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Głąbska D, Guzek D, Skolmowska D, Adamczyk JG, Nałęcz H, Mellová B, Żywczyk K, Baj-Korpak J, Gutkowska K. Influence of Food Habits and Participation in a National Extracurricular Athletics Program on Body Weight within a Pair-Matched Sample of Polish Adolescents after One Year of Intervention-#goathletics Study. Nutrients 2023; 15:5106. [PMID: 38140365 PMCID: PMC10745295 DOI: 10.3390/nu15245106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Revised: 12/09/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic reduced the physical activity level and commitment in adolescents, which has resulted in a body weight increase, and the World Health Organization (WHO) emphasizes that this negative trend must be now counteracted. The aim of this study was to assess the influence of food habits and participation in a national extracurricular athletics program (Athletics for All) on body weight within a pair-matched sample of Polish adolescents after one year of intervention. The #goathletics Study was conducted in a population of Polish adolescents within two pair-matched groups: 506 adolescents aged 10-14, including 281 female and 225 male adolescents, regularly participating in Athletics for All program for at least 9 months (one school year) (intervention group), and a pair-matched control group (matched taking into account city, gender, and age). The #goathletics Study included the assessment of the body weight, which was conducted based on the growth reference charts for Body Mass Index (BMI), and waist circumference to verify central fatness. Athletics for All participation and food habits were verified as determinants of body weight, while food habits were assessed using the validated Adolescents' Food Habits Checklist (AFHC). While compared the intervention group and control group, statistically significant differences were observed for body weight, BMI, and waist circumference, both for crude and relative values, with adolescents participating in the Athletics for All program presenting a lower risk of excessive body weight and central fatness (p < 0.05), while, compared to sub-groups stratified by AFHC score, no statistically significant differences in general anthropometric characteristics were observed (p > 0.05). While the body weight centile, height centile, BMI centile and waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) were assessed as the resultant variables, it was revealed that participation in the Athletics for All program is the only influencing factor in multi-factor analysis of variance (ANOVA) for body weight centile (F = 21.44; p < 0.0001) and BMI centile (F = 47.98; p < 0.0001), but for height centile and WHtR, none of the assessed factors influenced these variables. It was concluded that regularly participating in the Athletics for All program for at least 9 months was the only determinant of a lower risk of excessive body weight in adolescents, with declared food habits and gender not being significant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominika Głąbska
- Department of Dietetics, Institute of Human Nutrition Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences (SGGW-WULS), 159C Nowoursynowska Street, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland; (D.G.); (D.S.)
| | - Dominika Guzek
- Department of Food Market and Consumer Research, Institute of Human Nutrition Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences (SGGW-WULS), 159C Nowoursynowska Street, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland;
| | - Dominika Skolmowska
- Department of Dietetics, Institute of Human Nutrition Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences (SGGW-WULS), 159C Nowoursynowska Street, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland; (D.G.); (D.S.)
| | - Jakub Grzegorz Adamczyk
- Department of Theory of Sport, Józef Piłsudski University of Physical Education, 34 Marymoncka Street, 00-968 Warsaw, Poland;
| | - Hanna Nałęcz
- Pedagogy and Psychology Department, Józef Piłsudski University of Physical Education, 34 Marymoncka Street, 00-968 Warsaw, Poland;
| | - Blanka Mellová
- Nutrition, Health and Wellness Unit, Nestlé Polska S.A., 32 Domaniewska Street, 02-672 Warsaw, Poland; (B.M.); (K.Ż.)
| | - Katarzyna Żywczyk
- Nutrition, Health and Wellness Unit, Nestlé Polska S.A., 32 Domaniewska Street, 02-672 Warsaw, Poland; (B.M.); (K.Ż.)
| | - Joanna Baj-Korpak
- Department of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Health Sciences, John Paul II University in Biala Podlaska, 95/97 Sidorska Street, 21-500 Biala Podlaska, Poland;
| | - Krystyna Gutkowska
- Department of Food Market and Consumer Research, Institute of Human Nutrition Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences (SGGW-WULS), 159C Nowoursynowska Street, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland;
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Eslami M, Pourghazi F, Khazdouz M, Tian J, Pourrostami K, Esmaeili-Abdar Z, Ejtahed HS, Qorbani M. Optimal cut-off value of waist circumference-to-height ratio to predict central obesity in children and adolescents: A systematic review and meta-analysis of diagnostic studies. Front Nutr 2023; 9:985319. [PMID: 36687719 PMCID: PMC9846615 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.985319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Waist circumference-to-height ratio (WHtR) is a simple anthropometric index with good screening power and fast interpretation for early detection of childhood abdominal obesity. This systematic review and meta-analysis aims to determine the best cut-off value of WHtR to use in clinical setting. Methods Comprehensive searches were conducted in PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science by the end of March 2021. Observational studies investigated the best WHtR cut-off to detect abdominal obesity in children and adolescents were included. Thirteen articles (n = 180,119) were included in this systematic review and eight documents were included in the meta-analysis. Results The overall optimal cut-off was 0.49 with pooled sensitivity, specificity and diagnostic odds ratio (DOR) of 0.93 (95% confidence interval (CI): 0.93-0.96), 0.88 (95% CI: 0.85-0.91) and 102.6 (95% CI: 50.7-207.5), respectively. The optimal WHtR cut-off to predict abdominal obesity in girls and boys were both 0.49. Discussion The current study shows that we could use this cut-off as a simple index for predicting abdominal obesity in children and adolescents without the need for any charts in practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maysa Eslami
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farzad Pourghazi
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Khazdouz
- Growth and Development Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Jing Tian
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS, Australia
