1
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Lecoq PE, Dupuis C, Mousset X, Benoit-Gonnin X, Peyrin JM, Aider JL. Influence of microgravity on spontaneous calcium activity of primary hippocampal neurons grown in microfluidic chips. NPJ Microgravity 2024; 10:15. [PMID: 38321051 PMCID: PMC10847089 DOI: 10.1038/s41526-024-00355-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 02/08/2024] Open
Abstract
The influence of variations of gravity, either hypergravity or microgravity, on the brain of astronauts is a major concern for long journeys in space, to the Moon or to Mars, or simply long-duration missions on the ISS (International Space Station). Monitoring brain activity, before and after ISS missions already demonstrated important and long term effects on the brains of astronauts. In this study, we focus on the influence of gravity variations at the cellular level on primary hippocampal neurons. A dedicated setup has been designed and built to perform live calcium imaging during parabolic flights. During a CNES (Centre National d'Etudes Spatiales) parabolic flight campaign, we were able to observe and monitor the calcium activity of 2D networks of neurons inside microfluidic devices during gravity changes over different parabolas. Our preliminary results clearly indicate a modification of the calcium activity associated to variations of gravity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierre-Ewen Lecoq
- PMMH, ESPCI Paris - PSL, Paris, 75005, France.
- Neurosciences Paris Seine IBPS, UMR8246, Inserm U1130, Sorbonne University, 4 Place Jussieu, Paris, 75005, France.
| | - Chloé Dupuis
- PMMH, ESPCI Paris - PSL, Paris, 75005, France
- Neurosciences Paris Seine IBPS, UMR8246, Inserm U1130, Sorbonne University, 4 Place Jussieu, Paris, 75005, France
| | - Xavier Mousset
- PMMH, ESPCI Paris - PSL, Paris, 75005, France
- Neurosciences Paris Seine IBPS, UMR8246, Inserm U1130, Sorbonne University, 4 Place Jussieu, Paris, 75005, France
| | | | - Jean-Michel Peyrin
- Neurosciences Paris Seine IBPS, UMR8246, Inserm U1130, Sorbonne University, 4 Place Jussieu, Paris, 75005, France.
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Bonneau N, Potey A, Vitoux MA, Magny R, Guerin C, Baudouin C, Peyrin JM, Brignole-Baudouin F, Réaux-Le Goazigo A. Corneal neuroepithelial compartmentalized microfluidic chip model for evaluation of toxicity-induced dry eye. Ocul Surf 2023; 30:307-319. [PMID: 37984561 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtos.2023.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Revised: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023]
Abstract
Part of the lacrimal functional unit, the cornea protects the ocular surface from numerous environmental aggressions and xenobiotics. Toxicological evaluation of compounds remains a challenge due to complex interactions between corneal nerve endings and epithelial cells. To this day, models do not integrate the physiological specificity of corneal nerve endings and are insufficient for the detection of low toxic effects essential to anticipate Toxicity-Induced Dry Eye (TIDE). Using high-content imaging tool, we here characterize toxicity-induced cellular alterations using primary cultures of mouse trigeminal sensory neurons and corneal epithelial cells in a compartmentalized microfluidic chip. We validate this model through the analysis of benzalkonium chloride (BAC) toxicity, a well-known preservative in eyedrops, after a single (6h) or repeated (twice a day for 15 min over 5 days) topical 5.10-4% BAC applications on the corneal epithelial cells and nerve terminals. In combination with high-content image analysis, this advanced microfluidic protocol reveal specific and tiny changes in the epithelial cells and axonal network as well as in trigeminal cells, not directly exposed to BAC, with ATF3/6 stress markers and phospho-p44/42 cell activation marker. Altogether, this corneal neuroepithelial chip enables the evaluation of toxic effects of ocular xenobiotics, distinguishing the impact on corneal sensory innervation and epithelial cells. The combination of compartmentalized co-culture/high-content imaging/multiparameter analysis opens the way for the systematic analysis of toxicants but also neuroprotective compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noémie Bonneau
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, CNRS, IHU FOReSIGHT, Institut de la Vision, 17 rue Moreau, F-75012, Paris, France; HORUS PHARMA, F-06200 Nice, France
| | - Anaïs Potey
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, CNRS, IHU FOReSIGHT, Institut de la Vision, 17 rue Moreau, F-75012, Paris, France
| | - Michael-Adrien Vitoux
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, CNRS, IHU FOReSIGHT, Institut de la Vision, 17 rue Moreau, F-75012, Paris, France
| | - Romain Magny
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, CNRS, IHU FOReSIGHT, Institut de la Vision, 17 rue Moreau, F-75012, Paris, France; UMR CNRS 8038 CiTCoM, Chimie Toxicologie Analytique et Cellulaire, Université de Paris, Faculté de Pharmacie, Paris, France
| | | | - Christophe Baudouin
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, CNRS, IHU FOReSIGHT, Institut de la Vision, 17 rue Moreau, F-75012, Paris, France; Centre Hospitalier National d'Ophtalmologie des Quinze-Vingts, INSERM-DGOS CIC 1423, IHU FOReSIGHT, 28 rue de Charenton, F-75012, Paris, France; Université Versailles-Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines, Hôpital Ambroise Paré, APHP, F-92100, Boulogne-Billancourt, France
| | - Jean-Michel Peyrin
- Neurosciences Paris Seine, UMR8246, Inserm U1130, IBPS, UPMC, Sorbonne Université, 4 Place Jussieu, F-75005, Paris, France.
| | - Françoise Brignole-Baudouin
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, CNRS, IHU FOReSIGHT, Institut de la Vision, 17 rue Moreau, F-75012, Paris, France; Centre Hospitalier National d'Ophtalmologie des Quinze-Vingts, INSERM-DGOS CIC 1423, IHU FOReSIGHT, 28 rue de Charenton, F-75012, Paris, France; Université Paris Cité, Faculté de Pharmacie de Paris, F-75006, Paris, France.
| | - Annabelle Réaux-Le Goazigo
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, CNRS, IHU FOReSIGHT, Institut de la Vision, 17 rue Moreau, F-75012, Paris, France.
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3
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Courte J, Le NA, Pan T, Bousset L, Melki R, Villard C, Peyrin JM. Synapses do not facilitate prion-like transfer of alpha-synuclein: a quantitative study in reconstructed unidirectional neural networks. Cell Mol Life Sci 2023; 80:284. [PMID: 37688644 PMCID: PMC10492778 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-023-04915-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2023] [Revised: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/11/2023]
Abstract
Alpha-synuclein (aSyn) aggregation spreads between cells and underlies the progression of neuronal lesions in the brain of patients with synucleinopathies such as Parkinson's diseases. The mechanisms of cell-to-cell propagation of aggregates, which dictate how aggregation progresses at the network level, remain poorly understood. Notably, while prion and prion-like spreading is often simplistically envisioned as a "domino-like" spreading scenario where connected neurons sequentially propagate protein aggregation to each other, the reality is likely to be more nuanced. Here, we demonstrate that the spreading of preformed aSyn aggregates is a limited process that occurs through molecular sieving of large aSyn seeds. We further show that this process is not facilitated by synaptic connections. This was achieved through the development and characterization of a new microfluidic platform that allows reconstruction of binary fully oriented neuronal networks in vitro with no unwanted backward connections, and through the careful quantification of fluorescent aSyn aggregates spreading between neurons. While this allowed us for the first time to extract quantitative data of protein seeds dissemination along neural pathways, our data suggest that prion-like dissemination of proteinopathic seeding aggregates occurs very progressively and leads to highly compartmentalized pattern of protein seeding in neural networks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josquin Courte
- Faculté des Sciences et Technologie, Institut de Biologie Paris Seine, Sorbonne Universités, CNRS UMR 8246, INSERM U1130, Neurosciences Paris Seine, 75005 Paris, France
- Institut Curie, CNRS UMR 168, Université PSL, Sorbonne Universités, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Ngoc Anh Le
- Faculté des Sciences et Technologie, Institut de Biologie Paris Seine, Sorbonne Universités, CNRS UMR 8246, INSERM U1130, Neurosciences Paris Seine, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Teng Pan
- Faculté des Sciences et Technologie, Institut de Biologie Paris Seine, Sorbonne Universités, CNRS UMR 8246, INSERM U1130, Neurosciences Paris Seine, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Luc Bousset
- Institut François Jacob, (MIRCen), CEA and Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Diseases, CNRS, 92260 Fontenay-Aux-Roses, France
| | - Ronald Melki
- Institut François Jacob, (MIRCen), CEA and Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Diseases, CNRS, 92260 Fontenay-Aux-Roses, France
| | - Catherine Villard
- Institut Curie, CNRS UMR 168, Université PSL, Sorbonne Universités, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Jean-Michel Peyrin
- Faculté des Sciences et Technologie, Institut de Biologie Paris Seine, Sorbonne Universités, CNRS UMR 8246, INSERM U1130, Neurosciences Paris Seine, 75005 Paris, France
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4
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Gribaudo S, Bousset L, Courte J, Melki R, Peyrin JM, Perrier AL. Propagation of Distinct α-Synuclein Strains Within Human Reconstructed Neuronal Network and Associated Neuronal Dysfunctions. Methods Mol Biol 2023; 2551:357-378. [PMID: 36310215 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-2597-2_24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Aggregated alpha-synuclein (α-Syn) in neurons is a hallmark of Parkinson's disease (PD) and other synucleinopathies. Recent advances (1) in the production and purification of synthetic assemblies of α-Syn, (2) in the design and production of microfluidic devices allowing the construction of oriented and compartmentalized neuronal network on a chip, and (3) in the differentiation of human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) into specific neuronal subtypes now allow the study of cellular and molecular determinants of the prion-like properties of α-Syn in vitro. Here, we described the methods we used to reconstruct a cortico-cortical human neuronal network in microfluidic devices and how to take advantage of this cellular model to characterize (1) the prion-like properties of different α-Syn strains and (2) the neuronal dysfunctions and the alterations associated with the exposure to α-Syn strains or the nucleation of endogenous α-Syn protein in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simona Gribaudo
- Université Paris-Saclay, INSERM, I-Stem, AFM, Corbeil-Essonnes, France
- INSERM UMR-S 1270, 75005, Paris, France
- Sorbonne Université, F75005, Paris, France
- Institut du Fer à Moulin, F75005, Paris, France
| | - Luc Bousset
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, CNRS, MIRCen, Laboratoire des Maladies Neurodégénératives, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
| | - Josquin Courte
- Sorbonne Université, Faculté des Sciences et Technologie, CNRS UMR 8246, INSERM U1130, Neurosciences Paris Seine, Institut de Biologie Paris Seine, Paris, France
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS UMR 168, Physico Chimie Curie, Institut Pierre-Gilles de Gennes, Paris, France
| | - Ronald Melki
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, CNRS, MIRCen, Laboratoire des Maladies Neurodégénératives, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France.
| | - Jean-Michel Peyrin
- Sorbonne Université, Faculté des Sciences et Technologie, CNRS UMR 8246, INSERM U1130, Neurosciences Paris Seine, Institut de Biologie Paris Seine, Paris, France.
| | - Anselme L Perrier
- Université Paris-Saclay, INSERM, I-Stem, AFM, Corbeil-Essonnes, France.
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, CNRS, MIRCen, Laboratoire des Maladies Neurodégénératives, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France.
