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Tonti E, Lee YM, Gruenke N, Ferren J, Stutzman DL. Impact of Pharmacogenomics on Pediatric Psychotropic Medication Prescribing in an Ambulatory Care Setting. J Child Adolesc Psychopharmacol 2024; 34:52-60. [PMID: 38377527 DOI: 10.1089/cap.2023.0087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/22/2024]
Abstract
Objective: Evidence for pharmacogenomic (PGx) guided treatment in child and adolescent psychiatry is growing. This study evaluated the impact of PGx testing on psychotropic medication prescribing in an ambulatory child and adolescent psychiatry and a developmental pediatrics clinic. Methods: This was a single-center, retrospective, descriptive analysis of patients who underwent PGx testing between January 2015 and October 2022 at a child and adolescent psychiatry clinic or developmental pediatrics clinic. The primary outcome was the proportion of patients with at least one psychotropic medication modification made 6-month posttesting that could be attributed to CYP2C19, CYP2D6, HLA-B*15:02, or HLA-A*31:01. Secondary outcomes included reason for testing, types of therapeutic modifications made, and whether the therapeutic modifications concorded with PGx guidelines. Results: A total of 193 patients were analyzed. The average age was 10 ± 4 years old, 60% were male, 78% were Caucasian. Sixty-eight percent had a primary diagnosis of a neurodevelopmental disorder, namely autism spectrum disorder (51%), and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (14%). The reasons for PGx testing included medication inefficacy (34%), medication intolerance (20%), and family request (19%). At the time of PGx testing, 37% of patients were taking ≥1 psychotropic medication with PGx annotation. Overall, 35 PGx-related therapeutic modifications were made in 32 (17%) patients. These included continuing current PGx medication (6.2%) and starting PGx medication (5.2%). These modifications mainly involved antidepressants. Out of these 35 PGx-related therapeutic modifications, 94% were concordant with PGx guidelines. Among 29 patients who were prescribed at least one CYP2D6 inhibitor, 25 (86%) underwent CYP2D6 phenoconversion. Conclusions: It is critical to apply pediatric age-specific considerations when utilizing PGx testing in child and adolescent psychiatry. PGx testing stewardship could provide a framework to guide the clinical utility of PGx in a pediatric population with mental health conditions, including neurodevelopmental disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erica Tonti
- Department of Pharmacy, Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Yee Ming Lee
- Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Nathan Gruenke
- Department of Pharmacy, Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora, Colorado, USA
- Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Janie Ferren
- Department of Pharmacy, Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora, Colorado, USA
- Pediatric Mental Health Institute, Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Danielle L Stutzman
- Department of Pharmacy, Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora, Colorado, USA
- Pediatric Mental Health Institute, Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora, Colorado, USA
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Science, University of Colorado, Aurora, Colorado, USA
- Child and Adolescent Mental Health Division Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, University of Colorado, Aurora, Colorado, USA
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Aquilante CL, Trinkley KE, Lee YM, Crooks KR, Hearst EC, Heckman SM, Hess KW, Kudron EL, Martin JL, Swartz CT, Kao DP. Implementation of clopidogrel pharmacogenetic clinical decision support for a preemptive return of results program. Am J Health Syst Pharm 2024:zxae008. [PMID: 38253063 DOI: 10.1093/ajhp/zxae008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
DISCLAIMER In an effort to expedite the publication of articles, AJHP is posting manuscripts online as soon as possible after acceptance. Accepted manuscripts have been peer-reviewed and copyedited, but are posted online before technical formatting and author proofing. These manuscripts are not the final version of record and will be replaced with the final article (formatted per AJHP style and proofed by the authors) at a later time. PURPOSE To describe our experiences implementing and iterating CYP2C19 genotype-guided clopidogrel pharmacogenetic clinical decision support (CDS) tools over time in the setting of a large health system-wide, preemptive pharmacogenomics program. SUMMARY Clopidogrel-treated patients who are genetically predicted cytochrome P450 isozyme 2C19 intermediate or poor metabolizers have an increased risk of atherothrombotic events, some of which can be life-threatening. The Clinical Pharmacogenetics Implementation Consortium provides guidance for the use of clopidogrel based on CYP2C19 genotype in patients with cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. Our multidisciplinary team implemented an automated, interruptive alert that fires when clopidogrel is ordered or refilled for biobank participants with structured CYP2C19 intermediate or poor metabolizer genomic indicators in the electronic health record. The implementation began with a narrow cardiovascular indication and setting and was then scaled in 4 primary dimensions: (1) clinical indication; (2) availability across health-system locations; (3) care venue (e.g., inpatient vs outpatient); and (4) provider groups (eg, cardiology and neurology). We iterated our approach over time based on evolving clinical evidence and proactive strategies to optimize CDS maintenance and sustainability. A key facilitator of expansion was socialization of the broader pharmacogenomics initiative among our academic medical center community, accompanied by clinician acceptance of pharmacogenetic alerts in practice. CONCLUSION A multidisciplinary collaboration is recommended to facilitate the use of CYP2C19 genotype-guided antiplatelet therapy in patients with cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. Evolving clopidogrel pharmacogenetic evidence necessitates thoughtful iteration of implementation efforts and strategies to optimize long-term maintenance and sustainability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina L Aquilante
- Colorado Center for Personalized Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, and Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Katy E Trinkley
- Colorado Center for Personalized Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, and Department of Family Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Yee Ming Lee
- Colorado Center for Personalized Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, and Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Kristy R Crooks
- Colorado Center for Personalized Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, and Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Emily C Hearst
- Colorado Center for Personalized Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, and UCHealth, Aurora, CO, USA
| | | | | | - Elizabeth L Kudron
- Colorado Center for Personalized Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, and Department of Biomedical Informatics, School of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - James L Martin
- Colorado Center for Personalized Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, and Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | | | - David P Kao
- Colorado Center for Personalized Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, and Division of Cardiology, School of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
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Wiley LK, Shortt JA, Roberts ER, Lowery J, Kudron E, Lin M, Mayer D, Wilson M, Brunetti TM, Chavan S, Phang TL, Pozdeyev N, Lesny J, Wicks SJ, Moore ET, Morgenstern JL, Roff AN, Shalowitz EL, Stewart A, Williams C, Edelmann MN, Hull M, Patton JT, Axell L, Ku L, Lee YM, Jirikowic J, Tanaka A, Todd E, White S, Peterson B, Hearst E, Zane R, Greene CS, Mathias R, Coors M, Taylor M, Ghosh D, Kahn MG, Brooks IM, Aquilante CL, Kao D, Rafaels N, Crooks KR, Hess S, Barnes KC, Gignoux CR. Building a vertically integrated genomic learning health system: The biobank at the Colorado Center for Personalized Medicine. Am J Hum Genet 2024; 111:11-23. [PMID: 38181729 PMCID: PMC10806731 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajhg.2023.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Revised: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 01/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Precision medicine initiatives across the globe have led to a revolution of repositories linking large-scale genomic data with electronic health records, enabling genomic analyses across the entire phenome. Many of these initiatives focus solely on research insights, leading to limited direct benefit to patients. We describe the biobank at the Colorado Center for Personalized Medicine (CCPM Biobank) that was jointly developed by the University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus and UCHealth to serve as a unique, dual-purpose research and clinical resource accelerating personalized medicine. This living resource currently has more than 200,000 participants with ongoing recruitment. We highlight the clinical, laboratory, regulatory, and HIPAA-compliant informatics infrastructure along with our stakeholder engagement, consent, recontact, and participant engagement strategies. We characterize aspects of genetic and geographic diversity unique to the Rocky Mountain region, the primary catchment area for CCPM Biobank participants. We leverage linked health and demographic information of the CCPM Biobank participant population to demonstrate the utility of the CCPM Biobank to replicate complex trait associations in the first 33,674 genotyped individuals across multiple disease domains. Finally, we describe our current efforts toward return of clinical genetic test results, including high-impact pathogenic variants and pharmacogenetic information, and our broader goals as the CCPM Biobank continues to grow. Bringing clinical and research interests together fosters unique clinical and translational questions that can be addressed from the large EHR-linked CCPM Biobank resource within a HIPAA- and CLIA-certified environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura K Wiley
- Colorado Center for Personalized Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA; Department of Biomedical Informatics, University of Colorado School of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Jonathan A Shortt
- Colorado Center for Personalized Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA; Department of Biomedical Informatics, University of Colorado School of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Emily R Roberts
- Colorado Center for Personalized Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Jan Lowery
- Colorado Center for Personalized Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA; University of Colorado Cancer Center, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA; Department of Community and Behavioral Health, Colorado School of Public Health, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Elizabeth Kudron
- Colorado Center for Personalized Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA; Department of Biomedical Informatics, University of Colorado School of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA; Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Meng Lin
- Colorado Center for Personalized Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA; Department of Biomedical Informatics, University of Colorado School of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - David Mayer
- Colorado Center for Personalized Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA; Department of Biomedical Informatics, University of Colorado School of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Melissa Wilson
- Colorado Center for Personalized Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA; Department of Biomedical Informatics, University of Colorado School of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Tonya M Brunetti
- Colorado Center for Personalized Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Sameer Chavan
- Colorado Center for Personalized Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Tzu L Phang
- Colorado Center for Personalized Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Nikita Pozdeyev
- Colorado Center for Personalized Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA; Department of Biomedical Informatics, University of Colorado School of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA; Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Joseph Lesny
- Colorado Center for Personalized Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Stephen J Wicks
- Colorado Center for Personalized Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Ethan T Moore
- Colorado Center for Personalized Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Joshua L Morgenstern
- Colorado Center for Personalized Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Alanna N Roff
- Colorado Center for Personalized Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Elise L Shalowitz
- Colorado Center for Personalized Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Adrian Stewart
- Colorado Center for Personalized Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Cole Williams
- Colorado Center for Personalized Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Michelle N Edelmann
- Colorado Center for Personalized Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Madelyne Hull
- Colorado Center for Personalized Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - J Tacker Patton
- Colorado Center for Personalized Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Lisen Axell
- CU Cancer Center, Hereditary Cancer Clinic, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Lisa Ku
- CU Cancer Center, Hereditary Cancer Clinic, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Yee Ming Lee
- Colorado Center for Personalized Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA; Department of Clinical Pharmacy, University of Colorado Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | | | | | - Emily Todd
- Colorado Center for Personalized Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA; UCHealth, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | | | - Brett Peterson
- Colorado Center for Personalized Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | | | - Richard Zane
- UCHealth, Aurora, CO 80045, USA; University of Colorado School of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Casey S Greene
- Colorado Center for Personalized Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA; Department of Biomedical Informatics, University of Colorado School of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Rasika Mathias
- Colorado Center for Personalized Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Marilyn Coors
- Colorado Center for Personalized Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Matthew Taylor
- Colorado Center for Personalized Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA; Division of Cardiology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Debashis Ghosh
- Department of Biostatistics and Informatics, Colorado School of Public Health, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Michael G Kahn
- Colorado Center for Personalized Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Ian M Brooks
- Colorado Center for Personalized Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA; Department of Biomedical Informatics, University of Colorado School of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Christina L Aquilante
- Colorado Center for Personalized Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA; Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - David Kao
- Colorado Center for Personalized Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA; Division of Cardiology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA; CARE Innovation Center, UCHealth, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Nicholas Rafaels
- Colorado Center for Personalized Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Kristy R Crooks
- Colorado Center for Personalized Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA; Department of Pathology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | | | - Kathleen C Barnes
- Colorado Center for Personalized Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA.
| | - Christopher R Gignoux
- Colorado Center for Personalized Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA; Department of Biomedical Informatics, University of Colorado School of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA.
