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Morgan G, Casalino S, Chowdhary S, Frangione E, Fung CYJ, Lapadula E, Arnoldo S, Bearss E, Binnie A, Borgundvaag B, Briollais L, Dagher M, Devine L, Friedman SM, Khan Z, Mighton C, Nirmalanathan K, Richardson D, Stern S, Taher A, Wolday D, Lerner-Ellis J, Taher J. COVID-19 vaccine reactogenicity among participants enrolled in the GENCOV study. Vaccine 2024; 42:2733-2739. [PMID: 38521677 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2024.03.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Revised: 03/04/2024] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 03/25/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND GENCOV is a prospective, observational cohort study of COVID-19-positive adults. Here, we characterize and compare side effects between COVID-19 vaccines and determine whether reactogenicity is exacerbated by prior SARS-CoV-2 infection. METHODS Participants were recruited across Ontario, Canada. Participant-reported demographic and COVID-19 vaccination data were collected using a questionnaire. Multivariable logistic regression was performed to assess whether vaccine manufacturer, type, and previous SARS-CoV-2 infection are associated with reactogenicity. RESULTS Responses were obtained from n = 554 participants. Tiredness and localized side effects were the most common reactions across vaccine doses. For most participants, side effects occurred and subsided within 1-2 days. Recipients of Moderna mRNA and AstraZeneca vector vaccines reported reactions more frequently compared to recipients of a Pfizer-BioNTech mRNA vaccine. Previous SARS-CoV-2 infection was independently associated with developing side effects. CONCLUSIONS We provide evidence of relatively mild and short-lived reactions reported by participants who have received approved COVID-19 vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gregory Morgan
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Toronto, ON M5G 1X5, Canada; Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, ON M5G 1X5, Canada; Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Selina Casalino
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Toronto, ON M5G 1X5, Canada; Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, ON M5G 1X5, Canada
| | - Sunakshi Chowdhary
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 2C4, Canada
| | - Erika Frangione
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Toronto, ON M5G 1X5, Canada; Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, ON M5G 1X5, Canada
| | - Chun Yiu Jordan Fung
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Toronto, ON M5G 1X5, Canada; Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, ON M5G 1X5, Canada
| | - Elisa Lapadula
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Toronto, ON M5G 1X5, Canada; Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, ON M5G 1X5, Canada
| | - Saranya Arnoldo
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada; William Osler Health System, Brampton, ON L6R 3J7, Canada
| | - Erin Bearss
- Mount Sinai Academic Family Health Team, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, ON M5T 3L9, Canada; Department of Family and Community Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 1V7, Canada
| | - Alexandra Binnie
- Department of Critical Care, William Osler Health System, Etobicoke, ON M9V 1R8, Canada
| | - Bjug Borgundvaag
- Schwartz/Reisman Emergency Medicine Institute, Sinai Health System, Toronto, ON M5G 2A2, Canada
| | | | - Marc Dagher
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 1V7, Canada; Women's College Hospital, Toronto, ON M5S 1B2, Canada
| | - Luke Devine
- Division of General Internal Medicine, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, ON M5G 1X5, Canada; Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Steven M Friedman
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 1V7, Canada; Emergency Medicine, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 2C4, Canada
| | - Zeeshan Khan
- Mackenzie Health, Richmond Hill, ON L4C 4Z3, Canada
| | - Chloe Mighton
- Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, ON M5B 1A6, Canada; Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5T 3M6, Canada
| | | | | | - Seth Stern
- Mackenzie Health, Richmond Hill, ON L4C 4Z3, Canada
| | - Ahmed Taher
- Mackenzie Health, Richmond Hill, ON L4C 4Z3, Canada; Division of Emergency Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 3H2, Canada
| | - Dawit Wolday
- Department of Biochemistry & Biomedical Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 4K1, Canada
| | - Jordan Lerner-Ellis
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Toronto, ON M5G 1X5, Canada; Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, ON M5G 1X5, Canada; Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Jennifer Taher
- Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, ON M5G 1X5, Canada; Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada.
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Martin CL, Richardson D, Richey M, Nocera M, Cantrell J, McClure ES, Martin AT, Marshall SW, Ranapurwala S. Twenty-five year occupational homicide mortality trends in North Carolina: 1992-2017. Inj Prev 2024:ip-2023-044991. [PMID: 38355295 DOI: 10.1136/ip-2023-044991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2023] [Accepted: 12/02/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Determining industry of decedents and victim-perpetrator relationships is crucial to inform and evaluate occupational homicide prevention strategies. In this study, we examine occupational homicide rates in North Carolina (NC) by victim characteristics, industry and victim-perpetrator relationship from 1992 to 2017. METHODS Occupational homicides were identified from records of the NC Office of the Chief Medical Examiner system and the NC death certificates. Sex, age, race, ethnicity, class of worker, manner of death, victim-perpetrator relationship and industry were abstracted. Crude and age-standardised homicide rates were calculated as the number of homicides that occurred at work divided by an estimate of worker-years (w-y). Rate ratios and 95% CIs were calculated, and trends over calendar time in occupational homicide rates were examined overall and by industry. RESULTS 456 homicides over 111 573 049 w-y were observed. Occupational homicide rates decreased from 0.82 per 100 000 w-y for the period 1992-1995 to 0.21 per 100 000 w-y for the period 2011-2015, but increased to 0.32 per 100 000 w-y in the period 2016-2017. Fifty-five per cent (252) of homicides were perpetrated by strangers. Taxi drivers experienced an occupational homicide rate that was 110 times (95% CI 76.52 to 160.19) the overall occupational homicide rate in NC; however, this rate declined by 76.5% between 1992 and 2017. Disparities were observed among workers 65+ years old, racially and ethnically minoritised workers and self-employed workers. CONCLUSION Our findings identify industries and worker demographics that experienced high occupational homicide fatality rates. Targeted and tailored mitigation strategies among vulnerable industries and workers are recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chelsea L Martin
- Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, UNC-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
- Injury Prevention Research Center, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - David Richardson
- Susan and Henry Samueli College of Health Sciences, University of California Irvine, Irvine, California, USA
| | - Morgan Richey
- National Foundation for the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Inc, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Maryalice Nocera
- University of North Carolina Injury Prevention Research Center, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - John Cantrell
- Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Elizabeth S McClure
- Injury Prevention Research Center, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Amelia T Martin
- Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Stephen W Marshall
- Epidemiology, UNC Gillings School of Global Public Health, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
- Injury Prevention Research Center, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Injury Prevention Research Center, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Shabbar Ranapurwala
- Epidemiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
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Rapaport B, Burnside G, Parks C, Duncan C, Richardson D, Ellenbogen J, Sinha A, Craig R, Diwan R, Hennedige A. Part II: Blood Transfusion and Donor Exposure in the Surgical Management of Trigonocephaly Patients: A Protocol From Alder Hey Craniofacial Unit. J Craniofac Surg 2024; 35:114-118. [PMID: 38063395 DOI: 10.1097/scs.0000000000009878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Accepted: 09/02/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Trigonocephaly is a craniofacial malformation caused by premature fusion of the metopic suture. Surgical correction frequently results in the need for blood transfusion. Transfusion complications include transfusion-transmitted infections (TTIs), immune-mediated reactions, and volume overload. Donor exposure (DE) describes the number of blood products from unique donors with increasing DE equating to an increased risk of TTI. We evaluate data on 204 trigonocephaly patients covering 20 years of practice with respect to blood transfusions and DE. This represents the largest series from a single unit to date. A protocol based on our experiences has been devised that summarizes the key interventions we recommend to minimize blood transfusions and DE in craniofacial surgery. Patients operated on between 2000 and 2020 were included. DE and a range of values were calculated including estimated red cell loss (ERCL) and estimated red cell volume transfused (ERCVT). Groups were established by relevant interventions and compared using the Mann-Whitney U test. Mean DE fell from 1.46 at baseline to 0.85 ( P <0.05). Median allogenic transfusion volume fell from 350 mL at baseline to 250 mL ( P <0.05). Median ERCL fell from 15.05 mL/kg at baseline to 12.39 mL/kg and median ERCVT fell from 20.85 to 15.98 mL/kg. Changes in ERCL and ERCVT did not reach statistical significance. DE can be minimized with the introduction of key interventions such as a restrictive transfusion policy, preoperative iron, cell saver, tranexamic acid, and use of a matchstick burr for osteotomies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Girvan Burnside
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Chris Parks
- Craniofacial Centre, Alder Hey Children's Hospital
| | | | | | | | - Ajay Sinha
- Craniofacial Centre, Alder Hey Children's Hospital
| | | | - Rishi Diwan
- Craniofacial Centre, Alder Hey Children's Hospital
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Elmaghraby M, Abrar S, Kanangi SMR, Parks C, Duncan C, Richardson D, Sinha A. Raine's syndrome: rare disease from neurosurgical perspective. Childs Nerv Syst 2024; 40:11-17. [PMID: 37819507 DOI: 10.1007/s00381-023-06174-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023]
Abstract
Raine's syndrome (RS) is a rare genetic disorder. Only 25 cases are in literature. Occurs due to genetic mutation resulting in deranged bone metabolism. Few cases are reported discussing the neurosurgical ramifications of the disease. We report a child diagnosed with RS. He was presented with multisutural synostosis requiring craniofacial intervention with two vault expansions. Additionally, required VP shunt due to hydrocephalus. We consider our case unique among reports of RS, as our patient has survived for 10. He died due to valve obstruction of the VP shunt. We also present a review of relevant medical literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mostafa Elmaghraby
- Neurosurgery Department, Alder Hey Children Hospital, Liverpool, UK.
- Neurosurgery Department, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Sahibzada Abrar
- Neurosurgery Department, Alder Hey Children Hospital, Liverpool, UK
| | | | | | - Christian Duncan
- Neurosurgery Department, Alder Hey Children Hospital, Liverpool, UK
| | - David Richardson
- Neurosurgery Department, Alder Hey Children Hospital, Liverpool, UK
| | - Ajay Sinha
- Neurosurgery Department, Alder Hey Children Hospital, Liverpool, UK
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Stanford ND, Rogers SN, Richardson D. Impact of patient age on the functional and psychosocial outcomes of orthognathic treatment. Br J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2023; 61:672-678. [PMID: 37863726 DOI: 10.1016/j.bjoms.2023.08.238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Revised: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 08/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/22/2023]
Abstract
Orthognathic treatment has been demonstrated to enhance oral function and quality of life. In the UK, prior approval criteria have been trialled to govern the provision of orthognathic surgery within the National Health Service (NHS). These include the patient's age and presence of functional concerns. The purpose of this paper was to examine the outcomes of orthognathic treatment with respect to patient age at the start of treatment. This was a retrospective evaluation of a single surgeon's experience of patients treated for dentofacial deformity over a 17-year period. A total of 118 patients completed pre-treatment and post-treatment questionnaires. There were significant improvements (p < 0.001) in reported functional problems, and in Body Satisfaction Scale (BSS), General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-12), and in Anxiety questionnaire scores. There was no difference in outcome when younger and older patients were compared. Orthognathic treatment produced positive functional and psychosocial outcomes irrespective of the patient's age at the start of treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicky D Stanford
- Alder Hey Children's NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool, UK; The Countess of Chester Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Chester, UK.
| | - Simon N Rogers
- Wirral University Teaching Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool, UK
| | - David Richardson
- Aintree University Hospital, Liverpool University Hospitals Foundation Trust, Liverpool, UK
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Pott H, Andrew MK, Shaffelburg Z, Nichols MK, Ye L, ElSherif M, Hatchette TF, LeBlanc J, Ambrose A, Boivin G, Bowie W, Johnstone J, Katz K, Lagacé-Wiens P, Loeb M, McCarthy A, McGeer A, Poirier A, Powis J, Richardson D, Semret M, Smith S, Smyth D, Stiver G, Trottier S, Valiquette L, Webster D, McNeil SA. Vaccine Effectiveness of non-adjuvanted and adjuvanted trivalent inactivated influenza vaccines in the prevention of influenza-related hospitalization in older adults: A pooled analysis from the Serious Outcomes Surveillance (SOS) Network of the Canadian Immunization Research Network (CIRN). Vaccine 2023; 41:6359-6365. [PMID: 37696717 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2023.08.070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Revised: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Influenza vaccines prevent influenza-related morbidity and mortality; however, suboptimal vaccine effectiveness (VE) of non-adjuvanted trivalent inactivated influenza vaccine (naTIV) or quadrivalent formulations in older adults prompted the use of enhanced products such as adjuvanted TIV (aTIV). Here, the VE of aTIV is compared to naTIV for preventing influenza-associated hospitalization among older adults. METHODS A test-negative design study was used with pooled data from the 2012 to 2015 influenza seasons. An inverse probability of treatment (IPT)-weighted logistic regression estimated the Odds Ratio (OR) for laboratory-confirmed influenza-associated hospitalization. VE was calculated as (1-OR)*100% with accompanying 95% confidence intervals (CI). RESULTS Of 7,101 adults aged ≥ 65, 3,364 received naTIV and 526 received aTIV. The overall VE against influenza hospitalization was 45.9% (95% CI: 40.2%-51.1%) for naTIV and 53.5% (42.8%-62.3%) for aTIV. No statistically significant differences in VE were found between aTIV and naTIV by age group or influenza season, though a trend favoring aTIV over naTIV was noted. Frailty may have impacted VE in aTIV recipients compared to those receiving naTIV, according to an exploratory analysis; VE adjusted by frailty was 59.1% (49.6%-66.8%) for aTIV and 44.8% (39.1%-50.0%) for naTIV. The overall relative VE of aTIV to naTIV against laboratory-confirmed influenza hospital admission was 25% (OR 0.75; 0.61-0.92), demonstrating statistically significant benefit favoring aTIV. CONCLUSIONS Adjusting for frailty, aTIV showed statistically significantly better protection than naTIV against influenza-associated hospitalizations in older adults. In future studies, it is important to consider frailty as a significant confounder of VE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henrique Pott
- Canadian Centre for Vaccinology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Canada; Department of Medicine, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, São Carlos, Brazil
| | - Melissa K Andrew
- Canadian Centre for Vaccinology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Canada; Department of Medicine, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Canada
| | - Zachary Shaffelburg
- Canadian Centre for Vaccinology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Canada; Department of Medicine, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Canada
| | - Michaela K Nichols
- Canadian Centre for Vaccinology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Canada; Public Health Agency of Canada, Halifax, Canada
| | - Lingyun Ye
- Canadian Centre for Vaccinology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Canada
| | - May ElSherif
- Canadian Centre for Vaccinology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Canada
| | - Todd F Hatchette
- Canadian Centre for Vaccinology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Canada; Department of Medicine, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Canada
| | - Jason LeBlanc
- Canadian Centre for Vaccinology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Canada; Department of Pathology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Canada
| | - Ardith Ambrose
- Canadian Centre for Vaccinology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Canada
| | - Guy Boivin
- CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Québec, Québec
| | - William Bowie
- University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | | | - Kevin Katz
- North York General Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | | | - Mark Loeb
- McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | | | | | - Andre Poirier
- Centre Intégré Universitaire de santé et services sociaux, Quebec, Quebec, Canada
| | - Jeff Powis
- Michael Garron Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | | | | | | | - Daniel Smyth
- The Moncton Hospital, Moncton, New Brunswick, Canada
| | - Grant Stiver
- University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Sylvie Trottier
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec, Québec, Québec, Canada
| | | | | | - Shelly A McNeil
- Canadian Centre for Vaccinology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Canada; Department of Medicine, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Canada.
