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Lino JB, Laurino IRA, Longo PADS, Santos CSG, Motta FDS, Francini-Filho RB, Pereira-Filho GH. Proxies to detect hotspots of invertebrate biodiversity on rhodolith beds across the Southwestern Atlantic. Mar Environ Res 2024; 196:106431. [PMID: 38442590 DOI: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2024.106431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Revised: 02/22/2024] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024]
Abstract
Rhodolith beds are known worldwide to host high biodiversity to several taxa. Despite their importance, few ecological data explored the influence of rhodolith features and environmental variables on associated biodiversity, a gap that has been hampering the mapping of diversity hotspots and priority areas for conservation. In this study, we investigated large-scale spatial variations of rhodolith beds and their associated fauna, using annelid polychaetes as a biological model. We aimed to identify proxies, based on rhodolith features and environmental variables, to detect biodiversity hotspots across Southwestern Atlantic beds, laying the groundwork for mapping priority areas for conservation. With this goal, we sampled a total of 136 rhodolith nodules across seven sites with beds under distinct latitudes, depths, distances from the mainland coast of Brazil, and rhodolith densities. For each nodule sampled, we measured the volume, diameter, and mass of sediment trapped, as well as the attributes of the associated polychaetes (abundance, richness, diversity, and composition). Our results revealed a complex network of collinearities and synergisms between the rhodolith features and the majority of the polychaetes attributes (i.e., abundance, diversity, and composition). Polychaete richness, in contrast, can be explained by the combination of two proxies: (1) rhodolith nodule diameter and (2) distance of the rhodolith bed from the mainland coast. Nearshore rhodolith beds and larger nodules were associated with higher values of richness. Additionally, rhodoliths with a hollow morphology were also associated with higher values of polychaete richness. These results suggest that nearshore rhodolith beds with large and hollow nodules could be priority areas for conservation. However, further multi-taxa studies using our framework are still needed to explore other regions and scales, delineating more comprehensive proxies for predicting ecological patterns of the rhodoliths associated fauna and to identify priorities for conservation across Southwestern Atlantic beds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaqueline Barreto Lino
- Laboratório de Ecologia e Conservação Marinha, Instituto do Mar, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Rua Dr. Carvalho de Mendonça 144, Santos, 110-070, Brazil
| | - Ivan Rodrigo Abrão Laurino
- Laboratório de Ecologia e Conservação Marinha, Instituto do Mar, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Rua Dr. Carvalho de Mendonça 144, Santos, 110-070, Brazil
| | - Pedro Augusto Dos Santos Longo
- Laboratório de Ecologia e Conservação Marinha, Instituto do Mar, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Rua Dr. Carvalho de Mendonça 144, Santos, 110-070, Brazil
| | - Cinthya Simone Gomes Santos
- Departamento de Biologia Marinha, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Rua: Professor Marcos Waldemar de Freitas Reis, s/n, Campus do Gragoatá, Bloco M, Sala 416, São Domingos, Niterói, RJ, CEP 24210-201, Brazil
| | - Fabio Dos Santos Motta
- Laboratório de Ecologia e Conservação Marinha, Instituto do Mar, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Rua Dr. Carvalho de Mendonça 144, Santos, 110-070, Brazil
| | - Ronaldo B Francini-Filho
- Laboratório de Biodiversidade e Conservação Marinha, Centro de Biologia Marinha, Universidade de São Paulo, São Sebastião, SP, 11612-109, Brazil
| | - Guilherme Henrique Pereira-Filho
- Laboratório de Ecologia e Conservação Marinha, Instituto do Mar, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Rua Dr. Carvalho de Mendonça 144, Santos, 110-070, Brazil.
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Tuya F, Schubert N, Aguirre J, Basso D, Bastos EO, Berchez F, Bernardino AF, Bosch NE, Burdett HL, Espino F, Fernández-Gárcia C, Francini-Filho RB, Gagnon P, Hall-Spencer JM, Haroun R, Hofmann LC, Horta PA, Kamenos NA, Le Gall L, Magris RA, Martin S, Nelson WA, Neves P, Olivé I, Otero-Ferrer F, Peña V, Pereira-Filho GH, Ragazzola F, Rebelo AC, Ribeiro C, Rinde E, Schoenrock K, Silva J, Sissini MN, Tâmega FTS. Levelling-up rhodolith-bed science to address global-scale conservation challenges. Sci Total Environ 2023:164818. [PMID: 37315600 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.164818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2022] [Revised: 06/07/2023] [Accepted: 06/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Global marine conservation remains fractured by an imbalance in research efforts and policy actions, limiting progression towards sustainability. Rhodolith beds represent a prime example, as they have ecological importance on a global scale, provide a wealth of ecosystem functions and services, including biodiversity provision and potential climate change mitigation, but remain disproportionately understudied, compared to other coastal ecosystems (tropical coral reefs, kelp forests, mangroves, seagrasses). Although rhodolith beds have gained some recognition, as important and sensitive habitats at national/regional levels during the last decade, there is still a notable lack of information and, consequently, specific conservation efforts. We argue that the lack of information about these habitats, and the significant ecosystem services they provide, is hindering the development of effective conservation measures and limiting wider marine conservation success. This is becoming a pressing issue, considering the multiple severe pressures and threats these habitats are exposed to (e.g., pollution, fishing activities, climate change), which may lead to an erosion of their ecological function and ecosystem services. By synthesizing the current knowledge, we provide arguments to highlight the importance and urgency of levelling-up research efforts focused on rhodolith beds, combating rhodolith bed degradation and avoiding the loss of associated biodiversity, thus ensuring the sustainability of future conservation programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernando Tuya
- Grupo en Biodiversidad y Conservación (IU-ECOAQUA), Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Telde, Spain.
| | - Nadine Schubert
- CCMAR - Centre of Marine Sciences, University of Algarve, Faro, Portugal
| | - Julio Aguirre
- Departamento de Estratigrafía y Paleontología, Universidad de Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Daniela Basso
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Milano-Bicocca, CoNISMa Research Unit of Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy
| | - Eduardo O Bastos
- Laboratório de Ficologia, Departamento de Botânica, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianopolis, Brazil
| | - Flávio Berchez
- Instituto de Biociências/Instituto de Estudos Avançados, Universidade de São Paulo, Brazil; Cape Horn International Center (CHIC), Puerto Williams, Chile
| | - Angelo F Bernardino
- Departamento de Oceanografia, Universidade Federal do Espirito Santo, Vitoria, Brazil
| | - Néstor E Bosch
- Grupo en Biodiversidad y Conservación (IU-ECOAQUA), Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Telde, Spain; Asociación Biodiversidad Atlántica y Sostenibilidad (ABAS), Telde, Spain
| | - Heidi L Burdett
- Umeå Marine Sciences Centre, Umeå University, Norrbyn, Sweden; Department of Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Fernando Espino
- Grupo en Biodiversidad y Conservación (IU-ECOAQUA), Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Telde, Spain
| | - Cindy Fernández-Gárcia
- School of Biology, Universidad de Costa Rica, San José, Costa Rica; Research Center in Marine Sciences and Limnology (CIMAR), Universidad de Costa Rica, San José, Costa Rica
| | - Ronaldo B Francini-Filho
- Laboratório de Ecologia e Conservação Marinha, Centro de Biologia Marinha (CEBIMar), Universidade de São Paulo (USP), São Sebastião, Brazil
| | - Patrick Gagnon
- Department of Ocean Sciences, Memorial University of Newfoundland, Canada
| | - Jason M Hall-Spencer
- Shimoda Marine Research Center, University of Tsukuba, Shizuoka, Japan; School of Biological and Marine Sciences, University of Plymouth, UK
| | - Ricardo Haroun
- Grupo en Biodiversidad y Conservación (IU-ECOAQUA), Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Telde, Spain
| | - Laurie C Hofmann
- Marine Aquaculture Group, Alfred Wegener Institute Helmholtz Center for Polar and Marine Research, Bremerhaven, Germany; Bremerhaven University of Applied Sciences, Bremerhaven, Germany
| | - Paulo A Horta
- Laboratório de Ficologia, Departamento de Botânica, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianopolis, Brazil
| | - Nicholas A Kamenos
- Umeå Marine Sciences Centre, Umeå University, Norrbyn, Sweden; Department of Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Line Le Gall
- Institut de Systématique, Évolution, Biodiversité (ISYEB), Muséum National D'Histoire Naturelle, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, EPHE, Université des Antilles, Paris, France
| | - Rafael A Magris
- Instituto Chico Mendes de Conservação da Biodiversidade (ICMBio), Brasília, Distrito Federal, Brazil
| | - Sophie Martin
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, UMR 7144 Adaptation et Diversité en Milieu Marin, Station Biologique de Roscoff, Roscoff, France
| | - Wendy A Nelson
- National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research, Wellington, New Zealand; School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Pedro Neves
- CCMAR - Centre of Marine Sciences, University of Algarve, Faro, Portugal; Observatório Oceânico da Madeira, Agência Regional para o Desenvolvimento da Investigação, Tecnologia e Inovação (OOM/ ARDITI), Madeira, Funchal, Portugal
| | - Irene Olivé
- Department of Integrative Marine Biology, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohn, Naples, Italy
| | - Francisco Otero-Ferrer
- Grupo en Biodiversidad y Conservación (IU-ECOAQUA), Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Telde, Spain; Asociación Biodiversidad Atlántica y Sostenibilidad (ABAS), Telde, Spain
| | - Viviana Peña
- BioCost Research Group, Departamento de Bioloxía, Facultade de Ciencias, Universidade da Coruña, A Coruña, Spain
| | - Guilherme H Pereira-Filho
- Laboratório de Ecologia e Conservação Marinha, Instituto do Mar, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Santos, Brazil
| | - Federica Ragazzola
- Department of Integrative Marine Biology, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohn, Naples, Italy; NBFC, National Biodiversity Future Center, Palermo 90133, Italy
| | - Ana Cristina Rebelo
- Divisão de Geologia Marinha, Instituto Hidrográfico, Lisboa, Portugal; BIOPOLIS-CIBIO, Centro de Investigação em Biodiversidade e Recursos Genéticos, InBio Laboratório Associado, Pólo dos Açores, Portugal; SMNS - Staatliches Museum für Naturkunde Stuttgart, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Cláudia Ribeiro
- CCMAR - Centre of Marine Sciences, University of Algarve, Faro, Portugal; IFCN-Instituto das Florestas e Conservação da Natureza, IP-RAM, Madeira, Funchal, Portugal
| | - Eli Rinde
- Norwegian Institute for Water Research, Oslo, Norway
| | - Kathryn Schoenrock
- School of Natural Sciences, The Ryan Institute, University of Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - João Silva
- CCMAR - Centre of Marine Sciences, University of Algarve, Faro, Portugal
| | - Marina N Sissini
- Lab. de Ecologia e Conservação de Ambientes Recifais (LECAR), Departamento de Biologia Marinha, Universidade Federal Fluminense (UFF), Niterói, RJ, Brazil
| | - Frederico T S Tâmega
- Departamento de Biotecnologia Marinha, Instituto de Estudos do Mar Almirante Paulo Moreira (IEAPM), Arraial do Cabo, RJ, Brazil
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Ahmadi RA, Varasteh T, Silveira CB, Walter J, Siegle E, Omachi C, de Rezende CE, Francini-Filho RB, Thompson C, Tschoeke D, Bahiense L, Thompson FL. Machine learning sheds light on physical-chemical and biological parameters leading to Abrolhos coral reef microbialization. Sci Total Environ 2023:164465. [PMID: 37247740 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.164465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2023] [Revised: 05/19/2023] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Microbes play a central role in coral reef health. However, the relative importance of physical-chemical and biological processes in the control of microbial biomass are unknown. Here, we applied machine learning to analyze a large dataset of biological, physical, and chemical parameters (N = 665 coral reef seawater samples) to understand the factors that modulate microbial abundance in the water of Abrolhos reefs, the largest and richest coral reefs of the Southwest Atlantic. Random Forest (RF) and Boosted Regression Tree (BRT) models indicated that hydrodynamic forcing, Dissolved Organic Carbon (DOC), and Total Nitrogen (TN) were the most important predictors of microbial abundance. The possible cumulative effects of higher temperatures, longer seawater residence time, higher nutrient concentration, and lower coral and fish biomass observed in coastal reefs resulted in higher microbial abundance, potentially impacting coral resilience against stressors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reza Amir Ahmadi
- Systems Engineer and Computer Science Program, Alberto Luiz Coimbra Institute, Graduate School and Research in Engineering, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Tooba Varasteh
- Institute of Biology, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21941-599, Brazil
| | - Cynthia B Silveira
- Department of Biology, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL 33146, United States of America
| | - Juline Walter
- Institute of Biology, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21941-599, Brazil
| | - Eduardo Siegle
- Instituto Oceanográfico, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Claudia Omachi
- Instituto Oceanográfico, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Carlos Eduardo de Rezende
- Environmental Sciences Laboratory (LCA), Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro (UENF), Campos de Goytacazes, Brazil
| | | | - Cristiane Thompson
- Institute of Biology, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21941-599, Brazil
| | - Diogo Tschoeke
- Systems Engineer and Computer Science Program, Alberto Luiz Coimbra Institute, Graduate School and Research in Engineering, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; Institute of Biology, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21941-599, Brazil
| | - Laura Bahiense
- Systems Engineer and Computer Science Program, Alberto Luiz Coimbra Institute, Graduate School and Research in Engineering, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
| | - Fabiano L Thompson
- Institute of Biology, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21941-599, Brazil.
