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Caillaud E, Kerneis S, Bakhos D. Atypical cochleovestibular syndrome in a child. Eur Ann Otorhinolaryngol Head Neck Dis 2023:S1879-7296(23)00100-X. [PMID: 37838599 DOI: 10.1016/j.anorl.2023.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/16/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- E Caillaud
- Service ORL et chirurgie cervico-faciale, CHU de Tours, boulevard Tonnellé, 37044 Tours, France.
| | - S Kerneis
- Service ORL et chirurgie cervico-faciale, CHU de Tours, boulevard Tonnellé, 37044 Tours, France
| | - D Bakhos
- Service ORL et chirurgie cervico-faciale, CHU de Tours, boulevard Tonnellé, 37044 Tours, France; CHRU de Tours, université François-Rabelais de Tours, Inserm UMR 1253 I-Brain, 2, boulevard Tonnellé, 37044 Tours, France; Faculté de médecine de Tours, université François-Rabelais de Tours, CHRU de Tours, 2, boulevard Tonnellé, 37044 Tours, France; House Institute Foundation, 2100 W 3rd Street, Suite 111, Los Angeles, CA, 90057, United States
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Birgand G, Landelle C, Price JR, Mutters NT, Morgan DJ, Lucet JC, Kerneis S, Zingg W. Erratum: Considerations for de-escalating universal masking in healthcare centers - CORRIGENDUM. Antimicrob Steward Healthc Epidemiol 2023; 3:e157. [PMID: 37771734 PMCID: PMC10523537 DOI: 10.1017/ash.2023.438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/30/2023]
Abstract
[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1017/ash.2023.200.].
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Kerneis S, Caillaud E, Bakhos D. Auditory brainstem response: Key parameters for good-quality recording. Eur Ann Otorhinolaryngol Head Neck Dis 2023; 140:181-185. [PMID: 37069027 DOI: 10.1016/j.anorl.2023.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/19/2023]
Abstract
Auditory brainstem response (ABR) is widely used in ENT to investigate hearing loss. This test evaluates the response of the ascending auditory pathway, from cochlea to mesencephalon, following auditory stimulation. It provides precise analysis of waves numbered I to V according to location on the auditory pathway, in terms of amplitude, latency and inter-wave interval. Good-quality assessment requires familiarity with the parameters to be used and the factors likely to modify response. We describe the procedure for ABR examination and the recorded responses, with particular attention to factors influencing response to which the examiner must be vigilant. These factors are related to the individual (age, gender, hearing loss, body temperature, drug treatments), transducer (air or bone conduction), stimulation parameters (type, polarity, intensity, calibration, duration, cadence, number of clicks, background noise) and acquisition parameters (analysis window, scale, electrodes). We also briefly describe the clinical applications of this examination.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Kerneis
- CHU de Tours, Service d'ORL et chirurgie cervico-faciale, boulevard Tonnellé, 37044 Tours, France.
| | - E Caillaud
- CHU de Tours, Service d'ORL et chirurgie cervico-faciale, boulevard Tonnellé, 37044 Tours, France
| | - D Bakhos
- CHU de Tours, Service d'ORL et chirurgie cervico-faciale, boulevard Tonnellé, 37044 Tours, France; Inserm UMR 1253 I-Brain, université François-Rabelais de Tours, CHRU de Tours, 2, boulevard Tonnellé, 37044 Tours, France; Faculté de médecine de Tours, université François-Rabelais de Tours, CHRU de Tours, 2, boulevard Tonnellé, 37044 Tours, France; House Institute Foundation, 2100, W 3rd Street, Suite 111, Los Angeles, CA 90057, USA
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Landelle C, Birgand G, Price JR, Mutters NT, Morgan DJ, Lucet JC, Kerneis S, Zingg W. Considerations for de-escalating universal masking in healthcare centers. Antimicrob Steward Healthc Epidemiol 2023; 3:e128. [PMID: 37592969 PMCID: PMC10428150 DOI: 10.1017/ash.2023.200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Revised: 05/10/2023] [Accepted: 05/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/19/2023]
Abstract
Three years after the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic, better knowledge on the transmission of respiratory viral infections (RVI) including the contribution of asymptomatic infections encouraged most healthcare centers to implement universal masking. The evolution of the SARS-CoV-2 epidemiology and improved immunization of the population call for the infection and prevention control community to revisit the masking strategy in healthcare. In this narrative review, we consider factors for de-escalating universal masking in healthcare centers, addressing compliance with the mask policy, local epidemiology, the level of protection provided by medical face masks, the consequences of absenteeism and presenteeism, as well as logistics, costs, and ecological impact. Most current national and international guidelines for mask use are based on the level of community transmission of SARS-CoV-2. Actions are now required to refine future recommendations, such as establishing a list of the most relevant RVI to consider, implement reliable local RVI surveillance, and define thresholds for activating masking strategies. Considering the epidemiological context (measured via sentinel networks or wastewater analysis), and, if not available, considering a time period (winter season) may guide to three gradual levels of masking: (i) standard and transmission-based precautions and respiratory etiquette, (ii) systematic face mask wearing when in direct contact with patients, and (iii) universal masking. Cost-effectiveness analysis of the different strategies is warranted in the coming years. Masking is just one element to be considered along with other preventive measures such as staff and patient immunization, and efficient ventilation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Landelle
- University of Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, UMR 5525, Grenoble INP, CHU Grenoble Alpes, Infection Prevention and Control Unit, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Gabriel Birgand
- National Institute for Health Research Health Protection Research Unit in Healthcare Associated Infections and Antimicrobial Resistance at Imperial College London, London, UK
- Regional Center for Infection Prevention and Control Pays de la Loire, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nantes, Nantes, France
| | | | - Nico T. Mutters
- Institute for Hygiene and Public Health, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Daniel J. Morgan
- University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- VA Maryland Healthcare System, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Jean-Christophe Lucet
- Infection Control Unit, Hôpital Bichat-Claude Bernard, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Solen Kerneis
- Infection Control Unit, Hôpital Bichat-Claude Bernard, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Walter Zingg
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Hospital Epidemiology, University Hospital of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
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Sette AL, François P, Lesprit P, Vitrat V, Rogeaux O, Breugnon E, Baldeyrou M, Mondain V, Issartel B, Kerneis S, Diamantis S, Poitrenaud D, Boussat B, Pavese P. Infectious disease hotlines to provide advice to general practitioners: a prospective study. BMC Health Serv Res 2023; 23:502. [PMID: 37198604 DOI: 10.1186/s12913-023-09515-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2023] [Accepted: 05/08/2023] [Indexed: 05/19/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Telephone hotlines in infectious diseases (ID) are part of antimicrobial stewardship programs designed to provide support and expertise in ID and to control antibiotic resistance. The aim of the study was to characterize the activity of the ID hotlines and estimate their usefulness for general practitioners (GPs). METHODS This was a multicenter prospective observational study in different French regions. ID teams involved in antimicrobial stewardship with a hotline for GPs were asked to record their advice from April 2019 to June 2022. In these regions, all GPs were informed of the ID hotline's operating procedures. The main outcome was usage rate of the hotlines by GPs. RESULTS Ten volunteer ID teams collected 4138 requests for advice from 2171 GPs. The proportion of GPs using the hotline varied pronouncedly by region, from 54% in the Isere department, to less than 1% in departments with the lowest usage. These differences were associated with the number of physicians in ID teams and with the age of the hotline. These results highlighted the value of working time as a means of ensuring the permanence of expertise. The main reasons for calling were: a diagnostic question (44%); choice of antibiotic (31%). The ID specialist provided advice on antibiotic therapy (43%) or a proposal for specialized consultation or hospitalization (11%). CONCLUSIONS ID hotlines could help to strengthen cooperation between primary care and hospital medicine. However, the deployment and perpetuation of this activity require reflection concerning its institutional and financial support.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Luce Sette
- Médecine Générale, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Grenoble-Alpes, Grenoble, France.
| | - Patrice François
- Service d'épidémiologie et évaluation médicale, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Grenoble-Alpes, Pavillon Taillefer, La Tronche, 38700, France.
