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Weiss M, Geißelsöder K, Breuer M, Dechant M, Endres J, Stemmler M, Wodarz N. [Treatment of Opioid-dependent Inmates - Attitudes and Treatment Practice of medical Staff in Bavarian Prisons]. Gesundheitswesen 2022; 84:1107-1112. [PMID: 33782924 DOI: 10.1055/a-1399-9286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The present study examines the treatment practice and attitudes of medical staff towards opioid-dependent inmates in Bavarian prisons. METHOD We interviewed medical staff (n=20) from 18 Bavarian prisons about substitution practice and attitudes by semi-structured interviews. RESULTS With regard to the treatment routines and the attitudes of the medical staff, we found mixed results. From the perspective of the medical staff, the treatment decision depends on the patients' wishes, the severity and duration of the dependence, the length of sentence and organizational factors. Problems were discussed in particular with regard to the care situation inside and outside the prisons and difficulties in transition management. CONCLUSIONS Substitution therapy is considered a standard treatment method in prisons today. However, our respondents highlighted some disadvantages (e. g. passing on the substitution drug). Although the treatment goal of complete abstinence was generally viewed positively by a part of the medical staff, it was not considered very realistic. From the point of view of the respondents, special attention should be paid to the continuity of the chosen treatment strategy in the context of discharge management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maren Weiss
- Lehrstuhl für Psychologische Diagnostik, Methodenlehre und Rechtspsychologie, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Deutschland
| | - Kerstin Geißelsöder
- Lehrstuhl für Psychologische Diagnostik, Methodenlehre und Rechtspsychologie, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Deutschland
| | - Maike Breuer
- Kriminologischer Dienst, Bayerischer Justizvollzug, Erlangen, Deutschland
| | - Michael Dechant
- Lehrstuhl für Psychologische Diagnostik, Methodenlehre und Rechtspsychologie, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Deutschland
| | - Johann Endres
- Kriminologischer Dienst, Bayerischer Justizvollzug, Erlangen, Deutschland
| | - Mark Stemmler
- Lehrstuhl für Psychologische Diagnostik, Methodenlehre und Rechtspsychologie, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Deutschland
| | - Norbert Wodarz
- Zentrum für Suchtmedizin, Klinik und Poliklinik für Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie der Universität Regensburg, Regensburg, Deutschland
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Wodarz-von Essen HJ, Wolstein J, Pogarell O, Wodarz N. [First Aid Training for Drug Overdose in Opioid Addicts and Provision of Take-Home Naloxone on Release from Prison: Feasibility Study from the Bavarian Model Project]. Gesundheitswesen 2022. [PMID: 36126950 DOI: 10.1055/a-1860-1048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Between 22 and 30% of prisoners in Germany are reported to be intravenous drug users. There is a 12-fold increase in mortality, mostly as a result of opioid overdose in the first weeks after release from prison. We evaluated the feasibility of first aid training for drug overdose, including take-home naloxone in incarcerated opioid addicts. METHODOLOGY Within the Bavarian Take-Home Naloxone Model Project (BayTHN), a subsample of imprisoned opioid addicts was recruited in 5 Bavarian correctional facilities. Manualized first aid training for drug overdose, including take-home naloxone was provided. All surveys were conducted with standardized questionnaires or semi-structured interviews. RESULTS Sixty-two long-term opioid addicts were included (age: 36 years (22-53 years); 53.2% women; age at first opioid use: 19.2 years (10-31 years). On average, 3.9 (1-10) opioid addicts participated per training session. At the time of training, the opioid addicts had been in prison on average for 42 (1-228) weeks and expected their release from prison in about 10 (1-64) weeks. 68% of participants reported having experienced a drug overdose by themselves. 84% had already experienced at least one drug emergency with another person, 36% more than once. Nearly one-third had not offered helped in the last emergency they had experienced, mostly out of fear of doing something wrong. Only 50% of participants had called emergency services. 25% tried to help, however, by not very effective means. 75% often consumed in the presence of other persons, such as partners and/or friends. The incarcerated opioid addicts were well motivated to participate and showed a significant increase in knowledge and skills for effective first aid in an opioid overdose situation. CONCLUSION The feasibility study carried out among imprisoned opioid addicts shows that manualized first aid training in handling opioid overdose, including take-home naloxone can be successfully implemented. A best-practice model for reducing initial caveats, organization, and prescribing take-home naloxone at release from prison was established. The high rate of drug overdoses and drug use in the presence of others (potential first responders) proves that the target group for successful use of first aid training along with take-home naloxone could be reached. However, a broad roll-out is needed to achieve a relevant reduction in mortality in opioid addicts after release from prison.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heike Jutta Wodarz-von Essen
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie der Universität Regensburg am Bezirksklinikum, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Jörg Wolstein
- Institut für Psychologie, Otto-Friedrich-Universität Bamberg, Bamberg, Germany
| | - Oliver Pogarell
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München Medizinische Fakultät, München, Germany
| | - Norbert Wodarz
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie der Universität Regensburg am Bezirksklinikum, Regensburg, Germany
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Kiefer F, Batra A, Petersen KU, Ardern IS, Tananska D, Bischof G, Funke W, Lindenmeyer J, Mueller S, Preuss UW, Schäfer M, Thomasius R, Veltrup C, Weissinger V, Wodarz N, Wurst FM, Hoffmann S. German Guidelines on Screening, Diagnosis, and Treatment of Alcohol Use Disorders: Update 2021. Eur Addict Res 2022; 28:309-322. [PMID: 35439764 DOI: 10.1159/000522335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Accepted: 01/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Alcohol consumption in Germany is associated with considerable health and economic consequences. In addition to prevention, the early detection and differential treatment of those affected play an important role. The guideline "Screening, Diagnosis, and Treatment of Alcohol Use Disorders" forms the basis of this care for people suffering from alcohol use disorders. Regular updates integrate the current state of research evidence and clinical expertise. METHODS Under the auspices of the German Society for Psychiatry, Psychotherapy, Psychosomatics, and Neurology and the German Society for Addiction Research and Addiction Therapy e.V. (DG-Sucht), the 2019-2020 S3 guideline on alcohol was revised by eight working groups. Thirty-five professional societies participated in a structured consensus process to deliberate the recommendations. Potential conflicts of interest were examined in advance, documented, and taken into account during the voting on the recommendations. RESULTS The guideline provides recommendations on screening and brief interventions for different groups of people, as well as on treatment of individuals in the acute and post-acute phases of withdrawal. Special emphasis was placed on the treatment of comorbid somatic and psychological disorders. In addition, recommendations for specific groups of people (e.g., children and adolescents, pregnant women) have been made and adapted to the German care landscape.
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Affiliation(s)
- Falk Kiefer
- Central Institute of Mental Health, Department of Addictive Behaviour and Addiction Medicine, Mannheim, Germany
- Chair in Addiction Research, Medical Faculty Mannheim/Heidelberg University, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Anil Batra
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Kay Uwe Petersen
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Isabel Sophie Ardern
- Central Institute of Mental Health, Department of Addictive Behaviour and Addiction Medicine, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Daniela Tananska
- Central Institute of Mental Health, Department of Addictive Behaviour and Addiction Medicine, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Gallus Bischof
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Wilma Funke
- MEDIAN clinic Wied, Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany
| | | | - Sebastian Mueller
- Center of Alcohol Research, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Ulrich W Preuss
- Vitos clinic for psychiatry an psychotherapy Herborn, Herborn, Germany
| | - Martin Schäfer
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Psychosomatic and Addiction Medicine, Kliniken Essen-Mitte, Essen, Germany
| | - Rainer Thomasius
- German Center for Addiction Research in Childhood and Adolescence (DZSKJ), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf (UKE), Hamburg, Germany
| | | | | | - Norbert Wodarz
- Clinical Addiction Medicine Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Friedrich M Wurst
- Medical Faculty, Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Sabine Hoffmann
- Central Institute of Mental Health, Department of Addictive Behaviour and Addiction Medicine, Mannheim, Germany
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Härtl S, Schröder S, Gartner C, Wodarz N. Beratung Angehöriger pathologischer
Glücksspieler/-innen: Status quo und
Unterstützungsbedarf. Suchttherapie 2022. [DOI: 10.1055/a-1518-2862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Zusammenfassung
Ziel Angehörige von Menschen mit Glücksspielproblemen sind
mit gesundheitlichen, sozialen und emotionalen Belastungen konfrontiert. Bis
dato existiert jedoch kein etabliertes Konzept zur Unterstützung
für diese Zielgruppe. Deshalb sollen in dieser Studie zum einen
relevante Rahmenbedingungen und inhaltliche Aspekte der Arbeit mit
Angehörigen von Menschen mit Glücksspielproblemen
geklärt und zum anderen die Grundlage für die Entwicklung einer
Kurzintervention geschaffen werden.
Methodik Onlinegestützte deutschlandweite Befragung von
Suchthilfe-Mitarbeitenden (n=102) sowie Gruppendiskussion mit
Angehörigen (n=4) im Herbst 2019.
Ergebnisse Die befragten Mitarbeitenden in der Suchthilfe nannten als die
wichtigsten Themen für die Beratung von Angehörigen von Menschen
mit Glücksspielproblemen das Verhalten Angehöriger
gegenüber Betroffenen, Geldmanagement, den Umgang mit Emotionen,
Beziehungsberatung und Psychoedukation. Die meisten Befragten gaben an, die
Angehörigen im Einzelsetting (68%) in durchschnittlich 3
Sitzungen (Median 2,5; Min=1; Max=15) zu beraten. Der Abstand
zwischen den Sitzungen beträgt durchschnittlich 3 Wochen (Median 2
Wochen). Für die zu entwickelnde Kurzintervention wurden
Verantwortungsrückgabe und Selbstfürsorge (69%),
Problem-/Belastungsexploration (42%) und Tipps zur finanziellen
Existenzsicherung (28%) als die drei wichtigsten Themen
ausgewählt. Sowohl als Erfolgsfaktor für eine gelingende
Angehörigenberatung als auch für die Adhärenz der
Angehörigen wurde eine positive bzw. wertschätzende
Beziehungsgestaltung am häufigsten genannt. Die Ergebnisse aus der
Gruppendiskussion mit Angehörigen deuten in eine ähnliche
Richtung: Die Themen Verhalten als Angehörige gegenüber
Betroffenen, Abgrenzung/Verantwortlichkeiten und konkrete
Verhaltenstipps wurden als wichtig erachtet; jedoch ging es den
Angehörigen eher darum, sich „richtig“ zu verhalten,
während der Fokus der Suchthilfe auf der Abgrenzung und
Selbstfürsorge lag.
Schlussfolgerungen Die Studie liefert wichtige Hinweise auf relevante
Themen und Inhalte für die Beratung Angehöriger von Menschen mit
Glücksspielproblemen. Auf Basis dieser Ergebnisse soll im
nächsten Schritt eine Kurzintervention entwickelt werden. Hinsichtlich
der Beratungsmethoden herrscht jedoch weiterer Forschungsbedarf. Zum anderen
sollte untersucht werden, wie der Zugang der Angehörigen zum Hilfesystem
und dessen Bekanntheit optimiert sowie bestehende Barrieren vermindert werden
können.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabine Härtl
- Bayerische Akademie für Sucht- und Gesundheitsfragen BAS
Unternehmergesellschaft (haftungsbeschränkt), Landesstelle
Glücksspielsucht in Bayern
| | - Sonja Schröder
- Bayerische Akademie für Sucht- und Gesundheitsfragen BAS
Unternehmergesellschaft (haftungsbeschränkt), Landesstelle
Glücksspielsucht in Bayern
| | - Corinna Gartner
- Bayerische Akademie für Sucht- und Gesundheitsfragen BAS
Unternehmergesellschaft (haftungsbeschränkt), Landesstelle
Glücksspielsucht in Bayern
| | - Norbert Wodarz
- Zentrum für Suchtmedizin, Klinik und Poliklinik für
Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie der Universität Regensburg am
Bezirksklinikum Regensburg
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Kiefer F, Batra A, Bischof G, Funke W, Lindenmeyer J, Mueller S, Preuss UW, Schäfer M, Thomasius R, Veltrup C, Weissinger V, Wodarz N, Wurst FM, AUD L, Hoffmann S. S3-Leitlinie „Screening, Diagnose und Behandlung alkoholbezogener Störungen“. SUCHT 2021. [DOI: 10.1024/0939-5911/a000704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Zusammenfassung. Zielsetzung: Alkoholkonsum ist in Deutschland mit erheblichen gesundheitlichen und wirtschaftlichen Folgen assoziiert. Neben der Prävention spielen die Früherkennung und differentielle Behandlung von Betroffenen eine bedeutende Rolle. Die Leitlinie „Screening, Diagnose und Behandlung alkoholbezogener Störungen“ bildet die Grundlage für die Versorgung betroffener Personen. Die regelmäßigen Updates implementieren evidenzbasiert den aktuellen Forschungsstand von Literatur und klinischer Expertise. Methodik: Unter Federführung der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Psychiatrie, Psychotherapie, Psychosomatik und Nervenheilkunde (DGPPN) und der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Suchtforschung und Suchttherapie e. V. (DG-Sucht) wurde die S3-Leitlinie Alkohol von 2019–2020 in acht Arbeitsgruppen überarbeitet. Am strukturierten Konsensprozess zur Beratung der Empfehlungen beteiligten sich 35 Fachgesellschaften. Potentielle Interessenskonflikte wurden im Vorfeld erfragt, dokumentiert und in der Abstimmung der Empfehlungen berücksichtigt.: Die Leitlinie gibt Empfehlungen zu Screening und Kurzintervention für verschiedene Personengruppen, sowie zur Behandlung von Betroffenen in der akuten und postakuten Phase des Entzugs. Besondere Bedeutung kommt der Behandlung von komorbiden somatischen und psychischen Störungen zu. Außerdem wurden Empfehlungen für bestimmte Personengruppen (z. B. Kinder und Jugendliche, Schwangere) ausgesprochen und auf die deutsche Versorgungslandschaft adapiert.
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Affiliation(s)
- Falk Kiefer
- Klinik für Abhängiges Verhalten und Suchtmedizin, Zentralinstitut für Seelische Gesundheit, Mannheim
- Lehrstuhl für Suchtforschung, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg
| | - Anil Batra
- Sektion Suchtmedizin des Universitätsklinikums Tübingen, Tübingen
| | - Gallus Bischof
- Klinik für Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie, Universität zu Lübeck
| | | | | | | | | | - Martin Schäfer
- Klinik für Psychiatrie, Psychotherapie, Psychosomatik und Suchtmedizin, Ev. Kliniken Essen-Mitte
| | - Rainer Thomasius
- Deutsches Zentrum für Suchtfragen des Kindes- und Jugendalters, Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Sabine Hoffmann
- Klinik für Abhängiges Verhalten und Suchtmedizin, Zentralinstitut für Seelische Gesundheit, Mannheim
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Bonnet U, Specka M, Soyka M, Alberti T, Bender S, Hilger J, Hillemacher T, Kuhlmann T, Kuhn J, Lüdecke C, Reimer J, Schneider U, Schroeder W, Stuppe M, Wiesbeck G, Wodarz N, Scherbaum N. [Weighing the benefits and harms of psychotropic and analgesic substances - A perspective of German addiction medicine experts]. Fortschr Neurol Psychiatr 2021; 90:19-29. [PMID: 33634461 DOI: 10.1055/a-1363-0223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In Europe, there have been several addiction-expert rankings of harms related to the use of psychotropic substances in the last 15 years. Among them, only one expert ranking took into account the potential benefits of these drugs. Non-Opioidergic Analgesics (NOAs), such as gabapentinoids and NSAIDs, which have been increasingly the subject of abuse / misuse reports, have not been considered in such expert rankings. Likewise, there is currently no multi-substance comparison as to whether the valuation rank of the harmfulness of an illegal drug may change along with an imagined change in legal status in Germany. OBJECTIVES AND METHODS Using a questionnaire, 101 experienced addiction physicians (first cohort) evaluated 33 psychoactive substances including analgesics with regard to their health and social harms as well as potential usefulness for the consumer and their environment / society ('others'). In addition, this cohort investigated whether the harmfulness assessment of an illegal substance changes if it would be legalized. In order to obtain the average overall harmfulness (overall risk) of a substance, the percentage contribution of each dimension to the overall harmfulness was determined in a second survey (second cohort, 36 experienced addiction medicine experts). Finally, the average benefit and overall risk ratings of each substance were related to each other. RESULTS Prescription psychoactive substances such as analgesics, NOAs (including gabapentinoids) and opioidergic maintenance medications to treat opiate dependence were judged to have a favorable benefit-harm profile. Cannabis and ketamine were placed in the midfield of both, the harm and benefit rankings. Together with most illicit narcotic drugs, alcohol and nicotine, have been ranked among the most harmful and least useful substances, whereby alcohol was judged on average to be more harmful but also more useful than nicotine. In the event of potential legalization, the overall harm of the traditional illegal drugs methamphetamine, heroin, cocaine and cannabis was estimated to be reduced. This was mainly due to a more favorable valuation of the harm to others under these virtual conditions. CONCLUSION Prescription substances including opioidergic and non-opioidergic analgesics as well as opioid maintenance therapy medications (methadone and buprenorphine) were assigned a favorable benefit-harm profile. Alcohol, nicotine and traditional illicit drugs (with the exception of cannabis and ketamine) were determined to have an unfavorable profile. The overall harm of traditional illicit drugs was assessed to decrease along with legalization, mainly by decreasing the harm to others in this virtual event.
