1
|
Varsi F, Ahmad S, Chakraborty M, Chandra A, Dugad SR, Goswami UD, Gupta SK, Hariharan B, Hayashi Y, Jagadeesan P, Jain A, Jain P, Kawakami S, Kojima H, Lipari P, Mahapatra S, Mohanty PK, Moharana R, Muraki Y, Nayak PK, Nonaka T, Oshima A, Pant BP, Pattanaik D, Paul S, Pradhan GS, Rameez M, Ramesh K, Reddy LV, Saha S, Sahoo R, Scaria R, Shibata S, Zuberi M. Evidence of a Hardening in the Cosmic Ray Proton Spectrum at around 166 TeV Observed by the GRAPES-3 Experiment. Phys Rev Lett 2024; 132:051002. [PMID: 38364164 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.132.051002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Revised: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 02/18/2024]
Abstract
We present the measurement of the cosmic ray proton spectrum from 50 TeV to 1.3 PeV using 7.81×10^{6} extensive air shower events recorded by the ground-based GRAPES-3 experiment between 1 January 2014 and 26 October 2015 with a live time of 460 day. Our measurements provide an overlap with direct observations by satellite and balloon-based experiments. The electromagnetic and muon components in the shower were measured by a dense array of plastic scintillator detectors and a tracking muon telescope, respectively. The relative composition of the proton primary from the air shower data containing all primary particles was extracted using the multiplicity distribution of muons which is a sensitive observable for mass composition. The observed proton spectrum suggests a spectral hardening at ∼166 TeV and disfavors a single power law description of the spectrum up to the Knee energy (∼3 PeV).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- F Varsi
- Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur 208016, India
| | - S Ahmad
- Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, India
| | - M Chakraborty
- Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Homi Bhabha Road, Mumbai 400005, India
| | - A Chandra
- Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, India
| | - S R Dugad
- Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Homi Bhabha Road, Mumbai 400005, India
| | - U D Goswami
- Dibrugarh University, Dibrugarh 786004, India
| | - S K Gupta
- Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Homi Bhabha Road, Mumbai 400005, India
| | - B Hariharan
- Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Homi Bhabha Road, Mumbai 400005, India
| | - Y Hayashi
- Graduate School of Science, Osaka Metropolitan University, Sugimoto, Sumiyoshi, Osaka 558-8585, Japan
| | - P Jagadeesan
- Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Homi Bhabha Road, Mumbai 400005, India
| | - A Jain
- Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Homi Bhabha Road, Mumbai 400005, India
| | - P Jain
- Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur 208016, India
| | - S Kawakami
- Graduate School of Science, Osaka Metropolitan University, Sugimoto, Sumiyoshi, Osaka 558-8585, Japan
| | - H Kojima
- College of Engineering, Chubu University, Kasugai, Aichi 487-8501, Japan
| | - P Lipari
- INFN, Sezione Roma "Sapienza", Piazzale Aldo Moro 2, 00185 Roma, Italy
| | | | - P K Mohanty
- Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Homi Bhabha Road, Mumbai 400005, India
| | - R Moharana
- Indian Institute of Technology Jodhpur, Jodhpur 342037, India
| | - Y Muraki
- Institute for Space-Earth Environmental Research, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan
| | - P K Nayak
- Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Homi Bhabha Road, Mumbai 400005, India
| | - T Nonaka
- Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, Tokyo University, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8582, Japan
| | - A Oshima
- College of Engineering, Chubu University, Kasugai, Aichi 487-8501, Japan
| | - B P Pant
- Indian Institute of Technology Jodhpur, Jodhpur 342037, India
| | - D Pattanaik
- Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Homi Bhabha Road, Mumbai 400005, India
- Utkal University, Bhubaneswar 751004, India
| | - S Paul
- Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Homi Bhabha Road, Mumbai 400005, India
| | - G S Pradhan
- Indian Institute of Technology Indore, Indore 453552, India
| | - M Rameez
- Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Homi Bhabha Road, Mumbai 400005, India
| | - K Ramesh
- Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Homi Bhabha Road, Mumbai 400005, India
| | - L V Reddy
- Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Homi Bhabha Road, Mumbai 400005, India
| | - S Saha
- Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur 208016, India
| | - R Sahoo
- Indian Institute of Technology Indore, Indore 453552, India
| | - R Scaria
- Indian Institute of Technology Indore, Indore 453552, India
| | - S Shibata
- College of Engineering, Chubu University, Kasugai, Aichi 487-8501, Japan
| | - M Zuberi
- Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Homi Bhabha Road, Mumbai 400005, India
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Wyllie T, Folaranmi E, Sekaran P, Watkins WJ, Chakraborty M. Prophylactic Acid-suppression Medication to Prevent Anastomotic Strictures After Oesophageal Atresia Surgery: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. J Pediatr Surg 2023; 58:1954-1962. [PMID: 37355433 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpedsurg.2023.05.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2022] [Revised: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 05/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/26/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Anastomotic stricture is a common postoperative complication of oesophageal atresia ± tracheoesophageal fistula (OA/TOF) repair. Acid gastro-oesophageal reflux disease (GORD) is considered to be a factor in stricture formation and acid suppression medication is recommended post-operatively in consensus guidance. We aimed to investigate whether patients who were treated prophylactically with acid suppression medication had a reduced incidence of strictures compared to those who did not receive it. METHODS A systematic review of studies was performed, searching multiple databases without language or date restrictions. Multiple reviewers independently assessed study eligibility and literature quality. The primary outcome was anastomotic stricture formation, with secondary outcomes of GORD, anastomotic leak, and oesophagitis. Meta-analysis was performed using a random effects model, and the results were expressed as an odds ratio (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI). RESULTS No randomised studies on the topic were identified. Twelve observational studies were included in the analysis with ten reporting the primary outcome. The quality assessment showed a high risk of bias in several papers, predominantly due to non-objective methods of assessment of oesophageal stricture and the non-prospective, non-randomised nature of the studies. Overall, 1395 patients were evaluated, of which 753 received acid suppression medication. Meta-analysis revealed a trend towards increased odds of anastomotic strictures in infants receiving prophylactic medication, but this was not statistically significant (OR 1.33; 95% CI 0.92, 1.92). No significant differences were found in secondary outcomes. CONCLUSIONS This meta-analysis found no evidence of a statistically significant link between the prophylactic prescribing of acid suppression medication and the risk of developing anastomotic stricture after OA repair. The literature in this area is limited to observational studies and a randomised controlled trial is recommended to explore this question. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE Level III.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Wyllie
- Regional Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff, UK
| | - Eniola Folaranmi
- Department of Paediatric Surgery, University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff, UK
| | - Prabhu Sekaran
- Department of Paediatric Surgery, University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff, UK
| | - W John Watkins
- Division of Infection and Immunity, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Mallinath Chakraborty
- Regional Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff, UK; Centre for Medical Education, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Dargaville PA, Kamlin COF, Orsini F, Wang X, De Paoli AG, Kanmaz Kutman HG, Cetinkaya M, Kornhauser-Cerar L, Derrick M, Özkan H, Hulzebos CV, Schmölzer GM, Aiyappan A, Lemyre B, Kuo S, Rajadurai VS, O'Shea J, Biniwale M, Ramanathan R, Kushnir A, Bader D, Thomas MR, Chakraborty M, Buksh MJ, Bhatia R, Sullivan CL, Shinwell ES, Dyson A, Barker DP, Kugelman A, Donovan TJ, Goss KCW, Tauscher MK, Murthy V, Ali SKM, Clark HW, Soll RF, Johnson S, Cheong JLY, Carlin JB, Davis PG. Two-Year Outcomes After Minimally Invasive Surfactant Therapy in Preterm Infants: Follow-Up of the OPTIMIST-A Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA 2023; 330:1054-1063. [PMID: 37695601 PMCID: PMC10495923 DOI: 10.1001/jama.2023.15694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023]
Abstract
Importance The long-term effects of surfactant administration via a thin catheter (minimally invasive surfactant therapy [MIST]) in preterm infants with respiratory distress syndrome remain to be definitively clarified. Objective To examine the effect of MIST on death or neurodevelopmental disability (NDD) at 2 years' corrected age. Design, Setting, and Participants Follow-up study of a randomized clinical trial with blinding of clinicians and outcome assessors conducted in 33 tertiary-level neonatal intensive care units in 11 countries. The trial included 486 infants with a gestational age of 25 to 28 weeks supported with continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP). Collection of follow-up data at 2 years' corrected age was completed on December 9, 2022. Interventions Infants assigned to MIST (n = 242) received exogenous surfactant (200 mg/kg poractant alfa) via a thin catheter; those assigned to the control group (n = 244) received sham treatment. Main Outcomes and Measures The key secondary outcome of death or moderate to severe NDD was assessed at 2 years' corrected age. Other secondary outcomes included components of this composite outcome, as well as hospitalizations for respiratory illness and parent-reported wheezing or breathing difficulty in the first 2 years. Results Among the 486 infants randomized, 453 had follow-up data available (median gestation, 27.3 weeks; 228 females [50.3%]); data on the key secondary outcome were available in 434 infants. Death or NDD occurred in 78 infants (36.3%) in the MIST group and 79 (36.1%) in the control group (risk difference, 0% [95% CI, -7.6% to 7.7%]; relative risk [RR], 1.0 [95% CI, 0.81-1.24]); components of this outcome did not differ significantly between groups. Secondary respiratory outcomes favored the MIST group. Hospitalization with respiratory illness occurred in 49 infants (25.1%) in the MIST group vs 78 (38.2%) in the control group (RR, 0.66 [95% CI, 0.54-0.81]) and parent-reported wheezing or breathing difficulty in 73 (40.6%) vs 104 (53.6%), respectively (RR, 0.76 [95% CI, 0.63-0.90]). Conclusions and Relevance In this follow-up study of a randomized clinical trial of preterm infants with respiratory distress syndrome supported with CPAP, MIST compared with sham treatment did not reduce the incidence of death or NDD by 2 years of age. However, infants who received MIST had lower rates of adverse respiratory outcomes during their first 2 years of life. Trial Registration anzctr.org.au Identifier: ACTRN12611000916943.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Peter A Dargaville
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia
- Department of Paediatrics, Royal Hobart Hospital, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia
| | - C Omar F Kamlin
- Neonatal Services, Royal Women's Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Francesca Orsini
- Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics Unit, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Xiaofang Wang
- Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics Unit, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Antonio G De Paoli
- Department of Paediatrics, Royal Hobart Hospital, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia
| | - H Gozde Kanmaz Kutman
- Department of Neonatology, Zekai Tahir Burak Maternity Teaching Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Merih Cetinkaya
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Istanbul Kanuni Sultan Süleyman Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Lilijana Kornhauser-Cerar
- Division of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Department of Perinatology, University Medical Centre, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Matthew Derrick
- Division of Neonatology, Northshore University Health System, Evanston, Illinois
| | - Hilal Özkan
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Uludağ University Faculty of Medicine, Bursa, Turkey
| | - Christian V Hulzebos
- Division of Neonatology, Beatrix Children's Hospital, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Georg M Schmölzer
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Ajit Aiyappan
- Neonatal Services, Mercy Hospital for Women, Heidelberg, Victoria, Australia
| | - Brigitte Lemyre
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Newborn Care, The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Sheree Kuo
- Department of Pediatrics, Kapi'olani Medical Center for Women and Children, Honolulu, Hawai'i
| | - Victor S Rajadurai
- Department of Neonatology, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore
| | - Joyce O'Shea
- Neonatal Unit, Royal Hospital for Children, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Manoj Biniwale
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Los Angeles County + USC Medical Center and Good Samaritan Hospital, Keck School of Medicine of USC, Los Angeles, California
| | - Rangasamy Ramanathan
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Los Angeles County + USC Medical Center and Good Samaritan Hospital, Keck School of Medicine of USC, Los Angeles, California
| | - Alla Kushnir
- Department of Pediatrics, Children's Regional Hospital, Cooper University Health Care, Camden, New Jersey
| | - David Bader
- Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Department of Neonatology, Bnai Zion Medical Center, Technion, Haifa, Israel
| | - Mark R Thomas
- Department of Neonatal Medicine, Chelsea and Westminster Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - Mallinath Chakraborty
- Regional Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | - Mariam J Buksh
- Newborn Service, Starship Child Health, Auckland Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Risha Bhatia
- Monash Newborn, Monash Children's Hospital, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Carol L Sullivan
- Department of Neonatology, Singleton Hospital, Swansea, United Kingdom
| | - Eric S Shinwell
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Neonatology, Ziv Medical Center, Bar-Ilan University, Tsfat, Israel
| | - Amanda Dyson
- Department of Neonatology, Centenary Hospital for Women and Children, Canberra Hospital, Woden, New South Wales, Australia
| | - David P Barker
- Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Dunedin Hospital, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Amir Kugelman
- Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Department of Neonatology, Rambam Medical Center, Technion, Haifa, Israel
| | - Tim J Donovan