| | - Philippe Lesprit
- Service des maladies infectieuses et tropicales, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Grenoble-Alpes, Pavillon Taillefer, La Tronche, France
| | - Virginie Vitrat
- Service de maladies infectieuses, Centre Hospitalier d'Annecy, Annecy, France
| | - Olivier Rogeaux
- Service des maladies infectieuses et tropicales, Centre Hospitalier Métropole Savoie, Chambéry, France
| | - Emma Breugnon
- Service de maladies infectieuses, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Saint-Etienne, Saint- Etienne, France
| | - Marion Baldeyrou
- Maladies Infectieuses et Réanimation Médicale, Hôpital Pontchaillou, Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire, Rennes, France
| | - Véronique Mondain
- Maladies Infectieuses, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nice, Nice, France
| | - Bertrand Issartel
- Médecine Interne Infectieuse et Tropicale, MiiT médical selarl, Lyon-Villeurbanne, France
| | - Solen Kerneis
- Equipe Mobile d'Infectiologie, APHP, Hôpital Cochin, Paris, F-75014, France
| | - Sylvain Diamantis
- Service de Maladies infectieuses, Groupe Hospitalier Sud Ile de France, Melun, France
| | - Delphine Poitrenaud
- Maladies infectieuses et tropicales, Centre Hospitalier d'Ajaccio, Ajaccio, France
| | - Bastien Boussat
- Laboratoire TIMC-IMAG, Université de Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France
| | - Patricia Pavese
- Service des maladies infectieuses et tropicales, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Grenoble-Alpes, Pavillon Taillefer, La Tronche, France
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Lafaurie M, Montlahuc C, Kerneis S, de Lastours V, Abgrall S, Manceron V, Couzigou C, Chabrol A, de Raigniac A, Lescure X, Longuet P, Lesprit P, Vanjak D, Lepeule R. Efficacy of vancomycin lock therapy for totally implantable venous access port-related infection due to coagulase-negative staphylococci in 100 patients with cancer. J Antimicrob Chemother 2023; 78:1253-1258. [PMID: 37014800 DOI: 10.1093/jac/dkad083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 04/05/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Data on the efficacy of vancomycin catheter lock therapy (VLT) for conservative treatment of totally implantable venous access port-related infections (TIVAP-RI) due to CoNS are scarce. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of VLT in the treatment of TIVAP-RI due to CoNS in cancer patients. METHODS This prospective, observational, multicentre study included adults with cancer treated with VLT for a TIVAP-RI due to CoNS. The primary endpoint was the success of VLT, defined as no TIVAP removal nor TIVAP-RI recurrence within 3 months after initiation of VLT. The secondary endpoint was 3 month mortality. Risk factors for VLT failure were also analysed. RESULTS One hundred patients were included [men 53%, median age 63 years (IQR 53-72)]. Median duration of VLT was 12 days (IQR 9-14). Systemic antibiotic therapy was administered in 87 patients. VLT was successful in 44 patients. TIVAP could be reused after VLT in 51 patients. Recurrence of infection after completion of VLT occurred in 33 patients, among which TIVAP was removed in 27. Intermittent VLT (antibiotic solution left in place in the TIVAP lumen part of the time) was identified as a risk factor for TIVAP-RI recurrence. At 3 months, 26 deaths were reported; 1 (4%) was related to TIVAP-RI. CONCLUSIONS At 3 months, success of VLT for TIVAP-RI due to CoNS was low. However, removing TIVAP was avoided in nearly half the patients. Continuous locks should be preferred to intermittent locks. Identifying factors of success is essential to select patients who may benefit from VLT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthieu Lafaurie
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Saint-Louis, Paris, France
| | - Claire Montlahuc
- Department of Biostatistics, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Saint-Louis and Université Paris Cité, INSERM S 717, Paris, France
| | - Solen Kerneis
- Equipe de Prévention du Risque Infectieux (EPRI), Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Bichat and IAME Research Group, UMR 1137, Université Paris Cité and INSERM, Paris, France
| | - Victoire de Lastours
- Department of Internal Medicine, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Beaujon, Clichy, France and IAME Research Group, UMR 1137, Université Paris Cité and INSERM, Paris, France
| | - Sophie Abgrall
- Department of Internal Medicine, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Antoine Béclère Clamart, France and Université Paris-Saclay, INSERM U1018, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
| | | | | | - Amélie Chabrol
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Centre hospitalier Sud-Francilien, Corbeil Essonnes, France
| | - Axelle de Raigniac
- Department of Internal Medicine, Institut Hospitalier Site Kleber, Levallois Perret, France
| | - Xavier Lescure
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Bichat, Paris, France
| | - Pascale Longuet
- Department of Internal Medicine, Centre Hospitalier d'Argenteuil, France
| | - Philippe Lesprit
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Hopital Michalon, La Tronche, France
| | | | - Raphael Lepeule
- Antimicrobial Stewardship team, Department of Prevention, Diagnosis and Treatment of Infections, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Henri Mondor, Créteil, France
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Gouel-Cheron A, Kantor E, Rioux C, Kerneis S, Montravers P. Monkeypox-infected patients in the perioperative context: Recommendations from an expert centre. Anaesth Crit Care Pain Med 2022; 41:101122. [PMID: 35803574 PMCID: PMC9400400 DOI: 10.1016/j.accpm.2022.101122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2022] [Revised: 06/30/2022] [Accepted: 06/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Aurélie Gouel-Cheron
- Département d'Anesthésie-Réanimation, CHU Bichat-Claude Bernard, DMU PARABOL, AP-HP, Nord, Paris, France; Institut Pasteur, Antibodies in Therapy and Pathology, Inserm UMR 1222, Paris, France; National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Biostatistics Research Branch, Division of Clinical Research, Bethesda, MD, USA.
| | - Elie Kantor
- Département d'Anesthésie-Réanimation, CHU Bichat-Claude Bernard, DMU PARABOL, AP-HP, Nord, Paris, France
| | - Christophe Rioux
- Service de Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales, Hôpital Bichat Claude Bernard, AP-HP, Paris, France
| | - Solen Kerneis
- Université Paris Cité, INSERM, IAME, F-75018 Paris, France; Equipe de Prévention du Risque Infectieux (EPRI), AP-HP, Hôpital Bichat, F-75018 Paris, France
| | - Philippe Montravers
- Département d'Anesthésie-Réanimation, CHU Bichat-Claude Bernard, DMU PARABOL, AP-HP, Nord, Paris, France; Université Paris Cité, INSERM, IAME, F-75018 Paris, France; INSERM UMR 1152, Université de Paris, Paris, France
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Boussier J, Yatim N, Marchal A, Hadjadj J, Charbit B, El Sissy C, Carlier N, Pène F, Mouthon L, Tharaux P, Lafaurie-Bergeron A, Smadja D, Rieux-Laucat F, Duffy D, Kerneis S, Fremeaux-Bacchi V, Terrier B. Activation de la voie alterne du complément dans les formes sévères de COVID-19. Rev Med Interne 2021. [PMCID: PMC8610727 DOI: 10.1016/j.revmed.2021.10.286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Introduction Le SARS-CoV-2 est désormais responsable de plus de 4 millions de décès dans le monde. Les formes sévères de COVID-19 sont caractérisées par un état d’hyperinflammation, et l’utilisation de la corticothérapie a réduit significativement la mortalité. Des thérapies complémentaires plus spécifiques pourraient permettre d’améliorer la prise en charge des patients présentant des formes sévères. Dans ce contexte, les voies de signalisation en lien avec le système du complément semblent etre une cible idéale : on retrouve une surreprésentation des voies du compléments dans les cellules épithéliales pulmonaires, une élévation des marqueurs d’activation de la cascade du complément dans le plasma des patients atteints de COVID-19, et des déficits congénitaux dans les protéines de régulation du complément ont été associées à des formes plus sévères de la maladie. Cependant, nos connaissances des voies spécifiques activées du complément et leur lien avec la sévérité de la maladie restent limitées. Patients et méthodes Durant la première vague épidémique en France, nous avons recueilli les prélèvements de 32 patients COVID-19 présentant des niveaux de sévérité différents de la maladie. Nous avons déterminé l’expression ARN de 28 gènes du système du complément et les concentrations sériques de 6 protéines, représentant les trois voies du complément. Résultats L’expression des gènes du complément étaient régulées de façon différentielle selon la gravité de la COVID-19 : alors que la voie classique était activée chez tous les patients infectés, la forme sévère de la maladie était associée à une suractivation de la voie de la lectine et de la voie alterne, dont l’expression corrélait avec les marqueurs de l’inflammation et de coagulation. De plus, la properdine, régulateur positif majeur de la voie alterne, était exprimé à des niveaux élevés (ARN) chez les patients les plus graves, tandis que leurs niveaux protéiques étaient diminués, suggérant une consommation importante et la déposition au niveau des sites de l’activation du complément. De façon intéressante, les concentrations sériques basses de properdine étaient significativement associées au recours à la ventilation mécanique. Conclusion Cette étude apporte un éclairage sur le rôle potentiel de la voie alterne du complément dans les formes graves de COVID-19. Bien que des études histologiques et mécanistiques ainsi qu’une confirmation de ces résultats sur une plus grande cohorte soient nécessaires, ces résultats sont en faveur d’essais ciblant la voie alterne du complément chez les patients présentant des formes sévères de COVID-19.
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Pelleau S, Woudenberg T, Rosado J, Donnadieu F, Garcia L, Obadia T, Gardais S, Elgharbawy Y, Velay A, Gonzalez M, Nizou JY, Khelil N, Zannis K, Cockram C, Merkling SH, Meola A, Kerneis S, Terrier B, de Seze J, Planas D, Schwartz O, Dejardin F, Petres S, von Platen C, Pellerin SF, Arowas L, de Facci LP, Duffy D, Cheallaigh CN, Dunne J, Conlon N, Townsend L, Duong V, Auerswald H, Pinaud L, Tondeur L, Backovic M, Hoen B, Fontanet A, Mueller I, Fafi-Kremer S, Bruel T, White M. Kinetics of the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Antibody Response and Serological Estimation of Time Since Infection. J Infect Dis 2021; 224:1489-1499. [PMID: 34282461 PMCID: PMC8420633 DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jiab375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Accepted: 07/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Infection with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) induces a complex antibody response that varies by orders of magnitude between individuals and over time. METHODS We developed a multiplex serological test for measuring antibodies to 5 SARS-CoV-2 antigens and the spike proteins of seasonal coronaviruses. We measured antibody responses in cohorts of hospitalized patients and healthcare workers followed for up to 11 months after symptoms. A mathematical model of antibody kinetics was used to quantify the duration of antibody responses. Antibody response data were used to train algorithms for estimating time since infection. RESULTS One year after symptoms, we estimate that 36% (95% range, 11%-94%) of anti-Spike immunoglobulin G (IgG) remains, 31% (95% range, 9%-89%) anti-RBD IgG remains, and 7% (1%-31%) of anti-nucleocapsid IgG remains. The multiplex assay classified previous infections into time intervals of 0-3 months, 3-6 months, and 6-12 months. This method was validated using data from a seroprevalence survey in France, demonstrating that historical SARS-CoV-2 transmission can be reconstructed using samples from a single survey. CONCLUSIONS In addition to diagnosing previous SARS-CoV-2 infection, multiplex serological assays can estimate the time since infection, which can be used to reconstruct past epidemics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stéphane Pelleau
- Infectious Disease Epidemiology and Analytics Unit, Department of Global Health, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
- Malaria: Parasites and Hosts Unit, Department of Parasites and Insect Vectors, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