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4
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Kudron EL, Raghavan S, Lee YM, Lowery JT. Primary care providers' preferences for the communication and management of actionable genomic findings from a research biobank. Genet Med Open 2023; 1:100830. [PMID: 38287920 PMCID: PMC10824104 DOI: 10.1016/j.gimo.2023.100830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2024]
Abstract
Purpose Little is known about non-genetics health care specialists' attitudes toward the return and utilization of actionable genomic results from a research biobank. We surveyed primary care providers (PCPs) to explore their perspectives on these results and their preferences for return. Methods We administered a paper and web-based 27-question survey to PCPs residing locally and caring for adult patients. Recruitment was conducted in person and by email, focusing on PCPs likely to interact with results generated by our institution's biobank. Results Of the ~482 PCPs contacted, 77 (16%) returned surveys. Although most respondents (90%) prefer that a genetics specialist be involved in communicating biobank-generated genomic results to patients, about 40% of respondents reported that a PCP shares the responsibility to discuss these results along with other specialists. A majority of respondents (74%) felt uncomfortable communicating these results to patients. However, respondents reported significantly greater comfort with this process when offered targeted educational resources (62% with vs 10% without resources; P < 10-5). Conclusion PCPs recognize the need to engage with their patients' biobank-generated genomic results but feel uncomfortable in doing so. Relevant resources are needed to improve PCPs' confidence in the use of these types of results to affect patient care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth L. Kudron
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO
- Colorado Center for Personalized Medicine, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO
- Section of General Pediatrics, Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO
| | - Sridharan Raghavan
- Colorado Center for Personalized Medicine, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO
- VA Eastern Colorado Health Care System, Aurora, CO
- Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO
| | - Yee Ming Lee
- Colorado Center for Personalized Medicine, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, University of Colorado Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Aurora, CO
| | - Jan T. Lowery
- Colorado Center for Personalized Medicine, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO
- School of Public Health and Cancer Center, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO
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Chattaraman V, Lee YM, Robinson EM, Book AJ, Al-Amin F. The Effects of Social Distance and Front-of-Package Claims on Healthy Food Selection: Moderating Role of Perceived Importance of Eating Healthily. Nutrients 2023; 15:3427. [PMID: 37571366 PMCID: PMC10420879 DOI: 10.3390/nu15153427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/30/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Applying construal level theory, this study examined how social distance (thinking of self/children), front-of-package (FOP) claim type (nutrient/health/control), and perceived importance of eating healthily (low/high) impact consumer responses (attitudes/purchase intent) to healthier food products through an online experiment with 171 U.S. parents from low-to-mid socio-economic households. Participants were randomly assigned to view controlled images of healthier foods with packaging that bore different claim types for real and fictitious brands. Results revealed that when choosing for themselves, consumer attitudes were more positive when the healthier food package carried a nutrient (vs. health) claim, however, control claims received the most positive evaluations. When choosing for children, attitudes were more positive when the package carried a health (vs. nutrient/control) claim. Attitudes toward healthier foods were higher for consumers with high (vs. low) perceived importance of eating healthily when the package bore a nutrient claim, however, their attitudes did not significantly differ when the package bore a health/control claim. Purchase intent for healthier foods was higher for consumers with high (vs. low) perceived importance of healthy eating when shopping for self; whereas, when shopping for children, purchase intent did not significantly differ between consumers who varied in perceived importance of eating healthily.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veena Chattaraman
- Department of Consumer and Design Sciences, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA; (A.J.B.); (F.A.-A.)
| | - Yee Ming Lee
- Horst Schulze School of Hospitality, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA;
| | - Ebony Marchelle Robinson
- Department of Human Development and Consumer Sciences, University of Houston, Houston, TX 77204, USA;
| | - Adam J. Book
- Department of Consumer and Design Sciences, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA; (A.J.B.); (F.A.-A.)
| | - Fnu Al-Amin
- Department of Consumer and Design Sciences, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA; (A.J.B.); (F.A.-A.)
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Lee YM, Berenbrok LA, Gálvez-Peralta M, Iwuchukwu O, Kisor DF, Petry NJ, Gammal RS. Advancing Pharmacogenomics-Based Care Through Interprofessional Education. Am J Pharm Educ 2023; 87:100007. [PMID: 37288681 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpe.2022.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2021] [Revised: 09/16/2022] [Accepted: 10/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
As genomic medicine becomes increasingly complex, pharmacists need to work collaboratively with other healthcare professionals to provide genomics-based care. The core pharmacist competencies in genomics were recently updated and mapped to the entrustable professional activities (EPAs). The new competency that is mapped to the "Interprofessional Team Member" EPA domain emphasizes the role of pharmacists as the pharmacogenomics experts in an interprofessional healthcare team. Interprofessional education (IPE) activities involving student pharmacists and students from other healthcare disciplines are crucial to prepare student pharmacists for a team-based approach to patient-centered care. This commentary discusses the pharmacogenomics-focused IPE activities implemented by 3 programs, the challenges faced, and the lessons learned. It also discusses strategies to develop pharmacogenomics-focused IPE activities based on existing resources. Developing pharmacogenomics-focused IPE activities will help prepare pharmacy graduates with the knowledge, skills, and attitudes to lead collaborative, interprofessional teams in the provision of pharmacogenomics-based care, consistent with the standards described in the genomics competencies for pharmacists.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yee Ming Lee
- University of Colorado Skaggs, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Aurora, CO, USA.
| | | | | | - Otito Iwuchukwu
- Farleigh Dickinson University, School of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Florham Park, NJ, USA
| | | | - Natasha J Petry
- North Dakota State University, School of Pharmacy, Fargo, ND, USA
| | - Roseann S Gammal
- Massachusetts College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Boston, MA, USA
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Lee CR, Luzum JA, Sangkuhl K, Gammal RS, Sabatine MS, Stein CM, Kisor DF, Limdi NA, Lee YM, Scott SA, Hulot JS, Roden DM, Gaedigk A, Caudle KE, Klein TE, Johnson JA, Shuldiner AR. Clinical Pharmacogenetics Implementation Consortium Guideline for CYP2C19 Genotype and Clopidogrel Therapy: 2022 Update. Clin Pharmacol Ther 2022; 112:959-967. [PMID: 35034351 PMCID: PMC9287492 DOI: 10.1002/cpt.2526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 130] [Impact Index Per Article: 65.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2021] [Accepted: 12/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
CYP2C19 catalyzes the bioactivation of the antiplatelet prodrug clopidogrel, and CYP2C19 genotype impacts clopidogrel active metabolite formation. CYP2C19 intermediate and poor metabolizers who receive clopidogrel experience reduced platelet inhibition and increased risk for major adverse cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events. This guideline is an update to the 2013 Clinical Pharmacogenetics Implementation Consortium (CPIC) guideline for the use of clopidogrel based on CYP2C19 genotype and includes expanded indications for CYP2C19 genotype-guided antiplatelet therapy, increased strength of recommendation for CYP2C19 intermediate metabolizers, updated CYP2C19 genotype to phenotype translation, and evidence from an expanded literature review (updates at www.cpicpgx.org).
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Affiliation(s)
- Craig R. Lee
- Division of Pharmacotherapy and Experimental Therapeutics, University of North Carolina Eshelman School of Pharmacy, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Jasmine A. Luzum
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, University of Michigan College of Pharmacy, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Katrin Sangkuhl
- Department of Biomedical Data Science, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Roseann S. Gammal
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Massachusetts College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Marc S. Sabatine
- Thrombolysis in Myocardial Infarction Study Group, Cardiovascular Division, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - C. Michael Stein
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Departments of Medicine and Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - David F. Kisor
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manchester University, Fort Wayne, IN, USA
| | - Nita A Limdi
- Department of Neurology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Yee Ming Lee
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, University of Colorado Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Stuart A. Scott
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA; Clinical Genomics Laboratory, Stanford Health Care, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - Jean-Sébastien Hulot
- Université de Paris, CIC1418 and DMU CARTE, AP-HP, Hôpital Européen Georges-Pompidou, F-75015, Paris, France
| | - Dan M. Roden
- Departments of Medicine and Pharmacology, Office of Personalized Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Andrea Gaedigk
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Toxicology & Therapeutic Innovation, Children’s Mercy Kansas City and University of Missouri Kansas City School of Medicine, Kansas City, MO, USA
| | - Kelly E. Caudle
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Teri E. Klein
- Department of Biomedical Data Science, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Julie A. Johnson
- Department of Pharmacotherapy and Translational Research, and Center for Pharmacogenomics and Precision Medicine, College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Alan R. Shuldiner
- Department of Medicine, and Program for Genomic and Personalized Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
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Lee HK, Yang YS, Kim SK, Vongxay V, Lee YM. Early adolescents’ sexual and reproductive health literacy in Lao PDR. Eur J Public Health 2022. [DOI: 10.1093/eurpub/ckac130.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Sexual and reproductive health literacy (SRHL) refers to the ability to access, understand, appraise, and apply information for decision-making related to sexual and reproductive health. The low level of SRHL in adolescents increases their sexually risky behaviors and endangers sexual health. Although early adolescence is a critical development period for forming initial views on sexuality and is often a time for attempting risky behaviors, studies on SRHL for early adolescents are fairly limited in Las PDR. As an initial step for the development of a global health project between Lao PDR and South Korea, this study assessed the level of SRHL and the differences in gender among early adolescents in Lao PDR.
Methods
Participants were 235 students conveniently recruited from one junior high school each in two provinces in Lao PDR. SRHL was measured using the 39-item Teen Pregnancy Health Literacy scale consisting of 4 subscales of finding, understanding, appraisal, and application. The scores were classified into inadequate, problematic, sufficient, and excellent using the SRHL index formula. The mean differences in gender were compared using t-test.
Results
The mean of the SRHL scores of the participants was 19.07 (±10.57). The mean score was significantly lower for girls, at 17.67 (±11.22) than for boys, at 21.37 (±9.05) (p = .006). Significant differences were further identified in all four sub-domains of SRHL: finding (p = .025), understanding (p = .005), appraisal (p = .041), and application (p = .029). The majority of participants (91.7%) were categorized as having an ‘inadequate’ or ‘problematic’ level of SRHL.
Conclusions
The level of SRHL among most early adolescents was found to be inadequate. The level of SRHL among girls was much lower than that among boys. The findings suggest a gender-specific approach to developing health education programs to improve SRHL among early adolescents and prevent future sexually risky behaviors in Lao PDR.
Key messages
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Affiliation(s)
- HK Lee
- Nursing, Yonsei University, Seoul , South Korea
| | - YS Yang
- Regional Office, Korea International Cooperation Agency , Vientiane, Laos
| | - SK Kim
- Nursing, Soonchunhyang, Cheonan , South Korea
| | - V Vongxay
- Public Health, University of Health Sciences , Vientiane, Laos
| | - YM Lee
- Nursing, DePaul University , Chicago, USA
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9
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Martin JL, Lee YM, Corbin LW, Colson R, Aquilante CL. Patients' perspectives of a pharmacist-provided clinical pharmacogenomics service. Pharmacogenomics 2022; 23:463-474. [PMID: 35469451 DOI: 10.2217/pgs-2022-0013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: To assess the perspectives and experiences of patients who participated in a pharmacist-provided clinical pharmacogenomics (PGx) service. Methods: We conducted individual semistructured interviews with 16 patients who received a pharmacist-provided PGx service. Qualitative data were analyzed to identify pertinent themes. Results: The major themes identified were: heterogeneity of patient PGx experiences and preferences, pharmacists as appropriate providers of PGx services, considerations regarding the use of PGx results in routine healthcare, and perceived applications of PGx testing. Theme-derived considerations included the need to establish appropriate pre-genotyping expectations, individualize patient education, facilitate collaboration with patients' providers and sustainably update patients' PGx information over time. Conclusion: Patient-specific perspectives such as these are important to consider when providing clinical PGx services, with intention of optimizing patient experiences.
