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Abbas G, Tanveer M, Abbas ZH, Waqas M, Baker T, Al-Jumeily OBE D. A secure remote user authentication scheme for 6LoWPAN-based Internet of Things. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0258279. [PMID: 34748568 PMCID: PMC8575280 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0258279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Accepted: 09/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
One of the significant challenges in the Internet of Things (IoT) is the provisioning of guaranteed security and privacy, considering the fact that IoT devices are resource-limited. Oftentimes, in IoT applications, remote users need to obtain real-time data, with guaranteed security and privacy, from resource-limited network nodes through the public Internet. For this purpose, the users need to establish a secure link with the network nodes. Though the IPv6 over low-power wireless personal area networks (6LoWPAN) adaptation layer standard offers IPv6 compatibility for resource-limited wireless networks, the fundamental 6LoWPAN structure ignores security and privacy characteristics. Thus, there is a pressing need to design a resource-efficient authenticated key exchange (AKE) scheme for ensuring secure communication in 6LoWPAN-based resource-limited networks. This paper proposes a resource-efficient secure remote user authentication scheme for 6LoWPAN-based IoT networks, called SRUA-IoT. SRUA-IoT achieves the authentication of remote users and enables the users and network entities to establish private session keys between themselves for indecipherable communication. To this end, SRUA-IoT uses a secure hash algorithm, exclusive-OR operation, and symmetric encryption primitive. We prove through informal security analysis that SRUA-IoT is secured against a variety of malicious attacks. We also prove the security strength of SRUA-IoT through formal security analysis conducted by employing the random oracle model. Additionally, we prove through Scyther-based validation that SRUA-IoT is resilient against various attacks. Likewise, we demonstrate that SRUA-IoT reduces the computational cost of the nodes and communication overheads of the network.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ghulam Abbas
- Faculty of Computer Science and Engineering, GIK Institute of Engineering Sciences and Technology, Topi, Pakistan
- Telecommunications and Networking Research Center, GIK Institute of Engineering Sciences and Technology, Topi, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Tanveer
- Telecommunications and Networking Research Center, GIK Institute of Engineering Sciences and Technology, Topi, Pakistan
| | - Ziaul Haq Abbas
- Faculty of Electrical Engineering, GIK Institute of Engineering Sciences and Technology, Topi, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Waqas
- Engineering Research Center of Intelligent Perception and Autonomous Control, Faculty of Information Technology, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Thar Baker
- Department of Computer Science, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Dhiya Al-Jumeily OBE
- School of Computer Science and Mathematics, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, United Kingdom
- * E-mail:
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Kobayashi T, Taka F, Suzuki T. Can "Googling" correct misbelief? Cognitive and affective consequences of online search. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0256575. [PMID: 34550993 PMCID: PMC8457483 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0256575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2021] [Accepted: 07/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
With increasing concern over online misinformation in perspective, this study experimentally examined the cognitive as well as the affective consequences of online search. Results of the two experiments using widely shared, prejudiced misinformation about an ethnic minority in Japan indicated that (a) online search reduces on average the likelihood of believing the misinformation, (b) the magnitude of the effect is larger among those who are predisposed to believe the misinformation, (c) cognitive correction is observed whether searchers are motivated to achieve a directional goal or an accuracy goal, and (d) online search deteriorates affective feeling toward the target groups of the misinformation. Theoretical implications are discussed in relation to the robustness of confirmation bias in online search and the “belief echo” in which exposure to negative misinformation continues to shape attitudes even after the misinformation has been effectively discredited.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tetsuro Kobayashi
- Department of Media and Communication, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, S. A. R., China
- * E-mail:
| | - Fumiaki Taka
- Faculty of Human Sciences, Kanagawa University, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Takahisa Suzuki
- Department of Policy Studies, Tsuda University, Tokyo, Japan
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Fox MP, Carr K, D'Agostino McGowan L, Murray EJ, Hidalgo B, Banack HR. Will Podcasting and Social Media Replace Journals and Traditional Science Communication? No, but... Am J Epidemiol 2021; 190:1625-1631. [PMID: 34089048 DOI: 10.1093/aje/kwab172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2021] [Revised: 06/01/2021] [Accepted: 06/02/2021] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The digital world in which we live is changing rapidly. The evolving media environment is having a direct impact on traditional forms of communication and knowledge translation in public health and epidemiology. Openly accessible digital media can be used to reach a broader and more diverse audience of trainees, scientists, and the lay public than can traditional forms of scientific communication. The new digital landscape for delivering content is vast, and new platforms are continuously being added. In this article, we focus on several, including Twitter and podcasting, and discuss their relevance to epidemiology and science communication. We highlight 3 key reasons why we think epidemiologists should be engaging with these mediums: 1) science communication, 2) career advancement, and 3) development of a community and public service. Other positive and negative consequences of engaging in these forms of new media are also discussed. The authors of this commentary are all engaged in social media and podcasting for scientific communication, and we reflect on our experiences with these mediums as tools to advance the field of epidemiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katherine A McNamara
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, California State University, Northridge, California
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Abstract
SIGNIFICANCE Dry eye disease is a common condition with many complementary and alternative therapies promoted online. Patients may inquire about these therapies, and clinicians should be aware of the existence, safety, and efficacy of these therapies, as well as the quality of available online information. PURPOSE Complementary and alternative medicine is a multibillion-dollar industry with increasing popularity. Dry eye disease is a chronic condition with many complementary and alternative therapies described online. Patients may inquire about and elect to forgo conventional treatments in favor of these therapies. This study identified alternative treatments for dry eye disease described online and evaluated the Web sites that described them. METHODS An Internet search algorithm identified Web sites describing complementary and alternative therapies for dry eye disease. Web site quality was assessed using the Sandvik score to evaluate Web site ownership, authorship, source, currency, interactivity, navigability, and balance. The potential risk of Web sites to patients was assessed using a risk scoring system. A list of described therapies was compiled. RESULTS Eight Web sites describing complementary and alternative therapies for dry eye disease were assessed. The Sandvik score classified more than half of the Web sites as "satisfactory" and none as "poor." The overall mean risk score was low at 0.9. One Web site displayed information that discouraged the use of conventional medicine, whereas no Web sites discouraged adhering to clinicians' advice. The Web sites listed 12 therapies with a further 32 found in Web site comments. The most common therapies were acupuncture, vitamin supplements, homeopathic eye drops, castor oil, coconut oil, and chamomile eye wash. CONCLUSIONS The majority of analyzed Web sites were of satisfactory quality with a low potential risk to patients. However, some Web sites were biased toward their own therapies, lacked proper referencing, and/or did not identify authorship. Further research is required to ascertain the efficacy and safety of these therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Micah E J Rapata
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
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Han Y, Jiang B, Guo R. Factors Affecting Public Adoption of COVID-19 Prevention and Treatment Information During an Infodemic: Cross-sectional Survey Study. J Med Internet Res 2021; 23:e23097. [PMID: 33600348 PMCID: PMC7954112 DOI: 10.2196/23097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2020] [Revised: 10/20/2020] [Accepted: 02/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND With the spread of COVID-19, an infodemic is also emerging. In public health emergencies, the use of information to enable disease prevention and treatment is incredibly important. Although both the information adoption model (IAM) and health belief model (HBM) have their own merits, they only focus on information or public influence factors, respectively, to explain the public's intention to adopt online prevention and treatment information. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to fill this gap by using a combination of the IAM and the HBM as the framework for exploring the influencing factors and paths in public health events that affect the public's adoption of online health information and health behaviors, focusing on both objective and subjective factors. METHODS We carried out an online survey to collect responses from participants in China (N=501). Structural equation modeling was used to evaluate items, and confirmatory factor analysis was used to calculate construct reliability and validity. The goodness of fit of the model and mediation effects were analyzed. RESULTS The overall fitness indices for the model developed in this study indicated an acceptable fit. Adoption intention was predicted by information characteristics (β=.266, P<.001) and perceived usefulness (β=.565, P<.001), which jointly explained nearly 67% of the adoption intention variance. Information characteristics (β=.244, P<.001), perceived drawbacks (β=-.097, P=.002), perceived benefits (β=.512, P<.001), and self-efficacy (β=.141, P<.001) jointly determined perceived usefulness and explained about 81% of the variance of perceived usefulness. However, social influence did not have a statistically significant impact on perceived usefulness, and self-efficacy did not significantly influence adoption intention directly. CONCLUSIONS By integrating IAM and HBM, this study provided the insight and understanding that perceived usefulness and adoption intention of online health information could be influenced by information characteristics, people's perceptions of information drawbacks and benefits, and self-efficacy. Moreover, people also exhibited proactive behavior rather than reactive behavior to adopt information. Thus, we should consider these factors when helping the informed public obtain useful information via two approaches: one is to improve the quality of government-based and other official information, and the other is to improve the public's capacity to obtain information, in order to promote truth and fight rumors. This will, in turn, contribute to saving lives as the pandemic continues to unfold and run its course.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yangyang Han
- School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Binshan Jiang
- School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Rui Guo
- School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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Nutley SK, Bertolace L, Vieira LS, Nguyen B, Ordway A, Simpson H, Zakrzewski J, Camacho MR, Eichenbaum J, Nosheny R, Weiner M, Mackin RS, Mathews CA. Internet-based hoarding assessment: The reliability and predictive validity of the internet-based Hoarding Rating Scale, Self-Report. Psychiatry Res 2020; 294:113505. [PMID: 33070108 PMCID: PMC8080473 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2020.113505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2020] [Accepted: 10/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The Hoarding Rating Scale, Self Report (HRS-SR) is a 5-item assessment developed to ascertain the presence and severity of hoarding symptoms. This study aimed to evaluate the validity of an online adaptation of the HRS-SR in a remote, unsupervised internet sample of 23,214 members of the Brain Health Registry (BHR), an online research registry that evaluates and longitudinally monitors cognition, medical and psychiatric health status. Convergent validity was assessed among a sub-sample of 1,183 participants who completed additional, remote measures of self-reported hoarding behaviors. Structured clinical interviews conducted in-clinic and via video conferencing tools were conducted among 230 BHR participants; ROC curves were plotted to assess the diagnostic performance of the internet-based HRS-SR using best estimate hoarding disorder (HD) diagnoses as the gold standard. The area under the curve indicated near-perfect model accuracy, and was confirmed with 10-fold cross validation. Sensitivity and specificity for distinguishing clinically relevant hoarding were optimized using an HRS-SR total score cut-off of 5. Longitudinal analyses indicated stability of HRS-SR scores over time. Findings indicate that the internet-based HRS-SR is a useful and valid assessment of hoarding symptoms, though additional research using samples with more diverse hoarding behavior is needed to validate optimal cut-off values.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara K Nutley
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Lyvia Bertolace
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Luis Sordo Vieira
- Department of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Binh Nguyen
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Ashley Ordway
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Heather Simpson
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Jessica Zakrzewski
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Monica R Camacho
- San Francisco VA Medical Center, San Francisco, California, United States
| | - Joseph Eichenbaum
- San Francisco VA Medical Center, San Francisco, California, United States; Department of Radiology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States
| | - Rachel Nosheny
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States
| | - Michael Weiner
- Department of Radiology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States; Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States
| | - R Scott Mackin
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States; Department of Mental Health, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, San Francisco, California, United States
| | - Carol A Mathews
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States.
