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Kim YJ, Khaleel ZH, Jin M, Lee JWY, Park S, Ga S, Kim NH, Sa DH, Kang ES, Han SH, Lee JY, Ku HJ, Kim SW, Kim KY, Park JE, Kim YH, Lee BS. Mechanistic insights into the anti-restenotic effects of HSP27 and HO1 modulated by reconstituted HDL on neointimal hyperplasia. Sci Rep 2023; 13:22078. [PMID: 38087008 PMCID: PMC10716395 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-49367-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
High-density lipoprotein (HDL) therapy has demonstrated beneficial effects in acute stroke and acute myocardial infarction models by reducing infarct size. In this study, we investigated the inhibitory effects of reconstituted HDL (rHDL) on neointimal hyperplasia and elucidated its underlying mechanism using a balloon injury rat model. Our finding revealed a significant 37% reduction in the intima to media ratio in the arteries treated with 80 mg/kg rHDL compared to those subjected to injury alone (p < 0.05), indicating a specific inhibition of neointimal hyperplasia. In vivo analysis further supported the positive effects of rHDL by demonstrating a reduction in smooth muscle cell (SMC) proliferation and an increase in endothelial cell (EC) proliferation. Additionally, rHDL treatment led to decreased infiltration of leukocytes and downregulated the expression of matrix metallopeptidase 9 (MMP9) in the neointimal area. Notably, rHDL administration resulted in decreased expression of VCAM1 and HIF1α, alongside increased expression of heme oxygenase 1 (HO1) and heat shock protein 27 (HSP27). Overexpression of HSP27 and HO1 effectively inhibited SMC proliferation. Moreover, rHDL-mediated suppression of injury-induced HIF1α coincided with upregulation of HSP27. Interestingly, HSP27 and HO1 had varying effects on the expression of chemokine receptors and rHDL did not exert significant effect on chemokine receptor expression in THP1 cells. These findings underscore the distinct roles of HSP27 and HO1 as potential regulatory factors in the progression of restenosis. Collectively, our study demonstrates that rHDL exerts a potent anti-neointimal hyperplasia effect by reducing leukocytes infiltration and SMC proliferation while promoting EC proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye Ji Kim
- SKKU Advanced Institute of Nanotechnology (SAINT), Sungkyunkwan University, 2066 Seobu-Ro, Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea
- Department of Nano Science and Technology, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea
- Center for Neuroscience Imaging Research (CNIR), Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Zinah Hilal Khaleel
- SKKU Advanced Institute of Nanotechnology (SAINT), Sungkyunkwan University, 2066 Seobu-Ro, Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea
- Department of Nano Science and Technology, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea
- Center for Neuroscience Imaging Research (CNIR), Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Myeongji Jin
- SKKU Advanced Institute of Nanotechnology (SAINT), Sungkyunkwan University, 2066 Seobu-Ro, Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea
- Department of Nano Science and Technology, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Jo Woon Yi Lee
- Division of Cardiology, Samsung Biomedical Research Institute, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seongchan Park
- SKKU Advanced Institute of Nanotechnology (SAINT), Sungkyunkwan University, 2066 Seobu-Ro, Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea
- Department of Nano Science and Technology, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Seongmin Ga
- SKKU Advanced Institute of Nanotechnology (SAINT), Sungkyunkwan University, 2066 Seobu-Ro, Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea
- Department of Nano Science and Technology, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Nam Hyeong Kim
- SKKU Advanced Institute of Nanotechnology (SAINT), Sungkyunkwan University, 2066 Seobu-Ro, Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea
- Department of Nano Science and Technology, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Deok Hyang Sa
- SKKU Advanced Institute of Nanotechnology (SAINT), Sungkyunkwan University, 2066 Seobu-Ro, Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea
- Department of Nano Science and Technology, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Sung Kang
- SKKU Advanced Institute of Nanotechnology (SAINT), Sungkyunkwan University, 2066 Seobu-Ro, Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea
- Department of Nano Science and Technology, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Seul Hee Han
- Division of Cardiology, Samsung Biomedical Research Institute, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Yeun Lee
- Division of Cardiology, Samsung Biomedical Research Institute, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyo Jung Ku
- Division of Cardiology, Samsung Biomedical Research Institute, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Wook Kim
- Protein Research Lab, CRC, GC Biopharma R&D Center, Green Cross Co., Yongin, 16924, Republic of Korea
- Samsung Bioepis PD Team, 76 Songdogyoyuk-Ro, Yeonsu-Gu, Incheon, 21987, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki Yong Kim
- Protein Research Lab, CRC, GC Biopharma R&D Center, Green Cross Co., Yongin, 16924, Republic of Korea
- Genexine, BioResearch Institute, 172 Magocjungang-Ro, BioInnovationPark, Bldg. Gangseo-Gu, Seoul, 07789, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong Euy Park
- Division of Cardiology, Samsung Medical Center, School of Medicine, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, 06351, Republic of Korea.
| | - Yong Ho Kim
- SKKU Advanced Institute of Nanotechnology (SAINT), Sungkyunkwan University, 2066 Seobu-Ro, Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea.
- Department of Nano Science and Technology, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea.
- Department of Nano Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea.
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea.
- Center for Neuroscience Imaging Research (CNIR), Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea.
| | - Bok-Soo Lee
- SKKU Advanced Institute of Nanotechnology (SAINT), Sungkyunkwan University, 2066 Seobu-Ro, Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea.
- Department of Nano Science and Technology, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea.
- Division of Cardiology, Samsung Biomedical Research Institute, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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Kim KY, Kim WJ. Effect of resistance exercise on stress, lower extremity edema, and body composition in intensive care unit nurses. Medicine (Baltimore) 2022; 101:e32358. [PMID: 36595997 PMCID: PMC9803467 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000032358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study investigated the effects of resistance exercises using elastic bands on stress, lower extremity edema, and body composition in intensive care unit nurses. METHODS Twenty-three and 21 participants were classified into the experimental and control groups, respectively. Only the experimental group was subjected to a resistance exercise program using elastic bands for 8 weeks. Variables were measured before the experimental treatment and at the 4th and 8th weeks post-treatment. Stress was assessed using a numeric rating scale and stress index. Lower extremity edema was determined using a tape measure. Body composition around the calf and tibia muscle was measured using a body composition analyzer. The homogeneity of participants' general characteristics and the dependent variable was ensured. RESULTS Following experimental treatment, subjective (F = 11.674, P < .001) and objective stresses (F = 6.965, P < .001) decreased. No difference was detected in calf and ankle circumference between the groups, while differences in muscle thickness (left, F = 31.708, P < .001; right, F = 18.630, P < .001) and fat thickness (left, F = 19.984, P < .001; right, F = 24.640, P < .001) were observed. Muscle thickness increased, and fat thickness decreased in the body composition around the lower extremities. CONCLUSION Resistance exercises using the TheraBand can be an intervention to decrease stress and improve lower extremity body composition in intensive care unit nurses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ki Yong Kim
- College of health care, Gimcheon University, Gyeongsangbuk-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Won Jong Kim
- College of Nursing, Eulji University, Uijeongbu-si, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
- * Correspondence: Won Jong Kim, College of Nursing, Eulji University, 712, Dongil-ro, Uijeongbu-si, Gyeonggi-do 11759, Republic of Korea (e-mail: )
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Kim DY, Hojbota CI, Mirzaie M, Lee SK, Kim KY, Sung JH, Nam CH. Optical synchronization technique for all-optical Compton scattering. Rev Sci Instrum 2022; 93:113001. [PMID: 36461441 DOI: 10.1063/5.0115918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Accepted: 10/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
In all-optical Compton scattering driven by a multi-petawatt laser, it is critical to have accurate spatiotemporal synchronization between the ultrarelativistic electron bunch and the ultrahigh-intensity laser beam. Such a synchronization was realized by using two complementary optical setups. The first setup, used for the initial synchronization, recorded the spatial interferogram between the two femtosecond lasers used for a GeV electron beam production and an ultrahigh scattering laser beam. The second one, consisting of spatial and spectral interferometers, measured the time delay between the two laser beams in the range of 0-200 fs in real time. These monitoring systems played an essential role in conducting Compton scattering experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Do Yeon Kim
- Center for Relativistic Laser Science (CoReLS), Institute for Basic Science, Gwangju 61005, South Korea
| | - Calin Ioan Hojbota
- Center for Relativistic Laser Science (CoReLS), Institute for Basic Science, Gwangju 61005, South Korea
| | - Mohammad Mirzaie
- Center for Relativistic Laser Science (CoReLS), Institute for Basic Science, Gwangju 61005, South Korea
| | - Seong Ku Lee
- Center for Relativistic Laser Science (CoReLS), Institute for Basic Science, Gwangju 61005, South Korea
| | - Ki Yong Kim
- Center for Relativistic Laser Science (CoReLS), Institute for Basic Science, Gwangju 61005, South Korea
| | - Jae Hee Sung
- Center for Relativistic Laser Science (CoReLS), Institute for Basic Science, Gwangju 61005, South Korea
| | - Chang Hee Nam
- Center for Relativistic Laser Science (CoReLS), Institute for Basic Science, Gwangju 61005, South Korea
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Kim MJ, Hosseindoust A, Kim KY, Moturi J, Lee JH, Kim TG, Mun JY, Chae BJ. Improving the bioavailability of manganese and meat quality of broilers by using hot-melt extrusion nano method. Br Poult Sci 2021; 63:211-217. [PMID: 34309442 DOI: 10.1080/00071668.2021.1955332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
1. Mineral excretion is an issue in the poultry industry. The use of micro minerals in nano form can increase bioavailability and decrease excretion rate. However, information concerning the bioavailability of nano manganese (Mn) in broiler chicks is limited.2. This experiment studied the influences of hot-melt extrusion (HME)-processed manganese sulphate on body weight gain, Mn bioavailability, nutrient digestibility and meat quality in broiler chicks fed a corn-soybean meal-based diet as a starter and grower phase. A total of 700 birds (Ross 308, 1-day-old) were randomly placed in 35 cages (20 birds per cage). The broiler chicks were fed one of seven experimental diets, which consisted of a control (without supplemental Mn), different levels of MnSO4 (IN-Mn60; 60, 120, and 200 mg/kg), or HME MnSO4 (HME-Mn; 60, 120, and 200 mg/kg).3. There was an increased serum Mn content in broilers fed diet supplemented with HME-Mn. In the grower phase, increased dietary Mn levels elevated the concentrations in the serum, liver, and tibia. There were increases in the excreta Mn content of broilers fed increasing levels. The supplementation of HME-Mn showed a lower percentage of abdominal fat compared with the IN-Mn treatment diets. Supplementation with HME-Mn decreased intramuscular fat compared with the diets supplemented with IN-Mn. The supplementation of HME-Mn decreased the thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) at d 6 of age. The HME-Mn source showed a greater decrease in TBARS compared with the IN-Mn treatment.4. In conclusion, HME processing increased bioavailability and could be used as an environmentally friendly method to facilitate lower levels of Mn in the diet of broiler chickens.
