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Tesfaye R, Huguet G, Proulx C, Douard E, Jean-Louis M, Saci Z, Elsabbagh M, Jacquemont S. The interplay between sleep, cognition and copy number variations. Sleep Med 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.sleep.2022.05.503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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White LK, Crowley TB, Finucane B, Garcia-Minaur S, Repetto GM, van den Bree M, Fischer M, Jacquemont S, Barzilay R, Maillard AM, Donald KA, Gur RE, Bassett AS, Swillen A, McDonald-McGinn DM. The COVID-19 pandemic's impact on worry and medical disruptions reported by individuals with chromosome 22q11.2 copy number variants and their caregivers. J Intellect Disabil Res 2022; 66:313-322. [PMID: 35191118 PMCID: PMC9725107 DOI: 10.1111/jir.12918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2021] [Revised: 01/04/2022] [Accepted: 01/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The world has suffered immeasurably during the COVID-19 pandemic. Increased distress and mental and medical health concerns are collateral consequences to the disease itself. The Genes to Mental Health (G2MH) Network consortium sought to understand how individuals affected by the rare copy number variations of 22q11.2 deletion and duplication syndrome, associated with neurodevelopmental/neuropsychiatric conditions, were coping. The article focuses on worry and disruptions in medical care caused by the pandemic. METHODS The University of Pennsylvania COVID-19 Stressor List and care disruption questions were circulated by 22 advocacy groups in English and 11 other languages. RESULTS A total of 512 people from 23 countries completed the survey; most were caregivers of affected individuals. Worry about family members acquiring COVID-19 had the highest average endorsed worry, whilst currently having COVID-19 had the lowest rated worry. Total COVID-19 worries were higher in individuals completing the survey towards the end of the study (later pandemic wave); 36% (n = 186) of the sample reported a significant effect on health due to care interruption during the pandemic; 44% of individuals (n = 111) receiving care for their genetic syndrome in a hospital setting reported delaying appointments due to COVID-19 fears; 12% (n = 59) of the sample reported disruptions to treatments; and of those reporting no current disruptions, 59% (n = 269) worried about future disruptions if the pandemic continued. Higher levels of care disruptions were related to higher COVID-19 worries (Ps < 0.005). Minimal differences by respondent type or copy number variation type emerged. CONCLUSIONS Widespread medical care disruptions and pandemic-related worries were reported by individuals with 22q11.2 syndrome and their family members. Reported worries were broadly consistent with research results from prior reports in the general population. The long-term effects of COVID-19 worries, interruptions to care and hospital avoidance require further study.
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Affiliation(s)
- L K White
- Lifespan Brain Institute, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia and Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - T B Crowley
- Lifespan Brain Institute, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia and Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - B Finucane
- Geisinger Autism & Developmental Medicine Institute, Geisinger Health System, Lewisburg, PA, USA
| | - S Garcia-Minaur
- Instituto de Genética Médica y Molecular, Hospital Universitario La Paz, Madrid, Spain
| | - G M Repetto
- Center for Genetics and Genomics, Facultad de Medicina Clínica Alemana - Universidad del Desarrollo, Santiago, Chile
| | - M van den Bree
- Medical Research Council Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - M Fischer
- Clinic and Policlinic for Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Rostock, Rostock, Germany
| | - S Jacquemont
- Sainte Justine Research Center, University of Montreal, Montreal, Canada
| | - R Barzilay
- Lifespan Brain Institute, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia and Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - A M Maillard
- Service des Troubles du Spectre de l'Autisme (STSA), Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - K A Donald
- Red Cross War Memorial Children's Hospital, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - R E Gur
- Lifespan Brain Institute, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia and Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - A S Bassett
- Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, University Health Network and Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - A Swillen
- Center for Human Genetics, University Hospital Leuven and Department of Human Genetics, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - D M McDonald-McGinn
- Lifespan Brain Institute, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia and Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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Macé A, Tuke MA, Beckmann JS, Lin L, Jacquemont S, Weedon MN, Reymond A, Kutalik Z. New quality measure for SNP array based CNV detection. Bioinformatics 2016; 32:3298-3305. [PMID: 27402902 DOI: 10.1093/bioinformatics/btw477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2016] [Accepted: 07/03/2016] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
