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Simaz O, Michaelson J, Wilson JK, Talamas E, Gut L, Pote J, Szűcs M. Field releases of the exotic parasitoid Trissolcus japonicus (Hymenoptera: Scelionidae) and survey of native parasitoids attacking Halyomorpha halys (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) in Michigan. Environ Entomol 2023; 52:998-1007. [PMID: 37802890 PMCID: PMC10724022 DOI: 10.1093/ee/nvad102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2023] [Revised: 09/06/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 10/08/2023]
Abstract
An adventive population of the exotic parasitoid wasp, Trissolcus japonicus (Ashmead) (Hymenoptera: Scelionidae), discovered in Michigan in 2018, is a promising biological control agent of the invasive Halyomorpha halys (Stål) (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae). Following its discovery, field releases of Tr. japonicus were conducted over 2 yr in southern Michigan, to test how release size or release frequency impacts establishment. Sentinel eggs of H. halys and of the native Podisus maculiventris (Say) (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) were used alongside yellow sticky cards to monitor parasitoids. In 2019 and 2020, 7,200 Tr. japonicus were released at 16 sites. Monitoring between 2019 and 2021 yielded only 49 individuals. The captures suggest reproductive activity and overwintering success in the field but do not allow for evaluation of best release methods. Parasitism by native parasitoids was below 7%, which is similar to other states and unlikely to provide sufficient control of H. halys. The placement of sentinel eggs or sticky traps either in the lower or middle canopy of trees did not influence parasitoid capture rates. Frozen and fresh H. halys sentinel eggs were attacked at the same rate, but more native parasitoids emerged from frozen eggs. We did not find signs of nontarget effects on P. maculiventris thus parasitism rates overall were very low. These results could indicate dispersal of Tr. japonicus from the release sites or slow population growth. The latter may be due to the relatively low densities of H. halys in Michigan or may stem from the small founding size of our laboratory colony.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olivia Simaz
- Department of Entomology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Julie Michaelson
- Department of Entomology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Julianna K Wilson
- Department of Entomology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Elijah Talamas
- Florida Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services, Bureau of Entomology, Nematology and Plant Pathology, Division of Plant Industry, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Larry Gut
- Department of Entomology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - John Pote
- Department of Entomology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Marianna Szűcs
- Department of Entomology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
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2
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Perkins JA, Kim K, Gut LJ, Sundin GW, Wilson JK. Fungicide Exposure in Honey Bee Hives Varies By Time, Worker Role, and Proximity to Orchards in Spring. J Econ Entomol 2023; 116:435-446. [PMID: 36708024 PMCID: PMC10148177 DOI: 10.1093/jee/toad008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Fungicides are commonly applied to prevent diseases in eastern North American cherry orchards at the same time that honey bees (Apis mellifera L. (Hymenoptera: Apidae)) are rented for pollination services. Fungicide exposure in honey bees can cause negative health effects. To measure fungicide exposure, we sampled commercial honey bee colonies during orchard bloom at two commercial tart cherry orchards and one holding yard in northern Michigan over two seasons. Nurse bees, foragers, larvae, pollen, bee bread, and wax were screened for captan, chlorothalonil, and thiophanate-methyl. We also looked at the composition of pollens collected by foragers during spring bloom. We found differences in fungicide residue levels between nurse bees and foragers, with higher captan levels in nurse bees. We also found that residue levels of chlorothalonil in workers were significantly increased during tart cherry bloom, and that nurse bees from hives adjacent to orchards had significantly higher chlorothalonil residues than nurse bees from hives kept in a holding yard. Our results suggest that fungicide exposure of individual honey bees depends greatly on hive location in relation to mass-flowering crops, and worker role (life stage) at the time of collection. In some pollen samples, captan and chlorothalonil were detected at levels known to cause negative health effects for honey bees. This study increases our understanding of exposure risk for bees under current bloom time orchard management in this region. Further research is needed to balance crop disease management requirements with necessary pollination services and long-term pollinator health.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kyungmin Kim
- Department of Plant, Soil and Microbial Sciences, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | | | - George W Sundin
- Department of Plant, Soil and Microbial Sciences, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
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3
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Illán JG, Zhu G, Walgenbach JF, Acebes‐Doria A, Agnello AM, Alston DG, Andrews H, Beers EH, Bergh JC, Bessin RT, Blaauw BR, Buntin GD, Burkness EC, Cullum JP, Daane KM, Fann LE, Fisher J, Girod P, Gut LJ, Hamilton GC, Hepler JR, Hilton R, Hoelmer KA, Hutchison WD, Jentsch PJ, Joseph SV, Kennedy GG, Krawczyk G, Kuhar TP, Lee JC, Leskey TC, Marshal AT, Milnes JM, Nielsen AL, Patel DK, Peterson HD, Reisig DD, Rijal JP, Sial AA, Spears LR, Stahl JM, Tatman KM, Taylor SV, Tillman G, Toews MD, Villanueva RT, Welty C, Wiman NG, Wilson JK, Zalom FG, Crowder DW. Evaluating invasion risk and population dynamics of the brown marmorated stink bug across the contiguous United States. Pest Manag Sci 2022; 78:4929-4938. [PMID: 36054536 PMCID: PMC9804287 DOI: 10.1002/ps.7113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2021] [Revised: 07/12/2022] [Accepted: 08/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Invasive species threaten the productivity and stability of natural and managed ecosystems. Predicting the spread of invaders, which can aid in early mitigation efforts, is a major challenge, especially in the face of climate change. While ecological niche models are effective tools to assess habitat suitability for invaders, such models have rarely been created for invasive pest species with rapidly expanding ranges. Here, we leveraged a national monitoring effort from 543 sites over 3 years to assess factors mediating the occurrence and abundance of brown marmorated stink bug (BMSB, Halyomorpha halys), an invasive insect pest that has readily established throughout much of the United States. RESULTS We used maximum entropy models to estimate the suitable habitat of BMSB under several climate scenarios, and generalized boosted models to assess environmental factors that regulated BMSB abundance. Our models captured BMSB distribution and abundance with high accuracy, and predicted a 70% increase in suitable habitat under future climate scenarios. However, environmental factors that mediated the geographical distribution of BMSB were different from those driving abundance. While BMSB occurrence was most affected by winter precipitation and proximity to populated areas, BMSB abundance was influenced most strongly by evapotranspiration and solar photoperiod. CONCLUSION Our results suggest that linking models of establishment (occurrence) and population dynamics (abundance) offers a more effective way to forecast the spread and impact of BMSB and other invasive species than simply occurrence-based models, allowing for targeted mitigation efforts. Implications of distribution shifts under climate change are discussed. © 2022 The Authors. Pest Management Science published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.
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4
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Wilson JK, Gut LJ, Powers K, Huang J, Rothwell N. Predicting the Risk of Tart Cherry (Prunus cerasus) Infestation by Drosophila suzukii (Diptera: Drosophilidae). J Econ Entomol 2022; 115:1024-1028. [PMID: 35217870 DOI: 10.1093/jee/toac024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Drosophila suzukii (Matsumura, 1931) (Diptera: Drosophilidae) is a vinegar fly native to East Asia that has rapidly expanded its range to become a pest of sweet cherry (Prunus avium, L. 1753 [Rosales: Rosaceae]) and tart cherry (P. cerasus, L. 1753) in North America and Europe. The goal of the research presented herein was to improve the decision-making process for managing D. suzukii in tart cherry. Knowing that D. suzukii females are attracted to ripening fruit, we measured fruit infestation by D. suzukii as it relates to an existing fruit development model that uses full bloom as a biofix, calculating accumulated growing degree days (GDD) with a lower threshold of 4°C. Increasing larval infestation was highly correlated with fruit development expressed as GDD post-bloom with very few larvae developing in fruit subjected to no-choice assays prior to 530 GDD (base 4°C) and no larvae detected in naturally infested fruit prior to 800 GDD. Our findings provide the first quantification of the relationship between fruit development and D. suzukii infestation that allows for pinpointing the timing of fruit susceptibility and that could be used as the basis for a more sustainable management program for this pest in tart cherry orchards.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julianna K Wilson
- Department of Entomology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Larry J Gut
- Department of Entomology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Karen Powers
- Northwest Michigan Horticultural Research Center, Traverse City, MI, USA
| | - Juan Huang
- Department of Entomology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Nikki Rothwell
- Northwest Michigan Horticultural Research Center, Traverse City, MI, USA
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5
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Allen-Perkins A, Magrach A, Dainese M, Garibaldi LA, Kleijn D, Rader R, Reilly JR, Winfree R, Lundin O, McGrady CM, Brittain C, Biddinger DJ, Artz DR, Elle E, Hoffman G, Ellis JD, Daniels J, Gibbs J, Campbell JW, Brokaw J, Wilson JK, Mason K, Ward KL, Gundersen KB, Bobiwash K, Gut L, Rowe LM, Boyle NK, Williams NM, Joshi NK, Rothwell N, Gillespie RL, Isaacs R, Fleischer SJ, Peterson SS, Rao S, Pitts-Singer TL, Fijen T, Boreux V, Rundlöf M, Viana BF, Klein AM, Smith HG, Bommarco R, Carvalheiro LG, Ricketts TH, Ghazoul J, Krishnan S, Benjamin FE, Loureiro J, Castro S, Raine NE, de Groot GA, Horgan FG, Hipólito J, Smagghe G, Meeus I, Eeraerts M, Potts SG, Kremen C, García D, Miñarro M, Crowder DW, Pisanty G, Mandelik Y, Vereecken NJ, Leclercq N, Weekers T, Lindstrom SAM, Stanley DA, Zaragoza-Trello C, Nicholson CC, Scheper J, Rad C, Marks EAN, Mota L, Danforth B, Park M, Bezerra ADM, Freitas BM, Mallinger RE, da Silva FO, Willcox B, Ramos DL, da Silva E Silva FD, Lázaro A, Alomar D, González-Estévez MA, Taki H, Cariveau DP, Garratt MPD, Nabaes Jodar DN, Stewart RIA, Ariza D, Pisman M, Lichtenberg EM, Schüepp C, Herzog F, Entling MH, Dupont YL, Michener CD, Daily GC, Ehrlich PR, Burns KLW, Vilà M, Robson A, Howlett B, Blechschmidt L, Jauker F, Schwarzbach F, Nesper M, Diekötter T, Wolters V, Castro H, Gaspar H, Nault BA, Badenhausser I, Petersen JD, Tscharntke T, Bretagnolle V, Chan DSW, Chacoff N, Andersson GKS, Jha S, Colville JF, Veldtman R, Coutinho J, Bianchi FJJA, Sutter L, Albrecht M, Jeanneret P, Zou Y, Averill AL, Saez A, Sciligo AR, Vergara CH, Bloom EH, Oeller E, Badano EI, Loeb GM, Grab H, Ekroos J, Gagic V, Cunningham SA, Åström J, Cavigliasso P, Trillo A, Classen A, Mauchline AL, Montero-Castaño A, Wilby A, Woodcock BA, Sidhu CS, Steffan-Dewenter I, Vogiatzakis IN, Herrera JM, Otieno M, Gikungu MW, Cusser SJ, Nauss T, Nilsson L, Knapp J, Ortega-Marcos JJ, González JA, Osborne JL, Blanche R, Shaw RF, Hevia V, Stout J, Arthur AD, Blochtein B, Szentgyorgyi H, Li J, Mayfield MM, Woyciechowski M, Nunes-Silva P, de Oliveira RH, Henry S, Simmons BI, Dalsgaard B, Hansen K, Sritongchuay T, O'Reilly AD, García FJC, Parra GN, Pigozo CM, Bartomeus I. CropPol: a dynamic, open and global database on crop pollination. Ecology 2021; 103:e3614. [PMID: 34921678 DOI: 10.1002/ecy.3614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2020] [Revised: 04/05/2021] [Accepted: 09/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Seventy