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Wang HM, Lou PJ, Yang MH, Chen TH, Lien MY, Lin JC, Chen JP, Lu WC, Lu HJ, Huang TL, Yen CJ, Wu SY, Wang HC, Hsieh MC. Cetuximab Treatment beyond Progression in Patients with Recurrent or Metastatic Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma: A Nationwide Population-Based Study (THNS-2021-08). Target Oncol 2024; 19:51-58. [PMID: 38285067 PMCID: PMC10830868 DOI: 10.1007/s11523-023-01028-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/30/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Little is known regarding the association of cetuximab treatment beyond progression (TBP) with survival among patients with recurrent or metastatic head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (R/M HNSCC). Although immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) are now considered as first-line treatment, not all patients are suitable for ICIs. OBJECTIVE We conducted a multicenter, retrospective study to evaluate the role of cetuximab TBP in patients with R/M HNSCC after failure of first-line cetuximab-containing chemotherapy. PATIENTS AND METHODS Patients with R/M HNSCC who had tumor progression after first-line cetuximab-containing chemotherapy were included into our study. Oncologic outcomes were estimated including time to cetuximab treatment discontinuation (TTD), progression-free survival 2 (PFS2), overall survival (OS), overall response rate (ORR), and disease control rate (DCR). Multivariate cox regression analysis with survival were conducted. Subgroup analysis with P16 and programmed death ligand 1 expression were performed. RESULTS A total of 498 patients were eligible with 259 patients in the TBP group and 239 patients in the non-TBP group. The most common first-line chemotherapy was the EXTREME regimen in both groups. As for second-line treatment, the most common regimen were TPEx in the TBP group and taxane-based chemotherapy in the non-TBP group. Median TTD was 8.7 months in TBP and 5.5 months in non-TBP (p < 0.001). In terms of survival, median OS1 was significant longer in the TBP group than in the non-TBP group [14.1 months versus 10.9 months (p = 0.016)]. Multivariate analysis demonstrated cetuximab TBP was a factor independently associated with OS. CONCLUSIONS Our retrospective study suggests cetuximab TBP to be effective and to provide better survival for patients with R/M HNSCC after failure of first-line cetuximab-containing chemotherapy. Further prospective studies are warranted to validate the role of cetuximab TBP in R/M HNSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hung-Ming Wang
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital/College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Pei-Jen Lou
- Department of Otolaryngology, National Taiwan University Hospital and College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Muh-Hwa Yang
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Oncology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Tein-Hua Chen
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Oncology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Ming-Yu Lien
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Jin-Ching Lin
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Jo-Pai Chen
- Department of Oncology, National Taiwan University Hospital Yunlin Branch, Yunlin, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Wei-Chen Lu
- Department of Oncology, National Taiwan University Hospital Yunlin Branch, Yunlin, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Hsueh-Ju Lu
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital/College of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Tai-Lin Huang
- Department of Hematology-Oncology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital/College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Chia-Jui Yen
- Department of Oncology, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, Tainan, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Shang-Yin Wu
- Department of Oncology, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, Tainan, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Hui-Ching Wang
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Meng-Che Hsieh
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, E-Da Cancer Hospital/College of Medicine, I-Shou University, No.21, E-Da Rd., Yan-Chao Dist., Kaohsiung, 807, Taiwan, ROC.
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Shen YR, Chen TH, Liang SL, Cheng XY, Lv JW, Jiang YX, Cheng L, Yu YB, Jin GR, Chen AX. The generation of genuine quadripartite Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen steering in an optical superlattice. Sci Rep 2023; 13:21196. [PMID: 38040917 PMCID: PMC10692164 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-48626-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen (EPR) steering is a quantum effect based on quantum entanglement and it is the key resource for building quantum networks because of its useful properties. Based on the criterion for genuine multipartite EPR steering, the genuine quadripartite EPR steering is confirmed and it can be generated by a spontaneous parametric down-conversion cascaded process with two sum-frequency generations in an optical superlattice. This occurs either below the oscillation threshold and without oscillation threshold. The influence of the parameters of cascaded nonlinear process on the quadripartite EPR steering among signal, idler, and two sum-frequency beams are also discussed. Choosing appropriate nonlinear parameters can achieve good quadripartite quantum steering. This scheme of the generation of genuine quadripartite EPR steering has potential applications in quantum communication and computing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y R Shen
- Key Laboratory of Optical Field Manipulation of Zhejiang Province, Department of Physics, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, 310018, China
| | - T H Chen
- Key Laboratory of Optical Field Manipulation of Zhejiang Province, Department of Physics, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, 310018, China
| | - S L Liang
- Key Laboratory of Optical Field Manipulation of Zhejiang Province, Department of Physics, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, 310018, China
| | - X Y Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Optical Field Manipulation of Zhejiang Province, Department of Physics, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, 310018, China
| | - J W Lv
- Key Laboratory of Optical Field Manipulation of Zhejiang Province, Department of Physics, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, 310018, China
| | - Y X Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Optical Field Manipulation of Zhejiang Province, Department of Physics, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, 310018, China
| | - L Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Optical Field Manipulation of Zhejiang Province, Department of Physics, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, 310018, China.
| | - Y B Yu
- Key Laboratory of Optical Field Manipulation of Zhejiang Province, Department of Physics, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, 310018, China.
| | - G R Jin
- Key Laboratory of Optical Field Manipulation of Zhejiang Province, Department of Physics, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, 310018, China
| | - A X Chen
- Key Laboratory of Optical Field Manipulation of Zhejiang Province, Department of Physics, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, 310018, China
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Liu CS, Chen TH, Wang RY, Lee HL, Chiou JF, Lu LS. Cardiopulmonary Protection for Bilateral Breast Irradiation: A Dosimetric Comparison between Proton and Photon Plans. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2023; 117:e688-e689. [PMID: 37786021 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2023.06.2159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE/OBJECTIVE(S) Recent advances in cancer treatment improve cancer survivorship. Cardiovascular disease has become the leading cause of non-cancer death in breast cancer survivors. Therefore, risk of cardiopulmonary toxicities during multimodality treatment should be assessed carefully. It remains to be defined the best scenario for proton therapy to confer meaningful cardiovascular protection in the setting of breast irradiation. We hypothesized proton therapy plan provides optimal cardiopulmonary protection during bilateral breast irradiation. The study aimed to compare cardiopulmonary dosimetric parameters of proton and photon radiotherapy plans. MATERIALS/METHODS We conducted a retrospective study and patients with bilateral breast cancer indicated for radiotherapy between January 01, 2010 and December 31, 2020 were included. All patients received whole breast or chest wall irradiation with or without regional nodal irradiation. The dose scheme was 50-50.4 Gy in 25-28 fractions. Boost was allowed if patients receiving breast conserving surgery or known risk factors. The dosimetric parameters included planning target volume, mean dose to the heart, the volume of whole lung receiving 5 Gy, 10 Gy, and 20 Gy. For photon therapy, volumetric modulated arc therapy using double partial arc plans was generated with Pinnacle 9.8, Elekta Synergy and tomotherapy helical plan was generated with Tomo Hi-Art planning system. For proton therapy, treatment planning was generated with Ray station 9A. All data was managed using SAS v.9.4 software. Analysis of variance (α = 0.05) was used to compute the dosimetry of different treatment modalities. The statistical significance was considered with a p-value <0.05. RESULTS Thirty-one patients with bilateral breast cancer were included, including 12 bilateral breast irradiation patients and 6 bilateral chest wall irradiation patients. The mean dose of heart was 53.0±43.3 cGy in proton therapy while 736.6±225.1 cGy and 869.67±241.0 cGy in Tomotherapy and volumetric modulated arc therapy respectively. The volume of whole lung receiving 5 Gy was 15.4±7.91% in proton therapy while 46.1±10.8% and 46.3±2.5% in Tomotherapy and volumetric modulated arc therapy respectively. The volume of whole lung receiving 20 Gy was 7.7±4.3% in proton therapy while 15.4±5.6% and 19±3.5% in Tomotherapy and volumetric modulated arc therapy respectively. The effects of cardiopulmonary protection were more significant for chest wall irradiation over breast irradiation. CONCLUSION Proton radiotherapy provided significant dose reduction for bilateral breast irradiation. The benefit is more significant is patients receiving bilateral chest wall irradiation. Further clinical validations will be warranted to confirm the clinical relevance of the finding.
