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Laurent M, Bougeard S, Caradec L, Ghestem F, Albrecht M, Brown MJF, DE Miranda J, Karise R, Knapp J, Serrano J, Potts SG, Rundlöf M, Schwarz J, Attridge E, Babin A, Bottero I, Cini E, DE LA Rúa P, DI Prisco G, Dominik C, Dzul D, García Reina A, Hodge S, Klein AM, Knauer A, Mand M, Martínez López V, Serra G, Pereira-Peixoto H, Raimets R, Schweiger O, Senapathi D, Stout JC, Tamburini G, Costa C, Kiljanek T, Martel AC, LE S, Chauzat MP. Novel indices reveal that pollinator exposure to pesticides varies across biological compartments and crop surroundings. Sci Total Environ 2024; 927:172118. [PMID: 38569959 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.172118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Revised: 03/28/2024] [Accepted: 03/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024]
Abstract
Declines in insect pollinators have been linked to a range of causative factors such as disease, loss of habitats, the quality and availability of food, and exposure to pesticides. Here, we analysed an extensive dataset generated from pesticide screening of foraging insects, pollen-nectar stores/beebread, pollen and ingested nectar across three species of bees collected at 128 European sites set in two types of crop. In this paper, we aimed to (i) derive a new index to summarise key aspects of complex pesticide exposure data and (ii) understand the links between pesticide exposures depicted by the different matrices, bee species and apple orchards versus oilseed rape crops. We found that summary indices were highly correlated with the number of pesticides detected in the related matrix but not with which pesticides were present. Matrices collected from apple orchards generally contained a higher number of pesticides (7.6 pesticides per site) than matrices from sites collected from oilseed rape crops (3.5 pesticides), with fungicides being highly represented in apple crops. A greater number of pesticides were found in pollen-nectar stores/beebread and pollen matrices compared with nectar and bee body matrices. Our results show that for a complete assessment of pollinator pesticide exposure, it is necessary to consider several different exposure routes and multiple species of bees across different agricultural systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marion Laurent
- Anses, Sophia Antipolis laboratory, Unit of Honeybee Pathology, France
| | - Stéphanie Bougeard
- Anses, Ploufragan-Plouzané-Niort Laboratory, Epidemiology and welfare of pork, France
| | - Lucile Caradec
- CNRS, Statistics and Computer Science Department, L'Institut Agro Rennes-Angers, UMR 6625 IRMAR CNRS, 35042 Rennes Cedex, France
| | - Florence Ghestem
- CNRS, Statistics and Computer Science Department, L'Institut Agro Rennes-Angers, UMR 6625 IRMAR CNRS, 35042 Rennes Cedex, France
| | - Matthias Albrecht
- Agroscope, Agroecology and Environment, Reckenholzstrasse 191, 8046 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Mark J F Brown
- Department of Biological Sciences, School of Life Sciences and the Environment, Royal Holloway University of London, Egham, UK
| | | | - Reet Karise
- Chair of Plant Health, Institute of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Estonian University of Life Sciences, Fr. R. Kreutzwaldi 1a, 51006 Tartu, Estonia
| | - Jessica Knapp
- Department of Biology, Lund University, Lund, Sweden; Department of Botany, School of Natural Sciences, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - José Serrano
- Department of Zoology and Physical Anthropology, Faculty of Veterinary, University of Murcia, 30100 Murcia, Spain
| | - Simon G Potts
- School of Agriculture, Policy and Development, Reading University, RG6 6AR, UK
| | - Maj Rundlöf
- Department of Biology, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Janine Schwarz
- Agroscope, Agroecology and Environment, Reckenholzstrasse 191, 8046 Zurich, Switzerland
| | | | - Aurélie Babin
- Anses, Sophia Antipolis laboratory, Unit of Honeybee Pathology, France
| | - Irene Bottero
- Department of Botany, School of Natural Sciences, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Elena Cini
- School of Agriculture, Policy and Development, Reading University, RG6 6AR, UK
| | - Pilar DE LA Rúa
- Department of Zoology and Physical Anthropology, Faculty of Veterinary, University of Murcia, 30100 Murcia, Spain
| | - Gennaro DI Prisco
- CREA - Research Centre for Agriculture and Environment, Bologna, Italy; Institute for Sustainable Plant Protection, The Italian National Research Council, Napoli, Italy
| | - Christophe Dominik
- Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Dep. Community Ecology, Theodor-Lieser-Strasse 4, 06120 Halle, Germany
| | - Daniel Dzul
- Department of Zoology and Physical Anthropology, Faculty of Veterinary, University of Murcia, 30100 Murcia, Spain
| | - Andrés García Reina
- Department of Zoology and Physical Anthropology, Faculty of Veterinary, University of Murcia, 30100 Murcia, Spain
| | - Simon Hodge
- Department of Botany, School of Natural Sciences, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Alexandra M Klein
- Nature Conservation and Landscape Ecology, University of Freiburg, Germany
| | - Anina Knauer
- Agroscope, Agroecology and Environment, Reckenholzstrasse 191, 8046 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Marika Mand
- Chair of Plant Health, Institute of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Estonian University of Life Sciences, Fr. R. Kreutzwaldi 1a, 51006 Tartu, Estonia
| | - Vicente Martínez López
- Department of Zoology and Physical Anthropology, Faculty of Veterinary, University of Murcia, 30100 Murcia, Spain
| | - Giorgia Serra
- CREA - Research Centre for Agriculture and Environment, Bologna, Italy
| | | | - Risto Raimets
- Chair of Plant Health, Institute of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Estonian University of Life Sciences, Fr. R. Kreutzwaldi 1a, 51006 Tartu, Estonia
| | - Oliver Schweiger
- Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Dep. Community Ecology, Theodor-Lieser-Strasse 4, 06120 Halle, Germany
| | - Deepa Senapathi
- School of Agriculture, Policy and Development, Reading University, RG6 6AR, UK
| | - Jane C Stout
- Department of Botany, School of Natural Sciences, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Giovanni Tamburini
- Nature Conservation and Landscape Ecology, University of Freiburg, Germany
| | - Cecilia Costa
- CREA - Research Centre for Agriculture and Environment, Bologna, Italy
| | - Tomasz Kiljanek
- PIWET, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Veterinary Research Institute, Puławy, Poland
| | | | - Sébastien LE
- CNRS, Statistics and Computer Science Department, L'Institut Agro Rennes-Angers, UMR 6625 IRMAR CNRS, 35042 Rennes Cedex, France
| | - Marie-Pierre Chauzat
- Anses, Sophia Antipolis laboratory, Unit of Honeybee Pathology, France; Paris-Est University, Anses, Laboratory for Animal Health, Maisons-Alfort, France.
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Warschburger P, Gmeiner MS, Bondü R, Klein AM, Busching R, Elsner B. Self-regulation as a resource for coping with developmental challenges during middle childhood and adolescence: the prospective longitudinal PIER YOUTH-study. BMC Psychol 2023; 11:97. [PMID: 37013642 PMCID: PMC10068723 DOI: 10.1186/s40359-023-01140-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/23/2023] [Indexed: 04/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Self-regulation (SR) as the ability to regulate one's own physical state, emotions, cognitions, and behavior, is considered to play a pivotal role in the concurrent and subsequent mental and physical health of an individual. Although SR skills encompass numerous sub-facets, previous research has often focused on only one or a few of these sub-facets, and only rarely on adolescence. Therefore, little is known about the development of the sub-facets, their interplay, and their specific contributions to future developmental outcomes, particularly in adolescence. To fill these research gaps, this study aims to prospectively examine (1) the development of SR and (2) their influence on adolescent-specific developmental outcomes in a large community sample. METHODS/DESIGN Based on previously collected data from the Potsdam Intrapersonal Developmental Risk (PIER) study with three measurement points, the present prospective, longitudinal study aims to add a fourth measurement point (PIERYOUTH). We aim to retain at least 1074 participants now between 16 and 23 years of the initially 1657 participants (6-11 years of age at the first measurement point in 2012/2013; 52.2% female). The study will continue to follow a multi-method (questionnaires, physiological assessments, performance-based computer tasks), multi-facet (assessing various domains of SR), and multi-rater (self-, parent-, and teacher-report) approach. In addition, a broad range of adolescent-specific developmental outcomes is considered. In doing so, we will cover the development of SR and relevant outcomes over the period of 10 years. In addition, we intend to conduct a fifth measurement point (given prolonged funding) to investigate development up to young adulthood. DISCUSSION With its broad and multimethodological approach, PIERYOUTH aims to contribute to a deeper understanding of the development and role of various SR sub-facets from middle childhood to adolescence. The large sample size and low drop-out rates in the first three measurements points form a sound database for our present prospective research. Trial registration German Clinical Trials Register, registration number DRKS00030847.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Warschburger
- Department of Psychology, University of Potsdam, Karl-Liebknecht-Str. 24-25, 14476, Potsdam, Germany.
