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Takizawa Y, Kizawa M, Niwa N, Komura Y, Takahashi M, Koda D, Kurita T, Nakajima T. Specific inhibitory effects of guanosine on breast cancer cell proliferation. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2023; 673:67-72. [PMID: 37356147 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2023.06.069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/27/2023]
Abstract
Breast cancer is the most commonly diagnosed cancer and the leading cause of cancer-related death. Drug therapy for breast cancer is currently selected based on the subtype classification; however, many anticancer drugs are highly cytotoxic. Since intracellular levels of GTP are elevated in many cancer cells that undergo a specific cell proliferation cycle, GTP has potential as a target for cancer therapy. The present study focused on nucleosides and nucleotides and examined intracellular GTP-dependent changes in cell proliferation rates in normal (MCF-12A) and cancer (MCF-7) breast cell lines. Decreased cell proliferation due to a reduction in intracellular GTP levels by mycophenolic acid (MPA), an inosine monophosphate dehydrogenase inhibitor, was observed in both cell lines. The inhibitory effects of MPA on cell proliferation were suppressed when it was applied in combination with Guanosine (Guo), a substrate for GTP salvage synthesis, while the single exposure to Guo suppressed the proliferation of MCF-7 cells only. Although the underlying mechanisms remain unclear, since the inhibitory effects of Guo on cell proliferation did not correlate with GTP or ATP intracellular levels or the GTP/ATP ratio, there may be another cause besides GTP metabolism. Guo inhibited the proliferation of MCF-7, a human breast cancer cell line, but not MCF-12A, a human normal breast cell line. Further studies are needed to investigate the potential of applying Guo as a target for the development of a novel cancer treatment system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yusuke Takizawa
- Division of Clinical Pharmaceutics, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nihon Pharmaceutical University, 10281 Komuro, Ina-machi, Kitaadachi-gun, Saitama, 362-0806, Japan.
| | - Masayuki Kizawa
- Division of Clinical Pharmaceutics, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nihon Pharmaceutical University, 10281 Komuro, Ina-machi, Kitaadachi-gun, Saitama, 362-0806, Japan
| | - Nobuyuki Niwa
- Division of Clinical Pharmaceutics, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nihon Pharmaceutical University, 10281 Komuro, Ina-machi, Kitaadachi-gun, Saitama, 362-0806, Japan
| | - Yuya Komura
- Division of Clinical Pharmaceutics, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nihon Pharmaceutical University, 10281 Komuro, Ina-machi, Kitaadachi-gun, Saitama, 362-0806, Japan
| | - Masato Takahashi
- Division of Clinical Pharmaceutics, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nihon Pharmaceutical University, 10281 Komuro, Ina-machi, Kitaadachi-gun, Saitama, 362-0806, Japan
| | - Daiki Koda
- Division of Clinical Pharmaceutics, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nihon Pharmaceutical University, 10281 Komuro, Ina-machi, Kitaadachi-gun, Saitama, 362-0806, Japan
| | - Takuro Kurita
- Division of Clinical Pharmaceutics, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nihon Pharmaceutical University, 10281 Komuro, Ina-machi, Kitaadachi-gun, Saitama, 362-0806, Japan
| | - Takanori Nakajima
- Division of Clinical Pharmaceutics, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nihon Pharmaceutical University, 10281 Komuro, Ina-machi, Kitaadachi-gun, Saitama, 362-0806, Japan
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Marcelli L, Bolmgren K, Barghini D, Battisti M, Blaksley C, Blin S, Belov A, Bertaina M, Bianciotto M, Bisconti F, Cambiè G, Capel F, Casolino M, Churilo I, Crisconio M, Taille CDL, Ebisuzaki T, Eser J, Fenu F, Franceschi M, Fuglesang C, Golzio A, Gorodetzky P, Kasuga H, Kajino F, Klimov P, Kuznetsov V, Manfrin M, Mascetti G, Marszal W, Miyamoto H, Murashov A, Napolitano T, Ohmori H, Olinto A, Parizot E, Picozza P, Piotrowski L, Plebaniak Z, Prevot G, Reali E, Romoli G, Ricci M, Sakaki N, Shinozaki K, Szabelski J, Takizawa Y, Vagelli V, Valentini G, Vrabel M, Wiencke L. Dataset of night-time emissions of the Earth in the near UV range (290-430 nm), with 6.3 km resolution in the latitude range -51.6<L<+51.6 degrees, acquired on board the International Space Station with the Mini-EUSO detector. Data Brief 2023; 48:109105. [PMID: 37095754 PMCID: PMC10121388 DOI: 10.1016/j.dib.2023.109105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Revised: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/24/2023] [Indexed: 04/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The data presented in this article are related to the research paper entitled "Observation of night-time emissions of the Earth in the near UV range from the International Space Station with the Mini-EUSO detector" (Remote Sensing of Environment, Volume 284, January 2023, 113336, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rse.2022.113336). The data have been acquired with the Mini-EUSO detector, an UV telescope operating in the range 290-430 nm and located inside the International Space Station. The detector was launched in August 2019, and it has started operations from the nadir-facing UV-transparent window in the Russian Zvezda module in October 2019. The data presented here refer to 32 sessions acquired between 2019-11-19 and 2021-05-06. The instrument consists of a Fresnel-lens optical system and a focal surface composed of 36 multi-anode photomultiplier tubes, each with 64 channels, for a total of 2304 channels with single photon counting sensitivity. The telescope, with a square field-of-view of 44°, has a spatial resolution on the Earth surface of 6.3 km and saves triggered transient phenomena with a temporal resolution of 2.5 µs and 320 µs. The telescope also operates in continuous acquisition at a 40.96 ms scale. In this article, large-area night-time UV maps obtained processing the 40.96 ms data, taking averages over regions of some specific geographical areas (e.g., Europe, North America) and over the entire globe, are presented. Data are binned into 0.1° × 0.1° or 0.05° × 0.05° cells (depending on the scale of the map) over the Earth's surface. Raw data are made available in the form of tables (latitude, longitude, counts) and .kmz files (containing the .png images). These are - to the best of our knowledge - the highest sensitivity data in this wavelength range and can be of use to various disciplines.
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Adams JH, Ahmad S, Allard D, Anzalone A, Bacholle S, Barrillon P, Bayer J, Bertaina M, Bisconti F, Blaksley C, Blin-Bondil S, Bobík P, Cafagna F, Campana D, Capel F, Casolino M, Cassardo C, Catalano C, Cremonini R, Dagoret-Campagne S, Danto P, del Peral L, de la Taille C, Díaz Damian A, Dupieux M, Ebersoldt A, Ebisuzaki T, Eser J, Evrard J, Fenu F, Ferrarese S, Fornaro C, Fouka M, Gorodetzky P, Guarino F, Guzman A, Hachisu Y, Haungs A, Judd E, Jung A, Karczmarczyk J, Kawasaki Y, Klimov PA, Kuznetsov E, Mackovjak S, Manfrin M, Marcelli L, Medina-Tanco G, Mercier K, Merino A, Mernik T, Miyamoto H, Morales de los Ríos JA, Moretto C, Mot B, Neronov A, Ohmori H, Olinto AV, Osteria G, Panico B, Parizot E, Paul T, Picozza P, Piotrowski LW, Plebaniak Z, Pliego S, Prat P, Prévôt G, Prieto H, Putis M, Rabanal J, Ricci M, Rojas J, Rodríguez Frías MD, Roudil G, Sáez Cano G, Sahnoun Z, Sakaki N, Sanchez JC, Santangelo A, Sarazin F, Scotti V, Shinozaki K, Silva H, Soriano JF, Suino G, Szabelski J, Toscano S, Tabone I, Takizawa Y, von Ballmoos P, Wiencke L, Wille M, Zotov M. A Review of the EUSO-Balloon Pathfinder for the JEM-EUSO Program. Space Sci Rev 2022; 218:3. [PMID: 35153338 PMCID: PMC8807436 DOI: 10.1007/s11214-022-00870-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2021] [Accepted: 12/31/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
EUSO-Balloon is a pathfinder for JEM-EUSO, the mission concept of a spaceborne observatory which is designed to observe Ultra-High Energy Cosmic Ray (UHECR)-induced Extensive Air Showers (EAS) by detecting their UltraViolet (UV) light tracks "from above." On August 25, 2014, EUSO-Balloon was launched from Timmins Stratospheric Balloon Base (Ontario, Canada) by the balloon division of the French Space Agency CNES. After reaching a floating altitude of 38 km, EUSO-Balloon imaged the UV light in the wavelength range ∼290-500 nm for more than 5 hours using the key technologies of JEM-EUSO. The flight allowed a good understanding of the performance of the detector to be developed, giving insights into possible improvements to be applied to future missions. A detailed measurement of the photoelectron counts in different atmospheric and ground conditions was achieved. By means of the simulation of the instrument response and by assuming atmospheric models, the absolute intensity of diffuse light was estimated. The instrument detected hundreds of laser tracks with similar characteristics to EASs shot by a helicopter flying underneath. These are the first recorded laser tracks measured from a fluorescence detector looking down on the atmosphere. The reconstruction of the direction of the laser tracks was performed. In this work, a review of the main results obtained by EUSO-Balloon is presented as well as implications for future space-based observations of UHECRs.
