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Matson SM, Ngo LT, Sugawara Y, Fernando V, Lugo C, Azeem I, Harrison A, Alsup A, Nissen E, Koestler D, Washburn MP, Rekowski MJ, Wolters PJ, Lee JS, Solomon JJ, Demoruelle MK. Neutrophil extracellular traps linked to idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis severity and survival. medRxiv 2024:2024.01.24.24301742. [PMID: 38343853 PMCID: PMC10854325 DOI: 10.1101/2024.01.24.24301742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/18/2024]
Abstract
Background Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) leads to progressive loss of lung function and mortality. Understanding mechanisms and markers of lung injury in IPF is paramount to improving outcomes for these patients. Despite the lack of systemic involvement in IPF, many analyses focus on identifying circulating prognostic markers. Using a proteomic discovery method followed by ELISA validation in multiple IPF lung compartments and cohorts we explored novel markers of IPF survival. Methods In our discovery analysis, agnostic label-free quantitative proteomics differentiated lung tissue protein expression based on survival trajectory (n=10). Following selection of the candidate pathway (neutrophil extracellular trap (NET) formation), we subsequently validated the presence of NETs in the IPF lung microenvironment using fully quantitative assays of known NET remnants in separate IPF cohorts (n=156 and n=52) with bronchoalveolar lavage fluid. We then assessed the correlation of these markers with baseline pulmonary function and survival. Results Discovery lung tissue proteomics identified NET formation as significantly associated with poor IPF survival. Using fully quantitative confirmatory tests for reproducibility we confirmed the presence of NET markers in IPF BALF and found significant correlations with worse pulmonary function in both cohorts (p<0.03 and p = 0.04 respectively). In the survival cohort, higher levels of NET markers predicted worse survival after adjusting for gender, age, and baseline physiologic severity (hazard ratio range: 1.79-2.19). Conclusions NET markers were associated with disease severity and worse survival in IPF. These findings suggest NET formation contributes to lung injury and decreased survival in IPF and may represent a potential therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Scott M. Matson
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, University of Kansas School of Medicine, Kansas City, KS, USA
| | - Linh T. Ngo
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, University of Kansas School of Medicine, Kansas City, KS, USA
| | - Yui Sugawara
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Respiratory Center, Toranomon Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Veani Fernando
- Division of Rheumatology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Claudia Lugo
- Division of Rheumatology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Imaan Azeem
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, University of Kansas School of Medicine, Kansas City, KS, USA
| | - Alexis Harrison
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, University of Kansas School of Medicine, Kansas City, KS, USA
| | - Alex Alsup
- Department of Biostatistics & Data Science, University of Kansas School of Medicine, Kansas City, KS, USA
| | - Emily Nissen
- Department of Biostatistics & Data Science, University of Kansas School of Medicine, Kansas City, KS, USA
| | - Devin Koestler
- Department of Biostatistics & Data Science, University of Kansas School of Medicine, Kansas City, KS, USA
| | - Michael P. Washburn
- Department of Cancer Biology, University of Kansas School of Medicine, Kansas City, KS, USA
| | - Michaella J. Rekowski
- Department of Cancer Biology, University of Kansas School of Medicine, Kansas City, KS, USA
| | - Paul J. Wolters
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Joyce S. Lee
- Division of Pulmonary Sciences and Critical Care Medicine, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Joshua J. Solomon
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, National Jewish Health Hospital, Denver, CO
| | - M. Kristen Demoruelle
- Division of Rheumatology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA
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2
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Takada H, Demoruelle MK, Deane KD, Nakamura S, Katsumata Y, Ikari K, Buckner JH, Robinson WH, Seifert JA, Feser ML, Moss L, Norris JM, Harigai M, Hsieh EWY, Holers VM, Okamoto Y. Expansion of HLA-DR Positive Peripheral Helper T and Naive B cells in Anticitrullinated Protein Antibody-Positive Individuals At Risk for Rheumatoid Arthritis. Arthritis Rheumatol 2024. [PMID: 38412870 DOI: 10.1002/art.42839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Revised: 12/23/2023] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 02/29/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate immune dysregulation in the peripheral blood that contributes to the pre-rheumatoid arthritis (RA) stage of RA development in anticitrullinated protein antibody (ACPA)+ individuals. METHODS Using 37 markers by mass cytometry, we investigated peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from ACPA+ at-risk individuals, ACPA+ early untreated patients with RA, and ACPA- controls in the Tokyo Women's Medical University cohort (n = 17 in each group). Computational algorithms, FlowSOM and Optimized t-Distributed Stochastic Neighbor Embedding, were employed to explore specific immunologic differences between study groups. These findings were further evaluated, and longitudinal changes were explored, using flow cytometry and PBMCs from the US-based Targeting Immune Responses for Prevention of RA cohort that included 11 ACPA+ individuals who later developed RA (pre-RA), of which 9 had post-RA diagnosis PBMCs (post-RA), and 11 ACPA- controls. RESULTS HLA-DR+ peripheral helper T (Tph) cells, activated regulatory T cells, PD-1hi CD8+ T cells, and CXCR5-CD11c-CD38+ naive B cells were significantly expanded in PBMCs from at-risk individuals and patients with early RA from the Tokyo Women's Medical University cohort. Expansion of HLA-DR+ Tph cells and CXCR5-CD11c-CD38+ naive B cells was likewise found in both pre-RA and post-RA time points in the Targeting Immune Responses for Prevention of RA cohort. CONCLUSION The expansion of HLA-DR+ Tph cells and CXCR5-CD11c-CD38+ naive B cells in ACPA+ individuals, including those who developed inflammatory arthritis and classified RA, supports a key role of these cells in transition from pre-RA to classified RA. These findings may identify a new mechanistic target for treatment and prevention in RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hideto Takada
- Tokyo Women's Medical University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan, and the University of Colorado, Aurora
| | | | | | - Shohei Nakamura
- Tokyo Women's Medical University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - Katsunori Ikari
- Tokyo Women's Medical University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Elena W Y Hsieh
- University of Colorado, and Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora
| | | | - Yuko Okamoto
- Tokyo Women's Medical University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
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3
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Demoruelle MK. The Changing Paradigm of Anti-Citrullinated Protein Antibodies in Rheumatoid Arthritis. Arthritis Rheumatol 2024; 76:178-180. [PMID: 37651271 DOI: 10.1002/art.42686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2023] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- M Kristen Demoruelle
- University of Colorado School of Medicine, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado
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4
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Doyle TJ, Juge PA, Peljto AL, Lee S, Walts AD, Esposito AJ, Poli S, Gill R, Hatabu H, Nishino M, Dellaripa PF, Weinblatt ME, Shadick NA, Demoruelle MK, Sparks JA, Rosas IO, Granger B, Deane KD, Crestani B, Wolters PJ, Dieudé P, Lee JS. Short peripheral blood leukocyte telomere length in rheumatoid arthritis-interstitial lung disease. Thorax 2024; 79:182-185. [PMID: 38071573 PMCID: PMC10911453 DOI: 10.1136/thorax-2023-220022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2023]
Abstract
Shortened telomere lengths (TLs) can be caused by single nucleotide polymorphisms and loss-of-function mutations in telomere-related genes (TRG), as well as ageing and lifestyle factors such as smoking. Our objective was to determine if shortened TL is associated with interstitial lung disease (ILD) in individuals with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). This is the largest study to demonstrate and replicate that shortened peripheral blood leukocytes-TL is associated with ILD in patients with RA compared with RA without ILD in a multinational cohort, and short PBL-TL was associated with baseline disease severity in RA-ILD as measured by forced vital capacity percent predicted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tracy J Doyle
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Pierre-Antoine Juge
- Université Paris Cité, INSERM UMR 1152, F-75018, Paris, France
- Service de Rhumatologie, Hôpital Bichat-Claude Bernard, AP-HP, F-75018, Paris, France
| | - Anna L Peljto
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Allergy and Sleep Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Seoyeon Lee
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Allergy and Sleep Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Avram D Walts
- Department of Medicine, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colorado, USA
| | - Anthony Joseph Esposito
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Sergio Poli
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Ritu Gill
- Department of Radiology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Hiroto Hatabu
- Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Mizuki Nishino
- Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Paul F Dellaripa
- Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Inflammation and Immunity, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Michael E Weinblatt
- Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Inflammation and Immunity, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Nancy A Shadick
- Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Inflammation and Immunity, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - M Kristen Demoruelle
- Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Jeffrey A Sparks
- Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Inflammation and Immunity, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Ivan O Rosas
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Benjamin Granger
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Institut Pierre Louis d'Epidémiologie et de Santé Publique (IPLESP), Hôpital Pitié Salpétrière, Public Health Department, F75013, Paris, France
| | - Kevin D Deane
- Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Bruno Crestani
- Université Paris Cité, INSERM UMR 1152, F-75018, Paris, France
- Department of Pulmonology, Centre de Référence des Maladies Pulmonaires Rares, Hopital Bichat-Claude Bernard, APHP, Paris, France
| | - Paul J Wolters
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary Sciences and Critical Care Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Denver, Colorado, USA
| | - Philippe Dieudé
- Université Paris Cité, INSERM UMR 1152, F-75018, Paris, France
- Service de Rhumatologie, Hôpital Bichat-Claude Bernard, AP-HP, F-75018, Paris, France
| | - Joyce S Lee
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary Sciences and Critical Care Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Denver, Colorado, USA
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5
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James EA, Holers VM, Iyer R, Prideaux EB, Rao NL, Rims C, Muir VS, Posso SE, Bloom MS, Zia A, Elliott SE, Adamska JZ, Ai R, Brewer RC, Seifert JA, Moss L, Barzideh S, Demoruelle MK, Striebich CC, Okamoto Y, Sainbayar E, Crook AA, Peterson RA, Vanderlinden LA, Wang W, Boyle DL, Robinson WH, Buckner JH, Firestein GS, Deane KD. Multifaceted immune dysregulation characterizes individuals at-risk for rheumatoid arthritis. Nat Commun 2023; 14:7637. [PMID: 37993439 PMCID: PMC10665556 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-43091-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2022] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Molecular markers of autoimmunity, such as antibodies to citrullinated protein antigens (ACPA), are detectable prior to inflammatory arthritis (IA) in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and may define a state that is 'at-risk' for future RA. Here we present a cross-sectional comparative analysis among three groups that include ACPA positive individuals without IA (At-Risk), ACPA negative individuals and individuals with early, ACPA positive clinical RA (Early RA). Differential methylation analysis among the groups identifies non-specific dysregulation in peripheral B, memory and naïve T cells in At-Risk participants, with more specific immunological pathway abnormalities in Early RA. Tetramer studies show increased abundance of T cells recognizing citrullinated (cit) epitopes in At-Risk participants, including expansion of T cells reactive to citrullinated cartilage intermediate layer protein I (cit-CILP); these T cells have Th1, Th17, and T stem cell memory-like phenotypes. Antibody-antigen array analyses show that antibodies targeting cit-clusterin, cit-fibrinogen and cit-histone H4 are elevated in At-Risk and Early RA participants, with the highest levels of antibodies detected in those with Early RA. These findings indicate that an ACPA positive at-risk state is associated with multifaceted immune dysregulation that may represent a potential opportunity for targeted intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eddie A James
- Benaroya Research Institute, Seattle, WA, 98101, USA
| | - V Michael Holers
- Division of Rheumatology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA.
| | - Radhika Iyer
- Division of Immunology and Rheumatology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94304, USA
- VA Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA, 94550, USA
| | - E Barton Prideaux
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Navin L Rao
- Janssen Research and Development, Spring House, PA, 19477, USA
| | - Cliff Rims
- Benaroya Research Institute, Seattle, WA, 98101, USA
| | | | | | - Michelle S Bloom
- Division of Immunology and Rheumatology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94304, USA
- VA Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA, 94550, USA
| | - Amin Zia
- Division of Immunology and Rheumatology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94304, USA
- VA Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA, 94550, USA
| | - Serra E Elliott
- Division of Immunology and Rheumatology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94304, USA
- VA Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA, 94550, USA
| | - Julia Z Adamska
- Division of Immunology and Rheumatology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94304, USA
- VA Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA, 94550, USA
| | - Rizi Ai
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - R Camille Brewer
- Division of Immunology and Rheumatology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94304, USA
- VA Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA, 94550, USA
| | - Jennifer A Seifert
- Division of Rheumatology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
| | - LauraKay Moss
- Division of Rheumatology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
| | - Saman Barzideh
- Division of Rheumatology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
| | - M Kristen Demoruelle
- Division of Rheumatology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
| | - Christopher C Striebich
- Division of Rheumatology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
| | - Yuko Okamoto
- Division of Rheumatology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tokyo Women's Medical University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Enkhtsogt Sainbayar
- Division of Rheumatology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
| | - Alexandra A Crook
- Division of Rheumatology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
| | - Ryan A Peterson
- Department of Biostatistics and Informatics, Colorado School of Public Health, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
| | - Lauren A Vanderlinden
- Department of Biostatistics and Informatics, Colorado School of Public Health, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - David L Boyle
- Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - William H Robinson
- Division of Immunology and Rheumatology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94304, USA
- VA Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA, 94550, USA
| | | | - Gary S Firestein
- Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Kevin D Deane
- Division of Rheumatology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
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Ali RA, Minarchick VC, Zahavi M, Rysenga CE, Sturm KA, Hoy CK, Sarosh C, Knight JS, Demoruelle MK. Ginger intake suppresses neutrophil extracellular trap formation in autoimmune mice and healthy humans. JCI Insight 2023; 8:e172011. [PMID: 37737262 PMCID: PMC10561719 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.172011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Accepted: 08/15/2023] [Indexed: 09/23/2023] Open
Abstract
We previously reported that treatment of mice with 6-gingerol, the most abundant phytochemical in ginger root, leads to phosphodiesterase inhibition that counteracts neutrophil hyperactivity in models of antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) and lupus. Here, we explored the extent to which oral intake of a whole-ginger extract would similarly impact neutrophils in both autoimmune mice and healthy humans. In vitro, a solubilized ginger extract was able to attenuate neutrophil extracellular trap formation (NETosis) by human neutrophils through a mechanism that was dependent upon the cyclic AMP-dependent kinase, protein kinase A. When mice with features of either APS or lupus were administered a ginger extract orally, they demonstrated reduced circulating NETs, as well as the tempering of other disease outcomes, such as large-vein thrombosis (APS) and autoantibody production (lupus). In a pilot clinical trial, which was validated in a second cohort, daily intake of a ginger supplement for 7 days by healthy volunteers boosted neutrophil cAMP, inhibited NETosis in response to disease-relevant stimuli, and reduced circulating plasma NET levels. In summary, this work demonstrates that ginger intake restrains neutrophil hyperactivity in autoimmune mouse models and that ginger consumption by healthy individuals makes their neutrophils more resistant to NETosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramadan A. Ali
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Valerie C. Minarchick
- Division of Rheumatology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Miela Zahavi
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Christine E. Rysenga
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Kristin A. Sturm
- Division of Rheumatology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Claire K. Hoy
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Cyrus Sarosh
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Jason S. Knight
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - M. Kristen Demoruelle
- Division of Rheumatology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA
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7
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Moore RE, Wang T, Duvvuri B, Feser ML, Deane KD, Solomon JJ, Lee Nelson J, Demoruelle MK, Lood C. Prediction of Erosive Disease Development by Antimitochondrial Antibodies in Rheumatoid Arthritis. Arthritis Rheumatol 2023; 75:890-899. [PMID: 36580020 PMCID: PMC10238559 DOI: 10.1002/art.42428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2022] [Revised: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Mitochondria are found in the extracellular space in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). However, whether mitochondria are a source of autoantigens in RA has not been carefully addressed. Thus, we undertook this study to investigate the presence and significance of antimitochondrial antibodies (AMAs) in patients with RA. METHODS AMAs were measured in serum samples from 3 cross-sectional cohorts of RA patients (n = 95, n = 192, and n = 117) and healthy individuals (n = 38, n = 72, and n = 50) using a flow cytometry-based assay. Further, AMAs were detected using an anti-mitofusin-1 (anti-MFN-1) IgG enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and Western blot analysis. A longitudinal inception cohort, followed up for a median of 8 years, was used to study disease progression. RESULTS AMA levels were elevated in RA patients from all 3 cohorts as compared to healthy individuals (P < 0.001, P < 0.05, and P < 0.01), with a range of 14-26% positivity. Levels of anti-MFN-1 antibodies correlated with AMA levels (r = 0.31, P = 0.006) and were elevated in RA patients as compared to healthy individuals (P < 0.001). The presence of AMAs was associated with erosive disease (P < 0.05) and interstitial lung disease (P < 0.01). Further, AMA levels were found to predict erosive disease (odds ratio [OR] 4.59, P = 0.006) and joint space narrowing (OR 3.08, P = 0.02) independent of anti-citrullinated protein antibodies. Finally, anti-MFN-1 antibodies identified seronegative patients developing erosive disease (OR 9.33; P = 0.02). CONCLUSION Our findings demonstrate the presence of novel autoantibodies targeting mitochondria in the setting of RA. AMAs were used to stratify patients based on disease phenotype and to predict development of erosive disease, including in patients with seronegative disease. Our results highlight the essential role of mitochondria in the pathogenesis of RA and suggest a possible benefit of therapies targeting mitochondrial-mediated inflammation and clearance in these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard E. Moore
- Division of Rheumatology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Ting Wang
- Division of Rheumatology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Bhargavi Duvvuri
- Division of Rheumatology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Marie L. Feser
- Division of Rheumatology, University of Colorado-Denver, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Kevin D. Deane
- Division of Rheumatology, University of Colorado-Denver, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Joshua J. Solomon
- Center for Interstitial Lung Disease, National Jewish Health, Denver, CO, USA
| | - J. Lee Nelson
- Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | | | - Christian Lood
- Division of Rheumatology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
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Matson SM, Demoruelle MK. Connective Tissue Disease Associated Interstitial Lung Disease. Immunol Allergy Clin North Am 2023; 43:229-244. [PMID: 37055086 DOI: 10.1016/j.iac.2023.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/06/2023]
Abstract
Connective tissue disease associated interstitial lung disease (CTD-ILD) is a heterogenous collection of conditions with a diverse spectrum of interstitial lung disease (ILD) manifestations. Currently, clinical practice of lung-directed immunosuppression in CTD-ILD is supported by several randomized, placebo-controlled trials (RCTs) in patients with scleroderma and several observational, retrospective studies in other autoimmune conditions. However, given the harm of immunosuppression in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, there is an urgent need for RCTs of immunosuppression and antifibrotic agents in fibrotic CTD-ILD populations as well as the study of intervention in patients with subclinical CTD-ILD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Scott M Matson
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, University of Kansas School of Medicine, 3901 Rainbow boulevard, Mailstop 3007, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA
| | - M Kristen Demoruelle
- Division of Rheumatology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, 1775 Aurora Court, Mail Stop B-115, Aurora, CO 80045, USA.
