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McKay S, Cohran V, Bass LM. Anastomotic Ulcers: Current Understanding of the Pathogenesis and Management. Curr Gastroenterol Rep 2023:10.1007/s11894-023-00873-w. [PMID: 37303027 DOI: 10.1007/s11894-023-00873-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Anastomotic ulceration following intestinal resection is an under- recognized problem in pediatrics. We discuss the relevant literature regarding this condition. RECENT FINDINGS Anastomotic Ulceration following intestinal resection is a potentially life threatening cause of refractory anemia. Evaluation should include correction of micronutrient deficiencies and endoscopic evaluation by upper and lower endoscopy and small intestinal endoscopy if necessary. Initial treatment by medical therapy may consist of anti-inflammatory agents as well as antibiotics to treat small intestinal bacterial overgrowth. Surgical resection should be considered if refractory to treatment. Anastomotic ulcers in pediatric patients with small bowel resection should be considered as a cause of refractory iron deficiency anemia. Endoscopic evaluation should be undertaken to look for evidence of anastomotic ulcers. Surgical resection should be considered if medical therapy fails.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaunte McKay
- Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, 225 E. Chicago Ave Box #65, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
| | - Valeria Cohran
- Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, 225 E. Chicago Ave Box #65, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
| | - Lee M Bass
- Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, 225 E. Chicago Ave Box #65, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA.
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Pereira K, Tran K, McKay S. Influenza vaccination rates, barriers, and perceptions during the COVID-19 pandemic. Am J Med Sci 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/s0002-9629(23)00077-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
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Amin Y, McKay S, Patnaik A, Beaudoin E. Exploring the use of informational materials to improve access to special education services. Am J Med Sci 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/s0002-9629(23)00328-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
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Kamarajah S, Evans R, Nepogodiev D, Hodson J, Bundred J, Gockel I, Gossage J, Isik A, Kidane B, Mahendran H, Negoi I, Okonta K, Sayyed R, van Hillegersberg R, Vohra R, Wijnhoven B, Singh P, Griffiths E, Kamarajah S, Hodson J, Griffiths E, Alderson D, Bundred J, Evans R, Gossage J, Griffiths E, Jefferies B, Kamarajah S, McKay S, Mohamed I, Nepogodiev D, Siaw-Acheampong K, Singh P, van Hillegersberg R, Vohra R, Wanigasooriya K, Whitehouse T, Gjata A, Moreno J, Takeda F, Kidane B, Guevara Castro R, Harustiak T, Bekele A, Kechagias A, Gockel I, Kennedy A, Da Roit A, Bagajevas A, Azagra J, Mahendran H, Mejía-Fernández L, Wijnhoven B, El Kafsi J, Sayyed R, Sousa M, Sampaio A, Negoi I, Blanco R, Wallner B, Schneider P, Hsu P, Isik A, Gananadha S, Wills V, Devadas M, Duong C, Talbot M, Hii M, Jacobs R, Andreollo N, Johnston B, Darling G, Isaza-Restrepo A, Rosero G, Arias-Amézquita F, Raptis D, Gaedcke J, Reim D, Izbicki J, Egberts J, Dikinis S, Kjaer D, Larsen M, Achiam M, Saarnio J, Theodorou D, Liakakos T, Korkolis D, Robb W, Collins C, Murphy T, Reynolds J, Tonini V, Migliore M, Bonavina L, Valmasoni M, Bardini R, Weindelmayer J, Terashima M, White R, Alghunaim E, Elhadi M, Leon-Takahashi A, Medina-Franco H, Lau P, Okonta K, Heisterkamp J, Rosman C, van Hillegersberg R, Beban G, Babor R, Gordon A, Rossaak J, Pal K, Qureshi A, Naqi S, Syed A, Barbosa J, Vicente C, Leite J, Freire J, Casaca R, Costa R, Scurtu R, Mogoanta S, Bolca C, Constantinoiu S, Sekhniaidze D, Bjelović M, So J, Gačevski G, Loureiro C, Pera M, Bianchi A, Moreno Gijón M, Martín Fernández J, Trugeda Carrera M, Vallve-Bernal M, Cítores Pascual M, Elmahi S, Halldestam I, Hedberg J, Mönig S, Gutknecht S, Tez M, Guner A, Tirnaksiz M, Colak E, Sevinç B, Hindmarsh A, Khan I, Khoo D, Byrom R, Gokhale J, Wilkerson P, Jain P, Chan D, Robertson K, Iftikhar S, Skipworth R, Forshaw M, Higgs S, Gossage J, Nijjar R, Viswanath Y, Turner P, Dexter S, Boddy A, Allum W, Oglesby S, Cheong E, Beardsmore D, Vohra R, Maynard N, Berrisford R, Mercer S, Puig S, Melhado R, Kelty C, Underwood T, Dawas K, Lewis W, Al-Bahrani A, Bryce G, Thomas M, Arndt A, Palazzo F, Meguid R, Fergusson J, Beenen E, Mosse C, Salim J, Cheah S, Wright T, Cerdeira M, McQuillan P, Richardson M, Liem H, Spillane J, Yacob M, Albadawi F, Thorpe T, Dingle A, Cabalag C, Loi K, Fisher O, Ward S, Read M, Johnson M, Bassari R, Bui H, Cecconello I, Sallum R, da Rocha J, Lopes L, Tercioti V, Coelho J, Ferrer J, Buduhan G, Tan L, Srinathan S, Shea P, Yeung J, Allison F, Carroll P, Vargas-Barato F, Gonzalez F, Ortega J, Nino-Torres L, Beltrán-García T, Castilla L, Pineda M, Bastidas A, Gómez-Mayorga J, Cortés N, Cetares C, Caceres S, Duarte S, Pazdro A, Snajdauf M, Faltova H, Sevcikova M, Mortensen P, Katballe N, Ingemann T, Morten B, Kruhlikava I, Ainswort A, Stilling N, Eckardt J, Holm J, Thorsteinsson M, Siemsen M, Brandt B, Nega B, Teferra E, Tizazu A, Kauppila J, Koivukangas V, Meriläinen S, Gruetzmann R, Krautz C, Weber G, Golcher H, Emons G, Azizian A, Ebeling M, Niebisch S, Kreuser N, Albanese G, Hesse J, Volovnik L, Boecher U, Reeh M, Triantafyllou S, Schizas D, Michalinos A, Balli E, Mpoura M, Charalabopoulos A, Manatakis D, Balalis D, Bolger J, Baban C, Mastrosimone A, McAnena O, Quinn A, Ó Súilleabháin C, Hennessy M, Ivanovski I, Khizer H, Ravi N, Donlon N, Cervellera M, Vaccari S, Bianchini S, Sartarelli L, Asti E, Bernardi D, Merigliano S, Provenzano L, Scarpa M, Saadeh L, Salmaso B, De Manzoni G, Giacopuzzi S, La Mendola R, De Pasqual C, Tsubosa Y, Niihara M, Irino T, Makuuchi R, Ishii K, Mwachiro M, Fekadu A, Odera A, Mwachiro E, AlShehab D, Ahmed H, Shebani A, Elhadi A, Elnagar F, Elnagar H, Makkai-Popa S, Wong L, Tan Y, Thannimalai S, Ho C, Pang W, Tan J, Basave H, Cortés-González R, Lagarde S, van Lanschot J, Cords C, Jansen W, Martijnse I, Matthijsen R, Bouwense S, Klarenbeek B, Verstegen M, van Workum F, Ruurda J, van der Sluis P, de Maat M, Evenett N, Johnston P, Patel R, MacCormick A, Young M, Smith B, Ekwunife C, Memon A, Shaikh K, Wajid A, Khalil N, Haris M, Mirza Z, Qudus S, Sarwar M, Shehzadi A, Raza A, Jhanzaib M, Farmanali J, Zakir Z, Shakeel O, Nasir I, Khattak S, Baig M, MA N, Ahmed H, Naeem A, Pinho A, da Silva R, Bernardes A, Campos J, Matos H, Braga T, Monteiro C, Ramos P, Cabral F, Gomes M, Martins P, Correia A, Videira J, Ciuce C, Drasovean R, Apostu R, Ciuce C, Paitici S, Racu A, Obleaga C, Beuran M, Stoica B, Ciubotaru C, Negoita V, Cordos I, Birla R, Predescu D, Hoara P, Tomsa R, Shneider V, Agasiev M, Ganjara I, Gunjić D, Veselinović M, Babič T, Chin T, Shabbir A, Kim G, Crnjac A, Samo H, Díez del Val I, Leturio S, Ramón J, Dal Cero M, Rifá S, Rico M, Pagan Pomar A, Martinez Corcoles J, Rodicio Miravalles J, Pais S, Turienzo S, Alvarez L, Campos P, Rendo A, García S, Santos E, Martínez E, Fernández Díaz M, Magadán Álvarez C, Concepción Martín V, Díaz López C, Rosat Rodrigo A, Pérez Sánchez L, Bailón Cuadrado M, Tinoco Carrasco C, Choolani Bhojwani E, Sánchez D, Ahmed M, Dzhendov T, Lindberg F, Rutegård M, Sundbom M, Mickael C, Colucci N, Schnider A, Er S, Kurnaz E, Turkyilmaz S, Turkyilmaz A, Yildirim R, Baki B, Akkapulu N, Karahan O, Damburaci N, Hardwick R, Safranek P, Sujendran V, Bennett J, Afzal Z, Shrotri M, Chan B, Exarchou K, Gilbert T, Amalesh T, Mukherjee D, Mukherjee S, Wiggins T, Kennedy R, McCain S, Harris A, Dobson G, Davies N, Wilson I, Mayo D, Bennett D, Young R, Manby P, Blencowe N, Schiller M, Byrne B, Mitton D, Wong V, Elshaer A, Cowen M, Menon V, Tan L, McLaughlin E, Koshy R, Sharp C, Brewer H, Das N, Cox M, Al Khyatt W, Worku D, Iqbal R, Walls L, McGregor R, Fullarton G, Macdonald A, MacKay C, Craig C, Dwerryhouse S, Hornby S, Jaunoo S, Wadley M, Baker C, Saad M, Kelly M, Davies A, Di Maggio F, McKay S, Mistry P, Singhal R, Tucker O, Kapoulas S, Powell-Brett S, Davis P, Bromley G, Watson L, Verma R, Ward J, Shetty V, Ball C, Pursnani K, Sarela A, Sue Ling H, Mehta S, Hayden J, To N, Palser T, Hunter D, Supramaniam K, Butt Z, Ahmed A, Kumar S, Chaudry A, Moussa O, Kordzadeh A, Lorenzi B, Wilson M, Patil P, Noaman I, Willem J, Bouras G, Evans R, Singh M, Warrilow H, Ahmad A, Tewari N, Yanni F, Couch J, Theophilidou E, Reilly J, Singh P, van Boxel Gijs, Akbari K, Zanotti D, Sgromo B, Sanders G, Wheatley T, Ariyarathenam A, Reece-Smith A, Humphreys L, Choh C, Carter N, Knight B, Pucher P, Athanasiou A, Mohamed I, Tan B, Abdulrahman M, Vickers J, Akhtar K, Chaparala R, Brown R, Alasmar M, Ackroyd R, Patel K, Tamhankar A, Wyman A, Walker R, Grace B, Abbassi N, Slim N, Ioannidi L, Blackshaw G, Havard T, Escofet X, Powell A, Owera A, Rashid F, Jambulingam P, Padickakudi J, Ben-Younes H, Mccormack K, Makey I, Karush M, Seder C, Liptay M, Chmielewski G, Rosato E, Berger A, Zheng R, Okolo E, Singh A, Scott C, Weyant M, Mitchell J. The influence of anastomotic techniques on postoperative anastomotic complications: Results of the Oesophago-Gastric Anastomosis Audit. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2022; 164:674-684.e5. [PMID: 35249756 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtcvs.2022.01.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2021] [Revised: 12/22/2021] [Accepted: 01/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/08/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The optimal anastomotic techniques in esophagectomy to minimize rates of anastomotic leakage and conduit necrosis are not known. The aim of this study was to assess whether the anastomotic technique was associated with anastomotic failure after esophagectomy in the international Oesophago-Gastric Anastomosis Audit cohort. METHODS This prospective observational multicenter cohort study included patients undergoing esophagectomy for esophageal cancer over 9 months during 2018. The primary exposure was the anastomotic technique, classified as handsewn, linear stapled, or circular stapled. The primary outcome was anastomotic failure, namely a composite of anastomotic leakage and conduit necrosis, as defined by the Esophageal Complications Consensus Group. Multivariable logistic regression modeling was used to identify the association between anastomotic techniques and anastomotic failure, after adjustment for confounders. RESULTS Of the 2238 esophagectomies, the anastomosis was handsewn in 27.1%, linear stapled in 21.0%, and circular stapled in 51.9%. Anastomotic techniques differed significantly by the anastomosis sites (P < .001), with the majority of neck anastomoses being handsewn (69.9%), whereas most chest anastomoses were stapled (66.3% circular stapled and 19.3% linear stapled). Rates of anastomotic failure differed significantly among the anastomotic techniques (P < .001), from 19.3% in handsewn anastomoses, to 14.0% in linear stapled anastomoses, and 12.1% in circular stapled anastomoses. This effect remained significant after adjustment for confounding factors on multivariable analysis, with an odds ratio of 0.63 (95% CI, 0.46-0.86; P = .004) for circular stapled versus handsewn anastomosis. However, subgroup analysis by anastomosis site suggested that this effect was predominantly present in neck anastomoses, with anastomotic failure rates of 23.2% versus 14.6% versus 5.9% for handsewn versus linear stapled anastomoses versus circular stapled neck anastomoses, compared with 13.7% versus 13.8% versus 12.2% for chest anastomoses. CONCLUSIONS Handsewn anastomoses appear to be independently associated with higher rates of anastomotic failure compared with stapled anastomoses. However, this effect seems to be largely confined to neck anastomoses, with minimal differences between techniques observed for chest anastomoses. Further research into standardization of anastomotic approach and techniques may further improve outcomes.