- Division of Neonatology, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Kevin C W Goss
- Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Princess Anne Hospital, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Markus K Tauscher
- Division of Neonatology, Peyton Manning Children's Hospital, Ascension St Vincent, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Vadivelam Murthy
- Neonatal Intensive Care Centre, The Royal London Hospital-Barts Health NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - Sanoj K M Ali
- Division of Neonatology, Sidra Medicine, Doha, Qatar
| | - Howard W Clark
- Faculty of Population Health Sciences, Neonatology, EGA Institute for Women's Health, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Roger F Soll
- Division of Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine, Larner College of Medicine, The University of Vermont, Burlington
| | - Samantha Johnson
- Infant Mortality and Morbidity Studies Research Group, Department of Population Health Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom
| | - Jeanie L Y Cheong
- Neonatal Services, Royal Women's Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Clinical Sciences, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - John B Carlin
- Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics Unit, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Peter G Davis
- Neonatal Services, Royal Women's Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Jee G, Kotecha SJ, Chakraborty M, Kotecha S, Odd D. Early childhood parent-reported speech problems in small and large for gestational age term-born and preterm-born infants: a cohort study. BMJ Open 2023; 13:e065587. [PMID: 37105706 PMCID: PMC10151836 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2022-065587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE (1) To assess if preterm and term small for gestational age (SGA) or large for gestational age (LGA) infants have more parent-reported speech problems in early childhood compared with infants with birth weights appropriate for gestational age (AGA). (2) To assess if preterm and term SGA and LGA infants have more parent-reported learning, behavioural, hearing, movement and hand problems in early childhood compared with AGA infants. DESIGN Cohort study. SETTING Wales, UK. PARTICIPANTS 7004 children with neurodevelopmental outcomes from the Respiratory and Neurological Outcomes of Children Born Preterm Study which enrolled 7129 children, born from 23 weeks of gestation onwards, to mothers aged 18-50 years of age were included in the analysis. OUTCOME MEASURES Parent-reported single-answer questionnaires were completed in 2013 to assess early childhood neurodevelopmental outcomes. The primary outcome was parent-reported speech problems in early childhood adjusted for clinical and demographic confounders in SGA and LGA infants compared with AGA infants. Secondary outcomes measured were parent-reported early childhood learning, behavioural, hearing, movement and hand problems. RESULTS Median age at the time of study was 5 years, range 2-10 years. Although the adjusted OR was 1.19 (0.92 to 1.55) for SGA infants and OR 1.11 (0.88 to 1.41) for LGA infants, this failed to reach statistical significance that these subgroups were more likely to have parent-reported speech problems in early childhood compared with AGA infants. This study also found parent-reported evidence suggestive of potential learning difficulties in early childhood (OR 1.51 (1.13 to 2.02)) and behavioural problems (OR 1.35 (1.01 to 1.79)) in SGA infants. CONCLUSION This study of 7004 infants in Wales suggests that infants born SGA or LGA likely do not have higher risks of parent-reported speech problems in early childhood compared with infants born AGA. To further ascertain this finding, studies with wider population coverage and longer-term follow-up would be needed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gabrielle Jee
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Wales Hospital, Cardiff, UK
| | | | - Mallinath Chakraborty
- Department of Child Health, Cardiff University School of Medicine, Cardiff, UK
- Department of Neonatology, University of Wales Hospital, Cardiff, UK
| | - Sailesh Kotecha
- Department of Child Health, Cardiff University School of Medicine, Cardiff, UK
- Department of Neonatology, University of Wales Hospital, Cardiff, UK
| | - David Odd
- Department of Neonatology, University of Wales Hospital, Cardiff, UK
- Department of Population Health, Cardiff University School of Medicine, Cardiff, UK
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Oruganti S, Rodrigues PRS, White D, Watkins WJ, Shapey S, Barrow A, Al Samsam R, Ali S, Gajraj M, Skone R, Jardine M, Evans J, Struik S, Song JE, Abood L, Paquete B, Foulkes S, Saunders B, Strang A, Kotecha SJ, Phillips B, Evans A, Buchanan I, Bowes S, Ali B, Gore M, Thomas-Turner R, Andrews R, Zaher S, Sharma S, Chakraborty M, Parkinson E, Liberatore F, Woolley T, Edkins S, Davies LC, Moet L, McLaren JE, Watson GL, O'Donnell V, Hood K, Ghazal P. Immune and metabolic markers for identifying and investigating severe Coronavirus disease and Sepsis in children and young people (pSeP/COVID ChYP study): protocol for a prospective cohort study. BMJ Open 2023; 13:e067002. [PMID: 36972964 PMCID: PMC10069273 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2022-067002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Early recognition and appropriate management of paediatric sepsis are known to improve outcomes. A previous system's biology investigation of the systemic immune response in neonates to sepsis identified immune and metabolic markers that showed high accuracy for detecting bacterial infection. Further gene expression markers have also been reported previously in the paediatric age group for discriminating sepsis from control cases. More recently, specific gene signatures were identified to discriminate between COVID-19 and its associated inflammatory sequelae. Through the current prospective cohort study, we aim to evaluate immune and metabolic blood markers which discriminate between sepses (including COVID-19) from other acute illnesses in critically unwell children and young persons, up to 18 years of age. METHODS AND ANALYSIS We describe a prospective cohort study for comparing the immune and metabolic whole-blood markers in patients with sepsis, COVID-19 and other illnesses. Clinical phenotyping and blood culture test results will provide a reference standard to evaluate the performance of blood markers from the research sample analysis. Serial sampling of whole blood (50 μL each) will be collected from children admitted to intensive care and with an acute illness to follow time dependent changes in biomarkers. An integrated lipidomics and RNASeq transcriptomics analyses will be conducted to evaluate immune-metabolic networks that discriminate sepsis and COVID-19 from other acute illnesses. This study received approval for deferred consent. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION The study has received research ethics committee approval from the Yorkshire and Humber Leeds West Research Ethics Committee 2 (reference 20/YH/0214; IRAS reference 250612). Submission of study results for publication will involve making available all anonymised primary and processed data on public repository sites. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER NCT04904523.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sivakumar Oruganti
- Paediatric Critical Care Unit, Noah's Ark Children's Hospital for Wales, Cardiff, UK
| | | | - Daniel White
- School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - William John Watkins
- Cochrane Institute of Primary Care and Public Health, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Selyf Shapey
- Paediatric Critical Care Unit, Noah's Ark Children's Hospital for Wales, Cardiff, UK
| | - Anna Barrow
- Paediatric Critical Care Unit, Noah's Ark Children's Hospital for Wales, Cardiff, UK
| | - Rim Al Samsam
- Paediatric Critical Care Unit, Noah's Ark Children's Hospital for Wales, Cardiff, UK
| | - Sara Ali
- Paediatric Critical Care Unit, Noah's Ark Children's Hospital for Wales, Cardiff, UK
| | - Malcolm Gajraj
- Paediatric Critical Care Unit, Noah's Ark Children's Hospital for Wales, Cardiff, UK
| | - Richard Skone
- Department of Paediatric Intensive Care, Noah's Ark Children's Hospital for Wales, Cardiff, UK
| | - Michelle Jardine
- Paediatric Critical Care Unit, Noah's Ark Children's Hospital for Wales, Cardiff, UK
| | - Jennifer Evans
- Paediatric Critical Care Unit, Noah's Ark Children's Hospital for Wales, Cardiff, UK
| | - Siske Struik
- Paediatric Critical Care Unit, Noah's Ark Children's Hospital for Wales, Cardiff, UK
| | - Jong Eun Song
- Paediatric Critical Care Unit, Noah's Ark Children's Hospital for Wales, Cardiff, UK
| | | | - Barbara Paquete
- Paediatric Critical Care Unit, Noah's Ark Children's Hospital for Wales, Cardiff, UK
| | - Sian Foulkes
- Paediatric Critical Care Unit, Noah's Ark Children's Hospital for Wales, Cardiff, UK
| | - Benjamin Saunders
- Infectious Diseases services for Wales, Noah's Ark Children's Hospital for Wales, Cardiff, UK
| | | | | | - Bethan Phillips
- Children's and Young Adults Research Unit, University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff, UK
| | - Awen Evans
- Children's and Young Adults Research Unit, University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff, UK
| | - Iona Buchanan
- Children's and Young Adults Research Unit, University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff, UK
| | - Susan Bowes
- Children's and Young Adults Research Unit, University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff, UK
| | - Begum Ali
- Children's and Young Adults Research Unit, University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff, UK
| | - Maya Gore
- Children's and Young Adults Research Unit, University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff, UK
| | - Rhian Thomas-Turner
- Children's and Young Adults Research Unit, University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff, UK
| | | | - Summia Zaher
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff, UK
| | - Simran Sharma
- Infection and Immunity, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
- Women's Unit, Cardiff and Vale NHS Trust, Cardiff, UK
| | | | | | | | | | - Sarah Edkins
- School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | | | - Linda Moet
- School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | | | | | - Valerie O'Donnell
- Centre for Trials Research, College of Biomedical and Life Sciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Kerry Hood
- Centre for Trials Research, College of Biomedical and Life Sciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | | |
Collapse
|
6
|
Chakraborty M, Hasan MM, Kenreich JR, Jadwisienczak WM, Rahman F. Design and operation of a hybrid LED/LD-pumped phosphor-converted white-light lamp. Appl Opt 2023; 62:2266-2272. [PMID: 37132864 DOI: 10.1364/ao.484238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Illumination sources based on phosphors, pumped by laser diodes (LDs), have seen rapid developments over the past decade. Here, we present a new, to the best of our knowledge, design that features both spectral richness and the capability for high brightness. Complete design details and operational characterization have been described. This basic design can be extended in various ways to customize such lamps for different operational requirements. A hybrid arrangement of both LEDs and an LD is used to excite a mixture of two phosphors. The LEDs, in addition, provide a blue fill-in to enrich output radiation and to tune the chromaticity point inside the white region. The LD power, on the other hand, can be scaled up to generate very high brightness levels that are not achievable with pumping from LEDs alone. This capability is gained using a special transparent ceramic disk that carries the remote phosphor film. We also show that the radiation from our lamp is free from speckle-producing coherence.
Collapse
|
7
|
Isaac TCW, Odd D, Edwards M, Chakraborty M, Kotecha SJ, Kotecha S, Odd D. Measuring the impact of deprivation on learning difficulties and behaviour among infants born preterm: A cohort study. J Neonatal Perinatal Med 2023; 16:411-421. [PMID: 37718861 DOI: 10.3233/npm-221151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Preterm birth and social deprivation are known risk factors for learning difficulties. However there has been little work looking into the interaction between these two risks. We aimed to identify if children born preterm to families with higher levels of social deprivation are disproportionately more likely to have learning difficulties than those with lower levels of social deprivation. METHODS Data from the RANOPS (Respiratory And Neurological Outcomes in children born Preterm Study) was used to assess prevalence of learning difficulties. The effects of preterm birth and deprivation were reviewed. Multi-level logistic regression models were used to examine if gestational age and deprivation impacts interacted after adjustment for possible confounders. Primary outcome measure was parent-reported learning difficulties. Secondary outcome measures were parent-reported behavioural problems and a statement of special educational need. RESULTS We investigated the developmental outcomes of 6,691 infants with a median age of 5 years at time of survey (IQR 5). Deprivation decile (OR 1.08 (1.03,1.12)) and preterm birth (OR 2.67 (2.02,3.53)) were both associated with increased risk of learning difficulties. There was little evidence for any interaction between preterm birth and deprivation (p = 0.298) and the risk of learning difficulties. CONCLUSIONS Deprivation and preterm birth have significant associations with learning difficulties. While deprivation does not appear to have potentiated the impact of preterm birth, preterm infants in the most deprived areas have the highest risk of learning difficulties with almost 1 in 3 extremely premature infants with a learning difficulty in the most deprived areas.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Dawn Odd
- School of Health and Social Wellbeing, University of West England, Bristol, UK
| | | | - Mallinath Chakraborty
- Regional Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff, UK
- Centre for Medical Education, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Sarah J Kotecha
- Centre for Medical Education, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Sailesh Kotecha
- Centre for Medical Education, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - David Odd
- Regional Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff, UK
- Division of Population Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Chakraborty M, Kadir E, Gayen R. GO induced grain-boundary modification in transparent TiO2-GO nanocomposite thin films: Study by DC bias dependent impedance spectroscopy. Chem Phys Lett 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2022.140116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
|
9
|
Ghazal P, Rodrigues PR, Chakraborty M, Oruganti S, Woolley TE. Corrigendum to “Challenging molecular dogmas in human sepsis using mathematical reasoning” [EBioMedicine 80 (2022) 104031]. EBioMedicine 2022; 85:104331. [PMCID: PMC9626496 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2022.104331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Peter Ghazal
- Systems Immunity Research Institute, School of Medicine, University of Cardiff Heath Park, Cardiff CF14 4X, UK
- Corresponding author. Systems Immunity Research Institute, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Heath Park, Cardiff, CF14 4XN, UK.