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5
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Saurty-Seerunghen MS, Daubon T, Bellenger L, Delaunay V, Castro G, Guyon J, Rezk A, Fabrega S, Idbaih A, Almairac F, Burel-Vandenbos F, Turchi L, Duplus E, Virolle T, Peyrin JM, Antoniewski C, Chneiweiss H, El-Habr EA, Junier MP. Glioblastoma cell motility depends on enhanced oxidative stress coupled with mobilization of a sulfurtransferase. Cell Death Dis 2022. [PMID: 36310164 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-022-05358-8.pmid:36310164;pmcid:pmc9618559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/29/2023]
Abstract
Cell motility is critical for tumor malignancy. Metabolism being an obligatory step in shaping cell behavior, we looked for metabolic weaknesses shared by motile cells across the diverse genetic contexts of patients' glioblastoma. Computational analyses of single-cell transcriptomes from thirty patients' tumors isolated cells with high motile potential and highlighted their metabolic specificities. These cells were characterized by enhanced mitochondrial load and oxidative stress coupled with mobilization of the cysteine metabolism enzyme 3-Mercaptopyruvate sulfurtransferase (MPST). Functional assays with patients' tumor-derived cells and -tissue organoids, and genetic and pharmacological manipulations confirmed that the cells depend on enhanced ROS production and MPST activity for their motility. MPST action involved protection of protein cysteine residues from damaging hyperoxidation. Its knockdown translated in reduced tumor burden, and a robust increase in mice survival. Starting from cell-by-cell analyses of the patients' tumors, our work unravels metabolic dependencies of cell malignancy maintained across heterogeneous genomic landscapes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mirca S Saurty-Seerunghen
- CNRS UMR8246, Inserm U1130, Sorbonne Université, Neuroscience Paris Seine-IBPS Laboratory, Team Glial Plasticity and NeuroOncology, Paris, France
| | - Thomas Daubon
- CNRS UMR5095, Inserm U1029, Université de Bordeaux, Institut de Biochimie et Génétique Cellulaires, Team Bioenergetics and dynamics of mitochondria, Bordeaux, France
| | - Léa Bellenger
- ARTbio Bioinformatics Analysis Facility, Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Institut de Biologie Paris Seine, Paris, France
| | - Virgile Delaunay
- CNRS UMR8246, Inserm U1130, Sorbonne Université, Neuroscience Paris Seine-IBPS Laboratory, Team Glial Plasticity and NeuroOncology, Paris, France
| | - Gloria Castro
- CNRS UMR8246, Inserm U1130, Sorbonne Université, Neuroscience Paris Seine-IBPS Laboratory, Team Glial Plasticity and NeuroOncology, Paris, France
| | - Joris Guyon
- Inserm U1312, Université de Bordeaux, Pessac, France
| | - Ahmed Rezk
- CNRS UMR8246, Inserm U1130, Sorbonne Université, Neuroscience Paris Seine-IBPS Laboratory, Team Glial Plasticity and NeuroOncology, Paris, France
| | - Sylvie Fabrega
- Plateforme Vecteurs Viraux et Transfert de Gènes, Université Paris Descartes-Structure Fédérative de Recherche Necker, CNRS UMS3633, Inserm US24, Paris, France
| | - Ahmed Idbaih
- CNRS UMR 7225, Inserm U1127, Sorbonne Université, Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière, Paris, France
| | - Fabien Almairac
- Université Côte D'Azur, CNRS, INSERM, Institut de Biologie Valrose, Team INSERM Cancer Stem Cell Plasticity and Functional Intra-tumor Heterogeneity, Nice, France
- Service de Neurochirurgie, Hôpital Pasteur, CHU de Nice, Nice, 06107, France
| | - Fanny Burel-Vandenbos
- Université Côte D'Azur, CNRS, INSERM, Institut de Biologie Valrose, Team INSERM Cancer Stem Cell Plasticity and Functional Intra-tumor Heterogeneity, Nice, France
- Service d'anatomopathologie, Hôpital Pasteur, CHU de Nice, Nice, 06107, France
| | - Laurent Turchi
- Université Côte D'Azur, CNRS, INSERM, Institut de Biologie Valrose, Team INSERM Cancer Stem Cell Plasticity and Functional Intra-tumor Heterogeneity, Nice, France
- DRCI, CHU de Nice, Nice, 06107, France
| | - Eric Duplus
- CNRS UMR8256, INSERM ERL1164, Sorbonne Université, Biological adaptation and aging-IBPS Laboratory, Team Integrated cellular aging and inflammation, Paris, France
| | - Thierry Virolle
- Université Côte D'Azur, CNRS, INSERM, Institut de Biologie Valrose, Team INSERM Cancer Stem Cell Plasticity and Functional Intra-tumor Heterogeneity, Nice, France
| | - Jean-Michel Peyrin
- CNRS UMR8246, Inserm U1130, Sorbonne Université, Neuroscience Paris Seine-IBPS Laboratory, Team Axonal degeneration and regeneration, Paris, France
| | - Christophe Antoniewski
- ARTbio Bioinformatics Analysis Facility, Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Institut de Biologie Paris Seine, Paris, France
| | - Hervé Chneiweiss
- CNRS UMR8246, Inserm U1130, Sorbonne Université, Neuroscience Paris Seine-IBPS Laboratory, Team Glial Plasticity and NeuroOncology, Paris, France
| | - Elias A El-Habr
- CNRS UMR8246, Inserm U1130, Sorbonne Université, Neuroscience Paris Seine-IBPS Laboratory, Team Glial Plasticity and NeuroOncology, Paris, France.
| | - Marie-Pierre Junier
- CNRS UMR8246, Inserm U1130, Sorbonne Université, Neuroscience Paris Seine-IBPS Laboratory, Team Glial Plasticity and NeuroOncology, Paris, France.
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6
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Saurty-Seerunghen MS, Daubon T, Bellenger L, Delaunay V, Castro G, Guyon J, Rezk A, Fabrega S, Idbaih A, Almairac F, Burel-Vandenbos F, Turchi L, Duplus E, Virolle T, Peyrin JM, Antoniewski C, Chneiweiss H, El-Habr EA, Junier MP. Glioblastoma cell motility depends on enhanced oxidative stress coupled with mobilization of a sulfurtransferase. Cell Death Dis 2022; 13:913. [PMID: 36310164 PMCID: PMC9618559 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-022-05358-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2022] [Revised: 10/17/2022] [Accepted: 10/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Cell motility is critical for tumor malignancy. Metabolism being an obligatory step in shaping cell behavior, we looked for metabolic weaknesses shared by motile cells across the diverse genetic contexts of patients' glioblastoma. Computational analyses of single-cell transcriptomes from thirty patients' tumors isolated cells with high motile potential and highlighted their metabolic specificities. These cells were characterized by enhanced mitochondrial load and oxidative stress coupled with mobilization of the cysteine metabolism enzyme 3-Mercaptopyruvate sulfurtransferase (MPST). Functional assays with patients' tumor-derived cells and -tissue organoids, and genetic and pharmacological manipulations confirmed that the cells depend on enhanced ROS production and MPST activity for their motility. MPST action involved protection of protein cysteine residues from damaging hyperoxidation. Its knockdown translated in reduced tumor burden, and a robust increase in mice survival. Starting from cell-by-cell analyses of the patients' tumors, our work unravels metabolic dependencies of cell malignancy maintained across heterogeneous genomic landscapes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mirca S. Saurty-Seerunghen
- grid.462844.80000 0001 2308 1657CNRS UMR8246, Inserm U1130, Sorbonne Université, Neuroscience Paris Seine-IBPS Laboratory, Team Glial Plasticity and NeuroOncology, Paris, France
| | - Thomas Daubon
- grid.462122.10000 0004 1795 2841CNRS UMR5095, Inserm U1029, Université de Bordeaux, Institut de Biochimie et Génétique Cellulaires, Team Bioenergetics and dynamics of mitochondria, Bordeaux, France
| | - Léa Bellenger
- grid.503253.20000 0004 0520 7190ARTbio Bioinformatics Analysis Facility, Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Institut de Biologie Paris Seine, Paris, France
| | - Virgile Delaunay
- grid.462844.80000 0001 2308 1657CNRS UMR8246, Inserm U1130, Sorbonne Université, Neuroscience Paris Seine-IBPS Laboratory, Team Glial Plasticity and NeuroOncology, Paris, France
| | - Gloria Castro
- grid.462844.80000 0001 2308 1657CNRS UMR8246, Inserm U1130, Sorbonne Université, Neuroscience Paris Seine-IBPS Laboratory, Team Glial Plasticity and NeuroOncology, Paris, France
| | - Joris Guyon
- grid.412041.20000 0001 2106 639XInserm U1312, Université de Bordeaux, Pessac, France
| | - Ahmed Rezk
- grid.462844.80000 0001 2308 1657CNRS UMR8246, Inserm U1130, Sorbonne Université, Neuroscience Paris Seine-IBPS Laboratory, Team Glial Plasticity and NeuroOncology, Paris, France
| | - Sylvie Fabrega
- grid.508487.60000 0004 7885 7602Plateforme Vecteurs Viraux et Transfert de Gènes, Université Paris Descartes-Structure Fédérative de Recherche Necker, CNRS UMS3633, Inserm US24, Paris, France
| | - Ahmed Idbaih
- grid.425274.20000 0004 0620 5939CNRS UMR 7225, Inserm U1127, Sorbonne Université, Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière, Paris, France
| | - Fabien Almairac
- grid.461605.0Université Côte D’Azur, CNRS, INSERM, Institut de Biologie Valrose, Team INSERM Cancer Stem Cell Plasticity and Functional Intra-tumor Heterogeneity, Nice, France ,grid.464719.90000 0004 0639 4696Service de Neurochirurgie, Hôpital Pasteur, CHU de Nice, Nice, 06107 France
| | - Fanny Burel-Vandenbos
- grid.461605.0Université Côte D’Azur, CNRS, INSERM, Institut de Biologie Valrose, Team INSERM Cancer Stem Cell Plasticity and Functional Intra-tumor Heterogeneity, Nice, France ,grid.464719.90000 0004 0639 4696Service d’anatomopathologie, Hôpital Pasteur, CHU de Nice, Nice, 06107 France
| | - Laurent Turchi
- grid.461605.0Université Côte D’Azur, CNRS, INSERM, Institut de Biologie Valrose, Team INSERM Cancer Stem Cell Plasticity and Functional Intra-tumor Heterogeneity, Nice, France ,grid.410528.a0000 0001 2322 4179DRCI, CHU de Nice, Nice, 06107 France
| | - Eric Duplus
- grid.462844.80000 0001 2308 1657CNRS UMR8256, INSERM ERL1164, Sorbonne Université, Biological adaptation and aging-IBPS Laboratory, Team Integrated cellular aging and inflammation, Paris, France
| | - Thierry Virolle
- grid.461605.0Université Côte D’Azur, CNRS, INSERM, Institut de Biologie Valrose, Team INSERM Cancer Stem Cell Plasticity and Functional Intra-tumor Heterogeneity, Nice, France
| | - Jean-Michel Peyrin
- grid.462844.80000 0001 2308 1657CNRS UMR8246, Inserm U1130, Sorbonne Université, Neuroscience Paris Seine-IBPS Laboratory, Team Axonal degeneration and regeneration, Paris, France
| | - Christophe Antoniewski
- grid.503253.20000 0004 0520 7190ARTbio Bioinformatics Analysis Facility, Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Institut de Biologie Paris Seine, Paris, France
| | - Hervé Chneiweiss
- grid.462844.80000 0001 2308 1657CNRS UMR8246, Inserm U1130, Sorbonne Université, Neuroscience Paris Seine-IBPS Laboratory, Team Glial Plasticity and NeuroOncology, Paris, France
| | - Elias A. El-Habr
- grid.462844.80000 0001 2308 1657CNRS UMR8246, Inserm U1130, Sorbonne Université, Neuroscience Paris Seine-IBPS Laboratory, Team Glial Plasticity and NeuroOncology, Paris, France
| | - Marie-Pierre Junier
- grid.462844.80000 0001 2308 1657CNRS UMR8246, Inserm U1130, Sorbonne Université, Neuroscience Paris Seine-IBPS Laboratory, Team Glial Plasticity and NeuroOncology, Paris, France
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7
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Jeger-Madiot N, Mousset X, Dupuis C, Rabiet L, Hoyos M, Peyrin JM, Aider JL. Controlling the force and the position of acoustic traps with a tunable acoustofluidic chip: Application to spheroid manipulations. J Acoust Soc Am 2022; 151:4165. [PMID: 35778170 DOI: 10.1121/10.0011464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2021] [Accepted: 05/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
A multi-node acoustofluidic chip working on a broadband spectrum and beyond the resonance is designed for cell manipulations. A simple one-dimensional (1D) multi-layer model is used to describe the stationary standing waves generated inside a cavity. The transmissions and reflections of the acoustic wave through the different layers and interfaces lead to the creation of pressure nodes away from the resonance condition. A transparent cavity and a broadband ultrasonic transducer allow the measurement of the acoustic energy over a wide frequency range using particle image velocimetry measurements and the relation between acoustic energy and the particles velocity. The automation of the setup allows the acquisition over a large spectrum with a high frequency definition. The results show a wide continuous operating range for the acoustofluidic chip, which compares well with the 1D model. The variation of the acoustic radiation force when varying the frequency can be compensated to ensure a constant amplitude for the ARF. This approach is finally applied to mesenchymal stem cell (MCS) spheroids cultured in acoustic levitation. The MSC spheroids can be moved and merged just by varying the acoustic frequency. This approach opens the path to various acoustic manipulations and to complex 3D tissue engineering in acoustic levitation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathan Jeger-Madiot