| | - Kumars Pourrostami
- Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
| | - Zahra Esmaeili-Abdar
- Dietary Supplements and Probiotic Research Center, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
| | - Hanieh-Sadat Ejtahed
- Obesity and Eating Habits Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mostafa Qorbani
- Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
- Chronic Diseases Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Asiri F, Dixit S, Alsubaie SF, Gular K, Alshahrani A, Reddy RS, Gautam AP, Tedla JS. Comparison of Neck Circumference, Waist Circumference, and Skinfold Thickness in Measuring the Subcutaneous Fat Distribution and Their Association with Handgrip Strength: Cross-Sectional Study. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2022; 19:14283. [PMID: 36361158 PMCID: PMC9656996 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192114283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2022] [Revised: 10/26/2022] [Accepted: 10/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Skinfold measurement (SKF) can accurately measure abdominal obesity and is regarded as a surrogate marker to predict non-communicable diseases. The objective of the present study was to observe the degree of association between neck circumference (NC), SKF and handgrip strength (HGS). Secondly, also to know the effects of smoking on NC, HGS and SKF. The mean and standard deviations and frequencies in percentage were analyzed, respectively. The degree of association between NC, anthropometric characters and HGS was also analyzed using the Pearson correlation. Furthermore, multiple linear regression models were used to study the degree of influence of independent variables on dependent variables. Correlation assessment for neck circumference with waist circumference and HGS revealed a weak association. While with SKF for four sites, a strong association was found. A significant regression was found among the smokers in the model (F (2, 7) = 5.2, p-value of 0.04 with an R2 of 0.598). The predictor variables, like waist and NC, can produce a variation of 59.8% in the dependent variable. Whereas, among non-smokers, an insignificant regression was seen. In conclusion, neck circumference is associated with SKF. However, a small sample size of young smokers revealed that NC and waist circumference influenced HGS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faisal Asiri
- Department of Medical Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Khalid University, Abha 62529, Saudi Arabia
| | - Snehil Dixit
- Department of Medical Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Khalid University, Abha 62529, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saud F. Alsubaie
- Department of Physical Therapy and Health Rehabilitation, College of Applied Medical Sciences in Al-Kharj, Prince Sattam bin Abdul-Aziz University, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
| | - Kumar Gular
- Department of Medical Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Khalid University, Abha 62529, Saudi Arabia
| | - Adel Alshahrani
- Physical Therapy Program, Health Rehabilitation Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Najran University, Najran 11001, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ravi Shankar Reddy
- Department of Medical Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Khalid University, Abha 62529, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ajay Prashad Gautam
- Department of Medical Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Khalid University, Abha 62529, Saudi Arabia
| | - Jaya Shanker Tedla
- Department of Medical Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Khalid University, Abha 62529, Saudi Arabia
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Ahmad Bahathig A, Abu Saad H, Md Yusop NB, Mohd Shukri NH, El-Din MME. Relationship between Physical Activity, Sedentary Behavior, and Anthropometric Measurements among Saudi Female Adolescents: A Cross-Sectional Study. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2021; 18:ijerph18168461. [PMID: 34444210 PMCID: PMC8392146 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18168461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2021] [Revised: 08/05/2021] [Accepted: 08/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Overweight and obesity are becoming increasingly prevalent among children and adolescents in Saudi Arabia and are an emerging cause of non-communicable diseases (NCDs). Lifestyle factors, such as insufficient levels of physical activity and sedentary behaviors, are responsible for the increased prevalence of NCDs. This study aimed to determine the association between physical activity levels, sedentary behaviors, and anthropometric measurements in Saudi female adolescents. A cross-sectional study was carried out among 399 healthy female adolescent students aged 13–14 years in Arar, Saudi Arabia. The participants were randomly selected from different schools and their anthropometric measurements were determined. The Physical Activity Questionnaire for Older Children (PAQ-C) and the Adolescent Sedentary Activity Questionnaire (ASAQ) were used to assess their physical activity levels and sedentary behaviors, and an analysis was conducted using IBM SPSS software version 25. A multiple linear regression model was used to determine the association between the variables. The majority of the participants had a normal body mass index (BMI; 79.4%) and waist circumference (WC; 62.4%). A total of 74.4% had waist to height ratio (WHtR) < 0.5. About 92.7% of the participants were not meeting PA recommendations of 60 min of moderate to vigorous physical activity daily. The overall mean time spent on sedentary activities was high on both weekdays and weekend days at 357.64 ± 86.29 and 470.51 ± 147.64 min/day, respectively. Moreover, anthropometric measurement (BMI) was positively associated with age and negatively associated with sedentary behavior on weekends, while WHtR was positively associated with age. The multiple linear regression analysis also showed that age and sedentary behavior significantly predicted BMI among the study participants (F (2, 396) = 4.346, p < 0.014) and age was the only significant predictor of WHtR (F (1, 397) = 16.191, p ≤ 0.001). This study revealed that most of the female Saudi adolescents undertook low levels of activity and high levels of sedentary behaviors. Sedentary behaviors were significantly associated with their BMI. Accordingly, an intervention program on healthy lifestyles is important to improve Saudi female adolescents’ lifestyles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abeer Ahmad Bahathig
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine and Health Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia, UPM Serdang, Selangor 43400, Malaysia; (A.A.B.); (N.H.M.S.)