| | - Patricia R.S. Rodrigues
- Systems Immunity Research Institute, School of Medicine, University of Cardiff Heath Park, Cardiff CF14 4X, UK
| | - Mallinath Chakraborty
- Regional Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff CF14 4XN, UK
| | - Siva Oruganti
- Noah’s Ark Children’s Hospital, Paediatric Intensive Care Unit, University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff CF14 4XN, UK
| | - Thomas E. Woolley
- School of Mathematics, Cardiff University, Senghennydd Road, Cardiff CF24 4AG, UK
- Corresponding author. School of Mathematics, Cardiff University, Senghennydd Road, Cardiff, CF24 4AG, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Sharma S, Zaher S, Rodrigues PRS, Davies LC, Edkins S, Strang A, Chakraborty M, Watkins WJ, Andrews R, Parkinson E, Angelopoulos N, Moet L, Shepherd F, Davies KMM, White D, Oram S, Siddall K, Keeping V, Simpson K, Faggian F, Bray M, Bertorelli C, Bell S, Collis RE, McLaren JE, Labeta M, O'Donnell VB, Ghazal P. mSep: investigating physiological and immune-metabolic biomarkers in septic and healthy pregnant women to predict feto-maternal immune health - a prospective observational cohort study protocol. BMJ Open 2022; 12:e066382. [PMID: 36115679 PMCID: PMC9486348 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2022-066382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Maternal sepsis remains a leading cause of death in pregnancy. Physiological adaptations to pregnancy obscure early signs of sepsis and can result in delays in recognition and treatment. Identifying biomarkers that can reliably diagnose sepsis will reduce morbidity and mortality and antibiotic overuse. We have previously identified an immune-metabolic biomarker network comprising three pathways with a >99% accuracy for detecting bacterial neonatal sepsis. In this prospective study, we will describe physiological parameters and novel biomarkers in two cohorts-healthy pregnant women and pregnant women with suspected sepsis-with the aim of mapping pathophysiological drivers and evaluating predictive biomarkers for diagnosing maternal sepsis. METHODS AND ANALYSIS Women aged over 18 with an ultrasound-confirmed pregnancy will be recruited to a pilot and two main study cohorts. The pilot will involve blood sample collection from 30 pregnant women undergoing an elective caesarean section. Cohort A will follow 100 healthy pregnant women throughout their pregnancy journey, with collection of blood samples from participants at routine time points in their pregnancy: week 12 'booking', week 28 and during labour. Cohort B will follow 100 pregnant women who present with suspected sepsis in pregnancy or labour and will have at least two blood samples taken during their care pathway. Study blood samples will be collected during routine clinical blood sampling. Detailed medical history and physiological parameters at the time of blood sampling will be recorded, along with the results of routine biochemical tests, including C reactive protein, lactate and white blood cell count. In addition, study blood samples will be processed and analysed for transcriptomic, lipidomic and metabolomic analyses and both qualitative and functional immunophenotyping. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION Ethical approval has been obtained from the Wales Research Ethics Committee 2 (SPON1752-19, 30 October 2019). TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER NCT05023954.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Simran Sharma
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff, UK
- Project Sepsis, Systems Immunity Research Institute, Cardiff University Cardiff Institute of Infection and Immunity, Cardiff, UK
| | - Summia Zaher
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff, UK
- Project Sepsis, Systems Immunity Research Institute, Cardiff University Cardiff Institute of Infection and Immunity, Cardiff, UK
| | - Patrícia R S Rodrigues
- Project Sepsis, Systems Immunity Research Institute, Cardiff University Cardiff Institute of Infection and Immunity, Cardiff, UK
- Cardiff Division of Infection and Immunity, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Luke C Davies
- Project Sepsis, Systems Immunity Research Institute, Cardiff University Cardiff Institute of Infection and Immunity, Cardiff, UK
- Cardiff Division of Infection and Immunity, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Sarah Edkins
- Project Sepsis, Systems Immunity Research Institute, Cardiff University Cardiff Institute of Infection and Immunity, Cardiff, UK
- Cardiff Division of Infection and Immunity, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Angela Strang
- Project Sepsis, Systems Immunity Research Institute, Cardiff University Cardiff Institute of Infection and Immunity, Cardiff, UK
- Cardiff Division of Infection and Immunity, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Mallinath Chakraborty
- Regional Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, University Hospital of Wales Healthcare NHS Trust, Cardiff, UK
| | - W John Watkins
- Project Sepsis, Systems Immunity Research Institute, Cardiff University Cardiff Institute of Infection and Immunity, Cardiff, UK
| | - Robert Andrews
- Project Sepsis, Systems Immunity Research Institute, Cardiff University Cardiff Institute of Infection and Immunity, Cardiff, UK
- Cardiff Division of Infection and Immunity, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Edward Parkinson
- Project Sepsis, Systems Immunity Research Institute, Cardiff University Cardiff Institute of Infection and Immunity, Cardiff, UK
- Cardiff Division of Infection and Immunity, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Nicos Angelopoulos
- Project Sepsis, Systems Immunity Research Institute, Cardiff University Cardiff Institute of Infection and Immunity, Cardiff, UK
- Cardiff Division of Infection and Immunity, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Linda Moet
- Project Sepsis, Systems Immunity Research Institute, Cardiff University Cardiff Institute of Infection and Immunity, Cardiff, UK
- Cardiff Division of Infection and Immunity, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Freya Shepherd
- Project Sepsis, Systems Immunity Research Institute, Cardiff University Cardiff Institute of Infection and Immunity, Cardiff, UK
- Cardiff Division of Infection and Immunity, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Kate Megan Megan Davies
- Project Sepsis, Systems Immunity Research Institute, Cardiff University Cardiff Institute of Infection and Immunity, Cardiff, UK
- Cardiff Division of Infection and Immunity, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Daniel White
- Project Sepsis, Systems Immunity Research Institute, Cardiff University Cardiff Institute of Infection and Immunity, Cardiff, UK
- Cardiff Division of Infection and Immunity, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Shaun Oram
- Department of Anaesthesia and Critical Care, University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff, UK
| | - Kate Siddall
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff, UK
| | - Vikki Keeping
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff, UK
| | - Kathryn Simpson
- Department of Anaesthesia and Critical Care, University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff, UK
| | - Federica Faggian
- Department of Microbiology, University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff, UK
| | - Maryanne Bray
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff, UK
| | - Claire Bertorelli
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff, UK
| | - Sarah Bell
- Project Sepsis, Systems Immunity Research Institute, Cardiff University Cardiff Institute of Infection and Immunity, Cardiff, UK
- Department of Anaesthesia and Critical Care, University of Wales Cardiff, Cardiff, UK
| | - Rachel E Collis
- Project Sepsis, Systems Immunity Research Institute, Cardiff University Cardiff Institute of Infection and Immunity, Cardiff, UK
- Department of Anaesthetics, Intensive Care and Pain Medicine, Cardiff and Vale University Health Board, Cardiff, UK
| | - James E McLaren
- Project Sepsis, Systems Immunity Research Institute, Cardiff University Cardiff Institute of Infection and Immunity, Cardiff, UK
- Cardiff Division of Infection and Immunity, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Mario Labeta
- Cardiff Division of Infection and Immunity, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Valerie B O'Donnell
- Project Sepsis, Systems Immunity Research Institute, Cardiff University Cardiff Institute of Infection and Immunity, Cardiff, UK
- Cardiff Division of Infection and Immunity, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Peter Ghazal
- Project Sepsis, Systems Immunity Research Institute, Cardiff University Cardiff Institute of Infection and Immunity, Cardiff, UK
- Cardiff Division of Infection and Immunity, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Boel L, Hixson T, Brown L, Sage J, Kotecha S, Chakraborty M. Non-invasive respiratory support in preterm infants. Paediatr Respir Rev 2022; 43:53-59. [PMID: 35562288 DOI: 10.1016/j.prrv.2022.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Accepted: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Survival of preterm infants has increased steadily over recent decades, primarily due to improved outcomes for those born before 28 weeks of gestation. However, this has not been matched by similar improvements in longer-term morbidity. One of the key long-term sequelae of preterm birth remains bronchopulmonary dysplasia (also called chronic lung disease of prematurity), contributed primarily by the effect of early pulmonary inflammation superimposed on immature lungs. Non-invasive modes of respiratory support have been rapidly introduced providing modest success in reducing the incidence of bronchopulmonary dysplasia when compared with invasive mechanical ventilation, and improved clinical practice has been reported from population-based studies. We present a comprehensive review of the key modes of non-invasive respiratory support currently used in preterm infants, including their mechanisms of action and evidence of benefit from clinical trials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lieve Boel
- Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Queen Alexandra Hospital, Portsmouth, UK
| | - Thomas Hixson
- Regional Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff, UK
| | - Lisa Brown
- Regional Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff, UK
| | - Jayne Sage
- Regional Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff, UK
| | - Sailesh Kotecha
- Department of Child Health, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Mallinath Chakraborty
- Regional Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff, UK; Centre for Medical Education, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Chakravarty B, Kalapahar S, Sharma S, Chattopadhyay R, Ghosh S, Chakraborty M, Chakraborty R, Bose U, Chakraborty P. O-031 Activation of NLRP3 inflammasome enhances neutrophil extracellular traps in women with stage III/IV endometriosis: convergence of multiple signaling portray association between genetics and lesion type. Hum Reprod 2022. [DOI: 10.1093/humrep/deac104.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Study question
Do NOD-like receptor pyrin-containing 3 (NLRP3) signaling affect neutrophil extracellular traps (NET)-osis in women with stage III/IV endometriosis?
Summary answer
Inflammasome activation whether due to pathogen (disease itself) or damage-associated molecular pattern (through NET) might be one mechanism involved in establishing perturbed endometrium in endometriosis.
What is known already
Endometriosis is characterized by number of processes like vascularization, hypernociception, and fibrosis, cardinal cause being inflammation. Recently, expression of inflammasome components, including NLRP3 and apoptosis signal-regulating kinase has been demonstrated in human endometrium cueing involvement in uterine innate immunity. Moreover, a novel extracellular killing mechanism, NET, is documented to reflect an inflammatory status in deep infiltrating endometriosis. Since, endometriosis demonstrates similarities with chronic inflammatory and autoimmune disorders; we postulated inflammatory responses in endometriosis may become modulated through a feed-forward loop of NET-induced specific cytokine production thus providing insights against potentiality of endometriotic cells to limit progression of the disease.
Study design, size, duration
Twenty-two consented women (24-39 years) with endometriosis (Group A) (Stages III–IV) (based on ASRM-2018 guidelines) and age-matched counterpart/s of male sub-fertility (Group B; control), free of uterine abnormalities (n = 18) were recruited between January to December 2021 from Institute of Reproductive Medicine, Kolkata. Eutopic endometrium, were collected from women undergoing diagnostic laparoscopy (Group A) or by curettage from women undergoing endometrial ablation (Group B). Serum was collected during window-of-implantation (LH + 7) for both the group/s.
Participants/materials, setting, methods
Pro-(IFN-g, TNF-a, IL-6, TGF-b) and anti-inflammatory (IL-10, IL-13, IL-4, IL-5) cytokines was evaluated by western blot. Expression level of inflammasome-related proteins (NLRP3, ASC, CASPASE1, PYCARD, IL-1-b) and mRNA expression was estimated by western-blot and quantitative-real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) respectively from tissue biopsies in Group A and B. SYTOX® green assay by flow-cytometry and neutrophil-elastase activity by immunofluorescence was done to quantify and characterize NET production in blood monocytes. P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.