- Laboratoire de Physique et Mécanique des Milieux Hétérogènes, Unité Mixte de Recherche 7636 Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, École Supérieure de Physique et de Chimie Industrielles de la Ville de Paris, Paris Sciences et Lettres University, Sorbonne Université, Université de Paris 1, Paris, 75005, France
| | - Xavier Mousset
- Laboratoire de Physique et Mécanique des Milieux Hétérogènes, Unité Mixte de Recherche 7636 Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, École Supérieure de Physique et de Chimie Industrielles de la Ville de Paris, Paris Sciences et Lettres University, Sorbonne Université, Université de Paris 1, Paris, 75005, France
| | - Chloé Dupuis
- Laboratoire de Physique et Mécanique des Milieux Hétérogènes, Unité Mixte de Recherche 7636 Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, École Supérieure de Physique et de Chimie Industrielles de la Ville de Paris, Paris Sciences et Lettres University, Sorbonne Université, Université de Paris 1, Paris, 75005, France
| | - Lucile Rabiet
- Laboratoire de Physique et Mécanique des Milieux Hétérogènes, Unité Mixte de Recherche 7636 Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, École Supérieure de Physique et de Chimie Industrielles de la Ville de Paris, Paris Sciences et Lettres University, Sorbonne Université, Université de Paris 1, Paris, 75005, France
| | - Mauricio Hoyos
- Laboratoire de Physique et Mécanique des Milieux Hétérogènes, Unité Mixte de Recherche 7636 Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, École Supérieure de Physique et de Chimie Industrielles de la Ville de Paris, Paris Sciences et Lettres University, Sorbonne Université, Université de Paris 1, Paris, 75005, France
| | - Jean-Michel Peyrin
- Sorbonne Universités, Faculté des Sciences et Ingénierie, CNRS UMR 8246, INSERM U1130, Neurosciences Paris Seine, Institut de Biologie Paris Seine, Paris, 75005, France
| | - Jean-Luc Aider
- Laboratoire de Physique et Mécanique des Milieux Hétérogènes, Unité Mixte de Recherche 7636 Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, École Supérieure de Physique et de Chimie Industrielles de la Ville de Paris, Paris Sciences et Lettres University, Sorbonne Université, Université de Paris 1, Paris, 75005, France
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8
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Gribaudo S, Tixador P, Bousset L, Fenyi A, Lino P, Melki R, Peyrin JM, Perrier AL. Propagation of α-Synuclein Strains within Human Reconstructed Neuronal Network. Stem Cell Reports 2019; 12:230-244. [PMID: 30639210 PMCID: PMC6372945 DOI: 10.1016/j.stemcr.2018.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2018] [Revised: 12/11/2018] [Accepted: 12/11/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Reappraisal of neuropathological studies suggests that pathological hallmarks of Alzheimer’s disease and Parkinson’s disease (PD) spread progressively along predictable neuronal pathways in the human brain through unknown mechanisms. Although there is much evidence supporting the prion-like propagation and amplification of α-synuclein (α-Syn) in vitro and in rodent models, whether this scenario occurs in the human brain remains to be substantiated. Here we reconstructed in microfluidic devices corticocortical neuronal networks using human induced pluripotent stem cells derived from a healthy donor. We provide unique experimental evidence that different strains of human α-Syn disseminate in “wild-type” human neuronal networks in a prion-like manner. We show that two distinct α-Syn strains we named fibrils and ribbons are transported, traffic between neurons, and trigger to different extents, in a dose- and structure-dependent manner, the progressive accumulation of PD-like pathological hallmarks. We further demonstrate that seeded aggregation of endogenous soluble α-Syn affects synaptic integrity and mitochondria morphology. Different α-Syn strains propagate within WT human iPSC-derived cortical neuronal networks α-Syn strains differentially seed endogenous WT α-Syn forming LB/LN-like structures Phospho-α-Syn endogenous aggregates resist degradation and accumulate in cytoplasm Accumulation of phospho-α-Syn induces early neuronal dysfunctions
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Affiliation(s)
- Simona Gribaudo
- INSERM U861, I-STEM, AFM, Corbeil-Essonnes 91100, France; UEVE U861, I-STEM, AFM, Corbeil-Essonnes 91100, France
| | - Philippe Tixador
- Sorbonne Universités, Faculté des Sciences et Ingénierie, CNRS/UMR 8256, B2A, Biological Adaptation and Ageing, Institut de Biologie Paris Seine, Paris 75005, France
| | - Luc Bousset
- Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disease, Institut François Jacob, MIRCen, CEA-CNRS, Fontenay aux Roses 92265, France
| | - Alexis Fenyi
- Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disease, Institut François Jacob, MIRCen, CEA-CNRS, Fontenay aux Roses 92265, France
| | - Patricia Lino
- INSERM U861, I-STEM, AFM, Corbeil-Essonnes 91100, France; UEVE U861, I-STEM, AFM, Corbeil-Essonnes 91100, France
| | - Ronald Melki
- Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disease, Institut François Jacob, MIRCen, CEA-CNRS, Fontenay aux Roses 92265, France.
| | - Jean-Michel Peyrin
- Sorbonne Universités, Faculté des Sciences et Ingénierie, CNRS/UMR 8256, B2A, Biological Adaptation and Ageing, Institut de Biologie Paris Seine, Paris 75005, France.
| | - Anselme L Perrier
- INSERM U861, I-STEM, AFM, Corbeil-Essonnes 91100, France; UEVE U861, I-STEM, AFM, Corbeil-Essonnes 91100, France.
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9
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Lassus B, Naudé J, Faure P, Guedin D, Von Boxberg Y, Mannoury la Cour C, Millan MJ, Peyrin JM. Glutamatergic and dopaminergic modulation of cortico-striatal circuits probed by dynamic calcium imaging of networks reconstructed in microfluidic chips. Sci Rep 2018; 8:17461. [PMID: 30498197 PMCID: PMC6265304 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-35802-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2018] [Accepted: 11/07/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Although the prefrontal cortex and basal ganglia are functionally interconnected by parallel loops, cellular substrates underlying their interaction remain poorly understood. One novel approach for addressing this issue is microfluidics, a methodology which recapitulates several intrinsic and synaptic properties of cortico-subcortical networks. We developed a microfluidic device where cortical neurons projected onto striatal neurons in a separate compartment. We exploited real-time (low-resolution/high-output) calcium imaging to register network dynamics and characterize the response to glutamatergic and dopaminergic agents. Reconstructed cortico-striatal networks revealed the progressive appearance of cortical VGLUT1 clusters on striatal dendrites, correlating with the emergence of spontaneous and synchronous glutamatergic responses of striatal neurons to concurrent cortical stimulation. Striatal exposure to the NMDA receptor GluN2A subunit antagonist TCN201 did not affect network rhythm, whereas the GluN2B subunit antagonist RO256981 significantly decreased striatal activity. Dopamine application or the D2/D3 receptor agonist, quinpirole, decreased cortico-striatal synchrony whereas the D1 receptor agonist, SKF38393, was ineffective. These data show that cortico-striatal networks reconstructed in a microfluidic environment are synchronized and present characteristics close to those of their in situ counterparts. They should prove instructive for deciphering the molecular substrates of CNS disorders and evaluating the actions of novel therapeutic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Lassus
- CNRS UMR 8256, Biological Adaptation and Ageing, Paris, 75005, France.,Sorbonne Universités, UPMC, Institut de Biologie Paris-Seine, 75005, Paris, France
| | - Jérémie Naudé
- CNRS UMR 8246, Neurosciences, Paris, 75005, France.,Sorbonne Universités, UPMC, Institut de Biologie Paris-Seine, 75005, Paris, France
| | - Philippe Faure
- CNRS UMR 8246, Neurosciences, Paris, 75005, France.,Sorbonne Universités, UPMC, Institut de Biologie Paris-Seine, 75005, Paris, France
| | - Denis Guedin
- Servier Biotechnology, Chemogenetic Laboratory @ ICM Brain & Spine Institue, Pitié-Salpétrière Hospital, 52 boulevard Vincent Auriol, 75013, Paris, France
| | - Ysander Von Boxberg
- CNRS UMR 8246, Neurosciences, Paris, 75005, France.,Sorbonne Universités, UPMC, Institut de Biologie Paris-Seine, 75005, Paris, France
| | - Clotilde Mannoury la Cour
- Centre for Therapeutic Innovation in Neuropsychiatry, Institut de Recherches Servier, Centre de Recherches de Croissy, 78290, Croissy-sur-Seine, France
| | - Mark J Millan
- Centre for Therapeutic Innovation in Neuropsychiatry, Institut de Recherches Servier, Centre de Recherches de Croissy, 78290, Croissy-sur-Seine, France
| | - Jean-Michel Peyrin
- CNRS UMR 8246, Neurosciences, Paris, 75005, France. .,Sorbonne Universités, UPMC, Institut de Biologie Paris-Seine, 75005, Paris, France.
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10
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Courte J, Renault R, Jan A, Viovy JL, Peyrin JM, Villard C. Reconstruction of directed neuronal networks in a microfluidic device with asymmetric microchannels. Methods Cell Biol 2018; 148:71-95. [PMID: 30473075 DOI: 10.1016/bs.mcb.2018.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Microfluidic devices for controlling neuronal connectivity in vitro are extremely useful tools for deciphering pathological and physiological processes occurring in neuronal networks. These devices allow the connection between different neuronal populations located into separate culture chambers through axon-selective microchannels. In order to implement specific features of brain connectivity such as directionality, it is necessary to control axonal growth orientation in these devices. Among the various strategies proposed to achieve this goal, one of the most promising and easily reproducible is the use of asymmetric microchannels. We present here a general protocol and several guidelines for the design, production and testing of a new paradigm of asymmetric microchannels geometries based on a "return to sender" strategy. In this method, axons are either allowed to travel between the emitting and receiving chambers within straight microchannels (forward direction), or are rerouted toward their initial location through curved microchannels (reverse direction). We introduce variations of these "arches" microchannels and evaluate their respective axonal filtering capacities. Importantly, one of these variants presents an almost complete filtration of axonal growth in the non-permissive direction while allowing robust axonal invasion in the other one, with a selectivity ratio as high as 99.7%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josquin Courte
- Physico-Chimie Curie, Université PSL, CNRS, Institut Pierre-Gilles de Gennes pour la Microfluidique, Paris, France; Sorbonne Université, Institut Biologie Paris-Seine, CNRS, Inserm, Neuroscience Paris-Seine, Paris, France.
| | - Renaud Renault
- Physico-Chimie Curie, Université PSL, CNRS, Institut Pierre-Gilles de Gennes pour la Microfluidique, Paris, France
| | - Audric Jan
- Physico-Chimie Curie, Université PSL, CNRS, Institut Pierre-Gilles de Gennes pour la Microfluidique, Paris, France; CNRS, Inserm, Institut de Biologie de l'Ecole Normale Supérieure, Paris, France
| | - Jean-Louis Viovy
- Physico-Chimie Curie, Université PSL, CNRS, Institut Pierre-Gilles de Gennes pour la Microfluidique, Paris, France
| | - Jean-Michel Peyrin
- Sorbonne Université, Institut Biologie Paris-Seine, CNRS, Inserm, Neuroscience Paris-Seine, Paris, France
| | - Catherine Villard
- Physico-Chimie Curie, Université PSL, CNRS, Institut Pierre-Gilles de Gennes pour la Microfluidique, Paris, France.
