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Klopp AH, Enserro D, Powell M, Randall M, Schink JC, Mannel RS, Holman L, Bender D, Kushnir CL, Backes F, Zweizig SL, Waggoner S, Bradley KA, Lawrence LD, Hanjani P, Darus CJ, Small W, Cardenes HR, Feddock JM, Miller DS. Radiation Therapy With or Without Cisplatin for Local Recurrences of Endometrial Cancer: Results From an NRG Oncology/GOG Prospective Randomized Multicenter Clinical Trial. J Clin Oncol 2024:JCO2301279. [PMID: 38662968 DOI: 10.1200/jco.23.01279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Revised: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Pelvic recurrence is a frequent pattern of relapse for women with endometrial cancer. A randomized trial compared progression-free survival (PFS) after treatment with radiation therapy alone as compared with concurrent chemotherapy. MATERIALS AND METHODS Between February 2008 and August 2020, 165 patients were randomly assigned 1:1 to receive either radiation treatment alone or a combination of chemotherapy and radiation treatment. The primary objective of this study was to determine whether chemoradiation therapy was more effective than radiation therapy alone at improving PFS. RESULTS The majority of patients had low-grade (1 or 2) endometrioid histology (82%) and recurrences confined to the vagina (86%). External beam with either the three-dimensional or intensity modulated radiation treatment technique was followed by a boost delivered with brachytherapy or external beam. Patients randomly assigned to receive chemotherapy were treated with once weekly cisplatin (40 mg/m2). Rates of acute toxicity were higher in patients treated with chemoradiation as compared with radiation treatment alone. Median PFS was longer for patients treated with radiation therapy alone as compared with chemotherapy and radiation (median PFS was not reached for RT v 73 months for chemoradiation, hazard ratio of 1.25 (95% CI, 0.75 to 2.07). At 3 years, 73% of patients treated definitively with radiation and 62% of patients treated with chemoradiation were alive and free of disease progression. CONCLUSION Excellent outcomes can be achieved for women with localized recurrences of endometrial cancer when treated with radiation therapy. The addition of chemotherapy does not improve PFS for patients treated with definitive radiation therapy for recurrent endometrial cancer and increases acute toxicity. Patients with low-grade and vaginal recurrences who constituted the majority of those enrolled are best treated with radiation therapy alone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ann H Klopp
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Danielle Enserro
- Clinical Trials Development Division, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY
| | - Matthew Powell
- Washington University School of Medicine, Obstetrics & Gynecology, St Louis, MO
| | - Marcus Randall
- University of Kentucky, Radiation Oncology, Lexington, KY
| | - Julian C Schink
- Cancer Treatment Centers of America, City of Hope, Gynecologic Oncology, Chicago, IL
| | | | - Laura Holman
- University of Oklahoma Health Sciences, Oklahoma City, OK
| | - David Bender
- University of Iowa Hospitals & Clinics, Iowa City, IA
| | | | - Floor Backes
- The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center and James Cancer Hospital, Columbus, OH
| | - Susan L Zweizig
- University of Massachusetts Memorial Health Care, Gynecologic Oncology, Worcester, MA
| | - Steven Waggoner
- Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Medical Oncology, Cleveland, OH
| | - Kristin A Bradley
- University of Wisconsin Hospital and Clinics, Radiation Oncology, Madison, WI
| | | | - Parviz Hanjani
- Abington Memorial Hospital, Gynecologic Oncology, Abington, PA
| | - Christopher J Darus
- Maine Medical Center, Gynecologic Oncology, Scarborough, ME
- Providence Gynecologic Oncology Program and Earle A Chiles Research Institute, Portland, OR
| | - William Small
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Stritch School of Medicine, Loyola University Chicago, Cardinal Bernardin Cancer Center, Chicago, IL
| | - Higinia R Cardenes
- New York-Presbyterian Hospital, Weill Cornell Medicine, Clinical Radiation Oncology, New York, NY
| | | | - David S Miller
- University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Gynecologic Oncology, Dallas, TX
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Erickson BK, Slomovitz B, Powell M, Eskander RN. Top advances of the year: Uterine cancer. Cancer 2024. [PMID: 38620054 DOI: 10.1002/cncr.35321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/17/2024]
Abstract
Endometrial cancer continues to be the only gynecologic malignancy with a rising incidence and mortality, with both regional and global implications. Combination carboplatin and paclitaxel has been the recognized chemotherapy backbone for the treatment of advanced-stage or recurrent disease, with modest clinical outcomes. Over the last year, significant advances were achieved in improving oncologic outcomes by capitalizing on the molecular characterization of this heterogenous disease. These advances include incorporation of immunotherapy, identification of effective hormonal approaches, the evolution of antibody drug conjugates, and utilization of alternate targeted therapies. PLAIN LANGUAGE SUMMARY: The molecular characterization of endometrial cancer has been critical in informing novel treatment strategies. Over the past year, significant gains have been made via the incorporation of immunotherapy, hormonal combinations as well as antibody drug conjugates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Britt K Erickson
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Women's Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | - Brian Slomovitz
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Mount Sinai Medical Center, Miami Beach, Florida, USA
| | - Matthew Powell
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Ramez N Eskander
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of California, San Diego Moores Cancer Center, La Jolla, California, USA
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3
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Rimel BJ, Enserro D, Bender DP, Jackson CG, Tan A, Alluri N, Borowsky M, Moroney J, Hendrickson AW, Backes F, Swisher E, Powell M, MacKay H. NRG-GY012: Randomized phase 2 study comparing olaparib, cediranib, and the combination of cediranib/olaparib in women with recurrent, persistent, or metastatic endometrial cancer. Cancer 2024; 130:1234-1245. [PMID: 38127487 DOI: 10.1002/cncr.35151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Revised: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE This paper reports the efficacy of the poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibitor olaparib alone and in combination with the antiangiogenesis agent cediranib compared with cediranib alone in patients with advanced endometrial cancer. METHODS This was open-label, randomized, phase 2 trial (NCT03660826). Eligible patients had recurrent endometrial cancer, received at least one (<3) prior lines of chemotherapy, and were Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status 0 to 2. Patients were randomly assigned (1:1:1), stratified by histology (serous vs. other) to receive cediranib alone (reference arm), olaparib, or olaparib and cediranib for 28-day cycles until progression or unacceptable toxicity. The primary end point was progression-free survival in the intention-to-treat population. Homologous repair deficiency was explored using the BROCA-GO sequencing panel. RESULTS A total of 120 patients were enrolled and all were included in the intention-to-treat analysis. Median age was 66 (range, 41-86) years and 47 (39.2%) had serous histology. Median progression-free survival for cediranib was 3.8 months compared with 2.0 months for olaparib (hazard ratio, 1.45 [95% CI, 0.91-2.3] p = .935) and 5.5 months for olaparib/cediranib (hazard ratio, 0.7 [95% CI, 0.43-1.14] p = .064). Four patients receiving the combination had a durable response lasting more than 20 months. The most common grade 3/4 toxicities were hypertension in the cediranib (36%) and olaparib/cediranib (33%) arms, fatigue (20.5% olaparib/cediranib), and diarrhea (17.9% cediranib). The BROCA-GO panel results were not associated with response. CONCLUSION The combination of cediranib and olaparib demonstrated modest clinical efficacy; however, the primary end point of the study was not met. The combination was safe without unexpected toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bobbie J Rimel
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Danielle Enserro
- Clinical Trials Development Division, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, New York, USA
| | - David P Bender
- University of Iowa Hospitals & Clinics, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| | - Camille Gunderson Jackson
- University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Mercy Hospital Gynecologic Oncology, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, USA
| | - Annie Tan
- Minnesota Oncology, Coon Rapids, Minnesota, USA
| | | | - Mark Borowsky
- Hackensack Meridian Health, Neptune, New Jersey, USA
| | - John Moroney
- University of Chicago Medicine, Schererville, Indiana, USA
| | | | - Floor Backes
- The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Ohio State Internal Medicine, Hilliard, Ohio, USA
| | | | - Matthew Powell
- Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Helen MacKay
- Division of Medical Oncology & Hematology, Sunnybrook Odette Cancer Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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Fredericksen RJ, Baker R, Sibley A, Estadt AT, Colston D, Mixson LS, Walters S, Bresett J, Levander XA, Leichtling G, Davy-Mendez T, Powell M, Stopka TJ, Pho M, Feinberg J, Ezell J, Zule W, Seal D, Cooper HLF, Whitney BM, Delaney JAC, Crane HM, Tsui JI. Motivation and context of concurrent stimulant and opioid use among persons who use drugs in the rural United States: a multi-site qualitative inquiry. Harm Reduct J 2024; 21:74. [PMID: 38561753 PMCID: PMC10985853 DOI: 10.1186/s12954-024-00986-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In recent years, stimulant use has increased among persons who use opioids in the rural U.S., leading to high rates of overdose and death. We sought to understand motivations and contexts for stimulant use among persons who use opioids in a large, geographically diverse sample of persons who use drugs (PWUD) in the rural settings. METHODS We conducted semi-structured individual interviews with PWUD at 8 U.S. sites spanning 10 states and 65 counties. Content areas included general substance use, injection drug use, changes in drug use, and harm reduction practices. We used an iterative open-coding process to comprehensively itemize and categorize content shared by participants related to concurrent use. RESULTS We interviewed 349 PWUD (64% male, mean age 36). Of those discussing current use of stimulants in the context of opioid use (n = 137, 39%), the stimulant most used was methamphetamine (78%) followed by cocaine/crack (26%). Motivations for co-use included: 1) change in drug markets and cost considerations; 2) recreational goals, e.g., seeking stronger effects after heightened opioid tolerance; 3) practical goals, such as a desire to balance or alleviate the effects of the other drug, including the use of stimulants to avoid/reverse opioid overdose, and/or control symptoms of opioid withdrawal; and 4) functional goals, such as being simultaneously energized and pain-free in order to remain productive for employment. CONCLUSION In a rural U.S. cohort of PWUD, use of both stimulants and opioids was highly prevalent. Reasons for dual use found in the rural context compared to urban studies included changes in drug availability, functional/productivity goals, and the use of methamphetamine to offset opioid overdose. Education efforts and harm reduction services and treatment, such as access to naloxone, fentanyl test strips, and accessible drug treatment for combined opioid and stimulant use, are urgently needed in the rural U.S. to reduce overdose and other adverse outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - R Baker
- Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, USA
| | - A Sibley
- University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, USA
| | - A T Estadt
- The Ohio State University, Colombus, USA
| | - D Colston
- University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, USA
| | | | | | - J Bresett
- Southern Illinois University School of Medicine, Springfield, USA
| | - X A Levander
- Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, USA
| | | | - T Davy-Mendez
- University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, USA
| | - M Powell
- University of Washington, Seattle, USA
| | - T J Stopka
- Tufts University School of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Community Medicine, Medford, USA
| | - M Pho
- University of Chicago, Chicago, USA
| | - J Feinberg
- West Virginia University, Morgantown, USA
| | - J Ezell
- Cornell University, Ithaca, USA
| | - W Zule
- University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, USA
| | - D Seal
- Tulane University, New Orleans, USA
| | | | | | | | - H M Crane
- University of Washington, Seattle, USA
| | - J I Tsui
- University of Washington, Seattle, USA
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Kamaraju S, Conroy M, Harris A, Georgen M, Min H, Powell M, Kurzrock R. Challenges to genetic testing for germline mutations associated with breast cancer among African Americans Authors. Cancer Treat Rev 2024; 124:102695. [PMID: 38325071 DOI: 10.1016/j.ctrv.2024.102695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2023] [Revised: 01/27/2024] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
Inequities in preventive cancer screening, diagnosis, treatment, and inferior cancer outcomes continue to pose challenges across the cancer continuum. While the exact reasons for these inferior outcomes are unknown, multiple barriers to various domains of social determinants of health (SDOH) play a vital role, leading to inequities in cancer care. These include barriers to transportation, housing, and food insecurities, contributing to delays in preventive screening and treatment. Furthermore, aggressive biologies also exist across various racial profiles with accompanying germline mutations. For example, African Americans (AAs) have a higher incidence of triple-negative breast cancer subtype and a high prevalence of BRCA1/2 gene mutations, increasing the risk of multiple cancers, warranting high-risk screening for these populations. Unfortunately, other barriers, such as financial insecurities, low health literacy rates, and lack of awareness, lead to delays in cancer screening and genetic testing, even with available high-risk screening and risk reduction procedures. In addition, physicians receive minimal interdisciplinary training to address genetic assessment, interpretation of the results, and almost no additional training in addressing the unique needs of racial minorities, leading to suboptimal delivery of genetic assessment provision resources among AAs. In this review, we discuss the confluence of factors and barriers limiting genetic testing among AAs and highlight the prevalence of germline mutations associated with increased risk of breast cancer among AAs, reflecting the need for multi-panel germline testing as well as education regarding hereditary cancer risks in underserved minorities.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Kamaraju
- Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA; Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology-Oncology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA; Froedtert Hospital, Milwaukee, WI, USA.