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Anderson AB, Pinheiro HT, Francini-Filho RB, Ferreira CEL, Jean-Christophe J. Habitat use of five sympatric predatory reef fishes at a remote island of the Southwestern Atlantic. J Fish Biol 2023. [PMID: 37169731 DOI: 10.1111/jfb.15433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Density-dependent mechanisms and habitat use are important drivers of marine spatial distribution in complex ecosystems such as coral or rocky reefs. In the last decade, few studies have assessed habitat use by reef fishes in nearshore and coastal environments along the Brazilian coast. Serranidae (groupers and sea basses) are regarded as excellent models for understanding habitat use patterns due to their diversity, long lifespan, wide distribution, morphological and functional diversity, and behavioral complexity. Their trophic position in the food web, from meso- to top-predators grant them critical roles as top-down population controllers. Herein, we present the first assessment of habitat use by five sympatric Serranidae in a Brazilian oceanic island, Trindade. The model species selected for this assessment are: the Coney (Cephalopholis fulva); the Rock hind (Epinephelus adscensionis); the Greater soapfish (Rypticus saponaceus); the Creole-fish (Paranthias furcifer); and the hybrid between C. fulva and P. furcifer. Our findings revealed that the species, showed specific associations with topographic characteristics related to shelter from predation, reproduction and feeding. Habitat use in Trindade was similar to that observed in nearshore coastal environments (where the hybrid is absent). The present work contributes to the knowledge of habitat use and niche partitioning among key species, which is a valuable tool to subsidize effective conservation initiatives such as designing Marine Protected Areas focusing on the behaviour and habitat use of key ecological players. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antônio B Anderson
- Laboratory of Ichthyology, Department of Oceanography, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Vitoria, Brazil
| | - Hudson T Pinheiro
- Center for Marine Biology, University of São Paulo, São Sebastião, Brazil
- California Academy of Sciences, San Francisco, California, USA
| | | | - Carlos E L Ferreira
- LECAR-Federal Fluminense University, Department of Marine Biology, Niteroi, Brazil
| | - Joyeux Jean-Christophe
- Laboratory of Ichthyology, Department of Oceanography, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Vitoria, Brazil
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Santana EFC, Mies M, Longo GO, Menezes R, Aued AW, Luza AL, Bender MG, Segal B, Floeter SR, Francini-Filho RB. Turbidity shapes shallow Southwestern Atlantic benthic reef communities. Mar Environ Res 2023; 183:105807. [PMID: 36379169 DOI: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2022.105807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Revised: 10/26/2022] [Accepted: 11/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Southwestern Atlantic reefs (Brazilian Province) occur along a broad latitudinal range (∼5°N-27°S) and under varied environmental conditions. We combined large-scale benthic cover and environmental data into uni- and multivariate regression tree analyses to identify unique shallow (<30 m) benthic reef communities and their environmental drivers along the Brazilian Province. Turbidity was the leading environmental driver of benthic reef communities, with the occurrence of two main groups: clear-water (dominated by fleshy macroalgae) and turbid (dominated by turf algae). Seven out of 14 scleractinian coral species were more abundant in the turbid group, thus corroborating the photophobic nature of some Brazilian corals. The most abundant scleractinian in Brazil (Montastraea cavernosa), largely dominated (71-93% of total coral cover) both, the shallow turbid and deeper clear-water reefs. Because these habitat types are widely recognized as potential climate refuges, local threats (e.g. pollution, overfishing) should be averted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erika F C Santana
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas (Zoologia), Universidade Federal da Paraíba, Cidade Universitária, 58059-900, JP, PB, Brazil
| | - Miguel Mies
- Instituto Oceanográfico, Universidade de São Paulo, SP, Brazil; Instituto Coral Vivo, Santa Cruz Cabrália, BA, Brazil
| | - Guilherme O Longo
- Laboratório de Ecologia Marinha, Departamento de Oceanografia e Limnologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, RN, 59014-002, Brazil
| | - Rafael Menezes
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas (Zoologia), Universidade Federal da Paraíba, Cidade Universitária, 58059-900, JP, PB, Brazil
| | - Anaide W Aued
- Laboratório de Biogeografia e Macroecologia Marinha, Departamento de Ecologia e Zoologia, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, 88040-970, SC, Brazil
| | - André Luís Luza
- Laboratório de Macroecologia e Conservação Marinha, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Mariana G Bender
- Laboratório de Macroecologia e Conservação Marinha, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Barbara Segal
- Laboratório de Ecologia de Ambientes Recifais, Departamento de Ecologia e Zoologia, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, 88040-970, SC, Brazil
| | - Sergio R Floeter
- Laboratório de Biogeografia e Macroecologia Marinha, Departamento de Ecologia e Zoologia, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, 88040-970, SC, Brazil
| | - Ronaldo B Francini-Filho
- Laboratório de Ecologia e Conservação Marinha, Centro de Biologia Marinha, Universidade de São Paulo, 11612-109, São Sebastião, SP, Brazil.
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Cordeiro RT, Carpinelli ÁN, Francini-Filho RB, Neves BDM, Pérez CD, de Oliveira U, Sumida P, Maranhão H, Monteiro LH, Carneiro P, Kitahara MV. Neospongodes atlantica, a potential case of an early biological introduction in the Southwestern Atlantic. PeerJ 2022; 10:e14347. [PMID: 36540794 PMCID: PMC9760029 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.14347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Accepted: 10/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Soft corals (Anthozoa: Octocorallia) are discreet components in the Southwestern Atlantic reef communities. In Brazil, the native octocoral shallow-reef fauna is mostly represented by gorgonians. Consequently, except for the nephtheid Neospongodes atlantica, most of the known soft corals from this region are considered non-indigenous. Hitherto, the monotypic genus Neospongodes, which was proposed in the early 1900s, has been considered to be endemic to the Northeastern Brazilian coast. Herein, based on in situ records, we show that N. atlantica is a substrate generalist that has been probably expanding its distribution by dominating extensive shallow and mesophotic sandy and reef bottoms, generally outcompeting other reef benthic organisms, including Brazilian endemic species. Based on previously unidentified museum specimens, new records, and a broad literature review, we provide the most comprehensive modelling of the potential distribution of this species in the Southwestern Atlantic. Based on molecular inference supported by in-depth morphological analysis, the probable non-indigenous and, therefore, ancient introduction of N. atlantica in Brazilian waters is discussed. Finally, these results support that Neospongodes and the Indo-Pacific Stereonephthya are synonyms, which led us to propose the latter as taxonomically invalid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ralf T.S. Cordeiro
- Departamento de Biologia, Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil,Department of Zoology (Invertebrate Zoology), National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D.C., United States of America
| | - Ágatha Nascimento Carpinelli
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Biodiversidade e Ecologia Marinha e Costeira, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Santos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | | | - Carlos D. Pérez
- Centro Acadêmico de Vitória, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Vitória de Santo Antão, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Umberto de Oliveira
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia, Teoria, Aplicações e Valores, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Paulo Sumida
- Departamento de Oceanografia Biológica, Instituto Oceanográfico, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Henrique Maranhão
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Oceanografia, Departamento de Oceanografia, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Leonardo H.U. Monteiro
- IVIG, COPPE, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil,Grupo Sandmine & Inframar, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Pedro Carneiro
- Universidade Federal do Delta do Paranaíba, Parnaíba, Piauí, Brazil
| | - Marcelo V. Kitahara
- Department of Zoology (Invertebrate Zoology), National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D.C., United States of America,Centro de Biologia Marinha, Universidade de São Paulo, São Sebastião, São Paulo, Brazil
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Varasteh T, Salazar V, Tschoeke D, Francini-Filho RB, Swings J, Garcia G, Thompson CC, Thompson FL. Breviolum and Cladocopium Are Dominant Among Symbiodiniaceae of the Coral Holobiont Madracis decactis. Microb Ecol 2022; 84:325-335. [PMID: 34561754 DOI: 10.1007/s00248-021-01868-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2021] [Accepted: 09/10/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The scleractinian reef building coral Madracis decactis is a cosmopolitan species. Understanding host-symbiont associations is critical for assessing coral's habitat requirements and its response to environmental changes. In this study, we performed a fine grained phylogenetic analyses of Symbiodiniaceae associated with Madracis in two locations in the Southwest Atlantic Ocean (Abrolhos Bank and St. Peter and St. Paul Archipelago). Previous studies have argued that Madracis is a specialist coral, with colonies harboring a single symbiont from the genus Breviolum (formerly clade B). However, these previous studies have not precisely addressed if Madracis is colonized by several types of Symbiodiniaceae simultaneously or whether this coral is a specialist. The hypothesis that Madracis is a generalist coral host was evaluated in the present study. A total of 1.9 million reads of ITS2 nuclear ribosomal DNA were obtained by Illumina MiSeq sequencing. While Symbiodiniaceae ITS2 sequences between two sampling depths were almost entirely (62%) from the genus Breviolum (formerly clade B), shallow (10-15 m) populations in Abrolhos had a greater diversity of ITS2 sequences in comparison to deeper (25-35 m) populations of St. Peter and St. Paul Archipelago. Cladocopium (formerly clade C) and Symbiodinium (formerly clade A) were also found in Abrolhos. A single Madracis colony can host different symbiont types with > 30 Symbiodiniaceae ITS2-type profiles. Abrolhos corals presented a higher photosynthetic potential as a possible result of co-occurrence of multiple Symbiodiniaceae in a single coral colony. Multiple genera/clades of Symbiodiniaceae possibly confer coral hosts with broader environmental tolerance and ability to occupy diverse or changing habitats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tooba Varasteh
- Institute of Biology and Coppe, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21941-599, Brazil.
| | - Vinícius Salazar
- Institute of Biology and Coppe, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21941-599, Brazil
| | - Diogo Tschoeke
- Institute of Biology and Coppe, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21941-599, Brazil
| | | | - Jean Swings
- Institute of Biology and Coppe, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21941-599, Brazil
| | - Gizele Garcia
- Institute of Biology and Coppe, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21941-599, Brazil
- Departamento de Ensino de Graduação, Universidade Federal Do Rio de Janeiro - Campus UFRJ - Macaé Professor Aloisio Teixeira, Macaé, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 27930-480, Brazil
| | - Cristiane C Thompson
- Institute of Biology and Coppe, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21941-599, Brazil
| | - Fabiano L Thompson
- Institute of Biology and Coppe, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21941-599, Brazil.
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8
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Gama IH, Almeida MGD, Rangel TP, Marques JSJ, Oliveira BCVD, Araújo BF, Gatts PV, Francini-Filho RB, Thompson F, Rezende CED. Metals and organic matter baselines in sediments in a cross-shelf gradient at Abrolhos Bank, SW Atlantic. Sci Total Environ 2022; 802:149867. [PMID: 34469861 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.149867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2021] [Revised: 08/15/2021] [Accepted: 08/19/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The present study performed geochemical fractioning of major and minor elements in a cross-shelf gradient of the Abrolhos Bank, where the largest and most diverse coral reefs in the South Atlantic are concentrated. The fractioning was performed using sequential extractions to determine the degree of availability and toxicity of the elements. The mobility pattern of the elements investigated were in the following order: Ca > Mn > Pb > Cr > Zn > Fe > V > Cu > Ba>Al > Ni > Ti. For elements, such as (Ti, Ni, Al, Ba, Cu, V, Fe, Zn, Cr, Pb), the highest concentrations were in the residual phase at some sampling sites. As established by Environment Canada (Threshold Effect Level - TEL and Probable Effect Level - PEL), Ba, Cr, and Ni produced values higher than the limits, associated with higher concentrations of other elements. In addition, significant proportions of these elements were found in mobile phases in the same sites. Thus, more rigorous measures are critical to avoid alarming levels of chronic environmental pollution inside and outside protected areas of the region. To enhance the sustainability of the region, more effective enforcement is crucial to prevent anthropic contamination that may threaten its biodiversity. The results provide the baseline for future studies regarding the potential impacts of the breach of the tailings dam in the region of Mariana, Minas Gerais.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iris H Gama
- Laboratório de Ciências Ambientais, Centro de Biociências e Biotecnologia, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro, 28013-600 Campos dos Goytacazes, RJ, Brazil
| | - Marcelo G de Almeida
- Laboratório de Ciências Ambientais, Centro de Biociências e Biotecnologia, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro, 28013-600 Campos dos Goytacazes, RJ, Brazil
| | - Thiago P Rangel
- Laboratório de Ciências Ambientais, Centro de Biociências e Biotecnologia, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro, 28013-600 Campos dos Goytacazes, RJ, Brazil
| | - Jomar S J Marques
- Laboratório de Ciências Ambientais, Centro de Biociências e Biotecnologia, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro, 28013-600 Campos dos Goytacazes, RJ, Brazil
| | - Braulio C V de Oliveira
- Laboratório de Ciências Ambientais, Centro de Biociências e Biotecnologia, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro, 28013-600 Campos dos Goytacazes, RJ, Brazil
| | - Beatriz F Araújo
- Laboratório de Ciências Ambientais, Centro de Biociências e Biotecnologia, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro, 28013-600 Campos dos Goytacazes, RJ, Brazil
| | - Pedro V Gatts
- Laboratório de Ciências Ambientais, Centro de Biociências e Biotecnologia, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro, 28013-600 Campos dos Goytacazes, RJ, Brazil
| | | | - Fabiano Thompson
- Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, 21941-901 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Carlos E de Rezende
- Laboratório de Ciências Ambientais, Centro de Biociências e Biotecnologia, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro, 28013-600 Campos dos Goytacazes, RJ, Brazil.