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11
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Tan VX, Lassus B, Lim CK, Tixador P, Courte J, Bessede A, Guillemin GJ, Peyrin JM. Neurotoxicity of the Cyanotoxin BMAA Through Axonal Degeneration and Intercellular Spreading. Neurotox Res 2017; 33:62-75. [PMID: 28842862 DOI: 10.1007/s12640-017-9790-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2017] [Revised: 07/20/2017] [Accepted: 07/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
β-Methylamino-L-alanine (BMAA) is implicated in neurodegeneration and neurotoxicity, particularly in ALS-Parkinson Dementia Complex. Neurotoxic properties of BMAA have been partly elucidated, while its transcellular spreading capacity has not been examined. Using reconstructed neuronal networks in microfluidic chips, separating neuronal cells into two subcompartments-(1) the proximal, containing first-order neuronal soma and dendrites, and (2) a distal compartment, containing either only axons originating from first-order neurons or second-order striatal neurons-creates a cortico-striatal network. Using this system, we investigated the toxicity and spreading of BMAA in murine primary neurons. We used a newly developed antibody to detect BMAA in cells. After treatment with 10 μM BMAA, the cyanotoxin was incorporated in first-degree neurons. We also observed a rapid trans-neuronal spread of BMAA to unexposed second-degree neurons in 48 h, followed by axonal degeneration, with limited somatic death. This in vitro study demonstrates BMAA axonal toxicity at sublethal concentrations and, for the first time, the transcellular spreading abilities of BMAA. This neuronal dying forward spread that could possibly be associated with progression of some neurodegenerative diseases especially amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa X Tan
- Macquarie University Centre for MND Research, Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, INSERM, CNRS, Neuroscience Paris Seine, Adaptation Biologique et vieillissement, F-75005, Paris, France
| | - Benjamin Lassus
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, INSERM, CNRS, Neuroscience Paris Seine, Adaptation Biologique et vieillissement, F-75005, Paris, France
| | - Chai K Lim
- Macquarie University Centre for MND Research, Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Philippe Tixador
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, INSERM, CNRS, Neuroscience Paris Seine, Adaptation Biologique et vieillissement, F-75005, Paris, France
| | - Josquin Courte
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, INSERM, CNRS, Neuroscience Paris Seine, Adaptation Biologique et vieillissement, F-75005, Paris, France
| | | | - Gilles J Guillemin
- Macquarie University Centre for MND Research, Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
| | - Jean-Michel Peyrin
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, INSERM, CNRS, Neuroscience Paris Seine, Adaptation Biologique et vieillissement, F-75005, Paris, France.
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12
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Lassus B, Magnifico S, Pignon S, Belenguer P, Miquel MC, Peyrin JM. Erratum: Corrigendum: Alterations of mitochondrial dynamics allow retrograde propagation of locally initiated axonal insults. Sci Rep 2016; 6:35328. [PMID: 27830775 PMCID: PMC5103255 DOI: 10.1038/srep35328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
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13
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Lassus B, Magnifico S, Pignon S, Belenguer P, Miquel MC, Peyrin JM. Alterations of mitochondrial dynamics allow retrograde propagation of locally initiated axonal insults. Sci Rep 2016; 6:32777. [PMID: 27604820 PMCID: PMC5015069 DOI: 10.1038/srep32777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2016] [Accepted: 08/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
In chronic neurodegenerative syndromes, neurons progressively die through a generalized retraction pattern triggering retrograde axonal degeneration toward the cell bodies, which molecular mechanisms remain elusive. Recent observations suggest that direct activation of pro-apoptotic signaling in axons triggers local degenerative events associated with early alteration of axonal mitochondrial dynamics. This raises the question of the role of mitochondrial dynamics on both axonal vulnerability stress and their implication in the spreading of damages toward unchallenged parts of the neuron. Here, using microfluidic chambers, we assessed the consequences of interfering with OPA1 and DRP1 proteins on axonal degeneration induced by local application of rotenone. We found that pharmacological inhibition of mitochondrial fission prevented axonal damage induced by rotenone, in low glucose conditions. While alteration of mitochondrial dynamics per se did not lead to spontaneous axonal degeneration, it dramatically enhanced axonal vulnerability to rotenone, which had no effect in normal glucose conditions, and promoted retrograde spreading of axonal degeneration toward the cell body. Altogether, our results suggest a mitochondrial priming effect in axons as a key process of axonal degeneration. In the context of neurodegenerative diseases, like Parkinson's and Alzheimer's, mitochondria fragmentation could hasten neuronal death and initiate spatial dispersion of locally induced degenerative events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Lassus
- CNRS UMR 8256, Biological Adaptation and Ageing, Paris, 75005, France.,Sorbonne Universités, UPMC, Institut de Biologie Paris-Seine, Paris, 75005, France
| | - Sebastien Magnifico
- CNRS UMR 8256, Biological Adaptation and Ageing, Paris, 75005, France.,Sorbonne Universités, UPMC, Institut de Biologie Paris-Seine, Paris, 75005, France
| | - Sandra Pignon
- CNRS UMR 8256, Biological Adaptation and Ageing, Paris, 75005, France.,Sorbonne Universités, UPMC, Institut de Biologie Paris-Seine, Paris, 75005, France
| | - Pascale Belenguer
- CNRS UMR 5169 Research Center on Animal Cognition, Center for Integrative Biology, Toulouse University, Université Toulouse 3 Paul Sabatier, 31400, France
| | - Marie-Christine Miquel
- CNRS UMR 5169 Research Center on Animal Cognition, Center for Integrative Biology, Toulouse University, Université Toulouse 3 Paul Sabatier, 31400, France
| | - Jean-Michel Peyrin
- CNRS UMR 8256, Biological Adaptation and Ageing, Paris, 75005, France.,Sorbonne Universités, UPMC, Institut de Biologie Paris-Seine, Paris, 75005, France
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14
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Yamada A, Vignes M, Bureau C, Mamane A, Venzac B, Descroix S, Viovy JL, Villard C, Peyrin JM, Malaquin L. In-mold patterning and actionable axo-somatic compartmentalization for on-chip neuron culture. Lab Chip 2016; 16:2059-68. [PMID: 27170212 DOI: 10.1039/c6lc00414h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Oriented neuronal networks with controlled connectivity are required for many applications ranging from studies of neurodegeneration to neuronal computation. To build such networks in vitro, an efficient, directed and long lasting guidance of axons toward their target is a pre-requisite. The best guidance achieved so far, however, relies on confining axons in enclosed microchannels, making them poorly accessible for further investigation. Here we describe a method providing accessible and highly regular arrays of axons, emanating from somas positioned in distinct compartments. This method combines the use of a novel removable partition, allowing soma positioning outside of the axon guidance patterns, and in-mold patterning (iMP), a hybrid method combining chemical and mechanical cell positioning clues applied here for the first time to neurons. The axon guidance efficiency of iMP is compared to that of conventional patterning methods, e.g. micro-contact printing (chemical constraints by a poly-l-lysine motif) and micro-grooves (physical constraints by homogeneously coated microstructures), using guiding tracks of different widths and spacing. We show that iMP provides a gain of 10 to 100 in axon confinement efficiency on the tracks, yielding mm-long, highly regular, and fully accessible on-chip axon arrays. iMP also allows well-defined axon guidance from small populations of several neurons confined at predefined positions in μm-sized wells. iMP will thus open new routes for the construction of complex and accurately controlled neuronal networks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayako Yamada
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, CNRS, UMR 168, F-75005, Paris, France. (CV) (LM) and Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, CNRS, UMR 168, F-75005, Paris, France
| | - Maéva Vignes
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, CNRS, UMR 168, F-75005, Paris, France. (CV) (LM) and Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, CNRS, UMR 168, F-75005, Paris, France and UPMC Univ Paris 06, CNRS, UMR 8256, B2A, Sorbonne Universités, Biological Adaptation and Ageing, Institut de Biologie Paris Seine, Paris, F-75005, France. (JMP)
| | - Cécile Bureau
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, CNRS, UMR 168, F-75005, Paris, France. (CV) (LM) and Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, CNRS, UMR 168, F-75005, Paris, France
| | - Alexandre Mamane
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, CNRS, UMR 168, F-75005, Paris, France. (CV) (LM) and Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, CNRS, UMR 168, F-75005, Paris, France
| | - Bastien Venzac
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, CNRS, UMR 168, F-75005, Paris, France. (CV) (LM) and Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, CNRS, UMR 168, F-75005, Paris, France
| | - Stéphanie Descroix
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, CNRS, UMR 168, F-75005, Paris, France. (CV) (LM) and Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, CNRS, UMR 168, F-75005, Paris, France
| | - Jean-Louis Viovy
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, CNRS, UMR 168, F-75005, Paris, France. (CV) (LM) and Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, CNRS, UMR 168, F-75005, Paris, France
| | - Catherine Villard
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, CNRS, UMR 168, F-75005, Paris, France. (CV) (LM) and Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, CNRS, UMR 168, F-75005, Paris, France and CNRS, Inst NEEL and CRETA, Univ. Grenoble Alpes, F-38042 Grenoble, France
| | - Jean-Michel Peyrin
- UPMC Univ Paris 06, CNRS, UMR 8256, B2A, Sorbonne Universités, Biological Adaptation and Ageing, Institut de Biologie Paris Seine, Paris, F-75005, France. (JMP)
| | - Laurent Malaquin
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, CNRS, UMR 168, F-75005, Paris, France. (CV) (LM) and Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, CNRS, UMR 168, F-75005, Paris, France and LAAS-CNRS, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, Toulouse, France.