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Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has caused a complementary infodemic, whereby various outlets and digital media portals shared false information and unsourced recommendations on health. In addition, journals and authors published a mass of academic articles at a speed that suggests a non-existent or a non-rigorous peer review process. Such lapses can promote false information and adoption of health policies based on misleading data. Reliable information is vital for designing and implementing preventive measures and promoting health awareness in the fight against COVID-19. In the age of social media, information travels wide and fast, emphasizing a need for accurate data to be corroborated swiftly and for preventing misleading information from wide dissemination. Here, we discuss the implications of the COVID-19 infodemic and explore practical ways to leverage health communication strategies to overcome it. We propose the "Infodemic Response Checklist" as a comprehensive tool to overcome the challenges posed by the current and any future infodemics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nour Mheidly
- Faculty of Information, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Jawad Fares
- Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA.
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Chang K, Berthelet E, Grubbs E, Hamilton S, Karvat A, Tran E, Wu J, Ingledew PA. Websites, Websites Everywhere: How Thyroid Cancer Patients Use the Internet. J Cancer Educ 2020; 35:1177-1183. [PMID: 31332622 DOI: 10.1007/s13187-019-01576-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Thyroid cancer incidence rates and Internet use are both increasing. Thyroid cancer is common in young patients, who are likely to use the Internet. This study aims to characterize thyroid cancer patient Internet use and search patterns, usability of online resources, and effects on clinical care. From May to December 2017, inclusive, patients with thyroid cancer attending two tertiary cancer centers were invited to complete a survey about Internet use. Thirty-nine of 72 questionnaires were returned (54%). Ninety-seven percent of participants used the Internet, and 87% had looked for thyroid cancer information. The majority (94%) searched on Google. Patients most often looked for information about treatment (94%) and symptom management (76%). Many patients evaluated content quality by comparing several resources (71%), discussing with a physician (56%) or using a credible academic or government site (53%). Online information was somewhat hard to understand for 32%, but 91% found it useful. Over half (60%) of treatment decisions were affected by web resources, and information helped 50% of patients make decisions with their physicians. Respondents highlighted a lack of resources on survivorship and uncommon tumors such as medullary or anaplastic cancer. Physicians should recognize that patients overwhelmingly access online information, which often impacts patients' decision-making. Clinicians can guide thyroid cancer patients through abundant web-based information and assist in interpreting this information. Educators can use this information to guide resource development, tailoring content and design to thyroid cancer patients' needs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kimberley Chang
- University of British Columbia, MD Undergraduate Program, Faculty of Medicine, 317 - 2194 Health Sciences Mall, Vancouver, V6T 1Z3, BC, Canada
| | - Eric Berthelet
- BC Cancer - Vancouver; Division of Radiation Oncology, Department of Surgery, University of British Columbia, 600 West 10th Avenue, Vancouver, BC, V5Z 4E6, Canada
| | - Elizabeth Grubbs
- Department of Surgical Oncology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1400 Pressler St., Houston, TX, 77030-4009, USA
| | - Sarah Hamilton
- BC Cancer - Vancouver; Division of Radiation Oncology, Department of Surgery, University of British Columbia, 600 West 10th Avenue, Vancouver, BC, V5Z 4E6, Canada
| | - Anand Karvat
- BC Cancer - Surrey; Division of Radiation Oncology, Department of Surgery, University of British Columbia, 13750 96th Avenue, Surrey, BC, V3V 1Z2, Canada
| | - Eric Tran
- BC Cancer - Vancouver; Division of Radiation Oncology, Department of Surgery, University of British Columbia, 600 West 10th Avenue, Vancouver, BC, V5Z 4E6, Canada
| | - Jonn Wu
- BC Cancer - Vancouver; Division of Radiation Oncology, Department of Surgery, University of British Columbia, 600 West 10th Avenue, Vancouver, BC, V5Z 4E6, Canada
| | - Paris-Ann Ingledew
- BC Cancer - Vancouver; Division of Radiation Oncology, Department of Surgery, University of British Columbia, 600 West 10th Avenue, Vancouver, BC, V5Z 4E6, Canada.
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Mukhiya SK, Wake JD, Inal Y, Pun KI, Lamo Y. Adaptive Elements in Internet-Delivered Psychological Treatment Systems: Systematic Review. J Med Internet Res 2020; 22:e21066. [PMID: 33245285 PMCID: PMC7732710 DOI: 10.2196/21066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2020] [Revised: 08/19/2020] [Accepted: 10/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Internet-delivered psychological treatments (IDPTs) are built on evidence-based psychological treatment models, such as cognitive behavioral therapy, and are adjusted for internet use. The use of internet technologies has the potential to increase access to evidence-based mental health services for a larger proportion of the population with the use of fewer resources. However, despite extensive evidence that internet interventions can be effective in the treatment of mental health disorders, user adherence to such internet intervention is suboptimal. OBJECTIVE This review aimed to (1) inspect and identify the adaptive elements of IDPT for mental health disorders, (2) examine how system adaptation influences the efficacy of IDPT on mental health treatments, (3) identify the information architecture, adaptive dimensions, and strategies for implementing these interventions for mental illness, and (4) use the findings to create a conceptual framework that provides better user adherence and adaptiveness in IDPT for mental health issues. METHODS The review followed the guidelines from Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA). The research databases Medline (PubMed), ACM Digital Library, PsycINFO, CINAHL, and Cochrane were searched for studies dating from January 2000 to January 2020. Based on predetermined selection criteria, data from eligible studies were analyzed. RESULTS A total of 3341 studies were initially identified based on the inclusion criteria. Following a review of the title, abstract, and full text, 31 studies that fulfilled the inclusion criteria were selected, most of which described attempts to tailor interventions for mental health disorders. The most common adaptive elements were feedback messages to patients from therapists and intervention content. However, how these elements contribute to the efficacy of IDPT in mental health were not reported. The most common information architecture used by studies was tunnel-based, although a number of studies did not report the choice of information architecture used. Rule-based strategies were the most common adaptive strategies used by these studies. All of the studies were broadly grouped into two adaptive dimensions based on user preferences or using performance measures, such as psychometric tests. CONCLUSIONS Several studies suggest that adaptive IDPT has the potential to enhance intervention outcomes and increase user adherence. There is a lack of studies reporting design elements, adaptive elements, and adaptive strategies in IDPT systems. Hence, focused research on adaptive IDPT systems and clinical trials to assess their effectiveness are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Ka I Pun
- Western Norway University of Applied Sciences, Bergen, Norway
| | - Yngve Lamo
- Western Norway University of Applied Sciences, Bergen, Norway
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Ruble KJ, Paré-Blagoev EJ, Cooper SL, Jacobson LA. Assessment of Online Resources for Returning to School During and After Treatment of Childhood Cancer. J Cancer Educ 2020; 35:876-884. [PMID: 31049872 DOI: 10.1007/s13187-019-01537-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
To evaluate current online parent education resources for children returning to school after a cancer diagnosis. Online search was conducted using 3 search engines and terms recommended by affected families. Sites were evaluated by 3 reviewers for understandability and actionability (scored 0-100%) using the Patient Education Materials Assessment Tool (PEMAT). Readability was assessed using Flesch-Kincaid (grade K-12) and content comprehensiveness by a clinical expert review for 5 late effect domains (scored 0-100%). A total of 56 unique online resources were evaluated. Mean understandability and actionability scores were 54% (range 17-83) and 36% (range 0-83) respectively. The mean Flesch-Kincaid grade level was 10th grade (mode 12th). Comprehensiveness of domain coverage was 34% (mode 20%). Some high-quality materials for this topic are available, but generally low scores on the PEMAT scales and high reading level estimates on Flesch-Kincaid indicate parents may have difficulty understanding and using the information. The low scores for comprehensiveness of information indicate parents will likely need to access multiple sources for complete information. A table provides the names, website (URL), and scoring for the 24 top-rated sites and can be used to make recommendations to parents with improved confidence in quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathy Jeanne Ruble
- Bloomberg Children's Center, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins Hospital, 1800 Orleans St., Baltimore, MD, 21234, USA.
| | | | - Stacy Lorine Cooper
- Bloomberg Children's Center, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins Hospital, 1800 Orleans St., Baltimore, MD, 21234, USA
| | - Lisa Anne Jacobson
- Bloomberg Children's Center, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins Hospital, 1800 Orleans St., Baltimore, MD, 21234, USA
- Kennedy Krieger Institute, 1750 E Fairmount Ave, Baltimore, MD, 21231, USA
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Abstract
Although much is known about the quality of online health information (OHI) for many malignancies, the availability of high-quality OHI for oncologic treatments remains undefined. Furthermore, search strategies that improve quality of radiation oncology OHI, and disparities in availability of high-quality OHI, are not well-described. Forty phrases describing malignancies and their treatment modalities (radiation, chemotherapy, and surgery), and 57 phrases describing radiation oncology treatments, including abbreviations for some treatments and translations in different languages, were generated. The Health on the Net Foundation framework for assessing OHI quality was applied to the top 100 websites listed for each search phrase. The availability of high-quality OHI between malignancies and treatment modalities, and among treatment modalities, was compared. The roles of radiation oncology term abbreviation, search result order, patient gender, and language, on availability of high-quality OHI, were also assessed. Among the first 10, 20, and 50 websites for each search phrase, there were significantly more high-quality websites for phrases describing malignancies compared with respective treatment modalities (P < 0.02 for all). There were no differences among treatment modalities. Among radiation oncology treatment phrases, there were no significant differences between searches for full-name phrases and their respective abbreviations, though earlier results were more likely to be of high quality. Gender did not affect quality of OHI, though language did. Availability of high-quality OHI for cancer treatments lags behind that of cancer OHI. For radiation oncology treatment OHI, search strategies and patient disparities highlight potential areas for provider intervention and increased quality of OHI.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nathan H Varady
- Harvard Medical School, 25 Shattuck Street, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
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13
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Fan KS, Ghani SA, Machairas N, Lenti L, Fan KH, Richardson D, Scott A, Raptis DA. COVID-19 prevention and treatment information on the internet: a systematic analysis and quality assessment. BMJ Open 2020; 10:e040487. [PMID: 32912996 PMCID: PMC7485261 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2020-040487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2020] [Revised: 08/31/2020] [Accepted: 09/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the quality of information regarding the prevention and treatment of COVID-19 available to the general public from all countries. DESIGN Systematic analysis using the 'Ensuring Quality Information for Patients' (EQIP) Tool (score 0-36), Journal of American Medical Association (JAMA) benchmark (score 0-4) and the DISCERN Tool (score 16-80) to analyse websites containing information targeted at the general public. DATA SOURCES Twelve popular search terms, including 'Coronavirus', 'COVID-19 19', 'Wuhan virus', 'How to treat coronavirus' and 'COVID-19 19 Prevention' were identified by 'Google AdWords' and 'Google Trends'. Unique links from the first 10 pages for each search term were identified and evaluated on its quality of information. ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA FOR SELECTING STUDIES All websites written in the English language, and provides information on prevention or treatment of COVID-19 intended for the general public were considered eligible. Any websites intended for professionals, or specific isolated populations, such as students from one particular school, were excluded, as well as websites with only video content, marketing content, daily caseload update or news dashboard pages with no health information. RESULTS Of the 1275 identified websites, 321 (25%) were eligible for analysis. The overall EQIP, JAMA and DISCERN scores were 17.8, 2.7 and 38.0, respectively. Websites originated from 34 countries, with the majority from the USA (55%). News Services (50%) and Government/Health Departments (27%) were the most common sources of information and their information quality varied significantly. Majority of websites discuss prevention alone despite popular search trends of COVID-19 treatment. Websites discussing both prevention and treatment (n=73, 23%) score significantly higher across all tools (p<0.001). CONCLUSION This comprehensive assessment of online COVID-19 information using EQIP, JAMA and DISCERN Tools indicate that most websites were inadequate. This necessitates improvements in online resources to facilitate public health measures during the pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ka Siu Fan
- St George's University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | | | - Nikolaos Machairas
- Department of HPB Surgery and Liver Transplant, Royal Free Hospital, London, UK
| | - Lorenzo Lenti
- St George's University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | | | | | - Aneya Scott
- St George's University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
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Carlson J, Harris K. Quantifying and contextualizing the impact of bioRxiv preprints through automated social media audience segmentation. PLoS Biol 2020; 18:e3000860. [PMID: 32960891 PMCID: PMC7508356 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pbio.3000860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2020] [Accepted: 08/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Engagement with scientific manuscripts is frequently facilitated by Twitter and other social media platforms. As such, the demographics of a paper's social media audience provide a wealth of information about how scholarly research is transmitted, consumed, and interpreted by online communities. By paying attention to public perceptions of their publications, scientists can learn whether their research is stimulating positive scholarly and public thought. They can also become aware of potentially negative patterns of interest from groups that misinterpret their work in harmful ways, either willfully or unintentionally, and devise strategies for altering their messaging to mitigate these impacts. In this study, we collected 331,696 Twitter posts referencing 1,800 highly tweeted bioRxiv preprints and leveraged topic modeling to infer the characteristics of various communities engaging with each preprint on Twitter. We agnostically learned the characteristics of these audience sectors from keywords each user's followers provide in their Twitter biographies. We estimate that 96% of the preprints analyzed are dominated by academic audiences on Twitter, suggesting that social media attention does not always correspond to greater public exposure. We further demonstrate how our audience segmentation method can quantify the level of interest from nonspecialist audience sectors such as mental health advocates, dog lovers, video game developers, vegans, bitcoin investors, conspiracy theorists, journalists, religious groups, and political constituencies. Surprisingly, we also found that 10% of the preprints analyzed have sizable (>5%) audience sectors that are associated with right-wing white nationalist communities. Although none of these preprints appear to intentionally espouse any right-wing extremist messages, cases exist in which extremist appropriation comprises more than 50% of the tweets referencing a given preprint. These results present unique opportunities for improving and contextualizing the public discourse surrounding scientific research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jedidiah Carlson