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9
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Seifert JA, Bemis EA, Ramsden K, Lowell C, Polinski K, Feser M, Fleischer C, Demoruelle MK, Buckner J, Gregersen PK, Keating RM, Mikuls TR, O’Dell JR, Weisman MH, Deane KD, Norris JM, Steere AC, Holers VM. Association of Antibodies to Prevotella copri in Anti-Cyclic Citrullinated Peptide-Positive Individuals At Risk of Developing Rheumatoid Arthritis and in Patients With Early or Established Rheumatoid Arthritis. Arthritis Rheumatol 2023; 75:507-516. [PMID: 36259174 PMCID: PMC10065886 DOI: 10.1002/art.42370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2022] [Revised: 08/20/2022] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Prevotella copri (P copri), a gut commensal, has been reported to be an immune-relevant organism in individuals with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). This study sought to evaluate anti-P copri (anti-Pc) antibody responses in our participant cohorts and to determine when in the natural history of RA such responses develop. METHODS We analyzed serum levels of immunoglobulin A (IgA) and IgG antibodies from a 27-kd protein of P copri (anti-Pc-p27), an immunogenic P copri protein, in study participants at risk of developing RA, participants who transitioned to RA, participants with early RA (<1 year of disease), and participants with established RA, with comparisons made to their matched controls. We also evaluated anti-Pc-p27 antibody levels in individuals stratified by RA-related autoantibody status. RESULTS Overall, participants with RA had significantly higher IgA anti-Pc-p27 antibody levels and trended toward higher IgG anti-Pc-p27 antibody levels compared with matched controls. When stratified by early versus established RA, participants with early RA had median IgG anti-Pc-p27 antibody levels that were overall higher, whereas median IgA anti-Pc-p27 antibody levels were statistically significantly higher in participants with established RA compared with their matched controls. In the autoantibody-specific analyses, the at-risk population with anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide (anti-CCP) antibodies, but not rheumatoid factor (RF), trended toward increased levels of IgG anti-Pc-p27. Additionally, RA participants who were seropositive for both CCP and RF had significantly increased levels of IgA anti-Pc-p27 antibodies and trended toward higher levels of IgG anti-Pc-p27 antibodies compared with matched controls. CONCLUSION Our findings support a potential etiologic role for P copri in both RA preclinical evolution and the subsequent pathogenesis of synovitis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Kristina Ramsden
- Center for Immunology and Inflammatory Diseases, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Cassidy Lowell
- Center for Immunology and Inflammatory Diseases, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | | | - Marie Feser
- University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, Colorado
| | | | | | - Jane Buckner
- Benaroya Research Institute at Virginia Mason, Seattle, Washington
| | - Peter K. Gregersen
- Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research and North Shore-Long Island Jewish Health System, Manhasset, New York
| | | | - Ted R. Mikuls
- University of Nebraska Medical Center and VA Nebraska-Western Iowa Healthcare System, Omaha, Nebraska
| | - James R. O’Dell
- University of Nebraska Medical Center and VA Nebraska-Western Iowa Healthcare System, Omaha, Nebraska
| | | | | | | | - Allen C. Steere
- Center for Immunology and Inflammatory Diseases, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
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10
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Wilson TM, Solomon JJ, Humphries SM, Swigris JJ, Ahmed F, Wang H, Darrah E, Demoruelle MK. Serum Antibodies to Peptidylarginine Deiminase-4 in Rheumatoid Arthritis Associated-Interstitial Lung Disease Are Associated with Decreased Lung Fibrosis and Improved Survival. Am J Med Sci 2023; 365:480-487. [PMID: 36918112 DOI: 10.1016/j.amjms.2023.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Revised: 12/29/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 03/14/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Interstitial lung disease (ILD) is a leading cause of mortality in rheumatoid arthritis (RA), particularly in those with the usual interstitial pneumonia subtype (RA-UIP). Serum antibodies to peptidylarginine deiminase type 4 (anti-PAD4), particularly a subset that cross-react with PAD3 (PAD3/4XR), have been associated with imaging evidence of ILD. We aimed to determine the specificity of anti-PAD4 antibodies in RA-ILD and to examine associations with markers of ILD severity. METHODS 48 RA-ILD and 31 idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) patients were identified from the National Jewish Health Biobank. RA-ILD subtype was defined by imaging pattern on high-resolution chest computed tomography (CT), and serum was tested for anti-PAD4 and anti-PAD3/4XR antibodies. Antibody prevalence, measures of ILD severity (% predicted forced vital capacity, FVC; % predicted diffusion capacity carbon monoxide, DLCO; quantitative CT fibrosis) and mortality were compared between groups. RESULTS Anti-PAD4 antibodies were present in 9/48 (19%) subjects with RA-ILD and no subjects with IPF. Within RA-ILD, anti-PAD4 antibodies were found almost exclusively in RA-UIP (89%). Within RA-UIP subjects, % predicted FVC was higher in anti-PAD4+ subjects, and this finding was most strongly associated with anti-PAD3/4XR antibodies. In addition, quantitative CT fibrosis score was lower in anti-PAD4+ RA-UIP subjects, including those with mono-reactive anti-PAD4 antibodies and anti-PAD3/4XR antibodies. Anti-PAD4+ RA-UIP subjects also exhibited decreased mortality. CONCLUSION We demonstrate the presence of serum anti-PAD4 antibodies in a subset of patients with RA-UIP that were notably associated with better lung function, less fibrosis and decreased mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothy M Wilson
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
| | - Joshua J Solomon
- Division of Pulmonary Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, National Jewish Health, Denver, CO, USA
| | - Stephen M Humphries
- Division of Pulmonary Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, National Jewish Health, Denver, CO, USA
| | - Jeffrey J Swigris
- Division of Pulmonary Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, National Jewish Health, Denver, CO, USA
| | - Faduma Ahmed
- Division of Pulmonary Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, National Jewish Health, Denver, CO, USA
| | - Hong Wang
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Erika Darrah
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - M Kristen Demoruelle
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, CO, USA
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11
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Matson SM, Baqir M, Moua T, Marll M, Kent J, Iannazzo NS, Boente RD, Donatelli JM, Dai J, Diaz FJ, Demoruelle MK, Hamblin MB, Mathai SK, Ryu JH, Pope K, Walker CM, Lee JS. Treatment Outcomes for Rheumatoid Arthritis-Associated Interstitial Lung Disease: A Real-World, Multisite Study of the Impact of Immunosuppression on Pulmonary Function Trajectory. Chest 2022; 163:861-869. [PMID: 36470416 PMCID: PMC10107057 DOI: 10.1016/j.chest.2022.11.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Revised: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 11/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/08/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Rheumatoid arthritis (RA)-associated interstitial lung disease (ILD) is common in patients with RA and leads to significant morbidity and mortality. No randomized, placebo-controlled data are available that support the role of immunosuppression to treat RA-associated ILD, despite being widely used in clinical practice. RESEARCH QUESTION How does immunosuppression impact pulmonary function trajectory in a multisite retrospective cohort of patients with RA-associated ILD? STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS Patients with RA who started treatment for ILD with mycophenolate, azathioprine, or rituximab were identified retrospectively from five ILD centers. Change in lung function before and after treatment was analyzed using a linear spline mixed-effect model with random intercept. Prespecified secondary analyses examined the impact of radiologic pattern of ILD (ie, usual interstitial pneumonia [UIP] vs non-UIP) on treatment trajectory. RESULTS Two hundred twelve patients were included in the analysis: 92 patients (43.4%) were treated with azathioprine, 77 patients (36.3%) were treated with mycophenolate mofetil, and 43 patients (20.3%) were treated with rituximab. In the combined analysis of all three agents, an improvement in FVC % predicted was found after 12 months of treatment compared with the potential 12-month response without treatment (+3.90%; P ≤ .001; 95% CI, 1.95-5.84). Diffusing capacity of the lungs for carbon monoxide (Dlco) % predicted also improved at 12 months (+4.53%; P ≤ .001; 95% CI, 2.12-6.94). Neither the UIP pattern of ILD nor choice of immunosuppressive agent significantly impacted the pulmonary function trajectory on immunosuppression. INTERPRETATION Immunosuppression was associated with an improved trajectory in FVC and Dlco compared with the pretreatment pulmonary function trajectory. Prospective, randomized trials are required to validate these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Scott M Matson
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS.
| | - Misbah Baqir
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - Teng Moua
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - Michael Marll
- Department of Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO
| | - Jessica Kent
- Department of Internal Medicine, Baylor University Medical Center, Dallas, TX
| | - Nicholas S Iannazzo
- Department of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Sleep and Occupational Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN
| | - Ryan D Boente
- Department of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Sleep and Occupational Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN
| | - John M Donatelli
- Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN
| | - Junqiang Dai
- Department of Biostatistics and Data Science, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS
| | - Francisco J Diaz
- Department of Biostatistics and Data Science, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS
| | | | - Mark B Hamblin
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS
| | - Susan K Mathai
- Center for Advanced Heart and Lung Disease and Baylor Scott & White Research Institute, Baylor University Medical Center, Dallas, TX
| | - Jay H Ryu
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - Kristen Pope
- Department of Radiology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS
| | | | - Joyce S Lee
- Division of Pulmonary Sciences and Critical Care Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO
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12
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Chriswell ME, Lefferts AR, Clay MR, Hsu AR, Seifert J, Feser ML, Rims C, Bloom MS, Bemis EA, Liu S, Maerz MD, Frank DN, Demoruelle MK, Deane KD, James EA, Buckner JH, Robinson WH, Holers VM, Kuhn KA. Clonal IgA and IgG autoantibodies from individuals at risk for rheumatoid arthritis identify an arthritogenic strain of Subdoligranulum. Sci Transl Med 2022; 14. [PMID: 36288282 PMCID: PMC9804515 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.abn5166 10.1126/scitranslmed.abn5166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
The mucosal origins hypothesis of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) proposes a central role for mucosal immune responses in the initiation or perpetuation of the systemic autoimmunity that occurs with disease. However, the connection between the mucosa and systemic autoimmunity in RA remains unclear. Using dual immunoglobulin A (IgA) and IgG family plasmablast-derived monoclonal autoantibodies obtained from peripheral blood of individuals at risk for RA, we identified cross-reactivity between RA-relevant autoantigens and bacterial taxa in the closely related families Lachnospiraceae and Ruminococcaceae. After generating bacterial isolates within the Lachnospiraceae/Ruminococcaceae genus Subdoligranulum from the feces of an individual, we confirmed monoclonal antibody binding and CD4+ T cell activation in individuals with RA compared to control individuals. In addition, when Subdoligranulum isolate 7 but not isolate 1 colonized germ-free mice, it stimulated TH17 cell expansion, serum RA-relevant IgG autoantibodies, and joint swelling reminiscent of early RA, with histopathology characterized by antibody deposition and complement activation. Systemic immune responses were likely due to mucosal invasion along with the generation of colon-isolated lymphoid follicles driving increased fecal and serum IgA by isolate 7, because B and CD4+ T cell depletion not only halted intestinal immune responses but also eliminated detectable clinical disease. In aggregate, these findings demonstrate a mechanism of RA pathogenesis through which a specific intestinal strain of bacteria can drive systemic autoantibody generation and joint-centered antibody deposition and immune activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meagan E. Chriswell
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045
| | - Adam R. Lefferts
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045
| | - Michael R. Clay
- Department of Pathology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045
| | - Alex Ren Hsu
- Division of Immunology and Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305
| | - Jennifer Seifert
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045
| | - Marie L. Feser
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045
| | - Cliff Rims
- Benaroya Research Institute, Seattle, WA 98101
| | - Michelle S. Bloom
- Division of Immunology and Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305
| | - Elizabeth A. Bemis
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045
| | - Sucai Liu
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045
| | | | - Daniel N. Frank
- Division of Infectious Disease, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045
| | - M. Kristen Demoruelle
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045
| | - Kevin D. Deane
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045
| | | | | | - William H. Robinson
- Division of Immunology and Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305
| | - V. Michael Holers
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045
| | - Kristine A. Kuhn
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045,Corresponding Author:
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13
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Chriswell ME, Lefferts AR, Clay MR, Hsu AR, Seifert J, Feser ML, Rims C, Bloom MS, Bemis EA, Liu S, Maerz MD, Frank DN, Demoruelle MK, Deane KD, James EA, Buckner JH, Robinson WH, Holers VM, Kuhn KA. Clonal IgA and IgG autoantibodies from individuals at risk for rheumatoid arthritis identify an arthritogenic strain of Subdoligranulum. Sci Transl Med 2022; 14:eabn5166. [PMID: 36288282 PMCID: PMC9804515 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.abn5166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
The mucosal origins hypothesis of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) proposes a central role for mucosal immune responses in the initiation or perpetuation of the systemic autoimmunity that occurs with disease. However, the connection between the mucosa and systemic autoimmunity in RA remains unclear. Using dual immunoglobulin A (IgA) and IgG family plasmablast-derived monoclonal autoantibodies obtained from peripheral blood of individuals at risk for RA, we identified cross-reactivity between RA-relevant autoantigens and bacterial taxa in the closely related families Lachnospiraceae and Ruminococcaceae. After generating bacterial isolates within the Lachnospiraceae/Ruminococcaceae genus Subdoligranulum from the feces of an individual, we confirmed monoclonal antibody binding and CD4+ T cell activation in individuals with RA compared to control individuals. In addition, when Subdoligranulum isolate 7 but not isolate 1 colonized germ-free mice, it stimulated TH17 cell expansion, serum RA-relevant IgG autoantibodies, and joint swelling reminiscent of early RA, with histopathology characterized by antibody deposition and complement activation. Systemic immune responses were likely due to mucosal invasion along with the generation of colon-isolated lymphoid follicles driving increased fecal and serum IgA by isolate 7, because B and CD4+ T cell depletion not only halted intestinal immune responses but also eliminated detectable clinical disease. In aggregate, these findings demonstrate a mechanism of RA pathogenesis through which a specific intestinal strain of bacteria can drive systemic autoantibody generation and joint-centered antibody deposition and immune activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meagan E. Chriswell
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045
| | - Adam R. Lefferts
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045
| | - Michael R. Clay
- Department of Pathology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045
| | - Alex Ren Hsu
- Division of Immunology and Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305
| | - Jennifer Seifert
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045
| | - Marie L. Feser
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045
| | - Cliff Rims
- Benaroya Research Institute, Seattle, WA 98101
| | - Michelle S. Bloom
- Division of Immunology and Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305
| | - Elizabeth A. Bemis
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045
| | - Sucai Liu
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045
| | | | - Daniel N. Frank
- Division of Infectious Disease, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045
| | - M. Kristen Demoruelle
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045
| | - Kevin D. Deane
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045
| | | | | | - William H. Robinson
- Division of Immunology and Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305
| | - V. Michael Holers
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045
| | - Kristine A. Kuhn
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045,Corresponding Author:
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14
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Holers VM, Kuhn KA, Demoruelle MK, Norris JM, Firestein GS, James EA, Robinson WH, Buckner JH, Deane KD. Mechanism-driven strategies for prevention of rheumatoid arthritis. Rheumatol Autoimmun 2022; 2:109-119. [PMID: 36312783 PMCID: PMC9610829 DOI: 10.1002/rai2.12043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2022] [Accepted: 05/06/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
In seropositive rheumatoid arthritis (RA), the onset of clinically apparent inflammatory arthritis (IA) is typically preceded by a prolonged period of autoimmunity manifest by the presence of circulating autoantibodies that can include antibodies to citrullinated protein antigens (ACPA) and rheumatoid factor (RF). This period prior to clinical IA can be designated preclinical RA in those individuals who have progressed to a clinical diagnosis of RA, and an 'at-risk' status in those who have not developed IA but exhibit predictive biomarkers of future clinical RA. With the goal of developing RA prevention strategies, studies have characterized immune phenotypes of preclinical RA/at-risk states. From these studies, a model has emerged wherein mucosal inflammation and dysbiosis may lead first to local autoantibody production that should normally be transient, but instead is followed by systemic spread of the autoimmunity as manifest by serum autoantibody elevations, and ultimately drives the development of clinically identified joint inflammation. This model can be envisioned as the progression of disease development through serial 'checkpoints' that in principle should constrain or resolve autoimmunity; however, instead the checkpoints 'fail' and clinical RA develops. Herein we review the immune processes that are likely to be present at each step and the potential therapeutic strategies that could be envisioned to delay, diminish, halt or even reverse the progression to clinical RA. Notably, these prevention strategies could utilize existing therapies approved for clinical RA, therapies approved for other diseases that target relevant pathways in the preclinical/at-risk state, or approaches that target novel pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- V. Michael Holers
- Division of Rheumatology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Kristine A. Kuhn
- Division of Rheumatology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - M. Kristen Demoruelle
- Division of Rheumatology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Jill M. Norris
- Department of Epidemiology, Colorado School of Public Health, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Gary S. Firestein
- Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | | | - William H. Robinson
- Division of Immunology and Rheumatology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA and VA Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA 94304, USA
| | | | - Kevin D. Deane
- Division of Rheumatology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
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15
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Okamoto Y, Demoruelle MK. Reply. Arthritis Rheumatol 2022; 74:1299-1300. [PMID: 35289121 DOI: 10.1002/art.42115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2022] [Accepted: 02/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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16
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Bergstedt DT, Tarter WJ, Peterson RA, Feser ML, Parish MC, Striebich CC, Demoruelle MK, Moss L, Bemis EA, Norris JM, Holers VM, Edison JD, Thiele GM, Mikuls TR, Deane KD. Antibodies to Citrullinated Protein Antigens, Rheumatoid Factor Isotypes and the Shared Epitope and the Near-Term Development of Clinically-Apparent Rheumatoid Arthritis. Front Immunol 2022; 13:916277. [PMID: 35812446 PMCID: PMC9265214 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.916277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background/Purpose In rheumatoid arthritis (RA) autoantibodies including antibodies to citrullinated protein antigens (ACPA) and rheumatoid factor (RF) can be predictive of incident clinical RA. However, there is limited understanding of how antibody changes over time impact prediction of the likelihood and timing of future clinical RA. Materials and Methods We evaluated relationships between ACPA, the shared epitope (SE), RF isotypes and incident RA in a prospective cohort of 90 ACPA(+) individuals without baseline arthritis identified through health-fair testing (i.e. Healthfair). We also evaluated ACPA and RF isotypes and time-to-diagnosis of RA in a retrospective cohort of 215 individuals with RA from the Department of Defense Serum Repository (DoDSR). Results Twenty-six of 90 (29%) of ACPA(+) Healthfair participants developed incident RA. Baseline or incident dual RF-IgA and RF-IgM positivity was associated with increased risk for incident RA (HR 3.09; 95% CI 1.15 to 8.29) although RFs were negative in ~50% of individuals with incident RA. SE was associated with increased risk of RA (HR 2.87, 95% CI 1.22-6.76). In the DoDSR cohort, triple positivity for ACPA, RF-IgA and RF-IgM was present a median of 1-2 years prior to RA diagnosis, with some sex-specific differences. Conclusion These findings can be used to counsel individuals at-risk for future RA and to design clinical trials for RA prevention. The findings also suggest that RF could be a surrogate outcome as a success of an immunologic intervention in RA prevention. Additional studies are needed to understand the biologic of different patterns of autoantibody elevations in RA evolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dylan T. Bergstedt
