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Takemoto K, Fukasaka Y, Yoshimoto R, Nambu H, Yukioka H. Diacylglycerol acyltransferase 1/2 inhibition induces dysregulation of fatty acid metabolism and leads to intestinal barrier failure and diarrhea in mice. Physiol Rep 2020; 8:e14542. [PMID: 32786057 PMCID: PMC7422801 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.14542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2020] [Revised: 07/19/2020] [Accepted: 07/20/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The intestinal metabolism and transport of triacylglycerol (TAG) play a critical role in dietary TAG absorption, and defects in the process are associated with congenital diarrhea. The final reaction in TAG synthesis is catalyzed by diacylglycerol acyltransferase (DGAT1 and DGAT2), which uses activated fatty acids (FA) as substrates. Loss-of-function mutations in DGAT1 cause watery diarrhea in humans, but mechanisms underlying the relationship between altered DGAT activity and diarrhea remain largely unclear. Here, the effects of DGAT1 and DGAT2 inhibition, alone or in combination, on dietary TAG absorption and diarrhea in mice were investigated by using a selective DGAT1 inhibitor (PF-04620110) and DGAT2 inhibitor (PF-06424439). Simultaneous administration of a single dosing of these inhibitors drastically decreased intestinal TAG secretion into the blood circulatory system and TAG accumulation in the duodenum at 60 min after lipid gavage. Under 60% high-fat diet (HFD) feeding, their repeated simultaneous administration for 2 days induced severe watery diarrhea and occasionally led to death. The diarrhea was accompanied by enhanced fecal FA excretion, intestinal injury and barrier failure. DGAT1 or DGAT2 inhibition alone did not induce the phenotypic changes observed in DGAT1/2 inhibitor-treated mice. The results demonstrate that DGAT1/2 inhibition alters TAG absorption and results in watery diarrhea in mice. DGAT1/2 inhibition-induced diarrhea may be caused by intestinal barrier dysfunction due to dysregulation of the cytotoxic FA metabolism. These findings suggest that DGAT-mediated intestinal TAG synthesis is a vital step for maintaining intestinal barrier integrity under HFD feeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kosuke Takemoto
- Drug Discovery & Disease Research LaboratoryShionogi & Co., LtdOsakaJapan
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, Joint Faculty of Veterinary MedicineYamaguchi UniversityYamaguchiJapan
| | - Yumiko Fukasaka
- Drug Discovery & Disease Research LaboratoryShionogi & Co., LtdOsakaJapan
| | - Ryo Yoshimoto
- Drug Discovery & Disease Research LaboratoryShionogi & Co., LtdOsakaJapan
| | - Hirohide Nambu
- Drug Discovery & Disease Research LaboratoryShionogi & Co., LtdOsakaJapan
| | - Hideo Yukioka
- Drug Discovery & Disease Research LaboratoryShionogi & Co., LtdOsakaJapan
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2
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Kakutani N, Fukushima A, Yokota T, Katayama T, Nambu H, Shirakawa R, Maekawa S, Abe T, Takada S, Furihata T, Okita K, Kinugawa S, Anzai T. P6057High respiratory exchange ratio during submaximal exercise predicts adverse clinical outcomes in patients with heart failure. Eur Heart J 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehy566.p6057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- N Kakutani
- Hokkaido University, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - A Fukushima
- Hokkaido University, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - T Yokota
- Hokkaido University, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - T Katayama
- Hokkaido University, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - H Nambu
- Hokkaido University, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - R Shirakawa
- Hokkaido University, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - S Maekawa
- Hokkaido University, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - T Abe
- Hokkaido University, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - S Takada
- Hokkaido University, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - T Furihata
- Hokkaido University, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - K Okita
- Hokusho University, Graduate School of Lifelong Sport, Ebetsu, Japan
| | - S Kinugawa
- Hokkaido University, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - T Anzai
- Hokkaido University, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
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3
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Nambu H, Takada S, Fukushima A, Matsumoto J, Kakutani N, Maekawa S, Shirakawa R, Furihata T, Nakajima T, Katayama T, Tsuda M, Saito A, Yokota T, Kinugawa S, Anzai T. P4774Empagliflozin improves exercise endurance via the activation of fatty acid oxidation in the skeletal muscle in murine model of post-infarct heart failure. Eur Heart J 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehy563.p4774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- H Nambu
- Hokkaido University, Cardiovascular medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - S Takada
- Hokkaido University, Cardiovascular medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - A Fukushima
- Hokkaido University, Cardiovascular medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - J Matsumoto
- Hokkaido University, Cardiovascular medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - N Kakutani
- Hokkaido University, Cardiovascular medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - S Maekawa
- Hokkaido University, Cardiovascular medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - R Shirakawa
- Hokkaido University, Cardiovascular medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - T Furihata
- Hokkaido University, Cardiovascular medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - T Nakajima
- Hokkaido University, Cardiovascular medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - T Katayama
- Hokkaido University, Cardiovascular medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - M Tsuda
- Hokkaido University, Cardiovascular medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - A Saito
- Hokkaido University, Cardiovascular medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - T Yokota
- Hokkaido University, Cardiovascular medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - S Kinugawa
- Hokkaido University, Cardiovascular medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - T Anzai
- Hokkaido University, Cardiovascular medicine, Sapporo, Japan
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4
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Shirakawa R, Yokota T, Nakajima T, Takada S, Yamane M, Furihata T, Matsumoto J, Tsuda M, Katayama T, Maekawa S, Nambu H, Fukushima A, Saito A, Kinugawa S, Anzai T. 3143Excessive mitochondrial reactive oxygen species emission from circulating blood cells is associated with severity of heart failure and exercise intolerance. Eur Heart J 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehy563.3143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- R Shirakawa
- Hokkaido University, Cardiovascular Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - T Yokota
- Hokkaido University, Cardiovascular Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - T Nakajima
- Hokkaido University, Cardiovascular Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - S Takada
- Hokkaido University, Cardiovascular Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - M Yamane
- Hokkaido University, Cardiovascular Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - T Furihata
- Hokkaido University, Cardiovascular Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - J Matsumoto
- Hokkaido University, Cardiovascular Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - M Tsuda
- Hokkaido University, Cardiovascular Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - T Katayama
- Hokkaido University, Cardiovascular Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - S Maekawa
- Hokkaido University, Cardiovascular Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - H Nambu
- Hokkaido University, Cardiovascular Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - A Fukushima
- Hokkaido University, Cardiovascular Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - A Saito
- Hokkaido University, Cardiovascular Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - S Kinugawa
- Hokkaido University, Cardiovascular Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - T Anzai
- Hokkaido University, Cardiovascular Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
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5