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9
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Roos NC, Longo GO, Pennino MG, Francini-Filho RB, Carvalho AR. Author Correction: Protecting nursery areas without fisheries management is not enough to conserve the most endangered parrotfish of the Atlantic Ocean. Sci Rep 2021; 11:5820. [PMID: 33686104 PMCID: PMC7940423 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-85212-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Natalia C Roos
- Marine Ecology Laboratory, Department of Oceanography and Limnology, Federal University of Rio Grande Do Norte, Natal, RN, 59014-002, Brazil.
| | - Guilherme O Longo
- Marine Ecology Laboratory, Department of Oceanography and Limnology, Federal University of Rio Grande Do Norte, Natal, RN, 59014-002, Brazil
| | - Maria Grazia Pennino
- Fishing Ecology, Management and Economics Group, Department of Ecology, Federal University of Rio Grande Do Norte, Natal, RN, 59098-970, Brazil.,Spanish Institute of Oceanography, Oceanographic Centre of Vigo, 36390, Vigo, PO, Spain
| | - Ronaldo B Francini-Filho
- Benthic Ecology Laboratory, Marine Biology Center (CEBIMar), University of São Paulo, São Sebastião, SP, 11612-109, Brazil
| | - Adriana R Carvalho
- Fishing Ecology, Management and Economics Group, Department of Ecology, Federal University of Rio Grande Do Norte, Natal, RN, 59098-970, Brazil
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10
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Pinheiro HT, Macena BCL, Francini-Filho RB, Ferreira CEL, Albuquerque FV, Bezerra NPA, Carvalho-Filho A, Ferreira RCP, Luiz OJ, Mello TJ, Mendonça SA, Nunes DM, Pimentel CR, Pires AMA, Soares-Gomes A, Viana DL, Hazin FHV, Rocha LA. Fish biodiversity of Saint Peter and Saint Paul's Archipelago, Mid-Atlantic Ridge, Brazil: new records and a species database. J Fish Biol 2020; 97:1143-1153. [PMID: 32743800 DOI: 10.1111/jfb.14484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2020] [Revised: 07/24/2020] [Accepted: 07/30/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Saint Peter and Saint Paul's Archipelago (SPSPA), one of the smallest and most isolated island groups in the world, is situated on the Mid-Atlantic Ridge, between Brazil and the African continent. SPSPA has low species richness and high endemism; nonetheless, the diversity of fishes from deep habitats (>30 m depth) had not been previously studied in detail. Several expeditions conducted between 2009 and 2018 explored the shallow and deep reefs of SPSPA using scuba, closed-circuit rebreathers, manned submersibles, baited remote underwater stereo-videos (stereo-BRUV) and fishing between 0 and 1050 m depth. These expeditions yielded 41 new records of fishes for SPSPA: 9 in open waters, 9 in shallow waters (0-30 m), 8 in mesophotic ecosystems (30-150 m) and 15 in deeper reefs (>150 m). Combined with literature records of adult pelagic, shallow and deep-reef species, as well as larvae, the database of the fish biodiversity for SPSPA currently comprises 225 species (169 recorded as adult fishes and 79 as larvae, with 23 species found in both stages). Most of them (112) are pelagic, 86 are reef-associated species and 27 are deep-water specialists. Species accumulation curves show that the number of fish species has not yet reached an asymptote. Whereas the number of species recorded in SPSPA is similar to that in other oceanic islands in the Atlantic Ocean, the proportion of shorefishes is relatively lower, and the endemism level is the third highest in the Atlantic. Twenty-nine species are listed as threatened with extinction. Observations confirm the paucity of top predators on shallow rocky reefs of the island, despite the presence of several pelagic shark species around SPSPA. Because all of the endemic species are reef associated, it is argued that the new marine-protected areas created by the Brazilian government do not ensure the protection and recovery of SPSPA's biodiversity because they allow exploitation of the most vulnerable species around the archipelago itself. This study suggests a ban on reef fish exploitation inside an area delimited by the 1000 m isobath around the islands (where all known endemics are concentrated) as the main conservation strategy to be included in the SPSPA management plan being prepared by the Brazilian government.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hudson T Pinheiro
- Department of Ichthyology, California Academy of Sciences, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Bruno C L Macena
- Departamento de Oceanografia e Pescas, Instituto do Mar, Universidade dos Açores, Horta, Portugal
- Departamento de Pesca e Aquicultura, Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil
| | | | - Carlos E L Ferreira
- Departamento de Biologia Marinha, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói, Brazil
| | - Fernanda V Albuquerque
- Departamento de Sistemática e Ecologia, Universidade Federal da ParaíbaI, João Pessoa, Brazil
| | - Natalia P A Bezerra
- Departamento de Pesca e Aquicultura, Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil
| | | | - Romulo C P Ferreira
- Departamento de Pesca e Aquicultura, Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil
| | - Osmar J Luiz
- Research Institute for the Environment and Livelihoods, Charles Darwin University, Darwin, Australia
| | - Thayna J Mello
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia, Centro de Biociências, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil
| | - Sibele A Mendonça
- Departamento de Pesca e Aquicultura, Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil
| | - Diogo M Nunes
- Unidade Acadêmica de Serra Talhada, Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, Serra Talhada, Brazil
| | - Caio R Pimentel
- Departamento de Oceanografia e Ecologia, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Vitória, Brazil
| | - Alessandra M A Pires
- Departamento de Pesca e Aquicultura, Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil
| | - Abilio Soares-Gomes
- Departamento de Biologia Marinha, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói, Brazil
| | - Danielle L Viana
- Departamento de Pesca e Aquicultura, Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil
| | - Fabio H V Hazin
- Departamento de Pesca e Aquicultura, Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil
| | - Luiz A Rocha
- Department of Ichthyology, California Academy of Sciences, San Francisco, California, USA
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11
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Silveira CB, Coutinho FH, Cavalcanti GS, Benler S, Doane MP, Dinsdale EA, Edwards RA, Francini-Filho RB, Thompson CC, Luque A, Rohwer FL, Thompson F. Genomic and ecological attributes of marine bacteriophages encoding bacterial virulence genes. BMC Genomics 2020; 21:126. [PMID: 32024463 PMCID: PMC7003362 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-020-6523-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2019] [Accepted: 01/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Bacteriophages encode genes that modify bacterial functions during infection. The acquisition of phage-encoded virulence genes is a major mechanism for the rise of bacterial pathogens. In coral reefs, high bacterial density and lysogeny has been proposed to exacerbate reef decline through the transfer of phage-encoded virulence genes. However, the functions and distribution of these genes in phage virions on the reef remain unknown. Results Here, over 28,000 assembled viral genomes from the free viral community in Atlantic and Pacific Ocean coral reefs were queried against a curated database of virulence genes. The diversity of virulence genes encoded in the viral genomes was tested for relationships with host taxonomy and bacterial density in the environment. These analyses showed that bacterial density predicted the profile of virulence genes encoded by phages. The Shannon diversity of virulence-encoding phages was negatively related with bacterial density, leading to dominance of fewer genes at high bacterial abundances. A statistical learning analysis showed that reefs with high microbial density were enriched in viruses encoding genes enabling bacterial recognition and invasion of metazoan epithelium. Over 60% of phages could not have their hosts identified due to limitations of host prediction tools; for those which hosts were identified, host taxonomy was not an indicator of the presence of virulence genes. Conclusions This study described bacterial virulence factors encoded in the genomes of bacteriophages at the community level. The results showed that the increase in microbial densities that occurs during coral reef degradation is associated with a change in the genomic repertoire of bacteriophages, specifically in the diversity and distribution of bacterial virulence genes. This suggests that phages are implicated in the rise of pathogens in disturbed marine ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cynthia B Silveira
- Department of Biology, San Diego State University, 5500 Campanile Dr, San Diego, CA, 92182, USA. .,Viral Information Institute, San Diego State University, 5500 Campanile Dr, San Diego, CA, 92182, USA. .,Department of Biology, University of Miami, 1301 Memorial Dr., Coral Gables, FL, 33146, USA.
| | - Felipe H Coutinho
- Departamento de Producción Vegetal y Microbiología, Universidad Miguel Hernández, Apartado 18, 03550, San Juan de Alicante, Spain
| | - Giselle S Cavalcanti
- Department of Biology, San Diego State University, 5500 Campanile Dr, San Diego, CA, 92182, USA.,Viral Information Institute, San Diego State University, 5500 Campanile Dr, San Diego, CA, 92182, USA
| | - Sean Benler
- Department of Biology, San Diego State University, 5500 Campanile Dr, San Diego, CA, 92182, USA.,Viral Information Institute, San Diego State University, 5500 Campanile Dr, San Diego, CA, 92182, USA
| | - Michael P Doane
- Department of Biology, San Diego State University, 5500 Campanile Dr, San Diego, CA, 92182, USA.,Viral Information Institute, San Diego State University, 5500 Campanile Dr, San Diego, CA, 92182, USA.,Sydney Institute of Marine Science, 19 Chowder Bay Rd, Mosman, NSW, 2088, Australia
| | - Elizabeth A Dinsdale
- Department of Biology, San Diego State University, 5500 Campanile Dr, San Diego, CA, 92182, USA.,Viral Information Institute, San Diego State University, 5500 Campanile Dr, San Diego, CA, 92182, USA
| | - Robert A Edwards
- Department of Biology, San Diego State University, 5500 Campanile Dr, San Diego, CA, 92182, USA.,Viral Information Institute, San Diego State University, 5500 Campanile Dr, San Diego, CA, 92182, USA
| | - Ronaldo B Francini-Filho
- Centro de Biologia Marinha, Universidade de São Paulo, Rodovia Manoel Hypólito do Rego, Km 131,50, São Sebastião, SP, 11600-000, Brazil
| | - Cristiane C Thompson
- Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Av. Carlos Chagas Filho, 373, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21941- 599, Brazil
| | - Antoni Luque
- Viral Information Institute, San Diego State University, 5500 Campanile Dr, San Diego, CA, 92182, USA.,Department of Mathematics and Statistics, San Diego State University, 5500 Campanile Dr, San Diego, CA, 92182, USA.,Computational Science Research Center, San Diego State University, 5500 Campanile Dr, San Diego, CA, 92182, USA
| | - Forest L Rohwer
- Department of Biology, San Diego State University, 5500 Campanile Dr, San Diego, CA, 92182, USA.,Viral Information Institute, San Diego State University, 5500 Campanile Dr, San Diego, CA, 92182, USA
| | - Fabiano Thompson
- SAGE/COPPE, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Av. Carlos Chagas Filho, 373, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21941- 599, Brazil
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12
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Pimentel CR, Rocha LA, Shepherd B, Phelps TAY, Joyeux JC, Martins AS, Stein CE, Teixeira JB, Gasparini JL, Reis-Filho JA, Garla RC, Francini-Filho RB, Delfino SDT, Mello TJ, Giarrizzo T, Pinheiro HT. Mesophotic ecosystems at Fernando de Noronha Archipelago, Brazil (South-western Atlantic), reveal unique ichthyofauna and need for conservation. Neotrop ichthyol 2020. [DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-2020-0050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Abstract Although several studies on the ichthyofauna of the Fernando de Noronha Archipelago have been carried out, its mesophotic fish diversity has never been surveyed before. Here we used SCUBA and technical rebreather diving, baited remote underwater videos and remotely operated vehicle to record shallow (≤ 30 m depth) and mesophotic (31 to 150 m depth) fishes. Nineteen fish species belonging to 14 families are reported here as new records, representing an increase of 8.2% in marine fish richness for the region, which now has a total of 250 species and 77 families. These new records include four potential new species and highlight the importance of surveying mesophotic ecosystems, even in well studied sites. Our results also emphasize the need for protection and attention to the unique ichthyofauna found at mesophotic depths.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caio R. Pimentel
- Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Brazil; California Academy of Sciences, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - João B. Teixeira
- Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Brazil; Associação Ambiental Voz da Natureza, Brazil
| | - João Luiz Gasparini
- Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Brazil; Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Hudson T. Pinheiro
- California Academy of Sciences, USA; Associação Ambiental Voz da Natureza, Brazil
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13
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Francini-Filho RB, Cordeiro MC, Omachi CY, Rocha AM, Bahiense L, Garcia GD, Tschoeke D, de Almeida MG, Rangel TP, De Oliveira BCV, de Almeida DQR, Menezes R, Mazzei EF, Joyeux JC, Rezende CE, Thompson CC, Thompson FL. Remote sensing, isotopic composition and metagenomics analyses revealed Doce River ore plume reached the southern Abrolhos Bank Reefs. Sci Total Environ 2019; 697:134038. [PMID: 32380596 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.134038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2019] [Revised: 08/17/2019] [Accepted: 08/20/2019] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
On November 5th, 2015, the Fundão dam rupture released >50 million m3 of ore tailings into the Doce River, Minas Gerais State, Brazil. The huge volume of mud spread along the river and reached the sea, 17 days after the disaster, in Regência, Espírito Santo State (ES). In 2018, after three years of the disaster, the impacts of the ore tailings in the marine environment are still unclear. This study aims to investigate possible short-term impacts in marine biodiversity caused by the ore tailings' mud over the reef ecosystems that are closest to the disaster area: i.e. recently discovered reefs in the southern Abrolhos Bank. A remote sensing surveillance including winds, sea surface temperature, total suspended material and watercolor (MODIS Aqua data) indicated that the iron tailings plume reached the southern portion of Abrolhos Bank on June 16th, 2016. Subsequently, to obtain further evidence of the presence of the tailings in the coral reefs, water samples were collected in a gradient spanning from the river estuary to the reefs in southern Abrolhos Bank, we also analyzed the isotopic and microbial composition of the samples, as well as the reef benthic composition. Despite no clues of negative impact on benthic (coral) communities, isotopic analysis confirmed the presence of the plume over the reefs area. This study serves as a baseline for future long-term impact assessments of the health of coral reefs in the Abrolhos Bank.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ronaldo B Francini-Filho
- Departamento de Engenharia e Meio Ambiente, Universidade Federal da Paraíba, Rio Tinto, Paraíba, Brazil
| | - Marcelle C Cordeiro
- Núcleo Professor Rogerio Valle de Produção Sustentável-SAGE/COPPE, Centro de Gestão Tecnológica-CT2, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Claudia Y Omachi
- Instituto de Biologia, CCS, Laboratório de Microbiologia, Anexo ao Bloco A, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Ilha do Fundão, Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, Brazil
| | - André M Rocha
- Systems Engineering and Computer Science Program at COPPE/UFRJ (Brazil), Avenida Horácio Macedo 2030, Centro de Tecnologia, Bloco H, sala 319, Cidade Universitária, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21941-914, Brazil
| | - Laura Bahiense
- Systems Engineering and Computer Science Program at COPPE/UFRJ (Brazil), Avenida Horácio Macedo 2030, Centro de Tecnologia, Bloco H, sala 319, Cidade Universitária, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21941-914, Brazil
| | - Gizele D Garcia
- Núcleo Professor Rogerio Valle de Produção Sustentável-SAGE/COPPE, Centro de Gestão Tecnológica-CT2, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil; Instituto de Biologia, CCS, Laboratório de Microbiologia, Anexo ao Bloco A, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Ilha do Fundão, Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, Brazil
| | - Diogo Tschoeke
- Núcleo Professor Rogerio Valle de Produção Sustentável-SAGE/COPPE, Centro de Gestão Tecnológica-CT2, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil; Instituto de Biologia, CCS, Laboratório de Microbiologia, Anexo ao Bloco A, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Ilha do Fundão, Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, Brazil
| | - Marcelo G de Almeida
- Laboratório de Ciências Ambientais, Centro de Biociências e Biotecnologia, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense, Av. Alberto Lamego 2000, 28015-620 Campos dos Goytacazes, RJ, Brazil
| | - Thiago P Rangel
- Laboratório de Ciências Ambientais, Centro de Biociências e Biotecnologia, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense, Av. Alberto Lamego 2000, 28015-620 Campos dos Goytacazes, RJ, Brazil
| | - Braulio Cherene Vaz De Oliveira
- Laboratório de Ciências Ambientais, Centro de Biociências e Biotecnologia, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense, Av. Alberto Lamego 2000, 28015-620 Campos dos Goytacazes, RJ, Brazil
| | - Diogo Q R de Almeida
- Laboratório de Ciências Ambientais, Centro de Biociências e Biotecnologia, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense, Av. Alberto Lamego 2000, 28015-620 Campos dos Goytacazes, RJ, Brazil
| | - Rafael Menezes
- Laboratório de Ictiologia, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas (Zoologia), Universidade Federal da Paraíba, Cidade Universitária, João Pessoa, PB, Brazil
| | | | - Jean-Christophe Joyeux
- Departamento de Oceanografia e Ecologia, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Vitória, ES, Brazil
| | - Carlos E Rezende
- Laboratório de Ciências Ambientais, Centro de Biociências e Biotecnologia, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense, Av. Alberto Lamego 2000, 28015-620 Campos dos Goytacazes, RJ, Brazil
| | - Cristiane C Thompson
- Núcleo Professor Rogerio Valle de Produção Sustentável-SAGE/COPPE, Centro de Gestão Tecnológica-CT2, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil; Instituto de Biologia, CCS, Laboratório de Microbiologia, Anexo ao Bloco A, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Ilha do Fundão, Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, Brazil
| | - Fabiano L Thompson
- Núcleo Professor Rogerio Valle de Produção Sustentável-SAGE/COPPE, Centro de Gestão Tecnológica-CT2, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil; Instituto de Biologia, CCS, Laboratório de Microbiologia, Anexo ao Bloco A, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Ilha do Fundão, Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, Brazil.
