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Guo Q, Ban FX, Xia WQ, Shu YN, Liu YQ, Liu SS, Pan LL, Wang XW. The essential role of clathrin-mediated endocytosis and early endosomes in the trafficking of begomoviruses through the primary salivary glands of their whitefly vectors. J Virol 2023; 97:e0106723. [PMID: 37855618 PMCID: PMC10688308 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.01067-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/20/2023] Open
Abstract
IMPORTANCE Many plant viruses are transmitted by insect vectors in a circulative manner. For efficient transmission, the entry of the virus from vector hemolymph into the primary salivary gland (PSG) is a step of paramount importance. Yet, vector components mediating virus entry into PSG remain barely characterized. Here, we demonstrate the role of clathrin-mediated endocytosis and early endosomes in begomovirus entry into whitefly PSG. Our findings unravel the key components involved in begomovirus transport within the whitefly body and transmission by their whitefly vectors and provide novel clues for blocking begomovirus transmission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Guo
- Ministry of Agriculture Key Lab of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Key Laboratory of Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Insect Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Institute of Hydrobiology, Zhejiang Academic of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Fei-Xue Ban
- Ministry of Agriculture Key Lab of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Key Laboratory of Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Insect Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Wen-Qiang Xia
- Ministry of Agriculture Key Lab of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Key Laboratory of Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Insect Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yan-Ni Shu
- Ministry of Agriculture Key Lab of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Key Laboratory of Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Insect Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yin-Quan Liu
- Ministry of Agriculture Key Lab of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Key Laboratory of Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Insect Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shu-Sheng Liu
- Ministry of Agriculture Key Lab of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Key Laboratory of Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Insect Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Li-Long Pan
- Ministry of Agriculture Key Lab of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Key Laboratory of Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Insect Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- The Rural Development Academy, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiao-Wei Wang
- Ministry of Agriculture Key Lab of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Key Laboratory of Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Insect Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
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Nalla MK, Schafleitner R, Pappu HR, Barchenger DW. Current status, breeding strategies and future prospects for managing chilli leaf curl virus disease and associated begomoviruses in Chilli ( Capsicum spp.). Front Plant Sci 2023; 14:1223982. [PMID: 37936944 PMCID: PMC10626458 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1223982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/09/2023]
Abstract
Chilli leaf curl virus disease caused by begomoviruses, has emerged as a major threat to global chilli production, causing severe yield losses and economic harm. Begomoviruses are a highly successful and emerging group of plant viruses that are primarily transmitted by whiteflies belonging to the Bemisia tabaci complex. The most effective method for mitigating chilli leaf curl virus disease losses is breeding for host resistance to Begomovirus. This review highlights the current situation of chilli leaf curl virus disease and associated begomoviruses in chilli production, stressing the significant issues that breeders and growers confront. In addition, the various breeding methods used to generate begomovirus resistant chilli cultivars, and also the complicated connections between the host plant, vector and the virus are discussed. This review highlights the importance of resistance breeding, emphasising the importance of multidisciplinary approaches that combine the best of traditional breeding with cutting-edge genomic technologies. subsequently, the article highlights the challenges that must be overcome in order to effectively deploy begomovirus resistant chilli varieties across diverse agroecological zones and farming systems, as well as understanding the pathogen thus providing the opportunities for improving the sustainability and profitability of chilli production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manoj Kumar Nalla
- World Vegetable Center, South and Central Asia Regional Office, Hyderabad, India
| | | | - Hanu R. Pappu
- Department of Plant Pathology, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, United States
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Nogueira AM, Barbosa TMC, Quadros AFF, Orílio AF, Bigão MCJ, Xavier CAD, Ferro CG, Zerbini FM. Specific Nucleotides in the Common Region of the Begomovirus Tomato Rugose Mosaic Virus (ToRMV) Are Responsible for the Negative Interference over Tomato Severe Rugose Virus (ToSRV) in Mixed Infection. Viruses 2023; 15:2074. [PMID: 37896851 PMCID: PMC10611410 DOI: 10.3390/v15102074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Revised: 10/08/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Mixed infection between two or more begomoviruses is commonly found in tomato fields and can affect disease outcomes by increasing symptom severity and viral accumulation compared with single infection. Viruses that affect tomato include tomato severe rugose virus (ToSRV) and tomato rugose mosaic virus (ToRMV). Previous work showed that in mixed infection, ToRMV negatively affects the infectivity and accumulation of ToSRV. ToSRV and ToRMV share a high degree of sequence identity, including cis-elements in the common region (CR) and their specific recognition sites (iteron-related domain, IRD) within the Rep gene. Here, we investigated if divergent sites in the CR and IRD are involved in the interaction between these two begomoviruses. ToSRV clones were constructed containing the same nucleotides as ToRMV in the CR (ToSRV-A(ToR:CR)), IRD (ToSRV-A(ToR:IRD)) and in both regions (ToSRV-A(ToR:CR+IRD)). When plants were co-inoculated with ToRMV and ToSRV-A(ToR:IRD), the infectivity and accumulation of ToSRV were negatively affected. In mixed inoculation of ToRMV with ToSRV-A(ToR:CR), high infectivity of both viruses and high DNA accumulation of ToSRV-A(ToR:CR) were observed. A decrease in viral accumulation was observed in plants inoculated with ToSRV-A(ToR:CR+IRD). These results indicate that differences in the CR, but not the IRD, are responsible for the negative interference of ToRMV on ToSRV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angélica M. Nogueira
- Departamento de Fitopatologia, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa 36570-900, MG, Brazil; (A.M.N.); (T.M.C.B.); (A.F.F.Q.); (A.F.O.); (M.C.J.B.); (C.A.D.X.); (C.G.F.)
- Instituto de Biotecnologia Aplicada à Agropecuária (BIOAGRO), Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa 36570-900, MG, Brazil
- Departamento de Proteção Vegetal, Faculdade de Ciências Agronômicas, Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Botucatu 18610-307, SP, Brazil
| | - Tarsiane M. C. Barbosa
- Departamento de Fitopatologia, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa 36570-900, MG, Brazil; (A.M.N.); (T.M.C.B.); (A.F.F.Q.); (A.F.O.); (M.C.J.B.); (C.A.D.X.); (C.G.F.)
- Instituto de Biotecnologia Aplicada à Agropecuária (BIOAGRO), Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa 36570-900, MG, Brazil
- Departamento de Entomologia e Acarologia, ESALQ, Universidade de São Paulo, Piracicaba 13418-900, SP, Brazil
| | - Ayane F. F. Quadros
- Departamento de Fitopatologia, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa 36570-900, MG, Brazil; (A.M.N.); (T.M.C.B.); (A.F.F.Q.); (A.F.O.); (M.C.J.B.); (C.A.D.X.); (C.G.F.)
- Instituto de Biotecnologia Aplicada à Agropecuária (BIOAGRO), Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa 36570-900, MG, Brazil
| | - Anelise F. Orílio
- Departamento de Fitopatologia, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa 36570-900, MG, Brazil; (A.M.N.); (T.M.C.B.); (A.F.F.Q.); (A.F.O.); (M.C.J.B.); (C.A.D.X.); (C.G.F.)
- Instituto de Biotecnologia Aplicada à Agropecuária (BIOAGRO), Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa 36570-900, MG, Brazil
| | - Marcela C. J. Bigão
- Departamento de Fitopatologia, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa 36570-900, MG, Brazil; (A.M.N.); (T.M.C.B.); (A.F.F.Q.); (A.F.O.); (M.C.J.B.); (C.A.D.X.); (C.G.F.)
- Instituto de Biotecnologia Aplicada à Agropecuária (BIOAGRO), Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa 36570-900, MG, Brazil
| | - César A. D. Xavier
- Departamento de Fitopatologia, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa 36570-900, MG, Brazil; (A.M.N.); (T.M.C.B.); (A.F.F.Q.); (A.F.O.); (M.C.J.B.); (C.A.D.X.); (C.G.F.)
- Instituto de Biotecnologia Aplicada à Agropecuária (BIOAGRO), Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa 36570-900, MG, Brazil
- Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA
| | - Camila G. Ferro
- Departamento de Fitopatologia, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa 36570-900, MG, Brazil; (A.M.N.); (T.M.C.B.); (A.F.F.Q.); (A.F.O.); (M.C.J.B.); (C.A.D.X.); (C.G.F.)
- Instituto de Biotecnologia Aplicada à Agropecuária (BIOAGRO), Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa 36570-900, MG, Brazil
- Departamento de Fitopatologia e Nematologia, ESALQ, Universidade de São Paulo, Piracicaba 13418-900, SP, Brazil
| | - Francisco Murilo Zerbini
- Departamento de Fitopatologia, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa 36570-900, MG, Brazil; (A.M.N.); (T.M.C.B.); (A.F.F.Q.); (A.F.O.); (M.C.J.B.); (C.A.D.X.); (C.G.F.)