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Affiliation(s)
- M J Kim
- Centre for Nutrition and Food Sciences, Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - A Hosseindoust
- College of Animal Life Sciences, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Korea
| | - K Y Kim
- Poultry Research Institute, National Institute of Animal Science, Pyeongchang, Republic of Korea
| | - J Moturi
- Department of Bio-health Convergence, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Republic of Korea
| | - J H Lee
- Department of Animal Biosciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, Canada
| | - T G Kim
- College of Animal Life Sciences, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Korea
| | - J Y Mun
- Department of Bio-health Convergence, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Republic of Korea
| | - B J Chae
- College of Animal Life Sciences, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Korea
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Ndabambi M, Kim KY, Jung JH, Yim UH, Oh JE. Alkylated phenanthrene distributions in black rockfish (Sebastes schlegelii) and biotransformation into hydroxylated metabolites after intragastric administration. Sci Total Environ 2021; 762:143160. [PMID: 33131856 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.143160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2020] [Revised: 10/11/2020] [Accepted: 10/11/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Marine organisms such as fish are at risk of exposure to petrogenic polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) released in oil spills. PAH toxicities are affected by the rates of PAH biotransformation and elimination in fish tissues, but little information on these rates is available. In this study, the biotransformation and tissue distribution of methylated phenanthrenes-typical petrogenic PAHs found after oil spills-in black rockfish (Sebastes schlegelii) were investigated. Two groups of fish were used. Each fish in one group was given a single intragastric dose of 3-methylphenanthrene, and each fish in the other group was given a single intragastric dose of 3,6-dimethylphenanthrene. The fish were allowed to recover in purified sea water for 196 h. Methylated phenanthrenes were detected in only blood and liver for 24 h after dosing, but the concentrations decreased over time and > 98% had been eliminated by the end of the study. Four mono-hydroxylated metabolites of 3,6-dimethylphenanthrene and six mono-hydroxylated metabolites of 3-methylphenanthrene were tentatively identified for the first time from tandem mass spectrometry analyses of fish bile. The concentrations of these metabolites in bile remained constant for 192 h, suggesting that the metabolites could be used as biomarkers of rockfish exposure to petrogenic PAHs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mlamuli Ndabambi
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan, 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki Yong Kim
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan, 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Jee-Hyun Jung
- Oil and POPs Research Group, Korea Institute of Ocean Science and Technology, 391 Jangmok-myon, Geoje 656-834, Republic of Korea
| | - Un-Hyuk Yim
- Oil and POPs Research Group, Korea Institute of Ocean Science and Technology, 391 Jangmok-myon, Geoje 656-834, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong-Eun Oh
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan, 46241, Republic of Korea.
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Kim KY, Ndabambi M, Choi S, Oh JE. Legacy and novel perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances in industrial wastewater and the receiving river water: Temporal changes in relative abundances of regulated compounds and alternatives. Water Res 2021; 191:116830. [PMID: 33476798 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2021.116830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2020] [Revised: 01/05/2021] [Accepted: 01/08/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Concentrations of 28 novel and legacy perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) in wastewater from 77 industrial plants in the largest industrial complex in Korea were determined. The industrial plants were of eight types (advanced electronic, battery, chemical, general electronic, glass and ceramic, metal, polymer, and textile). PFAS concentrations in river water receiving the wastewater were determined to assess the impact of wastewater from the industrial complex. Only 19 and nine target PFASs were detected in untreated industrial wastewater and river water, respectively. Novel PFASs such as F53B (6:2 chlorinated polyfluoroalkyl ether sulfonate) were not detected. The mean PFASs concentration in industrial wastewater treatment plant effluent was 5.18 µg/L. The mean total PFASs concentration was highest in advanced electronic plant effluent, second highest in general electronic plant effluent, and lowest in battery and chemical plant effluents. Perfluorohexane sulfonate was the dominant homolog, being detected in effluent from plants of all classes and contributing 96% of total discharged PFASs by mass. Perfluorooctane sulfonate (included in the Stockholm Convention) use has decreased markedly since previous studies. Perfluorooctane sulfonate has largely been replaced by PFASs with fewer than seven carbon atoms. A similar change was found for river water receiving industrial wastewater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ki Yong Kim
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Pusan National University, Jangjeon-dong, Geumjeong-gu, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Mlamuli Ndabambi
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Pusan National University, Jangjeon-dong, Geumjeong-gu, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Sol Choi
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Pusan National University, Jangjeon-dong, Geumjeong-gu, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong-Eun Oh
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Pusan National University, Jangjeon-dong, Geumjeong-gu, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea.
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Yong ZY, Kim KY, Oh JE. The occurrence and distributions of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) in groundwater after a PFAS leakage incident in 2018. Environ Pollut 2021; 268:115395. [PMID: 33035874 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.115395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2020] [Revised: 08/04/2020] [Accepted: 08/05/2020] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) concentrations of groundwater in three cities of the Nakdong River Basin in South Korea were quantified to investigate PFAS contamination and the effect of PFAS leakage incident that occurred in the study area in 2018. Groundwater PFASs concentration ranged from non-detectable (N.D.) to 36.9 ng/L (mean 14.1 ng/L), in which, perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA), perfluorohexanoic acid (PFHxA), perfluoropentanoic acid (PFPeA), and perfluorohexane sulfonate (PFHxS) were commonly observed. Compared to long-chain (C ≥ 8) PFAS, short-chain (<C8) PFAS are more commonly detected in groundwater. Statistical differences were found between the groundwater obtained from different land use. PFAS detected in groundwater from industrial land use were significant different (p<0.01) than other land usages. Spatial difference of PFAS concentrations and distributions in groundwater were also found. PFAS concentrations in groundwater at the furthest downstream area (mean 26.4 ng/L) were the highest followed by the middle reaches (mean 16.2 ng/L), and the upstream area (mean 4.3 ng/L). PFHxS, which was detected dominantly in the middle reach areas, contributed 51% of the total PFAS concentration, but was not detected in the upstream area. There was no health risk by drinking groundwater but found the effect of PFHxS leakage incident on groundwater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi Yuan Yong
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Pusan National University, Jangjeon-dong, Geumjeong-gu, Busan, 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki Yong Kim
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Pusan National University, Jangjeon-dong, Geumjeong-gu, Busan, 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong-Eun Oh
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Pusan National University, Jangjeon-dong, Geumjeong-gu, Busan, 46241, Republic of Korea.
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Konki SK, Khambampati AK, Sharma SK, Kim KY. A deep neural network for estimating the bladder boundary using electrical impedance tomography. Physiol Meas 2020; 41:115003. [PMID: 32726770 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6579/abaa56] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Accurate bladder size estimation is an important clinical parameter that assists physicians, enabling them to provide better treatment for patients who are suffering from urinary incontinence. Electrical impedance tomography (EIT) is a non-invasive medical imaging method that estimates organ boundaries assuming that the electrical conductivity values of the background, bladder, and adjacent tissues inside the pelvic domain are known a priori. However, the performance of a traditional EIT inverse algorithm such as the modified Newton-Raphson (mNR) for shape estimation exhibits severe convergence problems as it heavily depends on the initial guess and often fails to estimate complex boundaries that require greater numbers of Fourier coefficients to approximate the boundary shape. Therefore, in this study a deep neural network (DNN) is introduced to estimate the urinary bladder boundary inside the pelvic domain. APPROACH We designed a five-layer DNN which was trained with a dataset of 15 subjects that had different pelvic boundaries, bladder shapes, and conductivity. The boundary voltage measurements of the pelvic domain are defined as input and the corresponding Fourier coefficients that describe the bladder boundary as output data. To evaluate the DNN, we tested with three different sizes of urinary bladder. MAIN RESULTS Numerical simulations and phantom experiments were performed to validate the performance of the proposed DNN model. The proposed DNN algorithm is compared with the radial basis function (RBF) and mNR method for bladder shape estimation. The results show that the DNN has a low root mean square error for estimated boundary coefficients and better estimation of bladder size when compared to the mNR and RBF. SIGNIFICANCE We apply the first DNN algorithm to estimate the complex boundaries such as the urinary bladder using EIT. Our work provides a novel efficient EIT inverse solver to estimate the bladder boundary and size accurately. The proposed DNN algorithm has advantages in that it is simple to implement, and has better accuracy and fast estimation.
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Affiliation(s)
- S K Konki
- Center for Artificial Intelligence, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea
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Kim KY, Ekpe OD, Lee HJ, Oh JE. Perfluoroalkyl substances and pharmaceuticals removal in full-scale drinking water treatment plants. J Hazard Mater 2020; 400:123235. [PMID: 32947684 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.123235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2020] [Revised: 06/04/2020] [Accepted: 06/12/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The concentrations of 14 perfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) and 46 pharmaceuticals in raw water and drinking water from five drinking water treatment plants were determined to assess removal of the chemicals during treatment. 10 out of 14 PFASs were detected in the raw and drinking water samples. The mean perfluorohexane sulfonate concentrations in raw and drinking water were the highest with levels of 106 and 69.6 ng L-1, respectively and the other PFAS concentrations were lower. The ∑14PFAS and individual PFAS removal efficiencies for the treatment plants were -36.9% to 70.7% (mean 31.3%) but the granular activated carbon process removed >80% of the total amount of long-chain PFASs that was removed. The removal efficiency increased as the perfluorocarbon chain length increased. The removal efficiencies increased by 14.2% and 11.2% from the shortest to the longest perfluoroalkyl carboxylic acid and perfluoroalkyl sulfonic acid chain lengths, respectively. 20 out of 46 pharmaceuticals were detected in the raw water samples, but most were removed completely during treatment. Only caffeine, carbamazepine, crotamiton, fenbendazole, metformin, and sulfamethoxazole were detected in the drinking water samples. Oxidation processes contributed >90% of the overall treatment plant removal efficiency except for metformin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ki Yong Kim
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Pusan National University, Jangjeon-dong, Geumjeong-gu, Busan, 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Okon Dominic Ekpe
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Pusan National University, Jangjeon-dong, Geumjeong-gu, Busan, 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Heon-Jun Lee
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Pusan National University, Jangjeon-dong, Geumjeong-gu, Busan, 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong-Eun Oh
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Pusan National University, Jangjeon-dong, Geumjeong-gu, Busan, 46241, Republic of Korea.
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Kim KY, Oh JE. Evaluation of pharmaceutical abuse and illicit drug use in South Korea by wastewater-based epidemiology. J Hazard Mater 2020; 396:122622. [PMID: 32388180 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.122622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2020] [Revised: 03/20/2020] [Accepted: 03/30/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Drug abuse trends in South Korea were assessed by estimating the consumption rates of drugs that may be abused or misused by performing wastewater-based drug epidemiology. Of the 29 target compounds, 10 were found in samples from three wastewater treatment plants. Ephedrine had the highest mean estimated consumption rate, 574.1 mg d-1 (1000 people)-1. The anti-obesity drugs phendimetrazine and phentermine had the second and fifth highest mean estimated consumption rates, 182.9 and 113.1 mg d-1 (1000 people)-1, respectively. The zolpidem consumption rate was 65.8 mg d-1 (1000 people)-1. Methamphetamine was the only illicit drug detected in wastewater, and the estimated consumption rates (14.9-28.6 mg d-1 (1000 people)-1) were similar to consumption rates found in previous Korean studies (not detected to 45.8 mg d-1 (1000 people)-1). The mean estimated meperidine and cis-tramadol (opioid) consumption rates were 120 and 27.5 mg d-1 (1000 people)-1, respectively, and were 8.2 and 1.7 times higher, respectively, than the consumption rates found in 2013. Methylphenidate was detected in the influent and effluent samples at mean concentrations of 2.7 and 2.6 ng L-1, respectively, but the methylphenidate consumption rate could not be estimated because of the low excretion rate for humans (<1%).
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Affiliation(s)
- Ki Yong Kim
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Pusan National University, Jangjeon-dong, Geumjeong-gu, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong-Eun Oh
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Pusan National University, Jangjeon-dong, Geumjeong-gu, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea.
