivation to follow recommendations. Accordingly, we predicted that-as a result of politicization of the pandemic-politically conservative Americans would be less likely to enact recommended health-protective behaviors. In two longitudinal studies of U.S. residents, political conservatism was inversely associated with perceived health risk and adoption of health-protective behaviors over time. The effects of political orientation on health-protective behaviors were mediated by perceived risk of infection, perceived severity of infection, and perceived effectiveness of the health-protective behaviors. In a global cross-national analysis, effects were stronger in the U.S. (N = 10,923) than in an international sample (total N = 51,986), highlighting the increased and overt politicization of health behaviors in the U.S.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wolfgang Stroebe
- Department of Psychology, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Michelle R. vanDellen
- Department of Psychology, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Georgios Abakoumkin
- Laboratory of Psychology, Department of Early Childhood Education, University of Thessaly, Volos, Greece
| | - Edward P. Lemay
- Department of Psychology, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, United States of America
| | - William M. Schiavone
- Department of Psychology, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, United States of America
| | | | - Jocelyn J. Bélanger
- Department of Psychology, New York University Abu Dhabi, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Ben Gützkow
- Department of Psychology, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Jannis Kreienkamp
- Department of Psychology, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | | | | | - Vjolica Ahmedi
- Faculty of Education, Pristine University, Pristina, Kosovo
| | - Handan Akkas
- Organizational Behavior, Ankara Science University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Carlos A. Almenara
- Faculty of Health Science, Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas, Lima, Peru
| | - Mohsin Atta
- Department of Psychology, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, Pakistan
| | | | - Sima Basel
- Department of Psychology, New York University Abu Dhabi, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | | | | | - Nicholas R. Buttrick
- Department of Psychology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, United States of America
| | | | - Hoon-Seok Choi
- Department of Psychology, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Mioara Cristea
- Department of Psychology, Heriot Watt University, Edinburgh, Scotland
| | - Sára Csaba
- Department of Psychology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Kaja Damnjanović
- Department of Psychology, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Ivan Danyliuk
- Department of Psychology, Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, Ukraine
| | - Arobindu Dash
- Department of Social Sciences, International University of Business Agriculture and Technology, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Daniela Di Santo
- Department of Social and Developmental Psychology, University "La Sapienza", Rome, Italy
| | | | - Violeta Enea
- Department of Psychology, Alexandru Ioan Cuza University, Iași, Romania
| | - Daiane Gracieli Faller
- Department of Psychology, New York University Abu Dhabi, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Gavan Fitzsimons
- Departments of Marketing and Psychology, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America
| | | | - Ángel Gómez
- Center for European Studies, Faculty of Law, Universidad Nacional de Educacion a Distancia, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ali Hamaidia
- Department of Psychology and Human Resources Development, Setif 2 University, Setif, Algeria
| | - Qing Han
- The School of Psychological Science, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Mai Helmy
- Department of Psychology, Menoufia University, Al Minufiyah, Egypt
| | | | | | - Ding-Yu Jiang
- Department of Psychology, National Chung-Cheng University, Minxiong, Taiwan
| | - Veljko Jovanović
- Department of Psychology, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Željka Kamenov
- Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Anna Kende
- Department of Psychology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Shian-Ling Keng
- Division of Social Science, Yale-NUS College, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Tra Thi Thanh Kieu
- Department of Psychology, HCMC University of Education, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Yasin Koc
- Department of Psychology, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | | | - Inna Kozytska