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Kamarajah SK, Evans RPT, Nepogodiev D, Hodson J, Bundred JR, Gockel I, Gossage JA, Isik A, Kidane B, Mahendran HA, Negoi I, Okonta KE, Sayyed R, van Hillegersberg R, Vohra RS, Wijnhoven BPL, Singh P, Griffiths EA, Kamarajah SK, Hodson J, Griffiths EA, Alderson D, Bundred J, Evans RPT, Gossage J, Griffiths EA, Jefferies B, Kamarajah SK, McKay S, Mohamed I, Nepogodiev D, Siaw-Acheampong K, Singh P, van Hillegersberg R, Vohra R, Wanigasooriya K, Whitehouse T, Gjata A, Moreno JI, Takeda FR, Kidane B, Guevara Castro R, Harustiak T, Bekele A, Kechagias A, Gockel I, Kennedy A, Da Roit A, Bagajevas A, Azagra JS, Mahendran HA, Mejía-Fernández L, Wijnhoven BPL, El Kafsi J, Sayyed RH, Sousa M M, Sampaio AS, Negoi I, Blanco R, Wallner B, Schneider PM, Hsu PK, Isik A, Gananadha S, Wills V, Devadas M, Duong C, Talbot M, Hii MW, Jacobs R, Andreollo NA, Johnston B, Darling G, Isaza-Restrepo A, Rosero G, Arias-Amézquita F, Raptis D, Gaedcke J, Reim D, Izbicki J, Egberts JH, Dikinis S, Kjaer DW, Larsen MH, Achiam MP, Saarnio J, Theodorou D, Liakakos T, Korkolis DP, Robb WB, Collins C, Murphy T, Reynolds J, Tonini V, Migliore M, Bonavina L, Valmasoni M, Bardini R, Weindelmayer J, Terashima M, White RE, Alghunaim E, Elhadi M, Leon-Takahashi AM, Medina-Franco H, Lau PC, Okonta KE, Heisterkamp J, Rosman C, van Hillegersberg R, Beban G, Babor R, Gordon A, Rossaak JI, Pal KMI, Qureshi AU, Naqi SA, Syed AA, Barbosa J, Vicente CS, Leite J, Freire J, Casaca R, Costa RCT, Scurtu RR, Mogoanta SS, Bolca C, Constantinoiu S, Sekhniaidze D, Bjelović M, So JBY, Gačevski G, Loureiro C, Pera M, Bianchi A, Moreno Gijón M, Martín Fernández J, Trugeda Carrera MS, Vallve-Bernal M, Cítores Pascual MA, Elmahi S, Halldestam I, Hedberg J, Mönig S, Gutknecht S, Tez M, Guner A, Tirnaksiz MB, Colak E, Sevinç B, Hindmarsh A, Khan I, Khoo D, Byrom R, Gokhale J, Wilkerson P, Jain P, Chan D, Robertson K, Iftikhar S, Skipworth R, Forshaw M, Higgs S, Gossage J, Nijjar R, Viswanath YKS, Turner P, Dexter S, Boddy A, Allum WH, Oglesby S, Cheong E, Beardsmore D, Vohra R, Maynard N, Berrisford R, Mercer S, Puig S, Melhado R, Kelty C, Underwood T, Dawas K, Lewis W, Bryce G, Thomas M, Arndt AT, Palazzo F, Meguid RA, Fergusson J, Beenen E, Mosse C, Salim J, Cheah S, Wright T, Cerdeira MP, McQuillan P, Richardson M, Liem H, Spillane J, Yacob M, Albadawi F, Thorpe T, Dingle A, Cabalag C, Loi K, Fisher OM, Ward S, Read M, Johnson M, Bassari R, Bui H, Cecconello I, Sallum RAA, da Rocha JRM, Lopes LR, Tercioti Jr V, Coelho JDS, Ferrer JAP, Buduhan G, Tan L, Srinathan S, Shea P, Yeung J, Allison F, Carroll P, Vargas-Barato F, Gonzalez F, Ortega J, Nino-Torres L, Beltrán-García TC, Castilla L, Pineda M, Bastidas A, Gómez-Mayorga J, Cortés N, Cetares C, Caceres S, Duarte S, Pazdro A, Snajdauf M, Faltova H, Sevcikova M, Mortensen PB, Katballe N, Ingemann T, Morten B, Kruhlikava I, Ainswort AP, Stilling NM, Eckardt J, Holm J, Thorsteinsson M, Siemsen M, Brandt B, Nega B, Teferra E, Tizazu A, Kauppila JH, Koivukangas V, Meriläinen S, Gruetzmann R, Krautz C, Weber G, Golcher H, Emons G, Azizian A, Ebeling M, Niebisch S, Kreuser N, Albanese G, Hesse J, Volovnik L, Boecher U, Reeh M, Triantafyllou S, Schizas D, Michalinos A, Balli E, Mpoura M, Charalabopoulos A, Manatakis DK, Balalis D, Bolger J, Baban C, Mastrosimone A, McAnena O, Quinn A, Ó Súilleabháin CB, Hennessy MM, Ivanovski I, Khizer H, Ravi N, Donlon N, Cervellera M, Vaccari S, Bianchini S, Asti E, Bernardi D, Merigliano S, Provenzano L, Scarpa M, Saadeh L, Salmaso B, De Manzoni G, Giacopuzzi S, La Mendola R, De Pasqual CA, Tsubosa Y, Niihara M, Irino T, Makuuchi R, Ishii K K, Mwachiro M, Fekadu A, Odera A, Mwachiro E, AlShehab D, Ahmed HA, Shebani AO, Elhadi A, Elnagar FA, Elnagar HF, Makkai-Popa ST, Wong LF, Tan YR, Thannimalai S, Ho CA, Pang WS, Tan JH, Basave HNL, Cortés-González R, Lagarde SM, van Lanschot JJB, Cords C, Jansen WA, Martijnse I, Matthijsen R, Bouwense S, Klarenbeek B, Verstegen M, van Workum F, Ruurda JP, van der Sluis PC, de Maat M, Evenett N, Johnston P, Patel R, MacCormick A, Smith B, Ekwunife C, Memon AH, Shaikh K, Wajid A, Khalil N, Haris M, Mirza ZU, Qudus SBA, Sarwar MZ, Shehzadi A, Raza A, Jhanzaib MH, Farmanali J, Zakir Z, Shakeel O, Nasir I, Khattak S, Baig M, Noor MA, Ahmed HH, Naeem A, Pinho AC, da Silva R, Bernardes A, Campos JC, Matos H, Braga T, Monteiro C, Ramos P, Cabral F, Gomes MP, Martins PC, Correia AM, Videira JF, Ciuce C, Drasovean R, Apostu R, Ciuce C, Paitici S, Racu AE, Obleaga CV, Beuran M, Stoica B, Ciubotaru C, Negoita V, Cordos I, Birla RD, Predescu D, Hoara PA, Tomsa R, Shneider V, Agasiev M, Ganjara I, Gunjić D, Veselinović M, Babič T, Chin TS, Shabbir A, Kim G, Crnjac A, Samo H, Díez del Val I, Leturio S, Ramón JM, Dal Cero M, Rifá S, Rico M, Pagan Pomar A, Martinez Corcoles JA, Rodicio Miravalles JL, Pais SA, Turienzo SA, Alvarez LS, Campos PV, Rendo AG, García SS, Santos EPG, Martínez ET, Fernández Díaz MJ, Magadán Álvarez C, Concepción Martín V, Díaz López C, Rosat Rodrigo A, Pérez Sánchez LE, Bailón Cuadrado M, Tinoco Carrasco C, Choolani Bhojwani E, Sánchez DP, Ahmed ME, Dzhendov T, Lindberg F, Rutegård M, Sundbom M, Mickael C, Colucci N, Schnider A, Er S, Kurnaz E, Turkyilmaz S, Turkyilmaz A, Yildirim R, Baki BE, Akkapulu N, Karahan O, Damburaci N, Hardwick R, Safranek P, Sujendran V, Bennett J, Afzal Z, Shrotri M, Chan B, Exarchou K, Gilbert T, Amalesh T, Mukherjee D, Mukherjee S, Wiggins TH, Kennedy R, McCain S, Harris A, Dobson G, Davies N, Wilson I, Mayo D, Bennett D, Young R, Manby P, Blencowe N, Schiller M, Byrne B, Mitton D, Wong V, Elshaer A, Cowen M, Menon V, Tan LC, McLaughlin E, Koshy R, Sharp C, Brewer H, Das N, Cox M, Al Khyatt W, Worku D, Iqbal R, Walls L, McGregor R, Fullarton G, Macdonald A, MacKay C, Craig C, Dwerryhouse S, Hornby S, Jaunoo S, Wadley M, Baker C, Saad M, Kelly M, Davies A, Di Maggio F, McKay S, Mistry P, Singhal R, Tucker O, Kapoulas S, Powell-Brett S, Davis P, Bromley G, Watson L, Verma R, Ward J, Shetty V, Ball C, Pursnani K, Sarela A, Sue Ling H, Mehta S, Hayden J, To N, Palser T, Hunter D, Supramaniam K, Butt Z, Ahmed A, Kumar S, Chaudry A, Moussa O, Kordzadeh A, Lorenzi B, Wilson M, Patil P, Noaman I, Bouras G, Evans R, Singh M, Warrilow H, Ahmad A, Tewari N, Yanni F, Couch J, Theophilidou E, Reilly JJ, Singh P, van Boxel G, Akbari K, Zanotti D, Sanders G, Wheatley T, Ariyarathenam A, Reece-Smith A, Humphreys L, Choh C, Carter N, Knight B, Pucher P, Athanasiou A, Mohamed I, Tan B, Abdulrahman M, Vickers J, Akhtar K, Chaparala R, Brown R, Alasmar MMA, Ackroyd R, Patel K, Tamhankar A, Wyman A, Walker R, Grace B, Abbassi N, Slim N, Ioannidi L, Blackshaw G, Havard T, Escofet X, Powell A, Owera A, Rashid F, Jambulingam P, Padickakudi J, Ben-Younes H, Mccormack K, Makey IA, Karush MK, Seder CW, Liptay MJ, Chmielewski G, Rosato EL, Berger AC, Zheng R, Okolo E, Singh A, Scott CD, Weyant MJ, Mitchell JD. Textbook outcome following oesophagectomy for cancer: international cohort study. Br J Surg 2022. [DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/bjs/znac016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Textbook outcome has been proposed as a tool for the assessment of oncological surgical care. However, an international assessment in patients undergoing oesophagectomy for oesophageal cancer has not been reported. This study aimed to assess textbook outcome in an international setting.
Methods
Patients undergoing curative resection for oesophageal cancer were identified from the international Oesophagogastric Anastomosis Audit (OGAA) from April 2018 to December 2018. Textbook outcome was defined as the percentage of patients who underwent a complete tumour resection with at least 15 lymph nodes in the resected specimen and an uneventful postoperative course, without hospital readmission. A multivariable binary logistic regression model was used to identify factors independently associated with textbook outcome, and results are presented as odds ratio (OR) and 95 per cent confidence intervals (95 per cent c.i.).
Results
Of 2159 patients with oesophageal cancer, 39.7 per cent achieved a textbook outcome. The outcome parameter ‘no major postoperative complication’ had the greatest negative impact on a textbook outcome for patients with oesophageal cancer, compared to other textbook outcome parameters. Multivariable analysis identified male gender and increasing Charlson comorbidity index with a significantly lower likelihood of textbook outcome. Presence of 24-hour on-call rota for oesophageal surgeons (OR 2.05, 95 per cent c.i. 1.30 to 3.22; P = 0.002) and radiology (OR 1.54, 95 per cent c.i. 1.05 to 2.24; P = 0.027), total minimally invasive oesophagectomies (OR 1.63, 95 per cent c.i. 1.27 to 2.08; P < 0.001), and chest anastomosis above azygous (OR 2.17, 95 per cent c.i. 1.58 to 2.98; P < 0.001) were independently associated with a significantly increased likelihood of textbook outcome.