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, College of Home Economic, Northern Border University, Arar 91431, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Hazizi Abu Saad
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine and Health Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia, UPM Serdang, Selangor 43400, Malaysia; (A.A.B.); (N.H.M.S.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Nor Baizura Md Yusop
- Department of Dietetics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia, UPM Serdang, Selangor 43400, Malaysia;
| | - Nurul Husna Mohd Shukri
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine and Health Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia, UPM Serdang, Selangor 43400, Malaysia; (A.A.B.); (N.H.M.S.)
| | - Maha M. Essam El-Din
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, College of Home Economic, Northern Border University, Arar 91431, Saudi Arabia;
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Faculty of Home Economics, Helwan University, Cairo 11790, Egypt
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Kumar S, Kant R, Yadav P, Natarajan K, Bahurupi Y, Mishra A. A Community-Based Study on Waist-to-Height Ratio: An Indicator for Systolic Hypertension in a Rural Community of Hilly Region. Cureus 2021; 13:e16014. [PMID: 34336504 PMCID: PMC8320356 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.16014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
The prevalence of hypertension gradually becomes a serious public health threat as it is a very pertinent risk factor for cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. This study aims to estimate the prevalence of isolated systolic hypertension (ISH) among the hilly region's rural community and identify the indicators of ISH among study participants. A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 1220 participants in the rural community of the hilly region. A multistage random sampling technique was applied to recruit the participants. Demographic and anthropometric dimensions were measured to analyze the outcome of the study. The participants' mean age was 44.42 ± 15.54 years, with a majority of 822 female participants (67.40%). The prevalence of ISH was found as 27.45%. A statistically significant positive correlation (p < 0.05) of the waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) and body mass index (BMI) were observed with systolic blood pressure (SBP) in male as well as female participants, whereas BMI and WHtR had no correlation with diastolic blood pressure (DBP). Among female participants, the area under the curve (AUC) for BMI and WHtR was 0.604 (95% confidence interval 0.565-0.643, p-value = 0.020*) and 0.622 (95% confidence interval 0.584-0.660, p-value = 0.020*), respectively. Among male participants, the AUC for BMI and WHtR was 0.574 and 0.592, respectively. Hence, it cannot be considered very satisfactory. The increasing prevalence of ISH in a rural community is also a public health concern. At the preliminary stage, anthropocentric measurements are the primary tool for a family physician while treating the patients. This study concluded that WHtR is a better indicator than BMI for systolic hypertension. Although we have not observed a strong correlation of WHtR with systolic hypertension, it is required to perform future research to support this study's evidence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Santosh Kumar
- Community and Family Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Rishikesh, Rishikesh, IND
| | - Ravi Kant
- General Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Rishikesh, Rishikesh, IND.,College of Nursing, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Rishikesh, Rishikesh, IND
| | - Poonam Yadav
- College of Nursing, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Rishikesh, Rishikesh, IND
| | - Kavitha Natarajan
- Physiology, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Puducherry, IND
| | - Yogesh Bahurupi
- Community and Family Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Rishikesh, Rishikesh, IND
| | - Ashutosh Mishra
- Community and Family Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Rishikesh, Rishikesh, IND
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Tsai KZ, Huang RY, Cheng WC, Su FY, Lin YP, Chang CY, Lin GM. Comparisons of various anthropometric indexes with localized Stage II/III periodontitis in young adults: The CHIEF oral health study. J Periodontol 2020; 92:958-967. [PMID: 33141430 DOI: 10.1002/jper.20-0275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2020] [Revised: 09/13/2020] [Accepted: 10/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A J-shaped relationship of body mass index (BMI) with severe periodontitis has been reported. However, it is unknown for other anthropometric indexes in young adults. METHODS A cross-sectional study examined the relationships in 325 military men and women, aged 20 to 45 years in Taiwan. Anthropometric indexes included BMI, waist circumference (WC), and waist-to-height ratio (WHtR). The severity of localized periodontitis was defined as healthy (n = 42), Stage I (initial) (n = 228), and Stage II/III (moderate/severe) (n = 55) according to the 2017 Periodontal Diseases Classification. Smooth curve fitting and multiple logistic regression analyses adjusting for age, sex, betel nut consumption, and smoking were used to determine the threshold effect between various anthropometric and the risk of localized Stage II/III periodontitis. RESULTS In the spline smoothing plot, the turning points for BMI, WC, and WHtR were 26.1 kg/m2 , 90.0 cm, and 0.50, respectively, and a J-shaped relationship was found for BMI (the likelihood ratio test, P <0.001). In the multiple logistic regressions, BMI ≥27.0 kg/m2 , WC ≥90.0 cm and WHtR ≥0.50 were associated with higher risk of localized Stage II/III periodontitis than their counterparts (24.0 to 26.9 kg/m2 for BMI) (odds ratios [OR] and 95% confidence intervals: 4.16 [1.39 to 12.49], 2.65 [1.01 to 7.11], and 2.95 [1.20 to 7.24], respectively; all P values <0.05). However, the risk for BMI <24.0 kg/m2 was not significant (OR, 1.47 [0.47 to 4.54]). CONCLUSION In young adults, obesity defined by various anthropometrics was consistently associated with localized Stage II/III periodontitis and a J-shaped association was suggestive for BMI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun-Zhe Tsai
- Department of Medicine, Hualien Armed Forces General Hospital, Hualien, Taiwan.,Departments of Dentistry, Tri-Service General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Dental Science, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan.,School of Dentistry, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ren-Yeong Huang