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Affiliation(s)
- J. H. Adams
- University of Alabama in Huntsville, Huntsville, USA
| | - S. Ahmad
- Omega, Ecole Polytechnique, CNRS/IN2P3, Palaiseau, France
| | - D. Allard
- APC, Univ. Paris Diderot, CNRS/IN2P3, CEA/Irfu, Obs de Paris, Paris, France
| | - A. Anzalone
- INAF - Istituto di Astrofisica Spaziale e Fisica Cosmica di Palermo, Palermo, Italy
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare - Sezione di Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - S. Bacholle
- APC, Univ. Paris Diderot, CNRS/IN2P3, CEA/Irfu, Obs de Paris, Paris, France
| | - P. Barrillon
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, Orsay, France
| | - J. Bayer
- Institute for Astronomy and Astrophysics, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - M. Bertaina
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare - Sezione di Torino, Torino, Italy
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Universitá di Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - F. Bisconti
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Universitá di Torino, Torino, Italy
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - C. Blaksley
- APC, Univ. Paris Diderot, CNRS/IN2P3, CEA/Irfu, Obs de Paris, Paris, France
| | - S. Blin-Bondil
- Omega, Ecole Polytechnique, CNRS/IN2P3, Palaiseau, France
| | - P. Bobík
- Institute of Experimental Physics, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Košice, Slovakia
| | - F. Cafagna
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare - Sezione di Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - D. Campana
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare - Sezione di Napoli, Naples, Italy
| | - F. Capel
- KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - M. Casolino
- RIKEN, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama Japan
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare - Sezione di Roma Tor Vergata, Roma, Italy
| | - C. Cassardo
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Universitá di Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - C. Catalano
- IRAP, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, Toulouse, France
| | - R. Cremonini
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Universitá di Torino, Torino, Italy
| | | | - P. Danto
- CNES, 18 avenue Edouard Belin, Toulouse, France
| | | | | | | | - M. Dupieux
- IRAP, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, Toulouse, France
| | - A. Ebersoldt
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | | | - J. Eser
- Colorado School of Mines, Golden, USA
| | - J. Evrard
- CNES, 18 avenue Edouard Belin, Toulouse, France
| | - F. Fenu
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare - Sezione di Torino, Torino, Italy
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Universitá di Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - S. Ferrarese
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Universitá di Torino, Torino, Italy
| | | | - M. Fouka
- Center of Research in Astronomy, Astrophysics, and Geophysics, Algiers, Algeria
| | - P. Gorodetzky
- APC, Univ. Paris Diderot, CNRS/IN2P3, CEA/Irfu, Obs de Paris, Paris, France
| | - F. Guarino
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare - Sezione di Napoli, Naples, Italy
- Dipartimento di Scienze Fisiche, Universitá di Napoli Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - A. Guzman
- Institute for Astronomy and Astrophysics, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Y. Hachisu
- RIKEN, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama Japan
| | - A. Haungs
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - E. Judd
- Space Sciences Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, CA USA
| | - A. Jung
- APC, Univ. Paris Diderot, CNRS/IN2P3, CEA/Irfu, Obs de Paris, Paris, France
| | | | | | - P. A. Klimov
- Skobeltsyn Institute of Nuclear Physics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
| | - E. Kuznetsov
- University of Alabama in Huntsville, Huntsville, USA
| | - S. Mackovjak
- Institute of Experimental Physics, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Košice, Slovakia
| | - M. Manfrin
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Universitá di Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - L. Marcelli
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare - Sezione di Roma Tor Vergata, Roma, Italy
| | - G. Medina-Tanco
- Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - K. Mercier
- CNES, 18 avenue Edouard Belin, Toulouse, France
| | | | - T. Mernik
- Institute for Astronomy and Astrophysics, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - H. Miyamoto
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, Orsay, France
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Universitá di Torino, Torino, Italy
| | | | - C. Moretto
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, Orsay, France
| | - B. Mot
- IRAP, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, Toulouse, France
| | - A. Neronov
- ISDC Data Centre for Astrophysics, Versoix, Switzerland
| | - H. Ohmori
- RIKEN, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama Japan
| | | | - G. Osteria
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare - Sezione di Napoli, Naples, Italy
| | - B. Panico
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare - Sezione di Napoli, Naples, Italy
- Dipartimento di Scienze Fisiche, Universitá di Napoli Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - E. Parizot
- APC, Univ. Paris Diderot, CNRS/IN2P3, CEA/Irfu, Obs de Paris, Paris, France
| | - T. Paul
- Lehman College, City University of New York, New York, USA
| | - P. Picozza
- RIKEN, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama Japan
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare - Sezione di Roma Tor Vergata, Roma, Italy
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Universitá di Roma Tor Vergata, Roma, Italy
| | | | - Z. Plebaniak
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Universitá di Torino, Torino, Italy
- National Centre for Nuclear Research, Lodz, Poland
| | - S. Pliego
- Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - P. Prat
- APC, Univ. Paris Diderot, CNRS/IN2P3, CEA/Irfu, Obs de Paris, Paris, France
| | - G. Prévôt
- APC, Univ. Paris Diderot, CNRS/IN2P3, CEA/Irfu, Obs de Paris, Paris, France
| | - H. Prieto
- Universidad de Alcalá, Madrid, Spain
| | - M. Putis
- Institute of Experimental Physics, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Košice, Slovakia
| | - J. Rabanal
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, Orsay, France
| | - M. Ricci
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, Frascati, Italy
| | - J. Rojas
- Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
| | | | - G. Roudil
- IRAP, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, Toulouse, France
| | | | - Z. Sahnoun
- Center of Research in Astronomy, Astrophysics, and Geophysics, Algiers, Algeria
| | - N. Sakaki
- RIKEN, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama Japan
| | - J. C. Sanchez
- Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - A. Santangelo
- Institute for Astronomy and Astrophysics, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | | | - V. Scotti
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare - Sezione di Napoli, Naples, Italy
- Dipartimento di Scienze Fisiche, Universitá di Napoli Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - K. Shinozaki
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Universitá di Torino, Torino, Italy
- National Centre for Nuclear Research, Lodz, Poland
| | - H. Silva
- Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
| | | | - G. Suino
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Universitá di Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - J. Szabelski
- National Centre for Nuclear Research, Lodz, Poland
| | - S. Toscano
- ISDC Data Centre for Astrophysics, Versoix, Switzerland
| | - I. Tabone
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Universitá di Torino, Torino, Italy
| | | | | | | | - M. Wille
- ECAP, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - M. Zotov
- Skobeltsyn Institute of Nuclear Physics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
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Lucas RM, Yazar S, Young AR, Norval M, de Gruijl FR, Takizawa Y, Rhodes LE, Sinclair CA, Neale RE. Human health in relation to exposure to solar ultraviolet radiation under changing stratospheric ozone and climate. Photochem Photobiol Sci 2019; 18:641-680. [PMID: 30810559 DOI: 10.1039/c8pp90060d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The Montreal Protocol has limited increases in the UV-B (280-315 nm) radiation reaching the Earth's surface as a result of depletion of stratospheric ozone. Nevertheless, the incidence of skin cancers continues to increase in most light-skinned populations, probably due mainly to risky sun exposure behaviour. In locations with strong sun protection programs of long duration, incidence is now reducing in younger age groups. Changes in the epidemiology of UV-induced eye diseases are less clear, due to a lack of data. Exposure to UV radiation plays a role in the development of cataracts, pterygium and possibly age-related macular degeneration; these are major causes of visual impairment world-wide. Photodermatoses and phototoxic reactions to drugs are not uncommon; management of the latter includes recognition of the risks by the prescribing physician. Exposure to UV radiation has benefits for health through the production of vitamin D in the skin and modulation of immune function. The latter has benefits for skin diseases such as psoriasis and possibly for systemic autoimmune diseases such as multiple sclerosis. The health risks of sun exposure can be mitigated through appropriate sun protection, such as clothing with both good UV-blocking characteristics and adequate skin coverage, sunglasses, shade, and sunscreen. New sunscreen preparations provide protection against a broader spectrum of solar radiation, but it is not clear that this has benefits for health. Gaps in knowledge make it difficult to derive evidence-based sun protection advice that balances the risks and benefits of sun exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- R M Lucas
- National Centre for Epidemiology and Population Health, Research School of Population Health, Australian National University, Canberra, Australia. and Centre for Ophthalmology and Visual Science, University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
| | - S Yazar
- Centre for Ophthalmology and Visual Science, University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia and MRC Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | | | - M Norval
- Biomedical Sciences, University of Edinburgh Medical School, Edinburgh, Scotland, UK
| | - F R de Gruijl
- Department of Dermatology, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Y Takizawa
- Akita University School of Medicine, National Institute for Minamata Disease, Nakadai, Itabashiku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - L E Rhodes
- Centre for Dermatology Research, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine, and Health, The University of Manchester and Salford Royal NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
| | | | - R E Neale
- QIMR Berghofer Institute of Medical Research, Herston, Brisbane, Australia and School of Public Health, University of Queensland, Australia
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Bisconti F, Belz J, Bertaina M, Casolino M, Ebisuzaki T, Eser J, Matthews J, Piotrowski L, Plebaniak Z, Sagawa H, Sakaki N, Shin H, Shinozaki K, Sokolsky P, Takizawa Y, Tameda Y, Thomson G. The Detection of UHECRs with the EUSO-TA Telescope. EPJ Web Conf 2019. [DOI: 10.1051/epjconf/201921005005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
EUSO-TA is a cosmic ray detector developed by the JEM-EUSO (Joint Experiment Missions for Extreme Universe Space Observatory) Collaboration, observing during nighttime the fluorescence light emitted along the path of extensive air showers in the atmosphere. It is installed at the Telescope Array site in Utah, USA, in front of the fluorescence detector station at Black Rock Mesa. It serves as a ground-based pathfinder experiment for future space-based missions. EUSO-TA has an optical system with two Fresnel lenses and a focal surface with 6 × 6 multi-anode photomultiplier tubes with 64 channels each, for a total of 2304 channels. The overall field of view is ∼10.6°× 10.6°. This detector technology allows the detection of cosmic ray events with high spatial resolution, having each channel a field of view of about ∼0.2° × 0.2° and a temporal resolution of 2.5 µs. First observations of ultra-high energy cosmic rays revealed the cosmic ray detection capability of EUSO-TA. The foreseen upgrade of EUSO-TA will improve the efficiency of the detector and will increase the statistics of detected events. In this work we present recent results of the detection capability of EUSO-TA and its limits. Moreover, other results about the analysis of laser pulses, stars and meteors will be discussed.
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Iida A, Ouchi S, Oda T, Aketagawa J, Ito Y, Takizawa Y, Tomita M, Hayashi M. Retraction Note to: Changes of Absorptive and Secretory Transporting System of (1 → 3) β-D-glucan Based on Efflux Transporter in Indomethacin-induced Rat. Eur J Drug Metab Pharmacokinet 2018; 43:769. [PMID: 30430434 DOI: 10.1007/s13318-018-0529-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
The Editor-in-Chief has retracted this article [1] based on an investigation by the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology, Japan, which found that the article contained overlap with a previously published article by Kalitsky-Szirtes J, et al. [2].