- Instituto de Biotecnologia Aplicada à Agropecuária (BIOAGRO), Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa 36570-900, MG, Brazil
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Mo C, Tang Y, Chen J, Cui L, Xie H, Qin B, Cai J, Li Z. Characteristics of the Complete Genome of Ageratum Yellow Vein China Virus Infecting Sonchus oleraceus. Plant Dis 2023; 107:2944-2948. [PMID: 37125842 DOI: 10.1094/pdis-11-22-2688-sc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Sonchus (Sonchus oleraceus) originated from Europe and is now cultivated worldwide. The wild resources of sonchus are very abundant, and it has rich nutritional and medicinal value. In this study, 15 sonchus samples with typical symptoms showing leaf curling, vein thickening, and enations were collected from Guigang and Baise City of Guangxi, China. Diseased sonchus were identified by PCR detection, whole genome sequence amplification, and phylogenetic and recombination analysis. The results showed that all the samples were confirmed infected by begomoviruses, and three full-length viral genomes were obtained from 15 sonchus, named GG7-13, GG8-6, and BS63-5. The full genome lengths were 2,584, 2,735, and 2,746 nt, respectively. The nucleotide identities among the three isolates ranged from 92.67 to 99.93%. All of them shared the highest identities (greater than 91.69%) with other isolates of ageratum yellow vein China virus (AYVCNV) (available on GenBank). According to the guidelines of classification of begomoviruses, the virus isolates obtained in this study are different isolates of AYVCNV; a phylogenetic tree analysis showed that these isolates formed a large branch with three other Guangxi isolates of AYVCNV, indicating their close evolution. The genome structures of GG8-6 and BS63-5 are consistent with the monopartite genome virus of the begomoviruses, and both have six open reading frames (ORFs), while GG7-13 has a 151-nt deletion between C2 and C3, resulting in a mutant strain of only five ORFs. This study is the first report on S. oleraceus infected by ageratum yellow vein China virus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cuiping Mo
- Plant Protection Research Institute, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences; Key Laboratory of Green Prevention and Control on Fruits and Vegetables in South China Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs; Guangxi Key Laboratory of Biology for Crop Diseases and Insect Pests, Nanning, Guangxi 530007, China
| | - Yafei Tang
- Plant Protection Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of High Technology for Plant Protection, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510640, China
| | - Jinqing Chen
- Plant Protection Research Institute, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences; Key Laboratory of Green Prevention and Control on Fruits and Vegetables in South China Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs; Guangxi Key Laboratory of Biology for Crop Diseases and Insect Pests, Nanning, Guangxi 530007, China
| | - Lixian Cui
- Plant Protection Research Institute, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences; Key Laboratory of Green Prevention and Control on Fruits and Vegetables in South China Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs; Guangxi Key Laboratory of Biology for Crop Diseases and Insect Pests, Nanning, Guangxi 530007, China
| | - Huiting Xie
- Plant Protection Research Institute, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences; Key Laboratory of Green Prevention and Control on Fruits and Vegetables in South China Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs; Guangxi Key Laboratory of Biology for Crop Diseases and Insect Pests, Nanning, Guangxi 530007, China
| | - Bixia Qin
- Plant Protection Research Institute, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences; Key Laboratory of Green Prevention and Control on Fruits and Vegetables in South China Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs; Guangxi Key Laboratory of Biology for Crop Diseases and Insect Pests, Nanning, Guangxi 530007, China
| | - Jianhe Cai
- Plant Protection Research Institute, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences; Key Laboratory of Green Prevention and Control on Fruits and Vegetables in South China Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs; Guangxi Key Laboratory of Biology for Crop Diseases and Insect Pests, Nanning, Guangxi 530007, China
| | - Zhanbiao Li
- Plant Protection Research Institute, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences; Key Laboratory of Green Prevention and Control on Fruits and Vegetables in South China Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs; Guangxi Key Laboratory of Biology for Crop Diseases and Insect Pests, Nanning, Guangxi 530007, China
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Breves SS, Silva FA, Euclydes NC, Saia TFF, Jean-Baptiste J, Andrade Neto ER, Fontes EPB. Begomovirus-Host Interactions: Viral Proteins Orchestrating Intra and Intercellular Transport of Viral DNA While Suppressing Host Defense Mechanisms. Viruses 2023; 15:1593. [PMID: 37515277 PMCID: PMC10384534 DOI: 10.3390/v15071593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2023] [Revised: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Begomoviruses, which belong to the Geminiviridae family, are intracellular parasites transmitted by whiteflies to dicotyledonous plants thatsignificantly damage agronomically relevant crops. These nucleus-replicating DNA viruses move intracellularly from the nucleus to the cytoplasm and then, like other plant viruses, cause disease by spreading systemically throughout the plant. The transport proteins of begomoviruses play a crucial role in recruiting host components for the movement of viral DNA within and between cells, while exhibiting functions that suppress the host's immune defense. Pioneering studies on species of the Begomovirus genus have identified specific viral transport proteins involved in intracellular transport, cell-to-cell movement, and systemic spread. Recent research has primarily focused on viral movement proteins and their interactions with the cellular host transport machinery, which has significantly expanded understanding on viral infection pathways. This review focuses on three components within this context: (i) the role of viral transport proteins, specifically movement proteins (MPs) and nuclear shuttle proteins (NSPs), (ii) their ability to recruit host factors for intra- and intercellular viral movement, and (iii) the suppression of antiviral immunity, with a particular emphasis on bipartite begomoviral movement proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sâmera S Breves
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology/Bioagro, National Institute of Science and Technology in Plant-Pest Interactions, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa 36570.000, MG, Brazil
| | - Fredy A Silva
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology/Bioagro, National Institute of Science and Technology in Plant-Pest Interactions, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa 36570.000, MG, Brazil
| | - Nívea C Euclydes
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology/Bioagro, National Institute of Science and Technology in Plant-Pest Interactions, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa 36570.000, MG, Brazil
| | - Thainá F F Saia
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology/Bioagro, National Institute of Science and Technology in Plant-Pest Interactions, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa 36570.000, MG, Brazil
| | - James Jean-Baptiste
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology/Bioagro, National Institute of Science and Technology in Plant-Pest Interactions, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa 36570.000, MG, Brazil
| | - Eugenio R Andrade Neto
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology/Bioagro, National Institute of Science and Technology in Plant-Pest Interactions, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa 36570.000, MG, Brazil
| | - Elizabeth P B Fontes
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology/Bioagro, National Institute of Science and Technology in Plant-Pest Interactions, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa 36570.000, MG, Brazil
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Verma N, Garcha KS, Sharma A, Sharma M, Bhatia D, Khosa JS, Kaur B, Chuuneja P, Dhatt AS. Identification of a Major-Effect Quantitative Trait Loci Associated with Begomovirus Resistance in Cucurbita moschata. Phytopathology 2023:PHYTO07220240FI. [PMID: 37352896 DOI: 10.1094/phyto-07-22-0240-fi] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/25/2023]
Abstract
Begomoviruses, viz. squash leaf curl China virus and tomato leaf curl New Delhi virus causative diseases are major concerns of quantitative and qualitative losses in pumpkin (Cucurbita moschata) worldwide. Punjab Agricultural University (PAU) in India has identified a resistant source (PVR-1343) against mixed infection (MI-Sq/To) of these begomoviruses. Introgression of resistance in diverse genetic backgrounds requires the identification of quantitative trait loci (QTLs) associated with MI-Sq/To resistance. Phenotyping of 229 F2:3 progenies derived from the PVR-1343 × P-135 cross revealed digenic recessive inheritance against MI-Sq/To resistance in PVR-1343. To identify the genomic region, resistant and susceptible bulks were subjected to whole-genome resequencing along with their parents. The whole-genome resequence analysis of parents and bulks using QTLseq/QTLseqr approaches identified an overlapping 1.52 Mb region on chromosome 7 (qMI-Sq/To7.1), while chromosomal region spanning 0.87 Mb on chromosome17 (qMI-Sq/To17.1) was additionally identified by QTLseqr. However, the highest peak value on chromosome 7 with three algorithms {G', ∆(SNP-index) and -log10 (P value)} highlighted the major contribution of qMI-Sq/To7.1 in MI-Sq/To resistance. Nine polymorphic SNPs identified within the highly significant qMI-Sq/To7.1 region were converted into KASP markers. KASP genotyping of F2 individuals narrowed down the qMI-Sq/To7.1 interval to 103 kb region flanked by two markers, Cmo3914729 and Cmo4018182, which contained 16 annotated genes and accounted for 59.84% of phenotypic variation. The Cmo4018182 KASP marker accurately predicted disease reaction in 91% of diverse Cucurbita genotypes and showed nonsynonym substitutions in the coding region of putative candidate SYNTAXIN-121 gene. These findings pave the way for marker-assisted breeding and elucidating the underlying mechanism of begomovirus resistance in C. moschata.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neha Verma
- Department of Vegetable Science, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, Punjab, India
| | - Karmvir Singh Garcha
- Department of Vegetable Science, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, Punjab, India
| | - Abhishek Sharma
- Department of Vegetable Science, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, Punjab, India
| | - Madhu Sharma
- Department of Vegetable Science, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, Punjab, India
| | - Dharminder Bhatia
- Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, Punjab, India
| | - Jiffinvir Singh Khosa
- Department of Vegetable Science, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, Punjab, India
| | - Barinder Kaur
- Department of Vegetable Science, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, Punjab, India
| | - Parveen Chuuneja
- School of Agricultural Biotechnology, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, Punjab, India
| | - Ajmer Singh Dhatt
- Directorate of Research, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, Punjab, India
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Iqbal MJ, Zia-Ur-Rehman M, Ilyas M, Hameed U, Herrmann HW, Chingandu N, Manzoor MT, Haider MS, Brown JK. Sentinel plot surveillance of cotton leaf curl disease in Pakistan- a case study at the cultivated cotton-wild host plant interface. Virus Res 2023:199144. [PMID: 37271420 DOI: 10.1016/j.virusres.2023.199144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2023] [Revised: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
A sentinel plot case study was carried out to identify and map the distribution of begomovirus-betasatellite complexes in sentinel plots and commercial cotton fields over a four-year period using molecular and high-throughput DNA 'discovery' sequencing approaches. Samples were collected from 15 study sites in the two major cotton-producing areas of Pakistan. Whitefly- and leafhopper-transmitted geminiviruses were detected in previously unreported host plant species and locations. The most prevalent begomovirus was cotton leaf curl Kokhran virus-Burewala (CLCuKoV-Bu). Unexpectedly, a recently recognized recombinant, cotton leaf curl Multan virus-Rajasthan (CLCuMuV-Ra) was prevalent in five of 15 sites. cotton leaf curl Alabad virus (CLCuAlV) and cotton leaf curl Kokhran virus-Kokhran, 'core' members of CLCuD-begomoviruses that co-occurred with CLCuMuV in the 'Multan' epidemic were detected in one of 15 sentinel plots. Also identified were chickpea chlorotic dwarf virus and 'non-core' CLCuD-begomoviruses, okra enation leaf curl virus, squash leaf curl virus, and tomato leaf curl New Delhi virus. Cotton leaf curl Multan betasatellite (CLCuMuB) was the most prevalent CLCuD-betasatellite, and less commonly, two 'non-core' betasatellites. Recombination analysis revealed previously uncharacterized recombinants among helper virus-betasatellite complexes consisting of CLCuKoV, CLCuMuV, CLCuAlV and CLCuMuB. Population analyses provided early evidence for CLCuMuV-Ra expansion and displacement of CLCuKoV-Bu in India and Pakistan from 2012-2017. Identification of 'core' and non-core CLCuD-species/strains in cotton and other potential reservoirs, and presence of the now predominant CLCuMuV-Ra strain are indicative of ongoing diversification. Investigating the phylodynamics of geminivirus emergence in cotton-vegetable cropping systems offers an opportunity to understand the driving forces underlying disease outbreaks and reconcile viral evolution with epidemiological relationships that also capture pathogen population shifts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Javed Iqbal
- School of Plant Sciences, The University of Arizona, 1140 E South Campus Drive, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA; Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, University of the Punjab, New Campus Canal Road Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Zia-Ur-Rehman
- Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, University of the Punjab, New Campus Canal Road Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Ilyas
- School of Plant Sciences, The University of Arizona, 1140 E South Campus Drive, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA
| | - Usman Hameed
- Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, University of the Punjab, New Campus Canal Road Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Hans Werner Herrmann
- School of Plant Sciences, The University of Arizona, 1140 E South Campus Drive, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA
| | - Nomatter Chingandu
- School of Plant Sciences, The University of Arizona, 1140 E South Campus Drive, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA
| | - Muhammad Tariq Manzoor
- Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, University of the Punjab, New Campus Canal Road Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Saleem Haider
- Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, University of the Punjab, New Campus Canal Road Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Judith K Brown
- School of Plant Sciences, The University of Arizona, 1140 E South Campus Drive, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA.