- Departments of Dentistry, Tri-Service General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Dental Science, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan.,School of Dentistry, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wan-Chien Cheng
- Departments of Dentistry, Tri-Service General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Dental Science, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan.,School of Dentistry, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Fang-Ying Su
- Institute of Statistics, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu City, Taiwan.,Biotechnology R and D Center, National Taiwan University Hospital Hsinchu Branch, Hsinchu County, Taiwan
| | - Yen-Po Lin
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Taipei Tzu-Chi Hospital, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Chan-Yuan Chang
- Department of Medicine, Hualien Armed Forces General Hospital, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Gen-Min Lin
- Department of Medicine, Hualien Armed Forces General Hospital, Hualien, Taiwan.,Departmnet of Internal Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
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Seloka MA, Matshipi M, Mphekgwana PM, Monyeki KD. Obesity Indices to Use for Identifying Metabolic Syndrome among Rural Adults in South Africa. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2020; 17:E8321. [PMID: 33187051 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17228321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2020] [Revised: 07/03/2020] [Accepted: 07/05/2020] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a cluster of metabolic conditions that aggravate the likelihood of cardiovascular diseases and type 2 diabetes mellitus. This study was aimed to identify the best obesity index to determine MetS. This was a cross-sectional study and part of the Ellisras Longitudinal Study where 593 (289 males and 304 females) adults aged 22–30 years took part. Confirmatory factor analysis was used to test the single-factor models of MetS defined by mid arterial pressure, fasting blood glucose, triglycerides and commonly selected obesity indices such as Neck circumference (NC), Body mass index (BMI), Waist circumference (WC) and Waist to height ratio (WHtR) as indicators of MetS. It was found that a single model fit built based on WC and WHtR suggested a better fit index than NC and BMI in males, whereas, a model built on NC obtained a better fit index for females than other factor models. In conclusion, the result of the present study suggests that in rural Ellisras adult’s, WC and WHtR are the best obesity indices for determining MetS in males and NC in females than other indices. Hence, longitudinal studies are recommended to allow causality to be drawn between obesity indices and MetS.
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Bachmann R, Leonard D, Nachit M, Remue C, Abbes Orabi N, Desmet L, Faber B, Danse E, Trefois P, Kartheuser A. Comparison between abdominal fat measured by CT and anthropometric indices as prediction factors for mortality and morbidity after colorectal surgery. Acta Gastroenterol Belg 2018; 81:477-483. [PMID: 30645915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
AIM This study aims to determine which anthropometric (body mass index (BMI), waist-hip-ratio (WHR) and waist-to-height ratio (WHtR)) and radiological (visceral fat area (VFA) measured by CT scan) measurements of adiposity correlated better with postoperative outcome of colorectal cancer (CRC) surgery. We also assessed which of these measurements best predicted overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS). METHODS Data from 90 consecutive Caucasian CRC patients who underwent surgery for colorectal cancer between 2010 and 2011 with a median follow-up of 53.25 months were analysed. The correlations of different adiposity measurements and postoperative outcomes were determined using logistic regression models and multivariate analyses. RESULTS Higher WHtR (p = 0.007) and VFA (p = 0.01) significantly increased the risk of overall morbidity, especially of Clavien-Dindo III or IV. The WHtR correlated best with VFA (p <0.0001), which is considered the gold standard for measuring visceral fat, whereas BMI (p = 0.15) was not a good predictor of postoperative morbidity. Multivariate analyses showed consistently significant results for postoperative complications for VFA in combination with all of the other variables analysed and for WHtR, confirming that VFA and WHtR were reliable independent prognostic factors of morbidity. VFA had a significant effect on OS (p = 0.012) but did not correlate with DFS (p = 0.51). CONCLUSIONS Both VFA and WHtR independently provided predictive data for potential postoperative complications after CRC surgery. In case CT scan was used for diagnostic purposes, VFA should be used in routine clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Bachmann
- Colorectal Surgery Unit, Cliniques universitaires Saint-Luc, Brussels, Belgium, Université Catholique de Louvain
| | - D Leonard
- Colorectal Surgery Unit, Cliniques universitaires Saint-Luc, Brussels, Belgium, Université Catholique de Louvain
| | - M Nachit
- Radiology Department, Cliniques universitaires Saint-Luc, Brussels, Belgium, Université Catholique de Louvain
| | - Ch Remue
- Colorectal Surgery Unit, Cliniques universitaires Saint-Luc, Brussels, Belgium, Université Catholique de Louvain
| | - N Abbes Orabi
- Colorectal Surgery Unit, Cliniques universitaires Saint-Luc, Brussels, Belgium, Université Catholique de Louvain
| | - L Desmet
- Plateforme Technologique de Support en Méthodologie et Calcul Statistique, Institut Multidisciplinaire pour la Modélisation et l'Analyse Quantitative (SMCS-IMMAQ), Université Catholique de Louvain
| | - B Faber
- Colorectal Surgery Unit, Cliniques universitaires Saint-Luc, Brussels, Belgium, Université Catholique de Louvain
| | - E Danse
- Radiology Department, Cliniques universitaires Saint-Luc, Brussels, Belgium, Université Catholique de Louvain
| | - P Trefois
- Radiology Department, Cliniques universitaires Saint-Luc, Brussels, Belgium, Université Catholique de Louvain
| | - A Kartheuser
- Colorectal Surgery Unit, Cliniques universitaires Saint-Luc, Brussels, Belgium, Université Catholique de Louvain