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Affiliation(s)
- James L Martin
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado, Skaggs School of Pharmacy & Pharmaceutical Sciences, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Yee Ming Lee
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, University of Colorado, Skaggs School of Pharmacy & Pharmaceutical Sciences, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Lisa W Corbin
- Division of General Internal Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Ronald Colson
- Division of General Internal Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Christina L Aquilante
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado, Skaggs School of Pharmacy & Pharmaceutical Sciences, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
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10
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Gammal RS, Lee YM, Petry NJ, Iwuchukwu O, Hoffman JM, Kisor DF, Empey PE. Pharmacists Leading the Way to Precision Medicine: Updates to the Core Pharmacist Competencies in Genomics. Am J Pharm Educ 2022; 86:8634. [PMID: 34301570 PMCID: PMC10159420 DOI: 10.5688/ajpe8634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2021] [Accepted: 06/23/2021] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Genomics is becoming an increasingly important part of health care, and pharmacists are well-positioned to be practice-based leaders in pharmacogenomics and precision medicine. Competencies available through the Genetics/Genomics Competency Center provide a framework for pharmacogenomics instruction in both pharmacy school curricula and continuing education programs. Given the significant advancements in pharmacogenomics over the past decade, the 2019-2020 American Association of Colleges of Pharmacy Pharmacogenomics Special Interest Group updated the pharmacist competencies. The process used a systematic approach which included mapping pharmacogenomics-specific competencies to the entrustable professional activities for pharmacists and seeking consensus from key stakeholders. The result is an expansion to 30 competencies that reflect the contemporary roles pharmacists play in the application of pharmacogenomics in clinical practice. When implemented into curricula, these competencies will ensure that learners are "practice ready" to integrate pharmacogenomics into patient care. Additional postgraduate training is needed for advanced roles in pharmacogenomics implementation, education, and research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roseann S Gammal
- American Association of Colleges of Pharmacy Pharmacogenomics Special Interest Group, Arlington, Virginia
- Massachusetts College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Yee Ming Lee
- American Association of Colleges of Pharmacy Pharmacogenomics Special Interest Group, Arlington, Virginia
- University of Colorado, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Natasha J Petry
- American Association of Colleges of Pharmacy Pharmacogenomics Special Interest Group, Arlington, Virginia
- North Dakota State University, School of Pharmacy, Fargo, North Dakota
| | - Otito Iwuchukwu
- American Association of Colleges of Pharmacy Pharmacogenomics Special Interest Group, Arlington, Virginia
- Farleigh Dickinson University, School of Pharmacy, Florham Park, New Jersey
| | - James M Hoffman
- American Association of Colleges of Pharmacy Pharmacogenomics Special Interest Group, Arlington, Virginia
- St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee
| | - David F Kisor
- American Association of Colleges of Pharmacy Pharmacogenomics Special Interest Group, Arlington, Virginia
- Manchester University, Fort Wayne, Indiana
| | - Philip E Empey
- American Association of Colleges of Pharmacy Pharmacogenomics Special Interest Group, Arlington, Virginia
- University of Pittsburgh School of Pharmacy, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
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11
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Wei C, Chen H, Lee YM. COVID-19 preventive measures and restaurant customers’ intention to dine out: the role of brand trust and perceived risk. Serv Bus 2022; 16:581-600. [PMCID: PMC8503722 DOI: 10.1007/s11628-021-00462-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2020] [Accepted: 10/04/2021] [Indexed: 08/05/2023]
Abstract
This study examined the roles of perceived preventive measures and brand trust on the intention to dine out at restaurants during the reopening period in the United States. A total of 587 participants, recruited through a market research company completed the data. Multiple regression was used for data analysis. The results indicated that perceived importance of preventive measures enhanced customers’ intention to dine out via brand trust. Perceived risk moderated the relationship between perceived importance of preventive measures and brand trust. The study provided significant implications for restaurant operation during the reopening period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunhao Wei
- Department of Nutrition, Dietetics, and Hospitality Management, College of Human Sciences, Auburn University, 328 Spidle Hall, Auburn, AL 36849-5605 USA
| | - Han Chen
- Lester E. Kabacoff School of Hotel, Restaurant and Tourism Administration, University of New Orleans, Kirschman Hall, Room 462C, 2000 Lakeshore Drive, New Orleans, LA 70148 USA
| | - Yee Ming Lee
- Department of Nutrition, Dietetics, and Hospitality Management, College of Human Sciences, Auburn University, 328 Spidle Hall, Auburn, AL 36849-5605 USA
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12
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Wei CV, Chen H, Lee YM. Factors influencing customers' dine out intention during COVID-19 reopening period: The moderating role of country-of-origin effect. Int J Hosp Manag 2021; 95:102894. [PMID: 36540680 PMCID: PMC9756831 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijhm.2021.102894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2020] [Revised: 01/13/2021] [Accepted: 02/17/2021] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
COVID-19 pandemic negatively affected the restaurant industry and reopening provides restaurants an opportunity to survive this crisis. This study examined the interplay of perceived importance of preventive measures, dining involvement, brand trust, and customers' intention to dine out at American Chinese restaurants during the reopening period. Additionally, the study investigated the moderating role of country-of-origin (COO) effect on these relationships. 296 U.S. restaurant customers recruited via a market research company completed the online survey. Structural equation modeling was used for data analyses. The results indicated that dining involvement had a direct positive effect on customers' intention to dine out. Moreover, both perceived importance of preventive measures and dining involvement could enhance customers' intention to dine out indirectly via brand trust. Positive COO effect moderated the relationship between perceived importance of preventive measures and brand trust. The study provided significant implications for restaurant operators in the U.S during the reopening period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunhao Victor Wei
- Dept. of Nutrition, Dietetics, & Hospitality Management, College of Human Sciences, Auburn University, 328 Spidle Hall, Auburn, AL 36849-5605, United States
| | - Han Chen
- The Lester E. Kabacoff School of Hotel, Restaurant and Tourism Administration, University of New Orleans, Kirschman Hall, Room 462C, 2000 Lakeshore Drive, New Orleans, LA 70148, United States
| | - Yee Ming Lee
- Dept. of Nutrition, Dietetics, & Hospitality Management, College of Human Sciences, Auburn University, 328 Spidle Hall, Auburn, AL 36849-5605, United States
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13
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Liko I, Corbin L, Tobin E, Aquilante CL, Lee YM. Implementation of a pharmacist-provided pharmacogenomics service in an executive health program. Am J Health Syst Pharm 2021; 78:1094-1103. [PMID: 33772264 DOI: 10.1093/ajhp/zxab137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE We describe the implementation of a pharmacist-provided pharmacogenomics (PGx) service in an executive health program (EHP) at an academic medical center. SUMMARY As interest in genomic testing grows, pharmacists have the opportunity to advance the use of PGx in EHPs, in collaboration with other healthcare professionals. In November 2018, a pharmacist-provided PGx service was established in the EHP at the University of Colorado Hospital. The team members included 3 physicians, a pharmacist trained in PGx, a registered dietitian/exercise physiologist, a nurse, and 2 medical assistants. We conducted 4 preimplementation steps: (1) assessment of the patient population, (2) selection of a PGx test, (3) establishment of a visit structure, and (4) selection of a billing model. The PGx consultations involved two 1-hour visits. The first visit encompassed pretest PGx education, review of the patient's current medications and previous medication intolerances, and DNA sample collection for genotyping. After this visit, the pharmacist developed a therapeutic plan based on the PGx test results, discussed the results and plan with the physician, and created a personalized PGx report. At the second visit, the pharmacist reviewed the PGx test results, personalized the PGx report, and discussed the PGx-guided therapeutic plan with the patient. Overall, the strategy worked well; minor challenges included evaluation of gene-drug pairs with limited PGx evidence, communication of information to non-EHP providers, scheduling issues, and reimbursement. CONCLUSION The addition of a PGx service within an EHP was feasible and provided pharmacists the opportunity to lead PGx efforts and collaborate with physicians to expand the precision medicine footprint at an academic medical center.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ina Liko
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Aurora, CO,USA
| | - Lisa Corbin
- Division of General Internal Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO,USA
| | - Eric Tobin
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Aurora, CO,USA
| | - Christina L Aquilante
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Aurora, CO,USA
| | - Yee Ming Lee
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, University of Colorado Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Aurora, CO,USA
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14
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Liko I, Lee YM, Stutzman DL, Blackmer AB, Deininger KM, Reynolds AM, Aquilante CL. Providers' perspectives on the clinical utility of pharmacogenomic testing in pediatric patients. Pharmacogenomics 2021; 22:263-274. [PMID: 33657875 DOI: 10.2217/pgs-2020-0112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Aim: To assess providers' knowledge, attitudes, perceptions, and experiences related to pharmacogenomic (PGx) testing in pediatric patients. Materials & methods: An electronic survey was sent to multidisciplinary healthcare providers at a pediatric hospital. Results: Of 261 respondents, 71.3% were slightly or not at all familiar with PGx, despite 50.2% reporting prior PGx education or training. Most providers, apart from psychiatry, perceived PGx to be at least moderately useful to inform clinical decisions. However, only 26.4% of providers had recent PGx testing experience. Unfamiliarity with PGx and uncertainty about the clinical value of testing were common perceived challenges. Conclusion: Low PGx familiarity among pediatric providers suggests additional education and electronic resources are needed for PGx examples in which data support testing in children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ina Liko
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado Skaggs School of Pharmacy & Pharmaceutical Sciences, Aurora, CO 80045, USA.,Department of Clinical Pharmacy, University of Colorado Skaggs School of Pharmacy & Pharmaceutical Sciences, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Yee Ming Lee
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, University of Colorado Skaggs School of Pharmacy & Pharmaceutical Sciences, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Danielle L Stutzman
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, University of Colorado Skaggs School of Pharmacy & Pharmaceutical Sciences, Aurora, CO 80045, USA.,Department of Pharmacy, Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora, CO 80045, USA.,Pediatric Mental Health Institute, Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Allison B Blackmer
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, University of Colorado Skaggs School of Pharmacy & Pharmaceutical Sciences, Aurora, CO 80045, USA.,Department of Pharmacy, Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora, CO 80045, USA.,Special Care Clinic, Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Kimberly M Deininger
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado Skaggs School of Pharmacy & Pharmaceutical Sciences, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Ann M Reynolds
- Special Care Clinic, Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora, CO 80045, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado School of Medicine & Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Christina L Aquilante
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado Skaggs School of Pharmacy & Pharmaceutical Sciences, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
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15
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Chen YF, Li D, Lee YM, Lee CC, Huang HY, Tsou CH, Liang HC. Highly efficient solid-state Raman yellow-orange lasers created by enhancing the cavity reflectivity. Opt Lett 2021; 46:797-800. [PMID: 33577517 DOI: 10.1364/ol.415437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2020] [Accepted: 01/08/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
A new, to the best of our knowledge, output coupler (OC) with enhancement of the cavity reflectivity is proposed to remarkably elevate the output powers and efficiencies of diode-pumped Nd:GdVO4/KGW Raman yellow-orange lasers. The cavity reflectivity is effectively increased by using the double-sided dichroic coating on the OC. In comparison with the conventional single-sided coating, the conversion efficiency can be boosted from 15% to 26.3% in the experiment of a yellow laser at 578.8 nm, and the maximum output power can be increased from 5.7 to 10.5 W in the quasi-continuous-wave mode with 50% duty cycle and frequency of 500 Hz. Furthermore, in the operation of an orange laser at 588 nm, the maximum output power can be improved from 5.6 to 7.0 W by replacing the conventional OC with the new one.
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16
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Gammal RS, Nguyen J, Audi E, Lee YM, Petry N, Empey PE. Advanced Pharmacy Practice Experiences in Pharmacogenomics Offered by US Pharmacy Programs. Am J Pharm Educ 2020; 84:ajpe8031. [PMID: 34283786 PMCID: PMC7779881 DOI: 10.5688/ajpe8031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2020] [Accepted: 08/19/2020] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Objective. To characterize advanced pharmacy practice experiences (APPEs) with a primary focus in pharmacogenomics at schools and colleges of pharmacy in the United States.Methods. This was a cross-sectional, multicenter, observational study of pharmacogenomics APPEs at US pharmacy schools. Directors of experiential education at 146 accredited schools of pharmacy were contacted by phone and asked if their school offered a pharmacogenomics APPE. The preceptors of pharmacogenomics APPEs identified by this phone screen were sent an email with a link to an online survey that asked about their APPE offerings.Results. Of the 142 schools of pharmacy that were successfully reached via phone, 40 (28%) offered an APPE with a primary focus in pharmacogenomics. Thirty unique APPEs with pharmacogenomics as a primary focus were identified. The total number of preceptors involved in the pharmacogenomics APPEs was 33: 19 (58%) faculty preceptors and 14 (42%) non-faculty preceptors. Twenty-three of the 30 pharmacogenomics APPEs completed the survey (77% response rate). The APPE sites were diverse and included academic medical centers, community health systems, pharmacogenomic testing laboratories, and schools of pharmacy. Each pharmacogenomics APPE accommodated an average of six students per year. The APPE activities varied across sites.Conclusion. Only a small number of US pharmacy schools offer an APPE with a primary focus in pharmacogenomics. These rotations are diverse in scope and precepted by faculty or non-faculty pharmacists. The Academy should pursue opportunities to increase experiential education in pharmacogenomics.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jenny Nguyen
- MCPHS University, School of Pharmacy, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Elaina Audi
- MCPHS University, School of Pharmacy, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Yee Ming Lee
- University of Colorado, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Natasha Petry
- North Dakota State University, School of Pharmacy, Fargo, North Dakota
| | - Philip E Empey
- University of Pittsburgh, School of Pharmacy, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
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17
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Deininger KM, Tsunoda SM, Hirsch JD, Anderson H, Lee YM, McIlvennan CK, Page RL, Tran JN, Aquilante CL. National survey of physicians' perspectives on pharmacogenetic testing in solid organ transplantation. Clin Transplant 2020; 34:e14037. [PMID: 32654213 DOI: 10.1111/ctr.14037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2020] [Revised: 07/02/2020] [Accepted: 07/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Our objective was to evaluate physicians' perspectives on the clinical utility of pharmacogenetic (PGx) testing in kidney, liver, heart, and lung transplantation (KLHL-Tx). METHODS A 36-question web-based survey was developed and administered to medical and surgical directors of US KLHL-Tx centers. RESULTS There were 82 respondents (10% response rate). The majority were men (78%), non-Hispanic whites (70%), medical directors (72%), and kidney transplant physicians (35%). Although 78% of respondents reported having some PGx education, most reported lack of confidence in their PGx knowledge and ability to apply a PGx test. Participants reported mixed views about the clinical utility of PGx testing-most agreed with the efficacy of PGx testing, but not the benefits relative to the risks or standard of care. While 55% reported that testing was available at their institution, only 38% ordered a PGx test in the past year, most commonly thiopurine-S-methyltransferase. Physician-reported barriers to PGx implementation included uncertainty about the clinical value of PGx testing and patient financial burden. CONCLUSION Together, our findings suggest prospective PGx research and pilot implementation programs are needed to elucidate the clinical utility and value of PGx in KLHL-Tx. These initiatives should include educational efforts to inform the use of PGx testing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kimberly M Deininger
- University of Colorado Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Shirley M Tsunoda
- University of California San Diego Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Jan D Hirsch
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Heather Anderson
- University of Colorado Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Yee Ming Lee
- University of Colorado Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Colleen K McIlvennan
- Adult and Child Consortium for Health Outcomes Research and Delivery Science, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA.,Division of Cardiology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Robert L Page
- University of Colorado Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Jacinda N Tran
- University of California San Diego Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Christina L Aquilante
- University of Colorado Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Aurora, CO, USA
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18
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Liko I, Lai E, Griffin RJ, Aquilante CL, Lee YM. Patients’ Perspectives on Psychiatric Pharmacogenetic
Testing. Pharmacopsychiatry 2020; 53:256-261. [DOI: 10.1055/a-1183-5029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Introduction There is growing interest to adopt pharmacogenetic (PGx)
testing in psychiatric medicine, despite mixed views regarding its clinical
utility. Nevertheless, providers are utilizing PGx testing among patients
with mental health disorders. This study sought to assess genotyped
patients’ perspectives and experiences with psychiatric PGx
testing.