- Department of Psychology, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, Pakistan
| | - Joshua Krause
- Department of Psychology, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Arie W. Kruglanksi
- Department of Psychology, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Anton Kurapov
- Department of Psychology, Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, Ukraine
| | - Maja Kutlaca
- Department of Psychology, Durham University, Durham, United Kingdom
| | - Nóra Anna Lantos
- Department of Psychology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
| | | | | | - Adrian Lueders
- Laboratoire de Psychologie Sociale et Cognitive, Université Clermont-Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Najma Iqbal Malik
- Department of Psychology, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, Pakistan
| | - Anton Martinez
- Department of Psychology, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Kira O. McCabe
- Department of Psychology, Carleton University, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Jasmina Mehulić
- Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Mirra Noor Milla
- Department of Psychology, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Idris Mohammed
- Mass Communication, Usmanu Danfodiyo University Sokoto, Sokoto, Nigeria
| | - Erica Molinario
- Department of Psychology, Florida Gulf Coast University, Fort Myers, Florida, United States of America
| | - Manuel Moyano
- Department of Psychology, University of Cordoba, Andalusia, Spain
| | - Hayat Muhammad
- Department of Psychology, University of Peshawar, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Silvana Mula
- Department of Social and Developmental Psychology, University "La Sapienza", Rome, Italy
| | - Hamdi Muluk
- Department of Psychology, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Solomiia Myroniuk
- Department of Psychology, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Reza Najafi
- Department of Psychology, Islamic Azad University, Rasht, Iran
| | - Claudia F. Nisa
- Department of Psychology, New York University Abu Dhabi, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Boglárka Nyúl
- Department of Psychology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Paul A. O’Keefe
- Division of Social Science, Yale-NUS College, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jose Javier Olivas Osuna
- Department of Political Science and Administration, National Distance Education University (UNED), Madrid, Spain
| | - Evgeny N. Osin
- Department of Psychology, HSE University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Joonha Park
- Graduate School of Management, NUCB Business School, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Gennaro Pica
- School of Law, University of Camerino, Camerino, Italy
| | - Antonio Pierro
- Department of Social and Developmental Psychology, University "La Sapienza", Rome, Italy
| | - Jonas Rees
- Research Institute Social Cohesion, Institute for Interdisciplinary Research on Conflict and Violence, and Department of Social Psychology Bielefeld University, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Elena Resta
- Department of Social and Developmental Psychology, University "La Sapienza", Rome, Italy
| | - Marika Rullo
- Department of Educational, Humanities and Intercultural Communication, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Michelle K. Ryan
- Department of Psychology, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
- Department of Psychology, University of Exeter, Exeter, United Kingdom
| | - Adil Samekin
- School of Liberal Arts, M. Narikbayec KAZGUU University, Nur-Sultan, Kazakhstan
| | - Pekka Santtila
- Department of Psychology, New York University Shanghai, Shanghai, China
| | - Edyta Sasin
- Department of Psychology, New York University Abu Dhabi, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Birga M. Schumpe
- Faculty of Social and Behavioural Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Heyla A. Selim
- Department of Psychology, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Michael Vicente Stanton
- Department of Public Health, California State University East Bay, Hayward, California, United States of America
| | - Samiah Sultana
- Department of Psychology, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | | | - Eleftheria Tseliou
- Laboratory of Psychology, Department of Early Childhood Education, University of Thessaly, Volos, Greece
| | - Akira Utsugi
- Department of Psychology, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
| | | | - Caspar J. Van Lissa
- Department of Methodology & Statistics, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Kees Van Veen