- Department of Medicine, St. Joseph’s Hospital, SCL Health, Denver, CO, United States
- Division of Rheumatology, University of Colorado Denver Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, United States
| | - Wyatt J. Tarter
- Department of Biostatistics and Informatics, Colorado School of Public Health, University of Colorado-Denver Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, United States
| | - Ryan A. Peterson
- Department of Biostatistics and Informatics, Colorado School of Public Health, University of Colorado-Denver Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, United States
| | - Marie L. Feser
- Division of Rheumatology, University of Colorado Denver Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, United States
| | - Mark C. Parish
- Division of Rheumatology, University of Colorado Denver Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, United States
| | - Christopher C. Striebich
- Division of Rheumatology, University of Colorado Denver Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, United States
| | - M. Kristen Demoruelle
- Division of Rheumatology, University of Colorado Denver Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, United States
| | - LauraKay Moss
- Division of Rheumatology, University of Colorado Denver Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, United States
| | - Elizabeth A. Bemis
- Division of Rheumatology, University of Colorado Denver Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, United States
| | - Jill M. Norris
- Department of Epidemiology, Colorado School of Public Health, University of Colorado Denver Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, United States
| | - V. Michael Holers
- Division of Rheumatology, University of Colorado Denver Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, United States
| | - Jess D. Edison
- Department of Medicine, Walter Reed National Military Medical Center, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Geoffrey M. Thiele
- University of Nebraska Medical Center and VA Nebraska-Western Iowa Health Care System, Omaha, NE, United States
| | - Ted R. Mikuls
- University of Nebraska Medical Center and VA Nebraska-Western Iowa Health Care System, Omaha, NE, United States
| | - Kevin D. Deane
- Division of Rheumatology, University of Colorado Denver Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, United States
- *Correspondence: Kevin D. Deane,
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17
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Matson SM, Deane KD, Peljto AL, Bang TJ, Sachs PB, Walts AD, Collora C, Ye S, Demoruelle MK, Humphries SM, Schwartz DA, Lee JS. Prospective Identification of Subclinical Interstitial Lung Disease in a Rheumatoid Arthritis Cohort Is Associated with the MUC5B Promoter Variant. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2022; 205:473-476. [PMID: 34874815 PMCID: PMC8886943 DOI: 10.1164/rccm.202109-2087le] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - Kevin D. Deane
- University of Colorado School of MedicineAurora, Colorado
| | - Anna L. Peljto
- University of Colorado School of MedicineAurora, Colorado
| | - Tami J. Bang
- University of Colorado School of MedicineAurora, Colorado
| | - Peter B. Sachs
- University of Colorado School of MedicineAurora, Colorado
| | - Avram D. Walts
- University of Colorado School of MedicineAurora, Colorado
| | | | - Shuyu Ye
- University of Colorado School of MedicineAurora, Colorado
| | | | | | | | - Joyce S. Lee
- University of Colorado School of MedicineAurora, Colorado
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18
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Fechtner S, Berens H, Bemis E, Johnson RL, Guthridge CJ, Carlson NE, Demoruelle MK, Harley JB, Edison JD, Norris JA, Robinson WH, Deane KD, James JA, Holers VM. Antibody Responses to Epstein-Barr Virus in the Preclinical Period of Rheumatoid Arthritis Suggest the Presence of Increased Viral Reactivation Cycles. Arthritis Rheumatol 2021; 74:597-603. [PMID: 34605217 DOI: 10.1002/art.41994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2021] [Revised: 07/16/2021] [Accepted: 09/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Patients with established rheumatoid arthritis (RA) demonstrate altered immune responses to Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), but the presence and role(s) of EBV have not been fully explored in the preclinical period. We hypothesized that EBV infection, as evidenced by an altered anti-EBV antibody response, could either play an important role in driving the development or be a result of expanded RA-related autoimmunity. METHODS 83 subjects with RA based on 1987 ACR criteria and 83 matched controls were evaluated. Subject and matched control sera from the pre and post- RA diagnosis periods were tested for 5 anti-EBV antibodies (EBNA-1-IgG, VCA-IgG, EA-IgG, VCA-IgA, and EA-IgA), 7 RA-related autoantibodies (RF-neph, RF-IgA, RF-IgM, RF-IgG, CCP2, CCP3, CCP3.1), 22 cytokine/chemokine, 36 individual APCAs, and CMV-IgG antibodies. Random forest classification, mixed and joint mixed modelling were used to determine differences in anti-EBV antibodies between RA cases and controls. RESULTS Random Forest analysis identified preclinical EBV antibodies that differentiate RA subjects from controls. Specifically, EA-IgG antibody levels are higher in RA cases (0.82 ± 0.72) compared to controls (0.49 ± 0.28). Elevations in EA-IgG levels significantly correlated with increasing RF-IgM levels in future RA cases (p = 0.007) but not in controls (p = 0.150). CMV-IgG antibody levels did not differ between groups. CONCLUSION Subjects who eventually develop classified RA demonstrate elevated EA-IgG antibody levels in the preclinical period, which suggests the presence of increased EBV re-activation cycles. A combination of RF and EBV reactivation may play an important role in the development of RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabrina Fechtner
- University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Heather Berens
- University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Elizabeth Bemis
- Colorado School of Public Health, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Rachel L Johnson
- Colorado School of Public Health, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Carla J Guthridge
- University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Department of Medicine, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Edmond, OK, USA
| | - Nichole E Carlson
- Colorado School of Public Health, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | | | - John B Harley
- US Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Jess D Edison
- Walter Reed National Military Medical Center, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Jill A Norris
- Colorado School of Public Health, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - William H Robinson
- Division of Immunology and Rheumatology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA.,VA Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, California, USA
| | - Kevin D Deane
- University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Judith A James
- Arthritis & Clinical Immunology Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - V Michael Holers
- University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
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Hughes-Austin JM, Ix JH, Ward SR, Weisman MH, ODell JR, Mikuls TR, Buckner JH, Gregersen PK, Keating RM, Demoruelle MK, Deane KD, Holers VM, Norris JM. Evaluating associations of joint swelling, joint stiffness and joint pain with physical activity in first-degree relatives of patients with rheumatoid arthritis: Studies of the Aetiology of Rheumatoid Arthritis (SERA), a prospective cohort study. BMJ Open 2021; 11:e050883. [PMID: 34521672 PMCID: PMC8442039 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2021-050883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Physical activity (PA) in preclinical rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is associated with lower RA risk and disease severity. As joint signs and symptoms of inflammatory arthritis serve as a barrier to PA in RA, it is important to consider whether they affect PA in the time prior to RA. Therefore, we investigated whether joint swelling, stiffness or pain were associated with PA in first-degree relatives (FDRs) of patients with RA, a population at higher risk for future RA. DESIGN Prospective study design. SETTING We recruited FDRs of patients with RA from academic centres, Veterans' hospitals and rheumatology clinics or through responses to advertising from six sites across the USA. PARTICIPANTS We evaluated associations of joint stiffness, joint swelling and joint pain with PA time in 268 FDRs with ≥2 visits over an average 1.2 years. Clinicians confirmed joint swelling. Participants self-reported joint stiffness and/or pain. PRIMARY OUTCOME MEASURES PA during a typical 24-hour day was quantified via questionnaire, weighted to reflect metabolic expenditure, where 24 hours was the minimum PA time. Linear mixed models evaluated associations between symptoms and change in PA over time, adjusting for age, sex, race, body mass index, smoking and RA-related autoantibodies. RESULTS Average weighted PA time was 37±7 hours. In the cross-sectional analysis, PA time was 1.3±0.9 hours higher in FDRs reporting joint pain (p=0.15); and 0.8±1.6 and 0.4±1 hours lower in FDRs with joint swelling (p=0.60) and stiffness (p=0.69), respectively. Longitudinally, adjusting for baseline PA time, baseline symptoms were not significantly associated with changes in PA time. However, on average over time, joint stiffness and pain were associated with lower PA time (pinteraction=0.0002, pinteraction=0.002), and joint swelling was associated with higher PA time (pinteraction <0.0001). CONCLUSION Baseline symptoms did not predict future PA time, but on average over time, joint symptoms influenced PA time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan M Hughes-Austin
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Joachim H Ix
- Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology-Hypertension, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Samuel R Ward
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
- Department of Radiology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Michael H Weisman
- School of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - James R ODell
- College of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska, USA
| | - Ted R Mikuls
- College of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska, USA
| | - Jane H Buckner
- Translational Research Institute, Benaroya Research Institute at Virginia Mason, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Peter K Gregersen
- Roberts S Boas Center for Genomics and Human Genetics, Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Manhasset, New York, USA
| | - Richard M Keating
- Division of Rheumatology, Scripps Green Hospital, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - M Kristen Demoruelle
- School of Medicine, Department of Rheumatology, University of Colorado - Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Kevin D Deane
- School of Medicine, Department of Rheumatology, University of Colorado - Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - V Michael Holers
- School of Medicine, Department of Rheumatology, University of Colorado - Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Jill M Norris
- Department of Epidemiology, Colorado School of Public Health, University of Colorado - Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
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20
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Okamoto Y, Devoe S, Seto N, Minarchick V, Wilson T, Rothfuss HM, Mohning MP, Arbet J, Kroehl M, Visser A, August J, Thomas SM, Lenis Charry L, Fleischer C, Feser ML, Frazer-Abel AA, Norris JM, Cherrington BD, Janssen WJ, Kaplan MJ, Deane KD, Holers VM, Demoruelle MK. Sputum Neutrophil Extracellular Trap Subsets Associate with IgA Anti-Citrullinated Protein Antibodies in Subjects At-Risk for Rheumatoid Arthritis. Arthritis Rheumatol 2021; 74:38-48. [PMID: 34369110 PMCID: PMC8712364 DOI: 10.1002/art.41948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2021] [Accepted: 08/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Objective Mechanisms leading to anti–citrullinated protein antibody (ACPA) generation in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) are hypothesized to originate in the lung. We undertook this study to understand associations between neutrophil extracellular trap (NET) formation in the lung and local ACPA generation in subjects at risk of developing RA. Methods Induced sputum was collected from 49 subjects at risk of developing RA, 12 patients with RA, and 18 controls. Sputum neutrophils were tested for ex vivo NET formation, and sputum‐induced NET formation of control neutrophils was measured using immunofluorescence imaging. Sputum macrophages were tested for ex vivo endocytosis of apoptotic and opsonized cells. Levels of ACPA, NET remnants, and inflammatory proteins were quantified in sputum supernatant. Results Spontaneous citrullinated histone H3 (Cit‐H3)–expressing NET formation was higher in sputum neutrophils from at‐risk subjects and RA patients compared to controls (median 12%, 22%, and 0%, respectively; P < 0.01). In at‐risk subjects, sputum IgA ACPA correlated with the percentage of neutrophils that underwent Cit‐H3+ NET formation (r = 0.49, P = 0.002) and levels of Cit‐H3+ NET remnants (r = 0.70, P < 0.001). Reduced endocytic capacity of sputum macrophages was found in at‐risk subjects and RA patients compared to controls. Using a mediation model, we found that sputum inflammatory proteins were associated with sputum IgA ACPA through a pathway mediated by Cit‐H3+ NET remnants. Sputum‐induced Cit‐H3+ NET formation also correlated with sputum levels of interleukin‐1β (IL‐1β), IL‐6, and tumor necrosis factor in at‐risk subjects, suggesting a causal relationship. Conclusion These data support a potential mechanism for mucosal ACPA generation in subjects at risk of developing RA, whereby inflammation leads to increased citrullinated protein–expressing NETs that promote local ACPA generation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuko Okamoto
- University of Colorado Denver, Division of Rheumatology, Aurora, CO, USA.,Tokyo Women's Medical University School of Medicine, Department of Rheumatology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Stephanie Devoe
- University of Colorado Denver, Department of Immunology, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Nickie Seto
- Systemic Autoimmunity Branch, National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda
| | - Valerie Minarchick
- University of Colorado Denver, Division of Rheumatology, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Timothy Wilson
- University of Colorado Denver, Division of Rheumatology, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Heather M Rothfuss
- University of Wyoming, Department of Zoology and Physiology, Laramie, WY, USA
| | - Michael P Mohning
- National Jewish Health, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Denver, CO, USA
| | - Jaron Arbet
- University of Colorado Denver, Department of Biostatistics and Informatics, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Miranda Kroehl
- University of Colorado Denver, Department of Biostatistics and Informatics, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Ashley Visser
- University of Colorado Denver, Division of Rheumatology, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Justin August
- University of Colorado Denver, Division of Rheumatology, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Stacey M Thomas
- National Jewish Health, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Denver, CO, USA
| | - Laura Lenis Charry
- University of Colorado Denver, Division of Rheumatology, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Chelsie Fleischer
- University of Colorado Denver, Division of Rheumatology, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Marie L Feser
- University of Colorado Denver, Division of Rheumatology, Aurora, CO, USA
| | | | - Jill M Norris
- Colorado School of Public Health, Department of Epidemiology, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Brian D Cherrington
- University of Wyoming, Department of Zoology and Physiology, Laramie, WY, USA
| | - William J Janssen
- National Jewish Health, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Denver, CO, USA
| | - Mariana J Kaplan
- Systemic Autoimmunity Branch, National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda
| | - Kevin D Deane
- University of Colorado Denver, Division of Rheumatology, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - V Michael Holers
- University of Colorado Denver, Division of Rheumatology, Aurora, CO, USA
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21
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Bettner LF, Peterson RA, Bergstedt DT, Kelmenson LB, Demoruelle MK, Mikuls TR, Edison JD, Parish MC, Feser ML, Frazer-Abel AA, Moss LK, Mahler M, Holers VM, Deane KD. Combinations of Anticyclic Citrullinated Protein Antibody, Rheumatoid Factor, and Serum Calprotectin Positivity Are Associated With the Diagnosis of Rheumatoid Arthritis Within 3 Years. ACR Open Rheumatol 2021; 3:684-689. [PMID: 34288565 PMCID: PMC8516104 DOI: 10.1002/acr2.11309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2021] [Accepted: 06/15/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective To evaluate the prevalence of elevations of anti‐cyclic citrullinated peptide‐3 (anti‐CCP3) antibody, rheumatoid factor IgM (RF‐IgM) and serum calprotectin (sCP) in pre–rheumatoid arthritis (RA) as well as the diagnostic accuracies of these biomarkers for the timing of diagnosis of future RA. Methods A total of 215 RA cases, each with approximately three pre‐RA diagnoses and one post–RA diagnosis serum sample, and controls were identified from the Department of Defense Serum Repository. All case samples and a single sample from each control subject were tested for anti‐CCP3 (IgG), RF‐IgM, and sCP. The diagnostic accuracies of biomarkers for future RA were evaluated. Results Anti‐CCP3, RF‐IgM, and sCP were elevated in pre‐RA, with anti‐CCP3 and sCP significantly elevated compared with RF‐IgM at the earliest time points. Within the cases, the combination of anti‐CCP3 and RF‐IgM positivity had a positive predictive value (PPV) of 35.6% for a diagnosis of RA in 3 years or less, which is significantly higher than the PPV of 18.7% for anti‐CCP3 positivity alone (P < 0.001). A combination of anti‐CCP3, RF‐IgM, and sCP had the highest PPV (53.0%) for a diagnosis of RA in 3 years or less; however, this was not significantly higher than the PPV for anti‐CCP3 and RF‐IgM positivity (P = 0.248). Conclusion Anti‐CCP3, RF‐IgM, and sCP are elevated in pre‐RA; furthermore, combinations of elevations of these biomarkers are more commonly seen in the period of less than or equal to 3 years to diagnosis. This may be considered in creating inclusion criteria in prevention trials in RA. In addition, the biologic relationships of these biomarkers in pre‐RA need exploration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leah F Bettner
- University of Colorado, Aurora, Colorado, and University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
| | - Ryan A Peterson
- University of Colorado and Colorado School of Public Health, Aurora
| | | | | | | | - Ted R Mikuls
- Veterans Affairs Nebraska-Western Iowa Health Care System and University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska
| | - Jess D Edison
- Walter Reed National Military Medical Center, Bethesda, Maryland
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22
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Demoruelle MK, Wang H, Davis RL, Visser A, Hoang J, Norris JM, Holers VM, Deane KD, Darrah E. Anti-peptidylarginine deiminase-4 antibodies at mucosal sites can activate peptidylarginine deiminase-4 enzyme activity in rheumatoid arthritis. Arthritis Res Ther 2021; 23:163. [PMID: 34092252 PMCID: PMC8182933 DOI: 10.1186/s13075-021-02528-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2021] [Accepted: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Mucosal sites are hypothesized to play a role in the development of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Since serum anti-peptidylarginine deiminase (PAD)4 antibodies, including a subset that cross-react with PAD3 (PAD3/4), are specific for RA and associate with severe disease, we sought to examine whether anti-PAD4 and anti-PAD3/4 antibodies were present in the lung and oral mucosa of subjects with RA and “at-risk” for RA. Methods We included 37 RA, 25 healthy control, and 46 subjects “at-risk” for RA based on familial RA and/or serum anti-citrullinated protein antibody (ACPA) positivity. Paired serum, sputum, and saliva were evaluated for anti-PAD4 and anti-PAD3/4 using immunoprecipitation and ACPA using ELISA. Immunoglobulins (Ig) were purified from representative samples, and their effect on citrullination of histone H3 by recombinant human PAD4 was measured by anti-citH3 immunoblot. Results Anti-PAD4 antibodies were detected in the serum of 6/37 (16.2%), sputum of 3/37 (8.1%), and saliva of 3/33 (9.1%) RA subjects and in the serum and sputum of 1/46 (2.2%) at-risk subjects. None of the healthy controls had anti-PAD4 antibodies at any site. Serum, sputum, and salivary anti-PAD4 antibodies were more prevalent in RA subjects with RA duration >2 years. Purified antibodies from representative anti-PAD4-positive and anti-PAD3/4-positive sputum were primarily of the IgA isotype and able to increase PAD4 enzymatic activity. Conclusions Anti-PAD4 antibodies are present in the sputum and saliva of a portion of RA patients and are infrequent in at-risk subjects. Importantly, the ability of anti-PAD4, and particularly anti-PAD3/4, antibodies in the sputum to enhance PAD4 enzymatic activity suggests that anti-PAD4 may play an active role in the RA lung.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Kristen Demoruelle
- Division of Rheumatology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, 1775 Aurora Court, Mail Stop B-115, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA.
| | - Hong Wang
- Division of Rheumatology, The Johns Hopkins University, 5200 Eastern Ave. Suite 5300, Baltimore, MD, 21224, USA
| | - Ryan L Davis
- Division of Rheumatology, The Johns Hopkins University, 5200 Eastern Ave. Suite 5300, Baltimore, MD, 21224, USA
| | - Ashley Visser
- Division of Rheumatology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, 1775 Aurora Court, Mail Stop B-115, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
| | - Johnny Hoang
- Division of Rheumatology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, 1775 Aurora Court, Mail Stop B-115, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
| | | | - V Michael Holers
- Division of Rheumatology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, 1775 Aurora Court, Mail Stop B-115, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
| | - Kevin D Deane
- Division of Rheumatology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, 1775 Aurora Court, Mail Stop B-115, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
| | - Erika Darrah
- Division of Rheumatology, The Johns Hopkins University, 5200 Eastern Ave. Suite 5300, Baltimore, MD, 21224, USA.