| | - M S Gmeiner
- Department of Psychology, University of Potsdam, Karl-Liebknecht-Str. 24-25, 14476, Potsdam, Germany
| | - R Bondü
- Psychologische Hochschule Berlin, Am Köllnischen Park 2, 10179, Berlin, Germany
| | - A M Klein
- International Psychoanalytic University Berlin, Stromstraße 1, 10555, Berlin, Germany
| | - R Busching
- Department of Psychology, University of Potsdam, Karl-Liebknecht-Str. 24-25, 14476, Potsdam, Germany
| | - B Elsner
- Department of Psychology, University of Potsdam, Karl-Liebknecht-Str. 24-25, 14476, Potsdam, Germany
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Eckerter T, Braunisch V, Buse J, Klein AM. Open forest successional stages and landscape heterogeneity promote wild bee diversity in temperate forests. Conservat Sci and Prac 2022. [DOI: 10.1111/csp2.12843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Tristan Eckerter
- Chair of Nature Conservation and Landscape Ecology University of Freiburg Freiburg Germany
| | - Veronika Braunisch
- Forest Nature Conservation Forest Research Institute of Baden‐Wuerttemberg FVA Freiburg Germany
- Conservation Biology Institute of Ecology and Evolution, University of Bern Bern Switzerland
| | - Jörn Buse
- Department of Ecological Monitoring Research and Species Conservation, Black Forest National Park Freudenstadt Germany
| | - Alexandra M. Klein
- Chair of Nature Conservation and Landscape Ecology University of Freiburg Freiburg Germany
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Baartmans JMD, van Steensel FJA, Klein AM, Wiers RWHJ, Bögels SM. The role of parental anxiety symptoms in the treatment of childhood social anxiety disorder. Behav Res Ther 2022; 156:104157. [PMID: 35863242 DOI: 10.1016/j.brat.2022.104157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2020] [Revised: 06/17/2022] [Accepted: 06/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The study investigated the role of parental anxiety symptoms in treatment outcomes for children with a primary social anxiety disorder compared to children with other primary anxiety disorders. Participants were 152 children between 7 and 18 years and their parents (146 mothers, 123 fathers). Anxiety was assessed pretreatment, posttreatment, and at three months and one year follow ups. There were no baseline differences in parental anxiety symptoms between the two groups. In both groups parental anxiety symptoms decreased from pretreatment to posttreatment, and only mothers' anxiety symptoms decreased further from posttreatment to the one year follow up. Parental anxiety symptoms before the treatment were not related to the being free of all anxiety diagnoses in the children at posttreatment. However, some indications were found for greater improvements during treatment when parents had higher anxiety symptoms before treatment. Changes in parental anxiety symptoms were found to be related to changes in child anxiety symptoms. This was not found for the total clinical severity of all inclusion anxiety disorders. This relation was visible independently in fathers or mothers, or in groups of children with a primary social anxiety disorder or with another primary anxiety disorder. In conclusion, we did not find clear indications that parental anxiety symptoms explain the differences in treatment outcomes for children with a primary social anxiety disorder compared to children with other primary anxiety disorders. More research with larger samples is needed to draw stronger conclusions.
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Affiliation(s)
- J M D Baartmans
- UvA Minds, Academic Treatment Centre, the Netherlands; Developmental Psychology, University of Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
| | - F J A van Steensel
- Child Development and Education, University of Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - A M Klein
- UvA Minds, Academic Treatment Centre, the Netherlands
| | - R W H J Wiers
- Developmental Psychology, University of Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - S M Bögels
- Child Development and Education, University of Amsterdam, the Netherlands
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Garratt MPD, de Groot GA, Albrecht M, Bosch J, Breeze TD, Fountain MT, Klein AM, McKerchar M, Park M, Paxton RJ, Potts SG, Pufal G, Rader R, Senapathi D, Andersson GKS, Bernauer OM, Blitzer EJ, Boreux V, Campbell AJ, Carvell C, Földesi R, García D, Garibaldi LA, Hambäck PA, Kirkitadze G, Kovács-Hostyánszki A, Martins KT, Miñarro M, O'Connor R, Radzeviciute R, Roquer-Beni L, Samnegård U, Scott L, Vereecken NJ, Wäckers F, Webber SM, Japoshvili G, Zhusupbaeva A. Opportunities to reduce pollination deficits and address production shortfalls in an important insect-pollinated crop. Ecol Appl 2021; 31:e02445. [PMID: 34448315 DOI: 10.1002/eap.2445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2021] [Accepted: 04/06/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Pollinators face multiple pressures and there is evidence of populations in decline. As demand for insect-pollinated crops increases, crop production is threatened by shortfalls in pollination services. Understanding the extent of current yield deficits due to pollination and identifying opportunities to protect or improve crop yield and quality through pollination management is therefore of international importance. To explore the extent of "pollination deficits," where maximum yield is not being achieved due to insufficient pollination, we used an extensive dataset on a globally important crop, apples. We quantified how these deficits vary between orchards and countries and we compared "pollinator dependence" across different apple varieties. We found evidence of pollination deficits and, in some cases, risks of overpollination were even apparent for which fruit quality could be reduced by too much pollination. In almost all regions studied we found some orchards performing significantly better than others in terms of avoiding a pollination deficit and crop yield shortfalls due to suboptimal pollination. This represents an opportunity to improve production through better pollinator and crop management. Our findings also demonstrated that pollinator dependence varies considerably between apple varieties in terms of fruit number and fruit quality. We propose that assessments of pollination service and deficits in crops can be used to quantify supply and demand for pollinators and help to target local management to address deficits although crop variety has a strong influence on the role of pollinators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael P D Garratt
- Centre for Agri-Environmental Research, SAPD, University of Reading, Reading, RG6 6AR, United Kingdom
| | - G Arjen de Groot
- Wageningen Environmental Research (WENR), P.O. Box 47, 6700 AA, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Matthias Albrecht
- Eidgenössisches Departement für Wirtschaft, Agroscope, Reckenholzstrasse 191, CH-8046, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Jordi Bosch
- CREAF, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Vallès, 08193, Catalunya, Spain
| | - Tom D Breeze
- Centre for Agri-Environmental Research, SAPD, University of Reading, Reading, RG6 6AR, United Kingdom
| | | | - Alexandra M Klein
- Chair of Nature Conservation and Landscape Ecology, Albert-Ludwigs-University, 79106, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Megan McKerchar
- Geography, Archaeology and the Environment, University of Worcester, Worcester, WR2 6AJ, United Kingdom
| | - Mia Park
- Department of Biological Sciences, North Dakota State University, Fargo, North Dakota, 58201, USA
| | - Robert J Paxton
- Institute for Biology, Martin Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Hoher Weg 8, Halle (Saale), 06120, Germany
| | - Simon G Potts
- Centre for Agri-Environmental Research, SAPD, University of Reading, Reading, RG6 6AR, United Kingdom
| | - Gesine Pufal
- Chair of Nature Conservation and Landscape Ecology, Albert-Ludwigs-University, 79106, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Romina Rader
- School of Environment and Rural Science, University of New England, Armidale, New South Wales, 2351, Australia
| | - Deepa Senapathi
- Centre for Agri-Environmental Research, SAPD, University of Reading, Reading, RG6 6AR, United Kingdom
| | | | - Olivia M Bernauer
- Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment, Western Sydney University, Richmond, 2753, New South Wales, Australia
| | | | - Virginie Boreux
- Chair of Nature Conservation and Landscape Ecology, Albert-Ludwigs-University, 79106, Freiburg, Germany
| | | | - Claire Carvell
- UK Centre for Ecology & Hydrology, OX10 8BB, Wallingford, United Kingdom
| | - Rita Földesi
- Lendület Ecosystem Services Research Group, Institute of Ecology and Botany, Centre for Ecological Research, 2163, Vácrátót, Hungary
| | - Daniel García
- Depto. Biología de Organismos y Sistemas (Universidad de Oviedo) and Instituto Mixto de Investigación en Biodiversidad (IMIB, CSIC-Universidad de Oviedo-Principado de Asturias), C/Catedrático Rodrigo Uría s/n, Oviedo, E-33006, Asturias, Spain
| | - Lucas A Garibaldi
- Universidad Nacional de Río Negro, Instituto de Investigaciones en Recursos Naturales, Agroecología y Desarrollo Rural, San Carlos de Bariloche, Río Negro, Argentina
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Instituto de Investigaciones en Recursos Naturales, Agroecología y Desarrollo Rural, San Carlos de Bariloche, Río Negro, Argentina
| | - Peter A Hambäck
- Department of Ecology, Environment and Plant Sciences, Stockholm University, 106 91, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Giorgi Kirkitadze
- Institute of Entomology, Agricultural University of Georgia, 0159, Tbilisi, Georgia
| | - Anikó Kovács-Hostyánszki
- Lendület Ecosystem Services Research Group, Institute of Ecology and Botany, Centre for Ecological Research, 2163, Vácrátót, Hungary
| | - Kyle T Martins
- Department of Biology, McGill University, Montréal, H3A 0G4, Québec, Canada
| | - Marcos Miñarro
- Servicio Regional de Investigación y Desarrollo Agroalimentario (SERIDA), Apdo. 13, Villaviciosa, E-33300, Asturias, Spain
| | - Rory O'Connor
- Centre for Agri-Environmental Research, SAPD, University of Reading, Reading, RG6 6AR, United Kingdom
| | - Rita Radzeviciute
- Molecular Evolution and Animal Systematics, Institute of Biology, University of Leipzig, Talstraβe 33, 04103, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Laura Roquer-Beni
- CREAF, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Vallès, 08193, Catalunya, Spain
| | - Ulrika Samnegård
- Department of Ecology, Environment and Plant Sciences, Stockholm University, 106 91, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Biology, Lund University, 223 62, Lund, Sweden
| | - Lorraine Scott
- School of Biological Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, BT9 7BL, Belfast, United Kingdom
| | - Nicolas J Vereecken