MOTIVATION Only a few large systematic studies have evaluated the impact of copy number variants (CNVs) on common diseases. Several million individuals have been genotyped on single nucleotide variation arrays, which could be used for genome-wide CNVs association studies. However, CNV calls remain prone to false positives and only empirical filtering strategies exist in the literature. To overcome this issue, we defined a new quality score (QS) estimating the probability of a CNV called by PennCNV to be confirmed by other software. RESULTS Out-of-sample comparison showed that the correlation between the consensus CNV status and the QS is twice as high as it is for any previously proposed CNV filters. ROC curves displayed an AUC higher than 0.8 and simulations showed an increase up to 20% in statistical power when using QS in comparison to other filtering strategies. Superior performance was confirmed also for alternative consensus CNV definition and through improving known CNV-trait associations. AVAILABILITY AND IMPLEMENTATION http://goo.gl/T6yuFM CONTACT: zoltan.kutalik@unil.ch or aurelien@mace@unil.chSupplementary information: Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Macé
- Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, University Hospital of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland Department of Computational Biology, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - M A Tuke
- Genetics of Complex Traits, University of Exeter Medical School, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| | - J S Beckmann
- Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - L Lin
- Division of Cardiology, Geneva University Hospital, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - S Jacquemont
- Service de Génétique Médicale, Centre Universitaire Hospitalier Vaudois, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - M N Weedon
- Genetics of Complex Traits, University of Exeter Medical School, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| | - A Reymond
- Center for Integrative Genomics, University for Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Z Kutalik
- Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, University Hospital of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Lausanne, Switzerland
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Broome M, Vial Y, Jacquemont S, Sergi C, Kamnasaran D, Giannoni E. Complete Maxillo-Mandibular Syngnathia in a Newborn with Multiple Congenital Malformations. Pediatr Neonatol 2016; 57:65-8. [PMID: 23778189 DOI: 10.1016/j.pedneo.2013.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2012] [Revised: 02/07/2013] [Accepted: 05/02/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Syngnathia is an extremely rare condition involving congenital fusion of the maxilla with the mandible. Clinical presentations vary from simple mucosal bands (synechiae) to complete bony fusion (synostosis). Most cases are unilateral incomplete fusions. We report the case of a severely growth-retarded newborn infant with complete synostosis of the mandible with the maxilla and the zygoma associated with cleft palate, choanal atresia, deafness, delayed cerebral white matter development, and genital and limb malformations. Extensive genetic analysis did not reveal any mutations. This association of multiple congenital malformations may represent an entity distinct from previously described syndromes associated with syngnathia.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Broome
- Service of Maxillo-Facial Surgery, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Y Vial
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - S Jacquemont
- Service of Medical Genetics, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - C Sergi
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - D Kamnasaran
- Department of Pediatrics, Laval University, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada
| | - E Giannoni
- Service of Neonatology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, Lausanne, Switzerland.
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Maillard AM, Hippolyte L, Rodriguez-Herreros B, Chawner SJRA, Dremmel D, Agüera Z, Fagundo AB, Pain A, Martin-Brevet S, Hilbert A, Kurz S, Etienne R, Draganski B, Jimenez-Murcia S, Männik K, Metspalu A, Reigo A, Isidor B, Le Caignec C, David A, Mignot C, Keren B, van den Bree MBM, Munsch S, Fernandez-Aranda F, Beckmann JS, Reymond A, Jacquemont S. 16p11.2 Locus modulates response to satiety before the onset of obesity. Int J Obes (Lond) 2015; 40:870-6. [PMID: 26620891 DOI: 10.1038/ijo.2015.247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2015] [Revised: 11/06/2015] [Accepted: 11/16/2015] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The 600 kb BP4-BP5 copy number variants (CNVs) at the 16p11.2 locus have been associated with a range of neurodevelopmental conditions including autism spectrum disorders and schizophrenia. The number of genomic copies in this region is inversely correlated with body mass index (BMI): the deletion is associated with a highly penetrant form of obesity (present in 50% of carriers by the age of 7 years and in 70% of adults), and the duplication with being underweight. Mechanisms underlying this energy imbalance remain unknown. OBJECTIVE This study aims to investigate eating behavior, cognitive traits and their relationships with BMI in carriers of 16p11.2 CNVs. METHODS We assessed individuals carrying a 16p11.2 deletion or duplication and their intrafamilial controls using food-related behavior questionnaires and cognitive measures. We also compared these carriers with cohorts of individuals presenting with obesity, binge eating disorder or bulimia. RESULTS Response to satiety is gene dosage-dependent in pediatric CNV carriers. Altered satiety response is present in young deletion carriers before the onset of obesity. It remains altered in adolescent carriers and correlates with obesity. Adult deletion carriers exhibit eating behavior similar to that seen in a cohort of obesity without eating disorders such as bulimia or binge eating. None of the cognitive measures are associated with eating behavior or BMI. CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest that abnormal satiety response is a strong contributor to the energy imbalance in 16p11.2 CNV carriers, and, akin to other genetic forms of obesity, altered satiety responsiveness in children precedes the increase in BMI observed later in adolescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- A M Maillard