Main results and the role of chance
The mean (±SD) age of study population was 31.6±5.2 years. Hyperestrogenic milieu possibly stimulated (p < 0.001) pro-inflammatory molecules (IFN-g, TNF-a, IL-6, TGF-b) in endometriosis as observed by western-blot and qRT-PCR. A significant up-regulation (p < 0.001) was observed in relative mRNA expression of NLRP3 and PYCARD gene in Group A. However, caspase 1 expression documented non-significant variation in biopsies from endometriosis patients. Western blot corroborated the finding/s. The outcome of NLRP3 activation was supported by increased (p < 0.002) mRNA expression of IL-1b. NETs were detected significantly higher (p < 0.01) in 54.54% (12/22) patients in group A compared to control (16.66%; (3/18)). Moreover, quantification of NETs showed a significantly higher amount in endometriosis compared to group B (0.097 vs. 0.02, p < 0.03).
Spermann-rank correlation by SPSS version22 revealed positive correlation between IL-1b with NLRP3 (r = 0.56, p< 0.001), PYCARD (r = 0.11, p< 0.01); and caspase1 (r = 0.16, p< 0.01) and IL-1b (r = 0.47, p< 0.01) with NET-positive cell/s in endometriosis. Moreover, posterior cul-de-sac lesions correlated positively with NET-positive cell/s (r = 0.29; p < 0.01) cueing to possible prognostic marker/s. In summary, a coordinated-fashioned action of components of NLRP3 inflammasome machinery may regulate production of NET/s forming a complex network allowing communication between cell-types in order to maintain viability and development of endometrial lesion/s.
Limitations, reasons for caution
Our findings need to be replicated in larger study cohort/s, especially stratified by severity of endometriosis sub-groups and in women of different ethnicities. Another limitation is the missing information about NETs in normal functioning human endometrium throughout the menstrual cycle.
Wider implications of the findings
The proposed study aims to understand potential role of NLRP3 inflammasome complex as a “double-edged sword” in the development and pathophysiology of endometriosis. Therapeutic alternatives that aim to re-balance the pro- to anti-inflammatory milieu in the endometrium should consider the inflammasome as part of the equation.
Trial registration number
Not applicable
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- B Chakravarty
- Institute of Reproductive Medicine, Department of Assisted Reproduction, Kolkata , India
| | - S Kalapahar
- Institute of Reproductive Medicine, Department of Assisted Reproduction, Kolkata , India
| | - S Sharma
- Institute of Reproductive Medicine, Department of Assisted Reproduction, Kolkata , India
| | - R Chattopadhyay
- Institute of Reproductive Medicine, Department of Assisted Reproduction, Kolkata , India
| | - S Ghosh
- Institute of Reproductive Medicine, Department of Assisted Reproduction, Kolkata , India
| | - M Chakraborty
- Institute of Reproductive Medicine, Department of Assisted Reproduction, Kolkata , India
| | - R Chakraborty
- Melaka Manipal Medical College, Department of Microbiology, Manipal , India
| | - U Bose
- Melaka Manipal Medical College, Department of Pharmacology, Manipal , India
| | - P Chakraborty
- Institute of Reproductive Medicine, Department of Assisted Reproduction, Kolkata , India
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Kalapahar S, Chakraborty P, Shama S, Mitra I, Chattopadhyay R, Ghosh S, Chakraborty M, Chakravarty B. P-390 Serum homocysteine and uterine artery Doppler ultrasound in combination has better predictive accuracy in women with preeclampsia: useful tool for early screening in everyday practice. Hum Reprod 2022. [DOI: 10.1093/humrep/deac107.367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Study question
Is serum homocysteine combined with uterine-artery Doppler were effective in predicting preeclampsia (≥140mmHg/≥90mmHg blood pressure) in singleton pregnancy during 11–15 weeks of gestation?
Summary answer
Combination of serum homocysteine levels with uterine-artery Doppler is superior to individual presence of biochemical/ultrasound marker/s making the duo effective for early screening in preeclampsia.
What is known already
American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists and National Institute for Care and Health Excellence recommend identifying patients who are at high risk of developing preeclampsia based on medical history. Recently, biochemical and ultrasound markers were investigated for prediction of preeclampsia, but none of them were predictably reliable, valid, and suitable for routine clinical use. Increased levels of homocysteine in 1st-trimester, seems to signal onset of preeclampsia later in pregnancy portraying severity of the disease as well. We aimed to identify predictive value of serum homocysteine combined with uterine-artery Doppler in singleton pregnancy during 11–15 weeks of gestation for preeclampsia.
Study design, size, duration
One hundred forty-two consented singleton pregnant women (28-45 years) at gestational age of 11–15 weeks, recruited between January to December 2021 from Institute of Reproductive Medicine, Kolkata were enrolled in the study. Women who used aspirin as a prophylaxis for preeclampsia or were diagnosed to have fetal, structural or chromosomal abnormalities were excluded from the study (n = 7). Maternal age, weight and height, mean arterial pressure, parity, and obstetric history were documented.
Participants/materials, setting, methods
Uterine-artery Doppler ultrasound and serum homocysteine levels were performed transabdominally and using ELISA respectively. Pregnancy outcomes were recorded. Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), and negative predictive value (NPV) at optimal cut-off values were determined to predict preeclampsia. Optimal cut-off values for homocysteine levels were calculated using receiver operator characteristic curve (ROC). Chi-square test, Fisher’s exact test, unpaired t test, and Mann–Whitney U test were used when appropriate. P-value <0.05 was considered statistically significant.
Main results and the role of chance
16 cases had preeclampsia (11.26%) of whom 9 had early-onset preeclampsia (6.33%). Baseline characteristics including maternal-age (>35 or<), parity, body-mass- index, and gestational-age at measurement were not significantly different between two groups excepting higher (p < 0.001) mean arterial blood pressure (mmHg) at first trimester (97.2±6.4 vs. 81.1±7.2) in preeclampsia. Preeclamptic women had significantly higher (p < 0.001) serum homocysteine levels (μmol/l) (26.1±3.5 vs 10.2± 5.6) than normotensive pregnant women (n = 119). No difference in mean pulsatility (PI) of uterine-artery was observed (1.78±0.64 vs. 1.72±0.48) excluding significantly high (p > 0.02) in women with early-onset preeclampsia than control (2.11±0.81 vs. 1.39±0.92). However, lower (p < 0.01) gestational age (weeks) (35.4±2.1 vs. 37.6±1.4), and neonatal birth weight (gms) (2937.3±578.2 vs. 3227.6±421.5) with higher (p < 0.001) preterm delivery (25% vs 5.04%), low birth weight (25% vs 5.04%) and neonatal respiratory distress syndrome (12.5% vs. 0.84%) was documented in preeclampsia than control/s. The optimal cut-off value of serum homocysteine with PI levels, from ROC (AUC=0.735, p < 0.001) was superior to individual ROC (AUC=0.451; AUC=0.268). The sensitivity, specificity, PPV, and NPV were 67.7%, 70.5%, 1.7%, and 98.5%, respectively using a combination of abnormal serum homocysteine levels with abnormal uterine artery Doppler PI (above 95th percentile) and used as a predictive value for preeclampsia.
Limitations, reasons for caution
The limitation of this study was that there were small cases of early-onset preeclampsia. Additional studies with a larger sample size of early-onset preeclampsia and other models using serum homocysteine, combined with uterine artery Doppler, and maternal characteristic risk factors should be conducted.
Wider implications of the findings
Early screening of preeclampsia by using combination of serum homocysteine and uterine artery Doppler during first trimester (11–15 weeks) at the same visit may be more effective and allows the timing for using early low-dose aspirin prophylaxis in order to prevent preeclampsia.
Trial registration number
Not applicable
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S Kalapahar
- Institute of Reproductive Medicine, Department of Assisted Reproduction , Kolkata, India
| | - P Chakraborty
- Institute of Reproductive Medicine, Department of Assisted Reproduction , Kolkata, India
| | - S Shama
- Institute of Reproductive Medicine, Department of Assisted Reproduction , Kolkata, India
| | - I Mitra
- Indian Institute of Technology- Kharagpur, School of Medical Science and Technology , Kharagpur, India
| | - R Chattopadhyay
- Institute of Reproductive Medicine, Department of Assisted Reproduction , Kolkata, India
| | - S Ghosh
- Institute of Reproductive Medicine, Department of Assisted Reproduction , Kolkata, India
| | - M Chakraborty
- Institute of Reproductive Medicine, Department of Assisted Reproduction , Kolkata, India
| | - B Chakravarty
- Institute of Reproductive Medicine, Department of Assisted Reproduction , Kolkata, India
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Iregbu K, Dramowski A, Milton R, Nsutebu E, Howie SRC, Chakraborty M, Lavoie PM, Costelloe CE, Ghazal P. Global health systems' data science approach for precision diagnosis of sepsis in early life. Lancet Infect Dis 2022; 22:e143-e152. [PMID: 34914924 DOI: 10.1016/s1473-3099(21)00645-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2021] [Revised: 10/04/2021] [Accepted: 10/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Neonates and children in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs) contribute to the highest number of sepsis-associated deaths globally. Interventions to prevent sepsis mortality are hampered by a lack of comprehensive epidemiological data and pathophysiological understanding of biological pathways. In this review, we discuss the challenges faced by LMICs in diagnosing sepsis in these age groups. We highlight a role for multi-omics and health care data to improve diagnostic accuracy of clinical algorithms, arguing that health-care systems urgently need precision medicine to avoid the pitfalls of missed diagnoses, misdiagnoses, and overdiagnoses, and associated antimicrobial resistance. We discuss ethical, regulatory, and systemic barriers related to the collection and use of big data in LMICs. Technologies such as cloud computing, artificial intelligence, and medical tricorders might help, but they require collaboration with local communities. Co-partnering (joint equal development of technology between producer and end-users) could facilitate integration of these technologies as part of future care-delivery systems, offering a chance to transform the global management and prevention of sepsis for neonates and children.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kenneth Iregbu
- Department of Medical Microbiology, National Hospital Abuja, Nigeria
| | - Angela Dramowski
- Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Rebecca Milton
- Centre for Trials Research, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Emmanuel Nsutebu
- Infectious Diseases Division, Sheikh Shakhbout Medical City, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Stephen R C Howie
- Department of Paediatrics, Child and Youth Health, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | | | - Pascal M Lavoie
- Department of Pediatrics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Ceire E Costelloe
- Global Digital Health Unit, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Peter Ghazal
- Systems Immunity Research Institute, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Affiliation(s)
- S K Paul
- Department of Agronomy, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh
| | - N U Mahmud
- Institute of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur 1706, Bangladesh
| | - D R Gupta
- Institute of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur 1706, Bangladesh
| | - M N Alam
- Bangladesh Sugarcrop Research Institute, Ishurdi 6620, Pabna, Bangladesh
| | - M Chakraborty
- Institute of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur 1706, Bangladesh
| | - M T Islam
- Institute of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur 1706, Bangladesh
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Agrawal S, Chakraborty P, Sinha A, Maiti A, Chakraborty M. ADRENAL HISTOPLASMOSIS: AN EASTERN INDIAN PERSPECTIVE. Acta Endocrinol (Buchar) 2022; 18:106-114. [PMID: 35975261 PMCID: PMC9365407 DOI: 10.4183/aeb.2022.106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT The clinical presentation of histoplasmosis is varied. Due to its propensity for adrenal involvement, histoplasmosis is an important differential diagnosis in any patient presenting with adrenal mass, bilateral in particular. OBJECTIVE Data on clinical presentation, pattern of adrenal involvement, radiological appearance and long-term follow-up of adrenal histoplasmosis are relatively sparse; hence we looked at it. DESIGN This record based single-centre retrospective study was conducted in one of the tertiary care hospitals, situated in eastern India catering the Gangetic delta. SUBJECTS AND METHODS Data on demographic characters, presenting manifestations, biochemical & hormonal parameters and radiological appearance of confirmed adrenal histoplasmosis cases (n=9), admitted between 2015-2019 have been retrieved. The treatment outcome and condition of patients after 1-4 years of follow-up has also been discussed. RESULTS Four out of the nine (44.4%) patients had predisposing immunocompromised conditions in the form of diabetes and/or chronic alcoholism while rest were immunocompetent. Seven out of nine patients (77.8 %) had signs and symptoms suggestive of adrenal insufficiency, while two (22.2%) presented with only pyrexia of unknown origin. All of them had bilateral adrenal mass, though the radiologically appearances were different. All patients received anti-fungal agents with/without hydrocortisone and/or fludrocortisone. One patient died (11.1%), while majority responded favourably to treatment. Adrenocortical function did not recover completely. CONCLUSIONS The possibility of adrenal histoplasmosis should always be considered in patients presenting with bilateral adrenal mass, irrespective of adrenal morphology. Treatment is effective, but many of them require supplemental hydrocortisone for quite a long period, if not lifelong. Mineralocorticoid deficiency, however, is not permanent.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S.S. Agrawal
- Endocrinology & Metabolism Medical College and Hospital Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - P.P. Chakraborty
- Endocrinology & Metabolism Medical College and Hospital Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - A. Sinha
- Endocrinology & Metabolism Medical College and Hospital Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - A. Maiti
- Endocrinology & Metabolism Medical College and Hospital Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - M. Chakraborty
- Microbiology, Medical College and Hospital Kolkata, Kolkata,West Bengal, India