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Affiliation(s)
- C S Liu
- Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei 10449, Taiwan
| | - T H Chen
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - R Y Wang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - H L Lee
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - J F Chiou
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - L S Lu
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Materials and Tissue Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
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Chen TH, Lin SC, Chiou JF, Chen CP, Hsu SM, Tseng KH, Lu LS. Analysis of Skin Dose and Position Stability for a New Personalized Device for Breast Radiotherapy. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2023; 117:e169. [PMID: 37784774 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2023.06.1009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE/OBJECTIVE(S) Whole breast irradiation is the standard treatment for patients with early-stage breast cancer. We previously developed a personalized breast support device (PERSBRA) that reduced heart and lung radiation exposure. However, the skin dose was concerned for the device due to its thickness. In this study, we designed the new honeycomb structures to reduce the dose to the skin and maintain stable breast position with this device. MATERIALS/METHODS Three different structures of PERSBRA were designed. They were solid structure, honeycomb structures with 3.5 mm wall thickness and honeycomb structures with 4.5 mm wall thickness respectively. Those patients who scheduled to receive whole breast irradiation were enrolled for anthropometric breast position analysis. Stability of breast position in supine with PERSBRA were analyzed by scanning with a 3D infrared scanner. The distances between the nipples, between the nipple and the xiphoid process, and between the nipple and the inframammary fold were used to be the index. 32 patients were enrolled for anthropometric breast position analysis. The skin dose was simulated using the thermoluminescent dosimeter (TLD) positioned on the phantom with PERSBRA in the treatment scenario. RESULTS The displacements between two nipples, the nipple and the infra mammary point, and the nipple and the xiphoid process were 1.4%, 1.2%, and 0.4% for 3.5 mm honeycomb structure. Meanwhile, these displacements were 0.8%, 0.7% and 0.2% for solid 10% structure. Compared to these results, there were no significant difference for the two designations. The surface dose simulating the treatment scenario were 78.27%, 89.39% and 91.9% of prescribed dose for the 3.5mm, 4.5 mm honeycomb structure and the solid 10% filled structure, respectively. The 3.5 mm honeycomb structure reduce the surface dose significantly compared to another two designations. CONCLUSION The honeycomb structures do not jeopardize mechanical properties of PERSBRA or the breast positional stability support. Moreover, honeycomb structure with 3.5 mm thickness effectively reduces skin surface dose on a breast phantom. These data encourage further clinical studies to investigate the effects of such design on radiation dermatitis during whole breast irradiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- T H Chen
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - S C Lin
- Department of Graduate Institution of Biomedical Material and Tissue Engineering, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - J F Chiou
- Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - C P Chen
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - S M Hsu
- Department of Biomedical Imaging and Radiological Sciences, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - K H Tseng
- Department of Electrical Engineering, National Taipei University of Technology, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - L S Lu
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Materials and Tissue Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
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Zhao F, Zhang YL, Liu X, Chen TH, Li J. [A case of malignant peritoneal mesothelioma]. Zhonghua Lao Dong Wei Sheng Zhi Ye Bing Za Zhi 2023; 41:307-309. [PMID: 37248188 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn121094-20220328-00158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Malignant mesothelioma is a highly malignant disease that most often occurs in the pleural cavity, followed by the peritoneum and pericardium. Malignant peritoneal mesothelioma (MPM) accounts for 10%-15% of all mesothelioma. The most important risk factor for MPM is exposure to asbestos. MPM has no specific clinical symptoms, imaging and histopathology are critical for the diagnosis. There are currently no generally accepted guidelines for curative treatment of MPM. The patient mainly presented with abdominal pain, abdominal distension and discomfort. Due to extensive omentum metastasis, no further surgical treatment was performed. Pemetrexed combined with cisplatin chemotherapy was given for 2 cycles, and the patient is still alive.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Zhao
- General Surgery of Ziyang First People's Hospital, Ziyang 641300, China
| | - Y L Zhang
- General Surgery of Ziyang First People's Hospital, Ziyang 641300, China
| | - X Liu
- General Surgery of Ziyang First People's Hospital, Ziyang 641300, China
| | - T H Chen
- General Surgery of Ziyang First People's Hospital, Ziyang 641300, China
| | - J Li
- General Surgery of Ziyang First People's Hospital, Ziyang 641300, China
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Fang X, Zhong WL, Yu L, Yang Z, Lin XQ, Chen TH. [Blood pressure control and influencing factors in hypertension patients with metabolic syndrome]. Zhonghua Liu Xing Bing Xue Za Zhi 2020; 41:1514-1517. [PMID: 33076609 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112338-20190926-00704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To investigate the blood pressure control and its influencing factors in hypertension patients with MS. Methods: Between January 2017 and December 2018, more than 78 000 residents aged 35-75 years selected through convenient sampling were invited to participant in China Patient-Centered Evaluative Assessment of Cardiac Event Million Persons Project in Fujian province, physical and laboratory tests were conducted for them, and their basic information were recorded. A total of 5 281 hypertension patients with MS were included in the study. Results: The treatment rate of hypertension patients with MS was 55.5%, and the control rate was 7.2%. The control rate was higher in patients who were older, women, had advanced education level, had history or family history of cardiovascular disease. The results of multivariate analysis indicated that living area (urban or rural), cardiovascular history, diabetes, urine protein, BMI had impacts on both treatment and control of hypertension. Family history of cardiovascular disease, age, self-management of hypertension, dyslipidemia, waist circumference and drinking had impacts on the treatments, and gender had effects on the control. Conclusions: The treatment rate of hypertension patients with MS was unsatisfactory and the control rate was low. Intervention should be strengthened in rural area, males and young age groups, and activity of self-management group of hypertension should be conducted regularly.
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Affiliation(s)
- X Fang
- Department of Chronic and Non-communicable Disease Prevention and Control, Fujian Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Fuzhou 350001, China
| | - W L Zhong
- Department of Chronic and Non-communicable Disease Prevention and Control, Fujian Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Fuzhou 350001, China
| | - L Yu
- Department of Cardiology, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fuzhou 350001, China
| | - Z Yang
- Department of Chronic and Non-communicable Disease Prevention and Control, Fujian Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Fuzhou 350001, China
| | - X Q Lin
- Department of Chronic and Non-communicable Disease Prevention and Control, Fujian Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Fuzhou 350001, China
| | - T H Chen
- Department of Chronic and Non-communicable Disease Prevention and Control, Fujian Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Fuzhou 350001, China
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Yu JJ, Shen F, Chen TH, Liang L, Han J, Xing H, Zhou YH, Wang H, Gu WM, Lau WY, Yang T. Multicentre study of the prognostic impact of preoperative bodyweight on long-term prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma. Br J Surg 2018; 106:276-285. [PMID: 30199100 DOI: 10.1002/bjs.10981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2018] [Revised: 05/09/2018] [Accepted: 07/20/2018] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Whether preoperative bodyweight is associated with long-term prognosis in patients after liver resection for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is controversial. This study aimed to investigate the relationship of patient weight with long-term recurrence and overall survival (OS) after curative liver resection for HCC. METHODS Data for patients with HCC who underwent curative liver resection between 2000 and 2015 in five centres in China were analysed retrospectively in three groups according to their preoperative BMI: underweight (BMI 18·4 kg/m2 or less), normal weight (BMI 18·5-24·9 kg/m2 ) and overweight (BMI 25·0 kg/m2 or above). Patients' baseline characteristics, operative variables and long-term survival outcomes were compared. Univariable and multivariable Cox regression analyses were performed to identify risk factors for OS and recurrence-free survival (RFS) after resection. RESULTS Of 1524 patients, 107 (7·0 per cent) were underweight, 891 (58·5 per cent) were of normal weight and 526 (34·5 per cent) were overweight. Univariable analyses showed that underweight and overweight patients had poorer OS (both P < 0·001) and RFS (both P < 0·001) than patients of normal weight. Multivariable Cox regression analysis also identified both underweight and overweight to be independent risk factors for OS (hazard ratio (HR) 1·22, 95 per cent c.i. 1·19 to 1·56, P = 0·019; and HR 1·57, 1·36 to 1·81, P < 0·001, respectively) and RFS (HR 1·28, 1·16 to 1·53, P = 0·028; and HR 1·34, 1·17 to 1·54, P < 0·001). CONCLUSION Underweight and overweight patients appear to have a worse prognosis than those of normal weight following liver resection for HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- J J Yu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China.,Department of Clinical Medicine, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - F Shen
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - T H Chen
- Department of General Surgery, Ziyang First People's Hospital, Sichuan, China
| | - L Liang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - J Han
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - H Xing
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Y H Zhou
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Pu'er People's Hospital, Yunnan, China
| | - H Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Liuyang People's Hospital, Hunan, China
| | - W M Gu
- The First Department of General Surgery, Fourth Hospital of Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - W Y Lau
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China.,Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, SAR, China
| | - T Yang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
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Li SW, Liu C, Chen TH, Ning JH, Zhang T, Lyu FJ, Xu M. [Clinical effects of pediatric penetrating keratoplasty for congenital corneal opacity]. Zhonghua Yan Ke Za Zhi 2017; 53:941-946. [PMID: 29325387 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0412-4081.2017.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To report the clinical results of pediatric penetrating keratoplasty (PKP) in patients under 3 years old with congenital corneal opacity. Methods: Retrospective study. Sixteen eyes of 12 patients who were treated with PKP in Aier Eye Hospital Group from June 2009 to December 2016 were enrolled in this study. All the patients were diagnosed as congenital corneal opacities: 8 cases (11 eyes) with Peter's anomaly I, 2 cases (3 eyes) with sclerocornea, and 2 cases (2 eyes) with corneal dermoid tumor combined with iris synechia. Seven cases (7 eyes) were under 1 year old. Eight cases (10 eyes) could not follow the light. Only 1 case (2 eyes) received PKP with extracapsular cataract extraction, and the others only had PKP. Postoperative examinations were performed more frequently than in adults, and sometimes general anesthesia was needed. Results: The follow-up period was from 8 months to 6 years (33.17±22.60 months). The postoperative visual acuity improvement was found in all eyes from 1 week to 1 month after surgery except a 3-year-old patient with corneal dermoid tumor with serious esotropia. All the surgeries were successful without intraoperative complications. Graft rejection occurred in 4 cases (4 eyes). The graft of a 33-month-old patient became semitransparent. The grafts of 2 cases under 1 year old were clear after drug therapy. And the vision of a 3-year-old patient with Peter anomaly improved obviously, but immune rejection occurred 2 years after surgery. The second PKP was performed, but rejection occurred again. Secondary glaucoma was found in the other eye early after operation; anti-glaucoma surgery failed, and the graft became cloudy. Graft infection associated with loosened sutures was observed in one case (2 eyes) of sclerocornea, and the second PKP failed. Conclusions: For the patients with congenital corneal opacities, there is often a noticeable visual improvement after PKP. Good postoperative care, appropriate amblyopia treatment and timely examination are the keys to success. (Chin J Ophthalmol, 2017, 53: 941-946).