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Takagi H, Ikehara T, Kashiwagi Y, Hashimoto K, Nanchi I, Shimazaki A, Nambu H, Yukioka H. ACC2 Deletion Enhances IMCL Reduction Along With Acetyl-CoA Metabolism and Improves Insulin Sensitivity in Male Mice. Endocrinology 2018; 159:3007-3019. [PMID: 29931154 DOI: 10.1210/en.2018-00338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2018] [Accepted: 06/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Intramyocellular lipid (IMCL) accumulation in skeletal muscle greatly contributes to lipid-induced insulin resistance. Because acetyl-coenzyme A (CoA) carboxylase (ACC) 2 negatively modulates mitochondrial fatty acid oxidation (FAO) in skeletal muscle, ACC2 inhibition is expected to reduce IMCL via elevation of FAO and to attenuate insulin resistance. However, the concept of substrate competition suggests that enhanced FAO results in reduced glucose use because of an excessive acetyl-CoA pool in mitochondria. To identify how ACC2-regulated FAO affects IMCL accumulation and glucose metabolism, we generated ACC2 knockout (ACC2-/-) mice and investigated skeletal muscle metabolites associated with fatty acid and glucose metabolism, as well as whole-body glucose metabolism. ACC2-/- mice displayed higher capacity of glucose disposal at the whole-body levels. In skeletal muscle, ACC2-/- mice exhibited enhanced acylcarnitine formation and reduced IMCL levels without alteration in glycolytic intermediate levels. Notably, these changes were accompanied by decreased acetyl-CoA content and enhanced mitochondrial pathways related to acetyl-CoA metabolism, such as the acetylcarnitine production and tricarboxylic acid cycle. Furthermore, ACC2-/- mice exhibited lower levels of IMCL and acetyl-CoA even under HFD conditions and showed protection against HFD-induced insulin resistance. Our findings suggest that ACC2 deletion leads to IMCL reduction without suppressing glucose use via an elevation in acetyl-CoA metabolism even under HFD conditions and offer new mechanistic insight into the therapeutic potential of ACC2 inhibition on insulin resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroyuki Takagi
- Drug Discovery and Disease Research Laboratory, Shionogi & Co., Ltd., Osaka, Japan
| | - Tatsuya Ikehara
- Biomarker Research and Development Department, Shionogi & Co., Ltd., Osaka, Japan
| | - Yuto Kashiwagi
- Biomarker Research and Development Department, Shionogi & Co., Ltd., Osaka, Japan
| | - Kumi Hashimoto
- Drug Discovery and Disease Research Laboratory, Shionogi & Co., Ltd., Osaka, Japan
| | - Isamu Nanchi
- Drug Discovery and Disease Research Laboratory, Shionogi & Co., Ltd., Osaka, Japan
| | - Atsuyuki Shimazaki
- Drug Discovery and Disease Research Laboratory, Shionogi & Co., Ltd., Osaka, Japan
| | - Hirohide Nambu
- Drug Discovery and Disease Research Laboratory, Shionogi & Co., Ltd., Osaka, Japan
| | - Hideo Yukioka
- Drug Discovery and Disease Research Laboratory, Shionogi & Co., Ltd., Osaka, Japan
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6
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Fukasaka Y, Nambu H, Tanioka H, Obata A, Tonomura M, Okuno T, Yukioka H. An insurmountable NPY Y5 receptor antagonist exhibits superior anti-obesity effects in high-fat diet-induced obese mice. Neuropeptides 2018; 70:55-63. [PMID: 29801968 DOI: 10.1016/j.npep.2018.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2018] [Revised: 04/20/2018] [Accepted: 05/17/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Neuropeptide Y (NPY) Y5 receptor plays a key role in the effects of NPY, an important neurotransmitter in the control of energy homeostasis including stimulation of food intake and inhibition of energy expenditure. The NPY-Y5 receptor system has been an attractive drug target for potential use in treating obesity. Here we report the discovery and characterization of two novel Y5 receptor antagonists, S-2367 and S-234462. Both compounds displayed high affinity for the Y5 receptor in the radio-ligand binding assay, while in the cell-based functional assay, S-2367 and S-234462 showed, respectively, surmountable and insurmountable antagonism. In cell-based washout experiments, S-234462 dissociated from the Y5 receptor more slowly than S-2367. In vivo study showed that S-234462 effectively suppressed food intake induced by acute central injection of a selective Y5 receptor agonist. Furthermore, high-fat diet-induced obese (DIO) mice treated with S-234462 for 5 weeks showed a significant decrease in body weight gain and food intake compared to those treated with S-2367. In conclusion, S-234462 exhibits insurmountable antagonism of NPY Y5 receptor in vitro and superior anti-obesity effects to the surmountable NPY Y5 antagonist S-2367 in DIO mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yumiko Fukasaka
- Drug Discovery & Disease Research Laboratory, Shionogi & Co., Ltd., 3-1-1 Futaba-cho, Toyonaka, Osaka 561-0825, Japan.
| | - Hirohide Nambu
- Drug Discovery & Disease Research Laboratory, Shionogi & Co., Ltd., 3-1-1 Futaba-cho, Toyonaka, Osaka 561-0825, Japan
| | - Hideki Tanioka
- Drug Discovery & Disease Research Laboratory, Shionogi & Co., Ltd., 3-1-1 Futaba-cho, Toyonaka, Osaka 561-0825, Japan
| | - Atsushi Obata
- Biomarker R&D Department, Shionogi & Co., Ltd., 3-1-1 Futaba-cho, Toyonaka, Osaka 561-0825, Japan
| | - Misato Tonomura
- Biomarker R&D Department, Shionogi & Co., Ltd., 3-1-1 Futaba-cho, Toyonaka, Osaka 561-0825, Japan
| | - Takayuki Okuno
- Medicinal Chemistry Research Laboratory, Shionogi & Co., Ltd., 3-1-1 Futaba-cho, Toyonaka, Osaka 561-0825, Japan
| | - Hideo Yukioka
- Drug Discovery & Disease Research Laboratory, Shionogi & Co., Ltd., 3-1-1 Futaba-cho, Toyonaka, Osaka 561-0825, Japan
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7
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Tamura Y, Hayashi K, Omori N, Nishiura Y, Watanabe K, Tanaka N, Fujioka M, Kouyama N, Yukimasa A, Tanaka Y, Chiba T, Tanioka H, Nambu H, Yukioka H, Sato H, Okuno T. Identification of a novel benzimidazole derivative as a highly potent NPY Y5 receptor antagonist with an anti-obesity profile. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2012.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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8
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Omori N, Kouyama N, Yukimasa A, Watanabe K, Yokota Y, Tanioka H, Nambu H, Yukioka H, Sato N, Tanaka Y, Sekiguchi K, Okuno T. Hit to lead SAR study on benzoxazole derivatives for an NPY Y5 antagonist. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2012; 22:2020-3. [PMID: 22300657 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2012.01.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2011] [Revised: 01/06/2012] [Accepted: 01/10/2012] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
We report a hit to lead study on a novel benzoxazole NPY Y5 antagonist. Starting from HTS hit 1, structure-activity relationships were developed. Compound 12 showed reduction of food intake and a tendency to suppress body weight gain over the 21-day experimental period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naoki Omori
- Medicinal Research Laboratories, Shionogi & Co., Ltd, 1-1, Futaba-cho 3-chome, Toyonaka, Osaka 561-0825, Japan.
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9
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Nambu H, Fukushima M, Hikichi H, Inoue T, Nagano N, Tahara Y, Nambu T, Ito J, Ogawa Y, Ozaki S, Ohta H. Characterization of metabolic phenotypes of mice lacking GPR61, an orphan G-protein coupled receptor. Life Sci 2011; 89:765-72. [PMID: 21971119 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2011.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2011] [Revised: 08/22/2011] [Accepted: 08/26/2011] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
AIMS GPR61 is an orphan G protein-coupled receptor whose function remains unknown. The purpose of the present study is to elucidate the importance of GPR61 in metabolism by characterization of GPR61-deficient mice. MAIN METHODS Male GPR61-deficient mice were characterized regarding various metabolic parameters, including food intake, body weight, oxygen consumption, body temperature, locomotor activity, and in a pair feeding study. Hypothalamic gene expression was analyzed using real-time quantitative RT-PCR. KEY FINDINGS GPR61-deficient mice exhibited marked hyperphagia and heavier body weight than wild-type mice. Hyperphagia of GPR61-deficient mice was observed before the differences in body weight became apparent between the genotypes. When body weight difference did become apparent between genotypes, increases in visceral fat pad weight, liver weight, liver triglyceride (TG) content, plasma leptin, and plasma insulin were observed in GPR61-deficient mice, suggesting that GPR61 deficiency caused obesity associated with hyperphagia. Oxygen consumption, body temperature, and locomotor activity were not significantly different between GPR61-deficient and wild-type mice. Pair-fed GPR61-deficient mice had a greater fat mass than wild-type mice despite comparable body weight in both genotypes. The mRNA levels of proopiomelanocortin (POMC) and brain-derived neurotropic factor (BDNF) in the hypothalamus of GPR61-deficient mice were significantly lower than those of wild-type mice. SIGNIFICANCE GPR61-deficient mice exhibited obesity associated with hyperphagia. These findings suggest that GPR61 is involved in the regulation of food intake and body weight, and may be of importance when considering GPR61 as a therapeutic target for obesity or eating disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hirohide Nambu
- Tsukuba Research Institute, Banyu Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., 3 Okubo, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 300-2611, Japan.
