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Ottavi M, Toulon P, Casolla B, Martis N. Four clinical and biological phenotypes in antiphospholipid syndrome: a cluster analysis of 174 patients with antinuclear antibody tests. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1361062. [PMID: 38440737 PMCID: PMC10909826 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1361062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2023] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) is an autoimmune thrombotic disease with various systemic presentations. This study aimed to identify homogeneous groups of patients based on a non-supervised hierarchical cluster analysis and assess the rate of relapse associated with antinuclear antibodies (ANA). Methods This retrospective observational study enrolled patients, over a 90-month period, who had APS as defined by the 2006 Sydney classification criteria, and for whom ANA workup was performed. Agglomerative unsupervised hierarchical clustering was conducted to classify patients into subgroups using 24 variables reflecting a range of clinical and biological baseline features associated with APS. Results Hundred and seventy-four patients were included and were categorized into four phenotypes. Cluster 1 (n=73) associated mostly middle-aged men with risk factors for cardiovascular disease. Obstetrical APS with low-risk thrombosis made up cluster 2 (n=25). Patients with venous thromboembolism (VTE), microvascular findings and double/triple positive APL antibodies (50%) were represented in cluster 3 (n=33). Whereas cluster 4 (n=43) characterized a predominantly female subpopulation with positive ANA and systemic lupus (n=23) that exhibited a high thrombotic risk and more frequent relapses (n=38) (p<0.001). Conclusions This study identified four homogenous groups of patients with APS listed as: i) cardiovascular and arterial risk, ii) obstetrical, iii) VTE and microvascular, and iv) ANA-positive APS. We found that ANA-positivity was associated with higher rates of relapse. Applying ANA status to classification criteria could constitute a novel approach to tailoring management for APS, based on phenotypic patterns and risk assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie Ottavi
- Internal Medicine Department, University Hospital of Nice, Cote d’Azur University, Nice, France
| | - Pierre Toulon
- Haematology Department , University Hospital of Nice, Cote d’Azur University, Nice, France
| | - Barbara Casolla
- Stroke Unit, UR2CA-URRIS Neurology, University Hospital Pasteur 2, Cote d’Azur University, Nice, France
| | - Nihal Martis
- Internal Medicine Department, University Hospital of Nice, Cote d’Azur University, Nice, France
- Mediterranean Centre for Molecular Medicine, Control of Gene Expression (COdEX), INSERM U1065, Nice, France
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2
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Fan Y, Xu Y, Zhang S, Song X, Liu Z, Tu W, Li C. Stroke and Risk Factors in Antiphospholipid Syndrome. J Pers Med 2023; 14:24. [PMID: 38248725 PMCID: PMC10821242 DOI: 10.3390/jpm14010024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2023] [Revised: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Stroke is considered one of the most common and life-threatening manifestations of antiphospholipid syndrome (APS), which leads to high mortality and permanent disability. This study investigated the prevalence and the potential risk factors of stroke in APS. We enrolled 361 APS patients retrospectively from 2009 to 2022 at Peking University People's Hospital. Stroke was found in 25.8% (93/361) of the participants. The multivariate logistic regression showed that hypertension, diabetes, livedo reticularis, and other central nervous system involvements were significant related factors for stroke. The use of hydroxychloroquine appeared to relate to a lower incidence of stroke. During a median follow-up of 3.0 years, 11.8% (11/93) of the individuals with a previous stroke developed stroke recurrence, and thrombocytopenia seemed to be a predictor of stroke recurrence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yangyi Fan
- Department of Neurology, Peking University People’s Hospital, Beijing 100044, China; (Y.F.); (X.S.); (Z.L.)
| | - Yicheng Xu
- Department of Neurology, Aerospace Center Hospital, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Sifan Zhang
- Peking University People’s Hospital, Beijing 100191, China;
| | - Xiaodong Song
- Department of Neurology, Peking University People’s Hospital, Beijing 100044, China; (Y.F.); (X.S.); (Z.L.)
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400042, China
| | - Zunjing Liu
- Department of Neurology, Peking University People’s Hospital, Beijing 100044, China; (Y.F.); (X.S.); (Z.L.)
| | - Wenjun Tu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tiantan Hospital, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Chun Li
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Peking University People’s Hospital, Beijing 100044, China
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Bashir BA, Mohamed MH, Hussain MA, Osman W, Mothana RA, Hasson S. Trends of Coagulation Parameters in Human Immunodeficiency Virus Patients. Medicina (Kaunas) 2023; 59:1826. [PMID: 37893544 PMCID: PMC10608449 DOI: 10.3390/medicina59101826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Revised: 10/01/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023]
Abstract
Background and Objectives: HIV disease is recognized to cause inconsistencies in coagulation via various pathways during infection. Some studies have indicated that HIV-infected patients are prone to developing thrombocytopenia, thrombosis, or autoantibodies that may cause difficulties in diagnosis. This study is intended to measure the trend of coagulation parameters in Sudanese patients with HIV. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out in patients with HIV admitted to the Sudan National AIDS Program (SNAP) from January 2018 to December 2019. Prothrombin time (PT), partial thromboplastin time (PTT), thrombin time (TT), D-dimer (DD), hemoglobin (HB), total lymphocyte count (TLC), platelet count (PLT), and a disintegrin and metalloproteinase with thrombospondin type 1 motif, member 13 (ADAMTS13), were evaluated among HIV Sudanese patients. Results: Out of the 44 HIV patients included, 6 (13.6%) were found to have thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura-like events and 12 (27.2%) had antiphospholipid antibodies, of whom 8 (66.6%) showed anticardiolipin antibody (1gG (75%) and IgM (25%)) and 4 showed lupus anticoagulants. The HB, TLC, and PLT values were found to be significantly lower in HIV patients than in control (p = 0.000, 0.000, and 0.050, respectively). The PT and ADAMTS13 values showed no significant difference between HIV patients and control (p = 0.613 and 0.266, respectively). The PTT, TT, and DD values were found to be augmented in HIV patients versus the control (p = 0.000). Conclusions: Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura-like events among HIV Sudanese patients were explored. In addition, antiphospholipid antibodies were strikingly seen in these patients. Additional research is anticipated to confirm these diagnoses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bashir Abdrhman Bashir
- Department of Hematology, Faculty of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Port Sudan Ahlia College, Port Sudan 33312, Sudan
| | - Mohamed Hassan Mohamed
- Department of Hematology, Faculty of Medical Laboratory Science, National University, Khartoum 11111, Sudan;
| | - Mohamed A. Hussain
- Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, International University of Africa, Khartoum 11111, Sudan;
| | - Wadah Osman
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Khartoum, Al-Qasr Ave., Khartoum 11111, Sudan;
| | - Ramzi A. Mothana
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Sidgi Hasson
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool L3 3AF, UK;
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Bakchoul T, Wolska N. Cooling Platelets Down in Antibody-Mediated Immunothrombosis. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2023; 43:1833-1835. [PMID: 37650328 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.123.319738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Tamam Bakchoul
- Institute for Clinical and Experimental Transfusion Medicine, Medical Faculty of Tuebingen (T.B., N.W.), University Hospital of Tuebingen, Germany
- Centre for Clinical Transfusion Medicine (T.B.), University Hospital of Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Nina Wolska
- Institute for Clinical and Experimental Transfusion Medicine, Medical Faculty of Tuebingen (T.B., N.W.), University Hospital of Tuebingen, Germany
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Shah BB, Shankar A, Kumar V, Kumar S, Malik UA, Majeed A, Kumar V, Berkha, Suman, Kumar S, Netha A, Subedi S, Ahmed S. Direct oral anticoagulants vs. vitamin K antagonists in patients with antiphospholipid syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Ann Med Surg (Lond) 2023; 85:3574-3582. [PMID: 37427194 PMCID: PMC10328675 DOI: 10.1097/ms9.0000000000000903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2023] [Accepted: 05/14/2023] [Indexed: 10/31/2023] Open
Abstract
UNLABELLED Optimal treatment regimen for patients with antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) remain unclear. Therefore, the authors sought to compare the outcomes of vitamin K antagonists (VKAs) vs. direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) in patients with APS. METHODS MEDLINE, Embase, and Cochrane Central databases were searched for randomized controlled trials comparing efficacy and safety of VKAs and DOACs inhibitors in patients with APS. Recurrent thrombosis, all-cause mortality, stroke, adverse reactions, and bleeding were among outcomes of interest. Mantel-Haenszel weighted random-effects model was used to calculate relative risks (RRs) with 95% CIs. RESULTS The analysis included 625 patients from four randomized controlled trials and one post hoc analysis. Meta-analysis showed statistically non-significant difference between DOACs inhibitors and VKAs in the recurrent thrombosis risk (arterial or venous) [RR 2.77 (95%, CI 0.79, 9.65); P=0.11, I2=50%]. Consistent results were revealed among patients with the previous history of arterial thrombosis [RR 2.76 (95% CI 0.93, 8.16); P=0.75, I2=0%], venous thrombosis [RR 1.71 (95% CI 0.60, 4.84); P=0.31, I2=15%] and patients who were triple antiphospholipid positive [RR 4.12 (95% CI 0.46, 37.10); P=0.21, I2=58%]. DOACs inhibitors were significantly associated with increased risk of stroke [RR 8.51 (95% CI 2.35, 3.82); P=0.47, I2=0%]. CONCLUSION DOACs exhibited increased risk of stroke among patients with APS. In addition, although not significant, the higher RRs among patients on DOACs may indicate higher risk of thrombotic events associated with DOACs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Abhirami Shankar
- Department of Internal Medicine, West Anaheim Medical Centre, Anaheim, CA
| | - Vinesh Kumar
- Department of Medicine, Chandka Medical College, Larkana
| | - Sumeet Kumar
- Department of Internal Medicine, Dow University of Health Sciences
| | | | - Abdul Majeed
- Department of Medicine, Liaquat College of Medicine and Dentistry
| | | | - Berkha
- Department of Medicine, Peoples Medical College, Nawabshah, Pakistan
| | - Suman
- Department of Medicine, Chandka Medical College, Larkana
| | - Sumeet Kumar
- Medicine, Liaquat University of Medical & Health Sciences, Karachi
| | - Aadarsh Netha
- Department of Medicine, Melmaruvathur Adhiparasakthi Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, Melmaruvathur, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Sonika Subedi
- Department of Medicine, Chitwan Medical College, Bharatpur, Nepal
| | - Shoaib Ahmed
- Department of Medicine, Kabul Medical University, Kabul, Afghanistan
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Acedo N, Alonso A, Feijoó ES, García C, Ortiz AM, Alegre A. Lupus anticoagulant hypoprothrombinemia syndrome: A case report. Clin Case Rep 2023; 11:e7071. [PMID: 37038533 PMCID: PMC10082346 DOI: 10.1002/ccr3.7071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2022] [Revised: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 04/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Lupus anticoagulant hypoprothrombinemia syndrome (LAHPS) is a rare entity associated with an increased risk of hemorrhage. Corticosteroids have been used in its treatment with favorable results. We present the case of a 54-year-old female patient with a personal history of Lupus diagnosed with LAHPS following an episode of cerebellar hemorrhage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Acedo
- Hematology DepartmentHospital Universitario de La PrincesaMadridSpain
| | - Alejandro Alonso
- Hematology DepartmentHospital Universitario de La PrincesaMadridSpain
| | | | - Cristina García
- Hematology DepartmentHospital Universitario de La PrincesaMadridSpain
| | - Ana M. Ortiz
- Rheumatology DepartmentHospital Universitario de La PrincesaMadridSpain
| | - Adrián Alegre
- Hematology DepartmentHospital Universitario de La PrincesaMadridSpain
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7
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Mendel A, Fritzler MJ, St-Pierre Y, Rauch J, Bernatsky S, Vinet É. Outcomes associated with antiphospholipid antibodies in COVID-19: A prospective cohort study. Res Pract Thromb Haemost 2023; 7:100041. [PMID: 36644653 PMCID: PMC9825139 DOI: 10.1016/j.rpth.2023.100041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2022] [Revised: 10/24/2022] [Accepted: 11/05/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The significance of antiphospholipid antibodies (aPL) in COVID-19 remains uncertain. Objectives We determined whether aPL are associated with COVID-19 and/or thrombosis or adverse outcomes during hospitalization for COVID-19. Methods Symptomatic adults tested for SARS-CoV-2 for clinical reasons (March-July 2020) with either ≥1 positive polymerase chain reaction (COVID-19+) or all negative (non-COVID-19) results were recruited to a biobank collecting plasma, clinical data, and outcomes. We tested baseline plasma samples (days 0-7) of all subjects (and day-30 samples in the COVID-19+ subjects, when available) for aPL (anticardiolipin immunoglobulin [Ig]M/IgG, anti-β2-glycoprotein I IgM/IgG, antiphosphatidylserine/prothrombin IgM/IgG, and lupus anticoagulant). We compared the baseline prevalence of aPL between the COVID-19+ and non-COVID-19 subjects. Among hospitalized COVID-19+ subjects, multivariable logistic regression was used to evaluate the association of aPL (and their subtypes) with arterial or venous thromboembolic events, acute kidney injury, intensive care unit admission, mechanical ventilation, and death after adjusting for potential confounders. Results At baseline, 123 of 289 (43%) COVID+ subjects had ≥1 aPL versus 116 of 261 (32%) non-COVID-19 subjects (difference, 10%; 95% CI, 3%-18%). Among 89 COVID+ subjects with repeated samples, aPL persisted on day 30 in 15 of 34 (44%) subjects with baseline aPL positivity, and half of those without aPL at baseline developed one or more new aPL. In hospitalized COVID-19 subjects (n = 241), baseline aPL positivity was associated with acute kidney injury (odds ratio [OR], 1.8; 95% CI, 1.1-3.2) and mechanical ventilation (OR, 3.2; 95% CI, 1.5-6.8) but not death (OR, 1.2; 95% CI, 0.6-2.5). In secondary analyses, medium-to-high titers of anticardiolipin IgG (>40) were associated with thromboembolic events (OR, 7.3; 95% CI, 1.8-30.1). Conclusion In patients with COVID-19, aPL may help identify an increased risk of thrombosis and other adverse outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arielle Mendel