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14
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Freitas MO, Previero M, Leite JR, Francini-Filho RB, Minte-Vera CV, Moura RL. Age, growth, reproduction and management of Southwestern Atlantic's largest and endangered herbivorous reef fish, Scarus trispinosus Valenciennes, 1840. PeerJ 2019; 7:e7459. [PMID: 31531268 PMCID: PMC6718160 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.7459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2018] [Accepted: 07/11/2019] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The Brazilian-endemic greenbeack parrotfish, Scarus trispinosus Valenciennes, 1840, is the largest herbivorous reef fish in the South Atlantic. Following the sharp decline of large carnivorous reef fishes, parrotfishes (Labridae: Scarinae) were progressively targeted by commercial fisheries in Brazil, resulting in a global population decline of 50% for S. trispinosus. Most of its remnant population is concentrated in the Abrolhos Bank, where the present study was conducted. We present novel information on age, growth and the reproductive cycle of S. trispinosus, based on 814 individuals obtained from commercial fisheries’ landings and scientific collections, between 2010 and 2013. Sex ratio was biased toward females (1:8), and spawning occurred year-round with discrete peaks in February-March and June-December. Increment analysis indicated annual deposition of growth rings in otoliths, which presented 1–22 rings. The asymptotic length at which growth is zero (L∞) was estimated from a Bayesian logistic regression at 85.28 cm, growth rate (K) at 0.14 year−1, and the theoretical age at zero size (t0) at 0.16. Subregional demographic structuring was detected, with predominance of slower-growing individuals in shallower inshore reefs and predominance of faster-growing and older individuals in deeper offshore sites. We demonstrate that S. trispinosus is highly vulnerable to over-exploitation due to its large size, long live and slow-growth, and review the management measures proposed since its Red List assessment in 2012.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matheus O Freitas
- Programa de Pós Graduação em Engenharia Ambiental, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Marília Previero
- Núcleo de Pesquisas em Limnologia, Ictiologia e Aquicultura, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Maringá, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Jonas R Leite
- Instituto de Biologia and SAGE/COPPE, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Ronaldo B Francini-Filho
- Departamento de Engenharia e Meio Ambiente, Universidade Federal da Paraíba, Rio Tinto, Paraiba, Brazil
| | | | - Rodrigo L Moura
- Instituto de Biologia and SAGE/COPPE, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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15
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Grande H, Rezende SDM, Simon TE, Félix-Hackradt FC, García-Charton JA, Maida M, Gaspar ALB, Francini-Filho RB, Fredou T, Ferreira BP. Diversity of settlement-stage reef fishes captured by light-trap in a tropical south-west Atlantic Ocean coastal reef system. J Fish Biol 2019; 94:210-222. [PMID: 30387145 DOI: 10.1111/jfb.13858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2018] [Accepted: 10/30/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
This study reports the results of 5 years of monitoring reef fish post-larvae using light traps in the Bay of Tamandaré, north-east Brazil. An annotated checklist of pre-settlement fish species, their frequency of occurrence and taxonomic characteristics are provided. In total, 4,422 post-larval fishes belonging to 36 families, 56 genera and 76 species were captured. The most species-rich families were Carangidae (7), Lutjanidae (6) and Pomacentridae (4), while the families Gerreidae (30.47%), Holocentridae (16.54%), Blenniidae (12.01%), Labrisomidae (8.36%), Lutjanidae (8.29%) and Acanthuridae (5.95%) were the most abundant. This is the first study of the taxonomic diversity and assemblage structure of settlement-stage reef fishes in the tropical south-west Atlantic Ocean. Although a few common species were not captured due to selectivity of light traps, the composition and taxonomic diversity of this first collection suggests that light traps are useful for studies of the early life history of a wide range of pre-settlement reef fishes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henrique Grande
- Departamento de Oceanografia, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil
| | - Sergio de M Rezende
- Centro Nacional de Pesquisa e Conservação da Biodiversidade Marinha do Nordeste (CEPENE), Tamandaré, Brazil
| | - Thiony E Simon
- Departamento de Oceanografia e Ecologia, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Vitória, Brazil
| | - Fabiana C Félix-Hackradt
- Centro de Formação em Ciências Ambientais - CFCAm, Universidade Federal do Sul da Bahia, Porto Seguro, Brazil
| | - José A García-Charton
- Departament of Ecology and Hydrology, Faculty of Biology, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - Mauro Maida
- Departamento de Oceanografia, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil
| | - Ana L B Gaspar
- Departamento de Oceanografia, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil
| | | | - Thierry Fredou
- Departamento de Pesca e Aquicultura, Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil
| | - Beatrice P Ferreira
- Departamento de Oceanografia, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil
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16
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Ribeiro FV, Sá JA, Fistarol GO, Salomon PS, Pereira RC, Souza MLAM, Neves LM, Amado-Filho GM, Francini-Filho RB, Salgado LT, Bastos AC, Pereira-Filho GH, Moraes FC, Moura RL. Long-term effects of competition and environmental drivers on the growth of the endangered coral Mussismilia braziliensis (Verril, 1867). PeerJ 2018; 6:e5419. [PMID: 30128199 PMCID: PMC6089213 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.5419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2018] [Accepted: 07/22/2018] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Most coral reefs have recently experienced acute changes in benthic community structure, generally involving dominance shifts from slow-growing hard corals to fast-growing benthic invertebrates and fleshy photosynthesizers. Besides overfishing, increased nutrification and sedimentation are important drivers of this process, which is well documented at landscape scales in the Caribbean and in the Indo-Pacific. However, small-scale processes that occur at the level of individual organisms remain poorly explored. In addition, the generality of coral reef decline models still needs to be verified on the vast realm of turbid-zone reefs. Here, we documented the outcome of interactions between an endangered Brazilian-endemic coral (Mussismilia braziliensis) and its most abundant contacting organisms (turf, cyanobacteria, corals, crustose coralline algae and foliose macroalgae). Our study was based on a long (2006-2016) series of high resolution data (fixed photoquadrats) acquired along a cross-shelf gradient that includes coastal unprotected reefs and offshore protected sites. The study region (Abrolhos Bank) comprises the largest and richest coralline complex in the South Atlantic, and a foremost example of a turbid-zone reef system with low diversity and expressive coral cover. Coral growth was significantly different between reefs. Coral-algae contacts predominated inshore, while cyanobacteria and turf contacts dominated offshore. An overall trend in positive coral growth was detected from 2009 onward in the inshore reef, whereas retraction in live coral tissue was observed offshore during this period. Turbidity (+) and cyanobacteria (-) were the best predictors of coral growth. Complimentary incubation experiments, in which treatments of Symbiodinium spp. from M. braziliensis colonies were subjected to cyanobacterial exudates, showed a negative effect of the exudate on the symbionts, demonstrating that cyanobacteria play an important role in coral tissue necrosis. Negative effects of cyanobacteria on living coral tissue may remain undetected from percent cover estimates gathered at larger spatial scales, as these ephemeral organisms tend to be rapidly replaced by longer-living macroalgae, or complex turf-like consortia. The cross-shelf trend of decreasing turbidity and macroalgae abundance suggests either a direct positive effect of turbidity on coral growth, or an indirect effect related to the higher inshore cover of foliose macroalgae, constraining cyanobacterial abundance. It is unclear whether the higher inshore macroalgal abundance (10-20% of reef cover) is a stable phase related to a long-standing high turbidity background, or a contemporary response to anthropogenic stress. Our results challenge the idea that high macroalgal cover is always associated with compromised coral health, as the baselines for turbid zone reefs may derive sharply from those of coral-dominated reefs that dwell under oligotrophic conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felipe V Ribeiro
- Departamento de Geologia (GGO), Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - João A Sá
- Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Giovana O Fistarol
- Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Paulo S Salomon
- Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Renato C Pereira
- Instituto de Pesquisas Jardim Botânico do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Maria Luiza A M Souza
- Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Leonardo M Neves
- Departamento de Ciências do Meio Ambiente, Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, Três Rios, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Gilberto M Amado-Filho
- Instituto de Pesquisas Jardim Botânico do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Ronaldo B Francini-Filho
- Departamento de Engenharia e Meio Ambiente, Universidade Federal da Paraíba, Rio Tinto, Paraíba, Brazil
| | - Leonardo T Salgado
- Instituto de Pesquisas Jardim Botânico do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Alex C Bastos
- Departamento de Oceanografia e Ecologia, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Vitória, Espirito Santo, Brazil
| | | | - Fernando C Moraes
- Instituto de Pesquisas Jardim Botânico do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo L Moura
- Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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17
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Silveira CB, Gregoracci GB, Coutinho FH, Silva GGZ, Haggerty JM, de Oliveira LS, Cabral AS, Rezende CE, Thompson CC, Francini-Filho RB, Edwards RA, Dinsdale EA, Thompson FL. Bacterial Community Associated with the Reef Coral Mussismilia braziliensis's Momentum Boundary Layer over a Diel Cycle. Front Microbiol 2017; 8:784. [PMID: 28588555 PMCID: PMC5438984 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2017.00784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2016] [Accepted: 04/18/2017] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Corals display circadian physiological cycles, changing from autotrophy during the day to heterotrophy during the night. Such physiological transition offers distinct environments to the microbial community associated with corals: an oxygen-rich environment during daylight hours and an oxygen-depleted environment during the night. Most studies of coral reef microbes have been performed on samples taken during the day, representing a bias in the understanding of the composition and function of these communities. We hypothesized that coral circadian physiology alters the composition and function of microbial communities in reef boundary layers. Here, we analyzed microbial communities associated with the momentum boundary layer (MBL) of the Brazilian endemic reef coral Mussismilia braziliensis during a diurnal cycle, and compared them to the water column. We determined microbial abundance and nutrient concentration in samples taken within a few centimeters of the coral's surface every 6 h for 48 h, and sequenced microbial metagenomes from a subset of the samples. We found that dominant taxa and functions in the coral MBL community were stable over the time scale of our sampling, with no significant shifts between night and day samples. Interestingly, the two water column metagenomes sampled 1 m above the corals were also very similar to the MBL metagenomes. When all samples were analyzed together, nutrient concentration significantly explained 40% of the taxonomic dissimilarity among dominant genera in the community. Functional profiles were highly homogenous and not significantly predicted by any environmental variables measured. Our data indicated that water flow may overrule the effects of coral physiology in the MBL bacterial community, at the scale of centimeters, and suggested that sampling resolution at the scale of millimeters may be necessary to address diurnal variation in community composition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cynthia B Silveira
- Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal do Rio de JaneiroRio de Janeiro, Brazil.,Department of Biology, San Diego State UniversitySan Diego, CA, USA
| | | | - Felipe H Coutinho
- Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal do Rio de JaneiroRio de Janeiro, Brazil.,Centre for Molecular and Biomolecular Informatics, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical CentreNijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Genivaldo G Z Silva
- Department of Computational Science, San Diego State UniversitySan Diego, CA, USA
| | - John M Haggerty
- Department of Biology, San Diego State UniversitySan Diego, CA, USA
| | - Louisi S de Oliveira
- Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal do Rio de JaneiroRio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Anderson S Cabral
- Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal do Rio de JaneiroRio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Carlos E Rezende
- Laboratório de Ciências Ambientais, Universidade Estadual do Norte FluminenseCampos dos Goytacazes, Brazil
| | - Cristiane C Thompson
- Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal do Rio de JaneiroRio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | - Robert A Edwards
- Department of Computational Science, San Diego State UniversitySan Diego, CA, USA
| | - Elizabeth A Dinsdale
- Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal do Rio de JaneiroRio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Fabiano L Thompson
- Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal do Rio de JaneiroRio de Janeiro, Brazil.,Laboratório de Sistemas Avançados de Gestão da Produção, COPPE, Universidade Federal do Rio de JaneiroRio de Janeiro, Brazil
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18
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Mazzei EF, Bertoncini AA, Pinheiro HT, Machado LF, Vilar CC, Guabiroba HC, Costa TJF, Bueno LS, Santos LN, Francini-Filho RB, Hostim-Silva M, Joyeux JC. Newly discovered reefs in the southern Abrolhos Bank, Brazil: Anthropogenic impacts and urgent conservation needs. Mar Pollut Bull 2017; 114:123-133. [PMID: 27641110 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2016.08.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2016] [Revised: 08/18/2016] [Accepted: 08/24/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The Abrolhos Bank is an area of high ecological, socio-economic importance and harbour the richest and most-extensive coral reefs in the South Atlantic. Here we report the discovery of shallow (12-25m depth) reef complex with ten large biogenic structures, intermediate between the typical mushroom-shaped pinnacles of the northern Abrolhos Bank (17°-18° S) and the small patch reefs found on the central/southern coast of the Espírito Santo State (19°-20° S). The newly discovered reefs harbour a relatively rich and abundant reef community, with 73 fish and 14 benthic cnidarian species, including endangered and commercially important ones. We discuss on urgent needs of properly mapping and understanding the ecological functioning of this reef system. Information provided here is a baseline for future impact evaluations, particularly considering the recent worst environmental disaster of Brazil from a dam collapse in Doce river that affected the region.