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Affiliation(s)
- Udo Bonnet
- Evangelisches Krankenhaus Castrop-Rauxel, Klinik für Psychiatrie, Psychotherapie und Psychosomatik.,LVR-Klinik Essen, Klinik für Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie & Klinik für Abhängiges Verhalten und Suchtmedizin, Medizinische Fakultät, Universität Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Deutschland
| | - Michael Specka
- LVR-Klinik Essen, Klinik für Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie & Klinik für Abhängiges Verhalten und Suchtmedizin, Medizinische Fakultät, Universität Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Deutschland
| | - Michael Soyka
- Klinik für Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie, Universitätsklinik, LMU München, München, Deutschland
| | - Thomas Alberti
- Johanniter Krankenhaus Oberhausen, Evangelischer Klinikverbund Niederrhein gGmbH
| | - Stefan Bender
- LWL-Kliniken Marsberg, Klinik für Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie, Marsberg, Deutschland
| | - Jörg Hilger
- Evangelische Stiftung Tannenhof, Fachkrankenhaus für Psychiatrie, Psychotherapie, Psychosomatik und Neurologie, Remscheid, Deutschland
| | - Thomas Hillemacher
- Klinik für Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie, Universitätsklinik der Paracelsus Medizinischen Privatuniversität Nürnberg.,Klinik für Psychiatrie, Sozialpsychiatrie und Psychotherapie, Medizinische Hochschule Hannover
| | - Thomas Kuhlmann
- Psychosomatische Klinik Bergisch Gladbach, Bergisch Gladbach, Deutschland
| | - Jens Kuhn
- Johanniter Krankenhaus Oberhausen, Evangelischer Klinikverbund Niederrhein gGmbH.,Klinik für Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie, Universitätsklinik Köln
| | - Christel Lüdecke
- Fachbereich für Abhängigkeitserkrankungen, Asklepios Fachklinikum Göttingen, Deutschland
| | - Jens Reimer
- Zentrum für Interdisziplinäre Suchtforschung, Klinik für Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie, Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf.,Zentrum für Psychosoziale Medizin, Gesundheit Nord, Klinikverbund Bremen, Bremen, Deutschland
| | - Udo Schneider
- Universitätsklinik für Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie der Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Campus Ost-Westfalen-Lippe, Lübbecke, Deutschland
| | | | - Markus Stuppe
- Carl-Friedrich-Flemming-Klinik, Helios Kliniken Schwerin, Klinik für Abhängigkeitserkrankungen, Schwerin, Deutschland
| | - Gerhard Wiesbeck
- Universitäre Psychiatrische Kliniken Basel, Zentrum für Abhängigkeitserkrankungen
| | - Norbert Wodarz
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie der Universität Regensburg am Bezirksklinikum, Zentrum für Suchtmedizin
| | - Norbert Scherbaum
- LVR-Klinik Essen, Klinik für Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie & Klinik für Abhängiges Verhalten und Suchtmedizin, Medizinische Fakultät, Universität Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Deutschland
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Munn‐Chernoff MA, Johnson EC, Chou Y, Coleman JR, Thornton LM, Walters RK, Yilmaz Z, Baker JH, Hübel C, Gordon S, Medland SE, Watson HJ, Gaspar HA, Bryois J, Hinney A, Leppä VM, Mattheisen M, Ripke S, Yao S, Giusti‐Rodríguez P, Hanscombe KB, Adan RA, Alfredsson L, Ando T, Andreassen OA, Berrettini WH, Boehm I, Boni C, Boraska Perica V, Buehren K, Burghardt R, Cassina M, Cichon S, Clementi M, Cone RD, Courtet P, Crow S, Crowley JJ, Danner UN, Davis OS, Zwaan M, Dedoussis G, Degortes D, DeSocio JE, Dick DM, Dikeos D, Dina C, Dmitrzak‐Weglarz M, Docampo E, Duncan LE, Egberts K, Ehrlich S, Escaramís G, Esko T, Estivill X, Farmer A, Favaro A, Fernández‐Aranda F, Fichter MM, Fischer K, Föcker M, Foretova L, Forstner AJ, Forzan M, Franklin CS, Gallinger S, Giegling I, Giuranna J, Gonidakis F, Gorwood P, Gratacos Mayora M, Guillaume S, Guo Y, Hakonarson H, Hatzikotoulas K, Hauser J, Hebebrand J, Helder SG, Herms S, Herpertz‐Dahlmann B, Herzog W, Huckins LM, Hudson JI, Imgart H, Inoko H, Janout V, Jiménez‐Murcia S, Julià A, Kalsi G, Kaminská D, Karhunen L, Karwautz A, Kas MJ, Kennedy JL, Keski‐Rahkonen A, Kiezebrink K, Kim Y, Klump KL, Knudsen GPS, La Via MC, Le Hellard S, Levitan RD, Li D, Lilenfeld L, Lin BD, Lissowska J, Luykx J, Magistretti PJ, Maj M, Mannik K, Marsal S, Marshall CR, Mattingsdal M, McDevitt S, McGuffin P, Metspalu A, Meulenbelt I, Micali N, Mitchell K, Monteleone AM, Monteleone P, Nacmias B, Navratilova M, Ntalla I, O'Toole JK, Ophoff RA, Padyukov L, Palotie A, Pantel J, Papezova H, Pinto D, Rabionet R, Raevuori A, Ramoz N, Reichborn‐Kjennerud T, Ricca V, Ripatti S, Ritschel F, Roberts M, Rotondo A, Rujescu D, Rybakowski F, Santonastaso P, Scherag A, Scherer SW, Schmidt U, Schork NJ, Schosser A, Seitz J, Slachtova L, Slagboom PE, Slof‐Op't Landt MC, Slopien A, Sorbi S, Świątkowska B, Szatkiewicz JP, Tachmazidou I, Tenconi E, Tortorella A, Tozzi F, Treasure J, Tsitsika A, Tyszkiewicz‐Nwafor M, Tziouvas K, Elburg AA, Furth EF, Wagner G, Walton E, Widen E, Zeggini E, Zerwas S, Zipfel S, Bergen AW, Boden JM, Brandt H, Crawford S, Halmi KA, Horwood LJ, Johnson C, Kaplan AS, Kaye WH, Mitchell J, Olsen CM, Pearson JF, Pedersen NL, Strober M, Werge T, Whiteman DC, Woodside DB, Grove J, Henders AK, Larsen JT, Parker R, Petersen LV, Jordan J, Kennedy MA, Birgegård A, Lichtenstein P, Norring C, Landén M, Mortensen PB, Polimanti R, McClintick JN, Adkins AE, Aliev F, Bacanu S, Batzler A, Bertelsen S, Biernacka JM, Bigdeli TB, Chen L, Clarke T, Degenhardt F, Docherty AR, Edwards AC, Foo JC, Fox L, Frank J, Hack LM, Hartmann AM, Hartz SM, Heilmann‐Heimbach S, Hodgkinson C, Hoffmann P, Hottenga J, Konte B, Lahti J, Lahti‐Pulkkinen M, Lai D, Ligthart L, Loukola A, Maher BS, Mbarek H, McIntosh AM, McQueen MB, Meyers JL, Milaneschi Y, Palviainen T, Peterson RE, Ryu E, Saccone NL, Salvatore JE, Sanchez‐Roige S, Schwandt M, Sherva R, Streit F, Strohmaier J, Thomas N, Wang J, Webb BT, Wedow R, Wetherill L, Wills AG, Zhou H, Boardman JD, Chen D, Choi D, Copeland WE, Culverhouse RC, Dahmen N, Degenhardt L, Domingue BW, Frye MA, Gäebel W, Hayward C, Ising M, Keyes M, Kiefer F, Koller G, Kramer J, Kuperman S, Lucae S, Lynskey MT, Maier W, Mann K, Männistö S, Müller‐Myhsok B, Murray AD, Nurnberger JI, Preuss U, Räikkönen K, Reynolds MD, Ridinger M, Scherbaum N, Schuckit MA, Soyka M, Treutlein J, Witt SH, Wodarz N, Zill P, Adkins DE, Boomsma DI, Bierut LJ, Brown SA, Bucholz KK, Costello EJ, Wit H, Diazgranados N, Eriksson JG, Farrer LA, Foroud TM, Gillespie NA, Goate AM, Goldman D, Grucza RA, Hancock DB, Harris KM, Hesselbrock V, Hewitt JK, Hopfer CJ, Iacono WG, Johnson EO, Karpyak VM, Kendler KS, Kranzler HR, Krauter K, Lind PA, McGue M, MacKillop J, Madden PA, Maes HH, Magnusson PK, Nelson EC, Nöthen MM, Palmer AA, Penninx BW, Porjesz B, Rice JP, Rietschel M, Riley BP, Rose RJ, Shen P, Silberg J, Stallings MC, Tarter RE, Vanyukov MM, Vrieze S, Wall TL, Whitfield JB, Zhao H, Neale BM, Wade TD, Heath AC, Montgomery GW, Martin NG, Sullivan PF, Kaprio J, Breen G, Gelernter J, Edenberg HJ, Bulik CM, Agrawal A. Shared genetic risk between eating disorder‐ and substance‐use‐related phenotypes: Evidence from genome‐wide association studies. Addict Biol 2021; 26:e12880. [DOI: 10.1111/adb.12880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2019] [Revised: 12/09/2019] [Accepted: 01/13/2020] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Melissa A. Munn‐Chernoff
- Department of Psychiatry University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Chapel Hill North Carolina USA
| | - Emma C. Johnson
- Department of Psychiatry Washington University School of Medicine Saint Louis Missouri USA
| | - Yi‐Ling Chou
- Department of Psychiatry Washington University School of Medicine Saint Louis Missouri USA
| | - Jonathan R.I. Coleman
- Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry (SGDP) Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience King's College London London UK
- National Institute for Health Research Biomedical Research Centre King's College London and South London and Maudsley National Health Service Trust London UK
| | - Laura M. Thornton
- Department of Psychiatry University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Chapel Hill North Carolina USA
| | - Raymond K. Walters
- Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit, Department of Medicine Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School Boston Massachusetts USA
- Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard Cambridge Massachusetts USA
| | - Zeynep Yilmaz
- Department of Psychiatry University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Chapel Hill North Carolina USA
- Department of Genetics University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Chapel Hill North Carolina USA
| | - Jessica H. Baker
- Department of Psychiatry University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Chapel Hill North Carolina USA
| | - Christopher Hübel
- Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry (SGDP) Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience King's College London London UK
- National Institute for Health Research Biomedical Research Centre King's College London and South London and Maudsley National Health Service Trust London UK
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics Karolinska Institutet Stockholm Sweden
| | - Scott Gordon
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute Brisbane Queensland Australia
| | - Sarah E. Medland
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute Brisbane Queensland Australia
| | - Hunna J. Watson
- Department of Psychiatry University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Chapel Hill North Carolina USA
- School of Psychology Curtin University Perth Western Australia Australia
- School of Paediatrics and Child Health University of Western Australia Perth Western Australia Australia
| | - Héléna A. Gaspar
- Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry (SGDP) Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience King's College London London UK
- National Institute for Health Research Biomedical Research Centre King's College London and South London and Maudsley National Health Service Trust London UK
| | - Julien Bryois
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics Karolinska Institutet Stockholm Sweden
| | - Anke Hinney
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg‐Essen Essen Germany
| | - Virpi M. Leppä
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics Karolinska Institutet Stockholm Sweden
| | - Manuel Mattheisen
- Department of Biomedicine Aarhus University Aarhus Denmark
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience Karolinska Institutet Stockholm Sweden
- Center for Psychiatry Research, Stockholm Health Care Services Stockholm County Council Stockholm Sweden
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy University of Würzburg Germany
| | - Stephan Ripke
- Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit, Department of Medicine Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School Boston Massachusetts USA
- Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard Cambridge Massachusetts USA
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy Charité ‐ Universitätsmedizin Berlin Germany
| | - Shuyang Yao
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics Karolinska Institutet Stockholm Sweden
| | - Paola Giusti‐Rodríguez
- Department of Genetics University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Chapel Hill North Carolina USA
| | - Ken B. Hanscombe
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics King's College London, Guy's Hospital London UK
| | - Roger A.H. Adan
- Department of Translational Neuroscience, Brain Center Rudolf Magnus University Medical Center Utrecht Utrecht The Netherlands
- Center for Eating Disorders Rintveld Altrecht Mental Health Institute Zeist The Netherlands
- Sahlgrenska Academy University of Gothenburg Gothenburg Sweden
| | - Lars Alfredsson
- Institute of Environmental Medicine Karolinska Institutet Stockholm Sweden
| | - Tetsuya Ando
- Department of Behavioral Medicine, National Institute of Mental Health National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry Kodaira Tokyo Japan
| | - Ole A. Andreassen
- NORMENT Centre, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, NORMENT Centre University of Oslo, Oslo University Hospital Oslo Norway
| | - Wade H. Berrettini
- Department of Psychiatry, Center for Neurobiology and Behavior University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine Philadelphia Pennsylvania USA
| | - Ilka Boehm
- Division of Psychological and Social Medicine and Developmental Neurosciences, Faculty of Medicine Technische Universität Dresden Dresden Germany
| | - Claudette Boni
- Centre of Psychiatry and Neuroscience INSERM U894 Paris France
| | - Vesna Boraska Perica
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus Hinxton Cambridge UK
- Department of Medical Biology, School of Medicine University of Split Split Croatia
| | - Katharina Buehren
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy RWTH Aachen University Aachen Germany
| | | | - Matteo Cassina
- Clinical Genetics Unit, Department of Woman and Child Health University of Padova Italy
| | - Sven Cichon
- Institute of Medical Genetics and Pathology University Hospital Basel Basel Switzerland
- Department of Biomedicine University of Basel Basel Switzerland
- Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine (INM‐1) Research Center Juelich Germany
| | - Maurizio Clementi
- Clinical Genetics Unit, Department of Woman and Child Health University of Padova Italy
| | - Roger D. Cone
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, Life Sciences Institute University of Michigan Ann Arbor Michigan USA
| | - Philippe Courtet
- Department of Emergency Psychiatry and Post‐Acute Care, CHRU Montpellier University of Montpellier Montpellier France
| | - Scott Crow
- Department of Psychiatry University of Minnesota Minneapolis Minnesota USA
| | - James J. Crowley
- Department of Genetics University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Chapel Hill North Carolina USA
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience Karolinska Institutet Stockholm Sweden
| | - Unna N. Danner
- Altrecht Eating Disorders Rintveld Altrecht Mental Health Institute Zeist The Netherlands
| | - Oliver S.P. Davis
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit University of Bristol Bristol UK
- School of Social and Community Medicine University of Bristol Bristol UK
| | - Martina Zwaan
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy Hannover Medical School Hannover Germany
| | - George Dedoussis
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics Harokopio University Athens Greece
| | | | | | - Danielle M. Dick
- Department of Psychology Virginia Commonwealth University Richmond Virginia USA
- College Behavioral and Emotional Health Institute Virginia Commonwealth University Richmond Virginia USA
- Department of Human & Molecular Genetics Virginia Commonwealth University Richmond Virginia USA
| | - Dimitris Dikeos
- Department of Psychiatry, Athens University Medical School Athens University Athens Greece
| | - Christian Dina
- l'institut du thorax INSERM, CNRS, Univ Nantes Nantes France
| | | | - Elisa Docampo
- Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology Barcelona Spain
- Universitat Pompeu Fabra Barcelona Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP) Barcelona Spain
| | - Laramie E. Duncan
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences Stanford University Stanford California USA
| | - Karin Egberts
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, Centre for Mental Health University Hospital of Würzburg Würzburg Germany
| | - Stefan Ehrlich
- Division of Psychological and Social Medicine and Developmental Neurosciences, Faculty of Medicine Technische Universität Dresden Dresden Germany
| | - Geòrgia Escaramís
- Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology Barcelona Spain
- Universitat Pompeu Fabra Barcelona Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP) Barcelona Spain
| | - Tõnu Esko
- Estonian Genome Center University of Tartu Tartu Estonia
- Program in Medical and Population Genetics Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard Cambridge Massachusetts USA
| | - Xavier Estivill
- Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology Barcelona Spain
- Universitat Pompeu Fabra Barcelona Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP) Barcelona Spain
- Genomics and Disease, Bioinformatics and Genomics Programme Centre for Genomic Regulation Barcelona Spain
| | - Anne Farmer
- Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry (SGDP) Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience King's College London London UK
| | - Angela Favaro
- Department of Neurosciences University of Padova Padova Italy
| | - Fernando Fernández‐Aranda
- Department of Psychiatry University Hospital of Bellvitge –IDIBELL and CIBERobn Barcelona Spain
- Department of Clinical Sciences, School of Medicine University of Barcelona Barcelona Spain
| | - Manfred M. Fichter
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy Ludwig‐Maximilians‐University Munich Germany
- Schön Klinik Roseneck affiliated with the Medical Faculty of the University of Munich Munich Germany
| | - Krista Fischer
- Estonian Genome Center University of Tartu Tartu Estonia
| | - Manuel Föcker
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry University of Münster Münster Germany
| | - Lenka Foretova
- Department of Cancer, Epidemiology and Genetics Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute Brno Czech Republic
| | - Andreas J. Forstner
- Department of Biomedicine University of Basel Basel Switzerland
- Centre for Human Genetics University of Marburg Marburg Germany
- Institute of Human Genetics School of Medicine & University Hospital Bonn, University of Bonn Bonn Germany
- Department of Psychiatry (UPK) University of Basel Basel Switzerland
| | - Monica Forzan
- Clinical Genetics Unit, Department of Woman and Child Health University of Padova Italy
| | | | - Steven Gallinger
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine University of Toronto Toronto Ontario Canada
| | - Ina Giegling
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics Martin‐Luther‐University Halle‐Wittenberg Halle (Saale) Germany
| | - Johanna Giuranna
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg‐Essen Essen Germany
| | - Fragiskos Gonidakis
- 1st Psychiatric Department National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Medical School, Eginition Hospital Athens Greece
| | - Philip Gorwood
- Institute of Psychiatry and Neuroscience of Paris INSERM U1266 Paris France
- CMME (GHU Paris Psychiatrie et Neurosciences), Paris Descartes University Paris France
| | - Monica Gratacos Mayora
- Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology Barcelona Spain
- Universitat Pompeu Fabra Barcelona Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP) Barcelona Spain
| | - Sébastien Guillaume
- Department of Emergency Psychiatry and Post‐Acute Care, CHRU Montpellier University of Montpellier Montpellier France
| | - Yiran Guo
- Center for Applied Genomics Children's Hospital of Philadelphia Philadelphia Pennsylvania USA
| | - Hakon Hakonarson
- Center for Applied Genomics Children's Hospital of Philadelphia Philadelphia Pennsylvania USA
- Department of Pediatrics University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine Philadelphia Pennsylvania USA
| | - Konstantinos Hatzikotoulas
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus Hinxton Cambridge UK
- Institute of Translational Genomics, Helmholtz Zentrum München ‐ German Research Centre for Environmental Health Neuherberg Germany
| | - Joanna Hauser
- Department of Adult Psychiatry Poznan University of Medical Sciences Poznan Poland
| | - Johannes Hebebrand
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg‐Essen Essen Germany
| | - Sietske G. Helder
- Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry (SGDP) Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience King's College London London UK
- Zorg op Orde Delft The Netherlands
| | - Stefan Herms
- Institute of Medical Genetics and Pathology University Hospital Basel Basel Switzerland
- Department of Biomedicine University of Basel Basel Switzerland
| | - Beate Herpertz‐Dahlmann
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy RWTH Aachen University Aachen Germany
| | - Wolfgang Herzog
- Department of General Internal Medicine and Psychosomatics Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg University Heidelberg Germany
| | - Laura M. Huckins
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus Hinxton Cambridge UK
- Department of Psychiatry, and Genetics and Genomics Sciences, Division of Psychiatric Genomics Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai New York New York USA
| | - James I. Hudson
- Biological Psychiatry Laboratory McLean Hospital/Harvard Medical School Boston Massachusetts USA
| | - Hartmut Imgart
- Eating Disorders Unit Parklandklinik Bad Wildungen Germany
| | - Hidetoshi Inoko
- Department of Molecular Life Science, Division of Basic Medical Science and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine Tokai University Isehara Japan
| | - Vladimir Janout
- Faculty of Health Sciences Palacky University Olomouc Czech Republic
| | - Susana Jiménez‐Murcia
- Department of Psychiatry University Hospital of Bellvitge –IDIBELL and CIBERobn Barcelona Spain
- Department of Clinical Sciences, School of Medicine University of Barcelona Barcelona Spain
| | - Antonio Julià
- Rheumatology Research Group Vall d'Hebron Research Institute Barcelona Spain
| | - Gursharan Kalsi
- Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry (SGDP) Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience King's College London London UK
| | - Deborah Kaminská
- Department of Psychiatry, First Faculty of Medicine Charles University Prague Czech Republic
| | - Leila Karhunen
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition University of Eastern Finland Kuopio Finland
| | - Andreas Karwautz
- Eating Disorders Unit, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Medical University of Vienna Vienna Austria
| | - Martien J.H. Kas
- Department of Translational Neuroscience, Brain Center Rudolf Magnus University Medical Center Utrecht Utrecht The Netherlands
- Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences University of Groningen Groningen The Netherlands
| | - James L. Kennedy
- Centre for Addiction and Mental Health Toronto Ontario Canada
- Institute of Medical Science University of Toronto Toronto Ontario Canada
- Department of Psychiatry University of Toronto Toronto Ontario Canada
| | | | - Kirsty Kiezebrink
- Institute of Applied Health Sciences, School of Medicine, Medical Sciences and Nutrition University of Aberdeen Aberdeen UK
| | - Youl‐Ri Kim
- Department of Psychiatry Seoul Paik Hospital, Inje University Seoul Korea
| | - Kelly L. Klump
- Department of Psychology Michigan State University East Lansing Michigan USA
| | | | - Maria C. La Via
- Department of Psychiatry University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Chapel Hill North Carolina USA
| | - Stephanie Le Hellard
- Department of Clinical Science, Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research (NORMENT) University of Bergen Bergen Norway
- Dr. Einar Martens Research Group for Biological Psychiatry, Center for Medical Genetics and Molecular Medicine Haukeland University Hospital Bergen Norway
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Laboratory Building Haukeland University Hospital Bergen Norway
| | - Robert D. Levitan
- Centre for Addiction and Mental Health Toronto Ontario Canada
- Institute of Medical Science University of Toronto Toronto Ontario Canada
- Department of Psychiatry University of Toronto Toronto Ontario Canada
| | - Dong Li
- Center for Applied Genomics Children's Hospital of Philadelphia Philadelphia Pennsylvania USA
| | - Lisa Lilenfeld
- The Chicago School of Professional Psychology, Washington DC Campus Washington District of Columbia USA
| | - Bochao Danae Lin
- Department of Translational Neuroscience, Brain Center Rudolf Magnus University Medical Center Utrecht Utrecht The Netherlands
| | - Jolanta Lissowska
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention M Skłodowska‐Curie Cancer Center ‐ Oncology Center Warsaw Poland
| | - Jurjen Luykx
- Department of Translational Neuroscience, Brain Center Rudolf Magnus University Medical Center Utrecht Utrecht The Netherlands
| | - Pierre J. Magistretti
- BESE Division King Abdullah University of Science and Technology Thuwal Saudi Arabia
- Department of Psychiatry University of Lausanne‐University Hospital of Lausanne (UNIL‐CHUV) Lausanne Switzerland
| | - Mario Maj
- Department of Psychiatry University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli" Naples Italy
| | - Katrin Mannik
- Estonian Genome Center University of Tartu Tartu Estonia
- Center for Integrative Genomics University of Lausanne Lausanne Switzerland
| | - Sara Marsal
- Rheumatology Research Group Vall d'Hebron Research Institute Barcelona Spain
| | - Christian R. Marshall
- Department of Paediatric Laboratory Medicine, Division of Genome Diagnostics The Hospital for Sick Children Toronto Ontario Canada
| | - Morten Mattingsdal
- NORMENT KG Jebsen Centre, Division of Mental Health and Addiction University of Oslo, Oslo University Hospital Oslo Norway
| | - Sara McDevitt
- Department of Psychiatry University College Cork Cork Ireland
- Eist Linn Adolescent Unit, Bessborough Health Service Executive South Cork Ireland
| | - Peter McGuffin
- Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry (SGDP) Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience King's College London London UK
| | - Andres Metspalu
- Estonian Genome Center University of Tartu Tartu Estonia
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology University of Tartu Tartu Estonia
| | - Ingrid Meulenbelt
- Molecular Epidemiology Section (Department of Biomedical Datasciences) Leiden University Medical Centre Leiden The Netherlands
| | - Nadia Micali
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine University of Geneva Geneva Switzerland
- Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Geneva University Hospital Geneva Switzerland
| | - Karen Mitchell
- National Center for PTSD VA Boston Healthcare System Boston Massachusetts USA
- Department of Psychiatry Boston University School of Medicine Boston Massachusetts USA
| | | | - Palmiero Monteleone
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry "Scuola Medica Salernitana" University of Salerno Salerno Italy
| | - Benedetta Nacmias
- Department of Neuroscience, Psychology, Drug Research and Child Health (NEUROFARBA) University of Florence Florence Italy
| | - Marie Navratilova
- Department of Cancer, Epidemiology and Genetics Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute Brno Czech Republic
| | - Ioanna Ntalla
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics Harokopio University Athens Greece
| | | | - Roel A. Ophoff
- Center for Neurobehavioral Genetics, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior University of California Los Angeles Los Angeles California USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Erasmus MC University Medical Center Rotterdam Rotterdam The Netherlands
| | - Leonid Padyukov
- Department of Medicine, Center for Molecular Medicine, Division of Rheumatology Karolinska Institutet and Karolinska University Hospital Stockholm Sweden
| | - Aarno Palotie
- Program in Medical and Population Genetics Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard Cambridge Massachusetts USA
- Institute for Molecular Medicine FIMM, HiLIFE University of Helsinki Helsinki Finland
- Center for Human Genome Research Massachusetts General Hospital Boston Massachusetts USA
| | - Jacques Pantel
- Centre of Psychiatry and Neuroscience INSERM U894 Paris France
| | - Hana Papezova
- Department of Psychiatry, First Faculty of Medicine Charles University Prague Czech Republic
| | - Dalila Pinto
- Department of Psychiatry, and Genetics and Genomics Sciences, Division of Psychiatric Genomics Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai New York New York USA
| | - Raquel Rabionet
- Saint Joan de Déu Research Institute Saint Joan de Déu Barcelona Children's Hospital Barcelona Spain
- Institute of Biomedicine (IBUB) University of Barcelona Barcelona Spain
- Department of Genetics, Microbiology and Statistics University of Barcelona Barcelona Spain
| | - Anu Raevuori
- Department of Public Health University of Helsinki Helsinki Finland
| | - Nicolas Ramoz
- Institute of Psychiatry and Neuroscience of Paris INSERM U1266 Paris France
| | - Ted Reichborn‐Kjennerud
- Department of Mental Disorders Norwegian Institute of Public Health Oslo Norway
- Institute of Clinical Medicine University of Oslo Oslo Norway
| | - Valdo Ricca
- Department of Health Science University of Florence Florence Italy
| | - Samuli Ripatti
- Department of Biometry University of Helsinki Helsinki Finland
| | - Franziska Ritschel
- Division of Psychological and Social Medicine and Developmental Neurosciences, Faculty of Medicine Technische Universität Dresden Dresden Germany
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Eating Disorders Research and Treatment Center Technische Universität Dresden Dresden Germany
| | - Marion Roberts
- Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry (SGDP) Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience King's College London London UK
| | - Alessandro Rotondo
- Department of Psychiatry, Neurobiology, Pharmacology, and Biotechnologies University of Pisa Pisa Italy
| | - Dan Rujescu
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics Martin‐Luther‐University Halle‐Wittenberg Halle (Saale) Germany
| | - Filip Rybakowski
- Department of Psychiatry Poznan University of Medical Sciences Poznan Poland
| | - Paolo Santonastaso
- Department of Neurosciences, Padua Neuroscience Center University of Padova Padova Italy
| | - André Scherag
- Institute of Medical Statistics, Computer and Data Sciences Jena University Hospital Jena Germany
| | - Stephen W. Scherer
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Biology The Hospital for Sick Children Toronto Ontario Canada
- McLaughlin Centre University of Toronto Toronto Ontario Canada
| | - Ulrike Schmidt
- Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience King's College London London UK
| | | | - Alexandra Schosser
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy Medical University of Vienna Vienna Austria
| | - Jochen Seitz
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy RWTH Aachen University Aachen Germany
| | - Lenka Slachtova
- Department of Pediatrics and Center of Applied Genomics, First Faculty of Medicine Charles University Prague Czech Republic
| | - P. Eline Slagboom
- Molecular Epidemiology Section (Department of Medical Statistics) Leiden University Medical Centre Leiden The Netherlands
| | - Margarita C.T. Slof‐Op't Landt
- Center for Eating Disorders Ursula Rivierduinen Leiden The Netherlands
- Department of Psychiatry Leiden University Medical Centre Leiden The Netherlands
| | - Agnieszka Slopien
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Poznan University of Medical Sciences Poznan Poland
| | - Sandro Sorbi
- Department of Neuroscience, Psychology, Drug Research and Child Health (NEUROFARBA) University of Florence Florence Italy
- IRCCS Fondazione Don Carlo Gnocchi Florence Italy
| | - Beata Świątkowska
- Department of Environmental Epidemiology Nofer Institute of Occupational Medicine Lodz Poland
| | - Jin P. Szatkiewicz
- Department of Genetics University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Chapel Hill North Carolina USA
| | | | - Elena Tenconi
- Department of Neurosciences University of Padova Padova Italy
| | - Alfonso Tortorella
- Department of Psychiatry University of Naples SUN Naples Italy
- Department of Psychiatry University of Perugia Perugia Italy
| | - Federica Tozzi
- Brain Sciences Department Stremble Ventures Limassol Cyprus
| | - Janet Treasure
- Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience King's College London London UK
| | - Artemis Tsitsika
- Adolescent Health Unit, Second Department of Pediatrics "P. & A. Kyriakou" Children's Hospital, University of Athens Athens Greece
| | - Marta Tyszkiewicz‐Nwafor
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Poznan University of Medical Sciences Poznan Poland
| | - Konstantinos Tziouvas
- Pediatric Intensive Care Unit "P. & A. Kyriakou" Children's Hospital, University of Athens Athens Greece
| | - Annemarie A. Elburg
- Center for Eating Disorders Rintveld Altrecht Mental Health Institute Zeist The Netherlands
- Faculty of Social and Behavioral Sciences Utrecht University Utrecht The Netherlands
| | - Eric F. Furth
- Center for Eating Disorders Ursula Rivierduinen Leiden The Netherlands
- Department of Psychiatry Leiden University Medical Centre Leiden The Netherlands
| | - Gudrun Wagner
- Eating Disorders Unit, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Medical University of Vienna Vienna Austria
| | - Esther Walton
- Division of Psychological and Social Medicine and Developmental Neurosciences, Faculty of Medicine Technische Universität Dresden Dresden Germany
| | - Elisabeth Widen
- Institute for Molecular Medicine FIMM, HiLIFE University of Helsinki Helsinki Finland
| | - Eleftheria Zeggini
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus Hinxton Cambridge UK
- Institute of Translational Genomics, Helmholtz Zentrum München ‐ German Research Centre for Environmental Health Neuherberg Germany
| | - Stephanie Zerwas
- Department of Psychiatry University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Chapel Hill North Carolina USA
| | - Stephan Zipfel
- Department of Internal Medicine VI, Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy University Medical Hospital Tuebingen Tuebingen Germany
| | - Andrew W. Bergen
- BioRealm, LLC Walnut California USA
- Oregon Research Institute Eugene Oregon USA
| | - Joseph M. Boden
- Christchurch Health and Development Study University of Otago Christchurch New Zealand
| | - Harry Brandt
- The Center for Eating Disorders at Sheppard Pratt Baltimore Maryland USA
| | - Steven Crawford
- The Center for Eating Disorders at Sheppard Pratt Baltimore Maryland USA
| | - Katherine A. Halmi
- Department of Psychiatry Weill Cornell Medical College New York New York USA
| | - L. John Horwood
- Christchurch Health and Development Study University of Otago Christchurch New Zealand
| | | | - Allan S. Kaplan
- Centre for Addiction and Mental Health Toronto Ontario Canada
- Institute of Medical Science University of Toronto Toronto Ontario Canada
- Department of Psychiatry University of Toronto Toronto Ontario Canada
| | - Walter H. Kaye
- Department of Psychiatry University of California San Diego La Jolla California USA
| | - James Mitchell
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science University of North Dakota School of Medicine and Health Sciences Fargo North Dakota USA
| | - Catherine M. Olsen
- Population Health Department QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute Brisbane Queensland Australia
| | - John F. Pearson
- Biostatistics and Computational Biology Unit University of Otago Christchurch New Zealand
| | - Nancy L. Pedersen
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics Karolinska Institutet Stockholm Sweden
| | - Michael Strober
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Science, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior University of California Los Angeles Los Angeles California USA
- David Geffen School of Medicine University of California Los Angeles Los Angeles California USA
| | - Thomas Werge
- Department of Clinical Medicine University of Copenhagen Copenhagen Denmark
| | - David C. Whiteman
- Population Health Department QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute Brisbane Queensland Australia
| | - D. Blake Woodside
- Institute of Medical Science University of Toronto Toronto Ontario Canada
- Department of Psychiatry University of Toronto Toronto Ontario Canada
- Centre for Mental Health University Health Network Toronto Ontario Canada
- Program for Eating Disorders University Health Network Toronto Ontario Canada
| | - Jakob Grove
- Department of Biomedicine Aarhus University Aarhus Denmark
- The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research (iPSYCH) Aarhus Denmark
- Centre for Integrative Sequencing, iSEQ Aarhus University Aarhus Denmark
- Bioinformatics Research Centre Aarhus University Aarhus Denmark
| | - Anjali K. Henders
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience University of Queensland Brisbane Queensland Australia
| | - Janne T. Larsen
- The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research (iPSYCH) Aarhus Denmark
- National Centre for Register‐Based Research, Aarhus BSS Aarhus University Aarhus Denmark
- Centre for Integrated Register‐based Research (CIRRAU) Aarhus University Aarhus Denmark
| | - Richard Parker
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute Brisbane Queensland Australia
| | - Liselotte V. Petersen
- The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research (iPSYCH) Aarhus Denmark
- National Centre for Register‐Based Research, Aarhus BSS Aarhus University Aarhus Denmark
- Centre for Integrated Register‐based Research (CIRRAU) Aarhus University Aarhus Denmark
| | - Jennifer Jordan
- Department of Psychological Medicine University of Otago Christchurch New Zealand
- Canterbury District Health Board Christchurch New Zealand
| | - Martin A. Kennedy
- Department of Pathology and Biomedical Science University of Otago Christchurch New Zealand
| | - Andreas Birgegård
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics Karolinska Institutet Stockholm Sweden
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience Karolinska Institutet Stockholm Sweden
- Center for Psychiatry Research, Stockholm Health Care Services Stockholm County Council Stockholm Sweden
| | - Paul Lichtenstein
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics Karolinska Institutet Stockholm Sweden
| | - Claes Norring
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience Karolinska Institutet Stockholm Sweden
- Center for Psychiatry Research, Stockholm Health Care Services Stockholm County Council Stockholm Sweden
| | - Mikael Landén
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics Karolinska Institutet Stockholm Sweden
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology The Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg Gothenburg Sweden
| | - Preben Bo Mortensen
- The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research (iPSYCH) Aarhus Denmark
- National Centre for Register‐Based Research, Aarhus BSS Aarhus University Aarhus Denmark
- Centre for Integrated Register‐based Research (CIRRAU) Aarhus University Aarhus Denmark
| | - Renato Polimanti
- Department of Psychiatry, Division of Human Genetics Yale School of Medicine New Haven Connecticut USA
- Veterans Affairs Connecticut Healthcare System West Haven Connecticut USA
| | - Jeanette N. McClintick
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Indiana University School of Medicine Indianapolis Indiana USA
| | - Amy E. Adkins
- Department of Psychology Virginia Commonwealth University Richmond Virginia USA
- College Behavioral and Emotional Health Institute Virginia Commonwealth University Richmond Virginia USA
| | - Fazil Aliev
- Department of Psychology Virginia Commonwealth University Richmond Virginia USA
- Faculty of Business Karabuk University Karabuk Turkey
| | - Silviu‐Alin Bacanu
- Virginia Commonwealth University Alcohol Research Center Virginia Commonwealth University Richmond Virginia USA
- Virginia Institute for Psychiatric and Behavioral Genetics Virginia Commonwealth University Richmond Virginia USA
- Department of Psychiatry Virginia Commonwealth University Richmond Virginia USA
| | - Anthony Batzler
- Psychiatric Genomics and Pharmacogenomics Program Mayo Clinic Rochester Minnesota USA
| | - Sarah Bertelsen
- Department of Neuroscience Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai New York New York USA
| | - Joanna M. Biernacka
- Department of Health Sciences Research Mayo Clinic Rochester Minnesota USA
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychology Mayo Clinic Rochester Minnesota USA
| | - Tim B. Bigdeli
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences State University of New York Downstate Medical Center Brooklyn New York USA
| | - Li‐Shiun Chen
- Department of Psychiatry Washington University School of Medicine Saint Louis Missouri USA
| | | | - Franziska Degenhardt
- Institute of Human Genetics University of Bonn School of Medicine & University Hospital Bonn Bonn Germany
| | - Anna R. Docherty
- Department of Psychiatry University of Utah Salt Lake City Utah USA
| | - Alexis C. Edwards
- Virginia Institute for Psychiatric and Behavioral Genetics Virginia Commonwealth University Richmond Virginia USA
- Department of Psychiatry Virginia Commonwealth University Richmond Virginia USA
| | - Jerome C. Foo
- Department of Genetic Epidemiology in Psychiatry, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim Heidelberg University Mannheim Germany
| | - Louis Fox
- Department of Psychiatry Washington University School of Medicine Saint Louis Missouri USA
| | - Josef Frank
- Department of Genetic Epidemiology in Psychiatry, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim Heidelberg University Mannheim Germany
| | - Laura M. Hack
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences Stanford University Stanford California USA
| | - Annette M. Hartmann
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics Martin‐Luther‐University Halle‐Wittenberg Halle (Saale) Germany
| | - Sarah M. Hartz
- Department of Psychiatry Washington University School of Medicine Saint Louis Missouri USA
| | - Stefanie Heilmann‐Heimbach
- Institute of Human Genetics University of Bonn School of Medicine & University Hospital Bonn Bonn Germany
| | | | - Per Hoffmann
- Institute of Medical Genetics and Pathology University Hospital Basel Basel Switzerland
- Institute of Human Genetics School of Medicine & University Hospital Bonn, University of Bonn Bonn Germany
- Human Genomics Research Group, Department of Biomedicine University of Basel Basel Switzerland
| | - Jouke‐Jan Hottenga
- Department of Biological Psychology, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam Amsterdam The Netherlands
| | - Bettina Konte
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics Martin‐Luther‐University Halle‐Wittenberg Halle (Saale) Germany
| | - Jari Lahti
- Turku Institute for Advanced Studies University of Turku Turku Finland
| | | | - Dongbing Lai
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics Indiana University School of Medicine Indianapolis Indiana USA
| | - Lannie Ligthart
- Department of Biological Psychology, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam Amsterdam The Netherlands
| | - Anu Loukola
- Institute for Molecular Medicine FIMM, HiLIFE University of Helsinki Helsinki Finland
| | - Brion S. Maher
- Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health Baltimore Maryland USA
| | - Hamdi Mbarek
- Department of Biological Psychology, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam Amsterdam The Netherlands
| | - Andrew M. McIntosh
- Division of Psychiatry, Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology University of Edinburgh Edinburgh UK
| | - Matthew B. McQueen
- Department of Integrative Physiology University of Colorado Boulder Boulder Colorado USA
| | - Jacquelyn L. Meyers
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Henri Begleiter Neurodynamics Laboratory SUNY Downstate Medical Center Brooklyn New York USA
| | - Yuri Milaneschi
- Department of Psychiatry, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute VU University Medical Center/GGz inGeest Amsterdam The Netherlands
| | - Teemu Palviainen
- Institute for Molecular Medicine FIMM, HiLIFE University of Helsinki Helsinki Finland
| | - Roseann E. Peterson
- Virginia Institute for Psychiatric and Behavioral Genetics Virginia Commonwealth University Richmond Virginia USA
- Department of Psychiatry Virginia Commonwealth University Richmond Virginia USA
| | - Euijung Ryu
- Department of Health Sciences Research Mayo Clinic Rochester Minnesota USA
| | - Nancy L. Saccone
- Department of Genetics Washington University School of Medicine Saint Louis Missouri USA
| | - Jessica E. Salvatore
- Department of Psychology Virginia Commonwealth University Richmond Virginia USA
- Virginia Institute for Psychiatric and Behavioral Genetics Virginia Commonwealth University Richmond Virginia USA
- Department of Psychiatry Virginia Commonwealth University Richmond Virginia USA
| | - Sandra Sanchez‐Roige
- Department of Psychiatry University of California San Diego La Jolla California USA
| | | | - Richard Sherva
- Department of Medicine (Biomedical Genetics) Boston University School of Medicine Boston Massachusetts USA
| | - Fabian Streit
- Department of Genetic Epidemiology in Psychiatry, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim Heidelberg University Mannheim Germany
| | - Jana Strohmaier
- Department of Genetic Epidemiology in Psychiatry, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim Heidelberg University Mannheim Germany
| | - Nathaniel Thomas
- Department of Psychology Virginia Commonwealth University Richmond Virginia USA
- College Behavioral and Emotional Health Institute Virginia Commonwealth University Richmond Virginia USA
| | - Jen‐Chyong Wang
- Department of Neuroscience Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai New York New York USA
| | - Bradley T. Webb
- Virginia Commonwealth University Alcohol Research Center Virginia Commonwealth University Richmond Virginia USA
- Virginia Institute for Psychiatric and Behavioral Genetics Virginia Commonwealth University Richmond Virginia USA
- Department of Psychiatry Virginia Commonwealth University Richmond Virginia USA
| | - Robbee Wedow
- Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit, Department of Medicine Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School Boston Massachusetts USA
- Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard Cambridge Massachusetts USA
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health Harvard University Cambridge Massachusetts USA
- Department of Sociology Harvard University Cambridge Massachusetts USA
| | - Leah Wetherill
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics Indiana University School of Medicine Indianapolis Indiana USA
| | - Amanda G. Wills
- Department of Pharmacology University of Colorado School of Medicine Aurora Colorado USA
| | - Hang Zhou
- Department of Psychiatry, Division of Human Genetics Yale School of Medicine New Haven Connecticut USA
- Veterans Affairs Connecticut Healthcare System West Haven Connecticut USA
| | - Jason D. Boardman
- Institute of Behavioral Science University of Colorado Boulder Colorado USA
- Department of Sociology University of Colorado Boulder Colorado USA
| | - Danfeng Chen
- Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard Cambridge Massachusetts USA
| | - Doo‐Sup Choi
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics Mayo Clinic Rochester Minnesota USA
| | - William E. Copeland
- Department of Psychiatry University of Vermont Medical Center Burlington Vermont USA
| | - Robert C. Culverhouse
- Department of Medicine, Division of Biostatistics Washington University School of Medicine Saint Louis Missouri USA
| | - Norbert Dahmen
- Department of Psychiatry University of Mainz Mainz Germany
| | - Louisa Degenhardt
- National Drug and Alcohol Research Centre University of New South Wales Sydney New South Wales Australia
| | - Benjamin W. Domingue
- Stanford University Graduate School of Education Stanford University Stanford California USA
| | - Mark A. Frye
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychology Mayo Clinic Rochester Minnesota USA
| | - Wolfgang Gäebel
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy University of Düsseldorf Duesseldorf Germany
| | - Caroline Hayward
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine University of Edinburgh Edinburgh UK
| | - Marcus Ising
- Max‐Planck‐Institute of Psychiatry Munich Germany
| | - Margaret Keyes
- Department of Psychology University of Minnesota Minneapolis Minnesota USA
| | - Falk Kiefer
- Department of Addictive Behavior and Addiction Medicine, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim Heidelberg University Mannheim Germany
| | - Gabriele Koller
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy University Hospital, LMU Munich Munich Germany
| | - John Kramer
- Department of Psychiatry University of Iowa Roy J and Lucille A Carver College of Medicine Iowa City Iowa USA
| | - Samuel Kuperman
- Department of Psychiatry University of Iowa Roy J and Lucille A Carver College of Medicine Iowa City Iowa USA
| | | | - Michael T. Lynskey
- Addictions Department, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience King's College London London UK
| | - Wolfgang Maier
- Department of Psychiatry University of Bonn Bonn Germany
| | - Karl Mann
- Department of Addictive Behavior and Addiction Medicine, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim Heidelberg University Mannheim Germany
| | - Satu Männistö
- Department of Public Health Solutions National Institute for Health and Welfare Helsinki Finland
| | - Bertram Müller‐Myhsok
- Department of Statistical Genetics Max‐Planck‐Institute of Psychiatry München Germany
| | - Alison D. Murray
- Aberdeen Biomedical Imaging Centre, School of Medicine, Medical Sciences & Nutrition University of Aberdeen Foresterhill Aberdeen UK
| | - John I. Nurnberger
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics Indiana University School of Medicine Indianapolis Indiana USA
- Department of Psychiatry Indiana University School of Medicine Indianapolis Indiana USA
| | - Ulrich Preuss
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics Martin‐Luther‐University Halle‐Wittenberg Herborn Germany
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy Vitos Hospital Herborn Herborn Germany
| | - Katri Räikkönen
- Department of Psychology and Logopedics University of Helsinki Helsinki Finland
| | | | - Monika Ridinger
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy University of Regensburg Psychiatric Health Care Aargau Regensburg Germany
| | - Norbert Scherbaum
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy and Department of Addictive Behaviour and Addiction Medicine, Medical Faculty LVR‐Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg‐Essen Essen Germany
| | - Marc A. Schuckit
- Department of Psychiatry University of California San Diego La Jolla California USA
| | - Michael Soyka
- Medical Park Chiemseeblick in Bernau‐Felden Ludwig‐Maximilians‐University Bernau am Chiemsee Germany
- Psychiatric Hospital, Ludwig‐Maximilians‐University Bernau am Chiemsee Germany
| | - Jens Treutlein
- Department of Genetic Epidemiology in Psychiatry, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim Heidelberg University Mannheim Germany
| | - Stephanie H. Witt
- Department of Genetic Epidemiology in Psychiatry, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim Heidelberg University Mannheim Germany
| | - Norbert Wodarz
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy University of Regensburg Regensburg Germany
| | - Peter Zill
- Department of Psychiatry Psychiatric Hospital, Ludwig‐Maximilians‐University Munich Germany
| | - Daniel E. Adkins
- Department of Psychiatry University of Utah Salt Lake City Utah USA
- Department of Sociology University of Utah Salt Lake City Utah USA
| | - Dorret I. Boomsma
- Department of Biological Psychology, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam Amsterdam The Netherlands
| | - Laura J. Bierut
- Department of Psychiatry Washington University School of Medicine Saint Louis Missouri USA
| | - Sandra A. Brown
- Department of Psychiatry University of California San Diego La Jolla California USA
- Department of Psychology University of California San Diego La Jolla California USA
| | - Kathleen K. Bucholz
- Department of Psychiatry Washington University School of Medicine Saint Louis Missouri USA
| | - E. Jane Costello
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences Duke University Medical Center Durham North Carolina USA
| | - Harriet Wit
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience University of Chicago Chicago Illinois USA
| | | | - Johan G. Eriksson
- Department of General Practice and Primary Health Care University of Helsinki Helsinki Finland
- National Institute for Health and Welfare Helsinki Finland
| | - Lindsay A. Farrer
- Department of Medicine (Biomedical Genetics) Boston University School of Medicine Boston Massachusetts USA
- Department of Neurology Boston University School of Medicine Boston Massachusetts USA
- Department of Ophthalmology Boston University School of Medicine Boston Massachusetts USA
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health Boston University Boston Massachusetts USA
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health Boston University Boston Massachusetts USA
| | - Tatiana M. Foroud
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics Indiana University School of Medicine Indianapolis Indiana USA
| | - Nathan A. Gillespie
- Virginia Institute for Psychiatric and Behavioral Genetics Virginia Commonwealth University Richmond Virginia USA
| | - Alison M. Goate
- Department of Neuroscience Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai New York New York USA
| | - David Goldman
- Laboratory of Neurogenetics NIH/NIAAA Bethesda Maryland USA
- Office of the Clinical Director NIH/NIAAA Besthesda Maryland USA
| | - Richard A. Grucza
- Department of Psychiatry Washington University School of Medicine Saint Louis Missouri USA
| | - Dana B. Hancock
- Center for Omics Discovery and Epidemiology, Behavioral Health Research Division RTI International Research Triangle Park North Carolina USA
| | - Kathleen Mullan Harris
- Department of Sociology University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Chapel Hill North Carolina USA
- Carolina Population Center University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Chapel Hill North Carolina USA
| | - Victor Hesselbrock
- Department of Psychiatry University of Connecticut School of Medicine Farmington Connecticut USA
| | - John K. Hewitt
- Institute for Behavioral Genetics University of Colorado Boulder Boulder Colorado USA
| | | | - William G. Iacono
- Department of Psychology University of Minnesota Minneapolis Minnesota USA
| | - Eric O. Johnson
- Center for Omics Discovery and Epidemiology, Behavioral Health Research Division RTI International Research Triangle Park North Carolina USA
- Fellow Program RTI International Research Triangle Park North Carolina USA
| | - Victor M. Karpyak
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychology Mayo Clinic Rochester Minnesota USA
| | - Kenneth S. Kendler
- Virginia Institute for Psychiatric and Behavioral Genetics Virginia Commonwealth University Richmond Virginia USA
- Department of Psychiatry Virginia Commonwealth University Richmond Virginia USA
| | - Henry R. Kranzler
- Center for Studies of Addiction University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine Philadelphia Pennsylvania USA
- VISN 4 MIRECC Crescenz VAMC Philadelphia Pennsylvania USA
| | - Kenneth Krauter
- Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology University of Colorado Boulder Boulder Colorado USA
| | - Penelope A. Lind
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute Brisbane Queensland Australia
| | - Matt McGue
- Department of Psychology University of Minnesota Minneapolis Minnesota USA
| | - James MacKillop
- Peter Boris Centre for Addictions Research McMaster University/St. Joseph's Healthcare Hamilton Hamilton Ontario Canada
- Michael G. DeGroote Centre for Medicinal Cannabis Research McMaster University/St. Joseph's Healthcare Hamilton Hamilton Ontario Canada
| | - Pamela A.F. Madden
- Department of Psychiatry Washington University School of Medicine Saint Louis Missouri USA
| | - Hermine H. Maes
- Virginia Institute for Psychiatric and Behavioral Genetics Virginia Commonwealth University Richmond Virginia USA
| | - Patrik K.E. Magnusson
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics Karolinska Institutet Stockholm Sweden
| | - Elliot C. Nelson
- Department of Psychiatry Washington University School of Medicine Saint Louis Missouri USA
| | - Markus M. Nöthen
- Institute of Human Genetics University of Bonn School of Medicine & University Hospital Bonn Bonn Germany
| | - Abraham A. Palmer
- Department of Psychiatry University of California San Diego La Jolla California USA
- Institute for Genomic Medicine University of California San Diego La Jolla California USA
| | - Brenda W.J.H. Penninx
- Department of Psychiatry, Amsterdam UMC VU University and GGZinGeest Amsterdam The Netherlands
| | - Bernice Porjesz
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Henri Begleiter Neurodynamics Laboratory SUNY Downstate Medical Center Brooklyn New York USA
| | - John P. Rice
- Department of Psychiatry Washington University School of Medicine Saint Louis Missouri USA
| | - Marcella Rietschel
- Department of Genetic Epidemiology in Psychiatry, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim Heidelberg University Mannheim Germany
| | - Brien P. Riley
- Virginia Commonwealth University Alcohol Research Center Virginia Commonwealth University Richmond Virginia USA
- Virginia Institute for Psychiatric and Behavioral Genetics Virginia Commonwealth University Richmond Virginia USA
- Department of Psychiatry Virginia Commonwealth University Richmond Virginia USA
| | - Richard J. Rose
- Department of Psychological & Brain Sciences Indiana University Bloomington Bloomington Indiana USA
| | - Pei‐Hong Shen
- Laboratory of Neurogenetics NIH/NIAAA Bethesda Maryland USA
| | - Judy Silberg
- Virginia Institute for Psychiatric and Behavioral Genetics Virginia Commonwealth University Richmond Virginia USA
- Department of Psychiatry Virginia Commonwealth University Richmond Virginia USA
| | - Michael C. Stallings
- Institute for Behavioral Genetics University of Colorado Boulder Boulder Colorado USA
| | - Ralph E. Tarter
- School of Pharmacy University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh Pennsylvania USA
| | | | - Scott Vrieze
- Department of Psychology University of Minnesota Minneapolis Minnesota USA
| | - Tamara L. Wall
- Department of Psychiatry University of California San Diego La Jolla California USA
| | - John B. Whitfield
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute Brisbane Queensland Australia
| | - Hongyu Zhao
- Department of Biostatistics, Yale School of Public Health Yale University New Haven Connecticut USA
| | - Benjamin M. Neale
- Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit, Department of Medicine Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School Boston Massachusetts USA
- Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard Cambridge Massachusetts USA
| | - Tracey D. Wade
- School of Psychology Flinders University Adelaide South Australia Australia
| | - Andrew C. Heath
- Department of Psychiatry Washington University School of Medicine Saint Louis Missouri USA
| | - Grant W. Montgomery
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute Brisbane Queensland Australia
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience University of Queensland Brisbane Queensland Australia
- Queensland Brain Institute University of Queensland Brisbane Queensland Australia
| | | | - Patrick F. Sullivan
- Department of Psychiatry University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Chapel Hill North Carolina USA
- Department of Genetics University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Chapel Hill North Carolina USA
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics Karolinska Institutet Stockholm Sweden
| | - Jaakko Kaprio
- Department of Public Health University of Helsinki Helsinki Finland
- Institute for Molecular Medicine FIMM, HiLIFE University of Helsinki Helsinki Finland
| | - Gerome Breen
- Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry (SGDP) Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience King's College London London UK
- National Institute for Health Research Biomedical Research Centre King's College London and South London and Maudsley National Health Service Trust London UK
| | - Joel Gelernter
- Department of Psychiatry, Division of Human Genetics Yale School of Medicine New Haven Connecticut USA
- Veterans Affairs Connecticut Healthcare System West Haven Connecticut USA
- Department of Genetics Yale School of Medicine New Haven Connecticut USA
- Department of Neuroscience Yale School of Medicine New Haven Connecticut USA
| | - Howard J. Edenberg
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Indiana University School of Medicine Indianapolis Indiana USA
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics Indiana University School of Medicine Indianapolis Indiana USA
| | - Cynthia M. Bulik
- Department of Psychiatry University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Chapel Hill North Carolina USA
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics Karolinska Institutet Stockholm Sweden
- Department of Nutrition University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Chapel Hill North Carolina USA
| | - Arpana Agrawal
- Department of Psychiatry Washington University School of Medicine Saint Louis Missouri USA
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Kunstmann W, Specka M, Wodarz N, Scherbaum N. [Scientific Rationale for the Directive on Opioid Substitution Treatment of the German Medical Association: A Summary]. Gesundheitswesen 2020; 82:915-919. [PMID: 32610357 DOI: 10.1055/a-1173-9588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND According to the Narcotic Drugs Prescription Ordinance (BtMVV), the German Medical Association was commissioned to issue a directive on opioid substitution treatment (OST) based on the current state of scientific medical knowledge. METHOD For the publication of the initial version of the German Medical Association's directive in 2002, an extensive literature research had been conducted, categorizing the results by levels of evidence. Subsequent revisions in 2010 and 2017 included recent systematic reviews, studies of evidence levels I-III and international guidelines. RESULTS OST showed its potential in the pursuit of health- and addiction-related as well as psychological and social goals. There was a decline in the rate of mortality, and high risk consumption of illegally acquired opioids was eliminated in 70 to 80% of patients in OST. Psycho-social assistance was found to enhance treatment outcome. Scientific evidence was lacking for the identification of patient groups suitable for different duration of take-home prescription. CONCLUSIONS With its 2017 amendment, the guideline of the German Medical Association was revised on the basis of the current state of science on substitution treatment. This creates more legal certainty for doctors, and treatment can be delivered in accordance with the existing scientific knowledge. Whether the effects of OST observed in this study have an impact on the care of opioid addicts by attracting more doctors to participate in their treatment needs further evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wilfried Kunstmann
- Dezernat 1 - Versorgung und Bevölkerungsmedizin, Bundesärztekammer, Berlin
| | - Michael Specka
- Klinik für Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie, LVR-Klinikum Essen, Essen
| | - Norbert Wodarz
- Zentrum für Suchtmedizin, Klinik und Poliklinik für Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie der Universität Regensburg, Regensburg
| | - Norbert Scherbaum
- Klinik für Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie, LVR-Klinikum Essen, Essen
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Wodarz N. Prävalenz und Relevanz der
Medikamentenabhängigkeit. Suchttherapie 2020. [DOI: 10.1055/a-1132-3588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Dr. Gallus Bischof und PD Dr. Friedrich Wurst im Gespräch mit Prof. Dr.