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Kelley Harris
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
- Computational Biology Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
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15
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Huang J, Zhang S, Xiao Q, Cao Y, Li B. YouTube™ as a source of information for Candida auris infection: a systematic review. BMC Public Health 2020; 20:832. [PMID: 32487232 PMCID: PMC7268238 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-020-08731-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2019] [Accepted: 04/19/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Candida auris is a novel Candida species, and has emerged globally as a multidrug-resistant health care-associated fungal pathogen. YouTube™ (http://www.youtube.com) as the largest free video-sharing website is increasingly used to search health information. Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate the content, reliability and quality of YouTube™ videos regarding Candida auris infection, and to identify whether it is a useful resource for people. METHODS The YouTube™ was used to search systematically for videos using the keywords: "Candida auris infection" and "Candida auris". Strict inclusion and exclusion criteria were used to select the videos. The videos were reviewed and scored by two independent reviewers and recorded the "title", "length", "views", "comments", "dislike", "like", "posted days" and "category of videos". The videos were categorized as "poor", "good" and "excellent" by the score. The DISCERN tool was used to assess the reliability of the YouTube™ videos. RESULTS Seventy-six videos were included in final analysis in our study. Most videos (59.2%, 55/76) had better quality. There were no statistically significant differences between groups in respect of the number of likes, dislikes, views, comments, percentage positivity, likebility, view rate and viewers' interaction. Length and posted days were significantly associated with the classification. The videos were categorized as "educational video", "new report", "personal experience and blog entertainment" and "interview". Significant differences were found in the source of videos and the characteristics of the individuals appearing in a video between the groups. CONCLUSION YouTube™ has striking potential to be an effective user-friendly learning interface for people to obtain information of Candida auris infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiangqing Huang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian 350001 China
| | - Shengcen Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian 350001 China
| | - Qirong Xiao
- Fujian Institute of Hematology, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory on Hematology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, 350001 Fujian China
| | - Yingping Cao
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian 350001 China
| | - Bin Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian 350001 China
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16
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Abstract
INTRODUCTION The Internet is a widely used resource for obtaining medical information. However, the quality of information on online platforms is still debated. Our goal in this quality-controlled WebSurg® and YouTube®-based study was to compare these two online video platforms in terms of the accuracy and quality of information about sleeve gastrectomy videos. METHODS Most viewed (popular) videos returned by YouTube® search engine in response to the keyword "sleeve gastrectomy" were included in the study. The educational accuracy and quality of the videos were evaluated according to known scoring systems. A novel scoring system measured technical quality. The ten most viewed (popular) videos in WebSurg® in response to the keyword "sleeve gastrectomy" were compared with ten YouTube® videos with the highest educational/technical scores. RESULTS Scoring systems measuring the educational accuracy and quality of WebSurg® videos were significantly higher than ten YouTube® videos which have the most top technical scores (p < 0.05), and no significant difference was found in the assessment of ten YouTube® videos that have the highest technical ratings compared with WebSurg® videos (p 0.481). CONCLUSIONS WebSurg® videos, which were passed through a reviewing process and were mostly prepared by academicians, remained below the expected quality. The main limitation of WebSurg® and YouTube® is the lack of information on preoperative and postoperative processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Murat Ferhat Ferhatoglu
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of General Surgery, Okan University, Aydinli Yolu Caddesi, Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - Abdulcabbar Kartal
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of General Surgery, Okan University, Aydinli Yolu Caddesi, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ali İlker Filiz
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of General Surgery, Okan University, Aydinli Yolu Caddesi, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Abut Kebudi
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of General Surgery, Okan University, Aydinli Yolu Caddesi, Istanbul, Turkey
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17
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Naveed QN, Qureshi MRN, Tairan N, Mohammad A, Shaikh A, Alsayed AO, Shah A, Alotaibi FM. Evaluating critical success factors in implementing E-learning system using multi-criteria decision-making. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0231465. [PMID: 32365123 PMCID: PMC7197813 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0231465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2019] [Accepted: 03/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Learning using the Internet or training through E-Learning is growing rapidly and is increasingly favored over the traditional methods of learning and teaching. This radical shift is directly linked to the revolution in digital computer technology. The revolution propelled by innovation in computer technology has widened the scope of E-Learning and teaching, whereby the process of exchanging information has been made simple, transparent, and effective. The E-Learning system depends on different success factors from diverse points of view such as system, support from the institution, instructor, and student. Thus, the effect of critical success factors (CSFs) on the E-Learning system must be critically analyzed to make it more effective and successful. This current paper employed the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) with group decision-making (GDM) and Fuzzy AHP (FAHP) to study the diversified factors from different dimensions of the web-based E-Learning system. The present paper quantified the CSFs along with its dimensions. Five different dimensions and 25 factors associated with the web-based E-Learning system were revealed through the literature review and were analyzed further. Furthermore, the influence of each factor was derived successfully. Knowing the impact of each E-Learning factor will help stakeholders to construct education policies, manage the E-Learning system, perform asset management, and keep pace with global changes in knowledge acquisition and management.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Nasser Tairan
- College of Computer Science, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Asadullah Shaikh
- College of Computer Science and Information Systems, Najran University, Najran, Saudi Arabia
| | - Alhuseen O. Alsayed
- Deanship of Scientific Research, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Asadullah Shah
- Kulliyyah of ICT, International Islamic University Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Fahad Mazaed Alotaibi
- Department of Information Technology, Faculty of Computing and Information Technology, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
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Chi J, Lee J, Kim N, Choi J, Park S. Secure and reliable blockchain-based eBook transaction system for self-published eBook trading. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0228418. [PMID: 32012189 PMCID: PMC6996837 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0228418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2019] [Accepted: 01/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
As eBook readers have expanded on the market, various online eBook markets have arisen as well. Currently, the online eBook market consists of at least publishers and online platform providers and authors, and these actors inevitably incur intermediate costs between them. In this paper, we introduce a blockchain-based eBook market system that enables self-published eBook trading and direct payments from readers to authors without any trusted party; because authors publish themselves and readers purchase directly from authors, neither actor incurs any intermediate costs. However, because of this trustless environment, the validity, ownership and intellectual property of digital contents cannot be verified and protected, and the safety of purchase transactions cannot be ensured. To address these shortcomings, we propose a secure and reliable eBook transaction system that satisfies the following security requirements: (1) verification of the ownership of each eBook, (2) confidentiality of eBook contents, (3) authorization of a right to read a book, (4) authentication of a legitimate purchaser, (5) verification of the validity and integrity of eBook contents, (6) safety of direct purchase transactions, and (7) preventing eBook piracy and illegal distribution. We provide practical cryptographic protocols for the proposed system and analyze the security and simulated performance of the proposed schemes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeonghee Chi
- Department of Software, Konkuk University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jangyeon Lee
- Department of Software, Konkuk University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Nakyung Kim
- Department of Software, Konkuk University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jeewoo Choi
- Department of Software, Konkuk University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Soyoung Park
- Department of Software, Konkuk University, Seoul, South Korea
- * E-mail:
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Gardner RC, Rivera E, O’Grady M, Doherty C, Yaffe K, Corrigan JD, Bogner J, Kramer J, Wilson F. Screening for Lifetime History of Traumatic Brain Injury Among Older American and Irish Adults at Risk for Dementia: Development and Validation of a Web-Based Survey. J Alzheimers Dis 2020; 74:699-711. [PMID: 32065793 PMCID: PMC7849628 DOI: 10.3233/jad-191138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is an established risk factor for dementia but mechanisms are uncertain. Accurate TBI exposure classification is critical for cognitive aging research studies seeking to discover mechanisms and treatments of post-TBI dementia. Brief TBI screens, commonly used in epidemiological studies of cognitive aging, are insensitive, leading to exposure mis-classification. Comprehensive TBI interviews, while more sensitive, may be impractical. OBJECTIVE We aimed to develop and validate a scalable, self-administered, comprehensive, web-based, TBI exposure survey for use in international cognitive aging research. METHODS We adapted a gold-standard comprehensive TBI interview (the Ohio State University TBI Identification Method; OSU TBI-ID) into a self-administered web-based survey for older adults (Older Adult modification of the OSU TBI-ID; OA OSU TBI-ID). We assessed reliability of our web-based survey versus the gold-standard interview among 97 older adults with normal cognition and mild cognitive impairment (MCI). In addition, we assessed sensitivity of the National Alzheimer's Coordinating Center Uniform Data Set (NACC UDS) brief TBI screen versus the interview among 70 older adults with normal cognition. RESULTS Our OA OSU TBI-ID web-based survey had good to excellent reliability versus the interview (κ 0.66-0.73; ICCs 0.68-0.81) even among the sub-set with MCI (κ 0.74-0.88; ICCs 0.76-0.85), except for several age-at-injury variables. The NACC UDS brief TBI screen missed 50% of TBI exposures identified using the OSU TBI-ID interview. CONCLUSION The OSU TBI-ID interview and web-based survey may facilitate more accurate TBI exposure classification in cognitive aging research thereby accelerating discovery of targetable mechanisms of post-TBI dementia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raquel C. Gardner
- Memory and Aging Center, Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco, Sandler Neurosciences Center, San Francisco, CA, USA
- San Francisco Veterans Affairs Medical Center, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Global Brain Health Institute, University of California San Francisco, Sandler Neurosciences Center, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Ernesto Rivera
- Memory and Aging Center, Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco, Sandler Neurosciences Center, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Megan O’Grady
- Discipline of Physiotherapy, School of Medicine, Trinity College Dublin, The University of Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Colin Doherty
- Trinity Institute of Neurosciences (TCIN), School of Medicine, Trinity College Dublin, The University of Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Kristine Yaffe
- Memory and Aging Center, Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco, Sandler Neurosciences Center, San Francisco, CA, USA
- San Francisco Veterans Affairs Medical Center, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Global Brain Health Institute, University of California San Francisco, Sandler Neurosciences Center, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Departments of Psychiatry and Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - John D. Corrigan
- Department of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Jennifer Bogner
- Department of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Joel Kramer
- Memory and Aging Center, Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco, Sandler Neurosciences Center, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Global Brain Health Institute, University of California San Francisco, Sandler Neurosciences Center, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Fiona Wilson
- Discipline of Physiotherapy, School of Medicine, Trinity College Dublin, The University of Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
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Quigley DD, Dick A, Stone PW. Quality Innovation Networks Share Varied Resources for Nursing Homes on Mostly User-Friendly Websites. J Am Geriatr Soc 2019; 67:2376-2381. [PMID: 31675106 PMCID: PMC8173537 DOI: 10.1111/jgs.16201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2019] [Accepted: 06/30/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVE Quality innovation networks' (QINs') support of nursing homes (NHs) is a national strategy to systematically improve the quality of care experienced by residents. QINs have been tasked with providing NHs with information, resources, tools, and training to assist in developing best practices and to support quality improvement efforts in infection prevention (including joining the National Healthcare Safety Network [NHSN]), avoid unnecessary hospitalizations, and increase use of hospice and palliative care. Our objective was to examine QIN online resources provided to NHs to support best practices and improvement efforts. DESIGN An environmental scan was conducted. SETTING/MEASUREMENT Each QIN website was evaluated on (1) usability, (2) accessibility and prominence, (3) website design, (4) availability of training materials, (5) recency of update, (6) identification of key personnel, and (8) quality focus areas (ie, infection prevention, NHSN, antibiotic stewardship, reducing unnecessary or avoidable hospitalizations, and palliative and hospice care). RESULTS QIN websites varied dramatically in design and resources offered to NHs as well as in the content and ease of finding information. Antibiotic stewardship and NHSN resources were widely available. Information (ie, fact sheets) on reducing avoidable hospitalizations was commonly available, while resources, such as tool kits, webinars, training, and contact information for personnel on reducing avoidable hospitalizations, were available to 23 states. Infection prevention resources were varied and limited to 34 states. Both palliative care and hospice resources were available through only a few QINs (13 states and 20 states, respectively). CONCLUSIONS Given that much of the information, tool kits, and resources are standardized and in the public domain, centralized resources with tailored or specialized links to unique local resources, like in-person trainings and state-specific contact information, could be more beneficial for NHs. J Am Geriatr Soc 67:2376-2381, 2019.