| | - M Conroy
- Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA; Froedtert Hospital, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - A Harris
- Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA; Froedtert Hospital, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - M Georgen
- Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA; Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology-Oncology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA; Froedtert Hospital, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - H Min
- Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA; Froedtert Hospital, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - M Powell
- Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA; Froedtert Hospital, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - R Kurzrock
- Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA; Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology-Oncology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA; Froedtert Hospital, Milwaukee, WI, USA
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6
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Kaufman RE, Vu A, Ufondu O, Powell M, Lanzer J, Terris MK. Late-presenting with a tumor-like mass giant cell reaction related to retropubic midurethral sling. Urol Case Rep 2023; 50:102468. [PMID: 37719190 PMCID: PMC10504477 DOI: 10.1016/j.eucr.2023.102468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Revised: 06/10/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 09/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Stress urinary incontinence (SUI) is a condition that most commonly affects aging women. Synthetic mid-urethral slings (MUS) have become the most common surgical treatment for SUI; however, complications such as mesh erosion and dyspareunia have been reported. This case report describes an 84-year-old female who presented with a tumor-like mass giant cell reaction surrounding the MUS and the management of this mass.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Amelia Vu
- Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, United States
| | - Obiora Ufondu
- Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, United States
- Department of Pathology, United States
| | - Matthew Powell
- Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, United States
- Department of Pathology, United States
| | - Jennifer Lanzer
- Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, United States
- Female Pelvic Medicine and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, United States
| | - Martha K. Terris
- Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, United States
- Department of Urology, United States
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7
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Orlovic M, Droney J, Vickerstaff V, Rosling J, Bearne A, Powell M, Riley J, McFarlane P, Koffman J, Stone P. Accuracy of clinical predictions of prognosis at the end-of-life: evidence from routinely collected data in urgent care records. BMC Palliat Care 2023; 22:51. [PMID: 37101274 PMCID: PMC10131555 DOI: 10.1186/s12904-023-01155-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 04/28/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The accuracy of prognostication has important implications for patients, families, and health services since it may be linked to clinical decision-making, patient experience and outcomes and resource allocation. Study aim is to evaluate the accuracy of temporal predictions of survival in patients with cancer, dementia, heart, or respiratory disease. METHODS Accuracy of clinical prediction was evaluated using retrospective, observational cohort study of 98,187 individuals with a Coordinate My Care record, the Electronic Palliative Care Coordination System serving London, 2010-2020. The survival times of patients were summarised using median and interquartile ranges. Kaplan Meier survival curves were created to describe and compare survival across prognostic categories and disease trajectories. The extent of agreement between estimated and actual prognosis was quantified using linear weighted Kappa statistic. RESULTS Overall, 3% were predicted to live "days"; 13% "weeks"; 28% "months"; and 56% "year/years". The agreement between estimated and actual prognosis using linear weighted Kappa statistic was highest for patients with dementia/frailty (0.75) and cancer (0.73). Clinicians' estimates were able to discriminate (log-rank p < 0.001) between groups of patients with differing survival prospects. Across all disease groups, the accuracy of survival estimates was high for patients who were likely to live for fewer than 14 days (74% accuracy) or for more than one year (83% accuracy), but less accurate at predicting survival of "weeks" or "months" (32% accuracy). CONCLUSION Clinicians are good at identifying individuals who will die imminently and those who will live for much longer. The accuracy of prognostication for these time frames differs across major disease categories, but remains acceptable even in non-cancer patients, including patients with dementia. Advance Care Planning and timely access to palliative care based on individual patient needs may be beneficial for those where there is significant prognostic uncertainty; those who are neither imminently dying nor expected to live for "years".
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Affiliation(s)
- M Orlovic
- Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, London, SW3 6JJ, United Kingdom
- Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - J Droney
- Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, London, SW3 6JJ, United Kingdom.
- Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom.
| | - V Vickerstaff
- Marie Curie Palliative Care Research Department, Division of Psychiatry, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - J Rosling
- Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, London, SW3 6JJ, United Kingdom
| | - A Bearne
- Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, London, SW3 6JJ, United Kingdom
| | - M Powell
- Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, London, SW3 6JJ, United Kingdom
| | - J Riley
- Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, London, SW3 6JJ, United Kingdom
- Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - P McFarlane
- Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, London, SW3 6JJ, United Kingdom
| | - J Koffman
- Hull York Medical School, Wolfson Palliative Care Research Centre, University of York, York, United Kingdom
| | - P Stone
- Marie Curie Palliative Care Research Department, Division of Psychiatry, University College London, London, United Kingdom
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8
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Li KP, Ajebo EM, Diamond D, Powell M, Belcher M. Primary vulvar melanoma in an adolescent patient. Pediatr Dermatol 2023. [PMID: 36949654 DOI: 10.1111/pde.15296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Accepted: 02/26/2023] [Indexed: 03/24/2023]
Abstract
Herein we describe the case of a Black adolescent who was found to have widely metastatic melanoma originating from a primary vulvar lesion. The lesion presented as a pink, vegetative nodule of the clitoral hood which grew in size over several years and was confirmed to be melanoma on shave biopsy. This patient's amelanotic presentation in conjunction with the rare incidence of vulvar melanoma contributed to the delay in diagnosis. This case exemplifies the challenge of early recognition of potentially malignant vulvar lesions for primary care providers in adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathy P Li
- Department of Dermatology, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia, USA
| | - Etsubdenk M Ajebo
- Department of Dermatology, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia, USA
| | - Davis Diamond
- Department of Dermatology, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia, USA
| | - Matthew Powell
- Department of Dermatology, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia, USA
- Department of Pathology, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia, USA
| | - Matthew Belcher
- Department of Dermatology, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia, USA
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9
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Thomson CA, Crane TE, Miller A, Gold MA, Powell M, Bixel K, Van Le L, DiSilvestro P, Ratner E, Lele S, Guntupalli S, Huh W, Robertson SE, Modesitt S, Casey AC, Basen-Engquist K, Skiba M, Walker J, Kachnic L, Alberts DS. Lifestyle intervention in ovarian cancer enhanced survival (LIVES) study (NRG/GOG0225): Recruitment, retention and baseline characteristics of a randomized trial of diet and physical activity in ovarian cancer survivors. Gynecol Oncol 2023; 170:11-18. [PMID: 36608382 PMCID: PMC10023359 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygyno.2022.12.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Revised: 12/16/2022] [Accepted: 12/26/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The Lifestyle Intervention for oVarian cancer Enhanced Survival (LIVES) is a national study of a combined diet and physical activity intervention for stage II-IV ovarian cancer survival, an under-represented cancer in lifestyle behavioral intervention research. Here, we present the data on recruitment, retention, and baseline demographic, clinical and lifestyle behavior characteristics of the LIVES study participants. METHODS The LIVES study (NRG Oncology/GOG 0225) is a Phase III diet plus physical activity intervention trial testing the hypothesis that ovarian cancer survivors in the lifestyle intervention will demonstrate better progression-free survival than those in the control condition. Study interventions were delivered via centralized telephone-based health coaching. Baseline descriptive statistics were computed for demographic, clinical, and lifestyle behavior characteristics. RESULTS The LIVES study exceeded its recruitment goals, enrolling 1205 ovarian cancer survivors from 195 NRG/NCORP-affiliated oncology practices across 49 states from 2012 to 2018. The mean age of enrollees was 59.6 years; the majority (69.4%) with stage III disease; 89% White, 5.5% Hispanic; 64% overweight/obese. Baseline self-reported diet showed a mean daily intake of 6.6 servings of fruit and vegetables, 62.7 fat grams, and 21.7 g of fiber. Physical activity averaged 13.0 MET-hours/week of moderate to vigorous physical activity; 50.9 h/week of sedentary time. Retention rates exceeded 88%. CONCLUSION The LIVES study demonstrates efficiency in recruiting and retaining ovarian cancer survivors in a 24-month study of diet and physical activity intervention with a primary endpoint of progression free survival that will be reported. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.govNCT00719303.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cynthia A Thomson
- Mel & Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA.
| | - Tracy E Crane
- Mel & Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA; Division of Medical Oncology, Miller School of Medicine, Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA.
| | - Austin Miller
- NRG Oncology, Clinical Trials Development Division, Biostatistics & Bioinformatics, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, USA.
| | - Michael A Gold
- Oklahoma Cancer Specialists and Research Institute, Tulsa, OK, USA.
| | - Matthew Powell
- Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA.
| | - Kristin Bixel
- Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center-James Cancer Hospital and Solove Research Institute, Columbus, OH, USA.
| | - Linda Van Le
- University of North Carolina School of Medicine, UNC Hospitals, 101 Manning Dr, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
| | | | - Elena Ratner
- Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.
| | | | - Saketh Guntupalli
- University of Colorado Cancer Center - Anschutz Cancer Pavilion, Aurora, CO, USA.
| | - Warner Huh
- University of Alabama at Birmingham Hospital, Birmingham, AL, USA.
| | | | - Susan Modesitt
- University of Virginia, Emily Couric Clinical Cancer Center, Charlottesville, VA, USA.
| | | | - Karen Basen-Engquist
- Professor of Behavioral Science, Director of the Center for Energy Balance in Cancer Prevention & Survivorship, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
| | - Meghan Skiba
- Mel & Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA.
| | - Joan Walker
- University of Oklahoma, Oklahoma City, OK, USA.
| | - Lisa Kachnic
- Columbia University, Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA.
| | - David S Alberts
- Medicine, Pharmacology, Public Health, Nutritional Sciences & BIO5, Emeritus, University of Arizona Cancer Center, Tucson, AZ, 85719, USA.