Norbert Wodarz, Chefarzt des Zentrums für Suchtmedizin, sowie
stellvertretender Ärztlicher Direktor der Klinik und Poliklinik für
Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie der Universität Regensburg am Bezirksklinikum
medbo.
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Wiesbeck GA, Wodarz N, Mauerer C, Thome J, Jakob F, Boening J. Sensation seeking, alcoholism and dopamine activity. Eur Psychiatry 2020; 11:87-92. [DOI: 10.1016/0924-9338(96)84785-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/1995] [Accepted: 09/08/1995] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
SummarySensation seeking scale (SSS) scores were determined in 15 alcohol dependent men with a positive family history for alcoholism (FHP), in 15 alcohol dependent men with a negative family history for alcoholism (FHN) and in 15 well-matched healthy male controls (CONTR). Both FHPs and FHNs suffered from longlasting alcohol dependence meeting ICD-10 and DSM-III-R diagnostic criteria. Dopamine activity was neuroendocrinologically assessed by measuring the amount of growth hormone released after stimulation with the dopamine receptor agonist apomorphine. Planned comparisons within a one-way ANOVA yielded significantly elevated levels of boredom susceptibility (BOS) in both FHPs and FHNs against CONTRs. SSS total scores, while approaching statistical significance, were elevated in FHPs only. Partial correlations (controlling for age, body weight, alcohol intake and duration of dependence) were calculated to examine the relationship between SSS and dopamine activity. Among the SSS subtraits, BOS revealed the highest correlation in each group. However, only in CONTRs did the relationship between BOS and dopamine activity reach statistical significance.
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11
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Bonnet U, Specka M, Soyka M, Alberti T, Bender S, Grigoleit T, Hermle L, Hilger J, Hillemacher T, Kuhlmann T, Kuhn J, Luckhaus C, Lüdecke C, Reimer J, Schneider U, Schroeder W, Stuppe M, Wiesbeck GA, Wodarz N, McAnally H, Scherbaum N. Ranking the Harm of Psychoactive Drugs Including Prescription Analgesics to Users and Others-A Perspective of German Addiction Medicine Experts. Front Psychiatry 2020; 11:592199. [PMID: 33192740 PMCID: PMC7649209 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2020.592199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2020] [Accepted: 09/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Over the past 15 years, comparative assessments of psychoactive substance harms to both users and others have been compiled by addiction experts. None of these rankings however have included synthetic cannabinoids or non-opioid prescription analgesics (NOAs, e.g., gabapentinoids) despite evidence of increasing recreational use. We present here an updated assessment by German addiction medicine experts, considering changing Western consumption trends-including those of NOAs. Methods: In an initial survey, 101 German addiction medicine physicians evaluated both physical and psychosocial harms (in 5 dimensions) of 33 psychoactive substances including opioids and NOAs, to both users and others. In a second survey, 36 addiction medicine physicians estimated the relative weight of each health and social harm dimension to determine the overall harm rank of an individual substance. We compared our ranking with the most recent European assessment from 2014. Results: Illicit drugs such as methamphetamine, heroin, cocaine and also alcohol were judged particularly harmful, and new psychoactive drugs (cathinones, synthetic cannabinoids) were ranked among the most harmful substances. Cannabis was ranked in the midrange, on par with benzodiazepines and ketamine-somewhat more favorable compared to the last European survey. Prescribed drugs including opioids (in contrast to the USA, Canada, and Australia) were judged less harmful. NOAs were at the bottom end of the ranking. Conclusion: In Germany, alcohol and illicit drugs (including new psychoactive substances) continue to rank among the most harmful addictive substances in contrast to prescribed agents including opioid analgesics and NOAs. Current laws are incongruent with these harm rankings. This study is the first of its kind to include comparative harm rankings of several novel abused substances, both licit/prescribed and illicit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Udo Bonnet
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatic Medicine, Evangelisches Krankenhaus Castrop-Rauxel, Academic Teaching Hospital of the University of Duisburg/Essen, Castrop-Rauxel, Germany.,Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, Landschaftsverband Rheinland-Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Michael Specka
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, Landschaftsverband Rheinland-Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Michael Soyka
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Thomas Alberti
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatic, Johanniter Hospital Oberhausen, Oberhausen, Germany
| | - Stefan Bender
- Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, Landschaftsverband Westfalen-Lippe-Hospital Marsberg, Marsberg, Germany
| | - Torsten Grigoleit
- Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Landschaftsverband Rheinland-Hospital Langenfeld, Langenfeld, Germany
| | - Leopold Hermle
- Clinic for Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Christophsbad, Göppingen, Germany
| | - Jörg Hilger
- Clinic for Psychiatry, Psychotherapy, Psychosomatics and Neurology, Evangelische Stiftung Tannenhof, Remscheid, Germany
| | - Thomas Hillemacher
- Department of Psychiatry, Socialpsychiatry and Psychotherapy, Hannover Medical School, Hanover, Germany.,Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Paracelsus Medical University, Nuremberg, Germany
| | - Thomas Kuhlmann
- Clinic for Psychosomatics Bergisch-Gladbach, Bergisch Gladbach, Germany
| | - Jens Kuhn
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatic, Johanniter Hospital Oberhausen, Oberhausen, Germany.,Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Christian Luckhaus
- Division of Cognitive Neuropsychiatry and Psychiatric Preventive Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, Landschaftsverband Westfalen-Lippe University Hospital Bochum, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Christel Lüdecke
- Lower Saxonian Psychiatric Hospital, Asklepios Hospital, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Jens Reimer
- Center for Interdisciplinary Addiction Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.,Health North Hospital Group Bemen, Bremen, Germany
| | - Udo Schneider
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Ruhr-University Bochum, Campus Ostwestfalen-Lippe, Luebbecke, Germany
| | | | - Markus Stuppe
- Department of Addiction Medicine, Helios Medical Center Schwerin, Carl-Friedrich-Flemming-Clinic, Schwerin, Germany
| | | | - Norbert Wodarz
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Heath McAnally
- Northern Anesthesia & Pain Medicine, Limited Liability Company, Eagle River, AK, United States.,Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Norbert Scherbaum
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, Landschaftsverband Rheinland-Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
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12
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Strnad P, Buch S, Hamesch K, Fischer J, Rosendahl J, Schmelz R, Brueckner S, Brosch M, Heimes CV, Woditsch V, Scholten D, Nischalke HD, Janciauskiene S, Mandorfer M, Trauner M, Way MJ, McQuillin A, Reichert MC, Krawczyk M, Casper M, Lammert F, Braun F, von Schönfels W, Hinz S, Burmeister G, Hellerbrand C, Teufel A, Feldman A, Schattenberg JM, Bantel H, Pathil A, Demir M, Kluwe J, Boettler T, Ridinger M, Wodarz N, Soyka M, Rietschel M, Kiefer F, Weber T, Marhenke S, Vogel A, Hinrichsen H, Canbay A, Schlattjan M, Sosnowsky K, Sarrazin C, von Felden J, Geier A, Deltenre P, Sipos B, Schafmayer C, Nothnagel M, Aigner E, Datz C, Stickel F, Morgan MY, Hampe J, Berg T, Trautwein C. Heterozygous carriage of the alpha1-antitrypsin Pi*Z variant increases the risk to develop liver cirrhosis. Gut 2019; 68:1099-1107. [PMID: 30068662 DOI: 10.1136/gutjnl-2018-316228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2018] [Revised: 06/20/2018] [Accepted: 07/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Homozygous alpha1-antitrypsin (AAT) deficiency increases the risk for developing cirrhosis, whereas the relevance of heterozygous carriage remains unclear. Hence, we evaluated the impact of the two most relevant AAT variants ('Pi*Z' and 'Pi*S'), present in up to 10% of Caucasians, on subjects with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) or alcohol misuse. DESIGN We analysed multicentric case-control cohorts consisting of 1184 people with biopsy-proven NAFLD and of 2462 people with chronic alcohol misuse, both cohorts comprising cases with cirrhosis and controls without cirrhosis. Genotyping for the Pi*Z and Pi*S variants was performed. RESULTS The Pi*Z variant presented in 13.8% of patients with cirrhotic NAFLD but only in 2.4% of counterparts without liver fibrosis (p<0.0001). Accordingly, the Pi*Z variant increased the risk of NAFLD subjects to develop cirrhosis (adjusted OR=7.3 (95% CI 2.2 to 24.8)). Likewise, the Pi*Z variant presented in 6.2% of alcohol misusers with cirrhosis but only in 2.2% of alcohol misusers without significant liver injury (p<0.0001). Correspondingly, alcohol misusers carrying the Pi*Z variant were prone to develop cirrhosis (adjusted OR=5.8 (95% CI 2.9 to 11.7)). In contrast, the Pi*S variant was not associated with NAFLD-related cirrhosis and only borderline with alcohol-related cirrhosis (adjusted OR=1.47 (95% CI 0.99 to 2.19)). CONCLUSION The Pi*Z variant is the hitherto strongest single nucleotide polymorphism-based risk factor for cirrhosis in NAFLD and alcohol misuse, whereas the Pi*S variant confers only a weak risk in alcohol misusers. As 2%-4% of Caucasians are Pi*Z carriers, this finding should be considered in genetic counselling of affected individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pavel Strnad
- Medical Clinic III, Gastroenterology, Metabolic Diseases and Intensive Care, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany.,Coordinating Center for Alpha1-antitrypsin Deficiency-related Liver Disease of the European Reference Network (ERN) 'Rare Liver', European Association for the Study of the Liver (EASL) Registry Group 'Alpha1-Liver', Aachen, Germany
| | - Stephan Buch
- Medical Department 1, University Hospital Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Karim Hamesch
- Medical Clinic III, Gastroenterology, Metabolic Diseases and Intensive Care, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany.,Coordinating Center for Alpha1-antitrypsin Deficiency-related Liver Disease of the European Reference Network (ERN) 'Rare Liver', European Association for the Study of the Liver (EASL) Registry Group 'Alpha1-Liver', Aachen, Germany
| | - Janett Fischer
- Section of Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Jonas Rosendahl
- Section of Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany.,Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Halle, Martin Luther University, Halle, Germany
| | - Renate Schmelz
- Medical Department 1, University Hospital Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Stefan Brueckner
- Medical Department 1, University Hospital Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Mario Brosch
- Medical Department 1, University Hospital Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Carolin V Heimes
- Medical Clinic III, Gastroenterology, Metabolic Diseases and Intensive Care, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - Vivien Woditsch
- Medical Clinic III, Gastroenterology, Metabolic Diseases and Intensive Care, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - David Scholten
- Medical Clinic III, Gastroenterology, Metabolic Diseases and Intensive Care, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | | | - Sabina Janciauskiene
- Clinic for Pneumology, German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Medical University Hannover, Hannover, Germany
| | - Mattias Mandorfer
- Clinic for Gastroenterology und Hepatology, Medical University Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Michael Trauner
- Clinic for Gastroenterology und Hepatology, Medical University Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Michael J Way
- Institute for Liver & Digestive Health, Division of Medicine, Royal Free Campus, University College London, London, UK.,Molecular Psychiatry Laboratory, Division of Psychiatry, University College London, London, UK
| | - Andrew McQuillin
- Molecular Psychiatry Laboratory, Division of Psychiatry, University College London, London, UK
| | - Matthias C Reichert
- Department of Medicine II, Saarland University Medical Center, Homburg, Germany
| | - Marcin Krawczyk
- Department of Medicine II, Saarland University Medical Center, Homburg, Germany.,Laboratory of Metabolic Liver Diseases, Department of General, Transplantation and Liver Surgery, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Markus Casper
- Department of Medicine II, Saarland University Medical Center, Homburg, Germany
| | - Frank Lammert
- Department of Medicine II, Saarland University Medical Center, Homburg, Germany
| | - Felix Braun
- Department of General and Thoracic Surgery, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany
| | - Witigo von Schönfels
- Department of General and Thoracic Surgery, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany
| | - Sebastian Hinz
- Department of General and Thoracic Surgery, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany
| | - Greta Burmeister
- Department of General and Thoracic Surgery, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany
| | - Claus Hellerbrand
- Institute of Biochemistry, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Andreas Teufel
- Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Alexandra Feldman
- Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Joern M Schattenberg
- Department of Medicine I, University Medical Center Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
| | - Heike Bantel
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Endocrinology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Anita Pathil
- Department of Internal Medicine IV, Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Muenevver Demir
- Clinic for Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Johannes Kluwe
- I. Department of Internal Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Tobias Boettler
- Department of Medicine II, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany
| | - Monika Ridinger
- Department of Psychology, University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany
| | - Norbert Wodarz
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Michael Soyka
- Psychiatric Hospital, Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Germany
| | - Marcella Rietschel
- Faculty of Medicine Mannheim, Central Institute of Mental Health, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Falk Kiefer
- Faculty of Medicine Mannheim, Central Institute of Mental Health, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Thomas Weber
- Department for Clinical Research, University Hospital Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Silke Marhenke
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Endocrinology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Arndt Vogel
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Endocrinology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Holger Hinrichsen
- Department of Gastroenterology, University Hospital Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Ali Canbay
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Infectious Diseases, Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany.,Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Martin Schlattjan
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Katharina Sosnowsky
- Department of Internal Medicine 1, J.W. Goethe University Hospital Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Christoph Sarrazin
- Department of Internal Medicine 1, J.W. Goethe University Hospital Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Johann von Felden
- I. Department of Internal Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Andreas Geier
- Division of Hepatology, Department of Medicine II, University Hospital Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Pierre Deltenre
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.,Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatopancreatology and Digestive Oncology, CUB Hôpital Erasme, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Bence Sipos
- Institute of Pathology, University of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Clemens Schafmayer
- Department of General and Thoracic Surgery, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany
| | - Michael Nothnagel
- Cologne Center for Genomics, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Elmar Aigner
- Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Christian Datz
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Oberndorf, Teaching Hospital of the Paracelsus Private University of Salzburg, Oberndorf, Austria
| | - Felix Stickel
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospital of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Marsha Yvonne Morgan
- Institute for Liver & Digestive Health, Division of Medicine, Royal Free Campus, University College London, London, UK
| | - Jochen Hampe
- Medical Department 1, University Hospital Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Thomas Berg
- Section of Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Christian Trautwein
- Medical Clinic III, Gastroenterology, Metabolic Diseases and Intensive Care, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany.,Coordinating Center for Alpha1-antitrypsin Deficiency-related Liver Disease of the European Reference Network (ERN) 'Rare Liver', European Association for the Study of the Liver (EASL) Registry Group 'Alpha1-Liver', Aachen, Germany
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13
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Gouzoulis-Mayfrank E, Härtel-Petri R, Hamdorf W, Havemann-Reinecke U, Mühlig S, Wodarz N. Methamphetamine-Related Disorders. Dtsch Arztebl Int 2018; 114:455-461. [PMID: 28705298 DOI: 10.3238/arztebl.2017.0455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2017] [Revised: 03/14/2017] [Accepted: 04/07/2017] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Methamphetamine is considered more dangerous than other stimulants because of its acute complications, long-term neurotoxicity, and potential for drug dependence. Until now, there have been no evidence-based guidelines for the treatment of methamphetamine-related disorders, either in Germany or abroad. METHODS A systematic literature search was performed on the treatment of methamphetamine-related disorders. Based on this literature review, a multidisciplinary expert panel developed recommendations using the nominal group technique. RESULTS The evidence base for the treatment of methamphetamine-related disorders is sparse. The efficacy of psychotherapeutic techniques such as cognitive behavioral therapy and contingency management and the efficacy of complex, disorder-specific treatment programs have been proven in ran - domized controlled trials, but it remains unclear which method is best. Persons carrying a diagnosis of substance abuse should be offered psychotherapy. Structured exercise programs, whether self-directed or professionally led, can improve addiction-specific endpoints as well as comorbid disorders and should, therefore, be offered as well. Pharmacotherapy has shown little to no effect in relatively low-quality clinical trials with low case numbers and high dropout rates, and therefore only a few weak recommendations were made. These include tranquilizers for the short-term treatment of agitation and atypical antipsychotics if necessary. Attempts to substitute other substances, such as methylphenidate or dexamphetamine, for methamphetamine have not yielded any robust evidence to date. Sertraline should not be administered due to serious adverse events. CONCLUSION Many of the recommendations in the guideline are made with a weak grade of recommendation because of the poor evidence base and the modest size of the reported therapeutic effects. In acute situations, symptomoriented treatment is recommended. Psychotherapy and exercise should be offered as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- Euphrosyne Gouzoulis-Mayfrank
- *All of the authors of the S3 guideline are listed in eTable1. They contributed equally to this article; Landschaftsverband Rheinland (Rhineland Regional Council, LVR)-Klinik Köln; Psychotherapeutic Practice Bayreuth; Allgemeine Hospitalgesellschaft (AHG) Klinik Mecklenburg; University Medical Center Göttingen; Technische Universität Chemnitz; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital of Regensburg
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14
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Walters RK, Polimanti R, Johnson EC, McClintick JN, Adams MJ, Adkins AE, Aliev F, Bacanu SA, Batzler A, Bertelsen S, Biernacka JM, Bigdeli TB, Chen LS, Clarke TK, Chou YL, Degenhardt F, Docherty AR, Edwards AC, Fontanillas P, Foo JC, Fox L, Frank J, Giegling I, Gordon S, Hack LM, Hartmann AM, Hartz SM, Heilmann-Heimbach S, Herms S, Hodgkinson C, Hoffmann P, Jan Hottenga J, Kennedy MA, Alanne-Kinnunen M, Konte B, Lahti J, Lahti-Pulkkinen M, Lai D, Ligthart L, Loukola A, Maher BS, Mbarek H, McIntosh AM, McQueen MB, Meyers JL, Milaneschi Y, Palviainen T, Pearson JF, Peterson RE, Ripatti S, Ryu E, Saccone NL, Salvatore JE, Sanchez-Roige S, Schwandt M, Sherva R, Streit F, Strohmaier J, Thomas N, Wang JC, Webb BT, Wedow R, Wetherill L, Wills AG, Boardman JD, Chen D, Choi DS, Copeland WE, Culverhouse RC, Dahmen N, Degenhardt L, Domingue BW, Elson SL, Frye MA, Gäbel W, Hayward C, Ising M, Keyes M, Kiefer F, Kramer J, Kuperman S, Lucae S, Lynskey MT, Maier W, Mann K, Männistö S, Müller-Myhsok B, Murray AD, Nurnberger JI, Palotie A, Preuss U, Räikkönen K, Reynolds MD, Ridinger M, Scherbaum N, Schuckit MA, Soyka M, Treutlein J, Witt S, Wodarz N, Zill P, Adkins DE, Boden JM, Boomsma DI, Bierut LJ, Brown SA, Bucholz KK, Cichon S, Costello EJ, de Wit H, Diazgranados N, Dick DM, Eriksson JG, Farrer LA, Foroud TM, Gillespie NA, Goate AM, Goldman D, Grucza RA, Hancock DB, Harris KM, Heath AC, Hesselbrock V, Hewitt JK, Hopfer CJ, Horwood J, Iacono W, Johnson EO, Kaprio JA, Karpyak VM, Kendler KS, Kranzler HR, Krauter K, Lichtenstein P, Lind PA, McGue M, MacKillop J, Madden PAF, Maes HH, Magnusson P, Martin NG, Medland SE, Montgomery GW, Nelson EC, Nöthen MM, Palmer AA, Pedersen NL, Penninx BWJH, Porjesz B, Rice JP, Rietschel M, Riley BP, Rose R, Rujescu D, Shen PH, Silberg J, Stallings MC, Tarter RE, Vanyukov MM, Vrieze S, Wall TL, Whitfield JB, Zhao H, Neale BM, Gelernter J, Edenberg HJ, Agrawal A. Transancestral GWAS of alcohol dependence reveals common genetic underpinnings with psychiatric disorders. Nat Neurosci 2018; 21:1656-1669. [PMID: 30482948 PMCID: PMC6430207 DOI: 10.1038/s41593-018-0275-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 372] [Impact Index Per Article: 62.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2018] [Accepted: 10/12/2018] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Liability to alcohol dependence (AD) is heritable, but little is known about its complex polygenic architecture or its genetic relationship with other disorders. To discover loci associated with AD and characterize the relationship between AD and other psychiatric and behavioral outcomes, we carried out the largest genome-wide association study to date of DSM-IV-diagnosed AD. Genome-wide data on 14,904 individuals with AD and 37,944 controls from 28 case-control and family-based studies were meta-analyzed, stratified by genetic ancestry (European, n = 46,568; African, n = 6,280). Independent, genome-wide significant effects of different ADH1B variants were identified in European (rs1229984; P = 9.8 × 10-13) and African ancestries (rs2066702; P = 2.2 × 10-9). Significant genetic correlations were observed with 17 phenotypes, including schizophrenia, attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder, depression, and use of cigarettes and cannabis. The genetic underpinnings of AD only partially overlap with those for alcohol consumption, underscoring the genetic distinction between pathological and nonpathological drinking behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raymond K Walters
- Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Renato Polimanti
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine and Veterans Affairs Connecticut Healthcare Center, West Haven, CT, USA
| | - Emma C Johnson
- Washington University School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Jeanette N McClintick
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Mark J Adams
- University of Edinburgh, Division of Psychiatry, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Amy E Adkins
- Department of Psychology & College Behavioral and Emotional Health Institute, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Fazil Aliev
- Virginia Commonwealth University, Department of Psychology, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Silviu-Alin Bacanu
- Virginia Commonwealth University Alcohol Research Center; Virginia Institute for Psychiatric and Behavioral Genetics; Department of Psychiatry, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Anthony Batzler
- Mayo Clinic, Psychiatric Genomics and Pharmacogenomics Program, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Sarah Bertelsen
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Department of Neuroscience, New York, NY, USA
| | - Joanna M Biernacka
- Mayo Clinic, Department of Health Sciences Research, and Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Tim B Bigdeli
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, State University of New York Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, NY, USA
| | - Li-Shiun Chen
- Washington University School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Toni-Kim Clarke
- University of Edinburgh, Division of Psychiatry, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Yi-Ling Chou
- Washington University School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Franziska Degenhardt
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Bonn; and Department of Genomics, Life & Brain Center, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Anna R Docherty
- University of Utah, Department of Psychiatry, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Alexis C Edwards
- Virginia Commonwealth University, Virginia Institute for Psychiatric and Behavioral Genetics, Department of Psychiatry, Richmond, VA, USA
| | | | - Jerome C Foo
- Department of Genetic Epidemiology in Psychiatry, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Louis Fox
- Washington University School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Josef Frank
- Department of Genetic Epidemiology in Psychiatry, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Ina Giegling
- Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, Halle, Germany
| | - Scott Gordon
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Laura M Hack
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Annette M Hartmann
- Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, Halle, Germany
| | - Sarah M Hartz
- Washington University School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Stefanie Heilmann-Heimbach
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Bonn; and Department of Genomics, Life & Brain Center, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Stefan Herms
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Bonn; and Department of Genomics, Life & Brain Center, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
- Human Genomics Research Group, Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel Institute of Medical Genetics and Pathology, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | | | - Per Hoffmann
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Bonn; and Department of Genomics, Life & Brain Center, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
- Human Genomics Research Group, Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel Institute of Medical Genetics and Pathology, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Jouke Jan Hottenga
- Department of Biological Psychology, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | - Mervi Alanne-Kinnunen
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Bettina Konte
- Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, Halle, Germany
| | - Jari Lahti
- Helsinki Collegium for Advanced Studies, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Psychology and Logopedics, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | | | - Dongbing Lai
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Lannie Ligthart
- Department of Biological Psychology, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Anu Loukola
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Brion S Maher
- Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Hamdi Mbarek
- Department of Biological Psychology, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Andrew M McIntosh
- University of Edinburgh, Division of Psychiatry, Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Matthew B McQueen
- Department of Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - Jacquelyn L Meyers
- Henri Begleiter Neurodynamics Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, SUNY Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, NY, USA
| | - Yuri Milaneschi
- Department of Psychiatry, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, VU University Medical Center/GGz inGeest, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Teemu Palviainen
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - John F Pearson
- Biostatistics and Computational Biology Unit, University of Otago, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Roseann E Peterson
- Virginia Commonwealth University, Virginia Institute for Psychiatric and Behavioral Genetics, Department of Psychiatry, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Samuli Ripatti
- Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Public Health, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Euijung Ryu
- Mayo Clinic, Department of Health Sciences Research, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Nancy L Saccone
- Washington University School of Medicine, Department of Genetics, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Jessica E Salvatore
- Virginia Commonwealth University, Department of Psychology, Richmond, VA, USA
- Virginia Commonwealth University, Virginia Institute for Psychiatric and Behavioral Genetics, Department of Psychiatry, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Sandra Sanchez-Roige
- University of California San Diego, Department of Psychiatry, San Diego, CA, USA
| | | | - Richard Sherva
- Department of Medicine (Biomedical Genetics), Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Fabian Streit
- Department of Genetic Epidemiology in Psychiatry, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Jana Strohmaier
- Department of Genetic Epidemiology in Psychiatry, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Nathaniel Thomas
- Department of Psychology & College Behavioral and Emotional Health Institute, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Jen-Chyong Wang