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21
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Petersen A, Tanner C, Munsie M. Navigating the cartographies of trust: how patients and carers establish the credibility of online treatment claims. Sociol Health Illn 2019; 41 Suppl 1:50-64. [PMID: 31599982 DOI: 10.1111/1467-9566.12872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Digital media offer citizens novel ways of 'enacting' health and illness, and treatment and care. However, while digital media may so 'empower' citizens, those searching for credible information will be confronted with various, often-conflicting claims that may have 'disempowering' effects. This article uses Gieryn's concept of the 'cultural cartography' to explore the criteria that patients and carers employ in establishing the credibility of information on alleged treatments. Drawing on data from interviews with Australian patients and carers who have travelled or considered travelling abroad for unproven commercial stem cell treatments, the article examines how individuals assess rival sources of epistemic authority - science-based and non-science-based - as they search for credible information. As we argue, in a context where conventional treatment options are perceived to be limited or non-existent - which is likely to be the case with those suffering severe, life-limiting conditions - and the credibility of sources uncertain, matters of opinion and belief are prone to being interpreted as matters of fact, with potentially far-reaching implications for citizens' health. Revealing the mechanisms by which individuals ascribe credibility to health information, we conclude, has become crucial as digital media assume a growing role in health and healthcare and governments encourage citizens to become 'digitally literate'.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alan Petersen
- Sociology and Gender Studies, School of Social Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Vic, Australia
| | - Claire Tanner
- Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, Centre for Stem Cell Systems, School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Vic, Australia
| | - Megan Munsie
- Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, Centre for Stem Cell Systems, School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Vic, Australia
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22
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Keinki C, Zowalla R, Pobiruchin M, Huebner J, Wiesner M. Computer-Based Readability Testing of Information Booklets for German Cancer Patients. J Cancer Educ 2019; 34:696-704. [PMID: 29651761 DOI: 10.1007/s13187-018-1358-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Understandable health information is essential for treatment adherence and improved health outcomes. For readability testing, several instruments analyze the complexity of sentence structures, e.g., Flesch-Reading Ease (FRE) or Vienna-Formula (WSTF). Moreover, the vocabulary is of high relevance for readers. The aim of this study is to investigate the agreement of sentence structure and vocabulary-based (SVM) instruments. A total of 52 freely available German patient information booklets on cancer were collected from the Internet. The mean understandability level L was computed for 51 booklets. The resulting values of FRE, WSTF, and SVM were assessed pairwise for agreement with Bland-Altman plots and two-sided, paired t tests. For the pairwise comparison, the mean L values are LFRE = 6.81, LWSTF = 7.39, LSVM = 5.09. The sentence structure-based metrics gave significantly different scores (P < 0.001) for all assessed booklets, confirmed by the Bland-Altman analysis. The study findings suggest that vocabulary-based instruments cannot be interchanged with FRE/WSTF. However, both analytical aspects should be considered and checked by authors to linguistically refine texts with respect to the individual target group. Authors of health information can be supported by automated readability analysis. Health professionals can benefit by direct booklet comparisons allowing for time-effective selection of suitable booklets for patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Keinki
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, University Hospital Jena, Am Klinikum 1, 07747, Jena, Germany.
| | - Richard Zowalla
- Department of Medical Informatics, Heilbronn University, Max-Planck-Str. 39, 74081, Heilbronn, Germany
| | - Monika Pobiruchin
- GECKO Institute, Heilbronn University, Max-Planck-Str. 39, 74081, Heilbronn, Germany
| | - Jutta Huebner
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, University Hospital Jena, Am Klinikum 1, 07747, Jena, Germany
| | - Martin Wiesner
- Department of Medical Informatics, Heilbronn University, Max-Planck-Str. 39, 74081, Heilbronn, Germany
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Abstract
Nowadays, medical information regarding various diseases and disorders is available online. The Internet has become the first choice for the patient when it comes to gathering detailed information about a disease or problem. Therefore, in view of this frequent occurrence, the information that is provided online needs to be accurate; providing comprehensive facts, transparency, and quality. A study was carried out to determine the accuracy of information related to breast cancer on various websites. Websites which share information online about breast cancer, in the Arabic language, were selected. The quality of the websites was to be evaluated; however, there is no standard method for evaluating the quality of health websites. Hence, a rating form was developed for this study, to determine the completeness and transparency of a specific number of websites using three popular search engines. A 16-item questionnaire was prepared and validated to determine the quality of individual websites in addition to using the DISCERN instrument for assessing consumer health information. Most of the websites (approximately 47%) were deemed to be commercial in nature. Thirty-three percent were developed by non-profit organizations. They disseminated information concerning the risk factors (93%), screening, mammography (93%), surgical treatment (93%), chemotherapy (89%), radiotherapy (93%), and complementary medicine (0%) surrounding the treatment of breast cancer. About 67% of the websites were estimated to give completely correct information. Incidentally, only five websites had a healthcare professional or expert as the author, while nine of them had no author. Although numerous breast cancer-related websites exist, most do a poor job in providing Arabic-speaking women with comprehensive information about breast cancer surgery. Providing easily-accessible, high-quality online information has the potential to significantly improve patients' experiences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lamya Alnaim
- Clinical Pharmacy Department, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 4143, Riyadh, 11149, Saudi Arabia.
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24
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Alshaikh EA, Almedimigh AF, Alruwaili AM, Almajnoni AH, Alhajiahmed A, Almalki TS, Alfaraj SZ, Pines JM. Patient-Focused Online Resources for Melanoma: Highly Variable Content and Quality. J Cancer Educ 2019; 34:775-781. [PMID: 29732480 DOI: 10.1007/s13187-018-1372-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
When patients are diagnosed or concerned with the diagnosis of melanoma, they commonly use the Internet for information. We assessed the content of patient-focused websites about melanoma. We searched for "melanoma" in four search engines then assessed the first 30 websites in each search. Among included sites, we describe potentially useful content about melanoma: website quality, readability, popularity, and social media sharing. In 31 included websites, > 80% mentioned the definition and risk factors for melanoma, when to seek medical help, how to diagnose, and treatment options, and > 70% described preventive measures. However, website quality was variable: 61% of websites had disclosures, 54% were dated, 41% had a clear author, and 41% had references. Average readability ranged from 8th to 12th grade, which is above recommended reading levels for patient websites. Despite this variation and high reading levels, we identified many high-quality melanoma websites for patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eman A Alshaikh
- School of Medicine and Health Sciences, The George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Abdulaziz F Almedimigh
- School of Medicine and Health Sciences, The George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Abdulmajeed M Alruwaili
- School of Medicine and Health Sciences, The George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Abdullah H Almajnoni
- School of Medicine and Health Sciences, The George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Ali Alhajiahmed
- School of Medicine and Health Sciences, The George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Thamer S Almalki
- School of Medicine and Health Sciences, The George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Sukayna Z Alfaraj
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Imam Abdulrahman bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
- Center for Healthcare Innovation and Policy Research, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, The George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Jesse M Pines
- School of Medicine and Health Sciences, The George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA.
- Center for Healthcare Innovation and Policy Research, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, The George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA.
- Departments of Emergency Medicine and Health Policy and Management, The George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA.