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23
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Mangalea MR, Paez-Espino D, Kieft K, Chatterjee A, Chriswell ME, Seifert JA, Feser ML, Demoruelle MK, Sakatos A, Anantharaman K, Deane KD, Kuhn KA, Holers VM, Duerkop BA. Individuals at risk for rheumatoid arthritis harbor differential intestinal bacteriophage communities with distinct metabolic potential. Cell Host Microbe 2021; 29:726-739.e5. [PMID: 33957082 PMCID: PMC8186507 DOI: 10.1016/j.chom.2021.03.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2021] [Revised: 03/12/2021] [Accepted: 03/30/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune disease characterized in seropositive individuals by the presence of anti-cyclic citrullinated protein (CCP) antibodies. RA is linked to the intestinal microbiota, yet the association of microbes with CCP serology and their contribution to RA is unclear. We describe intestinal phage communities of individuals at risk for developing RA, with or without anti-CCP antibodies, whose first-degree relatives have been diagnosed with RA. We show that at-risk individuals harbor intestinal phage compositions that diverge based on CCP serology, are dominated by Streptococcaceae, Bacteroidaceae, and Lachnospiraceae phages, and may originate from disparate ecosystems. These phages encode unique repertoires of auxiliary metabolic genes, which associate with anti-CCP status, suggesting that these phages directly influence the metabolic and immunomodulatory capability of the microbiota. This work sets the stage for the use of phages as preclinical biomarkers and provides insight into a possible microbial-based causation of RA disease development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mihnea R Mangalea
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | | | - Kristopher Kieft
- Department of Bacteriology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53715, USA
| | - Anushila Chatterjee
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Meagan E Chriswell
- Division of Rheumatology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Jennifer A Seifert
- Division of Rheumatology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Marie L Feser
- Division of Rheumatology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - M Kristen Demoruelle
- Division of Rheumatology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | | | - Karthik Anantharaman
- Department of Bacteriology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53715, USA
| | - Kevin D Deane
- Division of Rheumatology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Kristine A Kuhn
- Division of Rheumatology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - V Michael Holers
- Division of Rheumatology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Breck A Duerkop
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO 80045, USA.
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24
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Chriswell M, Bloom M, Seifert JA, Feser M, Demoruelle MK, Deane KD, Norris JM, Robinson WH, Holers VM, Kuhn KA. Dual IgA/IgG family plasmablast-derived mAbs from peripheral blood of individuals at risk for rheumatoid arthritis are polyreactive to autoantigens and intestinal bacteria. The Journal of Immunology 2021. [DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.206.supp.52.01] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/10/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
A wide array of data supports rheumatoid arthritis (RA) as a disease with mucosal origins, including presence of IgA RA-associated autoantibodies in peripheral blood and biomarkers of inflammation at mucosal sites. Individuals at-risk for developing RA, (serum autoantibody+, without joint disease), can be characterized by an expansion in dual-family IgA/IgG circulating plasmablasts. We examined the characteristics of mAbs generated from these plasmablasts in at-risk (n=4) and early RA (<1 year from diagnosis, n=2) subjects. The variable regions of the plasmablasts were sequenced and clonal families mapped. 94 total heavy and light chain sequences were cloned into a mouse IgG2a constant region. All 94 expressed mAbs bound RA-related citrullinated/uncitrullinated synovial targets in an antigen array, demonstrating polyreactivity. As these mAbs were derived from IgA-containing clonal families, we queried if they have commensal bacterial targets by exposing them to a human fecal bacterial pool. 61.7% of mAbs had bacterial targets, suggesting additional polyreactivity. Bound bacteria were 16S rRNA sequenced. Interestingly, 56.31% ±12.85 of bound bacteria were of families Lachnospiraceae/Ruminococcaceae. A smaller subset of Vh genes were utilized among bacterially reactive plasmablast mAbs as compared to the wider population, though mutations from germline remained static between groups. Specifically, mAbs utilizing IgHV4-4, V3-64, V3-66, and V3-74 were bacterially reactive, and mAbs utilizing IgHV4-39, V4-59, V3-33, and V3-43 were not bacterially reactive. This demonstrates a link between mucosal and systemic immune systems in RA, suggesting an early mucosal trigger for disease-specific autoantibody development.
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25
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Duvvuri B, Baddour AA, Deane KD, Feser ML, Nelson JL, Demoruelle MK, Lood C. Mitochondrial N-formyl methionine peptides associate with disease activity as well as contribute to neutrophil activation in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. J Autoimmun 2021; 119:102630. [PMID: 33713887 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaut.2021.102630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2021] [Revised: 02/23/2021] [Accepted: 02/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Literature suggests that neutrophils of patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) are primed to respond to N-formyl methionine group (formylated peptides). Animal models indicate that formylated peptides contribute to joint damage via neutrophil recruitment and inflammation in joints. Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs are also known to inhibit formyl peptide-induced neutrophil activation. The predominant source of formylated peptides in sterile inflammatory conditions like RA is mitochondria, organelles with prokaryotic molecular signatures. However, there is no direct evidence of mitochondrial formyl peptides (mtNFPs) in the circulation of patients with RA and their potential role in neutrophil-mediated inflammation in RA, including their clinical significance. METHODS Levels of mtNFPs (total fMet, MT-ND6) were analyzed using ELISA in plasma and serum obtained from patients in 3 cross-sectional RA cohorts (n = 275), a longitudinal inception cohort (n = 192) followed for a median of 8 years, and age/gender-matched healthy controls (total n = 134). Neutrophil activation assays were done in the absence or presence of formyl peptide receptor 1 (FPR1) inhibitor cyclosporine H. RESULTS Elevated levels of total fMet were observed in the circulation of patients with RA as compared to healthy controls (p < 0.0001) associating with disease activity and could distinguish patients with the active disease from patients with inactive disease or patients in remission. Baseline levels of total fMet correlated with current and future joint involvement, respectively and predicted the development of rheumatoid nodules (OR = 1.2, p = 0.04). Further, total fMet levels improved the prognostic ability of ACPA in predicting erosive disease (OR of 7.9, p = 0.001). Total fMet levels correlated with markers of inflammation and neutrophil activation. Circulating mtNFPs induced neutrophil activation in vitro through FPR1-dependent mechanisms. CONCLUSIONS Circulating mtNFPs could be novel biomarkers of disease monitoring and prognosis for RA and in investigating neutrophil-mediated inflammation in RA. We propose, FPR1 as a novel therapeutic target for RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bhargavi Duvvuri
- Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Al Anoud Baddour
- Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Kevin D Deane
- Division of Rheumatology, University of Colorado-Denver, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Marie L Feser
- Division of Rheumatology, University of Colorado-Denver, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - J Lee Nelson
- Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA; Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | | | - Christian Lood
- Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
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Mohning MP, Amigues I, Demoruelle MK, Fernández Pérez ER, Huie TJ, Keith RK, Olson AL, Yunt ZX, Chung JH, Hobbs S, Swigris JJ, Solomon JJ. Duration of rheumatoid arthritis and the risk of developing interstitial lung disease. ERJ Open Res 2021; 7:00633-2020. [PMID: 33644223 PMCID: PMC7897845 DOI: 10.1183/23120541.00633-2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2020] [Accepted: 09/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis is an autoimmune disease that classically presents as a symmetrical inflammatory polyarthritis. Extra-articular manifestations are prevalent, with the lungs being the most common site [1], and interstitial lung disease (ILD) being the most severe form of pulmonary involvement. In some studies, the median survival of patients with rheumatoid arthritis and a usual interstitial pneumonia (UIP) pattern on high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) is around 3 years (similar to that in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) [2, 3]); however, in other studies, median survival is >7 years [4, 5]. When present, ILD accounts for 10–20% of all deaths in rheumatoid arthritis [6]. Age of ILD onset is similar in patients with RA-UIP and RA-NSIP but duration of RA before ILD onset differshttps://bit.ly/3lgjfDJ
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael P Mohning
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Dept of Medicine, National Jewish Health, Denver, CO, USA
| | - Isabelle Amigues
- Division of Rheumatology, National Jewish Health, Denver, CO, USA
| | - M Kristen Demoruelle
- Division of Rheumatology, National Jewish Health, Denver, CO, USA.,Division of Rheumatology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Evans R Fernández Pérez
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Dept of Medicine, National Jewish Health, Denver, CO, USA
| | - Tristan J Huie
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Dept of Medicine, National Jewish Health, Denver, CO, USA
| | - Rebecca K Keith
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Dept of Medicine, National Jewish Health, Denver, CO, USA
| | - Amy L Olson
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Dept of Medicine, National Jewish Health, Denver, CO, USA
| | - Zulma X Yunt
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Dept of Medicine, National Jewish Health, Denver, CO, USA
| | | | - Stephen Hobbs
- Dept of Radiology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Jeffrey J Swigris
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Dept of Medicine, National Jewish Health, Denver, CO, USA
| | - Joshua J Solomon
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Dept of Medicine, National Jewish Health, Denver, CO, USA
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Bemis EA, Demoruelle MK, Seifert JA, Polinski KJ, Weisman MH, Buckner JH, Gregersen PK, Mikuls TR, ODell JR, Keating RM, Deane KD, Holers VM, Norris JM. Factors associated with progression to inflammatory arthritis in first-degree relatives of individuals with RA following autoantibody positive screening in a non-clinical setting. Ann Rheum Dis 2021; 80:154-161. [PMID: 32928740 PMCID: PMC7855648 DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2020-217066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2020] [Revised: 08/14/2020] [Accepted: 08/17/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Little is known about the likelihood of developing inflammatory arthritis (IA) in individuals who screen autoantibody positive (aAb+) in a non-clinical research setting. METHODS We screened for serum cyclic citrullinated peptide antibody (anti-CCP) and rheumatoid factor isotype aAbs in subjects who were at increased risk for rheumatoid arthritis (RA) because they are a first-degree relative of an individual with classified RA (n=1780). We evaluated combinations of aAbs and high titre aAbs, as defined by 2-times (2 x) the standard cut-off and an optimal cut-off, as predictors of our two outcomes, aAb+ persistence and incident IA. RESULTS 304 subjects (17.1%) tested aAb+; of those, 131 were IA-free and had at least one follow-up visit. Sixty-four per cent of these tested aAb+ again on their next visit. Anti-CCP+ at levels ≥2 x the standard cut-off was associated with 13-fold higher likelihood of aAb +persistence. During a median of 4.4 years (IQR: 2.2-7.2), 20 subjects (15.3%) developed IA. Among subjects that screened anti-CCP+ at ≥ 2 x or ≥an optimal cut-off, 32% and 26% had developed IA within 5 years, respectively. Both anti-CCP cut-offs conferred an approximate fourfold increased risk of future IA (HR 4.09 and HR 3.95, p<0.01). CONCLUSIONS These findings support that aAb screening in a non-clinical setting can identify RA-related aAb+ individuals, as well as levels and combinations of aAbs that are associated with higher risk for future IA. Monitoring for the development of IA in aAb+ individuals and similar aAb testing approaches in at-risk populations may identify candidates for prevention studies in RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth A Bemis
- Department of Epidemiology, Colorado School of Public Health, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - M Kristen Demoruelle
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Denver, Colorado, USA
| | - Jennifer A Seifert
- Department of Epidemiology, Colorado School of Public Health, Aurora, Colorado, USA
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Denver, Colorado, USA
| | - Kristen J Polinski
- Department of Epidemiology, Colorado School of Public Health, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Michael H Weisman
- Division of Rheumatology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Jane H Buckner
- Department of Immunology, Benaroya Research Institute at Virginia Mason, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Peter K Gregersen
- Robert S. Boas Center for Genomics and Human Genetics, The Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, North Shore-Long Island Jewish Health System, Manhasset, New York, USA
| | - Ted R Mikuls
- Division of Rheumatology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska, USA
- Division of Rheumatology, Veterans Affairs (VA) Nebraska-Western Iowa Health Care System, Omaha, Nebraska, USA
| | - James R ODell
- Division of Rheumatology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska, USA
- Division of Rheumatology, Veterans Affairs (VA) Nebraska-Western Iowa Health Care System, Omaha, Nebraska, USA
| | - Richard M Keating
- Division of Rheumatology, Scripps Clinic/Scripps Green Hospital, San Diego, California, USA
| | - Kevin D Deane
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Denver, Colorado, USA
| | - V Michael Holers
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Denver, Colorado, USA
| | - Jill M Norris
- Department of Epidemiology, Colorado School of Public Health, Aurora, Colorado, USA
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Polinski KJ, Bemis EA, Yang F, Crume T, Demoruelle MK, Feser M, Seifert J, O'Dell JR, Mikuls TR, Weisman MH, Gregersen PK, Keating RM, Buckner J, Reisdorph N, Deane KD, Clare-Salzler M, Holers VM, Norris JM. Association of Lipid Mediators With Development of Future Incident Inflammatory Arthritis in an Anti-Citrullinated Protein Antibody-Positive Population. Arthritis Rheumatol 2021; 73:955-962. [PMID: 33381911 DOI: 10.1002/art.41631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2020] [Accepted: 12/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine the association of polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA)-derived lipid mediators with progression from rheumatoid arthritis (RA)-related autoimmunity to inflammatory arthritis (IA). METHODS We conducted a prospective cohort study using data from the Studies of the Etiology of Rheumatoid Arthritis (SERA). SERA enrolled first-degree relatives (FDRs) of individuals with RA (FDR cohort) and individuals who screened positive for RA-related autoantibodies at health fairs (screened cohort). We followed up 133 anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide 3.1 (anti-CCP3.1)-positive participants, 29 of whom developed IA. Lipid mediators selected a priori were quantified from stored plasma samples using liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry. We fit multivariable Cox proportional hazards models for each lipid mediator as a time-varying variable. For lipid mediators found to be significantly associated with IA, we then examined interleukin-1β (IL-1β), IL-6, IL-8, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF) as potential statistical mediators. RESULTS For every 1 natural log pg/ml increase in the circulating plasma levels of proinflammatory 5-HETE, the risk of developing IA increased by 241% (hazard ratio 2.41 [95% confidence interval 1.43-4.07]) after adjusting for age at baseline, cohort (FDR or screened), and shared epitope status. The models examining 15-HETE and 17-HDHA had the same trend but did not reach significance. We did not find evidence that the association between 5-HETE and IA risk was influenced by the proinflammatory cytokines tested. CONCLUSION In a prospective cohort of anti-CCP-positive individuals, higher levels of 5-HETE, an important precursor to proinflammatory leukotrienes, is associated with subsequent IA. Our findings highlight the potential significance of these PUFA metabolites in pre-RA populations.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Fan Yang
- Colorado School of Public Health, Aurora
| | | | | | - Marie Feser
- University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Jane Buckner
- Benaroya Research Institute at Virginia Mason, Seattle, Washington
| | - Nichole Reisdorph
- University of Colorado Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Aurora
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Polinski KJ, Bemis EA, Feser M, Seifert J, Demoruelle MK, Striebich CC, Brake S, O'Dell JR, Mikuls TR, Weisman MH, Gregersen PK, Keating RM, Buckner J, Nicassio P, Holers VM, Deane KD, Norris JM. Perceived Stress and Inflammatory Arthritis: A Prospective Investigation in the Studies of the Etiologies of Rheumatoid Arthritis Cohort. Arthritis Care Res (Hoboken) 2020; 72:1766-1771. [PMID: 31600025 DOI: 10.1002/acr.24085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2019] [Accepted: 10/01/2019] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to determine the association of perceived stress with incident inflammatory arthritis (IA) defined as having at least 1 joint consistent with rheumatoid arthritis (RA)-like synovitis based on examination. METHODS We conducted a prospective cohort study in the Studies of the Etiologies of Rheumatoid Arthritis cohort. Participants without IA were recruited if they were a first-degree relative of an RA proband or screened positive for anti-citrullinated protein antibody. Perceived stress was measured using the Perceived Stress Scale-14 (PSS-14), in which scores can range from 0 to 56, and a higher score indicates greater perceived stress. The total PSS-14 score, as well as 2 subscores indicative of perceived distress and self-efficacy, were averaged across all study visits until development of IA or the last follow-up. Hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) of IA associated with average PSS-14 scores were obtained using Cox proportional hazards models. RESULTS The mean total PSS-14 score was 20.4. We found that a 1-point increase in the perceived distress score was significantly associated with a 10-percent increase in the risk of IA (adjusted HR 1.10 [95% CI 1.02-1.19]). Total PSS-14 and self-efficacy were not associated with IA risk (adjusted HR 1.05 [95% CI 0.99-1.10] and 1.04 [95% CI 0.91-1.18], respectively). CONCLUSION An association between perceived distress and incident IA was observed in this at-risk cohort. Replication of this finding in other preclinical and at-risk RA populations is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Marie Feser
- University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Peter K Gregersen
- Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research and North Shore-Long Island Jewish Health System, Manhasset, New York
| | | | - Jane Buckner
- Benaroya Research Institute at Virginia Mason, Seattle, Washington
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Demoruelle MK. Improving the Prediction of Rheumatoid Arthritis Using Multiple Anti–Cyclic Citrullinated Peptide Assays. Arthritis Rheumatol 2020; 72:1789-1790. [DOI: 10.1002/art.41471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2020] [Accepted: 07/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW This review will summarize recent data defining the relationship between rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and the microbiome at mucosal sites throughout the body. It will highlight what is known, what is speculated, and current knowledge gaps regarding the microbiome in RA. RECENT FINDINGS An extensive relationship between the microbiome and immune cell function can influence RA-related inflammation and T cell and B cell biology. Studies are beginning to characterize microbial changes in individuals who are at risk for RA, which is a critical element needed to understand the influence of the microbiome on RA pathogenesis. Expanding our understanding of the microbiome in RA beyond the bacteria at the gut and oral mucosae into the lung and urogenital surfaces, including viral and fungal components, and establishing the relationship across mucosal sites will be critical in future work. Importantly, approaches to manipulate the microbiome could lead to novel therapeutic and preventive strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothy M Wilson
- Division of Rheumatology, University of Colorado Denver, 1775 Aurora Court, Mail Stop B-115, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
| | - Brandon Trent
- Division of Rheumatology, University of Colorado Denver, 1775 Aurora Court, Mail Stop B-115, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
| | - Kristine A Kuhn
- Division of Rheumatology, University of Colorado Denver, 1775 Aurora Court, Mail Stop B-115, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
| | - M Kristen Demoruelle
- Division of Rheumatology, University of Colorado Denver, 1775 Aurora Court, Mail Stop B-115, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA.