- Service de Génétique Médicale, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - L Hippolyte
- Service de Génétique Médicale, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - B Rodriguez-Herreros
- Service de Génétique Médicale, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.,LREN-Département des Neurosciences Cliniques, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - S J R A Chawner
- MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Institute of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - D Dremmel
- Department of Psychology, Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Z Agüera
- CIBER Fisiopatologia Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Barcelona, Spain.,Department of Psychiatry, Bellvitge University Hospital-IDIBELL, Barcelona, Spain
| | - A B Fagundo
- CIBER Fisiopatologia Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Barcelona, Spain.,Department of Psychiatry, Bellvitge University Hospital-IDIBELL, Barcelona, Spain
| | - A Pain
- Service de Génétique Médicale, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - S Martin-Brevet
- Service de Génétique Médicale, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.,LREN-Département des Neurosciences Cliniques, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - A Hilbert
- Integrated Research and Treatment Center Adiposity Diseases, Department of Medical Psychology and Medical SocCiology, University of Leipzig Medical Center, Leipzig, Germany
| | - S Kurz
- Department of Psychology, Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - R Etienne
- Service de Génétique Médicale, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - B Draganski
- LREN-Département des Neurosciences Cliniques, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.,Department of Neurology, Max-Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Science, Leipzig, Germany
| | - S Jimenez-Murcia
- CIBER Fisiopatologia Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Barcelona, Spain.,Department of Psychiatry, Bellvitge University Hospital-IDIBELL, Barcelona, Spain.,Clinical Sciences Department, School of Medicine, Barcelona, Spain
| | - K Männik
- Estonian Genome Center, Tartu University Hospital, Tartu, Estonia.,Center for Integrative Genomics, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - A Metspalu
- Estonian Genome Center, Tartu University Hospital, Tartu, Estonia
| | - A Reigo
- Estonian Genome Center, Tartu University Hospital, Tartu, Estonia
| | - B Isidor
- Service de Génétique Médicale, CHU-Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - C Le Caignec
- Service de Génétique Médicale, CHU-Nantes, Nantes, France.,INSERM UMR957, Faculté de Médecine, Nantes, France
| | - A David
- Service de Génétique Médicale, CHU-Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - C Mignot
- AP-HP, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Département de Génétique et de Cytogénétique, Unité Fonctionnelle de Génétique Clinique, Paris, France.,Centre de Référence Déficiences Intellectuelles de Causes Rares, Paris, France.,Groupe de Recherche Clinique Déficience Intellectuelle et Autisme, UPMC, Paris, France
| | - B Keren
- Groupe Hospitalier Pitié Salpêtrière, AP-HP, Department of Genetics and Cytogenetics, Paris, France
| | | | - M B M van den Bree
- MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Institute of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - S Munsch
- Department of Psychology, Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - F Fernandez-Aranda
- CIBER Fisiopatologia Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Barcelona, Spain.,Department of Psychiatry, Bellvitge University Hospital-IDIBELL, Barcelona, Spain.,Clinical Sciences Department, School of Medicine, Barcelona, Spain
| | - J S Beckmann
- Service de Génétique Médicale, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.,SIB Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - A Reymond
- Center for Integrative Genomics, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - S Jacquemont
- Service de Génétique Médicale, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
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Maillard AM, Ruef A, Pizzagalli F, Migliavacca E, Hippolyte L, Adaszewski S, Dukart J, Ferrari C, Conus P, Männik K, Zazhytska M, Siffredi V, Maeder P, Kutalik Z, Kherif F, Hadjikhani N, Beckmann JS, Reymond A, Draganski B, Jacquemont S. The 16p11.2 locus modulates brain structures common to autism, schizophrenia and obesity. Mol Psychiatry 2015; 20:140-7. [PMID: 25421402 PMCID: PMC4320286 DOI: 10.1038/mp.2014.145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 125] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2014] [Revised: 08/28/2014] [Accepted: 09/17/2014] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Anatomical structures and mechanisms linking genes to neuropsychiatric disorders are not deciphered. Reciprocal copy number variants at the 16p11.2 BP4-BP5 locus offer a unique opportunity to study the intermediate phenotypes in carriers at high risk for autism spectrum disorder (ASD) or schizophrenia (SZ). We investigated the variation in brain anatomy in 16p11.2 deletion and duplication carriers. Beyond gene dosage effects on global brain metrics, we show that the number of genomic copies negatively correlated to the gray matter volume and white matter tissue properties in cortico-subcortical regions implicated in reward, language and social cognition. Despite the near absence of ASD or SZ diagnoses in our 16p11.2 cohort, the pattern of brain anatomy changes in carriers spatially overlaps with the well-established structural abnormalities in ASD and SZ. Using measures of peripheral mRNA levels, we confirm our genomic copy number findings. This combined molecular, neuroimaging and clinical approach, applied to larger datasets, will help interpret the relative contributions of genes to neuropsychiatric conditions by measuring their effect on local brain anatomy.