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Affiliation(s)
- S W Li
- Beijing Aier-Intech Eye Hospital, Beijing 100021, China
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Huang SF, Zhu Y, Lin XQ, Chen TH, Ye Y, Zhong WL, Lin SG, Yin P. [Estimation of underreporting rate of death cases in disease surveillance system of Fujian province using propensity score weighting method, 2012-2014]. Zhonghua Liu Xing Bing Xue Za Zhi 2016; 37:1476-1479. [PMID: 28057138 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0254-6450.2016.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Objective: To understand the underreporting of death cases and related factors in disease surveillance system of Fujian province. Methods: We carried out a field underreporting survey in 20 disease surveillance sites selected through stratified cluster random sampling during 2012-2014. The related factors of underreporting were analyzed by using logistic regression method. Propensity score weighting method was used to calculate the underreporting rate in different groups classified by year, urban/rural areas, gender, age and death cause variables. Results: The overall underreporting rate was 9.21%(95%CI: 9.06%-9.39%) after adjusting by propensity score weighting method. The underreporting rate was higher in rural area (11.55%, 95%CI: 11.30%-11.81%) than in urban area (6.64%, 95%CI: 6.50%-6.78%). The underreporting rate was highest in age group 0-14 years (36.29%, 95% CI: 34.23%-38.67%) and lowest in age group ≥65 years (7.91%, 95% CI: 7.78%-8.03%). The underreporting rate was higher in people died of perinatal disease, congenital anomalies and injury. Conclusion: The underreporting rates were different between different groups classified by urban/rural areas, age and death cause variables. Propensity score weighting method can be used to adjust underreporting rate of death cases in mortality surveillance in Fujian.
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Affiliation(s)
- S F Huang
- Department of Chronic and Non-communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Fujian Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Fuzhou 350001, China
| | - Y Zhu
- Department of Chronic and Non-communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Fujian Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Fuzhou 350001, China
| | - X Q Lin
- Department of Chronic and Non-communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Fujian Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Fuzhou 350001, China
| | - T H Chen
- Department of Chronic and Non-communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Fujian Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Fuzhou 350001, China
| | - Y Ye
- Department of Chronic and Non-communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Fujian Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Fuzhou 350001, China
| | - W L Zhong
- Department of Chronic and Non-communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Fujian Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Fuzhou 350001, China
| | - S G Lin
- Department of Chronic and Non-communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Fujian Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Fuzhou 350001, China
| | - P Yin
- National Center for Chronic and Non-communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100050, China
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Workplace noise exposure gains growing attention in high tech industry. OBJECTIVE This study investigated the noise effect on physiological and subjective responses in semiconductor manufacturing clean room environment. METHODS Twenty subjects including 10 males and 10 females completed all phases of the experiment. Each subject was asked to participate in four treatment combinations of two noise intensities [65 dB(A) and 80 dB(A)] × two frequency levels [high and low]. For each treatment condition, the subject was exposed to the specified noise condition in a sound proof cabin for one hour. The physiological measures included blood pressure and heart rate. The subjective measures included noise sensitivity, fatigue and annoyance. RESULTS The ANOVA results indicate that long-time noise exposure caused significant increase in blood pressure (p< 0.001). Furthermore, the noise intensity by time interaction effect was found to be significant on annoyance and fatigue. CONCLUSIONS The findings suggest that prolonged exposure to noise intensity at 80 dB(A) would result in a significant increase in physiological cost and subjective discomfort feeling. Thus, some countermeasures should be taken to reduce noise exposure and to promote health, and quality of working life.
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Chang YC, Lee KH, Chen TH, Tsai PJ, Chen PY, Guo MC, Lin SA, Chen JY, Yang WC, Ng YY. A case of intraperitoneal fracture of a double-cuff Tenckhoff catheter. Perit Dial Int 2014; 34:132-4. [PMID: 24525604 DOI: 10.3747/pdi.2012.00239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Y C Chang
- Division of Nephrology1 Department of Medicine2 Department of Surgery3 Taipei Veterans General Hospital National Yang-Ming University School of Medicine Taipei, Taiwan
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Chen DY, Schneider PF, Zhang XS, Luo XY, He ZM, Chen TH. Changes in graves' ophthalmopathy after radioiodine and anti-thyroid drug treatment of Graves' disease from 2 prospective, randomized, open-label, blinded end point studies. Exp Clin Endocrinol Diabetes 2013; 122:1-6. [PMID: 24203649 DOI: 10.1055/s-0033-1358484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
AIMS A significant association between radioiodine therapy (RIT) and the development or the worsening of pre-existing Graves' ophthalmopathy (GO) has been reported. This post-hoc analysis of 2 studies attempted to describe the changes observed in pre-existing or new-onset GO following RIT with the goal of euthyroidism rather than hypothyroidism and to describe the relationship GO changes and the final outcome. PATIENTS AND METHODS In 2 prospective, randomized open-label blinded endpoint trials, patients received radioiodine alone; or, patients received radioiodine or antithyroid drug therapy (ATD). The severity and activity of GO were assessed during a 9-12-year follow-up. The study end points in study 1 were euthyroidism, hyperthyroidism, hypothyroidism, and changes in GO. In study 2, the end points were euthyroidism, hyperthyroidism, hypothyroidism, relapse, and changes in GO. RESULTS Both RIT and ATD were associated with worsening GO and new-onset GO. Both RIT and ATD led to similar aggravation of pre-existing GO or the development to new-onset GO. After RIT or ATD, the euthyroid patients (without levothyroxine substitution) demonstrated an improvement in GO, with 78-89% patients with preexisting GO exhibiting improvement, whereas hyperthyroid, hypothyroid and relapsed patients had worsening or new-onset GO. CONCLUSIONS Thyroid function is a dominant risk factor. Thyroid function may be the most important determinant in worsening or new-onset GO in both the natural disease course and in treated patients, independent of the kind of treatment. Therefore, we recommend euthyroidism as a goal of treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Y Chen
- Department of Nuclear Medicine of The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - P F Schneider
- Clinic for Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital, Würzburg, Germany
| | - X S Zhang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine of The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - X Y Luo
- Ophthalmology Division, Guangdong General Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Z M He
- Department of Internal Medicine of The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - T H Chen
- Department of Nuclear Medicine of The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
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Chen DY, Schneider PF, Zhang XS, He ZM, Jing J, Chen TH. Mental health status and factors that influence the course of Graves' disease and antithyroid treatments. Exp Clin Endocrinol Diabetes 2012; 120:524-8. [PMID: 23070829 DOI: 10.1055/s-0032-1323807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Biological, psychological and social factors may interact with the mental health status of Graves' disease (GD) patients before and after antithyroid drug (ATD) treatment. Our aim was to quantify the impact of supportive and risk factors after recovery from GD which may enhance cure rates. PATIENTS AND METHODS 300 patients were recruited for a 6-year prospective cohort study. Before and after treatment, we assessed the impact of biopsychosocial factors on the success of ATD treatment and mental health using the Symptom Checklist 90, the Eysenck Personality Questionnaire, the Life Event Scale, Simplified Coping Styles and the Perceived Social Support Scale. The patients routinely received ATD at least over 18 months. End-point was defined as cured (at least 2 years without a relapse after the withdrawal of ATD), otherwise as not cured. RESULTS Regression analysis explained 80.5% of the influences affecting mental health. The odds ratios (OR) revealed positive coping styles (OR: 2.90, 95% CI, 1.09-7.68), negative events (OR: 1.04, 95% CI, 1.01-1.07) and social support (OR: 5.10, 95% CI, 2.77-9.40) as protective factors, predicting a cure for GD patients. These variables explained 61.7% of the influences leading to a cure or no cure. Large thyroid volume was a risk factor, predicting failure (OR: 0.865, 95% CI, 0.83-0.90, P<0.000). CONCLUSIONS Enhancing positive coping strategies and social support is important to improve mental health in GD patients, to avoid compromising work-related performance and endangering a patient's social status.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Y Chen
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
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Hayes PM, Blake T, Chen TH, Tragoonrung S, Chen F, Pan A, Liu B. Quantitative trait loci on barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) chromosome 7 associated with components of winterhardiness. Genome 2012; 36:66-71. [PMID: 18469970 DOI: 10.1139/g93-009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 143] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Quantitative trait loci (QTL) controlling traits associated with winterhardiness in barley (field survival, LT50, growth habit, and crown fructan content) were mapped to chromosome 7 in a population of 100 F1-derived doubled haploid lines. The largest QTL effects for all traits were detected in a 21% recombination interval on the long arm of chromosome 7. QTL in this region accounted for 37-68% of the variation for three measures of cold tolerance, 47% of the variation for growth habit, and 28% of the variation in crown fructan content. Trait association may be due to linkage rather than pleiotropy.