- Department of Psychology, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Alexandra Vázquez
- Center for European Studies, Faculty of Law, Universidad Nacional de Educacion a Distancia, Madrid, Spain
| | - Robin Wollast
- Laboratoire de Psychologie Sociale et Cognitive, Université Clermont-Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | | | - Somayeh Zand
- Department of Psychology, Islamic Azad University, Rasht, Iran
| | - Iris Lav Žeželj
- Department of Psychology, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Bang Zheng
- Ageing Epidemiology Research Unit, School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Andreas Zick
- Research Institute Social Cohesion, Institute for Interdisciplinary Research on Conflict and Violence, and Department of Social Psychology Bielefeld University, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Claudia Zúñiga
- Department of Psychology, Universidad de Chile, Santiago de Chile, Chile
| | - N. Pontus Leander
- Department of Psychology, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
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12
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Resta E, Mula S, Baldner C, Di Santo D, Agostini M, Bélanger JJ, Gützkow B, Kreienkamp J, Abakoumkin G, Khaiyom JHA, Ahmedi V, Akkas H, Almenara CA, Atta M, Bagci SC, Basel S, Kida EB, Bernardo ABI, Buttrick NR, Chobthamkit P, Choi HS, Cristea M, Csaba S, Damnjanović K, Danyliuk I, Dash A, Douglas KM, Enea V, Faller DG, Fitzsimons GJ, Gheorghiu A, Gómez Á, Hamaidia A, Han Q, Helmy M, Hudiyana J, Jeronimus BF, Jiang DY, Jovanović V, Kamenov Z, Kende A, Keng SL, Kieu TTT, Koc Y, Kovyazina K, Kozytska I, Krause J, Kruglanski AW, Kurapov A, Kutlaca M, Lantos NA, Lemay EP, Lesmana CBJ, Louis WR, Lueders A, Malik NI, Martinez AP, McCabe KO, Mehulić J, Milla MN, Mohammed I, Molinario E, Moyano M, Muhammad H, Muluk H, Myroniuk S, Najafi R, Nisa CF, Nyúl B, O'Keefe PA, Osuna JJO, Osin EN, Park J, Pica G, Pierro A, Rees JH, Reitsema AM, Rullo M, Ryan MK, Samekin A, Santtila P, Sasin E, Schumpe BM, Selim HA, Stanton MV, Stroebe W, Sultana S, Sutton RM, Tseliou E, Utsugi A, van Breen JA, van Lissa CJ, van Veen K, van Dellen MR, Vázquez A, Wollast R, Yeung VWL, Zand S, Žeželj IL, Zheng B, Zick A, Zúñiga C, Leander NP. 'We are all in the same boat': How societal discontent affects intention to help during the COVID-19 pandemic. J Community Appl Soc Psychol 2021; 32:332-347. [PMID: 34898961 PMCID: PMC8653108 DOI: 10.1002/casp.2572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2021] [Accepted: 08/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) pandemic has caused a global health crisis. Consequently, many countries have adopted restrictive measures that caused a substantial change in society. Within this framework, it is reasonable to suppose that a sentiment of societal discontent, defined as generalized concern about the precarious state of society, has arisen. Literature shows that collectively experienced situations can motivate people to help each other. Since societal discontent is conceptualized as a collective phenomenon, we argue that it could influence intention to help others, particularly those who suffer from coronavirus. Thus, in the present study, we aimed (a) to explore the relationship between societal discontent and intention to help at the individual level and (b) to investigate a possible moderating effect of societal discontent at the country level on this relationship. To fulfil our purposes, we used data collected in 42 countries (N = 61,734) from the PsyCorona Survey, a cross‐national longitudinal study. Results of multilevel analysis showed that, when societal discontent is experienced by the entire community, individuals dissatisfied with society are more prone to help others. Testing the model with longitudinal data (N = 3,817) confirmed our results. Implications for those findings are discussed in relation to crisis management. Please refer to the Supplementary Material section to find this article's Community and Social Impact Statement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Resta
- Department of Developmental and Social Psychology Sapienza University of Rome Rome Italy
| | - Silvana Mula
- Department of Developmental and Social Psychology Sapienza University of Rome Rome Italy
| | - Conrad Baldner
- Department of Developmental and Social Psychology Sapienza University of Rome Rome Italy
| | - Daniela Di Santo
- Department of Developmental and Social Psychology Sapienza University of Rome Rome Italy
| | | | | | - Ben Gützkow
- Department of Psychology University of Groningen Groningen Netherlands
| | - Jannis Kreienkamp
- Department of Psychology University of Groningen Groningen Netherlands
| | - Georgios Abakoumkin