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Ghosh S, Srinivasan R, Ghanim M. A C2H2 zinc finger transcription factor of the whitefly Bemisia tabaci interacts with the capsid proteins of begomoviruses and inhibits virus retention. Insect Mol Biol 2023; 32:240-250. [PMID: 36571165 DOI: 10.1111/imb.12827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Begomoviruses are a group of ssDNA viruses exclusively transmitted by the whitefly Bemisia tabaci and constrain vegetable production in the old and new worlds. Although multiple molecular determinants governing the transmission of begomoviruses by whiteflies have been unravelled, factors critical for transmission majorly remain unknown. In this study, a whitefly C2H2 zinc finger (ZF) protein, 100% identical to the vascular endothelial ZF-like gene (vezf) protein was confirmed to interact with the CP of both old- and new-world begomoviruses. This was achieved by a yeast two-hybrid (Y2H) system screening of a whitefly cDNA library using capsid protein (CP) of TYLCV as a bait. In silico annotation of vezf protein revealed that it contains a N-terminal ZF-associated domain (ZAD) alongside multiple C2H2 ZF domains on the C-terminal end. ZAD-ZF proteins form the most abundant class of transcription factors within insects. Herein, we validated the interaction of vezf with four diverse begomoviruses and its functional role in begomovirus transmission. Silencing of the vezf gene of B. tabaci led to increased retention of three diverse begomoviruses tested. Vezf is the first insect transcription factor identified to interact with plant viruses and can be crucial to understand the possible mechanisms by which plant viruses modulate transcription of their insect vectors during transmission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saptarshi Ghosh
- Department of Entomology, Volcani Center, Rishon Lezion, Israel
- Department of Entomology, University of Georgia, Griffin, Georgia, USA
| | | | - Murad Ghanim
- Department of Entomology, Volcani Center, Rishon Lezion, Israel
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Fiallo-Olivé E, Navas-Castillo J. Begomoviruses: what is the secret(s) of their success? Trends Plant Sci 2023; 28:715-727. [PMID: 36805143 DOI: 10.1016/j.tplants.2023.01.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2022] [Revised: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/26/2023] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Begomoviruses constitute an extremely successful group of emerging plant viruses transmitted by whiteflies of the Bemisia tabaci complex. Hosts include important vegetable, root, and fiber crops grown in the tropics and subtropics. Factors contributing to the ever-increasing diversity and success of begomoviruses include their predisposition to recombine their genomes, interaction with DNA satellites recruited throughout their evolution, presence of wild plants as a virus reservoir and a source of speciation, and extreme polyphagia and continuous movement of the insect vectors to temperate regions. These features as well as some controversial issues (replication in the insect vector, putative seed transmission, transmission by insects other than B. tabaci, and expansion of the host range to monocotyledonous plants) will be analyzed in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elvira Fiallo-Olivé
- Instituto de Hortofruticultura Subtropical y Mediterránea 'La Mayora' (IHSM-UMA-CSIC), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, 29750 Algarrobo-Costa, Málaga, Spain.
| | - Jesús Navas-Castillo
- Instituto de Hortofruticultura Subtropical y Mediterránea 'La Mayora' (IHSM-UMA-CSIC), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, 29750 Algarrobo-Costa, Málaga, Spain
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10
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Zhao K, Liu SS, Wang XW, Yang JG, Pan LL. Manipulation of Whitefly Behavior by Plant Viruses. Microorganisms 2022; 10:microorganisms10122410. [PMID: 36557663 PMCID: PMC9782533 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms10122410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Revised: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 12/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Whiteflies of the Bemisia tabaci complex transmit hundreds of plant viruses belonging to the genera Begomovirus and Crinivirus, among others. Tripartite interactions of whitefly-virus-plant frequently occur during virus infection and transmission. Specifically, virus transmission-related behavior of whitefly, such as preference and feeding, may be altered by viruses and thus exert significant impacts on the outcome of virus spread and epidemics. Here, we provide an overview on the current understanding of the manipulation of whitefly behavior by plant viruses. Plant viruses can significantly modulate whitefly preference and feeding behavior, either directly or in a plant-mediated manner. In general, non-viruliferous whiteflies tend to prefer virus-infected plants, and viruliferous whiteflies are more likely to prefer uninfected plants. In most cases, virus infection of plants and/or whitefly seems to exhibit positive or no effects on whitefly feeding on plants. The significance and evolution of these patterns are then discussed. Finally, we suggest several future directions of research, such as the exploration of temporal dynamics and the dissection of underlying mechanisms of virus-induced changes in whitefly behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, Ministry of Agriculture Key Lab of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Key Laboratory of Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Insect Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Shu-Sheng Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, Ministry of Agriculture Key Lab of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Key Laboratory of Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Insect Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Xiao-Wei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, Ministry of Agriculture Key Lab of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Key Laboratory of Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Insect Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Jin-Guang Yang
- Key Laboratory of Tobacco Pest Monitoring, Controlling & Integrated Management, Tobacco Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao 266101, China
- Correspondence: (J.-G.Y.); (L.-L.P.)
| | - Li-Long Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, Ministry of Agriculture Key Lab of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Key Laboratory of Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Insect Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
- The Rural Development Academy, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
- Correspondence: (J.-G.Y.); (L.-L.P.)