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Wu YL, Chen LC, Sheu MH, Chen TH, Wu SC, Wu CL, Li SY, Yang WC, Ng YY. Peritoneal-uterine communication: a complication of prolonged embedding of a peritoneal catheter. ARCH ESP UROL 2012; 32:481-3. [PMID: 22859846 DOI: 10.3747/pdi.2011.00016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Chen TH, Lin MS, Kung WM, Hung KS, Chiang YH, Chen CH. Combined ventriculoperitoneal shunt blockage, viscus perforation and migration into urethra, presenting with repeated urinary tract infection. Ann R Coll Surg Engl 2011; 93:e151-3. [PMID: 22004629 PMCID: PMC5827002 DOI: 10.1308/147870811x602212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
We present an extremely rare case of delayed and combined ventriculoperitoneal shunt blockage, viscus perforation and migration into the urethra manifested by a repeated urinary tract infection. This was discovered six months after the shunt was inserted. Although there were various other transient symptoms, the patient did not show obvious peritoneal signs. This complication could have been lethal if the discovery had been delayed. One of the best ways of preventing such migration is possibly the use of a softer catheter. However, making sure of appropriate redundancy for the abdominal part of the catheter may be of equal importance.
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Affiliation(s)
- T H Chen
- Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
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Chang HC, Chen TH, Lin DL. Forensic Science in Support of Wildlife Conservation Efforts - Developments in Morphological and Chemical Approaches in Taiwan. Forensic Sci Rev 2011; 23:37-54. [PMID: 26231168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Parts from animals that are now endangered species (such as bear bile, rhino horn, and tiger bone) have long been important ingredients of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM). Deeply believing in the potency of these ingredients and coupled with substantial gains in wealth of the population in Taiwan in the 1980s, ugly scenarios came to light. Taiwan quickly became the target of investigation pursued by international wildlife conservationists. To provide scientific bases for the government's investigation efforts, morphological, chemical/physical, and genetic methods were developed to characterize TCM products. This review focuses on Taiwanese scientists' efforts on the following topic matters: (a) morphological approach to identify CITES-listed species from the turtle shells traded in the TCM market; (b) chromatographic and spectrophotometric methods for the identification and differentiation of bile products of different animal origins; and (c) gas chromatography-mass spectrometry method for the analysis of deer musk components and alleged musk products.
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Affiliation(s)
- H C Chang
- School of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung City, Taiwan
| | - T H Chen
- Institute of Wildlife Conservation, National Pinging University of Science and Technology, Neipu Hsiang, Pinging Hsien, Taiwan
| | - D L Lin
- Institute of Forensic Medicine, Ministry of Justice, New Taipei City, Taiwan
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Tsai MC, Chen TH, Chang MH, Chen TY, Lin CC. Gallbladder perforation with formation of hepatic subcapsular biloma, treated with endoscopic nasobiliary drainage. Endoscopy 2010; 42 Suppl 2:E206-7. [PMID: 20845274 DOI: 10.1055/s-0030-1255709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M C Tsai
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital and Institute of Medicine of Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
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Duffy SW, Tabar L, Olsen AH, Vitak B, Allgood PC, Chen TH, Yen AM, Smith R. Cancer mortality in the 50-69 year age group before and after screening. J Med Screen 2010. [DOI: 10.1258/jms.2010.010083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S W Duffy
- Wolfson Institute of Preventive Medicine, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square, London EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - L Tabar
- Wolfson Institute of Preventive Medicine, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square, London EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - A H Olsen
- Wolfson Institute of Preventive Medicine, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square, London EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - B Vitak
- Wolfson Institute of Preventive Medicine, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square, London EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - P C Allgood
- Wolfson Institute of Preventive Medicine, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square, London EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - T H Chen
- Wolfson Institute of Preventive Medicine, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square, London EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - A M Yen
- Wolfson Institute of Preventive Medicine, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square, London EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - Ra Smith
- Wolfson Institute of Preventive Medicine, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square, London EC1M 6BQ, UK
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Chen CH, Chen TH, Kuo SJ, Chen CP, Lee DJ, Ke YY, Yeh KT, Ma GC, Liu CS, Shih JC, Chen M. Genetic evaluation and management of fetal chylothorax: review and insights from a case of Noonan syndrome. Lymphology 2009; 42:134-138. [PMID: 19927903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Fetal chylothorax is one of a very few syndromes that can be treated in utero with thoracoamniotic shunting or pleurodesis by OK-432 as two major therapeutic modalities. We report on a fetus with Noonan syndrome and a missense mutation c.182A > C (p.Asp61Ala) of PTPN11 who responded poorly to antenatal pleurodesis by OK-432. Based on our previous publication and this case study, we propose that fetal chylothorax of a distinct genetic origin may respond poorly to OK-432 pleurodesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- C H Chen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan
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Blossom DB, Chen TH, Li J, Langer AJ, Carpenter LR, Glenshaw MT, Gould CV, Weltman A, Srinivasan A. Self-limited febrile syndromes temporally associated with the use of propofol for sedation in gastrointestinal endoscopic procedures. Pharmacoepidemiol Drug Saf 2009; 18:344-8. [PMID: 19242954 DOI: 10.1002/pds.1696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate cases of febrile illnesses in patients who received propofol for sedation during gastrointestinal endoscopy. METHODS Active case finding for patients who underwent endoscopy between 1 April and 30 May 2007 and suffered unexplained fever, chills, or myalgia within 48 hour after the procedure. We reviewed medications and clinical practices to find factors associated with the reactions. RESULTS Seventy-four cases at eight facilities in five states were identified yielding a rate of 36 reactions per 1000 procedures, compared with a baseline rate of 0.6 per 1000. The majority of patients experienced self-limited fever (89.2%), chills (73.0%), or myalgia (63.5%). Blood samples from five patients were collected for culture; no organisms grew. All health care facilities that reported cases and fully participated in the investigation (n = 7) had received a common lot of propofol just before recognition of the first case. Bacterial endotoxin and sterility testing on unopened vials from this lot of propofol showed no abnormalities. Cases terminated after facilities stopped using the associated lot of propofol. CONCLUSIONS We found a temporal association between a particular lot of propofol and an outbreak of febrile illnesses at several healthcare facilities performing endoscopy. When propofol is used to sedate patients for endoscopy, fever is a rare outcome and healthcare professionals should investigate clusters of these reactions. Post-procedure surveillance is important to identify possible medication reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- D B Blossom
- Epidemic Intelligence Service, Office of Workforce and Career Development, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA 30333, USA.
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Wu SY, Pan SL, Chen TH, Liao CH, Huang DY, Guh JH, Chang YL, Kuo SC, Lee FY, Teng CM. YC-1 induces apoptosis of human renal carcinoma A498 cells in vitro and in vivo through activation of the JNK pathway. Br J Pharmacol 2008; 155:505-13. [PMID: 18641674 DOI: 10.1038/bjp.2008.292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE The aim of this study was to elucidate the mechanism of YC-1{3-(5'-hydroxy methyl-2'-furyl)-1-benzylindazole}-induced human renal carcinoma cells apoptosis and to evaluate the potency of YC-1 in models of tumour growth in mice. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH YC-1-mediated apoptosis was assessed by analysis of MTT, SRB, DAPI staining and flow cytometry analysis. Knockdown of JNK protein was achieved by transient transfection using siRNA. The mechanisms of action of YC-1 on different signalling pathways involved were studied using western blot. Fas clustering was analysed by confocal microscopy and in vivo efficacy was examined in a A498 xenograft model. KEY RESULTS YC-1 displayed cytotoxicity in renal carcinoma cells at 10(-7)-10(-8) M. Increased condensation of chromatin was observed and an increase in the cell population in subG1 phase. Moreover, YC-1 triggered mitochondria-mediated and caspase-dependent pathways. YC-1 significantly induced Fas ligand expression, but did not modify either the protein levels of death receptors or ligands. In addition, Fas clustering in cells responsive to YC-1 was observed, suggesting involvement of a Fas-mediated pathway. Furthermore, YC-1 markedly induced phosphorylation of JNK and a JNK inhibitor, SP600125, and siRNA JNK1/2 significantly reversed YC-1-induced cytotoxicity and protein expression. We suggest that YC-1 induced JNK phosphorylation, the upregulation of FasL and Fas receptor clustering to promote the activation of caspases 8 and 3, resulting in apoptosis. Finally, we demonstrated the antitumour effect of YC-1 in vivo. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS These data suggest that YC-1 is a good candidate for development as an anticancer drug.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Y Wu
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Pharmacological Institute, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
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Chung SY, Chen TH, Lai SL, Huang CH, Chen WH. Hypercalcemia and status epilepticus relates to salmon calcitonin administration in breast cancer. Breast 2005; 14:399-402. [PMID: 16143533 DOI: 10.1016/j.breast.2004.08.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2004] [Revised: 05/25/2004] [Accepted: 08/18/2004] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Calcitonin is currently used to treat hypercalcemia of many clinical types. However, we encountered a woman who suffered severe hypercalcemia and status epilepticus, both of which developed 8 days after the administration of salmon calcitonin for the treatment of breast cancer. When the patient first presented her serum calcium level was 15.5mg/dl, intact parathyroid hormone level 118 pg/ml, calcitonin <2 pg/ml, magnesium 1.2mg/dl, and phosphate 1mg/dl. Her serum calcium level returned to the reference range within 48 h after correction. At follow-up no hypercalcemia had developed, although the patient had received no further treatment for her breast cancer and multiple metastases were subsequently detected. Her hypercalcemia is ascribed to exogenous calcitonin supplementation. These conflicting events may be due to functionally heterogeneous calcitonin receptors or to activation of 1 alpha-hydroxylase by exogenous calcitonin.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Y Chung
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, 123 Tai pei Road, Niao Sung Hsing, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
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Abstract
We reviewed 29 patients who had undergone intercalary resection for malignant tumours. Of these, 14 had received segmental allograft reconstruction and 15 extracorporeally-irradiated autograft. At a mean follow-up of 71 months (24 to 132), 20 were free from disease, five had died and four were alive with pulmonary metastases. Two patients, one with an allograft and one with an irradiated autograft, had a local recurrence. Reconstruction with extracorporeally-irradiated autograft has a significantly lower rate of nonunion (7% vs 43%, p = 0.031) but an insignificantly higher rate of fracture (20% vs 14%, p = 0.535) than that with segmental allograft. Using the Enneking functional evaluation system, the mean postoperative score for the patients without local recurrence was 87% (80% to 96%) and was similar in both groups. Extracorporeally-irradiated autograft could be an acceptable alternative for reconstruction after intercalary resection, especially in countries where it is difficult to obtain allografts.