- Laboratory of Psychology, Department of Early Childhood Education University of Thessaly Volos Greece
| | | | | | - Handan Akkas
- Business Administration Department Ankara Science University Ankara Turkey
| | - Carlos A Almenara
- Faculty of Health Science Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas Santiago de Surco Peru
| | - Mohsin Atta
- Department of Psychology University of Sargodha Sargodha Pakistan
| | | | - Sima Basel
- Department of Social Sciences New York University Abu Dhabi Abu Dhabi UAE
| | | | | | - Nicholas R Buttrick
- Department of Psychology University of Virginia Charlottesville Virginia USA
| | | | - Hoon-Seok Choi
- Department of Psychology Sungkyunkwan University Seoul South Korea
| | - Mioara Cristea
- Department of Psychology Heriot Watt University Edinburgh Scotland
| | - Sara Csaba
- Doctoral School of Psychology ELTE Eötvös Loránd University Budapest Hungary
| | | | - Ivan Danyliuk
- Department of Psychology Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv Kyiv Ukraine
| | - Arobindu Dash
- Department of Social Sciences International University of Business Agriculture and Technology Dhaka Bangladesh
| | | | - Violeta Enea
- Department of Psychology Alexandru Ioan Cuza University Iași Romania
| | | | | | - Alexandra Gheorghiu
- Center for European Studies, Faculty of Law Alexandru Ioan Cuza University Iași Romania
| | - Ángel Gómez
- Social and Organizational Psychology Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia Madrid Spain
| | - Ali Hamaidia
- Psychology/ Research Unit Human Resources Development Setif 2 University Sétif Algeria
| | - Qing Han
- The School of Psychological Science University of Bristol Bristol UK
| | - Mai Helmy
- Psychology Department, College of Education Sultan Qaboos University Muscat Oman.,Psychology Department Faculty of Arts, Menoufia University Shebin El-Kom Egypt
| | | | | | - Ding-Yu Jiang
- Department of Psychology National Chung-Cheng University Chiayi Taiwan
| | | | - Zeljka Kamenov
- Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences University of Zagreb Zagreb Croatia
| | - Anna Kende
- Department of Social Psychology ELTE Eötvös Loránd University Budapest Hungary
| | - Shian-Ling Keng
- Division of Social Science Yale-NUS College Singapore Singapore
| | - Tra Thi Thanh Kieu
- Department of Psychology HCMC University of Education Ho Chi Minh City Vietnam
| | - Yasin Koc
- Department of Psychology University of Groningen Groningen Netherlands
| | | | - Inna Kozytska
- Department of Psychology Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv Kyiv Ukraine
| | - Joshua Krause
- Department of Psychology University of Groningen Groningen Netherlands
| | - Arie W Kruglanski
- Department of Psychology University of Maryland College Park Maryland USA
| | - Anton Kurapov
- Department of Psychology Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv Kyiv Ukraine
| | - Maja Kutlaca
- Department of Psychology Durham University Durham UK
| | - Nóra Anna Lantos
- Department of Social Psychology ELTE Eötvös Loránd University Budapest Hungary
| | - Edward P Lemay
- Department of Psychology University of Maryland College Park Maryland USA
| | | | | | - Adrian Lueders
- Department of Psychology University of Limerick Limerick Ireland
| | | | | | - Kira O McCabe
- Department of Psychology Carleton University Ottawa Ontario Canada
| | - Jasmina Mehulić
- Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences University of Zagreb Zagreb Croatia
| | - Mirra Noor Milla
- Department of Psychology Universitas Indonesia Kota Depok Indonesia
| | - Idris Mohammed
- Mass Communication Usmanu Danfodiyo University Sokoto Sokoto Nigeria
| | - Erica Molinario
- Department of Psychology Florida Gulf Coast University Fort Myers Florida USA
| | - Manuel Moyano
- Department of Psychology University of Cordoba Córdoba Spain
| | - Hayat Muhammad
- Department of Psychology University of Peshawar Peshawar Pakistan
| | - Hamdi Muluk
- Department of Psychology Universitas Indonesia Kota Depok Indonesia
| | - Solomiia Myroniuk
- Department of Psychology University of Groningen Groningen Netherlands
| | - Reza Najafi
- Department of Psychology Islamic Azad University, Rasht Branch Rasht Iran
| | - Claudia F Nisa
- Department of Psychology New York University Abu Dhabi Abu Dhabi UAE
| | - Boglárka Nyúl
- Department of Social Psychology ELTE Eötvös Loránd University Budapest Hungary
| | - Paul A O'Keefe
- Division of Social Science Yale-NUS College Singapore Singapore.,Department of Management and Organisation National University of Singapore Business School Singapore Singapore
| | - Jose Javier Olivas Osuna
- Department of Political Science and Administration National Distance Education University (UNED) Madrid Spain
| | - Evgeny N Osin
- Department of Psychology HSE University Moscow Russia