Methods Individual semi-structured interviews were conducted among
patients with depression who had undergone psychiatric PGx testing. The
audio-recorded interviews were transcribed and analyzed inductively and
deductively for salient themes.
Results Twenty patients (100% Caucasian, 60% female,
mean age 39±18 years) were interviewed. The majority of the PGx
tests were provider-initiated for patients who failed multiple
pharmacotherapies (50%) and/or had medication intolerances
(45%). Patients’ pre-testing expectations ranged from
hopefulness to indifference to skepticism. Their post-testing experiences
varied from optimism to disappointment, with the perceived value of the test
influenced by the results and cost of the test.
Discussion Genotyped patients had mixed perspectives, expectations,
and experiences with psychiatric PGx testing. Their perceived value of the
test was influenced by the test outcomes and its cost.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ina Liko
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado, Skaggs
School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Aurora, Colorado,
USA
| | - Erika Lai
- University of Colorado, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical
Sciences, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Rachel J. Griffin
- University of Colorado Johnson Depression Center, Aurora, Colorado,
USA
| | - Christina L. Aquilante
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado, Skaggs
School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Aurora, Colorado,
USA
| | - Yee Ming Lee
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, University of Colorado, Skaggs School
of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Aurora, Colorado, USA
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19
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Aquilante CL, Kao DP, Trinkley KE, Lin CT, Crooks KR, Hearst EC, Hess SJ, Kudron EL, Lee YM, Liko I, Lowery J, Mathias RA, Monte AA, Rafaels N, Rioth MJ, Roberts ER, Taylor MR, Williamson C, Barnes KC. Clinical implementation of pharmacogenomics via a health system-wide research biobank: the University of Colorado experience. Pharmacogenomics 2020; 21:375-386. [PMID: 32077359 PMCID: PMC7226704 DOI: 10.2217/pgs-2020-0007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent years, the genomics community has witnessed the growth of large research biobanks, which collect DNA samples for research purposes. Depending on how and where the samples are genotyped, biobanks also offer the potential opportunity to return actionable genomic results to the clinical setting. We developed a preemptive clinical pharmacogenomic implementation initiative via a health system-wide research biobank at the University of Colorado. Here, we describe how preemptive return of clinical pharmacogenomic results via a research biobank is feasible, particularly when coupled with strong institutional support to maximize the impact and efficiency of biobank resources, a multidisciplinary implementation team, automated clinical decision support tools, and proactive strategies to engage stakeholders early in the clinical decision support tool development process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina L Aquilante
- Colorado Center for Personalized Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO 80045, USA.,Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado Skaggs School of Pharmacy & Pharmaceutical Sciences, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - David P Kao
- Colorado Center for Personalized Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Katy E Trinkley
- Colorado Center for Personalized Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO 80045, USA.,Department of Clinical Pharmacy, University of Colorado Skaggs School of Pharmacy & Pharmaceutical Sciences, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Chen-Tan Lin
- Colorado Center for Personalized Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO 80045, USA.,University of Colorado Health, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Kristy R Crooks
- Colorado Center for Personalized Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | | | - Steven J Hess
- University of Colorado Health, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Elizabeth L Kudron
- Colorado Center for Personalized Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Yee Ming Lee
- Colorado Center for Personalized Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO 80045, USA.,Department of Clinical Pharmacy, University of Colorado Skaggs School of Pharmacy & Pharmaceutical Sciences, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Ina Liko
- Colorado Center for Personalized Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO 80045, USA.,Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado Skaggs School of Pharmacy & Pharmaceutical Sciences, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Jan Lowery
- Colorado Center for Personalized Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Rasika A Mathias
- Colorado Center for Personalized Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Andrew A Monte
- Colorado Center for Personalized Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Nicholas Rafaels
- Colorado Center for Personalized Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Matthew J Rioth
- Colorado Center for Personalized Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Emily R Roberts
- Colorado Center for Personalized Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Matthew Rg Taylor
- Colorado Center for Personalized Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | | | - Kathleen C Barnes
- Colorado Center for Personalized Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
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Kwon J, Lee YM, Wen H. Knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors about dining out with food allergies: A cross-sectional survey of restaurant customers in the United States. Food Control 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2019.106776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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21
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Deininger KM, Tran JN, Tsunoda SM, Young GK, Lee YM, Anderson HD, Page II RL, Hirsch JD, Aquilante CL. Stakeholder perspectives of the clinical utility of pharmacogenomic testing in solid organ transplantation. Pharmacogenomics 2019; 20:1291-1302. [DOI: 10.2217/pgs-2019-0129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Aims: To assess stakeholder perspectives regarding the clinical utility of pharmacogenomic (PGx) testing following kidney, liver, and heart transplantation. Methods: We conducted individual semi-structured interviews and focus groups with kidney, liver, and heart transplantation patients and providers. We analyzed the qualitative data to identify salient themes. Results: The study enrolled 36 patients and 24 providers. Patients lacked an understanding about PGx, but expressed interest in PGx testing. Providers expressed willingness to use PGx testing, but reported barriers to implementation, such as lack of knowledge, lack of evidence demonstrating clinical utility, and patient healthcare burden. Conclusion: Patient and provider educational efforts, including foundational knowledge, clinical evidence, and applications to patient care beyond just immunosuppression, may be useful to facilitate the use of PGx testing in transplant medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kimberly M Deininger
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado Skaggs School of Pharmacy & Pharmaceutical Sciences, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Jacinda N Tran
- Division of Clinical Pharmacy, University of California San Diego Skaggs School of Pharmacy & Pharmaceutical Sciences, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Shirley M Tsunoda
- Division of Clinical Pharmacy, University of California San Diego Skaggs School of Pharmacy & Pharmaceutical Sciences, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Gordon K Young
- Division of Clinical Pharmacy, University of California San Diego Skaggs School of Pharmacy & Pharmaceutical Sciences, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Yee Ming Lee
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, University of Colorado Skaggs School of Pharmacy & Pharmaceutical Sciences, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Heather D Anderson
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, University of Colorado Skaggs School of Pharmacy & Pharmaceutical Sciences, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Robert L Page II
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, University of Colorado Skaggs School of Pharmacy & Pharmaceutical Sciences, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Jan D Hirsch
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
| | - Christina L Aquilante
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado Skaggs School of Pharmacy & Pharmaceutical Sciences, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
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Ellepola K, Truong T, Liu Y, Lin Q, Lim TK, Lee YM, Cao T, Koo H, Seneviratne CJ. Multi-omics Analyses Reveal Synergistic Carbohydrate Metabolism in Streptococcus mutans-Candida albicans Mixed-Species Biofilms. Infect Immun 2019; 87:e00339-19. [PMID: 31383746 PMCID: PMC6759298 DOI: 10.1128/iai.00339-19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2019] [Accepted: 07/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Candida albicans, a major opportunistic fungal pathogen, is frequently found together with Streptococcus mutans in dental biofilms associated with severe childhood caries (tooth decay), a prevalent pediatric oral disease. However, the impact of this cross-kingdom relationship on C. albicans remains largely uncharacterized. Here, we employed a novel quantitative proteomics approach in conjunction with transcriptomic profiling to unravel molecular pathways of C. albicans when cocultured with S. mutans in mixed biofilms. RNA sequencing and iTRAQ (isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantitation)-based quantitative proteomics revealed that C. albicans genes and proteins associated with carbohydrate metabolism were significantly enhanced, including sugar transport, aerobic respiration, pyruvate breakdown, and the glyoxylate cycle. Other C. albicans genes and proteins directly and indirectly related to cell morphogenesis and cell wall components such as mannan and glucan were also upregulated, indicating enhanced fungal activity in mixed-species biofilm. Further analyses revealed that S. mutans-derived exoenzyme glucosyltransferase B (GtfB), which binds to the fungal cell surface to promote coadhesion, can break down sucrose into glucose and fructose that can be readily metabolized by C. albicans, enhancing growth and acid production. Altogether, we identified key pathways used by C. albicans in the mixed biofilm, indicating an active fungal role in the sugar metabolism and environmental acidification (key virulence traits associated with caries onset) when interacting with S. mutans, and a new cross-feeding mechanism mediated by GtfB that enhances C. albicans carbohydrate utilization. In addition, we demonstrate that comprehensive transcriptomics and quantitative proteomics can be powerful tools to study microbial contributions which remain underexplored in cross-kingdom biofilms.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Ellepola
- Oral Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore
- Center of Oral and Craniofacial Biology, School of Dentistry, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
| | - T Truong
- Oral Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Y Liu
- Biofilm Research Labs, Levy Center for Oral Health, Department of Orthodontics and Divisions of Pediatric Dentistry & Community Oral Health, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Q Lin
- Protein and Proteomic Centre, Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - T K Lim
- Protein and Proteomic Centre, Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Y M Lee
- Protein and Proteomic Centre, Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - T Cao
- Oral Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - H Koo
- Biofilm Research Labs, Levy Center for Oral Health, Department of Orthodontics and Divisions of Pediatric Dentistry & Community Oral Health, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - C J Seneviratne
- National Dental Centre Singapore, Oral Health ACP, SingHealth Duke NUS, Singapore
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Deininger KM, Page RL, Lee YM, Kauffman YS, Johnson SG, Oreschak K, Aquilante CL. Non-interventional cardiologists' perspectives on the role of pharmacogenomic testing in cardiovascular medicine. Per Med 2018; 16:123-132. [PMID: 30543145 DOI: 10.2217/pme-2018-0099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
AIM To evaluate factors influencing cardiologists' perspectives about pharmacogenomic (PGx) testing in clinical practice. PATIENTS & METHODS Semistructured interviews with practicing cardiologists were qualitatively analyzed to identify common themes. RESULTS Five themes were identified among 16 cardiologists from four specialties (n = 5 general cardiology, n = 3 electrophysiology, n = 2 adult congenital and n = 6 heart failure/transplant): cardiologists' knowledge and needs, perceived clinical validity and utility of PGx testing, dissemination and management of PGx results, patient-related considerations and incidental findings. CONCLUSION Lack of evidence was considered by many cardiologists to be a major barrier hindering the use of PGx testing. However, they would consider adopting PGx if they were provided additional education, ongoing support and evidence supporting the clinical utility of PGx testing in cardiovascular medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kimberly M Deininger
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado Skaggs School of Pharmacy & Pharmaceutical Sciences, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Robert L Page
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, University of Colorado Skaggs School of Pharmacy & Pharmaceutical Sciences, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Yee Ming Lee
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, University of Colorado Skaggs School of Pharmacy & Pharmaceutical Sciences, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Yardlee S Kauffman
- Department of Pharmacy Practice & Pharmacy Administration, University of the Sciences, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Samuel G Johnson
- Board of Pharmacy Specialties, Washington DC, USA.,Department of Pharmacotherapy & Outcomes Science, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Pharmacy, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Kris Oreschak
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado Skaggs School of Pharmacy & Pharmaceutical Sciences, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Christina L Aquilante
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado Skaggs School of Pharmacy & Pharmaceutical Sciences, Aurora, CO, USA
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24
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Yun WJ, Kim YG, Lee YM, Lim JY, Kim HJ, Khan MUK, Chang S, Park HS, Kyung CM. Depth extraction with offset pixels. Opt Express 2018; 26:15825-15841. [PMID: 30114838 DOI: 10.1364/oe.26.015825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2018] [Accepted: 05/27/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Numerous depth extraction techniques have been proposed in the past. However, the utility of these techniques is limited as they typically require multiple imaging units, bulky platforms for computation, cannot achieve high speed and are computationally expensive. To counter the above challenges, a sensor with Offset Pixel Apertures (OPA) has been recently proposed. However, a working system for depth extraction with the OPA sensor has not been discussed. In this paper, we propose the first such system for depth extraction using the OPA sensor. We also propose a dedicated hardware implementation for the proposed system, named as the Depth Map Processor (DMP). The DMP can provide depth at 30 frames per second at 1920 × 1080 resolution with 31 disparity levels. Furthermore, the proposed DMP has low power consumption as for the aforementioned speed and resolution it only requires 290.76 mW. The proposed system makes it an ideal choice for depth extraction systems in constrained environments.