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Affiliation(s)
- T H Chen
- Division of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 112, Taiwan.
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Chen WM, Chen TH, Huang CK, Chiang CC, Lo WH. Treatment of malignant bone tumours by extracorporeally irradiated autograft-prosthetic composite arthroplasty. J Bone Joint Surg Br 2002; 84:1156-61. [PMID: 12463662 DOI: 10.1302/0301-620x.84b8.13508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Autogenous bone graft which has been either autoclaved or irradiated is commonly used in oriental countries as an alternative to allograft. We started to use the technique of extracorporeal irradiation of the resected specimen and reimplantation (ECIR) in 1991. There was, however, a high incidence of fracture of the irradiated bone and loss of articular cartilage. In an attempt to reduce these complications, we combined the irradiated autograft with a conventional arthroplasty. Between 1995 and 1998, 14 patients underwent limb salvage by this method. Seven had an osteosarcoma, two bony metastases, three a chondrosarcoma, one a malignant fibrous histiocytoma, and one a leiomyosarcoma. Ten tumours were located in the proximal femur, two in the proximal humerus, and two in the distal femur. One patient who had a solitary metastasis in the proximal part of the left femur died from lung metastases 13 months after operation. The remaining 13 patients were alive and without evidence of local recurrence or distant metastases at a mean follow-up of 43 months (28 to 72). Postoperative palsy of the sciatic nerve occurred in one patient, but no complications such as wound infection, fracture, or nonunion were seen. All host-irradiated bone junctions healed uneventfully within eight months. Using the Enneking functional evaluation system, the mean postoperative score for all 14 patients was 80% (57 to 93). The use of irradiated autograft prosthesis composites reduces the complications of ECIR and gives good functional results. It may be a good alternative in limb-salvage surgery, especially in countries where it is difficult to obtain allografts.
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Affiliation(s)
- W M Chen
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology,Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
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Abstract
This study evaluated the suitability of fimY gene amplification by PCR as an effective means of detecting Salmonella species. Although fimY gene of Salmonella typhimurium is involved in regulating type 1 fimbrial expression, the amino acid sequence of FimY shares very little homology with other known prokaryotic proteins in the GenBank database. Therefore, fimY is a promising target gene to detect the presence of Salmonella species. Herein, two primers internal to the fimY gene of S. typhimurium are used to investigate the distribution of the fimY homologous sequence among 45 Salmonella serovars and 20 non-Salmonella species by using PCR. Experimental results indicated that only Salmonella species possessed the fimY homologous sequence, subsequently generating the specific 526-bp DNA fragments. The sensitivity of the fmY-specific primer set was demonstrated on a Salmonella-free swab sample from a pork carcass surface, which was then artificially contaminated with different concentrations of S. typhimurium. A combining of pre-enrichment step in buffered peptone water and PCR amplification of fimY allowed the detection of S. typhimurium at the concentration of 3.4 x 10(0) CFU/ml from the swab sample. With an additional enrichment step in Rappaport-Vassiliadis (RV) broth, this procedure can also detect pork carcass surface naturally contaminated with Salmonella species in a slaughterhouse. Results in this study demonstrate that fimY is unique to Salmonella species and is an appropriate PCR target for detecting these microorganisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- K S Yeh
- Department of Pathobiology, Pig Research Institute Taiwan, Chunan, Miaoli.
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Chen YS, Yao CH, Chen TH, Lin JG, Hsieh CL, Lin CC, Lao CJ, Tsai CC. Effect of acupuncture stimulation on peripheral nerve regeneration using silicone rubber chambers. Am J Chin Med 2002; 29:377-85. [PMID: 11789580 DOI: 10.1142/s0192415x01000393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to determine whether acupuncture could affect the regeneration of a 10-mm gap of rat sciatic nerve created between the proximal and distal nerve stumps, which were sutured into silicone rubber tubes. Empty silicone rubber tubes with no further treatment were used as controls. Six weeks after implantation, the animals received the acupuncture or the electroneedling treatment exhibited a more mature ultrastructural nerve organization with significantly higher numbers in the axon density, the blood vessel area, and the percentage of blood vessel area occupied in total nerve area than the controls. In addition, the electroneedling could combine both the needling and the electrical stimulation to potentiate the nerve-growth promoting effect of the acupuncture treatment. These results showed that acupuncture treatment could elicit positive effects on regenerated peripheral nerves.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y S Chen
- Institute of Chinese Medical Science, China Medical College, Taichung, Taiwan
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Palafox NA, Ou AC, Haberle H, Chen TH. Quantifying tobacco related health care expenditures in the Republic of the Marshall Islands: a case study in determining health costs in a developing US associated island nation. Asian Am Pac Isl J Health 2002; 9:74-80. [PMID: 11720417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/22/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This case study examines the advantages, disadvantages, and utility of three research methods to measure the medical costs of tobacco use in the Republic of the Marshall Islands (RMI). METHODS The authors used the morbidity-based models, models based on the difference in utilization of medical facilities between smokers and non-smokers, and models of inter-country comparisons. FINDINGS In the RMI, morbidity models would have a propensity to grossly under-estimate the medical costs of tobacco use. Models that measure the difference in medical service utilization between smokers and non-smokers can be confounded by cultural factors and by the level of health care that is provided. The RMI population structure affected the sampling methods. The external validity of the survey instrument may be increased through measuring more parameters with greater precision. Inter-country comparisons may be used to approximate and set upper and lower limits of costs for past medical costs, and may be the only method to determine future health care costs from tobacco use. CONCLUSIONS Determining medical costs of tobacco use in an US Associated island nation with an under-developed health care infrastructure has not been previously attempted. There were significant methodological challenges that were encountered. Health, economic, cultural, and research environments in the RMI are unique and require innovative methods to determine medical costs associated with tobacco use. Direct application of the methodologies utilized in the United States to determine medical costs of tobacco use may grossly under-estimate the medical cost of tobacco use in the RMI. The research challenges can be addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- N A Palafox
- Department of Family Practice and Community Health, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI, USA.