- Agroecology Lab, Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Boulevard du Triomphe CP 264/2, B-1050, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Felix Wäckers
- Lancaster Environment Centre, Lancaster University, LA1 4YQ, Lancaster, United Kingdom
| | - Sean M Webber
- Centre for Agri-Environmental Research, SAPD, University of Reading, Reading, RG6 6AR, United Kingdom
| | - George Japoshvili
- Institute of Entomology, Agricultural University of Georgia, 0159, Tbilisi, Georgia
| | - Aigul Zhusupbaeva
- Academy of Public Administration under the President of the Kyrgyz Republic, 237 Panfilova str., Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan
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Andrié RP, Beiert T, Knappe V, Linhart M, Stöckigt F, Klein AM, Ghanem A, Lübkemeier I, Röll W, Nickenig G, Fleischmann BK, Schrickel JW. Treatment with mononuclear cell populations improves post-infarction cardiac function but does not reduce arrhythmia susceptibility. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0208301. [PMID: 30763348 PMCID: PMC6375577 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0208301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2017] [Accepted: 11/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Clinical and experimental data give evidence that transplantation of stem and progenitor cells in myocardial infarction could be beneficial, although the underlying mechanism has remained elusive. Ventricular tachyarrhythmia is the most frequent and potentially lethal complication of myocardial infarction, but the impact of mono nuclear cells on the incidence of ventricular arrhythmia is still not clear. Objective We aimed to characterize the influence of splenic mononuclear cell populations on ventricular arrhythmia after myocardial infarction. Methods We assessed electrical vulnerability in vivo in mice with left ventricular cryoinfarction 14 days after injury and intramyocardial injection of specific subpopulations of mononuclear cells (MNCs) (CD11b-positive cells, Sca-1-positive cells, early endothelial progenitor cells (eEPCs)). As positive control group we used embryonic cardiomyocytes (eCMs). Epicardial mapping was performed for analysing conduction velocities in the border zone. Left ventricular function was quantified by echocardiography and left heart catheterization. Results In vivo pacing protocols induced ventricular tachycardia (VT) in 30% of non-infarcted mice. In contrast, monomorphic or polymorphic VT could be evoked in 94% of infarcted and vehicle-injected mice (p<0.01). Only transplantation of eCMs prevented post-infarction VT and improved conduction velocities in the border zone in accordance to increased expression of connexin 43. Cryoinfarction resulted in a broad aggravation of left ventricular function. All transplanted cell types augmented left ventricular function to a similar extent. Conclusions Transplantation of different MNC populations after myocardial infarction improves left ventricular function similar to effects of eCMs. Prevention of inducible ventricular arrhythmia is only seen after transplantation of eCMs.
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Affiliation(s)
- René P. Andrié
- Department of Cardiology, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
- * E-mail:
| | - Thomas Beiert
- Department of Cardiology, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Vincent Knappe
- Department of Cardiology, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Markus Linhart
- Department of Cardiology, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | | | - Alexandra M. Klein
- Institute of Physiology I, Life & Brain Center, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Alexander Ghanem
- Department of Cardiology, Asklepios Hospital Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Indra Lübkemeier
- LIMES-Institute, Molecular Genetics, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Wilhelm Röll
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Georg Nickenig
- Department of Cardiology, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Bernd K. Fleischmann
- Institute of Physiology I, Life & Brain Center, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
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Ullmann E, Licinio J, Perry SW, White LO, Klein AM, Barthel A, Petrowski K, Stalder T, Oratovski B, von Klitzing K, Bornstein SR, Kirschbaum C. Inherited anxiety-related parent-infant dyads alter LHPA activity. Stress 2019; 22:27-35. [PMID: 30424700 DOI: 10.1080/10253890.2018.1494151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
The pathogenesis of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is incompletely understood. We hypothesize that disruptions in mother-child relations may be a key contributor to development of PTSD. A normal and healthy separation-individuation process requires adaptations of self- and interactive contingency in both the mother and her child, especially in early childhood development. Anxious mothers are prone to overprotection, which may hinder the individuation process in their children. We examined long-term stress hormones and other stress markers in subjects three generations removed from the Holocaust, to assess the long-term consequences of inherited behavioral and physiological responses to prior stress and trauma. Jewish subjects who recalled overprotective parental behavior had higher hairsteroid-concentrations and dampened limbic-hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (LHPA) axis reactivity compared to German and Russian-German subjects with overprotective parents. We suggest that altered LHPA axis activity in maternally overprotected Jewish subjects may indicate a transmitted pathomechanism of "frustrated individuation" resulting from cross-generational anti-Semitic experiences. Thus measurements of hairsteroid-concentrations and parenting practices may have clinical value for diagnosis of PTSD. We propose that this apparent inherited adaptivity of LHPA axis activity could promote higher individual stress resistance, albeit with risk of an allostatic overload.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Ullmann
- a Department of Medicine , Carl Gustav Carus, Technical University of Dresden , Dresden , Germany
- b Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry , Psychotherapy, and Psychosomatics, University of Leipzig , Leipzig , Germany
| | - J Licinio
- c College of Medicine , SUNY Upstate Medical University , New York , NY, USA
| | - S W Perry
- c College of Medicine , SUNY Upstate Medical University , New York , NY, USA
| | - L O White
- b Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry , Psychotherapy, and Psychosomatics, University of Leipzig , Leipzig , Germany
| | - A M Klein
- b Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry , Psychotherapy, and Psychosomatics, University of Leipzig , Leipzig , Germany
- d International Psychoanalytic University Berlin , Berlin, Germany
| | - A Barthel
- a Department of Medicine , Carl Gustav Carus, Technical University of Dresden , Dresden , Germany
- e Medicover , Bochum , Germany
| | - K Petrowski
- f Department of Psychology , University of Witten/Herdecke , Witten/Herdecke , Germany
| | - T Stalder
- g Department of Psychology , Biopsychology, Technical University of Dresden , Dresden , Germany
- h Department of Developmental Psychology , University of Siegen , Siegen , Germany
| | - B Oratovski
- a Department of Medicine , Carl Gustav Carus, Technical University of Dresden , Dresden , Germany
| | - K von Klitzing
- b Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry , Psychotherapy, and Psychosomatics, University of Leipzig , Leipzig , Germany
| | - S R Bornstein
- a Department of Medicine , Carl Gustav Carus, Technical University of Dresden , Dresden , Germany
- i Faculty of Life Sciences & Medicine, Endocrinology and Diabetes , Kings College London , London , UK
| | - C Kirschbaum
- g Department of Psychology , Biopsychology, Technical University of Dresden , Dresden , Germany
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Garibaldi LA, Bartomeus I, Bommarco R, Klein AM, Cunningham SA, Aizen MA, Boreux V, Garratt MPD, Carvalheiro LG, Kremen C, Morales CL, Schüepp C, Chacoff NP, Freitas BM, Gagic V, Holzschuh A, Klatt BK, Krewenka KM, Krishnan S, Mayfield MM, Motzke I, Otieno M, Petersen J, Potts SG, Ricketts TH, Rundlöf M, Sciligo A, Sinu PA, Steffan-Dewenter I, Taki H, Tscharntke T, Vergara CH, Viana BF, Woyciechowski M. EDITOR'S CHOICE: REVIEW: Trait matching of flower visitors and crops predicts fruit set better than trait diversity. J Appl Ecol 2015. [DOI: 10.1111/1365-2664.12530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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Bae YJ, Jaeger S, Stadelmann S, Klein AM, Hiemisch A, Kiess W, Ceglarek U, Gaudl A, Schaab M, Klitzing KV, Thiery J, Döhnert M, Kratzsch J. Comparison of salivary cortisol and cortisone in association with alpha-amylase in children and adolescents with psychiatric disorders. Exp Clin Endocrinol Diabetes 2015. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0035-1547625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Pelykh O, Klein AM, Feist-Pagenstert I, Schlick C, Ilmberger J. Treatment outcome of visual feedback training in an adult patient with habitual toe walking. Eur J Phys Rehabil Med 2014:R33Y9999N00A140367. [PMID: 25296742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Habitual (idiopathic) toe walking (HTW) is not a rare diagnosis in pediatric orthopedic patients, but a relative rare pathology in adults. There are no standard recommendations for treating HTW in adult patients. AIM To investigate the effects of visual feedback training in an adult patient with habitual toe walking HTW. DESIGN case report. SETTING Outpatient rehabilitation department. POPULATION The 52--year--old woman with HTW. METHODS The patient participated in visual feedback training on a treadmill with integrated force plates. A display in front of the patient showed her footprints in synchrony with the treadmill speed so that the patient got dynamic feedback about the pressure of the feet on the ground in real--time on the screen. The training was conducted in 10 sessions of about 40 min within three weeks. Gait analysis (30 sec) and a measurement of the active range of joint motion of the ankle were performed before and after the 3--week treatment period and at follow--up after 3 weeks. RESULTS For both feet, contact time of the heel was increased after the training period, whereas contact time of the forefeet decrease. Also positive changes in the active range of joint motion of the ankle (dorsal extension) were observed in both feet. These positive effects were visible also in the follow--up assessment. CONCLUSIONS It was shown that providing visual feedback about foot pressure patterns is a promising treatment strategy for adult patients with HTW.