- Division of Rheumatology, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Canada,Centre for Outcomes Research and Evaluation (CORE), Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Canada,Correspondence Arielle Mendel, Division of Rheumatology, Montreal General Hospital, 1650 Cedar Avenue, Montreal, Quebec, H3G1A4, Canada
| | - Marvin J. Fritzler
- Department of Medicine, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
| | - Yvan St-Pierre
- Centre for Outcomes Research and Evaluation (CORE), Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Canada
| | - Joyce Rauch
- Division of Rheumatology, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Canada,Centre for Translational Biology, Research Institute of the Mcgill University Health Centre, Montreal, Canada
| | - Sasha Bernatsky
- Division of Rheumatology, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Canada,Centre for Outcomes Research and Evaluation (CORE), Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Canada
| | - Évelyne. Vinet
- Division of Rheumatology, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Canada,Centre for Outcomes Research and Evaluation (CORE), Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Canada
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8
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Pham M, Orsolini G, Crowson C, Snyder M, Pruthi R, Moder K. Anti-phosphatidylserine prothrombin antibodies as a predictor of the lupus anticoagulant in an all-comer population. J Thromb Haemost 2022; 20:2070-2074. [PMID: 35722911 DOI: 10.1111/jth.15792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2021] [Revised: 05/20/2022] [Accepted: 06/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Anti-phosphatidylserine prothrombin antibodies (aPSPT) are reported to be highly associated with the lupus anticoagulant (LAC) in established antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) and systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) cohorts. Further, aPSPT has been suggested to be a useful surrogate LAC marker. However, validation studies replicating this relationship in an all-comer study population in the diagnostic clinical setting are lacking. OBJECTIVES To determine the sensitivity and specificity of aPSPT to the LAC in an all-comer population undergoing evaluation for suspected APS. METHODS An assembled cross-sectional cohort from June 2017 to December 2018 undergoing APS evaluations across all medical specialties were reviewed for LAC, aPSPT, anti-cardiolipin (aCL), and anti-β2 glycoprotein-1 (β2GP1). Sensitivities, specificities, and negative and positive predictive values were calculated. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS A cohort of 166 eligible patients was identified. Seventy-one percent were female, 89% White, 15% with SLE, and 21% with APS. The aPSPT was found to be the most specific to the LAC. Specificity of IgG aPSPT was 100% (96%-100%) and IgM aPSPT was 97% (91%-100%) to the LAC. Corresponding positive predictive value for IgG aPSPT was 100% (89%-100%) and IgM aPSPT was 95% (84%-99%). In contrast, the sensitivities of aPSPT to the LAC were less robust, only in the 40%-50% range. The findings validate previously reported findings and lends extension to an all-comer population. These findings corroborate aPSPT as a potentially useful clinical marker of the LAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Pham
- Department of Rheumatology, Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, Arizona, USA
| | - Giovanni Orsolini
- Department of Medicine, Rheumatology Unit, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Cynthia Crowson
- Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Melissa Snyder
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Rajiv Pruthi
- Department of Hematology and Special Coagulation Laboratory, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Kevin Moder
- Department of Rheumatology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
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Sierra-Galan LM, Bhatia M, Alberto-Delgado AL, Madrazo-Shiordia J, Salcido C, Santoyo B, Martinez E, Soto ME. Cardiac Magnetic Resonance in Rheumatology to Detect Cardiac Involvement Since Early and Pre-clinical Stages of the Autoimmune Diseases: A Narrative Review. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 9:870200. [PMID: 35911548 PMCID: PMC9326004 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.870200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2022] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Autoimmune diseases (ADs) encompass multisystem disorders, and cardiovascular involvement is a well-known feature of autoimmune and inflammatory rheumatic conditions. Unfortunately, subclinical and early cardiovascular involvement remains clinically silent and often undetected, despite its well-documented impact on patient management and prognostication with an even more significant effect on severe and future MACE events as the disease progresses. Cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), today, commands a unique position of supremacy versus its competition in cardiac assessment and is the gold standard for the non-invasive evaluation of cardiac function, structure, morphology, tissue characterization, and flow with the capability of evaluating biventricular function; myocardium for edema, ischemia, fibrosis, infarction; valves for thickening, large masses; pericardial inflammation, pericardial effusions, and tamponade; cardiac cavities for thrombosis; conduction related abnormalities and features of microvascular and large vessel involvement. As precise and early detection of cardiovascular involvement plays a critical role in improving the outcome of rheumatic and autoimmune conditions, our review aims to highlight the evolving role of CMR in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), antiphospholipid syndrome (APS), rheumatoid arthritis (RA), systemic sclerosis (SSc), limited sclerosis (LSc), adult-onset Still's disease (AOSD), polymyositis (PM), dermatomyositis (DM), eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis (EGPA) (formerly Churg-Strauss syndrome), and DRESS syndrome (DS). It draws attention to the need for concerted, systematic global interdisciplinary research to improve future outcomes in autoimmune-related rheumatic conditions with multiorgan, multisystem, and cardiovascular involvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lilia M. Sierra-Galan
- Cardiology Department of the Cardiovascular Division of the American British Cowdray Medical Center, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Mona Bhatia
- Department of Imaging, Fortis Escorts Heart Institute, New Delhi, India
| | | | - Javier Madrazo-Shiordia
- Cardiology Department of the Cardiovascular Division of the American British Cowdray Medical Center, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Carlos Salcido
- Cardiology Department of the Cardiovascular Division of the American British Cowdray Medical Center, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Bernardo Santoyo
- Cardiology Department of the Cardiovascular Division of the American British Cowdray Medical Center, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Eduardo Martinez
- Cardiology Department of the Cardiovascular Division of the American British Cowdray Medical Center, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Maria Elena Soto
- Cardiology Department of the Cardiovascular Division of the American British Cowdray Medical Center, Mexico City, Mexico
- Immunology Department of the National Institute of Cardiology, “Ignacio Chavez”, Mexico City, Mexico
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Sartor R, Capozzoli F, Venturini S, Crapis M, Passadore P, Valente M. Rapidly progressive ischemic strokes and transient antiphospholipid syndrome during a mild SARS-CoV-2 infection. Acta Biomed 2022; 93:e2022107. [PMID: 35671113 PMCID: PMC10510985 DOI: 10.23750/abm.v93is1.12609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2021] [Accepted: 11/24/2021] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
SARS-CoV-2 infection is associated with an increased risk of thrombotic events, especially during severe forms of disease. Here we describe the clinical history of a patient with a mild form of Covid-19 infection presenting with multiple cerebral ischemic lesions that evolved in an atypical way.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Sartor
- a:1:{s:5:"en_US";s:52:"Clinical Neurology, Udine University Hospital, Udine";}.
| | - Francesca Capozzoli
- Department of Neurology, ASFO Santa Maria degli Angeli Hospital of Pordenone, Pordenone, Italy.
| | - Sergio Venturini
- Department of Infectious Diseases, ASFO Santa Maria degli Angeli Hospital of Pordenone, Pordenone, Italy.
| | - Massimo Crapis
- Department of Infectious Diseases, ASFO Santa Maria degli Angeli Hospital of Pordenone, Pordenone, Italy.
| | - Paolo Passadore
- Department of Neurology, ASFO Santa Maria degli Angeli Hospital of Pordenone, Pordenone, Italy.
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Hamadi GM, Lafta SF. Immunological parameters of recurrent miscarriages among women in Thi-Qar province. J Med Life 2022; 15:635-639. [PMID: 35815084 PMCID: PMC9262261 DOI: 10.25122/jml-2021-0388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2021] [Accepted: 03/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Recurrent miscarriage (RM) is defined as the loss of pregnancy three or more consecutive times in the first and second trimester, which in some cases occurs due to immune abnormalities. This study aimed to assess some immunological parameters in women with recurrent miscarriages, including the level of antiphospholipid antibody (APA), anticardiolipin (ACA), antinuclear antibody (ANA), complement C3 and C4, and interleukine-3 (IL-3). We included 100 patients together with 100 healthy women as a control. ELIZA was used to measure some types of autoantibodies. APA and ACA significantly increased (P≤0.05) in patients compared to control. In addition, 29% of the patients were positive for antinuclear antibodies (ANA), while the control subjects had negative results for these autoantibodies. Regarding the complement, the serum levels of C3 and C4 were significantly elevated in the serum level of patients when compared to the control group, but in treated patients (heparin and low-dose aspirin), the levels of the complement (C3 and C4) showed a significant decrease in patients compared to total controls. Cytokine level (IL-3) significantly decreased in untreated patients 302.78 pg/ml compared to treated patients (741.57 pg/ml). Antiphospholipid antibodies are more prevalent among women with recurrent miscarriages and are also believed to be the result of abnormal autoimmune activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ghaneemah Malik Hamadi
- Department of Community Health, Nasiriyah Technical Institute, Southern Technical University, Thi-Qar, Iraq,Corresponding Author: Ghaneemah Malik Hamadi, Department of Community Health, Nasiriyah Technical Institute, Southern Technical University, Thi-Qar, Iraq. E-mail:
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12
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Atalar E, Erden A, Guven SC, Armagan B, Ates İ, Küçüksahin O, Omma A. The clinical significance of antiphospholipid antibodies in COVID-19 infection. J Infect Dev Ctries 2022; 16:276-282. [PMID: 35298422 DOI: 10.3855/jidc.15423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2021] [Accepted: 09/22/2021] [Indexed: 10/31/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION One of the factors that may aggravate the clinical presentation in COVID-19 is the increased level of antiphospholipid antibodies (aPLs) and thrombotic events that can be seen with the disease. In our retrospective study, we aimed to evaluate the effect of aPLs on the clinical findings in patients with a diagnosis of COVID-19. METHODOLOGY Seventy-three patients diagnosed with COVID-19 and examined for aPLs were included in the study. Patients were divided into two groups according to the test results of aPLs. Clinical and laboratory parameters were compared in both groups to reveal whether there was any difference between the groups. RESULTS There were 15 patients with a positive aPLs test. Dyspnea, nausea, vomiting, myalgia, and abdominal pain were significantly higher in the aPLs positive group than those with negative aPLs. The duration of hospital stays and the need for oxygen therapy of the patients in the aPLs positive group were significantly higher than the aPLs negative group. However, no difference was found between the two groups in terms of mechanical ventilation need, intensive care admission rate, thrombosis and mortality. In terms of laboratory findings, those with positive aPLs have higher median C-reactive protein (CRP) and ferritin values than those with negative aPLs. CONCLUSIONS In our study group, we could not find a relationship between aPLs positivity and critical complications. According to our hypothesis, it may not be necessary to routinely examine aPLs in patients with a diagnosis of COVID-19 to determine the risk of thromboembolic complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ebru Atalar
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Ankara City Hospital, Ankara, Turkey.