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11
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Qureshi MA, Lal A, Nawaz-ul-Rehman MS, Vo TTB, Sanjaya GNPW, Ho PT, Nattanong B, Kil EJ, Jahan SMH, Lee KY, Tsai CW, Dao HT, Hoat TX, Aye TT, Win NK, Lee J, Kim SM, Lee S. Emergence of Asian endemic begomoviruses as a pandemic threat. Front Plant Sci 2022; 13:970941. [PMID: 36247535 PMCID: PMC9554542 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.970941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2022] [Accepted: 08/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Plant viruses are responsible for the most devastating and commercially significant plant diseases, especially in tropical and subtropical regions. The genus begomovirus is the largest one in the family Geminiviridae, with a single-stranded DNA genome, either monopartite or bipartite. Begomoviruses are transmitted by insect vectors, such as Bemisia tabaci. Begomoviruses are the major causative agents of diseases in agriculture globally. Because of their diversity and mode of evolution, they are thought to be geographic specific. The emerging begomoviruses are of serious concern due to their increasing host range and geographical expansion. Several begomoviruses of Asiatic origin have been reported in Europe, causing massive economic losses; insect-borne transmission of viruses is a critical factor in virus outbreaks in new geographical regions. This review highlights crucial information regarding Asia's four emerging and highly destructive begomoviruses. We also provided information regarding several less common but still potentially important pathogens of different crops. This information will aid possible direction of future studies in adopting preventive measures to combat these emerging viruses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Amir Qureshi
- Department of Integrative Biotechnology, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, South Korea
| | - Aamir Lal
- Department of Integrative Biotechnology, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, South Korea
| | | | - Thuy Thi Bich Vo
- Department of Integrative Biotechnology, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, South Korea
| | | | - Phuong Thi Ho
- Department of Integrative Biotechnology, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, South Korea
| | - Bupi Nattanong
- Department of Integrative Biotechnology, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, South Korea
| | - Eui-Joon Kil
- Department of Plant Medicals, Andong National University, Andong, South Korea
| | | | - Kyeong-Yeoll Lee
- Division of Applied Biosciences, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Chi-Wei Tsai
- Department of Entomology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hang Thi Dao
- Plant Protection Research Institute, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | | | - Tin-Tin Aye
- Department of Entomology, Yezin Agricultural University, Yezin, Myanmar
| | - Nang Kyu Win
- Department of Plant Pathology, Yezin Agricultural University, Yezin, Myanmar
| | - Jangha Lee
- Crop Breeding Research Center, NongWoo Bio, Yeoju, South Korea
| | - Sang-Mok Kim
- Plant Quarantine Technology Center, Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, Gimcheon, South Korea
| | - Sukchan Lee
- Department of Integrative Biotechnology, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, South Korea
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12
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Ghosh S, Didi-Cohen S, Cna’ani A, Kontsedalov S, Lebedev G, Tzin V, Ghanim M. Comparative Analysis of Volatiles Emitted from Tomato and Pepper Plants in Response to Infection by Two Whitefly-Transmitted Persistent Viruses. Insects 2022; 13:840. [PMID: 36135541 PMCID: PMC9503296 DOI: 10.3390/insects13090840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2022] [Revised: 09/05/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The whitefly Bemisia tabaci is one of the most important agricultural pests due to its extreme invasiveness, insecticide resistance, and ability to transmit hundreds of plant viruses. Among these, Begomoviruses and recombinant whitefly-borne Poleroviruses are transmitted persistently. Several studies have shown that upon infection, plant viruses manipulate plant-emitted volatile organic compounds (VOCs), which have important roles in communication with insects. In this study, we profiled and compared the VOCs emitted by tomato and pepper plant leaves after infection with the Tomato yellow leaf curl virus (TYLCV) (Bogomoviruses) and the newly discovered Pepper whitefly-borne vein yellows virus (PeWBVYV) (Poleroviruses), respectively. The results identified shared emitted VOCs but also uncovered unique VOC signatures for each virus and for whitefly infestation (i.e., without virus infection) independently. The results suggest that plants have general defense responses; however, they are also able to respond individually to infection with specific viruses or infestation with an insect pest. The results are important to enhance our understanding of virus- and insect vector-induced alteration in the emission of plant VOCs. These volatiles can eventually be used for the management of virus diseases/insect vectors by either monitoring or disrupting insect-plant interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saptarshi Ghosh
- Department of Entomology, ARO, The Volcani Center, HaMaccabim Road 68, P.O. Box 15159, Rishon LeZion 7505101, Israel
- Department of Entomology, University of Georgia, Griffin, GA 30223, USA
| | - Shoshana Didi-Cohen
- French Associates Institute for Agriculture and Biotechnology of Drylands, Jacob Blaustein Institutes for Desert Research, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Sede Boqer Campus, Be’er Sheva 8499000, Israel
| | - Alon Cna’ani
- French Associates Institute for Agriculture and Biotechnology of Drylands, Jacob Blaustein Institutes for Desert Research, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Sede Boqer Campus, Be’er Sheva 8499000, Israel
- Department of Food Sciences, University of Copenhagen, DK-1165 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Svetlana Kontsedalov
- Department of Entomology, ARO, The Volcani Center, HaMaccabim Road 68, P.O. Box 15159, Rishon LeZion 7505101, Israel
| | - Galina Lebedev
- Department of Entomology, ARO, The Volcani Center, HaMaccabim Road 68, P.O. Box 15159, Rishon LeZion 7505101, Israel
| | - Vered Tzin
- French Associates Institute for Agriculture and Biotechnology of Drylands, Jacob Blaustein Institutes for Desert Research, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Sede Boqer Campus, Be’er Sheva 8499000, Israel
| | - Murad Ghanim
- Department of Entomology, ARO, The Volcani Center, HaMaccabim Road 68, P.O. Box 15159, Rishon LeZion 7505101, Israel
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13
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Guevara-Rivera EA, Rodríguez-Negrete EA, Aréchiga-Carvajal ET, Leyva-López NE, Méndez-Lozano J. From Metagenomics to Discovery of New Viral Species: Galium Leaf Distortion Virus, a Monopartite Begomovirus Endemic in Mexico. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:843035. [PMID: 35547137 PMCID: PMC9083202 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.843035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2021] [Accepted: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Begomoviruses (Family Geminiviridae) are a major group of emerging plant viruses worldwide. The knowledge of begomoviruses is mostly restricted to crop plant systems. Nevertheless, it has been described that non-cultivated plants are important reservoirs and vessels of viral evolution that leads to the emergence of new diseases. High-throughput sequencing (HTS) has provided a powerful tool for speeding up the understanding of molecular ecology and epidemiology of plant virome and for discovery of new viral species. In this study, by performing earlier metagenomics library data mining, followed by geminivirus-related signature single plant searching and RCA-based full-length viral genome cloning, and based on phylogenetic analysis, genomes of two isolates of a novel monopartite begomovirus species tentatively named Galium leaf distortion virus (GLDV), which infects non-cultivated endemic plant Galium mexicanum, were identified in Colima, Mexico. Analysis of the genetic structure of both isolates (GLDV-1 and GLDV-2) revealed that the GLDV genome displays a DNA-A-like structure shared with the new world (NW) bipartite begomoviruses. Nonetheless, phylogenetic analysis using representative members of the main begomovirus American clades for tree construction grouped both GLDV isolates in a clade of the monopartite NW begomovirus, Tomato leaf deformation virus (ToLDeV). A comparative analysis of viral replication regulatory elements showed that the GLDV-1 isolate possesses an array and sequence conservation of iterons typical of NW begomovirus infecting the Solanaceae and Fabaceae families. Interestingly, GLDV-2 showed iteron sequences described only in monopartite begomovirus from OW belonging to a sweepovirus clade that infects plants of the Convolvulaceae family. In addition, the rep iteron related-domain (IRD) of both isolates display FRVQ or FRIS amino acid sequences corresponding to NW and sweepobegomovirus clades for GMV-1 and GMV-2, respectively. Finally, the lack of the GLDV DNA-B segment (tested by molecular detection and biological assays using GLDV-1/2 infectious clones) confirmed the monopartite nature of GLDV. This is the first time that a monopartite begomovirus is described in Mexican ecosystems, and “in silico” geometagenomics analysis indicates that it is restricted to a specific region. These data revealed additional complexity in monopartite begomovirus genetics and geographic distribution and highlighted the importance of metagenomic approaches in understanding global virome ecology and evolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enrique A Guevara-Rivera
- Instituto Politécnico Nacional, CIIDIR-Unidad Sinaloa, Departamento de Biotecnología Agrícola, Guasave, Mexico
| | - Edgar A Rodríguez-Negrete
- Instituto Politécnico Nacional, CIIDIR-Unidad Sinaloa, Departamento de Biotecnología Agrícola, Guasave, Mexico
| | - Elva T Aréchiga-Carvajal
- Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Departamento de Microbiología e Inmunología-Unidad de Manipulación Genética, San Nicolás de los Garza, Mexico
| | - Norma E Leyva-López
- Instituto Politécnico Nacional, CIIDIR-Unidad Sinaloa, Departamento de Biotecnología Agrícola, Guasave, Mexico
| | - Jesús Méndez-Lozano
- Instituto Politécnico Nacional, CIIDIR-Unidad Sinaloa, Departamento de Biotecnología Agrícola, Guasave, Mexico
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14
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Fiallo-Olivé E, Bastidas L, Chirinos DT, Navas-Castillo J. Insights into Emerging Begomovirus-Deltasatellite Complex Diversity: The First Deltasatellite Infecting Legumes. Biology (Basel) 2021; 10:1125. [PMID: 34827118 PMCID: PMC8615175 DOI: 10.3390/biology10111125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2021] [Revised: 10/27/2021] [Accepted: 10/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Begomoviruses and associated DNA satellites are involved in pathosystems that include many cultivated and wild dicot plants and the whitefly vector Bemisia tabaci. A survey of leguminous plants, both crops and wild species, was conducted in Venezuela, an understudied country, to determine the presence of begomoviruses. Molecular analysis identified the presence of bipartite begomoviruses in 37% of the collected plants. Four of the six begomoviruses identified constituted novel species, and two others had not been previously reported in Venezuela. In addition, a novel deltasatellite (cabbage leaf curl deltasatellite, CabLCD) was found to be associated with cabbage leaf curl virus (CabLCV) in several plant species. CabLCD was the first deltasatellite found to infect legumes and the first found in the New World to infect a crop plant. Agroinoculation experiments using Nicotiana benthamiana plants and infectious viral clones confirmed that CabLCV acts as a helper virus for CabLCD. The begomovirus-deltasatellite complex described here is also present in wild legume plants, suggesting the possible role of these plants in the emergence and establishment of begomoviral diseases in the main legume crops in the region. Pathological knowledge of these begomovirus-deltasatellite complexes is fundamental to develop control methods to protect leguminous crops from the diseases they cause.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elvira Fiallo-Olivé