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Affiliation(s)
- O Pelykh
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University Clinics Munich, Germany - --muenchen.de
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Paulis LE, Klein AM, Ghanem A, Geelen T, Coolen BF, Breitbach M, Zimmermann K, Nicolay K, Fleischmann BK, Roell W, Strijkers GJ. Embryonic cardiomyocyte, but not autologous stem cell transplantation, restricts infarct expansion, enhances ventricular function, and improves long-term survival. PLoS One 2013; 8:e61510. [PMID: 23585908 PMCID: PMC3621863 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0061510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2012] [Accepted: 03/10/2013] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
AIMS Controversy exists in regard to the beneficial effects of transplanting cardiac or somatic progenitor cells upon myocardial injury. We have therefore investigated the functional short- and long-term consequences after intramyocardial transplantation of these cell types in a murine lesion model. METHODS AND RESULTS Myocardial infarction (MI) was induced in mice (n = 75), followed by the intramyocardial injection of 1-2×10(5) luciferase- and GFP-expressing embryonic cardiomyocytes (eCMs), skeletal myoblasts (SMs), mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) or medium into the infarct. Non-treated healthy mice (n = 6) served as controls. Bioluminescence and fluorescence imaging confirmed the engraftment and survival of the cells up to seven weeks postoperatively. After two weeks MRI was performed, which showed that infarct volume was significantly decreased by eCMs only (14.8±2.2% MI+eCM vs. 26.7±1.6% MI). Left ventricular dilation was significantly decreased by transplantation of any cell type, but most efficiently by eCMs. Moreover, eCM treatment increased the ejection fraction and cardiac output significantly to 33.4±2.2% and 22.3±1.2 ml/min. In addition, this cell type exclusively and significantly increased the end-systolic wall thickness in the infarct center and borders and raised the wall thickening in the infarct borders. Repetitive echocardiography examinations at later time points confirmed that these beneficial effects were accompanied by better survival rates. CONCLUSION Cellular cardiomyoplasty employing contractile and electrically coupling embryonic cardiomyocytes (eCMs) into ischemic myocardium provoked significantly smaller infarcts with less adverse remodeling and improved cardiac function and long-term survival compared to transplantation of somatic cells (SMs and MSCs), thereby proving that a cardiomyocyte phenotype is important to restore myocardial function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonie E. Paulis
- Biomedical NMR, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Alexandra M. Klein
- Institute of Physiology I, Life and Brain Centre, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Alexander Ghanem
- Department of Medicine/Cardiology, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Tessa Geelen
- Biomedical NMR, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Bram F. Coolen
- Biomedical NMR, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Martin Breitbach
- Institute of Physiology I, Life and Brain Centre, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Katrin Zimmermann
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Biomedical Center, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Klaas Nicolay
- Biomedical NMR, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Bernd K. Fleischmann
- Institute of Physiology I, Life and Brain Centre, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Wilhelm Roell
- Institute of Physiology I, Life and Brain Centre, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
- * E-mail: (WR); (GJS)
| | - Gustav J. Strijkers
- Biomedical NMR, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
- * E-mail: (WR); (GJS)
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Kennedy CM, Lonsdorf E, Neel MC, Williams NM, Ricketts TH, Winfree R, Bommarco R, Brittain C, Burley AL, Cariveau D, Carvalheiro LG, Chacoff NP, Cunningham SA, Danforth BN, Dudenhöffer JH, Elle E, Gaines HR, Garibaldi LA, Gratton C, Holzschuh A, Isaacs R, Javorek SK, Jha S, Klein AM, Krewenka K, Mandelik Y, Mayfield MM, Morandin L, Neame LA, Otieno M, Park M, Potts SG, Rundlöf M, Saez A, Steffan-Dewenter I, Taki H, Viana BF, Westphal C, Wilson JK, Greenleaf SS, Kremen C. A global quantitative synthesis of local and landscape effects on wild bee pollinators in agroecosystems. Ecol Lett 2013; 16:584-99. [DOI: 10.1111/ele.12082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 693] [Impact Index Per Article: 63.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2012] [Revised: 10/09/2012] [Accepted: 01/10/2013] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Allan E, Weisser WW, Fischer M, Schulze ED, Weigelt A, Roscher C, Baade J, Barnard RL, Beßler H, Buchmann N, Ebeling A, Eisenhauer N, Engels C, Fergus AJF, Gleixner G, Gubsch M, Halle S, Klein AM, Kertscher I, Kuu A, Lange M, Le Roux X, Meyer ST, Migunova VD, Milcu A, Niklaus PA, Oelmann Y, Pašalić E, Petermann JS, Poly F, Rottstock T, Sabais ACW, Scherber C, Scherer-Lorenzen M, Scheu S, Steinbeiss S, Schwichtenberg G, Temperton V, Tscharntke T, Voigt W, Wilcke W, Wirth C, Schmid B. A comparison of the strength of biodiversity effects across multiple functions. Oecologia 2013; 173:223-37. [DOI: 10.1007/s00442-012-2589-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2012] [Accepted: 12/22/2012] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Roell W, Klein AM, Ottersbach A, Zimmermann K, Sasse P, Pfeifer A, Welz A, Fleischmann BK. Local lentiviral Connexin 43 (Cx43) transduction reduces incidence of post-infarct ventricular tachycardias (VT's) in mouse. Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2013. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0032-1332322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Fischer J, Batáry P, Bawa KS, Brussaard L, Chappell MJ, Clough Y, Daily GC, Dorrough J, Hartel T, Jackson LE, Klein AM, Kremen C, Kuemmerle T, Lindenmayer DB, Mooney HA, Perfecto I, Philpott SM, Tscharntke T, Vandermeer J, Wanger TC, Von Wehrden H. Conservation: limits of land sparing. Science 2012; 334:593; author reply 594-5. [PMID: 22053026 DOI: 10.1126/science.334.6056.593-a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
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Tscharntke T, Tylianakis JM, Rand TA, Didham RK, Fahrig L, Batáry P, Bengtsson J, Clough Y, Crist TO, Dormann CF, Ewers RM, Fründ J, Holt RD, Holzschuh A, Klein AM, Kleijn D, Kremen C, Landis DA, Laurance W, Lindenmayer D, Scherber C, Sodhi N, Steffan-Dewenter I, Thies C, van der Putten WH, Westphal C. Landscape moderation of biodiversity patterns and processes - eight hypotheses. Biol Rev Camb Philos Soc 2012; 87:661-85. [PMID: 22272640 DOI: 10.1111/j.1469-185x.2011.00216.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 652] [Impact Index Per Article: 54.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Teja Tscharntke
- Agroecology, Department of Crop Sciences, Georg-August University, Grisebachstrasse 6, 37077 Göttingen, Germany.