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10
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Wilson E, Stock E, Huang R, Buchanan T, Kotnik E, Mullen M, Khabele D, Kuroki L, Fuh K, McCourt C, Thaker P, Massad LS, Mutch D, Powell M, Hagemann A. Germline and somatic genetic testing trends among women with epithelial ovarian cancer (197). Gynecol Oncol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/s0090-8258(22)01424-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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11
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Wilson E, Stock E, Huang R, Buchanan T, Kotnik E, Mullen M, Khabele D, Kuroki L, Fuh K, McCourt C, Thaker P, Massad LS, Mutch D, Powell M, Hagemann A. Comparison of three testing strategies for germline genetic testing for homologous recombination deficiency mutations in women with epithelial ovarian cancer (198). Gynecol Oncol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/s0090-8258(22)01425-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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12
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Bruce S, Blachut B, Tunnage I, Mintz R, Liebendorfer A, Joshi T, Cummings M, Stasenko M, Shahin M, Hagemann I, Mullen M, Kuroki L, Hagemann A, Fuh K, McCourt C, Thaker P, Khabele D, Mutch D, Powell M. Effect of sentinel lymph node isolated tumor cells on recurrence free survival in patients with mismatch repair proficient vs. deficient stage I/II endometrioid endometrial adenocarcinoma (173). Gynecol Oncol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/s0090-8258(22)01400-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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13
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Grither W, Baker B, Hagemann A, Khabele D, Kuroki L, McCourt C, Mutch D, Powell M, Thaker P, Fuh K, Longmore G. ROR2 can function independent of tyrosine kinase activity to promote ovarian cancer metastasis (264). Gynecol Oncol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/s0090-8258(22)01485-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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14
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Nolin A, Tian C, Hamilton C, Chan J, Casablanca Y, Powell M, Shriver C, Bateman N, Conrads T, Maxwell G, Darcy K. Tools for survivorship care planning in uterine serous carcinoma (497). Gynecol Oncol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/s0090-8258(22)01719-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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15
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Stock E, Lomonosova E, Noia H, Bruce S, Grither W, Mullen M, Khabele D, Kuroki L, Hagemann A, McCourt C, Thaker P, Mutch D, Powell M, Patti G, Longmore G, Fuh K. Pharmacologic inhibition of discoidin domain Receptor 2 (DDR2) sensitizes homologous recombination proficient ovarian cancer models to treatment with olaparib (245). Gynecol Oncol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/s0090-8258(22)01468-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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16
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Blachut B, Vanderlan J, Tippey A, Mazul A, Liebendorfer A, Qureshi R, Hagemann A, Thaker P, Fuh K, McCourt C, Massad LS, Mutch D, Powell M, Khabele D, Kuroki L. Socioeconomic disparities in distress and coping in gynecologic oncology patients (568). Gynecol Oncol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/s0090-8258(22)01789-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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17
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Wilhite AM, Baca Y, Xiu J, Paladugu R, ElNaggar AC, Brown J, Winer IS, Morris R, Erickson BK, Olawaiye AB, Powell M, Korn WM, Rocconi RP, Khabele D, Jones NL. Molecular profiles of endometrial cancer tumors among Black patients. Gynecol Oncol 2022; 166:108-116. [PMID: 35490034 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygyno.2022.04.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2021] [Revised: 04/14/2022] [Accepted: 04/17/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Disparate outcomes exist between Black and White patients with endometrial cancer (EC). One contributing factor is the disproportionately low representation of Black patients in clinical trials and in tumor molecular profiling studies. Our objective was to investigate molecular profiles of ECs in a cohort with a high proportion of tumors from Black patients. METHODS A total of 248 EC samples and self-reported race data were collected from 6 institutions. Comprehensive tumor profiling and analyses were performed by Caris Life Sciences. RESULTS Tumors from 105 (42%) Black and 143 (58%) White patients were included. Serous histology (58% vs 36%) and carcinosarcoma (25% vs 16%), was more common among Black patients, and endometrioid was less common (17% vs 48%) (p < 0.01). Differences in gene mutations between cohorts corresponded to observed histologic differences between races. Specifically, TP53 mutations were predominant in serous tumors. In endometrioid tumors, mutations in ARID1A were the most common, and high rates of MSI-H, MMRd, and TMB-H were observed. In carcinosarcoma tumors, hormone receptor expression was high in tumors of Black patients (PR 23.4%, ER 30.8%). When stratified by histology, there were no significant differences between tumors from Black and White women. CONCLUSIONS This cohort had a high proportion of tumors from Black women. Distinct molecular profiles were driven primarily by more aggressive histologic subtypes among Black women. Continued effort is needed to include Black women and other populations under-represented in EC molecular profiling studies as targeted therapies and personalized medicine become mainstream.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annelise M Wilhite
- Mitchell Cancer Institute, University of South Alabama, Division of Gynecologic Oncology Mobile, AL, United States of America.
| | - Yasmine Baca
- Caris Life Sciences, Pheonix, AZ, United States of America
| | - Joanne Xiu
- Caris Life Sciences, Pheonix, AZ, United States of America
| | - Rajesh Paladugu
- Mitchell Cancer Institute, University of South Alabama, Division of Gynecologic Oncology Mobile, AL, United States of America
| | - Adam C ElNaggar
- West Cancer Center and Research Institute, Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Memphis, TN, United States of America
| | - Jubilee Brown
- Atrium Health, Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Charlotte, NC, United States of America
| | - Ira S Winer
- Wayne State University and Karmanos Cancer Institute, Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Detroit, MI, United States of America
| | - Robert Morris
- Wayne State University and Karmanos Cancer Institute, Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Detroit, MI, United States of America
| | - Britt K Erickson
- University of Minnesota, Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Minneapolis, MN, United States of America
| | - Alexander B Olawaiye
- Magee-Womens Hospital, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Pittsburgh, PA, United States of America
| | - Matthew Powell
- University of Alabama at Birmingham, Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Birmingham, AL, United States of America
| | - W Michael Korn
- Caris Life Sciences, Pheonix, AZ, United States of America
| | - Rodney P Rocconi
- University of Alabama at Birmingham, Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Birmingham, AL, United States of America
| | - Dineo Khabele
- Washington University, Division of Gynecologic Oncology, St. Louis, MO, United States of America
| | - Nathaniel L Jones
- Mitchell Cancer Institute, University of South Alabama, Division of Gynecologic Oncology Mobile, AL, United States of America
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18
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Schiff JP, Mintz R, Cohen AC, Huang Y, Thaker P, Massad LS, Powell M, Mutch D, Schwarz JK, Markovina ST, Grigsby PW. Overall survival in patients with FIGO stage IVA cervical cancer. Gynecol Oncol 2022; 166:292-299. [PMID: 35691754 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygyno.2022.05.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2022] [Revised: 05/17/2022] [Accepted: 05/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE FIGO stage IVA cervical cancer is a unique diagnosis that conveys a poor prognosis. Despite the use of PET/CT for staging, concurrent chemotherapy, and image-guided brachytherapy, overall survival (OS) in these patients is low. Treatment requires aggressive use of radiotherapy and chemotherapy. We report results of a prospective observational cohort study for patients with de novo stage IVA cervical cancer treated at a single institution. METHODS Patients with a new diagnosis of stage IVA cervical cancer treated at an academic institution between 1997 and 2020 were prospectively monitored. Staging was retroactively assigned using the 2018 FIGO staging system. All patients had a PET/CT prior to treatment and were treated with definitive intent radiotherapy with or without chemotherapy. The primary outcome of interest was OS. Secondary outcomes were local control, progression-free survival (PFS), and disease-specific survival (DSS). RESULTS 32 patients with de novo stage IVA cervical cancer were treated with definitive intent radiotherapy. Median follow-up time was 4.27 years (1.31-10.35). 22/32 (69%) of patients received brachytherapy as a part of their definitive treatment, and 28/32 (88%) received chemotherapy concurrently with radiotherapy. 14/32 (44%) of patients had no evidence of disease at last follow-up. The 5-year local control, PFS, DFS, and OS estimates were 79%, 49%, 53%, and 48%, respectively. On multivariate analysis, complete metabolic response was associated with a statistically significant improvement in PFS (HR = 0.256, 95% CI = 0.078-0.836, p = 0.024) and OS (HR = 0.273, 95% CI 0.081-0.919). CONCLUSIONS These data demonstrate a robust OS in patients with stage IVA cervical cancer when treated with definitive chemoradiotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua P Schiff
- Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, Department of Radiation Oncology, 4921 Parkview Place, Campus Box 8224, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA.
| | - Rachel Mintz
- Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, Department of Radiation Oncology, 4921 Parkview Place, Campus Box 8224, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA.
| | - Alexander C Cohen
- Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Gynecologic Oncology, 4901 Forest Park Ave Suite 710, St. Louis, MO 63108, USA.
| | - Yi Huang
- Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, Department of Radiation Oncology, 4921 Parkview Place, Campus Box 8224, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA.
| | - Premal Thaker
- Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Gynecologic Oncology, 4901 Forest Park Ave Suite 710, St. Louis, MO 63108, USA.
| | - Leslie S Massad
- Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Gynecologic Oncology, 4901 Forest Park Ave Suite 710, St. Louis, MO 63108, USA.
| | - Matthew Powell
- Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Gynecologic Oncology, 4901 Forest Park Ave Suite 710, St. Louis, MO 63108, USA.
| | - David Mutch
- Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Gynecologic Oncology, 4901 Forest Park Ave Suite 710, St. Louis, MO 63108, USA.
| | - Julie K Schwarz
- Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, Department of Radiation Oncology, 4921 Parkview Place, Campus Box 8224, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA.
| | - Stephanie T Markovina
- Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, Department of Radiation Oncology, 4921 Parkview Place, Campus Box 8224, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA.
| | - Perry W Grigsby
- Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, Department of Radiation Oncology, 4921 Parkview Place, Campus Box 8224, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA.
