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Campbell BCV, Mitchell PJ, Churilov L, Yassi N, Kleinig TJ, Dowling RJ, Yan B, Bush SJ, Dewey HM, Thijs V, Scroop R, Simpson M, Brooks M, Asadi H, Wu TY, Shah DG, Wijeratne T, Ang T, Miteff F, Levi CR, Rodrigues E, Zhao H, Salvaris P, Garcia-Esperon C, Bailey P, Rice H, de Villiers L, Brown H, Redmond K, Leggett D, Fink JN, Collecutt W, Wong AA, Muller C, Coulthard A, Mitchell K, Clouston J, Mahady K, Field D, Ma H, Phan TG, Chong W, Chandra RV, Slater LA, Krause M, Harrington TJ, Faulder KC, Steinfort BS, Bladin CF, Sharma G, Desmond PM, Parsons MW, Donnan GA, Davis SM. Tenecteplase versus Alteplase before Thrombectomy for Ischemic Stroke. N Engl J Med 2018; 378:1573-1582. [PMID: 29694815 DOI: 10.1056/nejmoa1716405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 446] [Impact Index Per Article: 74.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Intravenous infusion of alteplase is used for thrombolysis before endovascular thrombectomy for ischemic stroke. Tenecteplase, which is more fibrin-specific and has longer activity than alteplase, is given as a bolus and may increase the incidence of vascular reperfusion. METHODS We randomly assigned patients with ischemic stroke who had occlusion of the internal carotid, basilar, or middle cerebral artery and who were eligible to undergo thrombectomy to receive tenecteplase (at a dose of 0.25 mg per kilogram of body weight; maximum dose, 25 mg) or alteplase (at a dose of 0.9 mg per kilogram; maximum dose, 90 mg) within 4.5 hours after symptom onset. The primary outcome was reperfusion of greater than 50% of the involved ischemic territory or an absence of retrievable thrombus at the time of the initial angiographic assessment. Noninferiority of tenecteplase was tested, followed by superiority. Secondary outcomes included the modified Rankin scale score (on a scale from 0 [no neurologic deficit] to 6 [death]) at 90 days. Safety outcomes were death and symptomatic intracerebral hemorrhage. RESULTS Of 202 patients enrolled, 101 were assigned to receive tenecteplase and 101 to receive alteplase. The primary outcome occurred in 22% of the patients treated with tenecteplase versus 10% of those treated with alteplase (incidence difference, 12 percentage points; 95% confidence interval [CI], 2 to 21; incidence ratio, 2.2; 95% CI, 1.1 to 4.4; P=0.002 for noninferiority; P=0.03 for superiority). Tenecteplase resulted in a better 90-day functional outcome than alteplase (median modified Rankin scale score, 2 vs. 3; common odds ratio, 1.7; 95% CI, 1.0 to 2.8; P=0.04). Symptomatic intracerebral hemorrhage occurred in 1% of the patients in each group. CONCLUSIONS Tenecteplase before thrombectomy was associated with a higher incidence of reperfusion and better functional outcome than alteplase among patients with ischemic stroke treated within 4.5 hours after symptom onset. (Funded by the National Health and Medical Research Council of Australia and others; EXTEND-IA TNK ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT02388061 .).
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruce C V Campbell
- From the Departments of Medicine and Neurology, Melbourne Brain Centre (B.C.V.C., N.Y., B.Y., T.Y.W., D.G.S., E.R., H.Z., P.S., G.S., M.W.P., S.M.D.), and the Department of Radiology (P.J.M., R.J.D., S.J.B., P.M.D.), Royal Melbourne Hospital, and the Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health (L.C., N.Y., V.T., H.A., H.M., C.F.B., G.A.D.), University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, the Departments of Neurology (T.J.K.) and Radiology (R.S.), Royal Adelaide Hospital, and the Department of Neurology, Lyell McEwin Hospital (D.F.), Adelaide, SA, the Department of Neurosciences, Eastern Health and Eastern Health Clinical School (H.M.D., C.F.B.), and the Departments of Neurology (H.M., T.G.P.) and Radiology (W. Chong, R.V.C., L.-A.S.), Monash Medical Centre, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, the Departments of Neurology (V.T., M.S.) and Radiology (M.B., H.A.), Austin Hospital, Austin Health, Heidelberg, VIC, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Melbourne, VIC (H.A.), and the Departments of Medicine and Neurology, Melbourne Medical School, University of Melbourne and Western Health, Sunshine Hospital, St. Albans, VIC (T.W.), the Departments of Neurology (D.G.S., H.B.) and Radiology (K.R., D.L.), Princess Alexandra Hospital, and the Departments of Neurology (A.A.W., C.M.) and Radiology (A.C., K. Mitchell, J.C., K. Mahady), Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital and the University of Queensland, Brisbane, the Departments of Neurology (P.B.) and Radiology (H.R., L.V.), Gold Coast University Hospital, Southport, QLD, and the Department of Neurology, Priority Research Centre for Brain and Mental Health Research, John Hunter Hospital, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW (T.A., F.M., C.R.L., C.G.-E., M.W.P.), the Department of Neurology, Royal North Shore Hospital and Kolling Institute, University of Sydney (M.K.), and the Department of Radiology, Royal North Shore Hospital (T.J.H., K.C.F., B.S.S.), St. Leonards, and the Department of Radiology, Westmead Hospital, Sydney (T.J.H., K.C.F., B.S.S.) - all in Australia; and the Departments of Neurology (T.Y.W., J.N.F.) and Radiology (W. Collecutt), Christchurch Hospital, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Peter J Mitchell
- From the Departments of Medicine and Neurology, Melbourne Brain Centre (B.C.V.C., N.Y., B.Y., T.Y.W., D.G.S., E.R., H.Z., P.S., G.S., M.W.P., S.M.D.), and the Department of Radiology (P.J.M., R.J.D., S.J.B., P.M.D.), Royal Melbourne Hospital, and the Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health (L.C., N.Y., V.T., H.A., H.M., C.F.B., G.A.D.), University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, the Departments of Neurology (T.J.K.) and Radiology (R.S.), Royal Adelaide Hospital, and the Department of Neurology, Lyell McEwin Hospital (D.F.), Adelaide, SA, the Department of Neurosciences, Eastern Health and Eastern Health Clinical School (H.M.D., C.F.B.), and the Departments of Neurology (H.M., T.G.P.) and Radiology (W. Chong, R.V.C., L.-A.S.), Monash Medical Centre, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, the Departments of Neurology (V.T., M.S.) and Radiology (M.B., H.A.), Austin Hospital, Austin Health, Heidelberg, VIC, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Melbourne, VIC (H.A.), and the Departments of Medicine and Neurology, Melbourne Medical School, University of Melbourne and Western Health, Sunshine Hospital, St. Albans, VIC (T.W.), the Departments of Neurology (D.G.S., H.B.) and Radiology (K.R., D.L.), Princess Alexandra Hospital, and the Departments of Neurology (A.A.W., C.M.) and Radiology (A.C., K. Mitchell, J.C., K. Mahady), Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital and the University of Queensland, Brisbane, the Departments of Neurology (P.B.) and Radiology (H.R., L.V.), Gold Coast University Hospital, Southport, QLD, and the Department of Neurology, Priority Research Centre for Brain and Mental Health Research, John Hunter Hospital, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW (T.A., F.M., C.R.L., C.G.-E., M.W.P.), the Department of Neurology, Royal North Shore Hospital and Kolling Institute, University of Sydney (M.K.), and the Department of Radiology, Royal North Shore Hospital (T.J.H., K.C.F., B.S.S.), St. Leonards, and the Department of Radiology, Westmead Hospital, Sydney (T.J.H., K.C.F., B.S.S.) - all in Australia; and the Departments of Neurology (T.Y.W., J.N.F.) and Radiology (W. Collecutt), Christchurch Hospital, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Leonid Churilov
- From the Departments of Medicine and Neurology, Melbourne Brain Centre (B.C.V.C., N.Y., B.Y., T.Y.W., D.G.S., E.R., H.Z., P.S., G.S., M.W.P., S.M.D.), and the Department of Radiology (P.J.M., R.J.D., S.J.B., P.M.D.), Royal Melbourne Hospital, and the Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health (L.C., N.Y., V.T., H.A., H.M., C.F.B., G.A.D.), University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, the Departments of Neurology (T.J.K.) and Radiology (R.S.), Royal Adelaide Hospital, and the Department of Neurology, Lyell McEwin Hospital (D.F.), Adelaide, SA, the Department of Neurosciences, Eastern Health and Eastern Health Clinical School (H.M.D., C.F.B.), and the Departments of Neurology (H.M., T.G.P.) and Radiology (W. Chong, R.V.C., L.-A.S.), Monash Medical Centre, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, the Departments of Neurology (V.T., M.S.) and Radiology (M.B., H.A.), Austin Hospital, Austin Health, Heidelberg, VIC, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Melbourne, VIC (H.A.), and the Departments of Medicine and Neurology, Melbourne Medical School, University of Melbourne and Western Health, Sunshine Hospital, St. Albans, VIC (T.W.), the Departments of Neurology (D.G.S., H.B.) and Radiology (K.R., D.L.), Princess Alexandra Hospital, and the Departments of Neurology (A.A.W., C.M.) and Radiology (A.C., K. Mitchell, J.C., K. Mahady), Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital and the University of Queensland, Brisbane, the Departments of Neurology (P.B.) and Radiology (H.R., L.V.), Gold Coast University Hospital, Southport, QLD, and the Department of Neurology, Priority Research Centre for Brain and Mental Health Research, John Hunter Hospital, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW (T.A., F.M., C.R.L., C.G.-E., M.W.P.), the Department of Neurology, Royal North Shore Hospital and Kolling Institute, University of Sydney (M.K.), and the Department of Radiology, Royal North Shore Hospital (T.J.H., K.C.F., B.S.S.), St. Leonards, and the Department of Radiology, Westmead Hospital, Sydney (T.J.H., K.C.F., B.S.S.) - all in Australia; and the Departments of Neurology (T.Y.W., J.N.F.) and Radiology (W. Collecutt), Christchurch Hospital, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Nawaf Yassi
- From the Departments of Medicine and Neurology, Melbourne Brain Centre (B.C.V.C., N.Y., B.Y., T.Y.W., D.G.S., E.R., H.Z., P.S., G.S., M.W.P., S.M.D.), and the Department of Radiology (P.J.M., R.J.D., S.J.B., P.M.D.), Royal Melbourne Hospital, and the Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health (L.C., N.Y., V.T., H.A., H.M., C.F.B., G.A.D.), University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, the Departments of Neurology (T.J.K.) and Radiology (R.S.), Royal Adelaide Hospital, and the Department of Neurology, Lyell McEwin Hospital (D.F.), Adelaide, SA, the Department of Neurosciences, Eastern Health and Eastern Health Clinical School (H.M.D., C.F.B.), and the Departments of Neurology (H.M., T.G.P.) and Radiology (W. Chong, R.V.C., L.-A.S.), Monash Medical Centre, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, the Departments of Neurology (V.T., M.S.) and Radiology (M.B., H.A.), Austin Hospital, Austin Health, Heidelberg, VIC, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Melbourne, VIC (H.A.), and the Departments of Medicine and Neurology, Melbourne Medical School, University of Melbourne and Western Health, Sunshine Hospital, St. Albans, VIC (T.W.), the Departments of Neurology (D.G.S., H.B.) and Radiology (K.R., D.L.), Princess Alexandra Hospital, and the Departments of Neurology (A.A.W., C.M.) and Radiology (A.C., K. Mitchell, J.C., K. Mahady), Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital and the University of Queensland, Brisbane, the Departments of Neurology (P.B.) and Radiology (H.R., L.V.), Gold Coast University Hospital, Southport, QLD, and the Department of Neurology, Priority Research Centre for Brain and Mental Health Research, John Hunter Hospital, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW (T.A., F.M., C.R.L., C.G.-E., M.W.P.), the Department of Neurology, Royal North Shore Hospital and Kolling Institute, University of Sydney (M.K.), and the Department of Radiology, Royal North Shore Hospital (T.J.H., K.C.F., B.S.S.), St. Leonards, and the Department of Radiology, Westmead Hospital, Sydney (T.J.H., K.C.F., B.S.S.) - all in Australia; and the Departments of Neurology (T.Y.W., J.N.F.) and Radiology (W. Collecutt), Christchurch Hospital, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Timothy J Kleinig
- From the Departments of Medicine and Neurology, Melbourne Brain Centre (B.C.V.C., N.Y., B.Y., T.Y.W., D.G.S., E.R., H.Z., P.S., G.S., M.W.P., S.M.D.), and the Department of Radiology (P.J.M., R.J.D., S.J.B., P.M.D.), Royal Melbourne Hospital, and the Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health (L.C., N.Y., V.T., H.A., H.M., C.F.B., G.A.D.), University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, the Departments of Neurology (T.J.K.) and Radiology (R.S.), Royal Adelaide Hospital, and the Department of Neurology, Lyell McEwin Hospital (D.F.), Adelaide, SA, the Department of Neurosciences, Eastern Health and Eastern Health Clinical School (H.M.D., C.F.B.), and the Departments of Neurology (H.M., T.G.P.) and Radiology (W. Chong, R.V.C., L.-A.S.), Monash Medical Centre, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, the Departments of Neurology (V.T., M.S.) and Radiology (M.B., H.A.), Austin Hospital, Austin Health, Heidelberg, VIC, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Melbourne, VIC (H.A.), and the Departments of Medicine and Neurology, Melbourne Medical School, University of Melbourne and Western Health, Sunshine Hospital, St. Albans, VIC (T.W.), the Departments of Neurology (D.G.S., H.B.) and Radiology (K.R., D.L.), Princess Alexandra Hospital, and the Departments of Neurology (A.A.W., C.M.) and Radiology (A.C., K. Mitchell, J.C., K. Mahady), Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital and the University of Queensland, Brisbane, the Departments of Neurology (P.B.) and Radiology (H.R., L.V.), Gold Coast University Hospital, Southport, QLD, and the Department of Neurology, Priority Research Centre for Brain and Mental Health Research, John Hunter Hospital, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW (T.A., F.M., C.R.L., C.G.-E., M.W.P.), the Department of Neurology, Royal North Shore Hospital and Kolling Institute, University of Sydney (M.K.), and the Department of Radiology, Royal North Shore Hospital (T.J.H., K.C.F., B.S.S.), St. Leonards, and the Department of Radiology, Westmead Hospital, Sydney (T.J.H., K.C.F., B.S.S.) - all in Australia; and the Departments of Neurology (T.Y.W., J.N.F.) and Radiology (W. Collecutt), Christchurch Hospital, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Richard J Dowling
- From the Departments of Medicine and Neurology, Melbourne Brain Centre (B.C.V.C., N.Y., B.Y., T.Y.W., D.G.S., E.R., H.Z., P.S., G.S., M.W.P., S.M.D.), and the Department of Radiology (P.J.M., R.J.D., S.J.B., P.M.D.), Royal Melbourne Hospital, and the Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health (L.C., N.Y., V.T., H.A., H.M., C.F.B., G.A.D.), University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, the Departments of Neurology (T.J.K.) and Radiology (R.S.), Royal Adelaide Hospital, and the Department of Neurology, Lyell McEwin Hospital (D.F.), Adelaide, SA, the Department of Neurosciences, Eastern Health and Eastern Health Clinical School (H.M.D., C.F.B.), and the Departments of Neurology (H.M., T.G.P.) and Radiology (W. Chong, R.V.C., L.-A.S.), Monash Medical Centre, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, the Departments of Neurology (V.T., M.S.) and Radiology (M.B., H.A.), Austin Hospital, Austin Health, Heidelberg, VIC, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Melbourne, VIC (H.A.), and the Departments of Medicine and Neurology, Melbourne Medical School, University of Melbourne and Western Health, Sunshine Hospital, St. Albans, VIC (T.W.), the Departments of Neurology (D.G.S., H.B.) and Radiology (K.R., D.L.), Princess Alexandra Hospital, and the Departments of Neurology (A.A.W., C.M.) and Radiology (A.C., K. Mitchell, J.C., K. Mahady), Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital and the University of Queensland, Brisbane, the Departments of Neurology (P.B.) and Radiology (H.R., L.V.), Gold Coast University Hospital, Southport, QLD, and the Department of Neurology, Priority Research Centre for Brain and Mental Health Research, John Hunter Hospital, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW (T.A., F.M., C.R.L., C.G.-E., M.W.P.), the Department of Neurology, Royal North Shore Hospital and Kolling Institute, University of Sydney (M.K.), and the Department of Radiology, Royal North Shore Hospital (T.J.H., K.C.F., B.S.S.), St. Leonards, and the Department of Radiology, Westmead Hospital, Sydney (T.J.H., K.C.F., B.S.S.) - all in Australia; and the Departments of Neurology (T.Y.W., J.N.F.) and Radiology (W. Collecutt), Christchurch Hospital, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Bernard Yan