| | - Abdulsamet Erden
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Ankara City Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Serdar Can Guven
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Ankara City Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Berkan Armagan
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Ankara City Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | - İhsan Ates
- Department of Internal Medicine, Ankara City Hospital, Ankara Turkey
| | - Orhan Küçüksahin
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Ankara City Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Ahmet Omma
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Ankara City Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
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13
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Lonati PA, Bodio C, Scavone M, Martini G, Pesce E, Bandera A, Lombardi A, Gerosa M, Franceschini F, Tincani A, Podda G, Abrignani S, Grifantini R, Cattaneo M, Borghi MO, Meroni PL. Production of anti-PF4 antibodies in antiphospholipid antibody-positive patients is not affected by COVID-19 vaccination. RMD Open 2022; 8:rmdopen-2021-001902. [PMID: 35131751 PMCID: PMC8822540 DOI: 10.1136/rmdopen-2021-001902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2021] [Accepted: 11/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Antibodies against cationic platelet chemokine, platelet factor 4 (PF4/CXCL4), have been described in heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT), but also in patients positive for antiphospholipid antibodies (aPL) even in the absence of heparin treatment and HIT-related clinical manifestations. Anti-PF4 antibodies have been recently described also in subjects who developed thrombosis with thrombocytopenia syndrome (TTS) in association with adenoviral vector-based, but not with mRNA-based, COVID-19 vaccines. OBJECTIVE To investigate whether COVID-19 vaccination affects the production of anti-PF4 antibodies in aPL-positive patients and in control groups. METHODS Anti-PF4 immunoglobulins were detected in patients' and controls' serum samples by ELISA and their ability to activate normal platelets was assessed by the platelet aggregation test. RESULTS Anti-PF4 were found in 9 of 126 aPL-positive patients, 4 of 50 patients with COVID-19, 9 of 49 with other infections, and 1 of 50 aPL-negative patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. Clinical manifestations of TTS were not observed in any aPL patient positive for anti-PF4, whose serum failed to cause platelet aggregation. The administration of COVID-19 vaccines did not affect the production of anti-PF4 immunoglobulins or their ability to cause platelet aggregation in 44 aPL-positive patients tested before and after vaccination. CONCLUSIONS Heparin treatment-independent anti-PF4 antibodies can be found in aPL-positive patients and asymptomatic carriers, but their presence, titre as well as in vitro effect on platelet activation are not affected by COVID-19 vaccination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola Adele Lonati
- Experimental Laboratory of Immunological and Rheumatologic Researches, Istituto Auxologico Italiano Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico, Cusano Milanino, Italy
| | - Caterina Bodio
- Experimental Laboratory of Immunological and Rheumatologic Researches, Istituto Auxologico Italiano Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico, Cusano Milanino, Italy
| | - Mariangela Scavone
- Department of Health Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Giuliana Martini
- Hemostasis Central Laboratory, ASST Spedali Civili di Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Elisa Pesce
- Istituto Nazionale di Genetica Molecolare, Padiglione Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Alessandra Bandera
- Infectious Diseases Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy.,Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Andrea Lombardi
- Infectious Diseases Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy.,Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Maria Gerosa
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy.,Division of Rheumatology, ASST Gaetano Pini, Milano, Italy
| | - Franco Franceschini
- Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology Unit, ASST Spedali Civili di Brescia, Brescia, Italy.,Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Angela Tincani
- Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology Unit, ASST Spedali Civili di Brescia, Brescia, Italy.,Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Gianmarco Podda
- Department of Health Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Sergio Abrignani
- Istituto Nazionale di Genetica Molecolare, Padiglione Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy.,Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Renata Grifantini
- Istituto Nazionale di Genetica Molecolare, Padiglione Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Marco Cattaneo
- Department of Health Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Maria Orietta Borghi
- Experimental Laboratory of Immunological and Rheumatologic Researches, Istituto Auxologico Italiano Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico, Cusano Milanino, Italy.,Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Pier Luigi Meroni
- Experimental Laboratory of Immunological and Rheumatologic Researches, Istituto Auxologico Italiano Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico, Milano, Italy
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14
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Bolla E, Tentolouris N, Sfikakis PP, Tektonidou MG. Cardiovascular risk management in antiphospholipid syndrome: trends over time and comparison with rheumatoid arthritis and diabetes mellitus. Lupus Sci Med 2021; 8:8/1/e000579. [PMID: 34921093 PMCID: PMC8685967 DOI: 10.1136/lupus-2021-000579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2021] [Accepted: 11/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Objective Antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) is characterised by increased cardiovascular morbidity and mortality, related to thrombo-inflammatory and atherogenic mechanisms. We examined the achievement of traditional cardiovascular risk factor (CVRF) therapeutic goals in APS versus other high cardiovascular risk disorders such as rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and diabetes mellitus (DM), and trends over time. Methods 122 patients with APS (74 primary APS, female 68%, mean age 44.5±11.3) were classified according to their first visit (2011–2015 and 2016–2020 APS subgroups, 61 patients in each subgroup) and matched 1:1 for age/sex with patients with RA and DM. Cardiovascular risk was estimated by the Systemic Coronary Risk Evaluation, and the CVRF therapeutic targets were defined according to the European Society of Cardiology (ESC) guidelines. Individual and multiple CVRF control was compared between APS subgroups, and in APS versus RA and DM. Results We found a comparable or higher prevalence of CVRFs between APS and age-matched/sex-matched patients with RA and DM but low CVRF target attainment in APS according to the ESC guidelines. Despite improving trends between 2011–2015 and 2016–2020, CVRF control in high/very high-risk patients with APS was 12%, 18%, 24% and 35% for low-density lipoprotein, waist circumference, exercise and body mass index, respectively, and 59%–65% for triglycerides, high-density lipoprotein (HDL) and blood pressure, in 2016–2020 subgroup. CVRF control was worse in APS versus RA for smoking (p=0.014), HDL (p<0.001), waist circumference (p=0.042) and five CVRFs (p=0.030), and versus DM for exercise (p=0.077). Similar results were found in the sensitivity analysis. Conclusions Comparable prevalence of modifiable CVRFs to RA and DM but suboptimal CVRF target achievement was observed in APS, especially in high/very high-risk patients, highlighting the need for CVRF management strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleana Bolla
- First Department of Propaedeutic Internal Medicine, Joint Academic Rheumatology Program, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Nikolas Tentolouris
- First Department of Propaedeutic Internal Medicine, Joint Academic Rheumatology Program, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Petros P Sfikakis
- First Department of Propaedeutic Internal Medicine, Joint Academic Rheumatology Program, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Maria G Tektonidou
- First Department of Propaedeutic Internal Medicine, Joint Academic Rheumatology Program, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
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15
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Roussotte M, Gerfaud-Valentin M, Hot A, Audia S, Bonnotte B, Thibault T, Lobbes H, Le Guenno G, Goulabchand R, Cathebras P, Varron L, Dufour JF, Deroux A, Compain C, Baudet A, Karkowski L, Pérard L, Ebbo M, Lega JC, Sève P. Immune thrombocytopenia with clinical significance in systemic lupus erythematosus: a retrospective cohort study of 90 patients. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2021; 61:3627-3639. [PMID: 34918048 DOI: 10.1093/rheumatology/keab925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2021] [Revised: 12/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To describe the characteristics, treatment, and outcome of patients with immune thrombocytopenia with clinical significance (ITPCS) associated with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). METHODS This retrospective multicentre study included SLE patients who experienced ≥1 ITPCS (defined as ITP with attributable bleeding disorders and/or a platelet count <30 x109/L). Other causes of secondary thrombocytopenia were excluded. Major bleeding event (MBG) was defined as Khellaf score>8 and/or WHO score>2. RESULTS A total of 90 patients were included, the median (range) follow-up duration was 80 (6-446) months. ITP was diagnosed before SLE in 25 patients. They presented high rate of autoimmune haemolytic anaemia (15%), antiphospholipid antibody (62%), and antiphospholipid syndrome (19%). The 25 (28%) patients who experienced MBG had significantly more bleedings at ITP diagnosis and higher bleeding scores, and serositis and thrombosis during follow-up. They required significantly more treatment lines, transfusions, and hospitalizations. The 11 (12%) patients who experienced no bleeding event presented a significantly more restricted SLE phenotype (cutaneous and/or articular). Patients received a mean (range) of 4.2 (1-11) treatment lines. Corticosteroids and hydroxychloroquine allowed ITPCS overall response in one third of patients. The median relapse-free survival of rituximab (n = 34), azathioprine (n = 19), mycophenolate mofetil (n = 8), thrombopoietin-receptor agonists (n = 16), and splenectomy (n = 19) were 53, 31.5, 61, 24.5, and 78 months, respectively. Four patients experienced thrombotic events after splenectomy and one occurred under thrombopoietin-receptor agonist treatment. CONCLUSION SLE-ITCS patients displayed a high rate of haematological abnormalities and MBG patients exhibited higher morbidity. Management of thrombocytopenia was highly heterogeneous and many options seem viable.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Arnaud Hot
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hospices Civils de Lyon, France
| | - Sylvain Audia
- Department of Internal Medicine, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Dijon, France
| | - Bernard Bonnotte
- Department of Internal Medicine, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Dijon, France
| | - Thomas Thibault
- Department of Internal Medicine, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Dijon, France
| | - Hervé Lobbes
- Department of Internal Medicine, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Guillaume Le Guenno
- Department of Internal Medicine, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Radjiv Goulabchand
- Department of Internal Medicine, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Montpellier, France
| | - Pascal Cathebras
- Department of Internal Medicine, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Saint Etienne, France
| | - Loig Varron
- Department of Internal Medicine, Centre Hospitalier de Montélimar, France
| | | | - Alban Deroux
- Department of Internal Medicine, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Grenoble, France
| | - Caroline Compain
- Department of Internal Medicine, Centre Hospitalier de Chambéry, France
| | - Antoine Baudet
- Department of Internal Medicine, Centre Hospitalier d'Annecy, France
| | - Ludovic Karkowski
- Department of Internal Medicine, Centre Hospitalier Militaire de Desgenettes, Lyon, France
| | - Laurent Pérard
- Department of Internal Medicine, Centre Hospitalier de St. Joseph St. Luc, Lyon, France
| | - Mikael Ebbo
- Department of Internal Medicine, Centre Hospitalier de La Timone, Marseille, France
| | | | - Pascal Sève
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hospices Civils de Lyon, France.,Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Research on Healthcare Performance (RESHAPE), INSERM U1290, Lyon, France
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16