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10
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Koga K, Ichikawa D, Nambu H, Azuma-Kanoh T, Sakai N, Takaki-Kawagoe H, Ozaki S, Ohta H. Cloning and characterization of the rhesus monkey nociceptin/orphanin FQ receptor. Genes Genet Syst 2009; 84:319-25. [PMID: 20154418 DOI: 10.1266/ggs.84.319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
We succeeded in cloning the rhesus monkey nociceptin/orphanin FQ peptide (NOP) receptor. The nucleotide sequence and amino acid sequence of the rhesus monkey NOP receptor were 95.9% and 97.8%, respectively, identical to the human NOP receptor. There was no significant difference between the rhesus monkey NOP receptor and the human NOP receptor in the binding affinity of [(125)I] [Thy(14)]nociceptin and the binding of [(35)S]guanosine 5'-O-(gamma thio)triphospate ([(35)S]GTPgammaS) stimulated by nociceptin/orphanin FQ (N/OFQ). A selective NOP receptor antagonist, 1-[(3R,4R)-1-cyclooctylmethyl-3-hydroxymethyl-4-piperidyl]-3-ethyl-1,3-dihydro-2H-benzimidazol-2-one ((+)-J-113397) inhibited the [(35)S]GTPgammaS binding activated by N/OFQ using the membrane of the rhesus monkey NOP receptor. The antagonistic activity of (+)-J-113397 to the rhesus monkey NOP receptor was comparable to that to the human NOP receptor. Thus, N/OFQ acts via activation of the NOP receptor in both human and rhesus monkeys without significant species differences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazumi Koga
- Pharmacology, Tsukuba Research Institute, Banyu Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., 3 Okubo, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 300-2611, Japan
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11
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Nambu H, Nambu R, Oshima Y, Hackett SF, Okoye G, Wiegand S, Yancopoulos G, Zack DJ, Campochiaro PA. Angiopoietin 1 inhibits ocular neovascularization and breakdown of the blood-retinal barrier. Gene Ther 2004; 11:865-73. [PMID: 15042118 DOI: 10.1038/sj.gt.3302230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Several retinal and choroidal diseases are potentially treatable by intraocular delivery of genes whose products may counter or neutralize abnormal gene expression that occurs as part of the diseases. However, prior to considering a transgene, it is necessary to thoroughly investigate the effects of its expression in normal and diseased eyes. An efficient way to do this is to combine tissue-specific promoters with inducible promoter systems in transgenic mice. In this study, we used this approach to evaluate the effects of ectopic expression of angiopoietin-1 (Ang1) in normal eyes and those with ocular neovascularization. Adult mice with induced expression of Ang1 ubiquitously, or specifically in the retina, appeared normal and had no identifiable changes in retinal or choroidal blood vessels or in retinal function as assessed by electroretinography. Increased expression of Ang1 in eyes with severe retinal ischemia or in eyes with rupture of Bruch's membrane significantly suppressed the development of retinal or choroidal neovascularization, respectively. This inhibition of ocular neovascularization is particularly interesting and noteworthy, because overexpression of Ang1 in skin stimulates neovascularization. Ang1 also significantly reduced VEGF-induced retinal vascular permeability. These data suggest that intraocular delivery of ang1 has potential for treatment of ocular neovascularization and macular edema.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Nambu
- The Department of Ophthalmology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 600 N. Wolfe Street, Maumenee 719, Baltimore, MD, USA
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12
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Matsugi M, Murata K, Anilkumar G, Nambu H, Kita Y. Regioselective nucleophilic addition of methoxybenzene derivatives to the beta-carbon of p-benzoquinone mono O,S-acetal. Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo) 2001; 49:1658-9. [PMID: 11767094 DOI: 10.1248/cpb.49.1658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Regioselective nucleophilic addition of electron rich aromatics to the beta-position of acetal carbon of p-benzoquinone mono O,S-acetal was achieved by modifying the acetal moiety.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Matsugi
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, Suita, Japan
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13
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Nambu H, Okajima K, Nishimura Y. Image quality of the digitally reconstructed radiographs (DRRs): improvement by isotropic voxel obtained by a multi-detector row CT and the clinical application. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2001. [DOI: 10.1016/s0360-3016(01)02521-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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14
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Ichikawa D, Ozaki S, Azuma T, Nambu H, Kawamoto H, Iwasawa Y, Takeshima H, Ohta H. In vitro inhibitory effects of J-113397 on nociceptin/orphanin FQ-stimulated. Neuroreport 2001; 12:1757-61. [PMID: 11409754 DOI: 10.1097/00001756-200106130-00048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
J-113397 (1-[(3R,4R)-1-cyclooctylmethyl-3-hydroxymethyl-4-piperidyl]-3-ethyl-1,3-dihydro-2H-benzimidazol-2-one) is a recently developed antagonist of the opioid receptor-like 1 (ORL1) receptor. We compared the in vitro functional profile J-113397 on [35S]guanosine 5'-O-(gamma-thio)triphosphate (GTPgammaS) binding to mouse brain with that of [Phe1psi(CH2-NH)Gly2]nociceptin(1-13)NH2 and naloxone benzoylhydrazone (NalBzoH). J-113397 antagonized nociceptin/orphanin FQ-stimulated [35S]GTPgammaS binding to mouse brain with an IC50 value of 7.6 nM, but had no effect on basal [35S]GTPgammaS binding by itself. [Phe1psi(CH2-NH)Gly2]nociceptin(1-13)NH2 partially antagonized nociceptin/orphanin FQ-stimulated [35S]GTPgammaS binding but showed agonistic activity on ORL1 by itself. NalBzoH showed antagonistic activity on ORL1 receptor but had significant agonistic activity on other opioid receptors at lower doses. Schild plot analysis demonstrated competitive antagonism of J-113397 on ORL1 receptor in mouse brain. A [35S]GTPgammaS binding study using ORL1 receptor-deficient mice confirmed the selective antagonism of J-113397 on ORL1 receptor. These data indicate that J-113397 is the most potent and selective antagonist of ORL1 receptor in mouse brain that has yet been reported, and therefore will be a useful tool for characterization of ORL1 receptors in the brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Ichikawa
- Banyu Tsukuba Research Institute in collaboration with Merck Research Laboratories, Banyu Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Ibaraki, Japan
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15
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Matsugi M, Murata K, Gotanda K, Nambu H, Anilkumar G, Matsumoto K, Kita Y. Facile and efficient sulfenylation method using quinone mono-O,S-acetals under mild conditions. J Org Chem 2001; 66:2434-41. [PMID: 11281785 DOI: 10.1021/jo001710q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
A novel sulfenylation method induced by aromatization of quinone mono-O,S-acetals is described. These sulfenylation reagents readily react with silyl enolethers or electron rich aromatic compounds to give sulfenylation products under mild conditions. In particular, O,S-acetal 2j, which possesses a pentafluorophenylthio function, is the most effective reagent from the standpoint of the adaptability for various substrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Matsugi
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, 1-6 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
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Kita Y, Nambu H, Ramesh NG, Anilkumar G, Matsugi M. A Novel and Efficient Methodology for the C−C Bond Forming Radical Cyclization of Hydrophobic Substrates in Water. Org Lett 2001; 3:1157-60. [PMID: 11348183 DOI: 10.1021/ol010014p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
[reaction: see text]. The combination of water-soluble radical initiator 2,2'-azobis[2-(2-imidazolin-2-yl)propane] (VA-061), water-soluble chain carrier 1-ethylpiperidine hypophosphite (EPHP), and surfactant cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) was found to be the most suitable condition for effective radical cyclization in water for a variety of hydrophobic substrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Kita
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, 1-6, Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan.