- From the Departments of Medicine and Neurology, Melbourne Brain Centre (B.C.V.C., N.Y., B.Y., T.Y.W., D.G.S., E.R., H.Z., P.S., G.S., M.W.P., S.M.D.), and the Department of Radiology (P.J.M., R.J.D., S.J.B., P.M.D.), Royal Melbourne Hospital, and the Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health (L.C., N.Y., V.T., H.A., H.M., C.F.B., G.A.D.), University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, the Departments of Neurology (T.J.K.) and Radiology (R.S.), Royal Adelaide Hospital, and the Department of Neurology, Lyell McEwin Hospital (D.F.), Adelaide, SA, the Department of Neurosciences, Eastern Health and Eastern Health Clinical School (H.M.D., C.F.B.), and the Departments of Neurology (H.M., T.G.P.) and Radiology (W. Chong, R.V.C., L.-A.S.), Monash Medical Centre, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, the Departments of Neurology (V.T., M.S.) and Radiology (M.B., H.A.), Austin Hospital, Austin Health, Heidelberg, VIC, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Melbourne, VIC (H.A.), and the Departments of Medicine and Neurology, Melbourne Medical School, University of Melbourne and Western Health, Sunshine Hospital, St. Albans, VIC (T.W.), the Departments of Neurology (D.G.S., H.B.) and Radiology (K.R., D.L.), Princess Alexandra Hospital, and the Departments of Neurology (A.A.W., C.M.) and Radiology (A.C., K. Mitchell, J.C., K. Mahady), Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital and the University of Queensland, Brisbane, the Departments of Neurology (P.B.) and Radiology (H.R., L.V.), Gold Coast University Hospital, Southport, QLD, and the Department of Neurology, Priority Research Centre for Brain and Mental Health Research, John Hunter Hospital, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW (T.A., F.M., C.R.L., C.G.-E., M.W.P.), the Department of Neurology, Royal North Shore Hospital and Kolling Institute, University of Sydney (M.K.), and the Department of Radiology, Royal North Shore Hospital (T.J.H., K.C.F., B.S.S.), St. Leonards, and the Department of Radiology, Westmead Hospital, Sydney (T.J.H., K.C.F., B.S.S.) - all in Australia; and the Departments of Neurology (T.Y.W., J.N.F.) and Radiology (W. Collecutt), Christchurch Hospital, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Steven J Bush
- From the Departments of Medicine and Neurology, Melbourne Brain Centre (B.C.V.C., N.Y., B.Y., T.Y.W., D.G.S., E.R., H.Z., P.S., G.S., M.W.P., S.M.D.), and the Department of Radiology (P.J.M., R.J.D., S.J.B., P.M.D.), Royal Melbourne Hospital, and the Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health (L.C., N.Y., V.T., H.A., H.M., C.F.B., G.A.D.), University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, the Departments of Neurology (T.J.K.) and Radiology (R.S.), Royal Adelaide Hospital, and the Department of Neurology, Lyell McEwin Hospital (D.F.), Adelaide, SA, the Department of Neurosciences, Eastern Health and Eastern Health Clinical School (H.M.D., C.F.B.), and the Departments of Neurology (H.M., T.G.P.) and Radiology (W. Chong, R.V.C., L.-A.S.), Monash Medical Centre, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, the Departments of Neurology (V.T., M.S.) and Radiology (M.B., H.A.), Austin Hospital, Austin Health, Heidelberg, VIC, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Melbourne, VIC (H.A.), and the Departments of Medicine and Neurology, Melbourne Medical School, University of Melbourne and Western Health, Sunshine Hospital, St. Albans, VIC (T.W.), the Departments of Neurology (D.G.S., H.B.) and Radiology (K.R., D.L.), Princess Alexandra Hospital, and the Departments of Neurology (A.A.W., C.M.) and Radiology (A.C., K. Mitchell, J.C., K. Mahady), Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital and the University of Queensland, Brisbane, the Departments of Neurology (P.B.) and Radiology (H.R., L.V.), Gold Coast University Hospital, Southport, QLD, and the Department of Neurology, Priority Research Centre for Brain and Mental Health Research, John Hunter Hospital, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW (T.A., F.M., C.R.L., C.G.-E., M.W.P.), the Department of Neurology, Royal North Shore Hospital and Kolling Institute, University of Sydney (M.K.), and the Department of Radiology, Royal North Shore Hospital (T.J.H., K.C.F., B.S.S.), St. Leonards, and the Department of Radiology, Westmead Hospital, Sydney (T.J.H., K.C.F., B.S.S.) - all in Australia; and the Departments of Neurology (T.Y.W., J.N.F.) and Radiology (W. Collecutt), Christchurch Hospital, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Helen M Dewey
- From the Departments of Medicine and Neurology, Melbourne Brain Centre (B.C.V.C., N.Y., B.Y., T.Y.W., D.G.S., E.R., H.Z., P.S., G.S., M.W.P., S.M.D.), and the Department of Radiology (P.J.M., R.J.D., S.J.B., P.M.D.), Royal Melbourne Hospital, and the Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health (L.C., N.Y., V.T., H.A., H.M., C.F.B., G.A.D.), University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, the Departments of Neurology (T.J.K.) and Radiology (R.S.), Royal Adelaide Hospital, and the Department of Neurology, Lyell McEwin Hospital (D.F.), Adelaide, SA, the Department of Neurosciences, Eastern Health and Eastern Health Clinical School (H.M.D., C.F.B.), and the Departments of Neurology (H.M., T.G.P.) and Radiology (W. Chong, R.V.C., L.-A.S.), Monash Medical Centre, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, the Departments of Neurology (V.T., M.S.) and Radiology (M.B., H.A.), Austin Hospital, Austin Health, Heidelberg, VIC, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Melbourne, VIC (H.A.), and the Departments of Medicine and Neurology, Melbourne Medical School, University of Melbourne and Western Health, Sunshine Hospital, St. Albans, VIC (T.W.), the Departments of Neurology (D.G.S., H.B.) and Radiology (K.R., D.L.), Princess Alexandra Hospital, and the Departments of Neurology (A.A.W., C.M.) and Radiology (A.C., K. Mitchell, J.C., K. Mahady), Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital and the University of Queensland, Brisbane, the Departments of Neurology (P.B.) and Radiology (H.R., L.V.), Gold Coast University Hospital, Southport, QLD, and the Department of Neurology, Priority Research Centre for Brain and Mental Health Research, John Hunter Hospital, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW (T.A., F.M., C.R.L., C.G.-E., M.W.P.), the Department of Neurology, Royal North Shore Hospital and Kolling Institute, University of Sydney (M.K.), and the Department of Radiology, Royal North Shore Hospital (T.J.H., K.C.F., B.S.S.), St. Leonards, and the Department of Radiology, Westmead Hospital, Sydney (T.J.H., K.C.F., B.S.S.) - all in Australia; and the Departments of Neurology (T.Y.W., J.N.F.) and Radiology (W. Collecutt), Christchurch Hospital, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Vincent Thijs
- From the Departments of Medicine and Neurology, Melbourne Brain Centre (B.C.V.C., N.Y., B.Y., T.Y.W., D.G.S., E.R., H.Z., P.S., G.S., M.W.P., S.M.D.), and the Department of Radiology (P.J.M., R.J.D., S.J.B., P.M.D.), Royal Melbourne Hospital, and the Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health (L.C., N.Y., V.T., H.A., H.M., C.F.B., G.A.D.), University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, the Departments of Neurology (T.J.K.) and Radiology (R.S.), Royal Adelaide Hospital, and the Department of Neurology, Lyell McEwin Hospital (D.F.), Adelaide, SA, the Department of Neurosciences, Eastern Health and Eastern Health Clinical School (H.M.D., C.F.B.), and the Departments of Neurology (H.M., T.G.P.) and Radiology (W. Chong, R.V.C., L.-A.S.), Monash Medical Centre, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, the Departments of Neurology (V.T., M.S.) and Radiology (M.B., H.A.), Austin Hospital, Austin Health, Heidelberg, VIC, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Melbourne, VIC (H.A.), and the Departments of Medicine and Neurology, Melbourne Medical School, University of Melbourne and Western Health, Sunshine Hospital, St. Albans, VIC (T.W.), the Departments of Neurology (D.G.S., H.B.) and Radiology (K.R., D.L.), Princess Alexandra Hospital, and the Departments of Neurology (A.A.W., C.M.) and Radiology (A.C., K. Mitchell, J.C., K. Mahady), Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital and the University of Queensland, Brisbane, the Departments of Neurology (P.B.) and Radiology (H.R., L.V.), Gold Coast University Hospital, Southport, QLD, and the Department of Neurology, Priority Research Centre for Brain and Mental Health Research, John Hunter Hospital, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW (T.A., F.M., C.R.L., C.G.-E., M.W.P.), the Department of Neurology, Royal North Shore Hospital and Kolling Institute, University of Sydney (M.K.), and the Department of Radiology, Royal North Shore Hospital (T.J.H., K.C.F., B.S.S.), St. Leonards, and the Department of Radiology, Westmead Hospital, Sydney (T.J.H., K.C.F., B.S.S.) - all in Australia; and the Departments of Neurology (T.Y.W., J.N.F.) and Radiology (W. Collecutt), Christchurch Hospital, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Rebecca Scroop
- From the Departments of Medicine and Neurology, Melbourne Brain Centre (B.C.V.C., N.Y., B.Y., T.Y.W., D.G.S., E.R., H.Z., P.S., G.S., M.W.P., S.M.D.), and the Department of Radiology (P.J.M., R.J.D., S.J.B., P.M.D.), Royal Melbourne Hospital, and the Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health (L.C., N.Y., V.T., H.A., H.M., C.F.B., G.A.D.), University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, the Departments of Neurology (T.J.K.) and Radiology (R.S.), Royal Adelaide Hospital, and the Department of Neurology, Lyell McEwin Hospital (D.F.), Adelaide, SA, the Department of Neurosciences, Eastern Health and Eastern Health Clinical School (H.M.D., C.F.B.), and the Departments of Neurology (H.M., T.G.P.) and Radiology (W. Chong, R.V.C., L.-A.S.), Monash Medical Centre, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, the Departments of Neurology (V.T., M.S.) and Radiology (M.B., H.A.), Austin Hospital, Austin Health, Heidelberg, VIC, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Melbourne, VIC (H.A.), and the Departments of Medicine and Neurology, Melbourne Medical School, University of Melbourne and Western Health, Sunshine Hospital, St. Albans, VIC (T.W.), the Departments of Neurology (D.G.S., H.B.) and Radiology (K.R., D.L.), Princess Alexandra Hospital, and the Departments of Neurology (A.A.W., C.M.) and Radiology (A.C., K. Mitchell, J.C., K. Mahady), Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital and the University of Queensland, Brisbane, the Departments of Neurology (P.B.) and Radiology (H.R., L.V.), Gold Coast University Hospital, Southport, QLD, and the Department of Neurology, Priority Research Centre for Brain and Mental Health Research, John Hunter Hospital, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW (T.A., F.M., C.R.L., C.G.-E., M.W.P.), the Department of Neurology, Royal North Shore Hospital and Kolling Institute, University of Sydney (M.K.), and the Department of Radiology, Royal North Shore Hospital (T.J.H., K.C.F., B.S.S.), St. Leonards, and the Department of Radiology, Westmead Hospital, Sydney (T.J.H., K.C.F., B.S.S.) - all in Australia; and the Departments of Neurology (T.Y.W., J.N.F.) and Radiology (W. Collecutt), Christchurch Hospital, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Marion Simpson
- From the Departments of Medicine and Neurology, Melbourne Brain Centre (B.C.V.C., N.Y., B.Y., T.Y.W., D.G.S., E.R., H.Z., P.S., G.S., M.W.P., S.M.D.), and the Department of Radiology (P.J.M., R.J.D., S.J.B., P.M.D.), Royal Melbourne Hospital, and the Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health (L.C., N.Y., V.T., H.A., H.M., C.F.B., G.A.D.), University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, the Departments of Neurology (T.J.K.) and Radiology (R.S.), Royal Adelaide Hospital, and the Department of Neurology, Lyell McEwin Hospital (D.F.), Adelaide, SA, the Department of Neurosciences, Eastern Health and Eastern Health Clinical School (H.M.D., C.F.B.), and the Departments of Neurology (H.M., T.G.P.) and Radiology (W. Chong, R.V.C., L.-A.S.), Monash Medical Centre, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, the Departments of Neurology (V.T., M.S.) and Radiology (M.B., H.A.), Austin Hospital, Austin Health, Heidelberg, VIC, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Melbourne, VIC (H.A.), and the Departments of Medicine and Neurology, Melbourne Medical School, University of Melbourne and Western Health, Sunshine Hospital, St. Albans, VIC (T.W.), the Departments of Neurology (D.G.S., H.B.) and Radiology (K.R., D.L.), Princess Alexandra Hospital, and the Departments of Neurology (A.A.W., C.M.) and Radiology (A.C., K. Mitchell, J.C., K. Mahady), Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital and the University of Queensland, Brisbane, the Departments of Neurology (P.B.) and Radiology (H.R., L.V.), Gold Coast University Hospital, Southport, QLD, and the Department of Neurology, Priority Research Centre for Brain and Mental Health Research, John Hunter Hospital, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW (T.A., F.M., C.R.L., C.G.-E., M.W.P.), the Department of Neurology, Royal North Shore Hospital and Kolling Institute, University of Sydney (M.K.), and the Department of Radiology, Royal North Shore Hospital (T.J.H., K.C.F., B.S.S.), St. Leonards, and the Department of Radiology, Westmead Hospital, Sydney (T.J.H., K.C.F., B.S.S.) - all in Australia; and the Departments of Neurology (T.Y.W., J.N.F.) and Radiology (W. Collecutt), Christchurch Hospital, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Mark Brooks