| | - Joonha Park
- Graduate School of Management NUCB Business School Nagoya Japan
| | - Gennaro Pica
- School of Law University of Camerino Camerino Italy
| | - Antonio Pierro
- Department of Developmental and Social Psychology Sapienza University of Rome Rome Italy
| | - Jonas H Rees
- Research Institute Social Cohesion, Institute for Interdisciplinary Research on Conflict and Violence, Department of Social Psychology University of Bielefeld Bielefeld Germany
| | - Anne Margit Reitsema
- Department of Developmental Psychology University of Groningen Groningen Netherlands
| | - Marika Rullo
- Department of Educational, Humanities and Intercultural Communication University of Siena Siena Italy
| | - Michelle K Ryan
- Psychology University of Exeter Exeter UK.,Faculty of Economics and Business University of Groningen Groningen Netherlands
| | - Adil Samekin
- School of Liberal Arts M. Narikbayev KAZGUU University Nur-Sultan Kazakhstan
| | - Pekka Santtila
- Department of Psychology New York University Shanghai Shanghai China
| | - Edyta Sasin
- Department of Psychology New York University Abu Dhabi Abu Dhabi UAE
| | - Birga M Schumpe
- Faculty of Social and Behavioural Sciences University of Amsterdam Amsterdam Netherlands
| | - Heyla A Selim
- Department of Psychology King Saud University Riyadh Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Wolfgang Stroebe
- Department of Psychology University of Groningen Groningen Netherlands
| | - Samiah Sultana
- Department of Psychology University of Groningen Groningen Netherlands
| | | | - Eleftheria Tseliou
- Laboratory of Psychology, Department of Early Childhood Education University of Thessaly Volos Greece
| | - Akira Utsugi
- Graduate School of Humanities Nagoya University Nagoya Japan
| | - Jolien A van Breen
- Institute of Governance and Global Affairs Leiden University Leiden Netherlands
| | - Caspar J van Lissa
- Department of Methodology & Statistics Utrecht University Utrecht Netherlands
| | - Kees van Veen
- Sustainable Society University of Groningen Groningen Netherlands
| | | | - Alexandra Vázquez
- Social and Organizational Psychology Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia Madrid Spain
| | - Robin Wollast
- Laboratoire de Psychologie Sociale et Cognitive Université Clermont-Auvergne Clermont-Ferrand France
| | | | - Somayeh Zand
- Department of Psychology Islamic Azad University, Rasht Branch Rasht Iran
| | - Iris Lav Žeželj
- Department of Psychology University of Belgrade Belgrade Serbia
| | - Bang Zheng
- Ageing Epidemiology Research Unit, School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine Imperial College London London UK
| | - Andreas Zick
- Institute for Interdisciplinary Research on Conflict and Violence (IKG) Bielefeld University Bielefeld Germany
| | - Claudia Zúñiga
- Department of Psychology Universidad de Chile Santiago Chile
| | - N Pontus Leander
- Department of Psychology University of Groningen Groningen Netherlands
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13
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van Breen JA, Kutlaca M, Koç Y, Jeronimus BF, Reitsema AM, Jovanović V, Agostini M, Bélanger JJ, Gützkow B, Kreienkamp J, Abakoumkin G, Khaiyom JHA, Ahmedi V, Akkas H, Almenara CA, Atta M, Bagci SC, Basel S, Berisha Kida E, Bernardo ABI, Buttrick NR, Chobthamkit P, Choi HS, Cristea M, Csaba S, Damnjanovic K, Danyliuk I, Dash A, Di Santo D, Douglas KM, Enea V, Faller DG, Fitzsimons G, Gheorghiu A, Gómez Á, Hamaidia A, Han Q, Helmy M, Hudiyana J, Jiang DY, Kamenov Ž, Kende A, Keng SL, Kieu TTT, Kovyazina K, Kozytska I, Krause J, Kruglanski AW, Kurapov A, Lantos NA, Lemay EP, Lesmana CBJ, Louis WR, Lueders A, Malik NI, Martinez A, McCabe K, Mehulić J, Milla MN, Mohammed I, Molinario E, Moyano M, Muhammad H, Mula S, Muluk H, Myroniuk S, Najafi R, Nisa CF, Nyúl B, O'Keefe PA, Olivas Osuna JJ, Osin EN, Park J, Pica G, Pierro A, Rees J, Resta E, Rullo M, Ryan MK, Samekin A, Santtila P, Sasin E, Schumpe BM, Selim HA, Stanton MV, Sultana S, Sutton RM, Tseliou E, Utsugi A, van Lissa CJ, van Veen K, vanDellen MR, Vázquez A, Wollast R, Wai-Lan Yeung V, Zand S, Žeželj IL, Zheng B, Zick A, Zúñiga C, Leander NP. Lockdown Lives: A Longitudinal Study of Inter-Relationships Among Feelings of Loneliness, Social Contacts, and Solidarity During the COVID-19 Lockdown in Early 2020. Pers Soc Psychol Bull 2021; 48:1315-1330. [PMID: 34433352 DOI: 10.1177/01461672211036602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