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Affiliation(s)
- E F Mazzei
- Departamento de Oceanografia e Ecologia, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Vitória, ES, Brazil; Associação Ambiental Voz da Natureza, Brazil.
| | - A A Bertoncini
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas (Biodiversidade Neotropical), Universidade Federal do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil; Instituto Meros do Brasil, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - H T Pinheiro
- Departamento de Oceanografia e Ecologia, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Vitória, ES, Brazil; Associação Ambiental Voz da Natureza, Brazil; California Academy of Sciences, San Francisco, CA, USA; Ecology and Evolutionary Biology Department, University of California Santa Cruz, CA, USA
| | - L F Machado
- Instituto Meros do Brasil, Curitiba, PR, Brazil; Departamento de Morfologia, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Botucatu, SP, Brazil
| | - C C Vilar
- Departamento de Oceanografia e Ecologia, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Vitória, ES, Brazil
| | - H C Guabiroba
- Departamento de Oceanografia e Ecologia, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Vitória, ES, Brazil
| | - T J F Costa
- Associação Ambiental Voz da Natureza, Brazil
| | - L S Bueno
- Instituto Meros do Brasil, Curitiba, PR, Brazil; Instituto COMAR-Conservação Marinha do Brasil, Joinville, SC, Brazil
| | - L N Santos
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas (Biodiversidade Neotropical), Universidade Federal do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - R B Francini-Filho
- Centro de Ciências Aplicadas e Educacão, Universidade Federal da Paraíba, Rio Tinto, PB, Brazil
| | - M Hostim-Silva
- Instituto Meros do Brasil, Curitiba, PR, Brazil; Centro Universitário Norte do Espírito Santo, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, São Mateus, ES, Brazil
| | - J-C Joyeux
- Departamento de Oceanografia e Ecologia, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Vitória, ES, Brazil
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19
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Freitas MO, Abilhoa V, Spach HL, Minte-Vera CV, Francini-Filho RB, Kaufman L, Moura RL. Feeding ecology of two sympatric species of large-sized groupers (Perciformes: Epinephelidae) on Southwestern Atlantic coralline reefs. Neotrop ichthyol 2017. [DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20160047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Red and black groupers are large-bodied opportunistic ambush predators commonly found in Southwestern Atlantic tropical reefs. We investigated the diet of both species in order to detail ontogenetic, spatial and temporal trends, and to assess the extent of overlap in resource use between these two sympatric predators on the Abrolhos Bank, Brazil. Decapods and fishes were the main food items of Epinephelus morio while fishes were the main prey of Mycteroperca bonaci. Both diets were significantly influenced by body size and habitat, but only smaller individuals of E. morio feed almost exclusively on crustaceans. While the two groupers rely on many of the same prey types, coexistence may be facilitated by E. morio feeding more heavily on crustaceans, particularly the blackpoint sculling crab Cronius ruber, while black grouper take comparatively few crustaceans but lots of fish prey. Predators like red and black groupers could trigger indirect effects in the community and influence a large range of ecological processes, such as linkages between top and intermediate predators, and intermediate predators and their resources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matheus O. Freitas
- Universidade Federal do Paraná, Brazil; Museu de História Natural Capão da Imbuia, Brazil
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20
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Simon T, Pinheiro HT, Moura RL, Carvalho-Filho A, Rocha LA, Martins AS, Mazzei E, Francini-Filho RB, Amado-Filho GM, Joyeux JC. Mesophotic fishes of the Abrolhos Shelf, the largest reef ecosystem in the South Atlantic. J Fish Biol 2016; 89:990-1001. [PMID: 27094882 DOI: 10.1111/jfb.12967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2015] [Accepted: 02/26/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Fishes inhabiting rhodolith beds and reefs at mesophotic depths on the Abrolhos Shelf, which encompasses the largest and richest coral reef formation in the South Atlantic Ocean, were assessed through technical diving and remotely operated vehicles (ROVs). A total of 74 fish species were recorded, including at least one new species, one new record for the south-western Atlantic and six new records for the Abrolhos region. Overfishing, mining and port activities are already threatening many endangered and commercially important species recorded on the mesophotic reefs of Abrolhos Shelf, and the establishment of marine protected areas and off-reserve fisheries regulations are urgently needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Simon
- Departamento de Oceanografia e Ecologia, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Av. Fernando Ferrari 514, Goiabeiras, Vitória, ES, 29075-910, Brazil
| | - H T Pinheiro
- California Academy of Sciences, 55 Music Concourse Drive, Golden Gate Park, San Francisco, CA, 94118, U.S.A
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California Santa Cruz, 100 Shaffer Road, Santa Cruz, CA, 95060, U.S.A
| | - R L Moura
- Instituto de Biologia and SAGE/COPPE, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21944-970, Brazil
| | - A Carvalho-Filho
- Fish Bizz Ltda., Rua Moncorvo Filho 51, São Paulo, SP, 05507-060, Brazil
| | - L A Rocha
- California Academy of Sciences, 55 Music Concourse Drive, Golden Gate Park, San Francisco, CA, 94118, U.S.A
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California Santa Cruz, 100 Shaffer Road, Santa Cruz, CA, 95060, U.S.A
| | - A S Martins
- Departamento de Oceanografia e Ecologia, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Av. Fernando Ferrari 514, Goiabeiras, Vitória, ES, 29075-910, Brazil
| | - E Mazzei
- Departamento de Oceanografia e Ecologia, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Av. Fernando Ferrari 514, Goiabeiras, Vitória, ES, 29075-910, Brazil
| | - R B Francini-Filho
- Departamento de Engenharia e Meio Ambiente, Universidade Federal da Paraíba, Rio Tinto, PB, 58109-753, Brazil
| | - G M Amado-Filho
- Instituto de Pesquisas Jardim Botânico do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 22460-030, Brazil
| | - J-C Joyeux
- Departamento de Oceanografia e Ecologia, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Av. Fernando Ferrari 514, Goiabeiras, Vitória, ES, 29075-910, Brazil
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21
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Moura RL, Amado-Filho GM, Moraes FC, Brasileiro PS, Salomon PS, Mahiques MM, Bastos AC, Almeida MG, Silva JM, Araujo BF, Brito FP, Rangel TP, Oliveira BCV, Bahia RG, Paranhos RP, Dias RJS, Siegle E, Figueiredo AG, Pereira RC, Leal CV, Hajdu E, Asp NE, Gregoracci GB, Neumann-Leitão S, Yager PL, Francini-Filho RB, Fróes A, Campeão M, Silva BS, Moreira APB, Oliveira L, Soares AC, Araujo L, Oliveira NL, Teixeira JB, Valle RAB, Thompson CC, Rezende CE, Thompson FL. An extensive reef system at the Amazon River mouth. Sci Adv 2016; 2:e1501252. [PMID: 27152336 PMCID: PMC4846441 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.1501252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2015] [Accepted: 03/25/2016] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Large rivers create major gaps in reef distribution along tropical shelves. The Amazon River represents 20% of the global riverine discharge to the ocean, generating up to a 1.3 × 10(6)-km(2) plume, and extensive muddy bottoms in the equatorial margin of South America. As a result, a wide area of the tropical North Atlantic is heavily affected in terms of salinity, pH, light penetration, and sedimentation. Such unfavorable conditions were thought to imprint a major gap in Western Atlantic reefs. We present an extensive carbonate system off the Amazon mouth, underneath the river plume. Significant carbonate sedimentation occurred during lowstand sea level, and still occurs in the outer shelf, resulting in complex hard-bottom topography. A permanent near-bottom wedge of ocean water, together with the seasonal nature of the plume's eastward retroflection, conditions the existence of this extensive (~9500 km(2)) hard-bottom mosaic. The Amazon reefs transition from accretive to erosional structures and encompass extensive rhodolith beds. Carbonate structures function as a connectivity corridor for wide depth-ranging reef-associated species, being heavily colonized by large sponges and other structure-forming filter feeders that dwell under low light and high levels of particulates. The oxycline between the plume and subplume is associated with chemoautotrophic and anaerobic microbial metabolisms. The system described here provides several insights about the responses of tropical reefs to suboptimal and marginal reef-building conditions, which are accelerating worldwide due to global changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodrigo L. Moura
- Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro RJ CEP 21941-599, Brazil
- Laboratório de Sistemas Avançados de Gestão da Produção, Instituto Alberto Luiz Coimbra de Pós-Graduação e Pesquisa de Engenharia, COPPE, UFRJ, Rio de Janeiro RJ CEP 21941-972, Brazil
| | - Gilberto M. Amado-Filho
- Instituto de Pesquisas Jardim Botânico do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro RJ CEP 22460-030, Brazil
| | - Fernando C. Moraes
- Instituto de Pesquisas Jardim Botânico do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro RJ CEP 22460-030, Brazil
- Museu Nacional, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro RJ 20940-040, Brazil
| | - Poliana S. Brasileiro
- Instituto de Pesquisas Jardim Botânico do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro RJ CEP 22460-030, Brazil
| | - Paulo S. Salomon
- Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro RJ CEP 21941-599, Brazil
- Laboratório de Sistemas Avançados de Gestão da Produção, Instituto Alberto Luiz Coimbra de Pós-Graduação e Pesquisa de Engenharia, COPPE, UFRJ, Rio de Janeiro RJ CEP 21941-972, Brazil
| | - Michel M. Mahiques
- Instituto Oceanográfico, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo SP CEP 05508-120, Brazil
| | - Alex C. Bastos
- Departamento de Oceanografia, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Vitória ES CEP 29199-970, Brazil
| | - Marcelo G. Almeida
- Laboratório de Ciências Ambientais, Centro de Biociências e Biotecnologia, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense, Campos dos Goytacazes RJ CEP 28013-602, Brazil
| | - Jomar M. Silva
- Laboratório de Ciências Ambientais, Centro de Biociências e Biotecnologia, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense, Campos dos Goytacazes RJ CEP 28013-602, Brazil
| | - Beatriz F. Araujo
- Laboratório de Ciências Ambientais, Centro de Biociências e Biotecnologia, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense, Campos dos Goytacazes RJ CEP 28013-602, Brazil
| | - Frederico P. Brito
- Laboratório de Ciências Ambientais, Centro de Biociências e Biotecnologia, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense, Campos dos Goytacazes RJ CEP 28013-602, Brazil
| | - Thiago P. Rangel
- Laboratório de Ciências Ambientais, Centro de Biociências e Biotecnologia, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense, Campos dos Goytacazes RJ CEP 28013-602, Brazil
| | - Braulio C. V. Oliveira
- Laboratório de Ciências Ambientais, Centro de Biociências e Biotecnologia, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense, Campos dos Goytacazes RJ CEP 28013-602, Brazil
| | - Ricardo G. Bahia
- Instituto de Pesquisas Jardim Botânico do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro RJ CEP 22460-030, Brazil
| | - Rodolfo P. Paranhos
- Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro RJ CEP 21941-599, Brazil
| | - Rodolfo J. S. Dias
- Instituto Oceanográfico, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo SP CEP 05508-120, Brazil
| | - Eduardo Siegle
- Instituto Oceanográfico, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo SP CEP 05508-120, Brazil
| | - Alberto G. Figueiredo
- Instituto de Geociências, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói RJ CEP 24210-346, Brazil
| | - Renato C. Pereira
- Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói RJ CEP 24210-130, Brazil
| | - Camille V. Leal
- Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro RJ CEP 21941-599, Brazil
- Museu Nacional, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro RJ 20940-040, Brazil
| | - Eduardo Hajdu
- Museu Nacional, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro RJ 20940-040, Brazil
| | - Nils E. Asp
- Instituto de Estudos Costeiros, Universidade Federal do Pará, Bragança PA CEP 68600-000, Brazil
| | - Gustavo B. Gregoracci
- Departmento de Ciências do Mar, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Santos SP CEP 11070-100, Brazil
| | - Sigrid Neumann-Leitão
- Departamento de Oceanografia, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife PE CEP 50670-901, Brazil
| | - Patricia L. Yager
- Department of Marine Sciences, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602–2626, USA
| | | | - Adriana Fróes
- Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro RJ CEP 21941-599, Brazil
| | - Mariana Campeão
- Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro RJ CEP 21941-599, Brazil
| | - Bruno S. Silva
- Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro RJ CEP 21941-599, Brazil
| | - Ana P. B. Moreira
- Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro RJ CEP 21941-599, Brazil
| | - Louisi Oliveira
- Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro RJ CEP 21941-599, Brazil
| | - Ana C. Soares
- Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro RJ CEP 21941-599, Brazil
| | - Lais Araujo
- Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro RJ CEP 21941-599, Brazil
| | - Nara L. Oliveira
- Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz, Ilhéus, BA CEP 45650-000, Brazil
| | - João B. Teixeira
- Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz, Ilhéus, BA CEP 45650-000, Brazil
| | - Rogerio A. B. Valle
- Laboratório de Sistemas Avançados de Gestão da Produção, Instituto Alberto Luiz Coimbra de Pós-Graduação e Pesquisa de Engenharia, COPPE, UFRJ, Rio de Janeiro RJ CEP 21941-972, Brazil
| | - Cristiane C. Thompson
- Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro RJ CEP 21941-599, Brazil
| | - Carlos E. Rezende
- Laboratório de Ciências Ambientais, Centro de Biociências e Biotecnologia, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense, Campos dos Goytacazes RJ CEP 28013-602, Brazil
- Corresponding author: E-mail: (F.L.T.); (C.E.R.)
| | - Fabiano L. Thompson
- Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro RJ CEP 21941-599, Brazil
- Laboratório de Sistemas Avançados de Gestão da Produção, Instituto Alberto Luiz Coimbra de Pós-Graduação e Pesquisa de Engenharia, COPPE, UFRJ, Rio de Janeiro RJ CEP 21941-972, Brazil
- Corresponding author: E-mail: (F.L.T.); (C.E.R.)