five percent of the world's food crops benefit from insect pollination. Hence, there has been increased interest in how global change drivers impact this critical ecosystem service. Because standardized data on crop pollination are rarely available, we are limited in our capacity to understand the variation in pollination benefits to crop yield, as well as to anticipate changes in this service, develop predictions, and inform management actions. Here, we present CropPol, a dynamic, open and global database on crop pollination. It contains measurements recorded from 202 crop studies, covering 3,394 field observations, 2,552 yield measurements (i.e. berry weight, number of fruits and kg per hectare, among others), and 47,752 insect records from 48 commercial crops distributed around the globe. CropPol comprises 32 of the 87 leading global crops and commodities that are pollinator dependent. Malus domestica is the most represented crop (32 studies), followed by Brassica napus (22 studies), Vaccinium corymbosum (13 studies), and Citrullus lanatus (12 studies). The most abundant pollinator guilds recorded are honey bees (34.22% counts), bumblebees (19.19%), flies other than Syrphidae and Bombyliidae (13.18%), other wild bees (13.13%), beetles (10.97%), Syrphidae (4.87%), and Bombyliidae (0.05%). Locations comprise 34 countries distributed among Europe (76 studies), Northern America (60), Latin America and the Caribbean (29), Asia (20), Oceania (10), and Africa (7). Sampling spans three decades and is concentrated on 2001-05 (21 studies), 2006-10 (40), 2011-15 (88), and 2016-20 (50). This is the most comprehensive open global data set on measurements of crop flower visitors, crop pollinators and pollination to date, and we encourage researchers to add more datasets to this database in the future. This data set is released for non-commercial use only. Credits should be given to this paper (i.e., proper citation), and the products generated with this database should be shared under the same license terms (CC BY-NC-SA). This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alfonso Allen-Perkins
- Estación Biológica de Doñana (EBD-CSIC), Avda. Américo Vespucio 26, Isla de la Cartuja, Sevilla, Spain.,Departamento de Ingeniería Eléctrica, Electrónica, Automática y Física Aplicada, ETSIDI, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ainhoa Magrach
- Basque Centre for Climate Change-BC3, Edif. Sede 1, 1°, Parque Científico UPV-EHU, Barrio Sarriena s/n, 48940, Leioa, Spain.,IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, María Díaz de Haro 3, 48013, Bilbao, Spain
| | | | - Lucas A Garibaldi
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Instituto de Investigaciones en Recursos Naturales, Agroecología y Desarrollo Rural, Río Negro, Argentina.,Universidad Nacional de Río Negro, Instituto de Investigaciones en Recursos Naturales, Agroecología y Desarrollo Rural, Río Negro, Argentina
| | - David Kleijn
- Plant Ecology and Nature Conservation Group, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Romina Rader
- School of Environment and Rural Science, University of New England, Armidale, Australia
| | - James R Reilly
- Department of Ecology, Evolution and Natural Resources, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
| | - Rachael Winfree
- Department of Ecology, Evolution and Natural Resources, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
| | - Ola Lundin
- Department of Ecology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Carley M McGrady
- Department of Applied Ecology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
| | - Claire Brittain
- Department of Entomology and Nematology, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | - David J Biddinger
- Department of Entomology, Pennsylvania State University Fruit Research and Extension Center, Biglerville, PA, USA
| | - Derek R Artz
- USDA-Agricultural Research Service, Pollinating Insects Research Unit, Logan, UT, USA
| | - Elizabeth Elle
- Department of Biological Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC, Canada
| | - George Hoffman
- Department of Crop and Soil Science, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, USA
| | - James D Ellis
- Entomology and Nematology Department, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Jaret Daniels
- Entomology and Nematology Department, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA.,Florida Museum of Natural History, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Jason Gibbs
- Department of Entomology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | - Joshua W Campbell
- Entomology and Nematology Department, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA.,USDA Agricultural Research Service, Northern Plains Agricultural Research Laboratory, Sidney, MT, USA
| | - Julia Brokaw
- Department of Entomology, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN, USA
| | - Julianna K Wilson
- Department of Entomology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Keith Mason
- Department of Entomology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Kimiora L Ward
- Department of Entomology and Nematology, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, USA.,National Park Service, Yosemite National Park, CA, USA
| | - Knute B Gundersen
- Department of Entomology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Kyle Bobiwash
- Department of Biological Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC, Canada.,Department of Entomology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | - Larry Gut
- Department of Entomology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Logan M Rowe
- Department of Entomology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Natalie K Boyle
- USDA-Agricultural Research Service, Pollinating Insects Research Unit, Logan, UT, USA.,Department of Entomology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA
| | - Neal M Williams
- Department of Entomology and Nematology, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Neelendra K Joshi
- Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, USA
| | - Nikki Rothwell
- Northwest Michigan Horticultural Research Center, Michigan State University, Traverse City, MI, USA
| | - Robert L Gillespie
- Agriculture and Natural Resource Program, Wenatchee Valley College, Wenatchee, WA, USA
| | - Rufus Isaacs
- Department of Entomology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Shelby J Fleischer
- Department of Entomology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA
| | | | - Sujaya Rao
- Department of Entomology, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN, USA
| | | | - Thijs Fijen
- Plant Ecology and Nature Conservation Group, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Virginie Boreux
- ETH Zürich - Institute for Terrestrial Ecosystems - Ecosystem Management - Universitaetstrasse 16, 8092, Zurich, Switzerland.,University of Freiburg - Chair of Nature Conservation and Landscape Ecology - Tennenbacher Str. 4, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Maj Rundlöf
- Department of Biology, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Blandina Felipe Viana
- Biology Institute, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil.,National Institute of Science and Technology in Inter and Transdisciplinary Studies in Ecology and Evolution - INCT IN-TREE, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Alexandra-Maria Klein
- University of Freiburg - Chair of Nature Conservation and Landscape Ecology - Tennenbacher Str. 4, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Henrik G Smith
- Department of Biology, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.,Centre for Environmental and Climate Research, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Riccardo Bommarco
- Department of Ecology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Luísa G Carvalheiro
- Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Changes (cE3c), University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal.,Ecology Department, Universidade Federal de Goiás (UFG), Goiânia, Brasil
| | - Taylor H Ricketts
- Gund Institute for Environment, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA.,Rubenstein School for Environment and Natural Resources, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA
| | - Jaboury Ghazoul
- Department of Environmental Systems Science, ETH Zurich, Universitätstrasse 16, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Smitha Krishnan
- Department of Environmental Systems Science, ETH Zurich, Universitätstrasse 16, Zurich, Switzerland.,Bioversity International, Bangalore, India
| | - Faye E Benjamin
- Department of Ecology, Evolution and Natural Resources, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
| | - João Loureiro
- FLOWer Lab, Centre for Functional Ecology, Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, Calçada Martim de Freitas, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Sílvia Castro
- FLOWer Lab, Centre for Functional Ecology, Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, Calçada Martim de Freitas, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Nigel E Raine
- School of Environmental Sciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
| | | | - Finbarr G Horgan
- EcoLaverna Integral Restoration Ecology, Kildinan, Co. Cork, Ireland.,Universidad Católica del Maule, Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias y Forestales, Escuela de Agronomía, Casilla 7-D, Curicó, Chile
| | - Juliana Hipólito
- Coordination of Research in Biodiversity - COBIO, 2936 André Araújo Ave, Petrópolis, National Institute for Research in the Amazon (INPA), Manaus, AM, Brazil
| | - Guy Smagghe
- Laboratory of Agrozoology, Department of Plant and Crops, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Ivan Meeus
- Laboratory of Agrozoology, Department of Plant and Crops, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Maxime Eeraerts
- Laboratory of Agrozoology, Department of Plant and Crops, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Simon G Potts
- Centre for Agri-Environmental Research, School of Agriculture, Policy and Development, University of Reading, Reading, UK
| | - Claire Kremen
- Department of Environmental Science, Policy and Management, University of California, Berkeley, 137 Mulford Hall, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Daniel García
- Universidad de Oviedo y Unidad Mixta de Investigación en Biodiversidad (CSIC-Uo-, PA, Spain
| | - Marcos Miñarro
- Servicio Regional de Investigación y Desarrollo Agroalimentario (SERIDA), Spain
| | | | | | | | - Nicolas J Vereecken
- Agroecology Lab, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB) , Boulevard du Triomphe CP 264/02, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Nicolas Leclercq
- Agroecology Lab, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB) , Boulevard du Triomphe CP 264/02, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Timothy Weekers
- Agroecology Lab, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB) , Boulevard du Triomphe CP 264/02, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Sandra A M Lindstrom
- Department of Ecology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden.,Department of Biology, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.,Swedish Rural Economy and Agricultural Society, SE-291 09, Kristianstad, Sweden
| | - Dara A Stanley
- School of Agriculture and Food Science, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Carlos Zaragoza-Trello
- Estación Biológica de Doñana (EBD-CSIC), Avda. Américo Vespucio 26, Isla de la Cartuja, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Charlie C Nicholson
- Department of Entomology and Nematology, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Jeroen Scheper
- Plant Ecology and Nature Conservation Group, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Carlos Rad
- Composting Research Group UBUCOMP, Universidad de Burgos, Faculty of Sciences, Pl. Misael Bañuelos s/n, 09001, Burgos, Spain
| | - Evan A N Marks
- BETA Technological Center, University of Vic-University of Central Catalonia, Carrer de la Laura 13, Vic, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Lucie Mota
- FLOWer Lab, Centre for Functional Ecology, Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, Calçada Martim de Freitas, Coimbra, Portugal
| | | | | | - Antônio Diego M Bezerra
- Universidade Federal do Ceará, Centro de Ciências Agrárias, Departamento de Zootecnia, Campus Universitário do Pici, Bloco 808, Caixa Postal 12168, CEP 60356-000, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Breno M Freitas
- Universidade Federal do Ceará, Centro de Ciências Agrárias, Departamento de Zootecnia, Campus Universitário do Pici, Bloco 808, Caixa Postal 12168, CEP 60356-000, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | | | - Fabiana Oliveira da Silva