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Affiliation(s)
- A M Maillard
- Service of Medical Genetics, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - A Ruef
- LREN—Département des neurosciences cliniques, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - F Pizzagalli
- Service of Medical Genetics, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
- LREN—Département des neurosciences cliniques, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - E Migliavacca
- Center for Integrative Genomics, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - L Hippolyte
- Service of Medical Genetics, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - S Adaszewski
- LREN—Département des neurosciences cliniques, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - J Dukart
- LREN—Département des neurosciences cliniques, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Department of Neurology, Max-Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Science, Leipzig, Germany
| | - C Ferrari
- Department of Psychiatry, CERY Hospital Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - P Conus
- Department of Psychiatry, CERY Hospital Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - K Männik
- Center for Integrative Genomics, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - M Zazhytska
- Center for Integrative Genomics, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - V Siffredi
- Service of Medical Genetics, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - P Maeder
- Department of Radiology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Z Kutalik
- Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine (IUMSP), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - F Kherif
- LREN—Département des neurosciences cliniques, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - N Hadjikhani
- Brain Mind Institute, School of Life Sciences, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachussetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, USA
- Gillberg Neuropsychiatry Centre, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - 16p11.2 European Consortium
- Service of Medical Genetics, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
- LREN—Département des neurosciences cliniques, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Center for Integrative Genomics, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Department of Neurology, Max-Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Science, Leipzig, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry, CERY Hospital Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Department of Radiology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine (IUMSP), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Brain Mind Institute, School of Life Sciences, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachussetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, USA
- Gillberg Neuropsychiatry Centre, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - J S Beckmann
- Service of Medical Genetics, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - A Reymond
- Center for Integrative Genomics, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - B Draganski
- LREN—Département des neurosciences cliniques, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Department of Neurology, Max-Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Science, Leipzig, Germany
| | - S Jacquemont
- Service of Medical Genetics, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
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Krahn M, Goicoechea M, Hanisch F, Groen E, Bartoli M, Pécheux C, Garcia-Bragado F, Leturcq F, Jeannet PY, Lobrinus JA, Jacquemont S, Strober J, Urtizberea JA, Saenz A, Bushby K, Lévy N, Lopez de Munain A. Eosinophilic infiltration related to CAPN3 mutations: a pathophysiological component of primary calpainopathy? Clin Genet 2013; 80:398-402. [PMID: 21204801 DOI: 10.1111/j.1399-0004.2010.01620.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Marle N, Martinet D, Aboura A, Joly-Helas G, Andrieux J, Flori E, Puechberty J, Vialard F, Sanlaville D, Fert Ferrer S, Bourrouillou G, Tabet AC, Quilichini B, Simon-Bouy B, Bazin A, Becker M, Stora H, Amblard S, Doco-Fenzy M, Molina Gomes D, Girard-Lemaire F, Cordier MP, Satre V, Schneider A, Lemeur N, Chambon P, Jacquemont S, Fellmann F, Vigouroux-Castera A, Molignier R, Delaye A, Pipiras E, Liquier A, Rousseau T, Mosca AL, Kremer V, Payet M, Rangon C, Mugneret F, Aho S, Faivre L, Callier P. Molecular characterization of 39 de novo sSMC: contribution to prognosis and genetic counselling, a prospective study. Clin Genet 2013; 85:233-44. [PMID: 23489061 DOI: 10.1111/cge.12138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2012] [Revised: 03/05/2012] [Accepted: 03/05/2012] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Small supernumerary marker chromosomes (sSMCs) are structurally abnormal chromosomes that cannot be characterized by karyotype. In many prenatal cases of de novo sSMC, the outcome of pregnancy is difficult to predict because the euchromatin content is unclear. This study aimed to determine the presence or absence of euchromatin material of 39 de novo prenatally ascertained sSMC by array-comparative genomic hybridization (array-CGH) or single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) array. Cases were prospectively ascertained from the study of 65,000 prenatal samples [0.060%; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.042-0.082]. Array-CGH showed that 22 markers were derived from non-acrocentric markers (56.4%) and 7 from acrocentic markers (18%). The 10 additional cases remained unidentified (25.6%), but 7 of 10 could be further identified using fluorescence in situ hybridization; 69% of de novo sSMC contained euchromatin material, 95.4% of which for non-acrocentric markers. Some sSMC containing euchromatin had a normal phenotype (31% for non-acrocentric and 75% for acrocentric markers). Statistical differences between normal and abnormal phenotypes were shown for the size of the euchromatin material (more or less than 1 Mb, p = 0.0006) and number of genes (more or less than 10, p = 0.0009). This study is the largest to date and shows the utility of array-CGH or SNP array in the detection and characterization of de novo sSMC in a prenatal context.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Marle
- Département de Génétique, Hôpital Le Bocage, Université de Bourgogne, Dijon, France
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9
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Tassone F, Greco CM, Hunsaker MR, Seritan AL, Berman RF, Gane LW, Jacquemont S, Basuta K, Jin LW, Hagerman PJ, Hagerman RJ. Neuropathological, clinical and molecular pathology in female fragile X premutation carriers with and without FXTAS. Genes Brain Behav 2012; 11:577-85. [PMID: 22463693 DOI: 10.1111/j.1601-183x.2012.00779.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Fragile X-associated tremor/ataxia syndrome (FXTAS) is an adult-onset neurodegenerative disorder associated with premutation alleles of the fragile X mental retardation 1 (FMR1) gene. Approximately 40% of older male premutation carriers, and a smaller proportion of females, are affected by FXTAS; due to the lower penetrance the characterization of the disorder in females is much less detailed. Core clinical features of FXTAS include intention tremor, cerebellar gait ataxia and frequently parkinsonism, autonomic dysfunction and cognitive deficits progressing to dementia in up to 50% of males. In this study, we report the clinical, molecular and neuropathological findings of eight female premutation carriers. Significantly, four of these women had dementia; of the four, three had FXTAS plus dementia. Post-mortem examination showed the presence of intranuclear inclusions in all eight cases, which included one asymptomatic premutation carrier who died from cancer. Among the four subjects with dementia, three had sufficient number of cortical amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary tangles to make Alzheimer's disease a highly likely cause of dementia and a fourth case had dementia with cortical Lewy bodies. Dementia appears to be more common than originally reported in females with FXTAS. Although further studies are required, our observation suggests that in a portion of FXTAS cases there is Alzheimer pathology and perhaps a synergistic effect on the progression of the disease may occur.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Tassone
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of California, Davis, School of Medicine, USA.