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Ratanawatkul P, Solomon JJ, Kim D, George MP, Matarrese McGibbon LR, Demoruelle MK, Maleki-Fischbach M, Amigues I, Kastsianok L, Fernández Pérez ER. Trends in systemic sclerosis and systemic sclerosis-related pulmonary arterial hypertension mortality in the USA. ERJ Open Res 2020; 6:00309-2019. [PMID: 32577417 PMCID: PMC7293989 DOI: 10.1183/23120541.00309-2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2019] [Accepted: 03/11/2020] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
There are limited data nationwide on the burden of systemic sclerosis (SSc)-related mortality. We aimed to determine recent trends in SSc and SSc-related pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) mortality overall and across population subgroups. Using death certificate data from the National Center for Health Statistics, we computed the age-adjusted mortality rates of SSc and SSc-SSc−PAH, a lethal prevailing complication, across demographic groups, geographic regions and comorbid cardiorespiratory conditions, and used Joinpoint regression analysis to calculate the average annual percentage change (APC) in mortality. From 2003 to 2016, 25 175 death records contained a code for SSc. Decedents were predominantly female (81%) and white (73%), with an average age of 66±14 years. The age-adjusted mortality rate decreased by 3% per year from 6.6 in 2003 to 4.3 per 1 000 000 population in 2016. Also, a decreasing trend was found when SSc was stratified by age, sex, race and geographic region. The prevalence of PAH was 23%. The odds of PAH were highest in female and black decedents, and in decedents with concomitant pulmonary embolism, cardiomyopathy and interstitial lung disease (ILD). SSc−PAH mortality remained stable from 2003 to 2008 then decreased by 3% per year from 2008 to 2016. In decedents with SSc−PAH, among all concomitant comorbidities, the mortality rate associated with ILD had the highest increase (average APC 6%, 95% CI 2%−10%). The mortality rate from SSc decreased from 2003 to 2016. Decreases in mortality rates were similar across demographic groups and geographic regions. SSc−PAH-related mortality remained stable. The death rate for SSc−ILD and concomitant PAH increased during this period. While SSc-PAH-related mortality remained stable, SSc-ILD and concomitant PAH mortality increased from 2003 to 2016http://bit.ly/3d9G0pp
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Affiliation(s)
- Pailin Ratanawatkul
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Joshua J Solomon
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, National Jewish Health, Denver, CO, USA
| | - Darlene Kim
- Division of Cardiology, National Jewish Health, Denver, CO, USA
| | - Marjorie P George
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, National Jewish Health, Denver, CO, USA
| | | | | | | | - Isabelle Amigues
- Division of Rheumatology, National Jewish Health, Denver, CO, USA
| | | | - Evans R Fernández Pérez
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, National Jewish Health, Denver, CO, USA
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Song YJ, Choi IA, Meylan F, Demoruelle MK, Farley T, Richard AC, Hawley E, Botson J, Hong YJ, Lee EY, Mian SR, Hamilton BC, Thiele GM, Mikuls TR, Gara N, Ward CD, Lamberth S, Deane KD, Heller T, Ward MM, Lee DM, Migone TS, Stohl W, O'Dell JR, Norris JM, Holers VM, Gregersen P, Song YW, Siegel RM. Circulating TNF-like protein 1A (TL1A) is elevated early in rheumatoid arthritis and depends on TNF. Arthritis Res Ther 2020; 22:106. [PMID: 32381123 PMCID: PMC7204024 DOI: 10.1186/s13075-020-02198-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2019] [Accepted: 04/23/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The tumor necrosis factor (TNF) superfamily cytokine TNF-like protein 1A (TL1A) and its receptor DR3 are essential for diverse animal models of autoimmune disease and may be pathogenic in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). However, the relationship of TL1A to disease duration, activity, and response to anti-TNF and other therapies in RA is not clear. Methods We measured soluble TL1A in synovial fluid (SF), serum, or plasma from RA first-degree relatives (FDRs) and in early RA and established disease. We measured the effects of anti-TNF and methotrexate (MTX) therapy on circulating TL1A from multiple independent RA treatment trials. We also determined the ability of a blocking anti-TL1A antibody to inhibit clinical disease and articular bone destruction in the murine collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) model of human RA. Results Soluble TL1A was specifically elevated in the blood and SF of patients with RA compared to patients with other diseases and was elevated early in disease and in at-risk anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide (CCP) (+) first-degree relatives (FDRs). Therapeutic TNF inhibition reduced serum TL1A in both responders and non-responders, whereas TL1A declined following MTX treatment only in responders. In murine CIA, TL1A blockade was clinically efficacious and reduced bone erosions. Conclusions TL1A is specifically elevated in RA from early in the disease course and in at-risk FDRs. The decline in TL1A after TNF blockade suggests that TL1A levels may be a useful biomarker for TNF activity in RA. These results support the further investigation of the relationship between TL1A and TNF and TL1A blockade as a potential therapeutic strategy in RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun-Jeong Song
- Immunoregulation Section, Autoimmunity Branch, NIAMS, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - In Ah Choi
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, MMBS, Medical Research Center, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Françoise Meylan
- Immunoregulation Section, Autoimmunity Branch, NIAMS, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - M Kristen Demoruelle
- Division of Rheumatology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, 80207, USA
| | - Taylor Farley
- Immunoregulation Section, Autoimmunity Branch, NIAMS, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Arianne C Richard
- Immunoregulation Section, Autoimmunity Branch, NIAMS, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Eric Hawley
- Immunoregulation Section, Autoimmunity Branch, NIAMS, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - John Botson
- Immunoregulation Section, Autoimmunity Branch, NIAMS, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Yoo Jin Hong
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, MMBS, Medical Research Center, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Eun Young Lee
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, MMBS, Medical Research Center, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sabina R Mian
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Los Angeles County University of Southern California Medical Center and University of Southern California Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Bartlett C Hamilton
- Rheumatology Division, Department of Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center and VA Nebraska-Western Iowa Health Care System, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Geoffrey M Thiele
- Rheumatology Division, Department of Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center and VA Nebraska-Western Iowa Health Care System, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Ted R Mikuls
- Rheumatology Division, Department of Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center and VA Nebraska-Western Iowa Health Care System, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Naveen Gara
- Liver Diseases Branch, NIDDK, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | | | - Sarah Lamberth
- Immunology Biomarkers group, Pharmaceutical Companies of J&J, LLC, Spring House, PA, USA
| | - Kevin D Deane
- Division of Rheumatology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, 80207, USA
| | - Theo Heller
- Liver Diseases Branch, NIDDK, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Michael M Ward
- Clinical Trials and Outcomes Branch, NIAMS, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - David M Lee
- Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.,Present address: Janssen Research and Development, Spring House, PA, USA
| | | | - William Stohl
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Los Angeles County University of Southern California Medical Center and University of Southern California Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - James R O'Dell
- Rheumatology Division, Department of Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center and VA Nebraska-Western Iowa Health Care System, Omaha, NE, USA
| | | | - V Michael Holers
- Division of Rheumatology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, 80207, USA
| | - Peter Gregersen
- Center for Genomics & Human Genetics, The Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Hofstra North Shore-LIJ School of Medicine, Manhasset, NY, USA
| | - Yeong-Wook Song
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, MMBS, Medical Research Center, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Richard M Siegel
- Immunoregulation Section, Autoimmunity Branch, NIAMS, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA.
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Li G, Young CH, Snow B, Christensen AO, Demoruelle MK, Nemmara VV, Thompson PR, Rothfuss HM, Cherrington BD. Identification and Characterization of the Lactating Mouse Mammary Gland Citrullinome. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21072634. [PMID: 32290104 PMCID: PMC7177251 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21072634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2020] [Revised: 04/07/2020] [Accepted: 04/08/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Citrullination is a post-translational modification (PTM) in which positively charged peptidyl-arginine is converted into neutral peptidyl-citrulline by peptidylarginine deiminase (PAD or PADI) enzymes. The full protein citrullinome in many tissues is unknown. Herein, we used mass spectrometry and identified 107 citrullinated proteins in the lactation day 9 (L9) mouse mammary gland including histone H2A, α-tubulin, and β-casein. Given the importance of prolactin to lactation, we next tested if it stimulates PAD-catalyzed citrullination using mouse mammary epithelial CID-9 cells. Stimulation of CID-9 cells with 5 µg/mL prolactin for 10 min induced a 2-fold increase in histone H2A citrullination and a 4.5-fold increase in α-tubulin citrullination. We next investigated if prolactin-induced citrullination regulates the expression of lactation genes β-casein (Csn2) and butyrophilin (Btn1a1). Prolactin treatment for 12 h increased β-casein and butyrophilin mRNA expression; however, this increase was significantly inhibited by the pan-PAD inhibitor, BB-Cl-amidine (BB-ClA). We also examined the effect of tubulin citrullination on the overall polymerization rate of microtubules. Our results show that citrullinated tubulin had a higher maximum overall polymerization rate. Our work suggests that protein citrullination is an important PTM that regulates gene expression and microtubule dynamics in mammary epithelial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangyuan Li
- Department of Zoology and Physiology, University of Wyoming, Laramie, WY 82071, USA; (G.L.); (C.H.Y.); (B.S.); (A.O.C.); (H.M.R.)
| | - Coleman H. Young
- Department of Zoology and Physiology, University of Wyoming, Laramie, WY 82071, USA; (G.L.); (C.H.Y.); (B.S.); (A.O.C.); (H.M.R.)
| | - Bryce Snow
- Department of Zoology and Physiology, University of Wyoming, Laramie, WY 82071, USA; (G.L.); (C.H.Y.); (B.S.); (A.O.C.); (H.M.R.)
| | - Amanda O. Christensen
- Department of Zoology and Physiology, University of Wyoming, Laramie, WY 82071, USA; (G.L.); (C.H.Y.); (B.S.); (A.O.C.); (H.M.R.)
| | - M. Kristen Demoruelle
- Division of Rheumatology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO 80045, USA;
| | - Venkatesh V. Nemmara
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Rowan University, Glassboro, NJ 08028, USA;
| | - Paul R. Thompson
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA;
| | - Heather M. Rothfuss
- Department of Zoology and Physiology, University of Wyoming, Laramie, WY 82071, USA; (G.L.); (C.H.Y.); (B.S.); (A.O.C.); (H.M.R.)
| | - Brian D. Cherrington
- Department of Zoology and Physiology, University of Wyoming, Laramie, WY 82071, USA; (G.L.); (C.H.Y.); (B.S.); (A.O.C.); (H.M.R.)
- Correspondence:
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Ayyappan P, Harms RZ, Seifert JA, Bemis EA, Feser ML, Deane KD, Demoruelle MK, Mikuls TR, Holers VM, Sarvetnick NE. Heightened Levels of Antimicrobial Response Factors in Patients With Rheumatoid Arthritis. Front Immunol 2020; 11:427. [PMID: 32265916 PMCID: PMC7100537 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.00427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2019] [Accepted: 02/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic progressive autoimmune disease leading to considerable disability over time. The disease can be characterized by the presence of multiple autoantibodies in the serum and synovial fluid. Microbial dysbiosis is proposed to play a role in the pathogenesis of RA. Increased systemic bacterial exposure leads to elevated levels of antimicrobial response factors (ARFs) in the circulation. In the present study, we tested whether RA patients have increased levels of ARFs by analyzing the levels of multiple ARFs in serum from RA patients and healthy age and sex-matched controls. The levels of soluble CD14 (sCD14), lysozyme, and CXCL16 were significantly elevated in RA patients compared to healthy controls. Lipopolysaccharide binding protein (LBP) levels remained unchanged in RA patients compared to healthy controls. A positive correlation of LBP with rheumatoid factor (RF) was also found in RA subjects. Interestingly, the levels of anti-endotoxin core antibodies (EndoCAb) IgM, total IgM, EndoCAb IgA, and total IgA were significantly elevated in RA patients compared to healthy controls. No significant changes in the levels of EndoCAb IgG and total IgG were observed in RA patients compared to healthy controls. Furthermore, lysozyme and CXCL16 levels were positively correlated with disease severity among RA subjects. Increases in the levels of several ARFs and their correlations with clinical indices suggest systemic microbial exposure in the RA cohort. Modulation of microbial exposure may play an important role in disease pathogenesis in individuals with RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prathapan Ayyappan
- Department of Surgery-Transplant, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, United States
| | - Robert Z. Harms
- Department of Surgery-Transplant, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, United States
| | - Jennifer A. Seifert
- Division of Rheumatology, University of Colorado-Denver, Aurora, CO, United States
| | - Elizabeth A. Bemis
- Department of Epidemiology, Colorado School of Public Health, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, United States
| | - Marie L. Feser
- Division of Rheumatology, University of Colorado-Denver, Aurora, CO, United States
| | - Kevin D. Deane
- Division of Rheumatology, University of Colorado-Denver, Aurora, CO, United States
| | | | - Ted R. Mikuls
- Division of Rheumatology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, United States
| | - V. Michael Holers
- Division of Rheumatology, University of Colorado-Denver, Aurora, CO, United States
| | - Nora E. Sarvetnick
- Department of Surgery-Transplant, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, United States
- Mary and Dick Holland Regenerative Medicine Program, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, United States
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Demoruelle MK, Wilson TM, Deane KD. Lung inflammation in the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis. Immunol Rev 2020; 294:124-132. [DOI: 10.1111/imr.12842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2019] [Revised: 01/10/2020] [Accepted: 01/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Timothy M. Wilson
- Division of Rheumatology University of Colorado Denver Aurora CO USA
| | - Kevin D. Deane
- Division of Rheumatology University of Colorado Denver Aurora CO USA
- Denver Veterans Affairs Medical Center Denver CO USA
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Kelmenson LB, Wagner BD, McNair BK, Frazer-Abel A, Demoruelle MK, Bergstedt DT, Feser ML, Moss LK, Parish MC, Mewshaw EA, Mikuls TR, Edison JD, Holers VM, Deane KD. Timing of Elevations of Autoantibody Isotypes Prior to Diagnosis of Rheumatoid Arthritis. Arthritis Rheumatol 2019; 72:251-261. [PMID: 31464042 DOI: 10.1002/art.41091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2018] [Accepted: 08/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate patterns of elevations of isotypes of rheumatoid factor (RF) and anti-citrullinated protein antibodies (ACPAs) pre-rheumatoid arthritis (RA) diagnosis and post-RA diagnosis. METHODS Using the Department of Defense Serum Repository we identified 214 RA cases and 210 matched controls. Up to 3 pre-RA diagnosis and 1 post-RA diagnosis serum samples per subject were tested for RF and for IgA, IgG, and IgM ACPAs. The timing and trajectories of elevations of autoantibodies were evaluated. RESULTS Autoantibody levels were elevated in cases versus controls a mean of 17.9 years before RA diagnosis for IgG ACPA, 14.2 years for IgA-RF, 7.2 years for IgM-RF, 6.2 years for IgA ACPA, and 5.0 years for both IgM ACPA and IgG-RF (P < 0.01 for all comparisons). There were similar relationships for positive or negative autoantibody status, with cases first showing positivity for IgG ACPA 1.9 years pre-RA and for IgA-RF 1.7 years pre-RA, followed by the other isotypes. Only IgA ACPA positivity was significantly increased in post-RA diagnosis samples (19% 0-2 years pre-RA versus 39% >2 years post-RA diagnosis; P = 0.04). All autoantibody levels demonstrated an early initial elevation, a period of stability, then an increase immediately before RA diagnosis. A pre-RA endotype of early elevation of autoantibodies was associated with increased use of biologic therapy, and a higher prevalence of sicca symptoms and lung disease post-RA diagnosis. CONCLUSION Differences in patterns of elevations of autoantibody isotypes have implications for understanding the pathophysiology of RA development. These include understanding what factors drive initial autoantibody elevations compared to what factors (including mucosal) drive later increases in autoantibody levels and a transition to clinically apparent RA, and how pre-RA endotypes may influence post-RA diagnosis phenotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Marie L Feser
- University of Colorado Denver Anschutz Medical Campus
| | - Laura K Moss
- University of Colorado Denver Anschutz Medical Campus
| | - Mark C Parish
- University of Colorado Denver Anschutz Medical Campus
| | | | | | - Jess D Edison
- Walter Reed National Military Medical Center, Bethesda, Maryland
| | | | - Kevin D Deane
- University of Colorado Denver Anschutz Medical Campus
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Solomon JJ, Matson S, Kelmenson LB, Chung JH, Hobbs SB, Rosas IO, Dellaripa PF, Doyle TJ, Poli S, Esposito AJ, Visser A, Marin AI, Amigues I, Fernández Pérez ER, Brown KK, Mahler M, Heinz D, Cool C, Deane KD, Swigris JJ, Demoruelle MK. IgA Antibodies Directed Against Citrullinated Protein Antigens Are Elevated in Patients With Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis. Chest 2019; 157:1513-1521. [PMID: 31877269 DOI: 10.1016/j.chest.2019.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2019] [Revised: 10/23/2019] [Accepted: 12/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The etiology of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is unknown. Because it shares genetic, histopathologic, and radiographic features with the fibrosing interstitial lung disease seen in rheumatoid arthritis (RA), the goal of this study was to investigate RA-related autoantibodies in IPF. METHODS The study included patients with IPF from two separate cohorts at National Jewish Health and Brigham Women's Hospital (n = 181), general population control subjects (n = 160), and control subjects with disease (n = 86 [40 with RA-usual interstitial pneumonia and 46 with hypersensitivity pneumonitis]). Serum was tested for RA-associated antibodies (including IgG and IgA) to citrullinated protein antigens (ACPA). Lung tissue in 11 patients with IPF was examined for ectopic lymphoid aggregates. RESULTS An increased prevalence of ACPA positivity was found in two separate IPF cohorts. In particular, positivity for IgA-ACPA was increased in these two IPF cohorts compared with general population control subjects (21.3% and 24.8% vs 5.6%; P < .01). Patients with IPF were more likely to be IgA-ACPA-positive than IgG-ACPA-positive (23.2% vs 8.3%; P < .01), whereas patients with RA were more likely to be IgG-ACPA-positive than IgA-ACPA-positive (72.5% vs 52.5%; P = .04). There was a strong correlation between IgA-ACPA level and the number of ectopic lymphoid aggregates on lung histologic examination in IPF (r = 0.72; P = .01). CONCLUSIONS In this study, IgA-ACPA was elevated in patients with IPF and correlated with lymphoid aggregates in the lung, supporting the theory that IgA-ACPA may play a role in lung disease pathogenesis in a subset of individuals with IPF. Future studies are needed to determine whether this subset of ACPA-positive patients with IPF is distinct from patients with IPF but without antibodies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua J Solomon
- Interstitial Lung Disease Program & Autoimmune Lung Center, National Jewish Health, Denver, CO.
| | - Scott Matson
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, CO
| | | | | | - Stephen B Hobbs
- Department of Radiology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY
| | - Ivan O Rosas
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA
| | - Paul F Dellaripa
- Division of Rheumatology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA
| | - Tracy J Doyle
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA
| | - Sergio Poli
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA
| | - Anthony J Esposito
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA
| | - Ashley Visser
- Division of Rheumatology, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, CO
| | - A Itzam Marin
- Division of Rheumatology, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, CO
| | | | - Evans R Fernández Pérez
- Interstitial Lung Disease Program & Autoimmune Lung Center, National Jewish Health, Denver, CO
| | - Kevin K Brown
- Interstitial Lung Disease Program & Autoimmune Lung Center, National Jewish Health, Denver, CO
| | | | - David Heinz
- Department of Pathology, National Jewish Health, Denver, CO
| | - Carlyne Cool
- Department of Pathology, National Jewish Health, Denver, CO; Department of Pathology, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, CO
| | - Kevin D Deane
- Division of Rheumatology, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, CO
| | - Jeffrey J Swigris
- Interstitial Lung Disease Program & Autoimmune Lung Center, National Jewish Health, Denver, CO
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Deane KD, Demoruelle MK. Drs. Deane and Demoruelle reply. J Rheumatol 2019; 47:300. [PMID: 31787609 DOI: 10.3899/jrheum.191060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - M Kristen Demoruelle
- Division of Rheumatology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA.