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Ekpe OD, Kim KY, Jung JH, Yim UH, Oh JE. Formation and distribution of phenanthrene and its metabolites (monohydroxy-phenanthrenes) in Korean rockfish (Sebastes schlegelii). Environ Pollut 2020; 263:114588. [PMID: 33618480 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.114588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2020] [Revised: 04/07/2020] [Accepted: 04/10/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated the tissue distribution of phenanthrene (PHE) and the formation of monohydroxy-phenanthrene (OH-PHE) metabolites in Korean rockfish (Sebastes schlegelii). PHE was intragastrically administered to two groups of rockfish. The first group was exposed to PHE at a low dose (10 mg/kg body weight) and the second group was exposed at a high dose (30 mg/kg body weight). The rockfish were analyzed and the levels of PHE were higher in the liver, followed by muscle, and then bile. PHE concentrations in the liver, muscle, and bile were 1.4-26, 0.10-2.01, and not detected (ND)-0.13 μg/g wet weight, respectively. All five monohydroxylated PHE metabolites (1-OH-PHE, 2-OH-PHE, 3-OH-PHE, 4-OH-PHE, and 9-OH-PHE) were detected only in bile. Among these OH-PHE metabolites, 3-OH-PHE was found at the highest concentration from all fish bile samples in both PHE exposure groups, indicating that regioselective OH-PHE formation occurs in rockfish and 3-OH PHE could be a good biomarker of exposure of Korean rockfish to PHE. Suspect screening analysis of the rockfish bile was performed by LC-QTOF/MS, and the formation of two OH-PHE-DNA adducts (thymine-OH-PHE and cytosine-OH-PHE) were identified in the bile sample collected 6 h after rockfish were exposed to the high PHE dose, indicating that OH-PHE metabolites may be toxic to fish. This is the first report on the formation characteristics of OH-PHE metabolites in rockfish and their use as biomarkers of exposure of rockfish to parent PHE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Okon Dominic Ekpe
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan, 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki Yong Kim
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan, 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Jee-Hyun Jung
- Oil and POPs Research Group, Korea Institute of Ocean Science and Technology, 391 Jangmok-myon, Geoje 656-834, Republic of Korea
| | - Un-Hyuk Yim
- Oil and POPs Research Group, Korea Institute of Ocean Science and Technology, 391 Jangmok-myon, Geoje 656-834, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong-Eun Oh
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan, 46241, Republic of Korea.
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12
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Kim MS, Lee S, Park SB, Kim KY, Kim Y, Kang HY, Park SG, Kang NG. Magnolol induces adipogenic differentiation in human skin. Br J Dermatol 2020; 183:584-586. [PMID: 32248517 DOI: 10.1111/bjd.19063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M S Kim
- R&D Center, LG Household & Healthcare, Seoul, Korea
| | - S Lee
- R&D Center, LG Household & Healthcare, Seoul, Korea
| | - S B Park
- Bio Platform Technology Research Center, Therapeutics & Biotechnology Division, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, Daejeon, Korea
| | - K Y Kim
- Bio Platform Technology Research Center, Therapeutics & Biotechnology Division, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Y Kim
- Department of Dermatology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea
| | - H Y Kang
- Department of Dermatology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea
| | - S G Park
- R&D Center, LG Household & Healthcare, Seoul, Korea
| | - N G Kang
- R&D Center, LG Household & Healthcare, Seoul, Korea
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13
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Jung J, Cho YY, Jung JH, Kim KY, Kim HS, Baek JH, Hahm JR, Cho HS, Kim SK. Are patients with mild to moderate renal impairment on metformin or other oral anti-hyperglycaemic agents at increased risk of contrast-induced nephropathy and metabolic acidosis after radiocontrast exposure? Clin Radiol 2019; 74:651.e1-651.e6. [PMID: 31202566 DOI: 10.1016/j.crad.2019.05.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2018] [Accepted: 05/16/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
AIM To investigate whether the use of metformin during computed tomography (CT) with radiocontrast agents increases the risk of contrast-induced nephropathy (CIN) and metabolic acidosis after CT in type 2 diabetes patients with mild to moderate renal failure. MATERIALS AND METHODS Patient records from January 2015 to December 2017 were reviewed retrospectively. A total of 374 patients were included in the final analysis. Of them, 157 patients received metformin, and 217 patients were taking other oral hypoglycaemic agents (OHAs) during radiocontrast administration. RESULTS No significant difference in CIN incidence was observed between the metformin use group and the other OHAs group (p=0.085). Metabolic acidosis after CT was seen in 91 (58%) patients who used metformin and 141 (65%) patients who were taking other OHAs. There was no relationship between metabolic acidosis after CT and the use of metformin (p=0.195). Metabolic acidosis after radiocontrast agent exposure was associated with malignant disease, low serum albumin level, and low serum total CO2 level at baseline. CONCLUSION These data show that other factors, but not metformin use, are associated with metabolic acidosis after radiocontrast agent exposure in patients with reduced renal function. These data support current recommendations that there is no need to discontinue metformin before CT using radiocontrast agents in patients with mild to moderate renal failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Jung
- Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine Jinju, Republic of Korea; Department of Internal Medicine, Gyeongsang National University Changwon Hospital, Changwon, Republic of Korea; Institute of Health Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Republic of Korea
| | - Y Y Cho
- Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine Jinju, Republic of Korea; Institute of Health Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Republic of Korea; Department of Internal Medicine, Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Jinju, Republic of Korea
| | - J H Jung
- Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine Jinju, Republic of Korea; Institute of Health Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Republic of Korea; Department of Internal Medicine, Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Jinju, Republic of Korea
| | - K Y Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Jinju, Republic of Korea
| | - H S Kim
- Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine Jinju, Republic of Korea; Department of Internal Medicine, Gyeongsang National University Changwon Hospital, Changwon, Republic of Korea; Institute of Health Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Republic of Korea
| | - J-H Baek
- Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine Jinju, Republic of Korea; Department of Internal Medicine, Gyeongsang National University Changwon Hospital, Changwon, Republic of Korea; Institute of Health Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Republic of Korea
| | - J R Hahm
- Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine Jinju, Republic of Korea; Institute of Health Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Republic of Korea; Department of Internal Medicine, Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Jinju, Republic of Korea
| | - H S Cho
- Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine Jinju, Republic of Korea; Institute of Health Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Republic of Korea; Department of Internal Medicine, Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Jinju, Republic of Korea
| | - S K Kim
- Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine Jinju, Republic of Korea; Institute of Health Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Republic of Korea; Department of Internal Medicine, Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Jinju, Republic of Korea.
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Lee HJ, Kim KY, Hamm SY, Kim M, Kim HK, Oh JE. Occurrence and distribution of pharmaceutical and personal care products, artificial sweeteners, and pesticides in groundwater from an agricultural area in Korea. Sci Total Environ 2019; 659:168-176. [PMID: 30597467 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.12.258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2018] [Revised: 12/17/2018] [Accepted: 12/17/2018] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated the occurrence and distribution of 33 pharmaceutical and personal care products (PPCPs), five artificial sweeteners (ASs), and six pesticides in groundwater in rural agricultural and rural non-agricultural area in South Korea. A total of 31 target compounds (15 antibiotics, four anthelmintics, seven other PPCPs, four ASs, and one pesticide) were detected in agricultural groundwater at concentrations from not detected (ND) to 49.3 ng/L for PPCPs, ND to 1340 ng/L for ASs, and ND to 116 ng/L for pesticides. Four target compounds (two PPCPs and two ASs) were detected in rural non-agricultural groundwater in the range of 0.085-5.74 ng/L for PPCPs and 5.64-1330 ng/L for ASs. Among the target compounds, ASs, especially acesulfame (detection frequency 69% in rural agricultural areas and 100% in the rural non-agricultural area) were predominantly detected in both agricultural (mean: 32.9 ng/L) and non-agricultural (mean: 536 ng/L) groundwater, but different occurrence patterns were observed according to the sources of contamination. Known markers of sewage leakage were detected in both agricultural and non-agricultural groundwater samples (e.g., acesulfame (69% and 100%), caffeine (88% and 100%), and crotamiton (62% and 100%)), while compounds related to agricultural activities were only observed in agricultural groundwater (e.g., sulfathiazole (38%), sulfamethoxazole (31%), oxfendazole (69%), and carbofuran (42%)).
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Affiliation(s)
- Heon-Jun Lee
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki Yong Kim
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Se-Yeong Hamm
- Department of Geological Sciences, Pusan National University, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - MoonSu Kim
- Soil & Groundwater Research Division, National Institute of Environmental Research, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Koo Kim
- Soil & Groundwater Research Division, National Institute of Environmental Research, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong-Eun Oh
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan, Republic of Korea.
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Kim J, Jo WK, Kim KY, Kim BJ, Lee SB, Lee HJ, Yu JH, Kim HJ, Chung IY, Ko BS, Kim SB, Jung KH, Ahn JH, Chang S, Lee JW, Son BH, Ahn SH. Abstract P4-01-11: Genomic alterations of cell-free DNA in early breast cancer patients with recurrence. Cancer Res 2019. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.sabcs18-p4-01-11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Cell-free DNA (cfDNA), as a non-invasive strategy, provides substantial benefit to overcome tumor heterogeneity. Surveillance of recurrence after standard treatment in early breast cancer (BC) using cfDNA, enables to detect minimal residual disease (MRD), also to identify genomic alterations driving recurrences. We aimed to assess the role of cfDNA in detecting MRD by investigating genomic alterations of 1)primary, recurred tumor and 2)cfDNA at time of recurrence using deep targeted sequencing. Fifty-four early BC patients were enrolled prospectively between 2014 and 2017 at time of recurrence. Median disease free interval was 28.5 months (rage 6.2-49.8). 62.7% (32/51) were hormone receptor (HR) positive (28 HRpos/HER2neg, 4 HRpos/HER2pos), 11.8% (6/51) were HRneg/HER2pos and 25.5% (13/51) were triple negative BCs. 59.3% (32/54) patients developed loco-regional recurrence (15 local recurrence only, 13 regional only, 4 with both) and distant metastasis was observed among 40.7% (22/54) patients. Cell-free DNA was extracted from 5cc blood at time of recurrence. Deep targeted sequencing was performed using customized NGS panel –encompassing 426 cancer-related target coding region, 242 fusion and amplification-related region- of cfDNA and FFPE(formalin fixed paraffin embedded) tumor samples archived from surgical resection or biopsy. Deep targeted sequencing data was successfully performed in 72.1% (31/43) plasma samples and sequencing yield was significantly lower when stored for more than 2yrs (46.2% vs 83.3%).
Mutations of cfDNA and tumor (primary, recurred) were analyzed. Mean sequencing depth of cfDNA and FFPE were x425.7 and x777.6 respectively. Median number of pathogenic mutations found in primary tumor, cfDNA and recurred tumor were 27(range 12-99), 25(range 8-85) and 9(range 0-23). Among mutations found in primary tumor, 27.4% were shared mutations (range 8.1%-72.7%) with recurred tumor and 26.1% were shared mutations (range 4.7%-69.2%) observed in cfDNA sample. Among mutations found in recurred tumor, 40.9% were observed in cfDNA (range 17.7-87.5%). In primary tumor, median number of mutations with allelic fraction (MAF)>10% were 12 (range 4-21) and at least one mutation was found in cfDNA at time of recurrence. Among mutations with MAF>10%, 59.4% and 69.1% were found in cfDNA and recurred tumor. Known oncogenic mutations of PIK3CA, TP53, GATA3, AKT1, ESR1, RELN, ERBB2, ERBB3, BRCA1 mutation were found. PIK3CA gene (p.H1047R) was found in two cases both in primary tumor and cfDNA at recurrence (MAF 11.4% vs 5.3% and 12.3% vs 15.4%) suggesting de novo driver mutation. One patient developed regional recurrence during adjuvant aromatase inhibitor with ESR1 V392I mutation in both cfDNA and recurred tumor (MAF 48.1 and 54.5%), while another patient's recurred tumor during aromatase inhibitor harbored ESR1 D538G mutation exclusively in recurred tumor with MAF <1%. Both patients had no ESR1 hotpot mutation in primary tumor.
Our data showed sequencing yield of 83.3% in plasma samples within 2yr. Pathogenic mutations in primary tumor, especially when MAF>10%, half of them was observed in cfDNA at time of recurrence. ESR1 mutation should be included in cfDNA surveillance for patients undergoing endocrine therapy even absent in primary tumor.