- From the Departments of Medicine and Neurology, Melbourne Brain Centre (B.C.V.C., N.Y., B.Y., T.Y.W., D.G.S., E.R., H.Z., P.S., G.S., M.W.P., S.M.D.), and the Department of Radiology (P.J.M., R.J.D., S.J.B., P.M.D.), Royal Melbourne Hospital, and the Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health (L.C., N.Y., V.T., H.A., H.M., C.F.B., G.A.D.), University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, the Departments of Neurology (T.J.K.) and Radiology (R.S.), Royal Adelaide Hospital, and the Department of Neurology, Lyell McEwin Hospital (D.F.), Adelaide, SA, the Department of Neurosciences, Eastern Health and Eastern Health Clinical School (H.M.D., C.F.B.), and the Departments of Neurology (H.M., T.G.P.) and Radiology (W. Chong, R.V.C., L.-A.S.), Monash Medical Centre, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, the Departments of Neurology (V.T., M.S.) and Radiology (M.B., H.A.), Austin Hospital, Austin Health, Heidelberg, VIC, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Melbourne, VIC (H.A.), and the Departments of Medicine and Neurology, Melbourne Medical School, University of Melbourne and Western Health, Sunshine Hospital, St. Albans, VIC (T.W.), the Departments of Neurology (D.G.S., H.B.) and Radiology (K.R., D.L.), Princess Alexandra Hospital, and the Departments of Neurology (A.A.W., C.M.) and Radiology (A.C., K. Mitchell, J.C., K. Mahady), Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital and the University of Queensland, Brisbane, the Departments of Neurology (P.B.) and Radiology (H.R., L.V.), Gold Coast University Hospital, Southport, QLD, and the Department of Neurology, Priority Research Centre for Brain and Mental Health Research, John Hunter Hospital, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW (T.A., F.M., C.R.L., C.G.-E., M.W.P.), the Department of Neurology, Royal North Shore Hospital and Kolling Institute, University of Sydney (M.K.), and the Department of Radiology, Royal North Shore Hospital (T.J.H., K.C.F., B.S.S.), St. Leonards, and the Department of Radiology, Westmead Hospital, Sydney (T.J.H., K.C.F., B.S.S.) - all in Australia; and the Departments of Neurology (T.Y.W., J.N.F.) and Radiology (W. Collecutt), Christchurch Hospital, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Hamed Asadi
- From the Departments of Medicine and Neurology, Melbourne Brain Centre (B.C.V.C., N.Y., B.Y., T.Y.W., D.G.S., E.R., H.Z., P.S., G.S., M.W.P., S.M.D.), and the Department of Radiology (P.J.M., R.J.D., S.J.B., P.M.D.), Royal Melbourne Hospital, and the Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health (L.C., N.Y., V.T., H.A., H.M., C.F.B., G.A.D.), University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, the Departments of Neurology (T.J.K.) and Radiology (R.S.), Royal Adelaide Hospital, and the Department of Neurology, Lyell McEwin Hospital (D.F.), Adelaide, SA, the Department of Neurosciences, Eastern Health and Eastern Health Clinical School (H.M.D., C.F.B.), and the Departments of Neurology (H.M., T.G.P.) and Radiology (W. Chong, R.V.C., L.-A.S.), Monash Medical Centre, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, the Departments of Neurology (V.T., M.S.) and Radiology (M.B., H.A.), Austin Hospital, Austin Health, Heidelberg, VIC, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Melbourne, VIC (H.A.), and the Departments of Medicine and Neurology, Melbourne Medical School, University of Melbourne and Western Health, Sunshine Hospital, St. Albans, VIC (T.W.), the Departments of Neurology (D.G.S., H.B.) and Radiology (K.R., D.L.), Princess Alexandra Hospital, and the Departments of Neurology (A.A.W., C.M.) and Radiology (A.C., K. Mitchell, J.C., K. Mahady), Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital and the University of Queensland, Brisbane, the Departments of Neurology (P.B.) and Radiology (H.R., L.V.), Gold Coast University Hospital, Southport, QLD, and the Department of Neurology, Priority Research Centre for Brain and Mental Health Research, John Hunter Hospital, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW (T.A., F.M., C.R.L., C.G.-E., M.W.P.), the Department of Neurology, Royal North Shore Hospital and Kolling Institute, University of Sydney (M.K.), and the Department of Radiology, Royal North Shore Hospital (T.J.H., K.C.F., B.S.S.), St. Leonards, and the Department of Radiology, Westmead Hospital, Sydney (T.J.H., K.C.F., B.S.S.) - all in Australia; and the Departments of Neurology (T.Y.W., J.N.F.) and Radiology (W. Collecutt), Christchurch Hospital, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Teddy Y Wu
- From the Departments of Medicine and Neurology, Melbourne Brain Centre (B.C.V.C., N.Y., B.Y., T.Y.W., D.G.S., E.R., H.Z., P.S., G.S., M.W.P., S.M.D.), and the Department of Radiology (P.J.M., R.J.D., S.J.B., P.M.D.), Royal Melbourne Hospital, and the Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health (L.C., N.Y., V.T., H.A., H.M., C.F.B., G.A.D.), University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, the Departments of Neurology (T.J.K.) and Radiology (R.S.), Royal Adelaide Hospital, and the Department of Neurology, Lyell McEwin Hospital (D.F.), Adelaide, SA, the Department of Neurosciences, Eastern Health and Eastern Health Clinical School (H.M.D., C.F.B.), and the Departments of Neurology (H.M., T.G.P.) and Radiology (W. Chong, R.V.C., L.-A.S.), Monash Medical Centre, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, the Departments of Neurology (V.T., M.S.) and Radiology (M.B., H.A.), Austin Hospital, Austin Health, Heidelberg, VIC, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Melbourne, VIC (H.A.), and the Departments of Medicine and Neurology, Melbourne Medical School, University of Melbourne and Western Health, Sunshine Hospital, St. Albans, VIC (T.W.), the Departments of Neurology (D.G.S., H.B.) and Radiology (K.R., D.L.), Princess Alexandra Hospital, and the Departments of Neurology (A.A.W., C.M.) and Radiology (A.C., K. Mitchell, J.C., K. Mahady), Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital and the University of Queensland, Brisbane, the Departments of Neurology (P.B.) and Radiology (H.R., L.V.), Gold Coast University Hospital, Southport, QLD, and the Department of Neurology, Priority Research Centre for Brain and Mental Health Research, John Hunter Hospital, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW (T.A., F.M., C.R.L., C.G.-E., M.W.P.), the Department of Neurology, Royal North Shore Hospital and Kolling Institute, University of Sydney (M.K.), and the Department of Radiology, Royal North Shore Hospital (T.J.H., K.C.F., B.S.S.), St. Leonards, and the Department of Radiology, Westmead Hospital, Sydney (T.J.H., K.C.F., B.S.S.) - all in Australia; and the Departments of Neurology (T.Y.W., J.N.F.) and Radiology (W. Collecutt), Christchurch Hospital, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Darshan G Shah
- From the Departments of Medicine and Neurology, Melbourne Brain Centre (B.C.V.C., N.Y., B.Y., T.Y.W., D.G.S., E.R., H.Z., P.S., G.S., M.W.P., S.M.D.), and the Department of Radiology (P.J.M., R.J.D., S.J.B., P.M.D.), Royal Melbourne Hospital, and the Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health (L.C., N.Y., V.T., H.A., H.M., C.F.B., G.A.D.), University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, the Departments of Neurology (T.J.K.) and Radiology (R.S.), Royal Adelaide Hospital, and the Department of Neurology, Lyell McEwin Hospital (D.F.), Adelaide, SA, the Department of Neurosciences, Eastern Health and Eastern Health Clinical School (H.M.D., C.F.B.), and the Departments of Neurology (H.M., T.G.P.) and Radiology (W. Chong, R.V.C., L.-A.S.), Monash Medical Centre, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, the Departments of Neurology (V.T., M.S.) and Radiology (M.B., H.A.), Austin Hospital, Austin Health, Heidelberg, VIC, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Melbourne, VIC (H.A.), and the Departments of Medicine and Neurology, Melbourne Medical School, University of Melbourne and Western Health, Sunshine Hospital, St. Albans, VIC (T.W.), the Departments of Neurology (D.G.S., H.B.) and Radiology (K.R., D.L.), Princess Alexandra Hospital, and the Departments of Neurology (A.A.W., C.M.) and Radiology (A.C., K. Mitchell, J.C., K. Mahady), Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital and the University of Queensland, Brisbane, the Departments of Neurology (P.B.) and Radiology (H.R., L.V.), Gold Coast University Hospital, Southport, QLD, and the Department of Neurology, Priority Research Centre for Brain and Mental Health Research, John Hunter Hospital, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW (T.A., F.M., C.R.L., C.G.-E., M.W.P.), the Department of Neurology, Royal North Shore Hospital and Kolling Institute, University of Sydney (M.K.), and the Department of Radiology, Royal North Shore Hospital (T.J.H., K.C.F., B.S.S.), St. Leonards, and the Department of Radiology, Westmead Hospital, Sydney (T.J.H., K.C.F., B.S.S.) - all in Australia; and the Departments of Neurology (T.Y.W., J.N.F.) and Radiology (W. Collecutt), Christchurch Hospital, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Tissa Wijeratne
- From the Departments of Medicine and Neurology, Melbourne Brain Centre (B.C.V.C., N.Y., B.Y., T.Y.W., D.G.S., E.R., H.Z., P.S., G.S., M.W.P., S.M.D.), and the Department of Radiology (P.J.M., R.J.D., S.J.B., P.M.D.), Royal Melbourne Hospital, and the Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health (L.C., N.Y., V.T., H.A., H.M., C.F.B., G.A.D.), University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, the Departments of Neurology (T.J.K.) and Radiology (R.S.), Royal Adelaide Hospital, and the Department of Neurology, Lyell McEwin Hospital (D.F.), Adelaide, SA, the Department of Neurosciences, Eastern Health and Eastern Health Clinical School (H.M.D., C.F.B.), and the Departments of Neurology (H.M., T.G.P.) and Radiology (W. Chong, R.V.C., L.-A.S.), Monash Medical Centre, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, the Departments of Neurology (V.T., M.S.) and Radiology (M.B., H.A.), Austin Hospital, Austin Health, Heidelberg, VIC, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Melbourne, VIC (H.A.), and the Departments of Medicine and Neurology, Melbourne Medical School, University of Melbourne and Western Health, Sunshine Hospital, St. Albans, VIC (T.W.), the Departments of Neurology (D.G.S., H.B.) and Radiology (K.R., D.L.), Princess Alexandra Hospital, and the Departments of Neurology (A.A.W., C.M.) and Radiology (A.C., K. Mitchell, J.C., K. Mahady), Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital and the University of Queensland, Brisbane, the Departments of Neurology (P.B.) and Radiology (H.R., L.V.), Gold Coast University Hospital, Southport, QLD, and the Department of Neurology, Priority Research Centre for Brain and Mental Health Research, John Hunter Hospital, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW (T.A., F.M., C.R.L., C.G.-E., M.W.P.), the Department of Neurology, Royal North Shore Hospital and Kolling Institute, University of Sydney (M.K.), and the Department of Radiology, Royal North Shore Hospital (T.J.H., K.C.F., B.S.S.), St. Leonards, and the Department of Radiology, Westmead Hospital, Sydney (T.J.H., K.C.F., B.S.S.) - all in Australia; and the Departments of Neurology (T.Y.W., J.N.F.) and Radiology (W. Collecutt), Christchurch Hospital, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Timothy Ang
- From the Departments of Medicine and Neurology, Melbourne Brain Centre (B.C.V.C., N.Y., B.Y., T.Y.W., D.G.S., E.R., H.Z., P.S., G.S., M.W.P., S.M.D.), and the Department of Radiology (P.J.M., R.J.D., S.J.B., P.M.D.), Royal Melbourne Hospital, and the Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health (L.C., N.Y., V.T., H.A., H.M., C.F.B., G.A.D.), University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, the Departments of Neurology (T.J.K.) and Radiology (R.S.), Royal Adelaide Hospital, and the Department of Neurology, Lyell McEwin Hospital (D.F.), Adelaide, SA, the Department of Neurosciences, Eastern Health and Eastern Health Clinical School (H.M.D., C.F.B.), and the Departments of Neurology (H.M., T.G.P.) and Radiology (W. Chong, R.V.C., L.-A.S.), Monash Medical Centre, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, the Departments of Neurology (V.T., M.S.) and Radiology (M.B., H.A.), Austin Hospital, Austin Health, Heidelberg, VIC, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Melbourne, VIC (H.A.), and the Departments of Medicine and Neurology, Melbourne Medical School, University of Melbourne and Western Health, Sunshine Hospital, St. Albans, VIC (T.W.), the Departments of Neurology (D.G.S., H.B.) and Radiology (K.R., D.L.), Princess Alexandra Hospital, and the Departments of Neurology (A.A.W., C.M.) and Radiology (A.C., K. Mitchell, J.C., K. Mahady), Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital and the University of Queensland, Brisbane, the Departments of Neurology (P.B.) and Radiology (H.R., L.V.), Gold Coast University Hospital, Southport, QLD, and the Department of Neurology, Priority Research Centre for Brain and Mental Health Research, John Hunter Hospital, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW (T.A., F.M., C.R.L., C.G.-E., M.W.P.), the Department of Neurology, Royal North Shore Hospital and Kolling Institute, University of Sydney (M.K.), and the Department of Radiology, Royal North Shore Hospital (T.J.H., K.C.F., B.S.S.), St. Leonards, and the Department of Radiology, Westmead Hospital, Sydney (T.J.H., K.C.F., B.S.S.) - all in Australia; and the Departments of Neurology (T.Y.W., J.N.F.) and Radiology (W. Collecutt), Christchurch Hospital, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Ferdinand Miteff
- From the Departments of Medicine and Neurology, Melbourne Brain Centre (B.C.V.C., N.Y., B.Y., T.Y.W., D.G.S., E.R., H.Z., P.S., G.S., M.W.P., S.M.D.), and the Department of Radiology (P.J.M., R.J.D., S.J.B., P.M.D.), Royal Melbourne Hospital, and the Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health (L.C., N.Y., V.T., H.A., H.M., C.F.B., G.A.D.), University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, the Departments of Neurology (T.J.K.) and Radiology (R.S.), Royal Adelaide Hospital, and the Department of Neurology, Lyell McEwin Hospital (D.F.), Adelaide, SA, the Department of Neurosciences, Eastern Health and Eastern Health Clinical School (H.M.D., C.F.B.), and the Departments of Neurology (H.M., T.G.P.) and Radiology (W. Chong, R.V.C., L.-A.S.), Monash Medical Centre, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, the Departments of Neurology (V.T., M.S.) and Radiology (M.B., H.A.), Austin Hospital, Austin Health, Heidelberg, VIC, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Melbourne, VIC (H.A.), and the Departments of Medicine and Neurology, Melbourne Medical School, University of Melbourne and Western Health, Sunshine Hospital, St. Albans, VIC (T.W.), the Departments of Neurology (D.G.S., H.B.) and Radiology (K.R., D.L.), Princess Alexandra Hospital, and the Departments of Neurology (A.A.W., C.M.) and Radiology (A.C., K. Mitchell, J.C., K. Mahady), Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital and the University of Queensland, Brisbane, the Departments of Neurology (P.B.) and Radiology (H.R., L.V.), Gold Coast University Hospital, Southport, QLD, and the Department of Neurology, Priority Research Centre for Brain and Mental Health Research, John Hunter Hospital, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW (T.A., F.M., C.R.L., C.G.-E., M.W.P.), the Department of Neurology, Royal North Shore Hospital and Kolling Institute, University of Sydney (M.K.), and the Department of Radiology, Royal North Shore Hospital (T.J.H., K.C.F., B.S.S.), St. Leonards, and the Department of Radiology, Westmead Hospital, Sydney (T.J.H., K.C.F., B.S.S.) - all in Australia; and the Departments of Neurology (T.Y.W., J.N.F.) and Radiology (W. Collecutt), Christchurch Hospital, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Christopher R Levi