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Ozaki S, Kawamoto H, Itoh Y, Miyaji M, Azuma T, Ichikawa D, Nambu H, Iguchi T, Iwasawa Y, Ohta H. In vitro and in vivo pharmacological characterization of J-113397, a potent and selective non-peptidyl ORL1 receptor antagonist. Eur J Pharmacol 2000; 402:45-53. [PMID: 10940356 DOI: 10.1016/s0014-2999(00)00520-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 136] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
1-[(3R,4R)-1-cyclooctylmethyl-3-hydroxymethyl-4-piperidyl]-3-ethyl -1, 3-dihydro-2H-benzimidazol-2-one (J-113397) was found to be the first potent nonpeptidyl ORL1 receptor antagonist (K(i): cloned human ORL1=1.8 nM) with high selectivity over other opioid receptors (K(i): 1000 nM for human mu-opioid receptor, >10,000 nM for human delta-opioid receptor, and 640 nM for human kappa-opioid receptor). In vitro, J-113397 inhibited nociceptin/orphanin FQ-stimulated [35S]guanosine 5'-O-(gamma-thio)triphosphate (GTP gamma S) binding to Chinese Hamster Ovary (CHO) cells expressing ORL1 (CHO-ORL1) with an IC(50) value of 5.3 nM but had no effect on [35S]GTP gamma S binding by itself. Schild plot analysis of the [35S]GTP gamma S binding assay and cAMP assay using CHO-ORL1 indicated competitive antagonism of J-113397 on the ORL1 receptor. In CHO cells expressing mu-, delta- or kappa-opioid receptors, J-113397 had no effects on [35S]GTP gamma S binding up to a concentration of 100 nM, indicating selective antagonism of the compound on the ORL1 receptor. In vivo, J-113397, when administered subcutaneously (s.c.), dose-dependently inhibited hyperalgesia elicited by intracerebroventricular (i.c.v.) administration of nociceptin/orphanin FQ in a tail-flick test with mice. An in vitro binding study using mouse brains indicated that J-113397 possesses high affinity for the mouse ORL1 receptor (K(i): 1.1 nM) as well as the human receptor. In summary, J-113397 is the first potent, selective ORL1 receptor antagonist that may be useful in elucidating the physiological roles of nociceptin/orphanin FQ.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Ozaki
- Banyu Tsukuba Research Institute, Banyu Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., 3 Okubo, Tsukuba, 300-2611, Ibaraki, Japan.
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18
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Yoshizawa K, Oishi Y, Nambu H, Yamamoto D, Yang J, Senzaki H, Miki H, Tsubura A. Cataractogenesis in neonatal Sprague-Dawley rats by N-methyl-N-nitrosourea. Toxicol Pathol 2000; 28:555-64. [PMID: 10930042 DOI: 10.1177/019262330002800408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Cataract was induced by a single intraperitoneal injection of 100 mg/kg N-methyl-N-nitrosourea (MNU) to 0-, 5-, 10-, 15-, or 20-day-old male and female Sprague-Dawley rats. In day 0, 5, 10, and 15 MNU-treated rats, mature cataracts were constantly seen 7, 14, 14, and 30 days after dosing, respectively. In the day 20 MNU-treated rats, only subcapsular cataract was seen 30 days after dosing. Therefore, the rats exposed to MNU at an earlier age caused cataract more rapidly and severely. In the day 0 MNU-treated rats, 7-methyldeoxyguanosine DNA adduct was detected in the lens epithelial nuclei 12 hours after MNU dosing, followed by apoptosis, which was confirmed by morphology, by TUNEL signals, and by DNA ladder and peaked 3 days after MNU dosing. In the apoptosis cascade, upregulation of Bax, downregulation of Bcl-2, and increased CPP32 protease (caspase-3) activity were seen 12 hours after MNU dosing. Therefore, the pathogenesis of MNU-induced cataract was associated with DNA adduct formation in the lens epithelial cell nuclei leading to apoptosis by upregulation of Bax protein, downmodulation of Bcl-2 protein, and activation of caspase-3.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Yoshizawa
- Department of Pathology II, Kansai Medical University, Moriguchi, Osaka, Japan
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19
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Yoshizawa K, Nambu H, Yamamoto D, Yang J, Kiyozuka Y, Shikata N, Tsubura A. Time-specific occurrence of alopecia in neonatal C57BL mice treated with N-methyl-N-nitrosourea and the therapeutic efficacy of tacrolimus hydrate. Pathol Int 2000; 50:175-84. [PMID: 10792780 DOI: 10.1046/j.1440-1827.2000.01021.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Alopecia was induced in male and female neonatal C57BL mice by a single intraperitoneal injection of 60 mg/kg N-methyl-N-nitrosourea (MNU). MNU administration was most effective in the 8-day-old mice and less effective in the 5-day-old mice (at active and early anagen stages of the first hair cycle, respectively). No alopecia was seen in the day 14 MNU-treated animals (at telogen stage of the first hair cycle). MNU effectively induced hair follicular cell apoptosis at the anagen stage by up-regulation of Bax protein without down-modulation of Bcl-2 protein. In day 8 MNU-treated mice, the immunosuppressive agent 0.01% tacrolimus hydrate (FK506), when topically applied for 5 days from 1 day after MNU treatment (before the occurrence of alopecia), decreased the severity of alopecia. However, it did not stimulate hair growth when applied for 5 days from 20 days of age (after occurrence of alopecia).