Conclusion
Textbook outcome is achieved in less than 40 per cent of patients having oesophagectomy for cancer. Improvements in centralization, hospital resources, access to minimal access surgery, and adoption of newer techniques for improving lymph node yield could improve textbook outcome.
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Kamarajah SK, Evans RPT, Nepogodiev D, Hodson J, Bundred JR, Gockel I, Gossage JA, Isik A, Kidane B, Mahendran HA, Negoi I, Okonta KE, Sayyed R, van Hillegersberg R, Vohra RS, Wijnhoven BPL, Singh P, Griffiths EA, Kamarajah SK, Hodson J, Griffiths EA, Alderson D, Bundred J, Evans RPT, Gossage J, Griffiths EA, Jefferies B, Kamarajah SK, McKay S, Mohamed I, Nepogodiev D, Siaw-Acheampong K, Singh P, van Hillegersberg R, Vohra R, Wanigasooriya K, Whitehouse T, Gjata A, Moreno JI, Takeda FR, Kidane B, Guevara Castro R, Harustiak T, Bekele A, Kechagias A, Gockel I, Kennedy A, Da Roit A, Bagajevas A, Azagra JS, Mahendran HA, Mejía-Fernández L, Wijnhoven BPL, El Kafsi J, Sayyed RH, Sousa M M, Sampaio AS, Negoi I, Blanco R, Wallner B, Schneider PM, Hsu PK, Isik A, Gananadha S, Wills V, Devadas M, Duong C, Talbot M, Hii MW, Jacobs R, Andreollo NA, Johnston B, Darling G, Isaza-Restrepo A, Rosero G, Arias-Amézquita F, Raptis D, Gaedcke J, Reim D, Izbicki J, Egberts JH, Dikinis S, Kjaer DW, Larsen MH, Achiam MP, Saarnio J, Theodorou D, Liakakos T, Korkolis DP, Robb WB, Collins C, Murphy T, Reynolds J, Tonini V, Migliore M, Bonavina L, Valmasoni M, Bardini R, Weindelmayer J, Terashima M, White RE, Alghunaim E, Elhadi M, Leon-Takahashi AM, Medina-Franco H, Lau PC, Okonta KE, Heisterkamp J, Rosman C, van Hillegersberg R, Beban G, Babor R, Gordon A, Rossaak JI, Pal KMI, Qureshi AU, Naqi SA, Syed AA, Barbosa J, Vicente CS, Leite J, Freire J, Casaca R, Costa RCT, Scurtu RR, Mogoanta SS, Bolca C, Constantinoiu S, Sekhniaidze D, Bjelović M, So JBY, Gačevski G, Loureiro C, Pera M, Bianchi A, Moreno Gijón M, Martín Fernández J, Trugeda Carrera MS, Vallve-Bernal M, Cítores Pascual MA, Elmahi S, Halldestam I, Hedberg J, Mönig S, Gutknecht S, Tez M, Guner A, Tirnaksiz MB, Colak E, Sevinç B, Hindmarsh A, Khan I, Khoo D, Byrom R, Gokhale J, Wilkerson P, Jain P, Chan D, Robertson K, Iftikhar S, Skipworth R, Forshaw M, Higgs S, Gossage J, Nijjar R, Viswanath YKS, Turner P, Dexter S, Boddy A, Allum WH, Oglesby S, Cheong E, Beardsmore D, Vohra R, Maynard N, Berrisford R, Mercer S, Puig S, Melhado R, Kelty C, Underwood T, Dawas K, Lewis W, Bryce G, Thomas M, Arndt AT, Palazzo F, Meguid RA, Fergusson J, Beenen E, Mosse C, Salim J, Cheah S, Wright T, Cerdeira MP, McQuillan P, Richardson M, Liem H, Spillane J, Yacob M, Albadawi F, Thorpe T, Dingle A, Cabalag C, Loi K, Fisher OM, Ward S, Read M, Johnson M, Bassari R, Bui H, Cecconello I, Sallum RAA, da Rocha JRM, Lopes LR, Tercioti Jr V, Coelho JDS, Ferrer JAP, Buduhan G, Tan L, Srinathan S, Shea P, Yeung J, Allison F, Carroll P, Vargas-Barato F, Gonzalez F, Ortega J, Nino-Torres L, Beltrán-García TC, Castilla L, Pineda M, Bastidas A, Gómez-Mayorga J, Cortés N, Cetares C, Caceres S, Duarte S, Pazdro A, Snajdauf M, Faltova H, Sevcikova M, Mortensen PB, Katballe N, Ingemann T, Morten B, Kruhlikava I, Ainswort AP, Stilling NM, Eckardt J, Holm J, Thorsteinsson M, Siemsen M, Brandt B, Nega B, Teferra E, Tizazu A, Kauppila JH, Koivukangas V, Meriläinen S, Gruetzmann R, Krautz C, Weber G, Golcher H, Emons G, Azizian A, Ebeling M, Niebisch S, Kreuser N, Albanese G, Hesse J, Volovnik L, Boecher U, Reeh M, Triantafyllou S, Schizas D, Michalinos A, Balli E, Mpoura M, Charalabopoulos A, Manatakis DK, Balalis D, Bolger J, Baban C, Mastrosimone A, McAnena O, Quinn A, Ó Súilleabháin CB, Hennessy MM, Ivanovski I, Khizer H, Ravi N, Donlon N, Cervellera M, Vaccari S, Bianchini S, Asti E, Bernardi D, Merigliano S, Provenzano L, Scarpa M, Saadeh L, Salmaso B, De Manzoni G, Giacopuzzi S, La Mendola R, De Pasqual CA, Tsubosa Y, Niihara M, Irino T, Makuuchi R, Ishii K K, Mwachiro M, Fekadu A, Odera A, Mwachiro E, AlShehab D, Ahmed HA, Shebani AO, Elhadi A, Elnagar FA, Elnagar HF, Makkai-Popa ST, Wong LF, Tan YR, Thannimalai S, Ho CA, Pang WS, Tan JH, Basave HNL, Cortés-González R, Lagarde SM, van Lanschot JJB, Cords C, Jansen WA, Martijnse I, Matthijsen R, Bouwense S, Klarenbeek B, Verstegen M, van Workum F, Ruurda JP, van der Sluis PC, de Maat M, Evenett N, Johnston P, Patel R, MacCormick A, Smith B, Ekwunife C, Memon AH, Shaikh K, Wajid A, Khalil N, Haris M, Mirza ZU, Qudus SBA, Sarwar MZ, Shehzadi A, Raza A, Jhanzaib MH, Farmanali J, Zakir Z, Shakeel O, Nasir I, Khattak S, Baig M, Noor MA, Ahmed HH, Naeem A, Pinho AC, da Silva R, Bernardes A, Campos JC, Matos H, Braga T, Monteiro C, Ramos P, Cabral F, Gomes MP, Martins PC, Correia AM, Videira JF, Ciuce C, Drasovean R, Apostu R, Ciuce C, Paitici S, Racu AE, Obleaga CV, Beuran M, Stoica B, Ciubotaru C, Negoita V, Cordos I, Birla RD, Predescu D, Hoara PA, Tomsa R, Shneider V, Agasiev M, Ganjara I, Gunjić D, Veselinović M, Babič T, Chin TS, Shabbir A, Kim G, Crnjac A, Samo H, Díez del Val I, Leturio S, Ramón JM, Dal Cero M, Rifá S, Rico M, Pagan Pomar A, Martinez Corcoles JA, Rodicio Miravalles JL, Pais SA, Turienzo SA, Alvarez LS, Campos PV, Rendo AG, García SS, Santos EPG, Martínez ET, Fernández Díaz MJ, Magadán Álvarez C, Concepción Martín V, Díaz López C, Rosat Rodrigo A, Pérez Sánchez LE, Bailón Cuadrado M, Tinoco Carrasco C, Choolani Bhojwani E, Sánchez DP, Ahmed ME, Dzhendov T, Lindberg F, Rutegård M, Sundbom M, Mickael C, Colucci N, Schnider A, Er S, Kurnaz E, Turkyilmaz S, Turkyilmaz A, Yildirim R, Baki BE, Akkapulu N, Karahan O, Damburaci N, Hardwick R, Safranek P, Sujendran V, Bennett J, Afzal Z, Shrotri M, Chan B, Exarchou K, Gilbert T, Amalesh T, Mukherjee D, Mukherjee S, Wiggins TH, Kennedy R, McCain S, Harris A, Dobson G, Davies N, Wilson I, Mayo D, Bennett D, Young R, Manby P, Blencowe N, Schiller M, Byrne B, Mitton D, Wong V, Elshaer A, Cowen M, Menon V, Tan LC, McLaughlin E, Koshy R, Sharp C, Brewer H, Das N, Cox M, Al Khyatt W, Worku D, Iqbal R, Walls L, McGregor R, Fullarton G, Macdonald A, MacKay C, Craig C, Dwerryhouse S, Hornby S, Jaunoo S, Wadley M, Baker C, Saad M, Kelly M, Davies A, Di Maggio F, McKay S, Mistry P, Singhal R, Tucker O, Kapoulas S, Powell-Brett S, Davis P, Bromley G, Watson L, Verma R, Ward J, Shetty V, Ball C, Pursnani K, Sarela A, Sue Ling H, Mehta S, Hayden J, To N, Palser T, Hunter D, Supramaniam K, Butt Z, Ahmed A, Kumar S, Chaudry A, Moussa O, Kordzadeh A, Lorenzi B, Wilson M, Patil P, Noaman I, Bouras G, Evans R, Singh M, Warrilow H, Ahmad A, Tewari N, Yanni F, Couch J, Theophilidou E, Reilly JJ, Singh P, van Boxel G, Akbari K, Zanotti D, Sanders G, Wheatley T, Ariyarathenam A, Reece-Smith A, Humphreys L, Choh C, Carter N, Knight B, Pucher P, Athanasiou A, Mohamed I, Tan B, Abdulrahman M, Vickers J, Akhtar K, Chaparala R, Brown R, Alasmar MMA, Ackroyd R, Patel K, Tamhankar A, Wyman A, Walker R, Grace B, Abbassi N, Slim N, Ioannidi L, Blackshaw G, Havard T, Escofet X, Powell A, Owera A, Rashid F, Jambulingam P, Padickakudi J, Ben-Younes H, Mccormack K, Makey IA, Karush MK, Seder CW, Liptay MJ, Chmielewski G, Rosato EL, Berger AC, Zheng R, Okolo E, Singh A, Scott CD, Weyant MJ, Mitchell JD. Textbook outcome following oesophagectomy for cancer: international cohort study. Br J Surg 2022; 109:439-449. [PMID: 35194634 DOI: 10.1093/bjs/znac016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2021] [Revised: 10/08/2021] [Accepted: 01/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Textbook outcome has been proposed as a tool for the assessment of oncological surgical care. However, an international assessment in patients undergoing oesophagectomy for oesophageal cancer has not been reported. This study aimed to assess textbook outcome in an international setting. METHODS Patients undergoing curative resection for oesophageal cancer were identified from the international Oesophagogastric Anastomosis Audit (OGAA) from April 2018 to December 2018. Textbook outcome was defined as the percentage of patients who underwent a complete tumour resection with at least 15 lymph nodes in the resected specimen and an uneventful postoperative course, without hospital readmission. A multivariable binary logistic regression model was used to identify factors independently associated with textbook outcome, and results are presented as odds ratio (OR) and 95 per cent confidence intervals (95 per cent c.i.). RESULTS Of 2159 patients with oesophageal cancer, 39.7 per cent achieved a textbook outcome. The outcome parameter 'no major postoperative complication' had the greatest negative impact on a textbook outcome for patients with oesophageal cancer, compared to other textbook outcome parameters. Multivariable analysis identified male gender and increasing Charlson comorbidity index with a significantly lower likelihood of textbook outcome. Presence of 24-hour on-call rota for oesophageal surgeons (OR 2.05, 95 per cent c.i. 1.30 to 3.22; P = 0.002) and radiology (OR 1.54, 95 per cent c.i. 1.05 to 2.24; P = 0.027), total minimally invasive oesophagectomies (OR 1.63, 95 per cent c.i. 1.27 to 2.08; P < 0.001), and chest anastomosis above azygous (OR 2.17, 95 per cent c.i. 1.58 to 2.98; P < 0.001) were independently associated with a significantly increased likelihood of textbook outcome. CONCLUSION Textbook outcome is achieved in less than 40 per cent of patients having oesophagectomy for cancer. Improvements in centralization, hospital resources, access to minimal access surgery, and adoption of newer techniques for improving lymph node yield could improve textbook outcome.