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Department of Neuroscience, New York, NY, USA
| | - Bradley T Webb
- Virginia Commonwealth University Alcohol Research Center; Virginia Institute for Psychiatric and Behavioral Genetics; Department of Psychiatry, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Robbee Wedow
- Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Sociology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Leah Wetherill
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Amanda G Wills
- University of Colorado School of Medicine, Department of Pharmacology, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Jason D Boardman
- Institute of Behavioral Science and Department of Sociology, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - Danfeng Chen
- Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Doo-Sup Choi
- Mayo Clinic, Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - William E Copeland
- Duke University Medical Center, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Robert C Culverhouse
- Washington University School of Medicine, Department of Medicine and Division of Biostatistics, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Norbert Dahmen
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Louisa Degenhardt
- National Drug and Alcohol Research Centre, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | | | | | - Mark A Frye
- Mayo Clinic, Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Wolfgang Gäbel
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Caroline Hayward
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Marcus Ising
- Max-Planck-Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany
| | - Margaret Keyes
- University of Minnesota, Department of Psychology, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Falk Kiefer
- Department of Addictive Behavior and Addiction Medicine, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - John Kramer
- University of Iowa Roy J and Lucille A Carver College of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Samuel Kuperman
- University of Iowa Roy J and Lucille A Carver College of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | | | - Michael T Lynskey
- Addictions Department, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Wolfgang Maier
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Karl Mann
- Department of Addictive Behavior and Addiction Medicine, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | | | - Bertram Müller-Myhsok
- Department of Statistical Genetics, Max-Planck-Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany
| | - Alison D Murray
- The Institute of Medical Sciences, Aberdeen Biomedical Imaging Centre, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK
| | - John I Nurnberger
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Aarno Palotie
- Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Medicine, Department of Neurology and Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ulrich Preuss
- Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, Halle, Germany
- Vitos Hospital Herborn, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Herborn, Germany
| | - Katri Räikkönen
- Department of Psychology and Logopedics, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | | | - Monika Ridinger
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Regensburg Psychiatric Health Care Aargau, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Norbert Scherbaum
- LVR-Hospital Essen, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Department of Addictive Behaviour and Addiction Medicine, Medical Faculty, University of Duisburg-Essen, Duisburg, Germany
| | - Marc A Schuckit
- University of California San Diego, Department of Psychiatry, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Michael Soyka
- Medical Park Chiemseeblick in Bernau-Felden, Chiemsee, Germany
- Psychiatric Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany
| | - Jens Treutlein
- Department of Genetic Epidemiology in Psychiatry, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Stephanie Witt
- Department of Genetic Epidemiology in Psychiatry, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Norbert Wodarz
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Peter Zill
- Psychiatric Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany
| | - Daniel E Adkins
- University of Utah, Department of Psychiatry, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
- University of Utah, Department of Sociology, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | | | - Dorret I Boomsma
- Department of Biological Psychology, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Laura J Bierut
- Washington University School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Sandra A Brown
- University of California San Diego, Department of Psychiatry, San Diego, CA, USA
- University of California, San Diego School of Medicine, Department of Psychology, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Kathleen K Bucholz
- Washington University School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Sven Cichon
- Human Genomics Research Group, Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel Institute of Medical Genetics and Pathology, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - E Jane Costello
- Duke University Medical Center, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Durham, NC, USA
| | | | | | - Danielle M Dick
- Department of Psychology & College Behavioral and Emotional Health Institute, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
- Department of Human & Molecular Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Johan G Eriksson
- Department of General Practice and Primary Health Care, University of Helsinki, and National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Lindsay A Farrer
- Department of Medicine (Biomedical Genetics), Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
- Departments of Neurology, Ophthalmology, Epidemiology, and Biostatistics, Boston University Schools of Medicine and Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Tatiana M Foroud
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Nathan A Gillespie
- Virginia Commonwealth University, Virginia Institute for Psychiatric and Behavioral Genetics, Department of Psychiatry, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Alison M Goate
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Department of Neuroscience, New York, NY, USA
| | - David Goldman
- NIH/NIAAA, Laboratory of Neurogenetics, Bethesda, MD, USA
- NIH/NIAAA, Office of the Clinical Director, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Richard A Grucza
- Washington University School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Dana B Hancock
- Center for Omics Discovery and Epidemiology, Behavioral Health Research Division, RTI International, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | - Kathleen Mullan Harris
- Department of Sociology and Carolina Population Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Andrew C Heath
- Washington University School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Victor Hesselbrock
- University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, Farmington, CT, USA
| | - John K Hewitt
- University of Colorado Boulder, Institute for Behavioral Genetics, Boulder, CO, USA
| | | | | | - William Iacono
- University of Minnesota, Department of Psychology, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Eric O Johnson
- RTI International, Fellows Program, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | - Jaakko A Kaprio
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Public Health, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Victor M Karpyak
- Mayo Clinic, Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Kenneth S Kendler
- Virginia Commonwealth University Alcohol Research Center; Virginia Institute for Psychiatric and Behavioral Genetics; Department of Psychiatry, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Henry R Kranzler
- University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Center for Studies of Addiction, Department of Psychiatry and VISN 4 MIRECC, Crescenz VAMC, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Kenneth Krauter
- University of Colorado Boulder, Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - Paul Lichtenstein
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Instituet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Penelope A Lind
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Matt McGue
- University of Minnesota, Department of Psychology, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - James MacKillop
- Peter Boris Centre for Addictions Research, McMaster University/St. Joseph's Healthcare Hamilton; Michael G. DeGroote Centre for Medicinal Cannabis Research, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Pamela A F Madden
- Washington University School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Hermine H Maes
- Virginia Commonwealth University, Virginia Institute for Psychiatric and Behavioral Genetics, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Patrik Magnusson
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Instituet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Nicholas G Martin
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Sarah E Medland
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Grant W Montgomery
- The Institute for Molecular Bioscience, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Elliot C Nelson
- Washington University School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Markus M Nöthen
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Bonn School of Medicine & University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Abraham A Palmer
- University of California San Diego, Department of Psychiatry, San Diego, CA, USA
- University of California San Diego, Institute for Genomic Medicine, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Nancy L Pedersen
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Instituet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Brenda W J H Penninx
- Department of Psychiatry, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, VU University Medical Center/GGz inGeest, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Bernice Porjesz
- Henri Begleiter Neurodynamics Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, SUNY Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, NY, USA
| | - John P Rice
- Washington University School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Marcella Rietschel
- Department of Genetic Epidemiology in Psychiatry, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Brien P Riley
- Virginia Commonwealth University Alcohol Research Center; Virginia Institute for Psychiatric and Behavioral Genetics; Department of Psychiatry, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Richard Rose
- Department of Psychological & Brain Sciences, Indiana University Bloomington, Bloomington, IN, USA
| | - Dan Rujescu
- Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, Halle, Germany
| | - Pei-Hong Shen
- NIH/NIAAA, Laboratory of Neurogenetics, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Judy Silberg
- Virginia Commonwealth University, Virginia Institute for Psychiatric and Behavioral Genetics, Department of Psychiatry, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Michael C Stallings
- University of Colorado Boulder, Institute for Behavioral Genetics, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - Ralph E Tarter
- University of Pittsburgh, School of Pharmacy, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | | | - Scott Vrieze
- University of Minnesota, Department of Psychology, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Tamara L Wall
- University of California San Diego, Department of Psychiatry, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - John B Whitfield
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Hongyu Zhao
- Department of Biostatistics, Yale School of Public Health, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Benjamin M Neale
- Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Joel Gelernter
- Departments of Psychiatry, Genetics, and Neuroscience, Yale University School of Medicine, Veterans Affairs Connecticut Healthcare System, New Haven, CT, USA.
| | - Howard J Edenberg
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA.
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA.
| | - Arpana Agrawal
- Washington University School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, St. Louis, MO, USA.
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15
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Rosendahl J, Kirsten H, Hegyi E, Kovacs P, Weiss FU, Laumen H, Lichtner P, Ruffert C, Chen JM, Masson E, Beer S, Zimmer C, Seltsam K, Algül H, Bühler F, Bruno MJ, Bugert P, Burkhardt R, Cavestro GM, Cichoz-Lach H, Farré A, Frank J, Gambaro G, Gimpfl S, Grallert H, Griesmann H, Grützmann R, Hellerbrand C, Hegyi P, Hollenbach M, Iordache S, Jurkowska G, Keim V, Kiefer F, Krug S, Landt O, Leo MD, Lerch MM, Lévy P, Löffler M, Löhr M, Ludwig M, Macek M, Malats N, Malecka-Panas E, Malerba G, Mann K, Mayerle J, Mohr S, te Morsche RHM, Motyka M, Mueller S, Müller T, Nöthen MM, Pedrazzoli S, Pereira SP, Peters A, Pfützer R, Real FX, Rebours V, Ridinger M, Rietschel M, Rösmann E, Saftoiu A, Schneider A, Schulz HU, Soranzo N, Soyka M, Simon P, Skipworth J, Stickel F, Strauch K, Stumvoll M, Testoni PA, Tönjes A, Werner L, Werner J, Wodarz N, Ziegler M, Masamune A, Mössner J, Férec C, Michl P, P H Drenth J, Witt H, Scholz M, Sahin-Tóth M. Genome-wide association study identifies inversion in the CTRB1-CTRB2 locus to modify risk for alcoholic and non-alcoholic chronic pancreatitis. Gut 2018; 67:1855-1863. [PMID: 28754779 PMCID: PMC6145291 DOI: 10.1136/gutjnl-2017-314454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2017] [Revised: 06/16/2017] [Accepted: 06/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Alcohol-related pancreatitis is associated with a disproportionately large number of hospitalisations among GI disorders. Despite its clinical importance, genetic susceptibility to alcoholic chronic pancreatitis (CP) is poorly characterised. To identify risk genes for alcoholic CP and to evaluate their relevance in non-alcoholic CP, we performed a genome-wide association study and functional characterisation of a new pancreatitis locus. DESIGN 1959 European alcoholic CP patients and population-based controls from the KORA, LIFE and INCIPE studies (n=4708) as well as chronic alcoholics from the GESGA consortium (n=1332) were screened with Illumina technology. For replication, three European cohorts comprising 1650 patients with non-alcoholic CP and 6695 controls originating from the same countries were used. RESULTS We replicated previously reported risk loci CLDN2-MORC4, CTRC, PRSS1-PRSS2 and SPINK1 in alcoholic CP patients. We identified CTRB1-CTRB2 (chymotrypsin B1 and B2) as a new risk locus with lead single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) rs8055167 (OR 1.35, 95% CI 1.23 to 1.6). We found that a 16.6 kb inversion in the CTRB1-CTRB2 locus was in linkage disequilibrium with the CP-associated SNPs and was best tagged by rs8048956. The association was replicated in three independent European non-alcoholic CP cohorts of 1650 patients and 6695 controls (OR 1.62, 95% CI 1.42 to 1.86). The inversion changes the expression ratio of the CTRB1 and CTRB2 isoforms and thereby affects protective trypsinogen degradation and ultimately pancreatitis risk. CONCLUSION An inversion in the CTRB1-CTRB2 locus modifies risk for alcoholic and non-alcoholic CP indicating that common pathomechanisms are involved in these inflammatory disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonas Rosendahl
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Martin Luther University, Halle, Germany
- Department of Internal Medicine, Neurology and Dermatology, Division of Gastroenterology, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Holger Kirsten
- Institute for Medical Informatics, Statistics and Epidemiology, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
- LIFE- Leipzig Research Center for Civilization Diseases, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
- Department of Cell Therapy, Fraunhofer Institute for Cell Therapy and Immunology (IZI), Leipzig, Germany
| | - Eszter Hegyi
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, Center for Exocrine Disorders, Boston University Henry M. Goldman School of Dental Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Peter Kovacs
- Leipzig University Medical Center, IFB Adiposity Diseases, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Frank Ulrich Weiss
- Department of Internal Medicine A, Ernst-Moritz-Arndt University, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Helmut Laumen
- Else Kröner-Fresenius-Zentrum für Ernährungsmedizin (EKFZ), Paediatric Nutritional Medicine, Technische Universität München (TUM), Freising, Germany
| | - Peter Lichtner
- Institute of Human Genetics, Helmholtz Centre Munich, German Research Centre for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Claudia Ruffert
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Martin Luther University, Halle, Germany
| | - Jian-Min Chen
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U1078; Etablissement Français du Sang (EFS) – Bretagne; Faculté de Médecine et des Sciences de la Santé, Université de Bretagne Occidentale; Laboratoire de Génétique Moléculaire et d’Histocompatibilité, Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire (CHRU) Brest, Hôpital Morvan, Brest, France
| | - Emmanuelle Masson
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U1078; Etablissement Français du Sang (EFS) – Bretagne; Faculté de Médecine et des Sciences de la Santé, Université de Bretagne Occidentale; Laboratoire de Génétique Moléculaire et d’Histocompatibilité, Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire (CHRU) Brest, Hôpital Morvan, Brest, France
| | - Sebastian Beer
- Department of Internal Medicine, Neurology and Dermatology, Division of Gastroenterology, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Constantin Zimmer
- Department of Internal Medicine, Neurology and Dermatology, Division of Gastroenterology, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Katharina Seltsam
- Department of Internal Medicine, Neurology and Dermatology, Division of Gastroenterology, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Hana Algül
- Department of Gastroenterology, Technische Universität München (TUM), Munich, Germany
| | - Florence Bühler
- Else Kröner-Fresenius-Zentrum für Ernährungsmedizin (EKFZ), Paediatric Nutritional Medicine, Technische Universität München (TUM), Freising, Germany
| | - Marco J Bruno
- Department of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Erasmus Medical Centre, University Medical Centre Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Peter Bugert
- Institute of Transfusion Medicine and Immunology, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, German Red Cross Blood Service of Baden-Württemberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Ralph Burkhardt
- LIFE- Leipzig Research Center for Civilization Diseases, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
- Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Clinical Chemistry and Molecular Diagnostics, University Hospital Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Giulia Martina Cavestro
- Division of Gastroenterology and Gastrointestinal Endoscopy, Vita Salute San Raffaele University - San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Halina Cichoz-Lach
- Department of Gastroenterology, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland
| | - Antoni Farré
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Josef Frank
- Department of Genetic Epidemiology in Psychiatry, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim/Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Giovanni Gambaro
- Division of Nephrology and Dialysis, Institute of Internal Medicine, Renal Program, Columbus-Gemelli University Hospital, Catholic University, Rome, Italy
| | - Sebastian Gimpfl
- Else Kröner-Fresenius-Zentrum für Ernährungsmedizin (EKFZ), Paediatric Nutritional Medicine, Technische Universität München (TUM), Freising, Germany
| | - Harald Grallert
- Research Unit of Molecular Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München - German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute of Epidemiology II, Helmholtz Zentrum München - German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD e.V.), Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Heidi Griesmann
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Martin Luther University, Halle, Germany
| | - Robert Grützmann
- Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Chirurgische Klinik, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Claus Hellerbrand
- Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Péter Hegyi
- Institute for Translational Medicine and First Department of Internal Medicine, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
- HAS-SZTE, Momentum Gastroenterology Multidisciplinary Research Group, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Marcus Hollenbach
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Martin Luther University, Halle, Germany
| | - Sevastitia Iordache
- Department of Internal Medicine and Gastroenterology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Craiova, Romania
| | - Grazyna Jurkowska
- Department of Gastroenterology and Internal Medicine, Medical University Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland
| | - Volker Keim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Neurology and Dermatology, Division of Gastroenterology, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Falk Kiefer
- Department of Addictive Behavior and Addiction Medicine, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim/Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Sebastian Krug
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Martin Luther University, Halle, Germany
| | | | - Milena Di Leo
- Division of Gastroenterology and Gastrointestinal Endoscopy, Vita Salute San Raffaele University - San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Markus M Lerch
- Department of Internal Medicine A, Ernst-Moritz-Arndt University, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Philippe Lévy
- Pôle des Maladies de l’Appareil Digestif, Service de Gastroentérologie-Pancréatologie, Hôpital Beaujon, AP-HP, Clichy, France
| | - Markus Löffler
- Institute for Medical Informatics, Statistics and Epidemiology, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
- LIFE- Leipzig Research Center for Civilization Diseases, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Matthias Löhr
- Gastrocentrum, Karolinska Institutet CLINTEC, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Maren Ludwig
- Else Kröner-Fresenius-Zentrum für Ernährungsmedizin (EKFZ), Paediatric Nutritional Medicine, Technische Universität München (TUM), Freising, Germany
| | - Milan Macek
- Department of Biology and Medical Genetics, University Hospital Motol and 2nd Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Nuria Malats
- Grupo de Epidemiología Genética y Molecular Programa de Genética del Cáncer Humano Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Oncológicas (CNIO), Madrid, Spain
- CIBERONC, Spain
| | - Ewa Malecka-Panas
- Department of Digestive Tract Diseases, Medical University of Łódź, Łódź, Poland
| | - Giovanni Malerba
- Biology and Genetics, Department of Life and Reproduction Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Karl Mann
- Department of Addictive Behavior and Addiction Medicine, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim/Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Julia Mayerle
- Department of Medicine II, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Sonja Mohr
- Else Kröner-Fresenius-Zentrum für Ernährungsmedizin (EKFZ), Paediatric Nutritional Medicine, Technische Universität München (TUM), Freising, Germany
| | - Rene H M te Morsche
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Radboud umc, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Marie Motyka
- Else Kröner-Fresenius-Zentrum für Ernährungsmedizin (EKFZ), Paediatric Nutritional Medicine, Technische Universität München (TUM), Freising, Germany
| | - Sebastian Mueller
- Department of Internal Medicine, Salem Medical Centre and Centre for Alcohol Research, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Thomas Müller
- Department of Pediatrics I, Medical University, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Markus M Nöthen
- Department of Genomics, Life & Brain Center, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Sergio Pedrazzoli
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, IV Surgical Clinic, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Stephen P Pereira
- Division of Medicine, UCL Institute for Liver and Digestive Health, University College London, London, UK
| | - Annette Peters
- Institute of Epidemiology II, Helmholtz Zentrum München - German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD e.V.), Neuherberg, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
| | - Roland Pfützer
- Clinic for Internal Medicine, Hospital Döbeln, Döbeln, Germany
| | - Francisco X Real
- CIBERONC, Spain
- Epithelial Carcinogenesis Group, Molecular Pathology Programme, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Oncológicas, Madrid, Spain
- Departament de Ciències Experimentals i de la Salut, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Vinciane Rebours
- Pôle des Maladies de l’Appareil Digestif, Service de Gastroentérologie-Pancréatologie, Hôpital Beaujon, AP-HP, Clichy, France
| | - Monika Ridinger
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Marcella Rietschel
- Department of Genetic Epidemiology in Psychiatry, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim/Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Eva Rösmann
- Else Kröner-Fresenius-Zentrum für Ernährungsmedizin (EKFZ), Paediatric Nutritional Medicine, Technische Universität München (TUM), Freising, Germany
| | - Adrian Saftoiu
- Department of Internal Medicine and Gastroenterology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Craiova, Romania
| | - Alexander Schneider
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Infectious Diseases, Medical Faculty of Mannheim University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Hans-Ulrich Schulz
- Department of Surgery, Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Nicole Soranzo
- The Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, UK
- Department of Haematology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Michael Soyka
- Psychiatric Hospital, University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Peter Simon
- Department of Internal Medicine A, Ernst-Moritz-Arndt University, Greifswald, Germany
| | - James Skipworth
- Department of Surgery and Interventional Science, University College London, London, UK
| | - Felix Stickel
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospital of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Konstantin Strauch
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München – German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute of Medical Informatics, Biometry and Epidemiology, Chair of Genetic Epidemiology, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany
| | - Michael Stumvoll
- Leipzig University Medical Center, IFB Adiposity Diseases, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
- Department of Internal Medicine, Neurology and Dermatology, Division of Endocrinology, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Pier Alberto Testoni
- Division of Gastroenterology and Gastrointestinal Endoscopy, Vita Salute San Raffaele University - San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Anke Tönjes
- Department of Internal Medicine, Neurology and Dermatology, Division of Endocrinology, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Lena Werner
- Else Kröner-Fresenius-Zentrum für Ernährungsmedizin (EKFZ), Paediatric Nutritional Medicine, Technische Universität München (TUM), Freising, Germany
| | - Jens Werner
- Department of General, Visceral, and Transplant Surgery, Ludwig Maximilian University, Munich, Germany
| | - Norbert Wodarz
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Martin Ziegler
- Else Kröner-Fresenius-Zentrum für Ernährungsmedizin (EKFZ), Paediatric Nutritional Medicine, Technische Universität München (TUM), Freising, Germany
| | - Atsushi Masamune
- Division of Gastroenterology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, SendaiMiyagi, Japan
| | - Joachim Mössner
- Department of Internal Medicine, Neurology and Dermatology, Division of Gastroenterology, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Claude Férec
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U1078; Etablissement Français du Sang (EFS) – Bretagne; Faculté de Médecine et des Sciences de la Santé, Université de Bretagne Occidentale; Laboratoire de Génétique Moléculaire et d’Histocompatibilité, Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire (CHRU) Brest, Hôpital Morvan, Brest, France
| | - Patrick Michl
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Martin Luther University, Halle, Germany
| | - Joost P H Drenth
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Radboud umc, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Heiko Witt
- Else Kröner-Fresenius-Zentrum für Ernährungsmedizin (EKFZ), Paediatric Nutritional Medicine, Technische Universität München (TUM), Freising, Germany
| | - Markus Scholz
- Institute for Medical Informatics, Statistics and Epidemiology, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
- LIFE- Leipzig Research Center for Civilization Diseases, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Miklós Sahin-Tóth
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, Center for Exocrine Disorders, Boston University Henry M. Goldman School of Dental Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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Buchner UG, Koytek A, Wodarz N, Wolstein J. Is an e-mental health programme a viable way to reach affected others of disordered gamblers? A feasibility study focusing on access and retention. International Gambling Studies 2018. [DOI: 10.1080/14459795.2018.1515974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ursula Gisela Buchner
- Department of Health, German University of Health & Sport, Ismaning, Germany
- Department of Psychology, Otto-Friedrich-University, Bamberg, Germany
- Bavarian Academy for Addiction and Health Issues (BAS), Munich, Germany
| | - Annalena Koytek
- Bavarian Academy for Addiction and Health Issues (BAS), Munich, Germany
| | - Norbert Wodarz
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Jörg Wolstein
- Department of Psychology, Otto-Friedrich-University, Bamberg, Germany
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17
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Buchner U, Koytek A, Wodarz N, Wolstein J. Hilfe aus dem Netz für Angehörige von Menschen mit gestörtem Glücksspielverhalten – Nutzung und Ergebnisse des E-Mental-Health-Programms EfA. Suchttherapie 2017. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0043-119332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Zusammenfassung
Ziel Angehörige von Personen mit einer Störung durch Glücksspielen sind häufig durch Stress belastet; viele benötigen Unterstützung. Daher wurde mit „Verspiel nicht mein Leben“ – Entlastung für Angehörige (EfA) ein webbasiertes Angebot entwickelt. Berichtet werden Teilnehmenden-Charakteristika, ihre Lebenssituation, belastende Themen, Hilfesuchverhalten, Selbstwirksamkeitserwartung und Beanspruchung.