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Garibaldi LA, Steffan-Dewenter I, Kremen C, Morales JM, Bommarco R, Cunningham SA, Carvalheiro LG, Chacoff NP, Dudenhöffer JH, Greenleaf SS, Holzschuh A, Isaacs R, Krewenka K, Mandelik Y, Mayfield MM, Morandin LA, Potts SG, Ricketts TH, Szentgyörgyi H, Viana BF, Westphal C, Winfree R, Klein AM. Stability of pollination services decreases with isolation from natural areas despite honey bee visits. Ecol Lett 2011; 14:1062-72. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1461-0248.2011.01669.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 580] [Impact Index Per Article: 44.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Garibaldi LA, Aizen MA, Cunningham SA, Klein AM. Pollinator shortage and global crop yield: Looking at the whole spectrum of pollinator dependency. Commun Integr Biol 2011; 2:37-9. [PMID: 19704865 DOI: 10.4161/cib.2.1.7425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2008] [Accepted: 11/14/2008] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
A pollinator decline caused by environmental degradation might be compromising the production of pollinator-dependent crops. In a recent article, we compared 45 year series (1961-2006) in yield, production and cultivated area of pollinator-dependent and nondependent crop around the world. If pollinator shortage is occurring globally, we expected a lower annual growth rate in yield for pollinator-dependent than nondependent crops, but a higher growth in cultivated area to compensate the lower yield. We have found little evidence for the first "yield" prediction but strong evidence for the second "area" prediction. Here, we present an additional analysis to show that the first and second predictions are both supported for crops that vary in dependency levels from nondependent to moderate dependence (i.e., up to 65% average yield reduction without pollinators). However, those crops for which animal pollination is essential (i.e., 95% average yield reduction without pollinators) showed higher growth in yield and lower expansion in area than expected in a pollination shortage scenario. We propose that pollination management for highly pollinator-dependent crops, such us renting hives or hand pollination, might have compensated for pollinator limitation of yield.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucas A Garibaldi
- Laboratorio Ecotono; INIBIOMA-CONICET and Centro Regional Bariloche; Universidad Nacional del Comahue; Río Negro, Argentina
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Stumpf D, Klein AM, Welz A, Fleischmann BK, Röll W. Transplantation of embryonic cardiomyocytes reduces post infarct arrhythmias in mice post infarction. Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2011. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0030-1269164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Klein AM, Paulis L, Geelen T, Strijkers G, Welz A, Nicolay K, Fleischmann BK, Röll W. Evaluation of cardiac function by high resolution MRI after cellular cardiomyoplasty. Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2011. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0030-1269111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Wimmer MD, Klein AM, Bostani T, Breitbach M, Fleischmann B, Welz A, Röll W. Cellular integrity of transplanted cells is essential for cellular cardiomyoplasty. Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2010. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0029-1246959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Wenzel D, Knies R, Matthey M, Klein AM, Welschoff J, Stolle V, Sasse P, Röll W, Breuer J, Fleischmann BK. β
2
-Adrenoceptor Antagonist ICI 118,551 Decreases Pulmonary Vascular Tone in Mice via a G
i/o
Protein/Nitric Oxide-Coupled Pathway. Hypertension 2009; 54:157-63. [DOI: 10.1161/hypertensionaha.109.130468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Wenzel
- From the Institute of Physiology I (D.W., M.M., A.M.K., J.W., P.S., W.R., B.K.F.) and Departments of Pediatric Cardiology (R.K., V.S., J.B.) and Cardiac Surgery (A.M.K., W.R.), University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Ralf Knies
- From the Institute of Physiology I (D.W., M.M., A.M.K., J.W., P.S., W.R., B.K.F.) and Departments of Pediatric Cardiology (R.K., V.S., J.B.) and Cardiac Surgery (A.M.K., W.R.), University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Michaela Matthey
- From the Institute of Physiology I (D.W., M.M., A.M.K., J.W., P.S., W.R., B.K.F.) and Departments of Pediatric Cardiology (R.K., V.S., J.B.) and Cardiac Surgery (A.M.K., W.R.), University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Alexandra M. Klein
- From the Institute of Physiology I (D.W., M.M., A.M.K., J.W., P.S., W.R., B.K.F.) and Departments of Pediatric Cardiology (R.K., V.S., J.B.) and Cardiac Surgery (A.M.K., W.R.), University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Julia Welschoff
- From the Institute of Physiology I (D.W., M.M., A.M.K., J.W., P.S., W.R., B.K.F.) and Departments of Pediatric Cardiology (R.K., V.S., J.B.) and Cardiac Surgery (A.M.K., W.R.), University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Vanessa Stolle
- From the Institute of Physiology I (D.W., M.M., A.M.K., J.W., P.S., W.R., B.K.F.) and Departments of Pediatric Cardiology (R.K., V.S., J.B.) and Cardiac Surgery (A.M.K., W.R.), University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Philipp Sasse
- From the Institute of Physiology I (D.W., M.M., A.M.K., J.W., P.S., W.R., B.K.F.) and Departments of Pediatric Cardiology (R.K., V.S., J.B.) and Cardiac Surgery (A.M.K., W.R.), University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Wilhelm Röll
- From the Institute of Physiology I (D.W., M.M., A.M.K., J.W., P.S., W.R., B.K.F.) and Departments of Pediatric Cardiology (R.K., V.S., J.B.) and Cardiac Surgery (A.M.K., W.R.), University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Johannes Breuer
- From the Institute of Physiology I (D.W., M.M., A.M.K., J.W., P.S., W.R., B.K.F.) and Departments of Pediatric Cardiology (R.K., V.S., J.B.) and Cardiac Surgery (A.M.K., W.R.), University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Bernd K. Fleischmann
- From the Institute of Physiology I (D.W., M.M., A.M.K., J.W., P.S., W.R., B.K.F.) and Departments of Pediatric Cardiology (R.K., V.S., J.B.) and Cardiac Surgery (A.M.K., W.R.), University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
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Aizen MA, Garibaldi LA, Cunningham SA, Klein AM. How much does agriculture depend on pollinators? Lessons from long-term trends in crop production. Ann Bot 2009; 103:1579-88. [PMID: 19339297 PMCID: PMC2701761 DOI: 10.1093/aob/mcp076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 219] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2008] [Revised: 01/19/2009] [Accepted: 02/13/2009] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Productivity of many crops benefits from the presence of pollinating insects, so a decline in pollinator abundance should compromise global agricultural production. Motivated by the lack of accurate estimates of the size of this threat, we quantified the effect of total loss of pollinators on global agricultural production and crop production diversity. The change in pollinator dependency over 46 years was also evaluated, considering the developed and developing world separately. METHODS Using the extensive FAO dataset, yearly data were compiled for 1961-2006 on production and cultivated area of 87 important crops, which we classified into five categories of pollinator dependency. Based on measures of the aggregate effect of differential pollinator dependence, the consequences of a complete loss of pollinators in terms of reductions in total agricultural production and diversity were calculated. An estimate was also made of the increase in total cultivated area that would be required to compensate for the decrease in production of every single crop in the absence of pollinators. KEY RESULTS The expected direct reduction in total agricultural production in the absence of animal pollination ranged from 3 to 8 %, with smaller impacts on agricultural production diversity. The percentage increase in cultivated area needed to compensate for these deficits was several times higher, particularly in the developing world, which comprises two-thirds of the land devoted to crop cultivation globally. Crops with lower yield growth tended to have undergone greater expansion in cultivated area. Agriculture has become more pollinator-dependent over time, and this trend is more pronounced in the developing than developed world. CONCLUSIONS We propose that pollination shortage will intensify demand for agricultural land, a trend that will be more pronounced in the developing world. This increasing pressure on supply of agricultural land could significantly contribute to global environmental change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcelo A Aizen
- INIBIOMA-CONICET and Centro Regional Bariloche, Universidad Nacional del Comahue, Río Negro, Argentina.
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Aizen MA, Garibaldi LA, Cunningham SA, Klein AM. Long-term global trends in crop yield and production reveal no current pollination shortage but increasing pollinator dependency. Curr Biol 2008; 18:1572-5. [PMID: 18926704 DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2008.08.066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 399] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2008] [Revised: 07/23/2008] [Accepted: 08/22/2008] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
There is evidence that pollinators are declining as a result of local and global environmental degradation [1-4]. Because a sizable proportion of the human diet depends directly or indirectly on animal pollination [5], the issue of how decreases in pollinator stocks could affect global crop production is of paramount importance [6-8]. Using the extensive FAO data set [9], we compared 45 year series (1961-2006) in yield, and total production and cultivated area of pollinator-dependent and nondependent crops [5]. We investigated temporal trends separately for the developed and developing world because differences in agricultural intensification, and socioeconomic and environmental conditions might affect yield and pollinators [10-13]. Since 1961, crop yield (Mt/ha) has increased consistently at average annual growth rates of approximately 1.5%. Temporal trends were similar between pollinator-dependent and nondependent crops in both the developed and developing world, thus not supporting the view that pollinator shortages are affecting crop yield at the global scale. We further report, however, that agriculture has become more pollinator dependent because of a disproportionate increase in the area cultivated with pollinator-dependent crops. If the trend toward favoring cultivation of pollinator-dependent crops continues, the need for the service provided by declining pollinators will greatly increase in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcelo A Aizen
- Laboratorio Ecotono, INIBIOMA-CONICET and Centro Regional Bariloche, Universidad Nacional del Comahue, Quintral 1250, 8400 Bariloche Río Negro, Argentina.