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15
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Ferré CA, Davezac N, Thouard A, Peyrin JM, Belenguer P, Miquel MC, Gonzalez-Dunia D, Szelechowski M. Manipulation of the N-terminal sequence of the Borna disease virus X protein improves its mitochondrial targeting and neuroprotective potential. FASEB J 2015; 30:1523-33. [PMID: 26700735 DOI: 10.1096/fj.15-279620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2015] [Accepted: 12/08/2015] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
To favor their replication, viruses express proteins that target diverse mammalian cellular pathways. Due to the limited size of many viral genomes, such proteins are endowed with multiple functions, which require targeting to different subcellular compartments. One salient example is the X protein of Borna disease virus, which is expressed both at the mitochondria and in the nucleus. Moreover, we recently demonstrated that mitochondrial X protein is neuroprotective. In this study, we sought to examine the mechanisms whereby the X protein transits between subcellular compartments and to define its localization signals, to enhance its mitochondrial accumulation and thus, potentially, its neuroprotective activity. We transfected plasmids expressing fusion proteins bearing different domains of X fused to enhanced green fluorescent protein (eGFP) and compared their subcellular localization to that of eGFP. We observed that the 5-16 domain of X was responsible for both nuclear export and mitochondrial targeting and identified critical residues for mitochondrial localization. We next took advantage of these findings and constructed mutant X proteins that were targeted only to the mitochondria. Such mutants exhibited enhanced neuroprotective properties in compartmented cultures of neurons grown in microfluidic chambers, thereby confirming the parallel between mitochondrial accumulation of the X protein and its neuroprotective potential.-Ferré C. A., Davezac, N., Thouard, A., Peyrin, J. M., Belenguer, P., Miquel, M.-C., Gonzalez-Dunia, D., Szelechowski, M. Manipulation of the N-terminal sequence of the Borna disease virus X protein improves its mitochondrial targeting and neuroprotective potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cécile A Ferré
- *INSERM, Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) 1043, Centre de Physiopathologie de Toulouse Purpan (CPTP), Toulouse, France; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), UMR 5282, Toulouse, France; Université Toulouse III Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France; CNRS UMR 5547, Centre de Biologie du Développement, Toulouse, France; CNRS UMR 8256, Biological Adaptation and Aging, Institut de Biologie Paris Seine, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris, France; and Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Sorbonne Universités, Paris, France
| | - Noélie Davezac
- *INSERM, Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) 1043, Centre de Physiopathologie de Toulouse Purpan (CPTP), Toulouse, France; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), UMR 5282, Toulouse, France; Université Toulouse III Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France; CNRS UMR 5547, Centre de Biologie du Développement, Toulouse, France; CNRS UMR 8256, Biological Adaptation and Aging, Institut de Biologie Paris Seine, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris, France; and Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Sorbonne Universités, Paris, France
| | - Anne Thouard
- *INSERM, Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) 1043, Centre de Physiopathologie de Toulouse Purpan (CPTP), Toulouse, France; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), UMR 5282, Toulouse, France; Université Toulouse III Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France; CNRS UMR 5547, Centre de Biologie du Développement, Toulouse, France; CNRS UMR 8256, Biological Adaptation and Aging, Institut de Biologie Paris Seine, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris, France; and Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Sorbonne Universités, Paris, France
| | - Jean-Michel Peyrin
- *INSERM, Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) 1043, Centre de Physiopathologie de Toulouse Purpan (CPTP), Toulouse, France; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), UMR 5282, Toulouse, France; Université Toulouse III Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France; CNRS UMR 5547, Centre de Biologie du Développement, Toulouse, France; CNRS UMR 8256, Biological Adaptation and Aging, Institut de Biologie Paris Seine, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris, France; and Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Sorbonne Universités, Paris, France
| | - Pascale Belenguer
- *INSERM, Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) 1043, Centre de Physiopathologie de Toulouse Purpan (CPTP), Toulouse, France; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), UMR 5282, Toulouse, France; Université Toulouse III Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France; CNRS UMR 5547, Centre de Biologie du Développement, Toulouse, France; CNRS UMR 8256, Biological Adaptation and Aging, Institut de Biologie Paris Seine, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris, France; and Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Sorbonne Universités, Paris, France
| | - Marie-Christine Miquel
- *INSERM, Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) 1043, Centre de Physiopathologie de Toulouse Purpan (CPTP), Toulouse, France; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), UMR 5282, Toulouse, France; Université Toulouse III Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France; CNRS UMR 5547, Centre de Biologie du Développement, Toulouse, France; CNRS UMR 8256, Biological Adaptation and Aging, Institut de Biologie Paris Seine, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris, France; and Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Sorbonne Universités, Paris, France
| | - Daniel Gonzalez-Dunia
- *INSERM, Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) 1043, Centre de Physiopathologie de Toulouse Purpan (CPTP), Toulouse, France; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), UMR 5282, Toulouse, France; Université Toulouse III Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France; CNRS UMR 5547, Centre de Biologie du Développement, Toulouse, France; CNRS UMR 8256, Biological Adaptation and Aging, Institut de Biologie Paris Seine, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris, France; and Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Sorbonne Universités, Paris, France
| | - Marion Szelechowski
- *INSERM, Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) 1043, Centre de Physiopathologie de Toulouse Purpan (CPTP), Toulouse, France; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), UMR 5282, Toulouse, France; Université Toulouse III Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France; CNRS UMR 5547, Centre de Biologie du Développement, Toulouse, France; CNRS UMR 8256, Biological Adaptation and Aging, Institut de Biologie Paris Seine, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris, France; and Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Sorbonne Universités, Paris, France
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Renault R, Sukenik N, Descroix S, Malaquin L, Viovy JL, Peyrin JM, Bottani S, Monceau P, Moses E, Vignes M. Combining microfluidics, optogenetics and calcium imaging to study neuronal communication in vitro. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0120680. [PMID: 25901914 PMCID: PMC4406441 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0120680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2014] [Accepted: 02/05/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
In this paper we report the combination of microfluidics, optogenetics and calcium imaging as a cheap and convenient platform to study synaptic communication between neuronal populations in vitro. We first show that Calcium Orange indicator is compatible in vitro with a commonly used Channelrhodopsine-2 (ChR2) variant, as standard calcium imaging conditions did not alter significantly the activity of transduced cultures of rodent primary neurons. A fast, robust and scalable process for micro-chip fabrication was developed in parallel to build micro-compartmented cultures. Coupling optical fibers to each micro-compartment allowed for the independent control of ChR2 activation in the different populations without crosstalk. By analyzing the post-stimuli activity across the different populations, we finally show how this platform can be used to evaluate quantitatively the effective connectivity between connected neuronal populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renaud Renault
- MSC (Université Paris-Diderot, CNRS-UMR 7057), 5 Rue Thomas Mann, 75013 Paris, France
- Physicochimie Curie (Institut Curie, CNRS-UMR 168, UPMC), Institut Curie, Centre de Recherche, 26 rue d’Ulm, 75248 Paris Cedex 05, France
- Department of Complex Systems, Weizmann Institute, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Nirit Sukenik
- Department of Complex Systems, Weizmann Institute, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Stéphanie Descroix
- Physicochimie Curie (Institut Curie, CNRS-UMR 168, UPMC), Institut Curie, Centre de Recherche, 26 rue d’Ulm, 75248 Paris Cedex 05, France
| | - Laurent Malaquin
- Physicochimie Curie (Institut Curie, CNRS-UMR 168, UPMC), Institut Curie, Centre de Recherche, 26 rue d’Ulm, 75248 Paris Cedex 05, France
| | - Jean-Louis Viovy
- Physicochimie Curie (Institut Curie, CNRS-UMR 168, UPMC), Institut Curie, Centre de Recherche, 26 rue d’Ulm, 75248 Paris Cedex 05, France
| | - Jean-Michel Peyrin
- Biological Adaptation and Ageing (CNRS, UMR 8256), F-75005, Paris, France
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, UMR 8256, B2A, Institut de Biologie Paris Seine, F-75005, Paris, France
| | - Samuel Bottani
- MSC (Université Paris-Diderot, CNRS-UMR 7057), 5 Rue Thomas Mann, 75013 Paris, France
| | - Pascal Monceau
- MSC (Université Paris-Diderot, CNRS-UMR 7057), 5 Rue Thomas Mann, 75013 Paris, France
| | - Elisha Moses
- Department of Complex Systems, Weizmann Institute, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Maéva Vignes
- Physicochimie Curie (Institut Curie, CNRS-UMR 168, UPMC), Institut Curie, Centre de Recherche, 26 rue d’Ulm, 75248 Paris Cedex 05, France
- Biological Adaptation and Ageing (CNRS, UMR 8256), F-75005, Paris, France
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, UMR 8256, B2A, Institut de Biologie Paris Seine, F-75005, Paris, France
- * E-mail: (MV)
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17
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Deleglise B, Magnifico S, Duplus E, Vaur P, Soubeyre V, Belle M, Vignes M, Viovy JL, Jacotot E, Peyrin JM, Brugg B. β-amyloid induces a dying-back process and remote trans-synaptic alterations in a microfluidic-based reconstructed neuronal network. Acta Neuropathol Commun 2014; 2:145. [PMID: 25253021 PMCID: PMC4193981 DOI: 10.1186/s40478-014-0145-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2014] [Accepted: 09/14/2014] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Recent histopathological studies have shown that neurodegenerative processes in Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s Disease develop along neuronal networks and that hallmarks could propagate trans-synaptically through neuronal pathways. The underlying molecular mechanisms are still unknown, and investigations have been impeded by the complexity of brain connectivity and the need for experimental models allowing a fine manipulation of the local microenvironment at the subcellular level. Results In this study, we have grown primary cortical mouse neurons in microfluidic (μFD) devices to separate soma from axonal projections in fluidically isolated microenvironments, and applied β-amyloid (Aβ) peptides locally to the different cellular compartments. We observed that Aβ application to the somato-dendritic compartment triggers a “dying-back” process, involving caspase and NAD+ signalling pathways, whereas exposure of the axonal/distal compartment to Aβ deposits did not induce axonal degeneration. In contrast, co-treatment with somatic sub-toxic glutamate and axonal Aβ peptide triggered axonal degeneration. To study the consequences of such subcellular/local Aβ stress at the network level we developed new μFD multi-chamber devices containing funnel-shaped micro-channels which force unidirectional axon growth and used them to recreate in vitro an oriented cortico-hippocampal pathway. Aβ application to the cortical somato-dendritic chamber leads to a rapid cortical pre-synaptic loss. This happens concomitantly with a post-synaptic hippocampal tau-phosphorylation which could be prevented by the NMDA-receptor antagonist, MK-801, before any sign of axonal and somato-dendritic cortical alteration. Conclusion Thanks to μFD-based reconstructed neuronal networks we evaluated the distant effects of local Aβ stress on neuronal subcompartments and networks. Our data indicates that distant neurotransmission modifications actively take part in the early steps of the abnormal mechanisms leading to pathology progression independently of local Aβ production. This offers new tools to decipher mechanisms underlying Braak's staging. Our data suggests that local Aβ can play a role in remote tauopathy by distant disturbance of neurotransmission, providing a putative mechanism underlying the spatiotemporal appearance of pretangles. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s40478-014-0145-3) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Annweiler C, Brugg B, Peyrin JM, Bartha R, Beauchet O. Combination of memantine and vitamin D prevents axon degeneration induced by amyloid-beta and glutamate. Neurobiol Aging 2014; 35:331-5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2013.07.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2013] [Revised: 07/01/2013] [Accepted: 07/31/2013] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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Deleglise B, Magnifico S, Duplus E, Vaur P, Soubeyre V, Belle M, Vignes M, Viovy JL, Jacotot E, Peyrin JM, Brugg B. ß-amyloid induces a dying-back process and remote trans-synaptic alterations in a microfluidic-based reconstructed neuronal network. Acta Neuropathol Commun 2014. [DOI: 10.1186/preaccept-4848873741397798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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Magnifico S, Saias L, Deleglise B, Duplus E, Kilinc D, Miquel MC, Viovy JL, Brugg B, Peyrin JM. NAD+ acts on mitochondrial SirT3 to prevent axonal caspase activation and axonal degeneration. FASEB J 2013; 27:4712-22. [PMID: 23975935 DOI: 10.1096/fj.13-229781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
In chronic degenerative syndromes, neuronal death occurs over long periods, during which cells progressively lose their axons and, ultimately, their cell bodies. Although apoptosis is recognized as a key event in neuronal death, the molecular mechanisms involved in CNS axons degeneration are poorly understood. Due to the highly polarized phenotypes of CNS neurons, the different neuronal subcompartments are likely to be targeted by light repetitive and localized aggression. Such locally initiated deleterious signal transduction pathways could theoretically spread through the cytoplasm. However, where axon-degenerative signals initiate, what these early signals are, and how they lead to axon degeneration are unanswered questions that limit our understanding of neurodegenerative diseases and our ability to identify novel therapeutic targets. Using a microfluidic culture device adapted to CNS primary neurons, allowing specific access to the axonal and somatodendritic compartments, we analyzed the molecular pathways involved in axonal degeneration of differentiated neurons. We show here that local application of proapoptotic stimuli on the somatodentritic compartment triggers a dying-back pattern involving caspase-dependent axonal degeneration. Using complementary pharmacological and genetic approaches, we further demonstrate that NAD(+) and grape wine polyphenols prevent axonal apoptosis and act via mitochondrial SirT3 activation in axons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sébastien Magnifico
- 1Neurobiologie des Processus Adaptatifs, CNRS UMR 7102, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, 9 Quai St.-Bernard, Bât.B, 6ème étage, 75005 Paris, France.