We examine how social contacts and feelings of solidarity shape experiences of loneliness during the COVID-19 lockdown in early 2020. From the PsyCorona database, we obtained longitudinal data from 23 countries, collected between March and May 2020. The results demonstrated that although online contacts help to reduce feelings of loneliness, people who feel more lonely are less likely to use that strategy. Solidarity played only a small role in shaping feelings of loneliness during lockdown. Thus, it seems we must look beyond the current focus on online contact and solidarity to help people address feelings of loneliness during lockdown. Finally, online contacts did not function as a substitute for face-to-face contacts outside the home-in fact, more frequent online contact in earlier weeks predicted more frequent face-to-face contacts in later weeks. As such, this work provides relevant insights into how individuals manage the impact of restrictions on their social lives.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Yasin Koç
- University of Groningen, The Netherlands
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Sima Basel
- New York University Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Sára Csaba
- ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
| | | | - Ivan Danyliuk
- Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Ukraine
| | - Arobindu Dash
- International University of Business Agriculture and Technology, Bangladesh
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Ángel Gómez
- Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia, Madrid, Spain
| | | | | | - Mai Helmy
- Menoufia University, Shebin El-Kom, Egypt
| | | | | | | | - Anna Kende
- ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
| | | | | | | | - Inna Kozytska
- Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Ukraine
| | | | | | - Anton Kurapov
- Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Ukraine
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Michelle K Ryan
- University of Groningen, The Netherlands.,University of Exeter, UK
| | - Adil Samekin
- M. NARIKBAYEV KAZGUU UNIVERSITY, Nur-Sultan, Kazakhstan
| | | | - Edyta Sasin
- New York University Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Robin Wollast
- Université Clermont Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France
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Nisa CF, Bélanger JJ, Faller DG, Buttrick NR, Mierau JO, Austin MMK, Schumpe BM, Sasin EM, Agostini M, Gützkow B, Kreienkamp J, Abakoumkin G, Abdul Khaiyom JH, Ahmedi V, Akkas H, Almenara CA, Atta M, Bagci SC, Basel S, Kida EB, Bernardo ABI, Chobthamkit P, Choi HS, Cristea M, Csaba S, Damnjanović K, Danyliuk I, Dash A, Di Santo D, Douglas KM, Enea V, Fitzsimons G, Gheorghiu A, Gómez Á, Grzymala-Moszczynska J, Hamaidia A, Han Q, Helmy M, Hudiyana J, Jeronimus BF, Jiang DY, Jovanović V, Kamenov Ž, Kende A, Keng SL, Kieu TTT, Koc Y, Kovyazina K, Kozytska I, Krause J, Kruglanski AW, Kurapov A, Kutlaca M, Lantos NA, Lemay EP, Lesmana CBJ, Louis WR, Lueders A, Malik NI, Martinez A, McCabe KO, Mehulić J, Milla MN, Mohammed I, Molinario E, Moyano M, Muhammad H, Mula S, Muluk H, Myroniuk S, Najafi R, Nyúl B, O'Keefe PA, Osuna JJO, Osin EN, Park J, Pica G, Pierro A, Rees J, Reitsema AM, Resta E, Rullo M, Ryan MK, Samekin A, Santtila P, Selim HA, Stanton MV, Sultana S, Sutton RM, Tseliou E, Utsugi A, van Breen JA, Van Lissa CJ, Van Veen K, vanDellen MR, Vázquez A, Wollast R, Yeung VWL, Zand S, Žeželj IL, Zheng B, Zick A, Zúñiga C, Leander NP. Lives versus Livelihoods? Perceived economic risk has a stronger association with support for COVID-19 preventive measures than perceived health risk. Sci Rep 2021; 11:9669. [PMID: 33958617 PMCID: PMC8102566 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-88314-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2020] [Accepted: 04/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
This paper examines whether compliance with COVID-19 mitigation measures is motivated by wanting to save lives or save the economy (or both), and which implications this carries to fight the pandemic. National representative samples were collected from 24 countries (N = 25,435). The main predictors were (1) perceived risk to contract coronavirus, (2) perceived risk to suffer economic losses due to coronavirus, and (3) their interaction effect. Individual and country-level variables were added as covariates in multilevel regression models. We examined compliance with various preventive health behaviors and support for strict containment policies. Results show that perceived economic risk consistently predicted mitigation behavior and policy support-and its effects were positive. Perceived health risk had mixed effects. Only two significant interactions between health and economic risk were identified-both positive.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia F Nisa
- Department of Psychology, New York University Abu Dhabi, PO BOX 129188, Saadiyat Island, UAE.