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Liu Y. Correspondence on 'Anticardiolipin and other antiphospholipid antibodies in critically ill COVID-19 positive and negative patients' by Trahtemberg et al. Ann Rheum Dis 2021:annrheumdis-2021-221711. [PMID: 34810196 DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2021-221711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2021] [Accepted: 10/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yudong Liu
- The Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Beijing Institute of Geriatrics, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, National Health Commission, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
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17
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Fritzler MJ, Trahtemberg U. Response to: Correspondence on 'Anticardiolipin and other antiphospholipid antibodies in critically ill COVID-19 positive and negative patients' by Trahtemberg et al. Ann Rheum Dis 2021:annrheumdis-2021-221780. [PMID: 34810195 DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2021-221780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2021] [Accepted: 11/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Marvin J Fritzler
- Medicine, University of Calgary Cumming School of Medicine, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
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18
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Khawaja M, Magder L, Goldman D, Petri MA. Loss of antiphospholipid antibody positivity post-thrombosis in SLE. Lupus Sci Med 2021; 7:7/1/e000423. [PMID: 33023978 PMCID: PMC7539588 DOI: 10.1136/lupus-2020-000423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2020] [Revised: 08/13/2020] [Accepted: 09/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Background/Purpose Loss of positivity of antiphospholipid antibodies has been observed in clinical practice post-thrombosis in patients with SLE with secondary antiphospholipid syndrome (APS). Our study defined the frequency of this loss and the duration before positivity recurred. Methods In this prospective study, patients with SLE having at least two positive antiphospholipid markers prior to thrombosis and at least 1 year of follow-up after thrombosis were included. Antiphospholipid markers included lupus anticoagulant (dilute Russell viper venom test >45 s followed by mixing and confirmatory tests) and/or anticardiolipin titre (aCL IgG ≥20, aCL IgM ≥20 and/or aCL IgA ≥20). The percentage of visits with positive antiphospholipid markers after thrombosis was calculated. For patients with a negative antiphospholipid marker any time after thrombosis, survival estimates were performed to calculate the time to return of antiphospholipid positivity. Results In APS due to SLE, complete loss of antiphospholipid positivity post-thrombosis was up to 41% for aCL IgG, 51% for IgM and 50% for IgA, but only 20% for those with lupus anticoagulant. Of those who at some point lost aCL IgG or became negative for lupus anticoagulant, the majority (60% and 76%, respectively) reacquired the antibody within 5 years. In contrast, of those who lost aCL IgM or IgA, fewer reacquired it within 5 years (37% and 17%, respectively). Conclusion Intermittent positivity of antiphospholipid antibodies is present in APS due to SLE. These fluctuations make it difficult to decide on length of anticoagulation. Lupus anticoagulant is more likely to persist post-thrombosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muznay Khawaja
- Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Laurence Magder
- University of Maryland Medical Center, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Daniel Goldman
- Rheumatology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Michelle A Petri
- Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
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19
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Petri MA, Avci M, Magder LS. Evaluation of different ways to identify persistent positivity of lupus anticoagulant in systemic lupus erythematosus. Lupus Sci Med 2021; 7:7/1/e000406. [PMID: 33139453 PMCID: PMC7607609 DOI: 10.1136/lupus-2020-000406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2020] [Revised: 09/04/2020] [Accepted: 10/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Objective Persistent positivity for lupus anticoagulant has been associated with an increased risk of thrombosis among patients with SLE. Persistent positivity is often defined as having two positive assessments separated by more than 90 days. Our objective was to determine whether frequent repeated lupus anticoagulant testing would identify more patients with persistent positivity, and whether the additional patients identified were still at increased risk of thrombosis. Methods Using a large longitudinal cohort with frequent lupus anticoagulant testing, we compared three different hypothetical clinical strategies for identifying persistent positivity: (1) assessment of lupus anticoagulant twice more than 90 days apart; (2) assessment of lupus anticoagulant annually, with repeat testing if an annual assessment was positive; and (3) assessment of lupus anticoagulant 16 times (approximately quarterly for 4 years). The prevalence of persistent positivity was compared between the approaches and by demographic subgroups. Subgroups based on these definitions were compared with respect to the risk of thrombosis in subsequent follow-up using discrete survival analysis. Results Among the 785 patients included in our analysis, the prevalence of persistent lupus anticoagulant as defined by the first two patient assessments was 4.3%. Annual assessment resulted in a prevalence of 6.6%, and using all 16 assessments resulted in a prevalence of 10.5%. The prevalence was substantially higher in men than in women, and in Caucasians than in African-Americans (p<0.01 for all comparisons). The rate of thrombosis was significantly elevated among those with persistently positive lupus anticoagulant by any definition (HR ranging from 2.75 to 3.42) relative to those without persistently positive lupus anticoagulant. Conclusion While there are other risk factors for thrombosis (including other antiphospholipid subtypes), more frequent testing (not limited to twice over 3 months) for lupus anticoagulant would be useful for identifying more patients with SLE at elevated risk for thrombosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle A Petri
- Division of Rheumatology, Johns Hopkins Medicine School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Mertcan Avci
- Istanbul University Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Laurence S Magder
- School of Medicine, Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, University of Maryland, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
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20
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Zhou Z, You Y, Wang F, Sun Y, Teng J, Liu H, Cheng X, Su Y, Shi H, Yang C, Ye J. Correspondence on "Update on the diagnosis and management of systemic lupus erythematosus" by Fanouriakis et al. Ann Rheum Dis 2021:annrheumdis-2021-220897. [PMID: 34344702 DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2021-220897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Accepted: 07/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhuochao Zhou
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yijun You
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Fan Wang
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yue Sun
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jialin Teng
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Honglei Liu
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaobing Cheng
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yutong Su
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Hui Shi
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Chengde Yang
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Junna Ye
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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21
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Meroni PL, Borghi MO. Antiphospholipid antibodies and COVID-19 thrombotic vasculopathy: one swallow does not make a summer. Ann Rheum Dis 2021; 80:1105-1107. [PMID: 34340980 DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2021-220520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2021] [Accepted: 07/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Pier Luigi Meroni
- Experimental Laboratory of Immunological and Rheumatologic Researches, Istituto Auxologico Italiano-Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico, Milano, Italy
| | - Maria Orietta Borghi
- Experimental Laboratory of Immunological and Rheumatologic Researches, Istituto Auxologico Italiano-Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico, Milano, Italy.,Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
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22
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Rao A, Runde J, Olivas AD, Patton T. Devastating Postpartum Complications in an Adolescent Linked to New-Onset Inflammatory Bowel Disease and Antiphospholipid Antibody Syndrome. JPGN Rep 2021; 2:e105. [PMID: 37205966 PMCID: PMC10191599 DOI: 10.1097/pg9.0000000000000105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2020] [Accepted: 06/09/2021] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Pregnancy can affect the severity of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), and pregnant women with IBD are at a higher risk for venous thromboembolism compared with the general population. We report a previously healthy 16-year-old female who developed bloody diarrhea and venous thromboembolism following childbirth, with further evaluation revealing IBD and antiphospholipid antibody syndrome. This case highlights the impact pregnancy can have on IBD and other immunological disorders, and the potentially life-threatening risk of thrombosis in pregnant women with IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anita Rao
- From the Section of Pediatric Gastroenterology, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL
| | - Joseph Runde
- From the Section of Pediatric Gastroenterology, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL
| | - Andrea D. Olivas
- Section of Gastrointestinal and Hepatic Pathology, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL
| | - Tiffany Patton
- From the Section of Pediatric Gastroenterology, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL
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23
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Many studies reported high prevalence of antiphospholipid antibodies (aPL) in patients with COVID-19 raising questions about its true prevalence and its clinical impact on the disease course. METHODS We conducted a meta-analysis and a systematic review to examine the prevalence of aPL and its clinical impact in patients with COVID-19. RESULTS 21 studies with a total of 1159 patients were included in our meta-analysis. Among patients hospitalised with COVID-19, the pooled prevalence rate of one or more aPL (IgM or IgG or IgA of anticardiolipin (aCL) or anti-ß2 glycoprotein (anti-ß2 GPI) or antiphosphatidylserine/prothrombin, or lupus anticoagulant (LA)) was 46.8% (95% CI 36.1% to 57.8%). The most frequent type of aPL found was LA, with pooled prevalence rate of 50.7% (95% CI 34.8% to 66.5%). Critically ill patients with COVID-19 had significantly higher prevalence of aCL (IgM or IgG) (28.8% vs 7.10%, p<0.0001) and anti-ß2 GPI (IgM or IgG) (12.0% vs 5.8%, p<0.0001) as compared with non-critically ill patients. However, there was no association between aPL positivity and mean levels of C reactive protein (mean difference was 32 (95% CI -15 to 79), p=0.18), D-dimer (mean difference was 34 (95% CI -194 to 273), p=0.77), mortality (1.46 (95% CI 0.29 to 7.29), p=0.65), invasive ventilation (1.22 (95% CI 0.51 to 2.91), p=0.65) and venous thromboembolism (1.38 (95% CI 0.57 to 3.37), p=0.48). CONCLUSIONS aPLs were detected in nearly half of patients with COVID-19, and higher prevalence of aPL was found in severe disease. However, there was no association between aPL positivity and disease outcomes including thrombosis, invasive ventilation and mortality. However, further studies are required to identify the clinical and pathological role of aPL in COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhanad Taha
- Department of Pulmonary/Critical Care, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan, USA
| | - Lobelia Samavati
- Department of Pulmonary/Critical Care, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan, USA
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24
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Kungwankiattichai S, Nakkinkun Y, Owattanapanich W, Ruchutrakool T. High Incidence of Antiphospholipid Antibodies in Newly Diagnosed Patients With Lymphoma and a Proposed aPL Predictive Score. Clin Appl Thromb Hemost 2021; 26:1076029620928392. [PMID: 32633133 PMCID: PMC7495517 DOI: 10.1177/1076029620928392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Given that the presence of antiphospholipid (aPL) antibodies has been proposed to
be associated with thrombosis in newly diagnosed patients with lymphoma, we
conducted a prospective cohort study on these patients. In all, 154 patients
were enrolled. More than half were advanced-stage diffuse large B-cell lymphoma.