Citation Format: Kim J, Jo WK, Kim KY, Kim BJ, Lee SB, Lee HJ, Yu JH, Kim HJ, Chung IY, Ko BS, Kim S-B, Jung KH, Ahn JH, Chang S, Lee JW, Son BH, Ahn SH. Genomic alterations of cell-free DNA in early breast cancer patients with recurrence [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2018 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2018 Dec 4-8; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(4 Suppl):Abstract nr P4-01-11.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Kim
- Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Macrogen Inc, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - WK Jo
- Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Macrogen Inc, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - KY Kim
- Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Macrogen Inc, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - BJ Kim
- Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Macrogen Inc, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - SB Lee
- Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Macrogen Inc, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - HJ Lee
- Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Macrogen Inc, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - JH Yu
- Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Macrogen Inc, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - HJ Kim
- Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Macrogen Inc, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - IY Chung
- Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Macrogen Inc, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - BS Ko
- Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Macrogen Inc, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - S-B Kim
- Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Macrogen Inc, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - KH Jung
- Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Macrogen Inc, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - JH Ahn
- Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Macrogen Inc, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - S Chang
- Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Macrogen Inc, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - JW Lee
- Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Macrogen Inc, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - BH Son
- Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Macrogen Inc, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - SH Ahn
- Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Macrogen Inc, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Jeong JS, Kim D, Kim KY, Ryu S, Han S, Shin BS, Kim GS, Gwak MS, Ko JS. Ischemic Preconditioning Produces Comparable Protection Against Hepatic Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury Under Isoflurane and Sevoflurane Anesthesia in Rats. Transplant Proc 2018; 49:2188-2193. [PMID: 29149981 DOI: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2017.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2017] [Accepted: 07/30/2017] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Various volatile anesthetics and ischemic preconditioning (IP) have been demonstrated to exert protective effect against ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury in liver. We aimed to determine whether application of IP under isoflurane and sevoflurane anesthesia would confer protection against hepatic I/R injury in rats. METHODS Thirty-eight rats weighing 270 to 300 grams were randomly divided into 2 groups: isoflurane (1.5%) and sevoflurane (2.5%) anesthesia groups. Each group was subdivided into sham (n = 3), non-IP (n = 8; 45 minutes of hepatic ischemia), and IP (n = 8, IP consisting of 10-minute ischemia plus 15-minute reperfusion before prolonged ischemia) groups. The degree of hepatic injury and expressions of B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2) and caspase 3 were compared at 2 hours after reperfusion. RESULTS Hepatic ischemia induced significant degree of I/R injuries in both isoflurane and sevoflurane non-IP groups. In both anesthetic groups, introduction of IP dramatically attenuated I/R injuries as marked by significantly lower aspartate aminotransferase and aminotransferase levels and better histologic grades compared with corresponding non-IP groups. There were 2.3- and 1.7-fold increases in Bcl-2 mRNA levels in isoflurane and sevoflurane IP groups, respectively, compared with corresponding non-IP groups (both P < .05). Caspase 3 level was significantly high in the isoflurane non-IP group compared with the sham group; however, there were no differences among the sevoflurane groups. CONCLUSIONS The degree of hepatic I/R injury was significantly high in both isoflurane and sevoflurane groups in rats. However, application of IP significantly protected against I/R injury in both volatile anesthetic groups to similar degrees, and upregulation of Bcl-2 might be an important mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- J S Jeong
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - D Kim
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - K Y Kim
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - S Ryu
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - S Han
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - B S Shin
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - G S Kim
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - M S Gwak
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - J S Ko
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
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Hosseindoust A, Choi Y, Oh S, Kim M, Kim KY, Hwang S, Bu M, Baidoo SK, Chae BJ, Kim JS. 79 Effects of Age at First Breeding and Dietary Energy Level during the Rearing Period of Replacement Gilts. J Anim Sci 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/jas/sky073.077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- A Hosseindoust
- Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Korea, Republic of (South)
| | - Y Choi
- Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Korea, Republic of (South)
| | - S Oh
- Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Korea, Republic of (South)
| | - M Kim
- Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Korea, Republic of (South)
| | - K Y Kim
- Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Korea, Republic of (South)
| | - S Hwang
- Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Korea, Republic of (South)
| | - M Bu
- Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Korea, Republic of (South)
| | | | - B J Chae
- Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Korea, Republic of (South)
| | - J S Kim
- Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Korea, Republic of (South)
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Salehi F, Goers AJ, Hine GA, Feder L, Kuk D, Miao B, Woodbury D, Kim KY, Milchberg HM. MeV electron acceleration at 1 kHz with <10 mJ laser pulses: erratum. Opt Lett 2018; 43:1610. [PMID: 29601042 DOI: 10.1364/ol.43.001610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2017] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
In this erratum the funding section of Opt. Lett.42, 215 (2017)OPLEDP0146-959210.1364/OL.42.000215 has been updated.
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Kim KY, Cho JH, Jung HY, Choi JY, Park SH, Kim CD, Kim YL, Ro H, Lee S, Han SY, Jung CW, Park JB, Kim MS, Yang J, Ahn C. Effect of Changes in Body Mass Index on Cardiovascular Outcomes in Kidney Transplant Recipients. Transplant Proc 2018; 49:1038-1042. [PMID: 28583522 DOI: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2017.03.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A higher body mass index (BMI) before kidney transplantation (KT) is associated with increased mortality and allograft loss in kidney transplant recipients (KTRs). However, the effect of changes in BMI after KT on these outcomes remains uncertain. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of baseline BMI and changes in BMI on clinical outcomes in KTRs. METHODS A total of 869 KTRs were enrolled from a multicenter observational cohort study from 2012 to 2015. Patients were divided into low and high BMI groups before KT based on a BMI cutoff point of 23 kg/m2. Differences in acute rejection and cardiovascular disease (CVD) between the 2 groups were analyzed. In addition, clinical outcomes across the 4 BMI groups divided by BMI change 1 year after KT were compared. Associations between BMI change and laboratory findings were also evaluated. RESULTS Patients with a higher BMI before KT showed significantly increased CVD after KT (P = .027) compared with patients with a lower BMI. However, among the KTRs with a higher baseline BMI, only persistently higher BMI was associated with increased CVD during the follow-up period (P = .003). Patients with persistently higher BMI had significantly decreased high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and increased hemoglobin, triglyceride, and hemoglobin A1c levels. Baseline BMI and post-transplantation change in BMI were not related to acute rejection in KTRs. CONCLUSIONS BMI in the 1st year after KT as well as baseline BMI were associated with CVD in KTRs. More careful monitoring of obese KTRs who do not undergo a reduction in BMI after KT is required.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Y Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, Korea
| | - J-H Cho
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, Korea.
| | - H-Y Jung
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, Korea
| | - J-Y Choi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, Korea
| | - S-H Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, Korea
| | - C-D Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, Korea
| | - Y-L Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, Korea
| | - H Ro
- Department of Internal Medicine, Gachon University, Gil Hospital, Incheon, Korea
| | - S Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonju, Korea
| | - S-Y Han
- Department of Internal Medicine, Keimyung University, Dongsan Medical Center, Daegu, Korea
| | - C W Jung
- Department of Surgery, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - J B Park
- Department of Surgery, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - M S Kim
- Department of Surgery, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - J Yang
- Transplantation Center, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - C Ahn
- Transplantation Center, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea; Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Yang Y, Kim KY, Hwang I, Yim T, Do W, Kim MJ, Lee S, Jung HY, Choi JY, Park SH, Kim YL, Kim CD, Cho JH. Cystatin C-Based Equation for Predicting the Glomerular Filtration Rate in Kidney Transplant Recipients. Transplant Proc 2018; 49:1018-1022. [PMID: 28583518 DOI: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2017.03.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Precise monitoring of the glomerular filtration rate (GFR) is needed to estimate the allograft function in kidney transplant recipients (KTRs). The GFR is widely estimated with the use of formulas based on serum cystatin C (SCys) and serum creatinine (SCr) levels. We compared the efficacy of SCys-based equations with that of SCr-based equations to predict the allograft function. METHODS We calculated the Modification of Diet in Renal Disease (MDRD), Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration (CKD-EPI Cr), CKD-EPI creatinine-cystatin C (CKD-EPI Cr/Cys), and CKD-EPI cystatin C (CKD-EP ICys) equations in 70 KTRs. The measured GFR (mGFR) was defined as the GFR estimated by technetium-99m-diethylene triamine pentaacetic acid (99mTc-DTPA) clearance. The accuracy and precision of the equations were compared with the mGFR. The performance characteristics of SCr and SCys were analyzed with the use of receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves to ascertain the sensitivity and specificity at the cutoff value of <45 mL/min/1.73 m2 DTPA. RESULTS Overall, MDRD and CKD-EPICys did not show significant differences from mGFR (P = .05 and P = .077, respectively), whereas CKD-EPI Cr and CKD-EPI Cr/Cys significantly underestimated mGFR (P < .001 and P = .005, respectively). In the subgroup of patients with mGFR <45 mL/min/1.73 m2, CKD-EPI Cys showed little bias (P = .122), whereas MDRD significantly underestimated mGFR (P = .037). The area under the ROC curve for predicting mGFR <45 mL/min/1.73 m2 was 0.80 for SCys, which was better than that for SCr at 0.763. CONCLUSIONS Cystatin C-based equations showed better predictive performance of the allograft function than creatinine-based equations for the KTRs, including patients with lower GFR. Cystatin C level might be a good alternate measurement to monitor the allograft function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Yang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, Korea
| | - K Y Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, Korea
| | - I Hwang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, Korea
| | - T Yim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, Korea
| | - W Do
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, Korea
| | - M J Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, Korea
| | - S Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, Korea
| | - H-Y Jung
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, Korea
| | - J-Y Choi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, Korea
| | - S-H Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, Korea
| | - Y-L Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, Korea
| | - C-D Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, Korea
| | - J-H Cho
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, Korea.