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Abstract
The obesity epidemic is associated with the recent availability of highly palatable and inexpensive caloric food as well as important changes in lifestyle. Genetic factors, however, play a key role in regulating energy balance and numerous twin studies have estimated the BMI heritability between 40 and 70%. While common variants, identified through genome-wide association studies (GWAS) point toward new pathways, their effect size are too low to be of any use in the clinic. This review therefore concentrates on genes and genomic regions associated with very high risks of human obesity. Although there are no consensus guidelines, we review how the knowledge on these "causal factors" can be translated into the clinic for diagnostic purposes. We propose genetic workups guided by clinical manifestations in patients with severe early-onset obesity. While etiological diagnoses are unequivocal in a minority of patients, new genomic tools such as Comparative Genomic Hybridization (CGH) array, have allowed the identification of novel "causal" loci and next-generation sequencing brings the promise of accelerated pace for discoveries relevant to clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Phan-Hug
- Endocrinology-Diabetology Unit, Department of Pediatrics, CHUV, University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland
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11
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Jacquemont S, Curie A, des Portes V, Torrioli MG, Berry-Kravis E, Hagerman RJ, Ramos FJ, Cornish K, He Y, Paulding C, Neri G, Chen F, Hadjikhani N, Martinet D, Meyer J, Beckmann JS, Delange K, Brun A, Bussy G, Gasparini F, Hilse T, Floesser A, Branson J, Bilbe G, Johns D, Gomez-Mancilla B. Epigenetic Modification of the FMR1 Gene in Fragile X Syndrome Is Associated with Differential Response to the mGluR5 Antagonist AFQ056. Sci Transl Med 2011; 3:64ra1. [DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.3001708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 294] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
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12
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Walters RG, Jacquemont S, Valsesia A, de Smith AJ, Martinet D, Andersson J, Falchi M, Chen F, Andrieux J, Lobbens S, Delobel B, Stutzmann F, El-Sayed Moustafa JS, Chèvre JC, Lecoeur C, Vatin V, Bouquillon S, Buxton JL, Boute O, Holder-Espinasse M, Cuisset JM, Lemaitre MP, Ambresin AE, Brioschi A, Gaillard M, Giusti V, Fellmann F, Ferrarini A, Hadjikhani N, Campion D, Guilmatre A, Goldenberg A, Calmels N, Mandel JL, Le Caignec C, David A, Isidor B, Cordier MP, Dupuis-Girod S, Labalme A, Sanlaville D, Béri-Dexheimer M, Jonveaux P, Leheup B, Ounap K, Bochukova EG, Henning E, Keogh J, Ellis RJ, Macdermot KD, van Haelst MM, Vincent-Delorme C, Plessis G, Touraine R, Philippe A, Malan V, Mathieu-Dramard M, Chiesa J, Blaumeiser B, Kooy RF, Caiazzo R, Pigeyre M, Balkau B, Sladek R, Bergmann S, Mooser V, Waterworth D, Reymond A, Vollenweider P, Waeber G, Kurg A, Palta P, Esko T, Metspalu A, Nelis M, Elliott P, Hartikainen AL, McCarthy MI, Peltonen L, Carlsson L, Jacobson P, Sjöström L, Huang N, Hurles ME, O'Rahilly S, Farooqi IS, Männik K, Jarvelin MR, Pattou F, Meyre D, Walley AJ, Coin LJM, Blakemore AIF, Froguel P, Beckmann JS. A new highly penetrant form of obesity due to deletions on chromosome 16p11.2. Nature 2010; 463:671-5. [PMID: 20130649 PMCID: PMC2880448 DOI: 10.1038/nature08727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 345] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2009] [Accepted: 12/01/2009] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- R G Walters
- Section of Genomic Medicine, Imperial College London, London W12 0NN, UK
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Orrico A, Galli L, Faivre L, Clayton-Smith J, Azzarello-Burri S, Hertz J, Jacquemont S, Taurisano R, Arroyo Carrera I, Tarantino E, Devriendt K, Melis D, Thelle T, Meinhardt U, Sorrentino V. Aarskog-Scott syndrome: Clinical update and report of nine novel mutations of theFGD1gene. Am J Med Genet A 2010; 152A:313-8. [DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.33199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Sevin M, Kutalik Z, Bergman S, Vercelletto M, Renou P, Lamy E, Vingerhoets FJ, Di Virgilio G, Boisseau P, Bezieau S, Pasquier L, Rival JM, Beckmann JS, Damier P, Jacquemont S. Penetrance of marked cognitive impairment in older male carriers of the FMR1 gene premutation. J Med Genet 2009; 46:818-24. [DOI: 10.1136/jmg.2008.065953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Isidor B, Cormier-Daire V, Le Merrer M, Lefrancois T, Hamel A, Le Caignec C, David A, Jacquemont S. Autosomal dominant spondylocarpotarsal synostosis syndrome: Phenotypic homogeneity and genetic heterogeneity. Am J Med Genet A 2008; 146A:1593-7. [DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.32217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Sévin M, Kutalik Z, Bergmann S, Vercelletto M, Renou P, Lamy E, Boisseau P, Bezieau S, Pasquier L, Rival J, Beckmann J, Damier P, Jacquemont S. Prévalence des troubles cognitifs chez les sujets porteurs de la prémutation du gène fmr1. Rev Neurol (Paris) 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/s0035-3787(08)70029-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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17