- From the Departments of Medicine and Neurology, Melbourne Brain Centre (B.C.V.C., N.Y., B.Y., T.Y.W., D.G.S., E.R., H.Z., P.S., G.S., M.W.P., S.M.D.), and the Department of Radiology (P.J.M., R.J.D., S.J.B., P.M.D.), Royal Melbourne Hospital, and the Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health (L.C., N.Y., V.T., H.A., H.M., C.F.B., G.A.D.), University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, the Departments of Neurology (T.J.K.) and Radiology (R.S.), Royal Adelaide Hospital, and the Department of Neurology, Lyell McEwin Hospital (D.F.), Adelaide, SA, the Department of Neurosciences, Eastern Health and Eastern Health Clinical School (H.M.D., C.F.B.), and the Departments of Neurology (H.M., T.G.P.) and Radiology (W. Chong, R.V.C., L.-A.S.), Monash Medical Centre, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, the Departments of Neurology (V.T., M.S.) and Radiology (M.B., H.A.), Austin Hospital, Austin Health, Heidelberg, VIC, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Melbourne, VIC (H.A.), and the Departments of Medicine and Neurology, Melbourne Medical School, University of Melbourne and Western Health, Sunshine Hospital, St. Albans, VIC (T.W.), the Departments of Neurology (D.G.S., H.B.) and Radiology (K.R., D.L.), Princess Alexandra Hospital, and the Departments of Neurology (A.A.W., C.M.) and Radiology (A.C., K. Mitchell, J.C., K. Mahady), Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital and the University of Queensland, Brisbane, the Departments of Neurology (P.B.) and Radiology (H.R., L.V.), Gold Coast University Hospital, Southport, QLD, and the Department of Neurology, Priority Research Centre for Brain and Mental Health Research, John Hunter Hospital, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW (T.A., F.M., C.R.L., C.G.-E., M.W.P.), the Department of Neurology, Royal North Shore Hospital and Kolling Institute, University of Sydney (M.K.), and the Department of Radiology, Royal North Shore Hospital (T.J.H., K.C.F., B.S.S.), St. Leonards, and the Department of Radiology, Westmead Hospital, Sydney (T.J.H., K.C.F., B.S.S.) - all in Australia; and the Departments of Neurology (T.Y.W., J.N.F.) and Radiology (W. Collecutt), Christchurch Hospital, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Edrich Rodrigues
- From the Departments of Medicine and Neurology, Melbourne Brain Centre (B.C.V.C., N.Y., B.Y., T.Y.W., D.G.S., E.R., H.Z., P.S., G.S., M.W.P., S.M.D.), and the Department of Radiology (P.J.M., R.J.D., S.J.B., P.M.D.), Royal Melbourne Hospital, and the Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health (L.C., N.Y., V.T., H.A., H.M., C.F.B., G.A.D.), University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, the Departments of Neurology (T.J.K.) and Radiology (R.S.), Royal Adelaide Hospital, and the Department of Neurology, Lyell McEwin Hospital (D.F.), Adelaide, SA, the Department of Neurosciences, Eastern Health and Eastern Health Clinical School (H.M.D., C.F.B.), and the Departments of Neurology (H.M., T.G.P.) and Radiology (W. Chong, R.V.C., L.-A.S.), Monash Medical Centre, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, the Departments of Neurology (V.T., M.S.) and Radiology (M.B., H.A.), Austin Hospital, Austin Health, Heidelberg, VIC, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Melbourne, VIC (H.A.), and the Departments of Medicine and Neurology, Melbourne Medical School, University of Melbourne and Western Health, Sunshine Hospital, St. Albans, VIC (T.W.), the Departments of Neurology (D.G.S., H.B.) and Radiology (K.R., D.L.), Princess Alexandra Hospital, and the Departments of Neurology (A.A.W., C.M.) and Radiology (A.C., K. Mitchell, J.C., K. Mahady), Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital and the University of Queensland, Brisbane, the Departments of Neurology (P.B.) and Radiology (H.R., L.V.), Gold Coast University Hospital, Southport, QLD, and the Department of Neurology, Priority Research Centre for Brain and Mental Health Research, John Hunter Hospital, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW (T.A., F.M., C.R.L., C.G.-E., M.W.P.), the Department of Neurology, Royal North Shore Hospital and Kolling Institute, University of Sydney (M.K.), and the Department of Radiology, Royal North Shore Hospital (T.J.H., K.C.F., B.S.S.), St. Leonards, and the Department of Radiology, Westmead Hospital, Sydney (T.J.H., K.C.F., B.S.S.) - all in Australia; and the Departments of Neurology (T.Y.W., J.N.F.) and Radiology (W. Collecutt), Christchurch Hospital, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Henry Zhao
- From the Departments of Medicine and Neurology, Melbourne Brain Centre (B.C.V.C., N.Y., B.Y., T.Y.W., D.G.S., E.R., H.Z., P.S., G.S., M.W.P., S.M.D.), and the Department of Radiology (P.J.M., R.J.D., S.J.B., P.M.D.), Royal Melbourne Hospital, and the Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health (L.C., N.Y., V.T., H.A., H.M., C.F.B., G.A.D.), University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, the Departments of Neurology (T.J.K.) and Radiology (R.S.), Royal Adelaide Hospital, and the Department of Neurology, Lyell McEwin Hospital (D.F.), Adelaide, SA, the Department of Neurosciences, Eastern Health and Eastern Health Clinical School (H.M.D., C.F.B.), and the Departments of Neurology (H.M., T.G.P.) and Radiology (W. Chong, R.V.C., L.-A.S.), Monash Medical Centre, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, the Departments of Neurology (V.T., M.S.) and Radiology (M.B., H.A.), Austin Hospital, Austin Health, Heidelberg, VIC, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Melbourne, VIC (H.A.), and the Departments of Medicine and Neurology, Melbourne Medical School, University of Melbourne and Western Health, Sunshine Hospital, St. Albans, VIC (T.W.), the Departments of Neurology (D.G.S., H.B.) and Radiology (K.R., D.L.), Princess Alexandra Hospital, and the Departments of Neurology (A.A.W., C.M.) and Radiology (A.C., K. Mitchell, J.C., K. Mahady), Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital and the University of Queensland, Brisbane, the Departments of Neurology (P.B.) and Radiology (H.R., L.V.), Gold Coast University Hospital, Southport, QLD, and the Department of Neurology, Priority Research Centre for Brain and Mental Health Research, John Hunter Hospital, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW (T.A., F.M., C.R.L., C.G.-E., M.W.P.), the Department of Neurology, Royal North Shore Hospital and Kolling Institute, University of Sydney (M.K.), and the Department of Radiology, Royal North Shore Hospital (T.J.H., K.C.F., B.S.S.), St. Leonards, and the Department of Radiology, Westmead Hospital, Sydney (T.J.H., K.C.F., B.S.S.) - all in Australia; and the Departments of Neurology (T.Y.W., J.N.F.) and Radiology (W. Collecutt), Christchurch Hospital, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Patrick Salvaris
- From the Departments of Medicine and Neurology, Melbourne Brain Centre (B.C.V.C., N.Y., B.Y., T.Y.W., D.G.S., E.R., H.Z., P.S., G.S., M.W.P., S.M.D.), and the Department of Radiology (P.J.M., R.J.D., S.J.B., P.M.D.), Royal Melbourne Hospital, and the Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health (L.C., N.Y., V.T., H.A., H.M., C.F.B., G.A.D.), University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, the Departments of Neurology (T.J.K.) and Radiology (R.S.), Royal Adelaide Hospital, and the Department of Neurology, Lyell McEwin Hospital (D.F.), Adelaide, SA, the Department of Neurosciences, Eastern Health and Eastern Health Clinical School (H.M.D., C.F.B.), and the Departments of Neurology (H.M., T.G.P.) and Radiology (W. Chong, R.V.C., L.-A.S.), Monash Medical Centre, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, the Departments of Neurology (V.T., M.S.) and Radiology (M.B., H.A.), Austin Hospital, Austin Health, Heidelberg, VIC, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Melbourne, VIC (H.A.), and the Departments of Medicine and Neurology, Melbourne Medical School, University of Melbourne and Western Health, Sunshine Hospital, St. Albans, VIC (T.W.), the Departments of Neurology (D.G.S., H.B.) and Radiology (K.R., D.L.), Princess Alexandra Hospital, and the Departments of Neurology (A.A.W., C.M.) and Radiology (A.C., K. Mitchell, J.C., K. Mahady), Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital and the University of Queensland, Brisbane, the Departments of Neurology (P.B.) and Radiology (H.R., L.V.), Gold Coast University Hospital, Southport, QLD, and the Department of Neurology, Priority Research Centre for Brain and Mental Health Research, John Hunter Hospital, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW (T.A., F.M., C.R.L., C.G.-E., M.W.P.), the Department of Neurology, Royal North Shore Hospital and Kolling Institute, University of Sydney (M.K.), and the Department of Radiology, Royal North Shore Hospital (T.J.H., K.C.F., B.S.S.), St. Leonards, and the Department of Radiology, Westmead Hospital, Sydney (T.J.H., K.C.F., B.S.S.) - all in Australia; and the Departments of Neurology (T.Y.W., J.N.F.) and Radiology (W. Collecutt), Christchurch Hospital, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Carlos Garcia-Esperon
- From the Departments of Medicine and Neurology, Melbourne Brain Centre (B.C.V.C., N.Y., B.Y., T.Y.W., D.G.S., E.R., H.Z., P.S., G.S., M.W.P., S.M.D.), and the Department of Radiology (P.J.M., R.J.D., S.J.B., P.M.D.), Royal Melbourne Hospital, and the Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health (L.C., N.Y., V.T., H.A., H.M., C.F.B., G.A.D.), University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, the Departments of Neurology (T.J.K.) and Radiology (R.S.), Royal Adelaide Hospital, and the Department of Neurology, Lyell McEwin Hospital (D.F.), Adelaide, SA, the Department of Neurosciences, Eastern Health and Eastern Health Clinical School (H.M.D., C.F.B.), and the Departments of Neurology (H.M., T.G.P.) and Radiology (W. Chong, R.V.C., L.-A.S.), Monash Medical Centre, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, the Departments of Neurology (V.T., M.S.) and Radiology (M.B., H.A.), Austin Hospital, Austin Health, Heidelberg, VIC, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Melbourne, VIC (H.A.), and the Departments of Medicine and Neurology, Melbourne Medical School, University of Melbourne and Western Health, Sunshine Hospital, St. Albans, VIC (T.W.), the Departments of Neurology (D.G.S., H.B.) and Radiology (K.R., D.L.), Princess Alexandra Hospital, and the Departments of Neurology (A.A.W., C.M.) and Radiology (A.C., K. Mitchell, J.C., K. Mahady), Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital and the University of Queensland, Brisbane, the Departments of Neurology (P.B.) and Radiology (H.R., L.V.), Gold Coast University Hospital, Southport, QLD, and the Department of Neurology, Priority Research Centre for Brain and Mental Health Research, John Hunter Hospital, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW (T.A., F.M., C.R.L., C.G.-E., M.W.P.), the Department of Neurology, Royal North Shore Hospital and Kolling Institute, University of Sydney (M.K.), and the Department of Radiology, Royal North Shore Hospital (T.J.H., K.C.F., B.S.S.), St. Leonards, and the Department of Radiology, Westmead Hospital, Sydney (T.J.H., K.C.F., B.S.S.) - all in Australia; and the Departments of Neurology (T.Y.W., J.N.F.) and Radiology (W. Collecutt), Christchurch Hospital, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Peter Bailey
- From the Departments of Medicine and Neurology, Melbourne Brain Centre (B.C.V.C., N.Y., B.Y., T.Y.W., D.G.S., E.R., H.Z., P.S., G.S., M.W.P., S.M.D.), and the Department of Radiology (P.J.M., R.J.D., S.J.B., P.M.D.), Royal Melbourne Hospital, and the Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health (L.C., N.Y., V.T., H.A., H.M., C.F.B., G.A.D.), University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, the Departments of Neurology (T.J.K.) and Radiology (R.S.), Royal Adelaide Hospital, and the Department of Neurology, Lyell McEwin Hospital (D.F.), Adelaide, SA, the Department of Neurosciences, Eastern Health and Eastern Health Clinical School (H.M.D., C.F.B.), and the Departments of Neurology (H.M., T.G.P.) and Radiology (W. Chong, R.V.C., L.-A.S.), Monash Medical Centre, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, the Departments of Neurology (V.T., M.S.) and Radiology (M.B., H.A.), Austin Hospital, Austin Health, Heidelberg, VIC, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Melbourne, VIC (H.A.), and the Departments of Medicine and Neurology, Melbourne Medical School, University of Melbourne and Western Health, Sunshine Hospital, St. Albans, VIC (T.W.), the Departments of Neurology (D.G.S., H.B.) and Radiology (K.R., D.L.), Princess Alexandra Hospital, and the Departments of Neurology (A.A.W., C.M.) and Radiology (A.C., K. Mitchell, J.C., K. Mahady), Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital and the University of Queensland, Brisbane, the Departments of Neurology (P.B.) and Radiology (H.R., L.V.), Gold Coast University Hospital, Southport, QLD, and the Department of Neurology, Priority Research Centre for Brain and Mental Health Research, John Hunter Hospital, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW (T.A., F.M., C.R.L., C.G.-E., M.W.P.), the Department of Neurology, Royal North Shore Hospital and Kolling Institute, University of Sydney (M.K.), and the Department of Radiology, Royal North Shore Hospital (T.J.H., K.C.F., B.S.S.), St. Leonards, and the Department of Radiology, Westmead Hospital, Sydney (T.J.H., K.C.F., B.S.S.) - all in Australia; and the Departments of Neurology (T.Y.W., J.N.F.) and Radiology (W. Collecutt), Christchurch Hospital, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Henry Rice
- From the Departments of Medicine and Neurology, Melbourne Brain Centre (B.C.V.C., N.Y., B.Y., T.Y.W., D.G.S., E.R., H.Z., P.S., G.S., M.W.P., S.M.D.), and the Department of Radiology (P.J.M., R.J.D., S.J.B., P.M.D.), Royal Melbourne Hospital, and the Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health (L.C., N.Y., V.T., H.A., H.M., C.F.B., G.A.D.), University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, the Departments of Neurology (T.J.K.) and Radiology (R.S.), Royal Adelaide Hospital, and the Department of Neurology, Lyell McEwin Hospital (D.F.), Adelaide, SA, the Department of Neurosciences, Eastern Health and Eastern Health Clinical School (H.M.D., C.F.B.), and the Departments of Neurology (H.M., T.G.P.) and Radiology (W. Chong, R.V.C., L.-A.S.), Monash Medical Centre, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, the Departments of Neurology (V.T., M.S.) and Radiology (M.B., H.A.), Austin Hospital, Austin Health, Heidelberg, VIC, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Melbourne, VIC (H.A.), and the Departments of Medicine and Neurology, Melbourne Medical School, University of Melbourne and Western Health, Sunshine Hospital, St. Albans, VIC (T.W.), the Departments of Neurology (D.G.S., H.B.) and Radiology (K.R., D.L.), Princess Alexandra Hospital, and the Departments of Neurology (A.A.W., C.M.) and Radiology (A.C., K. Mitchell, J.C., K. Mahady), Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital and the University of Queensland, Brisbane, the Departments of Neurology (P.B.) and Radiology (H.R., L.V.), Gold Coast University Hospital, Southport, QLD, and the Department of Neurology, Priority Research Centre for Brain and Mental Health Research, John Hunter Hospital, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW (T.A., F.M., C.R.L., C.G.-E., M.W.P.), the Department of Neurology, Royal North Shore Hospital and Kolling Institute, University of Sydney (M.K.), and the Department of Radiology, Royal North Shore Hospital (T.J.H., K.C.F., B.S.S.), St. Leonards, and the Department of Radiology, Westmead Hospital, Sydney (T.J.H., K.C.F., B.S.S.) - all in Australia; and the Departments of Neurology (T.Y.W., J.N.F.) and Radiology (W. Collecutt), Christchurch Hospital, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Laetitia de Villiers