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Moreira APB, Meirelles PM, Santos EDO, Amado-Filho GM, Francini-Filho RB, Thompson CC, Thompson FL. Turbulence-driven shifts in holobionts and planktonic microbial assemblages in St. Peter and St. Paul Archipelago, Mid-Atlantic Ridge, Brazil. Front Microbiol 2015; 6:1038. [PMID: 26483769 PMCID: PMC4591530 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2015.01038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2015] [Accepted: 09/11/2015] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the planktonic and the holobiont Madracis decactis (Scleractinia) microbial diversity along a turbulence-driven upwelling event, in the world's most isolated tropical island, St Peter and St Paul Archipelago (SPSPA, Brazil). Twenty one metagenomes were obtained for seawater (N = 12), healthy and bleached holobionts (N = 9) before, during and after the episode of high seawater turbulence and upwelling. Microbial assemblages differed between low turbulence-low nutrient (LLR) and high-turbulence-high nutrient (HHR) regimes in seawater. During LLR there was a balance between autotrophy and heterotrophy in the bacterioplankton and the ratio cyanobacteria:heterotrophs ~1 (C:H). Prochlorales, unclassified Alphaproteobacteria and Euryarchaeota were the dominant bacteria and archaea, respectively. Basic metabolisms and cyanobacterial phages characterized the LLR. During HHR C:H < < 0.05 and Gammaproteobacteria approximated 50% of the most abundant organisms in seawater. Alteromonadales, Oceanospirillales, and Thaumarchaeota were the dominant bacteria and archaea. Prevailing metabolisms were related to membrane transport, virulence, disease, and defense. Phages targeting heterotrophs and virulence factor genes characterized HHR. Shifts were also observed in coral microbiomes, according to both annotation–indepent and -dependent methods. HHR bleached corals metagenomes were the most dissimilar and could be distinguished by their di- and tetranucleotides frequencies, Iron Acquision metabolism and virulence genes, such as V. cholerae-related virulence factors. The healthy coral holobiont was shown to be less sensitive to transient seawater-related perturbations than the diseased animals. A conceptual model for the turbulence-induced shifts is put forward.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Paula B Moreira
- Laboratory of Microbiology, Institute of Biology, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Pedro M Meirelles
- Laboratory of Microbiology, Institute of Biology, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Eidy de O Santos
- Fundação Centro Universitário Estadual da Zona Oeste (Uezo) Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Gilberto M Amado-Filho
- Diretoria de Pesquisa Científica, Instituto de Pesquisas Jardim Botânico do Rio de Janeiro Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | - Cristiane C Thompson
- Laboratory of Microbiology, Institute of Biology, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Fabiano L Thompson
- Laboratory of Microbiology, Institute of Biology, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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23
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Meirelles PM, Amado-Filho GM, Pereira-Filho GH, Pinheiro HT, de Moura RL, Joyeux JC, Mazzei EF, Bastos AC, Edwards RA, Dinsdale E, Paranhos R, Santos EO, Iida T, Gotoh K, Nakamura S, Sawabe T, Rezende CE, Gadelha LMR, Francini-Filho RB, Thompson C, Thompson FL. Baseline Assessment of Mesophotic Reefs of the Vitória-Trindade Seamount Chain Based on Water Quality, Microbial Diversity, Benthic Cover and Fish Biomass Data. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0130084. [PMID: 26090804 PMCID: PMC4474894 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0130084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2014] [Accepted: 05/15/2015] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Seamounts are considered important sources of biodiversity and minerals. However, their biodiversity and health status are not well understood; therefore, potential conservation problems are unknown. The mesophotic reefs of the Vitória-Trindade Seamount Chain (VTC) were investigated via benthic community and fish surveys, metagenomic and water chemistry analyses, and water microbial abundance estimations. The VTC is a mosaic of reef systems and includes fleshy algae dominated rhodolith beds, crustose coralline algae (CCA) reefs, and turf algae dominated rocky reefs of varying health levels. Macro-carnivores and larger fish presented higher biomass at the CCA reefs (4.4 kg per frame) than in the rhodolith beds and rocky reefs (0.0 to 0.1 kg per frame). A larger number of metagenomic sequences identified as primary producers (e.g., Chlorophyta and Streptophyta) were found at the CCA reefs. However, the rocky reefs contained more diseased corals (>90%) than the CCA reefs (~40%) and rhodolith beds (~10%). Metagenomic analyses indicated a heterotrophic and fast-growing microbiome in rocky reef corals that may possibly lead to unhealthy conditions possibly enhanced by environmental features (e.g. light stress and high loads of labile dissolved organic carbon). VTC mounts represent important hotspots of biodiversity that deserve further conservation actions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pedro M. Meirelles
- Institute of Biology and SAGE-COPPE, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | | | - Hudson T. Pinheiro
- Department of Ichthyology, California Academy of Sciences, San Francisco, CA, United States of America
- Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California Santa Cruz, CA, United States of America
- Department of Oceanography and Ecology, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Vitória, Espírito Santo, Brazil
- Associação Ambiental Voz da Natureza, Av Cel. Schwab Filho 104/501, Vitória, Espírito Santo 29050–780, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo L. de Moura
- Institute of Biology and SAGE-COPPE, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Jean-Christophe Joyeux
- Department of Oceanography and Ecology, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Vitória, Espírito Santo, Brazil
| | - Eric F. Mazzei
- Department of Oceanography and Ecology, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Vitória, Espírito Santo, Brazil
- Associação Ambiental Voz da Natureza, Av Cel. Schwab Filho 104/501, Vitória, Espírito Santo 29050–780, Brazil
| | - Alex C. Bastos
- Department of Oceanography and Ecology, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Vitória, Espírito Santo, Brazil
| | - Robert A. Edwards
- Institute of Biology and SAGE-COPPE, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Elizabeth Dinsdale
- Institute of Biology and SAGE-COPPE, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Rodolfo Paranhos
- Institute of Biology and SAGE-COPPE, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Eidy O. Santos
- Division of Metrology Applied to Life Science (DIMAV), National Institute of Technology, Quality and Metrology (INMETRO), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Tetsuya Iida
- Laboratory of Genomic Research on Pathogenic Bacteria, International Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Suita, Japan
| | - Kazuyoshi Gotoh
- Department of Infection Metagenomics, Genome Information Research Center, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Suita, Japan
| | - Shota Nakamura
- Department of Infection Metagenomics, Genome Information Research Center, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Suita, Japan
| | - Tomoo Sawabe
- Laboratory of Microbiology, Faculty of Fisheries Sciences, Hokkaido University, 3-1-1 Minato-cho, Hakodate 041, Japan
| | - Carlos E. Rezende
- Environmental Sciences Laboratory (LCA), Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense (UENF), Campos dos Goytacazes, Brazil
| | - Luiz M. R. Gadelha
- National Laboratory for Scientific Computing (LNCC), Petrópolis, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | - Cristiane Thompson
- Institute of Biology and SAGE-COPPE, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Fabiano L. Thompson
- Institute of Biology and SAGE-COPPE, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- * E-mail:
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24
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Silveira CB, Silva-Lima AW, Francini-Filho RB, Marques JS, Almeida MG, Thompson CC, Rezende CE, Paranhos R, Moura RL, Salomon PS, Thompson FL. Microbial and sponge loops modify fish production in phase-shifting coral reefs. Environ Microbiol 2015; 17:3832-46. [DOI: 10.1111/1462-2920.12851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2014] [Revised: 03/17/2015] [Accepted: 03/17/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Cynthia B. Silveira
- Instituto de Biologia; Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro; Rio de Janeiro Brasil
| | - Arthur W. Silva-Lima
- Instituto de Biologia; Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro; Rio de Janeiro Brasil
| | | | - Jomar S.M. Marques
- Laboratório de Ciências Ambientais; Universidade Estadual Norte Fluminense; Rio de Janeiro Brasil
| | - Marcelo G. Almeida
- Laboratório de Ciências Ambientais; Universidade Estadual Norte Fluminense; Rio de Janeiro Brasil
| | - Cristiane C. Thompson
- Instituto de Biologia; Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro; Rio de Janeiro Brasil
| | - Carlos E. Rezende
- Laboratório de Ciências Ambientais; Universidade Estadual Norte Fluminense; Rio de Janeiro Brasil
| | - Rodolfo Paranhos
- Instituto de Biologia; Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro; Rio de Janeiro Brasil
| | - Rodrigo L. Moura
- Instituto de Biologia; Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro; Rio de Janeiro Brasil
| | - Paulo S. Salomon
- Instituto de Biologia; Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro; Rio de Janeiro Brasil
| | - Fabiano L. Thompson
- Instituto de Biologia; Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro; Rio de Janeiro Brasil
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Rua CPJ, Gregoracci GB, Santos EO, Soares AC, Francini-Filho RB, Thompson F. Potential metabolic strategies of widely distributed holobionts in the oceanic archipelago of St Peter and St Paul (Brazil). FEMS Microbiol Ecol 2015; 91:fiv043. [PMID: 25873456 DOI: 10.1093/femsec/fiv043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/04/2015] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Sponges are one of the most complex symbiotic communities and while the taxonomic composition of associated microbes has been determined, the biggest challenge now is to uncover their functional role in symbiosis. We investigated the microbiota of two widely distributed sponge species, regarding both their taxonomic composition and their functional roles. Samples of Didiscus oxeata and Scopalina ruetzleri were collected in the oceanic archipelago of St Peter and St Paul and analysed through metagenomics. Sequences generated by 454 pyrosequencing and Ion Torrent were taxonomically and functionally annotated on the MG-RAST server using the GenBank and SEED databases, respectively. Both communities exhibit equivalence in core functions, interestingly played by the most abundant taxa in each community. Conversely, the microbial communities differ in composition, taxonomic diversity and potential metabolic strategies. Functional annotation indirectly suggests differences in preferential pathways of carbon, nitrogen and sulphur metabolisms, which may indicate different metabolic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cintia P J Rua
- Av. Carlos Chagas Filho, s/nº - CCS - Instituto de Biologia, Lab de Microbiologia - Bloco A (Anexo) A3 - sl 102, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, CEP 21941-599, Brazil
| | - Gustavo B Gregoracci
- Av. Alm. Saldanha da Gama, 89 - Departamento de Ciências do Mar, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), Santos, CEP 11030-400, Brazil
| | - Eidy O Santos
- Av. Nossa Senhora das Graças, 50 - Divisão de Metrologia Aplicada a Ciências da Vida (DIMAV), Instituto Nacional de Metrologia, Normalização e Qualidade Industrial (INMETRO), Xerém, CEP 25250-020, Brazil
| | - Ana Carolina Soares
- Av. Carlos Chagas Filho, s/nº - CCS - Instituto de Biologia, Lab de Microbiologia - Bloco A (Anexo) A3 - sl 102, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, CEP 21941-599, Brazil
| | - Ronaldo B Francini-Filho
- Rua da Mangueira, s/nº - Centro de Ciências Aplicadas e Educação, Departamento de Engenharia e Meio Ambiente, Campus IV - Litoral Norte - Universidade Federal da Paraíba (UFPB), Rio Tinto, PB, CEP 58297-000, Brazil
| | - Fabiano Thompson
- Av. Carlos Chagas Filho, s/nº - CCS - Instituto de Biologia, Lab de Microbiologia - Bloco A (Anexo) A3 - sl 102, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, CEP 21941-599, Brazil
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26
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Pinheiro HT, Mazzei E, Moura RL, Amado-Filho GM, Carvalho-Filho A, Braga AC, Costa PAS, Ferreira BP, Ferreira CEL, Floeter SR, Francini-Filho RB, Gasparini JL, Macieira RM, Martins AS, Olavo G, Pimentel CR, Rocha LA, Sazima I, Simon T, Teixeira JB, Xavier LB, Joyeux JC. Fish biodiversity of the Vitória-Trindade Seamount Chain, southwestern Atlantic: an updated database. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0118180. [PMID: 25738798 PMCID: PMC4349783 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0118180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2014] [Accepted: 01/08/2015] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite a strong increase in research on seamounts and oceanic islands ecology and biogeography, many basic aspects of their biodiversity are still unknown. In the southwestern Atlantic, the Vitória-Trindade Seamount Chain (VTC) extends ca. 1,200 km offshore the Brazilian continental shelf, from the Vitória seamount to the oceanic islands of Trindade and Martin Vaz. For a long time, most of the biological information available regarded its islands. Our study presents and analyzes an extensive database on the VTC fish biodiversity, built on data compiled from literature and recent scientific expeditions that assessed both shallow to mesophotic environments. A total of 273 species were recorded, 211 of which occur on seamounts and 173 at the islands. New records for seamounts or islands include 191 reef fish species and 64 depth range extensions. The structure of fish assemblages was similar between islands and seamounts, not differing in species geographic distribution, trophic composition, or spawning strategies. Main differences were related to endemism, higher at the islands, and to the number of endangered species, higher at the seamounts. Since unregulated fishing activities are common in the region, and mining activities are expected to drastically increase in the near future (carbonates on seamount summits and metals on slopes), this unique biodiversity needs urgent attention and management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hudson T. Pinheiro
- Departamento de Oceanografia e Ecologia, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Vitória, ES, Brazil
| | - Eric Mazzei
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia e Conservação da Biodiversidade, Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz, Ilhéus, BA, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo L. Moura
- Instituto de Biologia and SAGE/COPPE, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | | | | | - Adriana C. Braga
- Departamento de Ecologia e Recursos Marinhos, Universidade Federal do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Paulo A. S. Costa
- Departamento de Ecologia e Recursos Marinhos, Universidade Federal do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Beatrice P. Ferreira
- Departamento de Oceanografia, Universidade Federal do Pernambuco, Recife, PE, Brazil
| | | | - Sergio R. Floeter
- Departamento de Ecologia e Zoologia, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | | | - João Luiz Gasparini
- Departamento de Oceanografia e Ecologia, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Vitória, ES, Brazil
| | - Raphael M. Macieira
- Departamento de Oceanografia e Ecologia, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Vitória, ES, Brazil
| | - Agnaldo S. Martins
- Departamento de Oceanografia e Ecologia, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Vitória, ES, Brazil
| | - George Olavo
- Laboratório de Biologia Pesqueira, Universidade Estadual de Feira de Santana, BA, Brazil
| | - Caio R. Pimentel
- Departamento de Oceanografia e Ecologia, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Vitória, ES, Brazil
| | - Luiz A. Rocha
- California Academy of Sciences, San Francisco, California, United States of America
| | - Ivan Sazima
- Museu de Zoologia, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Thiony Simon