- National Institute of Science and Technology in Inter and Transdisciplinary Studies in Ecology and Evolution - INCT IN-TREE, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil.,Universidade Federal de Sergipe (UFS)
| | - Bryony Willcox
- School of Environment and Rural Science, University of New England, Armidale, Australia
| | | | | | - Amparo Lázaro
- Instituto Mediterráneo de Estudios Avanzados (UIB-CSIC). Global Change Research Group. C/ Miquel Marquès 21, 09190, Esporles, Balearic Islands, Spain
| | | | - Miguel A González-Estévez
- Instituto Mediterráneo de Estudios Avanzados (UIB-CSIC). Global Change Research Group. C/ Miquel Marquès 21, 09190, Esporles, Balearic Islands, Spain
| | - Hisatomo Taki
- Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Daniel P Cariveau
- Department of Entomology, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN, USA
| | - Michael P D Garratt
- Centre for Agri-Environmental Research, School of Agriculture, Policy and Development, University of Reading, Reading, UK
| | - Diego N Nabaes Jodar
- Universidad Nacional de Río Negro, Instituto de Investigaciones en Recursos Naturales, Agroecología y Desarrollo Rural, Río Negro, Argentina
| | - Rebecca I A Stewart
- Department of Biology, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.,Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Changes (cE3c), University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Daniel Ariza
- Laboratory of Agrozoology, Department of Plant and Crops, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Matti Pisman
- Laboratory of Agrozoology, Department of Plant and Crops, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Elinor M Lichtenberg
- Department of Entomology, Washington State University.,Department of Biological Sciences, University of North Texas
| | - Christof Schüepp
- iES Landau Institute for Environmental Sciences, University of Koblenz-, Landau, Germany
| | - Felix Herzog
- Agroecology and Environment, Agroscope, Reckenholzstrasse 191, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Martin H Entling
- iES Landau Institute for Environmental Sciences, University of Koblenz-, Landau, Germany
| | - Yoko L Dupont
- Dept. of Bioscience, Aarhus University, 8410 Roende, Denmark
| | - Charles D Michener
- Entomology Division, Natural History Museum, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas, USA.,Deceased
| | - Gretchen C Daily
- Center for Conservation Biology, Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Paul R Ehrlich
- Center for Conservation Biology, Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Katherine L W Burns
- School of Agriculture and Food Science, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Montserrat Vilà
- Estación Biológica de Doñana (EBD-CSIC), Avda. Américo Vespucio 26, Isla de la Cartuja, Sevilla, Spain.,Department of Plant Biology and Ecology, University of Seville, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Andrew Robson
- Applied Agricultural Remote Sensing Centre (AARSC), University of New England, Armidale, Australia
| | - Brad Howlett
- The New Zealand Institute for Plant and Food Research Ltd
| | - Leah Blechschmidt
- School of Environmental Sciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
| | - Frank Jauker
- Department of Animal Ecology, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 26-32, D-35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Franziska Schwarzbach
- Department of Animal Ecology, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 26-32, D-35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Maike Nesper
- Department of Environmental Systems Science, ETH Zurich, Universitätstrasse 16, Zurich, Switzerland
| | | | - Volkmar Wolters
- Department of Animal Ecology, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 26-32, D-35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Helena Castro
- FLOWer Lab, Centre for Functional Ecology, Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, Calçada Martim de Freitas, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Hugo Gaspar
- FLOWer Lab, Centre for Functional Ecology, Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, Calçada Martim de Freitas, Coimbra, Portugal
| | | | - Isabelle Badenhausser
- INRAE, Unité de Recherche Pluridisciplinaire Prairies Plantes Fourragères, Lusignan, France.,UMR 7372, Centre d'Etudes Biologiques de Chizé, Université de la Rochelle & CNRS, Villiers en Bois, France
| | | | | | | | - D Susan Willis Chan
- School of Environmental Sciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
| | | | - Georg K S Andersson
- Department of Biology, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.,Centre for Environmental and Climate Research, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | | | - Jonathan F Colville
- The Centre for Statistics in Ecology, the Environment and Conservation, Department of Statistical Sciences, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch, South Africa
| | | | | | - Felix J J A Bianchi
- Farming Systems Ecology, Wageningen University and Research, AK, Wageningen, Netherlands
| | - Louis Sutter
- Plant-Production Systems, Agroscope, Route des Eterpys 18, CH-1964, Conthey, Switzerland
| | - Matthias Albrecht
- Agroecology and Environment, Agroscope, Reckenholzstrasse 191, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Philippe Jeanneret
- Agroecology and Environment, Agroscope, Reckenholzstrasse 191, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Yi Zou
- Department of Health and Environmental Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong-Liverpool University Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Anne L Averill
- Department of Environmental Conservation, University of Massachusetts, 160 Holdsworth Way, Amherst, MA, USA
| | - Agustin Saez
- INIBIOMA (CONICET-Universidad Nacional del Comahue) Bariloche - Rio Negro, Argentina
| | - Amber R Sciligo
- Department of Environmental Science, Policy and Management, University of California, Berkeley, 137 Mulford Hall, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Carlos H Vergara
- Department of Chemical and Biological Sciences, Universidad de las Américas Puebla, Cholula, Pue., Mexico
| | - Elias H Bloom
- Department of Entomology, Washington State University
| | | | - Ernesto I Badano
- División de Ciencias Ambientales, Instituto Potosino de Investigación Científica y Tecnológica, A.C., Mexico
| | - Gregory M Loeb
- Department of Entomology, Cornell Agritech, Cornell University
| | - Heather Grab
- School of Integrative Plant Science, Cornell University
| | - Johan Ekroos
- Centre for Environmental and Climate Research, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Vesna Gagic
- Department of Ecology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden.,Queensland Department of Agriculture and Fisheries, Ecosciences Precinct, QLD, 4001, Australia
| | - Saul A Cunningham
- Fenner School of Environment and Society, the Australian National University, Canberra, Australia
| | | | - Pablo Cavigliasso
- Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA), Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Concordia. Programa Nacional Apicultura (PNAPI), Argentina
| | - Alejandro Trillo
- Estación Biológica de Doñana (EBD-CSIC), Avda. Américo Vespucio 26, Isla de la Cartuja, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Alice Classen
- Department of Animal Ecology and Tropical Biology, Biocenter, University of Würzburg
| | - Alice L Mauchline
- Centre for Agri-Environmental Research, School of Agriculture, Policy and Development, University of Reading, Reading, UK
| | - Ana Montero-Castaño
- School of Environmental Sciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
| | - Andrew Wilby
- Lancaster Environment Centre, Lancaster University, UK
| | | | - C Sheena Sidhu
- San Mateo Resource Conservation District, California, UK
| | | | | | - José M Herrera
- Mediterranean Institute for Agriculture, Environment and Development, University of Évora, Évora, Portugal
| | - Mark Otieno
- Department of Agricultural Resource Management, University of Embu, Kenya
| | - Mary W Gikungu
- Department of Zoology, National Museums of Kenya, Nairobi, Kenya
| | | | - Thomas Nauss
- Environmental Informatics, Faculty of Geography, University of Marburg
| | - Lovisa Nilsson
- Centre for Environmental and Climate Research, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Jessica Knapp
- Department of Biology, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.,Environment and Sustainability Institute, University of Exeter, Penryn Campus, Penryn, Cornwall, UK
| | - Jorge J Ortega-Marcos
- Social-ecological Systems Laboratory, Department of Ecology, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - José A González
- Social-ecological Systems Laboratory, Department of Ecology, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Juliet L Osborne
- Environment and Sustainability Institute, University of Exeter, Penryn Campus, Penryn, Cornwall, UK
| | | | - Rosalind F Shaw
- Environment and Sustainability Institute, University of Exeter, Penryn Campus, Penryn, Cornwall, UK
| | - Violeta Hevia
- Social-ecological Systems Laboratory, Department of Ecology, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | | | | | - Betina Blochtein
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Instituto de Investigaciones en Recursos Naturales, Agroecología y Desarrollo Rural, Río Negro, Argentina.,Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia e Evolução da Biodiversidade, Escola de Ciência, Pontifícia Univ Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brasil
| | | | | | - Margaret M Mayfield
- The School of Biological Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Michał Woyciechowski
- Institute of Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Jagiellonian University
| | - Patrícia Nunes-Silva
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia e Evolução da Biodiversidade, Escola de Ciência, Pontifícia Univ Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brasil
| | - Rosana Halinski de Oliveira
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia e Evolução da Biodiversidade, Escola de Ciência, Pontifícia Univ Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brasil
| | | | - Benno I Simmons
- Centre for Ecology and Conservation, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter, Cornwall Campus, Penryn, UK
| | - Bo Dalsgaard
- Center for Macroecology, Evolution and Climate, GLOBE Institute, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen Ø, Denmark
| | - Katrine Hansen
- Center for Macroecology, Evolution and Climate, GLOBE Institute, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen Ø, Denmark
| | - Tuanjit Sritongchuay
- Center for Integrative Conservation, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Menglun, Mengla, Yunnan Province, China
| | - Alison D O'Reilly
- School of Agriculture and Food Science, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Fermín José Chamorro García
- Laboratorio de Investigaciones en Abejas (LABUN), Departamento de Biología, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Sede Bogotá.,Programa de Pós-graduação em Ecologia e Recursos Naturais, Departamento de Biologia, Universidade Federal do Ceará. Fortaleza-, CE, Brazil
| | - Guiomar Nates Parra
- Laboratorio de Investigaciones en Abejas (LABUN), Departamento de Biología, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Sede Bogotá
| | | | - Ignasi Bartomeus
- Estación Biológica de Doñana (EBD-CSIC), Avda. Américo Vespucio 26, Isla de la Cartuja, Sevilla, Spain
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6
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Forister ML, Halsch CA, Nice CC, Fordyce JA, Dilts TE, Oliver JC, Prudic KL, Shapiro AM, Wilson JK, Glassberg J. Fewer butterflies seen by community scientists across the warming and drying landscapes of the American West. Science 2021; 371:1042-1045. [PMID: 33674492 DOI: 10.1126/science.abe5585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2020] [Revised: 11/10/2020] [Accepted: 01/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Uncertainty remains regarding the role of anthropogenic climate change in declining insect populations, partly because our understanding of biotic response to climate is often complicated by habitat loss and degradation among other compounding stressors. We addressed this challenge by integrating expert and community scientist datasets that include decades of monitoring across more than 70 locations spanning the western United States. We found a 1.6% annual reduction in the number of individual butterflies observed over the past four decades, associated in particular with warming during fall months. The pervasive declines that we report advance our understanding of climate change impacts and suggest that a new approach is needed for butterfly conservation in the region, focused on suites of species with shared habitat or host associations.