- From the Departments of Medicine and Neurology, Melbourne Brain Centre (B.C.V.C., N.Y., B.Y., T.Y.W., D.G.S., E.R., H.Z., P.S., G.S., M.W.P., S.M.D.), and the Department of Radiology (P.J.M., R.J.D., S.J.B., P.M.D.), Royal Melbourne Hospital, and the Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health (L.C., N.Y., V.T., H.A., H.M., C.F.B., G.A.D.), University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, the Departments of Neurology (T.J.K.) and Radiology (R.S.), Royal Adelaide Hospital, and the Department of Neurology, Lyell McEwin Hospital (D.F.), Adelaide, SA, the Department of Neurosciences, Eastern Health and Eastern Health Clinical School (H.M.D., C.F.B.), and the Departments of Neurology (H.M., T.G.P.) and Radiology (W. Chong, R.V.C., L.-A.S.), Monash Medical Centre, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, the Departments of Neurology (V.T., M.S.) and Radiology (M.B., H.A.), Austin Hospital, Austin Health, Heidelberg, VIC, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Melbourne, VIC (H.A.), and the Departments of Medicine and Neurology, Melbourne Medical School, University of Melbourne and Western Health, Sunshine Hospital, St. Albans, VIC (T.W.), the Departments of Neurology (D.G.S., H.B.) and Radiology (K.R., D.L.), Princess Alexandra Hospital, and the Departments of Neurology (A.A.W., C.M.) and Radiology (A.C., K. Mitchell, J.C., K. Mahady), Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital and the University of Queensland, Brisbane, the Departments of Neurology (P.B.) and Radiology (H.R., L.V.), Gold Coast University Hospital, Southport, QLD, and the Department of Neurology, Priority Research Centre for Brain and Mental Health Research, John Hunter Hospital, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW (T.A., F.M., C.R.L., C.G.-E., M.W.P.), the Department of Neurology, Royal North Shore Hospital and Kolling Institute, University of Sydney (M.K.), and the Department of Radiology, Royal North Shore Hospital (T.J.H., K.C.F., B.S.S.), St. Leonards, and the Department of Radiology, Westmead Hospital, Sydney (T.J.H., K.C.F., B.S.S.) - all in Australia; and the Departments of Neurology (T.Y.W., J.N.F.) and Radiology (W. Collecutt), Christchurch Hospital, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Helen Brown
- From the Departments of Medicine and Neurology, Melbourne Brain Centre (B.C.V.C., N.Y., B.Y., T.Y.W., D.G.S., E.R., H.Z., P.S., G.S., M.W.P., S.M.D.), and the Department of Radiology (P.J.M., R.J.D., S.J.B., P.M.D.), Royal Melbourne Hospital, and the Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health (L.C., N.Y., V.T., H.A., H.M., C.F.B., G.A.D.), University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, the Departments of Neurology (T.J.K.) and Radiology (R.S.), Royal Adelaide Hospital, and the Department of Neurology, Lyell McEwin Hospital (D.F.), Adelaide, SA, the Department of Neurosciences, Eastern Health and Eastern Health Clinical School (H.M.D., C.F.B.), and the Departments of Neurology (H.M., T.G.P.) and Radiology (W. Chong, R.V.C., L.-A.S.), Monash Medical Centre, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, the Departments of Neurology (V.T., M.S.) and Radiology (M.B., H.A.), Austin Hospital, Austin Health, Heidelberg, VIC, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Melbourne, VIC (H.A.), and the Departments of Medicine and Neurology, Melbourne Medical School, University of Melbourne and Western Health, Sunshine Hospital, St. Albans, VIC (T.W.), the Departments of Neurology (D.G.S., H.B.) and Radiology (K.R., D.L.), Princess Alexandra Hospital, and the Departments of Neurology (A.A.W., C.M.) and Radiology (A.C., K. Mitchell, J.C., K. Mahady), Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital and the University of Queensland, Brisbane, the Departments of Neurology (P.B.) and Radiology (H.R., L.V.), Gold Coast University Hospital, Southport, QLD, and the Department of Neurology, Priority Research Centre for Brain and Mental Health Research, John Hunter Hospital, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW (T.A., F.M., C.R.L., C.G.-E., M.W.P.), the Department of Neurology, Royal North Shore Hospital and Kolling Institute, University of Sydney (M.K.), and the Department of Radiology, Royal North Shore Hospital (T.J.H., K.C.F., B.S.S.), St. Leonards, and the Department of Radiology, Westmead Hospital, Sydney (T.J.H., K.C.F., B.S.S.) - all in Australia; and the Departments of Neurology (T.Y.W., J.N.F.) and Radiology (W. Collecutt), Christchurch Hospital, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Kendal Redmond
- From the Departments of Medicine and Neurology, Melbourne Brain Centre (B.C.V.C., N.Y., B.Y., T.Y.W., D.G.S., E.R., H.Z., P.S., G.S., M.W.P., S.M.D.), and the Department of Radiology (P.J.M., R.J.D., S.J.B., P.M.D.), Royal Melbourne Hospital, and the Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health (L.C., N.Y., V.T., H.A., H.M., C.F.B., G.A.D.), University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, the Departments of Neurology (T.J.K.) and Radiology (R.S.), Royal Adelaide Hospital, and the Department of Neurology, Lyell McEwin Hospital (D.F.), Adelaide, SA, the Department of Neurosciences, Eastern Health and Eastern Health Clinical School (H.M.D., C.F.B.), and the Departments of Neurology (H.M., T.G.P.) and Radiology (W. Chong, R.V.C., L.-A.S.), Monash Medical Centre, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, the Departments of Neurology (V.T., M.S.) and Radiology (M.B., H.A.), Austin Hospital, Austin Health, Heidelberg, VIC, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Melbourne, VIC (H.A.), and the Departments of Medicine and Neurology, Melbourne Medical School, University of Melbourne and Western Health, Sunshine Hospital, St. Albans, VIC (T.W.), the Departments of Neurology (D.G.S., H.B.) and Radiology (K.R., D.L.), Princess Alexandra Hospital, and the Departments of Neurology (A.A.W., C.M.) and Radiology (A.C., K. Mitchell, J.C., K. Mahady), Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital and the University of Queensland, Brisbane, the Departments of Neurology (P.B.) and Radiology (H.R., L.V.), Gold Coast University Hospital, Southport, QLD, and the Department of Neurology, Priority Research Centre for Brain and Mental Health Research, John Hunter Hospital, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW (T.A., F.M., C.R.L., C.G.-E., M.W.P.), the Department of Neurology, Royal North Shore Hospital and Kolling Institute, University of Sydney (M.K.), and the Department of Radiology, Royal North Shore Hospital (T.J.H., K.C.F., B.S.S.), St. Leonards, and the Department of Radiology, Westmead Hospital, Sydney (T.J.H., K.C.F., B.S.S.) - all in Australia; and the Departments of Neurology (T.Y.W., J.N.F.) and Radiology (W. Collecutt), Christchurch Hospital, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - David Leggett
- From the Departments of Medicine and Neurology, Melbourne Brain Centre (B.C.V.C., N.Y., B.Y., T.Y.W., D.G.S., E.R., H.Z., P.S., G.S., M.W.P., S.M.D.), and the Department of Radiology (P.J.M., R.J.D., S.J.B., P.M.D.), Royal Melbourne Hospital, and the Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health (L.C., N.Y., V.T., H.A., H.M., C.F.B., G.A.D.), University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, the Departments of Neurology (T.J.K.) and Radiology (R.S.), Royal Adelaide Hospital, and the Department of Neurology, Lyell McEwin Hospital (D.F.), Adelaide, SA, the Department of Neurosciences, Eastern Health and Eastern Health Clinical School (H.M.D., C.F.B.), and the Departments of Neurology (H.M., T.G.P.) and Radiology (W. Chong, R.V.C., L.-A.S.), Monash Medical Centre, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, the Departments of Neurology (V.T., M.S.) and Radiology (M.B., H.A.), Austin Hospital, Austin Health, Heidelberg, VIC, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Melbourne, VIC (H.A.), and the Departments of Medicine and Neurology, Melbourne Medical School, University of Melbourne and Western Health, Sunshine Hospital, St. Albans, VIC (T.W.), the Departments of Neurology (D.G.S., H.B.) and Radiology (K.R., D.L.), Princess Alexandra Hospital, and the Departments of Neurology (A.A.W., C.M.) and Radiology (A.C., K. Mitchell, J.C., K. Mahady), Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital and the University of Queensland, Brisbane, the Departments of Neurology (P.B.) and Radiology (H.R., L.V.), Gold Coast University Hospital, Southport, QLD, and the Department of Neurology, Priority Research Centre for Brain and Mental Health Research, John Hunter Hospital, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW (T.A., F.M., C.R.L., C.G.-E., M.W.P.), the Department of Neurology, Royal North Shore Hospital and Kolling Institute, University of Sydney (M.K.), and the Department of Radiology, Royal North Shore Hospital (T.J.H., K.C.F., B.S.S.), St. Leonards, and the Department of Radiology, Westmead Hospital, Sydney (T.J.H., K.C.F., B.S.S.) - all in Australia; and the Departments of Neurology (T.Y.W., J.N.F.) and Radiology (W. Collecutt), Christchurch Hospital, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - John N Fink
- From the Departments of Medicine and Neurology, Melbourne Brain Centre (B.C.V.C., N.Y., B.Y., T.Y.W., D.G.S., E.R., H.Z., P.S., G.S., M.W.P., S.M.D.), and the Department of Radiology (P.J.M., R.J.D., S.J.B., P.M.D.), Royal Melbourne Hospital, and the Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health (L.C., N.Y., V.T., H.A., H.M., C.F.B., G.A.D.), University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, the Departments of Neurology (T.J.K.) and Radiology (R.S.), Royal Adelaide Hospital, and the Department of Neurology, Lyell McEwin Hospital (D.F.), Adelaide, SA, the Department of Neurosciences, Eastern Health and Eastern Health Clinical School (H.M.D., C.F.B.), and the Departments of Neurology (H.M., T.G.P.) and Radiology (W. Chong, R.V.C., L.-A.S.), Monash Medical Centre, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, the Departments of Neurology (V.T., M.S.) and Radiology (M.B., H.A.), Austin Hospital, Austin Health, Heidelberg, VIC, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Melbourne, VIC (H.A.), and the Departments of Medicine and Neurology, Melbourne Medical School, University of Melbourne and Western Health, Sunshine Hospital, St. Albans, VIC (T.W.), the Departments of Neurology (D.G.S., H.B.) and Radiology (K.R., D.L.), Princess Alexandra Hospital, and the Departments of Neurology (A.A.W., C.M.) and Radiology (A.C., K. Mitchell, J.C., K. Mahady), Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital and the University of Queensland, Brisbane, the Departments of Neurology (P.B.) and Radiology (H.R., L.V.), Gold Coast University Hospital, Southport, QLD, and the Department of Neurology, Priority Research Centre for Brain and Mental Health Research, John Hunter Hospital, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW (T.A., F.M., C.R.L., C.G.-E., M.W.P.), the Department of Neurology, Royal North Shore Hospital and Kolling Institute, University of Sydney (M.K.), and the Department of Radiology, Royal North Shore Hospital (T.J.H., K.C.F., B.S.S.), St. Leonards, and the Department of Radiology, Westmead Hospital, Sydney (T.J.H., K.C.F., B.S.S.) - all in Australia; and the Departments of Neurology (T.Y.W., J.N.F.) and Radiology (W. Collecutt), Christchurch Hospital, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Wayne Collecutt
- From the Departments of Medicine and Neurology, Melbourne Brain Centre (B.C.V.C., N.Y., B.Y., T.Y.W., D.G.S., E.R., H.Z., P.S., G.S., M.W.P., S.M.D.), and the Department of Radiology (P.J.M., R.J.D., S.J.B., P.M.D.), Royal Melbourne Hospital, and the Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health (L.C., N.Y., V.T., H.A., H.M., C.F.B., G.A.D.), University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, the Departments of Neurology (T.J.K.) and Radiology (R.S.), Royal Adelaide Hospital, and the Department of Neurology, Lyell McEwin Hospital (D.F.), Adelaide, SA, the Department of Neurosciences, Eastern Health and Eastern Health Clinical School (H.M.D., C.F.B.), and the Departments of Neurology (H.M., T.G.P.) and Radiology (W. Chong, R.V.C., L.-A.S.), Monash Medical Centre, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, the Departments of Neurology (V.T., M.S.) and Radiology (M.B., H.A.), Austin Hospital, Austin Health, Heidelberg, VIC, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Melbourne, VIC (H.A.), and the Departments of Medicine and Neurology, Melbourne Medical School, University of Melbourne and Western Health, Sunshine Hospital, St. Albans, VIC (T.W.), the Departments of Neurology (D.G.S., H.B.) and Radiology (K.R., D.L.), Princess Alexandra Hospital, and the Departments of Neurology (A.A.W., C.M.) and Radiology (A.C., K. Mitchell, J.C., K. Mahady), Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital and the University of Queensland, Brisbane, the Departments of Neurology (P.B.) and Radiology (H.R., L.V.), Gold Coast University Hospital, Southport, QLD, and the Department of Neurology, Priority Research Centre for Brain and Mental Health Research, John Hunter Hospital, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW (T.A., F.M., C.R.L., C.G.-E., M.W.P.), the Department of Neurology, Royal North Shore Hospital and Kolling Institute, University of Sydney (M.K.), and the Department of Radiology, Royal North Shore Hospital (T.J.H., K.C.F., B.S.S.), St. Leonards, and the Department of Radiology, Westmead Hospital, Sydney (T.J.H., K.C.F., B.S.S.) - all in Australia; and the Departments of Neurology (T.Y.W., J.N.F.) and Radiology (W. Collecutt), Christchurch Hospital, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Andrew A Wong
- From the Departments of Medicine and Neurology, Melbourne Brain Centre (B.C.V.C., N.Y., B.Y., T.Y.W., D.G.S., E.R., H.Z., P.S., G.S., M.W.P., S.M.D.), and the Department of Radiology (P.J.M., R.J.D., S.J.B., P.M.D.), Royal Melbourne Hospital, and the Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health (L.C., N.Y., V.T., H.A., H.M., C.F.B., G.A.D.), University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, the Departments of Neurology (T.J.K.) and Radiology (R.S.), Royal Adelaide Hospital, and the Department of Neurology, Lyell McEwin Hospital (D.F.), Adelaide, SA, the Department of Neurosciences, Eastern Health and Eastern Health Clinical School (H.M.D., C.F.B.), and the Departments of Neurology (H.M., T.G.P.) and Radiology (W. Chong, R.V.C., L.-A.S.), Monash Medical Centre, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, the Departments of Neurology (V.T., M.S.) and Radiology (M.B., H.A.), Austin Hospital, Austin Health, Heidelberg, VIC, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Melbourne, VIC (H.A.), and the Departments of Medicine and Neurology, Melbourne Medical School, University of Melbourne and Western Health, Sunshine Hospital, St. Albans, VIC (T.W.), the Departments of Neurology (D.G.S., H.B.) and Radiology (K.R., D.L.), Princess Alexandra Hospital, and the Departments of Neurology (A.A.W., C.M.) and Radiology (A.C., K. Mitchell, J.C., K. Mahady), Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital and the University of Queensland, Brisbane, the Departments of Neurology (P.B.) and Radiology (H.R., L.V.), Gold Coast University Hospital, Southport, QLD, and the Department of Neurology, Priority Research Centre for Brain and Mental Health Research, John Hunter Hospital, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW (T.A., F.M., C.R.L., C.G.-E., M.W.P.), the Department of Neurology, Royal North Shore Hospital and Kolling Institute, University of Sydney (M.K.), and the Department of Radiology, Royal North Shore Hospital (T.J.H., K.C.F., B.S.S.), St. Leonards, and the Department of Radiology, Westmead Hospital, Sydney (T.J.H., K.C.F., B.S.S.) - all in Australia; and the Departments of Neurology (T.Y.W., J.N.F.) and Radiology (W. Collecutt), Christchurch Hospital, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Claire Muller