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19
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Yahne DR, Pereira D, Jaubert LDC, Sanjeewa LD, Powell M, Kolis JW, Xu G, Enjalran M, Gingras MJP, Ross KA. Understanding Reentrance in Frustrated Magnets: The Case of the Er_{2}Sn_{2}O_{7} Pyrochlore. Phys Rev Lett 2021; 127:277206. [PMID: 35061439 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.127.277206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2021] [Accepted: 11/11/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Reentrance, the return of a system from an ordered phase to a previously encountered less-ordered one as a controlled parameter is continuously varied, is a recurring theme found in disparate physical systems, yet its microscopic cause is often not investigated thoroughly. Here, through detailed characterization and theoretical modeling, we uncover the microscopic mechanism behind reentrance in the strongly frustrated pyrochlore antiferromagnet Er_{2}Sn_{2}O_{7}. We use single crystal heat capacity measurements to expose that Er_{2}Sn_{2}O_{7} exhibits multiple instances of reentrance in its magnetic field B vs temperature T phase diagram for magnetic fields along three cubic high symmetry directions. Through classical Monte Carlo simulations, mean field theory, and classical linear spin-wave expansions, we argue that the origins of the multiple occurrences of reentrance observed in Er_{2}Sn_{2}O_{7} are linked to soft modes. These soft modes arise from phase competition and enhance thermal fluctuations that entropically stabilize a specific ordered phase, resulting in an increased transition temperature for certain field values and thus the reentrant behavior. Our work represents a detailed examination into the mechanisms responsible for reentrance in a frustrated magnet and may serve as a template for the interpretation of reentrant phenomena in other physical systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- D R Yahne
- Department of Physics, Colorado State University, 200 W. Lake Street, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523-1875, USA
| | - D Pereira
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - L D C Jaubert
- CNRS, Université de Bordeaux, LOMA, UMR 5798, 33400 Talence, France
| | - L D Sanjeewa
- Missouri Research Reactor, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri 65211, USA
- Department of Chemistry, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri 65211, USA
| | - M Powell
- Department of Chemistry, Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina 29634-0973, USA
| | - J W Kolis
- Department of Chemistry, Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina 29634-0973, USA
| | - Guangyong Xu
- NIST Center for Neutron Research, National Institutue of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, USA
| | - M Enjalran
- Department of Physics, Southern Connecticut State University, 501 Crescent Street, New Haven, Connecticut 06515-1355, USA
| | - M J P Gingras
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada
- CIFAR, MaRS Centre, West Tower 661 University Avenue, Suite 505, Toronto, Ontario M5G 1M1, Canada
| | - K A Ross
- Department of Physics, Colorado State University, 200 W. Lake Street, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523-1875, USA
- CIFAR, MaRS Centre, West Tower 661 University Avenue, Suite 505, Toronto, Ontario M5G 1M1, Canada
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20
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Khaw P, Do V, Lim K, Cunninghame J, Dixon J, Vassie J, Bailey M, Johnson C, Kahl K, Gordon C, Cook O, Foo K, Fyles A, Powell M, Haie-Meder C, D'Amico R, Bessette P, Mileshkin L, Creutzberg CL, Moore A. Radiotherapy Quality Assurance in the PORTEC-3 (TROG 08.04) Trial. Clin Oncol (R Coll Radiol) 2021; 34:198-204. [PMID: 34903431 DOI: 10.1016/j.clon.2021.11.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2021] [Revised: 10/09/2021] [Accepted: 11/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Quality assurance in radiotherapy (QART) is essential to ensure the scientific integrity of a clinical trial. This paper reports the findings of the retrospective QART assessment for all centres that participated in PORTEC-3; a randomised controlled trial that compared pelvic radiotherapy with concurrent chemoradiotherapy to the pelvis followed by adjuvant chemotherapy. The trial showed an overall survival benefit for the addition of the chemotherapy in the management of women with high-risk endometrial cancer. MATERIALS AND METHODS Clinicians were invited to upload a randomly selected case/s treated at each of the participating sites. Panel reviewers analysed the contours to certify that the target volumes and organ at risk structures were contoured according to guidelines. The results were categorised into acceptable, minor variation, major variation or unevaluable. The radiotherapy plans were dosimetrically evaluated using the well-established Trans-Tasman Radiation Oncology Group (TROG) protocol. RESULTS Between August 2010 and January 2018, data from 146 patients of 686 consecutively treated patients were retrospectively reviewed. All 16 Australia and New Zealand and 71 of 77 international centres uploaded data for evaluation. In total, 3514 dosimetric and contour variables were reviewed. Of these, 3136 variables were deemed acceptable (89.2%), with 335 minor (9.6%) and 43 major variations (1.2%). Major contour variations included the clinical target volume vaginal vault, clinical target volume parametria and differential planning target volume vault expansion. CONCLUSION The results of the QART assessment confirmed high uniformity and low rates of both minor and major deviations in contouring and dosimetry in all sites. This supports the safe introduction of the PORTEC-3 treatment protocol into routine clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Khaw
- Division of Radiation Oncology, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
| | - V Do
- Liverpool Cancer Therapy Centre, Liverpool, New South Wales, Australia; South Western Sydney Clinical School, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - K Lim
- Liverpool Cancer Therapy Centre, Liverpool, New South Wales, Australia; South Western Sydney Clinical School, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - J Cunninghame
- Division of Radiation Oncology, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - J Dixon
- Illawarra Cancer Care Centre, Wollongong, New South Wales, Australia
| | - J Vassie
- Division of Radiation Oncology, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - M Bailey
- Illawarra Cancer Care Centre, Wollongong, New South Wales, Australia
| | - C Johnson
- Blood & Cancer Centre, Wellington Hospital, Wellington, New Zealand
| | - K Kahl
- Shoalhaven Cancer Care Centre, Nowra, New South Wales, Australia
| | - C Gordon
- Illawarra Cancer Care Centre, Wollongong, New South Wales, Australia
| | - O Cook
- Trans-Tasman Radiation Oncology Group (TROG), Waratah, New South Wales, Australia
| | - K Foo
- Institute of Medical Physics, School of Physics, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - A Fyles
- Canadian Cancer Trials Group, Radiation Medicine Program, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - M Powell
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Barts Health NHS Trust, London, UK
| | - C Haie-Meder
- Department of Radiotherapy, Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
| | - R D'Amico
- Division of Radiation Oncology, ASST-Lecco, Ospedale A. Manzoni, Lecco, Italy
| | - P Bessette
- Gynaecologic Oncology, University of Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada
| | - L Mileshkin
- Division of Cancer Medicine, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - C L Creutzberg
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - A Moore
- Trans-Tasman Radiation Oncology Group (TROG), Waratah, New South Wales, Australia
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21
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Morton M, Omar N, Madi R, Terris M, Powell M. Collision metastasis: Renal cell carcinoma and prostatic adenocarcinoma to a retroperitoneal lymph node. Urol Case Rep 2021; 40:101884. [PMID: 34712581 PMCID: PMC8531555 DOI: 10.1016/j.eucr.2021.101884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2021] [Accepted: 10/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Prostatic adenocarcinoma and renal cell carcinoma (RCC) can coexist. However, the incidence of collision metastasis of both prostatic adenocarcinoma and RCC is a rare phenomenon. A 50-year-old non-smoker male with end stage renal disease and a history of prostate adenocarcinoma was noted to have a left renal mass in the upper pole during CT surveillance. With the use of immunohistochemical stains the collision of two distinct malignancies from two different topographical regions was elucidated in a retroperitoneal lymph node. We report the second known case of collision metastasis of RCC and prostatic adenocarcinoma to a retroperitoneal lymph node. Collision metastasis of renal cell carcinoma and prostatic adenocarcinoma is rare. It is important to keep a high index of suspicion for collision metastasis. Immunohistochemistry can confirm collision metastasis of a suspicious lymph node.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nivin Omar
- Department of Pathology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Rabii Madi
- Division of Urology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
- Georgia Cancer Center, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Martha Terris
- Division of Urology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
- Georgia Cancer Center, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Matthew Powell
- Department of Pathology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
- Corresponding author.
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22
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Lowder LL, Powell M, Miller SE, Kishton RJ, Kelly CB, Cribb CB, Mastro-Kishton K, Chelvanambi M, Do PT, Govindapur RR, Wardell SE, McDonnell DP, Bartolotti LJ, Akkaraju GR, Frampton AR, Varadarajan S. Mechanistic Investigation of Site-specific DNA Methylating Agents Targeting Breast Cancer Cells. J Med Chem 2021; 64:12651-12669. [PMID: 34415160 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.1c00615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
We previously described the development of a DNA-alkylating compound that showed selective toxicity in breast cancer cells. This compound contained an estrogen receptor α (ERα)-binding ligand and a DNA-binding/methylating component that could selectively methylate the N3-position of adenines at adenine-thymine rich regions of DNA. Herein, we describe mechanistic investigations that demonstrate that this class of compounds facilitate the translocation of the ERα-compound complex to the nucleus and induce the expression of ERα target genes. We confirm that the compounds show selective toxicity in ERα-expressing cells, induce ERα localization in the nucleus, and verify the essential role of ERα in modulating the toxicity. Minor alterations in the compound structure significantly affects the DNA binding ability, which correlates to the DNA-methylating ability. These studies demonstrate the utility of DNA-alkylating compounds to accomplish targeted inhibition of the growth of specific cancer cells; an approach that may overcome shortcomings of currently used chemotherapy agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leah L Lowder
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of North Carolina Wilmington, Wilmington, North Carolina 28403, United States
| | - Matthew Powell
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of North Carolina Wilmington, Wilmington, North Carolina 28403, United States
| | - Sean E Miller
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of North Carolina Wilmington, Wilmington, North Carolina 28403, United States
| | - Rigel J Kishton
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of North Carolina Wilmington, Wilmington, North Carolina 28403, United States
| | - Charles B Kelly
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of North Carolina Wilmington, Wilmington, North Carolina 28403, United States
| | - Connor B Cribb
- Department of Biology and Marine Biology, University of North Carolina Wilmington, Wilmington, North Carolina 28403, United States
| | - Kelly Mastro-Kishton
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of North Carolina Wilmington, Wilmington, North Carolina 28403, United States
| | - Manoj Chelvanambi
- Department of Biology, Texas Christian University, Fort Worth, Texas 76129, United States
| | - Phat T Do
- Department of Biology, Texas Christian University, Fort Worth, Texas 76129, United States
| | - Rajeshwar Reddy Govindapur
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of North Carolina Wilmington, Wilmington, North Carolina 28403, United States
| | - Suzanne E Wardell
- Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina 27710, United States
| | - Donald P McDonnell
- Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina 27710, United States
| | - Libero J Bartolotti
- Department of Chemistry, East Carolina University, Greenville, North Carolina 27858, United States
| | - Giridhar R Akkaraju
- Department of Biology, Texas Christian University, Fort Worth, Texas 76129, United States
| | - Arthur R Frampton
- Department of Biology and Marine Biology, University of North Carolina Wilmington, Wilmington, North Carolina 28403, United States
| | - Sridhar Varadarajan
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of North Carolina Wilmington, Wilmington, North Carolina 28403, United States
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23
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Powell M. Nutrition Empowerment Score as Reliable Measurement of Self-Efficacy in a Community-Based Hands-On Nutrition Education Class. J Acad Nutr Diet 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jand.2021.06.259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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24
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Mirza M, Coleman R, Hanker L, Slomovitz B, Valabrega G, DeMars L, Walker M, Duan T, Powell M. 820TiP ENGOT-EN6/GOG-3031/NSGO-CTU-RUBY part 2: A phase III, randomized, double-blind, study of dostarlimab + carboplatin-paclitaxel followed by dostarlimab + niraparib versus placebo (PBO) + carboplatin-paclitaxel followed by PBO in recurrent or advanced endometrial cancer (EC). Ann Oncol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2021.08.1262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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25
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Henke LE, Stanley JA, Robinson C, Srivastava A, Contreras JA, Curcuru A, Green OL, Massad LS, Kuroki L, Fuh K, Hagemann A, Mutch D, McCourt C, Thaker P, Powell M, Markovina S, Grigsby PW, Schwarz JK, Chundury A. Phase I Trial of Stereotactic MRI-Guided Online Adaptive Radiation Therapy (SMART) for the Treatment of Oligometastatic Ovarian Cancer. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2021; 112:379-389. [PMID: 34474109 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2021.08.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2021] [Revised: 07/18/2021] [Accepted: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Stereotactic body radiation therapy is increasingly used to treat a variety of oligometastatic histologies, but few data exist for ovarian cancer. Ablative stereotactic body radiation therapy dosing is challenging in sites like the abdomen, pelvis, and central thorax due to proximity and motion of organs at risk. A novel radiation delivery method, stereotactic magnetic-resonance-guided online-adaptive radiation therapy (SMART), may improve the therapeutic index of stereotactic body radiation therapy through enhanced soft-tissue visualization, real-time nonionizing imaging, and ability to adapt to the anatomy-of-the-day, with the goal of producing systemic-therapy-free intervals. This phase I trial assessed feasibility, safety, and dosimetric advantage of SMART to treat ovarian oligometastases. METHODS AND MATERIALS Ten patients with recurrent oligometastatic ovarian cancer underwent SMART for oligometastasis ablation. Initial plans prescribed 35 Gy/5 fractions with goal 95% planning target volume coverage by 95% of prescription, with dose escalation permitted, subject to strict organ-at-risk dose constraints. Daily adaptive planning was used to protect organs-at-risk and/or increase target dose. Feasibility (successful delivery of >80% of fractions in the first on-table attempt) and safety of this approach was evaluated, in addition to efficacy, survival metrics, quality-of-life, prospective timing and dosimetric outcomes. RESULTS Ten women with seventeen ovarian oligometastases were treated with SMART, and 100% of treatment fractions were successfully delivered. Online adaptive plans were selected at time of treatment for 58% of fractions, due to initial plan violation of organs-at-risk constraints (84% of adapted fractions) or observed opportunity for planning target volume dose escalation (16% of adapted fractions), with a median on-table time of 64 minutes. A single Grade ≥3 acute (within 6 months of SMART) treatment-related toxicity (duodenal ulcer) was observed. Local control at 3 months was 94%; median progression-free survival was 10.9 months. Median Kaplan-Meier estimated systemic-therapy-free survival after radiation completion was 11.5 months, with concomitant quality-of-life improvements. CONCLUSIONS SMART is feasible and safe for high-dose radiation therapy ablation of ovarian oligometastases of the abdomen, pelvis, and central thorax with minimal toxicity, high rates of local control, and prolonged systemic-therapy-free survival translating into improved quality-of-life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren E Henke
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri
| | - Jennifer A Stanley
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri
| | - Clifford Robinson
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri.