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Chakraborty M, Rodrigues PRS, Watkins WJ, Hayward A, Sharma A, Hayward R, Smit E, Jones R, Goel N, Asokkumar A, Calvert J, Odd D, Morris I, Doherty C, Elliott S, Strang A, Andrews R, Zaher S, Sharma S, Bell S, Oruganti S, Smith C, Orme J, Edkins S, Craigon M, White D, Dantoft W, Davies LC, Moet L, McLaren JE, Clarkstone S, Watson GL, Hood K, Kotecha S, Morgan BP, O'Donnell VB, Ghazal P. nSeP: immune and metabolic biomarkers for early detection of neonatal sepsis-protocol for a prospective multicohort study. BMJ Open 2021; 11:e050100. [PMID: 37010923 PMCID: PMC8718461 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2021-050100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Diagnosing neonatal sepsis is heavily dependent on clinical phenotyping as culture-positive body fluid has poor sensitivity, and existing blood biomarkers have poor specificity.A combination of machine learning, statistical and deep pathway biology analyses led to the identification of a tripartite panel of biologically connected immune and metabolic markers that showed greater than 99% accuracy for detecting bacterial infection with 100% sensitivity. The cohort study described here is designed as a large-scale clinical validation of this previous work. METHODS AND ANALYSIS This multicentre observational study will prospectively recruit a total of 1445 newborn infants (all gestations)-1084 with suspected early-or late-onset sepsis, and 361 controls-over 4 years. A small volume of whole blood will be collected from infants with suspected sepsis at the time of presentation. This sample will be used for integrated transcriptomic, lipidomic and targeted proteomics profiling. In addition, a subset of samples will be subjected to cellular phenotype and proteomic analyses. A second sample from the same patient will be collected at 24 hours, with an opportunistic sampling for stool culture. For control infants, only one set of blood and stool sample will be collected to coincide with clinical blood sampling. Along with detailed clinical information, blood and stool samples will be analysed and the information will be used to identify and validate the efficacy of immune-metabolic networks in the diagnosis of bacterial neonatal sepsis and to identify new host biomarkers for viral sepsis. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION The study has received research ethics committee approval from the Wales Research Ethics Committee 2 (reference 19/WA/0008) and operational approval from Health and Care Research Wales. Submission of study results for publication will involve making available all anonymised primary and processed data on public repository sites. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER NCT03777670.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mallinath Chakraborty
- Regional Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff, UK
- Division of Infection and Immunity, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | | | - W John Watkins
- Department of Statistics, Division of Infection and Immunity, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Angela Hayward
- Regional Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff, UK
| | - Alok Sharma
- Regional Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff, UK
| | - Rachel Hayward
- Regional Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff, UK
| | - Elisa Smit
- Regional Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff, UK
| | - Rebekka Jones
- Regional Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff, UK
| | - Nitin Goel
- Regional Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff, UK
| | - Amar Asokkumar
- Regional Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff, UK
| | - Jennifer Calvert
- Regional Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff, UK
| | - David Odd
- Regional Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff, UK
| | - Ian Morris
- Regional Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff, UK
| | - Cora Doherty
- Regional Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff, UK
| | - Sian Elliott
- Regional Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff, UK
| | - Angela Strang
- Division of Infection and Immunity, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Robert Andrews
- Division of Infection and Immunity, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Summia Zaher
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff, UK
| | - Simran Sharma
- Infection and Immunity, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
- Women's unit, Cardiff and Vale NHS Trust, Cardiff, UK
| | - Sarah Bell
- Department of Anaesthetics, University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff, UK
| | - Siva Oruganti
- Regional Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff, UK
| | - Claire Smith
- Simpsons Special Cary Baby Unit, Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Judith Orme
- Simpsons Special Cary Baby Unit, Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Sarah Edkins
- Division of Infection and Immunity, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Marie Craigon
- Infection Medicine, Deanery of Biomedical Sciences, Edinburgh Medical School, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Daniel White
- Division of Infection and Immunity, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Widad Dantoft
- Division of Infection and Immunity, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Luke C Davies
- Division of Infection and Immunity, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Linda Moet
- Division of Infection and Immunity, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - James E McLaren
- Division of Infection and Immunity, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Samantha Clarkstone
- Division of Infection and Immunity, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Gareth L Watson
- Division of Infection and Immunity, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Kerenza Hood
- Division of Infection and Immunity, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Sailesh Kotecha
- Department of Child Health, Institute of Molecular & Experimental Medicine, Cardiff University School of Medicine, Cardiff, UK
| | - B Paul Morgan
- Division of Infection and Immunity, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Valerie B O'Donnell
- Division of Infection and Immunity, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Peter Ghazal
- Department of Systems Medicine, Medical School, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Dargaville PA, Kamlin COF, Orsini F, Wang X, De Paoli AG, Kanmaz Kutman HG, Cetinkaya M, Kornhauser-Cerar L, Derrick M, Özkan H, Hulzebos CV, Schmölzer GM, Aiyappan A, Lemyre B, Kuo S, Rajadurai VS, O’Shea J, Biniwale M, Ramanathan R, Kushnir A, Bader D, Thomas MR, Chakraborty M, Buksh MJ, Bhatia R, Sullivan CL, Shinwell ES, Dyson A, Barker DP, Kugelman A, Donovan TJ, Tauscher MK, Murthy V, Ali SKM, Yossuck P, Clark HW, Soll RF, Carlin JB, Davis PG. Effect of Minimally Invasive Surfactant Therapy vs Sham Treatment on Death or Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia in Preterm Infants With Respiratory Distress Syndrome: The OPTIMIST-A Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA 2021; 326:2478-2487. [PMID: 34902013 PMCID: PMC8715350 DOI: 10.1001/jama.2021.21892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
IMPORTANCE The benefits of surfactant administration via a thin catheter (minimally invasive surfactant therapy [MIST]) in preterm infants with respiratory distress syndrome are uncertain. OBJECTIVE To examine the effect of selective application of MIST at a low fraction of inspired oxygen threshold on survival without bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD). DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS Randomized clinical trial including 485 preterm infants with a gestational age of 25 to 28 weeks who were supported with continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) and required a fraction of inspired oxygen of 0.30 or greater within 6 hours of birth. The trial was conducted at 33 tertiary-level neonatal intensive care units around the world, with blinding of the clinicians and outcome assessors. Enrollment took place between December 16, 2011, and March 26, 2020; follow-up was completed on December 2, 2020. INTERVENTIONS Infants were randomized to the MIST group (n = 241) and received exogenous surfactant (200 mg/kg of poractant alfa) via a thin catheter or to the control group (n = 244) and received a sham (control) treatment; CPAP was continued thereafter in both groups unless specified intubation criteria were met. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES The primary outcome was the composite of death or physiological BPD assessed at 36 weeks' postmenstrual age. The components of the primary outcome (death prior to 36 weeks' postmenstrual age and BPD at 36 weeks' postmenstrual age) also were considered separately. RESULTS Among the 485 infants randomized (median gestational age, 27.3 weeks; 241 [49.7%] female), all completed follow-up. Death or BPD occurred in 105 infants (43.6%) in the MIST group and 121 (49.6%) in the control group (risk difference [RD], -6.3% [95% CI, -14.2% to 1.6%]; relative risk [RR], 0.87 [95% CI, 0.74 to 1.03]; P = .10). Incidence of death before 36 weeks' postmenstrual age did not differ significantly between groups (24 [10.0%] in MIST vs 19 [7.8%] in control; RD, 2.1% [95% CI, -3.6% to 7.8%]; RR, 1.27 [95% CI, 0.63 to 2.57]; P = .51), but incidence of BPD in survivors to 36 weeks' postmenstrual age was lower in the MIST group (81/217 [37.3%] vs 102/225 [45.3%] in the control group; RD, -7.8% [95% CI, -14.9% to -0.7%]; RR, 0.83 [95% CI, 0.70 to 0.98]; P = .03). Serious adverse events occurred in 10.3% of infants in the MIST group and 11.1% in the control group. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE Among preterm infants with respiratory distress syndrome supported with CPAP, minimally invasive surfactant therapy compared with sham (control) treatment did not significantly reduce the incidence of the composite outcome of death or bronchopulmonary dysplasia at 36 weeks' postmenstrual age. However, given the statistical uncertainty reflected in the 95% CI, a clinically important effect cannot be excluded. TRIAL REGISTRATION anzctr.org.au Identifier: ACTRN12611000916943.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Peter A. Dargaville
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Australia
- Department of Paediatrics, Royal Hobart Hospital, Hobart, Australia
| | - C. Omar F. Kamlin
- Neonatal Services, Royal Women’s Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Francesca Orsini
- Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics Unit, Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Xiaofang Wang
- Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics Unit, Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia
| | | | - H. Gozde Kanmaz Kutman
- Department of Neonatology, Zekai Tahir Burak Maternity Teaching Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Merih Cetinkaya
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Istanbul Kanuni Sultan Süleyman Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Lilijana Kornhauser-Cerar
- Department of Perinatology, Division of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, University Medical Centre, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Matthew Derrick
- Division of Neonatology, NorthShore University Health System, Evanston, Illinois
| | - Hilal Özkan
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology, Uludağ University Faculty of Medicine, Bursa, Turkey
| | - Christian V. Hulzebos
- Division of Neonatology, Beatrix Children’s Hospital, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Georg M. Schmölzer
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Ajit Aiyappan
- Neonatal Services, Mercy Hospital for Women, Heidelberg, Australia
| | - Brigitte Lemyre
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Newborn Care, Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Sheree Kuo
- Department of Pediatrics, Kapi’olani Medical Center for Women and Children, Honolulu, Hawaii
| | - Victor S. Rajadurai
- Department of Neonatology, KK Women’s and Children’s Hospital, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore
| | - Joyce O’Shea
- Neonatal Unit, Royal Hospital for Children, Glasgow, Scotland
| | - Manoj Biniwale
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, LAC+USC Medical Center and Good Samaritan Hospital, Keck School of Medicine of USC, Los Angeles, California
| | - Rangasamy Ramanathan
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, LAC+USC Medical Center and Good Samaritan Hospital, Keck School of Medicine of USC, Los Angeles, California
| | - Alla Kushnir
- Department of Pediatrics, Children’s Regional Hospital, Cooper University Health Care, Camden, New Jersey
| | - David Bader
- Department of Neonatology, Bnai Zion Medical Center, Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
| | - Mark R. Thomas
- Department of Neonatal Medicine, Chelsea and Westminster Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, England
| | | | - Mariam J. Buksh
- Newborn Service, Starship Child Health, Auckland Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Risha Bhatia
- Monash Newborn, Monash Children’s Hospital, Clayton, Australia
| | | | - Eric S. Shinwell
- Department of Neonatology, Ziv Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, Bar-Ilan University, Tsfat, Israel
| | - Amanda Dyson
- Department of Neonatology, Centenary Hospital for Women and Children, Canberra Hospital, Woden, Australia
| | - David P. Barker
- Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Dunedin Hospital, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Amir Kugelman
- Department of Neonatology, Rambam Medical Center, Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
| | - Tim J. Donovan
- Division of Neonatology, Royal Brisbane and Women’s Hospital, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Markus K. Tauscher
- Division of Neonatology, Peyton Manning Children’s Hospital, Ascension St Vincent, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Vadivelam Murthy
- Neonatal Intensive Care Centre, Royal London Hospital-Barts Health NHS Foundation Trust, London, England
| | | | - Pete Yossuck
- Department of Pediatrics, WVU Medicine Children’s Hospital, Morgantown, West Virginia
| | - Howard W. Clark
- Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Princess Anne Hospital, Southampton, England
- Department of Neonatology, EGA Institute for Women’s Health, Faculty of Population Health Sciences, University College London, London, England
| | - Roger F. Soll
- Division of Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine, Larner College of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington
| | - John B. Carlin
- Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics Unit, Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Peter G. Davis
- Neonatal Services, Royal Women’s Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Mahankar P, Chakraborty M, Bartakke S, Bafna V. Pearson syndrome- A case report. Pediatric Hematology Oncology Journal 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.phoj.2022.03.108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
|
20
|
Course CW, Watkins J, Muller C, Odd D, Kotecha S, Chakraborty M. Volatile organic compounds as disease predictors in newborn infants: a systematic review. J Breath Res 2021; 15. [PMID: 33530065 DOI: 10.1088/1752-7163/abe283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2020] [Accepted: 02/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Volatile organic compounds (VOC) detected in human breath, urine, stool, sweat, saliva, and blood result from metabolic processes in the body during health or disease. Using sophisticated measurement systems, small amounts of these compounds can be detected in the above bodily fluids. Multiple studies in adults and children have shown the potential of these compounds to differentiate between healthy individuals and patients by detecting profiles of compounds in non-invasively collected samples. However, the detection of biomarkers in VOCs from neonates is particularly attractive due to the non-invasive nature of its approach, and its ability to track disease progress by longitudinal sampling. In this work we have reviewed the literature on the use of VOCs in neonates and identified areas for future work.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christopher William Course