- Instituto de Hortofruticultura Subtropical y Mediterránea “La Mayora” (IHSM-UMA-CSIC), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Avenida Dr. Wienberg s/n, 29750 Algarrobo-Costa, Málaga, Spain;
| | - Liseth Bastidas
- Departamento Fitosanitario, Facultad de Agronomía, Universidad del Zulia, Maracaibo 4005, Zulia, Venezuela;
| | - Dorys T. Chirinos
- Facultad de Ingeniería Agronómica, Universidad Técnica de Manabí, Portoviejo 130105, Manabí, Ecuador;
| | - Jesús Navas-Castillo
- Instituto de Hortofruticultura Subtropical y Mediterránea “La Mayora” (IHSM-UMA-CSIC), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Avenida Dr. Wienberg s/n, 29750 Algarrobo-Costa, Málaga, Spain;
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15
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Zakri AM, Al-Doss AA, Ali AA, Samara EM, Ahmed BS, Al-Saleh MA, Idris AM, Abdalla OA, Sack M. Generation and Characterization of Nanobodies Against Tomato Leaf Curl Sudan Virus. Plant Dis 2021; 105:2410-2417. [PMID: 33599515 DOI: 10.1094/pdis-11-20-2407-re] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Begomoviruses infect food, fiber, and vegetable crop plants, including tomato, potato, bean, cotton, cucumber, and pumpkin, and damage many economically important crop plants worldwide. Tomato leaf curl Sudan virus (ToLCSDV) is the most widespread tomato-infecting begomovirus in Saudi Arabia. Using phage display technology, this study isolated two camel-derived nanobodies against purified ToLCSDV virions from a library of antigen-binding fragments (VHH or nanobody) of heavy-chain antibodies built from an immunized camel. The isolated nanobodies also cross-reacted with purified tomato yellow leaf curl virus virions and showed significant enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay reactivity with extracts from plants with typical begomovirus infection symptoms. The results can pave the way to developing diagnostics for begomovirus detection, design, and characterization of novel nanomaterials based on virus-like particles, in addition to nanobody-mediated begomovirus resistance in economically important crops, such as tomato, potato, and cucumber.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adel M Zakri
- Department of Plant Production, College of Food and Agriculture Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullah A Al-Doss
- Department of Plant Production, College of Food and Agriculture Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed A Ali
- Department of Plant Production, College of Food and Agriculture Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Emad M Samara
- Department of Animal Production, College of Food and Agriculture Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Basem S Ahmed
- Department of Plant Production, College of Food and Agriculture Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed A Al-Saleh
- Department of Plant Protection, College of Food and Agriculture Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ali M Idris
- School of Plant Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, U.S.A
| | - Omar A Abdalla
- Department of Plant Protection, College of Food and Agriculture Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Bertin S, Parrella G, Nannini M, Guercio G, Troiano E, Tomassoli L. Distribution and Genetic Variability of Bemisia tabaci Cryptic Species (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) in Italy. Insects 2021; 12:insects12060521. [PMID: 34199806 PMCID: PMC8229085 DOI: 10.3390/insects12060521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2021] [Revised: 05/30/2021] [Accepted: 05/31/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Bemisia tabaci is a key pest of horticultural, fibre and ornamental crops worldwide, primarily as a vector of plant viruses. In Italy, B. tabaci has established since the 1980s-1990s in southern regions as well as in Sicily and Sardinia. Recent reports of infestations in some areas of central Italy prompted a new survey to assess the whitefly distribution in the country as well as to update the species and haplotype composition of the populations present in southern Italy and in the main islands. The survey confirmed that B. tabaci is nowadays established in central Italy even at more northern latitudes than those noticed before. Most of the specimens collected throughout the country belonged to the Mediterranean (MED) species. The MEDQ1 and Q2 haplogroups were prevailing in open-field and greenhouse cultivations, respectively, except in Sardinia where only Q1 specimens were found on a wide range of crops and weeds. Population genetics analyses showed that several MEDQ1 haplotypes currently occur in Italy and their distribution is unrelated to evident temporal and geographic trends, except for a new genetic variant which seems to have originated in Sardinia. The MED species is known to better adapt to insecticide treatments and high temperatures, and its northward spread in Italy may have been favoured by the intensive agricultural practices and steady increase in both winter and summer temperatures occurring in the last few decades. The extensive presence of B. tabaci in Italy proves that a strict surveillance for possible new outbreaks of whitefly-transmitted viruses should be addressed to a range of sites that are expanding northwards.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabrina Bertin
- CREA Research Centre for Plant Protection and Certification, via C.G. Bertero 22, 00156 Rome, Italy; (G.G.); (L.T.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-06-8207-0242
| | - Giuseppe Parrella
- National Research Council, Institute for Sustainable Plant Protection (CNR-IPSP), Piazzale Enrico Fermi 1, Napoli, 80055 Portici, Italy; (G.P.); (E.T.)
| | - Mauro Nannini
- Agris Sardegna, Servizio Ricerca Studi Ambientali, Difesa delle Colture e Qualità Delle Produzioni, Viale Trieste 111, 09123 Cagliari, Italy;
| | - Giorgia Guercio
- CREA Research Centre for Plant Protection and Certification, via C.G. Bertero 22, 00156 Rome, Italy; (G.G.); (L.T.)
| | - Elisa Troiano
- National Research Council, Institute for Sustainable Plant Protection (CNR-IPSP), Piazzale Enrico Fermi 1, Napoli, 80055 Portici, Italy; (G.P.); (E.T.)
| | - Laura Tomassoli
- CREA Research Centre for Plant Protection and Certification, via C.G. Bertero 22, 00156 Rome, Italy; (G.G.); (L.T.)
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17
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Ahmed N, Amin I, Zaidi SSEA, Rahman SU, Farooq M, Fauquet CM, Mansoor S. Circular DNA enrichment sequencing reveals the viral/satellites genetic diversity associated with the third epidemic of cotton leaf curl disease. Biol Methods Protoc 2021; 6:bpab005. [PMID: 33884305 PMCID: PMC8046901 DOI: 10.1093/biomethods/bpab005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2021] [Revised: 03/16/2021] [Accepted: 03/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cotton leaf curl disease (CLCuD) is the most important limiting factor for cotton production in Pakistan. The CLCuD passed through two major epidemics in this region with distinct begomoviruses/satellites complexes. Since 2015 the disease has again started to appear in epidemic form, causing heavy losses to cotton crop, which we termed as the “third epidemic”. We applied CIDER-seq (Circular DNA Enrichment Sequencing), a recently developed sequencing method for PCR-free virus enrichment to produce a full length read of a single circular viral genome coupled with Sanger sequencing to explore the genetic diversity of the disease complex. We identified a highly recombinant strain of Cotton leaf curl Multan virus and a recently evolved strain of Cotton leaf curl Multan betasatellite that are dominant in all major cotton growing regions in the country. Moreover, we also identified multiple species of alphasatellites with one distinct species, Mesta yellow vein mosaic alphasatellite (MeYVMA) for the first time in cotton. Relative abundance of virus and associated satellites was also determined by real-time quantitative PCR. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study that determined the CLCuD complex associated with its third epidemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nasim Ahmed
- Agricultural Biotechnology Division, National Institute for Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering (NIBGE), Constituent College, Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied Sciences (PIEAS), Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Imran Amin
- Agricultural Biotechnology Division, National Institute for Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering (NIBGE), Constituent College, Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied Sciences (PIEAS), Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Syed Shan-E-Ali Zaidi
- Agricultural Biotechnology Division, National Institute for Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering (NIBGE), Constituent College, Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied Sciences (PIEAS), Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Saleem Ur Rahman
- Agricultural Biotechnology Division, National Institute for Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering (NIBGE), Constituent College, Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied Sciences (PIEAS), Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Farooq
- Agricultural Biotechnology Division, National Institute for Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering (NIBGE), Constituent College, Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied Sciences (PIEAS), Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | | | - Shahid Mansoor
- Agricultural Biotechnology Division, National Institute for Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering (NIBGE), Constituent College, Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied Sciences (PIEAS), Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
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18
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de Nazaré Almeida Dos Reis L, Fonseca MEN, Ribeiro SG, Naito FYB, Boiteux LS, Pereira-Carvalho RC. Metagenomics of Neotropical Single-Stranded DNA Viruses in Tomato Cultivars with and without the Ty-1 Gene. Viruses 2020; 12:E819. [PMID: 32731641 DOI: 10.3390/v12080819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2020] [Revised: 07/22/2020] [Accepted: 07/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
A complex of begomoviruses (Geminiviridae) can cause severe tomato yield losses in the neotropics. Here, next-generation sequencing was employed for large-scale assessment of single-stranded (ss)DNA virus diversity in tomatoes either harboring or lacking the large-spectrum begomovirus tolerance Ty-1 gene. Individual leaf samples exhibiting begomovirus-like symptoms (n = 107) were field-collected, circular DNA-enriched, subdivided into pools (with and without Ty-1), and Illumina-sequenced. Virus-specific PCR and Sanger dideoxy sequencing validations confirmed 15 distinct ssDNA virus/subviral agents (occurring mainly in mixed infections), which highlight the potential drawbacks of employing virus-specific resistance in tomato breeding. More viruses (14 versus 6 species) were observed in tomatoes without the Ty-1 gene. A gemycircularvirus (Genomoviridae), a new alpha-satellite, and two novel Begomovirus species were identified exclusively in samples without the Ty-1 gene. A novel begomovirus was found only in the Ty-1 pool, being the only species associated with severe symptoms in Ty-1 plants in our survey. Our work is the first step towards the elucidation of the potential begomovirus adaptation to Ty-1 and its specific filtering effects on a subset of ssDNA viral/subviral agents.