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Podolnikova NP, Lishko VK, Roberson R, Koh Z, Derkach D, Richardson D, Sheller M, Ugarova TP. Platelet factor 4 improves survival in a murine model of antibiotic-susceptible and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus peritonitis. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2023; 13:1217103. [PMID: 37868353 PMCID: PMC10585365 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2023.1217103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The complement receptor CR3, also known as integrin Mac-1 (CD11b/CD18), is one of the major phagocytic receptors on the surface of neutrophils and macrophages. We previously demonstrated that in its protein ligands, Mac-1 binds sequences enriched in basic and hydrophobic residues and strongly disfavors negatively charged sequences. The avoidance by Mac-1 of negatively charged surfaces suggests that the bacterial wall and bacterial capsule possessing net negative electrostatic charge may repel Mac-1 and that the cationic Mac-1 ligands can overcome this evasion by acting as opsonins. Indeed, we previously showed that opsonization of Gram-negative Escherichia coli with several cationic peptides, including PF4 (Platelet Factor 4), strongly augmented phagocytosis by macrophages. Here, we investigated the effect of recombinant PF4 (rPF4) on phagocytosis of Gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus in vitro and examined its impact in a mouse model of S. aureus peritonitis. Characterization of the interaction of rPF4 with nonencapsulated and encapsulated S. aureus showed that rPF4 localizes on the bacterial surface, thus making it available for Mac-1. Furthermore, rPF4 did not have direct bactericidal and bacteriostatic activity and was not toxic to host cells. rPF4 enhanced phagocytosis of S. aureus bioparticles by various primary and cultured Mac-1-expressing leukocytes by several folds. It also increased phagocytosis of live nonencapsulated and encapsulated bacteria. Notably, the augmentation of phagocytosis by rPF4 did not compromise the intracellular killing of S. aureus by macrophages. Using a murine S. aureus peritonitis model, we showed that treatment of infected mice with rPF4 caused a significant increase in the clearance of antibiotic-susceptible S. aureus and its methicillin-resistant (MRSA) variant and markedly improved survival. These findings indicate that rPF4 binding to the bacterial surface circumvents its antiphagocytic properties, improving host defense against antibiotic-susceptible and antibiotic-resistant bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Valeryi K. Lishko
- School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, United States
| | - Robert Roberson
- School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, United States
| | - Zhiqian Koh
- School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, United States
| | | | | | - Michael Sheller
- School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, United States
| | - Tatiana P. Ugarova
- School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, United States
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Kurzbuch AR, Cooper B, Duncan C, Ellenbogen J, Richardson D, Sinha A, Weber A, Sithambaram S, Hennedige A, Parks C. Patient Tailored Surgery in Saethre-Chotzen Syndrome: Analysis of Reoperation for Intracranial Hypertension. J Craniofac Surg 2023; 34:2099-2103. [PMID: 37226293 DOI: 10.1097/scs.0000000000009429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 04/08/2023] [Indexed: 05/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Saethre-Chotzen syndrome (SCS) is a syndromic craniosynostosis with pathogenic variants in the TWIST1 gene showing a broad phenotypic spectrum. Controversies exist in the literature regarding surgical management with single one-stage versus patient-tailored surgery and the related reoperation rate for intracranial hypertension of up to 42%. At our center, SCS patients are offered patient-tailored surgery with single-stage fronto-orbital advancement and remodeling or fronto-orbital advancement and remodeling and posterior distraction in an individually determined order. The authors' database identified 35 confirmed SCS patients between 1999 and 2022. Involved sutures in craniosynostosis were left unicoronal (22.9%), bicoronal (22.9%), sagittal (8.6%), bicoronal and sagittal (5.7%), right unicoronal (2.9%), bicoronal and metopic (2.9%), bicoronal, sagittal and metopic (2.9%), and bilateral lambdoid (2.9%). There was pansynostosis in 8.6% and no craniosynostosis in 14.3% of the patients. Twenty-six patients, 10 females, and 16 males were operated on. Mean age at the first surgery was 1.70 years, and 3.86 years at the second surgery. Eleven of 26 patients had invasive intracranial pressure monitoring. Three patients presented with papilledema before the first surgery and 4 afterward. Four of the 26 operated patients were operated initially elsewhere. The other 22 patients were initially referred to our unit and underwent patient-tailored surgery. Nine of these patients (41%) had a second surgery, and 3 (14%) of them were because of raised intracranial pressure. Seven (27%) of all operated patients had a complication. Median follow-up was 13.98 years (range, 1.85-18.08). Patient-tailored surgery in a specialized center and long-term follow-up allow for a low reoperation rate for intracranial hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arthur R Kurzbuch
- Department of Neurosurgery, Craniofacial Unit, Alder Hey Children's NHS Foundation Trust
| | - Ben Cooper
- Department of Neurosurgery, Craniofacial Unit, Alder Hey Children's NHS Foundation Trust
| | - Christian Duncan
- Department of Maxillofacial and Craniofacial Surgery, Alder Hey Children's NHS Foundation Trust
| | - Jonathan Ellenbogen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Craniofacial Unit, Alder Hey Children's NHS Foundation Trust
| | - David Richardson
- Department of Maxillofacial and Craniofacial Surgery, Alder Hey Children's NHS Foundation Trust
| | - Ajay Sinha
- Department of Neurosurgery, Craniofacial Unit, Alder Hey Children's NHS Foundation Trust
| | - Astrid Weber
- Liverpool Centre for Genomic Medicine, Liverpool Women's NHS Foundation Trust
| | | | - Anusha Hennedige
- Department of Maxillofacial and Craniofacial Surgery, Alder Hey Children's NHS Foundation Trust
| | - Chris Parks
- Department of Neurosurgery, Craniofacial Unit, Alder Hey Children's NHS Foundation Trust
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Ziegler C, Mir A, Anandakrishnan S, Martin P, Contreras E, Slemons I, Witkowski B, DeSilva C, Farmer A, Vranic S, Gatalica Z, Richardson D, Derkach DN. Assay-agnostic spatial profiling detects tumor microenvironment signatures: new diagnostic insights for triple-negative breast cancer. Mol Oncol 2023; 17:1953-1961. [PMID: 37666492 PMCID: PMC10552887 DOI: 10.1002/1878-0261.13515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Revised: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 08/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The role of the tumor microenvironment (TME) in immuno-oncology has driven demand for technologies that deliver in situ, or spatial, molecular information. Compartmentalized heterogeneity that traditional methods miss is becoming key to predicting both acquired drug resistance to targeted therapies and patient response to immunotherapy. Here, we describe a novel method for assay-agnostic spatial profiling and demonstrate its ability to detect immune microenvironment signatures in breast cancer patients that are unresolved by the immunohistochemical (IHC) assessment of programmed cell death ligand-1 (PD-L1) on immune cells, which represents the only FDA microenvironment-based companion diagnostic test that has been approved for triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). Two distinct physiological states were found that are uncorrelated to tumor mutational burden (TMB), microsatellite instability (MSI), PD-L1 expression, and intrinsic cancer subtypes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Alain Mir
- Takara Bio USASan FranciscoCaliforniaUSA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Semir Vranic
- College of Medicine, QU HealthQatar UniversityDohaQatar
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Roth M, King L, St Cyr K, Mohsin U, Balderson K, Rhind S, Goldman A, Richardson D. Evaluating the prospective utility of pharmacogenetics reporting among Canadian Armed Forces personnel receiving pharmacotherapy: a preliminary assessment towards precision psychiatric care. BMJ Mil Health 2023:e002447. [PMID: 37657847 DOI: 10.1136/military-2023-002447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/03/2023]
Abstract
Pharmacological interventions for treating posttraumatic stress disorder in Canadian Armed Forces (CAF) members and Veterans often achieve modest results. The field of pharmacogenetics, or the study of how genes influence an individual's response to different medications, offers insight into how prior knowledge of gene-drug interactions may potentially improve the trial-and-error process of drug selection in pharmacotherapy, thereby improving treatment effects and remission rates. Given the relative recency of pharmacogenetics testing and sparse research in military samples, we used pharmacogenetics testing in a small pilot group (n=23) of CAF members and Veterans who were already engaged in pharmacotherapy for a service-related mental health condition to better understand the associated opportunities and challenges of pharmacogenetics testing in this population. Our preliminary evaluation involved: (1) reporting the prevalence of pharmacogenetics testing 'bin' status according to participants' reports ('green', 'yellow' or 'red'; intending to signal 'go', 'caution' or 'stop', regarding the potential for gene-drug interactions); (2) calculating the percentage of currently prescribed psychotropic medications that were assessed and included in the reports; (3) evaluating whether prescribers used pharmacogenetics testing information according to clinical notes and (4) collecting informal feedback from participating psychiatrists. While pharmacogenetics testing appeared to provide valuable information for a number of clients, a major limitation was the number of commonly prescribed medications not included in the reports.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maya Roth
- Operational Stress Injury Clinic-Greater Toronto Site, St. Joseph's Health Care, London, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- MacDonald Franklin Operational Stress Injury Research Centre, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - L King
- Operational Stress Injury Clinic - Parkwood Main Site, SJHC, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - K St Cyr
- MacDonald Franklin Operational Stress Injury Research Centre, London, Ontario, Canada
- University of Toronto Dalla Lana School of Public Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - U Mohsin
- University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - K Balderson
- Operational Stress Injury Clinic - Parkwood Main Site, SJHC, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - S Rhind
- Defence Research and Development Canada, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - A Goldman
- DNA Labs Canada Inc, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - D Richardson
- MacDonald Franklin Operational Stress Injury Research Centre, London, Ontario, Canada
- Operational Stress Injury Clinic - Parkwood Main Site, SJHC, London, Ontario, Canada
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11
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Podolnikova NP, Lishko VK, Roberson R, Koh Z, Derkach D, Richardson D, Sheller M, Ugarova TP. PLATELET FACTOR 4 (PF4) IMPROVES SURVIVAL IN A MURINE MODEL OF ANTIBIOTIC-SUSCEPTIBLE AND METHICILLIN-RESISTANT STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS PERITONITIS. bioRxiv 2023:2023.08.25.554865. [PMID: 37662328 PMCID: PMC10473751 DOI: 10.1101/2023.08.25.554865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/05/2023]
Abstract
The complement receptor CR3, also known as integrin Mac-1 (CD11b/CD18), is one of the major phagocytic receptors on the surface of neutrophils and macrophages. We previously demonstrated that in its protein ligands, Mac-1 binds sequences enriched in basic and hydrophobic residues and strongly disfavors negatively charged sequences. The avoidance by Mac-1 of negatively charged surfaces suggests that the bacterial wall and bacterial capsule possessing net negative electrostatic charge may repel Mac-1 and that the cationic Mac-1 ligands can overcome this evasion by acting as opsonins. Indeed, we previously showed that opsonization of Gram-negative Escherichia coli with several cationic peptides, including PF4 (Platelet Factor 4), strongly augmented phagocytosis by macrophages. Here, we investigated the effect of recombinant PF4 (rPF4) on phagocytosis of Gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus in vitro and examined its impact in a mouse model of S. aureus peritonitis. Characterization of the interaction of rPF4 with nonencapsulated and encapsulated S. aureus showed that rPF4 localizes on the bacterial surface, thus making it available for Mac-1. Furthermore, rPF4 did not have direct bactericidal and bacteriostatic activity and was not toxic to host cells. rPF4 enhanced phagocytosis of S. aureus bioparticles by various primary and cultured Mac-1-expressing leukocytes by several folds. It also increased phagocytosis of live nonencapsulated and encapsulated bacteria. Notably, the augmentation of phagocytosis by rPF4 did not compromise the intracellular killing of S. aureus by macrophages. Using a murine S. aureus peritonitis model, we showed that treatment of infected mice with rPF4 caused a significant increase in the clearance of antibiotic-susceptible S. aureus and its methicillin-resistant (MRSA) variant and markedly improved survival. These findings indicate that rPF4 binding to the bacterial surface circumvents its antiphagocytic properties, improving host defense against antibiotic-susceptible and antibiotic-resistant bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Robert Roberson
- School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287
| | - Zhqian Koh
- School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287
| | | | | | - Michael Sheller
- School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287
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12
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Morgan G, Casalino S, Chowdhary S, Frangione E, Fung CYJ, Haller S, Lapadula E, Scott M, Wolday D, Young J, Arnoldo S, Aujla N, Bearss E, Binnie A, Bombard Y, Borgundvaag B, Briollais L, Dagher M, Devine L, Faghfoury H, Friedman SM, Gingras AC, Goneau LW, Khan Z, Mazzulli T, McLeod SL, Nomigolzar R, Noor A, Pugh TJ, Richardson D, Satnam Singh HK, Simpson J, Stern S, Strug L, Taher A, Lerner-Ellis J, Taher J. Characterizing Risk Factors for Hospitalization and Clinical Characteristics in a Cohort of COVID-19 Patients Enrolled in the GENCOV Study. Viruses 2023; 15:1764. [PMID: 37632107 PMCID: PMC10457914 DOI: 10.3390/v15081764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Revised: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 08/11/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The GENCOV study aims to identify patient factors which affect COVID-19 severity and outcomes. Here, we aimed to evaluate patient characteristics, acute symptoms and their persistence, and associations with hospitalization. Participants were recruited at hospital sites across the Greater Toronto Area in Ontario, Canada. Patient-reported demographics, medical history, and COVID-19 symptoms and complications were collected through an intake survey. Regression analyses were performed to identify associations with outcomes including hospitalization and COVID-19 symptoms. In total, 966 responses were obtained from 1106 eligible participants (87% response rate) between November 2020 and May 2022. Increasing continuous age (aOR: 1.05 [95%CI: 1.01-1.08]) and BMI (aOR: 1.17 [95%CI: 1.10-1.24]), non-White/European ethnicity (aOR: 2.72 [95%CI: 1.22-6.05]), hypertension (aOR: 2.78 [95%CI: 1.22-6.34]), and infection by viral variants (aOR: 5.43 [95%CI: 1.45-20.34]) were identified as risk factors for hospitalization. Several symptoms including shortness of breath and fever were found to be more common among inpatients and tended to persist for longer durations following acute illness. Sex, age, ethnicity, BMI, vaccination status, viral strain, and underlying health conditions were associated with developing and having persistent symptoms. By improving our understanding of risk factors for severe COVID-19, our findings may guide COVID-19 patient management strategies by enabling more efficient clinical decision making.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gregory Morgan
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Toronto, ON M5G 1X5, Canada
- Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, ON M5G 1X5, Canada
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Selina Casalino
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Toronto, ON M5G 1X5, Canada
- Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, ON M5G 1X5, Canada
| | - Sunakshi Chowdhary
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Toronto, ON M5G 1X5, Canada
- Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, ON M5G 1X5, Canada
| | - Erika Frangione
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Toronto, ON M5G 1X5, Canada
- Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, ON M5G 1X5, Canada
| | - Chun Yiu Jordan Fung
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Toronto, ON M5G 1X5, Canada
- Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, ON M5G 1X5, Canada
| | - Simona Haller
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Toronto, ON M5G 1X5, Canada
- Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, ON M5G 1X5, Canada
| | - Elisa Lapadula
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Toronto, ON M5G 1X5, Canada
- Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, ON M5G 1X5, Canada
| | - Mackenzie Scott
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Toronto, ON M5G 1X5, Canada
- Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, ON M5G 1X5, Canada
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Dawit Wolday
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Toronto, ON M5G 1X5, Canada
- Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, ON M5G 1X5, Canada
| | - Juliet Young
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Toronto, ON M5G 1X5, Canada
- Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, ON M5G 1X5, Canada
| | - Saranya Arnoldo
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada
- William Osler Health System, Brampton, ON L6R 3J7, Canada
| | - Navneet Aujla
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Toronto, ON M5G 1X5, Canada
- Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, ON M5G 1X5, Canada
| | - Erin Bearss
- Mount Sinai Academic Family Health Team, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, ON M5T 3L9, Canada
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 1V7, Canada
| | - Alexandra Binnie
- Department of Critical Care, William Osler Health System, Etobicoke, ON M9V 1R8, Canada
| | - Yvonne Bombard
- Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael’s Hospital, Toronto, ON M5B 1A6, Canada
- Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5T 3M6, Canada
| | - Bjug Borgundvaag
- Schwartz/Reisman Emergency Medicine Institute, Sinai Health System, Toronto, ON M5G 2A2, Canada
| | | | - Marc Dagher
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 1V7, Canada
- Women’s College Hospital, Toronto, ON M5S 1B2, Canada
| | - Luke Devine
- Division of General Internal Medicine, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, ON M5G 1X5, Canada
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Hanna Faghfoury
- Fred A Litwin Family Centre in Genetic Medicine, University Health Network & Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, ON M5T 3H7, Canada
| | - Steven M. Friedman
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 1V7, Canada
- Emergency Medicine, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 2C4, Canada
| | - Anne-Claude Gingras
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Toronto, ON M5G 1X5, Canada
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Lee W. Goneau
- Dynacare Medical Laboratories, Brampton, ON L6T 5V1, Canada
| | - Zeeshan Khan
- Mackenzie Health, Richmond Hill, ON L4C 4Z3, Canada
| | - Tony Mazzulli
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada
- Department of Microbiology, Mount Sinai Hospital, Sinai Health, Toronto, ON M5G 1X5, Canada
| | - Shelley L. McLeod
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 1V7, Canada
- Schwartz/Reisman Emergency Medicine Institute, Sinai Health System, Toronto, ON M5G 2A2, Canada
| | | | - Abdul Noor
- Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, ON M5G 1X5, Canada
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Trevor J. Pugh
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 2C4, Canada
- Ontario Institute for Cancer Research, Toronto, ON M5G 0A3, Canada
| | | | - Harpreet Kaur Satnam Singh
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Toronto, ON M5G 1X5, Canada
- Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, ON M5G 1X5, Canada
| | - Jared Simpson
- Ontario Institute for Cancer Research, Toronto, ON M5G 0A3, Canada
- Department of Computer Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 2E4, Canada
| | - Seth Stern
- Mackenzie Health, Richmond Hill, ON L4C 4Z3, Canada
| | - Lisa Strug
- The Centre for Applied Genomics, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G 0A4, Canada
- Department of Statistical Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 1Z5, Canada
| | - Ahmed Taher
- Mackenzie Health, Richmond Hill, ON L4C 4Z3, Canada
- Division of Emergency Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 3H2, Canada
| | - Jordan Lerner-Ellis
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Toronto, ON M5G 1X5, Canada
- Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, ON M5G 1X5, Canada
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Jennifer Taher
- Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, ON M5G 1X5, Canada
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada
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13
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Zhou Z, Dzieciol H, Clark K, Luo Y, Richardson D, Poletti F, Bayvel P, Slavik R, Liu Z. Low-latency wavelength-switched clock-synchronized intra-data center interconnects enabled by hollow core fiber. Opt Express 2023; 31:24739-24748. [PMID: 37475293 DOI: 10.1364/oe.487320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 06/15/2023] [Indexed: 07/22/2023]
Abstract
Fast (nanoseconds) optical wavelength switching is emerging as a viable solution to scaling the size and capacity of intra-data center interconnection. A key enabling technology for such systems is low-jitter optical clock synchronization, which enables sub-nanosecond clock and data recovery for optically switched frames using low-cost methods such as clock phase caching. We propose and demonstrate real-time low-latency wavelength-switched clock-synchronized intra-data center interconnection at 51.2 GBd using a fast tunable laser (with ns scale switching time) and ultra-stable-latency hollow core fiber (HCF) for optically-switched data center networks. For wavelength-switched systems, we achieve a physical layer latency below 46 ns, consisting of 28 ns transceiver latency and a 18 ns inter-packet gap. Finally, we show that by exploiting the low chromatic dispersion and thermally-stable latency features of HCF, active clock phase tracking can be entirely eliminated.