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Affiliation(s)
- M L Forister
- Department of Biology, Program in Ecology, Evolution, and Conservation Biology, University of Nevada, Reno, NV 89557, USA.
| | - C A Halsch
- Department of Biology, Program in Ecology, Evolution, and Conservation Biology, University of Nevada, Reno, NV 89557, USA
| | - C C Nice
- Department of Biology, Texas State University, San Marcos, TX 78666, USA
| | - J A Fordyce
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA
| | - T E Dilts
- Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Science, University of Nevada, Reno, NV 89557, USA
| | - J C Oliver
- Office of Digital Innovation and Stewardship, University Libraries, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA
| | - K L Prudic
- School of Natural Resources and the Environment, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA
| | - A M Shapiro
- Center for Population Biology, University of California-Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - J K Wilson
- School of Natural Resources and the Environment, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA
| | - J Glassberg
- North American Butterfly Association, Morristown, NJ 07960, USA.,Department of BioSciences, Rice University, Houston, TX 77251, USA
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7
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McGowan CP, Angeli NF, Beisler WA, Snyder C, Rankin NM, Woodrow JO, Wilson JK, Rivenbark E, Schwarzer A, Hand CE, Anthony R, Griffin RK, Barrett K, Haverland AA, Roach NS, Schnieder T, Smith AD, Smith FM, Tolliver JDM, Watts BD. Linking monitoring and data analysis to predictions and decisions for the range-wide eastern black rail status assessment. ENDANGER SPECIES RES 2020. [DOI: 10.3354/esr01063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The US Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS) has initiated a re-envisioned approach for providing decision makers with the best available science and synthesis of that information, called the Species Status Assessment (SSA), for endangered species decision making. The SSA report is a descriptive document that provides decision makers with an assessment of the current and predicted future status of a species. These analyses support all manner of decisions under the US Endangered Species Act, such as listing, reclassification, and recovery planning. Novel scientific analysis and predictive modeling in SSAs could be an important part of rooting conservation decisions in current data and cutting edge analytical and modeling techniques. Here, we describe a novel analysis of available data to assess the current condition of eastern black rail Laterallus jamaicensis jamaicensis across its range in a dynamic occupancy analysis. We used the results of the analysis to develop a site occupancy projection model where the model parameters (initial occupancy, site persistence, colonization) were linked to environmental covariates, such as land management and land cover change (sea-level rise, development, etc.). We used the projection model to predict future status under multiple sea-level rise and habitat management scenarios. Occupancy probability and site colonization were low in all analysis units, and site persistence was also low, suggesting low resiliency and redundancy currently. Extinction probability was high for all analysis units in all simulated scenarios except one with significant effort to preserve existing habitat, suggesting low future resiliency and redundancy. With the results of these data analyses and predictive models, the USFWS concluded that protections of the Endangered Species Act were warranted for this subspecies.
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Affiliation(s)
- CP McGowan
- U.S. Geological Survey, Alabama Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA Addresses for other authors are given in Supplement 1 at www.int-res.com/articles/suppl/n043p209_supp/
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8
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Nicholson CC, Ward KL, Williams NM, Isaacs R, Mason KS, Wilson JK, Brokaw J, Gut LJ, Rothwell NL, Wood TJ, Rao S, Hoffman GD, Gibbs J, Thorp RW, Ricketts TH. Mismatched outcomes for biodiversity and ecosystem services: testing the responses of crop pollinators and wild bee biodiversity to habitat enhancement. Ecol Lett 2019; 23:326-335. [PMID: 31797535 DOI: 10.1111/ele.13435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2019] [Revised: 09/28/2019] [Accepted: 10/19/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Supporting ecosystem services and conserving biodiversity may be compatible goals, but there is concern that service-focused interventions mostly benefit a few common species. We use a spatially replicated, multiyear experiment in four agricultural settings to test if enhancing habitat adjacent to crops increases wild bee diversity and abundance on and off crops. We found that enhanced field edges harbored more taxonomically and functionally abundant, diverse, and compositionally different bee communities compared to control edges. Enhancements did not increase the abundance or diversity of bees visiting crops, indicating that the supply of pollination services was unchanged following enhancement. We find that actions to promote crop pollination improve multiple dimensions of biodiversity, underscoring their conservation value, but these benefits may not be spilling over to crops. More work is needed to identify the conditions that promote effective co-management of biodiversity and ecosystem services.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlie C Nicholson
- Gund Institute for Environment, University of Vermont, Burlington, 05405, VT, USA.,Rubenstein School of Environment and Natural Resources, University of Vermont, Burlington, 05405, VT, USA.,Department of Entomology and Nematology, University of California, Davis, 95616, CA, USA
| | - Kimiora L Ward
- Department of Entomology and Nematology, University of California, Davis, 95616, CA, USA.,Institute for Applied Ecology, Santa Fe, 87505, NM, USA
| | - Neal M Williams
- Department of Entomology and Nematology, University of California, Davis, 95616, CA, USA
| | - Rufus Isaacs
- Department of Entomology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, 48824, MI, USA
| | - Keith S Mason
- Department of Entomology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, 48824, MI, USA.,Department of Geography, Environment and Spatial Sciences, Michigan State University, East Lansing, 48824, MI, USA
| | - Julianna K Wilson
- Department of Entomology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, 48824, MI, USA
| | - Julia Brokaw
- Department of Entomology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, 48824, MI, USA.,Department of Entomology, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, 55455, MN, USA
| | - Larry J Gut
- Department of Entomology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, 48824, MI, USA
| | - Nikki L Rothwell
- Northwest Michigan Horticultural Research Center, Traverse City, 49684, MI, USA
| | - Thomas J Wood
- Department of Entomology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, 48824, MI, USA.,Laboratory of Zoology, University of Mons, Mons, 7000, Belgium
| | - Sujaya Rao
- Department of Entomology, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, 55455, MN, USA.,Department of Crop and Soil Science, Oregon State University, Corvallis, 97331, OR, USA
| | - George D Hoffman
- Department of Crop and Soil Science, Oregon State University, Corvallis, 97331, OR, USA
| | - Jason Gibbs
- Department of Entomology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, R3T 2N2, MB, Canada
| | - Robbin W Thorp
- Department of Entomology and Nematology, University of California, Davis, 95616, CA, USA
| | - Taylor H Ricketts
- Gund Institute for Environment, University of Vermont, Burlington, 05405, VT, USA.,Rubenstein School of Environment and Natural Resources, University of Vermont, Burlington, 05405, VT, USA
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9
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Wood TJ, Gibbs J, Rothwell N, Wilson JK, Gut L, Brokaw J, Isaacs R. Limited phenological and dietary overlap between bee communities in spring flowering crops and herbaceous enhancements. Ecol Appl 2018; 28:1924-1934. [PMID: 30184292 DOI: 10.1002/eap.1789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2018] [Revised: 06/29/2018] [Accepted: 07/15/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Wild bee populations have undergone declines in recent years across much of the Western world, and these declines have the potential to limit yield in pollination-dependent crops. Highbush blueberry, Vaccinium corymbosum, and tart cherry, Prunus cerasus, are spring-blooming crops that rely on the movement of pollen by bees and other insects for pollination. Wild bee populations can be increased on farmland by providing floral resources, but whether the addition of these plants translates into increased pollinator density on crop flowers has not been documented in most cropping systems. To determine the importance of providing additional floral resources for wild bee pollinator communities, we selected blueberry fields and tart cherry orchards with and without herbaceous floral enhancements in western Michigan, USA. The bee communities visiting crop flowers, enhancements and control grassy field margins were sampled over a 5-yr period. In addition, the pollen diets of the most abundant wild bee crop pollinators were quantified across Michigan to better understand their foraging niches and to identify potentially important alternative host plants. The presence of floral enhancements did not increase the abundance of wild bees on either blueberry or cherry flowers during bloom. The bee community visiting blueberry was evenly composed of short-season bees that fly only during the spring and long-season bees that fly in both spring and summer. In contrast, the bee community visiting cherry was dominated by short-season spring bees. The majority of pollen collected by the wild bee communities visiting blueberry and cherry was from spring-flowering woody plants, with limited use of the herbaceous enhancements. Enhancements attracted greater abundance and species richness of bees compared to control areas, including twice as many floral specialists. Conserving summer-flying, grassland-associated bees is an appropriate goal for pollinator conservation programs. However, herbaceous enhancements may not provide adequate resources for the wild bees that pollinate spring-flowering crops. This study demonstrates that an examination of the pollen collected by wild bees across their flight periods can identify plant species to help them persist in intensively managed landscapes.