- Departamento de Oceanografia e Ecologia, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Vitória, ES, Brazil
| | - João Batista Teixeira
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia e Conservação da Biodiversidade, Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz, Ilhéus, BA, Brazil
| | - Lucas B. Xavier
- Departamento de Oceanografia e Ecologia, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Vitória, ES, Brazil
| | - Jean-Christophe Joyeux
- Departamento de Oceanografia e Ecologia, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Vitória, ES, Brazil
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Chimetto Tonon LA, Silva BSDO, Moreira APB, Valle C, Alves N, Cavalcanti G, Garcia G, Lopes RM, Francini-Filho RB, de Moura RL, Thompson CC, Thompson FL. Diversity and ecological structure of vibrios in benthic and pelagic habitats along a latitudinal gradient in the Southwest Atlantic Ocean. PeerJ 2015; 3:e741. [PMID: 25699199 PMCID: PMC4327252 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2014] [Accepted: 01/05/2015] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
We analyzed the diversity and population structure of the 775 Vibrio isolates from different locations of the southwestern Atlantic Ocean (SAO), including St. Peter and St. Paul Archipelago (SPSPA), Abrolhos Bank (AB) and the St. Sebastian region (SS), between 2005 and 2010. In this study, 195 novel isolates, obtained from seawater and major benthic organisms (rhodoliths and corals), were compared with a collection of 580 isolates previously characterized (available at www.taxvibrio.lncc.br). The isolates were distributed in 8 major habitat spectra according to AdaptML analysis on the basis of pyrH phylogenetic reconstruction and ecological information, such as isolation source (i.e., corals: Madracis decactis, Mussismilia braziliensis, M. hispida, Phyllogorgia dilatata, Scolymia wellsi; zoanthids: Palythoa caribaeorum, P. variabilis and Zoanthus solanderi; fireworm: Hermodice carunculata; rhodolith; water and sediment) and sampling site regions (SPSPA, AB and SS). Ecologically distinct groups were discerned through AdaptML, which finds phylogenetic groups that are significantly different in their spectra of habitat preferences. Some habitat spectra suggested ecological specialization, with habitat spectra 2, 3, and 4 corresponding to specialization on SPSPA, AB, and SS, respectively. This match between habitat and location may reflect a minor exchange of Vibrio populations between geographically isolated benthic systems. Moreover, we found several widespread Vibrio species predominantly from water column, and different populations of a single Vibrio species from H. carunculata in ecologically distinct groups (H-1 and H-8 respectively). On the other hand, AdaptML detected phylogenetic groups that are found in both the benthos and in open water. The ecological grouping observed suggests dispersal and connectivity between the benthic and pelagic systems in AB. This study is a first attempt to characterize the biogeographic distribution of vibrios in both seawater and several benthic hosts in the SAO. The benthopelagic coupling observed here stands out the importance of vibrios in the global ocean health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luciane A. Chimetto Tonon
- Laboratory of Microbiology, Institute of Biology, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Brazilian Biosciences National Laboratory (LNBio), National Research Center Energy and Materials (CNPEM), Campinas, Brazil
| | - Bruno Sergio de O. Silva
- Laboratory of Microbiology, Institute of Biology, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Ana Paula B. Moreira
- Laboratory of Microbiology, Institute of Biology, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Cecilia Valle
- Laboratory of Microbiology, Institute of Biology, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Nelson Alves
- Laboratory of Microbiology, Institute of Biology, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Giselle Cavalcanti
- Laboratory of Microbiology, Institute of Biology, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Gizele Garcia
- Laboratory of Microbiology, Institute of Biology, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Rubens M. Lopes
- Institute of Oceanography, University of São Paulo (IO-USP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ronaldo B. Francini-Filho
- Department of Environment and Engineering, Federal University of Paraíba (UFPB), Rio Tinto, PB, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo L. de Moura
- Laboratory of Microbiology, Institute of Biology, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Cristiane C. Thompson
- Laboratory of Microbiology, Institute of Biology, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Fabiano L. Thompson
- Laboratory of Microbiology, Institute of Biology, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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Fernando SC, Wang J, Sparling K, Garcia GD, Francini-Filho RB, de Moura RL, Paranhos R, Thompson FL, Thompson JR. Microbiota of the major South Atlantic reef building coral Mussismilia. Microb Ecol 2015; 69:267-280. [PMID: 25213651 DOI: 10.1007/s00248-014-0474-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2014] [Accepted: 07/25/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The Brazilian endemic scleractinian corals, genus Mussismilia, are among the main reef builders of the South Atlantic and are threatened by accelerating rates of disease. To better understand how holobiont microbial populations interact with corals during health and disease and to evaluate whether selective pressures in the holobiont or neutral assembly shape microbial composition, we have examined the microbiota structure of Mussismilia corals according to coral lineage, environment, and disease/health status. Microbiota of three Mussismilia species (Mussismilia harttii, Mussismilia hispida, and Mussismilia braziliensis) was compared using 16S rRNA pyrosequencing and clone library analysis of coral fragments. Analysis of biological triplicates per Mussismilia species and reef site allowed assessment of variability among Mussismilia species and between sites for M. braziliensis. From 173,487 V6 sequences, 6,733 coral- and 1,052 water-associated operational taxonomic units (OTUs) were observed. M. braziliensis microbiota was more similar across reefs than to other Mussismilia species microbiota from the same reef. Highly prevalent OTUs were more significantly structured by coral lineage and were enriched in Alpha- and Gammaproteobacteria. Bacterial OTUs from healthy corals were recovered from a M. braziliensis skeleton sample at twice the frequency of recovery from water or a diseased coral suggesting the skeleton is a significant habitat for microbial populations in the holobiont. Diseased corals were enriched with pathogens and opportunists (Vibrios, Bacteroidetes, Thalassomonas, and SRB). Our study examines for the first time intra- and inter-specific variability of microbiota across the genus Mussismilia. Changes in microbiota may be useful indicators of coral health and thus be a valuable tool for coral reef management and conservation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samodha C Fernando
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Room 48-331, 15 Vassar Street, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
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Moreira APB, Duytschaever G, Chimetto Tonon LA, Fróes AM, de Oliveira LS, Amado-Filho GM, Francini-Filho RB, De Vos P, Swings J, Thompson CC, Thompson FL. Photobacterium sanctipauli sp. nov. isolated from bleached Madracis decactis (Scleractinia) in the St Peter & St Paul Archipelago, Mid-Atlantic Ridge, Brazil. PeerJ 2014; 2:e427. [PMID: 25024905 PMCID: PMC4081156 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2014] [Accepted: 05/22/2014] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Five novel strains of Photobacterium (A-394T, A-373, A-379, A-397 and A-398) were isolated from bleached coral Madracis decactis (scleractinian) in the remote St Peter & St Archipelago (SPSPA), Mid-Atlantic Ridge, Brazil. Healthy M. decactis specimens were also surveyed, but no strains were related to them. The novel isolates formed a distinct lineage based on the 16S rRNA, recA, and rpoA gene sequences analysis. Their closest phylogenetic neighbours were Photobacterium rosenbergii, P. gaetbulicola, and P. lutimaris, sharing 96.6 to 95.8% 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity. The novel species can be differentiated from the closest neighbours by several phenotypic and chemotaxonomic markers. It grows at pH 11, produces tryptophane deaminase, presents the fatty acid C18:0, but lacks C16:0 iso. The whole cell protein profile, based in MALDI-TOF MS, distinguished the strains of the novel species among each other and from the closest neighbors. In addition, we are releasing the whole genome sequence of the type strain. The name Photobacterium sanctipauli sp. nov. is proposed for this taxon. The G + C content of the type strain A-394(T) (= LMG27910(T) = CAIM1892(T)) is 48.2 mol%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Paula B Moreira
- Institute of Biology, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ) , Rio de Janeiro , Brazil
| | - Gwen Duytschaever
- Institute of Biology, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ) , Rio de Janeiro , Brazil
| | | | - Adriana M Fróes
- Institute of Biology, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ) , Rio de Janeiro , Brazil
| | - Louisi S de Oliveira
- Institute of Biology, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ) , Rio de Janeiro , Brazil
| | | | | | - Paul De Vos
- BCCM/LMG Bacteria Collection, Ghent University , Ghent , Belgium ; Laboratory of Microbiology, Faculty of Sciences, Ghent University , Ghent , Belgium
| | - Jean Swings
- BCCM/LMG Bacteria Collection, Ghent University , Ghent , Belgium ; Laboratory of Microbiology, Faculty of Sciences, Ghent University , Ghent , Belgium
| | - Cristiane C Thompson
- Institute of Biology, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ) , Rio de Janeiro , Brazil
| | - Fabiano L Thompson
- Institute of Biology, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ) , Rio de Janeiro , Brazil ; Laboratório de Sistemas Avançados de Gestão de Produção - SAGE - COPPE, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro , Rio de Janeiro , Brazil
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Cavalcanti GS, Gregoracci GB, dos Santos EO, Silveira CB, Meirelles PM, Longo L, Gotoh K, Nakamura S, Iida T, Sawabe T, Rezende CE, Francini-Filho RB, Moura RL, Amado-Filho GM, Thompson FL. Physiologic and metagenomic attributes of the rhodoliths forming the largest CaCO3 bed in the South Atlantic Ocean. ISME J 2013; 8:52-62. [PMID: 23985749 DOI: 10.1038/ismej.2013.133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2013] [Revised: 06/23/2013] [Accepted: 07/04/2013] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Rhodoliths are free-living coralline algae (Rhodophyta, Corallinales) that are ecologically important for the functioning of marine environments. They form extensive beds distributed worldwide, providing a habitat and nursery for benthic organisms and space for fisheries, and are an important source of calcium carbonate. The Abrolhos Bank, off eastern Brazil, harbors the world's largest continuous rhodolith bed (of ∼21,000 km(2)) and has one of the largest marine CaCO3 deposits (producing 25 megatons of CaCO3 per year). Nevertheless, there is a lack of information about the microbial diversity, photosynthetic potential and ecological interactions within the rhodolith holobiont. Herein, we performed an ecophysiologic and metagenomic analysis of the Abrolhos rhodoliths to understand their microbial composition and functional components. Rhodoliths contained a specific microbiome that displayed a significant enrichment in aerobic ammonia-oxidizing betaproteobacteria and dissimilative sulfate-reducing deltaproteobacteria. We also observed a significant contribution of bacterial guilds (that is, photolithoautotrophs, anaerobic heterotrophs, sulfide oxidizers, anoxygenic phototrophs and methanogens) in the rhodolith metagenome, suggested to have important roles in biomineralization. The increased hits in aromatic compounds, fatty acid and secondary metabolism subsystems hint at an important chemically mediated interaction in which a functional job partition among eukaryal, archaeal and bacterial groups allows the rhodolith holobiont to thrive in the global ocean. High rates of photosynthesis were measured for Abrolhos rhodoliths (52.16 μmol carbon m(-2 )s(-1)), allowing the entire Abrolhos rhodolith bed to produce 5.65 × 10(5) tons C per day. This estimate illustrates the great importance of the Abrolhos rhodolith beds for dissolved carbon production in the South Atlantic Ocean.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giselle S Cavalcanti
- Institute of Biology, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Gustavo B Gregoracci
- Institute of Biology, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Eidy O dos Santos
- Institute of Biology, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Cynthia B Silveira
- Institute of Biology, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Pedro M Meirelles
- Institute of Biology, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Leila Longo
- Instituto de Pesquisas Jardim Botânico do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Kazuyoshi Gotoh
- Laboratory of Genomic Research on Pathogenic Bacteria, International Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Shota Nakamura
- Laboratory of Genomic Research on Pathogenic Bacteria, International Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Iida
- Laboratory of Genomic Research on Pathogenic Bacteria, International Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Tomoo Sawabe
- Laboratory of Microbiology, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Carlos E Rezende
- Environmental Science Laboratory, Campos dos Goytacazes, UENF, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | - Rodrigo L Moura
- Institute of Biology, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | - Fabiano L Thompson
- Institute of Biology, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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Francini-Filho RB, Coni EOC, Meirelles PM, Amado-Filho GM, Thompson FL, Pereira-Filho GH, Bastos AC, Abrantes DP, Ferreira CM, Gibran FZ, Güth AZ, Sumida PYG, Oliveira NL, Kaufman L, Minte-Vera CV, Moura RL. Dynamics of coral reef benthic assemblages of the Abrolhos Bank, eastern Brazil: inferences on natural and anthropogenic drivers. PLoS One 2013; 8:e54260. [PMID: 23365655 PMCID: PMC3554776 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0054260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2012] [Accepted: 12/10/2012] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The Abrolhos Bank (eastern Brazil) encompasses the largest and richest coral reefs of the South Atlantic. Coral reef benthic assemblages of the region were monitored from 2003 to 2008. Two habitats (pinnacles' tops and walls) were sampled per site with 3–10 sites sampled within different reef areas. Different methodologies were applied in two distinct sampling periods: 2003–2005 and 2006–2008. Spatial coverage and taxonomic resolution were lower in the former than in the latter period. Benthic assemblages differed markedly in the smallest spatial scale, with greater differences recorded between habitats. Management regimes and biomass of fish functional groups (roving and territorial herbivores) had minor influences on benthic assemblages. These results suggest that local environmental factors such as light, depth and substrate inclination exert a stronger influence on the structure of benthic assemblages than protection from fishing. Reef walls of unprotected coastal reefs showed highest coral cover values, with a major contribution of Montastraea cavernosa (a sediment resistant species that may benefit from low light levels). An overall negative relationship between fleshy macroalgae and slow-growing reef-building organisms (i.e. scleractinians and crustose calcareous algae) was recorded, suggesting competition between these organisms. The opposite trend (i.e. positive relationships) was recorded for turf algae and the two reef-building organisms, suggesting beneficial interactions and/or co-occurrence mediated by unexplored factors. Turf algae cover increased across the region between 2006 and 2008, while scleractinian cover showed no change. The need of a continued and standardized monitoring program, aimed at understanding drivers of change in community patterns, as well as to subsidize sound adaptive conservation and management measures, is highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ronaldo B Francini-Filho
- Departamento de Engenharia e Meio Ambiente, Universidade Federal da Paraíba, Rio Tinto, Paraíba, Brazil.