| | - Tom Woudenberg
- Infectious Disease Epidemiology and Analytics Unit, Department of Global Health, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
- Malaria: Parasites and Hosts Unit, Department of Parasites and Insect Vectors, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
| | - Jason Rosado
- Infectious Disease Epidemiology and Analytics Unit, Department of Global Health, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
- Malaria: Parasites and Hosts Unit, Department of Parasites and Insect Vectors, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
- Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
| | - Françoise Donnadieu
- Infectious Disease Epidemiology and Analytics Unit, Department of Global Health, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
- Malaria: Parasites and Hosts Unit, Department of Parasites and Insect Vectors, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
| | - Laura Garcia
- Infectious Disease Epidemiology and Analytics Unit, Department of Global Health, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
- Malaria: Parasites and Hosts Unit, Department of Parasites and Insect Vectors, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
| | - Thomas Obadia
- Infectious Disease Epidemiology and Analytics Unit, Department of Global Health, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
- Malaria: Parasites and Hosts Unit, Department of Parasites and Insect Vectors, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
- Hub de Bioinformatique et Biostatistique, Département Biologie Computationnelle, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
| | - Soazic Gardais
- Malaria: Parasites and Hosts Unit, Department of Parasites and Insect Vectors, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
| | - Yasmine Elgharbawy
- Malaria: Parasites and Hosts Unit, Department of Parasites and Insect Vectors, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
| | - Aurelie Velay
- Centres Hospitaliers et Universitaires de Strasbourg, Laboratoire de Virologie, Strasbourg, France
- Université de Strasbourg, Inserm, Immuno-Rhumathologie moléculaire Unité Mixte de Recherche_S 1109, Strasbourg, France
| | - Maria Gonzalez
- Centres Hospitaliers et Universitaires de Strasbourg, Service de Pathologies Professionnelles, Strasbourg, France
| | | | | | | | - Charlotte Cockram
- Spatial Regulation of Genomes Unit, Department of Genomes and Genetics, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
| | - Sarah Hélène Merkling
- Insect-Virus Interactions Unit, Department of Virology and French National Center for Scientific Research Unité Mixte de Recherche 2000, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
| | - Annalisa Meola
- Structural Virology Unit, Department of Virology and French National Center for Scientific Research Unité Mixte de Recherche 3569, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
| | - Solen Kerneis
- Equipe de Prévention du Risque Infectieux, Assistance Publique – Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Bichat, Paris, France
- Université de Paris, Inserm, Infection Antimicrobials Modelling Evolution, Paris, France
- Epidemiology and Modelling of Antibiotic Evasion, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
| | - Benjamin Terrier
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Referral Center for Rare Systemic Autoimmune Diseases, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris-Centre, Université de Paris, Paris,France
- Paris-Centre de Recherche Cardiovasculaire, Inserm U970, Paris, France
| | - Jerome de Seze
- Centre d’Investigation Clinique, Inserm CIC-1434, Strasbourg, France
| | - Delphine Planas
- Virus and Immunity Unit, Department of Virology, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
| | - Olivier Schwartz
- Virus and Immunity Unit, Department of Virology, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
| | - François Dejardin
- Production and Purification of Recombinant Proteins Technological Platform, Center for Technological Resources and Research, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
| | - Stéphane Petres
- Production and Purification of Recombinant Proteins Technological Platform, Center for Technological Resources and Research, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
| | | | | | - Laurence Arowas
- Investigation Clinique et Accès aux Ressources Biologiques, Center for Translational Research, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
| | - Louise Perrin de Facci
- Investigation Clinique et Accès aux Ressources Biologiques, Center for Translational Research, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
| | - Darragh Duffy
- Translational Immunology Laboratory, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
| | - Clíona Ní Cheallaigh
- Department of Infectious Diseases, St James’s Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
- Department of Clinical Medicine, School of Medicine, Trinity Translational Medicine Institute, Trinity College, Dublin,Ireland
| | - Jean Dunne
- Department of Immunology, St James’s Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Trinity College, Dublin,Ireland
| | - Niall Conlon
- Department of Immunology, St James’s Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Trinity College, Dublin,Ireland
| | - Liam Townsend
- Department of Infectious Diseases, St James’s Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
- Department of Clinical Medicine, School of Medicine, Trinity Translational Medicine Institute, Trinity College, Dublin,Ireland
| | - Veasna Duong
- Virology Unit, Institut Pasteur du Cambodge, Institut Pasteur International Network, Phnom Penh,Cambodia
| | - Heidi Auerswald
- Virology Unit, Institut Pasteur du Cambodge, Institut Pasteur International Network, Phnom Penh,Cambodia
| | - Laurie Pinaud
- Epidemiology of Emerging Diseases Unit, Department of Global Health, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
| | - Laura Tondeur
- Epidemiology of Emerging Diseases Unit, Department of Global Health, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
| | - Marija Backovic
- Structural Virology Unit, Department of Virology and French National Center for Scientific Research Unité Mixte de Recherche 3569, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
| | - Bruno Hoen
- Direction de la Recherche Médicale, Centre de Recherche Translationelle, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
| | - Arnaud Fontanet
- Epidemiology of Emerging Diseases Unit, Department of Global Health, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
- Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers, Paris, France
| | - Ivo Mueller
- Malaria: Parasites and Hosts Unit, Department of Parasites and Insect Vectors, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
- Division of Population Health and Immunity, Walter and Eliza Hall Institute, Melbourne, Australia
- Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Samira Fafi-Kremer
- Centres Hospitaliers et Universitaires de Strasbourg, Laboratoire de Virologie, Strasbourg, France
- Université de Strasbourg, Inserm, Immuno-Rhumathologie moléculaire Unité Mixte de Recherche_S 1109, Strasbourg, France
| | - Timothée Bruel
- Virus and Immunity Unit, Department of Virology, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
- Vaccine Research Institute, Creteil, France
| | - Michael White
- Infectious Disease Epidemiology and Analytics Unit, Department of Global Health, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
- Malaria: Parasites and Hosts Unit, Department of Parasites and Insect Vectors, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
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10
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Hansel B, Potier L, Chalopin S, Larger E, Gautier JF, Delestre F, Masdoua V, Visseaux B, Lucet JC, Kerneis S, Abouleka Y, Thebaut JF, Riveline JP, Kadouch D, Roussel R. The COVID-19 lockdown as an opportunity to change lifestyle and body weight in people with overweight/obesity and diabetes: Results from the national French COVIDIAB cohort. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2021; 31:2605-2611. [PMID: 34348875 PMCID: PMC9187903 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2021.05.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2020] [Revised: 05/10/2021] [Accepted: 05/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS To analyze lifestyle habits and weight evolution during the COVID-19 pandemic-associated lockdown, in diabetes and overweight/obesity patients (body mass index (BMI) [25-29.9] and ≥30 kg/m2, respectively). METHODS AND RESULTS We collected information on participants' characteristics and behavior regarding lifestyle before and during the lockdown, through the CoviDIAB web application, which is available freely for people with diabetes in France. We stratified the cohort according to BMI (≥25 kg/m2vs < 25 kg/m2) and examined the determinants of weight loss (WL), WL > 1 kg vs no-WL) in participants with a BMI ≥25 kg/m2, in both univariate and multivariate analyses. Of the 5280 participants (mean age, 52.5 years; men, 49%; diabetes, 100% by design), 69.5% were overweight or obese (mean BMI, 28.6 kg/m2 (6.1)). During the lockdown, patients often quit or decreased smoking; overweight/obese participants increased alcohol consumption less frequently as compared with normal BMI patients. In addition, overweight/obese patients were more likely to improve other healthy behaviors on a larger scale than patients with normal BMI: increased intake of fruits and vegetables, reduction of snacks intake, and reduction of total dietary intake. WL was observed in 18.9% of people with a BMI ≥25 kg/m2, whereas 28.6% of them gained weight. Lifestyle favorable changes characterized patients with WL. CONCLUSIONS A significant proportion of overweight/obese patients with diabetes seized the opportunity of lockdown to improve their lifestyle and to lose weight. Identifying those people may help clinicians to personalize practical advice in the case of a recurrent lockdown.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boris Hansel
- Diabetology, Endocrinology and Nutrition Department, Bichat Hospital, Federation of Diabetology in Paris, APHP, Paris, France; Université de Paris, LVTS, INSERM U1148, F-75018, Paris, France.
| | - Louis Potier
- Diabetology, Endocrinology and Nutrition Department, Bichat Hospital, Federation of Diabetology in Paris, APHP, Paris, France; Université de Paris, ImMeDiab, INSERM U1138, Paris, France
| | - Sarah Chalopin
- Diabetology, Endocrinology and Nutrition Department, Bichat Hospital, Federation of Diabetology in Paris, APHP, Paris, France
| | - Etienne Larger
- Diabetology Department, Cochin Hospital, APHP, Paris, France; Université de Paris, Institut Cochin, Inserm U1016, CNRS UMR8104, F-75014, Paris, France
| | - Jean-François Gautier
- Université de Paris, ImMeDiab, INSERM U1138, Paris, France; Department of Diabetology and Endocrinology, Lariboisière Hospital, APHP, Paris, France
| | | | | | - Benoit Visseaux
- Laboratory of Virology, Bichat Hospital, APHP, Paris, France; Université de Paris, INSERM, IAME, F-75018 Paris, France
| | - Jean-Christophe Lucet
- Université de Paris, INSERM, IAME, F-75018 Paris, France; Equipe de Prévention du Risque Infectieux (EPRI), AP-HP, Hôpital Bichat, F-75018 Paris, France
| | - Solen Kerneis
- Université de Paris, INSERM, IAME, F-75018 Paris, France; Equipe de Prévention du Risque Infectieux (EPRI), AP-HP, Hôpital Bichat, F-75018 Paris, France
| | - Yawa Abouleka
- Diabetology, Endocrinology and Nutrition Department, Bichat Hospital, Federation of Diabetology in Paris, APHP, Paris, France
| | | | - Jean-Pierre Riveline
- Université de Paris, ImMeDiab, INSERM U1138, Paris, France; Department of Diabetology and Endocrinology, Lariboisière Hospital, APHP, Paris, France
| | - Diana Kadouch
- Diabetology, Endocrinology and Nutrition Department, Bichat Hospital, Federation of Diabetology in Paris, APHP, Paris, France
| | - Ronan Roussel
- Diabetology, Endocrinology and Nutrition Department, Bichat Hospital, Federation of Diabetology in Paris, APHP, Paris, France; Université de Paris, ImMeDiab, INSERM U1138, Paris, France
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11