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14
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Morgan G, Briollais L, Clausen M, Casalino S, Mighton C, Chowdhary S, Frangione E, Yiu Jordan Fung C, Arnoldo S, Bearss E, Binnie A, Borgundvaag B, Dagher M, Devine L, Friedman SM, Khan Z, McGeer A, McLeod SL, Richardson D, Stern S, Taher A, Wong I, Zarei N, Bombard Y, Lerner-Ellis J, Taher J. Public knowledge of SARS-CoV-2 serological and viral lineage laboratory testing and result interpretation: A GENCOV study cross-sectional survey. Clin Biochem 2023:110607. [PMID: 37406717 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2023.110607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Revised: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/01/2023] [Indexed: 07/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Concepts related to SARS-CoV-2 laboratory testing and result interpretation can be challenging to understand. A cross-sectional survey of COVID-19 positive adults residing in Ontario, Canada was conducted to explore how well people understand SARS-CoV-2 laboratory tests and their associated results. DESIGN AND METHODS Participants were recruited through fliers or by prospective recruitment of outpatients and hospitalized inpatients with COVID-19. Enrolled participants included consenting adults with a positive SARS-CoV-2 polymerase chain reaction test result. An 11-item questionnaire was developed by researchers, nurses, and physicians in the study team and was administered online between April 2021 to May 2022 upon enrolment into the study. RESULTS Responses were obtained from 940 of 1106 eligible participants (85% participation rate). Most respondents understood 1) that antibody results should not influence adherence to social distancing measures (n=602/888, 68%), 2) asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection following test positivity (n=698/888, 79%), 3) serological test sensitivity in relation to post-infection timeline (n=540/891, 61%), and 4) limitations of experts' knowledge related to SARS-CoV-2 serology (n=693/887, 78%). Conversely, respondents demonstrated challenges understanding 1) conflicting molecular and serological test results and their relationship with immune protection (n=162/893, 18%) and 2) the impact of SARS-CoV-2 variants on vaccine effectiveness (n=235/891, 26%). Analysis of responses stratified by sociodemographic variables identified that respondents who were either: 1) female, 2) more educated, 3) aged 18-44, 4) from a high-income household, or 5) healthcare workers responded expectedly more often. CONCLUSIONS We have highlighted concepts related to SARS-CoV-2 laboratory tests and associated results which may be challenging to understand. The findings of this study enable us to identify 1) misconceptions related to various SARS-CoV-2 test results, 2) groups of individuals at risk, and 3) strategies to improve people's understanding of their test results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gregory Morgan
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada; Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | | | - Marc Clausen
- Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Selina Casalino
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada; Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Chloe Mighton
- Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada; Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Sunakshi Chowdhary
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada; Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Erika Frangione
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada; Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Chun Yiu Jordan Fung
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada; Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Saranya Arnoldo
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; William Osler Health System, Brampton, ON, Canada
| | - Erin Bearss
- Mount Sinai Academic Family Health Team, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of Family and Community Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | | | - Bjug Borgundvaag
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of Emergency Medicine, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Marc Dagher
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Women's College Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Luke Devine
- Division of General Internal Medicine, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada; Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Steven M Friedman
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Emergency Medicine, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | | | - Allison McGeer
- Department of Microbiology, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada; Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Shelley L McLeod
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Schwartz/Reisman Emergency Medicine Institute, Sinai Health System, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | | | - Seth Stern
- Mackenzie Health, Richmond Hill, ON, Canada
| | - Ahmed Taher
- Mackenzie Health, Richmond Hill, ON, Canada; Division of Emergency Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Iris Wong
- Mackenzie Health, Richmond Hill, ON, Canada
| | | | - Yvonne Bombard
- Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada; Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Jordan Lerner-Ellis
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada; Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Jennifer Taher
- Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
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15
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ElSherif M, Andrew MK, Ye L, Ambrose A, Boivin G, Bowie W, David MP, Gruselle O, Halperin SA, Hatchette TF, Johnstone J, Katz K, Langley JM, Loeb M, MacKinnon-Cameron D, McCarthy A, McElhaney JE, McGeer A, Poirier A, Pirçon JY, Powis J, Richardson D, Semret M, Smith S, Smyth D, Trottier S, Valiquette L, Webster D, McNeil SA, LeBlanc JJ. Leveraging Influenza Virus Surveillance From 2012 to 2015 to Characterize the Burden of Respiratory Syncytial Virus Disease in Canadian Adults ≥50 Years of Age Hospitalized With Acute Respiratory Illness. Open Forum Infect Dis 2023; 10:ofad315. [PMID: 37441353 PMCID: PMC10334379 DOI: 10.1093/ofid/ofad315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) disease in older adults is undercharacterized. To help inform future immunization policies, this study aimed to describe the disease burden in Canadian adults aged ≥50 years hospitalized with RSV. Methods Using administrative data and nasopharyngeal swabs collected from active surveillance among adults aged ≥50 years hospitalized with an acute respiratory illness (ARI) during the 2012-2013, 2013-2014, and 2014-2015 influenza seasons, RSV was identified using a respiratory virus multiplex polymerase chain reaction test to describe the associated disease burden, incidence, and healthcare costs. Results Of 7797 patients tested, 371 (4.8%) were RSV positive (2.2% RSV-A and 2.6% RSV-B). RSV prevalence varied by season from 4.2% to 6.2%. Respiratory virus coinfection was observed in 11.6% (43/371) of RSV cases, with influenza A being the most common. RSV hospitalization rates varied between seasons and increased with age, from 8-12 per 100 000 population in adults aged 50-59 years to 174-487 per 100 000 in adults aged ≥80 years. The median age of RSV cases was 74.9 years, 63.7% were female, and 98.1% of cases had ≥1 comorbidity. Among RSV cases, the mean length of hospital stay was 10.6 days, 13.7% were admitted to the intensive care unit, 6.4% required mechanical ventilation, and 6.1% died. The mean cost per RSV case was $13 602 (Canadian dollars) but varied by age and Canadian province. Conclusions This study adds to the growing literature on adult RSV burden by showing considerable morbidity, mortality, and healthcare costs in hospitalized adults aged ≥50 years with ARIs such as influenza.
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Affiliation(s)
- May ElSherif
- Canadian Center for Vaccinology, IWK Health Centre and Nova Scotia Health Authority, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | - Melissa K Andrew
- Canadian Center for Vaccinology, IWK Health Centre and Nova Scotia Health Authority, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | - Lingyun Ye
- Canadian Center for Vaccinology, IWK Health Centre and Nova Scotia Health Authority, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | - Ardith Ambrose
- Canadian Center for Vaccinology, IWK Health Centre and Nova Scotia Health Authority, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | - Guy Boivin
- Centre de Recherche du Centre hospitalier universitaire de Québec-Université Laval, Québec City, Québec, Canada
| | - William Bowie
- University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | | | | | - Scott A Halperin
- Canadian Center for Vaccinology, IWK Health Centre and Nova Scotia Health Authority, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | - Todd F Hatchette
- Canadian Center for Vaccinology, IWK Health Centre and Nova Scotia Health Authority, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | | | - Kevin Katz
- North York General Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Joanne M Langley
- Canadian Center for Vaccinology, IWK Health Centre and Nova Scotia Health Authority, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | - Mark Loeb
- McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Donna MacKinnon-Cameron
- Canadian Center for Vaccinology, IWK Health Centre and Nova Scotia Health Authority, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | | | | | | | - Andre Poirier
- Centre intégré universitaire de santé et services sociaux de la Mauricie et du Centre du Québec, Québec City, Québec, Canada
| | | | - Jeff Powis
- Michael Garron Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | | | | | | | - Daniel Smyth
- The Moncton Hospital, Moncton, New Brunswick, Canada
| | - Sylvie Trottier
- Centre de Recherche du Centre hospitalier universitaire de Québec-Université Laval, Québec City, Québec, Canada
| | | | - Duncan Webster
- Saint John Regional Hospital, Saint John, New Brunswick, Canada
| | - Shelly A McNeil
- Correspondence: Jason J. LeBlanc, PhD, FCCM, D(ABMM), Division of Microbiology, Nova Scotia Health, Queen Elizabeth II Health Sciences Centre, Room 404B, Mackenzie Bldg, 5788 University Ave, Halifax, NS B3H 1V8, Canada (); Shelly McNeil, MD, FRCPC, FIDSA, Canadian Center for Vaccinology, IWK Health Centre, 4th Floor Goldbloom Pavilion, 5850/5980 University Ave, Halifax, NS B3K 6R8, Canada ()
| | - Jason J LeBlanc
- Correspondence: Jason J. LeBlanc, PhD, FCCM, D(ABMM), Division of Microbiology, Nova Scotia Health, Queen Elizabeth II Health Sciences Centre, Room 404B, Mackenzie Bldg, 5788 University Ave, Halifax, NS B3H 1V8, Canada (); Shelly McNeil, MD, FRCPC, FIDSA, Canadian Center for Vaccinology, IWK Health Centre, 4th Floor Goldbloom Pavilion, 5850/5980 University Ave, Halifax, NS B3K 6R8, Canada ()
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16
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Crozier A, Watson PM, Graves LE, George KP, Richardson D, Naylor L, Green DJ, Rosenberg M, Jones H. Insights and recommendations into service model structure, staff roles and qualifications in a UK cancer specific clinical exercise service: a multi-method qualitative study. Disabil Rehabil 2023:1-13. [PMID: 37341512 DOI: 10.1080/09638288.2023.2225879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/22/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Clinical exercise delivery in the United Kingdom is disparate in terms of service structure, staff roles and qualifications, therefore it is difficult to evaluate and compare across services. Our aim was to explore, in a purposely selected cancer exercise service that was recognised as effective; (i) how staff knowledge, skills and competencies contribute to the provision of the service, (ii) how these components assist in creating effective services, and (iii) to identify existing challenges from staff and service user perspectives. METHODS The Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research was used as an overarching guide to review the Prehab4Cancer service. Exercise specialists and service user perspectives were explored using a multi-method approach (online semi-structured interviews, online focus group and in-person observation) and data triangulation. RESULTS Exercise specialists were educated to a minimum of undergraduate degree level with extensive cancer-specific knowledge and skills, equivalent to that of a Registration Council for Exercise Physiologist (RCCP) Clinical Exercise Physiologist. Workplace experience was essential for exercise specialist development in behaviour change and communications skills. CONCLUSIONS Staff should be educated to a level comparable with the standards for registered RCCP Clinical Exercise Physiologists, which includes workplace experience to develop knowledge, skills and competencies in real-world settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthony Crozier
- Research institute for Sport and Exercise Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, UK
| | - Paula M Watson
- Research institute for Sport and Exercise Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, UK
| | - Lee E Graves
- Research institute for Sport and Exercise Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, UK
| | - Keith P George
- Research institute for Sport and Exercise Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, UK
| | - David Richardson
- School of Human and Behavioural Sciences, Bangor University, North Wales, UK
| | - Louise Naylor
- School of Human Science (Exercise and Sport Science), The University of Western Australia, Crawley, Australia
| | - Daniel J Green
- School of Human Science (Exercise and Sport Science), The University of Western Australia, Crawley, Australia
| | - Michael Rosenberg
- School of Human Science (Exercise and Sport Science), The University of Western Australia, Crawley, Australia
| | - Helen Jones
- Research institute for Sport and Exercise Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, UK
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Buchan SA, Chung H, To T, Daneman N, Guttmann A, Kwong JC, Murti M, Aryal G, Campigotto A, Chakraborty P, Gubbay J, Karnauchow T, Katz K, McGeer AJ, McNally JD, Mubareka S, Richardson D, Richardson SE, Smieja M, Zahariadis G, Deeks SL. Estimating the incidence of first RSV hospitalization in children born in Ontario, Canada. J Pediatric Infect Dis Soc 2023:piad045. [PMID: 37335754 PMCID: PMC10389057 DOI: 10.1093/jpids/piad045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) contributes significantly to morbidity in children, placing substantial burdens on health systems, thus RSV vaccine development and program implementation are a public health priority. More data on burden are needed by policymakers to identify priority populations and formulate prevention strategies as vaccines are developed and licensed. MATERIALS/METHODS Using health administrative data, we calculated incidence rates of RSV hospitalization in a population-based birth cohort of all children born over a six-year period (May 2009 - June 2015) in Ontario, Canada. Children were followed until their first RSV hospitalization, death, 5 th birthday, or the end of the study period (June 2016). RSV hospitalizations were identified using a validated algorithm based on International Classification of Diseases, 10 th Revision, and/or laboratory-confirmed outcomes. We calculated hospitalization rates by various characteristics of interest, including calendar month, age groups, sex, comorbidities, and gestational age. RESULTS The overall RSV hospitalization rate for children <5 years was 4.2 per 1,000 person-years (PY) with a wide range across age groups (from 29.6 to 0.52 per 1000PY in children aged 1 month and 36-59 months, respectively). Rates were higher in children born at a younger gestational age (23.2 per 1000PY for those born at <28 weeks versus 3.9 per 1000PY born at ≥37 weeks); this increased risk persisted as age increased. While the majority of children in our study had no comorbidities, rates were higher in children with comorbidities. For all age groups, rates were highest between December and March. CONCLUSIONS Our results confirm the high burden of RSV hospitalization and highlight young infants are at additional risk, namely premature infants. These results can inform prevention efforts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah A Buchan
- Public Health Ontario, Toronto, ON, Canada
- ICES, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Centre for Vaccine Preventable Diseases, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | | | - Teresa To
- ICES, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Nick Daneman
- Public Health Ontario, Toronto, ON, Canada
- ICES, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Institute for Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Astrid Guttmann
- ICES, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Institute for Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Jeffrey C Kwong
- Public Health Ontario, Toronto, ON, Canada
- ICES, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Centre for Vaccine Preventable Diseases, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Family & Community Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Michelle Murti
- Public Health Ontario, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Garima Aryal
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Aaron Campigotto
- Public Health Ontario, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Pranesh Chakraborty
- Newborn Screening Ontario, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario, Ottawa, ON, Canada
- Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Jonathan Gubbay
- Public Health Ontario, Toronto, ON, Canada
- The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Timothy Karnauchow
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Kevin Katz
- North York General Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Allison J McGeer
- Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Institute for Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Sinai Health System, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - J Dayre McNally
- Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario, Ottawa, ON, Canada
- Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Samira Mubareka
- Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | | | - Susan E Richardson
- The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Marek Smieja
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - George Zahariadis
- Newfoundland & Labrador Public Health Laboratory, St. John's, NF&L, Canada
| | - Shelley L Deeks
- Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Centre for Vaccine Preventable Diseases, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Nova Scotia Department of Health and Wellness, Halifax, NS, Canada
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18