Methodik Onlinegestützte Befragung der Teilnehmenden von Juni 2013 bis Juni 2016, u. a. KPD-38 und SQFM-AA.
Ergebnisse Primär nahmen Frauen teil (89,1%). Die meisten Teilnehmenden waren Partner/innen (68,2%). Das Belastungserleben war erhöht, dennoch hatten 2 Drittel bislang keine Hilfen genutzt. Durch die Teilnahme an EfA konnte das Selbstwirksamkeitserleben verbessert und die allgemeine Lebenszufriedenheit gesteigert werden.
Schlussfolgerungen EfA ist ein niedrigschwelliges Angebot, dass Angehörigen den Einstieg in professionelle Hilfen ermöglicht und ihnen erste Hilfen gibt.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ursula Buchner
- H:G Hochschule für Gesundheit & Sport, Technik & Kunst
- Bayerische Akademie für Sucht- und Gesundheitsfragen BAS, München
- Institut für Psychologie, Otto-Friedrich-Universität Bamberg
| | - Annalena Koytek
- Bayerische Akademie für Sucht- und Gesundheitsfragen BAS, München
| | - Norbert Wodarz
- Zentrum für Klinische Suchtmedizin, Klinik und Poliklinik für Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie der Universität am Bezirksklinikum Regensburg
| | - Jörg Wolstein
- Institut für Psychologie, Otto-Friedrich-Universität Bamberg
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18
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Hufnagel A, Frick U, Ridinger M, Wodarz N. Recovery from alcohol dependence: Do smoking indicators predict abstinence? Am J Addict 2017; 26:366-373. [PMID: 28376287 DOI: 10.1111/ajad.12535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2016] [Revised: 02/01/2017] [Accepted: 03/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES There is inconsistent evidence about the potential influence of smoking on recovery from alcohol dependence. Our study aimed at assessing the impact of smoking-behavior on relapse during a 12 months follow-up period following a detoxification in patients with Alcohol Use Disorder (AUD). METHODS Three hundred Patients with AUD (74.9% smoking) were recruited from two inpatient detoxification units in psychiatric hospitals in Germany and their alcohol consumption was prospectively followed for 1 year. Data on different indicators of smoking behavior was gathered. Cox regression model was used to evaluate potential risk factors on time to relapse of alcohol consumption. Two hundred seventy-nine participants (n = 279) were included in the final analysis. RESULTS Smoking increased the risk for alcohol relapse (hazard ratio = 3.962, 95% CI 1.582-9.921). However, this increased risk is slightly reduced with higher numbers of daily consumed cigarettes (hazard ratio per cigarette = .986, 95% CI .976-.995). CONCLUSION Smoking reduced the probability of maintaining alcohol abstinence significantly, whereas higher number of cigarettes smoked daily diminished the increased risk of alcohol relapse in alcohol-dependent patients. SCIENTIFIC SIGNIFICANCE Coordinated psychiatric and substance abuse interventions for different subgroups of patients with AUD in the post-acute treatment phase are necessary. Individualized treatment planning is especially important in smoking patients with AUD who are vulnerable for a relapse to alcohol drinking and for somatic complications. Our findings might support individualized treatment plans. (Am J Addict 2017;26:366-373).
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Hufnagel
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Ulrich Frick
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany.,Swiss Research Institute on Public Health and Addiction, University of Zurich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Monika Ridinger
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Norbert Wodarz
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
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19
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Adkins AE, Hack LM, Bigdeli TB, Williamson VS, McMichael GO, Mamdani M, Edwards AC, Aliev F, Chan RF, Bhandari P, Raabe RC, Alaimo JT, Blackwell GG, Moscati A, Poland RS, Rood B, Patterson DG, Walsh D, Whitfield JB, Zhu G, Montgomery GW, Henders AK, Martin NG, Heath AC, Madden PAF, Frank J, Ridinger M, Wodarz N, Soyka M, Zill P, Ising M, Nöthen MM, Kiefer F, Rietschel M, Gelernter J, Sherva R, Koesterer R, Almasy L, Zhao H, Kranzler HR, Farrer LA, Maher BS, Prescott CA, Dick DM, Bacanu SA, Mathies LD, Davies AG, Vladimirov VI, Grotewiel M, Bowers MS, Bettinger JC, Webb BT, Miles MF, Kendler KS, Riley BP. Genomewide Association Study of Alcohol Dependence Identifies Risk Loci Altering Ethanol-Response Behaviors in Model Organisms. Alcohol Clin Exp Res 2017; 41:911-928. [PMID: 28226201 DOI: 10.1111/acer.13362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2016] [Accepted: 02/16/2017] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alcohol dependence (AD) shows evidence for genetic liability, but genes influencing risk remain largely unidentified. METHODS We conducted a genomewide association study in 706 related AD cases and 1,748 unscreened population controls from Ireland. We sought replication in 15,496 samples of European descent. We used model organisms (MOs) to assess the role of orthologous genes in ethanol (EtOH)-response behaviors. We tested 1 primate-specific gene for expression differences in case/control postmortem brain tissue. RESULTS We detected significant association in COL6A3 and suggestive association in 2 previously implicated loci, KLF12 and RYR3. None of these signals are significant in replication. A suggestive signal in the long noncoding RNA LOC339975 is significant in case:control meta-analysis, but not in a population sample. Knockdown of a COL6A3 ortholog in Caenorhabditis elegans reduced EtOH sensitivity. Col6a3 expression correlated with handling-induced convulsions in mice. Loss of function of the KLF12 ortholog in C. elegans impaired development of acute functional tolerance (AFT). Klf12 expression correlated with locomotor activation following EtOH injection in mice. Loss of function of the RYR3 ortholog reduced EtOH sensitivity in C. elegans and rapid tolerance in Drosophila. The ryanodine receptor antagonist dantrolene reduced motivation to self-administer EtOH in rats. Expression of LOC339975 does not differ between cases and controls but is reduced in carriers of the associated rs11726136 allele in nucleus accumbens (NAc). CONCLUSIONS We detect association between AD and COL6A3, KLF12, RYR3, and LOC339975. Despite nonreplication of COL6A3, KLF12, and RYR3 signals, orthologs of these genes influence behavioral response to EtOH in MOs, suggesting potential involvement in human EtOH response and AD liability. The associated LOC339975 allele may influence gene expression in human NAc. Although the functions of long noncoding RNAs are poorly understood, there is mounting evidence implicating these genes in multiple brain functions and disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy E Adkins
- Virginia Commonwealth University Alcohol Research Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia.,Department of Psychiatry, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia
| | - Laura M Hack
- Virginia Commonwealth University Alcohol Research Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia.,Department of Psychiatry, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia
| | - Tim B Bigdeli
- Department of Psychiatry, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia
| | - Vernell S Williamson
- Virginia Commonwealth University Alcohol Research Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia.,Department of Psychiatry, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia
| | - G Omari McMichael
- Virginia Commonwealth University Alcohol Research Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia.,Department of Psychiatry, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia
| | - Mohammed Mamdani
- Virginia Commonwealth University Alcohol Research Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia.,Department of Psychiatry, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia
| | - Alexis C Edwards
- Virginia Commonwealth University Alcohol Research Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia.,Department of Psychiatry, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia
| | - Fazil Aliev
- Virginia Commonwealth University Alcohol Research Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia.,Department of Psychiatry, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia
| | - Robin F Chan
- Virginia Commonwealth University Alcohol Research Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia.,Department of Human & Molecular Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia
| | - Poonam Bhandari
- Department of Human & Molecular Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia
| | - Richard C Raabe
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia
| | - Joseph T Alaimo
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia
| | - GinaMari G Blackwell
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia
| | - Arden Moscati
- Virginia Commonwealth University Alcohol Research Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia.,Department of Psychiatry, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia
| | - Ryan S Poland
- Department of Psychiatry, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia
| | - Benjamin Rood
- Department of Psychiatry, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia
| | | | | | | | - John B Whitfield
- Genetic Epidemiology, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Brisbane, Qld, Australia
| | - Gu Zhu
- Genetic Epidemiology, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Brisbane, Qld, Australia
| | - Grant W Montgomery
- Genetic Epidemiology, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Brisbane, Qld, Australia
| | - Anjali K Henders
- Genetic Epidemiology, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Brisbane, Qld, Australia
| | - Nicholas G Martin
- Genetic Epidemiology, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Brisbane, Qld, Australia
| | - Andrew C Heath
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Pamela A F Madden
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Josef Frank
- Department of Genetic Epidemiology in Psychiatry, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim/Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Monika Ridinger
- Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital Regensburg, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Norbert Wodarz
- Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital Regensburg, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Michael Soyka
- Privatklinik Meiringen, Meiringen, Switzerland.,Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Peter Zill
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Marcus Ising
- Department of Molecular Psychology, Max-Planck-Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany
| | - Markus M Nöthen
- Department of Genomics, Life & Brain Center, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany.,Institute of Human Genetics, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany.,German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Falk Kiefer
- Department of Addictive Behavior and Addiction Medicine, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim/Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Marcella Rietschel
- Department of Genetic Epidemiology in Psychiatry, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim/Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | | | - Joel Gelernter
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut.,Department of Neurobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut.,Department of Genetics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut.,Department of Psychiatry, VA CT Healthcare Center, West Haven, Connecticut
| | - Richard Sherva
- Department of Medicine (Biomedical Genetics), Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Ryan Koesterer
- Department of Medicine (Biomedical Genetics), Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Laura Almasy
- Department of Genetics, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, Texas
| | - Hongyu Zhao
- Department of Genetics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut.,Department of Biostatistics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Henry R Kranzler
- Department of Psychiatry, Treatment Research Center, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.,Philadelphia VA Medical Center, VISN 4 MIRECC, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Lindsay A Farrer
- Department of Psychiatry, VA CT Healthcare Center, West Haven, Connecticut.,Department of Medicine (Biomedical Genetics), Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts.,Department of Neurology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts.,Department of Ophthalmology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts.,Department of Epidemiology, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts.,Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Brion S Maher
- Department of Mental Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Carol A Prescott
- Department of Psychology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California
| | - Danielle M Dick
- Virginia Commonwealth University Alcohol Research Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia.,Department of Psychiatry, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia.,Department of Human & Molecular Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia
| | - Silviu A Bacanu
- Virginia Commonwealth University Alcohol Research Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia.,Department of Psychiatry, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia
| | - Laura D Mathies
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia
| | - Andrew G Davies
- Virginia Commonwealth University Alcohol Research Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia.,Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia
| | - Vladimir I Vladimirov
- Virginia Commonwealth University Alcohol Research Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia.,Department of Psychiatry, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia.,Lieber Institute for Brain Development, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland.,Center for Biomarker Research and Personalized Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia
| | - Mike Grotewiel
- Virginia Commonwealth University Alcohol Research Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia.,Department of Human & Molecular Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia
| | - M Scott Bowers
- Virginia Commonwealth University Alcohol Research Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia.,Department of Psychiatry, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia.,Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia
| | - Jill C Bettinger
- Virginia Commonwealth University Alcohol Research Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia.,Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia
| | - Bradley T Webb
- Virginia Commonwealth University Alcohol Research Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia.,Department of Psychiatry, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia
| | - Michael F Miles
- Virginia Commonwealth University Alcohol Research Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia.,Department of Human & Molecular Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia.,Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia
| | - Kenneth S Kendler
- Virginia Commonwealth University Alcohol Research Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia.,Department of Psychiatry, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia.,Department of Human & Molecular Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia
| | - Brien P Riley
- Virginia Commonwealth University Alcohol Research Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia.,Department of Psychiatry, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia.,Department of Human & Molecular Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia
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20
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Wodarz N, Krampe-Scheidler A, Christ M, Fleischmann H, Looser W, Schoett K, Vilsmeier F, Bothe L, Schaefer C, Gouzoulis-Mayfrank E. Evidence-Based Guidelines for the Pharmacological Management of Acute Methamphetamine-Related Disorders and Toxicity. Pharmacopsychiatry 2017; 50:87-95. [PMID: 28297728 DOI: 10.1055/s-0042-123752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
AbstractConsumption of methamphetamine (“crystal”) has spread dramatically over several European countries. The management of methamphetamine-induced acute disorders has become a growing challenge to the health system. Pharmacological treatment strategies for methamphetamine-induced intoxication syndromes, acute withdrawal symptoms, and methamphetamine-induced psychosis are particularly important.The development of interdisciplinary and evidence- and consensus-based (S3) German Guidelines was based on a systematic literature and guideline search on therapeutic interventions in methamphetamine-related disorders (April, June 2015). Consideration was given to 9 guidelines and 103 publications. Recommendations on pharmacological treatment strategies were drawn up using the nominal group technique.Overall, only limited evidence is available. Benzodiazepines are first-line medication for methamphetamine-induced intoxication syndromes, particularly when they present with acute agitation and aggressive behavior. There is no evidence-based medication for the treatment of methamphetamine-related withdrawal symptoms and cravings. When treating methamphetamine-induced psychosis, second-generation antipsychotics should be favored, given their more favorable side-effect profile. The indication for continuation of antipsychotic medication must be reviewed regularly. In most cases, the antipsychotic should be tapered off within 6 months.
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Affiliation(s)
- Norbert Wodarz
- Center of Addiction Medicine, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy at the Bezirksklinikum, University of Regensburg, Regensburg
| | | | - Michael Christ
- Department of Emergency Medicine and Internal Intensive Care, Klinikum Nürnberg Nord, Nürnberg
| | | | | | - Katharina Schoett
- Deptartment of Addiction Medicine, Ökumen. Heinrichklinikum, Mühlhausen
| | | | - Lydia Bothe
- German Agency for Quality in Medicine (ÄZQ), Berlin
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21
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Buchner UG, Koytek A, Fischer UC, Wodarz N, Wolstein J. [Psychometric Evaluation of the German Version of the Short Questionnaire for Family Members-Affected by Addiction SQFM-AA (Gambling)]. Psychother Psychosom Med Psychol 2016; 66:155-62. [PMID: 27035445 DOI: 10.1055/s-0042-100812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Affected others of disordered gamblers are often heavily impacted because of the illness. Up till now, there is no standardized German instrument to assess this impact. Internationally, the Short Questionnaire for Family Members-affected by addiction (SQFM-AA) is often used which is based on the Stress-Strain-Coping-Support-Modell. That is why we translated this questionnaire into the German Kurzfragebogen für suchtbelastete Familienmitglieder SQFM-AA (Version Glücksspiel) to be able to assess the impact on affected others and to compare our results internationally. METHODS The SQFM-AA was translated and retranslated and tested in an online convenience sample of affected others. Essential psychometric properties, discriminatory power, and internal consistency were calculated. Factor structure was analysed using an exploratory factor analysis (principal axis analysis, varimax rotation). RESULTS Data collected from 122 affected others (87% female; 67% partners; 61% joint household) were analysed. Discriminatory power ranges between 0.30-0.94, Cronbach's alpha between 0.61-0.95. Factor analysis shows that 69% of variance can be explained in a solution with 9 factors. DISCUSSION Due to the methods used when translating and back-translating the SQFM-AA, it can be assumed that both versions are comparable. Internal consistency of all scales is in an acceptable to good range. In our sample, the postulated 11 sub-scales cannot be reproduced. The 9 factors found here can be derived based on theoretical preliminary considerations. 4 of the scales are reflected well in the analysis, 3 more factors show a relevant load on other scales. Furthermore, one item each does not load on the proposed factor for the 2 remaining scales. All in all, the factors can be interpreted well regarding their content. A modification of the questionnaire would improve some of the statistical values, but the international comparability would no longer be possible. CONCLUSION With the adaptation presented here, impact on affected others of disordered gamblers can be assessed and relevant areas for therapy and counselling can be identified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ursula Gisela Buchner
- Bayerische Akademie für Sucht- und Gesundheitsfragen BAS Unternehmergesellschaft, Landesstelle Glücksspielsucht in Bayern, München
| | - Annalena Koytek
- Bayerische Akademie für Sucht- und Gesundheitsfragen BAS Unternehmergesellschaft, Landesstelle Glücksspielsucht in Bayern, München
| | - Uwe C Fischer
- Otto-Friedrich-Universität Bamberg, Institut für Psychologie, Bamberg
| | - Norbert Wodarz
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie der Universität am Bezirksklinikum, Zentrum für Klinische Suchtmedizin, Regensburg
| | - Jörg Wolstein
- Otto-Friedrich-Universität Bamberg, Institut für Psychologie, Bamberg
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22
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Juraeva D, Treutlein J, Scholz H, Frank J, Degenhardt F, Cichon S, Ridinger M, Mattheisen M, Witt SH, Lang M, Sommer WH, Hoffmann P, Herms S, Wodarz N, Soyka M, Zill P, Maier W, Jünger E, Gaebel W, Dahmen N, Scherbaum N, Schmäl C, Steffens M, Lucae S, Ising M, Smolka MN, Zimmermann US, Müller-Myhsok B, Nöthen MM, Mann K, Kiefer F, Spanagel R, Brors B, Rietschel M. XRCC5 as a risk gene for alcohol dependence: evidence from a genome-wide gene-set-based analysis and follow-up studies in Drosophila and humans. Neuropsychopharmacology 2015; 40:361-71. [PMID: 25035082 PMCID: PMC4443948 DOI: 10.1038/npp.2014.178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2014] [Revised: 06/06/2014] [Accepted: 06/08/2014] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Genetic factors have as large role as environmental factors in the etiology of alcohol dependence (AD). Although genome-wide association studies (GWAS) enable systematic searches for loci not hitherto implicated in the etiology of AD, many true findings may be missed owing to correction for multiple testing. The aim of the present study was to circumvent this limitation by searching for biological system-level differences, and then following up these findings in humans and animals. Gene-set-based analysis of GWAS data from 1333 cases and 2168 controls identified 19 significantly associated gene-sets, of which 5 could be replicated in an independent sample. Clustered in these gene-sets were novel and previously identified susceptibility genes. The most frequently present gene, ie in 6 out of 19 gene-sets, was X-ray repair complementing defective repair in Chinese hamster cells 5 (XRCC5). Previous human and animal studies have implicated XRCC5 in alcohol sensitivity. This phenotype is inversely correlated with the development of AD, presumably as more alcohol is required to achieve the desired effects. In the present study, the functional role of XRCC5 in AD was further validated in animals and humans. Drosophila mutants with reduced function of Ku80-the homolog of mammalian XRCC5-due to RNAi silencing showed reduced sensitivity to ethanol. In humans with free access to intravenous ethanol self-administration in the laboratory, the maximum achieved blood alcohol concentration was influenced in an allele-dose-dependent manner by genetic variation in XRCC5. In conclusion, our convergent approach identified new candidates and generated independent evidence for the involvement of XRCC5 in alcohol dependence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dilafruz Juraeva
- Division of Theoretical Bioinformatics, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Jens Treutlein
- Department of Genetic Epidemiology in Psychiatry, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Henrike Scholz
- Department of Animal Physiology, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Josef Frank
- Department of Genetic Epidemiology in Psychiatry, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Franziska Degenhardt
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany,Department of Genomics, Life & Brain Center, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Sven Cichon
- Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Monika Ridinger
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | | | - Stephanie H Witt
- Department of Genetic Epidemiology in Psychiatry, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Maren Lang
- Department of Genetic Epidemiology in Psychiatry, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Wolfgang H Sommer
- Institute of Psychopharmacology, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Per Hoffmann
- Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Stefan Herms
- Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Norbert Wodarz
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Michael Soyka
- Private Hospital Meiringen, Meiringen, Switzerland,Department of Psychiatry, University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Peter Zill
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Maier
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Elisabeth Jünger
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden
| | - Wolfgang Gaebel
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Norbert Dahmen
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Norbert Scherbaum
- Addiction Research Group at the Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Christine Schmäl
- Department of Genetic Epidemiology in Psychiatry, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Michael Steffens
- Division of Research, Federal Institute for Drugs and Medical Devices, Bonn, Germany
| | - Susanne Lucae
- Department of Psychiatric Pharmacogenetics, Max-Planck-Institute of Psychiatry, München, Germany
| | - Marcus Ising
- Department of Molecular Psychology, Max-Planck-Institute of Psychiatry, München, Germany
| | - Michael N Smolka
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden
| | - Ulrich S Zimmermann
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden
| | - Bertram Müller-Myhsok
- Department of Statistical Genetics, Max-Planck-Institute of Psychiatry, München, Germany,Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Munich, Germany,Institute of Translational Medicine Liverpool, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Markus M Nöthen
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany,Department of Genomics, Life & Brain Center, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Karl Mann
- Department of Addictive Behavior and Addiction Medicine, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Falk Kiefer
- Department of Addictive Behavior and Addiction Medicine, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Rainer Spanagel
- Institute of Psychopharmacology, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Benedikt Brors
- Division of Theoretical Bioinformatics, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Marcella Rietschel
- Department of Genetic Epidemiology in Psychiatry, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany,Department of Genetic Epidemiology in Psychiatry, Central Institute of Mental Health, University Medical Center Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, J5, Mannheim 68159, Germany, Tel: +49 621 1703 6051, Fax: +49 621 1703 6055, E-mail:
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Preuss UW, Wurst FM, Ridinger M, Rujescu D, Fehr C, Koller G, Bondy B, Wodarz N, Soyka M, Zill P. Association of functional DBH genetic variants with alcohol dependence risk and related depression and suicide attempt phenotypes: results from a large multicenter association study. Drug Alcohol Depend 2013; 133:459-67. [PMID: 23906995 DOI: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2013.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2012] [Revised: 07/02/2013] [Accepted: 07/02/2013] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Dopamine-beta-hydroxylase (DBH) metabolizes the conversion of dopamine to noradrenaline. DBH, located on chromosome 9q34.2 has variants with potential functional consequences which may be related to alterations of neurotransmitter function and several psychiatric phenotypes, including alcohol dependence (AD), depression (MD) and suicidal behavior (SA). The aim of this association study in a large multicenter sample of alcohol-dependent individuals and controls is to investigate the role of DBH SNPs and haplotypes in AD risk and associated phenotypes (AD with MD or SA). METHOD 1606 inpatient subjects with DSM-IV AD from four addiction treatment centers and 1866 control subjects were included. Characteristics of AD, MD and SA were obtained using standardized structured interviews. After subjects were genotyped for 4 DBH polymorphisms, single SNP case-control and haplotype analyses were conducted. RESULTS rs1611115 (near 5') C-allele and related haplotypes were significantly associated with alcohol dependence in females. This association with female alcohol dependence also accounts for the significant relationship between this variant and comorbid conditions and traits. CONCLUSIONS This study presents evidence for a potentially functional DBH variant influencing the risk for alcohol dependence while other comorbid conditions are not independently influenced by this SNP. However, the study also supports the possible role of the dopamine system in the etiology of female alcohol dependence.