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Contejean A, Tisseyre M, Canouï E, Treluyer JM, Kerneis S, Chouchana L. Combination of vancomycin plus piperacillin and risk of acute kidney injury: a worldwide pharmacovigilance database analysis. J Antimicrob Chemother 2021; 76:1311-1314. [PMID: 33617641 DOI: 10.1093/jac/dkab003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2020] [Accepted: 12/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Excess of acute kidney injury (AKI) secondary to the association of vancomycin plus piperacillin is debated. OBJECTIVES To detect a signal for an increased risk of AKI with the vancomycin and piperacillin combination compared with other vancomycin-based regimens. METHODS Using VigiBase, the WHO global database of individual case safety reports (ICSR) from 1997 to 2019, we conducted a disproportionality analysis comparing the reporting of AKI cases between different vancomycin-based regimens (vancomycin plus piperacillin, cefepime or meropenem). To take into account a possible notoriety bias, we secondarily restricted the study period to before 2014, the date of the first publication of AKI in patients receiving vancomycin plus piperacillin. Results are expressed using the reporting OR (ROR) and its 95% CI. RESULTS From 1997 to 2019, 53 701 ICSR concerning vancomycin have been registered in the database, including 6016 reports of AKI (11.2%), among which 925 (15.4%) were reported with vancomycin/piperacillin, 339 (5.6%) with vancomycin/cefepime and 197 (3.7%) with vancomycin/meropenem. ROR (95% CI) for AKI was 2.6 (2.4-2.8) for vancomycin/piperacillin, 2.5 (2.2-2.9) for vancomycin/cefepime and 0.5 (0.4-0.6) for vancomycin/meropenem versus other vancomycin-containing regimens. After restriction of the study period to 1997-2013, the ROR for AKI remains significant only for vancomycin/piperacillin [ROR (95% CI) = 2.1 (1.8-2.4)]. CONCLUSIONS We found a disproportionality in reports of AKI in patients receiving vancomycin plus piperacillin compared with vancomycin in other regimens. This suggests a drug-drug interaction between these two antibiotics resulting in an increased risk of AKI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrien Contejean
- Université de Paris, Faculté de Médecine, F-75006 Paris, France.,Équipe Mobile d'Infectiologie, AP-HP, APHP.CUP, Hôpital Cochin, F-75014 Paris, France
| | | | - Etienne Canouï
- Équipe Mobile d'Infectiologie, AP-HP, APHP.CUP, Hôpital Cochin, F-75014 Paris, France
| | - Jean-Marc Treluyer
- Université de Paris, Faculté de Médecine, F-75006 Paris, France.,Centre Régional de Pharmacovigilance, Service de Pharmacologie, AP-HP, APHP.CUP, Hôpital Cochin, F-75014 Paris, France
| | - Solen Kerneis
- Équipe Mobile d'Infectiologie, AP-HP, APHP.CUP, Hôpital Cochin, F-75014 Paris, France.,Université de Paris, INSERM, IAME, F-75006 Paris, France.,Institut Pasteur, Epidemiology and Modelling of Antibiotic Evasion (EMAE), F-75015 Paris, France
| | - Laurent Chouchana
- Centre Régional de Pharmacovigilance, Service de Pharmacologie, AP-HP, APHP.CUP, Hôpital Cochin, F-75014 Paris, France
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12
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Rosado J, Pelleau S, Cockram C, Merkling SH, Nekkab N, Demeret C, Meola A, Kerneis S, Terrier B, Fafi-Kremer S, de Seze J, Bruel T, Dejardin F, Petres S, Longley R, Fontanet A, Backovic M, Mueller I, White MT. Multiplex assays for the identification of serological signatures of SARS-CoV-2 infection: an antibody-based diagnostic and machine learning study. Lancet Microbe 2021; 2:e60-e69. [PMID: 33521709 PMCID: PMC7837364 DOI: 10.1016/s2666-5247(20)30197-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Infection with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) induces an antibody response targeting multiple antigens that changes over time. This study aims to take advantage of this complexity to develop more accurate serological diagnostics. METHODS A multiplex serological assay was developed to measure IgG and IgM antibody responses to seven SARS-CoV-2 spike or nucleoprotein antigens, two antigens for the nucleoproteins of the 229E and NL63 seasonal coronaviruses, and three non-coronavirus antigens. Antibodies were measured in serum samples collected up to 39 days after symptom onset from 215 adults in four French hospitals (53 patients and 162 health-care workers) with quantitative RT-PCR-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection, and negative control serum samples collected from healthy adult blood donors before the start of the SARS-CoV-2 epidemic (335 samples from France, Thailand, and Peru). Machine learning classifiers were trained with the multiplex data to classify individuals with previous SARS-CoV-2 infection, with the best classification performance displayed by a random forests algorithm. A Bayesian mathematical model of antibody kinetics informed by prior information from other coronaviruses was used to estimate time-varying antibody responses and assess the sensitivity and classification performance of serological diagnostics during the first year following symptom onset. A statistical estimator is presented that can provide estimates of seroprevalence in very low-transmission settings. FINDINGS IgG antibody responses to trimeric spike protein (Stri) identified individuals with previous SARS-CoV-2 infection with 91·6% (95% CI 87·5-94·5) sensitivity and 99·1% (97·4-99·7) specificity. Using a serological signature of IgG and IgM to multiple antigens, it was possible to identify infected individuals with 98·8% (96·5-99·6) sensitivity and 99·3% (97·6-99·8) specificity. Informed by existing data from other coronaviruses, we estimate that 1 year after infection, a monoplex assay with optimal anti-Stri IgG cutoff has 88·7% (95% credible interval 63·4-97·4) sensitivity and that a four-antigen multiplex assay can increase sensitivity to 96·4% (80·9-100·0). When applied to population-level serological surveys, statistical analysis of multiplex data allows estimation of seroprevalence levels less than 2%, below the false-positivity rate of many other assays. INTERPRETATION Serological signatures based on antibody responses to multiple antigens can provide accurate and robust serological classification of individuals with previous SARS-CoV-2 infection. This provides potential solutions to two pressing challenges for SARS-CoV-2 serological surveillance: classifying individuals who were infected more than 6 months ago and measuring seroprevalence in serological surveys in very low-transmission settings. FUNDING European Research Council. Fondation pour la Recherche Médicale. Institut Pasteur Task Force COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason Rosado
- Malaria: Parasites and Hosts Unit, Department of Parasites and Insect Vectors, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
- ED 393, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
| | - Stéphane Pelleau
- Malaria: Parasites and Hosts Unit, Department of Parasites and Insect Vectors, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
| | - Charlotte Cockram
- Spatial Regulation of Genomes Unit, Department of Genomes and Genetics, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
| | - Sarah Hélène Merkling
- Insect-Virus Interactions Unit, Department of Virology, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
| | - Narimane Nekkab
- Malaria: Parasites and Hosts Unit, Department of Parasites and Insect Vectors, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
| | - Caroline Demeret
- Molecular Genetics of RNA Viruses Unit, Department of Virology, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
| | - Annalisa Meola
- Structural Virology Unit, Department of Virology and CNRS UMR 3569, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
| | - Solen Kerneis
- Epidemiology and Modelling of Bacterial Escape to Antimicrobials Unit, Department of Global Health, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
- Equipe Mobile d'Infectiologie, APHP Centre-Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Benjamin Terrier
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Referral Center for Rare Systemic Autoimmune Diseases, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris-Centre (APHP-CUP), Université de Paris, Paris, France
- Paris-Cardiovascular Research Center, INSERM U970, Paris, France
| | - Samira Fafi-Kremer
- CHU de Strasbourg, Laboratoire de Virologie, Strasbourg, France
- Université de Strasbourg, INSERM, IRM UMR_S 1109, Strasbourg, France
| | - Jerome de Seze
- Centre d'Investigation Clinique - INSERM CIC-1434, Strasbourg, France
| | - Timothée Bruel
- Virus and Immunity Unit, Department of Virology, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
- Vaccine Research Institute, Creteil, France
| | - François Dejardin
- Production and Purification of Recombinant Proteins Technological Platform, Center for Technological Resources and Research, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
| | - Stéphane Petres
- Production and Purification of Recombinant Proteins Technological Platform, Center for Technological Resources and Research, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
| | - Rhea Longley
- Division of Population Health and Immunity, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Arnaud Fontanet
- Epidemiology of Emerging Diseases Unit, Department of Global Health, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
| | - Marija Backovic
- Structural Virology Unit, Department of Virology and CNRS UMR 3569, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
| | - Ivo Mueller
- Malaria: Parasites and Hosts Unit, Department of Parasites and Insect Vectors, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
- Division of Population Health and Immunity, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Michael T White
- Malaria: Parasites and Hosts Unit, Department of Parasites and Insect Vectors, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
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13
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Abstract
IMPORTANCE Controversy remains regarding the transmission routes of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). OBJECTIVE To review current evidence on air contamination with SARS-CoV-2 in hospital settings and the factors associated with contamination, including viral load and particle size. EVIDENCE REVIEW The MEDLINE, Embase, and Web of Science databases were systematically queried for original English-language articles detailing SARS-CoV-2 air contamination in hospital settings between January 1 and October 27, 2020. This study was conducted in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR) guidelines. The positivity rate of SARS-CoV-2 viral RNA and culture were described and compared according to the setting, clinical context, air ventilation system, and distance from patients. The SARS-CoV-2 RNA concentrations in copies per meter cubed of air were pooled, and their distribution was described by hospital areas. Particle sizes and SARS-CoV-2 RNA concentrations in copies or median tissue culture infectious dose (TCID50) per meter cubed were analyzed after categorization as less than 1 μm, from 1 to 4 μm, and greater than 4 μm. FINDINGS Among 2284 records identified, 24 cross-sectional observational studies were included in the review. Overall, 82 of 471 air samples (17.4%) from close patient environments were positive for SARS-CoV-2 RNA, with a significantly higher positivity rate in intensive care unit settings (intensive care unit, 27 of 107 [25.2%] vs non-intensive care unit, 39 of 364 [10.7%]; P < .001). There was no difference according to the distance from patients (≤1 m, 3 of 118 [2.5%] vs >1-5 m, 13 of 236 [5.5%]; P = .22). The positivity rate was 5 of 21 air samples (23.8%) in toilets, 20 of 242 (8.3%) in clinical areas, 15 of 122 (12.3%) in staff areas, and 14 of 42 (33.3%) in public areas. A total of 81 viral cultures were performed across 5 studies, and 7 (8.6%) from 2 studies were positive, all from close patient environments. The median (interquartile range) SARS-CoV-2 RNA concentrations varied from 1.0 × 103 copies/m3 (0.4 × 103 to 3.1 × 103 copies/m3) in clinical areas to 9.7 × 103 copies/m3 (5.1 × 103 to 14.3 × 103 copies/m3) in the air of toilets or bathrooms. Protective equipment removal and patient rooms had high concentrations per titer of SARS-CoV-2 (varying from 0.9 × 103 to 40 × 103 copies/m3 and 3.8 × 103 to 7.2 × 103 TCID50/m3), with aerosol size distributions that showed peaks in the region of particle size less than 1 μm; staff offices had peaks in the region of particle size greater than 4 μm. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE In this systematic review, the air close to and distant from patients with coronavirus disease 2019 was frequently contaminated with SARS-CoV-2 RNA; however, few of these samples contained viable viruses. High viral loads found in toilets and bathrooms, staff areas, and public hallways suggest that these areas should be carefully considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel Birgand