| | - Jocelyn J Bélanger
- Department of Psychology, New York University Abu Dhabi, PO BOX 129188, Saadiyat Island, UAE
| | - Daiane G Faller
- Department of Psychology, New York University Abu Dhabi, PO BOX 129188, Saadiyat Island, UAE
| | | | | | | | | | - Edyta M Sasin
- Department of Psychology, New York University Abu Dhabi, PO BOX 129188, Saadiyat Island, UAE
| | | | - Ben Gützkow
- University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Sima Basel
- Department of Psychology, New York University Abu Dhabi, PO BOX 129188, Saadiyat Island, UAE
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Sára Csaba
- Eötvös Loránd University (ELTE), Budapest, Hungary
| | | | - Ivan Danyliuk
- Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kiev, Ukraine
| | | | | | | | - Violeta Enea
- Alexandru Ioan Cuza University of Iasi, Iasi, Romania
| | | | | | - Ángel Gómez
- Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia (UNED), Madrid, Spain
| | | | | | - Qing Han
- University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Mai Helmy
- Menoufia University, Al Minufiyah, Egypt
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Anna Kende
- Eötvös Loránd University (ELTE), Budapest, Hungary
| | | | | | - Yasin Koc
- University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | | | - Inna Kozytska
- Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kiev, Ukraine
| | | | | | - Anton Kurapov
- Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kiev, Ukraine
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Reza Najafi
- Islamic Azad University, Rasht Branch, Rasht, Iran
| | | | | | | | - Evgeny N Osin
- National Research University Higher School of Economics, Moscow, Russia
| | | | | | | | - Jonas Rees
- Bielefeld University, Bielefeld, Germany
| | | | | | | | | | - Adil Samekin
- International Islamic Academy of Uzbekistan, Tashkent, Uzbekistan
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Robin Wollast
- Université Clermont-Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | | | - Somayeh Zand
- Islamic Azad University, Rasht Branch, Rasht, Iran
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Selim HA, Scott GG, Kaye LK. A cross-cultural study to explore the differential impacts of online social capital on psychosocial outcomes. Computers in Human Behavior Reports 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chbr.2021.100087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
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16
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Selim HA, Long KM, Vignoles VL. Exploring Identity Motives in Twitter Usage in Saudi Arabia and the UK. Stud Health Technol Inform 2014; 199:128-132. [PMID: 24875705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
This study explores identity motives for using a microblogging site (Twitter) among Internet users in Saudi Arabia and the UK. The former boasts the world's highest per capita use of Twitter, which provides a forum in which users have more opportunity for self-expression than they do in the offline world, and is not subject to the heavy censorship which the Saudi government imposes on other Internet content [1]. Approximately 5000 tweets from the period April-May 2013 were coded and analyzed, using Motivated Identity Construction Theory as a conceptual framework [2]. This theory proposes six universal identity motives of meaning, belonging, continuity, distinctiveness, efficacy, and self-esteem. We consider these motives in turn, and examine their relative prominence in an online context. Support was found for all six universal motives, but the relative prominence of motives and the ways in which they were pursued appeared to depend on the affordances of both the OSN in question, Twitter and the cultural context in which the user was posting: Saudi users appeared to seek distinctiveness, whereas for British users, belonging was a more salient motive. Themes related to meaning, efficacy, and self-esteem were detected frequently, whereas themes related to continuity were less apparent.
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17
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Eid MA, Selim HA. A retrospective study on the relationship between miswak chewing stick and periodontal health. Egypt Dent J 1994; 40:589-92. [PMID: 9588141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Chewing sticks have been used for centuries as a tooth cleaning device. One of the most commonly used types is known as the miswak. Despite its wide use, few studies have examined its effects on the gingival health. The purpose of this study is to examine the relationship between miswak and gingival health in terms of pocket depths, periodontal disease severity and gingival recession. The incisors, canines and premolars were examined in a total of 264 patients who were seen for routine periodontal treatment. Information regarding the use of the miswak, oral hygiene habits, as well as clinical measurements of pocket depth, periodontal disease and gingival recession were obtained from patients charts. Patients were divided into two groups: a miswak group and a Toothbrush group. The results of this study indicated that the use of miswak may influence periodontal health and may be considered as a factor contributing to gingival recession. It is suggested that additional research is needed to examine the relationship between miswak and periodontal health.