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Staub K, Floris J, Koepke N, Trapp A, Nacht A, Schärli Maurer S, Rühli FJ, Bender N. Associations between anthropometric indices, blood pressure and physical fitness performance in young Swiss men: a cross-sectional study. BMJ Open 2018; 8:e018664. [PMID: 29886438 PMCID: PMC6009476 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2017-018664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To assess the benefit of waist circumference (WC) measurements during routine conscription medical examination in two military conscription centres in Switzerland. We compared the prevalence of overweight and obesity assessed by body mass index (BMI) with the prevalence of elevated disease risks assessed by WC and waist-to-height ratio (WHtR). We investigated how these measures were associated with systolic blood pressure, physical fitness performance and socioeconomic determinants. DESIGN Cross-sectional survey. SETTING Two Swiss conscription centres in 2016. PARTICIPANTS 1548 Swiss male conscripts, 18-22 years old. MAIN OUTCOME Prevalences of elevated WC, WHtR and BMI values according to WHO categories. Secondary outcomes include systolic blood pressure, physical fitness performance and endurance performance. RESULTS Using BMI cut-points, 25.0% of all conscripts were overweight or obese. When applying WC cut-points, 9.2% had an increased disease risk, while 14.8% of the conscripts were at risk using WHtR cut-points. In the BMI range of 25.0-27.4 kg/m2, 3.6% showed an increased disease risk when using WC and 24.6% when using WHtR cut-points. Of the conscripts with a BMI of 27.5-29.9 kg/m2, 72.4% had an increased disease risk using WHtR, and 42.5% when using WC cut-points. Determinants of elevated BMI, WC and WHtR were low occupational status, rural residential area, older age and location in central and Northwest Switzerland. Systolic blood pressure increased with increasing BMI, WC and WHtR. Physical fitness and endurance test performances decreased with increasing BMI, WC and WHtR. CONCLUSION In addition to BMI, WC and WHtR add relevant information to the health assessment of young men. However, the prevalence of overweight/increased health risk differed when using BMI, WC or WHtR. Further studies should include measures of body composition to test whether these differences arise from muscular young men within the overweight BMI range, who had a normal WC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaspar Staub
- Institute of Evolutionary Medicine, University of Zurich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Joël Floris
- Institute of Evolutionary Medicine, University of Zurich, Zürich, Switzerland
- Department of Economics, University of Zurich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Nikola Koepke
- Institute of Evolutionary Medicine, University of Zurich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Adrian Trapp
- Swiss Armed Forces, Recruiting Centre 2 Sumiswald and Army Medical Services, Sumiswald, Switzerland
| | - Andreas Nacht
- Swiss Armed Forces, Recruiting Centre 6 Mels and Army Medical Services, Mels, Switzerland
| | - Susanna Schärli Maurer
- Swiss Armed Forces, Recruiting Centre 4 Windisch and Army Medical Services, Windisch, Switzerland
| | - Frank J Rühli
- Institute of Evolutionary Medicine, University of Zurich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Nicole Bender
- Institute of Evolutionary Medicine, University of Zurich, Zürich, Switzerland
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10
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Subclinical hypothyroidism (SCH) is a commonly encountered entity in day-to-day clinical practice and has been associated with adverse cardiovascular risk profile in adults and children. Data on children and adolescents with SCH, from India, are limited. MATERIALS AND METHODS This study was a cross-sectional case-control study, conducted at a tertiary care center in Northeast India. Twenty-seven children and adolescents aged 11 ± 2.4 years with SCH and thyroid-stimulating hormone >7.5 mIU/L were included in the study along with 20 age-, gender-, and height-matched controls. Multiple clinical, biochemical, and radiological cardiovascular risk factors were assessed and compared between the two groups. RESULTS Body mass index (BMI) (P = 0.048), waist circumference (P = 0.008), waist to height ratio (P = 0.007), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (P = 0.04), triglycerides (TGs) (P = 0.038), TGs to high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol ratio (P = 0.005), non-HDL cholesterol (P = 0.019), fasting insulin (P = 0.006), and homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (P = 0.007) were found to be significantly higher while free T4 (P = 0.002) and HDL cholesterol (P = 0.019) were found to be significantly lower in SCH subjects compared to controls. On multiple regression analysis, BMI was found to have significant association with multiple cardiovascular risk factors. CONCLUSION Children and adolescents with SCH were found to have adverse cardiovascular risk profile. Long-term follow-up studies are required to assess the clinical significance of these findings and requirement for therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yogesh Yadav
- Department of Endocrinology, Gauhati Medical College, Guwahati, Assam, India
| | - Uma Kaimal Saikia
- Department of Endocrinology, Gauhati Medical College, Guwahati, Assam, India
| | - Dipti Sarma
- Department of Endocrinology, Gauhati Medical College, Guwahati, Assam, India
| | - Manoj Hazarika
- Department of Radiology, Assam Medical College, Dibrugarh, Assam, India
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Uday S, Gorman S, Feltbower RG, Mathai M. Ethnic variation in the correlation between waist to height ratio and total daily insulin requirement in children with type 1 diabetes: a cross-sectional study. Pediatr Diabetes 2017; 18:128-135. [PMID: 26843216 DOI: 10.1111/pedi.12363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2015] [Revised: 08/24/2015] [Accepted: 12/22/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Total daily insulin required to achieve glycaemic control in type 1 diabetes (T1D) depends on numerous factors. Correlation of insulin requirement to body mass index and waist circumference has been variably reported in the literature and that of waist-to-height ratio has not been studied. AIMS To study the correlation between daily insulin requirement [total daily dose (TDD)] and waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) in a multiethnic population. METHODS A cross-sectional study of children (5-18 years) with T1D attending a diabetes clinic in a multiethnic population in Bradford, UK was conducted. Physical measurements were undertaken