- From the Departments of Medicine and Neurology, Melbourne Brain Centre (B.C.V.C., N.Y., B.Y., T.Y.W., D.G.S., E.R., H.Z., P.S., G.S., M.W.P., S.M.D.), and the Department of Radiology (P.J.M., R.J.D., S.J.B., P.M.D.), Royal Melbourne Hospital, and the Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health (L.C., N.Y., V.T., H.A., H.M., C.F.B., G.A.D.), University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, the Departments of Neurology (T.J.K.) and Radiology (R.S.), Royal Adelaide Hospital, and the Department of Neurology, Lyell McEwin Hospital (D.F.), Adelaide, SA, the Department of Neurosciences, Eastern Health and Eastern Health Clinical School (H.M.D., C.F.B.), and the Departments of Neurology (H.M., T.G.P.) and Radiology (W. Chong, R.V.C., L.-A.S.), Monash Medical Centre, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, the Departments of Neurology (V.T., M.S.) and Radiology (M.B., H.A.), Austin Hospital, Austin Health, Heidelberg, VIC, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Melbourne, VIC (H.A.), and the Departments of Medicine and Neurology, Melbourne Medical School, University of Melbourne and Western Health, Sunshine Hospital, St. Albans, VIC (T.W.), the Departments of Neurology (D.G.S., H.B.) and Radiology (K.R., D.L.), Princess Alexandra Hospital, and the Departments of Neurology (A.A.W., C.M.) and Radiology (A.C., K. Mitchell, J.C., K. Mahady), Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital and the University of Queensland, Brisbane, the Departments of Neurology (P.B.) and Radiology (H.R., L.V.), Gold Coast University Hospital, Southport, QLD, and the Department of Neurology, Priority Research Centre for Brain and Mental Health Research, John Hunter Hospital, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW (T.A., F.M., C.R.L., C.G.-E., M.W.P.), the Department of Neurology, Royal North Shore Hospital and Kolling Institute, University of Sydney (M.K.), and the Department of Radiology, Royal North Shore Hospital (T.J.H., K.C.F., B.S.S.), St. Leonards, and the Department of Radiology, Westmead Hospital, Sydney (T.J.H., K.C.F., B.S.S.) - all in Australia; and the Departments of Neurology (T.Y.W., J.N.F.) and Radiology (W. Collecutt), Christchurch Hospital, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Alan Coulthard
- From the Departments of Medicine and Neurology, Melbourne Brain Centre (B.C.V.C., N.Y., B.Y., T.Y.W., D.G.S., E.R., H.Z., P.S., G.S., M.W.P., S.M.D.), and the Department of Radiology (P.J.M., R.J.D., S.J.B., P.M.D.), Royal Melbourne Hospital, and the Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health (L.C., N.Y., V.T., H.A., H.M., C.F.B., G.A.D.), University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, the Departments of Neurology (T.J.K.) and Radiology (R.S.), Royal Adelaide Hospital, and the Department of Neurology, Lyell McEwin Hospital (D.F.), Adelaide, SA, the Department of Neurosciences, Eastern Health and Eastern Health Clinical School (H.M.D., C.F.B.), and the Departments of Neurology (H.M., T.G.P.) and Radiology (W. Chong, R.V.C., L.-A.S.), Monash Medical Centre, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, the Departments of Neurology (V.T., M.S.) and Radiology (M.B., H.A.), Austin Hospital, Austin Health, Heidelberg, VIC, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Melbourne, VIC (H.A.), and the Departments of Medicine and Neurology, Melbourne Medical School, University of Melbourne and Western Health, Sunshine Hospital, St. Albans, VIC (T.W.), the Departments of Neurology (D.G.S., H.B.) and Radiology (K.R., D.L.), Princess Alexandra Hospital, and the Departments of Neurology (A.A.W., C.M.) and Radiology (A.C., K. Mitchell, J.C., K. Mahady), Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital and the University of Queensland, Brisbane, the Departments of Neurology (P.B.) and Radiology (H.R., L.V.), Gold Coast University Hospital, Southport, QLD, and the Department of Neurology, Priority Research Centre for Brain and Mental Health Research, John Hunter Hospital, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW (T.A., F.M., C.R.L., C.G.-E., M.W.P.), the Department of Neurology, Royal North Shore Hospital and Kolling Institute, University of Sydney (M.K.), and the Department of Radiology, Royal North Shore Hospital (T.J.H., K.C.F., B.S.S.), St. Leonards, and the Department of Radiology, Westmead Hospital, Sydney (T.J.H., K.C.F., B.S.S.) - all in Australia; and the Departments of Neurology (T.Y.W., J.N.F.) and Radiology (W. Collecutt), Christchurch Hospital, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Ken Mitchell
- From the Departments of Medicine and Neurology, Melbourne Brain Centre (B.C.V.C., N.Y., B.Y., T.Y.W., D.G.S., E.R., H.Z., P.S., G.S., M.W.P., S.M.D.), and the Department of Radiology (P.J.M., R.J.D., S.J.B., P.M.D.), Royal Melbourne Hospital, and the Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health (L.C., N.Y., V.T., H.A., H.M., C.F.B., G.A.D.), University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, the Departments of Neurology (T.J.K.) and Radiology (R.S.), Royal Adelaide Hospital, and the Department of Neurology, Lyell McEwin Hospital (D.F.), Adelaide, SA, the Department of Neurosciences, Eastern Health and Eastern Health Clinical School (H.M.D., C.F.B.), and the Departments of Neurology (H.M., T.G.P.) and Radiology (W. Chong, R.V.C., L.-A.S.), Monash Medical Centre, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, the Departments of Neurology (V.T., M.S.) and Radiology (M.B., H.A.), Austin Hospital, Austin Health, Heidelberg, VIC, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Melbourne, VIC (H.A.), and the Departments of Medicine and Neurology, Melbourne Medical School, University of Melbourne and Western Health, Sunshine Hospital, St. Albans, VIC (T.W.), the Departments of Neurology (D.G.S., H.B.) and Radiology (K.R., D.L.), Princess Alexandra Hospital, and the Departments of Neurology (A.A.W., C.M.) and Radiology (A.C., K. Mitchell, J.C., K. Mahady), Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital and the University of Queensland, Brisbane, the Departments of Neurology (P.B.) and Radiology (H.R., L.V.), Gold Coast University Hospital, Southport, QLD, and the Department of Neurology, Priority Research Centre for Brain and Mental Health Research, John Hunter Hospital, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW (T.A., F.M., C.R.L., C.G.-E., M.W.P.), the Department of Neurology, Royal North Shore Hospital and Kolling Institute, University of Sydney (M.K.), and the Department of Radiology, Royal North Shore Hospital (T.J.H., K.C.F., B.S.S.), St. Leonards, and the Department of Radiology, Westmead Hospital, Sydney (T.J.H., K.C.F., B.S.S.) - all in Australia; and the Departments of Neurology (T.Y.W., J.N.F.) and Radiology (W. Collecutt), Christchurch Hospital, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - John Clouston
- From the Departments of Medicine and Neurology, Melbourne Brain Centre (B.C.V.C., N.Y., B.Y., T.Y.W., D.G.S., E.R., H.Z., P.S., G.S., M.W.P., S.M.D.), and the Department of Radiology (P.J.M., R.J.D., S.J.B., P.M.D.), Royal Melbourne Hospital, and the Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health (L.C., N.Y., V.T., H.A., H.M., C.F.B., G.A.D.), University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, the Departments of Neurology (T.J.K.) and Radiology (R.S.), Royal Adelaide Hospital, and the Department of Neurology, Lyell McEwin Hospital (D.F.), Adelaide, SA, the Department of Neurosciences, Eastern Health and Eastern Health Clinical School (H.M.D., C.F.B.), and the Departments of Neurology (H.M., T.G.P.) and Radiology (W. Chong, R.V.C., L.-A.S.), Monash Medical Centre, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, the Departments of Neurology (V.T., M.S.) and Radiology (M.B., H.A.), Austin Hospital, Austin Health, Heidelberg, VIC, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Melbourne, VIC (H.A.), and the Departments of Medicine and Neurology, Melbourne Medical School, University of Melbourne and Western Health, Sunshine Hospital, St. Albans, VIC (T.W.), the Departments of Neurology (D.G.S., H.B.) and Radiology (K.R., D.L.), Princess Alexandra Hospital, and the Departments of Neurology (A.A.W., C.M.) and Radiology (A.C., K. Mitchell, J.C., K. Mahady), Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital and the University of Queensland, Brisbane, the Departments of Neurology (P.B.) and Radiology (H.R., L.V.), Gold Coast University Hospital, Southport, QLD, and the Department of Neurology, Priority Research Centre for Brain and Mental Health Research, John Hunter Hospital, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW (T.A., F.M., C.R.L., C.G.-E., M.W.P.), the Department of Neurology, Royal North Shore Hospital and Kolling Institute, University of Sydney (M.K.), and the Department of Radiology, Royal North Shore Hospital (T.J.H., K.C.F., B.S.S.), St. Leonards, and the Department of Radiology, Westmead Hospital, Sydney (T.J.H., K.C.F., B.S.S.) - all in Australia; and the Departments of Neurology (T.Y.W., J.N.F.) and Radiology (W. Collecutt), Christchurch Hospital, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Kate Mahady
- From the Departments of Medicine and Neurology, Melbourne Brain Centre (B.C.V.C., N.Y., B.Y., T.Y.W., D.G.S., E.R., H.Z., P.S., G.S., M.W.P., S.M.D.), and the Department of Radiology (P.J.M., R.J.D., S.J.B., P.M.D.), Royal Melbourne Hospital, and the Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health (L.C., N.Y., V.T., H.A., H.M., C.F.B., G.A.D.), University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, the Departments of Neurology (T.J.K.) and Radiology (R.S.), Royal Adelaide Hospital, and the Department of Neurology, Lyell McEwin Hospital (D.F.), Adelaide, SA, the Department of Neurosciences, Eastern Health and Eastern Health Clinical School (H.M.D., C.F.B.), and the Departments of Neurology (H.M., T.G.P.) and Radiology (W. Chong, R.V.C., L.-A.S.), Monash Medical Centre, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, the Departments of Neurology (V.T., M.S.) and Radiology (M.B., H.A.), Austin Hospital, Austin Health, Heidelberg, VIC, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Melbourne, VIC (H.A.), and the Departments of Medicine and Neurology, Melbourne Medical School, University of Melbourne and Western Health, Sunshine Hospital, St. Albans, VIC (T.W.), the Departments of Neurology (D.G.S., H.B.) and Radiology (K.R., D.L.), Princess Alexandra Hospital, and the Departments of Neurology (A.A.W., C.M.) and Radiology (A.C., K. Mitchell, J.C., K. Mahady), Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital and the University of Queensland, Brisbane, the Departments of Neurology (P.B.) and Radiology (H.R., L.V.), Gold Coast University Hospital, Southport, QLD, and the Department of Neurology, Priority Research Centre for Brain and Mental Health Research, John Hunter Hospital, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW (T.A., F.M., C.R.L., C.G.-E., M.W.P.), the Department of Neurology, Royal North Shore Hospital and Kolling Institute, University of Sydney (M.K.), and the Department of Radiology, Royal North Shore Hospital (T.J.H., K.C.F., B.S.S.), St. Leonards, and the Department of Radiology, Westmead Hospital, Sydney (T.J.H., K.C.F., B.S.S.) - all in Australia; and the Departments of Neurology (T.Y.W., J.N.F.) and Radiology (W. Collecutt), Christchurch Hospital, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Deborah Field
- From the Departments of Medicine and Neurology, Melbourne Brain Centre (B.C.V.C., N.Y., B.Y., T.Y.W., D.G.S., E.R., H.Z., P.S., G.S., M.W.P., S.M.D.), and the Department of Radiology (P.J.M., R.J.D., S.J.B., P.M.D.), Royal Melbourne Hospital, and the Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health (L.C., N.Y., V.T., H.A., H.M., C.F.B., G.A.D.), University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, the Departments of Neurology (T.J.K.) and Radiology (R.S.), Royal Adelaide Hospital, and the Department of Neurology, Lyell McEwin Hospital (D.F.), Adelaide, SA, the Department of Neurosciences, Eastern Health and Eastern Health Clinical School (H.M.D., C.F.B.), and the Departments of Neurology (H.M., T.G.P.) and Radiology (W. Chong, R.V.C., L.-A.S.), Monash Medical Centre, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, the Departments of Neurology (V.T., M.S.) and Radiology (M.B., H.A.), Austin Hospital, Austin Health, Heidelberg, VIC, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Melbourne, VIC (H.A.), and the Departments of Medicine and Neurology, Melbourne Medical School, University of Melbourne and Western Health, Sunshine Hospital, St. Albans, VIC (T.W.), the Departments of Neurology (D.G.S., H.B.) and Radiology (K.R., D.L.), Princess Alexandra Hospital, and the Departments of Neurology (A.A.W., C.M.) and Radiology (A.C., K. Mitchell, J.C., K. Mahady), Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital and the University of Queensland, Brisbane, the Departments of Neurology (P.B.) and Radiology (H.R., L.V.), Gold Coast University Hospital, Southport, QLD, and the Department of Neurology, Priority Research Centre for Brain and Mental Health Research, John Hunter Hospital, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW (T.A., F.M., C.R.L., C.G.-E., M.W.P.), the Department of Neurology, Royal North Shore Hospital and Kolling Institute, University of Sydney (M.K.), and the Department of Radiology, Royal North Shore Hospital (T.J.H., K.C.F., B.S.S.), St. Leonards, and the Department of Radiology, Westmead Hospital, Sydney (T.J.H., K.C.F., B.S.S.) - all in Australia; and the Departments of Neurology (T.Y.W., J.N.F.) and Radiology (W. Collecutt), Christchurch Hospital, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Henry Ma
- From the Departments of Medicine and Neurology, Melbourne Brain Centre (B.C.V.C., N.Y., B.Y., T.Y.W., D.G.S., E.R., H.Z., P.S., G.S., M.W.P., S.M.D.), and the Department of Radiology (P.J.M., R.J.D., S.J.B., P.M.D.), Royal Melbourne Hospital, and the Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health (L.C., N.Y., V.T., H.A., H.M., C.F.B., G.A.D.), University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, the Departments of Neurology (T.J.K.) and Radiology (R.S.), Royal Adelaide Hospital, and the Department of Neurology, Lyell McEwin Hospital (D.F.), Adelaide, SA, the Department of Neurosciences, Eastern Health and Eastern Health Clinical School (H.M.D., C.F.B.), and the Departments of Neurology (H.M., T.G.P.) and Radiology (W. Chong, R.V.C., L.-A.S.), Monash Medical Centre, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, the Departments of Neurology (V.T., M.S.) and Radiology (M.B., H.A.), Austin Hospital, Austin Health, Heidelberg, VIC, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Melbourne, VIC (H.A.), and the Departments of Medicine and Neurology, Melbourne Medical School, University of Melbourne and Western Health, Sunshine Hospital, St. Albans, VIC (T.W.), the Departments of Neurology (D.G.S., H.B.) and Radiology (K.R., D.L.), Princess Alexandra Hospital, and the Departments of Neurology (A.A.W., C.M.) and Radiology (A.C., K. Mitchell, J.C., K. Mahady), Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital and the University of Queensland, Brisbane, the Departments of Neurology (P.B.) and Radiology (H.R., L.V.), Gold Coast University Hospital, Southport, QLD, and the Department of Neurology, Priority Research Centre for Brain and Mental Health Research, John Hunter Hospital, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW (T.A., F.M., C.R.L., C.G.-E., M.W.P.), the Department of Neurology, Royal North Shore Hospital and Kolling Institute, University of Sydney (M.K.), and the Department of Radiology, Royal North Shore Hospital (T.J.H., K.C.F., B.S.S.), St. Leonards, and the Department of Radiology, Westmead Hospital, Sydney (T.J.H., K.C.F., B.S.S.) - all in Australia; and the Departments of Neurology (T.Y.W., J.N.F.) and Radiology (W. Collecutt), Christchurch Hospital, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Thanh G Phan