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25
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Kim DS, Son E, Lee YS, Lee YM, Park YH, Kim DH, Lee KW. Herbal Complex DKB114 for Hyperuricemia and Gout. Am J Transl Res 2018. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0038-1644979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- DS Kim
- Korean Herbal Medicine Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, 1672 Yuseong-daero, Yuseong-gu, Dajeon 34054, Republic of Korea
| | - E Son
- Korean Herbal Medicine Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, 1672 Yuseong-daero, Yuseong-gu, Dajeon 34054, Republic of Korea
| | - YS Lee
- Korean Herbal Medicine Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, 1672 Yuseong-daero, Yuseong-gu, Dajeon 34054, Republic of Korea
| | - YM Lee
- Korean Herbal Medicine Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, 1672 Yuseong-daero, Yuseong-gu, Dajeon 34054, Republic of Korea
| | - YH Park
- Dongkook Pharmaceutical Co., LTD, Gyeonggi Bio-Center, 147, Gwanggyo-ro, Yeongtong-gu, Suwon-city, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - DH Kim
- Dongkook Pharmaceutical Co., LTD, Gyeonggi Bio-Center, 147, Gwanggyo-ro, Yeongtong-gu, Suwon-city, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - KW Lee
- Dongkook Pharmaceutical Co., LTD, Gyeonggi Bio-Center, 147, Gwanggyo-ro, Yeongtong-gu, Suwon-city, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
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26
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Ha KH, Kim SA, Lee YM, Kim DJ, Lee DH. Can persistent organic pollutants distinguish between two opposite metabolic phenotypes in lean Koreans? Diabetes Metab 2018; 44:168-171. [PMID: 29395811 DOI: 10.1016/j.diabet.2017.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2017] [Revised: 12/02/2017] [Accepted: 12/19/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
AIMS This study investigated the association of persistent organic pollutants (POPs), an emerging new risk factor for type 2 diabetes and the metabolic syndrome, with the presence of opposite phenotypes of glucose and lipid metabolism among normal-weight Koreans of similar body composition. METHODS Fifty subjects, randomly selected from an ongoing community-based cohort study, from two opposite phenotype groups - metabolically unhealthy normal weight (MUHNW) and metabolically healthy normal weight (MHNW) - were matched for waist circumference, visceral fat mass and demographic variables, then compared for serum concentrations of POPs. RESULTS Most POPs (10 out of 13 compounds) were present in higher serum concentrations in the MUHNW than in the MHNW. In particular, serum concentrations of all compounds of the organochlorine pesticide class were 2.2 to 4.7 times higher in cases than in controls. Compared with the lowest tertile of summary measures of POPs, Odds ratios (95% confidence interval) for the second and third tertiles were 7.4 (1.9-29.4) and 10.4 (2.6-41.2), respectively. Adjusting for possible confounders did not change the results. CONCLUSION Taken altogether, these findings from the present and previous studies suggest that increased serum POP concentrations may play an important role in the development of unhealthy metabolic phenotypes in lean people.
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Affiliation(s)
- K H Ha
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Ajou University, School of Medicine, Suwon, Republic of Korea; Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disease Etiology Research Center, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - S A Kim
- Department of Biomedical Science, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea; BK21 Plus KNU Biomedical Convergence Program, Department of Biomedical Science, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Y M Lee
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, 680, Gukchaebosang-ro Jung-gu, Daegu 41944, Republic of Korea
| | - D J Kim
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Ajou University, School of Medicine, Suwon, Republic of Korea; Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disease Etiology Research Center, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Republic of Korea.
| | - D H Lee
- Department of Biomedical Science, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea; BK21 Plus KNU Biomedical Convergence Program, Department of Biomedical Science, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea; Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, 680, Gukchaebosang-ro Jung-gu, Daegu 41944, Republic of Korea.
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Lee YM, Manzoor BS, Cavallari LH, Nutescu EA. Facilitators and Barriers to the Adoption of Pharmacogenetic Testing in an Inner-City Population. Pharmacotherapy 2018; 38:205-216. [DOI: 10.1002/phar.2077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yee Ming Lee
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy; University of Colorado Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences; Aurora Colorado
| | - Beenish S. Manzoor
- Department of Pharmacy, Systems Outcomes, and Policy; College of Pharmacy; University of Illinois at Chicago; Chicago Illinois
| | - Larisa H. Cavallari
- Department of Pharmacotherapy and Translational Research; Center for Pharmacogenomics; College of Pharmacy; University of Florida; Gainesville Florida
| | - Edith A. Nutescu
- Department of Pharmacy, Systems Outcomes, and Policy; College of Pharmacy; University of Illinois at Chicago; Chicago Illinois
- Center for Pharmacoepidemiology and Pharmacoeconomic Research; College of Pharmacy; University of Illinois at Chicago; Chicago Illinois
- Personalized Medicine Program; The University of Illinois at Chicago Hospital & Health Sciences System (UI-Health); Chicago Illinois
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28
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Cavallari LH, Lee CR, Beitelshees AL, Cooper-DeHoff RM, Duarte JD, Voora D, Kimmel SE, McDonough CW, Gong Y, Dave CV, Pratt VM, Alestock TD, Anderson RD, Alsip J, Ardati AK, Brott BC, Brown L, Chumnumwat S, Clare-Salzler MJ, Coons JC, Denny JC, Dillon C, Elsey AR, Hamadeh IS, Harada S, Hillegass WB, Hines L, Horenstein RB, Howell LA, Jeng LJB, Kelemen MD, Lee YM, Magvanjav O, Montasser M, Nelson DR, Nutescu EA, Nwaba DC, Pakyz RE, Palmer K, Peterson JF, Pollin TI, Quinn AH, Robinson SW, Schub J, Skaar TC, Smith DM, Sriramoju VB, Starostik P, Stys TP, Stevenson JM, Varunok N, Vesely MR, Wake DT, Weck KE, Weitzel KW, Wilke RA, Willig J, Zhao RY, Kreutz RP, Stouffer GA, Empey PE, Limdi NA, Shuldiner AR, Winterstein AG, Johnson JA. Multisite Investigation of Outcomes With Implementation of CYP2C19 Genotype-Guided Antiplatelet Therapy After Percutaneous Coronary Intervention. JACC Cardiovasc Interv 2017; 11:181-191. [PMID: 29102571 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcin.2017.07.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 188] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2017] [Revised: 07/07/2017] [Accepted: 07/11/2017] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This multicenter pragmatic investigation assessed outcomes following clinical implementation of CYP2C19 genotype-guided antiplatelet therapy after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). BACKGROUND CYP2C19 loss-of-function alleles impair clopidogrel effectiveness after PCI. METHODS After clinical genotyping, each institution recommended alternative antiplatelet therapy (prasugrel, ticagrelor) in PCI patients with a loss-of-function allele. Major adverse cardiovascular events (defined as myocardial infarction, stroke, or death) within 12 months of PCI were compared between patients with a loss-of-function allele prescribed clopidogrel versus alternative therapy. Risk was also compared between patients without a loss-of-function allele and loss-of-function allele carriers prescribed alternative therapy. Cox regression was performed, adjusting for group differences with inverse probability of treatment weights. RESULTS Among 1,815 patients, 572 (31.5%) had a loss-of-function allele. The risk for major adverse cardiovascular events was significantly higher in patients with a loss-of-function allele prescribed clopidogrel versus alternative therapy (23.4 vs. 8.7 per 100 patient-years; adjusted hazard ratio: 2.26; 95% confidence interval: 1.18 to 4.32; p = 0.013). Similar results were observed among 1,210 patients with acute coronary syndromes at the time of PCI (adjusted hazard ratio: 2.87; 95% confidence interval: 1.35 to 6.09; p = 0.013). There was no difference in major adverse cardiovascular events between patients without a loss-of-function allele and loss-of-function allele carriers prescribed alternative therapy (adjusted hazard ratio: 1.14; 95% confidence interval: 0.69 to 1.88; p = 0.60). CONCLUSIONS These data from real-world observations demonstrate a higher risk for cardiovascular events in patients with a CYP2C19 loss-of-function allele if clopidogrel versus alternative therapy is prescribed. A future randomized study of genotype-guided antiplatelet therapy may be of value.
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Affiliation(s)
- Larisa H Cavallari
- Department of Pharmacotherapy and Translational Research, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida.