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Affiliation(s)
- U W Preuss
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy, Psychosomatics, Martin-Luther-University, Halle-Wittenberg, Germany.
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Mann K, Lemenager T, Hoffmann S, Reinhard I, Hermann D, Batra A, Berner M, Wodarz N, Heinz A, Smolka MN, Zimmermann US, Wellek S, Kiefer F, Anton RF. Results of a double-blind, placebo-controlled pharmacotherapy trial in alcoholism conducted in Germany and comparison with the US COMBINE study. Addict Biol 2013; 18:937-46. [PMID: 23231446 DOI: 10.1111/adb.12012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
The results of placebo-controlled trials (RCTs) with acamprosate or naltrexone vary substantially. Those differences have been attributed to differing patient characteristics, recruitment strategies, treatment settings and remuneration systems. We tested these assumptions by comparing a new double-blind, placebo-controlled randomized trial conducted in Germany (called PREDICT Study) with data from the US COMBINE Study. PREDICT was designed according to the protocol of the COMBINE Study. A total of 426 alcohol-dependent patients were compared to 459 COMBINE Study patients corresponding to the treatment cells in PREDICT. All patients received acamprosate, naltrexone or placebo for 3 months (PREDICT) or 4 months (COMBINE). Biweekly manualized 'medical management' to enhance compliance was delivered in both studies. Time until the first occurrence of heavy drinking was the main outcome measure. PREDICT found neither acamprosate nor naltrexone to supply any additional benefit compared with placebo, which is at variance with a positive naltrexone effect being reported in the COMBINE Study. A secondary comparison between both studies showed better overall treatment outcomes in PREDICT, although these patients had been more severely affected than their COMBINE counterparts. The divergence in results may be attributable to basic differences in the treatment environments (such as in-patient pre-treatment versus primary outpatient care). We suggest that identically designed RCTs conducted in different parts of the world may help improve the external validity of RCTs. This approach could be called 'comparative efficacy research'.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karl Mann
- Central Institute of Mental Health; Medical Faculty Mannheim; University of Heidelberg; Germany
| | - Tagrid Lemenager
- Central Institute of Mental Health; Medical Faculty Mannheim; University of Heidelberg; Germany
| | - Sabine Hoffmann
- Central Institute of Mental Health; Medical Faculty Mannheim; University of Heidelberg; Germany
| | - Iris Reinhard
- Central Institute of Mental Health; Medical Faculty Mannheim; University of Heidelberg; Germany
| | - Derik Hermann
- Central Institute of Mental Health; Medical Faculty Mannheim; University of Heidelberg; Germany
| | - Anil Batra
- University Hospital for Psychiatry & Psychotherapy; University of Tuebingen; Germany
| | - Michael Berner
- Department of Psychiatry & Psychotherapy; University of Fribourg; Germany
| | - Norbert Wodarz
- Department of Psychiatry & Psychotherapy; University of Regensburg; Germany
| | - Andreas Heinz
- Department of Psychiatry & Psychotherapy; University of Berlin, Charité; Germany
| | - Michael N. Smolka
- Department of Psychiatry & Psychotherapy; Technische Universität Dresden; Germany
| | - Ulrich S. Zimmermann
- Department of Psychiatry & Psychotherapy; Technische Universität Dresden; Germany
| | - Stefan Wellek
- Central Institute of Mental Health; Medical Faculty Mannheim; University of Heidelberg; Germany
| | - Falk Kiefer
- Central Institute of Mental Health; Medical Faculty Mannheim; University of Heidelberg; Germany
| | - Raymond F. Anton
- Center for Drug & Alcohol Programs; Medical University of South Carolina; Charleston SC USA
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Easton AC, Lucchesi W, Lourdusamy A, Lenz B, Solati J, Golub Y, Lewczuk P, Fernandes C, Desrivieres S, Dawirs RR, Moll GH, Kornhuber J, Frank J, Hoffmann P, Soyka M, Kiefer F, Schumann G, Peter Giese K, Müller CP, Treutlein J, Cichon S, Ridinger M, Mattheisen P, Herms S, Wodarz N, Zill P, Maier W, Mössner R, Gaebel W, Dahmen N, Scherbaum N, Schmäl C, Steffens M, Lucae S, Ising M, Müller-Myhsok B, Nöthen MM, Mann K, Rietschel M. αCaMKII autophosphorylation controls the establishment of alcohol drinking behavior. Neuropsychopharmacology 2013; 38:1636-47. [PMID: 23459588 PMCID: PMC3717547 DOI: 10.1038/npp.2013.60] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2012] [Revised: 01/22/2013] [Accepted: 02/04/2013] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The α-Ca(2+)/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (αCaMKII) is a crucial enzyme controlling plasticity in the brain. The autophosphorylation of αCaMKII works as a 'molecular memory' for a transient calcium activation, thereby accelerating learning. We investigated the role of αCaMKII autophosphorylation in the establishment of alcohol drinking as an addiction-related behavior in mice. We found that alcohol drinking was initially diminished in αCaMKII autophosphorylation-deficient αCaMKII(T286A) mice, but could be established at wild-type level after repeated withdrawals. The locomotor activating effects of a low-dose alcohol (2 g/kg) were absent in αCaMKII(T286A) mice, whereas the sedating effects of high-dose (3.5 g/kg) were preserved after acute and subchronic administration. The in vivo microdialysis revealed that αCaMKII(T286A) mice showed no dopamine (DA) response in the nucleus accumbens to acute or subchronic alcohol administration, but enhanced serotonin (5-HT) responses in the prefrontal cortex. The attenuated DA response in αCaMKII(T286A) mice was in line with altered c-Fos activation in the ventral tegmental area after acute and subchronic alcohol administration. In order to compare findings in mice with the human condition, we tested 23 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the CAMK2A gene for their association with alcohol dependence in a population of 1333 male patients with severe alcohol dependence and 939 controls. We found seven significant associations between CAMK2A SNPs and alcohol dependence, one of which in an autophosphorylation-related area of the gene. Together, our data suggest αCaMKII autophosphorylation as a facilitating mechanism in the establishment of alcohol drinking behavior with changing the DA-5-HT balance as a putative mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alanna C Easton
- MRC Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Research Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Walter Lucchesi
- Centre for the Cellular Basis of Behavior, MRC Centre for Neurodegeneration Research, Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London, James Black Centre, London, UK
| | - Anbarasu Lourdusamy
- MRC Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Research Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Bernd Lenz
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Friedrich-Alexander-University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Jalal Solati
- Department of Child and Adolescent Mental Health, University Clinic Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany,Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Islamic Azad University, Karaj, Iran
| | - Yulia Golub
- Department of Child and Adolescent Mental Health, University Clinic Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Piotr Lewczuk
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Friedrich-Alexander-University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Cathy Fernandes
- MRC Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Research Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Sylvane Desrivieres
- MRC Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Research Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Ralph R Dawirs
- Department of Child and Adolescent Mental Health, University Clinic Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Gunther H Moll
- Department of Child and Adolescent Mental Health, University Clinic Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Johannes Kornhuber
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Friedrich-Alexander-University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Josef Frank
- Department of Genetic Epidemiology in Psychiatry, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Per Hoffmann
- Institute of Human Genetics, Life & Brain Center, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Michael Soyka
- Psychiatric Hospital, University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Falk Kiefer
- Department of Addictive Behaviour and Addiction Medicine, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | | | - Gunter Schumann
- MRC Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Research Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London, London, UK
| | - K Peter Giese
- Centre for the Cellular Basis of Behavior, MRC Centre for Neurodegeneration Research, Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London, James Black Centre, London, UK
| | - Christian P Müller
- MRC Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Research Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London, London, UK,Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Friedrich-Alexander-University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany,Section of Addiction Medicine, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Friedrich-Alexander-University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Schwabachanlage 6, Erlangen 91054, Germany, Tel: +49 9131 85 36896, Fax: +49 9131 85 36002, E-mail:
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Schäfer M, Bonnet U, Herrmann D, Hoch E, Schröder W, Reymann G, Veltrup C, Wessel B, Wieczorek A, Wodarz N. Von den Spielarten klinischer Praxis zur Evidenz – Pharmakologische Strategien im Alkoholentzug. Suchttherapie 2012. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0032-1330977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Gisela Buchner U, Arnold M, Koytek A, Gollrad T, Wodarz N. [It's not only the gamblers who need help - a pilot study on a family training programme]. Psychother Psychosom Med Psychol 2012; 62:383-9. [PMID: 23027392 DOI: 10.1055/s-0032-1316368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Relatives of problematic and pathological gamblers are seriously affected by the illness comparable to relatives of substance abusers. Therefore they might need support. Hence the psycho-educational training programme ETAPPE was developed and tested in an explorative pilot study in cooperation with counselling services. The participants got several questionnaires concerning amongst others: self-assessment of stress, psychological distress and taxing subjects. Results show that families of problematic and pathological gamblers are highly stressed. ETAPPE addresses the topics that are a burden for families. Taking into consideration the limitations, there are positive trends: Through this training, self-assessment of stress, psychological distress and actual situative perceived stress are reduced significantly. Chronic stress remains unchanged. A conclusive evaluation of the effectiveness of this manualized programme is still pending.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ursula Gisela Buchner
- Bayerische Akademie für Sucht- und Gesundheitsfragen Landesstelle Glücksspielsucht in Bayern, München.
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Koller G, Zill P, Rujescu D, Ridinger M, Pogarell O, Fehr C, Wodarz N, Bondy B, Soyka M, Preuss UW. Possible association between OPRM1 genetic variance at the 118 locus and alcohol dependence in a large treatment sample: relationship to alcohol dependence symptoms. Alcohol Clin Exp Res 2012; 36:1230-6. [PMID: 22309038 DOI: 10.1111/j.1530-0277.2011.01714.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2011] [Accepted: 10/26/2011] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Several lines of evidence from previous research indicate that opioid receptors play an important role in ethanol reinforcement and alcohol dependence (AD) risk. Conflicting results were reported on the role of the mu-opioid receptor (OPRM1) polymorphism A118G (Asn40Asp, rs1799971) in the development of alcoholism. METHODS We investigated a total number of 1,845 alcohol-dependent subjects recruited from inpatient facilities in Germany and 1,863 controls for the mu-opioid receptor (OPRM1) polymorphism using chi-square statistics. RESULTS An association between the OPRM variant and AD was detected (p = 0.022), in recessive (AA vs. GA/GG) and co-dominant (AA vs. GA) models of inheritance. An association between the OPRM variant and the DSM-IV criterion "efforts to cut down or could not" (p = 0.047) was found, but this did not remain significant after the correction for multiple testing. CONCLUSIONS The results indicate that this functional OPRM variant is associated with risk of AD and these findings apply to more severe AD, although the association is only nominally significant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriele Koller
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Ludwig-Maximilians University, Munich, Germany.
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29
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Frank J, Cichon S, Treutlein J, Ridinger M, Mattheisen M, Hoffmann P, Herms S, Wodarz N, Soyka M, Zill P, Maier W, Mössner R, Gaebel W, Dahmen N, Scherbaum N, Schmäl C, Steffens M, Lucae S, Ising M, Müller-Myhsok B, Nöthen MM, Mann K, Kiefer F, Rietschel M. Genome-wide significant association between alcohol dependence and a variant in the ADH gene cluster. Addict Biol 2012; 17:171-80. [PMID: 22004471 DOI: 10.1111/j.1369-1600.2011.00395.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 121] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Alcohol dependence (AD) is an important contributory factor to the global burden of disease. The etiology of AD involves both environmental and genetic factors, and the disorder has a heritability of around 50%. The aim of the present study was to identify susceptibility genes for AD by performing a genome-wide association study (GWAS). The sample comprised 1333 male in-patients with severe AD according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 4th edition, and 2168 controls. These included 487 patients and 1358 controls from a previous GWAS study by our group. All individuals were of German descent. Single-marker tests and a polygenic score-based analysis to assess the combined contribution of multiple markers with small effects were performed. The single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) rs1789891, which is located between the ADH1B and ADH1C genes, achieved genome-wide significance [P = 1.27E-8, odds ratio (OR) = 1.46]. Other markers from this region were also associated with AD, and conditional analyses indicated that these made a partially independent contribution. The SNP rs1789891 is in complete linkage disequilibrium with the functional Arg272Gln variant (P = 1.24E-7, OR = 1.31) of the ADH1C gene, which has been reported to modify the rate of ethanol oxidation to acetaldehyde in vitro. A polygenic score-based approach produced a significant result (P = 9.66E-9). This is the first GWAS of AD to provide genome-wide significant support for the role of the ADH gene cluster and to suggest a polygenic component to the etiology of AD. The latter result may indicate that many more AD susceptibility genes still await identification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josef Frank
- Department of Genetic Epidemiology in Psychiatry, Central Institute of Mental Health, University of Heidelberg, Germany
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Clarke TK, Dempster E, Docherty SJ, Desrivieres S, Lourdsamy A, Wodarz N, Ridinger M, Maier W, Rietschel M, Schumann G. Multiple polymorphisms in genes of the adrenergic stress system confer vulnerability to alcohol abuse. Addict Biol 2012; 17:202-8. [PMID: 21070505 DOI: 10.1111/j.1369-1600.2010.00263.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Environmental factors such as stress influence both the predisposition to and development of alcoholism, as well as have significant implications for alcoholism relapse. One predominant biological response to acute stress is the release of norepinephrine, which activates the peripheral stress response and also the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis. We aimed to examine the role of two genes of the adrenergic system (SLC6A2 and ADRA2A) in alcoholism by genotyping 21 SNPs in 785 adult alcohol-dependent patients and 1237 controls. Two single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) (rs36020 and rs36029) in SLC6A2 were significantly associated with alcoholism [false discovery rate corrected P-value (FDR) P = 0.007]. Two SNPs in ADRA2A (rs521674 and rs602618) were associated with a positive family history of alcoholism (FDR P ≤ 0.05). A combined SNP-set analysis was also carried out to determine the risk of harbouring multiple alcohol risk alleles across SLC6A2 and ADRA2A. Logistic regression analysis revealed that an increase in the number of alcohol risk alleles increased the risk for alcoholism (P = 0.000567, odds ratio = 1.75, 95% confidence interval 1.26-2.44). A three-SNP haplotype consisting of rs187715, rs36020 and rs40147 alleles, AGC, was also found, which was significantly over-represented in cases compared with controls (61% versus 56%). We therefore demonstrate an association of SLC6A2 and ADRA2A with adult alcoholism. These data confirm the relevance of the adrenergic stress system when considering genetic predisposition to alcohol dependence and suggest that SLC6A2 and ADRA2A should be studied in additional alcohol-dependent cohorts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toni-Kim Clarke
- MRC-SGDP Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, King's College, UK.
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31
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Preuss UW, Ridinger M, Rujescu D, Giegling I, Fehr C, Koller G, Bondy B, Wodarz N, Soyka M, Zill P. Die Zukunft der Suchtmedizin – ... hilft die Genetik weiter? Suchttherapie 2011. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0031-1293181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
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Dong L, Bilbao A, Laucht M, Henriksson R, Yakovleva T, Ridinger M, Desrivieres S, Clarke TK, Lourdusamy A, Smolka MN, Cichon S, Blomeyer D, Treutlein J, Perreau-Lenz S, Witt S, Leonardi-Essmann F, Wodarz N, Zill P, Soyka M, Albrecht U, Rietschel M, Lathrop M, Bakalkin G, Spanagel R, Schumann G. Effects of the circadian rhythm gene period 1 (per1) on psychosocial stress-induced alcohol drinking. Am J Psychiatry 2011; 168:1090-8. [PMID: 21828288 DOI: 10.1176/appi.ajp.2011.10111579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Circadian and stress-response systems mediate environmental changes that affect alcohol drinking. Psychosocial stress is an environmental risk factor for alcohol abuse. Circadian rhythm gene period 1 (Per1) is targeted by stress hormones and is transcriptionally activated in corticotropin releasing factor-expressing cells. The authors hypothesized that Per1 is involved in integrating stress response and circadian rhythmicity and explored its relevance to alcohol drinking. METHOD In mice, the effects of stress on ethanol intake in mPer1-mutant and wild-type mice were assessed. In humans, single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in hPer1 were tested for association with alcohol drinking behavior in 273 adolescents and an adult case-control sample of 1,006 alcohol-dependent patients and 1,178 comparison subjects. In vitro experiments were conducted to measure genotype-specific expression and transcription factor binding to hPer1. RESULTS The mPer1-mutant mice showed enhanced alcohol consumption in response to social defeat stress relative to their wild-type littermates. An association with the frequency of heavy drinking in adolescents with the hPer1 promoter SNP rs3027172 and with psychosocial adversity was found. There was significant interaction between the rs3027172 genotype and psychosocial adversity on this drinking measure. In a confirmatory analysis, association of hPer1 rs3027172 with alcohol dependence was shown. Cortisol-induced transcriptional activation of hPer1 was reduced in human B-lymphoblastoid cells carrying the risk genotype of rs3027172. Binding affinity of the transcription factor Snail1 to the risk allele of the hPer1 SNP rs3027172 was also reduced. CONCLUSIONS The findings indicate that the hPer1 gene regulates alcohol drinking behavior during stressful conditions and provide evidence for underlying neurobiological mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Dong
- Medical Research Council Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, King’s College London, UK
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Hutchison K, Claus E, Harlaar N, Bryan A, Grilo CM, Jenkov VP, Toteva S, Jenkov V, Lehert P, VandenBrink W, Preuss UW, Ridinger M, Fehr C, Koller G, Bondy B, Wodarz N, Soyka M, Zill P, Zimmermann US, Mick I, Lachnit A, Kabus M, Gahr M. FREE ORAL COMMUNICATIONS 7: SUBGROUPS OF ALCOHOL DEPENDENCE AND THEIR SPECIAL TREATMENT * O7.1 * ALCOHOL DEPENDENCE: LINKING GENES WITH INTERMEDIATE NEUROBIOLOGICAL PHENOTYPES. Alcohol Alcohol 2011. [DOI: 10.1093/alcalc/agr123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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Samochowiec J, Grzywacz A, Jablonski M, Jasiewicz A, Bienkowski P, Preuss U, Ridinger M, Fehr C, Koller G, Bondy B, Wodarz N, Soyka M, Zill P, Wojnar M, Jakubczyk A, Matsumoto H, Habrat B, Heinz A, Muller CA, Beck A, Charlet C. S23 * NEUROBIOLOGICAL ENDOPHENOTYPES IN ALCOHOL DEPENDENCE * S23.1 * GENETIC DETERMINANTS OF ALCOHOL ADDICTION: SEARCHING FOR AN ENDOPHENOTYPE ASSOCIATED WITH SWEET LIKING IN POPULATION OF FAMILIES WITH HISTORY OF ALCOHOL ADDICTION. Alcohol Alcohol 2011. [DOI: 10.1093/alcalc/agr113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Wenzel C, Meister M, Bleich S, Hillemacher T, Choi Y, Sudraba V, Dave V, Cacciaglia R, Loche A, Corsico N, Priestley A, Loche A, Simonetti F, Cacciaglia R, Rupp CI, Kemmler G, Kurz M, Hinterhuber H, Fleischhacker WW, Wodarz N, Grundl A, Weber F, Appel S, Arnold L, Tretter F, Sudraba V, Rancans E, Dave V, Barrett SP, Kogoj D, Addolorato G, Ferrulli A, Mouzas I, Okruhlica L, Poldrugo F, Schlaff G, Zima T, Lesch O, Walter H. TREATMENT * P71 * PHARMACOLOGICAL TREATMENT STRATEGIES IN ALCOHOL DETOXIFICATION AND RELAPSE PREVENTION: RESULTS OF A NATIONAL ONLINE SURVEY. Alcohol Alcohol 2011. [DOI: 10.1093/alcalc/agr121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Pfutzer R, Wodarz N, Weber F, Grundl A, Appel S, Ridinger M, Muller S, Petitjean S, Degen B, Wiesbeck GA, Haas SL. S07 * COMBINED DEPENDENCE FROM ALCOHOL AND TOBACCO: INTERACTIONS AND CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS * S07.1 * THE IMPACT OF SMOKING AND ALCOHOL ON ACUTE AND CHRONIC PANCREATITIS IN THE WESTERN WORLD. Alcohol Alcohol 2011. [DOI: 10.1093/alcalc/agr092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Langguth B, Bär R, Wodarz N, Wittmann M, Laufkötter R. Paradoxical reaction in ADHD. Dtsch Arztebl Int 2011; 108:541; author reply 541-2. [PMID: 21886668 DOI: 10.3238/arztebl.2011.0541a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Gisela Buchner U, Wodarz N. [Pathological gambling--what do we know?]. Psychother Psychosom Med Psychol 2011; 61:341-6. [PMID: 20687011 DOI: 10.1055/s-0030-1262784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
According to epidemiological studies, there are 103 000-290 000 people in Germany afflicted by pathological gambling. In many cases the disorder remains hidden for a long time with only a few of the problematic or pathological gamblers seeking help in the professional helping network. Focussing on the relevant results for Germany, this review summarizes the recent research concerning "pathological gambling". The main topics are diagnosis, nosological status, epidemiology, gender-related differences and common screening instruments. Furthermore, the increasing probability for the development of pathological gambling upon existing other psychiatric disorders, e. g. personality disorder, mood and anxiety disorders, substance-related disorders or ADHD, is discussed as well as the current approaches in treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ursula Gisela Buchner
- Bayerische Akademie für Sucht- und Gesundheitsfragen (BAS), Landesstelle Glücksspielsucht in Bayern, München.