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Van Carlen M, Dawes W, Hennedige A, Sinha A, Bordbar P, Parks C, Vaiude P, Nayar R, Quirk D, Richardson D, Duncan C. An Esthetic Scoring System for Scaphocephaly Assessment and Outcomes: A Pilot Study. J Craniofac Surg 2023; 34:1242-1245. [PMID: 37101321 DOI: 10.1097/scs.0000000000009314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2022] [Accepted: 01/05/2023] [Indexed: 04/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Scaphocephaly is the commonest form of craniosynostosis with a varied presentation consisting of many morphological components and a range of possible surgical interventions. However, with regard to esthetic assessment, there is no universally applied assessment system. The aim was to develop a simple assessment tool encompassing multiple phenotypic components of scaphocephaly. This was done by piloting a red/amber/green (RAG) scoring system to judge esthetic outcomes following scaphocephaly surgery using photographs and experienced observers. Standard photographic views of 20 patients who had undergone either passive or anterior 2/3 vault remodelling were scored by 5 experienced assessors. Using a RAG scoring system before and after scaphocephaly correction according to 6 morphological characteristics: visual impression of cephalic index, calvarial height, bitemporal pinching, frontal bossing, posterior bullet, and displacement of the vertex. All 5 assessors were asked to score the preoperative and postoperative views independently. The RAG scores were each assigned a number (1-3) and added to give a composite score (range 6-18) and these were averaged between the 5 assessors. There was a highly statistically significant difference between both preoperative and postoperative composite scores ( P <0.0001). A subgroup analysis of the postoperative composite score between the 2 surgical techniques showed no significant difference ( P =0.759). The RAG scoring system can be used to assess esthetic change following scaphocephaly correction and it provides both a visual analogue and a numerical indicator of change. This assessment method needs further validation but is a potentially reproducible way to score and compare esthetic outcomes in scaphocephaly correction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Van Carlen
- Department of Craniofacial Surgery, Alder Hey Children's Hospital, Liverpool, UK
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19
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Sciaudone M, Cutshaw MK, McClean CM, Lacayo R, Kharabora O, Murray K, Strohminger S, Zivanovich MM, Gurnett R, Markmann AJ, Salgado EM, Bhowmik DR, Castro-Arroyo E, Boyce RM, Aiello AE, Richardson D, Juliano JJ, Bowman NM. Seroepidemiology and risk factors for SARS-CoV-2 infection among household members of food processing and farm workers in North Carolina. IJID Reg 2023; 7:164-169. [PMID: 37034427 PMCID: PMC10032047 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijregi.2023.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Revised: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/17/2023] [Indexed: 03/24/2023]
Abstract
Background Racial and ethnic minorities have borne a disproportionate burden from coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Certain essential occupations, including food processing and farm work, employ large numbers of Hispanic migrant workers and have been shown to carry an especially high risk of infection. Methods This observational cohort study measured the seroprevalence of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) and assessed the risk factors for seropositivity among food processing and farm workers, and members of their households, in North Carolina, USA. Participants completed questionnaires, blood samples were collected, and an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to assess SARS-CoV-2 seropositivity. Univariate and multi-variate analyses were undertaken to identify risk factors associated with seropositivity, using generalized estimating equations to account for household clustering. Findings Among the 218 participants, 94.5% were Hispanic, and SARS-CoV-2 seropositivity was 50.0%. Most seropositive individuals did not report a history of illness compatible with COVID-19. Attending church, having a prior history of COVID-19, having a seropositive household member, and speaking Spanish as one's primary language were associated with SARS-CoV-2 seropositivity, while preventive behaviours were not. Interpretation These findings underscore the substantial burden of COVID-19 among a population of mostly Hispanic essential workers and their households in rural North Carolina. This study contributes to a large body of evidence showing that Hispanic Americans have suffered a disproportionate burden of COVID-19. This study also highlights the epidemiologic importance of viral transmission within the household.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Sciaudone
- Department of Medicine, Section of Infectious Diseases, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
- Center for Intelligent Molecular Diagnostics, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
| | | | | | - Roberto Lacayo
- Infectious Disease Epidemiology and Ecology Laboratory, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Oksana Kharabora
- Infectious Disease Epidemiology and Ecology Laboratory, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Katherine Murray
- Infectious Disease Epidemiology and Ecology Laboratory, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Stephen Strohminger
- Infectious Disease Epidemiology and Ecology Laboratory, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Miriana Moreno Zivanovich
- Infectious Disease Epidemiology and Ecology Laboratory, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Rachel Gurnett
- Infectious Disease Epidemiology and Ecology Laboratory, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Alena J. Markmann
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Emperatriz Morales Salgado
- Infectious Disease Epidemiology and Ecology Laboratory, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - D. Ryan Bhowmik
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Edwin Castro-Arroyo
- Infectious Disease Epidemiology and Ecology Laboratory, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Ross M. Boyce
- Institute for Global Health and Infectious Diseases, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
- Carolina Population Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Allison E. Aiello
- Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA
- Robert N Butler Columbia Aging Center, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA
| | - David Richardson
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Program in Public Health, University of California – Irvine, Irvine, California, USA
| | - Jonathan J. Juliano
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
- Curriculum in Genetics and Molecular Biology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Natalie M. Bowman
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
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20
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Esemen Y, Mostofi A, Richardson D, Pereira EAC. Are we meeting the standards set for informed consent in spinal surgery? Ann R Coll Surg Engl 2023; 105:372-377. [PMID: 35904335 PMCID: PMC10066640 DOI: 10.1308/rcsann.2022.0049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Informed consent empowers patients to exercise their autonomy and actively participate in their medical care. Guidance published by the British Association of Spine Surgeons (BASS) lists three components of consent: provision of information booklets, patient-centred dialogue and completion of appropriate consent forms. The aim of the study was to review the quality of the spinal surgery consent process against the BASS guidance in a single tertiary neurosurgery centre in London. METHODS Retrospective review of clinic letters and consent forms was performed for 100 consecutive cases of elective, non-instrumented spinal decompression surgeries performed in 2019. Documentation was graded for inclusion of the intended benefit (improvement of pain/prevention of neurological deterioration), alternative management options (including no treatment), surgical options and risks (infection, bleeding, paralysis, sphincter disturbances, dural tear and recurrence). Provision of supplementary information booklets was recorded. Two-tailed Fisher exact test was used to calculate statistical significance where appropriate. RESULTS Documentation of indications and risks of elective spinal surgery, specifically risk of recurrence (62%) and sphincter disturbance (85%), was suboptimal on the consent forms. Documentation of these risks was also poor in clinic letters (<50%). Alternative treatment options were explained in less than half of the clinic letters, and there was no documentation of information booklet provision prior to elective surgeries. CONCLUSION Lack of informed consent plays a major role in medical malpractice claims in spinal surgery. Poor documentation puts the surgeon in a liable position. BASS guidance could be implemented to create a more standardised process of consent in spinal surgery.
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21
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McClure ES, Robinson WR, Vasudevan P, Cullen MR, Marshall SW, Noth E, Richardson D. Disparities in job characteristics by race and sex in a Southern aluminum smelting facility. Am J Ind Med 2023; 66:307-319. [PMID: 36748848 DOI: 10.1002/ajim.23464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2022] [Revised: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/23/2023] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Former workers at a Southern aluminum smelting facility raised concerns that the most hazardous jobs were assigned to Black workers, but the role of workplace segregation had not been quantified or examined in the company town. Prior studies discuss race and gender disparities in working conditions, but few have documented them in the aluminum industry. METHODS We obtained workers' company records for 1985-2007 and characterized four job metrics: prestige (sociologic rankings), worker-defined danger (worker assessments), annual wage (1985 dollars), and estimated total particulate matter (TPM) exposure (job exposure matrix). Characteristics of job at hire and trajectories were compared by race and sex using linear binomial models. RESULTS Non-White males had the highest percentage of workers in low prestige and high danger jobs at hire and up to 20 years after. After 20 years tenure, 100% of White workers were in higher prestige and lower danger jobs. Most female workers, regardless of race, entered and remained in low-wage jobs, while 50% of all male workers maintained their initial higher-wage jobs. Non-White females had the highest prevalence of workers in low-wage jobs at hire and after 20 years-increasing from 63% (95% CI: 59-67) to 100% (95% CI: 78-100). All female workers were less likely to be in high TPM exposure jobs. Non-White males were most likely to be hired into high TPM exposure jobs, and this exposure prevalence increased as time accrued, while staying constant for other race-sex groups. CONCLUSIONS There is evidence of job segregation by race and sex in this cohort of aluminum smelting workers. Documentation of disparities in occupational hazards is important for informing health interventions and research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth S McClure
- Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA.,Carolina Population Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Whitney R Robinson
- Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA.,Carolina Population Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Pavithra Vasudevan
- Department of African and African Diaspora Studies/Center for Women's and Gender Studies, University of Texas, Austin, Texas, USA
| | - Mark R Cullen
- Center for Population Health Sciences Stanford, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Stephen W Marshall
- Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Elizabeth Noth
- Environmental Health Sciences Division, Berkeley Public Health University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, California, USA
| | - David Richardson
- Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA.,Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, University of California at Irvine, Irvine, California, USA
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22
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Lam AW, Richardson D, Kang KK. Technique for Extraction and Revision of a Bent Intramedullary Nail for a Subtrochanteric Femur Fracture: A Case Report. JBJS Case Connect 2023; 13:01709767-202303000-00031. [PMID: 36763704 DOI: 10.2106/jbjs.cc.22.00453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
CASE A 17-year-old adolescent boy presented 2 months after initial intramedullary nail (IMN) fixation of a comminuted subtrochanteric fracture with refracture at the previous site and approximately 20° varus angulation of the nail. The bent femoral nail was successfully extracted using an open technique using Lohman bone-holding clamps and a broad plate. At the 1-year follow-up, fracture union was achieved. CONCLUSIONS Removal of a deformed IMN is rare. No standardized protocol exists in guiding orthopaedic surgeons. A thorough review of techniques is discussed on this unusual complication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aaron W Lam
- Maimonides Medical Center, Brooklyn, New York
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23
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Varghese P, Lam A, Richardson D, Kang KK. Soot-Embedded Extruded Talus Fracture After a 5-Story Fall: A Case Report. JBJS Case Connect 2023; 13:01709767-202303000-00019. [PMID: 36706197 DOI: 10.2106/jbjs.cc.22.00517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
CASE A 17-year-old boy presented with an open talus fracture complicated by soot contamination after a chimney-related accident. Standard irrigation and debridement (I&D) methods were used, but complete removal of soot was not possible. At the latest follow-up, there was no evidence of infection, hardware failure, or avascular necrosis. CONCLUSION There is a lack of well-established guidelines regarding I&D of traumatic wounds contaminated with fine particulates. A review of potential debridement methods is discussed. Orthoapedic surgeons should be aware of hydrosurgical debridement as a potential treatment approach in these unique scenarios.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priscilla Varghese
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Maimonides Medical Center, Brooklyn, New York.,College of Medicine, State University of New York (SUNY) Downstate, Brooklyn, New York
| | - Aaron Lam
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Maimonides Medical Center, Brooklyn, New York
| | - David Richardson
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Maimonides Medical Center, Brooklyn, New York
| | - Kevin K Kang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Maimonides Medical Center, Brooklyn, New York
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24
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Kim P, Coleman B, Kwong JC, Plevneshi A, Hassan K, Green K, McNeil SA, Armstrong I, Gold WL, Gubbay J, Katz K, Kuster SP, Lovinsky R, Matukas L, Ostrowska K, Richardson D, McGeer A. Burden of Severe Illness Associated With Laboratory-Confirmed Influenza in Adults Aged 50-64 Years, 2010-2011 to 2016-2017. Open Forum Infect Dis 2022; 10:ofac664. [PMID: 36632417 PMCID: PMC9830541 DOI: 10.1093/ofid/ofac664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Understanding the burden of influenza is necessary to optimize recommendations for influenza vaccination. We describe the epidemiology of severe influenza in 50- to 64-year-old residents of metropolitan Toronto and Peel region, Canada, over 7 influenza seasons. Methods Prospective population-based surveillance for hospitalization associated with laboratory-confirmed influenza was conducted from September 2010 to August 2017. Conditions increasing risk of influenza complications were as defined by Canada's National Advisory Committee on Immunization. Age-specific prevalence of medical conditions was estimated using Ontario health administrative data. Population rates were estimated using Statistics Canada data. Results Over 7 seasons, 1228 hospitalizations occurred in patients aged 50-64 years: 40% due to A(H3N2), 30% A(H1N1), and 22% influenza B. The average annual hospitalization rate was 15.6, 20.9, and 33.2 per 100 000 in patients aged 50-54, 55-59, and 60-64 years, respectively; average annual mortality was 0.9/100 000. Overall, 33% of patients had received current season influenza vaccine; 963 (86%) had ≥1 underlying condition increasing influenza complication risk. The most common underlying medical conditions were chronic lung disease (38%) and diabetes mellitus (31%); 25% of patients were immunocompromised. The average annual hospitalization rate was 6.1/100 000 in those without and 41/100 000 in those with any underlying condition, and highest in those with renal disease or immunocompromise (138 and 281 per 100 000, respectively). The case fatality rate in hospitalized patients was 4.4%; median length of stay was 4 days (interquartile range, 2-8 days). Conclusions The burden of severe influenza in 50- to 64-year-olds remains significant despite our universal publicly funded vaccination program. These data may assist in improving estimates of the cost-effectiveness of new strategies to reduce this burden.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philip Kim
- Department of Microbiology, Sinai Health System, Toronto, Canada
| | - Brenda Coleman
- Department of Microbiology, Sinai Health System, Toronto, Canada,Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Jeffrey C Kwong
- Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada,Department of Family and Community Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada,ICES, Toronto, Canada,Public Health Ontario, Toronto, Canada
| | - Agron Plevneshi
- Department of Microbiology, Sinai Health System, Toronto, Canada
| | - Kazi Hassan
- Department of Microbiology, Sinai Health System, Toronto, Canada
| | - Karen Green
- Department of Microbiology, Sinai Health System, Toronto, Canada
| | - Shelly A McNeil
- Department of Medicine, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Canada
| | | | - Wayne L Gold
- Department of Medicine, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Jonathan Gubbay
- Public Health Ontario, Toronto, Canada,Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Kevin Katz
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada,Department of Microbiology, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, Canada
| | - Stefan P Kuster
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Hospital Epidemiology, Cantonal Hospital St Gallen, St Gallen, Switzerland
| | | | - Larissa Matukas
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada,Division of Microbiology, Unity Health, Toronto, Canada
| | | | - David Richardson
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, William Osler Health System, Brampton, Canada
| | - Allison McGeer
- Correspondence: Allison McGeer, Mount Sinai Hospital, 600 University Ave, Room 171, Toronto, ON, Canada M5G 1X5 ()
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25
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Hsu RK, Phoenix J, Sinclair GI, Gupta SK, Puga A, Nguyen K, Schubert CK, Merrill D, Richardson D, Nelson K, Reynolds M, Zografos L, Jean-Louis A, Garris C. 1288. US Healthcare Provider Perspectives on the initiation of cabotegravir and rilpivirine long-acting (CAB+RPV LA) in an observational real-world study (BEYOND). Open Forum Infect Dis 2022. [DOI: 10.1093/ofid/ofac492.1119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
CAB+RPV LA is a complete regimen for treatment of virologically suppressed people with HIV (PWH). As an injectable therapeutic administered by a healthcare provider (HCP), CAB+RPV LA may alleviate challenges with adherence to daily oral therapy and reduce fear of HIV status disclosure with oral treatment. Real world perspectives from HCPs and PWH are needed to enable successful delivery of this treatment in US healthcare settings.