| | - Amar Srivastava
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri
| | - Jessika A Contreras
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri
| | - Austen Curcuru
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri
| | - Olga L Green
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri
| | - L Stewart Massad
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri
| | - Lindsay Kuroki
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri
| | - Katherine Fuh
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri
| | - Andrea Hagemann
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri
| | - David Mutch
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri
| | - Carolyn McCourt
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri
| | - Premal Thaker
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri
| | - Matthew Powell
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri
| | - Stephanie Markovina
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri
| | - Perry W Grigsby
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri
| | - Julie K Schwarz
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri
| | - Anupama Chundury
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, New Jersey
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Abstract
Targeted protein degradation aims to hijack endogenous protein quality control systems to achieve direct knockdown of protein targets. This exciting technology utilizes event-based pharmacology to produce therapeutic outcomes, a feature that distinguishes it from classical occupancy-based inhibitor agents. Early degrader candidates display resilience to mutations while possessing potent nanomolar activity and high target specificity. Paired with the rapid advancement of our knowledge in the factors driving targeted degradation, the expansion of this style of therapeutic agent to a range of disease indications is eagerly awaited. In particular, the area of antibiotic discovery is sorely lacking in novel approaches, with the Antimicrobial Resistance (AMR) crisis looming as the next potential global health calamity. Here, the current advances in targeted protein degradation are highlighted, and potential approaches for designing novel antimicrobial protein degraders are proposed, ranging from adaptations of current strategies to completely novel approaches to targeted protein degradation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew Powell
- Centre for Superbug Solutions, Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Mark A. T. Blaskovich
- Centre for Superbug Solutions, Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Karl A. Hansford
- Centre for Superbug Solutions, Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
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Tankou J, Toboni M, Kuroki L, McCourt C, Hagemann A, Thaker P, Powell M, Khabele D, Mutch D, Fuh K. Inhibition of GAS6/AXL improves efficacy of HER2 inhibitor trastuzumab in uterine serous cancer. Gynecol Oncol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/s0090-8258(21)01008-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Winkler S, Tian C, Casablanca Y, Bateman N, Cote M, O'Connor T, Chan J, Liao CI, Jones N, Rocconi R, Powell M, Shriver C, Conrads T, Maxwell G, Darcy K. Histologic disparities in uterine cancer diagnosis by race/ethnicity and country of origin. Gynecol Oncol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/s0090-8258(21)00966-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Buckley E, Mullen M, Kuroki L, Nizamuddin R, Stein J, Fuh K, Hagemann A, McCourt C, Mutch D, Khabele D, Powell M, Ippolito J, Thaker P. High visceral fat to subcutaneous fat adiposity ratios portend a poor prognosis in patients with endometrial cancer. Gynecol Oncol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/s0090-8258(21)00965-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Johns E, Kuroki L, Toboni M, Stanley J, Zhang F, Schwarz J, Hagemann A, Thaker P, Powell M, Mutch D, McCourt C, Khabele D. Radiation therapy for vaginal and perirectal lesions in recurrent ovarian cancer. Gynecol Oncol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/s0090-8258(21)01131-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Fuh K, Lomonosova E, Hagemann A, McCourt C, Powell M, Fantl W, Thaker P. Multi-dimensional biomarker analyses identify pembrolizumab responders in advanced-stage, high-grade endometrial cancer. Gynecol Oncol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/s0090-8258(21)01048-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Mullen M, Lomonosova E, Toboni M, Oplt A, Cybulla E, Blachut B, Noia H, Wilke D, Rankin E, Kuroki L, Hagemann A, Hagemann I, McCourt C, Thaker P, Mutch D, Powell M, Vindigni A, Fuh K. GAS6 inhibition induces platinum sensitivity through increased replication stress in ovarian cancer. Gynecol Oncol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/s0090-8258(21)00720-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Stock E, Schab A, Oplt A, Noia H, Lomonosova E, Bruce S, Khabele D, Kuroki L, Hagemann A, McCourt C, Thaker P, Mutch D, Powell M, Fuh K. Increasing sensitivity to olaparib through inhibition of discoidin domain receptor 2 (DDR2) in homologous-recombination proficient ovarian cancer models. Gynecol Oncol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/s0090-8258(21)00729-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Wallbillich J, Wu S, Xiu J, Ali-Fehmi R, Rubinsak L, Korn WM, Jones N, Herzog T, Holloway R, Powell M, Thaker P, Brown J, Poorman K, Winer I. Transcriptomic immune profiling: a precision path forward for immunotherapy in patients with cervical cancer? Gynecol Oncol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/s0090-8258(21)00673-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Grither W, Baker B, Hagemann A, Khabele D, Kuroki L, Mutch D, Powell M, Thaker P, Longmore G, Fuh K. Silencing ROR2 inhibits metastatic behavior of ovarian cancer cells. Gynecol Oncol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/s0090-8258(21)01171-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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36
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Bruce S, Cho K, Lomonosova E, Noia H, Stock E, Khabele D, Kuroki L, Hagemann A, McCourt C, Thaker P, Mutch D, Powell M, Patti G, Fuh K. AVB-500, a selective inhibitor of GAS6-AXL, in combination with paclitaxel alters uterine serous cancer cell metabolism. Gynecol Oncol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/s0090-8258(21)00826-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Grither W, Morikis V, Baker B, Hagemann A, Khabele D, Kuroki L, Mutch D, Powell M, Thaker P, Fuh K, Longmore G. Wnt5a influences the directional displacement of ovarian cancer cells. Gynecol Oncol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/s0090-8258(21)01289-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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38
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Nguyen A, Tian C, Bateman N, Cote M, O'Connor T, Chan J, Jones N, Rocconi R, Powell M, Casablanca Y, Shriver C, Conrads T, Maxwell GL, Darcy K. The impact of race on high-risk types of uterine cancer is modified in non-Hispanic Black and non-Hispanic White women with multiple malignancies. Gynecol Oncol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/s0090-8258(21)01216-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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39
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Zamorano A, Wilson E, Liu J, Kuroki L, Thaker P, McCourt C, Fuh K, Powell M, Mutch D, Khabele D, Colditz G, Hagemann A. Low quality of life and activity levels persist in obese endometrial cancer survivors despite participation in a behavioral weight loss intervention. Gynecol Oncol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/s0090-8258(21)01032-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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40
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Wortman B, Post C, Powell M, Khaw P, Fyles A, D’Amico R, Haie-Meder C, Jurgenliemk-Schulz I, McCormack M, Do V, Katsaros D, Bessette P, Baron M, Nout R, Whitmarsh K, Mileshkin L, Lutgens L, Kitchener H, Brooks S, Nijman H, Astreinidou E, Putter H, Creutzberg C, de Boer S. OC-0298 Toxicity and patient-reported symptoms after 3D-conformal or intensity-modulated pelvic radiotherapy. Radiother Oncol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(21)06845-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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41
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Kuroki L, Morris D, Greenwade M, Landon M, Hagemann A, Thaker P, Massad LS, McCourt C, Fuh K, Powell M, Mutch D, Khabele D, Vanderlan J. Gynecologic oncology patients who are unemployed and underinsured face high distress that extends beyond financial toxicity. Gynecol Oncol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/s0090-8258(21)00962-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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42
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Brooks C, Powell M, Sibtain A. PO-0974 Comparing delineation techniques in radiotherapy of node positive head and neck squamous cell cancer. Radiother Oncol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(21)07425-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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43
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Gill MJ, Powell M, Vu Q, Krentz HB. Economic impact on direct healthcare costs of missing opportunities for diagnosing HIV within healthcare settings. HIV Med 2021; 22:723-731. [PMID: 33979022 DOI: 10.1111/hiv.13121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2021] [Revised: 04/03/2021] [Accepted: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The economic consequences of a missed opportunity for HIV testing at an earlier stage of infection within a healthcare setting are poorly described. METHODS For all newly diagnosed HIV patients followed at the Southern Alberta HIV/AIDS Clinic (SAC), Calgary, Canada, between 1 April 2011 and 1 April 2016, all clinical encounters occurring < 3 years prior to diagnosis within the region were obtained. The direct costs of HIV care after diagnosis to 31 March 2019 were determined from a payers' perspective and reported as mean cost per patient per month (PPPM) in 2019 Canadian dollars (CDN$). Patients with no encounters for 3 years prior to diagnosis were compared with patients with encounters, with special attention to patients with HIV clinical indicator conditions (HCICs). RESULTS Of 388 patients, 60% had one or more prior encounter without HIV testing; 14% had been treated for an HCIC. Females, older patients and heterosexuals were more likely to have prior encounters. At diagnosis, patients with previous encounters presented with lower CD4 counts and higher rates of AIDS. The mean PPPM costs for patients with any prior encounter or for an HCIC-based encounter were 16% and 33% higher, respectively, than for patients with no prior encounters. While mean PPPM costs for antiretroviral drugs and outpatient visits were slightly higher, in-patient costs were 10 times higher for people with HIV who had a previous HCIC encounter vs. those with no encounters (CDN$316 vs. $31, respectively). CONCLUSIONS Any healthcare visit, especially for an HCIC, represents relatively easy opportunities for HIV testing. Not testing can result in poorer health and higher costs. Targeted clinical testing and novel interventions to correct overlooked testing opportunities within healthcare settings may be an easy way to implement cost savings.
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Affiliation(s)
- M J Gill
- Southern Alberta Clinic, Calgary, AB, Canada.,Department of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - M Powell
- Southern Alberta Clinic, Calgary, AB, Canada.,Department of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Q Vu
- Southern Alberta Clinic, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - H B Krentz
- Southern Alberta Clinic, Calgary, AB, Canada.,Department of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
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44
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Amidi E, Yang G, Uddin KMS, Luo H, Middleton W, Powell M, Siegel C, Zhu Q. Role of blood oxygenation saturation in ovarian cancer diagnosis using multi-spectral photoacoustic tomography. J Biophotonics 2021; 14:e202000368. [PMID: 33377620 PMCID: PMC8044001 DOI: 10.1002/jbio.202000368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2020] [Revised: 12/18/2020] [Accepted: 12/19/2020] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
In photoacoustic tomography (PAT), a tunable laser typically illuminates the tissue at multiple wavelengths, and the received photoacoustic waves are used to form functional images of relative total haemoglobin (rHbT) and blood oxygenation saturation (%sO2 ). Due to measurement errors, the estimation of these parameters can be challenging, especially in clinical studies. In this study, we use a multi-pixel method to smooth the measurements before calculating rHbT and %sO2 . We first perform phantom studies using blood tubes of calibrated %sO2 to evaluate the accuracy of our %sO2 estimation. We conclude by presenting diagnostic results from PAT of 33 patients with 51 ovarian masses imaged by our co-registered PAT and ultrasound system. The ovarian masses were divided into malignant and benign/normal groups. Functional maps of rHbT and %sO2 and their histograms as well as spectral features were calculated using the PAT data from all ovaries in these two groups. Support vector machine models were trained on different combinations of the significant features. The area under ROC (AUC) of 0.93 (0.95%CI: 0.90-0.96) on the testing data set was achieved by combining mean %sO2 , a spectral feature, and the score of the study radiologist.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eghbal Amidi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Guang Yang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - K. M. Shihab Uddin
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Hongbo Luo
- Department of Electrical and System Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - William Middleton
- Department of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Matthew Powell
- Division of Gynecological Oncology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Cary Siegel
- Department of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Quing Zhu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri
- Department of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
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45
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Tankou J, Toboni M, Noia H, Oplt A, Wilke D, Khabele D, Kuroki L, Hagemann A, McCourt C, Thaker P, Mutch D, Powell M, Fuh K. Abstract PO045: Inhibition of GAS6/AXL improves efficacy of HER2 inhibitor trastuzumab in uterine serous cancer. Clin Cancer Res 2021. [DOI: 10.1158/1557-3265.endomet20-po045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Objectives: To determine whether inhibition of GAS6/AXL can improve efficacy to the humanized anti-HER2 monoclonal antibody trastuzumab by decreasing uterine serous cancer cell invasion and cell survival in vitro and tumor burden in vivo. Methods: We treated AXL-expressing and HER2-expressing uterine serous cancer cell lines (ARK1, ARK2) with trastuzumab, AVB-500, or trastuzumab plus AVB-500. Clonogenic cell survival assays were performed. Matrigel invasion assays were used to assess the invasive capacity of ARK2 cells after 24 hours of treatment with vehicle, AVB-500, trastuzumab, or trastuzumab plus AVB-500. A proximity ligation assay was used to examine colocalization of HER2/neu and AXL. Western blots were performed to assess the effects of the individual drugs and combination on phosphorylation of HER2/neu and AXL. An intraperitoneal tumor model with 10 million ARK1 cells was treated with vehicle, AVB-500, trastuzumab, or trastuzumab plus AVB-500 for 35 days. The number, size, and volume of tumor nodules were measured. GraphPad Prism was used for statistical analysis. Results: We found decreased cell survival by clonogenic assays in ARK1 and ARK2 cells treated with trastuzumab plus AVB-500 compared to trastuzumab alone (relative absorbance 0.155 nm vs 0.202 nm, P=0.015). There was significantly less invasion from treatment with trastuzumab plus AVB-500 than with trastuzumab alone (3.2 vs 17.8 invading tumor cells/hpf, P=0.0004). Western blot showed that cells treated with trastuzumab plus AVB-500 had reduced phospho-AXL compared to cells treated with AVB-500 or trastuzumab alone. Furthermore, the proximity ligation assay demonstrated co-localization of the AXL and HER2 receptors in both ARK1 and ARK2 cells indicating a physical closeness that could account for this co-regulation. We found that mice treated with trastuzumab plus AVB-500 developed significantly less tumor burden than mice treated with trastuzumab alone (0.03205 g vs 0.08316 g, P= 0.024), AVB-500 alone (0.0320 g vs 0.1638 g, P<0.0001), and vehicle alone (0.03205 g vs 0.1154 g, P= 0.0395). Conclusions: The GAS6/AXL inhibitor AVB-500 potentiated the effect of trastuzumab to decrease uterine serous cancer cell proliferation and invasion in vitro and tumor burden in vivo likely through AXL and HER2 complexes.