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40
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England BR, Duryee MJ, Roul P, Mahajan TD, Singh N, Poole JA, Ascherman DP, Caplan L, Demoruelle MK, Deane KD, Klassen LW, Thiele GM, Mikuls TR. Malondialdehyde-Acetaldehyde Adducts and Antibody Responses in Rheumatoid Arthritis-Associated Interstitial Lung Disease. Arthritis Rheumatol 2019; 71:1483-1493. [PMID: 30933423 PMCID: PMC6717041 DOI: 10.1002/art.40900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2018] [Accepted: 03/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To compare serum anti-malondialdehyde-acetaldehyde (anti-MAA) antibody levels and MAA expression in lung tissue from patients with rheumatoid arthritis-associated interstitial lung disease (RA-ILD) to those found in controls. METHODS Anti-MAA antibody (IgA, IgM, IgG) concentrations were measured in patients with RA-ILD and compared to those of RA patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and RA patients without lung disease. Associations between anti-MAA antibody with RA-ILD were assessed using multivariable logistic regression. Lung tissue from patients with RA-ILD, other ILD, or emphysema, and from controls (n = 3 per group) were stained for MAA, citrulline, macrophages (CD68), T cells (CD3), B cells (CD19/CD27), and extracellular matrix proteins (type II collagen, fibronectin, vimentin). Tissue expression and colocalization with MAA were quantified and compared. RESULTS Among 1,823 RA patients, 90 had prevalent RA-ILD. Serum IgA and IgM anti-MAA antibody concentrations were higher in RA-ILD than in RA with COPD or RA alone (P = 0.005). After adjustment for covariates, the highest quartiles of IgA anti-MAA antibody concentration (odds ratio 2.09 [95% confidence interval 1.11-3.90]) and IgM (odds ratio 2.23 [95% confidence interval 1.19-4.15]) were significantly associated with the presence of RA-ILD. MAA expression in RA-ILD lung tissue was greater than in tissue from all other groups (P < 0.001), and it colocalized with citrulline (r = 0.79), CD19+ B cells (r = 0.78), and extracellular matrix proteins (type II collagen [r = 0.72] and vimentin [r = 0.77]) to the greatest degree in RA-ILD. CONCLUSION Serum IgA and IgM anti-MAA antibody is associated with ILD among RA patients. MAA is highly expressed in RA-ILD lung tissue, where it colocalizes with other RA autoantigens, autoreactive B cells, and extracellular matrix proteins, highlighting its potential role in the pathogenesis of RA-ILD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bryant R. England
- Veterans Affairs (VA) Nebraska-Western Iowa Health Care System, Omaha, NE
- Division of Rheumatology & Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE
| | - Michael J. Duryee
- Veterans Affairs (VA) Nebraska-Western Iowa Health Care System, Omaha, NE
- Division of Rheumatology & Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE
| | - Punyasha Roul
- Division of Rheumatology & Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE
| | - Tina D. Mahajan
- Division of Rheumatology & Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE
| | - Namrata Singh
- Center for Comprehensive Access Delivery Research, Iowa City VA, Iowa City, IA
- University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Iowa City, IA
| | - Jill A. Poole
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Sleep, & Allergy, Department of Internal Medicine, Omaha, NE
| | - Dana P. Ascherman
- Rheumatology & Immunology Division, Department of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL
| | - Liron Caplan
- VA Eastern Colorado Health Care System, Denver, CO
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado, Denver, CO
| | - M. Kristen Demoruelle
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado, Denver, CO
- National Jewish Health, Denver, CO
| | - Kevin D. Deane
- VA Eastern Colorado Health Care System, Denver, CO
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado, Denver, CO
| | - Lynell W. Klassen
- Division of Rheumatology & Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE
| | - Geoffrey M. Thiele
- Veterans Affairs (VA) Nebraska-Western Iowa Health Care System, Omaha, NE
- Division of Rheumatology & Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE
| | - Ted R. Mikuls
- Veterans Affairs (VA) Nebraska-Western Iowa Health Care System, Omaha, NE
- Division of Rheumatology & Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE
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Bemis EA, Norris JM, Seifert J, Frazer-Abel A, Okamoto Y, Feser ML, Demoruelle MK, Deane KD, Banda NK, Holers VM. Complement and its environmental determinants in the progression of human rheumatoid arthritis. Mol Immunol 2019; 112:256-265. [PMID: 31207549 PMCID: PMC7712508 DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2019.05.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2019] [Revised: 04/26/2019] [Accepted: 05/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a complex autoimmune disease with an etiology that is not yet well understood, disproportionally affects women and also varies in incidence and prevalence by population. The presence of anti-citrullinated protein antibodies (ACPA) is a highly specific biomarker for the diagnosis of clinically apparent RA. ACPA are also present in the serum for an average of 3-5 years prior to the onset of RA during an asymptomatic period characterized by mucosal inflammation and local ACPA production at these sites. We hypothesized that systemic complement activation products might be generated during the pre-clinical initiation of RA and/or provide a second hit that promotes subsequent arthritis development in the joints. In addition, we evaluated which demographic and genetic features and environmental exposures could influence the complement activation process. We analyzed plasma from healthy subjects, subjects at-risk for the development of RA based on serum ACPA positivity in absence of inflammatory arthritis (IA), and ACPA positive RA subjects by Multiplex Assay and ELISA for eighteen complement system components, factors and activation products belonging to the classical, lectin and alternative pathways. By using regression models, associations between complement proteins and various demographic, genetic, and environmental factors previously found to be associated with RA, including sex, smoking, shared epitope, and oral contraceptive use, were examined. We found no evidence of systemic complement activation in ACPA positive subjects without IA, but in contrast found evidence of systemic involvement of the both classical and alternative pathways during the stage of the disease where classified RA is present, (i.e. during joint inflammation and damage). With regard to the demographic, genetic, and environmental variables, females who reported current or past oral contraceptive use and subjects with current tobacco exposure demonstrated alterations of the alternative pathway of complement. Furthermore, RA subjects with established disease who have a body mass index categorized as obese demonstrated higher levels of C2 compared to RA subjects who are not considered obese. In sum, the complement system may be involved in the pathogenesis of RA, with only localized mucosal effects during the preclinical period in those at-risk for RA but in the joint as well as systemically in those who have developed clinically apparent arthritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth A Bemis
- Department of Epidemiology, Colorado School of Public Health, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, 80045, United States
| | - Jill M Norris
- Department of Epidemiology, Colorado School of Public Health, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, 80045, United States
| | - Jennifer Seifert
- Department of Epidemiology, Colorado School of Public Health, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, 80045, United States
| | - Ashley Frazer-Abel
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, 80045, United States
| | - Yuko Okamoto
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, 80045, United States
| | - Marie L Feser
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, 80045, United States
| | - M Kristen Demoruelle
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, 80045, United States
| | - Kevin D Deane
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, 80045, United States
| | - Nirmal K Banda
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, 80045, United States.
| | - V Michael Holers
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, 80045, United States
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Berens HM, Polinski KJ, Mikuls TR, Khatter S, August J, Visser A, Mahler M, Weisman MH, O'Dell JR, Keating RM, Buckner JH, Gregersen PK, Norris JM, Holers VM, Deane KD, Demoruelle MK. Anticyclic Citrullinated Peptide Antibodies 3.1 and Anti-CCP-IgA Are Associated with Increasing Age in Individuals Without Rheumatoid Arthritis. J Rheumatol 2019; 46:1556-1559. [PMID: 30988128 DOI: 10.3899/jrheum.180897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/01/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We investigated the association of age and anticyclic citrullinated peptide antibodies (anti-CCP) in subjects without rheumatoid arthritis (RA). METHODS Serum was tested for anti-CCP3.1 (IgG/IgA) in 678 first-degree relatives (FDR) of patients with RA and 330 patients with osteoarthritis (OA). Individual isotypes (anti-CCP-IgA and anti-CCP-IgG) were also tested in all FDR. RESULTS In FDR, increasing age was significantly associated with positivity for anti-CCP3.1 (per year, OR 1.03) and anti-CCP-IgA (per year, OR 1.05) but not anti-CCP-IgG. In FDR and OA subjects, anti-CCP3.1 prevalence was significantly increased after age 50 years. CONCLUSION Increasing age in individuals without RA should be considered in the interpretation of anti-CCP3.1 positivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heather M Berens
- From the Division of Rheumatology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora; Department of Epidemiology, Colorado School of Public Health, Aurora, Colorado; Division of Rheumatology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha; Division of Rheumatology, Veterans Affairs (VA) Nebraska Western Iowa Health Care System, Omaha, Nebraska; Department of Research, Inova Diagnostics, San Diego; Division of Rheumatology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles; Division of Rheumatology, Scripps Green Hospital, La Jolla, California; Department of Immunology, Benaroya Research Institute at Virginia Mason, Seattle, Washington; Center for Genomics and Human Genetics, Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Manhasset, New York, USA.,H.M. Berens, MD, PhD, Rheumatology Fellow, Division of Rheumatology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus; K.J. Polinski, BS, PhD student, Department of Epidemiology, Colorado School of Public Health; T.R. Mikuls, MD, MSPH, Professor of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, and Division of Rheumatology, VA Nebraska Western Iowa Health Care System; S. Khatter, MD, Resident, Division of Rheumatology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus; J. August, BS, Professional Research Assistant, Division of Rheumatology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus; A. Visser, BS, Professional Research Assistant, Division of Rheumatology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus; M. Mahler, PhD, Vice President of Research and Development, Department of Research, Inova Diagnostics; M.H. Weisman, MD, Professor of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center; J.R. O'Dell, MD, Professor and Vice Chair Internal Medicine, Chief of Rheumatology, Division of Rheumatology, University of Nebraska Medical Center; R.M. Keating, MD, Professor of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Scripps Green Hospital; J.H. Buckner, MD, President, Department of Immunology, Benaroya Research Institute at Virginia Mason; P.K. Gregersen, MD, Professor of Molecular Medicine, Center for Genomics and Human Genetics, Feinstein Institute for Medical Research; J.M. Norris, PhD, Professor and Chair of Epidemiology, Department of Epidemiology, Colorado School of Public Health; V.M. Holers, MD, Professor of Medicine, Chair of Rheumatology, Division of Rheumatology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus; K.D. Deane, MD, PhD, Associate Professor of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus; M.K. Demoruelle, MD, PhD, Assistant Professor of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus
| | - Kristen J Polinski
- From the Division of Rheumatology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora; Department of Epidemiology, Colorado School of Public Health, Aurora, Colorado; Division of Rheumatology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha; Division of Rheumatology, Veterans Affairs (VA) Nebraska Western Iowa Health Care System, Omaha, Nebraska; Department of Research, Inova Diagnostics, San Diego; Division of Rheumatology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles; Division of Rheumatology, Scripps Green Hospital, La Jolla, California; Department of Immunology, Benaroya Research Institute at Virginia Mason, Seattle, Washington; Center for Genomics and Human Genetics, Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Manhasset, New York, USA.,H.M. Berens, MD, PhD, Rheumatology Fellow, Division of Rheumatology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus; K.J. Polinski, BS, PhD student, Department of Epidemiology, Colorado School of Public Health; T.R. Mikuls, MD, MSPH, Professor of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, and Division of Rheumatology, VA Nebraska Western Iowa Health Care System; S. Khatter, MD, Resident, Division of Rheumatology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus; J. August, BS, Professional Research Assistant, Division of Rheumatology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus; A. Visser, BS, Professional Research Assistant, Division of Rheumatology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus; M. Mahler, PhD, Vice President of Research and Development, Department of Research, Inova Diagnostics; M.H. Weisman, MD, Professor of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center; J.R. O'Dell, MD, Professor and Vice Chair Internal Medicine, Chief of Rheumatology, Division of Rheumatology, University of Nebraska Medical Center; R.M. Keating, MD, Professor of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Scripps Green Hospital; J.H. Buckner, MD, President, Department of Immunology, Benaroya Research Institute at Virginia Mason; P.K. Gregersen, MD, Professor of Molecular Medicine, Center for Genomics and Human Genetics, Feinstein Institute for Medical Research; J.M. Norris, PhD, Professor and Chair of Epidemiology, Department of Epidemiology, Colorado School of Public Health; V.M. Holers, MD, Professor of Medicine, Chair of Rheumatology, Division of Rheumatology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus; K.D. Deane, MD, PhD, Associate Professor of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus; M.K. Demoruelle, MD, PhD, Assistant Professor of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus
| | - Ted R Mikuls
- From the Division of Rheumatology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora; Department of Epidemiology, Colorado School of Public Health, Aurora, Colorado; Division of Rheumatology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha; Division of Rheumatology, Veterans Affairs (VA) Nebraska Western Iowa Health Care System, Omaha, Nebraska; Department of Research, Inova Diagnostics, San Diego; Division of Rheumatology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles; Division of Rheumatology, Scripps Green Hospital, La Jolla, California; Department of Immunology, Benaroya Research Institute at Virginia Mason, Seattle, Washington; Center for Genomics and Human Genetics, Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Manhasset, New York, USA.,H.M. Berens, MD, PhD, Rheumatology Fellow, Division of Rheumatology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus; K.J. Polinski, BS, PhD student, Department of Epidemiology, Colorado School of Public Health; T.R. Mikuls, MD, MSPH, Professor of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, and Division of Rheumatology, VA Nebraska Western Iowa Health Care System; S. Khatter, MD, Resident, Division of Rheumatology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus; J. August, BS, Professional Research Assistant, Division of Rheumatology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus; A. Visser, BS, Professional Research Assistant, Division of Rheumatology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus; M. Mahler, PhD, Vice President of Research and Development, Department of Research, Inova Diagnostics; M.H. Weisman, MD, Professor of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center; J.R. O'Dell, MD, Professor and Vice Chair Internal Medicine, Chief of Rheumatology, Division of Rheumatology, University of Nebraska Medical Center; R.M. Keating, MD, Professor of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Scripps Green Hospital; J.H. Buckner, MD, President, Department of Immunology, Benaroya Research Institute at Virginia Mason; P.K. Gregersen, MD, Professor of Molecular Medicine, Center for Genomics and Human Genetics, Feinstein Institute for Medical Research; J.M. Norris, PhD, Professor and Chair of Epidemiology, Department of Epidemiology, Colorado School of Public Health; V.M. Holers, MD, Professor of Medicine, Chair of Rheumatology, Division of Rheumatology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus; K.D. Deane, MD, PhD, Associate Professor of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus; M.K. Demoruelle, MD, PhD, Assistant Professor of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus
| | - Sonia Khatter
- From the Division of Rheumatology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora; Department of Epidemiology, Colorado School of Public Health, Aurora, Colorado; Division of Rheumatology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha; Division of Rheumatology, Veterans Affairs (VA) Nebraska Western Iowa Health Care System, Omaha, Nebraska; Department of Research, Inova Diagnostics, San Diego; Division of Rheumatology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles; Division of Rheumatology, Scripps Green Hospital, La Jolla, California; Department of Immunology, Benaroya Research Institute at Virginia Mason, Seattle, Washington; Center for Genomics and Human Genetics, Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Manhasset, New York, USA.,H.M. Berens, MD, PhD, Rheumatology Fellow, Division of Rheumatology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus; K.J. Polinski, BS, PhD student, Department of Epidemiology, Colorado School of Public Health; T.R. Mikuls, MD, MSPH, Professor of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, and Division of Rheumatology, VA Nebraska Western Iowa Health Care System; S. Khatter, MD, Resident, Division of Rheumatology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus; J. August, BS, Professional Research Assistant, Division of Rheumatology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus; A. Visser, BS, Professional Research Assistant, Division of Rheumatology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus; M. Mahler, PhD, Vice President of Research and Development, Department of Research, Inova Diagnostics; M.H. Weisman, MD, Professor of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center; J.R. O'Dell, MD, Professor and Vice Chair Internal Medicine, Chief of Rheumatology, Division of Rheumatology, University of Nebraska Medical Center; R.M. Keating, MD, Professor of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Scripps Green Hospital; J.H. Buckner, MD, President, Department of Immunology, Benaroya Research Institute at Virginia Mason; P.K. Gregersen, MD, Professor of Molecular Medicine, Center for Genomics and Human Genetics, Feinstein Institute for Medical Research; J.M. Norris, PhD, Professor and Chair of Epidemiology, Department of Epidemiology, Colorado School of Public Health; V.M. Holers, MD, Professor of Medicine, Chair of Rheumatology, Division of Rheumatology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus; K.D. Deane, MD, PhD, Associate Professor of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus; M.K. Demoruelle, MD, PhD, Assistant Professor of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus
| | - Justin August
- From the Division of Rheumatology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora; Department of Epidemiology, Colorado School of Public Health, Aurora, Colorado; Division of Rheumatology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha; Division of Rheumatology, Veterans Affairs (VA) Nebraska Western Iowa Health Care System, Omaha, Nebraska; Department of Research, Inova Diagnostics, San Diego; Division of Rheumatology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles; Division of Rheumatology, Scripps Green Hospital, La Jolla, California; Department of Immunology, Benaroya Research Institute at Virginia Mason, Seattle, Washington; Center for Genomics and Human Genetics, Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Manhasset, New York, USA.,H.M. Berens, MD, PhD, Rheumatology Fellow, Division of Rheumatology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus; K.J. Polinski, BS, PhD student, Department of Epidemiology, Colorado School of Public Health; T.R. Mikuls, MD, MSPH, Professor of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, and Division of Rheumatology, VA Nebraska Western Iowa Health Care System; S. Khatter, MD, Resident, Division of Rheumatology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus; J. August, BS, Professional Research Assistant, Division of Rheumatology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus; A. Visser, BS, Professional Research Assistant, Division of Rheumatology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus; M. Mahler, PhD, Vice President of Research and Development, Department of Research, Inova Diagnostics; M.H. Weisman, MD, Professor of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center; J.R. O'Dell, MD, Professor and Vice Chair Internal Medicine, Chief of Rheumatology, Division of Rheumatology, University of Nebraska Medical Center; R.M. Keating, MD, Professor of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Scripps Green Hospital; J.H. Buckner, MD, President, Department of Immunology, Benaroya Research Institute at Virginia Mason; P.K. Gregersen, MD, Professor of Molecular Medicine, Center for Genomics and Human Genetics, Feinstein Institute for Medical Research; J.M. Norris, PhD, Professor and Chair of Epidemiology, Department of Epidemiology, Colorado School of Public Health; V.M. Holers, MD, Professor of Medicine, Chair of Rheumatology, Division of Rheumatology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus; K.D. Deane, MD, PhD, Associate Professor of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus; M.K. Demoruelle, MD, PhD, Assistant Professor of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus
| | - Ashley Visser
- From the Division of Rheumatology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora; Department of Epidemiology, Colorado School of Public Health, Aurora, Colorado; Division of Rheumatology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha; Division of Rheumatology, Veterans Affairs (VA) Nebraska Western Iowa Health Care System, Omaha, Nebraska; Department of Research, Inova Diagnostics, San Diego; Division of Rheumatology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles; Division of Rheumatology, Scripps Green Hospital, La Jolla, California; Department of Immunology, Benaroya Research Institute at Virginia Mason, Seattle, Washington; Center for Genomics and Human Genetics, Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Manhasset, New York, USA.,H.M. Berens, MD, PhD, Rheumatology Fellow, Division of Rheumatology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus; K.J. Polinski, BS, PhD student, Department of Epidemiology, Colorado School of Public Health; T.R. Mikuls, MD, MSPH, Professor of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, and Division of Rheumatology, VA Nebraska Western Iowa Health Care System; S. Khatter, MD, Resident, Division of Rheumatology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus; J. August, BS, Professional Research Assistant, Division of Rheumatology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus; A. Visser, BS, Professional Research Assistant, Division of Rheumatology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus; M. Mahler, PhD, Vice President of Research and Development, Department of Research, Inova Diagnostics; M.H. Weisman, MD, Professor of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center; J.R. O'Dell, MD, Professor and Vice Chair Internal Medicine, Chief of Rheumatology, Division of Rheumatology, University of Nebraska Medical Center; R.M. Keating, MD, Professor of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Scripps Green Hospital; J.H. Buckner, MD, President, Department of Immunology, Benaroya Research Institute at Virginia Mason; P.K. Gregersen, MD, Professor of Molecular Medicine, Center for Genomics and Human Genetics, Feinstein Institute for Medical Research; J.M. Norris, PhD, Professor and Chair of Epidemiology, Department of Epidemiology, Colorado School of Public Health; V.M. Holers, MD, Professor of Medicine, Chair of Rheumatology, Division of Rheumatology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus; K.D. Deane, MD, PhD, Associate Professor of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus; M.K. Demoruelle, MD, PhD, Assistant Professor of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus
| | - Michael Mahler