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Shin HK, Kim KY, Park JW, No KT. Use of metal/metal oxide spherical cluster and hydroxyl metal coordination complex for descriptor calculation in development of nanoparticle cytotoxicity classification model. SAR QSAR Environ Res 2017; 28:875-888. [PMID: 29189078 DOI: 10.1080/1062936x.2017.1400998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2017] [Accepted: 11/01/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Computational approaches have been suggested as an informative tool for risk assessment of nanomaterials. Nano (quantitative) structure-activity relationship, nano-(Q)SAR, models have been developed to predict toxicity of metal oxide (MOx) nanoparticles (NPs); however, the packing structure and cluster of nanoparticle have been included for the descriptor calculation in only two studies. This study proposed spherical cluster and hydroxyl metal coordination complex to calculate descriptors for development of nanoparticle cytotoxicity classification model. The model cluster was generated from metal (M) or MOx crystal structure to calculate physicochemical properties of M/MOx NPs and the hydroxyl metal coordination complex was used to calculate the properties of the metal cation in an aqueous environment. Data were collected for 2 M and 19 MOx NPs in human bronchial epithelial cell lines and murine myeloid cell lines at 100 μg/ml after 24 hours exposure. The model was developed with scaled HOMO energy of the model cluster and polarizability of the hydroxyl metal coordination complex, as reactivity of the particles and the cations explained cause of cytotoxic action by M/MOx NPs. As the developed model achieved 90.31% accuracy, the classification model in this work can be used for virtual screening of toxic action of M/MOx NPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- H K Shin
- a Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Biotechnology , Yonsei University , Seoul , Republic of Korea
| | - K Y Kim
- b Bioinformatics and Molecular Design Research Center , Yonsei Engineering Research Park , Seoul , Republic of Korea
| | - J W Park
- c Gyeongnam Department of Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry , Korea Institute of Toxicology , Jinju-si , Gyeongsangnam-do , Republic of Korea
| | - K T No
- a Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Biotechnology , Yonsei University , Seoul , Republic of Korea
- b Bioinformatics and Molecular Design Research Center , Yonsei Engineering Research Park , Seoul , Republic of Korea
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22
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Kim KY, Ekpeghere KI, Jeong HJ, Oh JE. Effects of the summer holiday season on UV filter and illicit drug concentrations in the Korean wastewater system and aquatic environment. Environ Pollut 2017; 227:587-595. [PMID: 28527425 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2017.04.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2017] [Revised: 04/20/2017] [Accepted: 04/21/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Seasonal variations in the concentrations of eight ultraviolet (UV) filters and 22 illicit drugs including their metabolites in the Korean aquatic environment were investigated. Seawater samples from three beaches, water samples from two rivers, and influents and effluents from three wastewater treatment plants were analyzed. The UV filter concentrations in the seawater, river water, and effluent samples were 39.4-296, 35.4-117, and 6.84-51.1 ng L-1, respectively. The total UV filter concentrations in the seawater samples were 1.9-4.4 times higher at the peak of the holiday season than outside the peak holiday season. An environmental risk assessment showed that ethylhexyl methoxy cinnamate (EHMC) could cause adverse effects on aquatic organisms in the seawater at the three beaches during the holiday period. Seven of the 22 target illicit drugs including their metabolites were detected in the wastewater influent samples, and the total illicit drug concentrations in the influent samples were 0.08-65.4 ng L-1. The estimated daily consumption rates for cis-tramadol (Cis-TRM), methamphetamine (MTP), meperidine (MEP), and codeine (COD) were 25.7-118.4, 13.8-36.1, 1.36-12.6, and 1.75-8.64 mg d-1 (1000 people)-1, respectively. In popular vacation area, the illicit drug consumption rates (Cis-TRM, MTP and MEP) were 1.6-2.6 times higher at the peak of the summer holiday season than at the beginning of the summer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ki Yong Kim
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Pusan National University, Jangjeon-dong, Geumjeong-gu, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Kalu Ibe Ekpeghere
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Pusan National University, Jangjeon-dong, Geumjeong-gu, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea; Department of Railroad Civil and Environmental Engineering, Woosong University, Daejeon 34606, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee-Jin Jeong
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Pusan National University, Jangjeon-dong, Geumjeong-gu, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong-Eun Oh
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Pusan National University, Jangjeon-dong, Geumjeong-gu, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea.
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23
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Shin YK, Kim KY. Macelignan inhibits bee pathogenic fungi Ascophaera apis growth through HOG1 pathway. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017; 49:S0100-879X2016000700607. [PMID: 27383123 PMCID: PMC4942228 DOI: 10.1590/1414-431x20165313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2016] [Accepted: 04/29/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Ascosphaera apis is a bee pathogen that causes bee larvae infection disease, to which treatment is not yet well investigated. The aim of this study was to investigate antifungal susceptibility in vitro against A. apis and to identify a new antifungal agent for this pathogen through minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) assay and western blot analysis. Macelignan had 1.56 and 3.125 μg/mL MIC against A. apis after 24 and 48 h, respectively, exhibiting the strongest growth inhibition against A. apis among the tested compounds (corosolic acid, dehydrocostus lactone, loganic acid, tracheloside, fangchinoline and emodin-8-O-β-D-glucopyranoside). Furthermore, macelignan showed a narrow-ranged spectrum against various fungal strains without any mammalian cell cytotoxicity. In spite of miconazole having powerful broad-ranged anti-fungal activity including A. apis, it demonstrated strong cytotoxicity. Therefore, even if macelignan alone was effective as an antifungal agent to treat A. apis, combined treatment with miconazole was more useful to overcome toxicity, drug resistance occurrence and cost effectiveness. Finally, HOG1 was revealed as a target molecule of macelignan in the anti-A. apis activity by inhibiting phosphorylation using S. cerevisiae as a model system. Based on our results, macelignan, a food-grade antimicrobial compound, would be an effective antifungal agent against A. apis infection in bees.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y K Shin
- College of Life Science, Kyung Hee University, Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-do, Korea
| | - K Y Kim
- Department of Genetic Engineering, College of Life Science and Graduate School of Biotechnology, Kyung Hee University, Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-do, Korea
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Kim SR, Kim KY, Jeong JS, Kim MJ, Kim KH, Choi KH, Kim I. Population genetic characterization of the Japanese oak silkmoth, Antheraea yamamai (Lepidoptera: Saturniidae), using novel microsatellite markers and mitochondrial DNA gene sequences. Genet Mol Res 2017; 16:gmr-16-02-gmr.16029608. [PMID: 28407192 DOI: 10.4238/gmr16029608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
The Japanese oak silkmoth, Antheraea yamamai Guérin-Méneville, 1861 (Lepidoptera: Saturniidae), is an important natural resource of industrial value for silk fiber production. Owing to a lack of geographic and population genetic information, systematic domestication of An. yamamai has not been possible yet. In this study, 10 microsatellite markers developed using next-generation sequencing and two mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) gene sequences (COI and ND4) were used to investigate the genetic variation and geographic structure of An. yamamai populations in South Korea. The two mtDNA gene sequences revealed very low total genetic variation and, consequently, low geographic variation, validating the use of more variable molecular markers. Genotyping of 76 An. yamamai individuals from nine localities in South Korea showed that the observed number of alleles at each locus ranged from 3 to 26, the polymorphism information content was 0.2990-0.9014, the observed and expected heterozygosities were 0.3252-0.9076 and 0.2500-0.9054, respectively, and FIS was -0.654-0.520. The population-based FIS, FST, RST, and global Mantel tests all suggested that the An. yamamai populations were overall well-interconnected, suggesting that any population can be used as a genetic source for domestication. Nevertheless, STRUCTURE analyses using microsatellite data and mtDNA sequences indicated the presence of two genetic pools in many populations, although a plausible explanation for this observation requires further studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- S R Kim
- Department of Agricultural Biology, National Academy of Agricultural Science, Rural Development Administration, Wanju-gun, Republic of Korea
| | - K Y Kim
- Department of Agricultural Biology, National Academy of Agricultural Science, Rural Development Administration, Wanju-gun, Republic of Korea
| | - J S Jeong
- College of Agriculture & Life Sciences, Chonnam National University, 300 Yongbong-dong, Buk-gu, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - M J Kim
- College of Agriculture & Life Sciences, Chonnam National University, 300 Yongbong-dong, Buk-gu, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - K-H Kim
- C & K Genomics Inc., Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - K H Choi
- Department of Agricultural Biology, National Academy of Agricultural Science, Rural Development Administration, Wanju-gun, Republic of Korea
| | - I Kim
- College of Agriculture & Life Sciences, Chonnam National University, 300 Yongbong-dong, Buk-gu, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
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Yoon KL, Lee HY, Yu JJ, Lee JY, Han MY, Kim KY, Huh J. Multicenter, Single-Arm, Phase IV Study of Combined Aspirin and High-Dose "IVIG-SN" Therapy for Pediatric Patients with Kawasaki Disease. Korean Circ J 2017; 47:209-214. [PMID: 28382076 PMCID: PMC5378027 DOI: 10.4070/kcj.2016.0139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2016] [Revised: 06/14/2016] [Accepted: 11/22/2016] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Intravenous immunoglobulin-SN (IVIG-SN) is a new human immunoglobulin product. Its safety is ensured by pathogen-elimination steps comprising solvent/detergent treatment and a nanofiltration process. This multicenter clinical study was designed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of combined aspirin and high-dose IVIG-SN therapy in pediatric patients with Kawasaki disease (KD). SUBJECTS AND METHODS We evaluated coronary artery lesions (CALs) at 2 and 7 weeks after administering IVIG-SN; total fever duration; and variations in erythrocyte sedimentation rate, N-terminal pro B-type natriuretic peptide or B-type natriuretic peptide, and creatine kinase-myocardial band level before and after treatment with IVIG-SN (2 g/kg). Adverse events were monitored. RESULTS Forty-five patients were enrolled, three of whom were excluded according to the exclusion criteria; the other 42 completed the study. The male:female ratio was 0.91:1, and the mean age was 29.11±17.23 months. The mean fever duration before IVIG-SN treatment was 6.45±1.30 days. Although most patients had complete KD (40 patients, 90.91%), four had atypical KD (9.09%). After IVIG-SN treatment, one patient (2.38%) had CALs, which was significantly lower than the incidence reported previously (15%) (p=0.022), but not significantly different from recent data (5%). There were no serious adverse events, though 28 patients (63.64%) had mild adverse events. Three adverse drug reactions occurred in 2 patients (eczema, anemia, and increased eosinophil count), all of which were transient. CONCLUSION IVIG-SN treatment in patients with KD was safe and effective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyung Lim Yoon
- Department of Pediatrics, Kyung Hee University Hospital at Gangdong, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hae Yong Lee
- Department of Pediatrics, Kyung Hee University Hospital at Gangdong, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jeong Jin Yu
- Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jae Young Lee
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Pediatrics, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Mi Young Han
- Department of Pediatrics, Kyung Hee University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | | | - June Huh
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Pediatrics, Heart Vascular Stroke Institute, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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26
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Salehi F, Goers AJ, Hine GA, Feder L, Kuk D, Miao B, Woodbury D, Kim KY, Milchberg HM. MeV electron acceleration at 1 kHz with <10 mJ laser pulses. Opt Lett 2017; 42:215-218. [PMID: 28081077 DOI: 10.1364/ol.42.000215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2016] [Accepted: 11/30/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
We demonstrate laser-driven acceleration of electrons to MeV-scale energies at 1 kHz repetition rate using <10 mJ pulses focused on near-critical density He and H2 gas jets. Using the H2 gas jet, electron acceleration to ∼0.5 MeV in ∼10 fC bunches was observed with laser pulse energy as low as 1.3 mJ. Increasing the pulse energy to 10 mJ, we measure ∼1 pC charge bunches with >1 MeV energy for both He and H2 gas jets.
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Park DH, Kang GB, Kang DE, Hong JW, Lee MG, Kim KY, Han JW. A new manufacturing process to remove thrombogenic factors (II, VII, IX, X, and XI) from intravenous immunoglobulin gamma preparations. Biologicals 2016; 45:1-8. [PMID: 27876270 DOI: 10.1016/j.biologicals.2016.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2016] [Revised: 10/24/2016] [Accepted: 11/07/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Coagulation factors (II, VII, IX, X, and particularly XIa) remaining in high concentrations in intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) preparations can form thrombi, causing thromboembolic events, and in serious cases, result in death. Therefore, manufacturers of biological products must investigate the ability of their production processes to remove procoagulant activities. Previously, we were able to remove coagulation factors II, VII, IX, and X from our IVIG preparation through ethanol precipitation, but factor XIa, which plays an important role in thrombosis, remained in the intermediate products. Here, we used a chromatographic process using a new resin that binds with high capacity to IgG and removes procoagulant activities. The procoagulant activities were reduced to low levels as determined by the thrombin generation assay: <1.56 mIU/mL, chromogenic FXIa assay: <0.16 mIU/mL, non-activated partial thromboplastin time (NaPTT): >250 s, FXI/FXIa ELISA: <0.31 ng/mL. Even after spiking with FXIa at a concentration 32.5 times higher than the concentration in normal specimens, the procoagulant activities were below the detection limit (<0.31 ng/mL). These results demonstrate the ability of our manufacturing process to remove procoagulant activities to below the detection limit (except by NaPTT), suggesting a reduced risk of thromboembolic events that maybe potentially caused by our IVIG preparation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Hwarn Park
- Green Cross Corp., Ihyeon-ro 30 beon-gil, Giheung-gu, Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Gil Bu Kang
- Green Cross Corp., Ihyeon-ro 30 beon-gil, Giheung-gu, Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Dae Eun Kang
- Green Cross Corp., Ihyeon-ro 30 beon-gil, Giheung-gu, Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeung Woon Hong
- Green Cross Corp., Ihyeon-ro 30 beon-gil, Giheung-gu, Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Gyu Lee
- Research Center for Epigenome Regulation, School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki Yong Kim
- Green Cross Corp., Ihyeon-ro 30 beon-gil, Giheung-gu, Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jeung Whan Han
- Research Center for Epigenome Regulation, School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea.