Approximately one-third (35.7%) of the patients had the presence of aPLs, with
single-, double-, and triple-aPL positivities of 29.9%, 5.2%, and 0.6%,
respectively. Of the 154 patients, 8 (5.19%) developed symptomatic thrombosis
during follow-up. There were no significant differences in the incidences of
thrombosis for the aPL-positive and aPL-negative groups (5.5% vs 5.1%;
P = 1.000). In a multivariate analysis, patients with male
sex and lymphoma stage IV were significant risk factors for aPL positivity, with
odds ratio [OR] = 2.22 (95% CI: 1.11-4.45), P = .025, and OR:
2.34 (95% CI: 1.17-4.67), P = .016, respectively. An aPL
predictive score of ≥−1 was predictive of aPL positivity, with a sensitivity of
83.6% and specificity of 34.3%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Smith Kungwankiattichai
- Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Yupa Nakkinkun
- Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Weerapat Owattanapanich
- Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Theera Ruchutrakool
- Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
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25
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Trahtemberg U, Rottapel R, Dos Santos CC, Slutsky AS, Baker A, Fritzler MJ. Anticardiolipin and other antiphospholipid antibodies in critically ill COVID-19 positive and negative patients. Ann Rheum Dis 2021; 80:1236-1240. [PMID: 33903092 PMCID: PMC8076626 DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2021-220206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2021] [Revised: 03/16/2021] [Accepted: 04/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Background Reports of severe COVID-19 being associated with thrombosis, antiphospholipid antibodies (APLA), and antiphospholipid syndrome have yielded disparate conclusions. Studies comparing patients with COVID-19 with contemporaneous controls of similar severity are lacking. Methods 22 COVID-19+ and 20 COVID-19– patients with respiratory failure admitted to intensive care were studied longitudinally. Demographic and clinical data were obtained from the day of admission. APLA testing included anticardiolipin (aCL), anti-β2glycoprotien 1 (β2GP1), antidomain 1 β2GP1 and antiphosphatidyl serine/prothrombin complex. Antinuclear antibodies (ANAs) were detected by immunofluorescence and antibodies to cytokines by a commercially available multiplexed array. Analysis of variance was used for continuous variables and Fisher’s exact test was used for categorical variables with α=0.05 and the false discovery rate at q=0.05. Results APLAs were predominantly IgG aCL (48%), followed by IgM (21%) in all patients, with a tendency towards higher frequency among the COVID-19+. aCL was not associated with surrogate markers of thrombosis but IgG aCL was strongly associated with worse disease severity and higher ANA titres regardless of COVID-19 status. An association between aCL and anticytokine autoantibodies tended to be higher among the COVID-19+. Conclusions Positive APLA serology was associated with more severe disease regardless of COVID-19 status. Trial registration number NCT04747782
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Robert Rottapel
- Departments of Medicine and Immunology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Division of Rheumatology, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Claudia C Dos Santos
- Critical Care, St Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Keenan Centre for Biomedical Research, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Interdepartmental Division of Critical Care Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Arthur S Slutsky
- Keenan Centre for Biomedical Research, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Interdepartmental Division of Critical Care Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Andrew Baker
- Critical Care, St Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Keenan Centre for Biomedical Research, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Interdepartmental Division of Critical Care Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Marvin J Fritzler
- Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
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26
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Gao R, Qin L. Correspondence on 'EULAR recommendations for the management of antiphospholipid syndrome in adults'. Ann Rheum Dis 2021; 82:e106. [PMID: 33622692 DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2021-220092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2021] [Accepted: 02/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rui Gao
- Reproductive Medical Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of Education, Sichuan University West China Second University Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Lang Qin
- Reproductive Medical Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of Education, Sichuan University West China Second University Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
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27
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Aringer M, Brinks R, Dörner T, Daikh D, Mosca M, Ramsey-Goldman R, Smolen JS, Wofsy D, Boumpas DT, Kamen DL, Jayne D, Cervera R, Costedoat-Chalumeau N, Diamond B, Gladman DD, Hahn B, Hiepe F, Jacobsen S, Khanna D, Lerstrøm K, Massarotti E, McCune J, Ruiz-Irastorza G, Sanchez-Guerrero J, Schneider M, Urowitz M, Bertsias G, Hoyer BF, Leuchten N, Schmajuk G, Tani C, Tedeschi SK, Touma Z, Anic B, Assan F, Chan TM, Clarke AE, Crow MK, Czirják L, Doria A, Graninger W, Halda-Kiss B, Hasni S, Izmirly PM, Jung M, Kumánovics G, Mariette X, Padjen I, Pego-Reigosa JM, Romero-Diaz J, Rúa-Figueroa Í, Seror R, Stummvoll GH, Tanaka Y, Tektonidou MG, Vasconcelos C, Vital EM, Wallace DJ, Yavuz S, Meroni PL, Fritzler MJ, Naden R, Costenbader K, Johnson SR. European League Against Rheumatism (EULAR)/American College of Rheumatology (ACR) SLE classification criteria item performance. Ann Rheum Dis 2021; 80:775-781. [PMID: 33568386 DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2020-219373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2020] [Revised: 01/21/2021] [Accepted: 01/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES The European League Against Rheumatism (EULAR)/American College of Rheumatology (ACR) 2019 classification criteria for systemic lupus erythematosus system showed high specificity, while attaining also high sensitivity. We hereby analysed the performance of the individual criteria items and their contribution to the overall performance of the criteria. METHODS We combined the EULAR/ACR derivation and validation cohorts for a total of 1197 systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and n=1074 non-SLE patients with a variety of conditions mimicking SLE, such as other autoimmune diseases, and calculated the sensitivity and specificity for antinuclear antibodies (ANA) and the 23 specific criteria items. We also tested performance omitting the EULAR/ACR criteria attribution rule, which defines that items are only counted if not more likely explained by a cause other than SLE. RESULTS Positive ANA, the new entry criterion, was 99.5% sensitive, but only 19.4% specific, against a non-SLE population that included other inflammatory rheumatic, infectious, malignant and metabolic diseases. The specific criteria items were highly variable in sensitivity (from 0.42% for delirium and 1.84% for psychosis to 75.6% for antibodies to double-stranded DNA), but their specificity was uniformly high, with low C3 or C4 (83.0%) and leucopenia <4.000/mm³ (83.8%) at the lowest end. Unexplained fever was 95.3% specific in this cohort. Applying the attribution rule improved specificity, particularly for joint involvement. CONCLUSIONS Changing the position of the highly sensitive, non-specific ANA to an entry criterion and the attribution rule resulted in a specificity of >80% for all items, explaining the higher overall specificity of the criteria set.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Aringer
- University Medical Center and Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medicine III, Division of Rheumatology, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Ralph Brinks
- Policlinic and Hiller Research Unit for Rheumatology, Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Thomas Dörner
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - David Daikh
- Oregon Health and Sciences University and Portland VA Health Care System, Portland, Oregon, USA
| | - Marta Mosca
- Rheumatology Unit, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria Pisana, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Rosalind Ramsey-Goldman
- Medicine/ Rheumatology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | | | - David Wofsy
- Russell/ Engleman Rheumatology Research Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | | | - Diane L Kamen
- Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA
| | - David Jayne
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - R Cervera
- Department of Autoimmune Diseases, Hospital Clínic, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Nathalie Costedoat-Chalumeau
- Internal Medicine, Centre de référence maladies auto-immunes et systémiques rares d'île de France, Cochin Hospital, Université Paris Descartes-Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Betty Diamond
- The Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Manhasset, New York, USA
| | - Dafna D Gladman
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Bevra Hahn
- Rheumatology, UCLA School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Falk Hiepe
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Søren Jacobsen
- Copenhagen Lupus and Vasculitis Clinic, Center for Rheumatology and Spine Diseases, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Dinesh Khanna
- Division of Rheumatology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | | | - Elena Massarotti
- Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Joseph McCune
- Division of Rheumatology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Guillermo Ruiz-Irastorza
- Autoimmune Diseases Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute, Hospital Universitario Cruces, UPV/EHU, Bizkaia, The Basque Country, Spain
| | - Jorge Sanchez-Guerrero
- Immunology and Rheumatology, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Medicas y Nutricion, Mexico City, Mexico.,Department of Medicine, Mount Sinai Hospital/University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Matthias Schneider
- Policlinic and Hiller Research Unit for Rheumatology, Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Murray Urowitz
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Toronto Western Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - George Bertsias
- Rheumatology, Clinical Immunology and Allergy, University of Crete School of Medicine, Heraklion, Greece.,Laboratory of Autoimmunity-Inflammation, Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Heraklion, Greece
| | - Bimba F Hoyer
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, University of Schleswig-Holstein at Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Nicolai Leuchten
- University Medical Center and Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medicine III, Division of Rheumatology, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Gabriela Schmajuk
- Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, University of California at San Francisco and the VA Medical Center, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Chiara Tani
- Rheumatology Unit, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria Pisana, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Sara K Tedeschi
- Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Zahi Touma
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Branimir Anic
- Division of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of Zagreb School of Medicine and University Hospital Centre Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Florence Assan
- INSERM UMR 1163, Université Paris Sud, Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris-Sud, AP-HP, INSERM UMR 1184, Paris, France
| | - Tak Mao Chan
- Department of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong
| | - Ann Elaine Clarke
- Division of Rheumatology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Mary K Crow
- Mary Kirkland Center for Lupus Research, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, New York, USA
| | - László Czirják
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Andrea Doria
- Division of Rheumatology, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | | | | | - Sarfaraz Hasni
- Lupus Clinical Research Program, Office of the Clinical Director, National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Peter M Izmirly
- Rheumatology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Michelle Jung
- Division of Rheumatology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Gábor Kumánovics
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Xavier Mariette
- Rheumatology, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Hôpitaux universitaires Paris-Sud - Hôpital Bicêtre, Le Kremlin Bicêtre, France.,Université Paris-Sud, Center for Immunology of Viral Infections and Auto-immune Diseases (IMVA), Institut pour la Santé et la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) UMR 1184, Université Paris-Saclay, Le Kremlin Bicêtre, France
| | - Ivan Padjen
- Division of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of Zagreb School of Medicine and University Hospital Centre Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - José M Pego-Reigosa
- Department of Rheumatology, University Hospital of Vigo, IRIDIS Group, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Galicia Sur (IISGS), Vigo, Spain
| | - Juanita Romero-Diaz
- Immunology and Rheumatology, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Medicas y Nutricion, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Íñigo Rúa-Figueroa
- Rheumatology, Doctor Negrín University Hospital, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Las Palmas, Spain
| | - Raphaèle Seror
- Université Paris Sud, Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris-Sud, AP-HP, INSERM UMR 1184, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
| | | | - Yoshiya Tanaka
- First Department of Internal Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, Japan
| | - Maria G Tektonidou
- Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Carlos Vasconcelos
- Centro Hospitalar do Porto, ICBAS, UMIB, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Edward M Vital
- Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK.,NIHR Leeds Biomedical Research Centre, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Leeds, UK
| | - Daniel J Wallace
- Division of Rheumatology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Sule Yavuz
- Rheumatology, Istanbul Bilim Universitesi, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Pier Luigi Meroni
- Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology Unit, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Milan, Italy
| | - Marvin J Fritzler
- Fcaulty of Medicine, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Ray Naden
- McMaster University Faculty of Health Sciences, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Karen Costenbader
- Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Sindhu R Johnson
- Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada .,Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Toronto Western Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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28
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Baker SA, Jin J, Pfaffroth C, Vu T, Zehnder JL. DOAC-Stop in lupus anticoagulant testing: Direct oral anticoagulant interference removed in most samples. Res Pract Thromb Haemost 2021; 5:314-325. [PMID: 33733031 PMCID: PMC7938630 DOI: 10.1002/rth2.12472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2020] [Revised: 11/14/2020] [Accepted: 11/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The use of direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) is a convenient therapeutic option for patients at risk of thrombosis. DOACs interfere with clot-based testing for the identification of lupus anticoagulant antibodies (LACs) in patients with antiphospholipid syndrome (APS), a common cause of acquired thrombotic disease. OBJECTIVES To evaluate a commercially available reagent DOAC-Stop for the removal of DOAC interference encountered in LAC testing. PATIENTS/METHODS We collected a cohort of 73 test samples from patients on DOAC therapy identified at a large institutional coagulation laboratory from March to December 2019, along with samples from 40 LAC positive and negative control patients not on therapy. Samples were treated with DOAC-Stop and tested for anti-Xa activity and thrombin time for the removal of apixaban, rivaroxaban, argatroban, and dabigatran activity from patient samples. Treated and untreated samples were tested using the activated partial thromboplastin time, silica clotting time, and dilute Russell's viper venom time to evaluate the reliability and utility of DOAC-Stop. RESULTS DOAC-Stop markedly reduced DOAC interference from test samples (P < .05). DOAC-Stop had no effect on LAC testing in the absence of DOAC therapy, permitting the identification of all LAC positive and negative controls. DOAC-Stop removed false positives and false negatives resulting from DOAC interference and allows the identification of patients meeting criteria for the diagnosis of APS by LAC testing, as well as the detection of patients on rivaroxaban who are triple positive for APS. CONCLUSIONS DOAC-Stop is an effective adjunct for the clinical laboratory faced with DOAC interference in LAC testing.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jing Jin