Citation Format: Joan Tankou, Michael Toboni, Hollie Noia, Alyssa Oplt, Daniel Wilke, Dineo Khabele, Lindsay Kuroki, Andrea Hagemann, Carolyn McCourt, Premal Thaker, David Mutch, Matthew Powell, Katherine Fuh. Inhibition of GAS6/AXL improves efficacy of HER2 inhibitor trastuzumab in uterine serous cancer [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Virtual Special Conference: Endometrial Cancer: New Biology Driving Research and Treatment; 2020 Nov 9-10. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Clin Cancer Res 2021;27(3_Suppl):Abstract nr PO045.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joan Tankou
- Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
| | | | - Hollie Noia
- Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
| | - Alyssa Oplt
- Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
| | - Daniel Wilke
- Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
| | - Dineo Khabele
- Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
| | | | | | | | - Premal Thaker
- Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
| | - David Mutch
- Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
| | | | - Katherine Fuh
- Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
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46
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Toboni MD, Mullen M, Tankou J, Noia H, Oplt A, Wilke D, Khabele D, Kuroki L, Hagemann A, McCourt C, Thaker P, Mutch D, Powell M, Fuh K. Abstract PO047: AVB-500, a receptor tyrosine kinase AXL inhibitor, improves response to olaparib in uterine serous cancer. Clin Cancer Res 2021. [DOI: 10.1158/1557-3265.endomet20-po047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Objectives: We determined whether inhibition of GAS6/AXL with AVB-500 in combination with olaparib could improve response in HR-proficient (HRP) uterine serous cancer (USC). Methods: Two USC cell lines (ARK1 & ARK4) were radiated with 10Gy, and RAD51 foci were identified by immunofluorescence (IF). These were treated with AVB-500 (Aravive Biologics, Houston, TX) in combination with the poly ADP ribose polymerase (PARP) inhibitor, olaparib. Colony forming assays were assessed after 4 days of treatment with either AVB-500 alone, olaparib alone or combination treatment (olaparib + AVB-500). Colonies were stained and absorbance was obtained to calculate relative cell survival using Graph Pad Prism. In vivo studies were performed using NOD-SCID mice injected with 1 × 107 ARK1 cells intraperitoneally followed by treatment q3 days for 14-day treatment period. Treatment groups were vehicle control, AVB-500 alone, olaparib alone and olaparib with AVB-500. Results: ARK1 and ARK4 cells were found to have an increase in gamma-H2AX and RAD51 foci after radiation that was consistent with HRP. In clonogenic assays, colonies were stained and absorbance was obtained for each experimental arm. Olaparib + AVB-500 had significantly less absorbance than the olaparib only group for ARK1s (0.417nm vs 0.756nm, p=0.001) as well as in ARK4s (0.186nm vs 0.641nm, p=0.003). In an intraperitoneal model with ARK1 tumors, the olaparib + AVB-500 treated group had less tumor weight than those treated with olaparib alone (0.008g vs 0.138g, p=0.002) and AVB-500 alone (0.008g vs 0.145g, p=0.0006) after a 14-day treatment period. Conclusions: AVB-500 in combination with olaparib demonstrates an improved response than olaparib alone with a greater decrease in tumor burden. This was demonstrated in two HRP cell lines. Additional therapeutic and mechanistic experiments are ongoing.
Citation Format: Michael D. Toboni, Mary Mullen, Jo'an Tankou, Hollie Noia, Alyssa Oplt, Daniel Wilke, Dineo Khabele, Lindsay Kuroki, Andrea Hagemann, Carolyn McCourt, Premal Thaker, David Mutch, Matthew Powell, Katherine Fuh. AVB-500, a receptor tyrosine kinase AXL inhibitor, improves response to olaparib in uterine serous cancer [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Virtual Special Conference: Endometrial Cancer: New Biology Driving Research and Treatment; 2020 Nov 9-10. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Clin Cancer Res 2021;27(3_Suppl):Abstract nr PO047.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mary Mullen
- Washington University, St. Louis, St. Louis, MO
| | | | - Hollie Noia
- Washington University, St. Louis, St. Louis, MO
| | - Alyssa Oplt
- Washington University, St. Louis, St. Louis, MO
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - David Mutch
- Washington University, St. Louis, St. Louis, MO
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Fuh K, Lomonosova E, Pachynski R, Malkova O, Oh S, Hagemann A, McCourt C, Powell M, Fantl W, Thaker P. Abstract PR004: Multi-dimensional biomarker analyses identify pembrolizumab responders in advanced stage, high grade endometrial cancer. Clin Cancer Res 2021. [DOI: 10.1158/1557-3265.endomet20-pr004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Objectives: The recent FDA approval of pembrolizumab for the treatment of recurrent, tissue agnostic cancers with Microsatellite Instability-High (MSI-H) or Mismatch Repair Deficient (dMMR) has led to the treatment of a selected cohort of endometrial cancer (EC) patients. Methods: We designed a study to ascertain tumor immune modulatory effects of pembrolizumab in the front-line setting for advanced stage III/IV surgically-resectable endometrial cancers regardless of MSI-H or dMMR status. The primary objectives were to determine the safety of treatment with pembrolizumab by radiographic imaging and to determine progression-free survival at 6 months. Exploratory objective was to compare the immune response before and after treatment. In an open label, single-arm Phase I trial, 8 EC patients were treated with 2 doses of preoperative pembrolizumab IV prior to surgery followed by carboplatin and paclitaxel and 4 doses of pembrolizumab 200mg/kg q3 weeks IV. Peripheral blood was collected from EC patients at baseline level before treatment and post 2 doses of pembrolizumab treatment. Blood from healthy controls (HC) was also collected. Both were processed for high-dimensional single-cell mass cytometry (CyTOF) using an optimized lymphoid and myeloid panel. Results: Patients who responded to therapy showed lower frequency of circulating CD8+ naïve T cells but higher frequency of CD8+ effector T cells after the treatment than the poor responders. We observed post-therapy expansion of populations of CD8+ and CD4+ T cells expressing co-stimulatory receptor ICOS in responders but not in poor responders. Granzyme+CD8+ and Granzyme+CD4+ T cell populations were expanded after pembrolizumab treatment in responders but were decreased in poor responders. Higher frequency of CD27+Fas- CD4+ T cells at baseline and increased frequency of CD27-Fas+CD4+ T cells post-treatment were observed in responders but not in the poor responders. Furthermore, we identified that circulating MDSCs were reduced after pembrolizumab treatment in responders. Conclusions: Our results suggest that peripheral blood analysis may provide valuable insights into responses to anti-PD-1-targeted therapies in patients with endometrial cancers.