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Sadler K, MacLeod N, McLoone P, Burns M, McKay S. Ayrshire Men Diagnosed with Locally Advanced Prostate Cancer between 2012 and 2013; How do they do? Clin Oncol (R Coll Radiol) 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clon.2021.11.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Evans RPT, Kamarajah SK, Bundred J, Nepogodiev D, Hodson J, van Hillegersberg R, Gossage J, Vohra R, Griffiths EA, Singh P, Evans RPT, Hodson J, Kamarajah SK, Griffiths EA, Singh P, Alderson D, Bundred J, Evans RPT, Gossage J, Griffiths EA, Jefferies B, Kamarajah SK, McKay S, Mohamed I, Nepogodiev D, Siaw- Acheampong K, Singh P, van Hillegersberg R, Vohra R, Wanigasooriya K, Whitehouse T, Gjata A, Moreno JI, Takeda FR, Kidane B, Guevara Castro R, Harustiak T, Bekele A, Kechagias A, Gockel I, Kennedy A, Da Roit A, Bagajevas A, Azagra JS, Mahendran HA, Mejía-Fernández L, Wijnhoven BPL, El Kafsi J, Sayyed RH, Sousa M, Sampaio AS, Negoi I, Blanco R, Wallner B, Schneider PM, Hsu PK, Isik A, Gananadha S, Wills V, Devadas M, Duong C, Talbot M, Hii MW, Jacobs R, Andreollo NA, Johnston B, Darling G, Isaza-Restrepo A, Rosero G, Arias-Amézquita F, Raptis D, Gaedcke J, Reim D, Izbicki J, Egberts JH, Dikinis S, Kjaer DW, Larsen MH, Achiam MP, Saarnio J, Theodorou D, Liakakos T, Korkolis DP, Robb WB, Collins C, Murphy T, Reynolds J, Tonini V, Migliore M, Bonavina L, Valmasoni M, Bardini R, Weindelmayer J, Terashima M, White RE, Alghunaim E, Elhadi M, Leon-Takahashi AM, Medina-Franco H, Lau PC, Okonta KE, Heisterkamp J, Rosman C, van Hillegersberg R, Beban G, Babor R, Gordon A, Rossaak JI, Pal KMI, Qureshi AU, Naqi SA, Syed AA, Barbosa J, Vicente CS, Leite J, Freire J, Casaca R, Costa RCT, Scurtu RR, Mogoanta SS, Bolca C, Constantinoiu S, Sekhniaidze D, Bjelović M, So JBY, Gačevski G, Loureiro C, Pera M, Bianchi A, Moreno Gijón M, Martín Fernández J, Trugeda Carrera MS, Vallve-Bernal M, Cítores Pascual MA, Elmahi S, Hedberg J, Mönig S, Gutknecht S, Tez M, Guner A, Tirnaksiz TB, Colak E, Sevinç B, Hindmarsh A, Khan I, Khoo D, Byrom R, Gokhale J, Wilkerson P, Jain P, Chan D, Robertson K, Iftikhar S, Skipworth R, Forshaw M, Higgs S, Gossage J, Nijjar R, Viswanath YKS, Turner P, Dexter S, Boddy A, Allum WH, Oglesby S, Cheong E, Beardsmore D, Vohra R, Maynard N, Berrisford R, Mercer S, Puig S, Melhado R, Kelty C, Underwood T, Dawas K, Lewis W, Al-Bahrani A, Bryce G, Thomas M, Arndt AT, Palazzo F, Meguid RA, Fergusson J, Beenen E, Mosse C, Salim J, Cheah S, Wright T, Cerdeira MP, McQuillan P, Richardson M, Liem H, Spillane J, Yacob M, Albadawi F, Thorpe T, Dingle A, Cabalag C, Loi K, Fisher OM, Ward S, Read M, Johnson M, Bassari R, Bui H, Cecconello I, Sallum RAA, da Rocha JRM, Lopes LR, Tercioti V, Coelho JDS, Ferrer JAP, Buduhan G, Tan L, Srinathan S, Shea P, Yeung J, Allison F, Carroll P, Vargas-Barato F, Gonzalez F, Ortega J, Nino-Torres L, Beltrán-García TC, Castilla L, Pineda M, Bastidas A, Gómez-Mayorga J, Cortés N, Cetares C, Caceres S, Duarte S, Pazdro A, Snajdauf M, Faltova H, Sevcikova M, Mortensen PB, Katballe N, Ingemann T, Morten B, Kruhlikava I, Ainswort AP, Stilling NM, Eckardt J, Holm J, Thorsteinsson M, Siemsen M, Brandt B, Nega B, Teferra E, Tizazu A, Kauppila JS, Koivukangas V, Meriläinen S, Gruetzmann R, Krautz C, Weber G, Golcher H, Emons G, Azizian A, Ebeling M, Niebisch S, Kreuser N, Albanese G, Hesse J, Volovnik L, Boecher U, Reeh M, Triantafyllou S, Schizas D, Michalinos A, Baili E, Mpoura M, Charalabopoulos A, Manatakis DK, Balalis D, Bolger J, Baban C, Mastrosimone A, McAnena O, Quinn A, Súilleabháin CBÓ, Hennessy MM, Ivanovski I, Khizer H, Ravi N, Donlon N, Cervellera M, Vaccari S, Bianchini S, Sartarelli L, Asti E, Bernardi D, Merigliano S, Provenzano L, Scarpa M, Saadeh L, Salmaso B, De Manzoni G, Giacopuzzi S, La Mendola R, De Pasqual CA, Tsubosa Y, Niihara M, Irino T, Makuuchi R, Ishii K, Mwachiro M, Fekadu A, Odera A, Mwachiro E, AlShehab D, Ahmed HA, Shebani AO, Elhadi A, Elnagar FA, Elnagar HF, Makkai-Popa ST, Wong LF, Yunrong T, Thanninalai S, Aik HC, Soon PW, Huei TJ, Basave HNL, Cortés-González R, Lagarde SM, van Lanschot JJB, Cords C, Jansen WA, Martijnse I, Matthijsen R, Bouwense S, Klarenbeek B, Verstegen M, van Workum F, Ruurda JP, van der Veen A, van den Berg JW, Evenett N, Johnston P, Patel R, MacCormick A, Young M, Smith B, Ekwunife C, Memon AH, Shaikh K, Wajid A, Khalil N, Haris M, Mirza ZU, Qudus SBA, Sarwar MZ, Shehzadi A, Raza A, Jhanzaib MH, Farmanali J, Zakir Z, Shakeel O, Nasir I, Khattak S, Baig M, Noor MA, Ahmed HH, Naeem A, Pinho AC, da Silva R, Matos H, Braga T, Monteiro C, Ramos P, Cabral F, Gomes MP, Martins PC, Correia AM, Videira JF, Ciuce C, Drasovean R, Apostu R, Ciuce C, Paitici S, Racu AE, Obleaga CV, Beuran M, Stoica B, Ciubotaru C, Negoita V, Cordos I, Birla RD, Predescu D, Hoara PA, Tomsa R, Shneider V, Agasiev M, Ganjara I, Gunjić D, Veselinović M, Babič T, Chin TS, Shabbir A, Kim G, Crnjac A, Samo H, Díez del Val I, Leturio S, Díez del Val I, Leturio S, Ramón JM, Dal Cero M, Rifá S, Rico M, Pagan Pomar A, Martinez Corcoles JA, Rodicio Miravalles JL, Pais SA, Turienzo SA, Alvarez LS, Campos PV, Rendo AG, García SS, Santos EPG, Martínez ET, Fernández Díaz MJ, Magadán Álvarez C, Concepción Martín V, Díaz López C, Rosat Rodrigo A, Pérez Sánchez LE, Bailón Cuadrado M, Tinoco Carrasco C, Choolani Bhojwani E, Sánchez DP, Ahmed ME, Dzhendov T, Lindberg F, Rutegård M, Sundbom M, Mickael C, Colucci N, Schnider A, Er S, Kurnaz E, Turkyilmaz S, Turkyilmaz A, Yildirim R, Baki BE, Akkapulu N, Karahan O, Damburaci N, Hardwick R, Safranek P, Sujendran V, Bennett J, Afzal Z, Shrotri M, Chan B, Exarchou K, Gilbert T, Amalesh T, Mukherjee D, Mukherjee S, Wiggins TH, Kennedy R, McCain S, Harris A, Dobson G, Davies N, Wilson I, Mayo D, Bennett D, Young R, Manby P, Blencowe N, Schiller M, Byrne B, Mitton D, Wong V, Elshaer A, Cowen M, Menon V, Tan LC, McLaughlin E, Koshy R, Sharp C, Brewer H, Das N, Cox M, Al Khyatt W, Worku D, Iqbal R, Walls L, McGregor R, Fullarton G, Macdonald A, MacKay C, Craig C, Dwerryhouse S, Hornby S, Jaunoo S, Wadley M, Baker C, Saad M, Kelly M, Davies A, Di Maggio F, McKay S, Mistry P, Singhal R, Tucker O, Kapoulas S, Powell-Brett S, Davis P, Bromley G, Watson L, Verma R, Ward J, Shetty V, Ball C, Pursnani K, Sarela A, Sue Ling H, Mehta S, Hayden J, To N, Palser T, Hunter D, Supramaniam K, Butt Z, Ahmed A, Kumar S, Chaudry A, Moussa O, Kordzadeh A, Lorenzi B, Wilson M, Patil P, Noaman I, Willem J, Bouras G, Evans R, Singh M, Warrilow H, Ahmad A, Tewari N, Yanni F, Couch J, Theophilidou E, Reilly JJ, Singh P, van Boxel G, Akbari K, Zanotti D, Sgromo B, Sanders G, Wheatley T, Ariyarathenam A, Reece-Smith A, Humphreys L, Choh C, Carter N, Knight B, Pucher P, Athanasiou A, Mohamed I, Tan B, Abdulrahman M, Vickers J, Akhtar K, Chaparala R, Brown R, Alasmar MMA, Ackroyd R, Patel K, Tamhankar A, Wyman A, Walker R, Grace B, Abbassi N, Slim N, Ioannidi L, Blackshaw G, Havard T, Escofet X, Powell A, Owera A, Rashid F, Jambulingam P, Padickakudi J, Ben-Younes H, McCormack K, Makey IA, Karush MK, Seder CW, Liptay MJ, Chmielewski G, Rosato EL, Berger AC, Zheng R, Okolo E, Singh A, Scott CD, Weyant MJ, Mitchell JD. Postoperative outcomes in oesophagectomy with trainee involvement. BJS Open 2021; 5:zrab132. [PMID: 35038327 PMCID: PMC8763367 DOI: 10.1093/bjsopen/zrab132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2021] [Accepted: 11/15/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The complexity of oesophageal surgery and the significant risk of morbidity necessitates that oesophagectomy is predominantly performed by a consultant surgeon, or a senior trainee under their supervision. The aim of this study was to determine the impact of trainee involvement in oesophagectomy on postoperative outcomes in an international multicentre setting. METHODS Data from the multicentre Oesophago-Gastric Anastomosis Study Group (OGAA) cohort study were analysed, which comprised prospectively collected data from patients undergoing oesophagectomy for oesophageal cancer between April 2018 and December 2018. Procedures were grouped by the level of trainee involvement, and univariable and multivariable analyses were performed to compare patient outcomes across groups. RESULTS Of 2232 oesophagectomies from 137 centres in 41 countries, trainees were involved in 29.1 per cent of them (n = 650), performing only the abdominal phase in 230, only the chest and/or neck phases in 130, and all phases in 315 procedures. For procedures with a chest anastomosis, those with trainee involvement had similar 90-day mortality, complication and reoperation rates to consultant-performed oesophagectomies (P = 0.451, P = 0.318, and P = 0.382, respectively), while anastomotic leak rates were significantly lower in the trainee groups (P = 0.030). Procedures with a neck anastomosis had equivalent complication, anastomotic leak, and reoperation rates (P = 0.150, P = 0.430, and P = 0.632, respectively) in trainee-involved versus consultant-performed oesophagectomies, with significantly lower 90-day mortality in the trainee groups (P = 0.005). CONCLUSION Trainee involvement was not found to be associated with significantly inferior postoperative outcomes for selected patients undergoing oesophagectomy. The results support continued supervised trainee involvement in oesophageal cancer surgery.