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Affiliation(s)
- Aiko Iida
- Department of Drug Absorption and Pharmacokinetics, School of Pharmacy, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, 1432-1 Horinouchi, Hachioji, Tokyo, 192-0392, Japan
| | - Shohei Ouchi
- Department of Drug Absorption and Pharmacokinetics, School of Pharmacy, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, 1432-1 Horinouchi, Hachioji, Tokyo, 192-0392, Japan
| | - Toshio Oda
- Research and Development Department, Research Laboratories, Seikagaku Corporation, 1253 Tateno 3-chome, Higashiyamato, Tokyo, 207-0021, Japan
| | - Jun Aketagawa
- Technical Support Group, LAL and Biochemicals Marketing Department, Seikagaku Corporation, 6-1 Marunouchi 1-chome, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, 101-0042, Japan
| | - Yasuhiko Ito
- Department of Drug Absorption and Pharmacokinetics, School of Pharmacy, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, 1432-1 Horinouchi, Hachioji, Tokyo, 192-0392, Japan
| | - Yusuke Takizawa
- Department of Drug Absorption and Pharmacokinetics, School of Pharmacy, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, 1432-1 Horinouchi, Hachioji, Tokyo, 192-0392, Japan.
| | - Mikio Tomita
- Department of Drug Absorption and Pharmacokinetics, School of Pharmacy, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, 1432-1 Horinouchi, Hachioji, Tokyo, 192-0392, Japan
| | - Masahiro Hayashi
- Department of Drug Absorption and Pharmacokinetics, School of Pharmacy, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, 1432-1 Horinouchi, Hachioji, Tokyo, 192-0392, Japan
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7
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Bais F, Luca RM, Bornman JF, Williamson CE, Sulzberger B, Austin AT, Wilson SR, Andrady AL, Bernhard G, McKenzie RL, Aucamp PJ, Madronich S, Neale RE, Yazar S, Young AR, de Gruijl FR, Norval M, Takizawa Y, Barnes PW, Robson TM, Robinson SA, Ballaré CL, Flint SD, Neale PJ, Hylander S, Rose KC, Wängberg SÅ, Häder DP, Worrest RC, Zepp RG, Paul ND, Cory RM, Solomon KR, Longstreth J, Pandey KK, Redhwi HH, Torikai A, Heikkilä AM. Environmental effects of ozone depletion, UV radiation and interactions with climate change: UNEP Environmental Effects Assessment Panel, update 2017. Photochem Photobiol Sci 2018; 17:127-179. [PMID: 29404558 PMCID: PMC6155474 DOI: 10.1039/c7pp90043k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2017] [Accepted: 12/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The Environmental Effects Assessment Panel (EEAP) is one of three Panels of experts that inform the Parties to the Montreal Protocol. The EEAP focuses on the effects of UV radiation on human health, terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems, air quality, and materials, as well as on the interactive effects of UV radiation and global climate change. When considering the effects of climate change, it has become clear that processes resulting in changes in stratospheric ozone are more complex than previously held. Because of the Montreal Protocol, there are now indications of the beginnings of a recovery of stratospheric ozone, although the time required to reach levels like those before the 1960s is still uncertain, particularly as the effects of stratospheric ozone on climate change and vice versa, are not yet fully understood. Some regions will likely receive enhanced levels of UV radiation, while other areas will likely experience a reduction in UV radiation as ozone- and climate-driven changes affect the amounts of UV radiation reaching the Earth's surface. Like the other Panels, the EEAP produces detailed Quadrennial Reports every four years; the most recent was published as a series of seven papers in 2015 (Photochem. Photobiol. Sci., 2015, 14, 1-184). In the years in between, the EEAP produces less detailed and shorter Update Reports of recent and relevant scientific findings. The most recent of these was for 2016 (Photochem. Photobiol. Sci., 2017, 16, 107-145). The present 2017 Update Report assesses some of the highlights and new insights about the interactive nature of the direct and indirect effects of UV radiation, atmospheric processes, and climate change. A full 2018 Quadrennial Assessment, will be made available in 2018/2019.
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Affiliation(s)
- F. Bais
- Aristotle Univ. of Thessaloniki, Laboratory of Atmospheric Physics, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - R. M. Luca
- National Centre for Epidemiology and Population Health, Australian National Univ., Canberra, Australia
| | - J. F. Bornman
- Curtin Univ., Curtin Business School, Perth, Australia
| | | | - B. Sulzberger
- Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, Dübendorf, Switzerland
| | - A. T. Austin
- Univ. of Buenos Aires, Faculty of Agronomy and IFEVA-CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - S. R. Wilson
- School of Chemistry, Centre for Atmospheric Chemistry, Univ. of Wollongong, Wollongong, Australia
| | - A. L. Andrady
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, North Carolina State Univ., Raleigh, NC, USA
| | - G. Bernhard
- Biospherical Instruments Inc., San Diego, CA, USA
| | | | - P. J. Aucamp
- Ptersa Environmental Consultants, Faerie Glen, South Africa
| | - S. Madronich
- National Center for Atmospheric Research, Boulder, Colorado, USA
| | - R. E. Neale
- Queensland Institute of Medical Research, Royal Brisbane Hospital, Brisbane, Australia
| | - S. Yazar
- Univ. of Western Australia, Centre for Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Lions Eye Institute, Perth, Australia
| | | | - F. R. de Gruijl
- Department of Dermatology, Leiden Univ. Medical Centre, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - M. Norval
- Univ. of Edinburgh Medical School, UK
| | - Y. Takizawa
- Akita Univ. School of Medicine, National Institute for Minamata Disease, Nakadai, Itabashiku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - P. W. Barnes
- Department of Biological Sciences and Environment Program, Loyola Univ., New Orleans, USA
| | - T. M. Robson
- Research Programme in Organismal and Evolutionary Biology, Viikki Plant Science Centre, Univ. of Helsinki, Finland
| | - S. A. Robinson
- Centre for Sustainable Ecosystem Solutions, School of Biological Sciences, Univ. of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia
| | - C. L. Ballaré
- Univ. of Buenos Aires, Faculty of Agronomy and IFEVA-CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - S. D. Flint
- Dept of Forest, Rangeland and Fire Sciences, Univ. of Idaho, Moscow, ID, USA
| | - P. J. Neale
- Smithsonian Environmental Research Center, Edgewater, Maryland, USA
| | - S. Hylander
- Centre for Ecology and Evolution in Microbial model Systems, Linnaeus Univ., Kalmar, Sweden
| | - K. C. Rose
- Dept of Biological Sciences, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY, USA
| | - S.-Å. Wängberg
- Dept Marine Sciences, Univ. of Gothenburg, Göteborg, Sweden
| | - D.-P. Häder
- Friedrich-Alexander Univ. Erlangen-Nürnberg, Dept of Biology, Möhrendorf, Germany
| | - R. C. Worrest
- CIESIN, Columbia Univ., New Hartford, Connecticut, USA
| | - R. G. Zepp
- United States Environmental Protection Agency, Athens, Georgia, USA
| | - N. D. Paul
- Lanter Environment Centre, Lanter Univ., LA1 4YQ, UK
| | - R. M. Cory
- Earth and Environmental Sciences, Univ. of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - K. R. Solomon
- Centre for Toxicology, School of Environmental Sciences, Univ. of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada
| | - J. Longstreth
- The Institute for Global Risk Research, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - K. K. Pandey
- Institute of Wood Science and Technology, Bengaluru, India
| | - H. H. Redhwi
- Chemical Engineering Dept, King Fahd Univ. of Petroleum and Minerals, Dhahran, Saudi Arabia
| | - A. Torikai
- Materials Life Society of Japan, Kayabacho Chuo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - A. M. Heikkilä
- Finnish Meteorological Institute R&D/Climate Research, Helsinki, Finland
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Kishimoto H, Miyazaki K, Takizawa Y, Shirasaka Y, Inoue K. Absorption-Enhancing Effect of Nitric Oxide on the Absorption of Hydrophobic Drugs in Rat Duodenum. J Pharm Sci 2016; 105:729-733. [PMID: 26458075 DOI: 10.1002/jps.24677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2015] [Revised: 09/04/2015] [Accepted: 09/16/2015] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Nitric oxide (NO), an endogenous gas that plays a versatile role in the physiological system, has the ability to increase the intestinal absorption of water-soluble compounds through the paracellular route. However, it remains unclear whether NO can enhance the absorption of hydrophobic drugs through the transcellular route. In this study, we examined the absorption-enhancing effect of NO on intestinal permeability of hydrophobic drugs in rat intestine. The pretreatment of rat gastrointestinal sacs with NOC7, a NO-releasing reagent, significantly increased the permeation of griseofulvin from mucosa to serosa in the sacs prepared from the duodenum, but not in those prepared from the other regions such as jejunum, ileum, and colon. The absorption-enhancing effect of NOC7 on the duodenal permeation varied depending on the hydrophobicity of the drugs used. Furthermore, NOC7 treatment was found to be apparently ineffective on the griseofulvin permeation in the duodenum pretreated with dithiothreitol (DTT) that was used as a mucus remover, even though the permeation was increased by pretreatment with DTT alone. These results suggest that NO increases the absorption of hydrophobic drugs through the transcellular route in the duodenum by modulating the mucus layer function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hisanao Kishimoto
- Department of Biopharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0392, Japan
| | - Kaori Miyazaki
- Department of Biopharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0392, Japan
| | - Yusuke Takizawa
- Department of Biopharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0392, Japan
| | - Yoshiyuki Shirasaka
- Department of Biopharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0392, Japan
| | - Katsuhisa Inoue
- Department of Biopharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0392, Japan.
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Lucas RM, Norval M, Neale RE, Young AR, de Gruijl FR, Takizawa Y, van der Leun JC. The consequences for human health of stratospheric ozone depletion in association with other environmental factors. Photochem Photobiol Sci 2015; 14:53-87. [DOI: 10.1039/c4pp90033b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Ozone depletion, climate and human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- R. M. Lucas
- National Centre for Epidemiology and Population Health
- The Australian National University
- Canberra 2601
- Australia
- Telethon Kids Institute
| | - M. Norval
- Biomedical Sciences
- University of Edinburgh Medical School
- Edinburgh EH8 9AG
- UK
| | - R. E. Neale
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute
- Brisbane 4029
- Australia
| | - A. R. Young
- King's College London (KCL)
- St John's Institute of Dermatology
- London SE1 9RT
- UK
| | - F. R. de Gruijl
- Department of Dermatology
- Leiden University Medical Centre
- NL-2300 RC Leiden
- The Netherlands
| | - Y. Takizawa
- Akita University Graduate School of Medicine
- Akita Prefecture
- Japan
- National Institute for Minamata Diseases
- Kumamoto Prefecture
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Kichikawa T, Muramatsu H, Takahashi N, Urushiyama Y, Sato Y, Takizawa Y, Nakata Y, Sato S, Ikeda H, Kobayashi D, Ito S, Miyagawa Y, Abe A, Ishikawa H, Murasawa A, Nakazono K. AB1151-HPR Can the Understanding of Disease Activity Score by Patients Lead to Better Satisfactions of the Rheumatoid Arthritis Treatment? Ann Rheum Dis 2014. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2014-eular.3542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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11
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Iida A, Ouchi S, Oda T, Aketagawa J, Ito Y, Takizawa Y, Tomita M, Hayashi M. RETRACTED ARTICLE: Changes of Absorptive and Secretory Transporting System of (1 → 3) β-D-glucan Based on Efflux Transporter in Indomethacin-induced Rat. Eur J Drug Metab Pharmacokinet 2014; 40:29-38. [DOI: 10.1007/s13318-014-0174-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2013] [Accepted: 01/08/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Hosokawa S, Mizuta K, Takahashi G, Okamura J, Takizawa Y, Hosokawa K, Yamatodani T, Mineta H. Carcinoma of the external auditory canal: histological and treatment groups. B-ENT 2014; 10:259-264. [PMID: 25654948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Evaluation of the clinical and pathological factors associated with the treatment and outcomes of external auditory canal (EAC) carcinomas. METHODOLOGY A retrospective review of clinical and pathological analysis was performed on 23 patients who were histologically diagnosed with EAC carcinomas and treated at Hamamatsu University hospital. We evaluated the clinical staging, treatment methods, pathological diagnosis (particularly squamous cell carcinoma, SCC), and patient outcomes. Main outcome measures include staging, treatment procedures, pathological features, and estimated survival rates. RESULTS The 5-year overall survival (OS) of study participants was 75.2% and the 10-year OS was 60.2% using the Kaplan-Meier method. The prognosis for SCC was poor compared with other carcinomas (p= 0.0462). The prognoses for SCC patients after treatment with surgery alone and after postoperative radiotherapy or chemoradiotherapy were significantly better than for patients with unresectable tumours (p = 0.0004 and p = 0.0001, respectively). There was no significant difference among the four tumour stage groups. Information about patients' survival status was obtained after a median follow-up period of 57.5 months (range, 7-151 months). CONCLUSION Our survival analysis data for carcinoma of the EAC demonstrates that SCC and unresectable cases are associated with poor outcomes. Outcomes for patients with operable disease more closely parallel the survival curves of patients with advanced stage T4 disease. Patients with SCC should be strictly categorized as cases with severe disease.