- From the Division of Rheumatology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora; Department of Epidemiology, Colorado School of Public Health, Aurora, Colorado; Division of Rheumatology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha; Division of Rheumatology, Veterans Affairs (VA) Nebraska Western Iowa Health Care System, Omaha, Nebraska; Department of Research, Inova Diagnostics, San Diego; Division of Rheumatology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles; Division of Rheumatology, Scripps Green Hospital, La Jolla, California; Department of Immunology, Benaroya Research Institute at Virginia Mason, Seattle, Washington; Center for Genomics and Human Genetics, Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Manhasset, New York, USA.,H.M. Berens, MD, PhD, Rheumatology Fellow, Division of Rheumatology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus; K.J. Polinski, BS, PhD student, Department of Epidemiology, Colorado School of Public Health; T.R. Mikuls, MD, MSPH, Professor of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, and Division of Rheumatology, VA Nebraska Western Iowa Health Care System; S. Khatter, MD, Resident, Division of Rheumatology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus; J. August, BS, Professional Research Assistant, Division of Rheumatology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus; A. Visser, BS, Professional Research Assistant, Division of Rheumatology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus; M. Mahler, PhD, Vice President of Research and Development, Department of Research, Inova Diagnostics; M.H. Weisman, MD, Professor of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center; J.R. O'Dell, MD, Professor and Vice Chair Internal Medicine, Chief of Rheumatology, Division of Rheumatology, University of Nebraska Medical Center; R.M. Keating, MD, Professor of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Scripps Green Hospital; J.H. Buckner, MD, President, Department of Immunology, Benaroya Research Institute at Virginia Mason; P.K. Gregersen, MD, Professor of Molecular Medicine, Center for Genomics and Human Genetics, Feinstein Institute for Medical Research; J.M. Norris, PhD, Professor and Chair of Epidemiology, Department of Epidemiology, Colorado School of Public Health; V.M. Holers, MD, Professor of Medicine, Chair of Rheumatology, Division of Rheumatology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus; K.D. Deane, MD, PhD, Associate Professor of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus; M.K. Demoruelle, MD, PhD, Assistant Professor of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus
| | - Michael H Weisman
- From the Division of Rheumatology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora; Department of Epidemiology, Colorado School of Public Health, Aurora, Colorado; Division of Rheumatology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha; Division of Rheumatology, Veterans Affairs (VA) Nebraska Western Iowa Health Care System, Omaha, Nebraska; Department of Research, Inova Diagnostics, San Diego; Division of Rheumatology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles; Division of Rheumatology, Scripps Green Hospital, La Jolla, California; Department of Immunology, Benaroya Research Institute at Virginia Mason, Seattle, Washington; Center for Genomics and Human Genetics, Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Manhasset, New York, USA.,H.M. Berens, MD, PhD, Rheumatology Fellow, Division of Rheumatology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus; K.J. Polinski, BS, PhD student, Department of Epidemiology, Colorado School of Public Health; T.R. Mikuls, MD, MSPH, Professor of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, and Division of Rheumatology, VA Nebraska Western Iowa Health Care System; S. Khatter, MD, Resident, Division of Rheumatology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus; J. August, BS, Professional Research Assistant, Division of Rheumatology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus; A. Visser, BS, Professional Research Assistant, Division of Rheumatology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus; M. Mahler, PhD, Vice President of Research and Development, Department of Research, Inova Diagnostics; M.H. Weisman, MD, Professor of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center; J.R. O'Dell, MD, Professor and Vice Chair Internal Medicine, Chief of Rheumatology, Division of Rheumatology, University of Nebraska Medical Center; R.M. Keating, MD, Professor of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Scripps Green Hospital; J.H. Buckner, MD, President, Department of Immunology, Benaroya Research Institute at Virginia Mason; P.K. Gregersen, MD, Professor of Molecular Medicine, Center for Genomics and Human Genetics, Feinstein Institute for Medical Research; J.M. Norris, PhD, Professor and Chair of Epidemiology, Department of Epidemiology, Colorado School of Public Health; V.M. Holers, MD, Professor of Medicine, Chair of Rheumatology, Division of Rheumatology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus; K.D. Deane, MD, PhD, Associate Professor of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus; M.K. Demoruelle, MD, PhD, Assistant Professor of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus
| | - James R O'Dell
- From the Division of Rheumatology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora; Department of Epidemiology, Colorado School of Public Health, Aurora, Colorado; Division of Rheumatology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha; Division of Rheumatology, Veterans Affairs (VA) Nebraska Western Iowa Health Care System, Omaha, Nebraska; Department of Research, Inova Diagnostics, San Diego; Division of Rheumatology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles; Division of Rheumatology, Scripps Green Hospital, La Jolla, California; Department of Immunology, Benaroya Research Institute at Virginia Mason, Seattle, Washington; Center for Genomics and Human Genetics, Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Manhasset, New York, USA.,H.M. Berens, MD, PhD, Rheumatology Fellow, Division of Rheumatology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus; K.J. Polinski, BS, PhD student, Department of Epidemiology, Colorado School of Public Health; T.R. Mikuls, MD, MSPH, Professor of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, and Division of Rheumatology, VA Nebraska Western Iowa Health Care System; S. Khatter, MD, Resident, Division of Rheumatology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus; J. August, BS, Professional Research Assistant, Division of Rheumatology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus; A. Visser, BS, Professional Research Assistant, Division of Rheumatology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus; M. Mahler, PhD, Vice President of Research and Development, Department of Research, Inova Diagnostics; M.H. Weisman, MD, Professor of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center; J.R. O'Dell, MD, Professor and Vice Chair Internal Medicine, Chief of Rheumatology, Division of Rheumatology, University of Nebraska Medical Center; R.M. Keating, MD, Professor of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Scripps Green Hospital; J.H. Buckner, MD, President, Department of Immunology, Benaroya Research Institute at Virginia Mason; P.K. Gregersen, MD, Professor of Molecular Medicine, Center for Genomics and Human Genetics, Feinstein Institute for Medical Research; J.M. Norris, PhD, Professor and Chair of Epidemiology, Department of Epidemiology, Colorado School of Public Health; V.M. Holers, MD, Professor of Medicine, Chair of Rheumatology, Division of Rheumatology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus; K.D. Deane, MD, PhD, Associate Professor of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus; M.K. Demoruelle, MD, PhD, Assistant Professor of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus
| | - Richard M Keating
- From the Division of Rheumatology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora; Department of Epidemiology, Colorado School of Public Health, Aurora, Colorado; Division of Rheumatology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha; Division of Rheumatology, Veterans Affairs (VA) Nebraska Western Iowa Health Care System, Omaha, Nebraska; Department of Research, Inova Diagnostics, San Diego; Division of Rheumatology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles; Division of Rheumatology, Scripps Green Hospital, La Jolla, California; Department of Immunology, Benaroya Research Institute at Virginia Mason, Seattle, Washington; Center for Genomics and Human Genetics, Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Manhasset, New York, USA.,H.M. Berens, MD, PhD, Rheumatology Fellow, Division of Rheumatology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus; K.J. Polinski, BS, PhD student, Department of Epidemiology, Colorado School of Public Health; T.R. Mikuls, MD, MSPH, Professor of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, and Division of Rheumatology, VA Nebraska Western Iowa Health Care System; S. Khatter, MD, Resident, Division of Rheumatology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus; J. August, BS, Professional Research Assistant, Division of Rheumatology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus; A. Visser, BS, Professional Research Assistant, Division of Rheumatology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus; M. Mahler, PhD, Vice President of Research and Development, Department of Research, Inova Diagnostics; M.H. Weisman, MD, Professor of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center; J.R. O'Dell, MD, Professor and Vice Chair Internal Medicine, Chief of Rheumatology, Division of Rheumatology, University of Nebraska Medical Center; R.M. Keating, MD, Professor of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Scripps Green Hospital; J.H. Buckner, MD, President, Department of Immunology, Benaroya Research Institute at Virginia Mason; P.K. Gregersen, MD, Professor of Molecular Medicine, Center for Genomics and Human Genetics, Feinstein Institute for Medical Research; J.M. Norris, PhD, Professor and Chair of Epidemiology, Department of Epidemiology, Colorado School of Public Health; V.M. Holers, MD, Professor of Medicine, Chair of Rheumatology, Division of Rheumatology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus; K.D. Deane, MD, PhD, Associate Professor of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus; M.K. Demoruelle, MD, PhD, Assistant Professor of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus
| | - Jane H Buckner
- From the Division of Rheumatology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora; Department of Epidemiology, Colorado School of Public Health, Aurora, Colorado; Division of Rheumatology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha; Division of Rheumatology, Veterans Affairs (VA) Nebraska Western Iowa Health Care System, Omaha, Nebraska; Department of Research, Inova Diagnostics, San Diego; Division of Rheumatology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles; Division of Rheumatology, Scripps Green Hospital, La Jolla, California; Department of Immunology, Benaroya Research Institute at Virginia Mason, Seattle, Washington; Center for Genomics and Human Genetics, Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Manhasset, New York, USA.,H.M. Berens, MD, PhD, Rheumatology Fellow, Division of Rheumatology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus; K.J. Polinski, BS, PhD student, Department of Epidemiology, Colorado School of Public Health; T.R. Mikuls, MD, MSPH, Professor of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, and Division of Rheumatology, VA Nebraska Western Iowa Health Care System; S. Khatter, MD, Resident, Division of Rheumatology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus; J. August, BS, Professional Research Assistant, Division of Rheumatology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus; A. Visser, BS, Professional Research Assistant, Division of Rheumatology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus; M. Mahler, PhD, Vice President of Research and Development, Department of Research, Inova Diagnostics; M.H. Weisman, MD, Professor of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center; J.R. O'Dell, MD, Professor and Vice Chair Internal Medicine, Chief of Rheumatology, Division of Rheumatology, University of Nebraska Medical Center; R.M. Keating, MD, Professor of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Scripps Green Hospital; J.H. Buckner, MD, President, Department of Immunology, Benaroya Research Institute at Virginia Mason; P.K. Gregersen, MD, Professor of Molecular Medicine, Center for Genomics and Human Genetics, Feinstein Institute for Medical Research; J.M. Norris, PhD, Professor and Chair of Epidemiology, Department of Epidemiology, Colorado School of Public Health; V.M. Holers, MD, Professor of Medicine, Chair of Rheumatology, Division of Rheumatology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus; K.D. Deane, MD, PhD, Associate Professor of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus; M.K. Demoruelle, MD, PhD, Assistant Professor of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus
| | - Peter K Gregersen
- From the Division of Rheumatology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora; Department of Epidemiology, Colorado School of Public Health, Aurora, Colorado; Division of Rheumatology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha; Division of Rheumatology, Veterans Affairs (VA) Nebraska Western Iowa Health Care System, Omaha, Nebraska; Department of Research, Inova Diagnostics, San Diego; Division of Rheumatology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles; Division of Rheumatology, Scripps Green Hospital, La Jolla, California; Department of Immunology, Benaroya Research Institute at Virginia Mason, Seattle, Washington; Center for Genomics and Human Genetics, Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Manhasset, New York, USA.,H.M. Berens, MD, PhD, Rheumatology Fellow, Division of Rheumatology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus; K.J. Polinski, BS, PhD student, Department of Epidemiology, Colorado School of Public Health; T.R. Mikuls, MD, MSPH, Professor of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, and Division of Rheumatology, VA Nebraska Western Iowa Health Care System; S. Khatter, MD, Resident, Division of Rheumatology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus; J. August, BS, Professional Research Assistant, Division of Rheumatology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus; A. Visser, BS, Professional Research Assistant, Division of Rheumatology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus; M. Mahler, PhD, Vice President of Research and Development, Department of Research, Inova Diagnostics; M.H. Weisman, MD, Professor of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center; J.R. O'Dell, MD, Professor and Vice Chair Internal Medicine, Chief of Rheumatology, Division of Rheumatology, University of Nebraska Medical Center; R.M. Keating, MD, Professor of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Scripps Green Hospital; J.H. Buckner, MD, President, Department of Immunology, Benaroya Research Institute at Virginia Mason; P.K. Gregersen, MD, Professor of Molecular Medicine, Center for Genomics and Human Genetics, Feinstein Institute for Medical Research; J.M. Norris, PhD, Professor and Chair of Epidemiology, Department of Epidemiology, Colorado School of Public Health; V.M. Holers, MD, Professor of Medicine, Chair of Rheumatology, Division of Rheumatology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus; K.D. Deane, MD, PhD, Associate Professor of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus; M.K. Demoruelle, MD, PhD, Assistant Professor of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus
| | - Jill M Norris
- From the Division of Rheumatology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora; Department of Epidemiology, Colorado School of Public Health, Aurora, Colorado; Division of Rheumatology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha; Division of Rheumatology, Veterans Affairs (VA) Nebraska Western Iowa Health Care System, Omaha, Nebraska; Department of Research, Inova Diagnostics, San Diego; Division of Rheumatology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles; Division of Rheumatology, Scripps Green Hospital, La Jolla, California; Department of Immunology, Benaroya Research Institute at Virginia Mason, Seattle, Washington; Center for Genomics and Human Genetics, Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Manhasset, New York, USA.,H.M. Berens, MD, PhD, Rheumatology Fellow, Division of Rheumatology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus; K.J. Polinski, BS, PhD student, Department of Epidemiology, Colorado School of Public Health; T.R. Mikuls, MD, MSPH, Professor of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, and Division of Rheumatology, VA Nebraska Western Iowa Health Care System; S. Khatter, MD, Resident, Division of Rheumatology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus; J. August, BS, Professional Research Assistant, Division of Rheumatology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus; A. Visser, BS, Professional Research Assistant, Division of Rheumatology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus; M. Mahler, PhD, Vice President of Research and Development, Department of Research, Inova Diagnostics; M.H. Weisman, MD, Professor of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center; J.R. O'Dell, MD, Professor and Vice Chair Internal Medicine, Chief of Rheumatology, Division of Rheumatology, University of Nebraska Medical Center; R.M. Keating, MD, Professor of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Scripps Green Hospital; J.H. Buckner, MD, President, Department of Immunology, Benaroya Research Institute at Virginia Mason; P.K. Gregersen, MD, Professor of Molecular Medicine, Center for Genomics and Human Genetics, Feinstein Institute for Medical Research; J.M. Norris, PhD, Professor and Chair of Epidemiology, Department of Epidemiology, Colorado School of Public Health; V.M. Holers, MD, Professor of Medicine, Chair of Rheumatology, Division of Rheumatology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus; K.D. Deane, MD, PhD, Associate Professor of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus; M.K. Demoruelle, MD, PhD, Assistant Professor of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus
| | - V Michael Holers
- From the Division of Rheumatology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora; Department of Epidemiology, Colorado School of Public Health, Aurora, Colorado; Division of Rheumatology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha; Division of Rheumatology, Veterans Affairs (VA) Nebraska Western Iowa Health Care System, Omaha, Nebraska; Department of Research, Inova Diagnostics, San Diego; Division of Rheumatology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles; Division of Rheumatology, Scripps Green Hospital, La Jolla, California; Department of Immunology, Benaroya Research Institute at Virginia Mason, Seattle, Washington; Center for Genomics and Human Genetics, Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Manhasset, New York, USA.,H.M. Berens, MD, PhD, Rheumatology Fellow, Division of Rheumatology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus; K.J. Polinski, BS, PhD student, Department of Epidemiology, Colorado School of Public Health; T.R. Mikuls, MD, MSPH, Professor of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, and Division of Rheumatology, VA Nebraska Western Iowa Health Care System; S. Khatter, MD, Resident, Division of Rheumatology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus; J. August, BS, Professional Research Assistant, Division of Rheumatology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus; A. Visser, BS, Professional Research Assistant, Division of Rheumatology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus; M. Mahler, PhD, Vice President of Research and Development, Department of Research, Inova Diagnostics; M.H. Weisman, MD, Professor of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center; J.R. O'Dell, MD, Professor and Vice Chair Internal Medicine, Chief of Rheumatology, Division of Rheumatology, University of Nebraska Medical Center; R.M. Keating, MD, Professor of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Scripps Green Hospital; J.H. Buckner, MD, President, Department of Immunology, Benaroya Research Institute at Virginia Mason; P.K. Gregersen, MD, Professor of Molecular Medicine, Center for Genomics and Human Genetics, Feinstein Institute for Medical Research; J.M. Norris, PhD, Professor and Chair of Epidemiology, Department of Epidemiology, Colorado School of Public Health; V.M. Holers, MD, Professor of Medicine, Chair of Rheumatology, Division of Rheumatology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus; K.D. Deane, MD, PhD, Associate Professor of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus; M.K. Demoruelle, MD, PhD, Assistant Professor of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus
| | - Kevin D Deane
- From the Division of Rheumatology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora; Department of Epidemiology, Colorado School of Public Health, Aurora, Colorado; Division of Rheumatology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha; Division of Rheumatology, Veterans Affairs (VA) Nebraska Western Iowa Health Care System, Omaha, Nebraska; Department of Research, Inova Diagnostics, San Diego; Division of Rheumatology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles; Division of Rheumatology, Scripps Green Hospital, La Jolla, California; Department of Immunology, Benaroya Research Institute at Virginia Mason, Seattle, Washington; Center for Genomics and Human Genetics, Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Manhasset, New York, USA.,H.M. Berens, MD, PhD, Rheumatology Fellow, Division of Rheumatology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus; K.J. Polinski, BS, PhD student, Department of Epidemiology, Colorado School of Public Health; T.R. Mikuls, MD, MSPH, Professor of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, and Division of Rheumatology, VA Nebraska Western Iowa Health Care System; S. Khatter, MD, Resident, Division of Rheumatology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus; J. August, BS, Professional Research Assistant, Division of Rheumatology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus; A. Visser, BS, Professional Research Assistant, Division of Rheumatology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus; M. Mahler, PhD, Vice President of Research and Development, Department of Research, Inova Diagnostics; M.H. Weisman, MD, Professor of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center; J.R. O'Dell, MD, Professor and Vice Chair Internal Medicine, Chief of Rheumatology, Division of Rheumatology, University of Nebraska Medical Center; R.M. Keating, MD, Professor of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Scripps Green Hospital; J.H. Buckner, MD, President, Department of Immunology, Benaroya Research Institute at Virginia Mason; P.K. Gregersen, MD, Professor of Molecular Medicine, Center for Genomics and Human Genetics, Feinstein Institute for Medical Research; J.M. Norris, PhD, Professor and Chair of Epidemiology, Department of Epidemiology, Colorado School of Public Health; V.M. Holers, MD, Professor of Medicine, Chair of Rheumatology, Division of Rheumatology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus; K.D. Deane, MD, PhD, Associate Professor of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus; M.K. Demoruelle, MD, PhD, Assistant Professor of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus
| | - M Kristen Demoruelle
- From the Division of Rheumatology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora; Department of Epidemiology, Colorado School of Public Health, Aurora, Colorado; Division of Rheumatology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha; Division of Rheumatology, Veterans Affairs (VA) Nebraska Western Iowa Health Care System, Omaha, Nebraska; Department of Research, Inova Diagnostics, San Diego; Division of Rheumatology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles; Division of Rheumatology, Scripps Green Hospital, La Jolla, California; Department of Immunology, Benaroya Research Institute at Virginia Mason, Seattle, Washington; Center for Genomics and Human Genetics, Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Manhasset, New York, USA. .,H.M. Berens, MD, PhD, Rheumatology Fellow, Division of Rheumatology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus; K.J. Polinski, BS, PhD student, Department of Epidemiology, Colorado School of Public Health; T.R. Mikuls, MD, MSPH, Professor of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, and Division of Rheumatology, VA Nebraska Western Iowa Health Care System; S. Khatter, MD, Resident, Division of Rheumatology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus; J. August, BS, Professional Research Assistant, Division of Rheumatology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus; A. Visser, BS, Professional Research Assistant, Division of Rheumatology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus; M. Mahler, PhD, Vice President of Research and Development, Department of Research, Inova Diagnostics; M.H. Weisman, MD, Professor of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center; J.R. O'Dell, MD, Professor and Vice Chair Internal Medicine, Chief of Rheumatology, Division of Rheumatology, University of Nebraska Medical Center; R.M. Keating, MD, Professor of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Scripps Green Hospital; J.H. Buckner, MD, President, Department of Immunology, Benaroya Research Institute at Virginia Mason; P.K. Gregersen, MD, Professor of Molecular Medicine, Center for Genomics and Human Genetics, Feinstein Institute for Medical Research; J.M. Norris, PhD, Professor and Chair of Epidemiology, Department of Epidemiology, Colorado School of Public Health; V.M. Holers, MD, Professor of Medicine, Chair of Rheumatology, Division of Rheumatology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus; K.D. Deane, MD, PhD, Associate Professor of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus; M.K. Demoruelle, MD, PhD, Assistant Professor of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus.