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Affiliation(s)
- K Yoshizawa
- Department of Pathology II, Kansai Medical University, Moriguchi, Osaka, Japan
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20
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Yoshizawa K, Nambu H, Yang J, Oishi Y, Senzaki H, Shikata N, Miki H, Tsubura A. Mechanisms of photoreceptor cell apoptosis induced by N-methyl-N-nitrosourea in Sprague-Dawley rats. J Transl Med 1999; 79:1359-67. [PMID: 10576206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/14/2023] Open
Abstract
A single intraperitoneal injection of 75 mg/kg N-methyl-N-nitrosourea (MNU) was given to 50-day-old female Sprague-Dawley rats and examined sequentially 12 and 24 hours, and 3 and 7 days after MNU treatment. Photoreceptor cell death was evoked in all treated rats. After MNU treatment, 7-methyldeoxyguanosine DNA adduct was detected selectively in photoreceptor cell nuclei at 12 hours, followed by photoreceptor cell apoptosis as confirmed by terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated deoxyuridine triphosphate-digoxigenin nick-end labeling signals which peaked at 24 hours and continued until day 7 when several layers of photoreceptor cell nuclei were left. In apoptosis cascade, down-regulation of Bcl-2 was seen at 12 hours and up-regulation of Bax was seen at 24 hours, and caspase family (caspase 3/CPP32, caspase 6/Mch2, and caspase 8/FLICE protease) activities peaked 72 hours after MNU treatment. Therefore MNU-induced photoreceptor cell death was attributed to DNA adduct formation restricted to photoreceptor cell nuclei leading to photoreceptor cell apoptosis by up-regulation of Bax protein, down-modulation of Bcl-2 protein, and activation of caspases 3, 6, and 8.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Yoshizawa
- Department of Pathology II, Kansai Medical University, Moriguchi, Osaka, Japan
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21
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Abstract
We cloned and sequenced homologs of RAS(CnRAS) and RHO1(CnRHO1) genes from Cryptococcus neoformans. The proteins encoded by the CnRAS and CnRHO1 genes contained 216 and 197 amino acids, respectively. The deduced amino acid sequence of the CnRAS gene shared a high degree of sequence identity with the Ras proteins in other fungal species: Coprinus cinereus(76%), Lentinula edodes(74%), Saccharomyces cerevisiae RAS2(72%), and Schizosaccharomyces pombe(68%). The deduced amino acid sequence of the CnRHO1 gene shared a high degree of sequence identity with the Rho1 proteins in other fungal species: Candida albicans(78%), S. pombe(77%) and S. cerevisiae(76%). The deduced proteins contained GTP-binding and GTP-hydrolysis domains, and the prenylation site that are conserved among the small G protein superfamily. The synthetic peptides that contained the C-terminal amino acid sequence of the CnRas and CnRho1 proteins were geranylgeranylated.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Tanaka
- Tsukuba Research Institute, Banyu Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Okubo 3, Tsukuba 300-2611, Japan
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22
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Nagai Y, Matsubara T, Takahashi K, Nakajima M, Nambu H, Tsubura A, Uyama M. [Angiographic findings and histological localization of indocyanine green in N-methyl-N-nitrosourea induced retinal degeneration in rats]. Nippon Ganka Gakkai Zasshi 1999; 103:489-96. [PMID: 10443122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/13/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE We used N-methyl-N-nitrosourea (MNU) to induce chorioretinopathy as a model of retinitis pigmentosa, and compared the histological localization of indocyanine green (ICG) with ICG angiographic features. METHODS Brown-Norway pigmented rats received a single intraperitoneal injection of MNU (75 mg/kg body weight). At 3 and 21 days after treatment, we compared ICG angiographic findings with histological localization of ICG in the retina and choroid. Histological localization of ICG was observed with an infrared light microscope. RESULTS 3 days after treatment, destruction of the photoreceptor cells and photoreceptor segments had developed, and the retinal pigment epithelial cells (RPEs) were also damaged. In ICG angiography, diffuse hyperfluorescence was evident. In histological localization of ICG, RPEs were stained by ICG, and ICG was seen in the sensory retina through the damaged RPEs. At 21 days after treatment, the inner nuclear layer directly contact with the choroid. The photoreceptor cells, RPEs and choriocapillaris had disappeared. In ICG angiography, hypofluorescence was seen in the chorioretinal atrophic area. In histological localization of ICG, there was no ICG in the atrophic area, but ICG leaked from the remaining choriocapillaris into the neighboring sensory retina. CONCLUSION These results support the precise interpretation of ICG angiographic findings in clinical use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Nagai
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kansai Medical University, Moriguchi, Japan
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Taomoto M, Nambu H, Senzaki H, Shikata N, Oishi Y, Fujii T, Miki H, Uyama M, Tsubura A. Retinal degeneration induced by N-methyl-N-nitrosourea in Syrian golden hamsters. Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol 1998; 236:688-95. [PMID: 9782430 DOI: 10.1007/s004170050142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The sequential retinal changes in Syrian golden hamsters induced by N-methyl-N-nitrosourea (MNU) have not been studied. METHODS Female hamsters received a single intraperitoneal injection of 90 mg/kg MNU at 50 days of age, and the retina was examined light and electron microscopically, immunohistochemically and by the TdT-mediated dUTP-digoxigenin nick end labeling (TUNEL) method until 20 weeks after the treatment. RESULTS The retinal changes were as follows: (1) Photoreceptor apoptosis occurred 1 day after the treatment and resulted in photoreceptor loss at day 7. During the degeneration, Müller cell proliferation was conspicuous at day 5. (2) After the photoreceptor cell loss, migration of the pigment epithelial cells in all layers of the retina which were in contact with blood vessels occurred. Due to the Müller cell proliferation, gliosis was prominent at the later stage. CONCLUSIONS The MNU injection caused photoreceptor apoptosis followed by pigment epithelial cell migration around the blood vessels, accompanied by gliosis. The primary event and the course of this disease closely resemble those of retinitis pigmentosa in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Taomoto
- Department of Pathology, Kansai Medical University, Moriguchi, Osaka, Japan
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24
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Abstract
Previously we demonstrated that ribosomes can synthesize polypeptides in the presence of high concentrations (40-60%) of pyridine without any protein factors. Here we analyze additional ribosomal parameters in 60% pyridine using Escherichia coli ribosomes. Ribosomal subunits once exposed to pyridine failed to re-associate to 70S ribosomes in aqueous buffer systems even in the presence of 20 mM Mg2+, whereas they formed 70S complexes in the presence of 60% pyridine. Two-dimensional gel electrophoresis of ribosomal proteins revealed that some proteins located at the protuberances of the large subunit, e. g. L7/L12 and L11 forming the elongation factor-binding domain, were released in the pyridine system. The aminoglycoside neomycin, a strong inhibitor of the ribosomal (factor-independent) translocation reaction, completely blocked poly(Phe) synthesis and translocation activities in the pyridine system, whereas these activities were not affected at all by gypsophilin, a ribotoxin that inhibits factor-dependent translocation. Another inhibitor of the ribosomal translocation, thiostrepton, had no effect concerning the two activities, which is consistent with the fact that this antibiotic requires L11 for its binding to the ribosome. These results suggest that the ribosomes can perform a translocation reaction in the pyridine system, but in a factor-independent (spontaneous) manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Nitta
- Department of Chemistry & Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, University of Tokyo, Japan
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Nambu H, Taomoto M, Ogura E, Tsubura A. Time-specific action of N-methyl-N-nitrosourea in the occurrence of retinal dysplasia and retinal degeneration in neonatal mice. Pathol Int 1998; 48:199-205. [PMID: 9589488 DOI: 10.1111/j.1440-1827.1998.tb03893.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