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Fiallo-Olivé E, Navas-Castillo J. Molecular and Biological Characterization of a New World Mono-/Bipartite Begomovirus/Deltasatellite Complex Infecting Corchorus siliquosus. Front Microbiol 2020; 11:1755. [PMID: 32793176 PMCID: PMC7390960 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.01755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2020] [Accepted: 07/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
The genus Begomovirus (family Geminiviridae) is the largest genus in the entire virosphere, with more than 400 species recognized. Begomoviruses are single-stranded DNA plant viruses transmitted by whiteflies of the Bemisia tabaci complex and are considered one of the most important groups of emerging plant viruses in tropical and subtropical regions. Several types of DNA satellites have been described to be associated with begomoviruses: betasatellites, alphasatellites, and deltasatellites. Recently, a family of single-stranded DNA satellites associated with begomoviruses has been created, Tolecusatellitidae, including the genera Betasatellite and Deltasatellite. In this work, we analyzed the population of begomoviruses and associated DNA satellites present in Corchorus siliquosus, a malvaceous plant growing wild in Central America, southeastern North America and the Caribbean, collected in Cuba. The genomes of isolates of two New World begomoviruses [(Desmodium leaf distortion virus (DesLDV) and Corchorus yellow vein Cuba virus (CoYVCUV)] and two deltasatellites [tomato yellow leaf distortion deltasatellite 2 (TYLDD2) and Desmodium leaf distortion deltasatellite (DesLDD)] have been cloned and sequenced from plants showing yellow vein symptoms. Isolates of one of the begomoviruses, CoYVCUV, and one of the deltasatellites, DesLDD, represent novel species. Experiments with infectious clones showed the monopartite nature of CoYVCUV and that DesLDD utilizes the bipartite DesLDV as helper virus, but not the monopartite CoYVCUV. Also, CoYVCUV was shown to infect common bean in addition to Nicotiana benthamiana. This is the first time that (i) a monopartite New World begomovirus is found in a host other than tomato and (ii) deltasatellites have been found in C. siliquosus, thus extending the host and helper virus ranges of this recently recognized class of DNA satellites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elvira Fiallo-Olivé
- Instituto de Hortofruticultura Subtropical y Mediterránea "La Mayora", Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cient ficas - Universidad de Málaga (IHSM-CSIC-UMA), Málaga, Spain
| | - Jesús Navas-Castillo
- Instituto de Hortofruticultura Subtropical y Mediterránea "La Mayora", Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cient ficas - Universidad de Málaga (IHSM-CSIC-UMA), Málaga, Spain
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Mollel HG, Ndunguru J, Sseruwagi P, Alicai T, Colvin J, Navas-Castillo J, Fiallo-Olivé E. African Basil ( Ocimum gratissimum) Is a Reservoir of Divergent Begomoviruses in Uganda. Plant Dis 2020; 104:853-859. [PMID: 31910114 DOI: 10.1094/pdis-08-19-1675-re] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Begomoviruses are plant viruses that cause major losses to many economically important crops. Although they are poorly understood, begomoviruses infecting wild plants may have an important role as reservoirs in the epidemiology of viral diseases. This study reports the discovery and genomic characterization of three novel bipartite begomoviruses from wild and cultivated African basil (Ocimum gratissimum) plants collected in Uganda, East Africa. Based on the symptoms shown by the infected plants, the names proposed for these viruses are Ocimum yellow vein virus (OcYVV), Ocimum mosaic virus (OcMV), and Ocimum golden mosaic virus (OcGMV). Genome and phylogenetic analyses suggest that DNA-A of OcGMV is mostly related to begomoviruses infecting tomato in Africa, whereas those of OcYVV and OcMV are closely related to one another and highly divergent within the Old World begomoviruses. The DNA-A of all characterized begomovirus isolates are of a recombinant nature, revealing the role of recombination in the evolution of these begomoviruses. The viruses characterized here are the first identified in O. gratissimum and the first in Ocimum spp. in the African continent and could have important epidemiological consequences for cultivated basils and other important crops.[Formula: see text] Copyright © 2020 The Author(s). This is an open access article distributed under the CC BY 4.0 International license.
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Affiliation(s)
- Happyness G Mollel
- Instituto de Hortofruticultura Subtropical y Mediterránea "La Mayora", Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas - Universidad de Málaga, 29750 Algarrobo-Costa, Málaga, Spain
| | - Joseph Ndunguru
- Mikocheni Agricultural Research Institute, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
| | - Peter Sseruwagi
- Mikocheni Agricultural Research Institute, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
| | - Titus Alicai
- National Crops Resources Research Institute, Namulonge, Kampala, Uganda
| | - John Colvin
- Natural Resources Institute, University of Greenwich, Chatham Maritime, Kent, United Kingdom
| | - Jesús Navas-Castillo
- Instituto de Hortofruticultura Subtropical y Mediterránea "La Mayora", Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas - Universidad de Málaga, 29750 Algarrobo-Costa, Málaga, Spain
| | - Elvira Fiallo-Olivé
- Instituto de Hortofruticultura Subtropical y Mediterránea "La Mayora", Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas - Universidad de Málaga, 29750 Algarrobo-Costa, Málaga, Spain
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21
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Martins LGC, Raimundo GAS, Ribeiro NGA, Silva JCF, Euclydes NC, Loriato VAP, Duarte CEM, Fontes EPB. A Begomovirus Nuclear Shuttle Protein-Interacting Immune Hub: Hijacking Host Transport Activities and Suppressing Incompatible Functions. Front Plant Sci 2020; 11:398. [PMID: 32322262 PMCID: PMC7156597 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2020.00398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2020] [Accepted: 03/19/2020] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Begomoviruses (Geminiviridae family) represent a severe constraint to agriculture worldwide. As ssDNA viruses that replicate in the nuclei of infected cells, the nascent viral DNA has to move to the cytoplasm and then to the adjacent cell to cause disease. The begomovirus nuclear shuttle protein (NSP) assists the intracellular transport of viral DNA from the nucleus to the cytoplasm and cooperates with the movement protein (MP) for the cell-to-cell translocation of viral DNA to uninfected cells. As a facilitator of intra- and intercellular transport of viral DNA, NSP is predicted to associate with host proteins from the nuclear export machinery, the intracytoplasmic active transport system, and the cell-to-cell transport complex. Furthermore, NSP functions as a virulence factor that suppresses antiviral immunity against begomoviruses. In this review, we focus on the protein-protein network that converges on NSP with a high degree of centrality and forms an immune hub against begomoviruses. We also describe the compatible host functions hijacked by NSP to promote the nucleocytoplasmic and intracytoplasmic movement of viral DNA. Finally, we discuss the NSP virulence function as a suppressor of the recently described NSP-interacting kinase 1 (NIK1)-mediated antiviral immunity. Understanding the NSP-host protein-protein interaction (PPI) network will probably pave the way for strategies to generate more durable resistance against begomoviruses.
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Fiallo-Olivé E, Pan LL, Liu SS, Navas-Castillo J. Transmission of Begomoviruses and Other Whitefly-Borne Viruses: Dependence on the Vector Species. Phytopathology 2020; 110:10-17. [PMID: 31544592 DOI: 10.1094/phyto-07-19-0273-fi] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Most plant viruses require a biological vector to spread from plant to plant in nature. Among biological vectors for plant viruses, hemipteroid insects are the most common, including phloem-feeding aphids, whiteflies, mealybugs, planthoppers, and leafhoppers. A majority of the emerging diseases challenging agriculture worldwide are insect borne, with those transmitted by whiteflies (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) topping the list. Most damaging whitefly-transmitted viruses include begomoviruses (Geminiviridae), criniviruses (Closteroviridae), and torradoviruses (Secoviridae). Among the whitefly vectors, Bemisia tabaci, now recognized as a complex of cryptic species, is the most harmful in terms of virus transmission. Here, we review the available information on the differential transmission efficiency of begomoviruses and other whitefly-borne viruses by different species of whiteflies, including the cryptic species of the B. tabaci complex. In addition, we summarize the factors affecting transmission of viruses by whiteflies and point out some future research prospects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elvira Fiallo-Olivé
- Instituto de Hortofruticultura Subtropical y Mediterránea "La Mayora", Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas-Universidad de Málaga (IHSM-CSIC-UMA), 29750 Algarrobo-Costa, Málaga, Spain
| | - Li-Long Pan
- Ministry of Agriculture Key Lab of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Institute of Insect Sciences, Zhejiang University, 310058 Hangzhou, China
| | - Shu-Sheng Liu
- Ministry of Agriculture Key Lab of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Institute of Insect Sciences, Zhejiang University, 310058 Hangzhou, China
| | - Jesús Navas-Castillo
- Instituto de Hortofruticultura Subtropical y Mediterránea "La Mayora", Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas-Universidad de Málaga (IHSM-CSIC-UMA), 29750 Algarrobo-Costa, Málaga, Spain
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Kulshrestha S, Bhardwaj A, Vanshika. Geminiviruses: Taxonomic Structure and Diversity in Genomic Organization. Recent Pat Biotechnol 2019; 14:86-98. [PMID: 31793424 DOI: 10.2174/1872208313666191203100851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2019] [Revised: 11/04/2019] [Accepted: 11/25/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Geminiviridae is one of the best-characterized and hence, one of the largest plant-virus families with the highest economic importance. Its members characteristically have a circular ssDNA genome within the encapsidation of twinned quasi-icosaheadral virions (18-38 nm size-range). OBJECTIVE Construction of a narrative review on geminiviruses, to have a clearer picture of their genomic structure and taxonomic status. METHODS A thorough search was conducted for papers and patents regarding geminiviruses, where relevant information was used to study their genomic organization, diversity and taxonomic structure. RESULTS Geminiviruses have been classified into nine genera (viz., genus Begomovirus, Mastrevirus, Curtovirus, Topocuvirus, Becurtovirus, Turncurtovirus, Capulavirus, Eragrovirus and Grablovirus) having distinct genomic organizations, host ranges and insect vectors. Genomic organization of all genera generally shows the presence of 4-6 ORFs encoding for various proteins. For now, Citrus chlorotic dwarf-associated virus (CCDaV), Camellia chlorotic dwarf-associated virus (CaCDaV) and few other geminiviruses are still unassigned to any genera. The monopartite begomoviruses (and few mastreviruses) have been found associated with aplhasatellites and betasatellites (viz., ~1.3 kb circular ssDNA satellites). Recent reports suggest that deltasatellites potentially reduce the accumulation of helper-Begomovirus species in host plants. Some patents have revealed the methods to generate transgenic plants resistant to geminiviruses. CONCLUSION Geminiviruses rapidly evolve and are a highly diverse group of plant-viruses. However, research has shown new horizons in tackling the acute begomoviral diseases in plants by generating a novel bio-control methodology in which deltasatellites can be used as bio-control agents and generate transgenic plants resistant to geminiviruses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saurabh Kulshrestha