| | - Craig R Lee
- Division of Pharmacotherapy and Experimental Therapeutics, Eshelman School of Pharmacy and McAllister Heart Institute, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | | | - Rhonda M Cooper-DeHoff
- Department of Pharmacotherapy and Translational Research, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida; Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida
| | - Julio D Duarte
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, University of Illinois at Chicago College of Pharmacy, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Deepak Voora
- Department of Medicine, Center for Applied Genomics & Precision Medicine, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Stephen E Kimmel
- University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Caitrin W McDonough
- Department of Pharmacotherapy and Translational Research, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida
| | - Yan Gong
- Department of Pharmacotherapy and Translational Research, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida
| | - Chintan V Dave
- Department of Pharmaceutical Outcomes and Policy, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida
| | - Victoria M Pratt
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | | | - R David Anderson
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida
| | - Jorge Alsip
- Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
| | - Amer K Ardati
- Department of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago College of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Brigitta C Brott
- Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
| | - Lawrence Brown
- Veterans Administration Medical Center, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Supatat Chumnumwat
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, University of Illinois at Chicago College of Pharmacy, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Michael J Clare-Salzler
- Department of Pathology, Immunology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida
| | - James C Coons
- Department of Pharmacy and Therapeutics, Center for Clinical Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Pittsburgh School of Pharmacy, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Joshua C Denny
- Departments of Biomedical Informatics and Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Chrisly Dillon
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
| | - Amanda R Elsey
- Department of Pharmacotherapy and Translational Research, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida
| | - Issam S Hamadeh
- Department of Pharmacotherapy and Translational Research, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida
| | - Shuko Harada
- Department of Pathology and Hugh Kaul Personalized Medicine Institute, School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
| | - William B Hillegass
- Heart South Cardiovascular Group, Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
| | - Lindsay Hines
- Department of Neuropsychology, University of North Dakota, Fargo, North Dakota
| | | | - Lucius A Howell
- Division of Cardiology and McAllister Heart Institute, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Linda J B Jeng
- Department of Medicine, University of Maryland, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Mark D Kelemen
- Department of Medicine, University of Maryland, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Yee Ming Lee
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, University of Illinois at Chicago College of Pharmacy, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Oyunbileg Magvanjav
- Department of Pharmacotherapy and Translational Research, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida
| | - May Montasser
- Department of Medicine, University of Maryland, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - David R Nelson
- College of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida
| | - Edith A Nutescu
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, University of Illinois at Chicago College of Pharmacy, Chicago, Illinois; Department of Pharmacy Systems, Outcomes and Policy and Center for Pharmacoepidemiology and Pharmacoeconomic Research, University of Illinois at Chicago College of Pharmacy, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Devon C Nwaba
- Department of Medicine, University of Maryland, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Ruth E Pakyz
- Department of Medicine, University of Maryland, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Kathleen Palmer
- Department of Medicine, University of Maryland, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Josh F Peterson
- Departments of Biomedical Informatics and Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Toni I Pollin
- Department of Medicine, University of Maryland, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Alison H Quinn
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, University of Illinois at Chicago College of Pharmacy, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Shawn W Robinson
- Department of Medicine, University of Maryland, Baltimore, Maryland; Veterans Administration Medical Center, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Jamie Schub
- Department of Medicine, University of Maryland, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Todd C Skaar
- Department of Medicine, Krannert Institute of Cardiology & Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - D Max Smith
- Department of Pharmacotherapy and Translational Research, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida
| | - Vindhya B Sriramoju
- Division of Cardiology and McAllister Heart Institute, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Petr Starostik
- Department of Pathology, Immunology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida
| | - Tomasz P Stys
- Department of Medicine, University of South Dakota, Sanford School of Medicine, Sioux Falls, South Dakota
| | - James M Stevenson
- Department of Pharmacy and Therapeutics, Center for Clinical Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Pittsburgh School of Pharmacy, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Nicholas Varunok
- Division of Cardiology and McAllister Heart Institute, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Mark R Vesely
- Department of Medicine, University of Maryland, Baltimore, Maryland; Veterans Administration Medical Center, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Dyson T Wake
- Department of Pharmacotherapy and Translational Research, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida
| | - Karen E Weck
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Kristin W Weitzel
- Department of Pharmacotherapy and Translational Research, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida
| | - Russell A Wilke
- Department of Medicine, University of South Dakota, Sanford School of Medicine, Sioux Falls, South Dakota
| | - James Willig
- Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
| | - Richard Y Zhao
- Department of Pathology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Rolf P Kreutz
- Department of Medicine, Krannert Institute of Cardiology & Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - George A Stouffer
- Division of Cardiology and McAllister Heart Institute, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Philip E Empey
- Department of Pharmacy and Therapeutics, Center for Clinical Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Pittsburgh School of Pharmacy, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Nita A Limdi
- Department of Neurology and Hugh Kaul Personalized Medicine Institute, School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
| | - Alan R Shuldiner
- Department of Medicine, University of Maryland, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Almut G Winterstein
- Department of Pharmaceutical Outcomes and Policy, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida; Department of Epidemiology, Colleges of Medicine and Public Health and Health Professions, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida
| | - Julie A Johnson
- Department of Pharmacotherapy and Translational Research, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida; Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida
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Kim DW, Kim CS, Kim HJ, Lee YM, Kim HJ, Kwon KB. The Effect of Germanium Treatment on Rain Shelter House Cultivation of Korean Ginseng (Panax ginseng C. A. Meyer). Am J Transl Res 2017. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0037-1608510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- DW Kim
- Jeollabukdo ARES Medicinal Resource Research Institute, Jinan, Korea, Republic of (South)
| | - CS Kim
- Jeollabukdo ARES Medicinal Resource Research Institute, Jinan, Korea, Republic of (South)
| | - HJ Kim
- Jeollabukdo ARES Medicinal Resource Research Institute, Jinan, Korea, Republic of (South)
| | - YM Lee
- Jeollabukdo ARES Medicinal Resource Research Institute, Jinan, Korea, Republic of (South)
| | - HJ Kim
- Jeollabukdo ARES Medicinal Resource Research Institute, Jinan, Korea, Republic of (South)
| | - KB Kwon
- National Institute of Horticultural & Herbal science, RDA, Eumseong, Korea, Republic of (South)
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30
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Lee YM, Lee SY, Sasaki T, Kim K, Ahn D, Jung MC. Two different phase-change origins with chemical- and structural-phase-changes in C doped (1.5 wt.%) In 3Sb 1Te 2. Sci Rep 2016; 6:38663. [PMID: 27929133 PMCID: PMC5144130 DOI: 10.1038/srep38663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2015] [Accepted: 11/14/2016] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
We fabricated C-doped (1.5 wt.%) In3Sb1Te2 (CIST) thin films with amorphous phase (a-CIST) using a sputter method. Two electrical-phase-changes at 250 and 275 °C were observed in the sheet resistance measurement. In order to understand the origin of these electrical-phase-changes, all samples were characterized by XRD, TEM, and HRXPS with synchrotron radiation. In a-CIST, only weak Sb-C bonding was observed. In the first electrical-phase-change at 250 °C, strong Sb-C bonding occurred without an accompanying structural/phase change (still amorphous). On the other hand, the second electrical-phase-change at 275 °C was due to the structural/phase change from amorphous to crystalline without a chemical state change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y M Lee
- Beamline Department, Pohang Accelerator Laboratory (PAL), Pohang, 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - S Y Lee
- Beamline Department, Pohang Accelerator Laboratory (PAL), Pohang, 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - T Sasaki
- Biology Resources Section, Research Support Division, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University, Okinawa, 904-0495, Japan
| | - K Kim
- AE Center, Samsung Advanced Institute of Technology, P. O. Box 111, Suwon, 440-600, Korea
| | - D Ahn
- Beamline Department, Pohang Accelerator Laboratory (PAL), Pohang, 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - M-C Jung
- Laboratroy for Organic Electronics, Graduate School of Materials Science, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, Nara, 630-0192, Japan
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Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the role of PIN1 on the hepatic differentiation of human dental pulp stem cells (hDPSCs) and its signaling pathway, as well as the potential therapeutic effects of hDPSC transplantation and PIN1 inhibition on CCl4 (carbon tetrachloride)-induced liver fibrosis in mice. The in vitro results showed that hepatic differentiation was suppressed by infection with adenovirus-PIN1 and promoted by PIN1 inhibitor juglone via the downregulation of Wnt3a and β-catenin. Compared with treatment with either hDPSC transplantation or juglone alone, the combination of hDPSCs and juglone into CCl4-injured mice significantly suppressed liver fibrosis and restored serum levels of alanine transaminase, aspartate transaminase, and ammonia. Collectively, the present study shows for the first time that PIN1 inhibition promotes hepatic differentiation of hDPSCs through the Wnt/β-catenin pathway. Furthermore, juglone in combination with hDPSC transplantation effectively treats liver fibrosis, suggesting that hDPSC transplantation with PIN1 inhibition may be a novel therapeutic candidate for the treatment of liver injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- H J Kim
- 1 Department of Oral Physiology, BK21 PLUS Project, and Institute of Translational Dental Sciences, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Republic of Korea
| | - Y A Cho
- 2 Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, Research Center for Tooth and Periodontal Regeneration, and School of Dentistry, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Y M Lee
- 2 Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, Research Center for Tooth and Periodontal Regeneration, and School of Dentistry, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - S Y Lee
- 2 Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, Research Center for Tooth and Periodontal Regeneration, and School of Dentistry, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - W J Bae
- 2 Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, Research Center for Tooth and Periodontal Regeneration, and School of Dentistry, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - E C Kim
- 2 Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, Research Center for Tooth and Periodontal Regeneration, and School of Dentistry, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Lee YM, Barker GC. Comparison of Food Allergy Policies and Training between Alabama (AL) and National Restaurant Industry. Journal of Culinary Science & Technology 2016. [DOI: 10.1080/15428052.2016.1185071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Hussain S, Kenigsberg BB, Danahey K, Lee YM, Galecki PM, Ratain MJ, O'Donnell PH. Disease-drug database for pharmacogenomic-based prescribing. Clin Pharmacol Ther 2016; 100:179-90. [PMID: 26940584 DOI: 10.1002/cpt.364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2015] [Revised: 02/04/2016] [Accepted: 02/28/2016] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Providers have expressed a strong desire to have additional clinical decision-support tools to help with interpretation of pharmacogenomic results. We developed and tested a novel disease-drug association tool that enables pharmacogenomic-based prescribing to treat common diseases. First, 324 drugs were mapped to 484 distinct diseases (mean number of drugs treating each disease was 4.9; range 1-37). Then the disease-drug association tool was pharmacogenomically annotated, with an average of 1.8 pharmacogenomically annotated drugs associated/disease. Applying this tool to a prospectively enrolled >1,000 patient cohort from a tertiary medical center showed that 90% of the top ∼20 diseases in this population and ≥93% of patients could appropriately be treated with ≥1 medication with actionable pharmacogenomic information. When combined with clinical patient genotypes, this tool permits delivery of patient-specific pharmacogenomically informed disease treatment recommendations to inform the treatment of many medical conditions of the US population, a key initial step towards implementation of precision medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Hussain
- Center for Personalized Therapeutics, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - B B Kenigsberg
- Internal Medicine Residency Program, University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - K Danahey
- Center for Personalized Therapeutics, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA.,Center for Research Informatics, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Y M Lee
- Committee on Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacogenomics, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - P M Galecki
- Center for Personalized Therapeutics, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - M J Ratain
- Center for Personalized Therapeutics, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA.,Committee on Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacogenomics, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA.,Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - P H O'Donnell
- Center for Personalized Therapeutics, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA.,Committee on Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacogenomics, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA.,Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
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Lee YM, Sung TY, Kim WB, Chung KW, Yoon JH, Hong SJ. Risk factors for recurrence in patients with papillary thyroid carcinoma undergoing modified radical neck dissection. Br J Surg 2016; 103:1020-5. [PMID: 27121346 DOI: 10.1002/bjs.10144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2015] [Revised: 11/09/2015] [Accepted: 02/05/2016] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study evaluated the impact of lymph node-related factors on the risk of and site of recurrence in patients who had papillary thyroid carcinoma with lymph node metastasis in the lateral compartment (classified as pN1b). METHODS Patients underwent total thyroidectomy with unilateral modified radical neck dissection for classical papillary thyroid carcinoma. Risk factors for recurrence were evaluated according to the pattern of recurrence. RESULTS A total of 324 patients were included in the study. The median follow-up was 63 (range 14-181) months. Recurrence was detected in 47 patients (14·5 per cent). In the multivariable analysis, a maximum diameter of metastatic lymph nodes larger than 2·0 cm (hazard ratio (HR) 1·15, 95 per cent c.i. 1·06 to 1·25; P = 0·033) and a central compartment metastatic lymph node ratio of more than 0·42 (HR 3·35, 1·65 to 6·79; P < 0·001) were identified as independent risk factors for locoregional recurrence. Age 45 years or older (HR 5·69, 1·24 to 26·12; P = 0·025) and extranodal extension of metastasis (HR 12·71, 1·64 to 98·25; P = 0·015) were risk factors for distant metastasis. In subgroup analysis of locoregional recurrence, several lymph node-related factors affected the risk of recurrence according to the specific site of metastasis. CONCLUSION Lymph node-related factors are of importance for the risk of recurrence in patients with classical papillary thyroid carcinoma classified as pN1b.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y M Lee
- Departments of Surgery, Asan Medical Centre, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - T Y Sung
- Departments of Surgery, Asan Medical Centre, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - W B Kim
- Departments of Internal Medicine, Asan Medical Centre, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - K W Chung
- Departments of Surgery, Asan Medical Centre, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - J H Yoon