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Kamarajah S, Nepogodiev D, Bekele A, Cecconello I, Evans R, Guner A, Gossage J, Harustiak T, Hodson J, Isik A, Kidane B, Leon-Takahashi A, Mahendran H, Negoi I, Okonta K, Rosero G, Sayyed R, Singh P, Takeda F, van Hillegersberg R, Vohra R, White R, Griffiths E, Alderson D, Bundred J, Evans R, Gossage J, Griffiths E, Jefferies B, Kamarajah S, McKay S, Mohamed I, Nepogodiev D, Siaw- Acheampong K, Singh P, van Hillegersberg R, Vohra R, Wanigasooriya K, Whitehouse T, Gjata A, Moreno J, Takeda F, Kidane B, Guevara CR, Harustiak T, Bekele A, Kechagias A, Gockel I, Kennedy A, Da Roit A, Bagajevas A, Azagra J, Mahendran H, Mejía-Fernández L, Wijnhoven B, El Kafsi J, Sayyed R, Sousa M, Sampaio A, Negoi I, Blanco R, Wallner B, Schneider P, Hsu P, Isik A, Gananadha S, Wills V, Devadas M, Duong C, Talbot M, Hii M, Jacobs R, Andreollo N, Johnston B, Darling G, Isaza-Restrepo A, Rosero G, Arias- Amézquita F, Raptis D, Gaedcke J, Reim D, Izbicki J, Egberts J, Dikinis S, Kjaer D, Larsen M, Achiam M, Saarnio J, Theodorou D, Liakakos T, Korkolis D, Robb W, Collins C, Murphy T, Reynolds J, Tonini V, Migliore M, Bonavina L, Valmasoni M, Bardini R, Weindelmayer J, Terashima M, White R, Alghunaim E, Elhadi M, Leon-Takahashi A, Medina-Franco H, Lau P, Okonta K, Heisterkamp J, Rosman C, van Hillegersberg R, Beban G, Babor R, Gordon A, Rossaak J, Pal K, Qureshi A, Naqi S, Syed A, Barbosa J, Vicente C, Leite J, Freire J, Casaca R, Costa R, Scurtu R, Mogoanta S, Bolca C, Constantinoiu S, Sekhniaidze D, Bjelović M, So J, Gačevski G, Loureiro C, Pera M, Bianchi A, Moreno GM, Martín Fernández J, Trugeda Carrera M, Vallve-Bernal M, Cítores Pascual M, Elmahi S, Halldestam I, Hedberg J, Mönig S, Gutknecht S, Tez M, Guner A, Tirnaksiz M, Colak E, Sevinç B, Hindmarsh A, Khan I, Khoo D, Byrom R, Gokhale J, Wilkerson P, Jain P, Chan D, Robertson K, Iftikhar S, Skipworth R, Forshaw M, Higgs S, Gossage J, Nijjar R, Viswanath Y, Turner P, Dexter S, Boddy A, Allum W, Oglesby S, Cheong E, Beardsmore D, Vohra R, Maynard N, Berrisford R, Mercer S, Puig S, Melhado R, Kelty C, Underwood T, Dawas K, Lewis W, Al-Bahrani A, Bryce G, Thomas M, Arndt A, Palazzo F, Meguid R, Fergusson J, Beenen E, Mosse C, Salim J, Cheah S, Wright T, Cerdeira M, McQuillan P, Richardson M, Liem H, Spillane J, Yacob M, Albadawi F, Thorpe T, Dingle A, Cabalag C, Loi K, Fisher O, Ward S, Read M, Johnson M, Bassari R, Bui H, Cecconello I, Sallum R, da Rocha J, Lopes L, Tercioti V, Coelho J, Ferrer J, Buduhan G, Tan L, Srinathan S, Shea P, Yeung J, Allison F, Carroll P, Vargas-Barato F, Gonzalez F, Ortega J, Nino-Torres L, Beltrán-García T, Castilla L, Pineda M, Bastidas A, Gómez-Mayorga J, Cortés N, Cetares C, Caceres S, Duarte S, Pazdro A, Snajdauf M, Faltova H, Sevcikova M, Mortensen P, Katballe N, Ingemann T, Morten B, Kruhlikava I, Ainswort A, Stilling N, Eckardt J, Holm J, Thorsteinsson M, Siemsen M, Brandt B, Nega B, Teferra E, Tizazu A, Kauppila J, Koivukangas V, Meriläinen S, Gruetzmann R, Krautz C, Weber G, Golcher H, Emons G, Azizian A, Ebeling M, Niebisch S, Kreuser N, Albanese G, Hesse J, Volovnik L, Boecher U, Reeh M, Triantafyllou S, Schizas D, Michalinos A, Mpali E, Mpoura M, Charalabopoulos A, Manatakis D, Balalis D, Bolger J, Baban C, Mastrosimone A, McAnena O, Quinn A, Ó Súilleabháin C, Hennessy M, Ivanovski I, Khizer H, Ravi N, Donlon N, Cervellera M, Vaccari S, Bianchini S, Sartarelli L, Asti E, Bernardi D, Merigliano S, Provenzano L, Scarpa M, Saadeh L, Salmaso B, De Manzoni G, Giacopuzzi S, La Mendola R, De Pasqual C, Tsubosa Y, Niihara M, Irino T, Makuuchi R, Ishii K, Mwachiro M, Fekadu A, Odera A, Mwachiro E, AlShehab D, Ahmed H, Shebani A, Elhadi A, Elnagar F, Elnagar H, Makkai-Popa S, Wong L, Tan Y, Thannimalai S, Ho C, Pang W, Tan J, Basave H, Cortés-González R, Lagarde S, van Lanschot J, Cords C, Jansen W, Martijnse I, Matthijsen R, Bouwense S, Klarenbeek B, Verstegen M, van Workum F, Ruurda J, van der Sluis P, de Maat M, Evenett N, Johnston P, Patel R, MacCormick A, Young M, Smith B, Ekwunife C, Memon A, Shaikh K, Wajid A, Khalil N, Haris M, Mirza Z, Qudus S, Sarwar M, Shehzadi A, Raza A, Jhanzaib M, Farmanali J, Zakir Z, Shakeel O, Nasir I, Khattak S, Baig M, Noor M, Ahmed H, Naeem A, Pinho A, da Silva R, Bernardes A, Campos J, Matos H, Braga T, Monteiro C, Ramos P, Cabral F, Gomes M, Martins P, Correia A, Videira J, Ciuce C, Drasovean R, Apostu R, Ciuce C, Paitici S, Racu A, Obleaga C, Beuran M, Stoica B, Ciubotaru C, Negoita V, Cordos I, Birla R, Predescu D, Hoara P, Tomsa R, Shneider V, Agasiev M, Ganjara I, Gunjić D, Veselinović M, Babič T, Chin T, Shabbir A, Kim G, Crnjac A, Samo H, Díez del Val I, Leturio S, Ramón J, Dal Cero M, Rifá S, Rico M, Pagan Pomar A, Martinez Corcoles J, Rodicio Miravalles J, Pais S, Turienzo S, Alvarez L, Campos P, Rendo A, García S, Santos E, Martínez E, Fernández DMJ, Magadán ÁC, Concepción MV, Díaz LC, Rosat RA, Pérez SLE, Bailón CM, Tinoco CC, Choolani Bhojwani E, Sánchez D, Ahmed M, Dzhendov T, Lindberg F, Rutegård M, Sundbom M, Mickael C, Colucci N, Schnider A, Er S, Kurnaz E, Turkyilmaz S, Turkyilmaz A, Yildirim R, Baki B, Akkapulu N, Karahan O, Damburaci N, Hardwick R, Safranek P, Sujendran V, Bennett J, Afzal Z, Shrotri M, Chan B, Exarchou K, Gilbert T, Amalesh T, Mukherjee D, Mukherjee S, Wiggins T, Kennedy R, McCain S, Harris A, Dobson G, Davies N, Wilson I, Mayo D, Bennett D, Young R, Manby P, Blencowe N, Schiller M, Byrne B, Mitton D, Wong V, Elshaer A, Cowen M, Menon V, Tan L, McLaughlin E, Koshy R, Sharp C, Brewer H, Das N, Cox M, Al Khyatt W, Worku D, Iqbal R, Walls L, McGregor R, Fullarton G, Macdonald A, MacKay C, Craig C, Dwerryhouse S, Hornby S, Jaunoo S, Wadley M, Baker C, Saad M, Kelly M, Davies A, Di Maggio F, McKay S, Mistry P, Singhal R, Tucker O, Kapoulas S, Powell-Brett S, Davis P, Bromley G, Watson L, Verma R, Ward J, Shetty V, Ball C, Pursnani K, Sarela A, Sue LH, Mehta S, Hayden J, To N, Palser T, Hunter D, Supramaniam K, Butt Z, Ahmed A, Kumar S, Chaudry A, Moussa O, Kordzadeh A, Lorenzi B, Wilson M, Patil P, Noaman I, Willem J, Bouras G, Evans R, Singh M, Warrilow H, Ahmad A, Tewari N, Yanni F, Couch J, Theophilidou E, Reilly J, Singh P, van Boxel G, Akbari K, Zanotti D, Sgromo B, Sanders G, Wheatley T, Ariyarathenam A, Reece-Smith A, Humphreys L, Choh C, Carter N, Knight B, Pucher P, Athanasiou A, Mohamed I, Tan B, Abdulrahman M, Vickers J, Akhtar K, Chaparala R, Brown R, Alasmar M, Ackroyd R, Patel K, Tamhankar A, Wyman A, Walker R, Grace B, Abbassi N, Slim N, Ioannidi L, Blackshaw G, Havard T, Escofet X, Powell A, Owera A, Rashid F, Jambulingam P, Padickakudi J, Ben-Younes H, Mccormack K, Makey I, Karush M, Seder C, Liptay M, Chmielewski G, Rosato E, Berger A, Zheng R, Okolo E, Singh A, Scott C, Weyant M, Mitchell J. Mortality from esophagectomy for esophageal cancer across low, middle, and high-income countries: An international cohort study. Eur J Surg Oncol 2021; 47:1481-1488. [PMID: 33451919 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejso.2020.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2020] [Accepted: 12/09/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND No evidence currently exists characterising global outcomes following major cancer surgery, including esophageal cancer. Therefore, this study aimed to characterise impact of high income countries (HIC) versus low and middle income countries (LMIC) on the outcomes following esophagectomy for esophageal cancer. METHOD This international multi-center prospective study across 137 hospitals in 41 countries included patients who underwent an esophagectomy for esophageal cancer, with 90-day follow-up. The main explanatory variable was country income, defined according to the World Bank Data classification. The primary outcome was 90-day postoperative mortality, and secondary outcomes were composite leaks (anastomotic leak or conduit necrosis) and major complications (Clavien-Dindo Grade III - V). Multivariable generalized estimating equation models were used to produce adjusted odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CI95%). RESULTS Between April 2018 to December 2018, 2247 patients were included. Patients from HIC were more significantly older, with higher ASA grade, and more advanced tumors. Patients from LMIC had almost three-fold increase in 90-day mortality, compared to HIC (9.4% vs 3.7%, p < 0.001). On adjusted analysis, LMIC were independently associated with higher 90-day mortality (OR: 2.31, CI95%: 1.17-4.55, p = 0.015). However, LMIC were not independently associated with higher rates of anastomotic leaks (OR: 1.06, CI95%: 0.57-1.99, p = 0.9) or major complications (OR: 0.85, CI95%: 0.54-1.32, p = 0.5), compared to HIC. CONCLUSION Resections in LMIC were independently associated with higher 90-day postoperative mortality, likely reflecting a failure to rescue of these patients following esophagectomy, despite similar composite anastomotic leaks and major complication rates to HIC. These findings warrant further research, to identify potential issues and solutions to improve global outcomes following esophagectomy for cancer.