- University Hospital of Wales, University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff, Cardiff, CF14 4XW, UNITED KINGDOM OF GREAT BRITAIN AND NORTHERN IRELAND
| | - John Watkins
- Cardiff University, Cardiff University, Cardiff, CF14 4YS, UNITED KINGDOM OF GREAT BRITAIN AND NORTHERN IRELAND
| | - Carsten Muller
- Cardiff University, Cardiff University, Cardiff, CF14 4YS, UNITED KINGDOM OF GREAT BRITAIN AND NORTHERN IRELAND
| | - David Odd
- Cardiff University, Cardiff University, Cardiff, CF14 4YS, UNITED KINGDOM OF GREAT BRITAIN AND NORTHERN IRELAND
| | - Sailesh Kotecha
- Cardiff University, University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff, CF14 4XW, UNITED KINGDOM OF GREAT BRITAIN AND NORTHERN IRELAND
| | - Mallinath Chakraborty
- Cardiff University, University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff, CF10 3AT, UNITED KINGDOM OF GREAT BRITAIN AND NORTHERN IRELAND
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Boel L, Banerjee S, Clark M, Greenwood A, Sharma A, Goel N, Bagga G, Poon C, Odd D, Chakraborty M. Temporal trends of care practices, morbidity, and mortality of extremely preterm infants over 10-years in South Wales, UK. Sci Rep 2020; 10:18738. [PMID: 33127999 PMCID: PMC7603316 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-75749-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2020] [Accepted: 10/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Contemporary outcome data of preterm infants are essential to commission, evaluate and improve healthcare resources and outcomes while also assisting professionals and families in counselling and decision making. We analysed trends in clinical practice, morbidity, and mortality of extremely preterm infants over 10 years in South Wales, UK. This population-based study included live born infants < 28 weeks of gestation in tertiary neonatal units between 01/01/2007 and 31/12/2016. Patient characteristics, clinical practices, mortality, and morbidity were studied until death or discharge home. Temporal trends were examined by adjusted multivariable logistic regression models and expressed as adjusted odds ratios (aOR) with 95% confidence intervals (95% CI). A sensitivity analysis was conducted after excluding infants born at < 24 weeks of gestation. In this population, overall mortality for infants after live birth was 28.2% (267/948). The odds of mortality (aOR 0.93, 95% CI [0.88, 0.99]) and admission to the neonatal unit (0.93 [0.87, 0.98]) significantly decreased over time. Non-invasive ventilation support during stabilisation at birth increased significantly (1.26 [1.15, 1.38]) with corresponding decrease in mechanical ventilation at birth (0.89 [0.81, 0.97]) and following admission (0.80 [0.68–0.96]). Medical treatment for patent ductus arteriosus significantly decreased over the study period (0.90 [0.85, 0.96]). The incidence of major neonatal morbidities remained stable, except for a reduction in late-onset sepsis (0.94 [0.89, 0.99]). Gestation and centre of birth were significant independent factors for several outcomes. The results from our sensitivity analysis were compatible with our main results with the notable exception of death after admission to NICU (0.95 [0.89, 1.01]). There were significant improvements in survival and reduction of late-onset sepsis of extreme preterm infants in South Wales between 2007 and 2016. The sensitivity analysis suggests that some of the temporal changes observed were driven by improved outcomes in the most preterm of infants. Clinical practices related to respiratory support have changed but significant variations in clinical practices and outcomes between centres remain unexplained. The adoption of regional evidence-based clinical guidelines is likely to improve outcomes and reduce variation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lieve Boel
- Regional Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff, CF14 4XW, UK
| | - Sujoy Banerjee
- Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Singleton Hospital, Swansea, UK
| | - Megan Clark
- School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Annabel Greenwood
- Regional Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff, CF14 4XW, UK
| | - Alok Sharma
- Regional Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff, CF14 4XW, UK
| | - Nitin Goel
- Regional Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff, CF14 4XW, UK
| | - Gautam Bagga
- Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Royal Gwent Hospital, Newport, UK
| | - Chuen Poon
- Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Royal Gwent Hospital, Newport, UK
| | - David Odd
- Division of Population Medicine, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Mallinath Chakraborty
- Regional Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff, CF14 4XW, UK. .,Centre for Medical Education, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Stuttaford L, Webb J, Smith SL, Powell C, Watkins WJ, Chakraborty M. Estimating insertion length of umbilical arterial and venous catheters in newborn infants: time for change. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med 2020; 35:3770-3775. [PMID: 33108912 DOI: 10.1080/14767058.2020.1838478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Umbilical catheters are inserted through the umbilical artery or vein at birth and are crucial in neonatal care. There are several different methods of estimating adequate insertion length of umbilical catheters based on one of two hypotheses; that the insertion length of the UC is correlated to either the infant's birth weight or an external length measurement. AIM To review the published literature on methods of estimating insertion lengths of umbilical arterial catheters (UACs) and umbilical venous catheters (UVCs) in newborn infants. METHODS Systematic search on Medline was undertaken using keywords for relevant papers up to March 2019. Papers were selected by manual search of titles and abstracts. RESULTS Formulae for predicting umbilical catheter insertion length are unreliable, particularly for UVCs. There is also conflicting evidence around whether birth weight-based formulae are more reliable than external length-based formulae. Studies comparing various methods to determine their efficacy to show that current formulae have a low accuracy for determining both UVC and UAC positioning. CONCLUSIONS Current formulae for estimating insertion length of umbilical catheters are not fit for purpose. We propose a new observational study which uses a new external length measurement, the sternal notch to umbilicus length, to develop a more reliable formula for the insertion of UVC and UAC to an adequate length.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Laura Stuttaford
- Regional Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff, UK
| | - Jennifer Webb
- Regional Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff, UK
| | - Susan L Smith
- School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Environmental and Life Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Colin Powell
- Division of Population Medicine, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK.,Department of Emergency Medicine, Sidra Medicine, Doha, Qatar
| | - William J Watkins
- Department of Infection and Immunity, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Mallinath Chakraborty
- Regional Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff, UK.,Department of Postgraduate Medical Education, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Chakraborty M, Watkins WJ, Tansey K, King WE, Banerjee S. Predicting extubation outcomes using the Heart Rate Characteristics index in preterm infants: a cohort study. Eur Respir J 2020; 56:13993003.01755-2019. [PMID: 32444402 DOI: 10.1183/13993003.01755-2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2019] [Accepted: 05/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
A strategy of early extubation to noninvasive respiratory support in preterm infants could be boosted by the availability of a decision support tool for clinicians. Using the Heart Rate Characteristics index (HRCi) with clinical parameters, we derived and validated predictive models for extubation readiness and success.Peri-extubation demographic, clinical and HRCi data for up to 96 h were collected from mechanically ventilated infants in the control arm of a randomised trial involving eight neonatal centres, where clinicians were blinded to the HRCi scores. The data were used to produce a multivariable regression model for the probability of subsequent re-intubation. Additionally, a survival model was produced to estimate the probability of re-intubation in the period after extubation.Of the 577 eligible infants, data from 397 infants (69%) were used to derive the pre-extubation model and 180 infants (31%) for validation. The model was also fitted and validated using all combinations of training (five centres) and test (three centres) centres. The estimated probability for the validation episodes showed discrimination with high statistical significance, with an area under the curve of 0.72 (95% CI 0.71-0.74; p<0.001). Data from all infants were used to derive models of the predictive instantaneous hazard of re-intubation adjusted for clinical parameters.Predictive models of extubation readiness and success in real-time can be derived using physiological and clinical variables. The models from our analyses can be accessed using an online tool available at www.heroscore.com/extubation, and have the potential to inform and supplement the confidence of the clinician considering extubation in preterm infants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mallinath Chakraborty
- Regional Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff, UK.,Centre for Medical Education, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK.,These authors contributed equally to this work
| | - William John Watkins
- Dept of Infection and Immunity, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK.,These authors contributed equally to this work
| | - Katherine Tansey
- Dept of Infection and Immunity, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - William E King
- Medical Predictive Science Corporation, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Sujoy Banerjee
- Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Singleton Hospital, Swansea, UK
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Jaggi N, Nirwan P, Chakraborty M. Process improvement to effectively manage and reduce sharps injuries in a Tertiary Hospital in Northern India. J Healthc Qual Res 2020; 35:141-148. [PMID: 32446644 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhqr.2020.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2019] [Revised: 02/29/2020] [Accepted: 03/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES Needle stick injuries are associated with a 0.3-30% risk of transmission of Human Immunodeficiency virus, Hepatitis C virus, and Hepatitis B virus. Despite causing psychological trauma they also involve a huge financial burden. A robust process improvement (RPI) toolkit was introduced in order to effectively manage and reduce needle stick injuries, as well as an attempt to report prevalence, post-exposure management, and associated economic burden. MATERIALS AND METHODS Prospective Observational Study (2015-2018) has been design in a Corporate Tertiary Care Hospital. The participants included were needle stick injuries exposed staff. RPI toolkit was implemented (2015-2018) focusing on root cause analysis, availability of safety engineered devices, immunization and post-exposure management of needle stick injuries exposed staff. The main outcome measure was needle stick injuries incidence. RESULTS A total of 211 needle stick injuries were reported (mean - 52.72/year, needle stick injury incidence - 13.18/year/100 beds). Yearly trends showed a decrease of 21.3% in injuries from 2015 (61) to 2018 (48). Half (106, 50%) of the total injuries were reported among nurses. Use of hypodermic needles was involved in 116 (55%) injuries, with 114 (54%) occurring due to nonadherence to hospital policies. Overall, 204 staff had protective immunity, and 135 (64%) of these had completed their Hepatitis B immunizations. The source was known in 165 (78%) cases, and 113 of these cases had an injury from a source with negative viral markers. A 6-month follow-up was completed in 90 cases. No seroconversion was reported. Overall costs incurred in post-exposure prophylaxis was approximately €30,000 (mean cost €143.50/needle stick injury). CONCLUSION Nurses are most at risk of needle stick injury in healthcare settings. Implementation of RPI toolkit led to a 21.3% reduction in sharps injury incidences. These injuries incur huge financial burden on the hospital. Appropriate immunization strategies saved about €1360 expenditure on post-exposure prophylaxis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- N Jaggi
- Artemis Hospital, Sector 51, Gurugram, Haryana 122001, India
| | - P Nirwan
- Artemis Hospital, Sector 51, Gurugram, Haryana 122001, India.
| | - M Chakraborty
- Artemis Hospital, Sector 51, Gurugram, Haryana 122001, India
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Sah RP, Chakraborty M, Prasad K, Pandit M, Tudu VK, Chakravarty MK, Narayan SC, Rana M, Moharana D. Impact of water deficit stress in maize: Phenology and yield components. Sci Rep 2020; 10:2944. [PMID: 32076012 PMCID: PMC7031221 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-59689-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2019] [Accepted: 01/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Fifteen million farmers in India engaged in Maize cultivation. India would require 45 MMT of Maize by 2022. But, only 15% of cultivated area of maize is under irrigation and water shortage has been a challenge for sustainability of maize production. Water deficit stress (WDS) during pre-flowering and grain filling stages massively affects the plant performance due to imprecise traits function. Thus, the effect of WDS on non-drought tolerant (NDT) and drought tolerant (DT) maize lines were investigated. WDS increased the flowering days, days to maturity, anthesis silk interval, decreased the leaf number, abnormal expression of secondary stress responsive traits, loss of normal root architecture which overall lead to a reduction in GY/ha. WDS at flowering and grain filling stage leads to significant yield penalty especially in NDT lines than DT lines. The yield penalty was ranged from 34.28 to 66.15% in NDT and 38.48 to 55.95% in DT lines due to WDS. Using multiple statistics, traits which improve WDS tolerance in maize were identified viz; number of leaves, number of stomata on lower surface of leaf, leaf angle at ear forming node internodal length between 3rd and 4th leaf from top, flag leaf length, flag leaf width, ear per plants, leaf senescence, pollen stainability, root fresh weight and root length. These traits would help in trait specific breeding in maize for WDS tolerance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- R P Sah
- ICAR-National Rice Research Institute, Cuttack, Odisha, India.,Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Birsa Agricultural University, Kanke, Ranchi, Jharkhand, India
| | - M Chakraborty
- Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Birsa Agricultural University, Kanke, Ranchi, Jharkhand, India.