- School of Biotechnology, Faculty of Applied Sciences and Biotechnology, Shoolini University of Biotechnology and Management Sciences, Bajhol, Solan (H.P.), India
| | - Abhishek Bhardwaj
- School of Biotechnology, Faculty of Applied Sciences and Biotechnology, Shoolini University of Biotechnology and Management Sciences, Bajhol, Solan (H.P.), India
| | - Vanshika
- School of Biotechnology, Faculty of Applied Sciences and Biotechnology, Shoolini University of Biotechnology and Management Sciences, Bajhol, Solan (H.P.), India
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Rojas MR, Macedo MA, Maliano MR, Soto-Aguilar M, Souza JO, Briddon RW, Kenyon L, Rivera Bustamante RF, Zerbini FM, Adkins S, Legg JP, Kvarnheden A, Wintermantel WM, Sudarshana MR, Peterschmitt M, Lapidot M, Martin DP, Moriones E, Inoue-Nagata AK, Gilbertson RL. World Management of Geminiviruses. Annu Rev Phytopathol 2018; 56:637-677. [PMID: 30149794 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-phyto-080615-100327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 140] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Management of geminiviruses is a worldwide challenge because of the widespread distribution of economically important diseases caused by these viruses. Regardless of the type of agriculture, management is most effective with an integrated pest management (IPM) approach that involves measures before, during, and after the growing season. This includes starting with resistant cultivars and virus- and vector-free transplants and propagative plants. For high value vegetables, protected culture (e.g., greenhouses and screenhouses) allows for effective management but is limited owing to high cost. Protection of young plants in open fields is provided by row covers, but other measures are typically required. Measures that are used for crops in open fields include roguing infected plants and insect vector management. Application of insecticide to manage vectors (whiteflies and leafhoppers) is the most widely used measure but can cause undesirable environmental and human health issues. For annual crops, these measures can be more effective when combined with host-free periods of two to three months. Finally, given the great diversity of the viruses, their insect vectors, and the crops affected, IPM approaches need to be based on the biology and ecology of the virus and vector and the crop production system. Here, we present the general measures that can be used in an IPM program for geminivirus diseases, specific case studies, and future challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria R Rojas
- Department of Plant Pathology, University of California, Davis, California 95616, USA; , ,
| | - Monica A Macedo
- Department of Plant Pathology, University of California, Davis, California 95616, USA; , ,
| | - Minor R Maliano
- Department of Plant Pathology, University of California, Davis, California 95616, USA; , ,
| | - Maria Soto-Aguilar
- Department of Plant Pathology, University of California, Davis, California 95616, USA; , ,
| | - Juliana O Souza
- Department of Plant Pathology, University of California, Davis, California 95616, USA; , ,
| | - Rob W Briddon
- National Institute for Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering (NIBGE), Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | | | - Rafael F Rivera Bustamante
- Departamento de Ingeniería Genética, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional (Cinvestav), Unidad Irapuato, Irapuato, Guanajuato, Mexico 36821
| | - F Murilo Zerbini
- Departamento de Fitopatologia/Bioagro, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais 36570-900, Brazil
| | - Scott Adkins
- US Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Fort Pierce, Florida 34945, USA
| | - James P Legg
- International Institute of Tropical Agriculture, Dar-Es-Salaam, Tanzania
| | - Anders Kvarnheden
- Department of Plant Biology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala BioCenter and Linnean Center for Plant Biology in Uppsala, 75007 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - William M Wintermantel
- US Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Salinas, California 93905, USA
| | - Mysore R Sudarshana
- US Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, and Department of Plant Pathology, University of California, Davis, California 95616, USA
| | - Michel Peterschmitt
- Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement, UMR Biologie et Génétique des Interactions Plante-Parasite, F-34398 Montpellier, France
| | - Moshe Lapidot
- Department of Vegetable Research, Institute of Plant Sciences, Agricultural Research Organization, Volcani Center, Rishon LeZion 7505101, Israel
| | - Darren P Martin
- Computational Biology Division, Department of Integrative Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town 7925, South Africa
| | - Enrique Moriones
- Instituto de Hortofruticultura Subtropical y Mediterránea "La Mayora," Universidad de Málaga-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientficas (IHSM-UMA-CSIC), Estación Experimental "La Mayora," Algarrobo-Costa, Málaga 29750, Spain
| | | | - Robert L Gilbertson
- Department of Plant Pathology, University of California, Davis, California 95616, USA; , ,
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Mangal M, Srivastava A, Sharma R, Kalia P. Conservation and Dispersion of Genes Conferring Resistance to Tomato Begomoviruses between Tomato and Pepper Genomes. Front Plant Sci 2017; 8:1803. [PMID: 29163560 PMCID: PMC5681951 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2017.01803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2017] [Accepted: 10/04/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
In the present climate change scenario, controlling plant disease through exploitation of host plant resistance could contribute toward the sustainable crop production and global food security. In this respect, the identification of new sources of resistance and utilization of genetic diversity within the species may help in the generation of cultivars with improved disease resistance. Begomoviruses namely, Tomato yellow leaf curl virus (TYLCV) and Chilli leaf curl virus (ChLCV) are known to cause major yield losses in several economically important crop plants of the family Solanaceae. Though co-occurrence, association and synergistic interactions among these viruses in the host plants is reported, whether orthologous genetic loci in related host plants could be responsible for conferring resistance to these viruses has not been investigated yet. Several loci including Ty1, Ty2, Ty3, Ty4, and ty5 have been reported to confer resistance to leaf curl viruses in tomato. Here, we examined the pepper orthologous markers, corresponding to these QTL regions, for polymorphism between ChLCV susceptible and resistant genotypes of pepper. Further, to examine if the polymorphic markers are segregating with the disease resistance, Bulk Segregant Analysis (BSA) was performed on F2 population derived from crosses between resistant and susceptible lines. However, none of the markers showed polymorphism in BSA suggesting that the tested markers are not linked to genes/QTLs responsible for conferring resistance to ChLCV in the selected genotypes. In silico analysis was performed to study the synteny and collinearity of genes located within these QTL regions in tomato and pepper genomes, which revealed that more than 60% genes located in Ty2 and Ty4, 13.71% genes in Ty1, 23.07% in Ty3, and 44.77% genes located within ty5 QTL region in tomato are conserved in pepper genome. However, despite such a high conservation in gene content, the linkage relationship in these regions seems to be greatly affected by gross rearrangements in both the species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manisha Mangal
- Division of Vegetable Science, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | - Arpita Srivastava
- Division of Vegetable Science, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | - Rita Sharma
- Crop Genetics and Informatics Group, School of Computational and Integrative Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, India
| | - Pritam Kalia
- Division of Vegetable Science, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
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Rahman MU, Khan AQ, Rahmat Z, Iqbal MA, Zafar Y. Genetics and Genomics of Cotton Leaf Curl Disease, Its Viral Causal Agents and Whitefly Vector: A Way Forward to Sustain Cotton Fiber Security. Front Plant Sci 2017; 8:1157. [PMID: 28725230 PMCID: PMC5495822 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2017.01157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2017] [Accepted: 06/15/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Cotton leaf curl disease (CLCuD) after its first epidemic in 1912 in Nigeria, has spread to different cotton growing countries including United States, Pakistan, India, and China. The disease is of viral origin-transmitted by the whitefly Bemisia tabaci, which is difficult to control because of the prevalence of multiple virulent viral strains or related species. The problem is further complicated as the CLCuD causing virus complex has a higher recombination rate. The availability of alternate host crops like tomato, okra, etc., and practicing mixed type farming system have further exaggerated the situation by adding synergy to the evolution of new viral strains and vectors. Efforts to control this disease using host plant resistance remained successful using two gene based-resistance that was broken by the evolution of new resistance breaking strain called Burewala virus. Development of transgenic cotton using both pathogen and non-pathogenic derived approaches are in progress. In future, screening for new forms of host resistance, use of DNA markers for the rapid incorporation of resistance into adapted cultivars overlaid with transgenics and using genome editing by CRISPR/Cas system would be instrumental in adding multiple layers of defense to control the disease-thus cotton fiber production will be sustained.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehboob-ur- Rahman
- National Institute for Biotechnology and Genetic EngineeringFaisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Ali Q. Khan
- National Institute for Biotechnology and Genetic EngineeringFaisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Zainab Rahmat
- National Institute for Biotechnology and Genetic EngineeringFaisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad A. Iqbal
- National Institute for Biotechnology and Genetic EngineeringFaisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Yusuf Zafar
- Pakistan Agricultural Research CouncilIslamabad, Pakistan
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Iqbal Z, Sattar MN, Shafiq M. CRISPR/Cas9: A Tool to Circumscribe Cotton Leaf Curl Disease. Front Plant Sci 2016; 7:475. [PMID: 27148303 PMCID: PMC4828465 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2016.00475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2016] [Accepted: 03/24/2016] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