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MESH Headings
- Adult
- Aged
- Aged, 80 and over
- Carcinoma, Adenoid Cystic/pathology
- Carcinoma, Adenoid Cystic/therapy
- Carcinoma, Basal Cell/pathology
- Carcinoma, Basal Cell/therapy
- Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/pathology
- Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/therapy
- Carcinoma, Verrucous/pathology
- Carcinoma, Verrucous/therapy
- Chemoradiotherapy, Adjuvant
- Cohort Studies
- Disease-Free Survival
- Ear Canal/pathology
- Ear Neoplasms/pathology
- Ear Neoplasms/therapy
- Female
- Humans
- Male
- Middle Aged
- Neoplasm Staging
- Prognosis
- Radiotherapy, Adjuvant
- Retrospective Studies
- Skin Neoplasms/pathology
- Skin Neoplasms/therapy
- Treatment Outcome
- Young Adult
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13
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Takizawa Y, Kishimoto H, Tomita M, Hayashi M. Changes in the expression levels of tight junction components during reconstruction of tight junction from mucosal lesion by intestinal ischemia/reperfusion. Eur J Drug Metab Pharmacokinet 2013; 39:211-20. [PMID: 24014129 DOI: 10.1007/s13318-013-0151-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2013] [Accepted: 08/29/2013] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Tight junction (TJ) is composed of the most apical components of the intercellular junctional complex in epithelial cells; TJ has cell polarity and functions as a major determinant of epithelial barrier function. In this study, to clarify the components of TJ required for its reconstruction and functional acquisition, we examined the changes in intestinal mucosal structure that depended on mucosal lesion by intestinal I/R, that is, the changes in mRNA and protein expression of the claudin family and scaffold proteins. We used an in vivo intestinal I/R model made using the spring scale and surgical sutures, and examined the mRNA and protein expression levels of TJ components by real-time RT-PCR and Western blotting, respectively. Changes in mRNA and protein expression levels of TJ components by intestinal I/R were observed. Among them, characteristic changes were observed in claudin-2 and claudin-4. In addition, the expression behavior of multi-PDZ domain protein (MPDP) mRNA was similar to that of claudin-4. In conclusion, in the recovery process of TJ from mucosal lesion by intestinal I/R, it was suggested that claudin-2 and claudin-4 strongly participate in the reconstruction and functional acquisition of TJ, respectively. Furthermore, it was suggested that MPDZ, which is scaffold protein, also has an important role in these processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yusuke Takizawa
- Department of Drug Absorption and Pharmacokinetics, School of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, 1432-1, Horinouchi, Hachioji, Tokyo, 192-0392, Japan,
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14
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Takizawa Y, Kishimoto H, Nakagawa M, Sakamoto N, Tobe Y, Furuya T, Tomita M, Hayashi M. Effects of pharmaceutical excipients on membrane permeability in rat small intestine. Int J Pharm 2013; 453:363-70. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2013.05.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2013] [Revised: 05/14/2013] [Accepted: 05/24/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Koeda M, Takizawa Y, Minagawa K, Yamamoto M, Ichimiya T, Tateno A, Belin P, Okubo Y. A CASE OF ORGANIC AMNESIC DISORDER SYNDROME DIAGNOSED WITH FMRI. J Neurol Psychiatry 2013. [DOI: 10.1136/jnnp-2013-306103.27] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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16
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von Ballmoos P, Dagoret S, Santangelo A, Adams J, Barrillon P, Bayer J, Bertaina M, Cafagna F, Casolino M, Distratis G, Dupieux M, Ebersoldt A, Ebisuzaki T, Gorodetzky P, Haungs A, Jung A, Kawasaki Y, Medina-Tanco G, Mot B, Osteria G, Parizot E, Park I, Picozza P, Prévôt G, Prieto H, Ricci M, Frías MR, Roudil G, Scotti V, Szabelski J, Takizawa Y, Tsuno K. EUSO-BALLOON a pathfinder for detecting UHECR's from the edge of space. EPJ Web of Conferences 2013. [DOI: 10.1051/epjconf/20135309003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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17
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Takizawa Y, Setoguchi K. AB1477-HPR The risk of developing avascular necrosis of the hip differs greatly among collagen vascular diseases requiring treatment with high-dose glucocorticoids. Ann Rheum Dis 2013. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2012-eular.1467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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18
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Takizawa Y, Kitazato T, Ishizaka H, Kamiya N, Tomita M, Hayashi M. Effect of aminoguanidine on ischemia/reperfusion injury in rat small intestine. Biol Pharm Bull 2012; 34:1737-43. [PMID: 22040888 DOI: 10.1248/bpb.34.1737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury is induced by reactive oxygen species (ROS). During intestinal I/R, the amount of nitric oxide (NO), which is a ROS, is increased. In this study, we examined the protection against I/R injury by inhibition of NO generation. Wistar/ST rats were exposed to 1 h of ischemia, followed by reperfusion for 4 h. The rats were intravenously injected with 100 mg/kg aminoguanidine (AG), which is a selective inducible NO synthase (iNOS) inhibitor, for 5 min before ischemia. The increase in NO(2)(-) by intestinal I/R was significantly inhibited by AG 1 h after reperfusion. Moreover, the increase in area under curve of 0 to 1 h after reperfusion (AUC(0-1)) of paracellular marker was inhibited. However, 3 h after reperfusion, the survival ratio of rats was significantly decreased in the intestinal I/R condition with AG. The amount of NO(2)(-) and AUC of 3 to 4 h after reperfusion (AUC(3-4)) of paracellular marker in intestinal I/R groups were increased by AG compared with those in the I/R condition without AG 3 h after reperfusion. These data indicated that AG, which was given by single pre-administration, can clearly inhibit intestinal I/R injury 1 h after reperfusion. However, the injury occurs again 3 h after reperfusion and grows worse.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yusuke Takizawa
- Department of Drug Absorption and Pharmacokinetics, School of Pharmacy, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, 1432-1 Horinouchi, Hachioji, Tokyo, Japan
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Tomita M, Takizawa Y, Kanbayashi A, Murata H, Tanaka A, Nakaike M, Hatanaka M, Kai T, Hayashi M. Suppression of efflux transporters in the intestines of endotoxin-treated rats. Int J Pharm 2012; 428:33-8. [PMID: 22387888 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2012.02.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2011] [Revised: 02/03/2012] [Accepted: 02/17/2012] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Infection and inflammation suppress the expression and activity of several drug transporters in the liver. In the intestine, P-glycoprotein (PGP/mdr1) and the multidrug resistance-associated protein 2 (MRP2) are important barriers to the absorption of many clinically important drugs. The protein expression and activity of these transporters were examined during inflammation induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS). The transport of rhodamine123 (Rho123) and 5-carboxyfluorescein (5-CF) was determined in isolated ileal segments from endotoxin-treated or control rats in the presence or absence of inhibitors. The reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction was used to measure mRNA levels. Compared with the controls, the mRNA levels of mdr1a and mrp2 were significantly decreased by approximately 50% in the ilea of the LPS-treated rats. Corresponding reductions in the basolateral-apical efflux of Rho123 and 5-CF were observed, resulting in significant increases in the apical-basolateral absorption of these compounds. Neither the permeability of fluorescein isothiocyanate labeled dextran 4000 (FD-4), a paracellular marker, nor membrane resistance was altered. These results indicate that endotoxin-induced inflammation reduces the intestinal expression and activity of PGP and MRP2 in rats, which eliciting corresponding changes in the intestinal transport of their substrates. Hence, infection and inflammatory diseases may induce variability in drug bioavailability through alterations in the intestinal expression and activity of drug transporters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mikio Tomita
- Department of Drug Absorption and Pharmacokinetics, School of Pharmacy, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, 1432-1 Horinouchi, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0392, Japan
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Takizawa Y, Kishimoto H, Kitazato T, Tomita M, Hayashi M. Changes in protein and mRNA expression levels of claudin family after mucosal lesion by intestinal ischemia/reperfusion. Int J Pharm 2012; 426:82-89. [PMID: 22285474 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2012.01.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2011] [Revised: 12/19/2011] [Accepted: 01/12/2012] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury of the intestine is the leading cause of organ dysfunction after restoration of blood flow after diverse events, including shock and intestinal transplantation. I/R injury must be overcome for successful small intestinal transplantation. Tight junctions (TJ) are the most apical component of the intercellular junctional complex in epithelial cells; they establish cell polarity and functioning as major determinants of epithelial barrier function. Among the proteins that comprise TJ, the claudin family is thought to play a crucial role in homeostasis in multicellular organisms. Therefore, the aim of this study was to examine the changes in function of TJ and behavior of the claudin family during intestinal I/R. Wistar/ST rats underwent intestinal ischemia by using the spring scale and surgical suture for 1h, followed by 24h of reperfusion. We examined the changes in area under the blood concentration curve (AUC) after oral administration of FD-4, which is a paracellular marker, and claudin-1, -2, -4, and -7 mRNA and protein expression levels in ileum. The structure of ileal mucosa was partly damaged and its function was diminished by intestinal I/R until 3h after reperfusion, but were almost recovered 24h after reperfusion. However, a time difference was shown between the recoveries of mucosal structure and function. Furthermore, a difference in the expression among various kinds of claudin was found. It was suggested that claudin-4 and multi-PDZ domain protein, which is a scaffolding protein, regulate intestinal paracellular permeability during intestinal I/R. Moreover, the changes in the expression level of claudin-2 were unique.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yusuke Takizawa
- Department of Drug Absorption and Pharmacokinetics, School of Pharmacy, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, 1432-1 Horinouchi, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0392, Japan.
| | - Hisanao Kishimoto
- Department of Drug Absorption and Pharmacokinetics, School of Pharmacy, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, 1432-1 Horinouchi, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0392, Japan
| | - Takuya Kitazato
- Department of Drug Absorption and Pharmacokinetics, School of Pharmacy, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, 1432-1 Horinouchi, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0392, Japan
| | - Mikio Tomita
- Department of Drug Absorption and Pharmacokinetics, School of Pharmacy, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, 1432-1 Horinouchi, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0392, Japan
| | - Masahiro Hayashi
- Department of Drug Absorption and Pharmacokinetics, School of Pharmacy, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, 1432-1 Horinouchi, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0392, Japan
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Takizawa Y, Setoguchi K. The unique clinical and laboratory characteristics of nonepisodic angioedema with eosinophilia: a case series of 18 patients. J Investig Allergol Clin Immunol 2012; 22:523-525. [PMID: 23397677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Y Takizawa
- Department of Allergy and Immunological Diseases, Tokyo Metropolitan Komagome Hospital, Tokyo, Japan.