- From the Departments of Medicine and Neurology, Melbourne Brain Centre (B.C.V.C., N.Y., B.Y., T.Y.W., D.G.S., E.R., H.Z., P.S., G.S., M.W.P., S.M.D.), and the Department of Radiology (P.J.M., R.J.D., S.J.B., P.M.D.), Royal Melbourne Hospital, and the Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health (L.C., N.Y., V.T., H.A., H.M., C.F.B., G.A.D.), University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, the Departments of Neurology (T.J.K.) and Radiology (R.S.), Royal Adelaide Hospital, and the Department of Neurology, Lyell McEwin Hospital (D.F.), Adelaide, SA, the Department of Neurosciences, Eastern Health and Eastern Health Clinical School (H.M.D., C.F.B.), and the Departments of Neurology (H.M., T.G.P.) and Radiology (W. Chong, R.V.C., L.-A.S.), Monash Medical Centre, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, the Departments of Neurology (V.T., M.S.) and Radiology (M.B., H.A.), Austin Hospital, Austin Health, Heidelberg, VIC, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Melbourne, VIC (H.A.), and the Departments of Medicine and Neurology, Melbourne Medical School, University of Melbourne and Western Health, Sunshine Hospital, St. Albans, VIC (T.W.), the Departments of Neurology (D.G.S., H.B.) and Radiology (K.R., D.L.), Princess Alexandra Hospital, and the Departments of Neurology (A.A.W., C.M.) and Radiology (A.C., K. Mitchell, J.C., K. Mahady), Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital and the University of Queensland, Brisbane, the Departments of Neurology (P.B.) and Radiology (H.R., L.V.), Gold Coast University Hospital, Southport, QLD, and the Department of Neurology, Priority Research Centre for Brain and Mental Health Research, John Hunter Hospital, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW (T.A., F.M., C.R.L., C.G.-E., M.W.P.), the Department of Neurology, Royal North Shore Hospital and Kolling Institute, University of Sydney (M.K.), and the Department of Radiology, Royal North Shore Hospital (T.J.H., K.C.F., B.S.S.), St. Leonards, and the Department of Radiology, Westmead Hospital, Sydney (T.J.H., K.C.F., B.S.S.) - all in Australia; and the Departments of Neurology (T.Y.W., J.N.F.) and Radiology (W. Collecutt), Christchurch Hospital, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Winston Chong
- From the Departments of Medicine and Neurology, Melbourne Brain Centre (B.C.V.C., N.Y., B.Y., T.Y.W., D.G.S., E.R., H.Z., P.S., G.S., M.W.P., S.M.D.), and the Department of Radiology (P.J.M., R.J.D., S.J.B., P.M.D.), Royal Melbourne Hospital, and the Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health (L.C., N.Y., V.T., H.A., H.M., C.F.B., G.A.D.), University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, the Departments of Neurology (T.J.K.) and Radiology (R.S.), Royal Adelaide Hospital, and the Department of Neurology, Lyell McEwin Hospital (D.F.), Adelaide, SA, the Department of Neurosciences, Eastern Health and Eastern Health Clinical School (H.M.D., C.F.B.), and the Departments of Neurology (H.M., T.G.P.) and Radiology (W. Chong, R.V.C., L.-A.S.), Monash Medical Centre, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, the Departments of Neurology (V.T., M.S.) and Radiology (M.B., H.A.), Austin Hospital, Austin Health, Heidelberg, VIC, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Melbourne, VIC (H.A.), and the Departments of Medicine and Neurology, Melbourne Medical School, University of Melbourne and Western Health, Sunshine Hospital, St. Albans, VIC (T.W.), the Departments of Neurology (D.G.S., H.B.) and Radiology (K.R., D.L.), Princess Alexandra Hospital, and the Departments of Neurology (A.A.W., C.M.) and Radiology (A.C., K. Mitchell, J.C., K. Mahady), Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital and the University of Queensland, Brisbane, the Departments of Neurology (P.B.) and Radiology (H.R., L.V.), Gold Coast University Hospital, Southport, QLD, and the Department of Neurology, Priority Research Centre for Brain and Mental Health Research, John Hunter Hospital, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW (T.A., F.M., C.R.L., C.G.-E., M.W.P.), the Department of Neurology, Royal North Shore Hospital and Kolling Institute, University of Sydney (M.K.), and the Department of Radiology, Royal North Shore Hospital (T.J.H., K.C.F., B.S.S.), St. Leonards, and the Department of Radiology, Westmead Hospital, Sydney (T.J.H., K.C.F., B.S.S.) - all in Australia; and the Departments of Neurology (T.Y.W., J.N.F.) and Radiology (W. Collecutt), Christchurch Hospital, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Ronil V Chandra
- From the Departments of Medicine and Neurology, Melbourne Brain Centre (B.C.V.C., N.Y., B.Y., T.Y.W., D.G.S., E.R., H.Z., P.S., G.S., M.W.P., S.M.D.), and the Department of Radiology (P.J.M., R.J.D., S.J.B., P.M.D.), Royal Melbourne Hospital, and the Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health (L.C., N.Y., V.T., H.A., H.M., C.F.B., G.A.D.), University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, the Departments of Neurology (T.J.K.) and Radiology (R.S.), Royal Adelaide Hospital, and the Department of Neurology, Lyell McEwin Hospital (D.F.), Adelaide, SA, the Department of Neurosciences, Eastern Health and Eastern Health Clinical School (H.M.D., C.F.B.), and the Departments of Neurology (H.M., T.G.P.) and Radiology (W. Chong, R.V.C., L.-A.S.), Monash Medical Centre, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, the Departments of Neurology (V.T., M.S.) and Radiology (M.B., H.A.), Austin Hospital, Austin Health, Heidelberg, VIC, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Melbourne, VIC (H.A.), and the Departments of Medicine and Neurology, Melbourne Medical School, University of Melbourne and Western Health, Sunshine Hospital, St. Albans, VIC (T.W.), the Departments of Neurology (D.G.S., H.B.) and Radiology (K.R., D.L.), Princess Alexandra Hospital, and the Departments of Neurology (A.A.W., C.M.) and Radiology (A.C., K. Mitchell, J.C., K. Mahady), Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital and the University of Queensland, Brisbane, the Departments of Neurology (P.B.) and Radiology (H.R., L.V.), Gold Coast University Hospital, Southport, QLD, and the Department of Neurology, Priority Research Centre for Brain and Mental Health Research, John Hunter Hospital, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW (T.A., F.M., C.R.L., C.G.-E., M.W.P.), the Department of Neurology, Royal North Shore Hospital and Kolling Institute, University of Sydney (M.K.), and the Department of Radiology, Royal North Shore Hospital (T.J.H., K.C.F., B.S.S.), St. Leonards, and the Department of Radiology, Westmead Hospital, Sydney (T.J.H., K.C.F., B.S.S.) - all in Australia; and the Departments of Neurology (T.Y.W., J.N.F.) and Radiology (W. Collecutt), Christchurch Hospital, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Lee-Anne Slater
- From the Departments of Medicine and Neurology, Melbourne Brain Centre (B.C.V.C., N.Y., B.Y., T.Y.W., D.G.S., E.R., H.Z., P.S., G.S., M.W.P., S.M.D.), and the Department of Radiology (P.J.M., R.J.D., S.J.B., P.M.D.), Royal Melbourne Hospital, and the Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health (L.C., N.Y., V.T., H.A., H.M., C.F.B., G.A.D.), University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, the Departments of Neurology (T.J.K.) and Radiology (R.S.), Royal Adelaide Hospital, and the Department of Neurology, Lyell McEwin Hospital (D.F.), Adelaide, SA, the Department of Neurosciences, Eastern Health and Eastern Health Clinical School (H.M.D., C.F.B.), and the Departments of Neurology (H.M., T.G.P.) and Radiology (W. Chong, R.V.C., L.-A.S.), Monash Medical Centre, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, the Departments of Neurology (V.T., M.S.) and Radiology (M.B., H.A.), Austin Hospital, Austin Health, Heidelberg, VIC, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Melbourne, VIC (H.A.), and the Departments of Medicine and Neurology, Melbourne Medical School, University of Melbourne and Western Health, Sunshine Hospital, St. Albans, VIC (T.W.), the Departments of Neurology (D.G.S., H.B.) and Radiology (K.R., D.L.), Princess Alexandra Hospital, and the Departments of Neurology (A.A.W., C.M.) and Radiology (A.C., K. Mitchell, J.C., K. Mahady), Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital and the University of Queensland, Brisbane, the Departments of Neurology (P.B.) and Radiology (H.R., L.V.), Gold Coast University Hospital, Southport, QLD, and the Department of Neurology, Priority Research Centre for Brain and Mental Health Research, John Hunter Hospital, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW (T.A., F.M., C.R.L., C.G.-E., M.W.P.), the Department of Neurology, Royal North Shore Hospital and Kolling Institute, University of Sydney (M.K.), and the Department of Radiology, Royal North Shore Hospital (T.J.H., K.C.F., B.S.S.), St. Leonards, and the Department of Radiology, Westmead Hospital, Sydney (T.J.H., K.C.F., B.S.S.) - all in Australia; and the Departments of Neurology (T.Y.W., J.N.F.) and Radiology (W. Collecutt), Christchurch Hospital, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Martin Krause
- From the Departments of Medicine and Neurology, Melbourne Brain Centre (B.C.V.C., N.Y., B.Y., T.Y.W., D.G.S., E.R., H.Z., P.S., G.S., M.W.P., S.M.D.), and the Department of Radiology (P.J.M., R.J.D., S.J.B., P.M.D.), Royal Melbourne Hospital, and the Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health (L.C., N.Y., V.T., H.A., H.M., C.F.B., G.A.D.), University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, the Departments of Neurology (T.J.K.) and Radiology (R.S.), Royal Adelaide Hospital, and the Department of Neurology, Lyell McEwin Hospital (D.F.), Adelaide, SA, the Department of Neurosciences, Eastern Health and Eastern Health Clinical School (H.M.D., C.F.B.), and the Departments of Neurology (H.M., T.G.P.) and Radiology (W. Chong, R.V.C., L.-A.S.), Monash Medical Centre, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, the Departments of Neurology (V.T., M.S.) and Radiology (M.B., H.A.), Austin Hospital, Austin Health, Heidelberg, VIC, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Melbourne, VIC (H.A.), and the Departments of Medicine and Neurology, Melbourne Medical School, University of Melbourne and Western Health, Sunshine Hospital, St. Albans, VIC (T.W.), the Departments of Neurology (D.G.S., H.B.) and Radiology (K.R., D.L.), Princess Alexandra Hospital, and the Departments of Neurology (A.A.W., C.M.) and Radiology (A.C., K. Mitchell, J.C., K. Mahady), Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital and the University of Queensland, Brisbane, the Departments of Neurology (P.B.) and Radiology (H.R., L.V.), Gold Coast University Hospital, Southport, QLD, and the Department of Neurology, Priority Research Centre for Brain and Mental Health Research, John Hunter Hospital, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW (T.A., F.M., C.R.L., C.G.-E., M.W.P.), the Department of Neurology, Royal North Shore Hospital and Kolling Institute, University of Sydney (M.K.), and the Department of Radiology, Royal North Shore Hospital (T.J.H., K.C.F., B.S.S.), St. Leonards, and the Department of Radiology, Westmead Hospital, Sydney (T.J.H., K.C.F., B.S.S.) - all in Australia; and the Departments of Neurology (T.Y.W., J.N.F.) and Radiology (W. Collecutt), Christchurch Hospital, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Timothy J Harrington
- From the Departments of Medicine and Neurology, Melbourne Brain Centre (B.C.V.C., N.Y., B.Y., T.Y.W., D.G.S., E.R., H.Z., P.S., G.S., M.W.P., S.M.D.), and the Department of Radiology (P.J.M., R.J.D., S.J.B., P.M.D.), Royal Melbourne Hospital, and the Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health (L.C., N.Y., V.T., H.A., H.M., C.F.B., G.A.D.), University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, the Departments of Neurology (T.J.K.) and Radiology (R.S.), Royal Adelaide Hospital, and the Department of Neurology, Lyell McEwin Hospital (D.F.), Adelaide, SA, the Department of Neurosciences, Eastern Health and Eastern Health Clinical School (H.M.D., C.F.B.), and the Departments of Neurology (H.M., T.G.P.) and Radiology (W. Chong, R.V.C., L.-A.S.), Monash Medical Centre, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, the Departments of Neurology (V.T., M.S.) and Radiology (M.B., H.A.), Austin Hospital, Austin Health, Heidelberg, VIC, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Melbourne, VIC (H.A.), and the Departments of Medicine and Neurology, Melbourne Medical School, University of Melbourne and Western Health, Sunshine Hospital, St. Albans, VIC (T.W.), the Departments of Neurology (D.G.S., H.B.) and Radiology (K.R., D.L.), Princess Alexandra Hospital, and the Departments of Neurology (A.A.W., C.M.) and Radiology (A.C., K. Mitchell, J.C., K. Mahady), Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital and the University of Queensland, Brisbane, the Departments of Neurology (P.B.) and Radiology (H.R., L.V.), Gold Coast University Hospital, Southport, QLD, and the Department of Neurology, Priority Research Centre for Brain and Mental Health Research, John Hunter Hospital, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW (T.A., F.M., C.R.L., C.G.-E., M.W.P.), the Department of Neurology, Royal North Shore Hospital and Kolling Institute, University of Sydney (M.K.), and the Department of Radiology, Royal North Shore Hospital (T.J.H., K.C.F., B.S.S.), St. Leonards, and the Department of Radiology, Westmead Hospital, Sydney (T.J.H., K.C.F., B.S.S.) - all in Australia; and the Departments of Neurology (T.Y.W., J.N.F.) and Radiology (W. Collecutt), Christchurch Hospital, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Kenneth C Faulder
- From the Departments of Medicine and Neurology, Melbourne Brain Centre (B.C.V.C., N.Y., B.Y., T.Y.W., D.G.S., E.R., H.Z., P.S., G.S., M.W.P., S.M.D.), and the Department of Radiology (P.J.M., R.J.D., S.J.B., P.M.D.), Royal Melbourne Hospital, and the Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health (L.C., N.Y., V.T., H.A., H.M., C.F.B., G.A.D.), University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, the Departments of Neurology (T.J.K.) and Radiology (R.S.), Royal Adelaide Hospital, and the Department of Neurology, Lyell McEwin Hospital (D.F.), Adelaide, SA, the Department of Neurosciences, Eastern Health and Eastern Health Clinical School (H.M.D., C.F.B.), and the Departments of Neurology (H.M., T.G.P.) and Radiology (W. Chong, R.V.C., L.-A.S.), Monash Medical Centre, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, the Departments of Neurology (V.T., M.S.) and Radiology (M.B., H.A.), Austin Hospital, Austin Health, Heidelberg, VIC, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Melbourne, VIC (H.A.), and the Departments of Medicine and Neurology, Melbourne Medical School, University of Melbourne and Western Health, Sunshine Hospital, St. Albans, VIC (T.W.), the Departments of Neurology (D.G.S., H.B.) and Radiology (K.R., D.L.), Princess Alexandra Hospital, and the Departments of Neurology (A.A.W., C.M.) and Radiology (A.C., K. Mitchell, J.C., K. Mahady), Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital and the University of Queensland, Brisbane, the Departments of Neurology (P.B.) and Radiology (H.R., L.V.), Gold Coast University Hospital, Southport, QLD, and the Department of Neurology, Priority Research Centre for Brain and Mental Health Research, John Hunter Hospital, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW (T.A., F.M., C.R.L., C.G.-E., M.W.P.), the Department of Neurology, Royal North Shore Hospital and Kolling Institute, University of Sydney (M.K.), and the Department of Radiology, Royal North Shore Hospital (T.J.H., K.C.F., B.S.S.), St. Leonards, and the Department of Radiology, Westmead Hospital, Sydney (T.J.H., K.C.F., B.S.S.) - all in Australia; and the Departments of Neurology (T.Y.W., J.N.F.) and Radiology (W. Collecutt), Christchurch Hospital, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Brendan S Steinfort