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25
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Krynski L, Ghersin S, Del Valle M, Cardigni G. [Communication through electronic media in pediatrics. Use recommendations]. ARCH ARGENT PEDIATR 2019; 117:S175-S179. [PMID: 31833340 DOI: 10.5546/aap.2019.s175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2019] [Accepted: 05/02/2019] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
New information and communication technologies have had an impact on our lives in general, as well as in our health care and pediatric practice. Given this fact, it is essential to establish an initial framework for this type of interactions between physicians and patients in order to provide the necessary security tools to all the involved parties. The existing legislative gap to date has not been an impediment to the use of these technologies in medical communication, but it is necessary to establish what the responsibilities, obligations and rights of each party are, arising from their use. This document briefly describes the available electronic communication channels, with their advantages and disadvantages, and suggests recommendations for the responsible and safe use. Our aim is to frame this new modality of interaction between doctors and their patients, in order to highlight its value and evaluate its limitations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Krynski
- .Subcomisión de Tecnologías de Información y Comunicación.
| | | | | | - Gustavo Cardigni
- .Subcomisión de Ejercicio Profesional. Sociedad Argentina de Pediatría
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26
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Ayub M, Ghazanfar MA, Mehmood Z, Saba T, Alharbey R, Munshi AM, Alrige MA. Modeling user rating preference behavior to improve the performance of the collaborative filtering based recommender systems. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0220129. [PMID: 31369585 PMCID: PMC6675073 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0220129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2019] [Accepted: 07/09/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
One of the main concerns for online shopping websites is to provide efficient and customized recommendations to a very large number of users based on their preferences. Collaborative filtering (CF) is the most famous type of recommender system method to provide personalized recommendations to users. CF generates recommendations by identifying clusters of similar users or items from the user-item rating matrix. This cluster of similar users or items is generally identified by using some similarity measurement method. Among numerous proposed similarity measure methods by researchers, the Pearson correlation coefficient (PCC) is a commonly used similarity measure method for CF-based recommender systems. The standard PCC suffers some inherent limitations and ignores user rating preference behavior (RPB). Typically, users have different RPB, where some users may give the same rating to various items without liking the items and some users may tend to give average rating albeit liking the items. Traditional similarity measure methods (including PCC) do not consider this rating pattern of users. In this article, we present a novel similarity measure method to consider user RPB while calculating similarity among users. The proposed similarity measure method state user RPB as a function of user average rating value, and variance or standard deviation. The user RPB is then combined with an improved model of standard PCC to form an improved similarity measure method for CF-based recommender systems. The proposed similarity measure is named as improved PCC weighted with RPB (IPWR). The qualitative and quantitative analysis of the IPWR similarity measure method is performed using five state-of-the-art datasets (i.e. Epinions, MovieLens-100K, MovieLens-1M, CiaoDVD, and MovieTweetings). The IPWR similarity measure method performs better than state-of-the-art similarity measure methods in terms of mean absolute error (MAE), root mean square error (RMSE), precision, recall, and F-measure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mubbashir Ayub
- Department of Software Engineering, University of Engineering and Technology, Taxila, Pakistan
| | - Mustansar Ali Ghazanfar
- Department of Software Engineering, University of Engineering and Technology, Taxila, Pakistan
| | - Zahid Mehmood
- Department of Computer Engineering, University of Engineering and Technology, Taxila, Pakistan
- * E-mail:
| | - Tanzila Saba
- College of Computer and Information Sciences, Prince Sultan University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Riad Alharbey
- College of Computer Science and Engineering, University of Jeddah, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Asmaa Mahdi Munshi
- College of Computer Science and Engineering, University of Jeddah, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mayda Abdullateef Alrige
- Information Systems Department, Faculty of Computing and Information Technology, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
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Gillum S, Williams N, Brink B, Ross E. Clinician Job Searches in the Internet Era: Internet-Based Study. J Med Internet Res 2019; 21:e12638. [PMID: 31278735 PMCID: PMC6640069 DOI: 10.2196/12638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2018] [Revised: 05/20/2019] [Accepted: 05/20/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Traditional methods using print media and commercial firms for clinician recruiting are often limited by cost, slow pace, and suboptimal results. An efficient and fiscally sound approach is needed for searching online to recruit clinicians. Objective The aim of the study was to assess the Web-based methods by which clinicians might be searching for jobs in a broad range of specialties and how academic medical centers can advertise clinical job openings to prominently appear on internet searches that would yield the greatest return on investment. Methods We used a search engine (Google) to identify 8 query terms for each of the specialties and specialists (eg, dermatology and dermatologist) to determine internet job search methodologies for 12 clinical disciplines. Searches were conducted, and the data used for analysis were the first 20 results. Results In total, 176 searches were conducted at varying times over the course of several months, and 3520 results were recorded. The following 4 types of websites appeared in the top 10 search results across all specialties searched, accounting for 52.27% (920/1760) of the results: (1) a single no-cost job aggregator (229/1760, 13.01%); (2) 2 prominent journal-based paid digital job listing services (157/1760, 8.92% and 91/1760, 5.17%, respectively); (3) a fee-based Web-based agency (137/1760, 7.78%) offering candidate profiles; and (4) society-based paid advertisements (totaling 306/1760, 17.38%). These sites accounted for 75.45% (664/880) of results limited to the top 5 results. Repetitive short-term testing yielded similar results with minor changes in the rank order. Conclusions On the basis of our findings, we offer a specific financially prudent internet strategy for both clinicians searching the internet for employment and employers hiring clinicians in academic medical centers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shalu Gillum
- College of Medicine, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, United States
| | - Natasha Williams
- College of Medicine, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, United States
| | - Brittany Brink
- College of Medicine, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, United States
| | - Edward Ross
- College of Medicine, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, United States
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McGee S, Clemons M, Joy AA, Hilton J, Jeong A, Robinson A. Why "Reply All" Can Push All the Wrong Buttons. Oncologist 2019; 24:e643-e645. [PMID: 31164457 DOI: 10.1634/theoncologist.2019-0304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2019] [Accepted: 05/01/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Technology has changed the way medicine is practiced. This commentary considers the effect of digital communications and offers advice on e‐mail etiquette.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sharon McGee
- Department of Medicine, Division of Medical Oncology, The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Mark Clemons
- Department of Medicine, Division of Medical Oncology, The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, Canada
- Cancer Research Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute and University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Anil Abraham Joy
- Division of Medical Oncology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
- Cross Cancer Institute, Edmonton, Canada
| | - John Hilton
- Department of Medicine, Division of Medical Oncology, The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, Canada
- Cancer Research Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute and University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Ahwon Jeong
- Cancer Research Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute and University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
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Martin A, Stewart JR, Gaskins J, Medlin E. A Systematic Assessment of Google Search Queries and Readability of Online Gynecologic Oncology Patient Education Materials. J Cancer Educ 2019; 34:435-440. [PMID: 29353371 DOI: 10.1007/s13187-017-1319-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The Internet is a major source of health information for gynecologic cancer patients. In this study, we systematically explore common Google search terms related to gynecologic cancer and calculate readability of top resulting websites. We used Google AdWords Keyword Planner to generate a list of commonly searched keywords related to gynecologic oncology, which were sorted into five groups (cervical cancer, ovarian cancer, uterine cancer, vulvar cancer, vaginal cancer) using five patient education websites from sgo.org . Each keyword was Google searched to create a list of top websites. The Python programming language (version 3.5.1) was used to describe frequencies of keywords, top-level domains (TLDs), domains, and readability of top websites using four validated formulae. Of the estimated 1,846,950 monthly searches resulting in 62,227 websites, the most common was cancer.org . The most common TLD was *.com. Most websites were above the eighth-grade reading level recommended by the American Medical Association (AMA) and the National Institute of Health (NIH). The SMOG Index was the most reliable formula. The mean grade level readability for all sites using SMOG was 9.4 ± 2.3, with 23.9% of sites falling at or below the eighth-grade reading level. The first ten results for each Google keyword were easiest to read with results beyond the first page of Google being consistently more difficult. Keywords related to gynecologic malignancies are Google-searched frequently. Most websites are difficult to read without a high school education. This knowledge may help gynecologic oncology providers adequately meet the needs of their patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Martin
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Women's Health, University of Louisville School of Medicine, 529 South Jackson Street, Louisville, KY, 40202, USA.
| | - J Ryan Stewart
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Women's Health, University of Louisville School of Medicine, 529 South Jackson Street, Louisville, KY, 40202, USA
| | - Jeremy Gaskins
- Department of Bioinformatics and Biostatistics, University of Louisville School of Public Health and Information Sciences, Louisville, KY, USA
| | - Erin Medlin
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Women's Health, University of Louisville School of Medicine, 529 South Jackson Street, Louisville, KY, 40202, USA
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Abstract
The ubiquitous use of technology in medical education creates increasing tensions related to the benefits and disadvantages of the ease of access to content and the opportunity to monitor online behavior. We recommend a collaborative understanding by all stakeholders, from learners and educators to higher education institutions and professional regulatory authorities, to inform future practice and policy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Poh Sun Goh
- a Department of Diagnostic Radiology , National University of Singapore , Singapore
| | - John Sandars
- b Faculty of Health & Social Care , Edge Hill University Medical School, Edge Hill University , Ormskirk , UK
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Abstract
INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES To evaluate the quality of information in You Tube videos pertaining to premature ejaculation. MATERIALS AND METHODS A search for "premature ejaculation" (PE) was performed on You Tube in August 2018. Two senior urologist viewers watched and categorized each video for their sources, suggestions and information contents (excellent, fair or poor). RESULTS Of the three hundred videos viewed on You Tube, 155 videos were included and analyzed. Mean video length (mean±standard deviation) was 3.08±2.02min. The information content was excellent only in 17 (10.9%) of all videos while for a majority of them it was poor (57.4% n=89). Fair videos constituted 31.7% (n=49) of the videos. There was no relation between the trustworthiness of the videos' contents and either their viewings or ratings (p=0.561, p=0.0966, respectively). Videos uploaded by health professionals were more reliable than those uploaded by laypersons (p<0.001). CONCLUSIONS The study suggests that although some videos, especially those uploaded by healthcare professionals, are useful; the majority of them have misleading information. Therefore, they are not a reliable source of PE information for patients. It is incumbent on urologists to counsel patients for other available useful internet information sources on PE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yurdaer Kaynak
- Department of Urology, Eskisehir Ümit Visnelik Hospital, Eskisehir, Turkey
| | - Coskun Kaya
- Department of Urology, State Hospital of Eskisehir, Eskisehir, Turkey.
| | - Aykut Aykaç
- Department of Urology, Medical School of Karabuk University, Turkey
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Abstract
The Internet is increasingly a source of information for pancreatic cancer patients. This disease is usually diagnosed at an advanced stage; therefore, timely access to high-quality information is critical. Our purpose is to systematically evaluate the information available to pancreatic cancer patients on the internet. An internet search using the term "pancreatic cancer" was performed, with the meta-search engines "Dogpile", "Yippy" and "Google". The top 100 websites returned by the search engines were evaluated using a validated structured rating tool. Inter-rater reliability was evaluated using kappa statistics and results were analyzed using descriptive statistics. Amongst the 100 websites evaluated, etiology/risk factors and symptoms were the most accurately covered (70 and 67% of websites). Prevention, treatment and prognosis were the least accurate sections (55, 55 and 43% of websites). Prevention and prognosis were also the least likely to be covered with 63 and 51 websites covering these, respectively. Only 40% of websites identified an author. Twenty-two percent of websites were at a university reading level. The majority of online information is accurate but incomplete. Websites may lack information on prognosis. Many websites are outdated and lacked author information, and readability levels are inappropriate. This knowledge can inform the dialogue between healthcare providers and patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren De Groot
- Undergraduate Medical Program, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Ilene Harris
- Department of Medical Education, College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Glenn Regehr
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Center for Health Education Scholarship, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Ara Tekian
- Department of Medical Education, College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Paris-Ann Ingledew
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
- Fraser Valley Cancer Center, British Columbia Cancer Agency, 13750 96th Ave, Surrey, BC, V3V 1Z2, Canada.