- Department of Special Coagulation Clinical LaboratoryStanford Health CarePalo AltoCAUSA
| | - Christopher Pfaffroth
- Department of Special Coagulation Clinical LaboratoryStanford Health CarePalo AltoCAUSA
| | - Trang Vu
- Department of Special Coagulation Clinical LaboratoryStanford Health CarePalo AltoCAUSA
| | - James L. Zehnder
- Department of PathologyStanford University School of MedicineStanfordCAUSA
- Division of HematologyStanford University School of MedicineStanfordCAUSA
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29
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You Y, Shi C, Zhou Z, Wang F, Sun Y, Teng J, Liu H, Cheng X, Su Y, Shi H, Yang C, Ye J. Rituximab in thrombotic primary antiphospholipid syndrome: a pilot study from a single centre in China. Ann Rheum Dis 2021; 80:820-822. [PMID: 33452001 DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2020-219303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2020] [Revised: 01/08/2021] [Accepted: 01/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yijun You
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ce Shi
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhuochao Zhou
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Fan Wang
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yue Sun
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jialin Teng
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Honglei Liu
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaobing Cheng
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yutong Su
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Hui Shi
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Chengde Yang
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Junna Ye
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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30
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Tektonidou MG, Tincani A, Ward MM. Response to: 'Correspondence on 'EULAR recommendations for the management of antiphospholipid syndrome in adults' by Zhou et al. Ann Rheum Dis 2020; 81:e249. [PMID: 33004328 DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2020-219048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2020] [Accepted: 09/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Maria G Tektonidou
- First Department of Propaedeutic and Internal Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens School of Health Sciences, Athens, Greece
| | - Angela Tincani
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Michael M Ward
- Intramural Research Program, National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
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31
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Devreese KMJ, Linskens EA, Benoit D, Peperstraete H. Antiphospholipid antibodies in patients with COVID-19: A relevant observation? J Thromb Haemost 2020; 18:2191-2201. [PMID: 32619328 PMCID: PMC7361253 DOI: 10.1111/jth.14994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 123] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2020] [Revised: 06/26/2020] [Accepted: 07/01/2020] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND High incidence of thrombosis in COVID-19 patients indicates a hypercoagulable state. Hence, exploring the involvement of antiphospholipid antibodies (aPL) in these patients is of interest. OBJECTIVES To illustrate the incidence of criteria (lupus anticoagulant [LAC], anticardiolipin [aCL] immunoglobulin G [IgG]/IgM, antibeta2-glycoprotein I antibodies [aβ2GPI] IgG/IgM) and noncriteria (anti-phosphatidyl serine/prothrombin [aPS/PT], aCL, and aβ2GPI IgA) aPL in a consecutive cohort of critically ill SARS-CoV-2 patients, their association with thrombosis, antibody profile and titers of aPL. PATIENTS/METHODS Thirty-one consecutive confirmed COVID-19 patients admitted to the intensive care unit were included. aPL were measured at one time point, with part of the aPL-positive patients retested after 1 month. RESULTS Sixteen patients were single LAC-positive, two triple-positive, one double-positive, one single aCL, and three aCL IgG and LAC positive. Seven of nine thrombotic patients had at least one aPL. Sixteen of 22 patients without thrombosis were aPL positive, amongst them two triple positives. Nine of 10 retested LAC-positive patients were negative on a second occasion, as well as the double-positive patient. Seven patients were aPS/PT-positive associated to LAC. Three patients were aCL and aβ2GPI IgA-positive. CONCLUSION Our observations support the frequent single LAC positivity during (acute phase) observed in COVID-19 infection; however, not clearly related to thrombotic complications. Triple aPL positivity and high aCL/aβ2GPI titers are rare. Repeat testing suggests aPL to be mostly transient. Further studies and international registration of aPL should improve understanding the role of aPL in thrombotic COVID-19 patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katrien M J Devreese
- Coagulation Laboratory, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
- Department of Diagnostic Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Eleni A Linskens
- Coagulation Laboratory, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Dominique Benoit
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
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Alijotas-Reig J, Esteve-Valverde E, Ferrer-Oliveras R, Sáez-Comet L, Lefkou E, Mekinian A, Belizna C, Ruffatti A, Hoxha A, Tincani A, Nalli C, Marozio L, Maina A, Espinosa G, Ríos-Garcés R, Cervera R, Carolis SD, Monteleone G, Latino O, Udry S, LLurba E, Garrido-Gimenez C, Trespidi L, Gerosa M, Chighizola CB, Rovere-Querini P, Canti V, Mayer-Pickel K, Tabacco S, Arnau A, Trapé J, Ruiz-Hidalgo D, Sos L, Farran-Codina I. Comparative study of obstetric antiphospholipid syndrome (OAPS) and non-criteria obstetric APS (NC-OAPS): report of 1640 cases from the EUROAPS registry. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2020; 59:1306-1314. [PMID: 31580459 DOI: 10.1093/rheumatology/kez419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2019] [Revised: 08/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To compare clinical features, laboratory data and fetal-maternal outcomes between 1000 women with obstetric APS (OAPS) and 640 with aPL-related obstetric complications not fulfilling Sydney criteria (non-criteria OAPS, NC-OAPS). METHODS This was a retrospective and prospective multicentre study from the European Registry on Obstetric Antiphospholipid Syndrome. RESULTS A total of 1650 women with 5251 episodes, 3601 of which were historical and 1650 latest episodes, were included. Altogether, 1000 cases (OAPS group) fulfilled the Sydney classification criteria and 650 (NC-OAPS group) did not. Ten NC-OAPS cases were excluded for presenting thrombosis during follow-up. All cases were classified as category I (triple positivity or double positivity for aPL) or category II (simple positivity). Overall, aPL laboratory categories showed significant differences: 29.20% in OAPS vs 17.96% in NC-OAPS (P < 0.0001) for category I, and 70.8% in OAPS vs 82% in NC-OAPS (P < 0.0001) for category II. Significant differences were observed when current obstetric complications were compared (P < 0.001). However, major differences between groups were not observed in treatment rates, livebirths and thrombotic complications. In the NC-OAPS group, 176/640 (27.5%) did not fulfil Sydney clinical criteria (subgroup A), 175/640 (27.34%) had a low titre and/or non-persistent aPL positivity but did meet the clinical criteria (subgroup B) and 289/640 (45.15%) had a high aPL titre but did not fulfil Sydney clinical criteria (subgroup C). CONCLUSION Significant clinical and laboratory differences were found between groups. Fetal-maternal outcomes were similar in both groups when treated. These results suggest that we could improve our clinical practice with better understanding of NC-OAPS patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaume Alijotas-Reig
- Systemic Autoimmune Disease Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Vall d'Hebron University Hospital, Barcelona.,Department of Medicine, Universitat Autònoma, Barcelona
| | - Enrique Esteve-Valverde
- Internal Medicine Department, Althaia Healthcare University Network of Manresa, Systemic Autoimmune Disease Unit, Manresa, Barcelona
| | | | - Luis Sáez-Comet
- Internal Medicine Department, Miguel Servet University Hospital, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Elmina Lefkou
- Haematology Unit, Hippokration Hospital of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Arsène Mekinian
- AP-HP, Hôpital Saint-Antoine, Service de médecine interne and Inflammation-Immunopathology-Biotherapy Department (DHU i2B), Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ, Paris
| | - Cristina Belizna
- Vascular and Coagulation Department, University Hospital Angers and CNRS, 6015 INSERM 1083 Unit, Angers, France
| | - Amelia Ruffatti
- Rheumatology Unit, Department of Medicine-DIMED, University of Padua, Padua
| | - Ariela Hoxha
- Rheumatology Unit, Department of Medicine-DIMED, University of Padua, Padua
| | - Angela Tincani
- Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, Brescia
| | - Cecilia Nalli
- Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, Brescia
| | - Luca Marozio
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Università di Torino, Torino
| | - Aldo Maina
- Department of Internal Medicine, AO Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, Turin, Italy
| | - Gerard Espinosa
- Department of Autoimmune Diseases, Hospital Clinic, Institut de Recerca Biomèdica August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Roberto Ríos-Garcés
- Department of Autoimmune Diseases, Hospital Clinic, Institut de Recerca Biomèdica August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ricard Cervera
- Department of Autoimmune Diseases, Hospital Clinic, Institut de Recerca Biomèdica August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sara De Carolis
- UOC di Patologia Ostetrica, Dipartimento Scienze della Salute della Donna, del Bambino e di Sanità Pubblica, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome.,Istituto di Clinica Ostetrica e Ginecologica, Universita Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Giuseppina Monteleone
- UOC di Patologia Ostetrica, Dipartimento Scienze della Salute della Donna, del Bambino e di Sanità Pubblica, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome
| | - Omar Latino
- Autoimmune, Thrombophilic Diseases and Pregnancy Division, Dr Carlos G. Durand Hospital, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Sebastian Udry
- Autoimmune, Thrombophilic Diseases and Pregnancy Division, Dr Carlos G. Durand Hospital, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Elisa LLurba
- Obstetrics and Gynaecology Department, High Risk Unit, University Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Carmen Garrido-Gimenez
- Obstetrics and Gynaecology Department, High Risk Unit, University Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Laura Trespidi
- Obstetrics and Gynaecology Department, Fondazione IRCCS Cà Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan
| | - Maria Gerosa
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Milan
| | | | - Patrizia Rovere-Querini
- Pregnancy and Rheumatic Diseases Clinic Unit of Medicine and Clinical Immunology IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele Università Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan
| | - Valentina Canti
- Pregnancy and Rheumatic Diseases Clinic Unit of Medicine and Clinical Immunology IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele Università Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan
| | | | - Sara Tabacco
- Department of Gynecology Obstetrics and Urology, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Anna Arnau
- Clinical Research Unit, Althaia Healthcare University Network of Manresa, University of Vic - Central University of Catalonia, Barcelona
| | - Jaume Trapé
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Althaia Healthcare University Network of Manresa, University of Vic - Central University of Catalonia, Barcelona
| | - Domingo Ruiz-Hidalgo
- Internal Medicine Department, Althaia Healthcare Network of Manresa, Manresa, University of Vic - Central University of Catalonia, Barcelona
| | - Laia Sos
- Urology Department. Andrology and Male Reproductive Unit, Vilafranca del Penedès Hospital, Barcelona
| | - Inmaculada Farran-Codina
- Obstetrics and Gynaecology Department, Vall d'Hebron University Hospital, Department of Medicine, Universitat Autònoma, Barcelona, Spain
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Mathian A, Pineton De Chambrun M, Combes A, Amoura Z. Response to: 'Presence of anti-phospholipid antibodies in COVID-19: a case series study' by Amezcua-Guerra et al. Ann Rheum Dis 2020; 80:e74. [PMID: 32753427 DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2020-218145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2020] [Accepted: 07/22/2020] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Alexis Mathian
- Sorbonne Université, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Groupement Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, French National Referral Center for Systemic Lupus Erythematosus, Antiphospholipid Antibody Syndrome and Other Autoimmune Disorders, Service de Médecine Interne 2, Institut E3M, Inserm UMRS, Centre d'Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses (CIMI-Paris), Paris, France
| | - Marc Pineton De Chambrun
- Sorbonne Université, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Groupement Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, Institut de Cardiométabolisme et Nutrition (ICAN), Service de Médecine Intensive-Réanimation, Inserm UMRS1166, Paris, France
| | - Alain Combes
- Sorbonne Université, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Groupement Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, Institut de Cardiométabolisme et Nutrition (ICAN), Service de Médecine Intensive-Réanimation, Inserm UMRS1166, Paris, France
| | - Zahir Amoura
- Sorbonne Université, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Groupement Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, French National Referral Center for Systemic Lupus Erythematosus, Antiphospholipid Antibody Syndrome and Other Autoimmune Disorders, Service de Médecine Interne 2, Institut E3M, Inserm UMRS, Centre d'Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses (CIMI-Paris), Paris, France
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ValdÉs Corona LF, DÍaz BorjÓn A. Mononeuritis Multiplex Associated With Antiphospholipid Antibodies. Arch Rheumatol 2020; 35:146-8. [PMID: 32637932 DOI: 10.5606/ArchRheumatol.2020.7604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2019] [Accepted: 05/30/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
In this article, we report the case of a 43-year-old male patient with mononeuritis multiplex associated with antiphospholipid antibodies. The patient had no other clinical or laboratory features of other systemic or autoimmune diseases or systemic vasculitis. He was treated with oral anticoagulant and mycophenolate mofetil, and is progressing favorably.
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Abstract
Congenital protein C deficiency is an important cause of thrombosis in humans but is not described in dogs. A 4‐year‐old Hungarian Vizsla was presented for investigation of acute onset of ascites. Computed tomography of the chest and abdomen and echocardiography confirmed a large thrombus within the right ventricle. A cause for thrombosis was not initially identified. The clinical signs resolved rapidly and the dog was administered clopidogrel and discharged. Plasma protein C activity measured 2 and 6 weeks later was markedly lower than expected on both occasions. All known causes of acquired protein C deficiency were excluded, and the dog was diagnosed with a congenital protein C deficiency. After diagnosis, the administration of clopidogrel was stopped and administration of rivaroxaban was started. The dog remains well with no evidence of recurrent thrombosis with 6 months of follow‐up.