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Fergusson J, Beenen E, Mosse C, Salim J, Cheah S, Wright T, Cerdeira MP, McQuillan P, Richardson M, Liem H, Spillane J, Yacob M, Albadawi F, Thorpe T, Dingle A, Cabalag C, Loi K, Fisher OM, Ward S, Read M, Johnson M, Bassari R, Bui H, Cecconello I, Sallum RAA, da Rocha JRM, Lopes LR, Tercioti V, Coelho JDS, Ferrer JAP, Buduhan G, Tan L, Srinathan S, Shea P, Yeung J, Allison F, Carroll P, Vargas-Barato F, Gonzalez F, Ortega J, Nino-Torres L, Beltrán-García TC, Castilla L, Pineda M, Bastidas A, Gómez-Mayorga J, Cortés N, Cetares C, Caceres S, Duarte S, Pazdro A, Snajdauf M, Faltova H, Sevcikova M, Mortensen PB, Katballe N, Ingemann T, Morten B, Kruhlikava I, Ainswort AP, Stilling NM, Eckardt J, Holm J, Thorsteinsson M, Siemsen M, Brandt B, Nega B, Teferra E, Tizazu A, Kauppila JS, Koivukangas V, Meriläinen S, Gruetzmann R, Krautz C, Weber G, Golcher H, Emons G, Azizian A, Ebeling M, Niebisch S, Kreuser N, Albanese G, Hesse J, Volovnik L, Boecher U, Reeh M, Triantafyllou S, Schizas D, Michalinos A, Mpali E, Mpoura M, Charalabopoulos A, Manatakis DK, Balalis D, Bolger J, Baban C, Mastrosimone A, McAnena O, Quinn A, Ó Súilleabháin CB, Hennessy MM, Ivanovski I, Khizer H, Ravi N, Donlon N, Cervellera M, Vaccari S, Bianchini S, Sartarelli L, Asti E, Bernardi D, Merigliano S, Provenzano L, Scarpa M, Saadeh L, Salmaso B, De Manzoni G, Giacopuzzi S, La Mendola R, De Pasqual CA, Tsubosa Y, Niihara M, Irino T, Makuuchi R, Ishii K, Mwachiro M, Fekadu A, Odera A, Mwachiro E, AlShehab D, Ahmed HA, Shebani AO, Elhadi A, Elnagar FA, Elnagar HF, Makkai-Popa ST, Wong LF, Yunrong T, Thanninalai S, Aik HC, Soon PW, Huei TJ, Basave HNL, Cortés-González R, Lagarde SM, van Lanschot JJB, Cords C, Jansen WA, Martijnse I, Matthijsen R, Bouwense S, Klarenbeek B, Verstegen M, van Workum F, Ruurda JP, van der Sluis PC, de Maat M, Evenett N, Johnston P, Patel R, MacCormick A, Young M, Smith B, Ekwunife C, Memon AH, Shaikh K, Wajid A, Khalil N, Haris M, Mirza ZU, Qudus SBA, Sarwar MZ, Shehzadi A, Raza A, Jhanzaib MH, Farmanali J, Zakir Z, Shakeel O, Nasir I, Khattak S, Baig M, Noor MA, Ahmed HH, Naeem A, Pinho AC, da Silva R, Matos H, Braga T, Monteiro C, Ramos P, Cabral F, Gomes MP, Martins PC, Correia AM, Videira JF, Ciuce C, Drasovean R, Apostu R, Ciuce C, Paitici S, Racu AE, Obleaga CV, Beuran M, Stoica B, Ciubotaru C, Negoita V, Cordos I, Birla RD, Predescu D, Hoara PA, Tomsa R, Shneider V, Agasiev M, Ganjara I, Gunjic´ D, Veselinovic´ M, Babič T, Chin TS, Shabbir A, Kim G, Crnjac A, Samo H, Díez del Val I, Leturio S, Díez del Val I, Leturio S, Ramón JM, Dal Cero M, Rifá S, Rico M, Pagan Pomar A, Martinez Corcoles JA, Rodicio Miravalles JL, Pais SA, Turienzo SA, Alvarez LS, Campos PV, Rendo AG, García SS, Santos EPG, Martínez ET, Fernández Díaz MJ, Magadán Álvarez C, Concepción Martín V, Díaz López C, Rosat Rodrigo A, Pérez Sánchez LE, Bailón Cuadrado M, Tinoco Carrasco C, Choolani Bhojwani E, Sánchez DP, Ahmed ME, Dzhendov T, Lindberg F, Rutegård M, Sundbom M, Mickael C, Colucci N, Schnider A, Er S, Kurnaz E, Turkyilmaz S, Turkyilmaz A, Yildirim R, Baki BE, Akkapulu N, Karahan O, Damburaci N, Hardwick R, Safranek P, Sujendran V, Bennett J, Afzal Z, Shrotri M, Chan B, Exarchou K, Gilbert T, Amalesh T, Mukherjee D, Mukherjee S, Wiggins TH, Kennedy R, McCain S, Harris A, Dobson G, Davies N, Wilson I, Mayo D, Bennett D, Young R, Manby P, Blencowe N, Schiller M, Byrne B, Mitton D, Wong V, Elshaer A, Cowen M, Menon V, Tan LC, McLaughlin E, Koshy R, Sharp C, Brewer H, Das N, Cox M, Al Khyatt W, Worku D, Iqbal R, Walls L, McGregor R, Fullarton G, Macdonald A, MacKay C, Craig C, Dwerryhouse S, Hornby S, Jaunoo S, Wadley M, Baker C, Saad M, Kelly M, Davies A, Di Maggio F, McKay S, Mistry P, Singhal R, Tucker O, Kapoulas S, Powell-Brett S, Davis P, Bromley G, Watson L, Verma R, Ward J, Shetty V, Ball C, Pursnani K, Sarela A, Sue Ling H, Mehta S, Hayden J, To N, Palser T, Hunter D, Supramaniam K, Butt Z, Ahmed A, Kumar S, Chaudry A, Moussa O, Kordzadeh A, Lorenzi B, Willem J, Bouras G, Evans R, Singh M, Warrilow H, Ahmad A, Tewari N, Yanni F, Couch J, Theophilidou E, Reilly JJ, Singh P, van Boxel G, Akbari K, Zanotti D, Sgromo B, Sanders G, Wheatley T, Ariyarathenam A, Reece-Smith A, Humphreys L, Choh C, Carter N, Knight B, Pucher P, Athanasiou A, Mohamed I, Tan B, Abdulrahman M, Vickers J, Akhtar K, Chaparala R, Brown R, Alasmar MMA, Ackroyd R, Patel K, Tamhankar A, Wyman A, Walker R, Grace B, Abbassi N, Slim N, Ioannidi L, Blackshaw G, Havard T, Escofet X, Powell A, Owera A, Rashid F, Jambulingam P, Padickakudi J, Ben-Younes H, Mccormack K, Makey IA, Karush MK, Seder CW, Liptay MJ, Chmielewski G, Rosato EL, Berger AC, Zheng R, Okolo E, Singh A, Scott CD, Weyant MJ, Mitchell JD. Comparison of short-term outcomes from the International Oesophago-Gastric Anastomosis Audit (OGAA), the Esophagectomy Complications Consensus Group (ECCG), and the Dutch Upper Gastrointestinal Cancer Audit (DUCA). BJS Open 2021; 5:zrab010. [PMID: 35179183 PMCID: PMC8140199 DOI: 10.1093/bjsopen/zrab010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2020] [Accepted: 01/27/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Esophagectomy Complications Consensus Group (ECCG) and the Dutch Upper Gastrointestinal Cancer Audit (DUCA) have set standards in reporting outcomes after oesophagectomy. Reporting outcomes from selected high-volume centres or centralized national cancer programmes may not, however, be reflective of the true global prevalence of complications. This study aimed to compare complication rates after oesophagectomy from these existing sources with those of an unselected international cohort from the Oesophago-Gastric Anastomosis Audit (OGAA). METHODS The OGAA was a prospective multicentre cohort study coordinated by the West Midlands Research Collaborative, and included patients undergoing oesophagectomy for oesophageal cancer between April and December 2018, with 90 days of follow-up. RESULTS The OGAA study included 2247 oesophagectomies across 137 hospitals in 41 countries. Comparisons with the ECCG and DUCA found differences in baseline demographics between the three cohorts, including age, ASA grade, and rates of chronic pulmonary disease. The OGAA had the lowest rates of neoadjuvant treatment (OGAA 75.1 per cent, ECCG 78.9 per cent, DUCA 93.5 per cent; P < 0.001). DUCA exhibited the highest rates of minimally invasive surgery (OGAA 57.2 per cent, ECCG 47.9 per cent, DUCA 85.8 per cent; P < 0.001). Overall complication rates were similar in the three cohorts (OGAA 63.6 per cent, ECCG 59.0 per cent, DUCA 62.2 per cent), with no statistically significant difference in Clavien-Dindo grades (P = 0.752). However, a significant difference in 30-day mortality was observed, with DUCA reporting the lowest rate (OGAA 3.2 per cent, ECCG 2.4 per cent, DUCA 1.7 per cent; P = 0.013). CONCLUSION Despite differences in rates of co-morbidities, oncological treatment strategies, and access to minimal-access surgery, overall complication rates were similar in the three cohorts.
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Hann A, Lembach H, Dassanayake B, Carvalheiro A, McKay S, Rajoriya N, Armstrong MJ, Bartlett D, David M, Perera MTPR. Severe Sepsis Mimicking Primary Nonfunction Following Liver Transplantation: Normothermic Machine Perfusion Is a Potential Environment for Bacterial Overgrowth and Transmission From Donor to Recipient. A Case Report. Transplant Proc 2020; 52:2781-2785. [PMID: 32741664 DOI: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2020.06.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2020] [Accepted: 06/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Primary nonfunction (PNF) in the early postoperative period following liver transplantation is fatal if not managed appropriately with early retransplantation. Severe early allograft dysfunction can mimic PNF. The identification of treatable causative factors such as sepsis, hepatic artery, or portal vein thrombosis is essential to distinguish it from PNF, and their early management may avoid the need for retransplantation. In this article, we describe a case of sepsis-induced severe liver dysfunction from a contaminated graft perfused with normothermic machine perfusion (NMP), which presented in a manner similar to PNF. The implications of graft contamination are poorly described. To our knowledge, this is the first report of bacterial contamination of a graft that underwent NMP and subsequently caused severe sepsis in the recipient. The conditions created with NMP may be optimal for certain micro-organisms to thrive. The role of the liver in the immune system is complex as it provides an essential barrier to enterically derived portal venous pathogens and produces numerous acute phase proteins that augment the systemic immune response. Additionally, the liver is also known to restrain harmful and excessive systemic immune responses such as those that occur with the sepsis syndrome. The relationship between bacterial graft contamination, sepsis, and graft dysfunction may be multidirectional.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Hann
- The Liver Unit, Queen Elizabeth Hospital Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - H Lembach
- The Liver Unit, Queen Elizabeth Hospital Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - B Dassanayake
- The Liver Unit, Queen Elizabeth Hospital Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - A Carvalheiro
- The Liver Unit, Queen Elizabeth Hospital Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - S McKay
- The Liver Unit, Queen Elizabeth Hospital Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - N Rajoriya
- The Liver Unit, Queen Elizabeth Hospital Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - M J Armstrong
- The Liver Unit, Queen Elizabeth Hospital Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - D Bartlett
- The Liver Unit, Queen Elizabeth Hospital Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - M David
- Department of Microbiology, Queen Elizabeth Hospital Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - M T P R Perera
- The Liver Unit, Queen Elizabeth Hospital Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom.
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Evans RPT, Singh P, Nepogodiev D, Bundred J, Kamarajah S, Jefferies B, Siaw-Acheampong K, Wanigasooriya K, McKay S, Mohamed I, Whitehouse T, Alderson D, Gossage J, van Hillegersberg R, Vohra RS, Griffiths EA. Study protocol for a multicenter prospective cohort study on esophagogastric anastomoses and anastomotic leak (the Oesophago-Gastric Anastomosis Audit/OGAA). Dis Esophagus 2020; 33:5393317. [PMID: 30888419 DOI: 10.1093/dote/doz007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2018] [Revised: 01/25/2019] [Accepted: 02/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Esophagectomy is a mainstay in curative treatment for esophageal cancer; however, the reported techniques and outcomes can vary greatly. Thirty-day mortality of patients with an intact anastomosis is 2-3% as compared to 17-35% in patients who have an anastomotic leak. The subsequent management of leaks postesophagectomy has great global variability with little consensus on a gold standard of practice. The aim of this multicentre prospective audit is to analyze current techniques of esophagogastric anastomosis to determine the effect on the anastomotic leak rate. Leak rates and leak management will be assessed to determine their impact on patient outcomes. A 12-month international multicentre prospective audit started in April 2018 and is coordinated by a team from the West Midlands Research Collaborative. This will include patients undergoing esophagectomy over 9 months and encompassing a 90-day follow-up period. A pilot data collection period occurred at four UK centers in 2017 to trial the data collection form. The audit standards will include anastomotic leak and the conduit necrosis rate should be less than 13% and major postoperative morbidity (Clavien-Dindo Grade III or more) should be less than 35%. The 30-day mortality rate should be less than 5% and the 90-day mortality rate should be less than 8%. This will be a trainee-led international audit of esophagectomy practice. Key support will be given by consultant colleagues and anesthetists. Individualized unit data will be distributed to the respective contributing sites. An overall anonymized report will be made available to contributing units. Results of the audit will be published in peer-reviewed journals with all collaborators fully acknowledged. The key information and results from the audit will be disseminated at relevant scientific meetings.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - P Singh
- West Midlands Research Collaborative.,Department of Upper GI Surgery, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham
| | - D Nepogodiev
- West Midlands Research Collaborative.,Academic Department of Surgery
| | - J Bundred
- West Midlands Research Collaborative
| | | | | | | | | | - S McKay
- West Midlands Research Collaborative
| | - I Mohamed
- West Midlands Research Collaborative
| | | | | | - J Gossage
- Department of Upper GI Surgery, St Thomas' Hospital, Guys and St. Thomas' Foundation Trust, London
| | | | - R S Vohra
- Queen's Medical Centre Nottingham University Hospitals, Nottingham, UK
| | - E A Griffiths
- Academic Department of Surgery.,Institute of Cancer and Genomic Sciences, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham
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Rulach R, McLoone P, Lumsden G, McKay S, MacLaren V, Macphee J, Moore K, Omand M, Sproule M, Currie S, Aitken A, Ferguson R, Valentine R, Houston P, Harrow S, Hicks J. Toxicity and Efficacy of Stereotactic Ablative Body Radiotherapy for Moderately Central Non-small Cell Lung Cancers Using 50 Gy in Five Fractions. Clin Oncol (R Coll Radiol) 2019; 32:250-258. [PMID: 31607611 DOI: 10.1016/j.clon.2019.09.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2019] [Revised: 07/23/2019] [Accepted: 08/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Stereotactic ablative body radiotherapy doses for peripheral lung lesions caused high toxicity when used for central non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). To determine a safe stereotactic ablative body radiotherapy dose for central tumours, the phase I/II Radiation Therapy Oncology Group RTOG 0813 trial used 50 Gy/five fractions as a baseline. From 2013, 50 Gy/five fractions was adopted at the Beatson West of Scotland Cancer Centre for inoperable early stage central NSCLC. We report our prospectively collected toxicity and efficacy data. MATERIALS AND METHODS Patient and treatment characteristics were obtained from electronic medical records. Tumours were classed as moderately central or ultra-central tumours using published definitions. Toxicity was assessed in a centralised follow-up clinic at 2 weeks, 6 weeks, 3 months, 6 months, 1 year and 2 years after treatment. RESULTS Fifty patients (31 women, 19 men, median age 75.1 years) were identified with T1-2N0M0 moderately central NSCLC; one patient had both an ultra-central and a moderately central tumour. Eighty-four per cent were medically unfit for surgery. Forty per cent had biopsy-proven NSCLC and 60% were diagnosed radiologically using 18-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography imaging. Fifty-six per cent of patients were Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status 2 or worse. All patients received 50 Gy/five fractions on alternate days on schedule. Two patients died within 90 days of treatment, one from a chest infection, the other cause of death was unknown. There was one episode of early grade 3 oesophagitis and one grade 3 late dyspnoea. There was no grade 4 toxicity. Over a median follow-up of 25.2 months (range 1-70 months), there were 34 deaths: 18 unrelated to cancer and 16 due to cancer recurrence. The median overall survival was 27.0 months (95% confidence interval 20.6-35.9) and cancer-specific survival was 39.8 months (95% confidence interval 28.6, not reached). CONCLUSION This study has shown that 50 Gy/five fractions is a safe dose and fractionation for early stage inoperable moderately central NSCLC, with outcomes comparable with other series, even with patients with a poor performance status.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Rulach
- The Beatson West of Scotland Cancer Centre, Glasgow, UK.