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Abstract
Over the last decade, advances in technology and connectivity have led to the boom of Internet-based and mobile applications (Apps) which have rendered access to information easier and faster and have changed our daily lives. With 60 million people living with diabetes (PWD) in Europe and 32 million more at risk, diabetes has been a major target for software companies, with the aim to help people manage their chronic condition, and to prevent diabetes in people at risk. IDF Europe is the voice of 70 national associations, representing PWD and health professionals in 47 European countries, and a strong supporter of innovation in healthcare. Witnessing the emergence of Apps in the field of diabetes, given the general uptake of a connected lifestyle, and recognising the potential in the ability of these Apps to make an impact on the lives of PWD, IDF Europe reflected on Mobile Applications in Diabetes, examining Diabetes and new technology through psychology, motivation and behavioral change in diabetes management; the healthcare professional perspective; potential roles of diabetes-related Apps, pointing to existing evidence and important ethical issues; and finally offering recommendations on four levels: individual, healthcare professional, political and App developers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyle Jacques Rose
- IDF Europe Board Member, Visiting Faculty EiR - Healthcare Management, INSEAD, Fontainebleau, France.
| | - Cristina Petrut
- IDF Europe Board Member, Clinical Psychologist and Psychotherapist, Cluj Napoca, Romania
| | - Ronan L'Heveder
- IDF Europe Senior Advocacy and Communication Consultant, France
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Donlan P. Use of the Online Discussion Board in Health Professions Education: Contributions, Challenges, and Considerations. J Contin Educ Health Prof 2019; 39:124-129. [PMID: 30998568 DOI: 10.1097/ceh.0000000000000252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Online discussion boards offer opportunities for individualized and interactive learning in higher education and are frequently used in health professions education. This article investigates the ways in which discussion board activities foster cognitive and affective domain learning among health professions students and contribute to the professional competencies that are required of emerging clinicians. In addition, pedagogical challenges, including the need to develop sophisticated interpersonal affective domain skills, promote problem-based learning, and prepare students for standardized examinations, are addressed. Considerations for practice, which include the importance of specific teaching strategies such as the shaping of student and instructor roles, scaffolding, and online debates and role-playing, are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pamela Donlan
- Dr. Donlan: Assistant Clinical Professor, Department of Physical Therapy, Movement, and Rehabilitation Sciences, Northeastern University, Boston, MA
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35
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Paffenholz P, Salem J, Borgmann H, Nestler T, Pfister D, Ruf C, Tsaur I, Haferkamp A, Heidenreich A. Testicular Cancer on the Web-an Appropriate Source of Patient Information in Concordance with the European Association of Urology Guidelines? J Cancer Educ 2018; 33:1314-1322. [PMID: 28776306 DOI: 10.1007/s13187-017-1249-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Despite the continuous growth of the internet, little is known about the quality of online information on testicular cancer, the most common solid malignancy in young men. In our study, we analysed the quality, readability and popularity of the most popular websites on testicular cancer. Therefore, we performed a web search for the term "testicular cancer" using www.google.com . Fifty-one websites were evaluated for HONcode quality certification, Alexa Popularity Rank and readability levels. Furthermore, the websites' content on eight major topics of the current European Association of Urology Guidelines on testicular cancer was assessed. Fourteen (28%) had a HONcode quality certificate and the mean Alexa Popularity Rank of all 51 websites was 54,040 (interquartile range 6648-282,797). Websites were difficult to read requiring 9 years of US school education to properly understand the information. The websites mentioned 80% of the guideline topics on average, revealing "prognosis" (59%) and "follow-up" (57%) as underrepresented subtopics. Furthermore, 12% of all topics were displayed incorrectly, particularly due to wrong information concerning "aetiology" (42%). Sixty percent of the topics were mentioned in an incomplete fashion, with less than half of the websites displaying complete information on "staging" (47%), "diagnostic evaluation" (49%) or "disease management" (45%). In general, online health information concerning testicular cancer is mentioned correctly on most websites. However, improvement regarding readability and completeness of the given information is needed. Nevertheless, highly selected websites on testicular cancer can serve as an appropriate source of patient information.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pia Paffenholz
- Department of Urology, Uro-Oncology, Robot Assisted and Reconstructive Urologic Surgery, University Hospital Cologne, Kerpener Straße 62, 50937, Cologne, Germany
| | - Johannes Salem
- Department of Urology, Uro-Oncology, Robot Assisted and Reconstructive Urologic Surgery, University Hospital Cologne, Kerpener Straße 62, 50937, Cologne, Germany
| | - Hendrik Borgmann
- Department of Urology, University of Medicine, Langenbeckstr. 1, 55131, Mainz, Germany
- Vancouver Prostate Centre, University of British Columbia, Jack Bell Research Centre, 2660 Oak Street, Vancouver, BC, V6H 3Z6, Canada
| | - Tim Nestler
- Department of Urology, Federal Armed Forces Central Hospital, Rübenacher Str. 170, 56072, Koblenz, Germany
| | - David Pfister
- Department of Urology, Uro-Oncology, Robot Assisted and Reconstructive Urologic Surgery, University Hospital Cologne, Kerpener Straße 62, 50937, Cologne, Germany
| | - Christian Ruf
- Department of Urology, Federal Armed Forces Central Hospital, Rübenacher Str. 170, 56072, Koblenz, Germany
| | - Igor Tsaur
- Department of Urology, University of Medicine, Langenbeckstr. 1, 55131, Mainz, Germany
| | - Axel Haferkamp
- Department of Urology, University of Medicine, Langenbeckstr. 1, 55131, Mainz, Germany
| | - Axel Heidenreich
- Department of Urology, Uro-Oncology, Robot Assisted and Reconstructive Urologic Surgery, University Hospital Cologne, Kerpener Straße 62, 50937, Cologne, Germany.
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Abstract
The accuracy and diversity of recommendation algorithms have always been the research hotspot of recommender systems. A good recommender system should not only have high accuracy and diversity, but also have adequate robustness against spammer attacks. However, the issue of recommendation robustness has received relatively little attention in the literature. In this paper, we systematically study the influences of different spammer behaviors on the recommendation results in various recommendation algorithms. We further propose an improved algorithm by incorporating the inner-similarity of user’s purchased items in the classic KNN approach. The new algorithm effectively enhances the robustness against spammer attacks and thus outperforms traditional algorithms in recommendation accuracy and diversity when spammers exist in the online commercial systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengjun Zhang
- School of computer and software, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing 210044, P.R. China
- ShuKun (BeiJing) Network Technology Co., Limited, Room 313, Building 3, No. 11, Chuangxin Road, Science Park, Changping District, Beijing, China
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Atmospheric Environment and Equipment Technology (CICAEET), Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing 210044, P.R. China
| | - Jin Liu
- School of computer and software, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing 210044, P.R. China
| | - Yanzhen Qu
- School of Computer Science and Technology, Colorado Technical University, Colorado Springs, 80907, United States of America
| | - Tianqi Han
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Atmospheric Environment and Equipment Technology (CICAEET), Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing 210044, P.R. China
| | - Xujun Ge
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Atmospheric Environment and Equipment Technology (CICAEET), Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing 210044, P.R. China
| | - An Zeng
- School of Systems Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, P. R. China
- * E-mail:
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Keinki C, Rudolph I, Ruetters D, Kuenzel U, Lobitz J, Schaefer M, Hanaya H, Huebner J. The Quality of Patient Information Booklets for Cancer Patients-an Evaluation of Free Accessible Material in German Language. J Cancer Educ 2018; 33:1132-1139. [PMID: 28474220 DOI: 10.1007/s13187-017-1224-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
According to the information-seeking behaviors of patients, booklets which can be downloaded from the Internet for free are an important source of information notably for patients with cancer. This study investigated whether information booklets for patients with cancer available at German websites are in accordance with the formal and content criteria of evidence-based information. We compared and compiled both content and formal criteria by matching different national and international standards for written patient information using a merged instrument. A catalog with a total of 16 items within 4 categories (quality of the publication, quality of information, quality of information representation, and transparency) was created. Patient information booklets for the most frequent tumor types were collected from the Internet. A total of 52 different patient booklets were downloaded and assessed. Overall, no booklet fulfilled all criteria. The quality of the publications was evaluated with an average value of 1.67 while the quality of the information had a mean value of 1.45, and the quality of information presentation had a similar rating (1.39). The transparency criteria were evaluated as lowest with an average of 1.07. In summary, German booklets for cancer patients have some shortcomings concerning formal and content criteria for evidence-based patient information. The applied requirement catalog is suitable for wide use and may help in quality assurance of health information. It may be used as part of an obligatory external evaluation, which could help improving the quality of health information.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Keinki
- Working Group Integrative Oncology, Dr. Senckenberg Chronomedical Institute, J.W. Goethe University, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590, Frankfurt, Germany.
| | - Ivonne Rudolph
- Working Group Integrative Oncology, Dr. Senckenberg Chronomedical Institute, J.W. Goethe University, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Dana Ruetters
- Working Group Integrative Oncology, Dr. Senckenberg Chronomedical Institute, J.W. Goethe University, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Ulrike Kuenzel
- Technical University Brandenburg, Magdeburger Str. 50, 14770, Brandenburg an der Havel, Germany
| | - Jessica Lobitz
- Working Group Integrative Oncology, Dr. Senckenberg Chronomedical Institute, J.W. Goethe University, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Maike Schaefer
- Working Group Integrative Oncology, Dr. Senckenberg Chronomedical Institute, J.W. Goethe University, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Hani Hanaya
- Working Group Integrative Oncology, Dr. Senckenberg Chronomedical Institute, J.W. Goethe University, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Jutta Huebner
- Working Group Integrative Oncology, Dr. Senckenberg Chronomedical Institute, J.W. Goethe University, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590, Frankfurt, Germany
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Kuenzel U, Monga Sindeu T, Schroth S, Huebner J, Herth N. Evaluation of the Quality of Online Information for Patients with Rare Cancers: Thyroid Cancer. J Cancer Educ 2018; 33:960-966. [PMID: 28120139 DOI: 10.1007/s13187-017-1173-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The Internet offers an easy and quick access to a vast amount of patient information. However, several studies point to the poor quality of many websites and the resulting hazards of false information. The aim of this study was to assess quality of information on thyroid cancer. A patients' search for information about thyroid cancer on German websites was simulated using the search engine Google and the patient portal "Patienten-Information.de". The websites were assessed using a standardized instrument with formal and content aspects from the German Cancer Society. Supporting the results of prior studies that analysed patient information on the Internet, the data showed that the quality of patient information on thyroid cancer is highly heterogeneous depending on the website providers. The majority of website providers are represented by media and health providers other than health insurances, practices and professionals offering patient information of relatively poor quality. Moreover, most websites offer patient information of low-quality content. Only a few trustworthy, high-quality websites exist. Especially Google, a common search engine, focuses more on the dissemination of information than on quality aspects. In order to improve the patient information from the Internet, the visibility of high-quality websites must be improved. For that, education programs to improve patients' eHealth literacy are needed. A quick and easy evaluation tool for online information suited for patients should be implemented, and patients should be taught to integrate such a tool into their research process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ulrike Kuenzel
- Technische Hochschule Brandenburg, Brandenburg an der Havel, Germany
| | | | - Sarah Schroth
- Dr. Senckenberg Chronomedical Institute, J.W. Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Jutta Huebner
- Working Group Integrative Oncology, Dr. Senckenberg Chronomedical Institute, J.W. Goethe University, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590, Frankfurt, Germany.
| | - Natalie Herth
- Dr. Senckenberg Chronomedical Institute, J.W. Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany
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Abstract
The aim of this study was to assess the scientific accuracy and the readability level of websites on kidney and bladder cancers. The search engines Google™, Yahoo™ and Bing™ were searched independently by assessors in November 2014 using the following keywords: "bladder cancer", "kidney cancer", "patient bladder cancer", "patient kidney cancer" and "bladder and kidney cancer". Only English-language websites were selected on the bases of predetermined inclusion and exclusion criteria. Assessors independently reviewed the findings and evaluated the accuracy and quality of each website by using the DISCERN and the LIDA instruments. The readability of the websites was calculated using the Flesch-Kincaid Grade Level Index and the Coleman-Liau Readability Index. Sixty-two websites were finally included in the study. The overall accuracy scores varied; for the DISCERN, the range was 28 to 76; out of 80 (mean ± SD, 47.1 ± 12.1; median = 46.0, interquartile range (IQR) = 19.2), and for the LIDA, the range was 52 to 125; out of 144 (mean ± SD, 101.9 ± 15.2; median, 103; IQR, 16.5). The creators of these websites were universities and research centres (n = 25, 40%), foundations and associations (n = 10, 16%), commercial and pharmaceutical companies (n = 13, 21%), charities and volunteer work (n = 4, 6%) and non-university educational bodies (n = 10, 16%). The readability scores (mean ± SD) were 11.2 ± 2.2 for the Flesch-Kincaid Grade Level Index and 11.2 ± 1.6 for the Coleman-Liau Readability Index. The accuracy and the quality of the websites on kidney and bladder cancers varied. In most websites, there were deficiencies in clarity of aims, presenting symptoms, investigations and treatment options. The readability matched grades 10-11 literacy levels-a level above the public readability level. The study highlights the needs for further improvement of the online information created for public and patients with kidney and bladder cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samy A Azer
- Curriculum Development and Research Unit, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
- Curriculum Development and Research Unit, Medical Education Department, College of Medicine, King Saud University, PO Box 2925, Riyadh, 11461, Saudi Arabia.