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James JA, Chen H, Young KA, Bemis EA, Seifert J, Bourn RL, Deane KD, Demoruelle MK, Feser M, O'Dell JR, Weisman MH, Keating RM, Gaffney PM, Kelly JA, Langefeld CD, Harley JB, Robinson W, Hafler DA, O'Connor KC, Buckner J, Guthridge JM, Norris JM, Holers VM. Latent autoimmunity across disease-specific boundaries in at-risk first-degree relatives of SLE and RA patients. EBioMedicine 2019; 42:76-85. [PMID: 30952617 PMCID: PMC6491794 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2019.03.063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2019] [Revised: 03/15/2019] [Accepted: 03/21/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Autoimmune disease prevention requires tools to assess an individual's risk of developing a specific disease. One tool is disease-associated autoantibodies, which accumulate in an asymptomatic preclinical period. However, patients sometimes exhibit autoantibodies associated with a different disease classification. When and how these alternative autoantibodies first appear remain unknown. This cross-sectional study characterizes alternative autoimmunity, and associated genetic and environmental factors, in unaffected first-degree relatives (FDRs) of patients, who exhibit increased future risk for the same disease. METHODS Samples (n = 1321) from disease-specific autoantibody-positive (aAb+) systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), rheumatoid arthritis (RA), and type 1 diabetes (T1D) patients; and unaffected aAb+ and autoantibody-negative (aAb-) SLE and RA FDRs were tested for SLE, RA, and T1D aAbs, as well as anti-tissue transglutaminase, anti-cardiolipin and anti-thyroperoxidase. FDR SLE and RA genetic risk scores (GRS) were calculated. FINDINGS Alternative autoimmunity occurred in SLE patients (56%) and FDRs (57·4%), RA patients (32·6%) and FDRs (34·8%), and T1D patients (43%). Expanded autoimmunity, defined as autoantibodies spanning at least two other diseases, occurred in 18·5% of SLE patients, 16·4% of SLE FDRs, 7·8% of RA patients, 5·3% of RA FDRs, and 10·8% of T1D patients. SLE FDRs were more likely to have alternative (odds ratio [OR] 2·44) and expanded (OR 3·27) autoimmunity than RA FDRs. Alternative and expanded autoimmunity were associated with several environmental exposures. Alternative autoimmunity was associated with a higher RA GRS in RA FDRs (OR 1·41), and a higher SLE GRS in aAb+ RA FDRs (OR 1·87), but not in SLE FDRs. INTERPRETATION Autoimmunity commonly crosses disease-specific boundaries in systemic (RA, SLE) and organ-specific (T1D) autoimmune diseases. Alternative autoimmunity is more common in SLE FDRs than RA FDRs, and is influenced by genetic and environmental factors. These findings have substantial implications for preclinical disease pathogenesis and autoimmune disease prevention studies. FUND: NIH U01AI101981, R01AR051394, U19AI082714, P30AR053483, P30GM103510, U54GM104938, U01AI101934, R01AI024717, U01AI130830, I01BX001834, & U01HG008666.
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Affiliation(s)
- Judith A James
- Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, OK, USA; University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA.
| | - Hua Chen
- Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | | | | | | | - Rebecka L Bourn
- Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - John B Harley
- Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, The University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, and Cincinnati US Department of Veterans Affairs VA Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | | | | | | | - Jane Buckner
- Benaroya Research Institute at Virginia Mason, Seattle, Washington, USA
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Dong H, Julien PJ, Demoruelle MK, Deane KD, Weisman MH. Interstitial lung abnormalities in patients with early rheumatoid arthritis: A pilot study evaluating prevalence and progression. Eur J Rheumatol 2018; 6:193-198. [PMID: 31657702 DOI: 10.5152/eurjrheum.2019.19044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2019] [Accepted: 06/12/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Pulmonary disease is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). In this study, we investigated the prevalence and progression of interstitial lung abnormalities (ILA) in a prospective cohort study of 18 subjects with early RA. METHODS Eighteen adults diagnosed with anti-citrullinated protein-antibody-positive RA within the prior year underwent baseline high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT), symptom assessment, and pulmonary function and laboratory testing. The follow-up HRCT and clinical assessment were completed after 1 year. RESULTS Seven of the 18 patients (39%) had baseline HRCT abnormalities including septal thickening, honeycombing, ground glass opacities, and/or traction bronchiectasis. At follow-up, 6 out of the 7 subjects (86%) with ILAs at baseline exhibited progression, while 10 out of 11 (91%) without ILAs at baseline remained stable. A higher Clinical Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Questionnaire score was associated with both the presence and progression of HRCT abnormalities (10 vs 2, p=0.045; 10 vs 2, p=0.009, respectively). C-reactive protein (CRP) trended higher in patients with radiologic abnormalities (3.5 mg/L vs 1.1 mg/L, p=0.08) and was significantly higher in those with progression (3.5 mg/L vs 1 mg/L, p=0.024). Smoking, pulmonary function, and autoantibodies were not associated with HRCT abnormalities. CONCLUSION ILAs are prevalent in patients with early RA. If identified at baseline, radiographic progression of ILAs after 1 year is likely, while those without ILAs at baseline are unlikely to develop new ILAs. In addition, early respiratory symptoms and higher CRP levels may correlate with the presence and progression of underlying ILAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huawei Dong
- Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
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Demoruelle MK, Bowers E, Lahey LJ, Sokolove J, Purmalek M, Seto NL, Weisman MH, Norris JM, Kaplan MJ, Holers VM, Robinson WH, Deane KD. Antibody Responses to Citrullinated and Noncitrullinated Antigens in the Sputum of Subjects With Rheumatoid Arthritis and Subjects at Risk for Development of Rheumatoid Arthritis. Arthritis Rheumatol 2018; 70:516-527. [PMID: 29266801 DOI: 10.1002/art.40401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2017] [Accepted: 12/14/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The location and mechanisms involved in the initial generation of autoantibodies to citrullinated and noncitrullinated proteins/peptides during the natural history of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) development is incompletely understood. This study sought to explore individual antibody responses to citrullinated and noncitrullinated proteins/peptides in the sputum and associations with neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) in subjects at risk for the future development of RA. METHODS Serum and sputum samples were obtained from 41 RA-free subjects who were considered at risk for the development of RA based on familial or serologic risk factors, from 20 subjects classified as having RA, and from 22 healthy control subjects. Samples were evaluated using a bead-based array for IgG reactivity to 29 citrullinated proteins/peptides and 21 noncitrullinated proteins/peptides. Cutoff levels for antibody positivity were established in a separate control group. NET levels in the sputum were measured using sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays that quantitate DNA-myeloperoxidase and DNA-neutrophil elastase complexes. RESULTS In at-risk subjects, antibody responses to the citrullinated forms of fibrinogen, apolipoprotein E, and fibronectin were highly prevalent. The most citrulline-specific antibodies in the sputum of at-risk subjects were those to fibrinogen, vimentin, and peptides of fibrinogen A and apolipoprotein A1. Patterns of sputum autoantibody positivity differed between at-risk subjects and subjects with RA. In at-risk subjects, increasing sputum NET levels significantly correlated with several citrullinated and some noncitrullinated antibody reactivities. CONCLUSION These findings suggest that sputum antibody reactivity to particular citrullinated and noncitrullinated proteins/peptides is specific for RA and for subjects at risk of RA, and the association of these proteins/peptides with NETs may be a key feature of early RA-related autoimmunity in the lung. These results further support the hypothesis that the lung plays a role in early RA-related autoimmunity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Jeremy Sokolove
- VA Palo Alto Healthcare System and Stanford University, Stanford, California, and AbbVie Pharmaceuticals, San Francisco, California
| | - Monica Purmalek
- National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Nickie L Seto
- National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland
| | | | | | - Mariana J Kaplan
- National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland
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Kristen Demoruelle M, Olson AL, Solomon JJ. The Epidemiology of Rheumatoid Arthritis-Associated Lung Disease. Lung Disease in Rheumatoid Arthritis 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-68888-6_4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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Hughes-Austin JM, Gan RW, Deane KD, Weisman MH, Demoruelle MK, Sokolove J, Robinson WH, Holers VM, Norris JM, Ix JH. Association of Antibodies to Citrullinated Protein Antigens with Blood Pressure in First-Degree Relatives of Rheumatoid Arthritis Patients: The Studies of the Etiology of Rheumatoid Arthritis. Am J Nephrol 2017; 46:481-487. [PMID: 29237149 DOI: 10.1159/000485259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2017] [Accepted: 11/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hypertension is more common in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) than in the general population. It is unknown whether hypertension is due to RA-related medications or the disease itself. Therefore, we sought to investigate associations between RA-related autoantibodies, specifically antibodies to citrullinated protein antigens (ACPA) and systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) in first-degree relatives of RA patients, who were free of RA and RA-related medications. We hypothesized that a greater number of detectable ACPA would be associated with high SBP and DBP, independent of other risk factors in these first-degree relatives. METHODS We evaluated associations between ACPA and SBP and DBP in a cross-sectional study of 72 first-degree relatives (defined as parent, child, or sibling) of RA patients. Fifteen ACPA were measured using a Bio-Plex bead-based assay; each was dichotomized as positive/negative based on pre-specified cut-points. Analysis of covariance was used to evaluate associations between ACPA positivity and SBP and DBP, adjusting for age, sex, race, body mass index (BMI), pack-years of smoking, high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP), and current use of anti-hypertensive medications. RESULTS Average age was 51 and 69% were women. Mean SBP was 119 ± 18 and DBP was 74 ± 9 mm Hg. Thirty-three (46%) first-degree relatives were positive for ≥1 ACPA; and were younger, had lower BMI, more pack-years of smoking, and higher hsCRP concentrations compared to ACPA negative first-degree relatives. For each additional positive ACPA, SBP was 0.98 ± 0.5 mm Hg (p = 0.05) higher, and DBP was 0.66 ± 0.3 mm Hg (p = 0.04) higher. Anti-cit-fibrinogen A (211-230) positive and anti-cit-filaggrin positive first-degree relatives had 11.5 and 13.9 mm Hg higher SBP (p = 0.02) respectively. Anti-cit-clusterin, cit-filaggrin, and cit-vimentin positive first-degree relatives had 7-8 mm Hg higher DBP (p = 0.03, 0.05, 0.05 respectively), compared to being negative for these individual ACPA. Consistent with associations between ACPA, SBP, and DBP, anti-cyclic citrullinated peptides (anti-CCP2) positive first-degree relatives had 16.4± (p = 0.03) higher SBP and 12.1± mm Hg (p = 0.01) higher DBP than anti-CCP2 negative first-degree relatives. CONCLUSION In first-degree relatives without RA, ACPA positivity is associated with higher SBP and DBP. Subclinical autoimmune processes and ACPA may play a role in the vascular changes potentially leading to hypertension prior to RA onset.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan M Hughes-Austin
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Ryan W Gan
- Department of Epidemiology, Colorado School of Public Health, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Kevin D Deane
- Department of Rheumatology, School of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Michael H Weisman
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - M Kristen Demoruelle
- Department of Rheumatology, School of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Jeremy Sokolove
- Division of Immunology and Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
- VA Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, California, USA
| | - William H Robinson
- Division of Immunology and Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
- VA Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, California, USA
| | - V Michael Holers
- Department of Rheumatology, School of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Jill M Norris
- Department of Epidemiology, Colorado School of Public Health, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Joachim H Ix
- Division of Nephrology-Hypertension, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
- VA San Diego Health Care System, San Diego, California, USA
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Gan RW, Bemis EA, Demoruelle MK, Striebich CC, Brake S, Feser ML, Moss L, Clare-Salzler M, Holers VM, Deane KD, Norris JM. The association between omega-3 fatty acid biomarkers and inflammatory arthritis in an anti-citrullinated protein antibody positive population. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2017; 56:2229-2236. [PMID: 29029330 DOI: 10.1093/rheumatology/kex360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives Higher circulating omega-3 fatty acids (n-3 FAs) are associated with a lower prevalence of anti-CCP antibodies and RF in subjects without RA. We examined whether, in anti-CCP+ subjects, n-3 FAs also play a role in development of inflammatory arthritis (IA). Methods At Colorado-based health fairs from 2008 to 2014, participants without a previous diagnosis of RA who were anti-CCP3+ (n = 47) were recruited into a follow-up study; symptom assessments and joint examinations were conducted every 6 months for the determination of IA. We measured n-3 FAs as a percentage of total lipids in red blood cell membranes (n-3 FA%) at each visit. Results We detected IA in 10 anti-CCP3+ subjects (21%) at the baseline visit. Increased total n-3 FA% in red blood cell membranes [odds ratio (OR) = 0.09, 95% CI: 0.01, 0.76], specifically docosapentaenoic acid (OR = 0.16, 95% CI: 0.03, 0.83) and docosahexaenoic acid (OR = 0.23, 95% CI: 0.06, 0.86), was associated with a lower odds of IA at the baseline visit, adjusting for n-3 FA supplement use, current smoking, RF+, elevated CRP+ and shared epitope. We followed 35 of the anti-CCP3+ subjects who were IA negative at baseline and detected 14 incident IA cases over an average of 2.56 years of follow-up. In a time-varying survival analysis, increasing docosapentaenoic acid significantly decreased risk of incident IA (hazard ratio = 0.52, 95% CI: 0.27, 0.98), adjusting for age at baseline, n-3 FA supplement use, RF+, CRP+ and shared epitope. Conclusion n-3 FAs may potentially lower the risk of transition from anti-CCP positivity to IA, an observation that warrants further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan W Gan
- Department of Epidemiology, Colorado School of Public Health
| | | | | | | | | | - Marie L Feser
- Division of Rheumatology, University of Colorado, Aurora
| | - LauraKay Moss
- Division of Rheumatology, University of Colorado, Aurora
| | - Michael Clare-Salzler
- Department of Pathology, Immunology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | | | - Kevin D Deane
- Division of Rheumatology, University of Colorado, Aurora
| | - Jill M Norris
- Department of Epidemiology, Colorado School of Public Health
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Demoruelle MK. The Clinical and Research Implications of Anti-carbamylated Protein Antibodies. J Rheumatol 2017; 44:1302-1303. [PMID: 28864665 DOI: 10.3899/jrheum.170697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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50
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Demoruelle MK, Harrall KK, Ho L, Purmalek MM, Seto NL, Rothfuss HM, Weisman MH, Solomon JJ, Fischer A, Okamoto Y, Kelmenson LB, Parish MC, Feser M, Fleischer C, Anderson C, Mahler M, Norris JM, Kaplan MJ, Cherrington BD, Holers VM, Deane KD. Anti-Citrullinated Protein Antibodies Are Associated With Neutrophil Extracellular Traps in the Sputum in Relatives of Rheumatoid Arthritis Patients. Arthritis Rheumatol 2017; 69:1165-1175. [PMID: 28182854 DOI: 10.1002/art.40066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2016] [Accepted: 02/02/2017] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Studies suggest that rheumatoid arthritis (RA)-related autoimmunity is initiated at a mucosal site. However, the factors associated with the mucosal generation of this autoimmunity are unknown, especially in individuals who are at risk of future RA. Therefore, we tested anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide (anti-CCP) antibodies in the sputum of RA-free first-degree relatives (FDRs) of RA patients and patients with classifiable RA. METHODS We evaluated induced sputum and serum samples from 67 FDRs and 20 RA patients for IgA anti-CCP and IgG anti-CCP, with cutoff levels for positivity determined in a control population. Sputum was also evaluated for cell counts, neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) using sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays for protein/nucleic acid complexes, and total citrulline. RESULTS Sputum was positive for IgA and/or IgG anti-CCP in 14 of 20 RA patients (70%) and 17 of 67 FDRs (25%), including a portion of FDRs who were serum anti-CCP negative. In the FDRs, elevations of sputum IgA and IgG anti-CCP were associated with elevated sputum cell counts and NET levels. IgA anti-CCP was associated with ever smoking and with elevated sputum citrulline levels. CONCLUSION Anti-CCP is elevated in the sputum of FDRs, including seronegative FDRs, suggesting that the lung may be a site of anti-CCP generation in this population. The association of anti-CCP with elevated cell counts and NET levels in FDRs supports a hypothesis that local airway inflammation and NET formation may drive anti-CCP production in the lung and may promote the early stages of RA development. Longitudinal studies are needed to follow the evolution of these processes relative to the development of systemic autoimmunity and articular RA.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Linh Ho
- University of Colorado Denver at Aurora
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