Methods
BEYOND is a 2 year prospective, observational, real-world study of utilization, outcomes, and experience of PWH initiating CAB+RPV LA across 30 US sites. HCPs at participating sites (treaters, injectors, drug acquisition/reimbursement staff) completed surveys at site activation (Sep 2021-Feb 2022; with follow-up surveys planned at 6, 12, 24 months) evaluating experiences to date with implementation of CAB+RPV LA at their sites.
Results
HCPs from 24 sites responded to the initial survey (Table 1). 75% of HCPs estimated that ≥25% of their PWH are eligible for CAB+RPV LA, and 71% of sites are proactively discussing the regimen with ≥25% of PWH. The majority (79%) of treaters reported they were extremely/very positive about administering CAB+RPV LA. Over 90% of injectors reported a positive overall opinion about administering CAB+RPV LA, and 86% reported the injections were easy to administer. Most (87%) HCPs reported injection visits taking ≤45 minutes, including waiting time. Over 95% of sites have patient reminder systems; 86% will manually identify missed injections and all reported manual follow up by site staff. All sites utilizing the injection education video on the external HCP website (n=15/15) found it helpful and 94% (n=16/17) utilizing reimbursement specialists found them to be helpful. In their experience to date, most clinics reported only needing to increase coordination with the pharmacy team and add injection training to implement CAB+RPV LA. The most frequently reported benefits of implementing CAB+RPV LA by HCPs included assurance of patient adherence and patient engagement in their HIV treatment (Table 2).
Conclusion
Early real-world data from US HCPs in this study indicates interest in and anticipated uptake of CAB+RPV LA at their sites, positive overall opinion, and multiple benefits of administering the CAB+RPV LA regimen to PWH.
Disclosures
Ricky K. Hsu, MD, Gilead: Honoraria|Merck: Honoraria|ViiV: Advisor/Consultant|ViiV: Grant/Research Support|ViiV: Honoraria John Phoenix, MSN, APRN, FNP-C, Gilead Sciences: Advisor/Consultant|Gilead Sciences: Honoraria|Gilead Sciences: speaker bureau, research funding|Janssen Pharmaceutical: Advisor/Consultant|Janssen Pharmaceutical: Honoraria|Lupin Pharmaceuticals: Advisor/Consultant|Lupin Pharmaceuticals: Honoraria|Napo pharmaceutical: Honoraria|Napo pharmaceutical: speaker bureau|Scinexis: Advisor/Consultant|Scinexis: Honoraria|ViiV Healthcare: Advisor/Consultant|ViiV Healthcare: Honoraria|ViiV Healthcare: speaker bureau, clinical research funding Gary I. Sinclair, MD, ABBVIE: Grant/Research Support|Gilead: Grant/Research Support|Janssen: Advisor/Consultant|Janssen: Grant/Research Support|Janssen: Honoraria|Merck: Grant/Research Support|Thera: Grant/Research Support|Thera: Honoraria|ViiV/GSK: Advisor/Consultant|ViiV/GSK: Grant/Research Support|ViiV/GSK: Honoraria Samir K. Gupta, MD, Gilead Sciences: Advisor/Consultant|GSK/ViiV: Advisor/Consultant|GSK/ViiV: Grant/Research Support Ana Puga, MD, FAAP, AAHIVS, Care Resource: Healthcare provider (HCP)|ViiV Healthcare: Stocks/Bonds Kaitlin Nguyen, PharmD, AAHIVE, ViiV Healthcare: Stocks/Bonds Catherine K. Schubert, PharmD, ViiV Healthcare: Stocks/Bonds Deanna Merrill, PharmD, MBA, AAHIVP, ViiV Healthcare: Salaried employee|ViiV Healthcare: Stocks/Bonds David Richardson, BA, ViiV Healthcare: ViiV provided funding to RTI for the development of the study materials, the conduct of the study, and analysis & interpretation of study results. Kate Nelson, M.Ed, ViIV: ViiV provided funding to RTI for the development of the study materials, the conduct of the study, and analysis & interpretation of study results. Maria Reynolds, MStat, ViiV Healthcare: Viiv provided funding to RTI for the development of the study materials, the conduct of the study, and analysis & interpretation of study results. Laurie Zografos, BS, Viiv: ViiV provided funding to RTI for the development of the study materials, the conduct of the study, and analysis & interpretation of study results. Ashley Jean-Louis, MPH, ViiV Healthcare: (ViiV provided funding to RTI for the development of the study materials, the conduct of the study, and analysis & interpretation of study results.) Cindy Garris, MS, ViiV Healthcare: Employee|ViiV Healthcare: Stocks/Bonds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ricky K Hsu
- AIDS Healthcare Foundation\ NYU School of Medicine , New York, New York
| | | | | | - Samir K Gupta
- Indiana University School of Medicine , Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Ana Puga
- ViiV Healthcare , RTP, North Carolina
| | | | | | | | | | - Kate Nelson
- RTI Health Solutions , Durham, North Carolina
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Mozafarihashjin M, Jamal AJ, Kandel C, Kohler P, Mataseje L, Mulvey M, Allen V, Barker KR, Baqi M, Borgia S, Coleman B, Faheem A, Farooqi L, Johnstone J, Katz K, Melano R, Muller M, Mubareka S, Patel S, Poutanen S, Richardson D, Li A, Zhong Z, McGeer A. 89. On-going impact of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic on the evolution of carbapenemase-producing Enterobacterales in Ontario, Canada. Open Forum Infect Dis 2022. [PMCID: PMC9752332 DOI: 10.1093/ofid/ofac492.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The spread of carbapenemase-producing Enterobacterales (CPE) is global threat. Numerous outbreaks of CPE have been reported during the COVID-19 pandemic. We describe the impact of of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic on the emergence of CPE in south-central Ontario, Canada. Incidence of clinical isolates of CPE and isolates with different CPE genes in Toronto/Peel region, 2017–2021. The upper panel shows the incidence of patients with clinical isolates of CPE by year and quarter from q4 2007 to q1 2022. The lower panel shows the incidence of patients with clinical isolates with different carbapenemase genes by fiscal year during the same period. Methods TIBDN has performed population-based surveillance for CPE in Toronto/Peel region (pop 4.5M) from first identified isolate in 2007. All laboratories test/refer all carbapenem non-susceptible Enterobacterial isolates for identification of CPE. Hospital charts are reviewed and patients/physicians interviewed. Population data are obtained from Statistics Canada. Results From 10/2007 to 3/31/2022, 1367 persons colonized or infected with CPE were identified. Their median age was 68.7yrs (IQR 54–78yrs); 761 (56%) were male. 772 (56%) were colonized when first identified; 115 (8.4%) were bacteremic at identification or subsequently developed bacteremia. The most common organisms were E. coli (651, 48%), K. pneumoniae (436, 32%), Enterobacter spp. (146, 11%), Citrobacter spp (62, 5%); the most common genes were NDM±OXA-48 (722, 53%), OXA-48-like (341, 25%), KPC (225, 16%), VIM (44, 3%). The incidence of CPE infections increased steadily until 3/2020 then declined by 61% and remained stable until 3/2022 (Figure, upper panel). The decline was greater for E. coli (56% decrease), K. pneumoniae (62%) than for Enterobacter spp. (30%) and other species (19%). It occurred in all genes in 2020; however, KPC containing organisms increased again in 2021 (Figure, lower panel). Conclusion The advent of the COVID-19 pandemic was associated with an immediate, substantial decline in the incidence of patients with CPE in our population area. This decline occurred in both isolates with genes usually occurring in cases imported from other countries, and in those usually occurring in cases associated with transmission within Canadian hospitals. Decreased travel and enhanced infection prevention and control in hospitals may both have contributed to reductions in CPE during the pandemic. Disclosures All Authors: No reported disclosures.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Alainna J Jamal
- Sinai Health System, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Christopher Kandel
- Toronto East Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | | | - Laura Mataseje
- National Microbiology Laboratory, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Michael Mulvey
- National Microbiology Laboratory, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Vanessa Allen
- Sinai Health System, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | | | - Mahin Baqi
- William Osler Health System, Toront, Ontario, Canada
| | - Sergio Borgia
- William Osler Health System, Toront, Ontario, Canada
| | - Brenda Coleman
- Sinai Health System, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Amna Faheem
- North York General Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Lubna Farooqi
- Sinai Health System, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | | | - Kevin Katz
- North York General Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | | | - Matthew Muller
- Unity Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Samira Mubareka
- Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Samir Patel
- Public Health Ontario, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Susan Poutanen
- Sinai Health System, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | | | - Angel Li
- Sinai Health System, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Zoe Zhong
- Sinai Health System, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
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Frederick RM, Sarfani S, Chiu CY, Hayes T, Bettin C, Grear B, Richardson D, Murphy GA. Comparing Rates of Fusion and Time to Fusion in Viable Cellular Allograft and Autograft. Foot Ankle Int 2022; 43:1548-1553. [PMID: 36036537 DOI: 10.1177/10711007221119164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Autograft or allograft frequently are used to enhance bone union in foot and ankle surgery. Viable cellular bone allograft uses viable cells and bone scaffolding in a gel base, but uncertainty remains around allograft's greater efficacy than autograft regarding rates of fusion (ROF) and time to fusion (TTF). METHODS Autograft, viable cellular allograft, and viable cellular allograft with autograft were compared in 199 forefoot, midfoot, and hindfoot arthrodeses performed over a 6-year period. Data collected from electronic medical records and radiographs were analyzed to determine ROF and TTF as well as rates of revision surgery for delayed or nonunion and compared among groups. RESULTS Eighty-seven patients comprised the autograft group, 81 the allograft group, and 31 the combined group. No significant differences were noted in patient demographics among the groups. No statistically significant differences in ROF were noted among the 3 groups, with 86% (75 of 87) fusion in the autograft group, 93% (75 of 81) in the allograft group, and 84% (26 of 31) in the combined group (P = .20). After conducting a multivariate analysis, we found no statistically significant difference for allograft or combined graft on TTF (P = .1379 and .2311, respectively). No significant difference was found in rate of revision surgery for nonunion, which was 1.2% (1 of 81) in the allograft group, 3.4% (3 of 87) in the autograft group, and 6.5% (2 of 31) in the combined group (P = .3). CONCLUSION No significant difference was found in ROF, TTF, or rate of revision surgery when comparing viable cellular allograft to autograft or combined allograft-autograft. Viable cellular allograft may be a reasonable alternative to the gold standard of autograft and should be considered an option in patients undergoing arthrodesis in foot and ankle surgery. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE Level III, therapeutic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert M Frederick
- University of Tennessee Health Science Center, College of Medicine, Memphis, TN, USA
| | | | - Chi-Yang Chiu
- University of Tennessee Health Science Center, College of Medicine, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Tristan Hayes
- University of Tennessee Health Science Center, College of Medicine, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Clayton Bettin
- University of Tennessee-Campbell Clinic Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Benjamin Grear
- University of Tennessee-Campbell Clinic Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - David Richardson
- University of Tennessee-Campbell Clinic Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - G Andrew Murphy
- University of Tennessee-Campbell Clinic Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Memphis, TN, USA
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Hennedige A, Hennedige A, Richardson D, Duncan C, Parks C, Sinha A, Ellenbogen J, roberts B. 8. Surgical Correction in 231 Trigonocephaly Patients – The Alder Hey Experience. Br J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bjoms.2022.11.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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Messing S, Tcymbal A, Abu-Omar K, Richardson D, Gelius P. Methods of policy monitoring in physical activity promotion: a systematic review across different levels of government. Eur J Public Health 2022. [PMCID: PMC9594761 DOI: 10.1093/eurpub/ckac129.269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Even though the importance of policy monitoring in public health has increased in the last decades, there is still a lack of understanding what different approaches of policy monitoring exist and which methodology they employ. In order to address this research gap, this review attempts to provide a comprehensive overview about the methods of policy monitoring in the field of physical activity promotion. Methods A systematic search was conducted in five scientific databases, using the terms “physical activity”, “policy” and “monitoring” and their variations. In total, 12.963 studies were identified and, after the elimination of duplicates, screened independently by two reviewers. During full text analysis, information on the methods applied for policy monitoring was extracted and studies were categorized based on their key characteristics (monitoring tool, policy level, and setting). Results The search yielded in a total of 112 studies that were structured into seven categories: Report Cards on Physical Activity for Children and Youth, HEPA Monitoring Framework, HEPA Policy Audit Tool, national policies, subnational policies, school setting, and childcare setting. Across all categories, policy monitoring focused mainly on national level policies in a single country. Differences were identified with regards to the level of government involvement which allowed to differentiate between research-driven approaches (little or no government involvement), government-driven approaches (led by governments), and co-production approaches (strong collaboration between researchers and governments). Conclusions Research-driven, government-driven and co-production approaches have different strengths and weaknesses with regards to the monitoring of policies. Awareness needs to be raised regarding the implications of these approaches, and more research is needed to analyse the impact of policy monitoring on policy-making in public health.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Messing
- Department of Sport Science and Sport, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürn , Erlangen, Germany
| | - A Tcymbal
- Department of Sport Science and Sport, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürn , Erlangen, Germany
| | - K Abu-Omar
- Department of Sport Science and Sport, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürn , Erlangen, Germany
| | - D Richardson
- Department of Sport Science and Sport, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürn , Erlangen, Germany
| | - P Gelius
- Department of Sport Science and Sport, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürn , Erlangen, Germany
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Lu M, Shaw P, Richardson D, Hamilton E, Bernardo P, Bradshaw C, Tolcher A, Mosher R. Archival vs fresh tumor samples for assessing the gene expression of NaPi2b and immune-related genes in the Phase 1b study of Upifitamab Rilsodotin (UpRi) in platinum-resistant ovarian cancer. Eur J Cancer 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/s0959-8049(22)01033-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Klein MD, Sciaudone M, Richardson D, Lacayo R, McClean CM, Kharabora O, Murray K, Zivanovich MM, Strohminger S, Gurnett R, Markmann AJ, Bhowmik DR, Salgado EM, Castro-Arroyo E, Aiello AE, Boyce RM, Juliano JJ, Bowman NM. SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence and risk factors among meat packing, produce processing, and farm workers. PLOS Glob Public Health 2022; 2:e0000619. [PMID: 36962464 PMCID: PMC10022315 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgph.0000619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2021] [Accepted: 05/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Meat packing, produce processing, and farm workers are known to have an elevated risk of COVID-19, but occupational risk factors in this population are unclear. We performed an observational cohort study of meat packing, produce processing, and farm workers in North Carolina in fall 2020. Blood, saliva, and nasal turbinate samples were collected to assess for SARS-CoV-2 seropositivity. Risk factors for SARS-CoV-2 seropositivity were investigated using chi-square tests, two-sample t-tests, and adjusted risk ratio analyses. Among 118 enrolled workers, the baseline SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence was 50.0%. Meat packing plant workers had the highest SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence (64.6%), followed by farm workers (45.0%) and produce processing workers (10.0%), despite similar sociodemographic characteristics. Compared to SARS-CoV-2 seronegative workers, seropositive workers were more likely to work in loud environments that necessitated yelling to communicate (RR: 1.83, 95% CI: 1.25-2.69), work in cold environments (RR: 1.58, 95% CI: 1.12-2.24), or continue working despite developing symptoms at work (RR: 1.63, 95% CI: 1.14-2.32). After adjusting for age and working despite symptoms, high occupational noise levels were associated with a 1.72 times higher risk of SARS-CoV-2 seropositivity (95% CI: 1.16-2.55). Half of food processing workers showed evidence of past SARS-CoV-2 infection, a prevalence five times higher than most of the United States population at the time of the study. Work environments with loud ambient noise may pose elevated risks for SARS-CoV-2 transmission. Our findings also highlight the disproportionate burden of COVID-19 among underserved and economically disadvantaged Latinx communities in the United States.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa D. Klein
- Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America
| | - Michael Sciaudone
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - David Richardson
- Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Roberto Lacayo
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Colleen M. McClean
- School of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Oksana Kharabora
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Katherine Murray
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Miriana Moreno Zivanovich
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Stephen Strohminger
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Rachel Gurnett
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Alena J. Markmann
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - D. Ryan Bhowmik
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Emperatriz Morales Salgado
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Edwin Castro-Arroyo
- University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Allison E. Aiello
- Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Ross M. Boyce
- Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Jonathan J. Juliano
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Natalie M. Bowman
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America
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Arias JE, Richardson D, Romero EE, Abdelrahim M, Patel PK, Hernandez FE, Chumbimuni-Torres KY. Open-Form Configurational Isomers of a Tricyanofuran-Type Metastable-State Photoacid. ACS Omega 2022; 7:17538-17543. [PMID: 35664574 PMCID: PMC9161401 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.1c06623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2021] [Accepted: 05/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
We determine the presence of four open-form configurational isomers for an unsubstituted metastable-state photoacid (mPAH) of the tricyanofuran (TCF) type in solution, at room temperature, via 2D NMR experiments. Electronic structure calculations are carried out to predict the relative stability of the isomers found experimentally and their isomerization barriers. According to the calculated rate constants for isomerization, the molecule can freely interconvert between the open-form isomers, thereby providing a thermal pathway between the isomers that might be better suited to access the cyclized closed-form configuration and those that are not. In establishing the open form isomeric makeup of the TCF mPAH under study, this work establishes the need to consider the four isomers in further studies on the thermal and excited-state isomerization processes and substituent effect thereon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan E. Arias