- Australian Professional Teaching, Melbourne, 3106, Australia.
| | - Maha M Alghofaili
- Curriculum Development and Research Unit, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rana M Alsultan
- Curriculum Development and Research Unit, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Najla S Alrumaih
- Curriculum Development and Research Unit, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Nădăşan V, Roşca AN, Tarcea M, Ábrám Z, Măruşteri M. The Quality of Romanian Breast Cancer Websites: a Five-Year Longitudinal Assessment. J Cancer Educ 2018; 33:703-707. [PMID: 27888472 DOI: 10.1007/s13187-016-1145-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The Internet has become an important source of overall health information and seems to be the second common source of information used by patients in the process of decision-making before breast surgery. The goal of this study was to monitor Romanian breast cancer websites and their quality over a period of 5 years. We evaluated a sample of 20 websites selected from Google's first search results pages using specific rating scores for e-health quality, completeness, accuracy, and potential risk, in 2011 and 2016, respectively. Only 15 (75%) of the websites in the 2011 sample were accessible in 2016 and only two (10%) retained real-life visibility (Google PageRank < 20). The mean quality scores at baseline (2011) and follow-up (2016), respectively, were as follows: e-health quality 3.80 vs. 4.05; completeness 4.23 vs. 5.43; accuracy 5.74 vs. 6.35; and potential risk score 7.60 vs. 7.30. All quality scores were low or, at best, modest and did not improve significantly over the 5-year period. The results of the study draw attention to the need for programs aiming to improve the ability of breast cancer patients to screen the online health resources and to better regulate the medical Internet to safeguard the best interest of health information seekers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentin Nădăşan
- Department of Hygiene, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Tîrgu Mureş, Tîrgu Mureş, Romania.
| | - Anca Noela Roşca
- Department of Surgery, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Tîrgu Mureş, Tîrgu Mureş, Romania
| | - Monica Tarcea
- Department of Community Nutrition and Food Safety, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Tîrgu Mureş, Tîrgu Mureş, Romania
| | - Zoltán Ábrám
- Department of Hygiene, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Tîrgu Mureş, Tîrgu Mureş, Romania
| | - Marius Măruşteri
- Department of Medical Informatics and Biostatistics, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Tîrgu Mureş, Tîrgu Mureş, Romania
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Murray TE, Mansoor T, Bowden DJ, O'Neill DC, Lee MJ. Uterine Artery Embolization: An Analysis of Online Patient Information Quality and Readability with Historical Comparison. Acad Radiol 2018; 25:619-625. [PMID: 29331361 DOI: 10.1016/j.acra.2017.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2017] [Revised: 11/04/2017] [Accepted: 11/05/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
RATIONALE AND OBJECTIVES Investigators aimed to assess online information describing uterine artery embolization (UAE) to examine the quality and readability of websites patients are accessing. MATERIALS AND METHODS A list of applicable, commonly used searchable terms was generated, including "Uterine Artery Embolization," "Fibroid Embolization," "Uterine Fibroid Embolization," and "Uterine Artery Embolisation." Each possible term was assessed across the five most-used English language search engines to determine the most commonly used term. The most common term was then investigated across each search engine, with the first 25 pages returned by each engine included for analysis. Duplicate pages, nontext content such as video or audio, and pages behind paywalls were excluded. Pages were analyzed for quality and readability using validated tools including DISCERN score, JAMA Benchmark Criteria, HONcode Certification, Flesch Reading Ease Score, Flesch-Kincaid Grade Level, and Gunning-Fog Index. Secondary features such as age, rank, author, and publisher were recorded. RESULTS The most common applicable term was "Uterine Artery Embolization" (492,900 results). Mean DISCERN quality of information provided by UAE websites is "fair"; however, it has declined since comparative 2012 studies. Adherence to JAMA Benchmark Criteria has reduced to 6.7%. UAE website readability remains more difficult than the World Health Organization-recommended 7-8th grade reading levels. HONcode-certified websites (35.6%) demonstrated significantly higher quality than noncertified websites. CONCLUSIONS Quality of online UAE information remains "fair." Adherence to JAMA benchmark criteria is poor. Readability is above recommended 7-8th grade levels. HONcode certification was predictive of higher website quality, a useful guide to patients requesting additional information.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Michael J Lee
- Department of Radiology, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin, Ireland; Royal College of Surgery, Dublin, Ireland
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Charles S, Veber P, Delignette-Muller ML. MOSAIC: a web-interface for statistical analyses in ecotoxicology. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2018; 25:11295-11302. [PMID: 28842838 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-017-9809-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2016] [Accepted: 07/20/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
In ecotoxicology, bioassays are standardly conducted in order to measure acute or chronic effects of potentially toxic substances on reproduction, growth, and/or survival of living animals. MOSAIC, standing for MOdeling and StAtistical tools for ecotoxICology, is a user-friendly web interface dedicated to the mathematical and statistical modelling of such standard bioassay data. Its simple use makes MOSAIC a turnkey decision-making tool for ecotoxicologists and regulators. Without wasting time on extensive mathematical and statistical technicalities, users are provided with advanced and innovative methods for a valuable quantitative environmental risk assessment. MOSAIC is available at http://pbil.univ-lyon1.fr/software/mosaic/ .
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandrine Charles
- Université de Lyon, Université Lyon 1, UMR CNRS 5558, Laboratoire de Biométrie et Biologie Évolutive, 69100, Villeurbanne, France.
| | - Philippe Veber
- Université de Lyon, Université Lyon 1, UMR CNRS 5558, Laboratoire de Biométrie et Biologie Évolutive, 69100, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Marie Laure Delignette-Muller
- Université de Lyon, Université Lyon 1, UMR CNRS 5558, Laboratoire de Biométrie et Biologie Évolutive, 69100, Villeurbanne, France
- Université de Lyon, VetAgro Sup Campus Vetérinaire de Lyon, 69280, Marcy l'Étoiles, France
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Lajiness-O'Neill R, Brooks J, Lukomski A, Schilling S, Huth-Bocks A, Warschausky S, Flores AM, Swick C, Nyman T, Andersen T, Morris N, Schmitt TA, Bell-Smith J, Moir B, Hodges EK, Lyddy JE. Development and validation of PediaTrac™: A web-based tool to track developing infants. Infant Behav Dev 2018; 50:224-237. [PMID: 29427921 DOI: 10.1016/j.infbeh.2018.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2017] [Revised: 01/26/2018] [Accepted: 01/29/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE PediaTrac™, a 363-item web-based tool to track infant development, administered in modules of ∼40-items per sampling period, newborn (NB), 2--, 4--, 6--, 9-- and 12--months was validated. Caregivers answered demographic, medical, and environmental questions, and questions covering the sensorimotor, feeding/eating, sleep, speech/language, cognition, social-emotional, and attachment domains. METHODS Expert Panel Reviews and Cognitive Interviews (CI) were conducted to validate the item bank. Classical Test Theory (CTT) and Item Response Theory (IRT) methods were employed to examine the dimensionality and psychometric properties of PediaTrac with pooled longitudinal and cross-sectional cohorts (N = 132). RESULTS Intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC) for the Expert Panel Review revealed moderate agreement at 6 -months and good reliability at other sampling periods. ICC estimates for CI revealed moderate reliability regarding clarity of the items at NB and 4 months, good reliability at 2--, 9-- and 12--months and excellent reliability at 6 -months. CTT revealed good coefficient alpha estimates (α ≥ 0.77 for five of the six ages) for the Social-Emotional/Communication, Attachment (α ≥ 0.89 for all ages), and Sensorimotor (α ≥ 0.75 at 6-months) domains, revealing the need for better targeting of sensorimotor items. IRT modeling revealed good reliability (r = 0.85-0.95) for three distinct domains (Feeding/Eating, Social-Emotional/Communication and Attachment) and four subdomains (Feeding Breast/Formula, Feeding Solid Food, Social-Emotional Information Processing, Communication/Cognition). Convergent and discriminant construct validity were demonstrated between our IRT-modeled domains and constructs derived from existing developmental, behavioral and caregiver measures. Our Attachment domain was significantly correlated with existing measures at the NB and 2-month periods, while the Social-Emotional/Communication domain was highly correlated with similar constructs at the 6-, 9- and 12-month periods. CONCLUSION PediaTrac has potential for producing novel and effective estimates of infant development via the Sensorimotor, Feeding/Eating, Social-Emotional/Communication and Attachment domains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renée Lajiness-O'Neill
- Eastern Michigan University, Department of Psychology, Ypsilanti, MI, USA; University of Michigan, Center for Human Growth and Development, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
| | - Judith Brooks
- Eastern Michigan University, School of Health Sciences, Dietetics and Human Nutrition Programs, Ypsilanti, MI, USA
| | - Angela Lukomski
- Eastern Michigan University, School of Nursing, Ypsilanti, MI, USA
| | - Stephen Schilling
- University of Michigan, Institute for Social Research, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Alissa Huth-Bocks
- Eastern Michigan University, Department of Psychology, Ypsilanti, MI, USA; University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Seth Warschausky
- University of Michigan, Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | | | - Casey Swick
- Eastern Michigan University, Department of Psychology, Ypsilanti, MI, USA
| | - Tristin Nyman
- Eastern Michigan University, Department of Psychology, Ypsilanti, MI, USA
| | - Tiffany Andersen
- Eastern Michigan University, Department of Psychology, Ypsilanti, MI, USA
| | - Natalie Morris
- Eastern Michigan University, Department of Psychology, Ypsilanti, MI, USA
| | - Thomas A Schmitt
- Eastern Michigan University, Department of Psychology, Ypsilanti, MI, USA
| | | | | | - Elise K Hodges
- Univesity of Michigan Department of Psychiatry, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - James E Lyddy
- Eastern Michigan University, Department of Psychology, Ypsilanti, MI, USA
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Chambers SK, Ritterband LM, Thorndike F, Nielsen L, Aitken JF, Clutton S, Scuffham PA, Youl P, Morris B, Baade PD, Dunn J. Web-Delivered Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Distressed Cancer Patients: Randomized Controlled Trial. J Med Internet Res 2018; 20:e42. [PMID: 29386173 PMCID: PMC5812983 DOI: 10.2196/jmir.8850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2017] [Revised: 11/08/2017] [Accepted: 11/16/2017] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Web-based interventions present a potentially cost-effective approach to supporting self-management for cancer patients; however, further evidence for acceptability and effectiveness is needed. OBJECTIVE The goal of our research was to assess the effectiveness of an individualized Web-based cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) intervention on improving psychological and quality of life outcomes in cancer patients with elevated psychological distress. METHODS A total of 163 distressed cancer patients (111 female, 68.1%) were recruited through the Queensland Cancer Registry and the Cancer Council Queensland Cancer Helpline and randomly assigned to either a Web-based tailored CBT intervention (CancerCope) (79/163) or a static patient education website (84/163). At baseline and 8-week follow-up we assessed primary outcomes of psychological and cancer-specific distress and unmet psychological supportive care needs and secondary outcomes of positive adjustment and quality of life. RESULTS Intention-to-treat analyses showed no evidence of a statistically significant intervention effect on primary or secondary outcomes. However, per-protocol analyses found a greater decrease for the CancerCope group in psychological distress (P=.04), cancer-specific distress (P=.02), and unmet psychological care needs (P=.03) from baseline to 8 weeks compared with the patient education group. Younger patients were more likely to complete the CancerCope intervention. CONCLUSIONS This online CBT intervention was associated with greater decreases in distress for those patients who more closely adhered to the program. Given the low costs and high accessibility of this intervention approach, even if only effective for subgroups of patients, the potential impact may be substantial. TRIAL REGISTRATION Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry ACTRN12613001026718; https://www.anzctr.org.au/Trial/Registration/TrialReview.aspx?id=364768&isReview=true (Archived by WebCite at http://www.webcitation.org/6uPvpcovl).