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Leehey MA, Berry-Kravis E, Goetz CG, Zhang L, Hall DA, Li L, Rice CD, Lara R, Cogswell J, Reynolds A, Gane L, Jacquemont S, Tassone F, Grigsby J, Hagerman RJ, Hagerman PJ. FMR1 CGG repeat length predicts motor dysfunction in premutation carriers. Neurology 2007; 70:1397-402. [PMID: 18057320 DOI: 10.1212/01.wnl.0000281692.98200.f5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 134] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Fragile X-associated tremor/ataxia syndrome (FXTAS) is a recently described, underrecognized neurodegenerative disorder of aging fragile X mental retardation 1 (FMR1) premutation carriers, particularly men. Core motor features are action tremor, gait ataxia, and parkinsonism. Carriers have expanded CGG repeats (55 to 200); larger expansions cause fragile X syndrome, the most common heritable cause of mental retardation and autism. This study determines whether CGG repeat length correlates with severity and type of motor dysfunction in premutation carriers. METHODS Persons aged >or=50 years with a family history of fragile X syndrome underwent structured videotaping. Movement disorder neurologists, blinded to carrier status, scored the tapes using modified standardized rating scales. CGG repeat length analyses for women incorporated the activation ratio, which measures the percentage of normal active chromosome X alleles. RESULTS Male carriers (n = 54) had significantly worse total motor scores, especially in tremor and ataxia, than age-matched male noncarriers (n = 51). There was a trend toward a difference between women carriers (n = 82) and noncarriers (n = 39). In men, increasing CGG repeat correlated with greater impairment in all motor signs. In women, when activation ratio was considered, increasing CGG correlated with greater ataxia. CONCLUSIONS CGG repeat size is significantly associated with overall motor impairment in premutation carriers. Whereas this association is most pronounced for men and covers overall motor impairment-tremor, ataxia, and parkinsonism-the association exists for ataxia among women carriers. This is the first report of a significant correlation between the premutation status and a motor feature of fragile X-associated tremor/ataxia syndrome in women.
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Affiliation(s)
- M A Leehey
- Department of Neurology, University of Colorado at Denver and Health Sciences Center, Denver, CO 80262, USA.
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Pitchon EM, Cachat F, Jacquemont S, Hinard C, Borruat FX, Schorderet DF, Morris MA, Munier FL. Patient with Fanconi Syndrome (FS) and retinitis pigmentosa (RP) caused by a deletion and duplication of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA). Klin Monbl Augenheilkd 2007; 224:340-3. [PMID: 17458809 DOI: 10.1055/s-2007-962854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We report a patient with a highly unusual presentation of a mitochondrial disorder. HISTORY AND SIGNS An 8-year old girl presented with muscular cramps as well as height and weight deceleration. Investigations revealed lactic acidosis, electrolytic imbalance and urinary loss of glucose and electrolytes secondary to proximal renal tubulopathy consistent with Fanconi syndrome (FS). Ophthalmic examination revealed asymptomatic retinitis pigmentosa (RP) with no other ocular manifestations. A mitochondriopathy was suspected and genetic analysis performed. THERAPY AND OUTCOME Southern blotting documented a heteroplasmic mutation of mtDNA with deletion/duplication. Three discrete mitochondrial genomes were detected: normal; deletion of 6.7 kb and a deletion/duplication consisting of 1 normal and 1 deleted genome. The relative proportions varied considerably between tissues. CONCLUSIONS The association of FS and RP combines features of Kearns-Sayre syndrome and Pearson marrow-pancreas syndrome, without being typical of either. This highly unusual clinical presentation emphasises the need for systemic investigation of patients with FS and further underlines the importance of mtDNA analysis in patients with unexpected associations of affected tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- E M Pitchon
- Jules Gonin Eye Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland
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Jacquemont S, Orrico A, Galli L, Sahota PK, Brunberg JA, Anichini C, Leehey M, Schaeffer S, Hagerman RJ, Hagerman PJ, Tassone F. Spastic paraparesis, cerebellar ataxia, and intention tremor: a severe variant of FXTAS? J Med Genet 2006; 42:e14. [PMID: 15689437 PMCID: PMC1735999 DOI: 10.1136/jmg.2004.024190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S Jacquemont
- MIND Institute, University of California Davis Medical Center, Sacramento, CA, USA
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Le Caignec C, Boceno M, Saugier-Veber P, Jacquemont S, Joubert M, David A, Frebourg T, Rival JM. Detection of genomic imbalances by array based comparative genomic hybridisation in fetuses with multiple malformations. J Med Genet 2006; 42:121-8. [PMID: 15689449 PMCID: PMC1735978 DOI: 10.1136/jmg.2004.025478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 164] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Malformations are a major cause of morbidity and mortality in full term infants and genomic imbalances are a significant component of their aetiology. However, the causes of defects in many patients with multiple congenital malformations remain unexplained despite thorough clinical examination and laboratory investigations. METHODS We used a commercially available array based comparative genomic hybridisation method (array CGH), able to screen all subtelomeric regions, main microdeletion syndromes, and 201 other regions covering the genome, to detect submicroscopic chromosomal imbalances in 49 fetuses with three or more significant anomalies and normal karyotype. RESULTS Array CGH identified eight genomic rearrangements (16.3%), all confirmed by quantitative multiplex PCR of short fluorescent fragments. Subtelomeric and interstitial deletions, submicroscopic duplications, and a complex genomic imbalance were identified. In four de novo cases (15qtel deletion, 16q23.1-q23.3 deletion, 22q11.2 deletion, and mosaicism for a rearranged chromosome 18), the genomic imbalance identified clearly underlay the pathological phenotype. In one case, the relationship between the genotype and phenotype was unclear, since a subtelomeric 6q deletion was detected in a mother and her two fetuses bearing multiple malformations. In three cases, a subtelomeric 10q duplication, probably a genomic polymorphism, was identified. CONCLUSIONS The detection of 5/49 causative chromosomal imbalances (or 4/49 if the 6qtel deletion is not considered as causative) suggests wide genome screening when standard chromosome analysis is normal and confirms that array CGH will have a major impact on pre and postnatal diagnosis as well as providing information for more accurate genetic counselling.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Le Caignec
- Service de Génétique Médicale, Institut de Biologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire, 9, quai Moncousu, 44093 Nantes Cedex, France.