| | - K Prasad
- Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Birsa Agricultural University, Kanke, Ranchi, Jharkhand, India
| | - M Pandit
- Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Birsa Agricultural University, Kanke, Ranchi, Jharkhand, India
| | - V K Tudu
- Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Birsa Agricultural University, Kanke, Ranchi, Jharkhand, India
| | - M K Chakravarty
- Department of Entomology, Birsa Agricultural University, Kanke, Ranchi, Jharkhand, India
| | - S C Narayan
- Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Birsa Agricultural University, Kanke, Ranchi, Jharkhand, India
| | - M Rana
- Indian Grassland and Fodder Research Institute, Jhansi, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - D Moharana
- ICAR-National Rice Research Institute, Cuttack, Odisha, India
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Hossaini F, Munshi S, Chakraborty M. Antimicrobial effects of different extracts of medicinally used green leafy vegetables collected from local market of Dhaka, Bangladesh. Food Res 2020. [DOI: 10.26656/fr.2017.4(3).017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study was carried out to determine the antimicrobial efficacy of green leafy
vegetable samples which are traditionally used as medicinal herbs. Therefore, three
samples each of Neem (Azadirachta indica, leaves), Ivy Gourd (Coccinia grandis, leaves),
Water Spinach (Ipomoea aquatica, leaves) and Skunkvine (Paederia foetida, leaves) were
collected and subjected to microbiological analysis, and agar well diffusion and
microdilution assays to check antimicrobial activity. The samples contained total viable
bacteria and fungi up to 107
and 105 CFU/g, respectively. Staphylococcus spp., Klebsiella
spp. and Pseudomonas spp. were recovered in all the samples. All the samples showed
potential antibacterial activity against most of the tested bacteria, especially their ethanolic
and methanolic extracts. Although, crude and hot water extracts almost had no effect on
the bacterial growth. The MIC value of the samples was found in a range of 3 mg/mL to
12 mg/mL and the average MIC value was recorded to be 6 mg/mL. Overall, the findings
of the present study justified the therapeutic potential of the tested green leafy vegetable
samples.
Collapse
|
27
|
Blundell PDM, Chakraborty M. Relationship between Apgar Scores and Morbidity and Mortality Outcomes in Preterm Infants: A Single-Centre Cohort Study. Neonatology 2020; 117:742-749. [PMID: 33429398 DOI: 10.1159/000512524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2020] [Accepted: 10/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Apgar scoring in modern practice has extended beyond the original described remit by Virginia Apgar, including prognostication. Prognostic value of Apgar scoring in preterm populations is unsupported by robust evidence. OBJECTIVES We aimed to identify the association between mortality or a composite mortality/major morbidity outcome in preterm infants with 1-min, 5-min, and sum 1 + 5-min Apgar scores. METHODS Seven-year retrospective data was analysed on neonates born <32 weeks gestation in a regional neonatal centre. Co-primary outcomes were mortality and composite mortality/major morbidity. Adjusted odds ratios (aOR) were estimated using multivariable logistic regression analysis. RESULTS 394 infants were included in the analysis. In neonates born <28 weeks gestation, no significant association was found between Apgar scores and the co-primary outcomes. In neonates born ≥28 weeks, low 1-min (aOR 10.452 [1.273, 85.835] for scores 4-6, 22.173 [2.666, 184.438] for scores 0-3), 5-min (4.724 [1.616, 13.806] for scores 4-6, 11.178 [1.803, 69.299] for scores 0-3), and sum 1 + 5-min Apgar scores (12.447 [2.674, 57.941] for scores 4-6, 55.960 [8.333, 375.804] for scores 0-3) were associated with significantly increased aOR of mortality. Increased aOR of composite mortality/major morbidity were also seen in neonates with moderately low (4-6) Apgar scores (aOR 3.104 [1.522, 6.328] for 1 min, 2.804 [1.406, 5.594] for 5 min, and 3.232 [1.769, 5.905] for 1 + 5 min). CONCLUSIONS Apgar scoring at 1 and 5 min has limited prognostic accuracy for extremely preterm infants but is prognostic in older infants. Sum Apgar scores, a measure of initial condition and response to resuscitation, may be a better predictor of mortality than individual scores.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Mallinath Chakraborty
- Regional Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff, United Kingdom, .,Centre for Medical Education, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom,
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Ramdeny S, Broad K, Sekaran P, Harrison S, Connor P, Chakraborty M. Immature gastric teratoma in a newborn. Journal of Pediatric Surgery Case Reports 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.epsc.2019.101222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
|
29
|
Patel TN, Chakraborty M, Bhattacharya P. Microsatellite Instability in Chronic Myeloid Leukemia using D17S261 and D3S643 markers: A Pilot Study in Gujarat Population. Indian J Cancer 2018; 54:426-429. [PMID: 29469071 DOI: 10.4103/ijc.ijc_275_17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT Tumor progresses through a series of genetic alterations that involve proto-oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes - the gatekeeper, caretakers, and landscaper genes. Microsatellites are short tandem repeat sequences, present over the span of human genome and are known to be variable at multiple loci due to errors in DNA Mismatch Repair machinery. AIM The present study was aimed to evaluate the association between Microsatellite Instability (MSI) and evolution of Chronic Myeloid Leukemia (CML) - genetically a rare event but profound in this pilot study. SETTINGS AND DESIGNS We explore the possibility of MSI in primary CML patients confirmed by t(9;22) using capillary electrophoresis. Fifteen CML patients and healthy individual samples, respectively, were used to study the markers D17S261 and D3S643. MATERIALS AND METHODS The DNA was amplified using tagged and nontagged primers and further subjected to bioanalysis and fragment analysis. RESULTS While the results from bioanalyzer fluctuated, fragment analysis indicated the presence of microsatellite variability in 80% of the patients' samples as compared to no MSI in normal individuals for both the markers. CONCLUSION These findings suggest that MSI is a genetic event that may have a role in CML progression or evolution. Further studies are warranted to understand the plausible underlying causes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- T N Patel
- Departments of Integrative Biology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - M Chakraborty
- Departments of Biomedical Genetics, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - P Bhattacharya
- Departments of Integrative Biology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Sharma N, Chakraborty M, Neog NK, Bandyopadhyay M. Development and characterization of a helicon plasma source. Rev Sci Instrum 2018; 89:083508. [PMID: 30184689 DOI: 10.1063/1.5030624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2018] [Accepted: 08/02/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The Helicon Plasma Source (HeliPS) designed and developed at the Centre of Plasma Physics-Institute for Plasma Research is a versatile helicon plasma device, which operates in a wide range of magnetic field configurations from 50 G to 500 G. This device is dedicated to perform a broad range of research activities. The main objective for development of the HeliPS is to carry out studies on ion-ion plasmas in electronegative gases. In the near future, ion-ion plasmas will be formed in electronegative gases in the downstream of the plasma production region. Although the system is primarily designed to carry out ion-ion plasma experiments, the same system can also be used for experimental studies on some basic helicon plasma properties such as wave propagation, wave coupling, and plasma instability. At present, argon plasma is produced with a RF power supply of 13.56 MHz frequency. External circuit parameters, such as antenna current, plasma resistance (Rp), and internal parameters, such as electron density and temperature, are measured. The details of the experimental setup development, device characteristic, as well as preliminary plasma production and characterization to confirm occurrence of the helicon plasma in the system are presented in this article.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- N Sharma
- Centre of Plasma Physics-Institute for Plasma Research, Tepesia, Sonapur, Kamrup, Assam 782402, India
| | - M Chakraborty
- Centre of Plasma Physics-Institute for Plasma Research, Tepesia, Sonapur, Kamrup, Assam 782402, India
| | - N K Neog
- Centre of Plasma Physics-Institute for Plasma Research, Tepesia, Sonapur, Kamrup, Assam 782402, India
| | - M Bandyopadhyay
- Institute for Plasma Research, HBNI, Bhat, Gandhinagar 382428, Gujarat, India
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Goel N, Chakraborty M, Watkins WJ, Banerjee S. Predicting Extubation Outcomes-A Model Incorporating Heart Rate Characteristics Index. J Pediatr 2018; 195:53-58.e1. [PMID: 29329913 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpeds.2017.11.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2017] [Revised: 10/09/2017] [Accepted: 11/16/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To test the hypothesis that in neonates on mechanical ventilation, heart rate characteristics index (HRCi) can be combined with a clinical model for predicting extubation outcomes in neonates. STUDY DESIGN HRCi and clinical data for all intended intubation-extubation events (episodes) were retrospectively analyzed between June 2014 and January 2015. Each episode started 6 hours pre-extubation or at the time of primary intubation if ventilation duration was shorter than 6 hours (baseline). The episodes ended at 72 hours postextubation for successful extubations or at reintubation for failed extubations. Mean of 6 hourly epoch HRCi-scores (baseline) or fold-changes (postextubation) were analyzed. Results are expressed as medians (IQR) for continuous data and proportions for categorical data. Multivariable logistic regression mixed model was used for statistical analysis. RESULTS Sixty-six infants contributed to 96 episodes (18 failed extubations, 78 successful extubations) in the study. Failed extubations had significantly longer duration of ventilation (65.3 hours, 19.94-158.2 vs 38.4, 16.5-71.3) and more culture positive sepsis (33.3% vs 3.8%) than successful extubations. Baseline HRCi scores (1.68, 1.29-2.45 vs 0.95, 0.54-1.86) and postextubation epoch-1 fold changes (1.25, 0.94-1.55 vs 0.94, 0.82-1.11) were higher in failed extubations compared with successful extubations. Multivariable linear mixed-effects regression was used to create prediction models for success of extubation, using relevant variables. CONCLUSIONS The baseline and postextubation HRCi were significantly higher in neonates with extubation failure compared with those who succeeded. Models using HRCi and clinical variables to predict extubation success may add to the confidence of clinicians considering extubation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nitin Goel
- Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Singleton Hospital, Swansea, United Kingdom.
| | - Mallinath Chakraborty
- Regional Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff, United Kingdom; Department of Postgraduate Medicine and Dentistry, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | - William John Watkins
- Department of Infection and Immunity, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | - Sujoy Banerjee
- Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Singleton Hospital, Swansea, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
|
33
|
|
34
|
Rolfe K, Chakraborty M, Tucker D. Linking AWPS and CARIS data to estimate perinatal mortality in Wales due to congenital anomalies. Int J Popul Data Sci 2017. [PMCID: PMC8480871 DOI: 10.23889/ijpds.v1i1.238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
ABSTRACTObjectivesThe All Wales Perinatal Survey (AWPS) collects mortality data on perinatal, neonatal and infant mortality in Wales up to a year of age. The Congenital Anomaly Register and Information Service (CARIS) collects clinical data on all congenital anomalies in foeti, infants and children in Wales. This was the first attempt to link the AWPS and CARIS databases.ApproachThe AWPS database coded stillbirths, terminations and deaths by the clinic-pathologic classification until 2012, assigning each case a survey number. The CARIS database started collecting data from 1998. Thus, the common period between 1998 and 2012 (15 years) was chosen for this study. Using CARIS as the main dataset, AWPS data were matched against the CARIS database using NHS numbers, along with soft linking on date of birth, maternal date of birth, and postcode. The unique AWPS survey number and coding was then added to the matched record within the CARIS dataset. This final ‘linked’ dataset was used to look at trend data.
ResultsBetween 1998 and 2012 a total of 20,574 cases were recorded in the CARIS database. After excluding cases where no gestation or date of death were recorded, and including deaths between >19 weeks’ gestation up to 365 days after birth, there were 1306 foetal losses/terminations, 231 stillbirths, and 662 livebirths (total 2,199) records left in the CARIS database who died with congenital anomalies. In the comparable period, using the same criteria, there were 6,909 records identified in the AWPS database. Of those, 1,765 had a recorded lethal congenital anomaly. By using the above criteria, a total of 2,039 cases in the CARIS database were linked to the AWPS database. 241 cases in the CARIS database and 151 cases in the AWPS database could not be linked by the above methods.Analysing the CARIS cases alone showed that consistently more than 80% of foeti are live-born, and survive. Chromosomal (22%), cardiovascular (21%) and brain (15%) anomalies are the most common congenital anomalies in the linked cases, which contribute to infant mortality. This pattern has remained largely unchanged over the study period. ConclusionUsing NHS numbers and soft linking, the majority of CARIS cases were linked to AWPS cases. Although both these databases should closely reflect each other, missing cases suggest there is scope for improvement in data collection. Sharing of data could also improve the quality of both databases.