- National Institute of Health Research Health Protection Research Unit in Healthcare Associated Infection and Antimicrobial Resistance, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
- Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire de Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - Nathan Peiffer-Smadja
- National Institute of Health Research Health Protection Research Unit in Healthcare Associated Infection and Antimicrobial Resistance, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
- INSERM, IAME, UMR 1137, Paris, France
- Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Bichat-Claude Bernard, Infectious Diseases Unit, Paris, Paris, France
- Equipe Operationnelle d'Hygiène, Siège Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
- Universitaire Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Sandra Fournier
- Central Infection Control Team, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Solen Kerneis
- Equipe Mobile d'Infectiologie, Hôpital Cochin, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
- Equipe de Prévention du Risque Infectieux, Hôpital Bichat, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
| | - François-Xavier Lescure
- INSERM, IAME, UMR 1137, Paris, France
- Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Bichat-Claude Bernard, Infectious Diseases Unit, Paris, Paris, France
- Equipe Operationnelle d'Hygiène, Siège Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
- Universitaire Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Jean-Christophe Lucet
- INSERM, IAME, UMR 1137, Paris, France
- Equipe Operationnelle d'Hygiène, Siège Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
- Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Bichat-Claude Bernard, Infection Control Unit, Paris, France
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14
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Abstract
IMPORTANCE Controversy remains regarding the transmission routes of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). OBJECTIVE To review current evidence on air contamination with SARS-CoV-2 in hospital settings and the factors associated with contamination, including viral load and particle size. EVIDENCE REVIEW The MEDLINE, Embase, and Web of Science databases were systematically queried for original English-language articles detailing SARS-CoV-2 air contamination in hospital settings between January 1 and October 27, 2020. This study was conducted in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR) guidelines. The positivity rate of SARS-CoV-2 viral RNA and culture were described and compared according to the setting, clinical context, air ventilation system, and distance from patients. The SARS-CoV-2 RNA concentrations in copies per meter cubed of air were pooled, and their distribution was described by hospital areas. Particle sizes and SARS-CoV-2 RNA concentrations in copies or median tissue culture infectious dose (TCID50) per meter cubed were analyzed after categorization as less than 1 μm, from 1 to 4 μm, and greater than 4 μm. FINDINGS Among 2284 records identified, 24 cross-sectional observational studies were included in the review. Overall, 82 of 471 air samples (17.4%) from close patient environments were positive for SARS-CoV-2 RNA, with a significantly higher positivity rate in intensive care unit settings (intensive care unit, 27 of 107 [25.2%] vs non-intensive care unit, 39 of 364 [10.7%]; P < .001). There was no difference according to the distance from patients (≤1 m, 3 of 118 [2.5%] vs >1-5 m, 13 of 236 [5.5%]; P = .22). The positivity rate was 5 of 21 air samples (23.8%) in toilets, 20 of 242 (8.3%) in clinical areas, 15 of 122 (12.3%) in staff areas, and 14 of 42 (33.3%) in public areas. A total of 81 viral cultures were performed across 5 studies, and 7 (8.6%) from 2 studies were positive, all from close patient environments. The median (interquartile range) SARS-CoV-2 RNA concentrations varied from 1.0 × 103 copies/m3 (0.4 × 103 to 3.1 × 103 copies/m3) in clinical areas to 9.7 × 103 copies/m3 (5.1 × 103 to 14.3 × 103 copies/m3) in the air of toilets or bathrooms. Protective equipment removal and patient rooms had high concentrations per titer of SARS-CoV-2 (varying from 0.9 × 103 to 40 × 103 copies/m3 and 3.8 × 103 to 7.2 × 103 TCID50/m3), with aerosol size distributions that showed peaks in the region of particle size less than 1 μm; staff offices had peaks in the region of particle size greater than 4 μm. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE In this systematic review, the air close to and distant from patients with coronavirus disease 2019 was frequently contaminated with SARS-CoV-2 RNA; however, few of these samples contained viable viruses. High viral loads found in toilets and bathrooms, staff areas, and public hallways suggest that these areas should be carefully considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel Birgand
- National Institute of Health Research Health Protection Research Unit in Healthcare Associated Infection and Antimicrobial Resistance, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
- Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire de Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - Nathan Peiffer-Smadja
- National Institute of Health Research Health Protection Research Unit in Healthcare Associated Infection and Antimicrobial Resistance, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
- INSERM, IAME, UMR 1137, Paris, France
- Assistance Publique–Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Bichat–Claude Bernard, Infectious Diseases Unit, Paris, Paris, France
- Equipe Operationnelle d'Hygiène, Siège Assistance Publique–Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
- Universitaire Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Sandra Fournier
- Central Infection Control Team, Assistance Publique–Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Solen Kerneis
- Equipe Mobile d’Infectiologie, Hôpital Cochin, Assistance Publique–Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
- Equipe de Prévention du Risque Infectieux, Hôpital Bichat, Assistance Publique–Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
| | - François-Xavier Lescure
- INSERM, IAME, UMR 1137, Paris, France
- Assistance Publique–Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Bichat–Claude Bernard, Infectious Diseases Unit, Paris, Paris, France
- Equipe Operationnelle d'Hygiène, Siège Assistance Publique–Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
- Universitaire Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Jean-Christophe Lucet
- INSERM, IAME, UMR 1137, Paris, France
- Equipe Operationnelle d'Hygiène, Siège Assistance Publique–Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
- Assistance Publique–Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Bichat–Claude Bernard, Infection Control Unit, Paris, France
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15
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Contejean A, Jaffrelot L, Benaboud S, Treluyer J, Grignano E, Willems L, Gauzit R, Bouscary D, Hirt D, Kerneis S. Un modèle pharmacocinétique du méropénème chez le patient traité pour une hémopathie maligne. Med Mal Infect 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.medmal.2020.06.086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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16
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Mahévas M, Tran VT, Roumier M, Chabrol A, Paule R, Guillaud C, Fois E, Lepeule R, Szwebel TA, Lescure FX, Schlemmer F, Matignon M, Khellaf M, Crickx E, Terrier B, Morbieu C, Legendre P, Dang J, Schoindre Y, Pawlotsky JM, Michel M, Perrodeau E, Carlier N, Roche N, de Lastours V, Ourghanlian C, Kerneis S, Ménager P, Mouthon L, Audureau E, Ravaud P, Godeau B, Gallien S, Costedoat-Chalumeau N. Clinical efficacy of hydroxychloroquine in patients with covid-19 pneumonia who require oxygen: observational comparative study using routine care data. BMJ 2020; 369:m1844. [PMID: 32409486 PMCID: PMC7221472 DOI: 10.1136/bmj.m1844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 268] [Impact Index Per Article: 67.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess the effectiveness of hydroxychloroquine in patients admitted to hospital with coronavirus disease 2019 (covid-19) pneumonia who require oxygen. DESIGN Comparative observational study using data collected from routine care. SETTING Four French tertiary care centres providing care to patients with covid-19 pneumonia between 12 March and 31 March 2020. PARTICIPANTS 181 patients aged 18-80 years with documented severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pneumonia who required oxygen but not intensive care. INTERVENTIONS Hydroxychloroquine at a dose of 600 mg/day within 48 hours of admission to hospital (treatment group) versus standard care without hydroxychloroquine (control group). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES The primary outcome was survival without transfer to the intensive care unit at day 21. Secondary outcomes were overall survival, survival without acute respiratory distress syndrome, weaning from oxygen, and discharge from hospital to home or rehabilitation (all at day 21). Analyses were adjusted for confounding factors by inverse probability of treatment weighting. RESULTS In the main analysis, 84 patients who received hydroxychloroquine within 48 hours of admission to hospital (treatment group) were compared with 89 patients who did not receive hydroxychloroquine (control group). Eight additional patients received hydroxychloroquine more than 48 hours after admission. In the weighted analyses, the survival rate without transfer to the intensive care unit at day 21 was 76% in the treatment group and 75% in the control group (weighted hazard ratio 0.9, 95% confidence interval 0.4 to 2.1). Overall survival at day 21 was 89% in the treatment group and 91% in the control group (1.2, 0.4 to 3.3). Survival without acute respiratory distress syndrome at day 21 was 69% in the treatment group compared with 74% in the control group (1.3, 0.7 to 2.6). At day 21, 82% of patients in the treatment group had been weaned from oxygen compared with 76% in the control group (weighted risk ratio 1.1, 95% confidence interval 0.9 to 1.3). Eight patients in the treatment group (10%) experienced electrocardiographic modifications that required discontinuation of treatment. CONCLUSIONS Hydroxychloroquine has received worldwide attention as a potential treatment for covid-19 because of positive results from small studies. However, the results of this study do not support its use in patients admitted to hospital with covid-19 who require oxygen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthieu Mahévas
- Department of Internal Medicine, Henri-Mondor Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris-Est Créteil University, 51 avenue du Maréchal de Lattre de Tassigny, 94000 Créteil, France
| | - Viet-Thi Tran
- Centre for Clinical Epidemiology, Hôtel-Dieu Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, University of Paris, Centre of Research in Epidemiology and Statistics, Paris, France
| | - Mathilde Roumier
- Department of Internal Medicine, Foch Hospital, Suresnes, France
| | - Amélie Chabrol
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Sud Francilien Hospital, Corbeil-Essonnes, France
| | - Romain Paule
- Department of Internal Medicine, Foch Hospital, Suresnes, France
| | - Constance Guillaud
- Department of Internal Medicine, Henri-Mondor Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris-Est Créteil University, 51 avenue du Maréchal de Lattre de Tassigny, 94000 Créteil, France
| | - Elena Fois
- Department of Internal Medicine, Henri-Mondor Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris-Est Créteil University, 51 avenue du Maréchal de Lattre de Tassigny, 94000 Créteil, France
| | - Raphael Lepeule
- Transversal Infections Treatment Unit, Henri-Mondor Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris-Est Créteil University, Créteil, France
| | - Tali-Anne Szwebel
- Department of Internal Medicine, Cochin Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, University of Paris, Paris, France
| | | | - Frédéric Schlemmer
- Pulmonology Unit, Henri-Mondor Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris-Est Créteil University, Créteil, France