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Kim KS, Moon SJ, Han SH, Kim KY, Bang IC. Polymorphic microsatellite markers for the endangered fish, the slender shiner Pseudopungtungia tenuicorpa and cross-species amplification across five related species. Genet Mol Res 2016; 15:gmr8496. [PMID: 27706685 DOI: 10.4238/gmr.15038496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
The slender shiner Pseudopungtungia tenuicorpa (Cypriniformes; Cyprinidae; Gobioninae) is an endangered freshwater fish species endemic to Korea. The current strategies for its conservation involve the study of population genetic characters and identification of management units. These strategies require suitable molecular markers to study genetic diversity and genetic structure. Here, we developed nine polymorphic microsatellite markers for P. tenuicorpa for the first time by applying an enrichment method from a size-selected genomic library. The developed microsatellite markers produced a total of 101 alleles (average 11.2). The observed and expected heterozygosities averaged 0.805 and 0.835, respectively. Among the nine identified markers, five markers showed successful amplification across five related Korean Gobioninae species. Thus, the microsatellite markers developed in this study will be useful to establish conservation strategies for both P. tenuicorpa and other related species.
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Affiliation(s)
- K S Kim
- East Sea Environment Research Center, East Sea Research Institute, Korea Institute of Ocean Science & Technology, Uljin, Republic of Korea
| | - S J Moon
- Department of Life Science & Biotechnology, Soonchunhyang University, Asan, Republic of Korea
| | - S H Han
- Department of Life Science & Biotechnology, Soonchunhyang University, Asan, Republic of Korea
| | - K Y Kim
- AquaGenTech Co., Ltd., Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - I C Bang
- Department of Life Science & Biotechnology, Soonchunhyang University, Asan, Republic of Korea
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Rashid A, Kim S, Liu D, Kim KY. A dynamic oppositional biogeography-based optimization approach for time-varying electrical impedance tomography. Physiol Meas 2016; 37:820-42. [PMID: 27203482 DOI: 10.1088/0967-3334/37/6/820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Dynamic electrical impedance tomography-based image reconstruction using conventional algorithms such as the extended Kalman filter often exhibits inferior performance due to the presence of measurement noise, the inherent ill-posed nature of the problem and its critical dependence on the selection of the initial guess as well as the state evolution model. Moreover, many of these conventional algorithms require the calculation of a Jacobian matrix. This paper proposes a dynamic oppositional biogeography-based optimization (OBBO) technique to estimate the shape, size and location of the non-stationary region boundaries, expressed as coefficients of truncated Fourier series, inside an object domain using electrical impedance tomography. The conductivity of the object domain is assumed to be known a priori. Dynamic OBBO is a novel addition to the family of dynamic evolutionary algorithms. Moreover, it is the first such study on the application of dynamic evolutionary algorithms for dynamic electrical impedance tomography-based image reconstruction. The performance of the algorithm is tested through numerical simulations and experimental study and is compared with state-of-the-art gradient-based extended Kalman filter. The dynamic OBBO is shown to be far superior compared to the extended Kalman filter. It is found to be robust to measurement noise as well as the initial guess, and does not rely on a priori knowledge of the state evolution model.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Rashid
- Faculty of Computer Sciences and Engineering, GIK Institute of Engineering Science and Technology, Topi, Swabi, Pakistan
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Kim KY, Lai FY, Kim HY, Thai PK, Mueller JF, Oh JE. The first application of wastewater-based drug epidemiology in five South Korean cities. Sci Total Environ 2015; 524-525:440-6. [PMID: 25933175 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2015.04.065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2015] [Revised: 03/30/2015] [Accepted: 04/13/2015] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Illicit drug consumption in five cities in South Korea was estimated by analyzing 17 drug residues in untreated wastewater samples collected during the Christmas and New Year period of 2012-13. Only methamphetamine, amphetamine, and codeine were detected at concentrations of tens of nanograms per liter or even lower concentrations in more than 90% of the samples. Other illicit drug residues (including cocaine, methadone, and benzoylecgonine) that have been detected frequently in wastewater from other countries were not found in this study. Methamphetamine was found to be the most widely used illicit drug in South Korea, and the estimated average consumption rate was 22 mg d(-1) (1000 people)(-1). This rate is, for example, 2-5 times lower than the estimated average consumption rates in Hong Kong and other parts of China and 4-80 times lower than the estimated average consumption rates in cities in Western countries. It should be noted that the wastewater samples analyzed in this study were collected during a holiday season, when daily consumption of illicit drugs is often higher than on an average day. The methamphetamine usage rates were calculated for different cities in South Korea, and the usage rates in smaller cities was higher (2-4 times) than the average.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ki Yong Kim
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Pusan National University Busan 609-735, Republic of Korea
| | - Foon Yin Lai
- The National Research Centre for Environmental Toxicology (Entox), The University of Queensland, 39 Kessels Road, Coopers Plains, Queensland 4108, Australia
| | - Hee-Young Kim
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Pusan National University Busan 609-735, Republic of Korea
| | - Phong K Thai
- The National Research Centre for Environmental Toxicology (Entox), The University of Queensland, 39 Kessels Road, Coopers Plains, Queensland 4108, Australia
| | - Jochen F Mueller
- The National Research Centre for Environmental Toxicology (Entox), The University of Queensland, 39 Kessels Road, Coopers Plains, Queensland 4108, Australia.
| | - Jeong-Eun Oh
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Pusan National University Busan 609-735, Republic of Korea.
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Kim KY, Myong JP, Kim HR, Lee HE, Jang TW, Koo JW, Park CY. Dose-related effect of urinary cotinine levels on pulmonary function among Korean women. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis 2015; 18:622-7. [PMID: 24903802 DOI: 10.5588/ijtld.13.0677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
SETTING Country-wide general population in South Korea. BACKGROUND The dose-response relationship between smoking and pulmonary function in women may have been significantly over-estimated by studies that employed a self-reporting questionnaire. OBJECTIVE To evaluate whether this relationship was still observed among Korean women when smoking levels were determined by urinary cotinine measurements. DESIGN A total of 4584 Korean women from the spirometry data set of the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys IV and V (2008-2010) were included. Analysis of covariance was performed to estimate the dose-related effect of urinary cotinine levels on pulmonary function after adjusting for covariates in this country-wide cross-sectional study. RESULTS Compared to urinary cotinine levels (cut-off 50 ng/ml), the false-positive rate of self-reported smoking was 53.2%. After the smokers were divided into deciles, the regression coefficients for percentage forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV₁%) and percentage forced expiratory volume/forced volume capacity (FEV₁/FVC) ratio (FEV1/FVC%) were -0.2903 and -0.2680 (%/decile), respectively (both P < 0.001). CONCLUSION It is necessary to use objective methods when determining the smoking status of Korean women. Even after reducing information bias, smoking affected pulmonary function in a dose-dependent manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Y Kim
- Department of Occupational & Environmental Medicine, Korea Medical Institute, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - J-P Myong
- Department of Occupational & Environmental Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - H-R Kim
- Department of Occupational & Environmental Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - H E Lee
- Department of Occupational & Environmental Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - T-W Jang
- Department of Occupational & Environmental Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - J-W Koo
- Department of Occupational & Environmental Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - C Y Park
- Department of Occupational & Environmental Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Yim WJ, Kim KY, Lee YW, Sundaram SP, Lee Y, Sa TM. Real time expression of ACC oxidase and PR-protein genes mediated by Methylobacterium spp. in tomato plants challenged with Xanthomonas campestris pv. vesicatoria. J Plant Physiol 2014; 171:1064-75. [PMID: 24974333 DOI: 10.1016/j.jplph.2014.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2014] [Revised: 03/28/2014] [Accepted: 03/29/2014] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Biotic stress like pathogenic infection increases ethylene biosynthesis in plants and ethylene inhibitors are known to alleviate the severity of plant disease incidence. This study aimed to reduce the bacterial spot disease incidence in tomato plants caused by Xanthomonas campestris pv. vesicatoria (XCV) by modulating stress ethylene with 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate (ACC) deaminase activity of Methylobacterium strains. Under greenhouse condition, Methylobacterium strains inoculated and pathogen challenged tomato plants had low ethylene emission compared to pathogen infected ones. ACC accumulation and ACC oxidase (ACO) activity with ACO related gene expression increased in XCV infected tomato plants over Methylobacterium strains inoculated plants. Among the Methylobacterium spp., CBMB12 resulted lowest ACO related gene expression (1.46 Normalized Fold Expression), whereas CBMB20 had high gene expression (3.42 Normalized Fold Expression) in pathogen challenged tomato. But a significant increase in ACO gene expression (7.09 Normalized Fold Expression) was observed in the bacterial pathogen infected plants. In contrast, Methylobacterium strains enhanced β-1,3-glucanase and phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL) enzyme activities in pathogen challenged tomato plants. The respective increase in β-1,3-glucanase related gene expressions due to CBMB12, CBMB15, and CBMB20 strains were 66.3, 25.5 and 10.4% higher over pathogen infected plants. Similarly, PAL gene expression was high with 0.67 and 0.30 Normalized Fold Expression, in pathogen challenged tomato plants inoculated with CBMB12 and CBMB15 strains. The results suggest that ethylene is a crucial factor in bacterial spot disease incidence and that methylobacteria with ACC deaminase activity can reduce the disease severity with ultimate pathogenesis-related protein increase in tomato.
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Affiliation(s)
- W J Yim
- Department of Environmental and Biological Chemistry, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk 361-763, South Korea
| | - K Y Kim
- Department of Environmental and Biological Chemistry, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk 361-763, South Korea
| | - Y W Lee
- Department of Environmental and Biological Chemistry, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk 361-763, South Korea
| | - S P Sundaram
- Department of Environmental and Biological Chemistry, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk 361-763, South Korea
| | - Y Lee
- Department of Industrial Plant Science and Technology, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk 361-763, South Korea
| | - T M Sa
- Department of Environmental and Biological Chemistry, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk 361-763, South Korea.
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Kim KY, Scholl ES, Liu X, Shepherd A, Haeseleer F, Lee A. Localization and expression of CaBP1/caldendrin in the mouse brain. Neuroscience 2014; 268:33-47. [PMID: 24631676 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2014.02.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2014] [Revised: 02/26/2014] [Accepted: 02/27/2014] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Ca(2+) binding protein 1 (CaBP1) and caldendrin are alternatively spliced variants of a subfamily of CaBPs with high homology to calmodulin. Although CaBP1 and caldendrin regulate effectors including plasma membrane and intracellular Ca(2+) channels in heterologous expression systems, little is known about their functions in vivo. Therefore, we generated mice deficient in CaBP1/caldendrin expression (C-KO) and analyzed the expression and cellular localization of CaBP1 and caldendrin in the mouse brain. Immunoperoxidase labeling with antibodies recognizing both CaBP1 and caldendrin was absent in the brain of C-KO mice, but was intense in multiple brain regions of wild-type mice. By Western blot, the antibodies detected two proteins that were absent in the C-KO mouse and consistent in size with caldendrin variants originating from alternative translation initiation sites. By quantitative PCR, caldendrin transcript levels were far greater than those for CaBP1, particularly in the cerebral cortex and hippocampus. In the frontal cortex but not in the hippocampus, caldendrin expression increased steadily from birth. By double-label immunofluorescence, CaBP1/caldendrin was localized in principal neurons and parvalbumin-positive interneurons. In the cerebellum, CaBP1/caldendrin antibodies labeled interneurons in the molecular layer and in basket cell terminals surrounding the soma and axon initial segment of Purkinje neurons, but immunolabeling was absent in Purkinje neurons. We conclude that CaBP1/caldendrin is localized both pre- and postsynaptically where it may regulate Ca(2+) signaling and excitability in select groups of excitatory and inhibitory neurons.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Y Kim
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA; Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA; Department of Neurology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - E S Scholl
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA; Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA; Department of Neurology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - X Liu
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA; Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA; Department of Neurology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - A Shepherd
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - F Haeseleer
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - A Lee
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA; Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA; Department of Neurology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA.