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Takizawa Y, Kishimoto H, Kitazato T, Tomita M, Hayashi M. Effects of nitric oxide on mucosal barrier dysfunction during early phase of intestinal ischemia/reperfusion. Eur J Pharm Sci 2011; 42:246-52. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2010.11.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2010] [Revised: 10/26/2010] [Accepted: 11/26/2010] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Norval M, Lucas RM, Cullen AP, de Gruijl FR, Longstreth J, Takizawa Y, van der Leun JC. The human health effects of ozone depletion and interactions with climate change. Photochem Photobiol Sci 2011; 10:199-225. [PMID: 21253670 DOI: 10.1039/c0pp90044c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 116] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Depletion of the stratospheric ozone layer has led to increased solar UV-B radiation (280-315 nm) at the surface of the Earth. This change is likely to have had an impact on human exposure to UV-B radiation with consequential detrimental and beneficial effects on health, although behavioural changes in society over the past 60 years or so with regard to sun exposure are of considerable importance. The present report concentrates on information published since our previous report in 2007. The adverse effects of UV radiation are primarily on the eye and the skin. While solar UV radiation is a recognised risk factor for some types of cataract and for pterygium, the evidence is less strong, although increasing, for ocular melanoma, and is equivocal at present for age-related macular degeneration. For the skin, the most common harmful outcome is skin cancer, including melanoma and the non-melanoma skin cancers, basal cell carcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma. The incidence of all three of these tumours has risen significantly over the past five decades, particularly in people with fair skin, and is projected to continue to increase, thus posing a significant world-wide health burden. Overexposure to the sun is the major identified environmental risk factor in skin cancer, in association with various genetic risk factors and immune effects. Suppression of some aspects of immunity follows exposure to UV radiation and the consequences of this modulation for the immune control of infectious diseases, for vaccination and for tumours, are additional concerns. In a common sun allergy (polymorphic light eruption), there is an imbalance in the immune response to UV radiation, resulting in a sun-evoked rash. The major health benefit of exposure to solar UV-B radiation is the production of vitamin D. Vitamin D plays a crucial role in bone metabolism and is also implicated in protection against a wide range of diseases. Although there is some evidence supporting protective effects for a range of internal cancers, this is not yet conclusive, but strongest for colorectal cancer, at present. A role for vitamin D in protection against several autoimmune diseases has been studied, with the most convincing results to date for multiple sclerosis. Vitamin D is starting to be assessed for its protective properties against several infectious and coronary diseases. Current methods for protecting the eye and the skin from the adverse effects of solar UV radiation are evaluated, including seeking shade, wearing protective clothing and sunglasses, and using sunscreens. Newer possibilities are considered such as creams that repair UV-induced DNA damage, and substances applied topically to the skin or eaten in the diet that protect against some of the detrimental effects of sun exposure. It is difficult to provide easily understandable public health messages regarding "safe" sun exposure, so that the positive effects of vitamin D production are balanced against the negative effects of excessive exposure. The international response to ozone depletion has included the development and deployment of replacement technologies and chemicals. To date, limited evidence suggests that substitutes for the ozone-depleting substances do not have significant effects on human health. In addition to stratospheric ozone depletion, climate change is predicted to affect human health, and potential interactions between these two parameters are considered. These include altering the risk of developing skin tumours, infectious diseases and various skin diseases, in addition to altering the efficiency by which pathogenic microorganisms are inactivated in the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Norval
- Biomedical Sciences, University of Edinburgh Medical School, Edinburgh, EH8 9AG, Scotland.
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Takizawa Y, Kishimoto H, Kitazato T, Tomita M, Hayashi M. Changes in the Localization of Ileal P-Glycoprotein Induced by Intestinal Ischemia/Reperfusion. Biol Pharm Bull 2011; 34:408-14. [DOI: 10.1248/bpb.34.408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yusuke Takizawa
- Department of Drug Absorption and Pharmacokinetics, School of Pharmacy, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences
| | - Hisanao Kishimoto
- Department of Drug Absorption and Pharmacokinetics, School of Pharmacy, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences
| | - Takuya Kitazato
- Department of Drug Absorption and Pharmacokinetics, School of Pharmacy, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences
| | - Mikio Tomita
- Department of Drug Absorption and Pharmacokinetics, School of Pharmacy, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences
| | - Masahiro Hayashi
- Department of Drug Absorption and Pharmacokinetics, School of Pharmacy, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences
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Takizawa Y, Kitazato T, Kishimoto H, Tomita M, Hayashi M. Effects of antioxidants on drug absorption in in vivo intestinal ischemia/reperfusion. Eur J Drug Metab Pharmacokinet 2010; 35:89-95. [PMID: 21302034 DOI: 10.1007/s13318-010-0020-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2010] [Accepted: 11/15/2010] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury must be overcome in order to succeed in small intestinal transplantation. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are generated by I/R, and they induce lipid peroxidation which is one of the causes of mucosal lesion. We previously reported the protection effects of antioxidants to I/R injury in the in vitro study. In the present study, we examined the inhibitive effect of antioxidants on intestinal I/R injury in the in vivo study. Intestinal ischemia was induced in Wistar/ST rats using the spring scale and the surgical suture for 1 h, followed by reperfusion for 1 h. We used 4,5-dihydroxy-1,3-benzene-disulfonic acid (Tiron), astaxanthin (ATX) and epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) as antioxidants. The inhibitive effects on mucosal lesion, opening of TJ and decrease in protein expression level of P-gp by in vivo intestinal I/R were admitted by three kinds of antioxidant. Tiron and EGCG inhibited P-gp function but ATX did not. Therefore, for the use of P-gp substrate like immunosuppressants after the intestinal transplantation, ATX, which does not inhibit P-gp is considered to be effective for intestinal I/R injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yusuke Takizawa
- Department of Drug Absorption and Pharmacokinetics, School of Pharmacy, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, 1432-1 Horinouchi, Hachioji, Tokyo, 192-0392, Japan.
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Tomita M, Kishimoto H, Takizawa Y, Hayashi M. Effects of intestinal ischemia/reperfusion on P-glycoprotein mediated biliary and renal excretion of rhodamine123 in rat. Drug Metab Pharmacokinet 2010; 24:428-37. [PMID: 19881254 DOI: 10.2133/dmpk.24.428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
To analyze the effects of I/R on P-gp function in liver and kidney, biliary and urinary excretions of rhodamine123 as a substrate of P-gp were examined in rats. The effects of reperfusion time on change and recovery of P-gp function were also examined. The biliary and renal clearance of rhodamine123 significantly decreased at 3 hr after reperfusion, but returned to control levels at 24 hr after reperfusion. These results suggest that intestinal I/R-induced decrease in P-gp-mediated biliary and renal excretion of rhodamine123 is litely due to impairment of P-gp-mediated transport ability. The level of P-gp protein in liver decreased and that of iNOS mRNA increased at 3 hr after reperfusion and both levels returned to control levels at 24 hr after reperfusion. No marked change in the levels of P-gp protein and iNOS mRNA was observed in kidney at 3 hr and 24 hr after reperfusion. Thus, decrease in biliary excretion of rhodamine123 would appear due in part to decrease in expression of P-gp, caused by increase in lipid peroxidation levels through iNOS mRNA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mikio Tomita
- Department of Drug Absorption and Pharmacokinetics, School of Pharmacy, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Tokyo, Japan
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Tomita M, Takizawa Y, Kishimoto H, Hayashi M. Effect of intestinal ischaemia/reperfusion on P-glycoprotein-mediated ileal excretion of rhodamine 123 in the rat. J Pharm Pharmacol 2010; 61:1319-24. [PMID: 19814863 DOI: 10.1211/jpp/61.10.0007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES We have shown that ischaemia/reperfusion in the small intestine at an early phase, such as 1 h after reperfusion, induced not only functional changes in the membrane, such as P-glycoprotein (P-gp) dysfunction, but also decreased expression of P-gp protein and mdr1a mRNA. In the present study we examined whether intestinal ischaemia/reperfusion modifies the P-gp-mediated ileal excretion transport system in rats beyond 1 h after reperfusion. METHODS To evaluate the contribution of P-gp-mediated transport to the ileal excretion of rhodamine 123, we used Western blotting to measure the expression of P-gp protein levels isolated from the ileum at different reperfusion times after 60 min of ischaemia. We also measured the expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) mRNA using real-time RT-PCR. KEY FINDINGS Ileal excretion of rhodamine 123 decreased at 3 h after reperfusion and had recovered at 24 h. Changes in villi structure at 3 h and its recovery at 24 h were also observed. Verapamil, a competitive inhibitor of P-gp, significantly inhibited ileal clearance of rhodamine 123 to the lumen at 24 h after reperfusion, suggesting that P-gp was working at this time. These results suggest that intestinal ischaemia/reperfusion-induced decrease in P-gp-mediated ileal excretion of rhodamine 123 was probably due to impaired P-gp-mediated transport. Levels of P-gp protein and iNOS mRNA in the ileum decreased 3 h after ischaemia/reperfusion and returned to control levels after 24 h. CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest that intestinal ischaemia/reperfusion markedly decreases P-gp-mediated ileal excretion of rhodamine 123, probably by decreasing the expression of P-gp protein, which is likely to be due to increased lipid peroxidation via iNOS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mikio Tomita
- Department of Drug Absorption and Pharmacokinetics, School of Pharmacy, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Tokyo, Japan.
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Tomita M, Takizawa Y, Kishimoto H, Hayashi M. Effect of intestinal ischaemia/reperfusion on P-glycoprotein-mediated ileal excretion of rhodamine 123 in the rat. J Pharm Pharmacol 2010. [DOI: 10.1211/jpp.61.10.0007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Objectives
We have shown that ischaemia/reperfusion in the small intestine at an early phase, such as 1 h after reperfusion, induced not only functional changes in the membrane, such as P-glycoprotein (P-gp) dysfunction, but also decreased expression of P-gp protein and mdr1a mRNA. In the present study we examined whether intestinal ischaemia/reperfusion modifies the P-gp-mediated ileal excretion transport system in rats beyond 1 h after reperfusion.