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Affiliation(s)
- T J Wood
- Department of Entomology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, 48824, USA
| | - J Gibbs
- Department of Entomology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, 48824, USA
| | - N Rothwell
- Northwest Michigan Horticulture Research Center, Michigan State University, Traverse City, Michigan, 49684, USA
| | - J K Wilson
- Department of Entomology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, 48824, USA
| | - L Gut
- Department of Entomology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, 48824, USA
| | - J Brokaw
- Department of Entomology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, 48824, USA
| | - R Isaacs
- Department of Entomology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, 48824, USA
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10
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Lichtenberg EM, Kennedy CM, Kremen C, Batáry P, Berendse F, Bommarco R, Bosque-Pérez NA, Carvalheiro LG, Snyder WE, Williams NM, Winfree R, Klatt BK, Åström S, Benjamin F, Brittain C, Chaplin-Kramer R, Clough Y, Danforth B, Diekötter T, Eigenbrode SD, Ekroos J, Elle E, Freitas BM, Fukuda Y, Gaines-Day HR, Grab H, Gratton C, Holzschuh A, Isaacs R, Isaia M, Jha S, Jonason D, Jones VP, Klein AM, Krauss J, Letourneau DK, Macfadyen S, Mallinger RE, Martin EA, Martinez E, Memmott J, Morandin L, Neame L, Otieno M, Park MG, Pfiffner L, Pocock MJO, Ponce C, Potts SG, Poveda K, Ramos M, Rosenheim JA, Rundlöf M, Sardiñas H, Saunders ME, Schon NL, Sciligo AR, Sidhu CS, Steffan-Dewenter I, Tscharntke T, Veselý M, Weisser WW, Wilson JK, Crowder DW. A global synthesis of the effects of diversified farming systems on arthropod diversity within fields and across agricultural landscapes. Glob Chang Biol 2017; 23:4946-4957. [PMID: 28488295 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.13714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2016] [Accepted: 03/17/2017] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Agricultural intensification is a leading cause of global biodiversity loss, which can reduce the provisioning of ecosystem services in managed ecosystems. Organic farming and plant diversification are farm management schemes that may mitigate potential ecological harm by increasing species richness and boosting related ecosystem services to agroecosystems. What remains unclear is the extent to which farm management schemes affect biodiversity components other than species richness, and whether impacts differ across spatial scales and landscape contexts. Using a global metadataset, we quantified the effects of organic farming and plant diversification on abundance, local diversity (communities within fields), and regional diversity (communities across fields) of arthropod pollinators, predators, herbivores, and detritivores. Both organic farming and higher in-field plant diversity enhanced arthropod abundance, particularly for rare taxa. This resulted in increased richness but decreased evenness. While these responses were stronger at local relative to regional scales, richness and abundance increased at both scales, and richness on farms embedded in complex relative to simple landscapes. Overall, both organic farming and in-field plant diversification exerted the strongest effects on pollinators and predators, suggesting these management schemes can facilitate ecosystem service providers without augmenting herbivore (pest) populations. Our results suggest that organic farming and plant diversification promote diverse arthropod metacommunities that may provide temporal and spatial stability of ecosystem service provisioning. Conserving diverse plant and arthropod communities in farming systems therefore requires sustainable practices that operate both within fields and across landscapes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elinor M Lichtenberg
- Department of Entomology, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, USA
- Department of Ecology & Evolutionary Biology, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | | | - Claire Kremen
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Policy and Management, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Péter Batáry
- Agroecology, University of Goettingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Frank Berendse
- Nature Conservation and Plant Ecology Group, Wageningen University, Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - Riccardo Bommarco
- Department of Ecology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Nilsa A Bosque-Pérez
- Department of Entomology, Plant Pathology and Nematology, University of Idaho, Moscow, ID, USA
| | - Luísa G Carvalheiro
- Departamento de Ecologia, Universidade de Brasília, Brasília, Brazil
- Center for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Changes (CE3C), Faculdade de Ciencias, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - William E Snyder
- Department of Entomology, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, USA
| | - Neal M Williams
- Department of Entomology and Nematology, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Rachael Winfree
- Department of Ecology, Evolution and Natural Resources, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
| | - Björn K Klatt
- Agroecology, University of Goettingen, Göttingen, Germany
- Centre for Environmental and Climate Research, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
- Department of Biology, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Sandra Åström
- Norwegian Institute for Nature Research (NINA), Trondheim, Norway
| | - Faye Benjamin
- Department of Ecology, Evolution and Natural Resources, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
| | - Claire Brittain
- Department of Entomology and Nematology, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | | | - Yann Clough
- Centre for Environmental and Climate Research, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Bryan Danforth
- Department of Entomology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - Tim Diekötter
- Department of Landscape Ecology, Kiel University, Kiel, Germany
| | - Sanford D Eigenbrode
- Department of Entomology, Plant Pathology and Nematology, University of Idaho, Moscow, ID, USA
| | - Johan Ekroos
- Centre for Environmental and Climate Research, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Elizabeth Elle
- Department of Biological Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC, Canada
| | - Breno M Freitas
- Departamento de Zootecnia, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Yuki Fukuda
- Centres for the Study of Agriculture Food and Environment, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | | | - Heather Grab
- Department of Entomology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - Claudio Gratton
- Department of Entomology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Andrea Holzschuh
- Department of Animal Ecology and Tropical Biology, Biocenter, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Rufus Isaacs
- Department of Entomology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Marco Isaia
- Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Shalene Jha
- Department of Integrative Biology, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
| | - Dennis Jonason
- Department of Physical Geography, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Vincent P Jones
- Department of Entomology, Tree Fruit Research and Extension Center, Washington State University, Wenatchee, WA, USA
| | - Alexandra-Maria Klein
- Nature Conservation and Landscape Ecology, Faculty of Environment and Natural Resources, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Jochen Krauss
- Department of Animal Ecology and Tropical Biology, Biocenter, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Deborah K Letourneau
- Department of Environmental Studies, University of California, Santa Cruz, CA, USA
| | | | - Rachel E Mallinger
- Department of Entomology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Emily A Martin
- Department of Animal Ecology and Tropical Biology, Biocenter, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | | | - Jane Memmott
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | | | - Lisa Neame
- Alberta Environment and Parks, Regional Planning Branch, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Mark Otieno
- Department of Agricultural Resource Management, Embu University College, Embu, Kenya
| | - Mia G Park
- Department of Entomology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
- Department of Humanities & Integrated Studies, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, ND, USA
| | - Lukas Pfiffner
- Department of Crop Science, Research Institute of Organic Agriculture, Frick, Switzerland
| | | | - Carlos Ponce
- Department of Evolutionary Ecology, Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales, CSIC, Madrid, Spain
| | - Simon G Potts
- Centre for Agri-Environmental Research, School of Agriculture, Policy and Development, University of Reading, Reading, UK
| | - Katja Poveda
- Department of Entomology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - Mariangie Ramos
- Department of Agricultural Technology, University of Puerto Rico at Utuado, Utuado, PR, USA
| | - Jay A Rosenheim
- Department of Entomology and Nematology, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Maj Rundlöf
- Department of Biology, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Hillary Sardiñas
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Policy and Management, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Manu E Saunders
- Institute for Land Water & Society, Charles Sturt University, Albury, NSW, Australia
| | - Nicole L Schon
- AgResearch, Lincoln Research Centre, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Amber R Sciligo
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Policy and Management, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - C Sheena Sidhu
- University of California Cooperative Extension, San Mateo & San Francisco Counties, Half Moon Bay, CA, USA
| | - Ingolf Steffan-Dewenter
- Department of Animal Ecology and Tropical Biology, Biocenter, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | | | - Milan Veselý
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Palacký University, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Wolfgang W Weisser
- Terrestrial Ecology Research Group, Department for Ecology and Ecosystem Management, School of Life Sciences Weihenstephan, Technical University of Munich, Freising, Germany
| | - Julianna K Wilson
- Department of Entomology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - David W Crowder
- Department of Entomology, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, USA
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11
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Gibbs J, Joshi NK, Wilson JK, Rothwell NL, Powers K, Haas M, Gut L, Biddinger DJ, Isaacs R. Does Passive Sampling Accurately Reflect the Bee (Apoidea: Anthophila) Communities Pollinating Apple and Sour Cherry Orchards? Environ Entomol 2017; 46:579-588. [PMID: 28379550 DOI: 10.1093/ee/nvx069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2016] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
During bloom of spring orchard crops, bees are the primary providers of pollination service. Monitoring these insects for research projects is often done by timed observations or by direct aerial netting, but there has been increasing interest in blue vane traps as an efficient passive approach to collecting bees. Over multiple spring seasons in Michigan and Pennsylvania, orchards were monitored for wild bees using timed netting from crop flowers and blue vane traps. This revealed a distinctly different community of wild bees captured using the two methods, suggesting that blue vane traps can complement but cannot replace direct aerial netting. The bee community in blue vane traps was generally composed of nonpollinating species, which can be of interest for broader biodiversity studies. In particular, blue vane traps caught Eucera atriventris (Smith), Eucera hamata (Bradley), Bombus fervidus (F.), and Agapostemon virescens (F.) that were never collected from the orchard crop flowers during the study period. Captures of bee species in nets was generally stable across the 3 yr, whereas we observed significant declines in the abundance of Lasioglossum pilosum (Smith) and Eucera spp. trapped using blue vane traps during the project, suggesting local overtrapping of reproductive individuals. We conclude that blue vane traps are a useful tool for expanding insights into bee communities within orchard crop systems, but they should be used with great caution to avoid local extirpation of these important insects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason Gibbs
- Department of Entomology, Michigan State University, 570 Wilson Rd., East Lansing, MI 48824 ( ; ; ; ; )
- Current Address: Department of Entomology, University of Manitoba, 12 Dafoe Rd., Winnipeg, Manitoba, R3T 2N2, Canada
| | - Neelendra K Joshi
- Department of Entomology, Penn State University, 501 ASI Bldg., University Park, Pennsylvania, PA 16802 ( ; )
- Department of Entomology, University of Arkansas, 319 Agricultural Bldg., Fayetteville, Arkansas, 72701
| | - Julianna K Wilson
- Department of Entomology, Michigan State University, 570 Wilson Rd., East Lansing, MI 48824 (; ; ; ; )
| | - Nikki L Rothwell
- Northwest Michigan Horticultural Research Center, Michigan State University, 6686?S. Center Highway, Traverse City, Michigan, 49684 (; )
| | - Karen Powers
- Northwest Michigan Horticultural Research Center, Michigan State University, 6686?S. Center Highway, Traverse City, Michigan, 49684 (; )
| | - Mike Haas
- Department of Entomology, Michigan State University, 570 Wilson Rd., East Lansing, MI 48824 (; ; ; ; )
| | - Larry Gut
- Department of Entomology, Michigan State University, 570 Wilson Rd., East Lansing, MI 48824 (; ; ; ; )
| | - David J Biddinger
- Department of Entomology, Penn State University, 501 ASI Bldg., University Park, Pennsylvania, PA 16802 (; )
| | - Rufus Isaacs
- Department of Entomology, Michigan State University, 570 Wilson Rd., East Lansing, MI 48824 (; ; ; ; )
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Wilson JK, Woods HA. Protection via parasitism: Datura odors attract parasitoid flies, which inhibit Manduca larvae from feeding and growing but may not help plants. Oecologia 2015; 179:1159-71. [PMID: 26298191 DOI: 10.1007/s00442-015-3419-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2015] [Accepted: 07/31/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Insect carnivores frequently use olfactory cues from plants to find prey or hosts. For plants, the benefits of attracting parasitoids have been controversial, partly because parasitoids often do not kill their host insect immediately. Furthermore, most research has focused on the effects of solitary parasitoids on growth and feeding of hosts, even though many parasitoids are gregarious (multiple siblings inhabit the same host). Here, we examine how a gregarious parasitoid, the tachinid fly Drino rhoeo, uses olfactory cues from the host plant Datura wrightii to find the sphingid herbivore Manduca sexta, and how parasitism affects growth and feeding of host larvae. In behavioral trials using a Y-olfactometer, female flies were attracted to olfactory cues emitted by attacked plants and by cues emitted from the frass produced by larval Manduca sexta. M. sexta caterpillars that were parasitized by D. rhoeo grew to lower maximum weights, grew more slowly, and ate less of their host plant. We also present an analytical model to predict how tri-trophic interactions change with varying herbivory levels, parasitization rates and plant sizes. This model predicted that smaller plants gain a relatively greater benefit compared to large plants in attracting D. rhoeo. By assessing the behavior, the effects of host performance, and the variation in ecological parameters of the system, we can better understand the complex interactions between herbivorous insects, the plants they live on and the third trophic level members that attack them.