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21
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Deleglise B, Lassus B, Soubeyre V, Alleaume-Butaux A, Hjorth JJ, Vignes M, Schneider B, Brugg B, Viovy JL, Peyrin JM. Synapto-protective drugs evaluation in reconstructed neuronal network. PLoS One 2013; 8:e71103. [PMID: 23976987 PMCID: PMC3745451 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0071103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2013] [Accepted: 06/25/2013] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic neurodegenerative syndromes such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases, or acute syndromes such as ischemic stroke or traumatic brain injuries are characterized by early synaptic collapse which precedes axonal and neuronal cell body degeneration and promotes early cognitive impairment in patients. Until now, neuroprotective strategies have failed to impede the progression of neurodegenerative syndromes. Drugs preventing the loss of cell body do not prevent the cognitive decline, probably because they lack synapto-protective effects. The absence of physiologically realistic neuronal network models which can be easily handled has hindered the development of synapto-protective drugs suitable for therapies. Here we describe a new microfluidic platform which makes it possible to study the consequences of axonal trauma of reconstructed oriented mouse neuronal networks. Each neuronal population and sub-compartment can be chemically addressed individually. The somatic, mid axon, presynaptic and postsynaptic effects of local pathological stresses or putative protective molecules can thus be evaluated with the help of this versatile "brain on chip" platform. We show that presynaptic loss is the earliest event observed following axotomy of cortical fibers, before any sign of axonal fragmentation or post-synaptic spine alteration. This platform can be used to screen and evaluate the synapto-protective potential of several drugs. For instance, NAD⁺ and the Rho-kinase inhibitor Y27632 can efficiently prevent synaptic disconnection, whereas the broad-spectrum caspase inhibitor zVAD-fmk and the stilbenoid resveratrol do not prevent presynaptic degeneration. Hence, this platform is a promising tool for fundamental research in the field of developmental and neurodegenerative neurosciences, and also offers the opportunity to set up pharmacological screening of axon-protective and synapto-protective drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bérangère Deleglise
- Neurobiologie des Processus Adaptatifs, CNRS, UMR7102, Paris, France
- Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris, France
| | - Benjamin Lassus
- Neurobiologie des Processus Adaptatifs, CNRS, UMR7102, Paris, France
- Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris, France
| | - Vaneyssa Soubeyre
- Neurobiologie des Processus Adaptatifs, CNRS, UMR7102, Paris, France
- Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris, France
| | - Aurélie Alleaume-Butaux
- Inserm UMR-S 747, Paris, France
- Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, UMR-S 747, Paris, France
| | - Johannes J. Hjorth
- Integrative Neurophysiology, Center for Neurogenomics and Cognitive Research (CNCR), VU University Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Maéva Vignes
- Neurobiologie des Processus Adaptatifs, CNRS, UMR7102, Paris, France
- Macromolécules et Microsystèmes, CNRS UMR168, Institut Curie, Paris, France
| | - Benoit Schneider
- Inserm UMR-S 747, Paris, France
- Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, UMR-S 747, Paris, France
| | - Bernard Brugg
- Neurobiologie des Processus Adaptatifs, CNRS, UMR7102, Paris, France
- Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris, France
| | - Jean-Louis Viovy
- Macromolécules et Microsystèmes, CNRS UMR168, Institut Curie, Paris, France
| | - Jean-Michel Peyrin
- Neurobiologie des Processus Adaptatifs, CNRS, UMR7102, Paris, France
- Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris, France
- * E-mail:
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Dinh ND, Chiang YY, Hardelauf H, Baumann J, Jackson E, Waide S, Sisnaiske J, Frimat JP, van Thriel C, Janasek D, Peyrin JM, West J. Microfluidic construction of minimalistic neuronal co-cultures. Lab Chip 2013; 13:1402-12. [PMID: 23403713 DOI: 10.1039/c3lc41224e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
In this paper we present compartmentalized neuron arraying (CNA) microfluidic circuits for the preparation of neuronal networks using minimal cellular inputs (10-100-fold less than existing systems). The approach combines the benefits of microfluidics for precision single cell handling with biomaterial patterning for the long term maintenance of neuronal arrangements. A differential flow principle was used for cell metering and loading along linear arrays. An innovative water masking technique was developed for the inclusion of aligned biomaterial patterns within the microfluidic environment. For patterning primary neurons the technique involved the use of meniscus-pinning micropillars to align a water mask for plasma stencilling a poly-amine coating. The approach was extended for patterning the human SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cell line using a poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) back-fill and for dopaminergic LUHMES neuronal precursors by the further addition of a fibronectin coating. The patterning efficiency Epatt was >75% during lengthy in chip culture, with ∼85% of the outgrowth channels occupied by neurites. Neurons were also cultured in next generation circuits which enable neurite guidance into all outgrowth channels for the formation of extensive inter-compartment networks. Fluidic isolation protocols were developed for the rapid and sustained treatment of the different cellular and sub-cellular compartments. In summary, this research demonstrates widely applicable microfluidic methods for the construction of compartmentalized brain models with single cell precision. These minimalistic ex vivo tissue constructs pave the way for high throughput experimentation to gain deeper insights into pathological processes such as Alzheimer and Parkinson Diseases, as well as neuronal development and function in health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ngoc-Duy Dinh
- Leibniz-Institut für Analytische Wissenschaften - ISAS - e.V., 44227 Dortmund, Germany
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Cronier S, Carimalo J, Schaeffer B, Jaumain E, Béringue V, Miquel MC, Laude H, Peyrin JM. Endogenous prion protein conversion is required for prion-induced neuritic alterations and neuronal death. FASEB J 2012; 26:3854-61. [PMID: 22661006 DOI: 10.1096/fj.11-201772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Prions cause fatal neurodegenerative conditions and result from the conversion of host-encoded cellular prion protein (PrP(C)) into abnormally folded scrapie PrP (PrP(Sc)). Prions can propagate both in neurons and astrocytes, yet neurotoxicity mechanisms remain unclear. Recently, PrP(C) was proposed to mediate neurotoxic signaling of β-sheet-rich PrP and non-PrP conformers independently of conversion. To investigate the role of astrocytes and neuronal PrP(C) in prion-induced neurodegeneration, we set up neuron and astrocyte primary cocultures derived from PrP transgenic mice. In this system, prion-infected astrocytes delivered ovine PrP(Sc) to neurons lacking PrP(C) (prion-resistant), or expressing a PrP(C) convertible (sheep) or not (mouse, human). We show that interaction between neuronal PrP(C) and exogenous PrP(Sc) was not sufficient to induce neuronal death but that efficient PrP(C) conversion was required for prion-associated neurotoxicity. Prion-infected astrocytes markedly accelerated neurodegeneration in homologous cocultures compared to infected single neuronal cultures, despite no detectable neurotoxin release. Finally, PrP(Sc) accumulation in neurons led to neuritic damages and cell death, both potentiated by glutamate and reactive oxygen species. Thus, conversion of neuronal PrP(C) rather than PrP(C)-mediated neurotoxic signaling appears as the main culprit in prion-induced neurodegeneration. We suggest that active prion replication in neurons sensitizes them to environmental stress regulated by neighboring cells, including astrocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabrina Cronier
- UR892, Virologie et Immunologie Moléculaires, Institut National de Recherche Agronomique, Jouy-en-Josas, France.
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Peyrin JM, Deleglise B, Saias L, Vignes M, Gougis P, Magnifico S, Betuing S, Pietri M, Caboche J, Vanhoutte P, Viovy JL, Brugg B. Axon diodes for the reconstruction of oriented neuronal networks in microfluidic chambers. Lab Chip 2011; 11:3663-73. [PMID: 21922081 DOI: 10.1039/c1lc20014c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 174] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Various experimental models are used to study brain development and degeneration. They range from whole animal models, which preserve anatomical structures but strongly limit investigations at the cellular level, to dissociated cell culture systems that allow detailed observation of cell phenotypes but lack the highly ordered physiological neuron connection architecture. We describe here a platform comprising independent cell culture chambers separated by an array of "axonal diodes". This array involves asymmetric micro-channels, imposing unidirectional axon connectivity with 97% selectivity. It allows the construction of complex, oriented neuronal networks not feasible with earlier platforms. Different neuronal subtypes could be co-cultivated for weeks, and sequential seeding of different cell populations reproduced physiological network development. To illustrate possible applications, we created and characterized a cortico-striatal oriented network. Functional synaptic connections were established. The activation of striatal differentiation by cortical axons, and the synchronization of neural activity were demonstrated. Each neuronal population and subcompartment could be chemically addressed individually. The directionality of neural pathways being a key feature of the nervous system organization, the axon diode concept brings in a paradigmatic change in neuronal culture platforms, with potential applications for studying neuronal development, synaptic transmission and neurodegenerative disorder such as Alzheimer and Parkinson diseases at the sub-cellular, cellular and network levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean-Michel Peyrin
- Laboratoire de Neurobiologie des Processus Adaptatifs, CNRS, UMR7102, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris, France.
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Paul D, Saias L, Pedinotti JC, Chabert M, Magnifico S, Pallandre A, De Lambert B, Houdayer C, Brugg B, Peyrin JM, Viovy JL. A "dry and wet hybrid" lithography technique for multilevel replication templates: Applications to microfluidic neuron culture and two-phase global mixing. Biomicrofluidics 2011; 5:24102. [PMID: 21559239 PMCID: PMC3089645 DOI: 10.1063/1.3569946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2010] [Accepted: 01/13/2011] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
A broad range of microfluidic applications, ranging from cell culture to protein crystallization, requires multilevel devices with different heights and feature sizes (from micrometers to millimeters). While state-of-the-art direct-writing techniques have been developed for creating complex three-dimensional shapes, replication molding from a multilevel template is still the preferred method for fast prototyping of microfluidic devices in the laboratory. Here, we report on a "dry and wet hybrid" technique to fabricate multilevel replication molds by combining SU-8 lithography with a dry film resist (Ordyl). We show that the two lithography protocols are chemically compatible with each other. Finally, we demonstrate the hybrid technique in two different microfluidic applications: (1) a neuron culture device with compartmentalization of different elements of a neuron and (2) a two-phase (gas-liquid) global micromixer for fast mixing of a small amount of a viscous liquid into a larger volume of a less viscous liquid.