| | - P McLoone
- Institute of Health and Wellbeing, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - G Lumsden
- The Beatson West of Scotland Cancer Centre, Glasgow, UK
| | - S McKay
- The Beatson West of Scotland Cancer Centre, Glasgow, UK
| | - V MacLaren
- The Beatson West of Scotland Cancer Centre, Glasgow, UK
| | - J Macphee
- The Beatson West of Scotland Cancer Centre, Glasgow, UK
| | - K Moore
- The Beatson West of Scotland Cancer Centre, Glasgow, UK
| | - M Omand
- The Beatson West of Scotland Cancer Centre, Glasgow, UK
| | - M Sproule
- The Beatson West of Scotland Cancer Centre, Glasgow, UK
| | - S Currie
- The Beatson West of Scotland Cancer Centre, Glasgow, UK
| | - A Aitken
- The Beatson West of Scotland Cancer Centre, Glasgow, UK
| | - R Ferguson
- The Beatson West of Scotland Cancer Centre, Glasgow, UK
| | - R Valentine
- The Beatson West of Scotland Cancer Centre, Glasgow, UK
| | - P Houston
- The Beatson West of Scotland Cancer Centre, Glasgow, UK
| | - S Harrow
- The Beatson West of Scotland Cancer Centre, Glasgow, UK
| | - J Hicks
- The Beatson West of Scotland Cancer Centre, Glasgow, UK
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14
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Asghar ZB, Godoy Caballero A, Pathirannehelage S, Williams J, McKay S, Grassby P, de Lusignan S, Niroshan Siriwardena A. Saving bones without risking brain-bisphosphonates and risk of stroke: matched case-control study. Osteoporos Int 2019; 30:1845-1854. [PMID: 31214750 DOI: 10.1007/s00198-019-05045-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2019] [Accepted: 06/04/2019] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED We investigated the association between bisphosphonate treatment and the risk of stroke using a large routine clinical dataset. We found no association between bisphosphonate treatment and risk of stroke, after adjusting for large number of clinical and demographic confounders. INTRODUCTION There is conflicting evidence on the link between bisphosphonates and stroke with studies variously showing increased, decreased or unchanged risk. We investigated the association between bisphosphonate treatment and the risk of stroke using a large routine clinical dataset. METHODS We used a matched nested case-control study design analysing routinely collected electronic data from patients registered at primary care practices in England participating in the Royal College of General Practitioners Research and Surveillance Centre. Cases were patients aged 18 years or over, either living or dead, recorded as having had a stroke in the period 1 January 2005 to 31 March 2016. Each case was matched to one control according to age, sex, general practice attended and calendar time. Data were analysed using Stata, version 14.2. and RStudio, version 1.1.463. Conditional logistic regression was used to determine odds ratios for stroke according to bisphosphonate treatment and duration in cases compared with controls. We adjusted for disease risk groups, cardiovascular risk factors, treatments, smoking status, alcohol consumption, ethnicity, bisphosphonate types, fracture and socioeconomic status using IMD (Index of Multiple Deprivation). RESULTS We included 31,414 cases of stroke with an equal number of matched controls. Overall, 83.2% of cases and controls were aged 65 years or older, and there were similar proportions of females (51.5%) and males (48.5%). Bisphosphonate treatment was not associated with stroke after adjusting for the wide range of confounders considered (OR 0.86, 95% CI 0.62-1.19). CONCLUSIONS We found no association between bisphosphonate treatment and risk of stroke, after adjusting for other confounders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z B Asghar
- Mathematical Modelling and Statistics, Community and Health Research Unit, School of Health and Social Care, College of Social Science, University of Lincoln, Brayford Campus, Lincoln, LN6 7TS, UK.
| | - A Godoy Caballero
- Community and Health Research Unit, School of Health and Social Care, College of Social Science, University of Lincoln, Brayford Campus, Lincoln, LN6 7TS, UK
| | - S Pathirannehelage
- Section of Clinical Medicine and Ageing, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, School of Biosciences and Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Surrey, GU2 7XH, UK
| | - J Williams
- Section of Clinical Medicine and Ageing, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, School of Biosciences and Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Surrey, GU2 7XH, UK
| | - S McKay
- School of Social and Political Sciences, College of Social Science, School of Social Policy, CSS, University of Lincoln, Brayford Campus, Lincoln, LN6 7TS, UK
| | - P Grassby
- School of Pharmacy, College of Science, University of Lincoln, Brayford Campus, Lincoln, LN6 7TS, UK
| | - S de Lusignan
- Primary Care and Clinical Informatics, Nuffield Department of Primary Care Health Sciences, Medical Sciences Division, Radcliffe Observatory Quarter, University of Oxford, Woodstock Road, Oxford, OX2 6GG, UK
| | - A Niroshan Siriwardena
- Primary & Pre-Hospital Health Care, Community and Health Research Unit, School of Health and Social Care, College of Social Science, University of Lincoln, Brayford Campus, Lincoln, LN6 7TS, UK
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Abstract
Health care disparities exist along the continuum of care for children admitted to the hospital; they start before admission, impact hospital course, and continue after discharge. During an acute illness, risk of admission, length of stay, hospital costs, communication during family-centered rounds, and risk of readmission have all been shown to vary by socioeconomic status, race, and ethnicity. Understanding factors beyond the acute illness that increase a child's risk of admission, increase hospital course complications, and lower discharge quality is imperative for the new generation of pediatric hospitalists focused on improving health for a population of children. In this article, we describe a framework to conceptualize socioeconomic, racial, and ethnic health disparities for the hospitalized child. Additionally, we offer actions pediatric hospitalists can take to address disparities within their practices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaunte McKay
- Department of Pediatrics, Duke University Hospital, Durhan, North Carolina
| | - Victoria Parente
- Department of Pediatrics, Duke University Hospital, Durhan, North Carolina
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Rodriguez A, Davenport K, McKay S, Gill C, Murdoch B. PSV-11 A comparison of meiotic recombination in spermatocytes of cattle and sheep from the United States and Czech Republic. J Anim Sci 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/jas/sky404.101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- A Rodriguez
- University of Idaho,Moscow, ID, United States
| | - K Davenport
- University of Idaho,Moscow, ID, United States
| | - S McKay
- The University of Vermont,Burlington, VT, United States
| | - C Gill
- Texas A and M University,College Station, TX, United States
| | - B Murdoch
- University of Idaho,Moscow, ID, United States
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Moore K, Clark B, Featherstone C, Harrow S, Hicks J, Lumsden G, McKay S, Mohammed N, McLoone P. Does a Central Stereotactic Ablative Radiotherapy (SABR) Multidisciplinary Team (MDT) for Early Stage Lung Cancer Influence Patient Outcome? Clin Oncol (R Coll Radiol) 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clon.2018.02.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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18
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Moore K, Harrow S, Hicks J, Lumsden G, Featherstone C, Mohammed N, Clark B, McKay S, McLoone P. Can patient selection for stereotactic ablative radiotherapy (SABR) in patients with early stage lung cancer patients be improved by a central multidisciplinary team? Lung Cancer 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/s0169-5002(18)30165-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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19
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Campbell K, McKay S, Featherstone C. 132: Role and outcomes of high dose palliative thoracic radiotherapy at the Beatson West of Scotland Cancer Centre. Lung Cancer 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/s0169-5002(17)30182-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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20
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Okoye GA, Newsome A, McKay S, Harvey VM. Health disparities in mycosis fungoides. Cogent Medicine 2016. [DOI: 10.1080/2331205x.2015.1134041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Ginette A. Okoye
- Department of Dermatology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, 5200 Eastern Avenue, Suite 2500, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - Austin Newsome
- Department of Dermatology, The Brody School of Medicine at East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, USA
| | - Shaunte McKay
- University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Valerie M. Harvey
- Department of Dermatology, Eastern Virginia Medical School, 721 Fairfax Ave, Suite 200, Norfolk, VA 23507-2007, USA
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21
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Slater S, McKay S, MacLaren V, Hicks J. 175 Second line chemotherapy for recurrent SCLC: The West of Scotland SCLC retrospective database. Lung Cancer 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/s0169-5002(14)70176-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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22
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McKay S, Griffiths NH, Butters PA, Thubron EB, Hardingham GE, Wyllie DJA. Direct pharmacological monitoring of the developmental switch in NMDA receptor subunit composition using TCN 213, a GluN2A-selective, glycine-dependent antagonist. Br J Pharmacol 2012; 166:924-37. [PMID: 22022974 PMCID: PMC3417419 DOI: 10.1111/j.1476-5381.2011.01748.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Developmental switches in NMDA receptor subunit expression have been inferred from studies of GluN2 expression levels, changes in kinetics of glutamatergic synaptic currents and sensitivity of NMDA receptor-mediated currents to selective GluN2B antagonists. Here we use TCN 213, a novel GluN2A-selective antagonist to identify the presence of this subunit in functional NMDA receptors in developing cortical neurones. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH Two-electrode voltage-clamp (TEVC) recordings were made from Xenopus laevis oocytes to determine the pharmacological activity of TCN 213 at recombinant NMDA receptors. TCN 213 antagonism was studied in cultures of primary cortical neurones, assessing the NMDA receptor dependency of NMDA-induced excitotoxicity and monitoring developmental switches in NMDA receptor subunit composition. KEY RESULTS TCN 213 antagonism of GluN1/GluN2A NMDA receptors was dependent on glycine but independent of glutamate concentrations in external recording solutions. Antagonism by TCN 213 was surmountable and gave a Schild plot with unity slope. TCN 213 block of GluN1/GluN2B NMDA receptor-mediated currents was negligible. In cortical neurones, at a early developmental stage predominantly expressing GluN2B-containing NMDA receptors, TCN 213 failed to antagonize NMDA receptor-mediated currents or to prevent GluN2B-dependent, NMDA-induced excitoxicity. In older cultures (DIV 14) or in neurones transfected with GluN2A subunits, TCN 213 antagonized NMDA-evoked currents. Block by TCN 213 of NMDA currents inversely correlated with block by ifenprodil, a selective GluN2B antagonist. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS TCN 213 selectively blocked GluN1/GluN2A over GluN1/GluN2B NMDA receptors allowing direct dissection of functional NMDA receptors and pharmacological profiling of developmental changes in native NMDA receptor subunit composition.