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Affiliation(s)
- J K Wilson
- University of Montana, Missoula, MT, USA.
| | - H A Woods
- University of Montana, Missoula, MT, USA
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13
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Werling BP, Dickson TL, Isaacs R, Gaines H, Gratton C, Gross KL, Liere H, Malmstrom CM, Meehan TD, Ruan L, Robertson BA, Robertson GP, Schmidt TM, Schrotenboer AC, Teal TK, Wilson JK, Landis DA. Perennial grasslands enhance biodiversity and multiple ecosystem services in bioenergy landscapes. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2014; 111:1652-7. [PMID: 24474791 PMCID: PMC3910622 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1309492111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 124] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Agriculture is being challenged to provide food, and increasingly fuel, for an expanding global population. Producing bioenergy crops on marginal lands--farmland suboptimal for food crops--could help meet energy goals while minimizing competition with food production. However, the ecological costs and benefits of growing bioenergy feedstocks--primarily annual grain crops--on marginal lands have been questioned. Here we show that perennial bioenergy crops provide an alternative to annual grains that increases biodiversity of multiple taxa and sustain a variety of ecosystem functions, promoting the creation of multifunctional agricultural landscapes. We found that switchgrass and prairie plantings harbored significantly greater plant, methanotrophic bacteria, arthropod, and bird diversity than maize. Although biomass production was greater in maize, all other ecosystem services, including methane consumption, pest suppression, pollination, and conservation of grassland birds, were higher in perennial grasslands. Moreover, we found that the linkage between biodiversity and ecosystem services is dependent not only on the choice of bioenergy crop but also on its location relative to other habitats, with local landscape context as important as crop choice in determining provision of some services. Our study suggests that bioenergy policy that supports coordinated land use can diversify agricultural landscapes and sustain multiple critical ecosystem services.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ben P. Werling
- Department of Entomology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824
- Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center, US Department of Energy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824
| | - Timothy L. Dickson
- Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center, US Department of Energy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824
- Department of Biology, University of Nebraska at Omaha, Omaha, NE 68182
| | - Rufus Isaacs
- Department of Entomology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824
- Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center, US Department of Energy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824
| | - Hannah Gaines
- Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center, US Department of Energy, University of Wisconsin–Madison, Madison, WI 53706
- Department of Entomology, University of Wisconsin–Madison, Madison, WI 53706
| | - Claudio Gratton
- Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center, US Department of Energy, University of Wisconsin–Madison, Madison, WI 53706
- Department of Entomology, University of Wisconsin–Madison, Madison, WI 53706
| | - Katherine L. Gross
- Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center, US Department of Energy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824
- W. K. Kellogg Biological Station, Michigan State University, Hickory Corners, MI 49060
- Department of Plant Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824
| | - Heidi Liere
- Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center, US Department of Energy, University of Wisconsin–Madison, Madison, WI 53706
- Department of Entomology, University of Wisconsin–Madison, Madison, WI 53706
| | - Carolyn M. Malmstrom
- Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center, US Department of Energy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824
- Department of Plant Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824
| | - Timothy D. Meehan
- Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center, US Department of Energy, University of Wisconsin–Madison, Madison, WI 53706
- Department of Entomology, University of Wisconsin–Madison, Madison, WI 53706
| | - Leilei Ruan
- Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center, US Department of Energy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824
- W. K. Kellogg Biological Station, Michigan State University, Hickory Corners, MI 49060
- Department of Plant, Soil and Microbial Sciences, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824
| | - Bruce A. Robertson
- Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center, US Department of Energy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824
- Division of Science, Mathematics and Computing, Bard College, Annandale-on-Hudson, NY 12504
| | - G. Philip Robertson
- Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center, US Department of Energy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824
- W. K. Kellogg Biological Station, Michigan State University, Hickory Corners, MI 49060
- Department of Plant, Soil and Microbial Sciences, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824
| | - Thomas M. Schmidt
- Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center, US Department of Energy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109
| | - Abbie C. Schrotenboer
- Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center, US Department of Energy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824
- Department of Biology, Trinity Christian College, Palos Heights, IL 60463; and
| | - Tracy K. Teal
- Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center, US Department of Energy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824
- Department of Microbiology and Microbial Genetics, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824
| | - Julianna K. Wilson
- Department of Entomology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824
- Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center, US Department of Energy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824
| | - Douglas A. Landis
- Department of Entomology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824
- Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center, US Department of Energy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824
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Kennedy CM, Lonsdorf E, Neel MC, Williams NM, Ricketts TH, Winfree R, Bommarco R, Brittain C, Burley AL, Cariveau D, Carvalheiro LG, Chacoff NP, Cunningham SA, Danforth BN, Dudenhöffer JH, Elle E, Gaines HR, Garibaldi LA, Gratton C, Holzschuh A, Isaacs R, Javorek SK, Jha S, Klein AM, Krewenka K, Mandelik Y, Mayfield MM, Morandin L, Neame LA, Otieno M, Park M, Potts SG, Rundlöf M, Saez A, Steffan-Dewenter I, Taki H, Viana BF, Westphal C, Wilson JK, Greenleaf SS, Kremen C. A global quantitative synthesis of local and landscape effects on wild bee pollinators in agroecosystems. Ecol Lett 2013; 16:584-99. [DOI: 10.1111/ele.12082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 693] [Impact Index Per Article: 63.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2012] [Revised: 10/09/2012] [Accepted: 01/10/2013] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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15
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Mack CM, Smith PA, Athanacio JR, Xu K, Wilson JK, Reynolds JM, Jodka CM, Lu MGW, Parkes DG. Glucoregulatory effects and prolonged duration of action of davalintide: a novel amylinomimetic peptide. Diabetes Obes Metab 2011; 13:1105-13. [PMID: 21733060 DOI: 10.1111/j.1463-1326.2011.01465.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Davalintide is a second-generation amylinomimetic peptide possessing enhanced pharmacological properties over rat amylin to reduce food intake in preclinical models. The current experiments in rats describe additional glucoregulatory actions of davalintide consistent with amylin agonism, and explore the duration of action of these effects. METHODS Subcutaneous (SC) injection of davalintide slowed gastric emptying with equal potency to amylin (ED₅₀'s = 2.3 and 4.1 µg/kg). This effect was maintained for 8 h with davalintide, but not amylin. Intraperitoneal injection of davalintide also reduced food intake with a potency similar to amylin (ED₅₀'s = 5.0 and 11.3 µg/kg). Consistent with amylin agonism, davalintide (10 µg/kg, SC) suppressed the plasma glucagon response over 90 min following an intravenous arginine bolus in anaesthetized rats. The elimination t(½) of davalintide (200 µg/kg, SC) was 26 min, similar to the t(½) of amylin, suggesting that pharmacokinetic-independent mechanisms contribute to davalintide's enhanced duration of action. Binding kinetic studies using ¹²⁵I davalintide revealed no appreciable dissociation from the amylin nucleus accumbens receptor after 7 h while ¹²⁵I rat amylin did dissociate from this receptor (K(off) = 0.013/min). Sustained SC infusion of davalintide (275 µg/kg/day) or amylin (300) decreased plasma glucose after an oral glucose challenge at 2 weeks (by 27 and 31%) and suppressed gastric emptying at 3 weeks (by 29 and 47%), demonstrating durable glucoregulatory actions of both peptides. CONCLUSIONS These data show glucoregulatory properties of davalintide consistent with amylin agonism and suggest that slowed receptor dissociation plays a role in davalintide's prolonged pharmacodynamic actions.
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Affiliation(s)
- C M Mack
- Amylin Pharmaceuticals, Inc., San Diego, CA, USA
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16
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Mack CM, Soares CJ, Wilson JK, Athanacio JR, Turek VF, Trevaskis JL, Roth JD, Smith PA, Gedulin B, Jodka CM, Roland BL, Adams SH, Lwin A, Herich J, Laugero KD, Vu C, Pittner R, Paterniti JR, Hanley M, Ghosh S, Parkes DG. Davalintide (AC2307), a novel amylin-mimetic peptide: enhanced pharmacological properties over native amylin to reduce food intake and body weight. Int J Obes (Lond) 2009; 34:385-95. [PMID: 19935749 DOI: 10.1038/ijo.2009.238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The current set of studies describe the in vivo metabolic actions of the novel amylin-mimetic peptide davalintide (AC2307) in rodents and compares these effects with those of the native peptide. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS The anti-obesity effects of davalintide were examined after intraperitoneal injection or sustained peripheral infusion through subcutaneously implanted osmotic pumps. The effect of davalintide on food intake after lesioning of the area postrema (AP) and neuronal activation as measured by c-Fos, were also investigated. RESULTS Similar to amylin, davalintide bound with high affinity to amylin, calcitonin and calcitonin gene-related peptide receptors. Acutely, davalintide displayed greater suppression of dark-cycle feeding and an extended duration of action compared with amylin (23 versus 6 h). Davalintide had no effect on locomotor activity or kaolin consumption at doses that decreased food intake. Davalintide-induced weight loss through infusion was dose dependent, durable up to 8 weeks, fat-specific and lean-sparing, and was associated with a shift in food preference away from high-fat (palatable) chow. Metabolic rate was maintained during active weight loss. Both davalintide and amylin failed to suppress food intake after lesioning of the AP and activated similar brain nuclei, with davalintide displaying an extended duration of c-Fos expression compared with amylin (8 versus 2 h). CONCLUSION Davalintide displayed enhanced in vivo metabolic activity over amylin while retaining the beneficial properties possessed by the native molecule. In vitro receptor binding, c-Fos expression and AP lesion studies suggest that the metabolic actions of davalintide and amylin occur through activation of similar neuronal pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- C M Mack
- Amylin Pharmaceuticals, San Diego, CA, USA
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18
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Mack CM, Moore CX, Jodka CM, Bhavsar S, Wilson JK, Hoyt JA, Roan JL, Vu C, Laugero KD, Parkes DG, Young AA. Antiobesity action of peripheral exenatide (exendin-4) in rodents: effects on food intake, body weight, metabolic status and side-effect measures. Int J Obes (Lond) 2006; 30:1332-40. [PMID: 16534527 DOI: 10.1038/sj.ijo.0803284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Exenatide (exendin-4) is an incretin mimetic currently marketed as an antidiabetic agent for patients with type 2 diabetes. In preclinical models, a reduction in body weight has also been shown in low-fat-fed, leptin receptor-deficient rodents. OBJECTIVE To more closely model the polygenic and environmental state of human obesity, we characterized the effect of exenatide on food intake and body weight in high-fat-fed, normal (those with an intact leptin signaling system) rodents. As glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonism has been found to elicit behaviors associated with visceral illness in rodents, we also examined the effect of peripheral exenatide on kaolin consumption and locomotor activity. METHODS AND RESULTS High-fat-fed C57BL/6 mice and Sprague-Dawley rats were treated with exenatide (3, 10 and 30 microg/kg/day) for 4 weeks via subcutaneously implanted osmotic pumps. Food intake and body weight were assessed weekly. At 4 weeks, body composition and plasma metabolic profiles were measured. Kaolin consumption and locomotor activity were measured in fasted Sprague-Dawley rats following a single intraperitoneal injection of exenatide (0.1-10 microg/kg). Exenatide treatment in mice and rats dose-dependently decreased food intake and body weight; significant reductions in body weight gain were observed throughout treatment at 10 and 30 microg/kg/day (P<0.05). Decreased body weight gain was associated with a significant decrease in fat mass (P<0.05) with sparing of lean tissue. Plasma cholesterol, triglycerides and insulin were also significantly reduced (P<0.05). Exenatide at 10 microg/kg significantly reduced food intake (P<0.05) but failed to induce kaolin intake. In general, locomotor activity was reduced at doses of exenatide that decreased food intake, although a slightly higher dose was required to produce significant changes in activity. CONCLUSION Systemic exenatide reduces body weight gain in normal, high-fat-fed rodents, a model that parallels human genetic variation and food consumption patterns, and may play a role in metabolic pathways mediating food intake.