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Noh YH, Kim JY, Kim DH, Kim OH, Park J, Kee BS, Sohn DS, Kim D, Chung YH, Kim KY, Lee WB, Kim SS. [Recovery from parkinsonism with N-acetylcysteine-differentiated neurons]. Mol Biol (Mosk) 2013; 47:618-624. [PMID: 24466751 DOI: 10.7868/s0026898413040186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The upregulation of dopaminergic neuronal differentiation is necessary for stem cell therapy in Parkinson's disease (PD). In this study, neuronal differentiation efficiency increased by more than 2 times in P19 embryonic stem cells (ESCs) induced by N-acetylcysteine (NAC) and retinoic acid (RA) as compared to RA alone, with suppressed glial differentiation. The majority of NAC-treated stem cells grafted into brains of PD mice differentiated into dopaminergic neurons and persisted well for 6 weeks. Parkinsonism was also greatly improved after grafting NAC-treated cells in comparison to cells treated with only RA. Our results strongly suggest that NAC treatment may be an effective strategy for generating stem cells fated to become dopaminergic neurons for PD clinical therapy.
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You YS, Oh TI, Kim KY. Off-axis phase-matched terahertz emission from two-color laser-induced plasma filaments. Phys Rev Lett 2012; 109:183902. [PMID: 23215280 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.109.183902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
We observe off-axis phase-matched terahertz generation in long air-plasma filaments produced by femtosecond two-color laser focusing. Here, phase matching naturally occurs due to off-axis constructive interference between locally generated terahertz waves, and this determines the far-field terahertz radiation profiles and yields. For a filament longer than the characteristic two-color dephasing length, it emits conical terahertz radiation in the off-axis direction, peaked at 4-7° depending on the radiation frequencies. The total terahertz yield continuously increases with the filament length, well beyond the dephasing length. The phase-matching condition observed here provides a simple method for scalable terahertz generation in elongated plasmas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y S You
- Institute for Research in Electronics and Applied Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
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Noh YH, Chob HS, Kim DH, Kim OH, Park J, Lee SA, Yang HS, Sohn DS, Kim W, Kim D, Chung YH, Kim KY, Kim SS, Lee WB. N-acetylcysteine enhances neuronal differentiation of P19 embryonic stem cells via Akt and N-cadherin activation. Mol Biol (Mosk) 2012; 46:741-746. [PMID: 23156673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
We examined whether N-acetylcysteine (NAC) enhanced embryonic body (EB) formation and neuronal differentiation in terms of EB formation, neuronal marker (microtubule-associated protein 2; MAP-2) expression, and neuron maturation using P19 embryonic stem cells. The size and numbers of EBs were greatly increased, together with the up-regulated N-cadherin expression. Also, MAP-2 expression and neurite outgrowth were much increased with activation of serine/threonine protein kinase (Akt) and blocked by addition of an Akt inhibitor (LY294002). Our results suggested that NAC increased EB formation by up-regulating the N-cadherin expression. Furthermore, NAC-enhanced neuronal differentiation was mediated by activation of Akt.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y H Noh
- Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, College of Medicine, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 156-756, Korea
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Abstract
Two-dimensional (2-D) transverse photocurrent generation is studied and applied to control and optimize terahertz energy and polarization in two-color, laser-produced air filaments. A full control of terahertz output is demonstrated and explained in the context of 2-D photocurrent model.
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Affiliation(s)
- T I Oh
- Institute for Research in Electronics and Applied Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
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Kim YS, Kang SJ, Kim JW, Cho HR, Moon SB, Kim KY, Lee HS, Han CH, Ku SK, Lee YJ. Effects of Polycan, a β-glucan, on experimental periodontitis and alveolar bone loss in Sprague-Dawley rats. J Periodontal Res 2012; 47:800-10. [PMID: 22780690 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0765.2012.01502.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Polycan is a promising candidate for the treatment of periodontal disease. This study was undertaken to examine whether Polycan, a type of β-glucan, has a protective effect on ligature-induced experimental periodontitis and related alveolar bone loss in Sprague-Dawley rats. MATERIAL AND METHODS Polycan was orally administered, daily, for 10 d, at 21.25, 42.5 or 85 mg/kg, beginning 1 d after ligation. Changes in body weight and alveolar bone loss were monitored, and the anti-inflammatory effects of Polycan were determined by measuring the levels of myeloperoxidase (MPO), interleukin-1beta (IL-1β) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) in gingival tissue. We also evaluated inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) activity and malondialdehyde (MDA) concentrations as a measure of the antioxidant effect. RESULTS Ligature placement led to a marked decrease in body weight, increased alveolar bone loss and increased concentrations of MPO, IL-1β, TNF-α and MDA, as well as increased iNOS activity and inflammatory cell infiltration and decreased collagen-fiber content. Histological examination revealed increases in the number and activity of osteoclast cells, decreases in alveolar bone volume and elevated percentages of osteclasts on the alveolar bone surface. Daily oral treatment with 42.5 or 85 mg/kg of Polycan for 10 d led to significant, dose-dependent inhibition of the effect of ligature placement. CONCLUSION Taken together, these results suggest that 10 d of oral treatment with Polycan effectively inhibits ligature placement-induced periodontitis and related alveolar bone loss via an antioxidant effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y S Kim
- Department of Dental Hygiene, Daegu Health College, Daegu, Korea
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Cheon JW, Kim EY, Kim KY, Park JB, Shin YK, Kim KY, Chae HD. A case of gossypiboma masquerading as a gastrointestinal stromal tumor. Clin Endosc 2012; 44:51-4. [PMID: 22741113 PMCID: PMC3363045 DOI: 10.5946/ce.2011.44.1.51] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2011] [Revised: 08/25/2011] [Accepted: 08/31/2011] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Gossypiboma refers to a mass resulting from a retained gauze pad accidentally left within the body after surgery. Although the clinical features are diverse, it is often found incidentally as a mass having an internal cystic change and adhesion to adjacent organs. Abdominal computed tomography (CT) is helpful, yet the initial diagnosis can be misleading in cases with atypical findings. We report a case of gossypiboma in a 78-year-old woman that we suspected was a gastrointestinal stromal tumor according to abdominal CT and endoscopic ultrasound, yet was diagnosed as a gossypiboma postoperatively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jong Woon Cheon
- Department of Internal Medicine, Catholic University of Daegu College of Medicine, Daegu, Korea
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Avila C, Huang RJ, Stevens MV, Aponte AM, Tripodi D, Kim KY, Sack MN. Platelet mitochondrial dysfunction is evident in type 2 diabetes in association with modifications of mitochondrial anti-oxidant stress proteins. Exp Clin Endocrinol Diabetes 2011; 120:248-51. [PMID: 21922457 DOI: 10.1055/s-0031-1285833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress in insulin responsive tissues is implicated in the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes. Whether these perturbations extend to other tissues and contribute to their pathophysiology is less well established. The objective of this study was to investigate platelet mitochondria to evaluate whether type 2 diabetes associated mitochondrial dysfunction is evident in circulating cells. METHOD A pilot study of mitochondrial respiratory function and proteomic changes comparing platelets extracted from insulin sensitive (n=8) and type 2 diabetic subjects (n=7). RESULTS In-situ platelet mitochondria show diminished oxygen consumption and lower oxygen-dependent ATP synthesis in diabetic vs. control subjects. Mass spectrometric identification and confirmatory immunoblot analysis identifies induction of the mitochondrial anti-oxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase 2 and thioredoxin-dependent peroxide reductase 3 in platelets of diabetic subjects. As oxidative stress upregulates anti-oxidant enzymes we assessed mitochondrial protein carbonylation as an index of oxidative-stress. Platelets of diabetic subjects exhibit significantly increased protein carbonylation compared to controls. CONCLUSIONS As platelets are anuclear fragments of megakaryocytes, our data suggest that the bone marrow compartment in type 2 diabetic subjects is exposed to increased mitochondrial oxidative stress with upregulation of nuclear-encoded antioxidant mitochondrial enzymes. This 'stress-signature' in platelets of diabetic subjects is associated with a diminution of their mitochondrial contribution to energy production and support that mitochondrial perturbations in type 2 diabetes extends beyond the classical insulin responsive tissues. Platelets, as "accessible human tissue", may be useful to measure the mitochondrial modulatory effects of emerging anti-diabetic therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Avila
- Center for Molecular Medicine, NHLBI, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
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Park K, Kim KY. Synthesis and photoluminescence of nano-sized (Gd,Y)PO4:Eu3+ by solution combustion method. J Nanosci Nanotechnol 2011; 11:7361-7364. [PMID: 22103196 DOI: 10.1166/jnn.2011.4774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
We synthesized (Gd(1-x)Yx)(0.94)PO4:Eu(0.06) (0 < or = x < or = 1.0) phosphor powders of an ultra-fine size (approximately 23 nm), smooth surface, and spherical and regular morphologies by the solution combustion method. The crystallite sizes of the annealed (Gd(1-x)Yx)(0.94)PO4:Eu(0.06) phosphors with x = 0, 0.25, 0.5, 0.75, and 1.0 were 63.3, 62.3, 49.9, 45.1, and 43.3 nm, respectively. The photoluminescent characteristics of the phosphors were studied under vacuum ultraviolet excitation, depending on the Y3+ concentration. The intensity of the peaks corresponding to the red emission increased with increases in the Y3+ concentration. The Y(0.94)PO4:Eu(0.06) phosphor emitted the strongest intensity and the purest red color.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Park
- Faculty of Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials Engineering, Sejong University, Seoul 143-747, Korea
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Rashid A, Kim BS, Khambampati AK, Kim S, Kim KY. An oppositional biogeography-based optimization technique to reconstruct organ boundaries in the human thorax using electrical impedance tomography. Physiol Meas 2011; 32:767-96. [DOI: 10.1088/0967-3334/32/7/s04] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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Kim JH, Kim HS, Seo WY, Nam CM, Kim KY, Jeung HC, Lai JF, Chung HC, Noh SH, Rha SY. External validation of nomogram for the prediction of recurrence after curative resection in early gastric cancer. Ann Oncol 2011; 23:361-7. [PMID: 21566150 DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdr118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nomograms are statistics-based tools that provide the overall probability of a specific outcome. In our previous study, we developed a nomogram that predicts recurrence of early gastric cancer (EGC) after curative resection. We carried out this study to externally validate our EGC nomogram. PATIENTS AND METHODS The EGC nomogram was established from a retrospective EGC database that included 2923 consecutive patients. This nomogram was independently externally validated for a cohort of 1058 consecutive patients. For the EGC nomogram validation, we assessed both discrimination and calibration. RESULTS Within the follow-up period (median 37 months), a total of 11 patients (1.1%) experienced recurrence. The concordance index (c-index) was 0.7 (P = 0.02) and the result of the overall C index was 0.82 [P = 0.006, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.59-1.00]. The goodness of fit test showed that the EGC nomogram had significantly good fit for 1- and 2-year survival intervals (P = 0.998 and 0.879, respectively). The actual and predicted survival outcomes showed good agreement, suggesting that the survival predictions from the nomogram are well calibrated externally. CONCLUSIONS A preexisting nomogram for predicting disease-free survival (DFS) of EGC after surgery was externally validated. The nomogram is useful for accurate and individual prediction of DFS, patient prognostication, counseling, and follow-up planning.