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Ricketts TH, Regetz J, Steffan-Dewenter I, Cunningham SA, Kremen C, Bogdanski A, Gemmill-Herren B, Greenleaf SS, Klein AM, Mayfield MM, Morandin LA, Ochieng' A, Potts SG, Viana BF. Landscape effects on crop pollination services: are there general patterns? Ecol Lett 2008; 11:499-515. [PMID: 18294214 DOI: 10.1111/j.1461-0248.2008.01157.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 421] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Priess JA, Mimler M, Klein AM, Schwarze S, Tscharntke T, Steffan-Dewenter I. Linking deforestation scenarios to pollination services and economic returns in coffee agroforestry systems. Ecol Appl 2007; 17:407-17. [PMID: 17489248 DOI: 10.1890/05-1795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
The ecological and economic consequences of rain forest conversion and fragmentation for biodiversity, ecosystem functioning, and ecosystem services like protection of soils, water retention, pollination, or biocontrol are poorly understood. In human-dominated tropical landscapes, forest remnants may provide ecosystem services and act as a source for beneficial organisms immigrating into adjacent annual and perennial agro-ecosystems. In this study, we use empirical data on the negative effects of increasing forest distance on both pollinator diversity and fruit set of coffee to estimate future changes in pollination services for different land use scenarios in Sulawesi, Indonesia. Spatially explicit land use simulations demonstrate that depending on the magnitude and location of ongoing forest conversion, pollination services are expected to decline continuously and thus directly reduce coffee yields by up to 18%, and net revenues per hectare up to 14% within the next two decades (compared to average yields of the year 2001). Currently, forests in the study area annually provide pollination services worth 46 Euros per hectare. However, our simulations also revealed a potential win-win constellation, in which ecological and economic values can be preserved, if patches of forests (or other natural vegetation) are maintained in the agricultural landscape, which could be a viable near future option for local farmers and regional land use planners.
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Affiliation(s)
- J A Priess
- Center for Environmental Systems Research, Kassel University, Kurt-Wolters-Strasse, Kassel, Germany.
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Tscharntke T, Klein AM, Kruess A, Steffan-Dewenter I, Thies C. Landscape perspectives on agricultural intensification and biodiversity â ecosystem service management. Ecol Lett 2005. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1461-0248.2005.00782.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2731] [Impact Index Per Article: 143.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Ferrante RJ, Klein AM, Dedeoglu A, Beal MF. Therapeutic efficacy of EGb761 (Gingko biloba extract) in a transgenic mouse model of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. J Mol Neurosci 2001; 17:89-96. [PMID: 11665866 DOI: 10.1385/jmn:17:1:89] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2000] [Accepted: 06/09/2001] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
EGb761 is a standardized extract of green Gingko biloba, which exerts protective effects against mitochondrial damage and oxidative stress. We examined whether oral administration of 0.022% or 0.045% EGb761 in the diet could impart neuroprotective effects in a transgenic mouse model (G93A) of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). EGb761 significantly improved motor performance and survival, and protected against a loss of spinal-cord anterior motor horn neurons in male G93A mutant transgenic ALS mice, but not in littermate female mutant transgene mice. While EGb761 extended survival in littermate female G93A mice, significance was not reached. EGb761, however, significantly improved weight loss in both male and female transgenic ALS mice. These findings provide evidence for a gender-specific neuroprotective effect of EGb761 in a transgenic model of ALS and suggest that EGb761 may be a potential effective treatment in patients with ALS.
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Affiliation(s)
- R J Ferrante
- Geriatric Research Education and Clinical Center, Bedford VA Medical Center, MA 01730, USA.
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Andreassen OA, Ferrante RJ, Klivenyi P, Klein AM, Dedeoglu A, Albers DS, Kowall NW, Beal MF. Transgenic ALS mice show increased vulnerability to the mitochondrial toxins MPTP and 3-nitropropionic acid. Exp Neurol 2001; 168:356-63. [PMID: 11259123 DOI: 10.1006/exnr.2001.7627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases may involve a genetic predisposition acting in concert with environmental toxins. To test this hypothesis we examined whether transgenic mice with the G93A mutation in Cu,Zn superoxide dismutase show increased vulnerability to either 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) or 3-nitropropionic acid (3-NP). Compared to littermate controls G93A transgenic mice showed a greater loss of striatal dopamine, DOPAC, and HVA at 50, 70, and 120 days of age following administration of MPTP; however, cell loss in the substantia nigra was not greater. The G93A transgenic mice showed significantly increased vulnerability to striatal lesions produced by 3-NP compared with littermate controls at 120 days of age. The finding that G93A mice show increased vulnerability to mitochondrial toxins further implicates mitochondrial dysfunction in the pathogenesis of neuronal death in these mice. The findings support the hypothesis that a genetic defect can increase susceptibility to environmental toxins and that this may play a role in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- O A Andreassen
- Neurochemistry Laboratory, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, USA
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30
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Abstract
The cytokine growth-related oncogene-alpha (GRO-alpha) is a potent mediator of leukocyte recruitment and proliferation in inflammatory diseases. We hypothesized that GRO-alpha is produced in the inflammatory nasal polyp microenvironment. Evaluation of nasal polyps from 27 patients for distribution and content of GRO-alpha antigen, by use of immunohistochemical techniques and ELISA, revealed its presence in all 27 tissue samples. It was found predominantly within the eosinophils and neutrophils, with tissue levels ranging from 34 pg/mg total protein (TP) to 1746 pg/mg TP, with a mean value of 631 +/-98 pg/mg TP. Control tissues contained between 82 pg/mg TP and 316 pg/mg TP (mean 176+/-38 pg/mg TP). These results were statistically significant (P<0.03). Clinical correlations and statistical comparisons were calculated. These data suggest that GRO-alpha may be an important factor in the recruitment and activation of leukocytes in nasal polyposis, making it a potential target for therapeutic intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- A M Klein
- Division of Otolaryngology, Department of Surgery, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT 06030-3105, USA
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31
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Andreassen OA, Ferrante RJ, Klivenyi P, Klein AM, Shinobu LA, Epstein CJ, Beal MF. Partial deficiency of manganese superoxide dismutase exacerbates a transgenic mouse model of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Ann Neurol 2000; 47:447-55. [PMID: 10762155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/16/2023]
Abstract
The pathogenesis of neuronal cell death as a consequence of mutations in copper/zinc superoxide dismutase (SOD1) associated with familial amyotrophic lateral sclerosis may involve oxidative damage and mitochondrial dysfunction. We examined whether crossing transgenic mice with the G93A SOD1 mutation with transgenic mice with a partial depletion of manganese superoxide dismutase (SOD2) would affect the disease phenotype. Compared with G93A mice alone, the mice with partial deficiency of SOD2 and the G93A SOD1 mutation showed a significant decrease in survival and an exacerbation of motor deficits detected by rotorod testing. There was a significant exacerbation of loss of motor neurons and substantia nigra dopaminergic neurons in the G93A mice with a partial deficiency of SOD2 compared with G93A mice at 110 days. Microvesiculation of large motor neurons was more prominent in the G93A mice with a partial deficiency of SOD2 compared with G93A mice at 90 days. These findings provide further evidence that both oxidative damage and mitochondrial dysfunction may play a role in the pathogenesis of motor neuron death associated with mutations in SOD1.
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Affiliation(s)
- O A Andreassen
- Neurochemistry Laboratory, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
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32
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Abstract
Senile plaques (SP), a neuropathological hallmark of Alzheimer's disease (AD), are characterized by extracellular accumulations of beta amyloid (A beta). SP predominantly contain A beta 42 with a small amount of associated A beta 40. We determined the neurotoxic properties of A beta 42 as compared to A beta 40 by injections into the frontal cortex of three month old C57BL/6 mice. A beta 42 was associated with a significantly larger area of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) immunoreactivity and a greater density of reactive astrocytes than A beta 40. Immunohistochemical staining for markers of oxidative damage against 3-nitrotyrosine (3-NT) and 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine (8-OHDG) were significantly more intense around the A beta 42 injection compared to the A beta 40 injection sites. These findings are consistent with previous in vitro studies and suggest that A beta 42 is more neurotoxic and may generate more free radical damage than A beta 40.