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Affiliation(s)
- Darren Kelly
- Southern Counties Veterinary Specialists, Forest Corner Farm, Hampshire, UK
| | - Florence Juvet
- Southern Counties Veterinary Specialists, Forest Corner Farm, Hampshire, UK
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36
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Serrano M, Morán L, Martinez-Flores JA, Mancebo E, Pleguezuelo D, Cabrera-Marante O, Delgado J, Serrano A. Immune Complexes of Beta-2-Glycoprotein I and IgA Antiphospholipid Antibodies Identify Patients With Elevated Risk of Thrombosis and Early Mortality After Heart Transplantation. Front Immunol 2019; 10:2891. [PMID: 31921152 PMCID: PMC6935976 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.02891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2018] [Accepted: 11/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The presence of anti-Beta 2 glycoprotein antibodies (aB2GP1) of IgA isotype is common in patients with functional impairment of the organs in which B2GP1 is elaborated. Pretransplant IgA aB2GP1 has been associated with increased risk of thrombosis in kidney and heart transplanted patients and has also been related with early mortality after heart transplantation. Circulating immune complexes between IgA and B2GP1 (B2A-CIC) have been described in the blood of patients positive for IgA aB2GP1 with thrombotic clinical symptoms. In kidney transplanted patients, B2A-CIC is a biomarker that predicts which patients IgA aB2GP1 positive are at risk of thrombosis events following kidney transplantation and may lead to early prophylactic treatment. The prevalence of B2A-CIC and its relation with outcomes after heart transplantation is not known. Methods: Follow-up study based on 151 consecutive patients who received a heart transplant. Autoantibodies and B2A-CIC were quantified in pre-transplant serum samples. Three groups of patients were followed-up for 2 years: Group-1, positive for IgA aB2GP1 and B2A-CIC (N = 19). Group-2, only positive for IgA aB2GP1 (N = 28). Group-0 (control group): IgA aB2GP1 negative (N = 104). Results: Kaplan-Meir survival analysis showed that mortality in B2A-CIC positive was higher than group-0 at 3 months (HR:5.08; 95%CI: 1.36–19.01) and at 2 years (HR:3.82; 95%CI: 1.54–12.66). No significant differences were observed between group-2 and group-0. Multivariate analysis identified B2A-CIC as the most important independent risk factor for early mortality (OR = 6.12; 95% CI: 1.93–19.4). Post-transplant incidence of thrombosis was significantly higher in B2A-CIC positive patients than in the control group (OR: 6.42; 95%CI: 2.1–19.63). Multivariate analysis identified the presence of B2A-CIC (OR: 6.13; 95%CI: 2.1–19.63) and the pre-transplant habit of smoking actively (OR: 4.18; 95%CI: 1.35–12.94) as independent risk factor for thrombosis. The proportion of patients who had thrombotic events or died in the first trimester was significantly higher in group-1 (73.7%) than in group-0 (16.3%; p < 0.001) and in group-2 (39.3%; p = 0.02). Multivariate analysis identified B2A-CIC as the main independent risk factor for early outcomes (mortality or thrombosis) in the first 3 months after heart transplant (OR = 11.42, 95% CI: 1.69–9.68). Conclusion: B2A-CIC are a predictor of early mortality and thrombosis after heart transplant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuel Serrano
- Immunology Department, Healthcare Research Institute, Hospital "12 de Octubre", Madrid, Spain.,Immunology Department, Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Madrid, Spain
| | - Laura Morán
- Cardiology Department, CIBERCV, Facultad de Medicina, Healthcare Research Institute, Hospital "12 de Octubre", Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Esther Mancebo
- Immunology Department, Healthcare Research Institute, Hospital "12 de Octubre", Madrid, Spain
| | - Daniel Pleguezuelo
- Immunology Department, Healthcare Research Institute, Hospital "12 de Octubre", Madrid, Spain
| | - Oscar Cabrera-Marante
- Immunology Department, Healthcare Research Institute, Hospital "12 de Octubre", Madrid, Spain
| | - Juan Delgado
- Cardiology Department, CIBERCV, Facultad de Medicina, Healthcare Research Institute, Hospital "12 de Octubre", Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Antonio Serrano
- Immunology Department, Healthcare Research Institute, Hospital "12 de Octubre", Madrid, Spain.,Biomedical Research Centre Network for Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
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Ramirez GA, Canti V, Del Rosso S, Erra R, Moiola L, Magnoni M, Bozzolo EP, Manfredi AA, Rovere-Querini P. Diagnostic performance of aPS/PT antibodies in neuropsychiatric lupus and cardiovascular complications of systemic lupus erythematosus. Autoimmunity 2019; 53:21-27. [PMID: 31782311 DOI: 10.1080/08916934.2019.1696778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Background: Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is associated with a constellation of complications affecting multiple organs, including neuropsychiatric manifestations (NPSLE) and ischaemic events, leading to increased long-term morbidity. Antiphospholipid antibodies (aPL) are a major determinant of vascular inflammation and thromboembolic risk. The diagnostic role of anti-phosphatidylserine/prothrombin (aPS/PT) antibodies in this setting is incompletely defined.Aim: To verify whether aPS/PT add to diagnostics and disease stratification in patients with SLE with or without other aPL.Methods: 131 consecutive patients were studied, including 20 patients with SLE and secondary antiphospholipid syndrome (APS). aPS/PT IgG and IgM were assessed through ELISA and patients were stratified based on the presence of other aPL, on their clinical and laboratory features at time of blood sampling and on their clinical history. Synthetic indices of disease activity, chronic damage and cardiovascular risk were calculated at time of venipuncture.Results: Fifty-one (38.9%) patients with SLE had aPS/PT and 15 (11.5%) patients had aPS/PT as the only aPL (aPS/PT-only). aPS/PT-only patients had a significantly higher prevalence of NPSLE than quadruple aPL-negative patients (p = .007). Patients with aPS/PT were more likely to have a history of ischaemia, thrombocytopenia and Libman-Sacks' endocarditis. The presence of aPS/PT also associated with previous accrual of at least one damage item (p = .043), but had limited predictive values for damage progression in the short term.Conclusion: aPS/PT antibodies provide non-redundant information that could contribute to risk assessment and stratification of patients with SLE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe A Ramirez
- Università Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy.,Unit of Immunology, Rheumatology, Allergy and Rare Diseases, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy.,Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Immunity, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Valentina Canti
- Università Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy.,Unit of Immunology, Rheumatology, Allergy and Rare Diseases, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy.,Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Immunity, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Stefania Del Rosso
- Laboratory Medicine, Autoimmunity Section, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Roberta Erra
- Università Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy.,Unit of Immunology, Rheumatology, Allergy and Rare Diseases, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy.,Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Immunity, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Lucia Moiola
- Department of Neurology, Division of Neuroscience, Institute of Experimental Neurology, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Marco Magnoni
- Cardiothoracic and Vascular Department, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Enrica P Bozzolo
- Unit of Immunology, Rheumatology, Allergy and Rare Diseases, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy.,Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Immunity, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Angelo A Manfredi
- Università Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy.,Unit of Immunology, Rheumatology, Allergy and Rare Diseases, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy.,Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Immunity, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Patrizia Rovere-Querini
- Università Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy.,Unit of Immunology, Rheumatology, Allergy and Rare Diseases, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy.,Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Immunity, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
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Zhu H, Wang M, Dong Y, Hu H, Zhang Q, Qiao C, Xie X, Fan F, Zeng J, Jia Y, Chen L, Liu J, Li L, Zhai Y, Zhao Z, Shen M, Cao Z. Detection of non-criteria autoantibodies in women without apparent causes for pregnancy loss. J Clin Lab Anal 2019; 33:e22994. [PMID: 31402484 PMCID: PMC6868457 DOI: 10.1002/jcla.22994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2019] [Revised: 07/12/2019] [Accepted: 07/16/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Some of the non‐criteria autoantibodies, especially non‐conventional antiphospholipid (aPL) antibodies, were present with high prevalence in sporadic miscarriages and recurrent pregnant loss. However, whether these autoantibodies are associated with miscarriage patients without apparent causes remain unclear. Methods The subjects were recruited from the female patients visiting the Infertility Center at the Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital from January 2017 to March 2018. The women who experienced one sporadic miscarriage (n = 89) or recurrent pregnancy loss (n = 125) were enrolled. The control participants (n = 59) were those women with normal pregnancy history and with no miscarriage or thrombosis experience. The collected serum specimens from above patients and controls were subjected to the 13 non‐criteria autoantibody examinations, targeting non‐conventional phospholipids, thyroid, sperm, endometrial, and anti‐nuclear antigens. Results When compared with the controls, the following non‐criteria antibodies stood out in present study with significantly increased frequency and were listed in the order of decreasing positive rates: aPE IgM (40.0%), ANA (15.2%), aEM IgG (13.6%), aPE IgG (12.8%), and aPT IgM (10.4%). Except for ANA, the presence of aPE IgM, aEM IgG, aPE IgG, and aPT IgM was not associated with positivity of LA tests. In receiver operating characteristic analyses, the combined aPE IgG and aEM IgG biomarker panel had the best discriminating power between miscarriage patients and healthy controls. Conclusion Our findings suggested that the non‐criteria could be included as part of the pregnancy loss evaluation when apparent causes are absent, and the conventional aPLs tests failed to provide interpretations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongyuan Zhu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Meng Wang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Ying Dong
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Honghai Hu
- Guangzhou Kangrun Biotech Co. Ltd., Guangdong, China
| | - Qiaoli Zhang
- Department of Human Reproductive Medicine, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Chen Qiao
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xin Xie
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Fei Fan
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Jiazi Zeng
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yan Jia
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Lu Chen
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Jingrui Liu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Lin Li
- Central Laboratory, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yanhong Zhai
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhen Zhao
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Min Shen
- Reference Laboratory, MedicalSystem Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Ningbo, China
| | - Zheng Cao
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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39
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Abstract
Splenic infarction is a rare cause of abdominal pain. We herein reported a unique case of a 30-year-old male patient who developed a splenic infarct during the acute phase of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-associated infectious mononucleosis (IM) and was subsequently found to have the presence of antiphospholipid antibodies (APA).
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Affiliation(s)
- Salman Khan
- Internal Medicine, Guthrie Clinic/Robert Packer Hospital, Sayre, USA
| | - Shakir Saud
- Family Medicine, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, USA
| | - Imran Khan
- Internal Medicine, North Shore University Hospital, Hempstead, USA
| | - Sheela Prabhu
- Internal Medicine, Guthrie Clinic/Robert Packer Hospital, Sayre, USA
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40
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Pérez D, Stojanovich L, Naranjo L, Stanisavljevic N, Bogdanovic G, Serrano M, Serrano A. Presence of Immune Complexes of IgG/IgM Bound to B2-glycoprotein I Is Associated With Non-criteria Clinical Manifestations in Patients With Antiphospholipid Syndrome. Front Immunol 2018; 9:2644. [PMID: 30524428 PMCID: PMC6256181 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.02644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2018] [Accepted: 10/26/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) is an acquired autoimmune disorder defined by the presence of both clinical (thromboembolic events or pregnancy morbidity) and laboratory (antiphospholipid antibodies, aPL) manifestations. Despite their importance, several clinical manifestations strongly associated with APS such as livedo reticularis (LR), thrombocytopenia, sicca-ophthalmic(sicca), heart, or neurological manifestations are not included in the APS clinical classification criteria. Circulating immune complexes (CIC) formed by Beta-2-glycoprotein I (B2GPI) and aPL (B2-CIC) have been described and their presence has been related with thrombotic events. Methods: Cross-sectional and observational cohort study in APS patients with thrombotic symptomatology. Setting and Participants: Fifty-seven patients from the University Hospital Center Bezanijska Kosa (Belgrade, Serbia) who met the APS classification criteria (35 with primary APS and 22 with APS associated to systemic lupus erythematosus). This study aimed to determine the prevalence of B2-CIC in APS patients and to evaluate their association with clinical manifestations of APS not included in the classification criteria. Results: B2-CIC prevalence in APS patients was 19.3%. The presence of thrombocytopenia (OR:5.7), livedo reticularis (OR:5.6), sicca (OR:12.6), and leukopenia (OR:5.6) was significantly higher in patients with B2-CIC than in the rest of APS patients. C3 and C4 complement factor levels were significantly lower in B2-CIC positive patients, which suggests a greater consumption of complement. Patients with quadruple aPL positivity (triple aPL-positivity plus the presence of B2-CIC) showed a higher prevalence of thrombocytopenia, leucopenia and LR than those with single/double aPL-positivity. No significant differences were found in the frequencies observed in patients with triple-only vs. single/double aPL-positivity. There were no significant differences between patients with primary APS and lupus-associated APS regarding the prevalence of B2-CIC and outcomes. Conclusions: Presence of B2-CIC is strongly associated with several non-criteria clinical manifestations related to APS and to higher complement consumption. More studies are required to better understand the clinical significance of B2-CIC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dolores Pérez
- Immunology Department, Hospital 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ljudmila Stojanovich