- From the Departments of Medicine and Neurology, Melbourne Brain Centre (B.C.V.C., N.Y., B.Y., T.Y.W., D.G.S., E.R., H.Z., P.S., G.S., M.W.P., S.M.D.), and the Department of Radiology (P.J.M., R.J.D., S.J.B., P.M.D.), Royal Melbourne Hospital, and the Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health (L.C., N.Y., V.T., H.A., H.M., C.F.B., G.A.D.), University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, the Departments of Neurology (T.J.K.) and Radiology (R.S.), Royal Adelaide Hospital, and the Department of Neurology, Lyell McEwin Hospital (D.F.), Adelaide, SA, the Department of Neurosciences, Eastern Health and Eastern Health Clinical School (H.M.D., C.F.B.), and the Departments of Neurology (H.M., T.G.P.) and Radiology (W. Chong, R.V.C., L.-A.S.), Monash Medical Centre, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, the Departments of Neurology (V.T., M.S.) and Radiology (M.B., H.A.), Austin Hospital, Austin Health, Heidelberg, VIC, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Melbourne, VIC (H.A.), and the Departments of Medicine and Neurology, Melbourne Medical School, University of Melbourne and Western Health, Sunshine Hospital, St. Albans, VIC (T.W.), the Departments of Neurology (D.G.S., H.B.) and Radiology (K.R., D.L.), Princess Alexandra Hospital, and the Departments of Neurology (A.A.W., C.M.) and Radiology (A.C., K. Mitchell, J.C., K. Mahady), Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital and the University of Queensland, Brisbane, the Departments of Neurology (P.B.) and Radiology (H.R., L.V.), Gold Coast University Hospital, Southport, QLD, and the Department of Neurology, Priority Research Centre for Brain and Mental Health Research, John Hunter Hospital, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW (T.A., F.M., C.R.L., C.G.-E., M.W.P.), the Department of Neurology, Royal North Shore Hospital and Kolling Institute, University of Sydney (M.K.), and the Department of Radiology, Royal North Shore Hospital (T.J.H., K.C.F., B.S.S.), St. Leonards, and the Department of Radiology, Westmead Hospital, Sydney (T.J.H., K.C.F., B.S.S.) - all in Australia; and the Departments of Neurology (T.Y.W., J.N.F.) and Radiology (W. Collecutt), Christchurch Hospital, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Christopher F Bladin
- From the Departments of Medicine and Neurology, Melbourne Brain Centre (B.C.V.C., N.Y., B.Y., T.Y.W., D.G.S., E.R., H.Z., P.S., G.S., M.W.P., S.M.D.), and the Department of Radiology (P.J.M., R.J.D., S.J.B., P.M.D.), Royal Melbourne Hospital, and the Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health (L.C., N.Y., V.T., H.A., H.M., C.F.B., G.A.D.), University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, the Departments of Neurology (T.J.K.) and Radiology (R.S.), Royal Adelaide Hospital, and the Department of Neurology, Lyell McEwin Hospital (D.F.), Adelaide, SA, the Department of Neurosciences, Eastern Health and Eastern Health Clinical School (H.M.D., C.F.B.), and the Departments of Neurology (H.M., T.G.P.) and Radiology (W. Chong, R.V.C., L.-A.S.), Monash Medical Centre, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, the Departments of Neurology (V.T., M.S.) and Radiology (M.B., H.A.), Austin Hospital, Austin Health, Heidelberg, VIC, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Melbourne, VIC (H.A.), and the Departments of Medicine and Neurology, Melbourne Medical School, University of Melbourne and Western Health, Sunshine Hospital, St. Albans, VIC (T.W.), the Departments of Neurology (D.G.S., H.B.) and Radiology (K.R., D.L.), Princess Alexandra Hospital, and the Departments of Neurology (A.A.W., C.M.) and Radiology (A.C., K. Mitchell, J.C., K. Mahady), Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital and the University of Queensland, Brisbane, the Departments of Neurology (P.B.) and Radiology (H.R., L.V.), Gold Coast University Hospital, Southport, QLD, and the Department of Neurology, Priority Research Centre for Brain and Mental Health Research, John Hunter Hospital, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW (T.A., F.M., C.R.L., C.G.-E., M.W.P.), the Department of Neurology, Royal North Shore Hospital and Kolling Institute, University of Sydney (M.K.), and the Department of Radiology, Royal North Shore Hospital (T.J.H., K.C.F., B.S.S.), St. Leonards, and the Department of Radiology, Westmead Hospital, Sydney (T.J.H., K.C.F., B.S.S.) - all in Australia; and the Departments of Neurology (T.Y.W., J.N.F.) and Radiology (W. Collecutt), Christchurch Hospital, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Gagan Sharma
- From the Departments of Medicine and Neurology, Melbourne Brain Centre (B.C.V.C., N.Y., B.Y., T.Y.W., D.G.S., E.R., H.Z., P.S., G.S., M.W.P., S.M.D.), and the Department of Radiology (P.J.M., R.J.D., S.J.B., P.M.D.), Royal Melbourne Hospital, and the Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health (L.C., N.Y., V.T., H.A., H.M., C.F.B., G.A.D.), University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, the Departments of Neurology (T.J.K.) and Radiology (R.S.), Royal Adelaide Hospital, and the Department of Neurology, Lyell McEwin Hospital (D.F.), Adelaide, SA, the Department of Neurosciences, Eastern Health and Eastern Health Clinical School (H.M.D., C.F.B.), and the Departments of Neurology (H.M., T.G.P.) and Radiology (W. Chong, R.V.C., L.-A.S.), Monash Medical Centre, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, the Departments of Neurology (V.T., M.S.) and Radiology (M.B., H.A.), Austin Hospital, Austin Health, Heidelberg, VIC, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Melbourne, VIC (H.A.), and the Departments of Medicine and Neurology, Melbourne Medical School, University of Melbourne and Western Health, Sunshine Hospital, St. Albans, VIC (T.W.), the Departments of Neurology (D.G.S., H.B.) and Radiology (K.R., D.L.), Princess Alexandra Hospital, and the Departments of Neurology (A.A.W., C.M.) and Radiology (A.C., K. Mitchell, J.C., K. Mahady), Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital and the University of Queensland, Brisbane, the Departments of Neurology (P.B.) and Radiology (H.R., L.V.), Gold Coast University Hospital, Southport, QLD, and the Department of Neurology, Priority Research Centre for Brain and Mental Health Research, John Hunter Hospital, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW (T.A., F.M., C.R.L., C.G.-E., M.W.P.), the Department of Neurology, Royal North Shore Hospital and Kolling Institute, University of Sydney (M.K.), and the Department of Radiology, Royal North Shore Hospital (T.J.H., K.C.F., B.S.S.), St. Leonards, and the Department of Radiology, Westmead Hospital, Sydney (T.J.H., K.C.F., B.S.S.) - all in Australia; and the Departments of Neurology (T.Y.W., J.N.F.) and Radiology (W. Collecutt), Christchurch Hospital, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Patricia M Desmond
- From the Departments of Medicine and Neurology, Melbourne Brain Centre (B.C.V.C., N.Y., B.Y., T.Y.W., D.G.S., E.R., H.Z., P.S., G.S., M.W.P., S.M.D.), and the Department of Radiology (P.J.M., R.J.D., S.J.B., P.M.D.), Royal Melbourne Hospital, and the Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health (L.C., N.Y., V.T., H.A., H.M., C.F.B., G.A.D.), University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, the Departments of Neurology (T.J.K.) and Radiology (R.S.), Royal Adelaide Hospital, and the Department of Neurology, Lyell McEwin Hospital (D.F.), Adelaide, SA, the Department of Neurosciences, Eastern Health and Eastern Health Clinical School (H.M.D., C.F.B.), and the Departments of Neurology (H.M., T.G.P.) and Radiology (W. Chong, R.V.C., L.-A.S.), Monash Medical Centre, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, the Departments of Neurology (V.T., M.S.) and Radiology (M.B., H.A.), Austin Hospital, Austin Health, Heidelberg, VIC, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Melbourne, VIC (H.A.), and the Departments of Medicine and Neurology, Melbourne Medical School, University of Melbourne and Western Health, Sunshine Hospital, St. Albans, VIC (T.W.), the Departments of Neurology (D.G.S., H.B.) and Radiology (K.R., D.L.), Princess Alexandra Hospital, and the Departments of Neurology (A.A.W., C.M.) and Radiology (A.C., K. Mitchell, J.C., K. Mahady), Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital and the University of Queensland, Brisbane, the Departments of Neurology (P.B.) and Radiology (H.R., L.V.), Gold Coast University Hospital, Southport, QLD, and the Department of Neurology, Priority Research Centre for Brain and Mental Health Research, John Hunter Hospital, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW (T.A., F.M., C.R.L., C.G.-E., M.W.P.), the Department of Neurology, Royal North Shore Hospital and Kolling Institute, University of Sydney (M.K.), and the Department of Radiology, Royal North Shore Hospital (T.J.H., K.C.F., B.S.S.), St. Leonards, and the Department of Radiology, Westmead Hospital, Sydney (T.J.H., K.C.F., B.S.S.) - all in Australia; and the Departments of Neurology (T.Y.W., J.N.F.) and Radiology (W. Collecutt), Christchurch Hospital, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Mark W Parsons
- From the Departments of Medicine and Neurology, Melbourne Brain Centre (B.C.V.C., N.Y., B.Y., T.Y.W., D.G.S., E.R., H.Z., P.S., G.S., M.W.P., S.M.D.), and the Department of Radiology (P.J.M., R.J.D., S.J.B., P.M.D.), Royal Melbourne Hospital, and the Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health (L.C., N.Y., V.T., H.A., H.M., C.F.B., G.A.D.), University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, the Departments of Neurology (T.J.K.) and Radiology (R.S.), Royal Adelaide Hospital, and the Department of Neurology, Lyell McEwin Hospital (D.F.), Adelaide, SA, the Department of Neurosciences, Eastern Health and Eastern Health Clinical School (H.M.D., C.F.B.), and the Departments of Neurology (H.M., T.G.P.) and Radiology (W. Chong, R.V.C., L.-A.S.), Monash Medical Centre, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, the Departments of Neurology (V.T., M.S.) and Radiology (M.B., H.A.), Austin Hospital, Austin Health, Heidelberg, VIC, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Melbourne, VIC (H.A.), and the Departments of Medicine and Neurology, Melbourne Medical School, University of Melbourne and Western Health, Sunshine Hospital, St. Albans, VIC (T.W.), the Departments of Neurology (D.G.S., H.B.) and Radiology (K.R., D.L.), Princess Alexandra Hospital, and the Departments of Neurology (A.A.W., C.M.) and Radiology (A.C., K. Mitchell, J.C., K. Mahady), Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital and the University of Queensland, Brisbane, the Departments of Neurology (P.B.) and Radiology (H.R., L.V.), Gold Coast University Hospital, Southport, QLD, and the Department of Neurology, Priority Research Centre for Brain and Mental Health Research, John Hunter Hospital, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW (T.A., F.M., C.R.L., C.G.-E., M.W.P.), the Department of Neurology, Royal North Shore Hospital and Kolling Institute, University of Sydney (M.K.), and the Department of Radiology, Royal North Shore Hospital (T.J.H., K.C.F., B.S.S.), St. Leonards, and the Department of Radiology, Westmead Hospital, Sydney (T.J.H., K.C.F., B.S.S.) - all in Australia; and the Departments of Neurology (T.Y.W., J.N.F.) and Radiology (W. Collecutt), Christchurch Hospital, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Geoffrey A Donnan
- From the Departments of Medicine and Neurology, Melbourne Brain Centre (B.C.V.C., N.Y., B.Y., T.Y.W., D.G.S., E.R., H.Z., P.S., G.S., M.W.P., S.M.D.), and the Department of Radiology (P.J.M., R.J.D., S.J.B., P.M.D.), Royal Melbourne Hospital, and the Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health (L.C., N.Y., V.T., H.A., H.M., C.F.B., G.A.D.), University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, the Departments of Neurology (T.J.K.) and Radiology (R.S.), Royal Adelaide Hospital, and the Department of Neurology, Lyell McEwin Hospital (D.F.), Adelaide, SA, the Department of Neurosciences, Eastern Health and Eastern Health Clinical School (H.M.D., C.F.B.), and the Departments of Neurology (H.M., T.G.P.) and Radiology (W. Chong, R.V.C., L.-A.S.), Monash Medical Centre, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, the Departments of Neurology (V.T., M.S.) and Radiology (M.B., H.A.), Austin Hospital, Austin Health, Heidelberg, VIC, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Melbourne, VIC (H.A.), and the Departments of Medicine and Neurology, Melbourne Medical School, University of Melbourne and Western Health, Sunshine Hospital, St. Albans, VIC (T.W.), the Departments of Neurology (D.G.S., H.B.) and Radiology (K.R., D.L.), Princess Alexandra Hospital, and the Departments of Neurology (A.A.W., C.M.) and Radiology (A.C., K. Mitchell, J.C., K. Mahady), Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital and the University of Queensland, Brisbane, the Departments of Neurology (P.B.) and Radiology (H.R., L.V.), Gold Coast University Hospital, Southport, QLD, and the Department of Neurology, Priority Research Centre for Brain and Mental Health Research, John Hunter Hospital, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW (T.A., F.M., C.R.L., C.G.-E., M.W.P.), the Department of Neurology, Royal North Shore Hospital and Kolling Institute, University of Sydney (M.K.), and the Department of Radiology, Royal North Shore Hospital (T.J.H., K.C.F., B.S.S.), St. Leonards, and the Department of Radiology, Westmead Hospital, Sydney (T.J.H., K.C.F., B.S.S.) - all in Australia; and the Departments of Neurology (T.Y.W., J.N.F.) and Radiology (W. Collecutt), Christchurch Hospital, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Stephen M Davis
- From the Departments of Medicine and Neurology, Melbourne Brain Centre (B.C.V.C., N.Y., B.Y., T.Y.W., D.G.S., E.R., H.Z., P.S., G.S., M.W.P., S.M.D.), and the Department of Radiology (P.J.M., R.J.D., S.J.B., P.M.D.), Royal Melbourne Hospital, and the Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health (L.C., N.Y., V.T., H.A., H.M., C.F.B., G.A.D.), University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, the Departments of Neurology (T.J.K.) and Radiology (R.S.), Royal Adelaide Hospital, and the Department of Neurology, Lyell McEwin Hospital (D.F.), Adelaide, SA, the Department of Neurosciences, Eastern Health and Eastern Health Clinical School (H.M.D., C.F.B.), and the Departments of Neurology (H.M., T.G.P.) and Radiology (W. Chong, R.V.C., L.-A.S.), Monash Medical Centre, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, the Departments of Neurology (V.T., M.S.) and Radiology (M.B., H.A.), Austin Hospital, Austin Health, Heidelberg, VIC, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Melbourne, VIC (H.A.), and the Departments of Medicine and Neurology, Melbourne Medical School, University of Melbourne and Western Health, Sunshine Hospital, St. Albans, VIC (T.W.), the Departments of Neurology (D.G.S., H.B.) and Radiology (K.R., D.L.), Princess Alexandra Hospital, and the Departments of Neurology (A.A.W., C.M.) and Radiology (A.C., K. Mitchell, J.C., K. Mahady), Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital and the University of Queensland, Brisbane, the Departments of Neurology (P.B.) and Radiology (H.R., L.V.), Gold Coast University Hospital, Southport, QLD, and the Department of Neurology, Priority Research Centre for Brain and Mental Health Research, John Hunter Hospital, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW (T.A., F.M., C.R.L., C.G.-E., M.W.P.), the Department of Neurology, Royal North Shore Hospital and Kolling Institute, University of Sydney (M.K.), and the Department of Radiology, Royal North Shore Hospital (T.J.H., K.C.F., B.S.S.), St. Leonards, and the Department of Radiology, Westmead Hospital, Sydney (T.J.H., K.C.F., B.S.S.) - all in Australia; and the Departments of Neurology (T.Y.W., J.N.F.) and Radiology (W. Collecutt), Christchurch Hospital, Christchurch, New Zealand
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