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida 32816, United States
| | - David Richardson
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida 32816, United States
- Office
of Research, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida 32816, United States
| | - Eduardo E. Romero
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida 32816, United States
| | - Mohamed Abdelrahim
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida 32816, United States
| | - Parth K. Patel
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida 32816, United States
| | - Florencio E. Hernandez
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida 32816, United States
- The
College of Optics and Photonics (CREOL), University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida 32816, United States
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Tchetgen Tchetgen EJ, Dukes O, Shi X, Miao W, Richardson D. RE: "SYNTHETIC CONTROL METHODS FOR THE EVALUATION OF SINGLE-UNIT INTERVENTIONS IN EPIDEMIOLOGY: A TUTORIAL". Am J Epidemiol 2022; 191:965-966. [PMID: 35136907 PMCID: PMC9430414 DOI: 10.1093/aje/kwac005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2021] [Revised: 12/22/2021] [Accepted: 01/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Casalino S, Mighton C, Clausen M, Frangione E, Chowdhary S, Chung M, Jordan Fung CY, Morgan G, MacDonald G, Lapadula E, Faghfoury H, Arnoldo S, Bearss E, Binnie A, Borgundvaag B, Chertkow H, Devine L, Friedmen SM, Gingras AC, Khan Z, Mazzulli T, McGeer A, McLeod S, Pugh T, Richardson D, Simpson J, Stern S, Strug L, Taher A, Wong I, Zarei N, Kaushik D, Goneau L, Dagher M, Noor A, Greenfeld E, Bombard Y, Taher J, Lerner-Ellis J. eP294: Return of genome sequencing results in ostensibly healthy COVID-19 positive individuals: GENCOV Study Canada. Genet Med 2022. [PMCID: PMC8935071 DOI: 10.1016/j.gim.2022.01.330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Frangione E, Chung M, Mighton C, Casalino S, Chowdhary S, Satnam Singh HK, Xu L, Di Iorio D, Jain A, Kidwai A, Wong Q, Aujla N, Li JM, Quraishi M, Morgan G, Clausen M, Jordan Fung CY, MacDonald G, Lapadula E, Arnoldo S, Bearss E, Binnie A, Borgundvaag B, Chertkow H, Devine L, Friedmen SM, Gingras AC, Khan Z, Mazzulli T, McGeer A, McLeod S, Pugh T, Richardson D, Simpson J, Stern S, Strug L, Taher A, Wong I, Zarei N, Kaushik D, Goneau L, Dagher M, Greenfeld E, Faghfoury H, Bombard Y, Noor A, Taher J, Lerner-Ellis J. eP325: Medically actionable DNA variation from the GENCOV COVID-19 Genome Sequencing Study. Genet Med 2022. [PMCID: PMC8935062 DOI: 10.1016/j.gim.2022.01.360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
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Xiao M, Chu H, Cole S, Chen Y, MacLehose R, Richardson D, Greenland S. Controversy and Debate : Questionable utility of the relative risk in clinical research: Paper 4 :Odds Ratios are far from "portable" - A call to use realistic models for effect variation in meta-analysis. J Clin Epidemiol 2022; 142:294-304. [PMID: 34390790 PMCID: PMC8831641 DOI: 10.1016/j.jclinepi.2021.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2021] [Accepted: 08/04/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Recently Doi et al. argued that risk ratios should be replaced with odds ratios in clinical research. We disagreed, and empirically documented the lack of portability of odds ratios, while Doi et al. defended their position. In this response we highlight important errors in their position. STUDY DESIGN AND SETTING We counter Doi et al.'s arguments by further examining the correlations of odds ratios, and risk ratios, with baseline risks in 20,198 meta-analyses from the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. RESULTS Doi et al.'s claim that odds ratios are portable is invalid because 1) their reasoning is circular: they assume a model under which the odds ratio is constant and show that under such a model the odds ratio is portable; 2) the method they advocate to convert odds ratios to risk ratios is biased; 3) their empirical example is readily-refuted by counter-examples of meta-analyses in which the risk ratio is portable but the odds ratio isn't; and 4) they fail to consider the causal determinants of meta-analytic inclusion criteria: Doi et al. mistakenly claim that variation in odds ratios with different baseline risks in meta-analyses is due to collider bias. Empirical comparison between the correlations of odds ratios, and risk ratios, with baseline risks show that the portability of odds ratios and risk ratios varies across settings. CONCLUSION The suggestion to replace risk ratios with odds ratios is based on circular reasoning and a confusion of mathematical and empirical results. It is especially misleading for meta-analyses and clinical guidance. Neither the odds ratio nor the risk ratio is universally portable. To address this lack of portability, we reinforce our suggestion to report variation in effect measures conditioning on modifying factors such as baseline risk; understanding such variation is essential to patient-centered practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengli Xiao
- Division of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Haitao Chu
- Division of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA,Correspondence:
| | - Stephen Cole
- Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Yong Chen
- Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Informatics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Richard MacLehose
- Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - David Richardson
- Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Informatics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Sander Greenland
- Department of Epidemiology and Department of Statistics, University of California, Los Angeles, 90095, USA
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Tang Q, Li SJ, Ye X, Yuan T, Zhao K, He Y, Shan C, Wojtas L, Richardson D, Lan Y, Shi X. Design and synthesis of stable four-coordinated benzotriazole-borane with tunable fluorescence emission. Chem Sci 2022; 13:5982-5987. [PMID: 35685813 PMCID: PMC9132079 DOI: 10.1039/d2sc01103d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2022] [Accepted: 04/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
A new class of stable four-coordinated benzotriazole-borane compounds was developed via gold-catalyzed alkyne hydroboration. The application of polymeric (BH2CN)n reagent gave the formation of cyano-amine-boranes (CAB) complexes with less basic N-heterocyclic amines and anilines. Various new CABs were investigated in catalytic hydroboration to synthesize N–B cycles. The 1,2,3-benzotriazoles were identified as the only feasible N-source, giving the four coordinated borane N–B cycles (BTAB) in excellent yields (up to 90%) with good functional group tolerability. This new class of polycyclic N–B compounds showed excellent stability toward acid, base, high temperature, and photo-irradiation. The facile synthesis, excellent stability, strong and tunable fluorescence emission make BTAB interesting new fluorescent probes for future chemical and biological applications. A new class of benzotriazole-boranes was developed via gold-catalyzed alkyne hydroboration. The facile synthesis, excellent stability, strong and tunable fluorescence emission make BTAB new fluorescent probes for chemical and biological applications.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Tang
- Department of Chemistry, University of South Florida, 4202 E. Fowler Avenue, Tampa, Florida 33620, USA
| | - Shi-Jun Li
- College of Chemistry, Institute of Green Catalysis, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, China
| | - Xiaohan Ye
- Department of Chemistry, University of South Florida, 4202 E. Fowler Avenue, Tampa, Florida 33620, USA
| | - Teng Yuan
- Department of Chemistry, University of South Florida, 4202 E. Fowler Avenue, Tampa, Florida 33620, USA
| | - Kai Zhao
- Department of Chemistry, University of South Florida, 4202 E. Fowler Avenue, Tampa, Florida 33620, USA
| | - Ying He
- Department of Chemistry, University of South Florida, 4202 E. Fowler Avenue, Tampa, Florida 33620, USA
| | - Chuan Shan
- Department of Chemistry, University of South Florida, 4202 E. Fowler Avenue, Tampa, Florida 33620, USA
| | - Lukasz Wojtas
- Department of Chemistry, University of South Florida, 4202 E. Fowler Avenue, Tampa, Florida 33620, USA
| | - David Richardson
- Department of Chemistry, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida 32816, USA
| | - Yu Lan
- College of Chemistry, Institute of Green Catalysis, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, China
| | - Xiaodong Shi
- Department of Chemistry, University of South Florida, 4202 E. Fowler Avenue, Tampa, Florida 33620, USA
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Pumarega J, Camargo J, Gasull M, Olshan AF, Soliman A, Chen Y, Richardson D, Alguacil J, Poole C, Trasande L, Porta M. Timing of Toenail Collection and Concentrations of Metals in Pancreatic Cancer. Evidence Against Disease Progression Bias. Expo Health 2022; 14:581-593. [PMID: 34722949 PMCID: PMC8533671 DOI: 10.1007/s12403-021-00436-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2021] [Revised: 09/27/2021] [Accepted: 09/30/2021] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Trace elements such as cadmium, arsenic, zinc or selenium increase or decrease risk of a wide range of human diseases. Their levels in toenails may provide a measure of mid-term intake of trace elements for studies in humans. However, in biologically and clinically aggressive diseases as pancreatic cancer, the progression of the disease could modify such concentrations and produce reverse causation bias. The aim was to analyze the influence of specific time intervals between several clinical events and the collection of toenails upon concentrations of trace elements in patients with pancreatic cancer. Subjects were 118 incident cases of pancreatic adenocarcinoma prospectively recruited in eastern Spain. Toenails were collected at cancer diagnosis, and soon thereafter interviews were conducted. Information on cancer signs and symptoms was obtained from medical records and patient interviews. Levels of 12 trace elements were determined in toenail samples by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. General linear models adjusting for potential confounders were applied to analyze relations between log concentrations of trace elements and the time intervals, including the interval from first symptom of cancer to toenail collection (iST). Toenail concentrations of the 12 trace elements were weakly or not influenced by the progression of the disease or the diagnostic procedures. Concentrations of aluminum were slightly higher in subjects with a longer iST (age, sex and stage adjusted geometric means: 11.44 vs. 7.75 µg/g for iST > 120 days vs. ≤ 40 days). There was a weak inverse relation of iST with concentrations of zinc and selenium (maximum differences of about 20 and 0.08 µg/g, respectively). Conclusions: concentrations of the trace elements were weakly or not influenced by the development of the disease before toenail collection. Only concentrations of aluminum increased slightly with increasing iST, whereas levels of zinc and selenium decreased weakly. Even in an aggressive disease as pancreatic cancer, toenail concentrations of trace elements may provide a valid measure of mid-term intake of trace elements, unaffected by clinical events and disease progression. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s12403-021-00436-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Pumarega
- Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute (IMIM), Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
- School of Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Judit Camargo
- Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute (IMIM), Barcelona, Spain
- School of Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Magda Gasull
- Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute (IMIM), Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
- School of Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
- Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Andrew F. Olshan
- Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, USA
| | - Amr Soliman
- Medical School of the City University of New York, New York, USA
| | - Yu Chen
- Departments of Environmental Medicine, and Population Health, New York University School of Medicine, New York, USA
| | - David Richardson
- Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, USA
| | - Juan Alguacil
- CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
- Universidad de Huelva, Huelva, Spain
| | - Charles Poole
- Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, USA
| | - Leonardo Trasande
- Departments of Environmental Medicine, and Population Health, New York University School of Medicine, New York, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, New York University School of Medicine, New York, USA
- New York University College of Global Public Health, New York, USA
| | - Miquel Porta
- Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute (IMIM), Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
- School of Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
- Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, New York University School of Medicine, New York, USA
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Jamal AJ, Faheem A, Farooqi L, Zhong XZ, Armstrong I, Boyd DA, Borgundvaag E, Coleman BL, Green K, Jayasinghe K, Johnstone J, Katz K, Kohler P, Li AX, Mataseje L, Melano R, Muller MP, Mulvey MR, Nayani S, Patel SN, Paterson A, Poutanen S, Rebbapragada A, Richardson D, Sarabia A, Shafinaz S, Simor AE, Willey BM, Wisely L, McGeer AJ. Household Transmission of Carbapenemase-producing Enterobacterales in Ontario, Canada. Clin Infect Dis 2021; 73:e4607-e4615. [PMID: 32869855 PMCID: PMC8662791 DOI: 10.1093/cid/ciaa1295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2020] [Accepted: 08/27/2020] [Indexed: 02/18/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Data on household transmission of carbapenemase-producing Enterobacterales (CPE) remain limited. We studied risk of CPE household co-colonization and transmission in Ontario, Canada. METHODS We enrolled CPE index cases (identified via population-based surveillance from January 2015 to October 2018) and their household contacts. At months 0, 3, 6, 9, and 12, participants provided rectal and groin swabs. Swabs were cultured for CPE until September 2017, when direct polymerase chain reaction (PCR; with culture of specimens if a carbapenemase gene was detected) replaced culture. CPE risk factor data were collected by interview and combined with isolate whole-genome sequencing to determine likelihood of household transmission. Risk factors for household contact colonization were explored using a multivariable logistic regression model with generalized estimating equations. RESULTS Ninety-five households with 177 household contacts participated. Sixteen (9%) household contacts in 16 (17%) households were CPE-colonized. Household transmission was confirmed in 3/177 (2%) cases, probable in 2/177 (1%), possible in 9/177 (5%), and unlikely in 2/177 (1%). Household contacts were more likely to be colonized if they were the index case's spouse (odds ratio [OR], 6.17; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.05-36.35), if their index case remained CPE-colonized at household enrollment (OR, 7.00; 95% CI, 1.92-25.49), or if they had at least 1 set of specimens processed after direct PCR was introduced (OR, 6.46; 95% CI, 1.52-27.40). CONCLUSIONS Nine percent of household contacts were CPE-colonized; 3% were a result of household transmission. Hospitals may consider admission screening for patients known to have CPE-colonized household contacts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alainna J Jamal
- Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Microbiology, Sinai Health System, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Amna Faheem
- Department of Microbiology, Sinai Health System, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Lubna Farooqi
- Department of Microbiology, Sinai Health System, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Xi Zoe Zhong
- Department of Microbiology, Sinai Health System, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Irene Armstrong
- Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Communicable Disease Control, Toronto Public Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - David A Boyd
- Antimicrobial Resistance and Nosocomial Infections, National Microbiology Laboratory, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Emily Borgundvaag
- Department of Microbiology, Sinai Health System, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Brenda L Coleman
- Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Microbiology, Sinai Health System, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Karen Green
- Department of Microbiology, Sinai Health System, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | | | - Jennie Johnstone
- Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Microbiology, Sinai Health System, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Kevin Katz
- Department of Infection Prevention and Control, North York General Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Philipp Kohler
- Department of Microbiology, Sinai Health System, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Angel X Li
- Department of Microbiology, Sinai Health System, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Laura Mataseje
- Antimicrobial Resistance and Nosocomial Infections, National Microbiology Laboratory, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Roberto Melano
- Bacteriology, Public Health Ontario Laboratory, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Matthew P Muller
- Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Infection Prevention and Control, St. Michael’s Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Michael R Mulvey
- Antimicrobial Resistance and Nosocomial Infections, National Microbiology Laboratory, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Sarah Nayani
- Department of Microbiology, Sinai Health System, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Samir N Patel
- Bacteriology, Public Health Ontario Laboratory, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Aimee Paterson
- Department of Microbiology, Sinai Health System, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Susan Poutanen
- Department of Microbiology, Sinai Health System, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Anu Rebbapragada
- Scientific Affairs and Market Access, Hologic Inc., Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - David Richardson
- Department of Infection Prevention and Control, William Osler Health System, Brampton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Alicia Sarabia
- Department of Infection Prevention and Control, Trillium Health Partners, Mississauga, Ontario, Canada
| | - Shumona Shafinaz
- Department of Microbiology, Sinai Health System, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Andrew E Simor
- Department of Infection Prevention and Control, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Barbara M Willey
- Department of Microbiology, Sinai Health System, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Laura Wisely
- Department of Microbiology, Sinai Health System, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Allison J McGeer
- Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Microbiology, Sinai Health System, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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McGeer A, Plevneshi A, Hassan K, Gold W, Matukas L, Mazzulli T, Richardson D, Lovinsky R, Martin I, Katz K, Baqi M, Walmsley S, Vermeiren C, Shigayeva A, Zhong Z. 1309. Incidence and Epidemiology of Invasive Pneumococcal Disease due to Serotype 3 in South-Central Ontario. Open Forum Infect Dis 2021. [PMCID: PMC8644871 DOI: 10.1093/ofid/ofab466.1501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
In our population, the most common serotype (ST) of S. pneumoniae causing invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) is now ST 3. We undertook an analysis of population based surveillance for IPD to examine the incidence and epidemiology of ST 3 disease over the last 25 years.