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Affiliation(s)
- Suzanne K Chambers
- Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Australia
- Cancer Council Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
- Prostate Cancer Foundation of Australia, Sydney, Australia
- Health and Wellness Institute, Edith Cowan University, Perth, Australia
- Centre for Clinical Research, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Lee M Ritterband
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, United States
- BeHealth Solutions, Charlottesville, VA, United States
| | | | | | - Joanne F Aitken
- Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Australia
- Cancer Council Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
- Institute for Resilient Regions, University of Southern Queensland, Springfield, Australia
| | | | - Paul A Scuffham
- Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Australia
| | - Philippa Youl
- University of Sunshine Coast, Sippy Downs, Australia
- School of Public Health and Social Work, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia
| | | | - Peter D Baade
- Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Australia
- Cancer Council Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
- School of Mathematical Sciences, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Jeff Dunn
- Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Australia
- Cancer Council Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
- Institute for Resilient Regions, University of Southern Queensland, Springfield, Australia
- School of Social Science, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
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Myers CA, Keller JN, Allen HR, Brouillette RM, Foil H, Davis AB, Greenway FL, Johnson WD, Martin CK. Reliability and Validity of a Novel Internet-Based Battery to Assess Mood and Cognitive Function in the Elderly. J Alzheimers Dis 2018; 54:1359-1364. [PMID: 27589529 DOI: 10.3233/jad-160441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Dementia is a chronic condition in the elderly and depression is often a concurrent symptom. As populations continue to age, accessible and useful tools to screen for cognitive function and its associated symptoms in elderly populations are needed. The aim of this study was to test the reliability and validity of a new internet-based assessment battery for screening mood and cognitive function in an elderly population. Specifically, the Helping Hand Technology (HHT) assessments for depression (HHT-D) and global cognitive function (HHT-G) were evaluated in a sample of 57 elderly participants (22 male, 35 female) aged 59-85 years. The study sample was categorized into three groups: 1) dementia (n = 8; Mini-Mental State Exam (MMSE) score 10-24), 2) mild cognitive impairment (n = 24; MMSE score 25-28), and 3) control (n = 25; MMSE score 29-30). Test-retest reliability (Pearson correlation coefficient, r) and internal consistency reliability (Cronbach's alpha, α) of the HHT-D and HHT-G were assessed. Validity of the HHT-D and HHT-G was tested via comparison (Pearson r) to commonly used pencil-and-paper based assessments: HHT-D versus the Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS) and HHT-G versus the MMSE. Good test-retest (r = 0.80; p < 0.0001) and acceptable internal consistency reliability (α= 0.73) of the HHT-D were established. Moderate support for the validity of the HHT-D was obtained (r = 0.60 between the HHT-D and GDS; p < 0.0001). Results indicated good test-retest (r = 0.87; p < 0.0001) and acceptable internal consistency reliability (α= 0.70) of the HHT-G. Validity of the HHT-G was supported (r = 0.71 between the HHT-G and MMSE; p < 0.0001). In summary, the HHT-D and HHT-G were found to be reliable and valid computerized assessments to screen for depression and cognitive status, respectively, in an elderly sample.
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Ryan DJ. Acupuncture, ACC and the Medicines Act. N Z Med J 2017; 130:70-77. [PMID: 29197903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Acupuncture is covered under the Accident Compensation (Liability to Pay or Contribute to Cost of Treatment) Regulations 2003, and is therefore eligible for Accident Compensation Corporation payments for the treatment of personal injuries. This study searched New Zealand acupuncturists' websites for therapeutic claims that may breach Section 58(1)(a) of the Medicines Act. A search of acupuncturists' websites shows that many claim to be able to treat a wide range of conditions, despite a lack of evidence showing the efficacy of acupuncture in the treatment of those conditions. Practitioners and owners of websites likely to be in breach of the Medicines Act include many committee members from acupuncture's professional bodies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel J Ryan
- Committee Member, Society for Science Based Healthcare, Wellington
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Affiliation(s)
- W A Clement
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, Victoria Infirmary, Langside Road, Glasgow G42 9TY, Scotland, UK
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Boztas N, Omur D, Ozbılgın S, Altuntas G, Piskin E, Ozkardesler S, Hanci V. Readability of internet-sourced patient education material related to "labour analgesia". Medicine (Baltimore) 2017; 96:e8526. [PMID: 29137057 PMCID: PMC5690750 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000008526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2017] [Revised: 09/29/2017] [Accepted: 10/13/2017] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
We evaluated the readability of Internet-sourced patient education materials (PEMs) related to "labour analgesia." In addition to assessing the readability of websites, we aimed to compare commercial, personal, and academic websites.We used the most popular search engine (http://www.google.com) in our study. The first 100 websites in English that resulted from a search for the key words "labour analgesia" were scanned. Websites that were not in English, graphs, pictures, videos, tables, figures and list formats in the text, all punctuation, the number of words in the text is less than 100 words, feedback forms not related to education, (Uniform Resource Locator) URL websites, author information, references, legal disclaimers, and addresses and telephone numbers were excluded.The texts included in the study were assessed using the Flesch Reading Ease Score (FRES), Flesch-Kincaid Grade Level (FKGL), Simple Measure of Gobbledygook (SMOG), and Gunning Frequency of Gobbledygook (FOG) readability formulae. The number of Latin words within the text was determined.Analysis of 300-word sections of the texts revealed that the mean FRES was 47.54 ± 12.54 (quite difficult), mean FKGL and SMOG were 11.92 ± 2.59 and 10.57 ± 1.88 years of education, respectively, and mean Gunning FOG was 14.71 ± 2.76 (very difficult). Within 300-word sections, the mean number of Latin words was identified as 16.56 ± 6.37.In our study, the readability level of Internet-sourced PEM related to "labour analgesia" was identified to be quite high indicating poor readability.
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Hwong AR, Sah S, Lehmann LS. The Effects of Public Disclosure of Industry Payments to Physicians on Patient Trust: A Randomized Experiment. J Gen Intern Med 2017; 32:1186-1192. [PMID: 28717899 PMCID: PMC5653550 DOI: 10.1007/s11606-017-4122-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2016] [Revised: 04/28/2017] [Accepted: 06/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Financial ties between physicians and the pharmaceutical and medical device industry are common, but little is known about how patient trust is affected by these ties. OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to evaluate how viewing online public disclosure of industry payments affects patients' trust ratings for physicians, the medical profession, and the pharmaceutical and medical device industry. DESIGN This was a randomized experimental evaluation. PARTICIPANTS There were 278 English-speaking participants over age 18 who had seen a healthcare provider in the previous 12 months who took part in the study. INTERVENTIONS Participants searched for physicians on an online disclosure database, viewed payments from industry to the physicians, and assigned trust ratings. Participants were randomized to view physicians who received no payment ($0), low payment ($250-300), or high payment (>$13,000) from industry, or to a control arm in which they did not view the disclosure website. They also were asked to search for and then rate trust in their own physician. MAIN MEASURES Primary outcomes were trust in individual physician, medical profession, and industry. These scales measure trust as a composite of honesty, fidelity, competence, and global trust. KEY RESULTS Compared to physicians who received no payments, physicians who received payments over $13,000 received lower ratings for honesty [mean (SD): 3.36 (0.86) vs. 2.75 (0.95), p < 0.001] and fidelity [3.19 (0.65) vs. 2.89 (0.68), p = 0.01]. Among the 7.9% of participants who found their own physician on the website, ratings for honesty and fidelity decreased as the industry payment to the physician increased (honesty: Spearman's ρ = -0.52, p = 0.02; fidelity: Spearman's ρ = -0.55, p = 0.01). Viewing the disclosure website did not affect trust ratings for the medical profession or industry. CONCLUSIONS Disclosure of industry payments to physicians affected perceptions of individual physician honesty and fidelity, but not perceptions of competence. Disclosure did not affect trust ratings for the medical profession or the pharmaceutical and medical device industry. ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT02179632 ( https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02179632 ).
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Affiliation(s)
- Alison R Hwong
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
- Harvard PhD Program in Health Policy and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Sunita Sah
- Johnson Graduate School of Management, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - Lisa Soleymani Lehmann
- Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Health Policy and Management, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- National Center for Ethics in Health Care, Veterans Health Administration, Washington, DC, USA
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Mendes Á, Abreu L, Vilar-Correia MR, Borlido-Santos J. "That Should Be Left to Doctors, That's What They are There For!"-Exploring the Reflexivity and Trust of Young Adults When Seeking Health Information. Health Commun 2017; 32:1076-1081. [PMID: 27485762 DOI: 10.1080/10410236.2016.1199081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
This paper explores the health information-seeking practices of healthy young adults and how they assess and rank sources of information through a qualitative study. The findings show that participants (a) are strongly committed to searching for information about health and lifestyle, especially via the Internet; (b) healthcare professionals were perceived as the most reliable source of health information and advice; (c) online health information, although frequently accessed and experienced as empowering, is seen as a potentially unreliable source. Findings evidence how becoming better informed about health-related topics plays a pivotal role in individuals' lives, most notably by using the Internet. Participants were able to reflect about what it means to know about health. The construction of trust regarding health information involved a heuristic process vis-à-vis source reliability and perceived credibility that places doctors as the most trustworthy medium of medical advice and health information. We conclude that participants' trust toward professionals suggests the preference and need for more personalized care; and it is a response to the ambiguity and uncertainty that permeates the health information landscape, particularly that which is web-based.
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Affiliation(s)
- Álvaro Mendes
- a i3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde , Universidade do Porto
- b IBMC - Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular , Universidade do Porto
| | - Liliana Abreu
- a i3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde , Universidade do Porto
- b IBMC - Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular , Universidade do Porto
- c EPIUnit, ISPUP - Instituto de Saúde Pública da Universidade do Porto
| | - Maria Rui Vilar-Correia
- a i3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde , Universidade do Porto
- b IBMC - Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular , Universidade do Porto
| | - Júlio Borlido-Santos
- a i3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde , Universidade do Porto
- b IBMC - Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular , Universidade do Porto
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