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Affiliation(s)
- C M Mack
- Amylin Pharmaceuticals Inc., San Diego, CA 92121, USA.
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Abstract
PURPOSE A common disorder encountered by healthcare specialists is carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS). CTS is a neuropathy disorder caused by compression on the median nerve. METHOD Currently, there are several treatment methods for CTS such as: (1) non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs); (2) injection of medications; (3) immobilization by splinting; (4) rehabilitation modalities (therapeutic ultrasound, ASTM AdvantEDGE, stretching and strengthening); and (5) surgery by carpal tunnel release. RESULTS While NSAIDs, injections, and splinting have shown promise in relieving symptoms, long-term outcomes have been poor. CONCLUSION This article provides a background in current treatment methods and an insight into the focal point of the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- J K Wilson
- Central Indiana Sports Medicine, 3600 West Bethel Avenue, Muncie, Indiana, USA.
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20
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE To compare different types of rehabilitation for anterior knee pain. DESIGN Prospective, randomized, blinded, and controlled study of 64 participants with anterior knee pain. SETTING Outpatient rehabilitation clinic and testing laboratory. PARTICIPANTS Participants were assigned in randomized fashion to three rehabilitation groups: traditional home rehabilitation (n = 20); physical therapy (n = 21); and home rehabilitation with a modified vastus medialis obliquis (VMO) specific straight leg raise (Muncie method; n = 23). INTERVENTIONS AND MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Clinical data was obtained at 0, 2, 6, and 12 weeks. Cybex testing was performed at 0, 6, and 12 weeks. RESULTS Clinical outcome for the Muncie method indicated a statistically significant improvement in subjective pain and functional impairment ratings. Cybex testing in patients using the Muncie method demonstrated a statistically significant improvement in pain-free isometric contractions and maximum voluntary contraction. There were no significant differences between traditional home therapy and physical therapy. CONCLUSION Findings suggest that the Muncie method results in improved clinical outcome at a lower cost than traditional home and physical therapy and possibly improved VMO/quadriceps muscle balance. Patients with anterior knee pain may benefit from applying the Muncie method in a home therapy program.
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Affiliation(s)
- M B Roush
- Central Indiana Sports Medicine, Muncie, USA
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Abstract
Lateral epicondylitis is a common problem among physically active individuals. One of the most important roles of the clinician is to provide the most effective rehabilitation intervention for the injured athlete and the physically active individual. Over 40 different treatment methods for lateral epicondylitis have been reported in the literature. Initially, lateral epicondylitis can be treated with rest, ice, tennis brace and/or injections. Injections are one of the most popular methods utilised, with a high success rate. However, when the condition is chronic or not responding to initial treatment, physical therapy is initiated. Common rehabilitation modalities utilised are ultrasound, phonophoresis, electrical stimulation, manipulation, soft tissue mobilisation, neural tension, friction massage, augmented soft tissue mobilisation (ASTM) and stretching and strengthening exercise. ASTM is becoming a more popular modality due to the detection of changes in the soft tissue texture as the patient progresses through the rehabilitation process. Other new modalities include laser and acupuncture. As a last resort for chronic or resistant cases, lateral epicondylitis may undergo surgery. Scientific research has found that all these methods have been inconsistently effective in treating lateral epicondylitis. Therefore, further research efforts are needed to determine which method is more effective.
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Affiliation(s)
- T L Sevier
- Ball Memorial Sports Medicine Fellowship, Muncie, Indiana, USA
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Common AA, Pressacco J, Wilson JK. Internal mammary artery aneurysm in Marfan syndrome: case report. Can Assoc Radiol J 1999; 50:47-50. [PMID: 10047752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/11/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- A A Common
- Department of Medical Imaging, University of Toronto, St. Michael's Hospital, ON.
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Abstract
Who is fighting for the right to die? Past literature has been mixed as to the membership of this social movement. In the current study, 6,398 Hemlock Society members were surveyed in an effort to answer questions concerning who is participating in the right to die movement, whether these participants are rapidly approaching their own death or reacting to the death of a loved one, and whether the movement is invigorated by singular activists. The findings indicate that older, white, wealthy, highly educated, economically and politically active women are in the forefront of the right to die movement. These women report currently being mentally and physically healthy, yet already having taken the steps that will allow them to have an element of control over their death. Finally, right to die support seems to be part of a larger collective network concerning health care and political policy issues.
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Affiliation(s)
- J K Wilson
- Department of Geography, Political Science and Sociology, University of Central Arkansas, Conway 72035, USA.
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Abstract
The misty (m) coat color mutation is commonly maintained in linkage disequilibrium with the obesity mutation diabetes (Leprdb) to serve as a marker for Leprdb genotype. Comparisons among Leprdb genotypes are made under the untested assumption that m has no effects on traits under investigation. We tested this assumption in a population segregating m in the absence of db. Analysis of growth curves revealed that m/m mice are smaller than M/M mice by the 2nd wk of life and remain smaller through the 5th wk of life. Analysis of variance of three traits measured at 35 days of age revealed that m/m mice are 8% shorter than M/M mice, weigh 15% less, and have 21% less inguinal adipose mass. These results indicate that m affects growth traits. Therefore, when m and Leprdb segregate in the same cross, interpretation of their effects is confounded by linkage. More accurate estimates of Leprdb genotype effects can be made by removing m from populations segregating Leprdb and using a direct assay to measure Leprdb genotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- G E Truett
- Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70808, USA
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Melham TJ, Sevier TL, Malnofski MJ, Wilson JK, Helfst RH. Chronic ankle pain and fibrosis successfully treated with a new noninvasive augmented soft tissue mobilization technique (ASTM): a case report. Med Sci Sports Exerc 1998; 30:801-4. [PMID: 9624634 DOI: 10.1097/00005768-199806000-00004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
This clinical case report demonstrates the clinical effectiveness of a new form of soft tissue mobilization in the treatment of excessive connective tissue fibrosis (scar tissue) around an athlete's injured ankle. The scar tissue was causing the athlete to have pain with activity, pain on palpation of the ankle, decreased range of motion, and loss of function. Surgery and several months of conventional physical therapy failed to alleviate the athlete's symptoms. As a final resort, augmented soft tissue mobilization (ASTM) was administered. ASTM is an alternative nonsurgical treatment modality that is being researched at Performance Dynamics (Muncip, IN). ASTM is a process that uses ergonomically designed instruments that assist therapists in the rapid localization and effective treatment of areas exhibiting excessive soft tissue fibrosis. This is followed by a stretching and strengthening program. Upon the completion of 6 wk of ASTM therapy, the athlete had no pain and had regained full range of motion and function. This case report is an example of how a noninvasive augmented form of soft tissue mobilization (ASTM) demonstrated impressive clinical results in treating a condition caused by connective tissue fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- T J Melham
- Ball Memorial Hospital, Muncie, IN 47304, USA
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Roy HJ, Lovejoy JC, Keenan MJ, Bray GA, Windhauser MM, Wilson JK. Substrate oxidation and energy expenditure in athletes and nonathletes consuming isoenergetic high- and low-fat diets. Am J Clin Nutr 1998; 67:405-11. [PMID: 9497183 DOI: 10.1093/ajcn/67.3.405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Changes in substrate oxidation with isoenergetic high-carbohydrate (HC) and high-fat (HF) diets in male nonathletic subjects, aerobically trained athletes, and weight-trained athletes were examined in a crossover study. A whole-room respiration chamber was used to measure 24-h energy expenditure (EE) and substrate oxidation with control, HC, or HF diets for 7 d. The nonathletic group had higher 24-h EE (P < 0.05), exercise EE (P < 0.03), and resting metabolic rate (P < 0.04) than did the aerobically trained athletes when these measurements were corrected for lean body mass. Fat oxidation was significantly correlated with lean body mass and diet. However, athletic status had no effect on substrate oxidation. Carbohydrate oxidation across groups increased acutely by 23% after 24 h of the HC diet (P < 0.0001). Carbohydrate balance increased significantly over time with the HC diet (P < 0.002) and decreased acutely after return to the control diet (P < 0.0001). With the HF diet, carbohydrate balance increased and was significantly different from balance with the control diet by day 7 (P < 0.03). Fat balance decreased significantly with both the HF (P < 0.04) and HC (P = 0.0075) diets by day 7. Carbohydrate oxidation correlated with carbohydrate intake with both the control (r = 0.61, P < 0.01) and HC diets (r = 0.59, P < 0.02), but not the HF diet. Fat oxidation was not correlated with fat intake. In conclusion, substrate oxidation in a respiration chamber is significantly affected by diet, but not by prior athletic training.