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Amado-Filho GM, Moura RL, Bastos AC, Salgado LT, Sumida PY, Guth AZ, Francini-Filho RB, Pereira-Filho GH, Abrantes DP, Brasileiro PS, Bahia RG, Leal RN, Kaufman L, Kleypas JA, Farina M, Thompson FL. Rhodolith beds are major CaCO3 bio-factories in the tropical South West Atlantic. PLoS One 2012; 7:e35171. [PMID: 22536356 PMCID: PMC3335062 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0035171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2011] [Accepted: 03/09/2012] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Rhodoliths are nodules of non-geniculate coralline algae that occur in shallow waters (<150 m depth) subjected to episodic disturbance. Rhodolith beds stand with kelp beds, seagrass meadows, and coralline algal reefs as one of the world's four largest macrophyte-dominated benthic communities. Geographic distribution of rhodolith beds is discontinuous, with large concentrations off Japan, Australia and the Gulf of California, as well as in the Mediterranean, North Atlantic, eastern Caribbean and Brazil. Although there are major gaps in terms of seabed habitat mapping, the largest rhodolith beds are purported to occur off Brazil, where these communities are recorded across a wide latitudinal range (2°N-27°S). To quantify their extent, we carried out an inter-reefal seabed habitat survey on the Abrolhos Shelf (16°50'-19°45'S) off eastern Brazil, and confirmed the most expansive and contiguous rhodolith bed in the world, covering about 20,900 km(2). Distribution, extent, composition and structure of this bed were assessed with side scan sonar, remotely operated vehicles, and SCUBA. The mean rate of CaCO(3) production was estimated from in situ growth assays at 1.07 kg m(-2) yr(-1), with a total production rate of 0.025 Gt yr(-1), comparable to those of the world's largest biogenic CaCO(3) deposits. These gigantic rhodolith beds, of areal extent equivalent to the Great Barrier Reef, Australia, are a critical, yet poorly understood component of the tropical South Atlantic Ocean. Based on the relatively high vulnerability of coralline algae to ocean acidification, these beds are likely to experience a profound restructuring in the coming decades.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Rodrigo L. Moura
- Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
- * E-mail:
| | - Alex C. Bastos
- Departamento de Ecologia e Recursos Naturais, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Vitória, ES, Brazil
| | - Leonardo T. Salgado
- Instituto de Pesquisas Jardim Botânico do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Paulo Y. Sumida
- Instituto Oceanográfico, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Arthur Z. Guth
- Instituto Oceanográfico, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | | | | | - Douglas P. Abrantes
- Instituto de Pesquisas Jardim Botânico do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Poliana S. Brasileiro
- Instituto de Pesquisas Jardim Botânico do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Ricardo G. Bahia
- Instituto de Pesquisas Jardim Botânico do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Rachel N. Leal
- Instituto de Pesquisas Jardim Botânico do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Les Kaufman
- Boston University Marine Program, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Joanie A. Kleypas
- Climate and Global Dynamics, National Center for Atmospheric Research, Boulder, Colorado, United States of America
| | - Marcos Farina
- Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Fabiano L. Thompson
- Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
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Medeiros PR, Rosa RS, Francini-Filho RB. Dynamics of fish assemblages on a continuous rocky reef and adjacent unconsolidated habitats at Fernando de Noronha Archipelago, tropical western Atlantic. Neotrop ichthyol 2011. [DOI: 10.1590/s1679-62252011005000048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
In recent years, many studies investigated how density-dependent factors, such as shortages in microhabitat and food availability influence the structure of reef fish assemblages. Most of what is currently known, however, comes from comparisons of isolated patch reefs and from correlations between fish abundance and one or few microhabitat variables. In addition, most studies were done in the Caribbean and Indo-Pacific regions, whereas the South Atlantic region has been, to date, understudied. The present study evaluated spatial and temporal variations in reef fish abundance and species richness in a continuous rocky reef and adjacent unconsolidated habitats in a Southwestern Atlantic reef, using underwater techniques to assess both fish numbers and microhabitat variables (depth, rugosity, number of crevices and percent cover of live benthic organisms, bare rock, sand, and limestone). Higher species richness was observed at consolidated substratum stations on both sampling periods (May and October), but fish abundance did not show a significant spatial variation. Topographical complexity and percent cover of algae (except coralline algae) were amongst the most important determinants of species richness, and correlations between fish size and refuge crevice size were observed. The non-random patterns of spatial variation in species richness, and to a lesser extent, fish abundance, were related to differences in substratum characteristics and the inherent characteristics of fishes (i.e. habitat preferences) and not to geographical barriers restraining fish movement. This study highlights the importance of concomitantly assessing several microhabitat variables to determine their relative influence in reef fish assemblages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulo R. Medeiros
- Universidade Federal da Paraíba, Brazil; Universidade Estadual da Paraíba, Brazil
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de Castro AP, Araújo SD, Reis AMM, Moura RL, Francini-Filho RB, Pappas G, Rodrigues TB, Thompson FL, Krüger RH. Bacterial community associated with healthy and diseased reef coral Mussismilia hispida from eastern Brazil. Microb Ecol 2010; 59:658-67. [PMID: 20352207 DOI: 10.1007/s00248-010-9646-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2009] [Accepted: 02/14/2010] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
In order to characterize the bacterial community diversity associated to mucus of the coral Mussismilia hispida, four 16S rDNA libraries were constructed and 400 clones from each library were analyzed from two healthy colonies, one diseased colony and the surrounding water. Nine bacterial phyla were identified in healthy M. hispida, with a dominance of Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, Acidobacteria, Lentisphaerae, and Nitrospira. The most commonly found species were related to the genera Azospirillum, Hirschia, Fabibacter, Blastochloris, Stella, Vibrio, Flavobacterium, Ochrobactrum, Terasakiella, Alkalibacter, Staphylococcus, Azospirillum, Propionibacterium, Arcobacter, and Paenibacillus. In contrast, diseased M. hispida had a predominance of one single species of Bacteroidetes, corresponding to more than 70% of the sequences. Rarefaction curves using evolutionary distance of 1% showed a greater decrease in bacterial diversity in the diseased M. hispida, with a reduction of almost 85% in OTUs in comparison to healthy colonies. integral-Libshuff analyses show that significant p values obtained were <0.0001, demonstrating that the four libraries are significantly different. Furthermore, the sympatric corals M. hispida and Mussismilia braziliensis appear to have different bacterial community compositions according to Principal Component Analysis and Lineage-specific Analysis. Moreover, lineages that contribute to those differences were identified as alpha-Proteobacteria, Bacteroidetes, and Firmicutes. The results obtained in this study suggest host-microbe co-evolution in Mussismilia, and it was the first study on the diversity of the microbiota of the endemic and endangered of extinction Brazilian coral M. hispida from Abrolhos bank.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alinne Pereira de Castro
- Laboratorio de Enzimologia, Departamento de Biologia Celular, Universidade de Brasilia, Brasilia, Distrito Federal, Brasil
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Alves N, Neto OSM, Silva BSO, De Moura RL, Francini-Filho RB, Barreira E Castro C, Paranhos R, Bitner-Mathé BC, Kruger RH, Vicente ACP, Thompson CC, Thompson FL. Diversity and pathogenic potential of vibrios isolated from Abrolhos Bank corals. Environ Microbiol Rep 2010; 2:90-95. [PMID: 23766002 DOI: 10.1111/j.1758-2229.2009.00101.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
We performed the first taxonomic characterization of vibrios and other culturable microbiota from apparently healthy and diseased Brazilian-endemic corals at the Abrolhos reef bank. The diseases affecting corals were tissue necrosis in Phyllogorgia dillatata, white plague and bleaching in Mussismilia braziliensis and bleaching in Mussismilia hispida. Bacterial isolates were obtained from mucus of 22 coral specimens originated from the Abrolhos Bank (i.e. Itacolomis reef, Recife de Fora reef and Santa Barbara Island) in 2007. Vibrios counts in the water and coral mucus were approximately 104 cfu ml(-1) and 106 cfu ml(-1) respectively. One hundred and thirty-one representative vibrio isolates were identified. Most vibrio isolates (n = 79) fell into the core group using the pyrH identification marker. According to our analysis, diseased corals did not possess a unique vibrio microbiota. Vibrio species encompassed strains originated from both apparently healthy and diseased corals. The pathogenic potential of representative vibrio isolates (V. alginolyticus 40B, V. harveyi-like 1DA3 and V. coralliilyticus 2DA3) were evaluated in a standardized bioassay using the animal model Drosophila melanogaster and caused 25-88% mortality. This is the first taxonomic characterization of the culturable microbiota from the Brazilian-endemic corals. Endemic Brazilian corals are a reservoir of the vibrio core group. Vibrio alginolyticus, V. harveyi and V. coralliilyticus are dominant in the mucus of these corals and may be a normal component of the holobiont.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nelson Alves
- Department of Genetics, Laboratory of Hydrobiology, Laboratory of Population Genetics of Drosophila Department of Genetics, Institute of Biology, and National Museum, Coral Vivo, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Conservation International Brazil, Marine Program, BA, Brazil. Department of Biology, Paraiba State University, Campina Grande, PB, Brazil. Department of Enzymology, University of Brasilia, DF, Brazil. Laboratory of Molecular Genetics of Microrganims, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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Reis AMM, Araújo SD, Moura RL, Francini-Filho RB, Pappas G, Coelho AMA, Krüger RH, Thompson FL. Bacterial diversity associated with the Brazilian endemic reef coral Mussismilia braziliensis. J Appl Microbiol 2009; 106:1378-87. [PMID: 19187136 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2672.2008.04106.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
AIMS We performed the first characterization of the microbiota associated with the reef coral Mussismilia braziliensis by means of a culture-independent approach. METHODS AND RESULTS The main groups were Proteobacteria, Cyanobacteria and unclassified bacteria according to the 16S rDNA libraries. Most of the sequences of the mucus of healthy and diseased M. braziliensis did not find close matches in GenBank (i.e. >97% 16S rDNA similarity). Most of the sequences of seawater and mucus of healthy coral fell into tight clusters (17 and 15 clusters respectively). In contrast, most of the sequences of mucus of diseased coral did not form clusters. The rarefaction curves indicate saturation in the recovery of higher taxa (approximately 40 phyla). However, the number of species in the coral mucus (n = 130-170) and seawater (n = 170) did not reach a plateau. CONCLUSIONS The coral microbiota encompasses several potentially novel species and higher taxa. The microbiota of M. braziliensis appears to be species-specific. Diseased coral may have provided a suitable place for colonization by opportunistic bacteria, resulting in a greater bacterial diversity. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY The first study on the diversity of the microbiota of the endemic and endangered of extinction coral M. braziliensis.
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Affiliation(s)
- A M M Reis
- Universidade Católica de Brasilia, Brazil
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Francini-Filho RB, Moura RL, Thompson FL, Reis RM, Kaufman L, Kikuchi RKP, Leão ZMAN. Diseases leading to accelerated decline of reef corals in the largest South Atlantic reef complex (Abrolhos Bank, eastern Brazil). Mar Pollut Bull 2008; 56:1008-1014. [PMID: 18348890 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2008.02.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2007] [Revised: 01/21/2008] [Accepted: 02/01/2008] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Although reef corals worldwide have sustained epizootics in recent years, no coral diseases have been observed in the southwestern Atlantic Ocean until now. Here we present an overview of the main types of diseases and their incidence in the largest and richest coral reefs in the South Atlantic (Abrolhos Bank, eastern Brazil). Qualitative observations since the 1980s and regular monitoring since 2001 indicate that coral diseases intensified only recently (2005-2007). Based on estimates of disease prevalence and progression rate, as well as on the growth rate of a major reef-building coral species (the Brazilian-endemic Mussismilia braziliensis), we predict that eastern Brazilian reefs will suffer a massive coral cover decline in the next 50 years, and that M. braziliensis will be nearly extinct in less than a century if the current rate of mortality due to disease is not reversed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ronaldo B Francini-Filho
- Grupo de Pesquisas em Recifes de Corais e Mudanças Globais, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Rua Caetano Moura 123, 40210-340 Salvador, BA, Brazil.
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Francini-Filho RB, Moura RL, Ferreira CM, Coni EOC. Live coral predation by parrotfishes (Perciformes: Scaridae) in the Abrolhos Bank, eastern Brazil, with comments on the classification of species into functional groups. Neotrop ichthyol 2008. [DOI: 10.1590/s1679-62252008000200006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Parrotfishes (Perciformes: Scaridae) represent a critical functional group on coral reefs because their intense herbivory activity helps in avoiding coral overgrowth by algae. Although feeding preferentially on algae and detritus, some parrotfish species also consume live corals, leading to detrimental effects that may offset the benefits of removing competitive seaweeds. Parrotfish species differ markedly in terms of jaw morphology, foraging activity and extent of substratum excavation, and are typically divided into three functional groups: browsers, scrapers and excavators. The recognition of species within each functional group helps to understand their relative effects in terms of bioerosion, coral fitness and survival, habitat alteration and ecosystem dynamics. Here we report on live coral predation by the Brazilian endemic parrotfishes Scarus trispinosus and Sparisoma amplum in the largest coral reefs of the South Atlantic (Abrolhos Bank, eastern Brazil) and comment on their classification into functional groups based on direct behavioral observations. Scarus trispinosus and Sp. amplum allocated 0.8% and 8.1% of their bites to live corals respectively. Sparisoma amplum fed at lower rates, took shorter feeding forays and larger bites than Sc. trispinosus. Bite rates and foray size were negatively correlated to body size for Sc. trispinosus, but not for Sp. amplum. Our results indicate that Sp. amplum may be primarily recognized as an excavating species, as well as the most specialized parrotfish coral predator in Brazil, while Sc. trispinosus may be recognized as a scraper or excavator depending on its body size. This functional classification corresponds to the classification used for the putative sister taxa of Sc. trispinosus (Sc. coeruleus) and the sister taxa of Sp. amplum (Sp. viride) in the Caribbean, indicating that these two congeneric species pairs play similar ecological roles in different geographic regions.
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