Methods
To evaluate the contribution of P-gp-mediated transport to the ileal excretion of rhodamine 123, we used Western blotting to measure the expression of P-gp protein levels isolated from the ileum at different reperfusion times after 60 min of ischaemia. We also measured the expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) mRNA using real-time RT-PCR.
Key findings
Ileal excretion of rhodamine 123 decreased at 3 h after reperfusion and had recovered at 24 h. Changes in villi structure at 3 h and its recovery at 24 h were also observed. Verapamil, a competitive inhibitor of P-gp, significantly inhibited ileal clearance of rhodamine 123 to the lumen at 24 h after reperfusion, suggesting that P-gp was working at this time. These results suggest that intestinal ischaemia/reperfusion-induced decrease in P-gp-mediated ileal excretion of rhodamine 123 was probably due to impaired P-gp-mediated transport. Levels of P-gp protein and iNOS mRNA in the ileum decreased 3 h after ischaemia/reperfusion and returned to control levels after 24 h.
Conclusions
These findings suggest that intestinal ischaemia/reperfusion markedly decreases P-gp-mediated ileal excretion of rhodamine 123, probably by decreasing the expression of P-gp protein, which is likely to be due to increased lipid peroxidation via iNOS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mikio Tomita
- Department of Drug Absorption and Pharmacokinetics, School of Pharmacy, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yusuke Takizawa
- Department of Drug Absorption and Pharmacokinetics, School of Pharmacy, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hisanao Kishimoto
- Department of Drug Absorption and Pharmacokinetics, School of Pharmacy, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masahiro Hayashi
- Department of Drug Absorption and Pharmacokinetics, School of Pharmacy, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Tokyo, Japan
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Takizawa Y, Maruyama J, Setoguchi K. Cyclosporin rapidly diminished a severe lupus-associated macrophage association syndrome refractory to pulsed methylprednisolone and intravenous immunoglobulin. Scand J Rheumatol 2009; 38:492-4. [DOI: 10.3109/03009740902971221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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Takizawa Y, Sawada T, Suzuki A, Yamada R, Inoue T, Yamamoto K. Peptidylarginine deiminase 4 (PADI4) identified as a conformation‐dependent autoantigen in rheumatoid arthritis. Scand J Rheumatol 2009; 34:212-5. [PMID: 16134727 DOI: 10.1080/03009740510026346-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Peptidylarginine deiminase (PADI) catalyses the post-translational modification of arginine to citrulline, which is specifically recognized by sera from rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients. The PADI4 gene has recently been identified as a risk factor for RA. We aimed to determine whether PADI4 constitutes an autoantigen in RA. METHODS Serum samples were obtained from 42 patients with RA, 19 patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), 23 patients with other rheumatic diseases, and 40 normal individuals. The presence of antibodies against recombinant human PADI4 (anti-PADI4) was examined using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and Western blotting. RESULTS For ELISA, the prevalence of anti-PADI4 among RA patients (50%) was significantly higher than that of normal individuals (2.5%), SLE (10.5%), and other rheumatic diseases (4.3%), while for Western blot analysis, PADI4 was recognized only by a portion of the ELISA-positive serum samples. CONCLUSIONS PADI4 is an autoantigen in some RA patients, and its conformational epitope(s) may be important.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Takizawa
- Department of Allergy and Rheumatology, University of Tokyo School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
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Takizawa Y, Maruyama J, Setoguchi K. Cyclosporin rapidly diminished a severe lupus-associated macrophage association syndrome refractory to pulsed methylprednisolone and intravenous immunoglobulin. Scand J Rheumatol Suppl 2009. [DOI: 10.1080/03009740902971221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
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Takizawa Y, Inokuma S, Tanaka Y, Saito K, Atsumi T, Hirakata M, Kameda H, Hirohata S, Kondo H, Kumagai S, Tanaka Y. Clinical characteristics of cytomegalovirus infection in rheumatic diseases: multicentre survey in a large patient population. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2008; 47:1373-8. [PMID: 18577548 DOI: 10.1093/rheumatology/ken231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To survey and elucidate the clinical characteristics of CMV infection in rheumatic disease patients. METHODS A detailed questionnaire survey on CMV infection was carried out against rheumatic disease patients hospitalized in member hospitals, and the obtained clinical and/or laboratory data were analysed. RESULTS Out of 7377 patients, 151 were diagnosed as having CMV infection. The underlying diseases ranged broadly, but SLE, microscopic polyangiitis, and dermatomyositis were the most common. Four were diagnosed histopathologically, and the others via positive CMV antigenaemia. In addition to oral corticosteroid for all but one patient, 81 were treated with pulsed methylprednisolone (MPSL), 64 with cyclophosphamide (CYC) and 36 with other immunosuppressants. Forty-four had a fatal outcome, for which presence of clinical symptoms, other infectious complications, lymphopenia, an older age (>59.3 yrs) and the use of pulsed MPSL were significant risk factors (P < 0.05) by univariate analysis. Multivariate analysis retained the first three (P < 0.05). The CMV antigenaemia count was significantly higher for the symptomatic than asymptomatic [10.1 (0.0-2998.0) vs 4.0 (1.3-1144.4)/10(5) PMNs, respectively, P < 0.05; threshold count: 5.6/10(5) PMNs]. No treatment benefit by anti-viral agent was observed as for survival. CONCLUSION CMV infection was mostly diagnosed by antigenaemia, and occurred among patients under strong immunosuppressive therapy using pulsed MPSL and/or immunosuppressants. Lymphopenia, presence of symptoms and other infections are significant risk factors for a poor outcome and pulsed MPSL and an older age may predict it. Patients were prone to be symptomatic with anti-genaemia count over 5.6/10(5) PMNs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Takizawa
- Department of Allergy and Immunological Diseases, Tokyo Metropolitan Komagome Hospital, Bunkyo-ku, 3-18-22 Honkomagome, Tokyo 113-8677, Japan.
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Tomita M, Takizawa Y, Kishimoto H, Hayashi M. Assessment of ileal epithelial P-glycoprotein dysfunction induced by ischemia/reperfusion using in vivo animal model. Drug Metab Pharmacokinet 2008; 23:356-63. [PMID: 18974613 DOI: 10.2133/dmpk.23.356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
We presented the ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) model which can evaluate changes in P-glycoprotein (P-gp) function induced by lipid peroxidation using surgical-sutures connected with the spring balance. The superior mesenteric artery and vein was occluded by hanging itself using surgical-sutures connected with the spring balance for 60 min (ischemia), followed by reperfusion by cutting of sutures. To determine the hanging force of blood vessel during ischemia, treatment at the hanging force of 50g load, 100g load and 150g load for 60 min was carried out and survival rate was evaluated. Although our 150g load group had some effect on survival, the survival was 100% in the case of 50g and 100g load groups. Thiobarbituric acid-reactive substance (TBA-RS) as an indicator of lipid peroxidation and P-gp expression level after I/R was increased and decreased in a load-dependent manner during ischemia, respectively. Also, the decrease in the level of mdr1a mRNA and function of P-gp by I/R depended on load during ischemia. The changes in TBA-RS, P-gp expression level and P-gp function observed in this study corresponded with our in vitro I/R model reported previously. In conclusion, it was shown that this in vivo I/R model can evaluate the function of P-gp through lipid peroxidation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mikio Tomita
- Department of Drug Absorption and Pharmacokinetics, School of Pharmacy, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Tokyo, Japan.
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Ebisuzaki T, Uehara Y, Ohmori H, Kawai K, Kawasaki Y, Sato M, Takizawa Y, Bertaina M, Kajino F, Sawabe T, Inoue K, Sasaki A, Sakata M, Yamamoto Y, Nagano M, Inoue N, Shibata T, Sakaki N, Uchihori Y, Takahashi Y, Shimizu H, Arai Y, Kurihara Y, Fujimoto H, Yoshida S, Mizumoto Y, Inoue S, Asano K, Sugiyama T, Watanabe J, Ikeda H, Suzuki M, Imamura T, Yano H, Murakami T, Yonetoku D, Itow Y, Taguchi M, Nagata M, Nagataki S, Abe S, Tajima T, Adams J, Mitchell S, Christl M, Watts J, English A, Takahashi Y, Pitalo K, Hadaway J, Geary J, Readon P, Crawford H, Pennypacker C, Arisaka K, Cline D, Gorodetsky P, Salin P, Patzark T, Maurissen A, Valentin M. The JEM-EUSO Project: Observing Extremely High Energy Cosmic Rays and Neutrinos from the International Space Station. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nuclphysbps.2007.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Norval M, Cullen AP, de Gruijl FR, Longstreth J, Takizawa Y, Lucas RM, Noonan FP, van der Leun JC. The effects on human health from stratospheric ozone depletion and its interactions with climate change. Photochem Photobiol Sci 2007; 6:232-51. [PMID: 17344960 DOI: 10.1039/b700018a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 117] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Ozone depletion leads to an increase in the ultraviolet-B (UV-B) component (280-315 nm) of solar ultraviolet radiation (UVR) reaching the surface of the Earth with important consequences for human health. Solar UVR has many harmful and some beneficial effects on individuals and, in this review, information mainly published since the previous report in 2003 (F. R. de Gruijl, J. Longstreth, M. Norval, A. P. Cullen, H. Slaper, M. L. Kripke, Y. Takizawa and J. C. van der Leun, Photochem. Photobiol. Sci., 2003, 2, pp. 16-28) is discussed. The eye is exposed directly to sunlight and this can result in acute or long-term damage. Studying how UV-B interacts with the surface and internal structures of the eye has led to a further understanding of the location and pathogenesis of a number of ocular diseases, including pterygium and cataract. The skin is also exposed directly to solar UVR, and the development of skin cancer is the main adverse health outcome of excessive UVR exposure. Skin cancer is the most common form of malignancy amongst fair-skinned people, and its incidence has increased markedly in recent decades. Projections consistently indicate a further doubling in the next ten years. It is recognised that genetic factors in addition to those controlling pigment variation can modulate the response of an individual to UVR. Several of the genetic factors affecting susceptibility to the development of squamous cell carcinoma, basal cell carcinoma and melanoma have been identified. Exposure to solar UVR down-regulates immune responses, in the skin and systemically, by a combination of mechanisms including the generation of particularly potent subsets of T regulatory cells. Such immunosuppression is known to be a crucial factor in the generation of skin cancers. Apart from a detrimental effect on infections caused by some members of the herpesvirus and papillomavirus families, the impact of UV-induced immunosuppression on other microbial diseases and vaccination efficacy is not clear. One important beneficial effect of solar UV-B is its contribution to the cutaneous synthesis of vitamin D, recognised to be a crucial hormone for bone health and for other aspects of general health. There is accumulating evidence that UVR exposure, either directly or via stimulation of vitamin D production, has protective effects on the development of some autoimmune diseases, including multiple sclerosis and type 1 diabetes. Adequate vitamin D may also be protective for the development of several internal cancers and infections. Difficulties associated with balancing the positive effects of vitamin D with the negative effects of too much exposure to solar UV-B are considered. Various strategies that can be adopted by the individual to protect against excessive exposure of the eye or the skin to sunlight are suggested. Finally, possible interactions between ozone depletion and climate warming are outlined briefly, as well as how these might influence human behaviour with regard to sun exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Norval