| | - Marie Matignon
- Department of Nephrology, Henri-Mondor Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris-Est Créteil University, Créteil, France
| | - Mehdi Khellaf
- Department of Internal Medicine, Henri-Mondor Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris-Est Créteil University, 51 avenue du Maréchal de Lattre de Tassigny, 94000 Créteil, France
| | - Etienne Crickx
- Department of Internal Medicine, Henri-Mondor Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris-Est Créteil University, 51 avenue du Maréchal de Lattre de Tassigny, 94000 Créteil, France
| | - Benjamin Terrier
- Department of Internal Medicine, Cochin Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, University of Paris, Paris, France
| | - Caroline Morbieu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Cochin Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, University of Paris, Paris, France
| | - Paul Legendre
- Department of Internal Medicine, Cochin Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, University of Paris, Paris, France
| | - Julien Dang
- Centre for Clinical Epidemiology, Hôtel-Dieu Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, University of Paris, Centre of Research in Epidemiology and Statistics, Paris, France
| | - Yoland Schoindre
- Department of Internal Medicine, Foch Hospital, Suresnes, France
| | - Jean-Michel Pawlotsky
- Department of Virology, Bacteriology-Hygiene, and Mycology-Parasitology Centre, Henri-Mondor Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Marc Michel
- Department of Internal Medicine, Henri-Mondor Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris-Est Créteil University, 51 avenue du Maréchal de Lattre de Tassigny, 94000 Créteil, France
| | - Elodie Perrodeau
- Centre for Clinical Epidemiology, Hôtel-Dieu Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, University of Paris, Centre of Research in Epidemiology and Statistics, Paris, France
| | - Nicolas Carlier
- Department of Pulmonology, Cochin Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, University of Paris, Paris, France
| | - Nicolas Roche
- Department of Pulmonology, Cochin Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, University of Paris, Paris, France
| | - Victoire de Lastours
- Department of Internal Medicine, Beaujon Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, University of Paris, Paris, France
| | - Clément Ourghanlian
- Pharmacy, Henri-Mondor Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris-Est Créteil University, Créteil, France
| | - Solen Kerneis
- Mobile Infectious Disease Team, Cochin Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, University of Paris, Paris, France
| | - Philippe Ménager
- Pulmonology Unit, Sud Francilien Hospital, Corbeil-Essonnes, France
| | - Luc Mouthon
- Department of Internal Medicine, Cochin Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, University of Paris, Paris, France
| | - Etienne Audureau
- Clinical Epidemiology and Aging Team, Mondor Institute for Biomedical Research (INSERM U955), Public Health Services, Henri-Mondor Hosptial, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris-Est Créteil University, Créteil, France
| | - Philippe Ravaud
- Centre for Clinical Epidemiology, Hôtel-Dieu Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, University of Paris, Centre of Research in Epidemiology and Statistics, Paris, France
| | - Bertrand Godeau
- Department of Internal Medicine, Henri-Mondor Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris-Est Créteil University, 51 avenue du Maréchal de Lattre de Tassigny, 94000 Créteil, France
| | - Sébastien Gallien
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Henri-Mondor Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Pari, Paris-Est Créteil University, Créteil, France
| | - Nathalie Costedoat-Chalumeau
- Centre for Clinical Epidemiology, Hôtel-Dieu Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, University of Paris, Centre of Research in Epidemiology and Statistics, Paris, France
- Department of Internal Medicine, Cochin Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, University of Paris, Paris, France
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Bouzid D, Zanella MC, Kerneis S, Visseaux B, May L, Schrenzel J, Cattoir V. Rapid diagnostic tests for infectious diseases in the emergency department. Clin Microbiol Infect 2020; 27:182-191. [PMID: 32120036 PMCID: PMC7129254 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmi.2020.02.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2019] [Revised: 02/12/2020] [Accepted: 02/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Background Rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs) for infectious diseases, with a turnaround time of less than 2 hours, are promising tools that could improve patient care, antimicrobial stewardship and infection prevention in the emergency department (ED) setting. Numerous RDTs have been developed, although not necessarily for the ED environment. Their successful implementation in the ED relies on their performance and impact on patient management. Objectives The aim of this narrative review was to provide an overview of currently available RDTs for infectious diseases in the ED. Sources PubMed was searched through August 2019 for available studies on RDTs for infectious diseases. Inclusion criteria included: commercial tests approved by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) or Conformité Européenne (CE) in vitro diagnostic devices with data on clinical samples, ability to run on fully automated systems and result delivery within 2 hours. Content A nonexhaustive list of representative commercially available FDA- or CE-approved assays was categorized by clinical syndrome: pharyngitis and upper respiratory tract infection, lower respiratory tract infection, gastrointestinal infection, meningitis and encephalitis, fever in returning travellers and sexually transmitted infection, including HIV. The performance of tests was described on the basis of clinical validation studies. Further, their impact on clinical outcomes and anti-infective use was discussed with a focus on ED-based studies. Implications Clinicians should be familiar with the distinctive features of each RDT and individual performance characteristics for each target. Their integration into ED work flow should be preplanned considering local constraints of given settings. Additional clinical studies are needed to further evaluate their clinical effectiveness and cost-effectiveness.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Bouzid
- Emergency Department, AP-HP, Bichat Claude Bernard Hospital, Paris, France; University of Paris, IAME, INSERM, Paris, France
| | - M-C Zanella
- Laboratory of Bacteriology, Division of Laboratory Medicine and Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Geneva Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland; University of Geneva Medical School, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - S Kerneis
- University of Paris, IAME, INSERM, Paris, France; AP-HP, Antimicrobial Stewardship Team, Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris Centre-Cochin, Paris, France; Pharmacoepidémiology and Infectious Diseases (Phemi), Pasteur Institute, Paris, France
| | - B Visseaux
- University of Paris, IAME, INSERM, Paris, France; AP-HP, Bichat Claude Bernard Hospital, Virology, Paris, France
| | - L May
- Department of Emergency Medicine, University of California-Davis, Sacramento, CA, USA
| | - J Schrenzel
- Laboratory of Bacteriology, Division of Laboratory Medicine and Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Geneva Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland; University of Geneva Medical School, Geneva, Switzerland; Genomic Research Laboratory, Division of Infectious Diseases, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - V Cattoir
- Service de Bactériologie-Hygiène Hospitalière, CHU de Rennes, Rennes, France; CNR de `la Résistance aux Antibiotiques (laboratoire associé'Entérocoques), Rennes, France; Unité Inserm U1230, Université de Rennes 1, Rennes, France.
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Isnard C, Lheure C, Franck N, Morand P, Gustave CA, Martin A, Deleuze J, Kerneis S, Dupin N. Abcès cutané nécrotique à Staphylococcus aureus résistant à la méticilline (SARM) sécréteur d’une toxine de Panton-Valentine (PVL) compliqué d’une bactériémie et de localisations cutanées secondaires chez un homme séropositif pour le VIH. Ann Dermatol Venereol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annder.2018.09.452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Alviset S, Canouï E, Blanc K, Garelli E, Nesci J, Marey J, Poupet H, Gauzit R, Alifano M, Kerneis S. Empyème postopératoire après pneumonectomie : incidence, documentation microbiologique et pronostic. Med Mal Infect 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.medmal.2018.04.114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Bosco A, Tuescher J, Molina L, Tailfeathers D, Beck C, Kerneis S, Andersen R, Golsteyn RM. Prairie to Pharmacy Research Program: Investigation of Prairie Plants for Chemicals that Inhibit Vital Cellular Pathways. Am J Transl Res 2018. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0038-1644916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A Bosco
- Natural Product Laboratory, University of Lethbridge, Lethbridge, AB, Canada
| | - J Tuescher
- Natural Product Laboratory, University of Lethbridge, Lethbridge, AB, Canada
| | - L Molina
- Natural Product Laboratory, University of Lethbridge, Lethbridge, AB, Canada
| | - D Tailfeathers
- Natural Product Laboratory, University of Lethbridge, Lethbridge, AB, Canada
| | - C Beck
- Natural Product Laboratory, University of Lethbridge, Lethbridge, AB, Canada
| | - S Kerneis
- Microbial Research Group, Lethbridge College, Lethbridge, AB, Canada
| | - R Andersen
- Department of Earth, Ocean and Atmospheric Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC
| | - RM Golsteyn
- Natural Product Laboratory, University of Lethbridge, Lethbridge, AB, Canada
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Castan B, Lesprit P, Alfandari S, Bonnet E, Diamantis S, Gauzit R, Kerneis S, Leroy J, Lescure X, Meyssonnier V, Mondain V, Pavese P, Rabaud C, Stahl JP, Tattevin P, Roblot F, Pulcini C. [Antibiotic stewardship: A 2017 update]. Med Mal Infect 2017; 47:439-442. [PMID: 28781198 DOI: 10.1016/j.medmal.2017.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2017] [Accepted: 06/30/2017] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- B Castan
- Unité fonctionnelle d'infectiologie régionale, CH Ajaccio, 20303 Ajaccio, France
| | - P Lesprit
- Infectiologie transversale, service de biologie clinique, hôpital Foch, 92151 Suresnes, France
| | - S Alfandari
- Service de réanimation et maladies infectieuses, CH de Tourcoing, 59200 Tourcoing, France
| | - E Bonnet
- Équipe mobile d'infectiologie, hôpital Joseph-Ducuing, 31300 Toulouse, France
| | - S Diamantis
- Service des maladies infectieuses et tropicales, CH Sud Île-de-France, 77011 Melun, France
| | - R Gauzit
- Équipe mobile d'infectiologie, AP-HP, hôpitaux universitaires Paris centre-site Cochin, université Paris Descartes, 75014 Paris, France
| | - S Kerneis
- Équipe mobile d'infectiologie, AP-HP, hôpitaux universitaires Paris centre-site Cochin, université Paris Descartes, 75014 Paris, France
| | - J Leroy
- ARLIN BFC/PRIMAIR, service d'hygiène hospitalière et service de maladies infectieuses, CHRU de Besançon, 25030 Besançon, France
| | - X Lescure
- IAME UMR 1137 Inserm, service de maladies infectieuses et tropicales, AP-HP, hôpital Bichat-Claude Bernard, faculté Paris Diderot, 75018 Paris, France
| | - V Meyssonnier
- CRIOAC, médecine interne, groupe hospitalier Diaconesses-Croix-Saint-Simon, 75020 Paris, France
| | - V Mondain
- Service des maladies infectieuses, CHU de Nice, Nice, France
| | - P Pavese
- Infectiologie, CHU, université Grenoble Alpes, 38700 Grenoble, France
| | - C Rabaud
- EA 4360 APEMAC, service de maladies infectieuses, CHRU de Nancy, université de Lorraine, 54000 Nancy, France
| | - J P Stahl
- Infectiologie, CHU, université Grenoble Alpes, 38700 Grenoble, France
| | - P Tattevin
- Maladies infectieuses et réanimation médicale, CHU de Rennes, hôpital Pontchaillou, 35033 Rennes, France
| | - F Roblot
- Service de médecine interne, maladies infectieuses et tropicales et Inserm U1070, CHU de Poitiers, 86021 Poitiers, France
| | - C Pulcini
- EA 4360 APEMAC, service de maladies infectieuses, CHRU de Nancy, université de Lorraine, 54000 Nancy, France.