in the clinic setting and data collected from case notes and patients/carers. RESULTS Sixty nine patients with mean age 12.7(±3.1) yr, duration of diabetes 5.4(±3.5) yr and hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) 80(±18)mmol/mol(9.5 ± 1.6%) were recruited. Nearly 54% (n = 37) were white and 46% were non-white (29 Asian Pakistani; 1 Indian; 2 mixed White Afro-Caribbean). The two groups had similar demographics and disease profiles. Non-whites compared with whites had a higher prevalence of obesity (15 vs 5%, p < 0.01), family history of type 2 diabetes (T2D) (49% vs. 33%), microalbuminuria (22% vs. 11%, p < 0.05) and deprivation (mean index of multiple deprivation score 42 vs. 30, p < 0.001). WHtR and TDD were poorly correlated in the whole group. There was however a significant positive correlation in Caucasians (r = 0.583, N = 37, p < 0.01) and a negative correlation in Asian Pakistanis (r = -0.472, N = 32, p < 0.01); with a significant negative correlation seen in subjects with relatives with T2D (r = -0.86, N = 6, p = 0.02). CONCLUSIONS The variation in correlations highlights that the two ethnic groups behave differently and should therefore be studied separately with regards to factors influencing insulin requirements with careful consideration to the presence of parental IR. Further prospective studies are required to explore the reasons for these differences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suma Uday
- Department of Paediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes, Leeds Children's Hospital, Leeds, UK
| | - Shaun Gorman
- Department of Paediatrics, Bradford Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Bradford, UK
| | | | - Mathew Mathai
- Department of Paediatrics, Bradford Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Bradford, UK
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12
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Debnath S. BMI is a Better Indicator of Cardiac Risk Factors, as against Elevated Blood Pressure in Apparently Healthy Female Adolescents and Young Adult Students: Results From a Cross-Sectional Study in Tripura. Indian J Community Med 2016; 41:292-298. [PMID: 27890980 PMCID: PMC5112971 DOI: 10.4103/0970-0218.193340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2015] [Accepted: 06/11/2016] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Anthropometric measures are used as indicators of elevated blood pressure, but reported to have variable sensitivity among populations. This study was undertaken to identify the better indicator of Cardiac-risk factors by statistical comparison of BMI, Waist circumference, and Waist to Height (WtHr) ratio in apparently healthy adolescents and young adult female students of Tripura. MATERIALS AND METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted in a resource limited setup on 210 apparently healthy female adolescents and young adult students in Tripura. Mean (±SD) of all parameters were compared (ANOVA) to recognize significant independent (anthropometric measures) and dependent factors (blood pressure indices and so on). Correlation (r) analysis was used to identify the better (p) indicator of blood pressure indices (dependent variable) and its impact was assessed by Multiple Regression analysis. RESULTS blood pressure indices are comparatively higher in obese and overweight participants with statistically significant (95.5% confidence) mean differences. Significant correlation with dependent factors is observed with BMI followed by WtHr and Waist Circumference. Impact of anthropometric measures with blood pressure Indices is most significant for BMI (P ≤ 0.020) followed by WtHr (P ≤ 0.500) and waist circumference (P ≤ 0.520). CONCLUSION BMI is a superior indicator of blood pressure indices and can identify participants at risk even in apparently healthy adolescent and young adult females.
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Affiliation(s)
- Surajit Debnath
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Women's Polytechnic, Hapania, Tripura, India
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13
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Nezami M, Segovia-Siapco G, Beeson WL, Sabaté J. Associations between Consumption of Dairy Foods and Anthropometric Indicators of Health in Adolescents. Nutrients 2016; 8:nu8070427. [PMID: 27420094 PMCID: PMC4963903 DOI: 10.3390/nu8070427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2016] [Revised: 06/11/2016] [Accepted: 07/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Childhood obesity is associated with a greater chance of a lifetime of obesity. Evidence suggests dairy at recommended levels could be beneficial in maintaining normal weight and body composition. We assessed whether dairy consumption is associated with anthropometric indicators of health (z-scores for weight-for-age (WAZ); height-for-age (HAZ) and body mass index (BMIZ); waist-to-height ratio (WHtR); fat-free mass (FFM); and fat mass (FM)) in adolescents. In a cross-sectional study, 536 males and females ages 12–18 completed a 151-item semi-quantitative web-based food frequency questionnaire that included 34 dairy-containing foods. Dairy foods were categorized into milk, cheese, sweetened dairy, and total dairy. Anthropometrics were measured during school visits. Total dairy intake was associated with WAZ (β = 0.25 (95% CI: 0.01, 0.49), p = 0.045) and HAZ (β = 0.28 (95% CI: 0.04, 0.52), p = 0.021). In boys, total dairy was associated with WHtR (β = 0.02 (95% CI: 0.00, 0.04), p = 0.039), FFM (β = 4.83 (95% CI: 1.79, 7.87), p = 0.002), and FM (β = 3.89 (95% CI: 0.58, 7.21), p = 0.021), and cheese was associated with FFM (β = 4.22 (95% CI: 0.98, 7.47), p = 0.011). Dairy consumption seems to influence growth in both genders, and body composition and central obesity in boys. Prospective studies are needed to identify how types of dairy relate to growth, body composition, and central obesity of adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manijeh Nezami
- Center for Nutrition, Healthy Lifestyles, and Disease Prevention, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA 92350, USA.
| | - Gina Segovia-Siapco
- Center for Nutrition, Healthy Lifestyles, and Disease Prevention, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA 92350, USA.
| | - W Lawrence Beeson
- Center for Nutrition, Healthy Lifestyles, and Disease Prevention, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA 92350, USA.
| | - Joan Sabaté
- Center for Nutrition, Healthy Lifestyles, and Disease Prevention, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA 92350, USA.