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Chen YS, Hu CL, Hsieh CL, Lin JG, Tsai CC, Chen TH, Yao CH. Effects of percutaneous electrical stimulation on peripheral nerve regeneration using silicone rubber chambers. J Biomed Mater Res 2001; 57:541-9. [PMID: 11553884 DOI: 10.1002/1097-4636(20011215)57:4<541::aid-jbm1200>3.0.co;2-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to determine whether 0.8-1 mA, 2 Hz of percutaneous electrical stimulation could affect the regeneration of a 10-mm gap of rat sciatic nerve created between the proximal and distal nerve stumps, which were sutured into silicone rubber tubes. Six weeks after implantation, though the group receiving the electrical stimulation had a lower success percentage of regeneration (57%) compared with the controls receiving no stimulation (70%), quantitative histology of the successfully regenerated nerves revealed that the mean values of the axon density, blood vessel number, blood vessel area, and percentage of blood vessel area in total nerve area in the group with the electrical stimulation were all significantly larger than those in the controls (p < 0.05). These results showed that the electrical stimulation could elicit rehabilitating effects on the regenerated nerves.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y S Chen
- Institute of Chinese Medical Science, China Medical College, Taichung, Taiwan, ROC
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Chang W, Pratt S, Chen TH, Bourguignon L, Shoback D. Amino acids in the cytoplasmic C terminus of the parathyroid Ca2+-sensing receptor mediate efficient cell-surface expression and phospholipase C activation. J Biol Chem 2001; 276:44129-36. [PMID: 11535593 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m104834200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The C-terminal tail of the calcium receptor (CaR) regulates the affinity of the receptor for ligand, desensitization, and membrane localization. To determine the role of specific amino acids in the bovine parathyroid CaR in mediating signal transduction and cell-surface expression, we transfected truncated and mutated CaR cDNAs into HEK-293 cells. The ability of high extracellular [Ca(2+)] ([Ca(2+)](o)) to increase total inositol phosphate (InsP) production, an index of phospholipase C (PLC) activation, was determined. Receptor expression was assessed by immunoblotting and immunocytochemistry. In cells transiently or stably expressing receptors with the C-terminal tail truncated after residue 895 (CaR-(1-895)) or 929 (CaR-(1-929)), raising [Ca(2+)](o) increased InsPs to levels comparable with those of cells expressing wild-type CaRs. There were no PLC responses to high [Ca(2+)](o) (up to 30 mm) in cells expressing CaRs with C-terminal tails of only 3 residues (CaR-(1-866)), even though these receptors were expressed in the membrane. We scanned the residues between Ser(866) and Val(895) using tandem-Ala and single-site mutagenesis. Two point mutants (His(880) --> Ala and Phe(882) --> Ala CaR) showed 50-70% reductions in high [Ca(2+)](o)-induced InsP production. The levels of expression and glycosylation of these mutants were comparable with wild-type CaRs, but both receptors were profoundly retained in intracellular organelles and co-localized with the endoplasmic reticulum marker BiP. This suggested that the signaling defects of these receptors were likely because of defective trafficking of receptors to the cell surface. Modeling of the C-terminal domain of the CaR indicated that His(880) and Phe(882) are situated in a putative alpha-helical structure of 15 amino acids between residues 877 and 891 in the C-terminal tail. Our studies support the idea that specific amino acids, and possibly a unique secondary structure in the C-terminal tail, are required for the efficient targeting of the CaR to the cell surface required for PLC activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Chang
- Endocrine Research Unit, Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, University of California, San Francisco, California 94121, USA
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Chen RC, Chang SF, Su CL, Chen TH, Yen MF, Wu HM, Chen ZY, Liou HH. Prevalence, incidence, and mortality of PD: a door-to-door survey in Ilan county, Taiwan. Neurology 2001; 57:1679-86. [PMID: 11706111 DOI: 10.1212/wnl.57.9.1679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The reported prevalence and incidence rates of PD were significantly lower in China than those in Western countries. People in China and Taiwan have a similar ethnic background. OBJECTIVE To investigate the prevalence, incidence, and mortality rate of PD in Taiwan. METHOD The authors conducted a population-based survey using a two-stage door-to-door approach for patients aged 40 years or older in Ilan, Taiwan. Patients were diagnosed with PD by having at least two of the four cardinal signs of parkinsonism and exclusion of seconddary parkinsonism. To identify new cases of PD after the survey, patients with negative results of parkinsonism in the first stage were matched to the information on clinical diagnosis of PD from the Bureau of National Health Insurance toward the end of December 31, 1997. All cases of PD were linked to the Taiwan mortality registration to ascertain causes of deaths until December 31, 1999. RESULTS The participation rate was 88.1% among the 11,411 contacted individuals. Thirty-seven cases of PD were identified. The age-adjusted prevalence rate of PD for all age groups was 130.1 per 100,000 population after being adjusted to the 1970 US census, assuming no cases of PD would be found among those younger than 40 years of age. Of 9972 non-PD subjects in the first screen, 15 new cases of PD were ascertained. The age-adjusted incidence rate was 10.4 per 100,000 population for all age groups. The case fatality rate of PD after a 7-year follow-up was 40.4% (21 deaths in 52 patients with PD). The relative risk of death for PD cases versus non-PD cases was 3.38 (95% CI: 2.05-4.34). The 5-year cumulative survival rate in PD cases (78.85%) was statistically lower than that in non-PD cases (92.84%). CONCLUSION The prevalence and incidence rates of PD in Taiwan were much higher than those reported in China, but closer to those in Western countries. These results suggest that environmental factors may be more important than racial factors in the pathogenesis of PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- R C Chen
- Department of Neurology, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
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Abstract
The cost-effectiveness analysis of mass screening for Type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) was performed to elucidate whether, who and how often it should be conducted in Taiwan. A series of Markov process was developed to model the disease natural history of Type 2 DM. A hypothetical cohort with 30,000 residents aged over 30 years in Taiwan was randomly assigned to three arms of screening regimes, biennial, five-yearly and the control group. A Monte Carlo computer simulation was performed to calculate effectiveness of two screening regimes compared with the control group. Direct costs and utilities were incorporated to each corresponding state to calculate the incremental costs per life-years gained and per quality-adjusted life-years (QALYs) for biennial and five-yearly screening regimes. The incremental costs for biennial screening regime were estimated at $26,750 per life-year gained, and $17,833 per QALY. The corresponding figures for five-yearly screening regime were $10,531 per life-year gained and $17,113 per QALY. The incremental costs per life-year gained and per QALY increase with age, ranging from $17,238 for aged 30-39 years to $54,700 for aged over 70 years and from $9193 to 36,467, respectively. In conclusion, mass screening for Type 2 DM, especially in younger subjects, with 5-year inter-screening interval is cost-effective in Taiwan.
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Affiliation(s)
- T H Chen
- Graduate Institute of Epidemiology, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC.
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Abstract
We investigated the risk factors associated with infantile spasms (IS) by a hospital-based case-control study in Taiwan. Twenty-five patients with IS were recruited from one medical center (National Taiwan University Hospital) between 1990 and 1997. Based on a close-structured questionnaire, standardized interviews were carried out to obtain information on risk factors associated with IS. Two comparison groups are used, including a total of 106 subjects in the Disease Control group, and 139 subjects in the Normal Control group. Unconditional logistic regression is used to calculate odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI). Univariate analysis revealed gestational age, congenital cerebral anomalies, tuberous sclerosis (TS), asphyxia, febrile seizure, and developmental delay (before onset of spasm) were at increased risk of IS. After adjustment of multiple risk factors through unconditional logistic regression, significant risk factors for IS include congenital cerebral anomalies, TS, asphyxia, postterm, and developmental delay were highly associated with IS. The risk factors of IS may closely relate to underlying neurological abnormalities. Our results are consistent with the previous findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- H H Liou
- Department of Neurology and Pharmacology, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University College of Medicine, 7 Chung San South Road, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
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Affiliation(s)
- C P Lin
- Department of Anesthesiology, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
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Chen TH, Chan KC, Cheng YJ, Wang MJ, Tsai SK. Bedside pericardiocentesis under the guidance of transesophageal echocardiography in a 13-month-old boy. J Formos Med Assoc 2001; 100:620-2. [PMID: 11695278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Pericardial effusion is a common sequel to cardiac surgery. Urgent pericardiocentesis is required in the case of cardiac tamponade. In adult patients, most pericardiocentesis is accomplished using transthoracic echocardiographic imaging. However, transthoracic echocardiographic imaging may interfere with the procedure field in children. We report the case of a 13-month-old boy who developed cardiac tamponade resulting in heart failure after surgical repair of tetralogy of Fallot. Urgent pericardiocentesis was safely performed at the bedside under transesophageal echocardiographic guidance. Transesophageal echocardiographic monitoring during pericardiocentesis in children has the advantages of better imaging of pericardial effusion without procedure-field interference.
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Affiliation(s)
- T H Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, National Taiwan University, College of Medicine and Hospital, Taipei
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Chang JJ, Chen TH, Chan P, Chen YJ, Hsu FL, Lo MY, Lin JY. The in vitro inhibitory effect of tannin derivatives on 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme a reductase on vero cells. Pharmacology 2001; 62:224-8. [PMID: 11359999 DOI: 10.1159/000056099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Coronary heart disease is still the major cause of death in industrialized countries. Multiple primary or secondary interventional trials to lower serum cholesterol in humans have resulted in significant reduction of coronary events and death, one of the major reasons attributed to developing a 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase inhibitor such as pravastatin. Developing new inhibitors of cholesterol synthesis is still common in the pharmaceutical industry. Tannin comprises a large group of natural polyphenolic compounds possessing antioxidant effects. The methods for analysis of specific inhibitors of mevalonate biosynthesis have already been well established by using Vero cells, a cell line obtained from kidneys of African green monkeys. Tannin derivatives isolated from different traditional Chinese herbs were dissolved in DMSO and incubated with Vero cells with or without the addition of 1 mmol/l mevalonate or 5 mmol/l sodium acetate for 24 h in order to observe cell growth. Pravastatin, a specific HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor, was used as positive control which could inhibit Vero cells growth effectively and cell growth inhibition was reversible after adding 1 mmol/l mevalonate. More than 50 tannin derivatives were used for the study, but only two compounds - proanthrocyanidin A-2 (belonging to the flavan-3-ol group) and 1,2,3,6-tetra-O-galloyl-beta-D-glucose (belonging to the gallotannin group) - showed significant growth inhibition of Vero cells. This study showed that some isolated tannin derivatives from traditional herbs were effective HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors which might be developed into new hypocholesterolemic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- J J Chang