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Affiliation(s)
- A M Klein
- Department of Neurology, Boston University School of Medicine, Massaschusetts 02118, USA
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33
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Kuemmerle S, Gutekunst CA, Klein AM, Li XJ, Li SH, Beal MF, Hersch SM, Ferrante RJ. Huntington aggregates may not predict neuronal death in Huntington's disease. Ann Neurol 1999; 46:842-9. [PMID: 10589536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/14/2023]
Abstract
The mechanism by which polyglutamine expansion in Huntington's disease (HD) results in selective neuronal degeneration remains unclear. We previously reported that the immunohistochemical distribution of N-terminal huntingtin in HD does not correspond to the severity of neuropathology, such that significantly greater numbers of huntingtin aggregates are present within the cortex than in the striatum. We now show a dissociation between huntingtin aggregation and the selective pattern of striatal neuron loss observed in HD. Aggregate formation was predominantly observed in spared interneurons, with few or no aggregates found within vulnerable spiny striatal neurons. Multiple perikaryal aggregates were present in almost all cortical NADPH-diaphorase neurons and in approximately 50% of the spared NADPH-diaphorase striatal neurons from early grade HD cases. In severe grade HD patients, aggregates were more prominent as nuclear inclusions in NADPH-diaphorase neurons, with less perikaryal and neuropil aggregation. In contrast, nuclear or perikaryal huntingtin aggregates were present in less than 4% of the vulnerable calbindin striatal neurons in all HD cases. These findings support the hypothesis that polyglutamine aggregation may not be a predictor of cell loss. Rather than a harbinger of neuronal death, mutant huntingtin aggregation may be a cytoprotective mechanism against polyglutamine-induced neurotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Kuemmerle
- Department of Neurology, Boston University School of Medicine, MA, USA
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34
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Abstract
Systemic administration of 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3, 6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) produces parkinsonism in experimental animals by a mechanism involving impaired energy production. MPTP is converted by monoamine oxidase B to 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP+), which blocks complex I of the electron transport chain. Oral supplementation with creatine or cyclocreatine, which are substrates for creatine kinase, may increase phosphocreatine (PCr) or cyclophosphocreatine (PCCr) and buffer against ATP depletion and thereby exert neuroprotective effects. In the present study we found that oral supplementation with either creatine or cyclocreatine produced significant protection against MPTP-induced dopamine depletions in mice. Creatine protected against MPTP-induced loss of Nissl and tyrosine hydroxylase immunostained neurons in the substantia nigra. Creatine and cyclocreatine had no effects on the conversion of MPTP to MPP+ in vivo. These results further implicate metabolic dysfunction in MPTP neurotoxicity and suggest a novel therapeutic approach, which may have applicability for Parkinson's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- R T Matthews
- Neurology Service, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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Klivenyi P, Ferrante RJ, Matthews RT, Bogdanov MB, Klein AM, Andreassen OA, Mueller G, Wermer M, Kaddurah-Daouk R, Beal MF. Neuroprotective effects of creatine in a transgenic animal model of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Nat Med 1999; 5:347-50. [PMID: 10086395 DOI: 10.1038/6568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 479] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondria are particularly vulnerable to oxidative stress, and mitochondrial swelling and vacuolization are among the earliest pathologic features found in two strains of transgenic amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) mice with SOD1 mutations. Mice with the G93A human SOD1 mutation have altered electron transport enzymes, and expression of the mutant enzyme in vitro results in a loss of mitochondrial membrane potential and elevated cytosolic calcium concentration. Mitochondrial dysfunction may lead to ATP depletion, which may contribute to cell death. If this is true, then buffering intracellular energy levels could exert neuroprotective effects. Creatine kinase and its substrates creatine and phosphocreatine constitute an intricate cellular energy buffering and transport system connecting sites of energy production (mitochondria) with sites of energy consumption, and creatine administration stabilizes the mitochondrial creatine kinase and inhibits opening of the mitochondrial transition pore. We found that oral administration of creatine produced a dose-dependent improvement in motor performance and extended survival in G93A transgenic mice, and it protected mice from loss of both motor neurons and substantia nigra neurons at 120 days of age. Creatine administration protected G93A transgenic mice from increases in biochemical indices of oxidative damage. Therefore, creatine administration may be a new therapeutic strategy for ALS.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Klivenyi
- Neurochemistry Laboratory, Neurology Service, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston 02118, USA
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36
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Klein AM, Banever TC. Enterocutaneous fistula as a postoperative complication of laparoscopic inguinal hernia repair. Surg Laparosc Endosc Percutan Tech 1999; 9:60-2. [PMID: 9950132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/10/2023]
Abstract
Trocar injuries to the small bowel during laparoscopic hernia repair are a rare complication, the most common complications being postoperative neuralgias, scrotal swelling, scrotal ecchymosis, and hematoma. A 15-year-old boy was admitted 5 days status-post transabdominal laparoscopic inguinal hernia repair of a symptomatic right pantaloon hernia, with signs and symptoms of a retrocecal abscess. Despite laparotic intervention and appendectomy, the next 2 years passed with almost daily, purulent, right lower quadrant wound drainage, in an otherwise asymptomatic patient. Superficial wound exploration and sinogram in 1996 revealed a sinus tract in direct communication with the small bowel. Elective laparotomy in December 1997 involved a successful resection of a 2.5-cm fistula with involved mesh, and the communicating small bowel through a midline incision, followed by a primary closure of the small-bowel opening. The patient has recovered without complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- A M Klein
- Department of Surgery, University of Connecticut Health Center, School of Medicine, Farmington, USA
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37
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Abstract
PURPOSE We investigated the natural history of nephrocalcinosis in premature infants treated with furosemide and attempted to identify factors to predict infants most at risk. MATERIALS AND METHODS We evaluated 13 preterm infants in this longitudinal pilot study. During hospitalization and while receiving a loop diuretic nephrocalcinosis developed in each patient. Patients were divided into groups based on resolution (6) and nonresolution (7) according to spontaneous resolution of nephrocalcinosis at any point during followup. The 2 groups were compared to each other and to a control group. RESULTS Mean followup after discontinuation of furosemide in the resolution versus nonresolution groups was 10.3 and 7.7 months, respectively. Between the 2 groups there was no significant difference in average gestational age, birth weight, number of days hospitalized or on furosemide, or total furosemide dose. Mean calcium-to-creatinine ratio while receiving furosemide at the time nephrocalcinosis developed was 0.38 in the resolution group but 2.23 in the nonresolution group (p < 0.005). Initial calcium-to-creatinine ratio in age matched infants who did not have nephrocalcinosis was 0.4. Frank renal stones developed in 2 of the 7 patients without resolution and 0 of the 6 with resolution. When nephrocalcinosis resolved, it was at a mean of 5.2 months following discontinuation of the diuretic. CONCLUSIONS Early data indicate that nephrocalcinosis resolves in approximately 50% of premature infants 5 to 6 months after discontinuation of furosemide. The only factor that appears to be predictive of the infants who will have resolution is the calcium-to-creatinine ratio when nephrocalcinosis is diagnosed. In patients without resolution this ratio is much higher than in age adjusted normal controls, while in those with resolution it appears normal for age.
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Affiliation(s)
- J C Pope
- Division of Pediatric Urology, Children's Hospital of Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
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38
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Abstract
Seventeen infants with a very low birth weight (VLBW) and spontaneous, non-necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC), intestinal perforations are presented; 14 of them were seen in the past 3 years. A comparison with 16 surgically treated NEC infants (< 1,000 g) is provided. At our institution, the yearly survival of VLBW infants increased from 54% to 90% over the past 6 years. All 17 non-NEC patients were operated on, and 15 (88.2%) survived. Ileal perforations were observed frequently. Initial enterostomies were followed by reanastomosis at an average age of 3 months. A 22.6-month follow-up was attained for all survivors. Non-NEC intestinal perforations in tiny neonates are increasing and constitute a challenging but treatable group. The improving survival rate of VLBW infants will probably be accompanied by a variety of complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- J E Uceda
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Methodist Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
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39
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Abstract
In five children who met the diagnostic criteria for Kawasaki Disease, sensorineural hearing loss developed in association with the acute illness. The children, aged 7 months to 13 years, had deficits ranging from mild to profound bilateral sensorineural hearing loss. There were no associated neurologic abnormalities, and immunologic investigations and magnetic resonance imaging failed to reveal a cause. Treatment regimens differed among the children, but none had high salicylate levels (greater than 20 mg/dl) or received other ototoxic medications. Antiinflammatory therapy was not obviously beneficial in any case, and four of the children have persistent hearing deficits. We conclude that auditory involvement may be a complication of Kawasaki disease; screening of clinically affected children should be considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- R P Sundel
- Department of Medicine, Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
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40
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Abstract
In an attempt to establish normal values for rectal pH in children, we have measured pH in 100 paediatric patients. Measurement of rectal pH was performed in 25 infants and 75 children (27 girls and 73 boys) using a monocrystalline antimony electrode. Rectal pH was 9.6 +/- 0.9 (mean +/- SD, range 7.2 to 12.1) and was independent of sex, age and nutrition. This wide range of rectal pH values offers a possible explanation for the widely scattered bioavailability of drugs administered by the rectal route. Mean rectal pH was considerably higher than that reported for adults; this unexpected alkalinity should be taken into account, when drug formulations are considered for rectal administration in children.