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18
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Selim HA. Bleaching of discolored teeth. Egypt Dent J 1994; 40:605-10. [PMID: 9588144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Bleaching is a viable treatment alternative to attempt esthetic improvement of discolored teeth. Natural tooth structure as opposed to a veneer or crown margin is considerably superior in tissue response. Caution has to be exercised in selecting cases and advising patients of the possibilities from bleaching and that bleaching may not be entirely successful or lasting. It still should be considered as a treatment of first choice. If applied properly and in carefully selected cases the results can be very rewarding for the dentist and especially the patient. A knowledge of the agents used and biological limits must be kept in mind when bleaching teeth to prevent potential disastrous complications. It is especially important to keep the bleaching time to the shortest effective time possible with vital pulps. Bleaching when successful provides a superior margin and a less expensive alternative than crowns. Bleaching should generally be considered before crown preparation because if bleaching is unsuccessful crowns can always be fabricated. This is true for younger individuals with tetracycline stained teeth because crowns may need to be remade several years after their initial placement due to further eruption of teeth and further recession of the gingival tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- H A Selim
- King Saud University, College of Dentistry, Saudi Arabia
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Eid MA, Selim HA, al-Shammery AR. The relationship between chewing sticks (Miswak) and periodontal health. 3. Relationship to gingival recession. Quintessence Int 1991; 22:61-4. [PMID: 1784721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Aggressive or improper toothbrushing techniques may have a detrimental impact on the gingiva. The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between chewing sticks (Miswak) and gingival recession. Gingival recession was measured on the mid facial surfaces of the incisors, canines, and premolars in 238 patients presenting for routine dental appointments. All patients had been interviewed previously regarding their oral hygiene habits and use of Miswak. Patients were divided into three groups: Miswak group, toothbrush group, and Miswak/toothbrush group. The Miswak users had significantly more (P less than or equal to .05) sites gingival recession than did the toothbrush users. Furthermore, the severity of the recession was significantly more (P less than or equal to .05) pronounced in the Miswak users than it was in the toothbrush users.
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Affiliation(s)
- M A Eid
- King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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20
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Eid MA, al-Shammery AR, Selim HA. The relationship between chewing sticks (Miswak) and periodontal health. 2. Relationship to plaque, gingivitis, pocket depth, and attachment loss. Quintessence Int 1990; 21:1019-22. [PMID: 2082419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
For centuries, chewing sticks have been used as a tooth-cleaning device. One of the most commonly used types is known as the Miswak. Despite its common use, few studies have examined possible effects on the gingiva and the surrounding structures. The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between Miswak and periodontal health. The incisors, canines, and premolars were examined in 236 patients. All patients were interviewed regarding their demographic data, oral hygiene habits, and use of Miswak. Clinical examination included scoring of plaque, gingival inflammation, pocket depths, attachment loss, and gingival recession. Patients were divided into three groups: a Miswak group, a toothbrush group, and a Miswak/toothbrush group. The results of this study indicated that use of the Miswak may influence plaque accumulation and periodontal health.
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Affiliation(s)
- M A Eid
- King Saud University, College of Dentistry, Riyadh 11545, Saudi Arabia
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21
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Eid MA, Selim HA, al-Shammery AR. Relationship between chewing sticks (Miswak) and periodontal health. Part 1. Review of the literature and profile of the subjects. Quintessence Int 1990; 21:913-7. [PMID: 2084794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
For more than 1,000 years, Moslems all over the world have used chewing sticks (Miswak) as an oral hygiene aid. In spite of the introduction of modern oral hygiene devices, many Moslems still prefer to use the natural Miswak. Despite its common use, there is a paucity of data bout its effects on the periodontal structures. This is the first of a three-part series examining the relationship between Miswak and periodontal health. Part I presents a review of the current literature and a demographic profile of the study population. Patients presenting for routine dental appointments were subjected to a comprehensive interview regarding their demographic data, oral hygiene habits, and use of Miswak. Clinical examination included scoring of plaque and periodontal health.
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Affiliation(s)
- M A Eid
- King Saud University, College of Dentistry, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia 11545
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23
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El-Kerdawy MM, Selim HA. Synthesis of morpholinobiguanide derivatives. Pharmazie 1975; 30:768-70. [PMID: 1219792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Several new morpholinobiguanide derivatives were synthesized to be tested as hypoglycemic agents, by condensing morpholinobiguanide with alkyl or aryl isocyanate and isothiocyanate, and with dialkylaminoalkyl chloride. The carbamate, prepared from morpholinobiguanide and ethyl chloroformate, was condensed with different aryl amines and certain sulpha drugs. Most of the prepared compounds are easily soluble in water and preliminary examinations as hypoglycemics show promising results.
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