The morphologic response of neonatal mouse retina to the alkylating agent N-methyl-N-nitrosourea (MNU) was examined at different periods of retinal development. A dose of 60 mg/kg N-methyl-N-nitrosourea was injected intraperitoneally to neonatal C57BL mice at 0, 3, 5, 8, 11, 14, 17, and 20 days of age and to C3H mice at 0 days of age, and the retinas were examined sequentially. In the C57BL mice, MNU evoked a time-dependent occurrence of retinal dysplasia and retinal degeneration. With MNU treatment at day 0 and day 3 (the stage of retinal cell proliferation), retinal dysplasia characterized by the progressive disorganization of neuroblasts, which led to the formation of rosettes, was found in the outer neuroblastic/nuclear layer above the normal pigment epithelial cells during days 8-20, but decreased at day 50. The rosettes were surrounded by photoreceptor segments and Müller cell processes, and by photoreceptor nuclei. The MNU response was related to retinal differentiation; following MNU treatment at day 5 or 8 (the stage of retinal cell differentiation) the cells were much less sensitive (i.e. no retinal response was found). However, with MNU treatment at days 11, 14, 17, and 20 (after cellular differentiation), retinal degeneration characterized by selective photoreceptor apoptosis was seen. These results suggest that there is a critical period for the time of MNU administration in the development of mouse retinal lesions. In C3H (rd/rd) mice, MNU treatment at day 0 resulted in retinal degeneration with only slight rosette formation at the peripheral retina.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Nambu
- Department of Pathology II, Kansai Medical University, Osaka, Japan
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26
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Singh Y, Nambu H, Yoshizawa K, Hatano T, Hioki K, Tsubura A. Factors related to axillary lymph node metastasis in T1 breast carcinoma. Oncol Rep 1998; 5:459-62. [PMID: 9468579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The current study was performed on 38 cases of T1 breast cancers ( 2 cm in greatest diameter) to identify the factors related to recognition of axillary lymph node (AxLN) metastasis. Ten patients (26.3%) had lymph node metastases. Comparing the AxLN positive (+) group with the AxLN negative (-) group revealed that tumor size and hormone receptor status as well as age of the patients were not significantly different. However, the Ki-67 labeling index (22.2 +/- 5. 9% vs. 12.5 +/- 2.8%), the microvessel count (43.8 +/- 12.4/0.785 mm2 vs. 27.0 +/- 8.4/0.785 mm2) and bcl-2+ cases (70% vs. 29%) were significantly higher in the AxLN+ cases. These results suggest that the Ki-67 labeling index, microvessel count and Bcl-2 expression, especially when combined, are useful predictors of AxLN metastases in T1 breast cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Singh
- Department of Pathology, Kansai Medical University, Moriguchi, Osaka 570, Japan
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Singh Y, Nambu H, Yoshizawa K, Hatano T, Hioki K, Tsubura A. Factors related to axillary lymph node metastasis in T1 breast carcinoma. Oncol Rep 1998. [DOI: 10.3892/or.5.2.459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
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28
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Singh Y, Shikata N, Kiyozuka Y, Nambu H, Morimoto J, Kurebayashi J, Hioki K, Tsubura A. Inhibition of tumor growth and metastasis by angiogenesis inhibitor TNP-470 on breast cancer cell lines in vitro and in vivo. Breast Cancer Res Treat 1997; 45:15-27. [PMID: 9285113 DOI: 10.1023/a:1005826129756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Antitumor and antimetastatic activity of the angiogenesis inhibitor O-(chloroacetyl-carbamoyl) fumagillol (TNP-470), a semisynthetic analogue of fumagillin, was evaluated in breast cancer cell lines. In an in vitro MTT assay, after 72 hrs continuous exposure to TNP-470, growth inhibition was observed in all seven cell lines of murine (JYG-A, JYG-B, DD-762, and BALB/c-MC) or human (KPL-1, MDA-MB-231, and MKL-F) origin, in which the 50% inhibitory concentrations (IC50) at 72 hrs treatment were 4.6, 4.4, 4.6, 10.1, 35.0, 25.3, and 33.4 micrograms/ml, respectively. In an in vivo assay using JYG-A, JYG-B, KPL-1, and MDA-MB-231 cells by orthotopic (right thoracic mammary fat pad) transplantation in female nude mice, TNP-470 at 30 or 50 mg/kg body weight was injected s.c. every other day from the day of tumor cell inoculation until the end of the experiment. The inhibitory effect on primary tumor growth was obtained in all four cell lines in a dose-dependent manner. In the 50 mg/kg TNP-470-treated group, the reductions in tumor weight of the JYG-A, JYG-B, KPL-1, and MDA-MB-231 cells with respect to the controls were 50%, 30%, 4%, and 49%, respectively. Metastasis was seen in the JYG-A, JYG-B, and KPL-1 cells. The numbers of mice bearing pulmonary metastases of JYG-A and JYG-B cells and regional axillary lymph node metastases of KPL-1 cells were reduced, and TNP-470 at the 50 mg/kg dose to KPL-1 cells significantly reduced lymph node metastases compared with the control. Although the weight gain was retarded in the TNP-470-treated mice, weight loss was not seen. TNP-470 was highly effective in the treatment of breast cancer cells. These results suggest that the clinical use of TNP-470 may be a promising treatment for breast cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Singh
- Department of Pathology, Kansai Medical University, Osaka, Japan
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Nambu H, Yuge K, Nakajima M, Shikata N, Takahashi K, Miki H, Uyama M, Tsubura A. Morphologic characteristics of N-methyl-N-nitrosourea-induced retinal degeneration in C57BL mice. Pathol Int 1997; 47:377-83. [PMID: 9211525 DOI: 10.1111/j.1440-1827.1997.tb04511.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Morphologic characteristics of retinal degeneration induced by a single systemic administration of N-methyl-N-nitrosourea (MNU) in mice was investigated. The aim was to characterize the MNU-induced retinal lesions in mice and compare them with human retinitis pigmentosa. A dose of 60 mg/kg body weight MNU, injected intraperitoneally into male and female C57BL mice, evoked progressive retinal degeneration in all treated mice, while control mice remained normal. An early change was photoreceptor apoptosis followed by infiltration of macrophages and swelling of the pigment epithelial cells with phagosomal inclusions for apoptotic photoreceptor cell removal. Loss of the majority of photoreceptor cells occurred within a week. Then, Feulgen-positive corpuscles, indicative of an aggregation of degenerative photoreceptor elements, vitread the outer limiting membrane were surrounded by Müller cell processes, and the duplication of the pigment epithelial cells sclerad the outer limiting membrane were seen 2 and 3 weeks after the treatment. Finally, the Feulgen-positive corpuscles disappeared and Müller cell processes were in direct contact with the continuous lining of the single layer of pigment epithelial cells. As in retinitis pigmentosa in humans, the primary event was loss of photoreceptor cells by apoptosis, but the migration of the pigment epithelial cells within the retina was not seen in the present model.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Nambu
- Department of Pathology, Kansai Medical University, Osaka, Japan
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Senzaki H, Ogura E, Iwamoto S, Nambu H, Uemura Y, Shikata N, Tsubura A. Keratin expression in normal uterine cervical epithelium and carcinomas of cervical origin. Oncol Rep 1997. [DOI: 10.3892/or.4.1.79] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
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31
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Senzaki H, Ogura E, Iwamoto S, Nambu H, Uemura Y, Shikata N, Tsubura A. Keratin expression in normal uterine cervical epithelium and carcinomas of cervical origin. Oncol Rep 1997; 4:79-83. [PMID: 21590015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The immunohistochemical expression of keratins 7, 8, 10, 13, 14, 17, 18 and 19 was examined in formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissues of normal uterine cervical epithelium and carcinomas of cervical origin (4 squamous cell carcinoma in situ, 17 squamous cell carcinoma, 9 adenocarcinoma, and 1 adenoid basal carcinoma). A panel of 8 monoclonal antibodies capable of recognizing 8 individual keratin subtypes was employed using microwave oven heating and a labeled streptavidin biotin method. Ectocervical squamous epithelium expressed keratins 14 and 19 in the basal cell layer, and keratins 10 and 13 in the suprabasal cell layer. Endocervical columnar cells were found to express keratins 7, 8, 18 and 19, whereas the reserve cells expressed keratins 7, 8, 14, 17, 18 and 19. Most of the squamous cell carcinomas, both keratinizing and non-keratinizing, as well as the carcinoma in situ revealed a keratin phenotype detected in normal ectocervical squamous cells (keratins 10, 13, 14 and 19) and endocervical subcolumnar reserve cells (keratins 7, 17 and 18). The adenocarcinomas, both endocervical and endometrial type, were positive for keratins 7, 8, 17, 18 and 19. The adenoid basal carcinoma expressed all the keratins examined including the expression of reserve cell keratin. Reserve cell keratins were found mostly in squamous cell carcinomas, adenocarcinomas and adenoid basal carcinoma of cervical origin. Therefore, the keratin expression pattern indicates the origin of a variety of carcinomas of the uterine cervix from a common progenitor, endocervical reserve cells.