Citation Format: Katherine Fuh, Elena Lomonosova, Russell Pachynski, Olga Malkova, Stephen Oh, Andrea Hagemann, Carolyn McCourt, Matthew Powell, Wendy Fantl, Premal Thaker. Multi-dimensional biomarker analyses identify pembrolizumab responders in advanced stage, high grade endometrial cancer [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Virtual Special Conference: Endometrial Cancer: New Biology Driving Research and Treatment; 2020 Nov 9-10. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Clin Cancer Res 2021;27(3_Suppl):Abstract nr PR004.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katherine Fuh
- 1Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO,
| | | | | | - Olga Malkova
- 1Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO,
| | - Stephen Oh
- 1Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO,
| | | | | | - Matthew Powell
- 1Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO,
| | | | - Premal Thaker
- 1Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO,
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Henning A, Powell M, Ferringer TC. Violaceous Papule With an Erythematous Rim. Cutis 2021; 107:67-73. [PMID: 33891833 DOI: 10.12788/cutis.0175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ania Henning
- Dr. Henning is from the Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, Summa Health System, Akron City, Ohio. Drs. Powell and Ferringer are from the Department of Dermatopathology, Geisinger Medical Center, Danville, Pennsylvania
| | - Matthew Powell
- Dr. Henning is from the Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, Summa Health System, Akron City, Ohio. Drs. Powell and Ferringer are from the Department of Dermatopathology, Geisinger Medical Center, Danville, Pennsylvania
| | - Tammie C Ferringer
- Dr. Henning is from the Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, Summa Health System, Akron City, Ohio. Drs. Powell and Ferringer are from the Department of Dermatopathology, Geisinger Medical Center, Danville, Pennsylvania
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Powell M, Rees R, John L, Street R, Evans R. P225 Parents’ feedback on virtual paediatric cystic fibrosis clinics during COVID-19 pandemic. J Cyst Fibros 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/s1569-1993(21)01250-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Angus DC, Derde L, Al-Beidh F, Annane D, Arabi Y, Beane A, van Bentum-Puijk W, Berry L, Bhimani Z, Bonten M, Bradbury C, Brunkhorst F, Buxton M, Buzgau A, Cheng AC, de Jong M, Detry M, Estcourt L, Fitzgerald M, Goossens H, Green C, Haniffa R, Higgins AM, Horvat C, Hullegie SJ, Kruger P, Lamontagne F, Lawler PR, Linstrum K, Litton E, Lorenzi E, Marshall J, McAuley D, McGlothin A, McGuinness S, McVerry B, Montgomery S, Mouncey P, Murthy S, Nichol A, Parke R, Parker J, Rowan K, Sanil A, Santos M, Saunders C, Seymour C, Turner A, van de Veerdonk F, Venkatesh B, Zarychanski R, Berry S, Lewis RJ, McArthur C, Webb SA, Gordon AC, Al-Beidh F, Angus D, Annane D, Arabi Y, van Bentum-Puijk W, Berry S, Beane A, Bhimani Z, Bonten M, Bradbury C, Brunkhorst F, Buxton M, Cheng A, De Jong M, Derde L, Estcourt L, Goossens H, Gordon A, Green C, Haniffa R, Lamontagne F, Lawler P, Litton E, Marshall J, McArthur C, McAuley D, McGuinness S, McVerry B, Montgomery S, Mouncey P, Murthy S, Nichol A, Parke R, Rowan K, Seymour C, Turner A, van de Veerdonk F, Webb S, Zarychanski R, Campbell L, Forbes A, Gattas D, Heritier S, Higgins L, Kruger P, Peake S, Presneill J, Seppelt I, Trapani T, Young P, Bagshaw S, Daneman N, Ferguson N, Misak C, Santos M, Hullegie S, Pletz M, Rohde G, Rowan K, Alexander B, Basile K, Girard T, Horvat C, Huang D, Linstrum K, Vates J, Beasley R, Fowler R, McGloughlin S, Morpeth S, Paterson D, Venkatesh B, Uyeki T, Baillie K, Duffy E, Fowler R, Hills T, Orr K, Patanwala A, Tong S, Netea M, Bihari S, Carrier M, Fergusson D, Goligher E, Haidar G, Hunt B, Kumar A, Laffan M, Lawless P, Lother S, McCallum P, Middeldopr S, McQuilten Z, Neal M, Pasi J, Schutgens R, Stanworth S, Turgeon A, Weissman A, Adhikari N, Anstey M, Brant E, de Man A, Lamonagne F, Masse MH, Udy A, Arnold D, Begin P, Charlewood R, Chasse M, Coyne M, Cooper J, Daly J, Gosbell I, Harvala-Simmonds H, Hills T, MacLennan S, Menon D, McDyer J, Pridee N, Roberts D, Shankar-Hari M, Thomas H, Tinmouth A, Triulzi D, Walsh T, Wood E, Calfee C, O’Kane C, Shyamsundar M, Sinha P, Thompson T, Young I, Bihari S, Hodgson C, Laffey J, McAuley D, Orford N, Neto A, Detry M, Fitzgerald M, Lewis R, McGlothlin A, Sanil A, Saunders C, Berry L, Lorenzi E, Miller E, Singh V, Zammit C, van Bentum Puijk W, Bouwman W, Mangindaan Y, Parker L, Peters S, Rietveld I, Raymakers K, Ganpat R, Brillinger N, Markgraf R, Ainscough K, Brickell K, Anjum A, Lane JB, Richards-Belle A, Saull M, Wiley D, Bion J, Connor J, Gates S, Manax V, van der Poll T, Reynolds J, van Beurden M, Effelaar E, Schotsman J, Boyd C, Harland C, Shearer A, Wren J, Clermont G, Garrard W, Kalchthaler K, King A, Ricketts D, Malakoutis S, Marroquin O, Music E, Quinn K, Cate H, Pearson K, Collins J, Hanson J, Williams P, Jackson S, Asghar A, Dyas S, Sutu M, Murphy S, Williamson D, Mguni N, Potter A, Porter D, Goodwin J, Rook C, Harrison S, Williams H, Campbell H, Lomme K, Williamson J, Sheffield J, van’t Hoff W, McCracken P, Young M, Board J, Mart E, Knott C, Smith J, Boschert C, Affleck J, Ramanan M, D’Souza R, Pateman K, Shakih A, Cheung W, Kol M, Wong H, Shah A, Wagh A, Simpson J, Duke G, Chan P, Cartner B, Hunter S, Laver R, Shrestha T, Regli A, Pellicano A, McCullough J, Tallott M, Kumar N, Panwar R, Brinkerhoff G, Koppen C, Cazzola F, Brain M, Mineall S, Fischer R, Biradar V, Soar N, White H, Estensen K, Morrison L, Smith J, Cooper M, Health M, Shehabi Y, Al-Bassam W, Hulley A, Whitehead C, Lowrey J, Gresha R, Walsham J, Meyer J, Harward M, Venz E, Williams P, Kurenda C, Smith K, Smith M, Garcia R, Barge D, Byrne D, Byrne K, Driscoll A, Fortune L, Janin P, Yarad E, Hammond N, Bass F, Ashelford A, Waterson S, Wedd S, McNamara R, Buhr H, Coles J, Schweikert S, Wibrow B, Rauniyar R, Myers E, Fysh E, Dawda A, Mevavala B, Litton E, Ferrier J, Nair P, Buscher H, Reynolds C, Santamaria J, Barbazza L, Homes J, Smith R, Murray L, Brailsford J, Forbes L, Maguire T, Mariappa V, Smith J, Simpson S, Maiden M, Bone A, Horton M, Salerno T, Sterba M, Geng W, Depuydt P, De Waele J, De Bus L, Fierens J, Bracke S, Reeve B, Dechert W, Chassé M, Carrier FM, Boumahni D, Benettaib F, Ghamraoui A, Bellemare D, Cloutier È, Francoeur C, Lamontagne F, D’Aragon F, Carbonneau E, Leblond J, Vazquez-Grande G, Marten N, Wilson M, Albert M, Serri K, Cavayas A, Duplaix M, Williams V, Rochwerg B, Karachi T, Oczkowski S, Centofanti J, Millen T, Duan E, Tsang J, Patterson L, English S, Watpool I, Porteous R, Miezitis S, McIntyre L, Brochard L, Burns K, Sandhu G, Khalid I, Binnie A, Powell E, McMillan A, Luk T, Aref N, Andric Z, Cviljevic S, Đimoti R, Zapalac M, Mirković G, Baršić B, Kutleša M, Kotarski V, Vujaklija Brajković A, Babel J, Sever H, Dragija L, Kušan I, Vaara S, Pettilä L, Heinonen J, Kuitunen A, Karlsson S, Vahtera A, Kiiski H, Ristimäki S, Azaiz A, Charron C, Godement M, Geri G, Vieillard-Baron A, Pourcine F, Monchi M, Luis D, Mercier R, Sagnier A, Verrier N, Caplin C, Siami S, Aparicio C, Vautier S, Jeblaoui A, Fartoukh M, Courtin L, Labbe V, Leparco C, Muller G, Nay MA, Kamel T, Benzekri D, Jacquier S, Mercier E, Chartier D, Salmon C, Dequin P, Schneider F, Morel G, L’Hotellier S, Badie J, Berdaguer FD, Malfroy S, Mezher C, Bourgoin C, Megarbane B, Voicu S, Deye N, Malissin I, Sutterlin L, Guitton C, Darreau C, Landais M, Chudeau N, Robert A, Moine P, Heming N, Maxime V, Bossard I, Nicholier TB, Colin G, Zinzoni V, Maquigneau N, Finn A, Kreß G, Hoff U, Friedrich Hinrichs C, Nee J, Pletz M, Hagel S, Ankert J, Kolanos S, Bloos F, Petros S, Pasieka B, Kunz K, Appelt P, Schütze B, Kluge S, Nierhaus A, Jarczak D, Roedl K, Weismann D, Frey A, Klinikum Neukölln V, Reill L, Distler M, Maselli A, Bélteczki J, Magyar I, Fazekas Á, Kovács S, Szőke V, Szigligeti G, Leszkoven J, Collins D, Breen P, Frohlich S, Whelan R, McNicholas B, Scully M, Casey S, Kernan M, Doran P, O’Dywer M, Smyth M, Hayes L, Hoiting O, Peters M, Rengers E, Evers M, Prinssen A, Bosch Ziekenhuis J, Simons K, Rozendaal W, Polderman F, de Jager P, Moviat M, Paling A, Salet A, Rademaker E, Peters AL, de Jonge E, Wigbers J, Guilder E, Butler M, Cowdrey KA, Newby L, Chen Y, Simmonds C, McConnochie R, Ritzema Carter J, Henderson S, Van Der Heyden K, Mehrtens J, Williams T, Kazemi A, Song R, Lai V, Girijadevi D, Everitt R, Russell R, Hacking D, Buehner U, Williams E, Browne T, Grimwade K, Goodson J, Keet O, Callender O, Martynoga R, Trask K, Butler A, Schischka L, Young C, Lesona E, Olatunji S, Robertson Y, José N, Amaro dos Santos Catorze T, de Lima Pereira TNA, Neves Pessoa LM, Castro Ferreira RM, Pereira Sousa Bastos JM, Aysel Florescu S, Stanciu D, Zaharia MF, Kosa AG, Codreanu D, Marabi Y, Al Qasim E, Moneer Hagazy M, Al Swaidan L, Arishi H, Muñoz-Bermúdez R, Marin-Corral J, Salazar Degracia A, Parrilla Gómez F, Mateo López MI, Rodriguez Fernandez J, Cárcel Fernández S, Carmona Flores R, León López R, de la Fuente Martos C, Allan A, Polgarova P, Farahi N, McWilliam S, Hawcutt D, Rad L, O’Malley L, Whitbread J, Kelsall O, Wild L, Thrush J, Wood H, Austin K, Donnelly A, Kelly M, O’Kane S, McClintock D, Warnock M, Johnston P, Gallagher LJ, Mc Goldrick C, Mc Master M, Strzelecka A, Jha R, Kalogirou M, Ellis C, Krishnamurthy V, Deelchand V, Silversides J, McGuigan P, Ward K, O’Neill A, Finn S, Phillips B, Mullan D, Oritz-Ruiz de Gordoa L, Thomas M, Sweet K, Grimmer L, Johnson R, Pinnell J, Robinson M, Gledhill L, Wood T, Morgan M, Cole J, Hill H, Davies M, Antcliffe D, Templeton M, Rojo R, Coghlan P, Smee J, Mackay E, Cort J, Whileman A, Spencer T, Spittle N, Kasipandian V, Patel A, Allibone S, Genetu RM, Ramali M, Ghosh A, Bamford P, London E, Cawley K, Faulkner M, Jeffrey H, Smith T, Brewer C, Gregory J, Limb J, Cowton A, O’Brien J, Nikitas N, Wells C, Lankester L, Pulletz M, Williams P, Birch J, Wiseman S, Horton S, Alegria A, Turki S, Elsefi T, Crisp N, Allen L, McCullagh I, Robinson P, Hays C, Babio-Galan M, Stevenson H, Khare D, Pinder M, Selvamoni S, Gopinath A, Pugh R, Menzies D, Mackay C, Allan E, Davies G, Puxty K, McCue C, Cathcart S, Hickey N, Ireland J, Yusuff H, Isgro G, Brightling C, Bourne M, Craner M, Watters M, Prout R, Davies L, Pegler S, Kyeremeh L, Arbane G, Wilson K, Gomm L, Francia F, Brett S, Sousa Arias S, Elin Hall R, Budd J, Small C, Birch J, Collins E, Henning J, Bonner S, Hugill K, Cirstea E, Wilkinson D, Karlikowski M, Sutherland H, Wilhelmsen E, Woods J, North J, Sundaran D, Hollos L, Coburn S, Walsh J, Turns M, Hopkins P, Smith J, Noble H, Depante MT, Clarey E, Laha S, Verlander M, Williams A, Huckle A, Hall A, Cooke J, Gardiner-Hill C, Maloney C, Qureshi H, Flint N, Nicholson S, Southin S, Nicholson A, Borgatta B, Turner-Bone I, Reddy A, Wilding L, Chamara Warnapura L, Agno Sathianathan R, Golden D, Hart C, Jones J, Bannard-Smith J, Henry J, Birchall K, Pomeroy F, Quayle R, Makowski A, Misztal B, Ahmed I, KyereDiabour T, Naiker K, Stewart R, Mwaura E, Mew L, Wren L, Willams F, Innes R, Doble P, Hutter J, Shovelton C, Plumb B, Szakmany T, Hamlyn V, Hawkins N, Lewis S, Dell A, Gopal S, Ganguly S, Smallwood A, Harris N, Metherell S, Lazaro JM, Newman T, Fletcher S, Nortje J, Fottrell-Gould D, Randell G, Zaman M, Elmahi E, Jones A, Hall K, Mills G, Ryalls K, Bowler H, Sall J, Bourne R, Borrill Z, Duncan T, Lamb T, Shaw J, Fox C, Moreno Cuesta J, Xavier K, Purohit D, Elhassan M, Bakthavatsalam D, Rowland M, Hutton P, Bashyal A, Davidson N, Hird C, Chhablani M, Phalod G, Kirkby A, Archer S, Netherton K, Reschreiter H, Camsooksai J, Patch S, Jenkins S, Pogson D, Rose S, Daly Z, Brimfield L, Claridge H, Parekh D, Bergin C, Bates M, Dasgin J, McGhee C, Sim M, Hay SK, Henderson S, Phull MK, Zaidi A, Pogreban T, Rosaroso LP, Harvey D, Lowe B, Meredith M, Ryan L, Hormis A, Walker R, Collier D, Kimpton S, Oakley S, Rooney K, Rodden N, Hughes E, Thomson N, McGlynn D, Walden A, Jacques N, Coles H, Tilney E, Vowell E, Schuster-Bruce M, Pitts S, Miln R, Purandare L, Vamplew L, Spivey M, Bean S, Burt K, Moore L, Day C, Gibson C, Gordon E, Zitter L, Keenan S, Baker E, Cherian S, Cutler S, Roynon-Reed A, Harrington K, Raithatha A, Bauchmuller K, Ahmad N, Grecu I, Trodd D, Martin J, Wrey Brown C, Arias AM, Craven T, Hope D, Singleton J, Clark S, Rae N, Welters I, Hamilton DO, Williams K, Waugh V, Shaw D, Puthucheary Z, Martin T, Santos F, Uddin R, Somerville A, Tatham KC, Jhanji S, Black E, Dela Rosa A, Howle R, Tully R, Drummond A, Dearden J, Philbin J, Munt S, Vuylsteke A, Chan C, Victor S, Matsa R, Gellamucho M, Creagh-Brown B, Tooley J, Montague L, De Beaux F, Bullman L, Kersiake I, Demetriou C, Mitchard S, Ramos L, White K, Donnison P, Johns M, Casey R, Mattocks L, Salisbury S, Dark P, Claxton A, McLachlan D, Slevin K, Lee S, Hulme J, Joseph S, Kinney F, Senya HJ, Oborska A, Kayani A, Hadebe B, Orath Prabakaran R, Nichols L, Thomas M, Worner R, Faulkner B, Gendall E, Hayes K, Hamilton-Davies C, Chan C, Mfuko C, Abbass H, Mandadapu V, Leaver S, Forton D, Patel K, Paramasivam E, Powell M, Gould R, Wilby E, Howcroft C, Banach D, Fernández de Pinedo Artaraz Z, Cabreros L, White I, Croft M, Holland N, Pereira R, Zaki A, Johnson D, Jackson M, Garrard H, Juhaz V, Roy A, Rostron A, Woods L, Cornell S, Pillai S, Harford R, Rees T, Ivatt H, Sundara Raman A, Davey M, Lee K, Barber R, Chablani M, Brohi F, Jagannathan V, Clark M, Purvis S, Wetherill B, Dushianthan A, Cusack R, de Courcy-Golder K, Smith S, Jackson S, Attwood B, Parsons P, Page V, Zhao XB, Oza D, Rhodes J, Anderson T, Morris S, Xia Le Tai C, Thomas A, Keen A, Digby S, Cowley N, Wild L, Southern D, Reddy H, Campbell A, Watkins C, Smuts S, Touma O, Barnes N, Alexander P, Felton T, Ferguson S, Sellers K, Bradley-Potts J, Yates D, Birkinshaw I, Kell K, Marshall N, Carr-Knott L, Summers C. Effect of Hydrocortisone on Mortality and Organ Support in Patients With Severe COVID-19: The REMAP-CAP COVID-19 Corticosteroid Domain Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA 2020. [PMID: 32876697 DOI: 10.1001/jama.2020.1702221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