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Loubet P, Kerneis S, Anselem O, Tsatsaris V, Goffinet F, Launay O. Should expectant mothers be vaccinated against flu? A safety review. Expert Opin Drug Saf 2014; 13:1709-20. [DOI: 10.1517/14740338.2014.977252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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Falchi A, Souty C, Grisoni ML, Mosnier A, Hanslik T, Daviaud I, Varesi L, Kerneis S, Carrat F, Blanchon T. Field seasonal influenza vaccine effectiveness: evaluation of the screening method using different sources of data during the 2010/2011 French influenza season. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2013; 9:2453-9. [PMID: 23811610 DOI: 10.4161/hv.25513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Thanks to the screening method, we estimated among target groups the 2010/2011 field vaccine effectiveness (FVE) against laboratory confirmed influenza cases seen in general practice. We also compared the values of FVE estimations obtained by using three sources of the population vaccination coverage (VC) based on three different methodologies: (1) administrative data from the main social security scheme (Caisse Nationale d'Assurance Maladie des Travailleurs Salariés--CNAMTS) covering about 85% of the French population, (2) a cross-sectional national telephone survey in the general population, and (3) a declarative survey in the population seen in a one-day general practitioner (GP) consultations. The FVE estimates among target groups were stratified by age (< 65 y old with reported chronic illness; ≥65 y old and overall). Using the VC of the CNAMTS, the FVE of the 2010/2011 seasonal trivalent vaccine against laboratory confirmed infection with any influenza virus was 59% (95% Confidence Interval, 17 to 81). It was 85% (17 to 99) and 50% (-16 to 80) for A(H1N1)pdm09 and B influenza infections, respectively. The values of FVE using the influenza VC obtained in a sample of the general population and of the population of GPs' patients were 73% (45 to 87) and 82% (63 to 92), respectively. We estimated a moderate influenza FVE in preventing confirmed influenza viruses in target groups by using the VC of the CNAMTS. We also observed that the screening method generates FVE values dependent on the choice of the source of VC and thus should be used cautiously.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandra Falchi
- INSERM; U707; Paris, France; Laboratoire de Virologie; EA 7310 Université de Corse; Corte, France; UPMC Univ Paris 06; UMR S 707; Paris, France
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Reuter P, Kerneis S, Turbelin C, Arena C, Gavazzi G, Sarazin M, Blanchon T, Hanslik T. Les patients orientés par leur médecin généraliste vers le secteur hospitalier public sont différents de ceux orientés vers le secteur privé : analyse des données de surveillance du réseau Sentinelles. Rev Med Interne 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.revmed.2011.10.318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Lefèvre JH, Karila L, Kerneis S, Rouprêt M. Motivation of French medical students to pursue surgical careers: results of national survey of 1742 students. J Visc Surg 2010; 147:e181-6. [PMID: 20800566 DOI: 10.1016/j.jviscsurg.2010.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Analyze the aspirations and personal motivations behind the choice of surgical specialties in a large sample of students in their 6th year of medical school. MATERIAL AND METHODS In December 2008, 2588 students participated in a nation-wide mock exam, before taking the National Ranking Exam. When they looked for their grades on the web, the students were prompted to answer a questionnaire containing socio-demographic questions concerning their choice and motivation to pursue a career in a surgical specialty. The survey called also for listing the three main factors (out of a list of 11) motivating their choice. RESULTS Students originated from 39 medical schools. Of the 2588 students, 1427 (55%) were women. The response rate to the questionnaire was 1742/2588=67%. Two hundred and twenty students (13%) did not express any specific professional orientation. Of the 1522 responses obtained, 522 students wanted to become surgeons. Gender was a determining factor as 44% of male students (n=252) versus 29% of female students wanted to become a surgeon; P<0.0001. The three most selected surgical subspecialties were gynecology (n=137), orthopedics (n=91) and ophthalmology (n=57). Once again gender played a role in the choice: 82% who chose gynecology were women while 73% of future urologists were men (P<0.0001). Special interest in specific diseases (n=356, 23%), the possibility of private practice (n=280, 18%) and life style (n=175, 11%) were the motivations most often cited to back their choice. CONCLUSION One third of medical students want to become surgeons. Feminization, life style and income are the principal factors influencing the choice of the type of surgical subspecialization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeremie H Lefèvre
- Service de chirurgie digestive, hôpital Saint-Antoine, Assistance publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, groupe hospitalo-universitaire Est, faculté de médecine Pierre-et-Marie-Curie, université Paris VI, 184, rue du Faubourg-Saint-Antoine, 75012 Paris, France.
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Rouprêt M, Karila L, Kerneis S, Lefevre JH. L’apprentissage de la « médecine fondée sur les preuves » est-il influencé par des facteurs déterminés ? Résultats d’une enquête nationale auprès de 1870 étudiants français en sixième année de médecine. Presse Med 2010; 39:e126-33. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lpm.2010.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2009] [Revised: 02/13/2010] [Accepted: 03/16/2010] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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Abstract
OBJECTIVES Many factors influence the career specialty decisions made by medical students. The aim of this study was to broaden consideration of the determinants of specialty choice in a large population of medical students in their sixth year of study. METHODS A total of 2588 students distributed across all of the 39 medical schools in France participated in a National Practice Examination in December 2008, after which an electronic questionnaire was administered. Study criteria were: population characteristics; demographics, and motivation for and drawbacks to medical specialty choice. RESULTS A total of 1780 students (1111 women, 62%) responded to the questionnaire (69% response rate). The mean age of respondents was 23.8 years (22-35 years). Of these, 1555 students (87%) stated their preferred medical specialty. Surgical and medical specialties were the two specialties selected most frequently by students (n = 729, 47%). General practice was chosen by 20%. Gender influenced the choice of specialty: 88% of future paediatricians, 82% of gynaecologists and 77% of general practitioners (GPs) were women (p < 0.05). Main motivating factors included interesting diseases, opportunities for private practice and patient contact. Main drawbacks limiting the choice of other specialties were poor quality of life, an exclusively hospital-based career and loss of patient contact. Gender was the criterion most associated with significant differences in factors of motivation for or discouragement from a career. Patient contact and opportunities for private practice were significantly highlighted by future GPs compared with students opting for the medical or surgical specialties (p < 0.0001). CONCLUSIONS Students' career choices regarding specialties or general practice result from the interplay among several factors. Career interest in general practice is particularly low. Initiatives to address the factors affecting student career choices regarding less favoured specialties and to deal with the growing feminisation of the profession, which will lead to irreversible changes in clinical practice, are required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jérémie H Lefevre
- Department of Digestive Surgery, Saint-Antoine Hospital (Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris [AP-HP]), Pierre et Marie Curie Faculty of Medicine, University of Paris VI, Paris, France.
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Hanslik T, Kerneis S. Alors docteur, dois-je me faire vacciner contre la grippe A ? Rev Med Interne 2010; 31:1-3. [DOI: 10.1016/j.revmed.2009.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Kerneis S, De Castro N, Carmagnat M, Scieux C, Chevret S, Rabian C, Molina J. M-11 Évaluation des réponses immunitaires spécifiques anti-VZV chez des patients infectés par le VIH. Med Mal Infect 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/s0399-077x(08)73184-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Vantelon C, Gilbert S, Kerneis S, Wolmark Y, Legrain S, Kergoat MJ. Les anticholinestérasiques en soins de longue durée : analyse des pratiques actuelles à partir d'une étude observationnelle francoquébécoise. Rev Med Interne 2006; 27:588-94. [PMID: 16806591 DOI: 10.1016/j.revmed.2006.04.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2006] [Accepted: 04/26/2006] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Cholinesterase Inhibitors (ChEIs) have proven efficacy in outpatients with mild to moderate Alzheimer's Disease (AD). The benefits of maintaining this treatment once patients are institutionalised remain controversial. The aim of this study was to present current therapeutic strategies regarding ChEIs use in long-term care settings (LTC). METHODS A multicentric, retrospective, observational study was conducted on currently available ChEIs (donezepil, rivastigmine, galantamine) prescribed in LTC. Data were obtained from medical records. Judgement was based on three criteria: ChEIs indication, follow-up, and justification for maintenance of treatment. RESULTS Among the 1,373 patients evaluated, 6% (N=81) were receiving ChEIs. They represented various stages of the disease, with cognitive and functional decline ranging from severe (18%) to very mild (10%). Among patients receiving ChEIs, 29% met neither the indication for which these drugs were approved, nor professional guidelines. Patient evaluation at entry was of high quality, with 90% of records including cognitive, functional and behavioural evaluation. Follow-up evaluations were weaker, with at least one assessment domain missing in 40% of the medical records. ChEIs treatment was maintained, although almost half of patients experienced a worsening of their clinical state. CONCLUSION This study shows that follow-up of institutionalised patients receiving ChEIs could be improved. While treatment maintenance seems to be the rule, it should be questioned on ethical, efficacy, and economic grounds. The rationale for use and discontinuation of these therapeutic strategies in institutional settings requires urgent review.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Vantelon
- Service de médecine gériatrique, centre hospitalo-universitaire Bichat-Claude-Bernard, 48, rue Henri-Huchard, 75877 Paris, France
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El Helali N, Carbonne A, Naas T, Kerneis S, Fresco O, Giovangrandi Y, Fortineau N, Nordmann P, Astagneau P. Nosocomial outbreak of staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome in neonates: epidemiological investigation and control. J Hosp Infect 2005; 61:130-8. [PMID: 16009455 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhin.2005.02.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2004] [Accepted: 02/17/2005] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Over a three-month period, 13 neonates developed staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome (SSSS) in a maternity unit, between four and 18 days after their birth. An epidemiological and descriptive study followed by a case-control study was performed. A case was defined as a neonate with blistering or peeling skin, and exfoliative toxin A Staphylococcus aureus positive cultures. Controls were selected at random from the asymptomatic, non-colonized neonates born on the same day as the cases. All staff members and all neonates born during the outbreak period were screened for carriage by nasal swabs and umbilical swabs, respectively. S. aureus isolates were polymerase chain reaction (PCR) screened for etA gene and genotyped by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE). Two clusters of eight and five cases were identified. Receiving more than one early umbilical care procedure by the same ancillary nurse was the only risk factor identified in the case-control study (odds ratio=15, 95% confidence intervals 2-328). The ancillary nurse suffered from chronic dermatitis on her hands that favoured S. aureus carriage. Exfoliative-toxin-A-producing strains, as evidenced by PCR and indistinguishable by PFGE, were isolated from all but one of the SSSS cases, from four asymptomatic neonates, from two staff members and from the ancillary nurse's hands. Removal of the ancillary nurse from duty, infection control measures (isolation precautions, chlorhexidine handwashing and barrier protections), and treatment of the carriers (nasal mupirocin and chlorhexidine showers) led to control of the epidemic. In conclusion, this study emphasizes the need for tight surveillance of chronic dermatitis in healthcare workers.