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Affiliation(s)
- H J Roy
- Pennington Biomedical Research Center and School of Human Ecology, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge 70806, USA.
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Riggins GJ, Markowitz S, Wilson JK, Vogelstein B, Kinzler KW. Absence of secretory phospholipase A2 gene alterations in human colorectal cancer. Cancer Res 1995; 55:5184-6. [PMID: 7585570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
A potent modifying locus of intestinal tumorigenesis in the mouse was recently identified as secretory phospholipase A2 (sPLA2). The human homologue of sPLA2 maps to chromosome 1p35, a region frequently lost in human tumors. To evaluate the possibility that sPLA2 was a tumor suppressor gene that was the target of the 1p loss events, we identified polymorphisms within the human sPLA2 gene. Using these polymorphisms, 31% of 16 colorectal carcinomas were found to lose a sPLA2 allele. However, sequence analysis of the complete coding region of sPLA2 revealed no somatic mutations in the remaining allele of those tumors with allelic loss, nor in 18 additional colorectal cancers. Thus, sPLA2 is within the chromosomal region often lost during colorectal tumorigenesis, but mutations of this gene do not appear to play a major role in colorectal cancer development, and sPLA2 is unlikely to be the 1p35 tumor suppressor.
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Affiliation(s)
- G J Riggins
- Johns Hopkins Oncology Center, Baltimore, Maryland 21231, USA
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Sevier TL, Gehlsen GM, Wilson JK, Stover SA, Helfst RH. TRADITIONAL PHYSICAL THERAPY VS. GRASTON AUGMENTED SOFT TISSUE MOBILIZATION IN TREATMENT OF LATERAL EPICONDYLITIS. Med Sci Sports Exerc 1995. [DOI: 10.1249/00005768-199505001-00299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Ferrara MS, Davis R, Wilson TW, Wilson JK, Myers KS. 275 SHOULDER ISOKINETIC TORQUE PRODUCTION IN ATHLETES WITH DISABILITIES. Med Sci Sports Exerc 1994. [DOI: 10.1249/00005768-199405001-00276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Abstract
Patients who have had the Bentall-DeBono procedure using a composite conduit with a tissue valvular prosthesis pose a great challenge when problems develop with the tissue prosthesis. We herein report the surgical management of one such case, in which the valvular prosthesis was removed and replaced without replacement of the conduit.
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Affiliation(s)
- A L Panos
- Division of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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Abstract
Neutral sodium emissions encircling Jupiter exhibit an intricate and variable structure that is well matched by a simple loss process from Io's atmosphere. These observations imply that fast neutral sodium is created locally in the Io plasma torus, both near Io and as much as 8 hours downstream. Sodium-bearing molecules may be present in Io's upper atmosphere, where they are ionized by the plasma torus and swept downstream. The molecular ions dissociate and dissociatively recombine on a short time scale, releasing neutral fragments into escape trajectories from Jupiter. This theory explains a diverse set of sodium observations, and it implies that molecular reactions (particularly electron impact ionization and dissociation) are important at the top of Io's atmosphere.
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Abstract
We assess the feasibility of using the MTT assay as a measure of cell viability in chemosensitivity testing in ovarian malignancy. The assay utilises the conversion of the tetrazolium salt MTT to formazan by dehydrogenase enzymes in living cells. We show that the optical density of the formazan produced from MTT is directly proportional to the number of live cells tested. Optimum MTT conversion occurred after 4 h incubation and dimethyl sulphoxide was found to be the most suitable solvent for the formazan. Seventy-five samples of ascitic fluid and/or solid tumour were collected from 56 patients with FIGO stage III-IV ovarian adenocarcinoma. Malignant cell suspensions with a viability greater than 75% were prepared from 95% of ascitic fluid and 75% of biopsy samples by simple techniques. The effect of cytotoxic drugs was assessed in 91% of patients included in the study. Variation in drug effect between patients was evident following a 48 h incubation period and was reproducible. Overall platinum and anthraquinone analogues produced the greater effect but resistance did occur. Our results mirrored reported clinical response rates. Only one sample tested against chlorambucil showed any drug effect. As this assay produces results in a high percentage of tests and is rapid and simple it appears suitable for prospective clinical trials to correlate the in vitro results with in vivo response.
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Affiliation(s)
- J K Wilson
- Department of Gynaecology, Pembury Hospital, Kent, UK
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Spohn HE, Coyne L, Wilson JK, Hayes K. Skin-conductance orienting response in chronic schizophrenics: the role of neuroleptics. J Abnorm Psychol 1989. [PMID: 2574203 DOI: 10.1037//0021-843x.98.4.478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The primary aim of this study was to determine whether there is an association between neuroleptic treatment and skin-conductance orienting response (SCOR) nonresponding in chronic schizophrenics. In a design adapted to this purpose, we were unable to demonstrate a relationship between neuroleptics and nonresponding. Although inability to prove the null hypothesis precludes a claim that neuroleptic treatment and SCOR nonresponding are unrelated, internal evidence and prior studies strongly suggest that such a dissociation exists in most chronic schizophrenic nonresponders. We also found stable nonspecific and toxic skin conductance activity differences between SCOR "responders" and "nonresponders" on three occasions of testing. We interpret our results as bearing on state and trait issues in chronic schizophrenics.
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Wilson JK, Lyon GD. Bier block tourniquet pressure. Anesth Analg 1989; 68:823-4. [PMID: 2735551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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Spohn HE, Coyne L, Wilson JK, Hayes K. Skin-conductance orienting response in chronic schizophrenics: The role of neuroleptics. Journal of Abnormal Psychology 1989; 98:478-86. [PMID: 2574203 DOI: 10.1037/0021-843x.98.4.478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
The primary aim of this study was to determine whether there is an association between neuroleptic treatment and skin-conductance orienting response (SCOR) nonresponding in chronic schizophrenics. In a design adapted to this purpose, we were unable to demonstrate a relationship between neuroleptics and nonresponding. Although inability to prove the null hypothesis precludes a claim that neuroleptic treatment and SCOR nonresponding are unrelated, internal evidence and prior studies strongly suggest that such a dissociation exists in most chronic schizophrenic nonresponders. We also found stable nonspecific and toxic skin conductance activity differences between SCOR "responders" and "nonresponders" on three occasions of testing. We interpret our results as bearing on state and trait issues in chronic schizophrenics.
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White KJ, Wilson JK, Barnes A. Sedimented red blood cells. Transfusion 1980; 20:476. [PMID: 7404648 DOI: 10.1046/j.1537-2995.1980.20480260287.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
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Abstract
Jehovah's Witnesses have religious belief precluding the use of blood. Few centers have attempted open-heart surgery bound by such strictures; as a result, availability of therapy for such patients has been limited. Many groups that have extensive experience with hemodilution for cardiopulmonary bypass have noted that these procedures can often be done with little or no use of blood. Our experience with 21 adult patients is presented in this paper.
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Abstract
Angiographic clinical correlations were made in 59 patients with prolapsed mitral leaflet syndrome. Eight had nonejection systolic clicks (group I), 20 had early, mid or late systolic murmurs with or without a systolic click (group II), and 31 had pansystolic murmurs (group III). Isolated prolapse of posterior leaflet (PL) scallops occurred in 42 and 17 had combined leaflet prolapse. The study demonstrated the following: (I) Group II patients usually had isolated PL prolapse with a predominant biscallop involvement while a high incidence of triple scallop prolapse and combined mitral leaflet prolapse occurred in group III. (II) Severe mitral regurgitation and a greater incidence of atrial fibrillation were seen in patients with triscallop prolapse and combined mitral leaflet prolapse. Mitral regurgitation was milder in patients with single and biscallop prolapse and, when severe, was associated with ruptured chordae. (III) ST-T wave abnormalities in the inferior leads were most frequent in patients with isolated PL prolapse. (IV) Systolic and diastolic asynergy occurred in 41 patients, most frequently in group II but also relatively frequently in group III (19 of 31). Segmental anterior dysfunction with normal ejection fraction was found in 18 patients, of whom 13 had early anterior wall relaxation. (V) Patients without asynergy were slightly older than those with it. More in the former group had severe mitral regurgitation and were clinically disabled from it.
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Ranganathan N, Silver MD, Robinson TI, Kostuk WJ, Felderhof CH, Patt NL, Wilson JK, Wigle ED. Angiographic-morphologic correlation in patients with severe mitral regurgitation due to prolapse of the posterior mitral valve leaflet. Circulation 1973; 48:514-8. [PMID: 4726234 DOI: 10.1161/01.cir.48.3.514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Angiographic-morphologic correlation was done on findings in 16 patients with proven prolapse of the posterior mitral leaflet and severe mitral regurgitation. A triscalloped bulge into the left atrium in the left ventriculogram taken in the right anterior oblique projection is caused by prolapse of all three scallops of the posterior mitral leaflet. The prolapsed middle scallop produces a central bulge, the prolapsed posteromedial commissural scallop a posteroinferior bulge ih tne area of the posteromedial commissure, and the prolapsed anterolateral commissural scallop an anterosuperior bulge in the anterolateral commissural area. The latter is often overlapped by the aortic root but if prominent, juts beyond it. Correlation proved that the diagnosis of individual scallop prolapse in this syndrome can be made accurately despite gross mitral regurgitation.
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Suri RK, Yao JK, Wilson JK, Baker CB. Human heart transplantation. J Indian Med Assoc 1972; 58:233-8. [PMID: 4558339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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Peabody HD, Wilson JK. Epidemiologic factors in etiology of chronic respiratory disease. Chest 1971; 59:Suppl:31S+. [PMID: 5575679 DOI: 10.1016/s0012-3692(15)31578-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
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Yao JK, Wilson JK, Casella L, Garvey MB, Douglas FG, Finlayson DC, Hart JT, Selby DA, Baker CB. Human heart transplantation: report of a case. Can Med Assoc J 1969; 101:46-55. [PMID: 20311501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
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Yao JK, Wilson JK, Casella L, Garvey MB, Douglas FG, Finlayson DC, Hart JT, Selby DA, Baker CB. Human heart transplantation: report of a case. Can Med Assoc J 1969; 101:46-7 passim. [PMID: 4902598 PMCID: PMC1946331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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Barkin M, Finlayson DC, Wilson JK, Bailey P, Heslin DJ, Baker CB. Massive pulmonary embolism: successful surgical treatment using cardiopulmonary bypass. Can Med Assoc J 1965; 93:1128-31. [PMID: 5845241 PMCID: PMC1935037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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