The begomoviruses (family Geminiviridae) associated with cotton leaf curl disease (CLCuD) pose a major threat to cotton productivity in South-East Asia including Pakistan and India. These viruses have single-stranded, circular DNA genome, of ∼2800 nt in size, encapsidated in twinned icosa-hedera, transmitted by ubiquitous whitefly and are associated with satellite molecules referred to as alpha- and betasatellite. To circumvent the proliferation of these viruses numerous techniques, ranging from conventional breeding to molecular approaches have been applied. Such devised strategies worked perfectly well for a short time period and then viruses relapse due to various reasons including multiple infections, where related viruses synergistically interact with each other, virus proliferation and evolution. Another shortcoming is, until now, that all molecular biology approaches are devised to control only helper begomoviruses but not to control associated satellites. Despite the fact that satellites could add various functions to helper begomoviruses, they remain ignored. Such conditions necessitate a very comprehensive technique that can offer best controlling strategy not only against helper begomoviruses but also their associated DNA-satellites. In the current scenario clustered regulatory interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)/CRISPR associated nuclease 9 (Cas9) has proved to be versatile technique that has very recently been deployed successfully to control different geminiviruses. The CRISPR/Cas9 system has been proved to be a comprehensive technique to control different geminiviruses, however, like previously used techniques, only a single virus is targeted and hitherto it has not been deployed to control begomovirus complexes associated with DNA-satellites. Here in this article, we proposed an inimitable, unique, and broad spectrum controlling method based on multiplexed CRISPR/Cas9 system where a cassette of sgRNA is designed to target not only the whole CLCuD-associated begomovirus complex but also the associated satellite molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zafar Iqbal
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Quaid-i-Azam Campus, University of the PunjabLahore, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad N. Sattar
- Department of Environment and Natural Resources, Faculty of Agriculture and Food Science, King Faisal UniversityAl-Hasa, Saudi Arabia
| | - Muhammad Shafiq
- Agricultural Biotechnology Division, National Institute for Biotechnology and Genetic EngineeringFaisalabad, Pakistan
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Machado JPB, Brustolini OJB, Mendes GC, Santos AA, Fontes EPB. NIK1, a host factor specialized in antiviral defense or a novel general regulator of plant immunity? Bioessays 2015; 37:1236-42. [PMID: 26335701 DOI: 10.1002/bies.201500066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2023]
Abstract
NIK1 is a receptor-like kinase involved in plant antiviral immunity. Although NIK1 is structurally similar to the plant immune factor BAK1, which is a key regulator in plant immunity to bacterial pathogens, the NIK1-mediated defenses do not resemble BAK1 signaling cascades. The underlying mechanism for NIK1 antiviral immunity has recently been uncovered. NIK1 activation mediates the translocation of RPL10 to the nucleus, where it interacts with LIMYB to fully down-regulate translational machinery genes, resulting in translation inhibition of host and viral mRNAs and enhanced tolerance to begomovirus. Therefore, the NIK1 antiviral immunity response culminates in global translation suppression, which represents a new paradigm for plant antiviral defenses. Interestingly, transcriptomic analyses in nik1 mutant suggest that NIK1 may suppress antibacterial immune responses, indicating a possible opposite effect of NIK1 in bacterial and viral infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joao P B Machado
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, BIOAGRO, National Institute of Science and Technology in Plant-Pest Interactions, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Brazil
| | - Otavio J B Brustolini
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, BIOAGRO, National Institute of Science and Technology in Plant-Pest Interactions, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Brazil
| | - Giselle C Mendes
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, BIOAGRO, National Institute of Science and Technology in Plant-Pest Interactions, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Brazil
| | - Anésia A Santos
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, BIOAGRO, National Institute of Science and Technology in Plant-Pest Interactions, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Brazil
| | - Elizabeth P B Fontes
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, BIOAGRO, National Institute of Science and Technology in Plant-Pest Interactions, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Brazil
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Rodelo-Urrego M, García-Arenal F, Pagán I. The effect of ecosystem biodiversity on virus genetic diversity depends on virus species: A study of chiltepin-infecting begomoviruses in Mexico. Virus Evol 2015; 1:vev004. [PMID: 27774278 PMCID: PMC5014474 DOI: 10.1093/ve/vev004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Current declines in biodiversity put at risk ecosystem services that are fundamental for human welfare. Increasing evidence indicates that one such service is the ability to reduce virus emergence. It has been proposed that the reduction of virus emergence occurs at two levels: through a reduction of virus prevalence/transmission and, as a result of these epidemiological changes, through a limitation of virus genetic diversity. Although the former mechanism has been studied in a few host-virus interactions, very little is known about the association between ecosystem biodiversity and virus genetic diversity. To address this subject, we estimated genetic diversity, synonymous and non-synonymous nucleotide substitution rates, selection pressures, and frequency of recombinants and re-assortants in populations of Pepper golden mosaic virus (PepGMV) and Pepper huasteco yellow vein virus (PHYVV) that infect chiltepin plants in Mexico. We then analyzed how these parameters varied according to the level of habitat anthropization, which is the major cause of biodiversity loss. Our results indicated that genetic diversity of PepGMV (but not of PHYVV) populations increased with the loss of biodiversity at higher levels of habitat anthropization. This was mostly the consequence of higher rates of synonymous nucleotide substitutions, rather than of adaptive selection. The frequency of recombinants and re-assortants was higher in PepGMV populations infecting wild chiltepin than in those infecting cultivated ones, suggesting that genetic exchange is not the main mechanism for generating genetic diversity in PepGMV populations. These findings provide evidence that biodiversity may modulate the genetic diversity of plant viruses, but it may differentially affect even two closely related viruses. Our analyses may contribute to understanding the factors involved in virus emergence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuel Rodelo-Urrego
- Centro de Biotecnología y Genómica de Plantas (UPM-INIA) and Dpto. de Biotecnología, Campus Montegancedo, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Autopista M40 (Km. 38), 28223, Pozuelo de Alarcón, Madrid, Spain
| | - Fernando García-Arenal
- Centro de Biotecnología y Genómica de Plantas (UPM-INIA) and Dpto. de Biotecnología, Campus Montegancedo, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Autopista M40 (Km. 38), 28223, Pozuelo de Alarcón, Madrid, Spain
| | - Israel Pagán
- Centro de Biotecnología y Genómica de Plantas (UPM-INIA) and Dpto. de Biotecnología, Campus Montegancedo, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Autopista M40 (Km. 38), 28223, Pozuelo de Alarcón, Madrid, Spain
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Cotton leaf curl disease in the Indian subcontinent is associated with several distinct begomoviruses that interact with a disease-specific DNA satellite named Cotton leaf curl Multan betasatellite (CLCuMB). However, we have recently reported that Chili leaf curl betasatellite (ChLCB) is also occasionally found associated with the disease in Pakistan. The question as to whether ChLCB contributes to the development of disease symptoms such as leaf curling and enations remain to be answered. We have previously shown that the expression of βC1 of CLCuMB develops all symptoms of cotton leaf curl disease in Nicotiana benthamiana when expressed from PVX vector. FINDINGS The role of ChLCB in the induction of typical disease symptoms was studied by its expression from PVX vector in N. benthamiana. The expression of βC1 from PVX vector developed severe leaf curl symptoms and leaf-like enations that resemble the phenotype induced by βC1 of CLCuMB. CONCLUSIONS The results presented here show that the expression of βC1 of ChLCB from PVX vector exhibit phenotype typical of cotton leaf curl and therefore ChLCB may contribute to the disease symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad N Tahir
- Agricultural Biotechnology Division, National Institute for Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Shahid Mansoor
- Agricultural Biotechnology Division, National Institute for Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Faisalabad, Pakistan
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McLaughlin PD, McLaughlin WA, Maxwell DP, Roye ME. Identification of Begomoviruses Infecting Crops and Weeds in Belize. Plant Viruses 2008; 2:58-63. [PMID: 20596296 PMCID: PMC2894479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Plants including pepper, red kidney bean, squash, string bean and tomato, as well as weeds with viral symptoms were collected from five districts in Belize over a three year period with the aim of determining the diversity of the begomoviruses present. Sixty five percent of the samples screened via DNA hybridization produced signals indicative of begomovirus infection. Subsequent PCR amplifications and nucleotide sequence analyses revealed the presence of four begomoviruses in Belize. Pepper golden mosaic virus and Tomato mottle virus-[Flo] were found associated with tomato and sweet pepper and the former was also isolated from hot pepper. Merremia mosaic virus was found infecting hot pepper, sweet pepper and the weed species Euphorbia heterophylla. Euphorbia mosaic virus-[Yucatan Peninsula] was found in hot pepper and Euphorbia. This is the first report of the identification of begomoviruses in Belize.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pamela D McLaughlin
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Biochemistry Section, University of the West Indies, Mona, Kingston 7, Jamaica
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Abstract
Geminivirus infection of sweetpotato (Ipomoea spp.) germplasm acquired from foreign regions is common. Graft inoculation of the indicator host, Ipomoea setosa, is the accepted detection method for these viruses, but the assay is laborious and requires up to 8 weeks. When infected sweetpotato is subjected to meristem tip culture to eliminate these viruses, the eradication rate is low. In this study, a polymerase chain reaction (PCR) detection assay was developed for the detection of geminiviruses in a variety of sweetpotato cultivars. Different methods were evaluated to extract nucleic acids suitable for PCR from Ipomoea spp., and a reliable and simple extraction method was developed for large-scale sample preparation. PCR products of the expected sizes were amplified from infected plants using degenerate and virus-specific primers, but not from noninoculated indicator plants. PCR assays using three primer pairs detected nine uncharacterized isolates of the geminiviruses in sweetpotato from Asia and America. However, the best PCR result was obtained with degenerate primers SPG1/SPG2, which detected a Taiwan isolate of Sweet potato leaf curl virus (SPLCV-Taiwan) in a sample diluted to 10-9. Viral identities of three amplicons from SPLCV-Taiwan were confirmed by sequencing. The degenerate primers had a broader detection range than virus-specific primers; therefore, they were used to detect geminiviruses in in vitro plantlets and greenhouse-grown sweetpotato plants, and in several Ipomoea hosts. PCR was shown to be as reliable for virus detection as grafting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruhui Li
- United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service, Fruit Laboratory/Plant Germplasm Quarantine Office, Beltsville, MD 20705
| | - Sarbagh Salih
- United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service, Fruit Laboratory/Plant Germplasm Quarantine Office, Beltsville, MD 20705
| | - Suzanne Hurtt
- United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service, Fruit Laboratory/Plant Germplasm Quarantine Office, Beltsville, MD 20705
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