- Department of Medicine, Taipei Medical College and Wan-Fang Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan/ROC
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Chen TH, Liu JC, Chang JJ, Tsai MF, Hsieh MH, Chan P. The in vitro inhibitory effect of flavonoid astilbin on 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase on Vero cells. Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi (Taipei) 2001; 64:382-7. [PMID: 11584575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Epidemiological studies have shown that hypercholesterolemia is a major risk factor for coronary heart disease. In clinical trials of lipid lowering therapy, 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl Coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase inhibitor has been shown to decrease cardiac events and mortality. Flavonoids are polyphenolic natural antioxidants existing in vegetables, fruits and beverages such as tea and wine. Previous studies have shown that some antioxidants had hypocholesterolemic effect, and flavonoid intake was associated with the decrease of mortality from coronary artery disease. The aim of this study was to evaluate the inhibitory effect of flavonoids on HMG-CoA reductase. METHODS The methods for analysis of specific inhibitors of mevalonate biosynthesis have been well-established, using Vero cells, a cell line obtained from kidneys of African green monkeys. Flavonoids isolated from different traditional Chinese herbs were dissolved in DMSO and incubated with Vero cells with or without the addition of 1 mM mevalonate or 5 mM sodium acetate in order to observe cell growth for 24 h. RESULTS Concentrations of 1 mM mevalonate or 5 mM sodium acetate were added into culture medium in order to observe the effect on cell growth. Different concentrations of pravastatin to inhibit cell growth were used as a positive control. About 40 flavonoid compounds were used for study, only one compound, astilbin (belonging to the flavonol group), showed significant inhibition of Vero cell growth. CONCLUSIONS This study shows that one flavonoid compound, isolated from traditional medicinal herbs, may be an effective HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor which might be developed into a new hypocholesterolemic agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- T H Chen
- Department of Medicine, Taipei Medical University-Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, R.O.C
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Chang W, Pratt SA, Chen TH, Tu CL, Mikala G, Schwartz A, Shoback D. Parathyroid cells express dihydropyridine-sensitive cation currents and L-type calcium channel subunits. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2001; 281:E180-9. [PMID: 11404236 DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.2001.281.1.e180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Parathyroid cells express Ca2+ -conducting currents that are activated by raising the extracellular Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]o). We investigated the sensitivity of these currents to dihydropyridines, the expression of voltage-dependent Ca(2+) channel (VDCC) subunits, and the effects of dihydropyridines on the intracellular free [Ca2+] ([Ca2+]i) and secretion in these cells. Dihydropyridine channel antagonists dose dependently suppressed Ca2+ -conducting currents, and agonists partially reversed the inhibitory effects of the antagonists in these cells. From a bovine parathyroid cDNA library, we isolated cDNA fragments encoding parts of an alpha(1S)- and a beta(3)-subunit of L-type Ca(2+) channels. The alpha(1S)-subunit cDNA from the parathyroid represents an alternatively spliced variant lacking exon 29 of the corresponding gene. Northern blot analysis and immunocytochemistry confirmed the presence of transcripts and proteins for alpha(1)- and beta(3)-subunits in the parathyroid gland. The addition of dihydropyridines had no significant effects on high [Ca2+]o-induced changes in [Ca2+]i and parathyroid hormone (PTH) release. Thus our studies indicate that parathyroid cells express alternatively spliced L-type Ca2+ channel subunits, which do not modulate acute intracellular Ca2+ responses or changes in PTH release.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Chang
- Endocrine Research Unit, Department of Medicine, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, University of California, San Francisco, California 04121, USA
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Chen TH, Tseng LM, Chau GY, Lui WY, Tsay SH, King KL, Loong CC, Hsia CY, Wu CW. Clinicopathologic and prognostic differences between patients with hepatitis B- and C-related resectable hepatocellular carcinoma. J Formos Med Assoc 2001; 100:443-8. [PMID: 11579608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/21/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Hepatitis B and C viral infections are important factors in the development of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). This study examined the clinicopathologic and prognostic differences in patients with hepatitis B- and C-related resectable HCC. METHODS A total of 270 HCC patients who underwent hepatic resection were enrolled. Among these patients, 211 were positive for hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) and 59 were positive for anti-hepatitis C virus antibody (anti-HCV). The clinical manifestations, pathologic features, and treatment outcomes were compared between the HBsAg-positive and anti-HCV-positive groups. RESULTS Compared to anti-HCV-positive patients, HBsAg-positive patients were significantly younger, had a higher familial incidence of HCC, larger tumor size, and a higher incidence of multiple tumors. HCC patients who were anti-HCV positive had worse liver function and a higher incidence of history of blood transfusion. DNA flow cytometric analysis revealed significantly more proliferative activity in the non-tumor part of the liver in HBsAg-positive HCC patients. The 1-, 3-, and 5-year overall survival rates of HBsAg-positive patients were 79%, 57%, and 48%, respectively, and for anti-HCV-positive patients were 91%, 75%, and 62%, respectively. HBsAg-positive patients had a significantly lower overall survival rate than anti-HCV-positive patients (p = 0.018). CONCLUSIONS HBsAg-positive patients with resectable HCC had a less favorable survival rate after tumor resection than anti-HCV-positive HCC patients. This survival difference might have been related to the relatively advanced stage of disease and the higher proliferative activity of the non-tumor part of the liver in HBsAg-positive HCC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- T H Chen
- Department of Surgery, Veterans General Hospital, College of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Department of Biology and Anatomy, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
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Chen TH, Hsu CS, Tsai PJ, Ho YF, Lin NS. Heterotrimeric G-protein and signal transduction in the nematode-trapping fungus Arthrobotrys dactyloides. Planta 2001; 212:858-863. [PMID: 11346962 DOI: 10.1007/s004250000451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
The fungus Arthrobotrys dactyloides produces specialized constricting rings to trap and then consume nematodes. The signal transduction pathway involved in the nematode-trapping process was examined. Mastoparan, an activator of G-protein, had a stimulatory effect on the inflation of ring cells, whereas a G-protein inhibitor, pertussis toxin, prevented ring-cell expansion. The 40-kDa G alpha of heterotrimeric G-proteins was specifically ADP-ribosylated by pertussis toxin. Using an antibody specific to the 35-kDa subunit G beta, we showed that immunogold-labeled G beta was more concentrated in ring cells than in the hyphae. In the absence of nematodes, the rings could be inflated by either pressurizing the culture in a syringe, raising intracellular Ca2+ concentrations, or adding warm water. We used these methods to reveal differences in responses to antagonists. The results support a model in which the pressure exerted by a nematode on the ring activates G-proteins in the ring cells. The activation leads to an increase in cytoplasmic Ca2+, activation of calmodulin, and finally the opening of water channels. The ring cells expand to constrict the ring and thus immobilize the nematode.
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Affiliation(s)
- T H Chen
- Institute of Botany, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan 11529.
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Makita T, Hernandez-Hoyos G, Chen TH, Wu H, Rothenberg EV, Sucov HM. A developmental transition in definitive erythropoiesis: erythropoietin expression is sequentially regulated by retinoic acid receptors and HNF4. Genes Dev 2001; 15:889-901. [PMID: 11297512 PMCID: PMC312661 DOI: 10.1101/gad.871601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
The cytokine erythropoietin (Epo) promotes erythropoietic progenitor cell proliferation and is required for erythropoietic differentiation. We have found that the Epo gene is a direct transcriptional target gene of retinoic acid signaling during early erythropoiesis (prior to embryonic day E12.5) in the fetal liver. Mouse embryos lacking the retinoic acid receptor gene RXR alpha have a morphological and histological phenotype that is comparable with embryos in which the Epo gene itself has been mutated, and flow cytometric analysis indicates that RXR alpha-deficient embryos are deficient in erythroid differentiation. Epo mRNA levels are reduced substantially in the fetal livers of RXR alpha(-/-) embryos at E10.25 and E11.25, and genetic analysis shows that the RXR alpha and Epo genes are coupled in the same pathway. We furthermore show that the Epo gene is retinoic acid inducible in embryos, and that the Epo gene enhancer contains a DR2 sequence that represents a retinoic acid receptor-binding site and a retinoic acid receptor transcriptional response element. However, unlike Epo-deficient embryos that die from anemia, the erythropoietic deficiency in RXR alpha(-/-) embryos is transient; Epo mRNA is expressed at normal levels by E12.5, and erythropoiesis and liver morphology are normal by E14.5. We show that HNF4, like RXR alpha a member of the nuclear receptor family, is abundantly expressed in fetal liver hepatocytes, and is competitive with retinoic acid receptors for occupancy of the Epo gene enhancer DR2 element. We propose that Epo expression is regulated during the E9.5--E11.5 phase of fetal liver erythropoiesis by RXR alpha and retinoic acid, and that expression then becomes dominated by HNF4 activity from E11.5 onward. This transition may be responsible for switching regulation of Epo expression from retinoic acid control to hypoxic control, as is found throughout the remainder of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Makita
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute for Genetic Medicine, University of Southern California Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California 90033, USA
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Chang TM, Chan DC, Liu YC, Tsou SS, Chen TH. Long-term results of duodenectomy with highly selective vagotomy in the treatment of complicated duodenal ulcers. Am J Surg 2001; 181:372-6. [PMID: 11438277 DOI: 10.1016/s0002-9610(01)00580-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Highly selective vagotomy and complete circular or partial duodenectomy have been applied to complicated duodenal ulcer for many years. These procedures seem to provide better clinical results than truncal vagotomy and antrectomy. METHODS A retrospective analysis was conducted of 120 patients with complicated duodenal ulcer who underwent surgical treatment between 1986 and 1999. Patients with obstruction were treated with either circular complete (17) or partial duodenectomy (3) combined with highly selective vagotomy or truncal vagotomy and antrectomy (37). Those with perforation were treated primarily with highly selective vagotomy and partial duodenectomy, highly selective vagotomy alone, or truncal vagotomy and pyloroplasty. Every patient was followed up either by a clinic visit (75%) or questionnaire to determine the presence of ulcer pain, dumping, diarrhea, vomiting, weight loss, and Visick grade. RESULTS Long-term follow-up of patients treated with duodenectomy and highly selective vagotomy for obstruction showed that 94% had sustained weight gain whereas more than half of those treated with truncal vagotomy and antrectomy had weight loss. In patients with perforation, duodenectomy and highly selective vagotomy offered no advantage over highly selective vagotomy alone. CONCLUSIONS Highly selective vagotomy and complete circular or partial duodenectomy provide fewer sequelae and better weight gain long term than truncal vagotomy and antrectomy for patients with obstructing duodenal ulcers.
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Affiliation(s)
- T M Chang
- Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, Tri-Service General Hospital and National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, People's Republic of China.