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Nakajima M, Nambu H, Shikata N, Senzaki H, Miki H, Tsubura A. Pigmentary degeneration induced by N-methyl-N-nitrosourea and the fate of pigment epithelial cells in the rat retina. Pathol Int 1996; 46:874-82. [PMID: 8970197 DOI: 10.1111/j.1440-1827.1996.tb03561.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Pigmentary degeneration of the retina was induced by a single intraperitoneal injection of 75 mg/kg of N-methyl-N-nitrosourea (MNU) in female Brown-Norway colored rats at 50 days of age, which were then observed at 24, 48 and 72 h and 7, 21, 35 and 150 days after the treatment. MNU-treated rats showed selective destruction of the photoreceptor cells by an apoptotic mechanism 24 h after the treatment, and the destruction was completed by day 7. During the photoreceptor cell degeneration, proliferation of Müller cells and infiltration of macrophages was prominent 72 h and 21 days after the treatment, respectively. Müller cell proliferation and macrophage infiltration corresponded to degenerative photoreceptor cell phagocytosis, and proliferating Müller cell processes responded to stabilize the damaged retina. Pigment epithelial cell detachment from the Bruch's membrane was seen 72 h after the treatment, and migration within all layers of the retina was seen at day 7 when photoreceptor cells were lost. At 21, 35 and 150 days after the treatment, lack of photoreceptor cells and deposition of pigment epithelial cells within the retina but not in contact to vascular endothelial cells were characteristic. MNU-induced photoreceptor apoptosis followed by Müller cell and macrophage reaction then pigment epithelial cells deposition within the retina partially resembles retinitis pigmentosa in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Nakajima
- Department of Pathology, Kansai Medical University, Osaka, Japan
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Abstract
The morphogenesis of the photoreceptor cells in the retinas of C3H mice carrying the rd gene and C57BL mice carrying the normal gene was compared, and retinas of the C3H mutants (C3H-lpr/lpr, -lprcg/lprcg, and -lpr/lpr-gld/gld) defective in apoptosis through the Fas system were examined. In the C57BL retina, the inner and outer nuclear layers were separated at 8 days of age, and the photoreceptor inner and outer segments began to grow between 8-11 days after birth with their most rapid growth occurring between 14-17 days of age. In the C3H retina, the development was comparable to that of the C57BL retina at 8 days of age but the reduction in thickness of the outer nuclear and photoreceptor layers was noted at 11 days of age, and the outer nuclear layer became reduced to only a few nuclei in thickness at 14 days, being completely missing or reduced to a single row of cells at 20 days. The degeneration was by an apoptotic mechanism as confirmed morphologically and by the TUNEL method. In all the C3H mutant retinas examined over 24 days of age, the complete depletion of the outer nuclear layer or reduction to a single row comparable to 20-day-old C3H mice was seen. The rd gene action is therefore independent of Fas/Fas ligand-medicated apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Nambu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kansai Medical University, Osaka, Japan
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Yuge K, Nambu H, Senzaki H, Nakao I, Miki H, Uyama M, Tsubura A. N-methyl-N-nitrosourea-induced photoreceptor apoptosis in the mouse retina. In Vivo 1996; 10:483-8. [PMID: 8899426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Retinal degeneration induced by a single intraperitoneal injection of N-methyl-N-nitrosourea (MNU) in male and female albino (GRS/A and DDD/1) and colored (C57BL) mice at 7 weeks of age was examined morphologically 1, 3, 7, 14 and 21 days after the treatment. A dose of 60 mg/kg body weight evoked progressive retinal degeneration in all mice. All albino and colored mice had a comparable progression of photoreceptor cell degeneration by an apoptotic mechanism, as confirmed by morphological and TUNEL methods. Apoptosis had already taken place 1 day after the treatment and was completed by Day 7. This process resulted in a thin remnant of retina with complete loss of photoreceptor cells-21 days after the treatment. During the course of apoptosis, the pigment epithelial cells were maintained in a continuous layer in all strains of mice. In colored mice, several layers of the swollen pigment-enriched cells were seen between the inner nuclear layer and the pigment epithelial layer 14 and 21 days after the treatment. In summary, the destruction of photoreceptor cells by the apoptotic process was the mechanism by which retinal degeneration was induced by MNU.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Yuge
- Department of Pathology, Kansai Medical University, Osaka, Japan
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35
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Yang J, Senzaki H, Nambu H, Tsubura A. Morphological detection of cell kinetics and progesterone receptor expression during growth and regression of pregnancy-dependent mammary tumors of GRS/A mice. Cancer Lett 1996; 106:83-9. [PMID: 8827050 DOI: 10.1016/0304-3835(96)04306-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Cell kinetics (cell proliferation and cell death) and the expression of progesterone receptor (PgR) during growth and regression of pregnancy-dependent mammary tumors (PDMT) of female GRS/A mice were investigated on the histologic level. Cell proliferation was determined using monoclonal anti-proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) antibody (PC10) and cell death was detected using the TUNEL method. PgR expression was determined using monoclonal anti-PgR antibody (10A9). In growing PDMT (type P tumor) obtained during days 16-20 of pregnancy, numerous PCNA labeling was observed in both the epithelial and mesenchymal cells, whereas PgR was found only in epithelial cells and no TUNEL signal was detected. In regressing PDMT obtained during days 0-5 of lactation, the level of PCNA labeling was low and the PgR-positive cells were preferentially labeled by the TUNEL staining, which led to microcyst formation (cystic degeneration). Pale cell carcinoma was shown to be pregnancy-dependent, since the tumor cells were universally PgR-positive, and TUNEL-positive signal with low PCNA-labeling was detected after the delivery.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Antibodies, Monoclonal
- Cell Death
- Cell Division
- Crosses, Genetic
- Female
- Lactation
- Male
- Mammary Glands, Animal/cytology
- Mammary Neoplasms, Animal/metabolism
- Mammary Neoplasms, Animal/pathology
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred Strains
- Pregnancy
- Pregnancy Complications, Neoplastic/metabolism
- Pregnancy Complications, Neoplastic/pathology
- Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen/analysis
- Receptors, Progesterone/analysis
- Receptors, Progesterone/biosynthesis
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Affiliation(s)
- J Yang
- Department of Pathology, Kansai Medical University, Osaka, Japan
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Nambu H. Variations in the numbers of phalangeal bones in the four-toed salamander, Hynobius tenuis (Amphibia: Hynobiidae), from two localities in Toyama Prefecture, Central Japan. Okajimas Folia Anat Jpn 1995; 72:7-12. [PMID: 7566880 DOI: 10.2535/ofaj1936.72.1_7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Variations in the numbers of phalangeal bones in the fingers (I to IV) and toes (I to V) of specimens of Hynobius tenuis collected from two localities (Ashikuraji and Arimine) in Toyama Prefecture, Central Japan, were recorded. In the case of fingers of fore limbs, eight phalangeal formulas were distinguished, and in the case of toes of hind limbs, ten phalangeal formulas were recognized. In the fingers of specimens from Ashikuraji, the predominant formulas were 2-2-3-2 (40%) and 2-2-3-1 (32%). In specimens from Arimine, 2-2-3-2 was predominant (75%). In toes, the predominant formula was 2-2-3-2-0- (96%) for Ashikuraji and 71% for Arimine. The maximal number of phalangeal bones, 2-2-3-3-2, found in the toes of specimens from Arimine seems to represent the fundamental formula in hynobiid salamanders. The predominant formula, 2-2-3-2-0-, observed in the two populations may have been derived from the fundamental formula by degeneration of the phalangeal bones in the fourth and the fifth toes. The reason why phalangeal bones were degenerated in this species is discussed from an ecological viewpoint of body growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Nambu
- Graduate School of Science and Technology Niigata University, Japan
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Yoshioka H, Takeda Y, Matsuda I, Nakayama M, Akera T, Shimizu T, Nambu H, Iwasaki K, Kaneko K, Mukubo M. Use of drugs during pregnancy in Japanese women. BRATISL MED J 1991; 92:582-5. [PMID: 1806171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
The use of drugs during pregnancy was studied in 890 women, who were delivered of their babies in 11 obstetric departments of general hospitals in Japan, during the one month period of November 1989. Of these women, 889 (99.9%) took one or more drugs during the whole period of pregnancy and the number of drugs taken averaged 9.6. During pregnancy 172 women (19.3%) did not take drugs, and the remaining 718 (80.7%) took a total of 1766 medications. The most commonly used drugs were anti-anemic, anti-abortion medications, digestives, and antimicrobials. Bronchodilators, psychotropic agents, anticonvulsants, and steroids were each prescribed during pregnancy for about 1% of the women. Malformations were found at birth in 12 infants (1.3%). No significant relations were found between these anomalies and ingestion of particular drugs. During pregnancy, 9.3% of the women continued to smoke, and 1.9% continued to consume moderate amounts or more of alcohol. (Tab. 8, Ref. 7.)