- Medical Microbiology, University of Edinburgh Medical School, Teviot Place, Edinburgh, EH8 9AG, Scotland
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Andrady AL, Aucamp PJ, Bais AF, Ballaré CL, Bjorn LO, Bornman JF, Caldwell MM, Cullen AP, de Gruijl FR, Erickson DJ, Flint SD, Häder DP, Hamid HS, Ilyas M, Kulandaivelu G, Kumar HD, McKenzie RL, Longstreth J, Lucas RM, Noonan FP, Norval M, Paul ND, Smith RC, Soloman KR, Sulzberger B, Takizawa Y, Tang X, Torikai A, van der Leun JC, Wilson SR, Worrest RC, Zepp RG. Environmental effects of ozone depletion: 2006 assessment: interactions of ozone depletion and climate change : Executive summary. Photochem Photobiol Sci 2007; 6:212-7. [PMID: 17344958 DOI: 10.1039/b700050m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Nakai-Murakami C, Shimura M, Kinomoto M, Takizawa Y, Tokunaga K, Taguchi T, Hoshino S, Miyagawa K, Sata T, Kurumizaka H, Yuo A, Ishizaka Y. HIV-1 Vpr induces ATM-dependent cellular signal with enhanced homologous recombination. Oncogene 2006; 26:477-86. [PMID: 16983346 DOI: 10.1038/sj.onc.1209831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
An ATM-dependent cellular signal, a DNA-damage response, has been shown to be involved during infection of human immunodeficiency virus type-1 (HIV-1), and a high incidence of malignant tumor development has been observed in HIV-1-positive patients. Vpr, an accessory gene product of HIV-1, delays the progression of the cell cycle at the G2/M phase, and ATR-Chk1-Wee-1, another DNA-damage signal, is a proposed cellular pathway responsible for the Vpr-induced cell cycle arrest. In this study, we present evidence that Vpr also activates ATM, and induces expression of gamma-H2AX and phosphorylation of Chk2. Strikingly, Vpr was found to stimulate the focus formation of Rad51 and BRCA1, which are involved in repair of DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) by homologous recombination (HR), and biochemical analysis revealed that Vpr dissociates the interaction of p53 and Rad51 in the chromatin fraction, as observed under irradiation-induced DSBs. Vpr was consistently found to increase the rate of HR in the locus of I-SceI, a rare cutting-enzyme site that had been introduced into the genome. An increase of the HR rate enhanced by Vpr was attenuated by an ATM inhibitor, KU55933, suggesting that Vpr-induced DSBs activate ATM-dependent cellular signal that enhances the intracellular recombination potential. In context with a recent report that KU55933 attenuated the integration of HIV-1 into host genomes, we discuss the possible role of Vpr-induced DSBs in viral integration and also in HIV-1 associated malignancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Nakai-Murakami
- Department of Intractable Diseases, International Medical Center of Japan, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan
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Takizawa Y, Suzuki A, Sawada T, Ohsaka M, Inoue T, Yamada R, Yamamoto K. Citrullinated fibrinogen detected as a soluble citrullinated autoantigen in rheumatoid arthritis synovial fluids. Ann Rheum Dis 2006; 65:1013-20. [PMID: 16449316 PMCID: PMC1798256 DOI: 10.1136/ard.2005.044743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Anti-citrullinated protein antibodies (ACPA) are specifically and frequently detected in sera of patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Citrullinated fibrin or fibrinogen is a candidate autoantigen of such antibodies. OBJECTIVE To investigate the presence of citrullinated fibrinogen (cFBG) in the plasma or synovial fluid of patients with RA and control patients, and to determine cFBG levels and their relationship with serum markers for RA if it is present. METHODS A sandwich enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) to measure cFBG was established using monoclonal antibodies cF16.1 and cF252.1, generated by immunising mice with R16Cit and R252Cit, the fibrinogen Aalpha chain derived sequences with citrulline at position 16 and 252, respectively, and the presence of cFBG was further investigated with immunoprecipitation-western blotting. RESULTS Positive signals were detected in 11/15 RA synovial fluids (RASFs), but not in osteoarthritis synovial fluids or RA plasma with sandwich ELISA for cFBG using cF16.1 and an anti-modified citrulline (AMC) antibody. The presence of cFBG in RASFs was confirmed by immunoprecipitation-western blotting. Furthermore, most RA sera strongly reacted against R16Cit. No relationship was seen between RASF cFBG levels and C reactive protein or anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide antibody levels of the paired sera. CONCLUSION cFBG is detected as a soluble citrullinated autoantigen in RASFs and may therefore be a genuine candidate antigen for ACPA in patients with RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Takizawa
- Department of Allergy and Rheumatology, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo, 1138655 Japan
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Iida A, Tomita M, Idota Y, Takizawa Y, Hayashi M. Improvement of Intestinal Absorption of Pglycoprotein Substrate by Dtartaric Acid. Drug Metab Pharmacokinet 2006; 21:424-8. [PMID: 17072096 DOI: 10.2133/dmpk.21.424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of the present experiment was to examine the effects of D-tartaric acid (TA) on intestinal drug absorption under both in situ and in vitro experimental conditions. In the in vitro diffusion chamber experiments, TA (10 mM) added to the mucosal side of rat colon significantly decreased rhodamine123 (Rho 123) transport from the serosal to mucosal side. Since TA has been shown to change the integrity of the epithelial tight junctions in rat colon at low pH conditions, resulting in improved paracellular drug transport, the effect of TA on membrane resistance was examined at pH 7.4 in the present study. It was found that membrane resistance, an indicator of paracellular integrity, did not change at pH 7.4. In the in situ loop method, TA (20 mM) increased the absorption of Rho123 in both ileum and colon but not in jejunum. TA (20 mM) also increased the absorption of daunorubicin in the ileum, but TA (20 mM) did not change the expression level of P-glycoprotein (P-gp). TA (20 mM) significantly inhibited excretion of i.v.-administered Rho123 and daunorubicin into the ileal lumen. In conclusion, for the first time we demonstrated that TA increases the intestinal absorption of P-gp substrates Rho123 and daunorubicin, possibly by modulating the P-gp function without changing the expression level of P-gp in the rat intestine.
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MESH Headings
- ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B, Member 1/metabolism
- ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B, Member 1/physiology
- Animals
- Antibiotics, Antineoplastic/administration & dosage
- Antibiotics, Antineoplastic/pharmacokinetics
- Biological Transport/drug effects
- Biological Transport/physiology
- Blotting, Western
- Cardiovascular Agents/administration & dosage
- Cardiovascular Agents/pharmacokinetics
- Colon/cytology
- Colon/drug effects
- Colon/metabolism
- Daunorubicin/administration & dosage
- Daunorubicin/pharmacokinetics
- Diffusion Chambers, Culture/methods
- Fluorescent Dyes/pharmacokinetics
- Ileum/cytology
- Ileum/drug effects
- Ileum/metabolism
- Injections, Intravenous
- Intestinal Absorption/drug effects
- Jejunum/cytology
- Jejunum/drug effects
- Jejunum/metabolism
- Male
- Rats
- Rats, Wistar
- Rhodamine 123/pharmacokinetics
- Tartrates/pharmacology
- Verapamil/administration & dosage
- Verapamil/pharmacokinetics
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Affiliation(s)
- Aiko Iida
- Department of Drug Absorption and Pharmacokinetics, School of Pharmacy, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Science, Hachioji, Tokyo, Japan.
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Kawashima J, Akiyama M, Takizawa Y, Takahashi S, Matsuo I, Shimizu H. Structural, enzymatic and molecular studies in a series of nonbullous congenital ichthyosiform erythroderma patients. Clin Exp Dermatol 2005; 30:429-31. [PMID: 15953088 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2230.2005.01818.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Causative gene defects have not been demonstrated in the majority of nonbullous congenital ichthyosiform erythroderma (NBCIE) cases. The purpose of this study was to further elucidate the pathogenesis of NBCIE. Immunohistochemical and ultrastructural observations, transglutaminase activity assays and sequencing of TGM1 were performed in five patients from four NBCIE families. Transglutaminase 1 (TGase 1), involucrin and loricrin expression and in situ transglutaminase activity were present in all of the cases. Ultrastructurally, two cases out of five showed incomplete thickening of the cornified cell envelope (CCE) during keratinization and the other three exhibited abnormal lipid droplets in the cornified cells and malformed lamellar granules. No TGM1 mutation was found in any of the four families by direct sequence analysis. NBCIE cases with normal TGase 1 seemed to have two distinct patterns of abnormality, one with abnormal lipid droplets and malformed lamellar granules and the other with defective CCE formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Kawashima
- Department of Dermatology, Tokyo Dental College, Ichikawa General Hospital, Japan
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41
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Akiyama M, Takizawa Y, Sawamura D, Matsuo I, Shimizu H. Disruption of the suprabasal keratin network by mutation M150T in the helix initiation motif of keratin 10 does not affect cornified cell envelope formation in human epidermis. Exp Dermatol 2003; 12:638-45. [PMID: 14705805 DOI: 10.1034/j.1600-0625.2003.00021.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Keratin 10 (K10) is known to be tightly bound to the cornified cell envelope (CCE) and this binding is thought to play an important role in enhancing the structural integrity of the cornified cells. Bullous congenital ichthyosiform erythroderma (BCIE) is a genetic disorder of keratinization caused by gene mutations in the conserved sequences of keratin 1 (K1) or K10, which leads to abnormal suprabasal keratin network assembly. In BCIE patients' skin, the keratin network abnormalities make the upper spinous and granular keratinocytes fragile and result in blister formation. However, the exact pathomechanism of the hyperkeratosis seen in BCIE is still unknown. The involvement of the CCE in the pathomechanism of hyperkeratosis in BCIE is controversial. Abnormal CCE assembly may cause hyperkeratosis as reported in cases of lamellar ichthyosis. Binding of K10 to CCE is thought to be a vital connection between the suprabasal keratin filament network and CCE. We hypothesize that abnormal suprabasal keratin assembly caused by either K1 or K10 mutations can disrupt CCE formation, resulting in the hyperkeratosis observed in BCIE. To clarify whether K10 and keratin network defects affect CCE formation in vivo, the ultrastructural and immunohistological features of CCE were studied in the epidermis of two Japanese BCIE patients from two independent families carrying an identical missense mutation M150T in the helix initiation motif of K10. Ultrastructurally, a 15-nm-thick, dense, normal-appearing CCE was formed at the cell periphery of the keratinized epidermal cells. Light and electron microscopic immunolabeling revealed that the major CCE precursor proteins, involucrin and loricrin, were normally distributed and restricted to CCE of the epidermis. Immunofluorescent labeling showed that epidermal TGases, TGase 1, TGase 2 and TGase 3, were expressed normally in the epidermis. These findings suggest that a normal CCE is formed during the process of human epidermal keratinization, even if the suprabasal keratin filament network is disrupted as with this particular K10 mutation, M150T in BCIE.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Akiyama
- Departament of Dermatology, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Seki
- Kizukisumiyoshi-Cho, Nakahara-Ku, Kawasaki, Kanagawa, Japan.