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Liou HH, Chen RC, Chen TH, Tsai YF, Tsai MC. Attenuation of paraquat-induced dopaminergic toxicity on the substantia nigra by (-)-deprenyl in vivo. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2001; 172:37-43. [PMID: 11264021 DOI: 10.1006/taap.2001.9130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
(-)-Deprenyl (DEP) had been shown to slow of progression of Parkinson's disease (PD). The present study sought to determine whether DEP would attenuate the nigrostriatal system damage induced by intranigral administration of the herbicide paraquat (PQ) as a model of parkinsonism in vivo. Neurochemical and behavioral observations of Wistar rats were the focus of our study. In the neurochemical observation, the PQ injected in the rats caused dose-dependent depletion of dopamine (DA) in the ipsilateral striata. The coadministration of DEP with PQ partially increased the striatal DA level. The prediction of the striatal DA levels was calculated by regression coefficients obtained from multiple linear regression (r(2) = 0.82): DA level (% of control) = 103.34 - 9.58 PQ (nmol) + 0.79 DEP (nmol). It was demonstrated that the high dose of 20 nmol DEP could significant attenuate the PQ (5 nmol)-elicited dopaminergic toxicity (p < 0.05). In the behavioral observation, the intranigral injection of PQ into the rats caused a rotation behavior contralateral to the lesioned side in response to apomorphine administration (0.5 mg/kg, sc). This apomorphine-induced rotational behavior could also be attenuated significantly by coadministration of DEP (20 nmol) and PQ (5 nmol) compared with PQ-treated (5 nmol) animals (p < 0.05). The above observations indicate that DEP could provide a protective effect on the moderate injury elicited by PQ toxicity of the nigrostriatal dopaminergic system. DEP might be a useful therapeutic agent in treating patients with early-stage PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- H H Liou
- Departments of Pharmacology and Neurology, College of Medicine National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.
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Hori G, Wang MF, Chan YC, Komatsu T, Wong Y, Chen TH, Yamamoto K, Nagaoka S, Yamamoto S. Soy protein hydrolyzate with bound phospholipids reduces serum cholesterol levels in hypercholesterolemic adult male volunteers. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2001; 65:72-8. [PMID: 11272848 DOI: 10.1271/bbb.65.72] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
This study was done to evaluate the effects of soy protein hydrolyzate with bound phospholipids (c-SPHP), on the serum cholesterol levels in hypercholesterolemic subjects over a three-month period. Subjects were Taiwanese adult male volunteers whose serum total cholesterol levels were above 220 mg/dl. Twenty-one subjects were divided into three groups randomly, and each group was given c-SPHP zero, 3, or 6 g per day. Test diets were orally administered in a powdered drink form that contained c-SPHP or casein hydrolyzate (placebo). The subjects were given the test diet four times daily. The study consisted of a two-week pre-feeding period, a three-month feeding period, followed by a two-week post-feeding period. After 3 months of c-SPHP administration, 3 g per day, serum total cholesterol decreased significantly from the initial level (15.0%, p<0.01) and compared with the placebo group (p<0.05). Furthermore, LDL-cholesterol decreased significantly (27.7%, p<0.01) and the LDL/HDL ratio also decreased significantly (47.4%, p<0.01) from the initial levels. These effects of c-SPHP were dose-dependent. This study suggests that c-SPHP has remarkable improving effects on the serum cholesterol levels in hypercholesterolemic subjects.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Hori
- Health Care Products Department, Kyowa Hakko Kogyo Co., Ltd., Tokyo, Japan.
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Chen TH, Wang MF, Liang YF, Komatsu T, Chan YC, Chung SY, Yamamoto S. A nucleoside-nucleotide mixture may reduce memory deterioration in old senescence-accelerated mice. J Nutr 2000; 130:3085-9. [PMID: 11110874 DOI: 10.1093/jn/130.12.3085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
We investigated the effects of a mixture of dietary nucleosides and nucleotides (NS + NT) on memory in 1- and 7-mo-old senescence-accelerated mice (SAM). Memory retention was studied with passive avoidance (step-through) and active avoidance (shuttle) tests. For 14 wk, mice in the control groups were fed a 20 g of casein/100 g diet, whereas the NS + NT groups were fed this diet supplemented with a 0.5 g of NS + NT mixture/100 g. All mice were killed at wk 14, and we studied the brain histopathology. Lipofuscin, monovacuoles and multiple vacuoles of various brain regions were measured. Body weight, food intake and ambulatory activity did not differ between the control and NS + NT groups. In old mice, the time of passive avoidance was significantly higher in the NS + NT group than in the control group at d 1 and 7 (P: < 0.05). However, such an effect of NS + NT was not observed in young mice. In the active avoidance test, the incidence of successful avoidance in old mice was higher in the NS + NT group than in the control group at d 1 and 2 (P: < 0.05). The percentages of specific brain cells containing lipofuscin were lower in NS + NT groups than in the control groups in both young and old mice (P: < 0.05). The number of monovacuoles and multiple vacuoles in specific brain regions tended to be lower (P: = 0.1-0.25) in NS + NT than in control groups, with significant differences in the microvacuoles of the middle cortex of young mice and in the multiple vacuoles in the hind cortex of old mice (P: < 0. 05). These results suggest that increased dietary NS + NT may be associated with decreases in the age-induced deterioration of brain morphology and certain memory tasks.
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Affiliation(s)
- T H Chen
- Department of Nutrition, School of Medicine, The University of Tokushima. Tokushima 770-8503, Japan
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Abstract
BACKGROUND A Markov method incorporating the relationships between prevalence, incidence, and mortality with respect to type 2 diabetes was used to assess a population-based screening for this disease. METHODS Data from a population-based screening project for residents of Puli, Taiwan, over 30 years of age (n= 1,219) were used to estimate the annual incidence of asymptomatic type 2 diabetes, the prevalence to incidence (P/I) ratio, and the hazard rate of death due to type 2 diabetes. These parameters were employed to develop a Markov process to evaluate the effects of early detection of type 2 diabetes on the risk of death from this disease in a simulated population (n= 10,000) receiving biennial, 5-year interval, or no screening. RESULTS The estimated annual incidence, average duration from asymptomatic to symptomatic type 2 diabetes (P/I ratio), and hazard rate for death from this disease were 0.86% (95% CI 0.50-1.48), 10 years (95% CI 7.69-14.01), and 1.1% per year, respectively. This yields an optimal screening interval of 5 years. Simulation of a 5-year interval screening regimen versus no screen ing yielded a relative risk reduction of 31% (95% CI 12-46%). A similar value was found for a biennial screening regime. CONCLUSIONS The results suggest that early detection of type 2 diabetes via a community-based screening project in developing countries with high prevalence is worthwhile.
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Affiliation(s)
- H J Chang
- Bureau of National Health Insurance, Department of Health, Taiwan, Republic of China
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Few studies of suicide have simultaneously examined the individual and combined effects of psychosocial and psychiatric risk factors. AIMS To do so in a representative sample of suicides. METHOD A case-control psychological autopsy was conducted among 113 consecutive suicides and 226 living controls matched for age, gender, ethnicity and area of residence in Taiwan. RESULTS Five major risk factors (loss event, suicidal behaviour in first-degree relatives, ICD-10 major depressive episode, emotionally unstable personality disorder and substance dependence) were found to have independent effects on suicide from multivariate conditional logistic regression analysis. CONCLUSIONS Effective intervention and management for loss event and major depressive episode among emotionally unstable subjects with a family tendency of suicidal behaviour, frequently also comorbid with alcohol or other substance dependence, may prove to be most effective for suicide prevention in different populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- A T Cheng
- Division of Epidemiology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan.
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Zhang SZ, Dong MM, Teng XJ, Chen TH, Zhang S. [Quantitative assay of telomerase activity in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma]. Lin Chuang Er Bi Yan Hou Ke Za Zhi 2000; 14:393-5. [PMID: 12563906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/28/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To detect and quantify telomerase activity in tissues from head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC), and to explore whether the levels of telomerase activity can be a useful marker for cancer risk assessment in HNSCC. METHOD The levels of telomerase activity of 55 fresh specimens obtained from 25 patients with HNSCC were detected by the method of telomeric repeat scintillation radioactive count, including 25 primary tumors, 7 samples of neck metastases and 23 corresponding normal tissues as control. In 7 patients, both primary and metastatic tumors were obtained. The levels of telomerase activity were determined with a liquid scintillation counter. The basic principle of the technique is that a G-rich oligonucleotide strand of telomeric sequence is used as primer, 3H-dTTPs are incorporated into the products while telomerase elongates the primers, and then free 3H-dTTPs are removed by rinsing step, finally radioactive count per minute (cpm) of products is detected, and the levels telomerase activity can be evaluated according to the value (cpm). RESULT 1. The levels of telomerase activity (cpm) in tissues with HNSCC were significantly higher than those in the normal tissues (P < 0.05); 2. The levels of telomerase activity in the primary tumors were higher than those of their neck metastases, but the difference was not statistical significance (P > 0.05); 3. The levels of telomerase activity in the neck metastases were remarkably higher than those in the normal tissues (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION 1. Detection of telomerase activity in HNSCCs can be a useful marker for cancer assessment. 2. To quantify telomerase activity may have clinical diagnostic value for HNSCC. 3. The levels of telomerase activity in the metastatic lymph nodes were higher.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Z Zhang
- Department of Otolaryngology, Third Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical College, Xinxiang 453003
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