Methods
The Toronto Invasive Bacterial Diseases Network has performed population-based surveillance for IPD in Toronto/Peel region (pop’n 4.5M) since 1995. All sterile site isolates of S. pneumoniae are reported to a central study laboratory, isolates are serotyped, and clinical and vaccination data are collected via patient and physician interview and chart review. Population data are obtained from Statistics Canada.
Results
From 1995-2020, 11032 episodes of IPD occurred; 10015 had STs available, and 10484 clinical data. Overall, ST 3 comprised 9.2% of cases (N=931). Compared to other patients with IPD, those with ST 3 IPD were older (median age 65 vs. 58.5, P< .001), more likely to have underlying lung (22.7% v 16.0%, P< .0001) and cardiac (21.7 v 18.4, P=.02) disease and less likely to be immunocompromised (IC) (23.1% v 29.0% P< .0001). ST3 episodes were more likely to be pneumonia (81% v 65%), less likely to be bacteremia without focus (7.6% v 18.9%), and more likely to require ICU admission (42.3% v 25.1%) and to die (27.1% v 16.6%). In multivariable analysis, patients with ST 3 disease remained more likely to die (OR 1.65; 95%CI1.3-2.0). Over time, the proportion of patients with ST 3 IPD who were nursing home (NH) residents (18/171 in 1995-2000 vs. 4/215 in 2016-2020, P=.0002), and who were IC (46/169 in 1995-2000 vs 39/204 in 2016-2020, P=.007) decreased significantly; in IPD due to other STs, the proportion who were NH residents declined, but the proportion IC increased significantly. The case fatality rate (CFR) declined significantly in IPD due to ST3 but not other STs (Figure 1). Changes in incidence are shown in Figure 2.
Figure 2: Incidence of serotype 3 IPD over time, Toronto/Peel, 1995-2020
The incidence of ST3 IPD in children and adults under 65 did not change significantly from 1995/96 to 2019/20. In older adults, the annual incidence of disease declined from 4.98 per 100,000 per year in 1995-2000 to 3.53 per 100,000 per year in 2001-2010 (IRR 0.71, 95%CI 0.56-0.90), then to 2.23 per 100,000 per year in 2011-2020 (IRR compared to 2001-2010 0.63, 95%CI 0.50-0.79)
FIgure 2: Case fatality rate of IPD due to serotype 3 and other serotypes over time, 1995-2020, Toronto-Peel
The case fatality rate of IPD due to ST3 declined from 37.6% (56/149) in 1995-2000 to 50/235 (21.3%) in 2015-2020 (P<.0001). The CFR in other serotypes did not change.
Conclusion
The epidemiology of IPD due to ST3 has changed significantly over time and the CFR has declined. The incidence of ST3 disease in children and younger adults has not changed significantly, although the power to detect change is low in children. In older adults the incidence of ST3 disease declined significantly after PPV23 introduction in 1995/6 and again after PCV13 introduction for children.
Disclosures
All Authors: No reported disclosures
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Kazi Hassan
- Sinai Health System, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Wayne Gold
- University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | | | | | | | - Reena Lovinsky
- Scarborough Health Network, Scarborough, Ontario, Canada
| | - Irene Martin
- National Microbiology Laboratory, Public Health Agency of Canada, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | - Kevin Katz
- North York General Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Mahin Baqi
- William Osler Health System, Brampton, ON, Canada
| | | | | | | | - Zoe Zhong
- Sinai Health System, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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Marroney N, Richardson D, Cole E, Hammond J. Devising and implementing an education strategy for therapists working within the major trauma network. Physiotherapy 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.physio.2021.10.212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Abbas A, Abdukahil SA, Abdulkadir NN, Abe R, Abel L, Absil L, Acharya S, Acker A, Adachi S, Adam E, Adrião D, Ageel SA, Ahmed S, Ain Q, Ainscough K, Aisa T, Ait Hssain A, Ait Tamlihat Y, Akimoto T, Akmal E, Al Qasim E, Alalqam R, Alam T, Al-dabbous T, Alegesan S, Alegre C, Alessi M, Alex B, Alexandre K, Al-Fares A, Alfoudri H, Ali I, Ali Shah N, Alidjnou KE, Aliudin J, Alkhafajee Q, Allavena C, Allou N, Altaf A, Alves J, Alves JM, Alves R, Amaral M, Amira N, Ammerlaan H, Ampaw P, Andini R, Andrejak C, Angheben A, Angoulvant F, Ansart S, Anthonidass S, Antonelli M, Antunes de Brito CA, Anwar KR, Apriyana A, Arabi Y, Aragao I, Arali R, Arancibia F, Araujo C, Arcadipane A, Archambault P, Arenz L, Arlet JB, Arnold-Day C, Aroca A, Arora L, Arora R, Artaud-Macari E, Aryal D, Asaki M, Asensio A, Ashley E, Ashraf M, Ashraf S, Asim M, Assie JB, Asyraf A, Atique A, Attanyake AMUL, Auchabie J, Aumaitre H, Auvet A, Azemar L, Azoulay C, Bach B, Bachelet D, Badr C, Baig N, Baillie JK, Baird JK, Bak E, Bakakos A, Bakar NA, Bal A, Balakrishnan M, Balan V, Bani-Sadr F, Barbalho R, Barbosa NY, Barclay WS, Barnett SU, Barnikel M, Barrasa H, Barrelet A, Barrigoto C, Bartoli M, Bartone C, Baruch J, Bashir M, Basmaci R, Basri MFH, Bastos D, Battaglini D, Bauer J, Bautista Rincon DF, Bazan Dow D, Bedossa A, Bee KH, Behilill S, Beishuizen A, Beljantsev A, Bellemare D, Beltrame A, Beltrão BA, Beluze M, Benech N, Benjiman LE, Benkerrou D, Bennett S, Bento L, Berdal JE, Bergeaud D, Bergin H, Bernal Sobrino JL, Bertoli G, Bertolino L, Bessis S, Betz A, Bevilcaqua S, Bezulier K, Bhatt A, Bhavsar K, Bianchi I, Bianco C, Bidin FN, Bikram Singh M, Bin Humaid F, Bin Kamarudin MN, Bissuel F, Biston P, Bitker L, Blanco-Schweizer P, Blier C, Bloos F, Blot M, Blumberg L, Boccia F, Bodenes L, Bogaarts A, Bogaert D, Boivin AH, Bolze PA, Bompart F, Bonfasius A, Borges D, Borie R, Bosse HM, Botelho-Nevers E, Bouadma L, Bouchaud O, Bouchez S, Bouhmani D, Bouhour D, Bouiller K, Bouillet L, Bouisse C, Boureau AS, Bourke J, Bouscambert M, Bousquet A, Bouziotis J, Boxma B, Boyer-Besseyre M, Boylan M, Bozza FA, Brack M, Braconnier A, Braga C, Brandenburger T, Brás Monteiro F, Brazzi L, Breen D, Breen P, Breen P, Brett S, Brickell K, Broadley T, Browne A, Browne S, Brozzi N, Brusse-Keizer M, Buchtele N, Buesaquillo C, Bugaeva P, Buisson M, Burhan E, Burrell A, Bustos IG, Butnaru D, Cabie A, Cabral S, Caceres E, Cadoz C, Callahan M, Calligy K, Calvache JA, Cam J, Campana V, Campbell P, Campisi J, Canepa C, Cantero M, Caraux-Paz P, Cárcel S, Cardellino CS, Cardoso F, Cardoso F, Cardoso N, Cardoso S, Carelli S, Carlier N, Carmoi T, Carney G, Carpenter C, Carqueja I, Carret MC, Carrier FM, Carroll I, Carson G, Carton E, Casanova ML, Cascão M, Casey S, Casimiro J, Cassandra B, Castañeda S, Castanheira N, Castor-Alexandre G, Castrillón H, Castro I, Catarino A, Catherine FX, Cattaneo P, Cavalin R, Cavalli GG, Cavayas A, Ceccato A, Cervantes-Gonzalez M, Chair A, Chakveatze C, Chan A, Chand M, Chantalat Auger C, Chapplain JM, Chas J, Chaudary M, Chávez Iñiguez JS, Chen A, Chen YS, Cheng MP, Cheret A, Chiarabini T, Chica J, Chidambaram SK, Chin-Tho L, Chirouze C, Chiumello D, Cho HJ, Cho SM, Cholley B, Chopin MC, Chow TS, Chow YP, Chua HJ, Chua J, Cidade JP, Cisneros Herreros JM, Citarella BW, Ciullo A, Clarke E, Clarke J, Claure Del Granado R, Clohisey S, Cobb JP, Coca N, Codan C, Cody C, Coelho A, Coles M, Colin G, Collins M, Colombo SM, Combs P, Connolly J, Connor M, Conrad A, Contreras S, Conway E, Cooke GS, Copland M, Cordel H, Corley A, Cormican S, Cornelis S, Cornet AD, Corpuz AJ, Cortegiani A, Corvaisier G, Costigan E, Couffignal C, Couffin-Cadiergues S, Courtois R, Cousse S, Cregan R, Crepy D'Orleans C, Croonen S, Crowl G, Crump J, Cruz C, Cruz Berm JL, Cruz Rojo J, Csete M, Cucino A, Cullen A, Cullen C, Cummings M, Curley G, Curlier E, Curran C, Custodio P, da Silva Filipe A, Da Silveira C, Dabaliz AA, Dagens A, Dahly D, Dalton H, Dalton J, Daly S, D'Amico F, Daneman N, Daniel C, Dankwa EA, Dantas J, D’Aragon F, de Boer M, de Loughry G, de Mendoza D, De Montmollin E, de Oliveira França RF, de Pinho Oliveira AI, De Rosa R, de Silva T, de Vries P, Deacon J, Dean D, Debard A, DeBenedictis B, Debray MP, DeCastro N, Dechert W, Deconninck L, Decours R, Defous E, Delacroix I, Delaveuve E, Delavigne K, Delfos NM, Deligiannis I, Dell'Amore A, Delmas C, Delobel P, Delsing C, Demonchy E, Denis E, Deplanque D, Depuydt P, Desai M, Descamps D, Desvallée M, Dewayanti S, Diallo A, Diamantis S, Dias A, Diaz P, Diaz R, Diaz Diaz JJ, Didier K, Diehl JL, Dieperink W, Dimet J, Dinot V, Diop F, Diouf A, Dishon Y, Dixit D, Djossou F, Docherty AB, Doherty H, Dondorp AM, Dong A, Donnelly CA, Donnelly M, Donohue C, Donohue S, Donohue Y, Doran C, Doran P, Dorival C, D'Ortenzio E, Douglas JJ, Douma R, Dournon N, Downer T, Downey J, Downing M, Drake T, Driscoll A, Dryden M, Duarte Fonseca C, Dubee V, Dubos F, Ducancelle A, Duculan T, Dudman S, Duggal A, Dunand P, Dunning J, Duplaix M, Durante-Mangoni E, Durham III L, Dussol B, Duthoit J, Duval X, Dyrhol-Riise AM, Ean SC, Echeverria-Villalobos M, Egan S, Eira C, El Sanharawi M, Elapavaluru S, Elharrar B, Ellerbroek J, Eloy P, Elshazly T, Elyazar I, Enderle I, Endo T, Eng CC, Engelmann I, Enouf V, Epaulard O, Escher M, Esperatti M, Esperou H, Esposito-Farese M, Estevão J, Etienne M, Ettalhaoui N, Everding AG, Evers M, Fabre I, Fabre M, Faheem A, Fahy A, Fairfield CJ, Fakar Z, Faria P, Farooq A, Farrar JJ, Farshait N, Fateena H, Fatoni AZ, Faure K, Favory R, Fayed M, Feely N, Feeney L, Fernandes J, Fernandes M, Fernandes S, Ferrand FX, Ferrand Devouge E, Ferrão J, Ferraz M, Ferreira B, Ferreira S, Ferrer-Roca R, Ferriere N, Ficko C, Figueiredo-Mello C, Fiorda J, Flament T, Flateau C, Fletcher T, Florio LL, Flynn B, Flynn D, Foley C, Foley J, Fomin V, Fonseca T, Fontela P, Forsyth S, Foster D, Foti G, Fourn E, Fowler RA, Fraher DM, Franch-Llasat D, Fraser C, Fraser JF, Freire MV, Freitas Ribeiro A, Friedrich 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D, Treoux T, Trieu HT, Tripathy S, Tromeur C, Trontzas I, Trouillon T, Truong J, Tual C, Tubiana S, Tuite H, Turmel JM, Turtle LC, Tveita A, Twardowski P, Uchiyama M, Udayanga PGI, Udy A, Ullrich R, Umer Z, Uribe A, Usman A, Vajdovics C, Val-Flores L, Valle AL, Valran A, Van de Velde S, van den Berge M, van der Feltz M, van der Valk P, Van Der Vekens N, Van der Voort P, Van Der Werf S, van Dyk M, van Gulik L, Van Hattem J, van Lelyveld S, van Netten C, Van Twillert G, van Veen I, Vanel N, Vanoverschelde H, Varghese P, Varrone M, Vasudayan SR, Vauchy C, Vaughan H, Veeran S, Veislinger A, Vencken S, Ventura S, Verbon A, Vidal JE, Vieira C, Vijayan D, Villanueva JA, Villar J, Villeneuve PM, Villoldo A, Vinh Chau NV, Visseaux B, Visser H, Vitiello C, Vonkeman H, Vuotto F, Wahab NH, Wahab SA, Wahid NA, Wainstein M, Wan Muhd Shukeri WF, Wang CH, Webb SA, Wei J, Weil K, Wen TP, Wesselius S, West TE, Wham M, Whelan B, White N, Wicky PH, Wiedemann A, Wijaya SO, Wille K, Willems S, Williams V, Wils EJ, Wing Yiu N, Wong C, Wong TF, Wong XC, Wong YS, Xian GE, Xian LS, Xuan KP, Xynogalas I, Yacoub S, Yakop SRBM, Yamazaki M, Yazdanpanah Y, Yee Liang Hing N, Yelnik C, Yeoh CH, Yerkovich S, Yokoyama T, Yonis H, Yousif O, Yuliarto S, Zaaqoq A, Zabbe M, Zacharowski K, Zahid M, Zahran M, Zaidan NZB, Zambon M, Zambrano M, Zanella A, Zawadka K, Zaynah N, Zayyad H, Zoufaly A, Zucman D. The value of open-source clinical science in pandemic response: lessons from ISARIC. Lancet Infect Dis 2021; 21:1623-1624. [PMID: 34619109 PMCID: PMC8489876 DOI: 10.1016/s1473-3099(21)00565-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2021] [Accepted: 08/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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Watson E, Sanapala C, Klepin H, Mohile S, Wittink M, Norton S, Richardson D, Dale W, Magnuson A, Mendler J, Liesveld J, Huselton E, Leblanc T, El-Jawahri A, Wong M, Yang S, Loh K. Developing and adapting a patient-centered communication tool (UR-GOAL) for older patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and their oncologist. J Geriatr Oncol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/s1879-4068(21)00358-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Gutiérrez-García G, Martínez C, Boumendil A, Finel H, Malladi R, Afanasyev B, Tsoulkani A, Wilson KMO, Bloor A, Nikoloudis M, Richardson D, López-Corral L, Castagna L, Cornelissen J, Giltat A, Collin M, Fanin R, Bonifazi F, Robinson S, Montoto S, Peggs KS, Sureda A. Long-term outcome of patients receiving haematopoietic allogeneic stem cell transplantation as first transplant for high-risk Hodgkin lymphoma: a retrospective analysis from the Lymphoma Working Party-EBMT. Br J Haematol 2021; 196:1018-1030. [PMID: 34750806 DOI: 10.1111/bjh.17939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2021] [Revised: 10/19/2021] [Accepted: 10/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
We analysed long-term outcome of patients receiving haematopoietic allogeneic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) as a first transplant for high-risk Hodgkin lymphoma (HL). One hundred and ninety patients were included in this study, 63% of them had previously received brentuximab vedotin and/or checkpoint inhibitors. Seventy patients (37%) received an unrelated donor allo-HSCT, 99 (51%) had myeloablative conditioning (MAC) and 60% had in vivo T-cell/depleted grafts (TCD). The 100-day cumulative incidence (CI) of grade II-IV acute graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) was 25% and the 3-year CI of chronic GVHD was 38%. The 3-year CI of non-relapse mortality (NRM) and relapse rate were 21% and 38% respectively. After a median follow-up of 58 months, 3-year overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) were 58% and 41% respectively. Multivariate analysis showed that, in comparison to reduced-intensity conditioning regimens with or without TCD, MAC using TCD had similar NRM and a lower risk of relapse leading to significantly better OS and PFS. MAC without TCD was associated with higher NRM and worse survival outcomes. These results suggest that in patients with high-risk HL and candidates of allo-HSCT, a MAC strategy with TCD might be the best option.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Gutiérrez-García
- Department of Haematology, Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, University of Barcelona, Institut de Recerca Biomèdica August Pi i Sunyer, Barcelona, Spain
| | - C Martínez
- Department of Haematology, Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, University of Barcelona, Institut de Recerca Biomèdica August Pi i Sunyer, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - H Finel
- Lymphoma Working Party, EBMT, Paris, France
| | - R Malladi
- School of Cancer Sciences, University of Birmingham, Centre for Clinical Haematology, Queen Elizabeth NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK
| | - B Afanasyev
- State Medical Pavlov University, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | | | | | - A Bloor
- Haematology and Transplant Unit, Christie Hospital NHS Foundation Trust and University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - M Nikoloudis
- Haematology Department Heart of England NHS Trust, Birmingham, UK
| | - D Richardson
- Department of Haematology, Southampton General Hospital, Southampton, UK
| | | | - L Castagna
- Department of Haematology, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, Milan, Italy
| | - J Cornelissen
- Erasmus MC Cancer Institute University Medical Centre Rotterdam Department of Haematology, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - A Giltat
- Department of Haematology, Medical University Hospital, Angers, France
| | | | - R Fanin
- Department of Haematology and Cellular Therapy 'Carlo Melzi', S. Maria della Misericordia University Hospital, DAME, University of Udine, Udine, Italy