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43
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Yoshikawa I, Yamazaki A, Yamashita K, Takizawa Y, Nakamura M. Which is a significant contributor for outside of the plasmapause, an ionospheric filling or a leakage of plasmaspheric materials?: Comparison of He II (304 Å) images. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2003. [DOI: 10.1029/2002ja009578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- I. Yoshikawa
- Institute of Space and Astronautical Science; Kanagawa Japan
| | - A. Yamazaki
- Communications Research Laboratory; Tokyo Japan
| | - K. Yamashita
- Department of Physics; Nagoya University; Nagoya Japan
| | - Y. Takizawa
- Institute of Physical and Chemical Research; Saitama Japan
| | - M. Nakamura
- Institute of Space and Astronautical Science; Kanagawa Japan
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Abstract
Malformation of the cornified cell envelope (CCE) arising from mutations of the transglutaminase (TGase) 1 gene (TGM1) is the cause of some cases of lamellar ichthyosis (LI). However, genotype/phenotype correlation in TGM1 mutations has not yet been fully clarified. We report a typical case of LI caused by a novel mutation in TGM1. The patient, a 33-year-old woman, showed thick, lamellar scales on the entire body surface. Immunofluorescence labelling with anti-TGase 1 antibodies was negative in the patient's epidermis. In situ TGase activity assay detected markedly reduced TGase activity in granular layers of the patient's epidermis. Electron microscopy revealed incomplete thickening of the CCE during keratinization in the epidermis. Sequencing of the entire exons and exon-intron borders of TGM1 revealed that the patient was a homozygote for a novel deletion mutation 371delA in exon 3. This mutation leads to a frameshift resulting in a premature termination codon 43 bp downstream from the mutation site. According to the protein modelling of TGase 1, the truncated protein from this mutated allele loses the entire catalytic core domain of TGase 1. Thus, the present homozygous mutation is expected to cause total loss of TGase 1 activity, resulting in large, dark, lamellar scales on the entire body, the classic phenotype of LI, in this patient.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Akiyama
- Department of Dermatology, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, North 15 West 7, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-8638, Japan.
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Asaka T, Ikeuchi K, Okino S, Takizawa Y, Satake R, Nitta E, Komai K, Endo K, Higuchi S, Oyake T, Yoshimura T, Suenaga A, Uyama E, Saito T, Konagaya M, Sunohara N, Namba R, Takada H, Honke K, Nishina M, Tanaka H, Shinagawa M, Tanaka K, Matsushima A, Tsuji S, Takamori M. Homozygosity and linkage disequilibrium mapping of autosomal recessive distal myopathy (Nonaka distal myopathy). J Hum Genet 2002; 46:649-55. [PMID: 11721884 DOI: 10.1007/s100380170016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Autosomal recessive distal myopathy or Nonaka distal myopathy (NM) is characterized by its unique distribution of muscular weakness and wasting. The patients present with spared quadriceps muscles even in a late stage of the disease. The hamstring and tibialis anterior muscles are affected severely in early adulthood. We have localized the NM gene to the region between markers D9S319 and D9S276 on chromosome 9 by linkage analysis. To further refine the localization of the NM gene, we conducted homozygosity and linkage disequilibrium analysis for 14 patients from 11 NM families using 18 polymorphic markers. All of the patients from consanguineous NM families were found to be homozygous for six markers located within the region between markers D9S2178 and D9S1859. We also provided evidence for significant allelic associations between the NM region and five marker loci. Examination of the haplotype analysis identified a predominant ancestral haplotype comprising the associated alleles 199-160-154-109 (marker order: D9S2179-D9S2180-D9S2181-D9S1804), present in 60% of NM chromosomes and in 0% of parent chromosomes. On the basis of the data obtained in this study, the majority of NM chromosomes were derived from a single ancestral founder, and the NM gene is probably located within the 1.5-Mb region between markers D9S2178 and D9S1791.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Asaka
- Department of Neurology, Kanazawa University School of Medicine, Japan.
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46
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Nakazawa T, Satoh J, Takahashi K, Sakata Y, Ikehata F, Takizawa Y, Bando SI, Housai T, Li Y, Chen C, Masuda T, Kure S, Kato I, Takasawa S, Taniguchi T, Okamoto H, Toyota T. Complete suppression of insulitis and diabetes in NOD mice lacking interferon regulatory factor-1. J Autoimmun 2001; 17:119-25. [PMID: 11591120 DOI: 10.1006/jaut.2001.0531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Interferon regulatory factor-1 (IRF-1), a transcriptional factor, regulates type I interferon and interferon-induced genes. It was reported that IRF-1 regulates important molecules required for inflammation and immune reactions. To investigate the role of IRF-1 in the development of autoimmune diabetes, we established IRF-1 deficient (IRF-1(-/-)) non-obese diabetic (NOD) mice. IRF-1-deficient C57BL/6J mice were out-crossed to NOD mice, and F1 were backcrossed to NOD mice. At the N8 generation, the heterozygote for IRF-1 mutation was intercrossed and N8F1 was obtained. Out of three NOD genotypes, IRF-1(+/+) and IRF-1(+/-) developed spontaneous diabetes with an incidence of 47% (9/19) and 50% (10/20) by 30 weeks of age, respectively; whereas IRF-1(-/-) did not develop diabetes (0/18, P< 0.01 vs. (+/+) and (+/-)). Histologically, IRF-1(+/+) and IRF-1(+/-) had various degrees of insulitis, but IRF-1(-/-) had no insulitis. In comparison with IRF-1(+/+), the percentage of CD4(+) and Mac-1(+) splenic cells significantly increased, whereas CD3(+), CD8(+) and B220(+) cells decreased in IRF-1(-/-). Furthermore, spleen cell proliferation in response to Con A or murine GAD65 peptide, a major autoantigen of the pancreatic beta-cell, significantly increased, and the IFN-gamma/IL-10 ratio in the culture supernatant significantly decreased in IRF-1(-/-), suggesting Th2 deviation in cytokine balance. These results indicate that IRF-1 plays a key role in developing insulitis and diabetes in NOD mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Nakazawa
- Division of Molecular Metabolism and Diabetes, Department of Internal Medicine, Tohoku University School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
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Akiyama M, Takizawa Y, Suzuki Y, Ishiko A, Matsuo I, Shimizu H. Compound heterozygous TGM1 mutations including a novel missense mutation L204Q in a mild form of lamellar ichthyosis. J Invest Dermatol 2001; 116:992-5. [PMID: 11407995 DOI: 10.1046/j.0022-202x.2001.01367.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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48
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Ishiko A, Akiyama M, Takizawa Y, Nishikawa T, Shimizu Y, Shimizu H. A novel leucine to valine mutation in residue 7 of the helix initiation motif of keratin10 leads to bullous congenital ichthyosiform erythroderma. J Invest Dermatol 2001; 116:991-2. [PMID: 11407994 DOI: 10.1046/j.0022-202x.2001.01382.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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49
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Takizawa Y, Sakamoto Y, Olibera M, Takahashi S. [Long-term observations on type distribution of clinical isolates of beta-hemolytic streptococci in Sapporo. II. Type distribution of Group B streptococci during the fifteen-year period between 1985 and 1999]. Kansenshogaku Zasshi 2001; 75:174-80. [PMID: 11321776 DOI: 10.11150/kansenshogakuzasshi1970.75.174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
During the fifteen-year period between 1985 and 1999, a total of 1,985 strains of Group B Streptococci isolated in Sapporo City General Hospital were classified by agglutination method. The results were summarized as follows: 1. Type distribution of 1,513 isolates of group B streptococci in and after 1992 when type NT6 and type JM9 were started to be typed for the first time was as follows; according to rate isolation it was in the order of type NT6 (412 strains 27.3%), JM9 (257 17.0%), III (220 14.5%), Ia (182 12.0%), following IV, Ib, V and II. 2. As for proportion of origin-materials of isolates, vaginal discharge was 49.5%, urine 26.8%, throat swab 6.8%, sputum 6.6%, pus or exudate 4.2%, blood or spinal fluid 1.8% and stomach contents was 1.3%. A proportion of vagina-origin strains went up to 55% in the second half (1992-1999) from 23% in the first half (1985-1991). 3. In type distribution of isolates in terms of origin-materials, the proportion of type III was significant by high in the stomach contents and blood and spinal fluid. Proportion of type Ia was significant by high in the sputum or throat swab. 4. Thirteen out of 28 strains (46.4%) from newborns were type III; 3 out of 4 (75.0%) from spinal fluid, 5 out of 10 (50.0%) from blood, 5 out of 13 (35.7%) from stomach contents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Takizawa
- Minamigaoka Clinic, Sapporo City General Hospital
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Takizawa Y, Sakamoto Y, Olibera M, Takahashi S. [Long-term observations on type distribution of clinical isolated of beta-hemolytic streptococci in Sapporo. I. T-type distribution of group A hemolytic streptococci during the thirty one-year period between 1969 and 1999]. Kansenshogaku Zasshi 2001; 75:167-73. [PMID: 11321775 DOI: 10.11150/kansenshogakuzasshi1970.75.167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
During the thirty one-year period between 1969 and 1999, a total of 6,876 strains of group A streptococci isolated in Sapporo City General Hospital were classified by T-agglutination method. This research consisted of 5,866 strains of scarlet fever-patients (scarlet fever-strains), 450 of child-patients (child-strains), 141 of adult-patients (adult-strains) and 409 strains of the indistinct. The results were summarized as follows: 1. Total of 6,866 strains were classified to sixteen kinds of T-types such as T12 (44.1%), T4 (21.7%), T1 (9.2%), T6 (4.4%), T3 (2.8%), T22 (2.1%), T18 (1.9%), T28 (1.6%) & others. This pattern of type distribution, three prevailing types of T12/T4/T1, have been reported in other areas generally. But original increase of isolation rates of strains of some T-types as T6, for example, also appeared in Sapporo. 2. Long-term observations demonstrated that the isolation rates of individual T-type, especially T4 or T1, had been forming a small epidemic-wave having a 4 to 8 year-interval and these of type T3 or type T6 on the other hand were repeating sudden prevalence every several years. 3. The isolation rates of type T12 or type T4 in scarlet fever-strains, were significantly higher than in child-strains or adult-strains. It was shown that Type T1 was distributed widely irrespective of patient-group and age-group. It was also characteristic to be distributed to many T-types in adult-strains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Takizawa
- Minamigaoka Clinic, Sapporo City General Hospital
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