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Affiliation(s)
- J P Jantzen
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Johannes Gutenberg, University Medical School, Mainz, F.R.G
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41
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Abstract
Hepatic function was assessed pre-operatively and on the first and sixth postoperative days in 40 healthy patients who underwent prolonged maxillofacial surgery with isoflurane or halothane anaesthesia. No major changes were observed in hepatic enzymes or bilirubin. One-stage prothrombin time and Factor VII concentrations decreased on the first postoperative day and this change was more pronounced in the halothane group. The results support the use of isoflurane rather than halothane for prolonged anaesthesia in respect of the synthesising function of the liver.
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Affiliation(s)
- J P Jantzen
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Johannes Gutenberg University Medical School, Mainz, Federal Republic of Germany
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42
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Jantzen JP, Erdmann K, Wilbert DM, Hein HA, Klein AM. Management of urolithiasis: an analysis of 1,293 lithotriptor procedures. Tex Med 1986; 82:37-43. [PMID: 3810500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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43
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Jantzen JP, Erdmann K, Witton PK, Klein AM. [The effect of rectal pH values on the absorption of methohexital]. Anaesthesist 1986; 35:496-9. [PMID: 3777412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
The factors underlying the unpredictability of the pharmacokinetics of rectally administered methohexitone remain unclear. The "pH partition hypothesis" offers an explanation. We investigated six children with rectal pH values ranging from 7.5 to 9.8, who were given 25 mg/kg methohexitone 10% via the rectal route under general anaesthesia. Blood samples were taken at zero, 3, 5, 7, 10, 15, 20, 30, 40, 60, 90 and 120 min; rectal pH was measured at zero and 1 min. The methohexitone plasma levels reached a maximum (Cmax) of 2.63 micrograms/ml (median) after 17.5 min (median). The elimination half-life ranged from 37 to 218 min. No positive correlation between lower pH and better resorption (AUC and Cmax) was found. The resorption kinetics of rectally administered methohexitone cannot be explained by its electrochemical properties alone.
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44
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Jantzen JP, Erdmann K, Hilley D, Klein AM. [Comparative study of analgesia and plasma level following rectal, intramuscular and intravenous administration of ketamine]. Anaesthesist 1985; 34:346-51. [PMID: 4037284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Ketamine 25 mg/kg was administered to five foxhounds by the intravenous, intramuscular or rectal route. Plasma concentrations were measured by gas-chromatography and analgesia was tested by two techniques. Intravenous application gave reliable analgesia and well reproducible plasma levels in all subjects. Distribution and elimination half lives were found to be 6 min and 55 min, respectively. Intramuscular injection resulted in peak-plasma levels around the twentieth minute, elimination half life was fifty-two minutes, bioavailability 90%. Analgesia proved satisfactory in four out of the five subjects and lasted longer than after intravenous injection. The rectal route produced a wide range of peak-plasma levels, the average peak appearing after 40 min. We found an elimination halflife of 43 min and a bioavailability of 30%. Analgesia was poor in four out of the five subjects. The low plasma levels following rectal application are due to the poor bioavailability and this appears to be the reason for the unsatisfactory results with this route of administration. Bioavailability depends on the site of application (drainage mainly through the vena cava or portal vein) and the pH of the rectum.
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45
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Abstract
The effects of aluminum (Al) on the renal handling of phosphate (Pi) were studied by clearance techniques in the presence and absence of endogenous parathyroid hormone (PTH) and after Pi infusion. In all groups, a 1-h control period was followed by three 1-h experimental periods in which controls continued to receive saline and experimental animals received Al. Glomerular filtration rate, urine flow rate, and plasma sodium (Na) were not significantly changed between periods in any group. In the presence of endogenous PTH, the fractional excretion of phosphate (FEPi) increased significantly after 3 h of Al infusion (6.1 +/- 0.9 to 15.0 +/- 1.8%, P less than 0.05, n = 8), but not in controls (n = 7), while plasma calcium and Pi decreased, suggesting a PTH effect. However, in acutely thyroparathyroidectomized (TPTX) rats the FEPi also increased significantly after 3 h of Al infusion (4.3 +/- 3.0 to 10.6 +/- 4.2%, P less than 0.05, n = 7), but not in controls (n = 6). In TPTX rats infused with Pi where plasma Pi was increased to 10 mg/dl, FEPi increased significantly after 2 and 3 h of Al (7.0 +/- 1.4 to 15.5 +/- 2.1 to 16.9 +/- 2.2%, P less than 0.01, n = 15), but not in controls (n = 8). In this group, changes in FEPi were accompanied by a small but significant increase in FENa but not urinary cAMP. Blood pH was not significantly different between saline and Al-infused rats. These studies indicate that Al infusion inhibits renal Pi reabsorption by a mechanism independent of PTH, blood pH, or cAMP.
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46
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Cassidy DM, Vassallo JA, Klein AM, Josephson ME. The use of programmed electrical stimulation in patients with documented or suspected ventricular arrhythmias. Heart Lung 1984; 13:602-7. [PMID: 6386752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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47
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Abstract
Antibody to hepatitis A virus (anti-HAV) was surveyed in 469 patients from 20 of 31 Michigan hemodialysis units, during spring 1978. The mean point prevalence of anti-HAV was 59.5% and within the 20 individual units ranged from zero to 100%. For the entire survey population, the point prevalence of anti-HAV was significantly greater with increasing age, among blacks, and in individuals with hypertension as their underlying renal disease. Anti-HAV was independent of sex, duration of dialysis, or the presence of either hepatitis B surface antigen or its associated antibody. Within individual units, anti-HAV prevalence was associated with a higher mean patient age but not with dialysis unit size, mean duration of dialysis therapy, race, or prevalence of hepatitis B markers among patients or staff. These data support reports that transmission of the hepatitis A virus is neither associated with hemodialysis therapy nor routinely spread by parenteral mechanisms as observed in hepatitis B virus transmission.
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48
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Spahr RC, Klein AM, Brown DR, Holzman IR, MacDonald HM. Fluid administration and bronchopulmonary dysplasia. The lack of an association. Am J Dis Child 1980; 134:958-60. [PMID: 7424856 DOI: 10.1001/archpedi.1980.02130220036011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
The fluid intake of 38 surviving infants with severe respiratory distress syndrome was evaluated. There were no substantial difference in fluid administration between those in whom bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) developed and those in whom it did not. The factors that were associated with the development of BPD were the degree of prematurity, patent ductus arteriosus, pulmonary air leak, exposure to high concentrations of oxygen, and use of ventilation at faster rates.
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49
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Spahr RC, Klein AM, Brown DR, MacDonald HM, Holzman IR. Hyaline membrane disease. A controlled study of inspiratory to expiratory ratio in its management by ventilator. Am J Dis Child 1980; 134:373-6. [PMID: 6768286 DOI: 10.1001/archpedi.1980.04490010031011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Sixty-nine neonates with severe hyaline membrane disease (HMD) were mechanically ventilated using either a 1:2 or a 2:1 inspiratory to expiratory (I/E) ratio. Survivors in the 2:1 group required a lower fraction of oxygen in the inspired air (FiO2) and lower end-expiratory pressure to achieve satisfactory oxygenation. During the first week of life, time of exposure to FiO2 greater than 0.60 while being mechanically ventilated was 29.7 +/- 7.5 hours for the 1:2 group and 6.6 +/- 2,7 hours for the 2:1 group, while time of exposure to end-expiratory pressure greater than 3 cm H2O was 49.4 +/- 7.9 hours for the 1:2 group and 13.4 +/- 7.4 hours for the 2:1 group. Mortality and the incidence of air leak, patent ductus arteriosus, intraventricular hemorrhage, necrotizing enterocolitis, bronchopulmonary dysplasia, and pulmonary hemorrhage were not different for the two groups. Using an increased I/E ratio during the acute phase of HMD improved oxygenation but did not alter morbidity or mortality.
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50
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Klein AM, Holzman IR, Austin EM. Fetal tachycardia prior to the development of hydrops--attempted pharmacologic cardioversion: case report. Am J Obstet Gynecol 1979; 134:347-8. [PMID: 453267 DOI: 10.1016/s0002-9378(16)33045-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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