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Affiliation(s)
- J H Kim
- Yonsei Cancer Center, Yonsei Cancer Research Institute, Seoul, Korea
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Ryu JJ, Yoo S, Kim KY, Park JS, Bang S, Lee SH, Yang TJ, Cho H, Hwang SW. Laser modulation of heat and capsaicin receptor TRPV1 leads to thermal antinociception. J Dent Res 2010; 89:1455-60. [PMID: 20935279 DOI: 10.1177/0022034510381394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Er,Cr:YSGG lasers are used clinically in dentistry. The advantages of laser therapy include minimal thermal damage and the alleviation of pain. This study examined whether the Er,Cr:YSGG laser has in vivo and in vitro antinociceptive effects in itself. In capsaicin-evoked acute licking/shaking tests and Hargreaves tests, laser irradiation with an aerated water spray suppressed nociceptive behavior in mice. Laser irradiation attenuated TRPV1 activation by capsaicin in Ca(2+) imaging experiments with TRPV1-overexpressing cells and cultured trigeminal neurons. Therefore, the laser-induced behavioral changes are probably due to the loss of TRPV1 activity. TRPV4 activity was also attenuated, but limited mechanical antinociception by the laser was observed. The laser failed to alter the other receptor functions, which indicates that the antinociceptive effect of the laser is dependent on TRPV1. These results suggest that the Er,Cr:YSGG laser has analgesic effects via TRPV1 inhibition. Such mechanistic approaches may help define the laser-sensitive pain modality and increase its beneficial uses.
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Affiliation(s)
- J-J Ryu
- Department of Dentistry, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul 136-705, Korea
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Lee KJ, Yoo HS, Kim KY, Jeong JH, Park CW. Nasal and Exhaled Nitric Oxide in Allergic Rhinitis. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.otohns.2010.06.791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Kim KY, Ju WK, Hegedus B, Gutmann DH, Ellisman MH. Ultrastructural characterization of the optic pathway in a mouse model of neurofibromatosis-1 optic glioma. Neuroscience 2010; 170:178-88. [PMID: 20600672 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2010.06.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2009] [Revised: 06/08/2010] [Accepted: 06/09/2010] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate the progression of changes in retinal ganglion cells and optic nerve glia in neurofibromatosis-1 (NF1) genetically-engineered mice with optic glioma. Optic glioma tumors were generated in Nf1+/- mice lacking Nf1 expression in GFAP+ cells (astrocytes). Standard immunohistochemistry methods were employed to identify astrocytes (GFAP, S100beta), proliferating progenitor cells (sox2, nestin), microglia (Iba1), endothelial cells (CD31) and retinal ganglion cell (RGC) axons (Neurofilament 68k) in Nf1+/-, Nf1(GFAP)CKO (wild-type mice with Nf1 loss in glial cells), and Nf1+/-(GFAP)CKO (Nf1+/- mice with Nf1 loss in glial cells) mice. Ultrastructural changes in the optic chiasm and nerve were assessed by electron microscopy (EM). RGC were counted in whole retina preparations using high-resolution, mosaic confocal microscopy following their delineation by retrograde FluoroGold labeling. We found that only Nf1+/-(GFAP)CKO mice exhibited gross pre-chiasmatic optic nerve and chiasm enlargements containing aggregated GFAP+/nestin+ and S100beta+/sox2+ cells (neoplastic glia) as well as increased numbers of blood vessels and microglia. Optic gliomas in Nf1+/-(GFAP)CKO mice contained axon fiber irregularities and multilamellar bodies of degenerated myelin. EM and EM tomographic analyses showed increased glial disorganization, disoriented axonal projections, profiles of degenerating myelin and structural alterations at nodes of Ranvier. Lastly, we found reduced RGC numbers in Nf1+/-(GFAP)CKO mice, supporting a model in which the combination of optic nerve Nf1 heterozygosity and glial cell Nf1 loss results in disrupted axonal-glial relationships, subsequently culminating in the degeneration of optic nerve axons and loss of their parent RGC neurons.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Y Kim
- Center for Research in Biological Systems, National Center for Microscopy and Imaging Research and Department of Neurosciences, University of California San Diego School of Medicine, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
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Kim YC, Ko Y, Hong SD, Kim KY, Lee YH, Chae C, Choi Y. Presence ofPorphyromonas gingivalisand plasma cell dominance in gingival tissues with periodontitis. Oral Dis 2010; 16:375-81. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1601-0825.2009.01649.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Lachniet J, Afanasev A, Arenhövel H, Brooks WK, Gilfoyle GP, Higinbotham D, Jeschonnek S, Quinn B, Vineyard MF, Adams G, Adhikari KP, Amaryan MJ, Anghinolfi M, Asavapibhop B, Asryan G, Avakian H, Bagdasaryan H, Baillie N, Ball JP, Baltzell NA, Barrow S, Batourine V, Battaglieri M, Beard K, Bedlinskiy I, Bektasoglu M, Bellis M, Benmouna N, Berman BL, Biselli AS, Bonner BE, Bookwalter C, Bouchigny S, Boiarinov S, Bradford R, Branford D, Briscoe WJ, Bültmann S, Burkert VD, Calarco JR, Careccia SL, Carman DS, Casey L, Cheng L, Cole PL, Coleman A, Collins P, Cords D, Corvisiero P, Crabb D, Crede V, Cummings JP, Dale D, Daniel A, Dashyan N, De Masi R, De Vita R, De Sanctis E, Degtyarenko PV, Denizli H, Dennis L, Deur A, Dhamija S, Dharmawardane KV, Dhuga KS, Dickson R, Djalali C, Dodge GE, Doughty D, Dragovitsch P, Dugger M, Dytman S, Dzyubak OP, Egiyan H, Egiyan KS, El Fassi L, Elouadrhiri L, Empl A, Eugenio P, Fatemi R, Fedotov G, Fersch R, Feuerbach RJ, Forest TA, Fradi A, Gabrielyan MY, Garçon M, Gavalian G, Gevorgyan N, Giovanetti KL, Girod FX, Goetz JT, Gohn W, Golovatch E, Gothe RW, Graham L, Griffioen KA, Guidal M, Guillo M, Guler N, Guo L, Gyurjyan V, Hadjidakis C, Hafidi K, Hakobyan H, Hanretty C, Hardie J, Hassall N, Heddle D, Hersman FW, Hicks K, Hleiqawi I, Holtrop M, Hu J, Huertas M, Hyde-Wright CE, Ilieva Y, Ireland DG, Ishkhanov BS, Isupov EL, Ito MM, Jenkins D, Jo HS, Johnstone JR, Joo K, Juengst HG, Kageya T, Kalantarians N, Keller D, Kellie JD, Khandaker M, Khetarpal P, Kim KY, Kim K, Kim W, Klein A, Klein FJ, Klusman M, Konczykowski P, Kossov M, Kramer LH, Kubarovsky V, Kuhn J, Kuhn SE, Kuleshov SV, Kuznetsov V, Laget JM, Langheinrich J, Lawrence D, Lima ACS, Livingston K, Lowry M, Lu HY, Lukashin K, Maccormick M, Malace S, Manak JJ, Markov N, Mattione P, McAleer S, McCracken ME, McKinnon B, McNabb JWC, Mecking BA, Mestayer MD, Meyer CA, Mibe T, Mikhailov K, Mineeva T, Minehart R, Mirazita M, Miskimen R, Mokeev V, Moreno B, Moriya K, Morrow SA, Moteabbed M, Mueller J, Munevar E, Mutchler GS, Nadel-Turonski P, Nasseripour R, Niccolai S, Niculescu G, Niculescu I, Niczyporuk BB, Niroula MR, Niyazov RA, Nozar M, O'Rielly GV, Osipenko M, Ostrovidov AI, Park K, Park S, Pasyuk E, Paterson C, Pereira SA, Philips SA, Pierce J, Pivnyuk N, Pocanic D, Pogorelko O, Polli E, Popa I, Pozdniakov S, Preedom BM, Price JW, Prok Y, Protopopescu D, Qin LM, Raue BA, Riccardi G, Ricco G, Ripani M, Ritchie BG, Rosner G, Rossi P, Rowntree D, Rubin PD, Sabatié F, Saini MS, Salamanca J, Salgado C, Sandorfi A, Santoro JP, Sapunenko V, Schott D, Schumacher RA, Serov VS, Sharabian YG, Sharov D, Shaw J, Shvedunov NV, Skabelin AV, Smith ES, Smith LC, Sober DI, Sokhan D, Starostin A, Stavinsky A, Stepanyan S, Stepanyan SS, Stokes BE, Stoler P, Stopani KA, Strakovsky II, Strauch S, Suleiman R, Taiuti M, Taylor S, Tedeschi DJ, Thompson R, Tkabladze A, Tkachenko S, Ungaro M, Vlassov AV, Watts DP, Wei X, Weinstein LB, Weygand DP, Williams M, Wolin E, Wood MH, Yegneswaran A, Yun J, Yurov M, Zana L, Zhang J, Zhao B, Zhao ZW. Precise measurement of the neutron magnetic form factor G(M)n in the few-GeV2 region. Phys Rev Lett 2009; 102:192001. [PMID: 19518944 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.102.192001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2008] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
The neutron elastic magnetic form factor was extracted from quasielastic electron scattering on deuterium over the range Q;{2}=1.0-4.8 GeV2 with the CLAS detector at Jefferson Lab. High precision was achieved with a ratio technique and a simultaneous in situ calibration of the neutron detection efficiency. Neutrons were detected with electromagnetic calorimeters and time-of-flight scintillators at two beam energies. The dipole parametrization gives a good description of the data.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Lachniet
- Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, USA and Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
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Kim KY, Nam KA, Kurihara H, Kim SM. Potent alpha-glucosidase inhibitors purified from the red alga Grateloupia elliptica. Phytochemistry 2008; 69:2820-5. [PMID: 18951591 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2008.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 179] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2007] [Revised: 05/22/2008] [Accepted: 09/07/2008] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus is a most serious and chronic disease whose incidence rates are increasing with incidences of obesity and aging of the general population over the world. One therapeutic approach for decreasing postprandial hyperglycemia is to retard absorption of glucose by inhibition of alpha-glucosidase. Two bromophenols, 2,4,6-tribromophenol and 2,4-dibromophenol, were purified from the red alga Grateloupia elliptica. IC(50) values of 2,4,6-tribromophenol and 2,4-dibromophenol were 60.3 and 110.4 microM against Saccharomyces cerevisiae alpha-glucosidase, and 130.3 and 230.3 microM against Bacillus stearothermophilus alpha-glucosidase, respectively. In addition, both mildly inhibited rat-intestinal sucrase (IC(50) of 4.2 and 3.6mM) and rat-intestinal maltase (IC(50) of 5.0 and 4.8mM). Therefore, bromophenols of G. elliptica have potential as natural nutraceuticals to prevent diabetes mellitus because of their high alpha-glucosidase inhibitory activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Y Kim
- Faculty of Marine Bioscience and Technology, Kangnung National University, 120 Gangneungdaehangno, Gangwondo 210-702, Republic of Korea
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Kim KY, Yellampalle B, Glownia JH, Taylor AJ, Rodriguez G. Measurements of terahertz electrical conductivity of intense laser-heated dense aluminum plasmas. Phys Rev Lett 2008; 100:135002. [PMID: 18517962 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.100.135002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2007] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
We report the electrical conductivity of laser-produced warm dense aluminum plasmas measured using single-shot ultrafast terahertz (THz) frequency spectroscopy. In contrast with experiments performed at optical frequencies, measurements based upon THz probe reflectivity directly determine a quasi-dc electrical conductivity, and therefore the analysis does not require a free-electron Drude model based extrapolation to recover the near zero frequency conductivity. In fact, our experimental results indicate that the Drude model breaks down for warm (>0.6 eV), moderate-dense (<1.6 g/cm(3)) aluminum at THz frequencies. A calculation of THz reflectivity over a non-Fresnel boundary in dense plasmas is also presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Y Kim
- Materials Physics and Applications Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
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