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21
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Hall DA, Hagerman RJ, Hagerman PJ, Jacquemont S, Leehey MA. Prevalence of FMR1 repeat expansions in movement disorders. A systematic review. Neuroepidemiology 2006; 26:151-5. [PMID: 16493202 DOI: 10.1159/000091656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
We reviewed prevalence rates of fragile X mental retardation gene (FMR1) repeat expansions in movement disorder populations. Inclusion criteria included published epidemiological studies from systematic searches of Medline, Pubmed, Cochrane Databases and Web Science. Thirteen cross-sectional studies were carried out between 2003 and 2005. Subjects with ataxia showed higher than expected rates while those with essential tremor and parkinsonism showed lower rates. The heterogeneous design of the studies, inclusion criteria and mean age of subjects may have led to underestimation of FMR1 repeat expansion prevalence rates.
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Affiliation(s)
- D A Hall
- Department of Neurology, University of Colorado Health Sciences Center, Denver, CO 80262, USA.
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Hall DA, Berry-Kravis E, Jacquemont S, Rice CD, Cogswell J, Zhang L, Hagerman RJ, Hagerman PJ, Leehey MA. Initial diagnoses given to persons with the fragile X associated tremor/ataxia syndrome (FXTAS). Neurology 2006; 65:299-301. [PMID: 16043804 DOI: 10.1212/01.wnl.0000168900.86323.9c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Fragile X-associated tremor/ataxia syndrome (FXTAS) is a newly described disorder that occurs in premutation carriers of the fragile X mental retardation 1 (FMR1) gene. Fifty-six patients with FXTAS were given 98 prior diagnoses: most were in the categories of parkinsonism, tremor, ataxia, dementia, or stroke. Data from this study and others were used to develop guidelines for FMR1 diagnostic testing for FXTAS.
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Affiliation(s)
- D A Hall
- University of Colorado Health Sciences Center, Denver, CO 80262, USA
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Hagerman RJ, Leavitt BR, Farzin F, Jacquemont S, Greco CM, Brunberg JA, Tassone F, Hessl D, Harris SW, Zhang L, Jardini T, Gane LW, Ferranti J, Ruiz L, Leehey MA, Grigsby J, Hagerman PJ. Fragile-X-associated tremor/ataxia syndrome (FXTAS) in females with the FMR1 premutation. Am J Hum Genet 2004; 74:1051-6. [PMID: 15065016 PMCID: PMC1181968 DOI: 10.1086/420700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 255] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2003] [Accepted: 02/18/2004] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
We describe five female carriers of the FMR1 premutation who presented with symptoms of tremor and ataxia and who received a diagnosis of definite or probable fragile-X-associated tremor/ataxia syndrome (FXTAS). Unlike their male counterparts with FXTAS, none of the women had dementia. Females had not been reported in previous studies of FXTAS, suggesting that they may be relatively protected from this disorder. Brain tissue was available from one of the five subjects, a women who died at age 85 years; microscopic examination revealed intranuclear neuronal and astrocytic inclusions, in accord with the findings previously reported in males with FXTAS. The work-up of families with the FMR1 mutation should include questions regarding neurological symptoms in both older male and female carriers, with the expectation that females may also manifest the symptoms of FXTAS, although more subtly and less often than their male counterparts.
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Affiliation(s)
- R J Hagerman
- Medical Investigation of Neurodevelopmental Disorders Institute, University of California-Davis Medical Center, Sacramento, CA, 95817, USA.