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Affiliation(s)
- H Yoshioka
- Asahikawa Medical College, Department of Pediatrics, Japan
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Abstract
In a Japanese family, a propositus and his mother had crossed polydactyly type I. A maternal grandaunt also had preaxial polydactyly of the feet. The findings that both of the mother and son had the identical type of polydactyly are consistent with an autosomal dominant inheritance with variable expressivity. Other explanations include X-linked recessive inheritance, polygenic inheritance, and a chance occurrence of the 2 different kinds of polydactyly.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Ishikiriyama
- Division of Medical Genetics, Chiba Children's Hospital, Japan
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39
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Nambu H. [Clinical aspects of psychosomatic disorders: from the standpoint of pediatric clinics]. Hokkaido Igaku Zasshi 1985; 60:475-9. [PMID: 4054817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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Nambu H, Anakura M, Tanakawa N, Sawada H. [Respiratory distress in the newborn (author's transl)]. Hokkaido Igaku Zasshi 1979; 54:253-63. [PMID: 391687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Diseases which manifest with the respiratory distress in the newborn include 1) respiratory diseases-IRDS, type II RDS, neonatal asphyxia, and MAS etc. 2) anemia, CHD 3) CNS and 4) metabolic diseases. Among these, IRDS has high mortality rate because of the lack of the pulmonary surfactant and immaturity of respiratory center, and has many difficult problems in terms of its prevention and respiratory management. The points of its respiratory management are as follows: 1) Estimation of the level of arterial oxygen ation-this is the most important point. It has become possible, these days, to monitor continuous oxygenation using a transcutaneous oxygen electrode. 2) Knowledge of the physiology & management of apnea, and monitoring of heart rate and respiration. 3) Correction of acidosis & anemia and the nutritional supply by the intraveonous fluid administration. 4) Airway maintenance. 5) Oxygen administration to main PaO2 or tc PO2 of 60--80 mmHg. 6) Artificial ventilation by CPAP or IMV and 7) The specific drug therapy includes indomethacin for PDA associated with IRDS, Tolazoline for the fetal circulation syndrome, and Xanthine derivatives for primary apnea. 8) However, improvement by exchange transfusion has been contro-versial. On the other hand, in the type II RDS which has a relatively good prognosis, the intact survival can be expected by means of the proper management of general condition and respiration. In MAS, pneumothorax, pneumomediastinum and severe asphyxia, the proper resuscitation, oxygen administration should be given according to several conditions, especially the degree of hypoxia. The peritoneal dialysis can be lifesaving in case of severe renal impairment with RD. As the respiratory distress in the newborn is very frequent in its occurrence and death rate, its proper management is expected to result in the decrease in the newborn death rate in Hokkaido (8.1--6.6 per 1,000 live births) and the increase in the survival rate without any handicap, particularly if hospitals in each Hokkaido district give the newborn medical care more intensively than at present.
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42
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Oka Y, Matsuda I, Nambu H, Nagai B, Mitsuyama T. The effects of oral alanine administration on blood glucose, pyruvate, lactate, serum glucagon and insulin in human newborns. Eur J Pediatr 1977; 125:191-5. [PMID: 885146 DOI: 10.1007/bf00480596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Alanine (500 mg/kg body weight) was given orally to 27 healthy full term newborn infants, and the changes in blood glucose, pyruvate, lactate, alanine, glucagon and insulin were determined. Significant increments in blood glucose were found in 15 infants with blood glucose levels below 60 mg/100 ml, 4 of whom showed significant elevation of serum glucagon levels on day 1. This observation suggests that hepatic gluconeogenesis is possible immediately after birth.
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Kamiyama Y, Takeda H, Ohshita M, Nambu H, Yamaoka Y. Hepatic metabolic changes following energy deprivation by ammonia in patients and rabbits with jaundice. Surg Gynecol Obstet 1977; 145:33-40. [PMID: 877822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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Abstract
Following therapeutic intrathecal administration of cephaloridine to an 11-day-old premature infant with suspected meningitis, a generalized tonic convulsion was observed. Symptoms continued to subside over the next six hours, followed by postictal sleep. That convulsion and other symptoms were due to cephaloridine was confirmed when the second intrathecal administration produced the same symptom. Because of its possible damaging effect on CNS, it is strongly suggested that cephaloridine should not be administered directly into the cerebrospinal fluid space.
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Ozawa K, Takeda H, Yamaoka Y, Nambu H, Kamiyama Y. Adenine nucleotide metabolism in regenerative, atrophic, and necrotizing processes of the liver. Gastroenterology 1974; 67:1225-30. [PMID: 4214729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
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46
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Ozawa K, Yamaoka Y, Kitamura O, Nambu H, Kamiyama Y. Clinical application of cytochrome a(plus a3) assay of mitochondria from liver specimens: an aid in determining metabolic tolerance of liver remnant for hepatic resection. Ann Surg 1974; 180:868-76. [PMID: 4372960 PMCID: PMC1343812 DOI: 10.1097/00000658-197412000-00013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Measurement of cytochrome a(+a(3)) contents in liver mitochondria was made on 52 biopsy specimens of patients with liver tumor. Patients having higher cytochrome a(+a(3)) contents in mitochondria from remaining liver than those of normal human liver mitochondria could survive well major liver resections whether or not associated with liver cirrhosis. However, patients with cytochrome a(+a(3)) contents less than 0.5 x 10(-10) moles per mg protein showed a high rate of postoperative complication (80%) and death (40%) in spite of minor operation. In routinely used liver function tests such as serum albumin, A/G ratio, SGOT, total bilirubin, prothrombin time, BSP and TTT, there were no significant differences between patients with cytochrome a(+a(3)) contents more than 0.5 x 10(-10) moles per mg protein and those less than 0.5. The results indicate that routine laboratory studies do not have much diagnostic value in estimation of a marked decrease of mitochondrial cytochrome a(+a(3)) contents. It is suggested that the measurements of cytochrome a(+a(3)) of the remnant liver should be done prior to a contemplated major resection.
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47
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Nambu H, Murayama T, Kodama S, Takimoto M, Suehiro T. [Clinical application of clindamycin-2-palmitate to pediatric infection (author's transl)]. Jpn J Antibiot 1973; 26:334-8. [PMID: 4542669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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48
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Matsuda I, Arashima S, Nambu H, Takekoshi Y, Anakura M. Hyperammonemia due to a mutant enzyme of ornithine transcarbamylase. Pediatrics 1971; 48:595-600. [PMID: 5114747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
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49
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Yamada N, Yoshioka H, Nambu H, Itagaki M. [Therapeutic results of demethylchlortetracycline (Ledermycin) dry syrup administration in acute infections in children]. Jpn J Antibiot 1969; 22:203-5. [PMID: 4980481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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50
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Nambu H, Itagaki M, Shibaki H, Yoshioka H. [Application of a new synthetic penicillin, hetacillin in pediatric field]. Jpn J Antibiot 1968; 21:111-4. [PMID: 5303489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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