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Kilinc D, Peyrin JM, Soubeyre V, Magnifico S, Saias L, Viovy JL, Brugg B. Wallerian-like degeneration of central neurons after synchronized and geometrically registered mass axotomy in a three-compartmental microfluidic chip. Neurotox Res 2010; 19:149-61. [PMID: 20162389 PMCID: PMC3006648 DOI: 10.1007/s12640-010-9152-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2009] [Revised: 10/15/2009] [Accepted: 01/12/2010] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Degeneration of central axons may occur following injury or due to various diseases and it involves complex molecular mechanisms that need to be elucidated. Existing in vitro axotomy models are difficult to perform, and they provide limited information on the localization of events along the axon. We present here a novel experimental model system, based on microfluidic isolation, which consists of three distinct compartments, interconnected by parallel microchannels allowing axon outgrowth. Neurons cultured in one compartment successfully elongated their axons to cross a short central compartment and invade the outermost compartment. This design provides an interesting model system for studying axonal degeneration and death mechanisms, with a previously impossible spatial and temporal control on specific molecular pathways. We provide a proof-of-concept of the system by reporting its application to a well-characterized experimental paradigm, axotomy-induced Wallerian degeneration in primary central neurons. Using this model, we applied localized central axotomy by a brief, isolated flux of detergent. We report that mouse embryonic cortical neurons exhibit rapid Wallerian-like distal degeneration but no somatic death following central axotomy. Distal axons show progressive degeneration leading to axonal beading and cytoskeletal fragmentation within a few hours after axotomy. Degeneration is asynchronous, reminiscent of in vivo Wallerian degeneration. Axonal cytoskeletal fragmentation is significantly delayed with nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide pretreatment, but it does not change when distal calpain or caspase activity is inhibited. These findings, consistent with previous experiments in vivo, confirm the power and biological relevance of this microfluidic architecture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Devrim Kilinc
- Laboratoire de Neurobiologie des Processus Adaptatifs, UMR 7102 CNRS/UPMC, Univ. P. et M. Curie, Bat B, 6eme Etage, Case courrier 12, 9 Quai St. Bernard, 75252 Paris, France
| | - Jean-Michel Peyrin
- Laboratoire de Neurobiologie des Processus Adaptatifs, UMR 7102 CNRS/UPMC, Univ. P. et M. Curie, Bat B, 6eme Etage, Case courrier 12, 9 Quai St. Bernard, 75252 Paris, France
| | - Vanessa Soubeyre
- Laboratoire de Neurobiologie des Processus Adaptatifs, UMR 7102 CNRS/UPMC, Univ. P. et M. Curie, Bat B, 6eme Etage, Case courrier 12, 9 Quai St. Bernard, 75252 Paris, France
| | - Sébastien Magnifico
- Laboratoire de Neurobiologie des Processus Adaptatifs, UMR 7102 CNRS/UPMC, Univ. P. et M. Curie, Bat B, 6eme Etage, Case courrier 12, 9 Quai St. Bernard, 75252 Paris, France
| | - Laure Saias
- Laboratoire Physicochimie-Curie, UMR 168 Institut Curie/CNRS/UPMC, Paris, France
| | - Jean-Louis Viovy
- Laboratoire Physicochimie-Curie, UMR 168 Institut Curie/CNRS/UPMC, Paris, France
| | - Bernard Brugg
- Laboratoire de Neurobiologie des Processus Adaptatifs, UMR 7102 CNRS/UPMC, Univ. P. et M. Curie, Bat B, 6eme Etage, Case courrier 12, 9 Quai St. Bernard, 75252 Paris, France
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Slováková M, Peyrin JM, Bílková Z, Juklíčková M, Hernychová L, Viovy JL. Magnetic Proteinase K Reactor as a New Tool for Reproducible Limited Protein Digestion. Bioconjug Chem 2008; 19:966-72. [DOI: 10.1021/bc7004413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Marcela Slováková
- Laboratoire Physicochimie-Curie, Institut Curie, Paris Cedex 5, France, Unité de Virologie Immunologie Moléculaires, INRA, 78350 Jouy-en-Josas, France, Department of Biological and Biochemical Sciences, University of Pardubice, 53210 Pardubice, Czech Republic, and Institute of Molecular Pathology, University of Defence, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic
| | - Jean-Michel Peyrin
- Laboratoire Physicochimie-Curie, Institut Curie, Paris Cedex 5, France, Unité de Virologie Immunologie Moléculaires, INRA, 78350 Jouy-en-Josas, France, Department of Biological and Biochemical Sciences, University of Pardubice, 53210 Pardubice, Czech Republic, and Institute of Molecular Pathology, University of Defence, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic
| | - Zuzana Bílková
- Laboratoire Physicochimie-Curie, Institut Curie, Paris Cedex 5, France, Unité de Virologie Immunologie Moléculaires, INRA, 78350 Jouy-en-Josas, France, Department of Biological and Biochemical Sciences, University of Pardubice, 53210 Pardubice, Czech Republic, and Institute of Molecular Pathology, University of Defence, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic
| | - Martina Juklíčková
- Laboratoire Physicochimie-Curie, Institut Curie, Paris Cedex 5, France, Unité de Virologie Immunologie Moléculaires, INRA, 78350 Jouy-en-Josas, France, Department of Biological and Biochemical Sciences, University of Pardubice, 53210 Pardubice, Czech Republic, and Institute of Molecular Pathology, University of Defence, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic
| | - Lenka Hernychová
- Laboratoire Physicochimie-Curie, Institut Curie, Paris Cedex 5, France, Unité de Virologie Immunologie Moléculaires, INRA, 78350 Jouy-en-Josas, France, Department of Biological and Biochemical Sciences, University of Pardubice, 53210 Pardubice, Czech Republic, and Institute of Molecular Pathology, University of Defence, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic
| | - Jean-Louis Viovy
- Laboratoire Physicochimie-Curie, Institut Curie, Paris Cedex 5, France, Unité de Virologie Immunologie Moléculaires, INRA, 78350 Jouy-en-Josas, France, Department of Biological and Biochemical Sciences, University of Pardubice, 53210 Pardubice, Czech Republic, and Institute of Molecular Pathology, University of Defence, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic
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Le Nel A, Minc N, Smadja C, Slovakova M, Bilkova Z, Peyrin JM, Viovy JL, Taverna M. Controlled proteolysis of normal and pathological prion protein in a microfluidic chip. Lab Chip 2008; 8:294-301. [PMID: 18231669 DOI: 10.1039/b715238h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
A microreactor for proteinase K (PK)-mediated protein digestion was developed as a step towards the elaboration of a fully integrated microdevice for the detection of pathological prion protein (PrP). PK-grafted magnetic beads were immobilized inside a polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) microchannel using a longitudinal magnetic field parallel to the flow direction and a magnetic field gradient, thereby forming a matrix for enzymatic digestion. This self-organization provided uniform pore sizes, a low flow resistance and a strong reaction efficiency due to a very thin diffusion layer. The microreactor's performance was first evaluated using a model substrate, succinyl-ala-ala-ala-paranitroanilide (SAAAP). Reaction kinetics were typically accelerated a hundred-fold as compared to conventional batch reactions. Reproducibility was around 98% for on-chip experiments. This microsystem was then applied to the digestion of prion protein from brain tissues. Controlled proteolysis could be obtained by varying the on-chip flow rate, while a complete proteolysis of normal protein was achieved in only three minutes. Extracts from normal and pathological brain homogenates were finally compared and strong discrimination between normal and pathological samples was demonstrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne Le Nel
- Université Paris-Sud, JE2495, Protéines et Nanotechnologies en Sciences Séparatives, F-92296 Châtenay-Malabry Cedex, France
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Cronier S, Beringue V, Bellon A, Peyrin JM, Laude H. Prion strain- and species-dependent effects of antiprion molecules in primary neuronal cultures. J Virol 2007; 81:13794-800. [PMID: 17913812 PMCID: PMC2168876 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.01502-07] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Transmissible spongiform encephalopathies (TSE) arise as a consequence of infection of the central nervous system by prions and are incurable. To date, most antiprion compounds identified by in vitro screening failed to exhibit therapeutic activity in animals, thus calling for new assays that could more accurately predict their in vivo potency. Primary nerve cell cultures are routinely used to assess neurotoxicity of chemical compounds. Here, we report that prion strains from different species can propagate in primary neuronal cultures derived from transgenic mouse lines overexpressing ovine, murine, hamster, or human prion protein. Using this newly developed cell system, the activity of three generic compounds known to cure prion-infected cell lines was evaluated. We show that the antiprion activity observed in neuronal cultures is species or strain dependent and recapitulates to some extent the activity reported in vivo in rodent models. Therefore, infected primary neuronal cultures may be a relevant system in which to investigate the efficacy and mode of action of antiprion drugs, including toward human transmissible spongiform encephalopathy agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabrina Cronier
- Unité de Virologie Immunologie Moléculaires, INRA, 78350 Jouy-en-Josas, France
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30
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Abstract
Transmissible spongiform encephalopathies arise as a consequence of infection of the central nervous system by prions, where neurons and glial cells are regarded as primary targets. Neuronal loss and gliosis, associated with the accumulation of misfolded prion protein (PrP), are hallmarks of prion diseases; yet the mechanisms underlying such disorders remain unclear. Here we introduced a cell system based on primary cerebellar cultures established from transgenic mice expressing ovine PrP and then exposed to sheep scrapie agent. Upon exposure to low doses of infectious agent, such cultures, unlike cultures originating from PrP null mice, were found to accumulate de novo abnormal PrP and infectivity, as assessed by mouse bioassay. Importantly, using astrocyte and neuron/astrocyte cocultures, both cell types were found capable of sustaining efficient prion propagation independently, leading to the production of proteinase K-resistant PrP of the same electrophoretic profile as in diseased brain. Moreover, contrasting with data obtained in chronically infected cell lines, late-occurring apoptosis was consistently demonstrated in the infected neuronal cultures. Our results provide evidence that primary cultured neural cells, including postmitotic neurons, are permissive to prion replication, thus establishing an approach to study the mechanisms involved in prion-triggered neurodegeneration at a cellular level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabrina Cronier
- Unité de Virologie Immunologie Moléculaires, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, 78350 Jouy-en-Josas, France
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31
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Gauczynski S, Peyrin JM, Haïk S, Leucht C, Hundt C, Rieger R, Krasemann S, Deslys JP, Dormont D, Lasmézas CI, Weiss S. The 37-kDa/67-kDa laminin receptor acts as the cell-surface receptor for the cellular prion protein. EMBO J 2001; 20:5863-75. [PMID: 11689427 PMCID: PMC125290 DOI: 10.1093/emboj/20.21.5863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 308] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2000] [Revised: 08/09/2001] [Accepted: 09/05/2001] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Recently, we identified the 37-kDa laminin receptor precursor (LRP) as an interactor for the prion protein (PrP). Here, we show the presence of the 37-kDa LRP and its mature 67-kDa form termed high-affinity laminin receptor (LR) in plasma membrane fractions of N2a cells, whereas only the 37-kDa LRP was detected in baby hamster kidney (BHK) cells. PrP co-localizes with LRP/LR on the surface of N2a cells and Semliki Forest virus (SFV) RNA transfected BHK cells. Cell-binding assays reveal the LRP/LR-dependent binding of cellular PrP by neuronal and non-neuronal cells. Hyperexpression of LRP on the surface of BHK cells results in the binding of exogenous PrP. Cell binding is similar in PrP(+/+) and PrP(0/0) primary neurons, demonstrating that PrP does not act as a co-receptor of LRP/LR. LRP/LR-dependent internalization of PrP is blocked at 4 degrees C. Secretion of an LRP mutant lacking the transmembrane domain (aa 86-101) from BHK cells abolishes PrP binding and internalization. Our results show that LRP/LR acts as the receptor for cellular PrP on the surface of mammalian cells.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jean-Michel Peyrin
- Laboratorium für Molekulare Biologie-Genzentrum-Institut für Biochemie der LMU München, Feodor-Lynen Str. 25, D-81377 Munich, Germany and
CEA, Service de Neurovirologie, DRM/DSV, CRSSA, 18, Route du Panorama, BP.6, F-92265, Fontenay-aux-Roses Cedex, France Corresponding authors e-mail: or
S.Gauczynski, J.-M.Peyrin and S.Haïk contributed equally to this work
C.I.Lasmézas and S.Weiss should be considered as the senior authors of this work
| | - Stéphane Haïk
- Laboratorium für Molekulare Biologie-Genzentrum-Institut für Biochemie der LMU München, Feodor-Lynen Str. 25, D-81377 Munich, Germany and
CEA, Service de Neurovirologie, DRM/DSV, CRSSA, 18, Route du Panorama, BP.6, F-92265, Fontenay-aux-Roses Cedex, France Corresponding authors e-mail: or
S.Gauczynski, J.-M.Peyrin and S.Haïk contributed equally to this work
C.I.Lasmézas and S.Weiss should be considered as the senior authors of this work
| | | | | | | | | | - Jean-Philippe Deslys
- Laboratorium für Molekulare Biologie-Genzentrum-Institut für Biochemie der LMU München, Feodor-Lynen Str. 25, D-81377 Munich, Germany and
CEA, Service de Neurovirologie, DRM/DSV, CRSSA, 18, Route du Panorama, BP.6, F-92265, Fontenay-aux-Roses Cedex, France Corresponding authors e-mail: or
S.Gauczynski, J.-M.Peyrin and S.Haïk contributed equally to this work
C.I.Lasmézas and S.Weiss should be considered as the senior authors of this work
| | - Dominique Dormont