IMPORTANCE Evidence regarding corticosteroid use for severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is limited. OBJECTIVE To determine whether hydrocortisone improves outcome for patients with severe COVID-19. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS An ongoing adaptive platform trial testing multiple interventions within multiple therapeutic domains, for example, antiviral agents, corticosteroids, or immunoglobulin. Between March 9 and June 17, 2020, 614 adult patients with suspected or confirmed COVID-19 were enrolled and randomized within at least 1 domain following admission to an intensive care unit (ICU) for respiratory or cardiovascular organ support at 121 sites in 8 countries. Of these, 403 were randomized to open-label interventions within the corticosteroid domain. The domain was halted after results from another trial were released. Follow-up ended August 12, 2020. INTERVENTIONS The corticosteroid domain randomized participants to a fixed 7-day course of intravenous hydrocortisone (50 mg or 100 mg every 6 hours) (n = 143), a shock-dependent course (50 mg every 6 hours when shock was clinically evident) (n = 152), or no hydrocortisone (n = 108). MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES The primary end point was organ support-free days (days alive and free of ICU-based respiratory or cardiovascular support) within 21 days, where patients who died were assigned -1 day. The primary analysis was a bayesian cumulative logistic model that included all patients enrolled with severe COVID-19, adjusting for age, sex, site, region, time, assignment to interventions within other domains, and domain and intervention eligibility. Superiority was defined as the posterior probability of an odds ratio greater than 1 (threshold for trial conclusion of superiority >99%). RESULTS After excluding 19 participants who withdrew consent, there were 384 patients (mean age, 60 years; 29% female) randomized to the fixed-dose (n = 137), shock-dependent (n = 146), and no (n = 101) hydrocortisone groups; 379 (99%) completed the study and were included in the analysis. The mean age for the 3 groups ranged between 59.5 and 60.4 years; most patients were male (range, 70.6%-71.5%); mean body mass index ranged between 29.7 and 30.9; and patients receiving mechanical ventilation ranged between 50.0% and 63.5%. For the fixed-dose, shock-dependent, and no hydrocortisone groups, respectively, the median organ support-free days were 0 (IQR, -1 to 15), 0 (IQR, -1 to 13), and 0 (-1 to 11) days (composed of 30%, 26%, and 33% mortality rates and 11.5, 9.5, and 6 median organ support-free days among survivors). The median adjusted odds ratio and bayesian probability of superiority were 1.43 (95% credible interval, 0.91-2.27) and 93% for fixed-dose hydrocortisone, respectively, and were 1.22 (95% credible interval, 0.76-1.94) and 80% for shock-dependent hydrocortisone compared with no hydrocortisone. Serious adverse events were reported in 4 (3%), 5 (3%), and 1 (1%) patients in the fixed-dose, shock-dependent, and no hydrocortisone groups, respectively. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE Among patients with severe COVID-19, treatment with a 7-day fixed-dose course of hydrocortisone or shock-dependent dosing of hydrocortisone, compared with no hydrocortisone, resulted in 93% and 80% probabilities of superiority with regard to the odds of improvement in organ support-free days within 21 days. However, the trial was stopped early and no treatment strategy met prespecified criteria for statistical superiority, precluding definitive conclusions. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT02735707.
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Affiliation(s)
- Derek C Angus
- The Clinical Research Investigation and Systems Modeling of Acute Illness (CRISMA) Center, Department of Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
- The UPMC Health System Office of Healthcare Innovation, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Lennie Derde
- Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
- Intensive Care Center, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Farah Al-Beidh
- Division of Anaesthetics, Pain Medicine and Intensive Care Medicine, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London and Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - Djillali Annane
- Intensive Care Unit, Raymond Poincaré Hospital (AP-HP), Paris, France
- Simone Veil School of Medicine, University of Versailles, Versailles, France
- University Paris Saclay, Garches, France
| | - Yaseen Arabi
- Intensive Care Department, College of Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abigail Beane
- Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Wilma van Bentum-Puijk
- Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | | | - Zahra Bhimani
- Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Marc Bonten
- Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
- Department of Medical Microbiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Charlotte Bradbury
- Bristol Royal Informatory, Bristol, United Kingdom
- University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Frank Brunkhorst
- Center for Clinical Studies and Center for Sepsis Control and Care (CSCC), Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| | - Meredith Buxton
- Global Coalition for Adaptive Research, San Francisco, California
| | - Adrian Buzgau
- Helix, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Allen C Cheng
- Infection Prevention and Healthcare Epidemiology Unit, Alfred Health, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Australian and New Zealand Intensive Care Research Centre, School of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Menno de Jong
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Amsterdam University Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | | | - Lise Estcourt
- NHS Blood and Transplant, Bristol, United Kingdom
- Transfusion Medicine, Medical Sciences Division, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | | | - Herman Goossens
- Department of Microbiology, Antwerp University Hospital, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Cameron Green
- Australian and New Zealand Intensive Care Research Centre, School of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Rashan Haniffa
- Network for Improving Critical Care Systems and Training, Colombo, Sri Lanka
- Mahidol Oxford Tropical Medicine Research Unit, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Alisa M Higgins
- Australian and New Zealand Intensive Care Research Centre, School of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Christopher Horvat
- The Clinical Research Investigation and Systems Modeling of Acute Illness (CRISMA) Center, Department of Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
- The UPMC Health System Office of Healthcare Innovation, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Sebastiaan J Hullegie
- Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Peter Kruger
- Intensive Care Unit, Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | | | - Patrick R Lawler
- Cardiac Intensive Care Unit, Peter Munk Cardiac Centre, University Health Network, Interdepartmental Division of Critical Care Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Kelsey Linstrum
- The Clinical Research Investigation and Systems Modeling of Acute Illness (CRISMA) Center, Department of Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Edward Litton
- School of Medicine and Pharmacology, University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia, Australia
| | | | - John Marshall
- Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Interdepartmental Division of Critical Care, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Daniel McAuley
- Centre for Experimental Medicine, School of Medicine, Dentistry and Biomedical Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, United Kingdom
| | | | - Shay McGuinness
- Australian and New Zealand Intensive Care Research Centre, School of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Cardiothoracic and Vascular Intensive Care Unit, Auckland City Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand
- The Health Research Council of New Zealand, Wellington, New Zealand
- Medical Research Institute of New Zealand, Wellington, New Zealand
| | - Bryan McVerry
- Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Stephanie Montgomery
- The Clinical Research Investigation and Systems Modeling of Acute Illness (CRISMA) Center, Department of Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
- The UPMC Health System Office of Healthcare Innovation, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Paul Mouncey
- Clinical Trials Unit, Intensive Care National Audit & Research Centre (ICNARC), London, United Kingdom
| | - Srinivas Murthy
- University of British Columbia School of Medicine, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Alistair Nichol
- Australian and New Zealand Intensive Care Research Centre, School of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, St Vincent's University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
- School of Medicine and Medical Sciences, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
- Department of Intensive Care, Alfred Health, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Rachael Parke
- Cardiothoracic and Vascular Intensive Care Unit, Auckland City Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand
- The Health Research Council of New Zealand, Wellington, New Zealand
- Medical Research Institute of New Zealand, Wellington, New Zealand
- School of Nursing, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Jane Parker
- Australian and New Zealand Intensive Care Research Centre, School of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Kathryn Rowan
- Clinical Trials Unit, Intensive Care National Audit & Research Centre (ICNARC), London, United Kingdom
| | | | - Marlene Santos
- Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | | | - Christopher Seymour
- The Clinical Research Investigation and Systems Modeling of Acute Illness (CRISMA) Center, Department of Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
- The UPMC Health System Office of Healthcare Innovation, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Anne Turner
- Medical Research Institute of New Zealand, Wellington, New Zealand
| | - Frank van de Veerdonk
- Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Balasubramanian Venkatesh
- Southside Clinical Unit, Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
- The George Institute for Global Health, Sydney, Australia
| | - Ryan Zarychanski
- Department of Medicine, Critical Care and Hematology/Medical Oncology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | | | - Roger J Lewis
- Berry Consultants LLC, Austin, Texas
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, California
- Department of Emergency Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California, Los Angeles
| | - Colin McArthur
- Medical Research Institute of New Zealand, Wellington, New Zealand
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Auckland City Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Steven A Webb
- Australian and New Zealand Intensive Care Research Centre, School of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- School of Medicine and Pharmacology, University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia, Australia
- St John of God Hospital, Subiaco, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Anthony C Gordon
- Division of Anaesthetics, Pain Medicine and Intensive Care Medicine, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London and Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom
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