| | - F Bonifazi
- IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - S Robinson
- Department of Haematology and Oncology, Bristol University Hospital, Bristol, UK
| | - S Montoto
- St. Bartholomew's Hospital, Barts Health NHS Trust, London, UK
| | - K S Peggs
- Department of Haematology, University College London Cancer Institute, London, UK
| | - A Sureda
- Clinical Department of Haematology, Institut Català d'Oncologia-Hospitalet, IDIBELL, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
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Bhate R, Colman J, Fowler T, Hayley J, Kallam N, Mak TLA, Matthews F, Norton E, Richardson D. 1536 Neuroanatomy, Not Just for Budding Neurosurgeons. Motivations for Participating in An Extra-Curricular Neuroanatomy Course for Undergraduates. Br J Surg 2021. [DOI: 10.1093/bjs/znab259.909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Introduction
Extra-curricular activities form an important part of undergraduate education as they give students the opportunity to explore subjects of interest. There is significant demand within the undergraduate population for further teaching in neuro-related specialities. The aim of this online twelve-week course was to provide neuroanatomy teaching in greater breadth and detail than possible in the undergraduate curriculum. We sought to gauge motivations for involvement.
Method
Delegates (n = 166) from six UK universities were asked to complete a short questionnaire examining motivations and future career plans prior to the course beginning, only those who consented were involved further in the analysis (n = 98).
Results
Motivations for involvement were predominantly to develop a greater understanding of neuroanatomy (63.3%), to support career plans (13.3%) or to support preparation for an examination or competition (8.2%). The majority (56.1%) had no particular speciality in mind. For those who did, a range of specialities including neurosurgery (24.5%), neurology (8.2%) was given.
Conclusions
There is clear interest within the undergraduate population for more specialised extra-curricular activities in addition to conventional experiences such as conferences. Online courses run over multiple weeks provide further scope for depth and exploration of subjects in further detail. In this course, the majority of delegates did not have a particular speciality in mind, demonstrating neuroanatomy to be a popular subject regardless of potential career plans. For students looking to pursue a career in neuro-related specialities, courses are perceived as important opportunities to support future career development.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Bhate
- St. George's, University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - J Colman
- University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - T Fowler
- King George Hospital, Ilford, United Kingdom
| | - J Hayley
- St. George's, University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - N Kallam
- Royal Free London NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - T L A Mak
- St. George's, University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - F Matthews
- St. George's, University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - E Norton
- University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - D Richardson
- St. George's, University of London, London, United Kingdom
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Bhate R, Colman J, Fowler T, Hayley J, Kallam N, Mak TLA, Matthews F, Norton E, Richardson D. 1520 Decoding Neurophobia – Insights from an Undergraduate Neuroanatomy Course. Br J Surg 2021. [DOI: 10.1093/bjs/znab259.908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Introduction
Neurophobia is a common multifaceted issue amongst students studying medical sciences at an undergraduate level associated with difficulty in understanding neuroscience topics and ongoing negative perceptions of clinical neurosciences. We sought to examine whether neurophobia was present even amongst students who participated in an extracurricular neuroanatomy teaching course.
Method
Prior to the beginning of a twelve-week online neuroanatomy course, delegates were asked to complete a short questionnaire examining perceptions of neurophobia and specialities of interest. This was repeated after the course. This course was open to all undergraduate students in the UK and covered material beyond the remits of the undergraduate curriculum.
Results
From the 166 signups, 98 students completed the pre-course questionnaire. As expected, the majority of students (n = 83) taking part did not identify as neurophobic, describing the subject area as ‘interesting’, ‘enjoyable’ and ‘challenging’. Students who identified as neurophobic described neuroanatomy as ‘complex’ or ‘overwhelming’. Some students (n = 12) continued to describe themselves as neurophobic at the end of the course, despite this 7 of those students continue to consider a future career in a neuro-related speciality.
Conclusions
The fact that students with Neurophobia attended this extra-curricular course speaks volumes of how perception and self-motivation of a student are important for learning a subject. All students who participated in this course recognised the complexity and interesting nature of neuroanatomy. This experience highlights the challenge of medical educators to provide teaching experiences that are stimulating and enjoyable, but not overwhelming.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Bhate
- St. George's, University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - J Colman
- University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - T Fowler
- King George Hospital, Ilford, United Kingdom
| | - J Hayley
- St. George's, University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - N Kallam
- Royal Free London NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - T L A Mak
- St. George's, University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - F Matthews
- St. George's, University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - E Norton
- University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - D Richardson
- St. George's, University of London, London, United Kingdom
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Taher J, Mighton C, Chowdhary S, Casalino S, Frangione E, Arnoldo S, Bearss E, Binnie A, Bombard Y, Borgundvaag B, Chertkow H, Clausen M, Devine L, Faghfoury H, Friedman SM, Gingras AC, Khan Z, Mazzulli T, McGeer A, McLeod SL, Pugh TJ, Richardson D, Simpson J, Stern S, Strug L, Taher A, Lerner-Ellis J. Implementation of serological and molecular tools to inform COVID-19 patient management: protocol for the GENCOV prospective cohort study. BMJ Open 2021; 11:e052842. [PMID: 34593505 PMCID: PMC8487020 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2021-052842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION There is considerable variability in symptoms and severity of COVID-19 among patients infected by the SARS-CoV-2 virus. Linking host and virus genome sequence information to antibody response and biological information may identify patient or viral characteristics associated with poor and favourable outcomes. This study aims to (1) identify characteristics of the antibody response that result in maintained immune response and better outcomes, (2) determine the impact of genetic differences on infection severity and immune response, (3) determine the impact of viral lineage on antibody response and patient outcomes and (4) evaluate patient-reported outcomes of receiving host genome, antibody and viral lineage results. METHODS AND ANALYSIS A prospective, observational cohort study is being conducted among adult patients with COVID-19 in the Greater Toronto Area. Blood samples are collected at baseline (during infection) and 1, 6 and 12 months after diagnosis. Serial antibody titres, isotype, antigen target and viral neutralisation will be assessed. Clinical data will be collected from chart reviews and patient surveys. Host genomes and T-cell and B-cell receptors will be sequenced. Viral genomes will be sequenced to identify viral lineage. Regression models will be used to test associations between antibody response, physiological response, genetic markers and patient outcomes. Pathogenic genomic variants related to disease severity, or negative outcomes will be identified and genome wide association will be conducted. Immune repertoire diversity during infection will be correlated with severity of COVID-19 symptoms and human leucocyte antigen-type associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection. Participants can learn their genome sequencing, antibody and viral sequencing results; patient-reported outcomes of receiving this information will be assessed through surveys and qualitative interviews. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION This study was approved by Clinical Trials Ontario Streamlined Ethics Review System (CTO Project ID: 3302) and the research ethics boards at participating hospitals. Study findings will be disseminated through peer-reviewed publications, conference presentations and end-users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Taher
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Mount Sinai Hospital, Sinai Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Chloe Mighton
- Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Mount Sinai Hospital, Sinai Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Sinai Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Sunakshi Chowdhary
- Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Mount Sinai Hospital, Sinai Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Sinai Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Selina Casalino
- Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Mount Sinai Hospital, Sinai Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Sinai Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Erika Frangione
- Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Mount Sinai Hospital, Sinai Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Sinai Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Saranya Arnoldo
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- William Osler Health System, Brampton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Erin Bearss
- Mount Sinai Academic Family Health Team, Mount Sinai Hospital, Sinai Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | | | - Yvonne Bombard
- Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Bjug Borgundvaag
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Mount Sinai Hospital, Sinai Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | | | - Marc Clausen
- Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Luke Devine
- Division of General Internal Medicine, Mount Sinai Hospital, Sinai Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Hanna Faghfoury
- Fred A Litwin and Family Centre in Genetic Medicine, University Health Network & Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Steven Marc Friedman
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Emergency Medicine, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Anne-Claude Gingras
- Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Mount Sinai Hospital, Sinai Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Sinai Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Zeeshan Khan
- Mackenzie Health, Richmond Hill, Ontario, Canada
| | - Tony Mazzulli
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Microbiology, Mount Sinai Hospital, Sinai Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Allison McGeer
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Sinai Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Microbiology, Mount Sinai Hospital, Sinai Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Shelley L McLeod
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Schwartz/Reisman Emergency Medicine Institute, Sinai Health System, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Trevor J Pugh
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Ontario Institute for Cancer Research, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | | | - Jared Simpson
- Ontario Institute for Cancer Research, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Computer Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Seth Stern
- Mackenzie Health, Richmond Hill, Ontario, Canada
| | - Lisa Strug
- The Centre for Applied Genomics, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Statistical Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Ahmed Taher
- Emergency Medicine, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Mackenzie Health, Richmond Hill, Ontario, Canada
- Division of Emergency Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jordan Lerner-Ellis
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Mount Sinai Hospital, Sinai Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Sinai Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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Richardson D, Samarasekara K, Ringshall M, Parashar K, Nichols K, Devlin J, Buss Z, Pickering A, Fitzpatrick C, Williams D. The characteristics of men who have sex with men who present as sexual contacts of gonorrhoea from a clinic-based population. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2021; 35:e926-e928. [PMID: 34370354 DOI: 10.1111/jdv.17589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2021] [Accepted: 07/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- D Richardson
- University Hospitals, Sussex, Brighton, UK.,Brighton & Sussex Medical School, Brighton, UK
| | | | | | - K Parashar
- University Hospitals, Sussex, Brighton, UK
| | - K Nichols
- University Hospitals, Sussex, Brighton, UK
| | | | - Z Buss
- University Hospitals, Sussex, Brighton, UK
| | | | | | - D Williams
- University Hospitals, Sussex, Brighton, UK
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Richardson J, Richardson D. Introduction to 'What can and can't we see?'. Acta Crystallogr A Found Adv 2021. [DOI: 10.1107/s0108767321098378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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Richardson D, Trotman D, Devlin J, Buss Z, Fortescue-Talwar R, Fitzpatrick C, Williams D. Gonorrhoea proctitis in men who have sex with men: The importance of performing culture specimens for antimicrobial resistance surveillance. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2021; 35:e873-e875. [PMID: 34242436 DOI: 10.1111/jdv.17503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2021] [Revised: 06/08/2021] [Accepted: 06/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- D Richardson
- University Hospitals Sussex NHS Foundation NHS Trust, Sexual Health & HIV Medicine, Brighton, UK.,Brighton & Sussex Medical School, Brighton, UK
| | - D Trotman
- University Hospitals Sussex NHS Foundation NHS Trust, Sexual Health & HIV Medicine, Brighton, UK
| | - J Devlin
- University Hospitals Sussex NHS Foundation NHS Trust, Sexual Health & HIV Medicine, Brighton, UK
| | - Z Buss
- University Hospitals Sussex NHS Foundation NHS Trust, Sexual Health & HIV Medicine, Brighton, UK
| | - R Fortescue-Talwar
- University Hospitals Sussex NHS Foundation NHS Trust, Sexual Health & HIV Medicine, Brighton, UK
| | - C Fitzpatrick
- University Hospitals Sussex NHS Foundation NHS Trust, Sexual Health & HIV Medicine, Brighton, UK
| | - D Williams
- University Hospitals Sussex NHS Foundation NHS Trust, Sexual Health & HIV Medicine, Brighton, UK
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