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Desrivières S, Pronko SP, Lourdusamy A, Ducci F, Hoffman PL, Wodarz N, Ridinger M, Rietschel M, Zelenika D, Lathrop M, Schumann G, Tabakoff B. Sex-specific role for adenylyl cyclase type 7 in alcohol dependence. Biol Psychiatry 2011; 69:1100-8. [PMID: 21481845 PMCID: PMC3094753 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2011.01.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2010] [Revised: 01/04/2011] [Accepted: 01/28/2011] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alcohol has been shown to critically modulate cyclic adenosine-3',5' monophosphate (cAMP) signaling. A number of downstream effectors that respond to the cAMP signals (e.g., protein kinase A, cAMP response element binding protein) have, in turn, been examined in relation to alcohol consumption. These studies did not, however, delineate the point at which the actions of alcohol on the cAMP cascade might translate into differences in drinking behavior. To further understand the role of cAMP synthesis in alcohol drinking and dependence, we investigated a specific adenylyl cyclase isoform, adenylyl cyclase (AC) Type 7, whose activity is selectively enhanced by ethanol. METHODS We measured alcohol consumption and preference in mice in which one copy of the Adcy7 gene was disrupted (Adcy7(+/-)). To demonstrate relevance of this gene for alcohol dependence in humans, we tested the association of polymorphisms in the ADCY7 gene with alcohol dependence in a sample of 1703 alcohol-dependent individuals and 1347 control subjects. RESULTS We show that Adcy7(+/-) female mice have higher preference for alcohol than wild-type mice, whereas there is little difference in alcohol consumption or preference between Adcy7(+/-) male mice and wild-type control subjects. In the human sample, we found that single nucleotide polymorphisms in ADCY7 associate with alcohol dependence in women, and these markers are also associated with ADCY7 expression (messenger RNA) levels. CONCLUSIONS These findings implicate adenylyl cyclase Type 7 as a critical component of the molecular pathways contributing to alcohol drinking and the development of alcohol dependence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sylvane Desrivières
- Medical Research Council Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry, King's College London, United Kingdom.
| | - Sergey P. Pronko
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Anbarasu Lourdusamy
- Medical Research Council Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry, King's College London, United Kingdom
| | - Francesca Ducci
- Medical Research Council Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry, King's College London, United Kingdom,Institute of Psychiatry, St. George's University of London, United Kingdom
| | - Paula L. Hoffman
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Norbert Wodarz
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Monika Ridinger
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Marcella Rietschel
- Department of Genetic Epidemiology in Psychiatry, Central Institute of Mental Health, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | | | | | - Gunter Schumann
- Medical Research Council Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry, King's College London, United Kingdom
| | - Boris Tabakoff
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, Colorado
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Frick KM, Loessl B, Brueck RK, Kriston L, Jaehne A, Riemann D, Gann H, Batra A, Wodarz N, Mann KF, Berner MM. What works for patients in outpatient treatment for alcohol addiction? An explorative study into clients' evaluation of subjective factors and therapy satisfaction. Subst Abuse 2011; 5:27-34. [PMID: 22879748 PMCID: PMC3411521 DOI: 10.4137/sart.s6796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
This explorative survey investigated clients' evaluation of therapy elements and other supportive factors within a randomized controlled trial. The treatment of patients with alcohol dependence consisted of pharmacotherapy (acamprosate/naltrexone/placebo) and biweekly medical management (MM). Forty-nine study participants were surveyed with a questionnaire to measure both the patients' satisfaction with the therapy and the subjective assessment of treatment elements and supportive factors.Study participants were highly satisfied with the treatment. The supportive factors previously identified by Orford et al1 were confirmed. 'Pharmacotherapy' was rated significantly less effective than 'MM' and 'global study attendance' (P < 0.001). The significant differences in the evaluation of treatment elements point to a preference for regular low-key contacts rather than for medication. Such contacts based on MM could be a useful intervention in clinical care, and its effectivity should be examined more closely in further research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katrin M Frick
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Freiburg, Germany
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Clarke TK, Laucht M, Ridinger M, Wodarz N, Rietschel M, Maier W, Lathrop M, Lourdusamy A, Zimmermann US, Desrivieres S, Schumann G. KCNJ6 is associated with adult alcohol dependence and involved in gene × early life stress interactions in adolescent alcohol drinking. Neuropsychopharmacology 2011; 36:1142-8. [PMID: 21307845 PMCID: PMC3079832 DOI: 10.1038/npp.2010.247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Alcohol abuse and dependence have proven to be complex genetic traits that are influenced by environmental factors. Primate and human studies have shown that early life stress increases the propensity for alcohol abuse in later life. The reinforcing properties of alcohol are mediated by dopaminergic signaling; however, there is little evidence to indicate how stress alters alcohol reinforcement. KCNJ6 (the gene encoding G-protein-coupled inwardly rectifying potassium channel 2 (GIRK2)) is a brain expressed potassium channel with inhibitory effects on dopaminergic tone. The properties of GIRK2 have been shown to be enhanced by the stress peptide corticotrophin-releasing hormone. Therefore, we sought to examine the role of KCNJ6 polymorphisms in adult alcohol dependence and stress-related alcohol abuse in adolescents. We selected 11 SNPs in the promoter region of KCNJ6, which were genotyped in 1152 adult alcohol dependents and 1203 controls. One SNP, rs2836016, was found to be associated with alcohol dependence (p=0.01, false discovery rate). We then assessed rs2836016 in an adolescent sample of 261 subjects, which were characterized for early life stress and adolescent hazardous drinking, defined using the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT), to examine gene-environment interactions. In the adolescent sample, the risk genotype of rs2836016 was significantly associated with increased AUDIT scores, but only in those individuals exposed to high levels of psychosocial stress in early life (p=0.01). Our findings show that KCNJ6 is associated with alcohol dependence and may moderate the effect of early psychosocial stress on risky alcohol drinking in adolescents. We have identified a candidate gene for future studies investigating a possible functional link between the response to stress and alcohol reinforcement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toni-Kim Clarke
- Section of Addiction Biology, MRC-SGDP Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London, London, UK.
| | - Manfred Laucht
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Mannheim, Germany,Department of Psychology, Division of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Monika Ridinger
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Norbert Wodarz
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Marcella Rietschel
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Maier
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | | | - Anbarasu Lourdusamy
- Section of Addiction Biology, MRC-SGDP Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Ulrich S Zimmermann
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität, Dresden, Germany
| | - Sylvane Desrivieres
- Section of Addiction Biology, MRC-SGDP Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Gunter Schumann
- Section of Addiction Biology, MRC-SGDP Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London, London, UK,Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
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Preuss UW, Ridinger M, Rujescu D, Samochowiec J, Fehr C, Wurst FM, Koller G, Bondy B, Wodarz N, Debniak T, Grzywacz A, Soyka M, Zill P. Association of ADH4 genetic variants with alcohol dependence risk and related phenotypes: results from a larger multicenter association study. Addict Biol 2011; 16:323-33. [PMID: 20626721 DOI: 10.1111/j.1369-1600.2010.00236.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Genetic variants of the alcohol-metabolizing enzyme ADH4, located on chromosome 4q22-4q23, have been related to alcohol dependence (AD) risk in previous research. The aim of this association study in a large multicenter sample of alcohol-dependent individuals and controls is to confirm ADH4 single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) and haplotype association with AD and relevant related phenotypes. One thousand, six hundred and twenty-two (1622) inpatient subjects and 1469 control subjects with DSM-IV. AD from four addiction treatment centres were included. Characteristics of AD and related phenotypes including alcohol withdrawal, Cloninger's type I and II and first ages of drinking, regular drinking and AD onset were obtained using standardized structured interviews. After subjects were genotyped for 2 ADH4 polymorphisms, single SNP case-control and haplotype analyses were conducted. Both variants--rs1800759 and rs1042364--and the A-A and C-G haplotypes were significantly related to AD across samples. Furthermore, associations with AD-related phenotypes and subtypes revealed a potential protective influence of this haplotype. This study confirms the significant relationship of ADH4 variants with AD and related phenotypes. While the rs1800759 and rs1042364 A-A haplotype had a potential protective influence on the risk for several AD-related phenotypes, this effect is rather small compared to functional variants of other alcohol or acetaldehyde-metabolizing enzymes like ALDH2*2 or ADH1B*2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ulrich W Preuss
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, Martin-Luther-University, Halle-Wittenberg, Julius-Kühn-Str. 7, D–06112 Halle, Germany.
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Stickel F, Buch S, Lau K, Meyer zu Schwabedissen H, Berg T, Ridinger M, Rietschel M, Schafmayer C, Braun F, Hinrichsen H, Günther R, Arlt A, Seeger M, Müller S, Seitz HK, Soyka M, Lerch M, Lammert F, Sarrazin C, Kubitz R, Häussinger D, Hellerbrand C, Bröring D, Schreiber S, Kiefer F, Spanagel R, Mann K, Datz C, Krawczak M, Wodarz N, Völzke H, Hampe J. Genetic variation in the PNPLA3 gene is associated with alcoholic liver injury in caucasians. Hepatology 2011; 53:86-95. [PMID: 21254164 DOI: 10.1002/hep.24017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 204] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2010] [Accepted: 09/18/2010] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED A recent genome-wide study revealed an association between variation in the PNPLA3 gene and liver fat content. In addition, the PNPLA3 single-nucleotide polymorphism rs738409 (M148I) was reported to be associated with advanced alcoholic liver disease in alcohol-dependent individuals of Mestizo descent. We therefore evaluated the impact of rs738409 on the manifestation of alcoholic liver disease in two independent German cohorts. Genotype and allele frequencies of rs738409 (M148I) were determined in 1,043 alcoholic patients with or without alcoholic liver injury and in 376 at-risk drinkers from a population-based cohort. Relative to alcoholic patients without liver damage (n = 439), rs738409 genotype GG was strongly overrepresented in patients with alcoholic liver cirrhosis (n = 210; OR 2.79; P(genotype) = 1.2 × 10(-5) ; P(allelic) = 1.6 × 10(-6) ) and in alcoholic patients without cirrhosis but with elevated alanine aminotransferase levels (n = 219; OR 2.33; P(genotype) = 0.0085; P(allelic) = 0.0042). The latter, biochemically defined association was confirmed in an independent population-based cohort of at-risk drinkers with a median alcohol intake of 300 g/week (OR 4.75; P(genotype) = 0.040; P(allelic) = 0.022), and for aspartate aminotransferase (AST) levels. Frequencies of allele PNPLA3 rs738409(G) in individuals with steatosis and normal alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and AST levels were lower than in alcoholics without steatosis and normal ALT/AST (P(combined) = 0.03). The population attributable risk of cirrhosis in alcoholic carriers of allele PNPLA3 rs738409(G) was estimated at 26.6%. CONCLUSION Genotype PNPLA3 rs738409(GG) is associated with alcoholic liver cirrhosis and elevated aminotransferase levels in alcoholic Caucasians.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felix Stickel
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology and Visceral Research, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
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Stickel F, Buch S, Lau K, Meyer zu Schwabedissen H, Berg T, Ridinger M, Rietschel M, Schafmayer C, Braun F, Hinrichsen H, Günther R, Arlt A, Seeger M, Müller S, Seitz HK, Soyka M, Lerch M, Lammert F, Sarrazin C, Kubitz R, Häussinger D, Hellerbrand C, Bröring D, Schreiber S, Kiefer F, Spanagel R, Mann K, Datz C, Krawczak M, Wodarz N, Völzke H, Hampe J. Genetic variation in the PNPLA3 gene is associated with alcoholic liver injury in caucasians. Hepatology 2010. [PMID: 21254164 DOI: 10.1002/hep.24017.] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED A recent genome-wide study revealed an association between variation in the PNPLA3 gene and liver fat content. In addition, the PNPLA3 single-nucleotide polymorphism rs738409 (M148I) was reported to be associated with advanced alcoholic liver disease in alcohol-dependent individuals of Mestizo descent. We therefore evaluated the impact of rs738409 on the manifestation of alcoholic liver disease in two independent German cohorts. Genotype and allele frequencies of rs738409 (M148I) were determined in 1,043 alcoholic patients with or without alcoholic liver injury and in 376 at-risk drinkers from a population-based cohort. Relative to alcoholic patients without liver damage (n = 439), rs738409 genotype GG was strongly overrepresented in patients with alcoholic liver cirrhosis (n = 210; OR 2.79; P(genotype) = 1.2 × 10(-5) ; P(allelic) = 1.6 × 10(-6) ) and in alcoholic patients without cirrhosis but with elevated alanine aminotransferase levels (n = 219; OR 2.33; P(genotype) = 0.0085; P(allelic) = 0.0042). The latter, biochemically defined association was confirmed in an independent population-based cohort of at-risk drinkers with a median alcohol intake of 300 g/week (OR 4.75; P(genotype) = 0.040; P(allelic) = 0.022), and for aspartate aminotransferase (AST) levels. Frequencies of allele PNPLA3 rs738409(G) in individuals with steatosis and normal alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and AST levels were lower than in alcoholics without steatosis and normal ALT/AST (P(combined) = 0.03). The population attributable risk of cirrhosis in alcoholic carriers of allele PNPLA3 rs738409(G) was estimated at 26.6%. CONCLUSION Genotype PNPLA3 rs738409(GG) is associated with alcoholic liver cirrhosis and elevated aminotransferase levels in alcoholic Caucasians.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felix Stickel
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology and Visceral Research, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
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Stickel F, Buch S, Lau K, zu Schwabedissen HM, Berg T, Ridinger M, Wiegandt S, Rietschel M, Schafmayer C, Braun F, Hinrichsen H, Günther R, Arlt A, Seeger M, Müller S, Seitz HK, Soyka M, Lerch M, Lammert F, Sarrazin C, Zeuzem S, Kubitz R, Häussinger D, Hellerbrand C, Schölmerich J, Bröring D, Schreiber S, Spanagel R, Mann K, Krawczak M, Wodarz N, Völzke H, Hampe J. Genetic variation in the PNPLA3 gene is associated with alcoholic liver injury in Caucasians. Z Gastroenterol 2010. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0030-1263388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Preuss UW, Ridinger M, Rujescu D, Fehr C, Koller G, Wodarz N, Bondy B, Soyka M, Wong WM, Zill P. No association of alcohol dependence with HOMER 1 and 2 genetic variants. Am J Med Genet B Neuropsychiatr Genet 2010; 153B:1102-9. [PMID: 20333726 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.b.31074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Several lines of evidence indicate that alterations of the central cortico-accumbens glutamate pathway are involved in the development and maintenance of alcohol- and substance-use disorders. The HOMER protein family is encoded by 3 genes HOMER (1-3) which are components of the excitatory postsynaptic density complex and function to modulate synaptic activity by the regulation of glutamate signaling. HOMER 1 and 2 have been reported to contribute to chronic alcohol-induced long-term neurochemical changes in the endogenous reward system. Data from animal models suggest a potential role of the Homer protein family in the development of alcohol and substance use. The aim of this study is to assess potential associations between HOMER 1 and 2 genetic variants in a larger sample of alcohol-dependent individuals and unrelated controls. Five genetic variants of HOMER 1 and 3 of HOMER 2 were genotyped in a multi-site sample of 1,923 German healthy controls and 2,039 alcohol-dependent subjects. Neither single SNP nor haplotype analysis could detect significant associations with alcohol dependence (AD) and related phenotypes. While most of the HOMER 1 and 2 SNPs are in low-to-moderate linkage disequilibrium, three major haplotypes of HOMER 1 and 4 haplotypes of HOMER 2 are present in the majority of alcohol-dependent and control subjects. In conclusion, our results suggest that single SNPs, respectively, haplotypes of the HOMER 1 and 2 genes are unlikely to play a major role in the pathophysiology of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- U W Preuss
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, University of Halle-Wittenberg, Halle/Saale, Germany.
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Gäbele E, Mühlbauer M, Paulo H, Johann M, Meltzer C, Leidl F, Wodarz N, Wiest R, Schölmerich J, Hellerbrand C. Analysis of monocyte chemotactic protein-1 gene polymorphism in patients with spontaneous bacterial peritonitis. World J Gastroenterol 2009; 15:5558-62. [PMID: 19938194 PMCID: PMC2785058 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.15.5558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM: To investigate a genetic polymorphism of the monocyte chemotactic protein-1 (MCP-1) gene in patients with spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (SBP).
METHODS: MCP-1 genotyping was performed in 23 patients with SBP and 83 cirrhotic control patients with non-infected ascites.
RESULTS: The frequency of carriers of the G-allele was lower in SBP patients but this difference did not reach statistical significance. However, in the subgroup of patients with alcoholic cirrhosis (n = 80), carriers of the G-allele were significantly less frequent in SBP-patients (38.1%) than in cirrhotic controls (67.8%, P = 0.021).
CONCLUSION: In patients with alcoholic liver cirrhosis, the -2518 MCP-1 genotype AA is a risk factor for the development of SBP.
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Treutlein J, Cichon S, Ridinger M, Wodarz N, Soyka M, Zill P, Maier W, Moessner R, Gaebel W, Dahmen N, Fehr C, Scherbaum N, Steffens M, Ludwig KU, Frank J, Wichmann HE, Schreiber S, Dragano N, Sommer WH, Leonardi-Essmann F, Lourdusamy A, Gebicke-Haerter P, Wienker TF, Sullivan PF, Nöthen MM, Kiefer F, Spanagel R, Mann K, Rietschel M. Genome-wide association study of alcohol dependence. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009; 66:773-84. [PMID: 19581569 DOI: 10.1001/archgenpsychiatry.2009.83] [Citation(s) in RCA: 292] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT Alcohol dependence is a serious and common public health problem. It is well established that genetic factors play a major role in the development of this disorder. Identification of genes that contribute to alcohol dependence will improve our understanding of the mechanisms that underlie this disorder. OBJECTIVE To identify susceptibility genes for alcohol dependence through a genome-wide association study (GWAS) and a follow-up study in a population of German male inpatients with an early age at onset. DESIGN The GWAS tested 524,396 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). All SNPs with P < 10(-4) were subjected to the follow-up study. In addition, nominally significant SNPs from genes that had also shown expression changes in rat brains after long-term alcohol consumption were selected for the follow-up step. SETTING Five university hospitals in southern and central Germany. PARTICIPANTS The GWAS included 487 male inpatients with alcohol dependence as defined by the DSM-IV and an age at onset younger than 28 years and 1358 population-based control individuals. The follow-up study included 1024 male inpatients and 996 age-matched male controls. All the participants were of German descent. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Significant association findings in the GWAS and follow-up study with the same alleles. RESULTS The GWAS produced 121 SNPs with nominal P < 10(-4). These, together with 19 additional SNPs from homologues of rat genes showing differential expression, were genotyped in the follow-up sample. Fifteen SNPs showed significant association with the same allele as in the GWAS. In the combined analysis, 2 closely linked intergenic SNPs met genome-wide significance (rs7590720, P = 9.72 x 10(-9); rs1344694, P = 1.69 x 10(-8)). They are located on chromosome region 2q35, which has been implicated in linkage studies for alcohol phenotypes. Nine SNPs were located in genes, including the CDH13 and ADH1C genes, that have been reported to be associated with alcohol dependence. CONCLUSIONS This is the first GWAS and follow-up study to identify a genome-wide significant association in alcohol dependence. Further independent studies are required to confirm these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jens Treutlein
- Department of Genetic Epidemiology in Psychiatry, Central Institute of Mental Health, Mannheim, Germany
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Wiesbeck GA, Weijers HG, Wodarz N, Keller HK, Michel TM, Herrmann MJ, Boening J. Serotonin transporter gene polymorphism and personality traits in primary alcohol dependence. World J Biol Psychiatry 2009; 5:45-8. [PMID: 15048635 DOI: 10.1080/15622970410029907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
We tested the hypothesis of an association between the serotonin transporter (5-HTT) gene regulatory region polymorphism and the Temperament and Character Inventory (TCI) personality dimension of Harm Avoidance. For the study, 124 subjects seeking inpatient treatment for primary alcohol dependence were grouped by their 5-HTT genotype and assessed with the TCI. Genotypes differed statistically significantly in Harm Avoidance but not in any other personality trait. This gives support to the hypothesis that the TCI temperament Harm Avoidance is associated with serotonergic neurotransmission in primary alcohol dependence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerhard A Wiesbeck
- Department of Substance Use Disorders, Psychiatric University Clinic, University of Basel, Switzerland.
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Insecure attachment (IA) and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) are discussed as risk factors for increased alcohol intake and the development of alcoholism. METHODS Among a sample of 517 consecutively admitted German inpatients with alcohol dependence we investigated the contribution of IA to alcoholism phenotypes, taking into consideration comorbid ADHD. RESULTS IA was significantly associated with increased alcohol consumption, increased frequency of withdrawal symptoms, increased frequency of physical or psychological problems that are likely to have been worsened by alcohol, and reduced social activities because of alcohol use. ADHD has no significant effect on these parameters. CONCLUSIONS IA developed as a result of social interactions during childhood long before alcohol dependence. The results point to an important effect of IA on the severity and acceleration of alcohol dependence. Therefore, it might be helpful to improve efforts in primary prevention and psychotherapy of alcohol dependence by considering the specific needs of subjects with an IA.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Ridinger
- Klinik für Psychiatrie, Psychosomatik und Psychotherapie, Universität Regensburg im Bezirksklinikum, Universitätsstrasse 84, 93053, Regensburg.
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