- Internal Medicine, "Bezanijska Kosa", University Medical Center, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Laura Naranjo
- Immunology Department, Hospital 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Gordana Bogdanovic
- Internal Medicine, "Bezanijska Kosa", University Medical Center, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Manuel Serrano
- Immunology Department, Hospital 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain
| | - Antonio Serrano
- Immunology Department, Hospital 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain
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Yang X, Zhang C, Chen G, Sun C, Li J. Antibodies: The major participants in maternal-fetal interaction. J Obstet Gynaecol Res 2018; 45:39-46. [PMID: 30338894 DOI: 10.1111/jog.13839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2018] [Accepted: 09/20/2018] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study is to improve our understanding of the mechanisms involved in maternal-fetal immune tolerance. We searched the related literatures and overviewed the major antibodies associated with pregnancy and described in details their possible roles in mediating maternal-fetal interactions. Antibodies classified into different types based on their functional or structural characteristics were summarized, including immunoglobulin G, blocking antibody, nonprecipitating asymmetric antibody, antiphospholipid antibody, antitrophoblast antibody and antipaternal antibody. The presence and levels of various circulating antibodies in pregnancy may play a crucial role in the occurrence, development and termination of pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Yang
- Department of Clinical Lab, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Yantai, China
| | - Caiji Zhang
- Department of Clinical Lab, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Yantai, China
| | - Guozhen Chen
- Department of Clinical Lab, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Yantai, China
| | - Chengming Sun
- Department of Clinical Lab, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Yantai, China
| | - Jinming Li
- National Center for Clinical Laboratories, Beijing Hospital, Beijing, China
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Nalakonda G, Islam M, Chukwu VE, Soliman A, Munim R, Abukraa I. Psycho-rheumatic Integration in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: An Insight into Antibodies Causing Neuropsychiatric Changes. Cureus 2018; 10:e3091. [PMID: 30324045 PMCID: PMC6171782 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.3091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The main purpose of this paper is to bring together all the antibodies and markers related to neurological and psychiatric manifestations in systemic lupus erythematosus and also the pharmacology that could help treat these symptoms. Existing research data regarding specific antibodies involved in the disease process and drugs that were being studied was collected and analyzed. After reviewing the studies published by various authors, symptoms were shown to be mainly caused by antibodies against N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) antibodies, anti-endothelial, anti-ribosomal P, antiphospholipid antibodies, cytokines like interferons and chemokines. The monoclonal antibody rituximab has shown to be beneficial in some of the cases. Based on all the articles reviewed, the antibodies and cytokines showed the most effective evidence in causing the different manifestations of neuropsychiatric systemic lupus erythematosus (NPSLE), but studies regarding the drugs being effective against all the symptoms are inconclusive as there are very few studies. Further research to support the drug’s effectiveness in managing the symptoms is needed. More studies are needed regarding early diagnosis of NPSLE using the antibodies as biomarkers as it could help in preventing these manifestations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gouthami Nalakonda
- Medical Student, Chalmeda Anandrao Institute of Medical Sciences, Karimnagar, IND
| | - Mimsa Islam
- Internal Medicine, Sir Salimullah Medical College, Dhaka, USA
| | | | | | - Rujina Munim
- Miscellaneous, Sylhet Mag Osmani Medical College and Hospital, Sylhet, BGD
| | - Inas Abukraa
- Faculty of Medicine, Tripoli University, Tripoli, LBY
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Lee JS, Gu J, Park HS, Yoo HJ, Kim HK. Coexistence of anti-β2-glycoprotein I domain I and anti-phosphatidylserine/prothrombin antibodies suggests strong thrombotic risk. Clin Chem Lab Med 2017; 55:882-889. [PMID: 28002027 DOI: 10.1515/cclm-2016-0676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2016] [Accepted: 11/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Highly specific assays for measuring antiphospholipid antibodies (aPLs) are required for accurate assessment of thrombotic risk. aPLs against β2-glycoprotein I domain I (anti-β2GPIdI) and against prothrombin complexed with phosphatidylserine (anti-PS/PT) have been recently identified as being associated with a hypercoagulable state. This study evaluated the synergism between anti-β2GPIdI and anti-PS/PT for predicting thrombotic events. METHODS A total of 180 patients with clinical suspicion of hypercoagulability were evaluated. The plasma levels of lupus anticoagulant (LA) and antibodies against anticardiolipin (anti-CL) (IgG and IgM), β2GPI (IgG and IgM), PS/PT (IgG and IgM), and β2GPI dI (IgG) were measured. RESULTS IgG anti-β2GPIdI and LA were highly associated with thrombosis. Mean values and positivity rates of IgG anti-β2GPI dI and IgG anti-PS/PT were significantly higher in the triple-positive group (LA+, IgG anti-CL+, IgG anti-β2GPI+) than in the other groups. Interestingly, the thrombotic risk [odds ratio (OR) 24.400, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.976-63.273, p<0.001] of the newly defined triple positive group (LA+, IgG anti-CL+, IgG anti-β2GPIdI+; OR 11.182, 95% CI 1.976-63.273, p=0.006) was more than twice that of the triple-positive group (LA+, IgG anti-CL+, IgG anti-β2GPI+). Double positivity for IgG anti-PS/PT and IgG anti-β2GPI also indicated significant thrombotic risk (OR 7.467, 95% CI 2.350-23.729, p=0.001). Furthermore, the thrombotic risk associated with double positivity for IgG anti-PS/PT and IgG anti-β2GPIdI was markedly elevated (OR 33.654, 95% CI 6.322-179.141, p<0.001). CONCLUSIONS Our data suggest that simultaneous measurement of IgG anti-β2GPIdI and IgG anti-PS/PT may improve clinical decision-making for aPL-positive patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jee-Soo Lee
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of
| | - JaYoon Gu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of
| | - Hee Sue Park
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of
| | - Hyun Ju Yoo
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of
| | - Hyun Kyung Kim
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of
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Abu Rmeileh A, Khoury T, Meir K, Drori A, Shalit M, Benenson S, Elinav H. Familial Q fever clustering with variable manifestations imitating infectious and autoimmune disease. Clin Microbiol Infect 2015; 21:459-63. [PMID: 25770747 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmi.2015.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2014] [Revised: 12/24/2014] [Accepted: 01/08/2015] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Q fever, caused by Coxiella burnetii, can present as an outbreak of acute disease ranging from asymptomatic disease, pneumonia, hepatitis or fever of unknown origin, which can progress to a chronic disease, most frequently endocarditis. The occurrence of Q fever within families is rarely described, and in most cases presents with uniform acute disease manifestations. Here we present a familial cluster of Q fever presenting as highly variable synchronous manifestations in four of five family members, including prolonged fever of unknown origin, asymptomatic carrier state, hepatitis, and chronic endocarditis developing in the absence of previous symptoms. This case series highlights the possibility of Q fever developing in cohabitated individuals with highly variable symptoms masking the common disease etiology. Screening of all exposed individuals, even those not clinically suspected to be infected, may enable to better identify, treat and prevent progression to chronic disease.
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45
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Barbour TD, Crosthwaite A, Chow K, Finlay MJ, Better N, Hughes PD, Cohney SJ. Antiphospholipid syndrome in renal transplantation. Nephrology (Carlton) 2014; 19:177-85. [PMID: 24548061 DOI: 10.1111/nep.12217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/09/2014] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) may occur in isolation or in association with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), with the potential to cause renal failure via several distinct pathologies. Renal transplantation in the presence of APS carries a risk of early graft loss from arterial or venous thrombosis, or thrombotic microangiopathy (TMA). Whilst perioperative anticoagulation reduces the risk of large vessel thrombosis, it may result in significant haemorrhage, and its efficacy in preventing post-transplant TMA is uncertain. Here, we report a patient with end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) due to lupus nephritis and APS, in whom allograft TMA developed soon after transplantation despite partial anticoagulation. TMA resolved with plasma exchange-based therapy albeit with some irreversible graft damage and renal impairment. We discuss the differential diagnosis of post-transplant TMA, and current treatment options.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas D Barbour
- Department of Nephrology, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
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Goodridge A, Zhang T, Miyata T, Lu S, Riley LW. Antiphospholipid IgM antibody response in acute and chronic Mycobacterium tuberculosis mouse infection model. Clin Respir J 2013; 8:137-44. [PMID: 23910993 DOI: 10.1111/crj.12049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2013] [Revised: 06/24/2013] [Accepted: 07/25/2013] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS The clinical management of tuberculosis (TB) could be greatly improved by an affordable biomarker test to monitor treatment response. Here, we examined changes in immunoglobulin M (IgM) antibody response to lipids as a potential biomarker for monitoring TB treatment in an experimental mouse model. METHODS We performed enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay to investigate changes in IgM antibody response against cardiolipin (CL), phosphatidylcholine (PTC), phosphatidylethanolamine (PE), phosphatidylinositol (PI) and sphingolipid (SL) in BALB/c mice that were treated after being infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis for 4 weeks (acute infection) and 20 weeks (chronic infection). Cytokine levels [interleukin (IL)-5, IL-10, interferon-gamma (IFN-γ), monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1)] in lung and spleen homogenates as well as in blood were also compared. RESULTS In both acutely and chronically infected mice, lungs were sterilised of M. tuberculosis infection after 8 weeks of treatment. The IgM response to CL, PTC, PE, PI and SL were consistently elevated throughout the course of infection in chronically infected mice compared with acutely infected mice. In acutely infected mice, the IgM antibody response against CL significantly decreased after 8 weeks of treatment, but not against other lipids. In chronically infected mice, the IgM response showed no significant changes against any of the lipids after 8 weeks of treatment. Of the cytokines examined, only MCP-1 levels in lungs decreased significantly after treatment. CONCLUSION These findings demonstrate that antilipid IgM antibody can remain elevated in chronically infected mice, but with treatment, only anti-CL IgM antibody levels decreased together with M. tuberculosis bacterial burden in acutely infected mice. Treatment did not affect antilipid IgM levels in chronically infected mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amador Goodridge
- Institute of Scientific Research and High Technology Services (INDICASAT-AIP), City of Knowledge, Panama, Panama; Division of Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology, School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA
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Mullen MT, Messé SR, Kasner SE, Sansing L, Husain MR, Norman GL, Shums Z, Cucchiara BL. Anti-Phosphatidylserine-Prothrombin Antibodies are Associated with Outcome in a TIA Cohort. Front Neurol 2012; 3:137. [PMID: 23060855 PMCID: PMC3460224 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2012.00137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2012] [Accepted: 09/10/2012] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Antiphospholipid antibodies (aPLs) have been associated with thrombosis in the antiphospholipid antibody syndrome (APS) and with atherosclerotic vascular events in patients without APS. We examined the significance of aPLs in transient ischemic attack (TIA). PATIENTS/METHODS Patients with TIA <48 h from symptom onset were prospectively enrolled. Traditional aPLs, including anticardiolipin and β2-glycoprotein-I (β2GPI), and newer aPLs, including anti-phosphatidylserine/prothrombin (aPS/PT), β2GPI Domain 4/5 and β2GPI Domain 1 were measured. Primary outcome was a composite of stroke or death within 90 days or identification of a high risk stroke mechanism. Secondary outcomes were stroke or death and the presence of clinical/sub-clinical atherosclerosis. RESULTS Over 4.5 years, 167 patients were enrolled. Forty one patients (25%) had the composite endpoint. Antibodies were measured in 158 subjects. aPS/PT IgG antibodies were significantly associated with stroke/death (OR 16.3, 95% CI 2.3-116.7, p = 0.005) and were non-significantly associated with the composite endpoint (OR 4.7, 95% CI 0.8-29.2, p = 0.10). In multivariate analysis adjusting for ABCD(2) risk score, aPS/PT IgG remained associated with stroke/death (OR 15.7, 95% CI 2.0-125.6, p = 0.009). Other aPLs were not associated with clinical outcome and no association between APLs and atherosclerosis was identified. CONCLUSION In contrast to other aPLs, aPS/PT IgG antibodies are independently associated with stroke or death in patients with TIA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael T Mullen
- Department of Neurology, University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia, PA, USA
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Abstract
BACKGROUND There is controversy about an increased prevalence of antiphospholipid antibodies in diabetic patients. The possible implications are little known. METHODS We prospectively studied all consecutive outpatients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) attended to in an Internal Medicine office. IgM and IgG anticardiolipin antibodies (ACA) were determined by standardized enzyme-linked immunoassay. RESULTS Fifty-six patients were included. Only one patient (1.8%) had a titer of IgM ACA higher than 15 MPL units and no patient had a titer of IgG ACA higher than 15 GPL units. Six patients (10.7%) had low IgM ACA titers (4-15 MPL units) and 18 patients (32.1%) had low IgG ACA titers (4-15 GPL units). There were no differences in the frequencies of a low IgM or IgG ACA titer or in the means of IgM and IgG ACA titers in patients with complicated and uncomplicated DM, with and without cardiovascular disease, with and without nephropathy, or with and without retinopathy. CONCLUSIONS Moderate to high ACA titers must be exceptional in patients with type 2 DM. Low ACA titers may occur in patients with type 2 DM. These low titers do not seem to be associated with complicated DM, cardiovascular disease, nephropathy or retinopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- José María Calvo-Romero
- Internal Medicine Service, Hospital Ciudad de Coria, Cervantes 75, 10800 Coria (Cáceres), Spain.
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