- Departments of Surgery, Asan Medical Centre, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - S J Hong
- Departments of Surgery, Asan Medical Centre, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Moon BC, Kim WJ, Ji Y, Lee YM, Kang YM, Choi G. Molecular identification of the traditional herbal medicines, Arisaematis Rhizoma and Pinelliae Tuber, and common adulterants via universal DNA barcode sequences. Genet Mol Res 2016; 15:gmr7064. [PMID: 26909979 DOI: 10.4238/gmr.15017064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Methods to identify Pinelliae Tuber and Arisaematis Rhizoma are required because of frequent reciprocal substitution between these two herbal medicines and the existence of several closely related plant materials. As a result of the morphological similarity of dried tubers, correct discrimination of authentic herbal medicines is difficult by conventional methods. Therefore, we analyzed DNA barcode sequences to identify each herbal medicine and the common adulterants at a species level. To verify the identity of these herbal medicines, we collected five authentic species (Pinellia ternata for Pinelliae Tuber, and Arisaema amurense, A. amurense var. serratum, A. erubescens, and A. heterophyllum for Arisaematis Rhizoma) and six common adulterant plant species. Maturase K (matK) and ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase large subunit (rbcL) genes were then amplified using universal primers. In comparative analyses of two DNA barcode sequences, we obtained 45 species-specific nucleotides sufficient to identify each species (except A. erubescens with matK) and 28 marker nucleotides for each species (except P. pedatisecta with rbcL). Sequence differences at corresponding positions of the two combined DNA barcodes provided genetic marker nucleotides that could be used to identify specimens of the correct species among the analyzed medicinal plants. Furthermore, we generated a phylogenetic tree showing nine distinct groups depending on the species. These results can be used to authenticate Pinelliae Tuber and Arisaematis Rhizoma from their adulterants and to identify each species. Thus, comparative analyses of plant DNA barcode sequences identified useful genetic markers for the authentication of Pinelliae Tuber and Arisaematis Rhizoma from several adulterant herbal materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- B C Moon
- K-herb Research Center, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - W J Kim
- K-herb Research Center, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Y Ji
- K-herb Research Center, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Y M Lee
- K-herb Research Center, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Y M Kang
- K-herb Research Center, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - G Choi
- K-herb Research Center, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
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Abstract
The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) has profiled more than 10,000 samples derived from 33 types of cancer to date, with the goal of improving our understanding of the molecular basis of cancer and advancing our ability to diagnose, treat, and prevent cancer. This review focuses on lung cancer as it is the leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide in both men and women. Particularly, non-small cell lung cancers (including lung adenocarcinoma and lung squamous cell carcinoma) were evaluated. Our goal was to demonstrate the impact of TCGA on lung cancer research under 4 themes: diagnostic markers, disease progression markers, novel therapeutic targets, and novel tools. Examples are given related to DNA mutation, copy number variation, messenger RNA, and microRNA expression along with methylation profiling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeremy T-H Chang
- Biological Sciences Collegiate Division, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Ill
| | - Yee Ming Lee
- Center for Personalized Therapeutics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Ill
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38
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Choi HJ, Lee JC, Lee YM. Hourglass epidermoid inclusion cyst of the hand. J Hand Surg Eur Vol 2015; 40:749-50. [PMID: 24212414 DOI: 10.1177/1753193413511576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- H J Choi
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, College of Medicine, Soonchunhyang University, Cheonan, Korea
| | - J C Lee
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, College of Medicine, Soonchunhyang University, Cheonan, Korea
| | - Y M Lee
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, College of Medicine, Soonchunhyang University, Cheonan, Korea
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Cook EA, Lee YM, White BD, Gropper SS. The Diet of Inmates: An Analysis of a 28-Day Cycle Menu Used in a Large County Jail in the State of Georgia. J Correct Health Care 2015; 21:390-9. [PMID: 26276135 DOI: 10.1177/1078345815600160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Given the many well-documented relationships between diet and health, growing medical care expenses for those incarcerated, and limited information on foods served in correctional facilities, this study examined the nutritional adequacy of a 28-day cycle menu used in a large county jail in Georgia. When compared with Dietary Reference Intakes, provisions of energy (female inmates only), sodium, saturated fat, and cholesterol exceeded recommendations. Magnesium, potassium, and vitamins A, D, and E met less than two thirds of recommendations. Compared with MyPlate recommendations, grains were overrepresented, while vegetables, fruits, and dairy were underrepresented in the menu. Small menu changes could improve the menu's nutrient content and potentially increase inmates' health and well-being.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma A Cook
- Department of Nutrition, Dietetics and Hospitality Management, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, USA
| | - Yee Ming Lee
- Department of Nutrition, Dietetics and Hospitality Management, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, USA
| | - B Douglas White
- Department of Nutrition, Dietetics and Hospitality Management, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, USA
| | - Sareen S Gropper
- College of Nursing, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, FL, USA
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Fong SSM, Wong JYH, Chung LMY, Yam TTT, Chung JWY, Lee YM, Chow LPY, Luk WS, Ng SSM. Changes in heart-rate variability of survivors of nasopharyngeal cancer during Tai Chi Qigong practice. J Phys Ther Sci 2015; 27:1577-9. [PMID: 26157266 PMCID: PMC4483444 DOI: 10.1589/jpts.27.1577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2015] [Accepted: 01/31/2015] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
[Purpose] To explore the changes in heart-rate variability (HRV) of survivors of nasopharyngeal cancer (NPC) before, during, and after a Tai Chi (TC) Qigong exercise. [Subjects and Methods] Eleven survivors of NPC participated voluntarily in the study. The heart rate of each participant was measured continuously for 1 minute before the TC Qigong intervention, during the 5-minute TC Qigong intervention, and for 1 minute after the intervention, using a Polar heart-rate monitor. Spectral HRV was expressed in terms of normalised low frequency (LF) power, normalised high frequency (HF) power, and the low frequency/high frequency (LF/HF) power ratio. [Results] Both the LF-power and the HF-power components had significant time effects. However, the time effect of the LF/HF power ratio was not significant. Post hoc contrast analysis revealed a significant decrease in LF power and a concomitant increase in HF power during the 4th minute and 5th minute of the TC Qigong exercise. [Conclusion] Five minutes of TC Qigong exercise was found to improve HRV by increasing HF power and decreasing LF power, but these effects were transient. TC Qigong might be an appropriate exercise for improving the ANS function and psychological and cardiac health of survivors of NPC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shirley S M Fong
- Institute of Human Performance, The University of Hong Kong: Pokfulam, Hong Kong
| | - Janet Y H Wong
- School of Nursing, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Louisa M Y Chung
- Department of Health and Physical Education, Hong Kong Institute of Education, Hong Kong
| | - Timothy T T Yam
- Department of Physiotherapy, David Trench Rehabilitation Centre, Hong Kong
| | - Joanne W Y Chung
- Department of Health and Physical Education, Hong Kong Institute of Education, Hong Kong
| | | | - Lina P Y Chow
- Department of Health and Physical Education, Hong Kong Institute of Education, Hong Kong
| | - W S Luk
- The Association of Licentiates of the Medical Council of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Shamay S M Ng
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong
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Lee YM, Eggen J, Soni V, Drozda K, Nutescu EA, Cavallari LH. Warfarin dose requirements in a patient with the CYP2C9*14 allele. Pharmacogenomics 2015; 15:909-14. [PMID: 24956244 DOI: 10.2217/pgs.14.47] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
We describe a 64-year-old male of Indian descent with a history of atrial fibrillation who was started on warfarin after hospital admission for acute stroke. He received genotype-guided warfarin dosing as per the standard-of-care at our hospital, with daily dose recommendations provided by the pharmacogenetics service. Genotyping revealed the rare CYP2C9*1/*14 genotype and warfarin insensitive VKORC1 -1639GG and CYP4F2 433Met/Met genotypes. The patient received an initial warfarin loading dose of 4 mg for 2 days, followed by 2-3 mg/day for the following 11 days. He reached a therapeutic international normalized ratio on day 5, which was maintained over the following week. This report adds to the limited data of the effects of the CYP2C9*14 allele on warfarin dose requirements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yee Ming Lee
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612-7230, USA
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Hwang CY, Lee I, Cho Y, Lee YM, Baek K, Jung YJ, Yang YY, Lee T, Rhee TS, Lee HK. Rhodococcus aerolatus sp. nov., isolated from subarctic rainwater. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2014; 65:465-471. [PMID: 25385992 DOI: 10.1099/ijs.0.070086-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
A Gram-stain-positive, rod-shaped and non-motile strain, designated PAMC 27367(T), was isolated from rainwater collected on the Bering Sea. Analysis of the 16S rRNA gene sequence of the strain showed an affiliation with the genus Rhodococcus. Phylogenetic analyses revealed that strain PAMC 27367(T) formed a robust clade with the type strains of Rhodococcus rhodnii, Rhodococcus aetherivorans and Rhodococcus ruber with 16S rRNA gene sequence similarities of 96.3 %, 95.8 % and 95.5 %, respectively. Cells of the strain grew optimally at 25 °C and at pH 6.5-7.0 in the presence of 0-2 % (w/v) sea salts. The major polar lipids were diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylinositol, phosphatidylinositol mannoside and three unknown phospholipids. The major cellular fatty acids (>10 %) were iso-C16 : 0, C17 : 1ω8c and 10-methyl C17 : 0. Cell wall analysis showed that strain PAMC 27367(T) contained meso-diaminopimelic acid. The genomic DNA G+C content was 77.1 mol%. Based on the phylogenetic, chemotaxonomic and phenotypic data presented here, we propose a novel species with the name Rhodococcus aerolatus sp. nov., with PAMC 27367(T) ( = KCTC 29240(T) = JCM 19485(T)) as the type strain.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Y Hwang
- Division of Polar Life Sciences, Korea Polar Research Institute, 26 Songdomirae-ro, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon 406-840, Republic of Korea
| | - I Lee
- Division of Polar Life Sciences, Korea Polar Research Institute, 26 Songdomirae-ro, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon 406-840, Republic of Korea
| | - Y Cho
- Division of Polar Life Sciences, Korea Polar Research Institute, 26 Songdomirae-ro, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon 406-840, Republic of Korea
| | - Y M Lee
- Division of Polar Life Sciences, Korea Polar Research Institute, 26 Songdomirae-ro, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon 406-840, Republic of Korea
| | - K Baek
- Division of Polar Life Sciences, Korea Polar Research Institute, 26 Songdomirae-ro, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon 406-840, Republic of Korea
| | - Y-J Jung
- Division of Polar Life Sciences, Korea Polar Research Institute, 26 Songdomirae-ro, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon 406-840, Republic of Korea
| | - Y Y Yang
- Division of Polar Life Sciences, Korea Polar Research Institute, 26 Songdomirae-ro, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon 406-840, Republic of Korea
| | - T Lee
- Department of Environmental Science, Hankuk University of Foreign Studies, 81 Oedae-ro, Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-do 449-791, Republic of Korea
| | - T S Rhee
- Division of Polar Ocean Environment, Korea Polar Research Institute, 26 Songdomirae-ro, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon 406-840, Republic of Korea
| | - H K Lee
- Division of Polar Life Sciences, Korea Polar Research Institute, 26 Songdomirae-ro, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon 406-840, Republic of Korea
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Ismail S, Lee YM, Patel M, Duarte JD, Ardati AK. Genotype- and phenotype-directed antiplatelet therapy selection in patients with acute coronary syndromes. Expert Rev Cardiovasc Ther 2014; 12:1289-303. [PMID: 25340283 DOI: 10.1586/14779072.2014.970180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Although dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) has been a standard treatment in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) for over a decade, only recently have therapeutic options beyond aspirin and clopidogrel become available. Additional treatment options are particularly useful because of the documented history of variability in antiplatelet response. This article reviews the current treatment options for DAPT in ACS, and reviews both genotype- and phenotype-guided methods for determining optimal antiplatelet therapy for patients with ACS. Additionally, recommendations from current guidelines as well as expert commentary are provided for the use of available testing methods to determine optimal DAPT for ACS patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sahar Ismail
- Department of Medicine, University of Illinois, Chicago, IL, USA
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Abstract
Physiologic bioengineering of the oral, dental, and craniofacial complex requires optimized geometric organizations of fibrous connective tissues. A computer-designed, fiber-guiding scaffold has been developed to promote tooth-supporting periodontal tissue regeneration and functional restoration despite limited printing resolution for the manufacture of submicron-scaled features. Here, we demonstrate the use of directional freeze-casting techniques to control pore directional angulations and create mimicked topographies to alveolar crest, horizontal, oblique, and apical fibers of natural periodontal ligaments. For the differing anatomic positions, the gelatin displayed varying patterns of ice growth, determined via internal pore architectures. Regardless of the freezing coordinates, the longitudinal pore arrangements resulted in submicron-scaled diameters (~50 µm), along with corresponding high biomaterial porosity (~90%). Furthermore, the horizontal + coronal ([Formula: see text]) freezing orientation facilitated the creation of similar structures to major fibers in the periodontal ligament interface. This periodontal tissue-mimicking microenvironment is a potential tissue platform for the generation of naturally oriented ligamentous tissues consistent with periodontal ligament neogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- C H Park
- Department of Periodontology, Dental Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea Department of Nanobiomedical Science and BK21 PLUS NBM Global Research Center for Regenerative Medicine, Dankook University, Cheonan, Republic of Korea Institute of Tissue Regeneration Engineering, Dankook University, Cheonan, Republic of Korea
| | - K H Kim
- Department of Periodontology, Dental Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - H F Rios
- Department of Periodontics and Oral Medicine, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Y M Lee
- Department of Periodontology, Dental Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - W V Giannobile
- Department of Periodontics and Oral Medicine, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Y J Seol
- Department of Periodontology, Dental Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Lee JH, Oh SH, Lee YM, Kim YS, Son HJ, Jeong DJ, Whitley NC, Kim JJ. Study on Growth Curves of Longissimus dorsi Muscle Area, Backfat Thickness and Body Conformation for Hanwoo (Korean Native) Cows. Asian-Australas J Anim Sci 2014; 27:1250-3. [PMID: 25178367 PMCID: PMC4150190 DOI: 10.5713/ajas.2013.13797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2013] [Revised: 03/26/2014] [Accepted: 05/04/2014] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to estimate the parameters of Gompertz growth curves with the measurements of body conformation, real-time ultrasound longissimus dorsi muscle area (LMA) and backfat thickness (BFT) in Hanwoo cows. The Hanwoo cows (n = 3,373) were born in 97 Hanwoo commercial farms in the 17 cities or counties of Gyeongbuk province, Korea, between 2000 and 2007. A total of 5,504 ultrasound measurements were collected for the cows at the age of 13 to 165 months in 2007 and 2008. Wither height (HW), rump height (HR), the horizontal distance between the top of the hips (WH), and girth of chest (GC) were also measured. Analysis of variance was conducted to investigate variables affecting LMA and BFT. The effect of farm nested in location was included in the statistical model, as well as the effects of HW, HR, WH, and GC as covariates. All of the effects were significant in the analysis of variance for LMA and BFT (p<0.01), except for the HR effect for LMA. The two ultrasound measures and the four body conformation traits were fitted to a Gompertz growth curve function to estimate parameters. Upper asymptotic weights were estimated as 54.0 cm2, 7.67 mm, 125.6 cm, 126.4 cm, 29.3 cm, and 184.1 cm, for LMA, BFT, HW, HR, WH, and GC, respectively. Results of ultrasound measurements showed that Hanwoo cows had smaller LMA and greater BFT than other western cattle breeds, suggesting that care must be taken to select for thick BFT rather than an increase of only beef yield. More ultrasound records per cow are needed to get accurate estimates of growth curve, which, thus, helps producers select animals with high accuracy.