- Laboratorium für Molekulare Biologie-Genzentrum-Institut für Biochemie der LMU München, Feodor-Lynen Str. 25, D-81377 Munich, Germany and
CEA, Service de Neurovirologie, DRM/DSV, CRSSA, 18, Route du Panorama, BP.6, F-92265, Fontenay-aux-Roses Cedex, France Corresponding authors e-mail: or
S.Gauczynski, J.-M.Peyrin and S.Haïk contributed equally to this work
C.I.Lasmézas and S.Weiss should be considered as the senior authors of this work
| | - Corinne Ida Lasmézas
- Laboratorium für Molekulare Biologie-Genzentrum-Institut für Biochemie der LMU München, Feodor-Lynen Str. 25, D-81377 Munich, Germany and
CEA, Service de Neurovirologie, DRM/DSV, CRSSA, 18, Route du Panorama, BP.6, F-92265, Fontenay-aux-Roses Cedex, France Corresponding authors e-mail: or
S.Gauczynski, J.-M.Peyrin and S.Haïk contributed equally to this work
C.I.Lasmézas and S.Weiss should be considered as the senior authors of this work
| | - Stefan Weiss
- Laboratorium für Molekulare Biologie-Genzentrum-Institut für Biochemie der LMU München, Feodor-Lynen Str. 25, D-81377 Munich, Germany and
CEA, Service de Neurovirologie, DRM/DSV, CRSSA, 18, Route du Panorama, BP.6, F-92265, Fontenay-aux-Roses Cedex, France Corresponding authors e-mail: or
S.Gauczynski, J.-M.Peyrin and S.Haïk contributed equally to this work
C.I.Lasmézas and S.Weiss should be considered as the senior authors of this work
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Hundt C, Peyrin JM, Haïk S, Gauczynski S, Leucht C, Rieger R, Riley ML, Deslys JP, Dormont D, Lasmézas CI, Weiss S. Identification of interaction domains of the prion protein with its 37-kDa/67-kDa laminin receptor. EMBO J 2001; 20:5876-86. [PMID: 11689428 PMCID: PMC125289 DOI: 10.1093/emboj/20.21.5876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 223] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Cell-binding and internalization studies on neuronal and non-neuronal cells have demonstrated that the 37-kDa/67-kDa laminin receptor (LRP/LR) acts as the receptor for the cellular prion protein (PrP). Here we identify direct and heparan sulfate proteoglycan (HSPG)-dependent interaction sites mediating the binding of the cellular PrP to its receptor, which we demonstrated in vitro on recombinant proteins. Mapping analyses in the yeast two-hybrid system and cell-binding assays identified PrPLRPbd1 [amino acids (aa) 144-179] as a direct and PrPLRPbd2 (aa 53-93) as an indirect HSPG-dependent laminin receptor precursor (LRP)-binding site on PrP. The yeast two-hybrid system localized the direct PrP-binding domain on LRP between aa 161 and 179. Expression of an LRP mutant lacking the direct PrP-binding domain in wild-type and mutant HSPG-deficient Chinese hamster ovary cells by the Semliki Forest virus system demonstrates a second HSPG-dependent PrP-binding site on LRP. Considering the absence of LRP homodimerization and the direct and indirect LRP-PrP interaction sites, we propose a comprehensive model for the LRP-PrP-HSPG complex.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jean-Michel Peyrin
- Laboratorium für Molekulare Biologie-Genzentrum-Institut für Biochemie der LMU München, Feodor-Lynen Strasse 25, D-81377 Munich, Germany and
CEA, Service de Neurovirologie, DRM/DSV, CRSSA, 18, Route du Panorama, BP.6, F-92265 Fontenay-aux-Roses Cedex, France Corresponding authors e-mail: or
C.Hundt, J.-M.Peyrin and S.Haïk contributed equally to this workC.I.Lasmézas and S.Weiss should be considered as the senior authors of this work
| | - Stéphane Haïk
- Laboratorium für Molekulare Biologie-Genzentrum-Institut für Biochemie der LMU München, Feodor-Lynen Strasse 25, D-81377 Munich, Germany and
CEA, Service de Neurovirologie, DRM/DSV, CRSSA, 18, Route du Panorama, BP.6, F-92265 Fontenay-aux-Roses Cedex, France Corresponding authors e-mail: or
C.Hundt, J.-M.Peyrin and S.Haïk contributed equally to this workC.I.Lasmézas and S.Weiss should be considered as the senior authors of this work
| | | | | | | | | | - Jean-Philippe Deslys
- Laboratorium für Molekulare Biologie-Genzentrum-Institut für Biochemie der LMU München, Feodor-Lynen Strasse 25, D-81377 Munich, Germany and
CEA, Service de Neurovirologie, DRM/DSV, CRSSA, 18, Route du Panorama, BP.6, F-92265 Fontenay-aux-Roses Cedex, France Corresponding authors e-mail: or
C.Hundt, J.-M.Peyrin and S.Haïk contributed equally to this workC.I.Lasmézas and S.Weiss should be considered as the senior authors of this work
| | - Dominique Dormont
- Laboratorium für Molekulare Biologie-Genzentrum-Institut für Biochemie der LMU München, Feodor-Lynen Strasse 25, D-81377 Munich, Germany and
CEA, Service de Neurovirologie, DRM/DSV, CRSSA, 18, Route du Panorama, BP.6, F-92265 Fontenay-aux-Roses Cedex, France Corresponding authors e-mail: or
C.Hundt, J.-M.Peyrin and S.Haïk contributed equally to this workC.I.Lasmézas and S.Weiss should be considered as the senior authors of this work
| | - Corinne Ida Lasmézas
- Laboratorium für Molekulare Biologie-Genzentrum-Institut für Biochemie der LMU München, Feodor-Lynen Strasse 25, D-81377 Munich, Germany and
CEA, Service de Neurovirologie, DRM/DSV, CRSSA, 18, Route du Panorama, BP.6, F-92265 Fontenay-aux-Roses Cedex, France Corresponding authors e-mail: or
C.Hundt, J.-M.Peyrin and S.Haïk contributed equally to this workC.I.Lasmézas and S.Weiss should be considered as the senior authors of this work
| | - Stefan Weiss
- Laboratorium für Molekulare Biologie-Genzentrum-Institut für Biochemie der LMU München, Feodor-Lynen Strasse 25, D-81377 Munich, Germany and
CEA, Service de Neurovirologie, DRM/DSV, CRSSA, 18, Route du Panorama, BP.6, F-92265 Fontenay-aux-Roses Cedex, France Corresponding authors e-mail: or
C.Hundt, J.-M.Peyrin and S.Haïk contributed equally to this workC.I.Lasmézas and S.Weiss should be considered as the senior authors of this work
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Haïk S, Peyrin JM, Lins L, Rosseneu MY, Brasseur R, Langeveld JP, Tagliavini F, Deslys JP, Lasmézas C, Dormont D. Neurotoxicity of the putative transmembrane domain of the prion protein. Neurobiol Dis 2000; 7:644-56. [PMID: 11114262 DOI: 10.1006/nbdi.2000.0316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
It has been shown recently that the generation of an abnormal transmembrane form of the prion protein ((Ctm)PrP) is involved in the neurodegeneration process during inherited and infectious prion diseases but a causative relationship has never been established. We wanted to know if and how the proposed transmembrane domain of PrP could induce neuronal dysfunction. Thus, we investigated the neurotoxic properties of two peptides whose sequences are encompassed within this domain. We show that PrP peptides 118-135 and 105-132 as well as an amidated more soluble peptide 105-132 induce the death of pure cortical neurons originating from normal and PrP knockout mice. This can be correlated with the high propensity of these peptides to insert stably into and to destabilize cell membranes. Through this study, we have identified a novel mechanism of neurotoxicity for PrP, which directly involves membrane perturbation; this mechanism is independent of fibril formation and probably corresponds to the effect of the transmembrane insertion of (Ctm)PrP.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Haïk
- CEA, Fontenay aux Roses Cedex, 92 265, France
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Haïk S, Gauthier LR, Granotier C, Peyrin JM, Lages CS, Dormont D, Boussin FD. Fibroblast growth factor 2 up regulates telomerase activity in neural precursor cells. Oncogene 2000; 19:2957-66. [PMID: 10871847 DOI: 10.1038/sj.onc.1203596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
During brain development, neuronal and glial cells are generated from neural precursors on a precise schedule involving steps of proliferation, fate commitment and differentiation. We report that telomerase activity is highly expressed during embryonic murine cortical neurogenesis and early steps of gliogenesis and progressively decreases thereafter during cortex maturation to be undetectable in the normal adult brain. We evidenced neural precursor cells (NPC) as the principal telomerase-expressing cells in primary cultures from E15 mouse embryo cortices. Their differentiation either in neurons or in glial cells lead to a down regulation of telomerase activity that was directly correlated to the decrease of telomerase core protein (mTERT) mRNA synthesis. Furthermore, we show that FGF2 (fibroblast growth factor 2), one of the main regulators of CNS development, induces a dose-dependant increase of both the proliferation of NPC and telomerase activity in primary cortical cultures without affecting the mTERT mRNA synthesis compared to that of glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (mGAPDH). Finally, we evidenced that AZT (3'-azido-2', 3'-dideoxythymidine), known to inhibit telomerase activity, blocks in a dose dependant manner the FGF2-induced proliferation of NPC. Altogether, our results are in favor of an important role of telomerase activity during brain organogenesis. Oncogene (2000).
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Affiliation(s)
- S Haïk
- CEA, Service de Neurovirologie DSV/DRM, CRSSA, IPSC, BP 6, 92 265 Fontenay-aux-Roses cedex, France
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Chapron Y, Peyrin JM, Crouzy S, Jaegly A, Dormont D. Theoretical analysis of the implication of PrP in neuronal death during transmissible subacute spongiform encephalopathies: hypothesis of a PrP oligomeric channel. J Theor Biol 2000; 204:103-11. [PMID: 10772851 DOI: 10.1006/jtbi.2000.1091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Transmissible subacute spongiform encephalopathies (TSE) are animal and human neurodegenerative diseases. The nature of the transmissible agent remains unknown. The specific molecular marker of these diseases is the abnormal isoform of the prion protein (PrP). This protein is encoded by a cellular gene and accumulates in a pathological isoform (PrPres) which is partially resistant to proteolysis. The tridimensional structure of this protein remains theoretical. F. Cohen proposed one of the most realistic models. According to this model and from molecular mechanics calculation, we suggest a PrP oligomeric ionic channel model that may be involved in TSE-induced neuronal apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Chapron
- CEA/DBMS/Biophysique Moléculaire et Cellulaire, URA/CNRS520, CEA/Grenoble, 17 Rue des Martyrs, Grenoble, 38054, France.
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Peyrin JM, Lasmézas CI, Haïk S, Tagliavini F, Salmona M, Williams A, Richie D, Deslys JP, Dormont D. Microglial cells respond to amyloidogenic PrP peptide by the production of inflammatory cytokines. Neuroreport 1999; 10:723-9. [PMID: 10208538 DOI: 10.1097/00001756-199903170-00012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The scrapie isoform of the prion protein (PrPres) induces neurodegeneration and gliosis in the central nervous system. These features may be reproduced in vitro on exposure of neuronal and glial cultures to PrPres and the peptide HuPr P106-126. In the present study, we investigated the role of microglial cells and astrocytes in the pathological process by studying their molecular response to PrP 106-126 exposure. PrP 106-126 elicited a specific overproduction of pro-inflammatory cytokines IL1beta and IL6 in microglial cells (but not increased expression of TNFalpha, IL10, and TGFbeta1) and over-expression of GFAP in astrocytes. These effects were strictly dependent on the ability of the peptide to form amyloid fibrils. These data strongly suggest that microglial cells contribute to prion-related neurodegenerative processes by producing proinflammatory cytokines in the brain areas of amyloid PrP deposition.
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Affiliation(s)
- J M Peyrin
- CEA, Service de Neurovirologie (DSV/DRM), CRSSA, Institut Paris Sud sur les Cytokines, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
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Abstract
Spongiform transmissible encephalopathies are neurodegenerative diseases characterized by the accumulation, in infected brains, of a pathological form of a normal host-encoded protein called PrP. Previous data have shown that PrP could interact with cytosolic factors, including nuclear molecules, emphasizing the possible function of such interactions. Moreover, in infected cells, PrP is observed not only at the plasma membrane but also in the nuclear compartment. The N-terminal extremity of the mature PrP has been thought to harbor a nuclear localization signal reminiscent of the nuclear localization signal of the simian virus 40 large T antigen. By designing a fusion protein between the putative nuclear localization signal of PrP and the green fluorescent protein, we have shown that the N-terminal sequence of PrP is not efficient in targeting the protein in the nuclear compartment. This implies new insights regarding the way by which PrP could, however, reach the nuclear compartment.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Jaegly
- Service de Neurovirologie, CEA, DSV/DRM/SSA, 60-68 avenue de la Division Leclerc, Fontenay-aux-Roses, 92265, France
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38
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Lasmézas CI, Deslys JP, Robain O, Jaegly A, Beringue V, Peyrin JM, Fournier JG, Hauw JJ, Rossier J, Dormont D. Transmission of the BSE agent to mice in the absence of detectable abnormal prion protein. Science 1997; 275:402-5. [PMID: 8994041 DOI: 10.1126/science.275.5298.402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 439] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
The agent responsible for transmissible spongiform encephalopathies (TSEs) is thought to be a malfolded, protease-resistant version (PrPres) of the normal cellular prion protein (PrP). The interspecies transmission of bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE) to mice was studied. Although all of the mice injected with homogenate from BSE-infected cattle brain exhibited neurological symptoms and neuronal death, more than 55 percent had no detectable PrPres. During serial passage, PrPres appeared after the agent became adapted to the new host. Thus, PrPres may be involved in species adaptation, but a further unidentified agent may actually transmit BSE.
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Affiliation(s)
- C I Lasmézas
- Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique, Service de Neurovirologie, DSV/DRM/SSA, B.P. 6, 60-68 avenue du General Leclerc, 92265 Fontenay-aux-Roses Cedex, France.
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