Collapse
|
35
|
Kotecha SJ, Chakraborty M, Kotecha S. Nasal continuous positive airway pressure outperforms heated high-flow nasal cannula therapy as primary respiratory therapy in preterm infants. Evid Based Med 2017; 22:63. [PMID: 28122796 DOI: 10.1136/ebmed-2016-110618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
|
36
|
Chakraborty M, Mukhopadhyay S, Dasgupta A, Patsa S, Anjum N, Ray JG. A new approach of oral cancer detection using bilateral texture features in digital infrared thermal images. Annu Int Conf IEEE Eng Med Biol Soc 2017; 2016:1377-1380. [PMID: 28268582 DOI: 10.1109/embc.2016.7590964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Oral cancer is one of the most prevalent form of cancer and its severity is aggrandized specially among the socio-economically backward population in developing countries. A major fraction of patient population is unable to avail diagnosis for oral cancer due to scarcity of state-of-the-art infrastructure and experienced oral and maxillofacial pathologist. Contemporary gold standard of oral cancer confirmation relies on biopsy report. But biopsy is invasive and thus patients are usually reluctant to undergo this test. Moreover, biopsy yields considerable false negatives if investigated tissue is not collected precisely from the carcinogenic location. Till date, there is dearth of computer aided pre-screening tool for detection of oral cancer. The paper presents Digital Infrared Thermal Imaging as a viable modality for early screening of oral cancer. This is the pioneering attempt to discriminate normal subjects from patients by leveraging discriminating texture features on oral thermograms. Statistically significant texture features were selected from a) both halves of frontal face and b) right and left profile faces. Due to disparity of distribution of facial temperature between normal subjects and patients, the corresponding texture features form discriminative class specific local clusters. Such local conglomeration was exploited using k-means and fuzzy k-means clustering. We adopt the concept of cluster prototype classifier which assigns label to each cluster according to majority class labels within that cluster. Highest classification accuracy of 86.12% is attained on fusion of features from left and right half of frontal face of precancerous subject followed by fuzzy k-means guided cluster prototype classification. The proposed work outperforms our previously developed pre-screening framework by upto 6.5%. Such promising results boosts the viability of our approach.
Collapse
|
37
|
Affiliation(s)
| | - M. Chakraborty
- Metallurgical Engineering Department, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur 721302, India
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Mahdi AJ, Gosrani D, Chakraborty M, Rees A, Conner C, Wilson K, Rayment R, Alvares C. Successful molecular targeted treatment of AML in pregnancy with Azacitidine and Sorafenib with no adverse fetal outcomes. Br J Haematol 2016; 180:603-604. [PMID: 27766617 DOI: 10.1111/bjh.14417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ali J Mahdi
- Department of Haematology, University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff, UK
| | - Deepan Gosrani
- Department of Haematology, University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff, UK
| | | | - Alexandra Rees
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff, UK
| | - Christine Conner
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff, UK
| | - Keith Wilson
- Department of Haematology, University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff, UK
| | - Rachel Rayment
- Department of Haematology, University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff, UK
| | - Caroline Alvares
- Department of Haematology, University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff, UK
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Affiliation(s)
- S N Biswas
- Department of General Medicine, Midnapore Medical College and Hospital, Medinipur, West Bengal, India
| | - P P Chakraborty
- Department of General Medicine, Midnapore Medical College and Hospital, Medinipur, West Bengal, India
| | - M Chakraborty
- Department of Microbiology, Calcutta School of Tropical Medicine, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
|
41
|
Raut AN, Nandanwar SU, Suryawanshi YR, Chakraborty M, Jauhari S, Mukhopadhyay S, Shenoy KT, Bajaj HC. Liquid phase selective hydrogenation of phenol to cyclohexanone over Ru/Al2O3 nanocatalyst under mild conditions. Kinet Catal 2016. [DOI: 10.1134/s0023158416010110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
|
42
|
Chakraborty M, Reddy PS, Mustafa G, Rajesh G, Narasu VML, Udayasuriyan V, Rana D. Transgenic rice expressing the cry2AX1 gene confers resistance to multiple lepidopteran pests. Transgenic Res 2016; 25:665-78. [DOI: 10.1007/s11248-016-9954-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2015] [Accepted: 03/23/2016] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
|
43
|
Chakraborty M, Sairam Reddy P, Laxmi Narasu M, Krishna G, Rana D. Agrobacterium-mediated genetic transformation of commercially elite rice restorer line using nptII gene as a plant selection marker. Physiol Mol Biol Plants 2016; 22:51-60. [PMID: 27186018 PMCID: PMC4840146 DOI: 10.1007/s12298-015-0334-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2015] [Revised: 11/15/2015] [Accepted: 12/06/2015] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Transformation of commercially important indica cultivars remains challenging for the scientific community even though Agrobacterium-mediated transformation protocols for a few indica rice lines have been well established. We report successful transformation of a commercially important restorer line JK1044R of indica rice hybrid JKRH 401. While following existing protocol, we optimized several parameters for callusing, regeneration and genetic transformation of JK1044R. Calli generated from the rice scutellum tissue were used for transformation by Agrobacterium harboring pCAMBIA2201. A novel two tire selection scheme comprising of Geneticin (G418) and Paramomycin were deployed for selection of transgenic calli as well as regenerated plantlets that expressed neomycin phosphotransferase-II gene encoded by the vector. One specific combination of G418 (30 mg l(-1)) and Paramomycin (70 mg l(-1)) was very effective for calli selection. Transformed and selected calli were detected by monitoring the expression of the reporter gene uidA (GUS). Regenerated plantlets were confirmed through PCR analysis of nptII and gus genes specific primers as well as dot blot using gus gene specific as probe.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M. Chakraborty
- />Department of Biotechnology, Jawaharlal Nehru Technological University (JNTU), Hyderabad, Telangana 500072 India
- />Biotechnology Division, J.K Agri. Genetics Pvt. Ltd., Hyderabad, Telangana 500016 India
| | - P. Sairam Reddy
- />Biotechnology Division, J.K Agri. Genetics Pvt. Ltd., Hyderabad, Telangana 500016 India
| | - M. Laxmi Narasu
- />Department of Biotechnology, Jawaharlal Nehru Technological University (JNTU), Hyderabad, Telangana 500072 India
| | - Gaurav Krishna
- />Biotechnology Division, J.K Agri. Genetics Pvt. Ltd., Hyderabad, Telangana 500016 India
- />Jacob School of Biotechnology & Bioengineering, Sam Higginbottom Institute of Agriculture, Technology & Sciences (Formerly Allahabad Agricultural Institute), Deemed University, Allahabad, 211007 Uttar Pradesh India
| | - Debashis Rana
- />Biotechnology Division, J.K Agri. Genetics Pvt. Ltd., Hyderabad, Telangana 500016 India
- />Bayer CropScience-Seeds, Bayer (South East Asia) Pte Ltd, Singapore, Singapore
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Singh SK, Rajawat AS, Rathore BP, Bahuguna IM, Chakraborty M. Detection of Glacier Lakes Buried under Snow by RISAT-1 SAR in the Himalayan Terrain. CURR SCI INDIA 2015. [DOI: 10.18520/cs/v109/i9/1735-1739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
|
45
|
Singh SK, Rajawat AS, Rathore BP, Bahuguna IM, Chakraborty M. Detection of Glacier Lakes Buried under Snow by RISAT-1 SAR in the Himalayan Terrain. CURR SCI INDIA 2015. [DOI: 10.18520/v109/i9/1735-1739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
|
46
|
Kotecha SJ, Adappa R, Gupta N, Watkins WJ, Kotecha S, Chakraborty M. Safety and Efficacy of High-Flow Nasal Cannula Therapy in Preterm Infants: A Meta-analysis. Pediatrics 2015; 136:542-53. [PMID: 26283781 DOI: 10.1542/peds.2015-0738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/17/2015] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE High-flow therapy is the most recent, and popular, mode of respiratory support in neonates. However, the evidence supporting its efficacy and safety has not yet been established. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of clinical trials comparing efficacy and safety of high-flow therapy compared with other modes of noninvasive ventilation (NIV) in preterm infants. METHODS Articles were indexed by using Medline, Embase, Scopus, OpenSIGLE, Health Management Information Consortium, and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials. Randomized or quasi-randomized clinical trials involving preterm infants, comparing high-flow therapy with other modes of NIV, and reporting extractable data on relevant outcomes, were selected. Data on efficacy, safety, and other common neonatal outcomes were extracted on predesigned forms. RESULTS In this analysis, we included 1112 preterm infants, participating in 9 clinical trials. High-flow therapy was similar in efficacy to other modes of NIV in preterm infants when used as primary support (odds ratio of failure of therapy, 1.02 [95% confidence interval: 0.55 to 1.88]), as well as after extubation (1.09 [0.58 to 2.02]). There were no significant differences in odds of death (0.48 [0.18 to 1.24]) between the groups. Preterm infants supported on high-flow had significantly lower odds of nasal trauma (0.13 [0.02 to 0.69]). CONCLUSIONS High-flow therapy appears to be similar in efficacy and safety to other conventional modes of NIV in preterm infants. It is associated with significantly lower odds of nasal trauma. Caution needs to be exercised in extreme preterm infants because of the paucity of published data.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sarah J Kotecha
- Department of Child Health, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom; and
| | - Roshan Adappa
- Department of Neonatology, University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | - Nakul Gupta
- Department of Neonatology, University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | - W John Watkins
- Department of Child Health, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom; and
| | - Sailesh Kotecha
- Department of Child Health, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom; and
| | - Mallinath Chakraborty
- Department of Child Health, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom; and Department of Neonatology, University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Abstract
We describe a female infant born at term to consanguineous parents, with a suspicion of skeletal dysplasia in utero. At birth, she had short limbs, camptodactyly, dysphagia leading to nasogastric tube feeds, and skeletal survey demonstrating dysplasia of long bones and spine. During infancy, she also developed episodes of respiratory failure necessitating admission to intensive care, and periods of hyperhidrosis managed at home. A basic genetic screen did not reveal any abnormalities. Contact was made with the European Skeletal Dysplasia Network, and a provisional diagnosis of Stuve-Wiedemann syndrome was suggested based on this review. Specific genetic tests showed a previously unreported homozygous mutation of leukaemia inhibitory factor receptor gene, confirming the diagnosis. This is the first case with a novel mutation, reported from the UK. For paediatricians and neonatologists, the European Skeletal Dysplasia Network is a valuable resource to reach a specific diagnosis.
Collapse
|
48
|
Nandanwar SU, Dabbawala AA, Chakraborty M, Bajaj HC, Mukhopadhyay S, Shenoy KT. Partial hydrogenation of benzene to cyclohexene over Ru/γ-Al2O3 nanocatalyst via w/o microemulsion using boric acid and ethanolamine additives. Res Chem Intermed 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s11164-015-2102-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
|
49
|
Patel RR, Barad JM, Nandanwar SU, Dabbawala AA, Chakraborty M, Parikh PA, Baja HC. Cellulose supported ruthenium nanoclusters as an efficient and recyclable catalytic system for benzene hydrogenation under mild conditions. Kinet Catal 2015. [DOI: 10.1134/s002315841502007x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
|
50
|
Bala N, Saha S, Chakraborty M, Maiti M, Das S, Basu R, Nandy P. Green synthesis of zinc oxide nanoparticles using Hibiscus subdariffa leaf extract: effect of temperature on synthesis, anti-bacterial activity and anti-diabetic activity. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ra12784f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 324] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Particle size dependent anti-bacterial and anti-diabetic activities of green synthesized ZnO nanoparticles.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Niranjan Bala
- Department of Physics
- Jadavpur University
- Kolkata 700032
- India
| | - S. Saha
- Department of Physics
- Jadavpur University
- Kolkata 700032
- India
| | - M. Chakraborty
- Department of Physics
- Jadavpur University
- Kolkata 700032
- India
| | - M. Maiti
- Department of Physics
- Jadavpur University
- Kolkata 700032
- India
| | - S. Das
- Department of Physics
- Jadavpur University
- Kolkata 700032
- India
| | - R. Basu
- Department of Physics
- Jogamaya Devi College
- Kolkata 700 026
- India
| | - P. Nandy
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research and Education
- Kolkata 700 068
- India
| |
Collapse
|