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Affiliation(s)
- J H Lee
- Department of Animal Sciences, North Carolina A&T State University, Greensboro, NC 27411, USA
| | - S-H Oh
- Department of Animal Sciences, North Carolina A&T State University, Greensboro, NC 27411, USA
| | - Y M Lee
- School of Biotechnology, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 712-749, Korea
| | - Y S Kim
- School of Biotechnology, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 712-749, Korea
| | - H J Son
- Gyeongbuk Livestock Research Institute, Yeongju 750-871, Korea
| | - D J Jeong
- Gyeongbuk Livestock Research Institute, Yeongju 750-871, Korea
| | - N C Whitley
- Department of Animal Sciences, North Carolina A&T State University, Greensboro, NC 27411, USA
| | - J J Kim
- School of Biotechnology, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 712-749, Korea
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Kim HS, Park YH, Nam H, Lee YM, Song K, Choi C, Ahn I, Park SR, Lee YH, Hwang DJ. Overexpression of the Brassica rapa transcription factor WRKY12 results in reduced soft rot symptoms caused by Pectobacterium carotovorum in Arabidopsis and Chinese cabbage. Plant Biol (Stuttg) 2014; 16:973-981. [PMID: 24552622 DOI: 10.1111/plb.12149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2013] [Accepted: 12/03/2013] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Chinese cabbage (Brassica rapa L. ssp. pekinensis), an important vegetable crop, can succumb to diseases such as bacterial soft rot, resulting in significant loss of crop productivity and quality. Pectobacterium carotovorum ssp. carotovorum (Pcc) causes soft rot disease in various plants, including Chinese cabbage. To overcome crop loss caused by bacterial soft rot, a gene from Chinese cabbage was isolated and characterised in this study. We isolated the BrWRKY12 gene from Chinese cabbage, which is a group II member of the WRKY transcription factor superfamily. The 645-bp coding sequence of BrWRKY12 translates to a protein with a molecular mass of approximately 24.4 kDa, and BrWRKY12 was exclusively localised in the nucleus. Transcripts of BrWRKY12 were induced by Pcc infection in Brassica. Heterologous expression of BrWRKY12 resulted in reduced susceptibility to Pcc but not to Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato in Arabidopsis. Defence-associated genes, such as AtPDF1.2 and AtPGIP2, were constitutively expressed in transgenic lines overexpressing BrWRKY12. The expression of AtWKRY12, which is the closest orthologue of BrWRKY12, was down-regulated by Pcc in Arabidopsis. However, the Atwrky12-2 mutants did not show any difference in response to Pcc, pointing to a difference in function of WRKY12 in Brassica and Arabidopsis. Furthermore, BrWRKY12 in Chinese cabbage also exhibited enhanced resistance to bacterial soft rot and increased the expression of defence-associated genes. In summary, BrWRKY12 confers enhanced resistance to Pcc through transcriptional activation of defence-related genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- H S Kim
- National Academy of Agricultural Science, Rural Development Administration, Suwon, South Korea
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Lee JH, Lee YM, Oh SH, Son HJ, Jeong DJ, Whitley N, Kim JJ. Estimation of Genetic Parameters for Real-time Ultrasound Measurements for Hanwoo Cows at Different Ages and Pregnancy Status. Asian-Australas J Anim Sci 2014; 27:155-60. [PMID: 25049938 PMCID: PMC4093205 DOI: 10.5713/ajas.2013.13430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2013] [Revised: 11/01/2013] [Accepted: 10/08/2013] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to estimate genetic parameters of ultrasound measurements for longissimus dorsi muscle area (LMA), backfat thickness (BFT), and marbling score (MS) in Hanwoo cows (N = 3,062) at the ages between 18 and 42 months. Data were collected from 100 Hanwoo breeding farms in Gyeongbuk province, Korea, in 2007 and 2008. The cows were classified into four different age groups, i.e. 18 to 22 months (the first pregnancy period), 23 to 27 (the first parturition), 28 to 32 (the second pregnancy), and 33 to 42 (the second parturition), respectively. For each age group, a multi-trait animal model was used to estimate variance components and heritabilities of the three traits. The averages of LMA, BFT, and MS measurements across the cows of all age groups were 50.1 cm2, 4.62 mm, and 3.04, respectively and heritability estimates were 0.09, 0.10, and 0.08 for the respective traits. However, when the data were analyzed in different age groups, heritability estimates of LMA and BFT were 0.24 and 0.47, respectively, for the cows of 18 to 22 months of age, and 0.21 for MS in the 28 to 32 months old cows. When the cows of all age groups were used, the estimates of genetic (phenotypic) correlations were 0.43 (0.35), −0.06 (0.34) and 0.21 (0.32) between LMA and BFT, LMA and MS, and BFT and MS, respectively. However, in the cow age group between 28 and 32 (18 and 22) months, the estimates of genetic (phenotypic) correlations were 0.05 (0.29), −0.15 (0.24) and 0.38 (0.24), for the respective pairs of traits. These results suggest that genetic, environmental, and phenotypic variations differ depending on cow age, such that care must be taken when ultrasound measurements are applied to selection of cows for meat quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- J H Lee
- Gyeongbuk Provincial College, Yecheon, Gyeongbuk, Korea
| | - Y M Lee
- Gyeongbuk Provincial College, Yecheon, Gyeongbuk, Korea
| | - S-H Oh
- Gyeongbuk Provincial College, Yecheon, Gyeongbuk, Korea
| | - H J Son
- Gyeongbuk Provincial College, Yecheon, Gyeongbuk, Korea
| | - D J Jeong
- Gyeongbuk Provincial College, Yecheon, Gyeongbuk, Korea
| | - Niki Whitley
- Gyeongbuk Provincial College, Yecheon, Gyeongbuk, Korea
| | - J J Kim
- Gyeongbuk Provincial College, Yecheon, Gyeongbuk, Korea
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Kim J, Kim CS, Sohn E, Lee YM, Jo K, Shin SD, Kim JS. Aminoguanidine protects against apoptosis of retinal ganglion cells in Zucker diabetic fatty rats. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2014; 18:1573-1578. [PMID: 24943965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
AIM The inhibition of advanced glycation end products (AGEs) and the receptor for AGEs (RAGE) mediated downstream signaling pathways have been suggested to have retinoprotective actions in diabetic retinopathy. Herein, we examined the protective effects of aminoguanidine (AG), an AGEs inhibitor, on diabetes-induced injury of retinal ganglion cells in the Zucker diabetic fatty (ZDF) rats. MATERIALS AND METHODS Seven-week-old male ZDF rats were treated with AG (50 mg/kg body weight) once a day orally for 13 weeks. Serum and vitreous concentration of AGEs were examined. Expressions of AGEs and its receptor (RAGE) were assessed by immunohistochemistry. Southwestern histochemistry was used to detect activated nuclear factor (NF)-κB. RESULTS At the end of the study, vitreal levels of AGEs were significantly reduced in ZDF rats treated with AG. Similary, immunohistochemical analysis showed that AG significantly reduced the positive areas for AGEs and RAGE. Furthermore, AG strongly inhibited the loss of retinal ganglion cells by apoptosis. AG also suppressed the activation of to NF-κB. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that AG has retinoprotective properties through not only direct inhibition of AGEs formation but also downregulation of NF-κB.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Kim
- Korean Medicine Based Herbal Drug Development Group, Herbal Medicine Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon, South Korea.
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Lee YM, Ahn D, Kim JY, Kim YS, Cho S, Ahn M, Cho MH, Jung MS, Choi DK, Jung MC, Qi YB. Only the chemical state of Indium changes in Mn-doped In3Sb1Te2 (Mn: 10 at.%) during multi-level resistance changes. Sci Rep 2014; 4:4702. [PMID: 24736451 PMCID: PMC3988486 DOI: 10.1038/srep04702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2013] [Accepted: 03/21/2014] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
We fabricated and characterized the material with Mn (10 at.%: atomic percent) doped In3Sb1Te2 (MIST) using co-sputtering and synchrotron radiation, respectively. The MIST thin film showed phase-changes at 97 and 320 °C, with sheet resistances of ~10 kΩ(sq) (amorphous), ~0.2 kΩ(sq) (first phase-change), and ~10 Ω(sq) (second phase-change). MIST did not exhibit any chemical separation or increased structural instability during either phase-change, as determined with high-resolution x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. Chemical state changes were only depended for In without concomitant changes of Sb and Te. Apparently, doped Mn atoms can be induced with movement of only In atoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y M Lee
- Pohang Accelerator Laboratory, POSTECH, Pohang, 790-784, Republic of Korea
| | - D Ahn
- Pohang Accelerator Laboratory, POSTECH, Pohang, 790-784, Republic of Korea
| | - J-Y Kim
- Pohang Accelerator Laboratory, POSTECH, Pohang, 790-784, Republic of Korea
| | - Y S Kim
- Energy Harvest-Storage Research Center (EHSRC) and Department of Physics, University of Ulsan, Ulsan 680-749, Republic of Korea
| | - S Cho
- Energy Harvest-Storage Research Center (EHSRC) and Department of Physics, University of Ulsan, Ulsan 680-749, Republic of Korea
| | - M Ahn
- Department of Physics, Yonsei University, Seoul 120-749, Republic of Korea
| | - M-H Cho
- Department of Physics, Yonsei University, Seoul 120-749, Republic of Korea
| | - M S Jung
- Department of Material Science and Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul 133-791, Republic of Korea
| | - D K Choi
- Department of Material Science and Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul 133-791, Republic of Korea
| | - M-C Jung
- Energy Materials and Surface Sciences Unit, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University, Okinawa, 904-0495, Japan
| | - Y B Qi
- Energy Materials and Surface Sciences Unit, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University, Okinawa, 904-0495, Japan
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Kim YS, Sohn E, Jung DH, Lee YM, Kim CS, Kim J, Kim JS. Expression of heat shock protein 90 in the kidneys of diabetic db/db mice. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2014; 18:2198-2204. [PMID: 25070827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To identify novel genes regulated in diabetic nephropathy. MATERIALS AND METHODS Total RNA from the renal cortex of db/+ and db/db mice was isolated and DNA microarrays specific for diabetes signaling pathways were used for expression profiling. Expression of mRNA and protein was determined by RT-PCR and western blotting. The terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated biotinylated UTP nick-end labeling (TUNEL) assay and immunohistochemical staining were assessed in renal cortex of db/db mice. RESULTS Microarray data revealed that 7 genes show up- or down-regulated pattern and diabetic mice specifically decreased heat shock protein (Hsp) 90α expression of genes compared to control mice (diabetic mice 0.68 vs. control mice 1 relative density). Expression of Hsp90α mRNA and Hsp90 protein was significantly decreased in the renal cortex of diabetic mice. However, Hsp70 mRNA and protein expression was not changed. Apoptosis was increased in glomeruli of diabetic mice due to increased expression of cleaved caspase-3 and Bax. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that Hsp 90 expression was decreased in diabetic glomeruli and decreased Hsp90 expression may mediate podocyte apoptosis in type 2 diabetic kidneys.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y S Kim
- Korean Medicine-Based Herbal Drug Development Group, Herbal Medicine Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine (KIOM), Daejeon, Republic of Korea.
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