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14
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Kang SH, Cho KH, Park JW, Do JY. Comparison of waist to height ratio and body indices for prediction of metabolic disturbances in the Korean population: the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2008-2011. BMC Endocr Disord 2015; 15:79. [PMID: 26643250 PMCID: PMC4672527 DOI: 10.1186/s12902-015-0075-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2015] [Accepted: 12/01/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of the present study of the general population was to identify the best predictor of metabolic risk among the body index variables evaluated with dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) or anthropometric indices including the waist to height ratio (WHtR). PATIENTS AND METHODS Data from the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2008-2011 were used for the analyses. As a result, 15,965 participants were included in this study. The body mass (BM) index was calculated as the body weight divided by the height squared. The WHtR was calculated as the waist circumference divided by height. Body composition indices such as lean mass (LM), fat mass (FM), trunk fat mass (TFM), and bone mineral content (BMC) were determined by using DEXA. Skeletal muscle mass (SM) was defined as the sum of the lean soft masses of both extremities. The LM, FM, BMC, TFM, and SM indices were calculated by dividing the total LM, total FM, total BMC, TFM, or SM by the height squared. RESULTS The WHtR had the highest area under the curve (AUC) and was the best predictor of metabolic syndrome for both sexes. In addition, the WHtR had the highest AUCs for components of metabolic syndrome (male: AUC 0.823, 95 % confidence interval [CI] 0.814-0.832; female: AUC 0.870, 95 % CI 0.863-0.877). There was a small statistically significant difference in AUC between WHtR and the other indices. Multivariate logistic regression showed that male participants in the second, third, and fourth quartiles had a 4.0 (95 % CI, 3.1-5.2), 9.6 (95 % CI, 7.5-12.3), and 36.1 (95 % CI, 28.0-46.4) times increased risk of metabolic syndrome compared with patients in the first quartile and female participants in the second, third, and fourth quartiles had a 4.3 (95 % CI, 3.1-6.0), 18.0 (95 % CI, 13.3-24.5), and 58.5 (95 % CI, 42.9-79.9) times increased risk of metabolic syndrome compared with patients in the first quartile. CONCLUSION Among the BM, FM, LM, SM, TFM, and WHtR indices, WHtR is most useful to predict the presence of metabolic syndrome and insulin resistance in the Korean population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seok Hui Kang
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yeungnam University Hospital, 317-1 Daemyung-Dong, Nam-Ku, Daegu, 705-717, South Korea.
| | - Kyu Hyang Cho
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yeungnam University Hospital, 317-1 Daemyung-Dong, Nam-Ku, Daegu, 705-717, South Korea.
| | - Jong Won Park
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yeungnam University Hospital, 317-1 Daemyung-Dong, Nam-Ku, Daegu, 705-717, South Korea.
| | - Jun Young Do
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yeungnam University Hospital, 317-1 Daemyung-Dong, Nam-Ku, Daegu, 705-717, South Korea.
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15
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Kaur S, Sharma A, Singh HJ. Waist related anthropometric measures - simple and useful predictors of coronary artery disease in women. Int J Physiol Pathophysiol Pharmacol 2014; 6:216-220. [PMID: 25755843 PMCID: PMC4348709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2014] [Accepted: 10/01/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
AIM To compare the waist related anthropometric measures like waist circumference, waist-to-height ratio (WHtR), waist - hip ratio (WHR) and body mass index (BMI) as predictors of coronary artery disease (CAD) in women. METHODS The study included 88 women aged 40-80 years. Waist circumference, hip circumference, height, weight, age, and other covariates were collected by questionnaire. The primary endpoint was incident coronary heart disease that was reported by physician. The data was analyzed statistically using χ(2)-test for quantitative data and student t-test. The significance of the results as determined in 95.0% confidence interval. RESULTS The mean age was 59.07 ± 11.53 in the study group and 54.36 ± 10.84 in the control group. The waist circumference in the study group was higher (95.443 ± 11.187) than the control group (74.886 ± 6.672) (p < 0.001). The mean waist to hip ratio (WHR) was 0.96 ± 0.08 in the study group and 0.78 ± 0.06 in the control group (p < 0.001). The mean waist to height ratio (WHtR) was 0.62 ± 0.07 in the study group and 0.48 ± 0.04 in the control group (p < 0.001). Waist derived measures were superior to BMI in predicting CAD. The unadjusted AUC (95% Confidence Interval) was 0.008 (0.006-0.095) for WHtR, 0.001 (0.00 0.002) for waist - hip ratio, and 1 (0.323-1.766) for body mass index. CONCLUSION Waist related anthropometric measures are important predictors as CAD risk factors among middle-aged and older women, as compared to BMI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sharanjit Kaur
- Department of Pharmacology, M.M. Medical College and HospitalKumarhatti Solan, H.P
| | - Anand Sharma
- Department of Physiology, M.M. Medical College and HospitalKumarhatti Solan, H.P
| | - Harinder Jot Singh
- Department of Physiology, M.M. Medical College and HospitalKumarhatti Solan, H.P
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Lin WY, Lung CC, Liu TS, Jian ZH, Ko PC, Huang JY, Ho CC, Chen SC, Chiang YC, Liaw YP. The association of anthropometry indices with gout in Taiwanese men. BMC Endocr Disord 2013; 13:30. [PMID: 23947924 PMCID: PMC3751530 DOI: 10.1186/1472-6823-13-30] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2013] [Accepted: 06/24/2013] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND To examine the association of anthropometry indices with gout and to compare the performance of indices to predict gout in Taiwanese men. METHODS There were 1443 male subjects aged more than 20 years who participated in the Nutrition and Health Survey in Taiwan (NAHSIT, 1993-1996). Anthropometric evaluation consisted of weight, height, hip and waist circumference (WC) with later body mass index (BMI), waist to height (WHtR) and waist to hip (WHR) estimations. We conducted 4 logistic models to determine the relationships between anthropometric indices and gout. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve were used to compare the predictive performance and to identify the optimal cut-off points, sensitivity and specificity of these indices for gout in men. RESULTS After controlling for other covariables, the adjusted odds ratios for the mid and top tertiles of WHtR were 2.55 (95% CI: 1.16, 5.59) and 3.01 (95% CI: 1.13, 7.99), respectively, but no linear association was found for BMI, WHR and WC. In ROC curve, the greatest area under curve was 0.684 for WHtR and the cut-off point of WHtR was 0.57. CONCLUSIONS WHtR had a significant linear association with gout in Taiwanese men and was superior to BMI, WHR and WC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Yu Lin