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Affiliation(s)
- N El Helali
- Medical Biology Department, Hôpital Notre Dame de Bon Secours, Paris, France
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Sbaï A, Wechsler B, Kerneis S, Sénéchal Q, Antoine E, Piette J. La traversée de Pari(s). Rev Med Interne 2002. [DOI: 10.1016/s0248-8663(02)80023-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Schulte R, Kerneis S, Klinke S, Bartels H, Preger S, Kraehenbuhl JP, Pringault E, Autenrieth IB. Translocation of Yersinia entrocolitica across reconstituted intestinal epithelial monolayers is triggered by Yersinia invasin binding to beta1 integrins apically expressed on M-like cells. Cell Microbiol 2000; 2:173-85. [PMID: 11207574 DOI: 10.1046/j.1462-5822.2000.00047.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Yersinia enterocolitica cross the intestinal epithelium via translocation through M cells, which are located in the follicle-associated epithelium (FAE) of Peyer's patches (PP). To investigate the molecular basis of this process, studies were performed using a recently developed in vitro model, in which the enterocyte-like cell line Caco-2 and PP lymphocytes are co-cultured in order to establish FAE-like structures including M cells. Here, we demonstrate that Y. enterocolitica does not adhere significantly to the apical membrane of differentiated enterocyte-like Caco-2 cells that express binding sites for Ulex europaeus agglutinin (UEA)-1. In contrast, Y. enterocolitica adhered to, and was internalized by, cells that lacked UEA-1 binding sites and displayed a disorganized brush border. These cells were considered to be converted to M-like cells. Further analysis revealed that part of these cells expressed beta1 integrins at their apical surface and, as revealed by comparison of wild-type and mutant strains, interacted with invasin of Y. enterocolitica. Consistently, anti-beta1 integrin antibodies significantly inhibited internalization of inv-expressing yersiniae. Experiments with Yersinia mutant strains deficient in YadA or Yop secretion revealed that these virulence factors play a minor role in this process. After internalization, yersiniae were transported within LAMP-1-negative vacuoles to, and released at, the basal surface. Internalization and transport of yersiniae was inhibited by cytochalasin D, suggesting that F-actin assembly is required for this process. These results provide direct evidence that expression of beta1 integrins at the apical surface of M cells enables interaction with the invasin of Y. enterocolitica, and thereby initiates internalization and translocation of bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Schulte
- Max von Pettenkofer-Institute for Hygiene and Medical Microbiology, Ludwig Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany
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Bens M, Bogdanova A, Cluzeaud F, Miquerol L, Kerneis S, Kraehenbuhl JP, Kahn A, Pringault E, Vandewalle A. Transimmortalized mouse intestinal cells (m-ICc12) that maintain a crypt phenotype. Am J Physiol 1996; 270:C1666-74. [PMID: 8764149 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.1996.270.6.c1666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 118] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
This study describes the properties of a clone of immortalized cells (m-ICc12 cells) derived from the bases of small intestinal villi from 20-day-old fetuses of L-type pyruvate kinase (L-PK)/ TAg1 transgenic mice. The mice harbor the simian virus 40 large T antigen under the control of the 5' regulatory sequence from the L-PK gene. m-ICc12 cells expressed nuclear large T antigen, had a prolonged life span, and were nontumorigenic when injected into nude mice. They formed confluent monolayers of cuboid cells separated by tight junctions, developed dense, short apical microvilli, and formed domes. They also possessed cytokeratins, villin, aminopeptidase N, dipeptidyl-peptidase IV, and glucoamylase and retained crypt cell features, including intracellular sucrase isomaltase and alpha-L-fucose glycoconjugates accumulation and expression of the polymeric immunoglobulin receptor and the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator gene. Thus the m-ICc12 cell line obtained by targeted oncogenesis in transgenic mice maintained in culture several important properties and differentiated functions of intestinal crypt cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Bens
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U246, Faculté de Médecine Xavier Bichát, Paris, France
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Kerneis S, Bogdanova A, Colucci-Guyon E, Kraehenbuhl JP, Pringault E. Cytosolic distribution of villin in M cells from mouse Peyer's patches correlates with the absence of a brush border. Gastroenterology 1996; 110:515-21. [PMID: 8566599 DOI: 10.1053/gast.1996.v110.pm8566599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS The follicle-associated epithelium (FAE) of Peyer's patches mainly consists of two cell types: absorptive enterocytes with a brush border and M cells without this apical specialization. To study the controversial ontogeny of M cells (mesenchymal vs. epithelial origin), the expression pattern of tissue-specific cytoskeletal proteins, markers of cell origin that play a crucial role in the specific shape of epithelial cells and brush border assembly, was investigated. METHODS The localization of cytokeratins, vimentin, and villin was determined on mouse FAE using immunocytochemistry and electron microscopy. RESULTS Epithelial-specific cytokeratins were expressed in both absorptive enterocytes and M cells, whereas vimentin was not detected in mouse FAE. Villin, a tissue-specific, actin-binding protein of the brush border, was expressed in the two cell types. This protein had an unusual cytoplasmic distribution in FAE cells lacking a brush border and in cells having an intraepithelial pocket filled with lymphocytes. CONCLUSIONS The presence of villin and the absence of vimentin in M cells support the intestinal origin of M cells. The cytoplasmic distribution of villin provides a new identification criteria for M cells and reflects the reorganization of the F-actin network, which correlates with the inability of M cells to assemble a brush border.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Kerneis
- Swiss Institute for Experimental Cancer Research, University of Lausanne, Epalinges-Lausanne, Switzerland
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Abstract
Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) bearing the fimbrial colonisation factor antigens CFA/I, CFA/II, CFA/III, and the non-fimbrial antigen 2230 were tested for their ability to adhere to two cultured human intestinal HT-29 mucus secreting cell subpopulations. These populations are referred to as HT29-MTX and HT29-FU, which differ in the amount of secreted mucins and in their gastric or colonic mucin immunoreactivity respectively. Adherence of radiolabelled bacteria to cell monolayers infected apically was assessed. All ETEC strains adhered to the mucus secreting HT29-FU subpopulation, which secretes mucins of colonic immunoreactivity. Visualisation of bacteria by scanning electron microscopy showed that ETEC bound to the HT29-FU cells possessing a brush border, but not to the mucus and that ETEC binding developed as a function of cell differentiation. The adhesion of ETEC to cells possessing a brush border and to mucus secreting cells was also analysed by indirect immunofluorescence in HT29-MTX cells, which secrete mucins of gastric immunoreactivity. Fluorescein isothiocyanate labelling using specific anti-CFA/I antibody was used to show ETEC; rhodamine isothiocyanate labelling using a monoclonal antibody (designated M1) against purified human gastric mucus was used to detect secreted mucins, and rhodamine isothiocyanate labelling using a monoclonal antibody (designated 4H3) against human dipeptidylpeptidase IV was used to show cells possessing a brush border. Binding of bacteria colocalised with dipeptidylpeptidase IV of enterocytes and not with mucins.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Kerneis
- Département de Microbiologie et Immunologie, UFR Sciences Pharmaceutiques Paris, Châtenay-Malabry, France
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Chauvière G, Coconnier MH, Kerneis S, Darfeuille-Michaud A, Joly B, Servin AL. Competitive exclusion of diarrheagenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) from human enterocyte-like Caco-2 cells by heat-killed Lactobacillus. FEMS Microbiol Lett 1992; 70:213-7. [PMID: 1624102 DOI: 10.1016/0378-1097(92)90700-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Diarrheagenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) bearing CFA/I or CFA/II adhesive factors specifically adhere onto the brush border of the polarized epithelial human intestinal Caco-2 cells in culture. Heat-killed Lactobacillus acidophilus strain LB, that adheres onto Caco-2 cells, inhibits diarrheagenic Escherichia coli adhesion in a concentration-dependent manner. Since the L. acidophilus does not express ETEC-CFA adhesive factors, it can be postulated that the heat-killed L. acidophilus LB cells inhibit diarrheagenic E. coli attachment by steric hindrance of the human enterocytic ETEC receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Chauvière
- Département de Microbiologie et Immunologie, UFR Sciences Pharmaceutiques Paris XI, Châtenay-Malabry, France
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Kerneis S, Bilge SS, Fourel V, Chauviere G, Coconnier MH, Servin AL. Use of purified F1845 fimbrial adhesin to study localization and expression of receptors for diffusely adhering Escherichia coli during enterocytic differentiation of human colon carcinoma cell lines HT-29 and Caco-2 in culture. Infect Immun 1991; 59:4013-8. [PMID: 1682255 PMCID: PMC258990 DOI: 10.1128/iai.59.11.4013-4018.1991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Whole diffusely adhering Escherichia coli (DAEC) C1845 cells bearing the F1845 adhesive factor bind diffusely to differentiated human colon carcinoma cell lines HT-29 and Caco-2. By using antibodies directed against the purified fimbrial adhesin F1845 factor, the expression of the DAEC F1845-specific brush border receptors in the polarized human intestinal HT-29 and Caco-2 epithelial cells was studied by indirect immunofluorescence. A low level of DAEC F1845 receptors in undifferentiated intestinal cells was detected; they were localized in a cluster of cells. DAEC F1845 receptors were expressed at a high level in differentiated HT-29 and Caco-2 cells. DAEC F1845 receptors were expressed at a strikingly high level in the apical domains of the cells and developed during enterocytic differentiation in culture, in parallel with the apical expression of the intestinal brush border hydrolase, sucrase-isomaltase.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Kerneis
- Département de Microbiologie et Immunologie, UFR Sciences Pharmaceutiques Paris XI, Châtenay-Malabry, France
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