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Nowicki ST, Jacquemont S, Li L, Nguyen DV, Gregg JP, Hagerman RJ, Hagerman PJ, Institute MI. 127 AN APPROACH TO IDENTIFY EPISTATIC GENES INVOLVED IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF AUTISM SPECTRUM DISORDER IN PATIENTS WITH FRAGILE X SYNDROME. J Investig Med 2004. [DOI: 10.1136/jim-52-suppl1-127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Jacquemont S, Farzin F, Hall D, Leehey M, Tassone F, Gane L, Zhang L, Grigsby J, Jardini T, Lewin F, Berry-Kravis E, Hagerman PJ, Hagerman RJ. Aging in Individuals With the FMR1 Mutation. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2004; 109:154-64. [PMID: 15000674 PMCID: PMC3249442 DOI: 10.1352/0895-8017(2004)109<154:aiiwtf>2.0.co;2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Individuals with fragile X mental retardation 1 (FMR1) premutation (55 to 200 CGG repeats) are typically unaffected by fragile X syndrome. However, a subgroup of older males with the premutation have developed a neurological syndrome, which usually begins between 50 and 70 years and is associated with a progressive intention tremor and/or ataxia manifested by balance problems, frequent falling, and Parkinsonian symptoms, such as masked facies, intermittent resting tremor, and mild rigidity. This finding has been termed the fragile X-associated tremor/ataxia syndrome (FXTAS) and has brought focus to the aging process in individuals with the FMR1 mutation. The premutation is associated with elevated messenger RNA levels leading to the formation of intranuclear inclusions in neurons and astrocytes associated with FXTAS. This review is a summary of our experience with FXTAS in male carriers of the premutation.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Jacquemont
- M.I.N.D. Institute, University of California, Davis, Medical Center, Sacremento 95817, USA
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26
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Nowicki ST, Jacquemont S, Li L, Nguyen DV, Gregg JP, Hagerman RJ, Hagerman PJ, Institute MI. AN APPROACH TO IDENTIFY EPISTATIC GENES INVOLVED IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF AUTISM SPECTRUM DISORDER IN PATIENTS WITH FRAGILE X SYNDROME. J Investig Med 2004. [DOI: 10.1097/00042871-200401001-00127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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27
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Faivre L, Cormier-Daire V, Lapierre JM, Colleaux L, Jacquemont S, Geneviéve D, Saunier P, Munnich A, Turleau C, Romana S, Prieur M, De Blois MC, Vekemans M. Deletion of the SIM1 gene (6q16.2) in a patient with a Prader-Willi-like phenotype. J Med Genet 2002; 39:594-6. [PMID: 12161602 PMCID: PMC1735217 DOI: 10.1136/jmg.39.8.594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Greco CM, Hagerman RJ, Tassone F, Chudley AE, Del Bigio MR, Jacquemont S, Leehey M, Hagerman PJ. Neuronal intranuclear inclusions in a new cerebellar tremor/ataxia syndrome among fragile X carriers. Brain 2002; 125:1760-71. [PMID: 12135967 DOI: 10.1093/brain/awf184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 417] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
A neurological syndrome involving progressive action tremor with ataxia, cognitive decline and generalized brain atrophy has been described recently in some adult males with pre-mutation alleles of the fragile X syndrome (FXS) fragile X mental retardation gene (FMR1). Neurohistological studies have now been performed on the brains of four elderly premutation carriers, not reported previously, who displayed the neurological phenotype. Eosinophilic, intranuclear inclusions were present in both neuronal and astrocytic nuclei of the cortex in all four individuals. Systematic analysis of the brains of two of these carriers demonstrated the presence of the intranuclear inclusions throughout the cerebrum and brainstem, being most numerous in the hippocampal formation. The cerebellum displayed marked dropout of Purkinje cells, Purkinje axonal torpedoes and Bergmann gliosis. Intranuclear inclusions were absent from Purkinje cells, although they were present in a small number of neurones in the dentate nucleus and diffusely in cerebellar astrocytes. The presence of inclusions in the brains of all four FXS carriers with the neurological findings provides further support for a unique clinical entity associated with pre-mutation FMR1 alleles. The origin of the inclusions is unknown, although elevated FMR1 mRNA levels in these pre-mutation carriers may lead to the neuropathological changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- C M Greco
- Department of Pathology, University of California, Davis, School of Medicine, USA
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29
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Jacquemont S, Barbarot S, Bocéno M, Stalder JF, David A. Familial congenital pulmonary lymphangectasia, non-immune hydrops fetalis, facial and lower limb lymphedema: confirmation of Njolstad's report. Am J Med Genet 2000; 93:264-8. [PMID: 10946350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/17/2023]
Abstract
We report on four cases, three familial and one sporadic, with congenital pulmonary lymphangectasia and facial and lower limb lymphedema. Hydrops fetalis was observed in three cases and death occurred in one of those. This is the third report describing inherited pulmonary lymphangectasia with a clinical phenotype very similar to that described by Njolstad et al. [1998: Eur J Pediatr 157: 498-501], who reported three sibs with non-immune hydrops fetalis (NIHF), chylothorax, pulmonary lymphangectasia, distal lymphedema, and swelling of the face. We think that the present report and that of Njolstad et al. describe a new condition very similar to Hennekam syndrome, which is characterized by autosomal recessive inheritance, intestinal lymphangiectasia, lymphedema of the lower limbs and facial anomalies (flat face, hypertelorism, flat, broad nasal bridge, lymphedema, tooth anomalies, and ear defects). Similarity with our cases and Hennekam syndrome will be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Jacquemont
- Service de Génétique Médicale Hôpital Mère Enfant, Nantes, France.
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Andre MT, Jacquemont S, Renault S, Airaud F, Herbert O, Moisan JP, Benichou B, Raguenes O. Rapid diagnostic test for detection of Cys282Tyr mutation in hereditary hemochromatosis. Dig Dis Sci 1998; 43:1339-40. [PMID: 9635628 DOI: 10.1023/a:1018884530378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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