- Jen-Ai Hospital, Taichung City, 41265, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Chi Lung
- Department of Public Health and Institute of Public Health, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung City 40201, Taiwan
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung City 40201, Taiwan
| | - Ting-Sung Liu
- Department of Public Health and Institute of Public Health, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung City 40201, Taiwan
| | - Zhi-Hong Jian
- Department of Public Health and Institute of Public Health, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung City 40201, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Chieh Ko
- Department of Public Health and Institute of Public Health, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung City 40201, Taiwan
| | - Jing-Yang Huang
- Department of Public Health and Institute of Public Health, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung City 40201, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Chang Ho
- Department of Health and Leisure Management, Yuanpei University, Hsinchu City 300, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Chang Chen
- Department of Leisure Industry and Health Promotion, National Ilan University, Yilan City 260, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Chen Chiang
- Department of Public Health and Institute of Public Health, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung City 40201, Taiwan
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung City 40201, Taiwan
| | - Yung-Po Liaw
- Department of Public Health and Institute of Public Health, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung City 40201, Taiwan
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung City 40201, Taiwan
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Wai WS, Dhami RS, Gelaye B, Girma B, Lemma S, Berhane Y, Bekele T, Khali A, Williams MA. Comparison of measures of adiposity in identifying cardiovascular disease risk among Ethiopian adults. Obesity (Silver Spring) 2012; 20:1887-95. [PMID: 21546936 PMCID: PMC3587124 DOI: 10.1038/oby.2011.103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
We sought to determine which measures of adiposity can predict cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk and to evaluate the extent to which overall and abdominal adiposity are associated with cardiometabolic risk factors among working adults in Ethiopia. This was a cross-sectional study of 1,853 individuals (1,125 men, 728 women) in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. The World Health Organization STEPwise approach was used to collect sociodemographic data, anthropometric measurements, and blood samples among study subjects. Fasting blood glucose (FBG) and lipid concentrations were measured using standard approaches. Spearman's rank correlation, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves, and logistic regression were employed to determine the association and predictive ability (with respect to CVD risk factors) of four measures of adiposity: BMI, waist circumference (WC), waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), and waist-to-height ratio (WHtR). Overall, FBG is best associated with WHtR in men and WC in women. Systolic blood pressure (SBP) is most strongly associated with BMI in men, but with WC in women. Compared to those with low BMI and low WC, the risk of having CVD is the highest for those with high BMI and high WC and those with high WC and low BMI. Review of ROC curves indicated that WC is the best predictor of CVD risk among study subjects. Findings from our study underscore the feasibility and face validity of using simple measures of central and overall adiposity in identifying CVD risk in resource-poor settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wint S Wai
- Department of Epidemiology, Multidisciplinary International Research Training Program, University of Washington School of Public Health, Seattle, Washington, USA
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Ashwell M, Gibson S. Waist to height ratio is a simple and effective obesity screening tool for cardiovascular risk factors: Analysis of data from the British National Diet And Nutrition Survey of adults aged 19-64 years. Obes Facts 2009; 2:97-103. [PMID: 20054212 PMCID: PMC6444829 DOI: 10.1159/000203363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE AND METHOD To analyse data from the nationally representative National Diet and Nutrition Survey (NDNS) collected in 2000/2001 and to investigate how the BMI and two proxy indicators of central fat distribution, namely the waist circumference and the waist to height ratio (WHtR), are associated with each other and with cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors. RESULTS Screening health risk by BMI alone would 'miss' 35% of men and 14% of women who are within the normal BMI range (18.5-25 kg/m(2)) but have central fat distribution, defined by WHtR > 0.5. In the total population this equates to 17% of all men and 6% of all women who would be inadequately screened by BMI alone. Compared to BMI, WHtR was more closely associated with CVD risk factors among both men and women. Furthermore, in a combined analysis of men and women, central fat distribution with a normal BMI was associated with higher levels of CVD risk factors than being overweight without central fat distribution. CONCLUSION WHtR is a simple and effective, non-invasive screening tool for CVD risk factors. Our proposed boundary value of 0.5 translates into a simple public health message: 'Keep your waist circumference to less than half your height'.
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