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Affiliation(s)
- S McKay
- Centre for Integrative Physiology, University of Edinburgh, Hugh Robson Building, George Square, Edinburgh, UK
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23
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Thomas T, Eilander A, Muthayya S, McKay S, Thankachan P, Theis W, Gandhe A, Osendarp SJM, Kurpad AV. The effect of a 1-year multiple micronutrient or n-3 fatty acid fortified food intervention on morbidity in Indian school children. Eur J Clin Nutr 2011; 66:452-8. [PMID: 22009072 DOI: 10.1038/ejcn.2011.178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES Few studies have shown that supplementation with micronutrients (MNs) or n-3 fatty acids may have health benefits such as reduced morbidity in schoolchildren. The effect of a combination of these nutrients has never been investigated. This study aimed to determine the effect of a combination of two different doses of MN and n-3 fatty acids on morbidity in schoolchildren in Bangalore, India. SUBJECTS/METHODS In all 598 children (6-10 years) received foods fortified with either high (100% recommended dietary allowance) or low (15% recommended dietary allowance) MN, combined with either high (900 mg α-linolenic acid (ALA) plus 100 mg docosahexaenoic acid) or low (140 mg ALA) n-3 fatty acids for 1 year. Morbidity was measured by weekly self-reports using a structured questionnaire. Poisson regression analyses of episodes/child/year and duration/episode adjusted for age and sex were performed on clusters of symptoms, including upper and lower respiratory tract infections (URTI and LRTI), gastrointestinal complaints (GI) and general symptoms of illness to observe MN and n-3 fatty acid treatment effects. RESULTS Children consuming high n-3 fatty acids had significantly fewer episodes of URTI/child/year (relative risk (RR)=0.88, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.79, 0.97) and significantly shorter duration/episode of URTI (RR=0.81, 95% CI: 0.78, 0.85), LRTI (RR=0.91, 95% CI: 0.85, 0.97), GI complaints (RR=0.79, 95% CI: 0.74, 0.85) and general symptoms (RR=0.90, 95% CI: 0.82, 0.98) compared with children who received low n-3 fatty acid intervention. The high MN intervention reduced the duration of general symptoms (RR=0.89, 95% CI: 0.82, 0.98). CONCLUSION Although n-3 fatty acids may be beneficial for reducing illness in Indian schoolchildren, more research is needed to confirm presence of combined effect with MN.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Thomas
- Epidemiology and Biostatistics Unit, St John's Research Institute, St John's National Academy of Health Sciences, Bangalore, India.
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24
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Abstract
A 32-year-old man presented with chronic closed transection of the biceps brachii of the right arm after 30 months of conservative treatment. Magnetic resonance imaging showed atrophy of both long and short heads of the biceps brachii, with a 5-cm defect secondary to proximal and distal retraction on either side of the tear. There was a similar defect in the coracobrachialis, but the triceps brachii was normal. The self-rated overall arm status was 4 out of 10 (using a visual analogue scale). Objective functional deficit was measured using a dynamometer. Forearm flexion and supination strength of each arm at 120º/s was tested. The patient had a 34% deficit (40 vs. 61 Nm) in peak torque during forearm flexion and a 22% deficit (10 vs. 12 Nm) during forearm supination. The patient could not maintain maximal torque throughout the range of motion, with an approximately 50% deficit in the later part of the range of motion. The patient underwent reconstruction of the biceps brachii using an interposition Achilles tendon allograft.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Pandit
- Queen Elizabeth Medical Centre, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
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25
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Horvath AO, Cue B, Clark JM, McKay S, Vaughn K, Wiseman D. Book Reviews. Psychother Res 2010. [DOI: 10.1080/713869613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
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26
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Mark V, Taub E, Bashir K, Uswatte G, Bryson C, McKay S, Cutter G. 292 CONSTRAINT-INDUCED MOVEMENT THERAPY FOR IMPAIRED GAIT IN PROGRESSIVE MS: 1-YEAR FOLLOW-UP. Parkinsonism Relat Disord 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/s1353-8020(10)70293-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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27
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Mark VW, Taub E, Bashir K, Uswatte G, Delgado A, Bowman MH, Bryson CC, McKay S, Cutter GR. Constraint-Induced Movement therapy can improve hemiparetic progressive multiple sclerosis. Preliminary findings. Mult Scler 2008; 14:992-4. [DOI: 10.1177/1352458508090223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Objective To evaluate whether Constraint-Induced Movement therapy (CI therapy) may benefit chronic upper extremity hemiparesis in progressive multiple sclerosis (MS). Methods Five patients with progressive MS, who had chronic upper extremity hemiparesis and evidence for learned non-use of the paretic limb in the life situation, underwent 30 hours of repetitive task training and shaping for the paretic limb over 2–10 consecutive weeks, along with physical restraint of the less-affected arm and a “transfer package” of behavioral techniques to reinforce treatment adherence. Results The patients showed significantly improved spontaneous, real-world limb use at post-treatment and 4 weeks post-treatment, along with improved fatigue ratings and maximal movement ability displayed in a laboratory motor test. Conclusions The findings suggest for the first time that slowly progressive MS may benefit from CI therapy. Further studies are needed to determine the retention of treatment responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- VW Mark
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - E Taub
- Department of Psychology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - K Bashir
- Department of Neurology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - G Uswatte
- Department of Psychology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - A Delgado
- Department of Psychology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - MH Bowman
- Department of Psychology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - CC Bryson
- Department of Psychology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - S McKay
- Department of Psychology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - GR Cutter
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
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28
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Although the widespread presence of girls who participate in fighting forces is increasingly recognized, they remain a highly marginalized group globally, receiving little attention either during or after armed conflict. This is especially true for "girl mothers," girls who return to communities with children born while members of fighting forces. AIM The concept of marginalization (Hall et al. 1994) is used to examine what happens to girl soldiers, especially girl mothers, in the aftermath of armed conflict when they seek to reintegrate back into their communities. METHODS This analysis, as part of a larger study of reintegration of girl mothers, is based on field work with girls who were in fighting forces in northwest Sierra Leone, especially those who returned with children. FINDINGS The type and level of marginalization these girls experience is consistent with the conceptualization of marginalization; however, they lack voice and experience shame and vulnerability. Moreover, economics were fundamentally related to their marginalization. The girls' access to resources was significantly constrained because the area was heavily impacted by the war and because of widespread poverty throughout Sierra Leone. DISCUSSION The findings raise important questions about marginalization of girls affected by war. Girls and girl mothers experience an extremely high level of marginalization; however, some aspects are not consistent with the original conceptualization of marginalization. Theory development in nursing needs to incorporate multiple voices, especially those of the very marginalized and be done in such a manner that benefits and empowers.
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Affiliation(s)
- M E Burman
- FayW. Whitney School of Nursing, University of Wyoming, Laramie, WY 82071, USA.
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29
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McKay S, McCormack D, Etemad-Rezai R, Lam W, Ouriadov A, Santyr G, Parraga G. Po-Thur Eve General-23: 3He MRI Phenotypes of Lung in Phantoms and Healthy Volunteers. Med Phys 2006. [DOI: 10.1118/1.2244650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Multi-item scales for monitoring alcohol withdrawal reactions have been used since the 1970s, and since 1985 we have used a modified version of the Clinical Institute Withdrawal Assessment (CIWA) in our general hospitals. This study was conducted to determine whether a shorter version of the scale would prove easier to use without loss of accuracy. METHODS A simultaneous 'crossover' clinical audit using two hospitals. The shortened scale was developed from the existing one, and had 10 items as opposed to the previous 18. The patients were followed throughout their course and the incidences of complication, the frequency of sedation, the delay in initiating monitoring and the ease of use were recorded. RESULTS There were 106 patients managed with the old scale and 96 with the new. The rate of complication was not different, being 16% in patients managed using the old scale and 14.5% using the new scale; the rates of sedation were 49 and 48%, respectively. Patients managed with the new scale had a shorter course with a median duration of 27.6 h compared with 40 h. The time from admission to first recording of a score was 5.4 h for the new scale and 4.8 h for the old, which is not a significant difference. Both scores were used according to instructions, but staff reported that the shortened scale was easier to use. CONCLUSIONS We conclude that a shortened form of the CIWA alcohol withdrawal scale works as well as the original and is simple to use.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Foy
- Department of General Medicine, The Newcastle Mater Misericordiae Hospital, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia.
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31
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Gyan K, Henry W, Lacaille S, Laloo A, Lamsee-Ebanks C, McKay S, Antoine RM, Monteil MA. African dust clouds are associated with increased paediatric asthma accident and emergency admissions on the Caribbean island of Trinidad. Int J Biometeorol 2005; 49:371-6. [PMID: 15692817 DOI: 10.1007/s00484-005-0257-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2004] [Revised: 06/02/2004] [Accepted: 01/12/2005] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
A retrospective ecological study of paediatric asthma patients who attended the Accident and Emergency (A and E) department of the Paediatric Priority Care Facility at the Eric Williams Medical Sciences Complex in relation to Saharan dust visibility and other climatic variables for the period 23 May 2001 to 13 May 2002 was undertaken to determine if there is an association between paediatric A and E asthma visits and Saharan dust cloud cover. A Poisson regression model was used to determine the statistical relationship between acute paediatric asthma A and E visits and Saharan dust cover with and without other variables such as climatic parameters and month. During the study period, there were 2,655 A and E visits for acute asthma. There was an association between increased paediatric asthma admissions and increased Saharan dust cover. The best fitting model estimated that in one month, such as June, a deterioration of visibility due to increased Saharan dust cover from no dust (visibility =16 km) to very dusty (visibility =7 km) would increase a daily admission rate of 7.8 patients to 9.25 when climate variables such as barometric pressure and humidity were kept constant.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Gyan
- School of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of the West Indies, St. Augustine, Trinidad, West Indies
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32
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Alagappan VKT, McKay S, Widyastuti A, Garrelds IM, Bogers AJJC, Hoogsteden HC, Hirst SJ, Sharma HS. Proinflammatory Cytokines Upregulate mRNA Expression and Secretion of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor in Cultured Human Airway Smooth Muscle Cells. Cell Biochem Biophys 2005; 43:119-29. [PMID: 16043889 DOI: 10.1385/cbb:43:1:119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Airflow obstruction in chronic airway disease is associated with airway and pulmonary vascular remodeling, of which the molecular mechanisms are poorly understood. Paracrine actions of angiogenic factors released by resident or infiltrating inflammatory cells following activation by proinflammatory cytokines in diseased airways could play a major role in the airway vascular remodeling process. Here, the proinflammatory cytokines interleukin (IL)-1beta, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha were investigated on cell cultures of human airway smooth muscle (ASM) for their effects on mRNA induction and protein release of the angiogenic peptide, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). IL-1beta (0.5 ng/mL) and TNF-alpha (10 ng/mL) each increased VEGF mRNA (3.9 and 1.7 kb) expression in human ASM cells, reaching maximal levels between 16 and 24 and 4 and 8 h, respectively. Both cytokines also induced a time-dependent release of VEGF, which was not associated with increased ASM growth. Preincubation of cells with 1 microM dexamethasone abolished enhanced release of VEGF by TNF-alpha. The data suggest that human ASM cells express and secrete VEGF in response to proinflammatory cytokines and may participate in paracrine inflammatory mechanisms of vascular remodeling in chronic airway disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- V K T Alagappan
- Department of Pharmacology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Dr. Molewaterplein 50, 3015 GE Rotterdam, The Netherlands
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Abstract
BACKGROUND The incidence of neonatal abstinence syndrome (NAS) has increased 10-fold over the last decade in Glasgow. In the Princess Royal Maternity Hospital, it now accounts for 17% of special care baby unit (SCBU) admissions. OBJECTIVE To compare opiate replacement therapy (morphine sulphate) with the present standard treatment (phenobarbitone) for management of NAS. The primary study end point was duration of pharmaceutical treatment. Secondary end points were the requirement for additional drugs and the requirement for SCBU admission. DESIGN Double blind, randomised controlled clinical trial. METHODS Differential diagnoses were excluded, and two consecutive Lipsitz scores > 4 defined NAS requiring treatment. Infants were randomised to receive morphine sulphate or phenobarbitone. Treatments were identical in appearance, odour, and volume. Increments, decrements, and discontinuation of treatments were protocol driven. RESULTS Seventy five infants participated. All mothers received opiate replacement therapy (methadone) during pregnancy and most used other drugs (n = 62, 83%). No significant difference in maternal drug use patterns was observed between treatment groups. Median treatment duration was four days shorter with opiate replacement (8 v 12 days, Mann-Whitney U test, p = 0.02). Phenobarbitone treated infants tended to require second line treatment (47% v 35%, chi(2) test, p = 0.11) and SCBU admission (62% v 30%, chi(2) test, p = 0.04) more often. CONCLUSIONS Opiate replacement therapy appears to be superior for management of symptomatic NAS when maternal opiate use is prevalent. The shorter treatment duration and lower requirement for higher intensity nursing may have significant cost implications. Tailoring NAS treatment to local maternal drug use may result in similar benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Jackson
- Princess Royal Maternity Hospital, Glasgow Royal Infirmary, 84 Castle Street, Glasgow G4 0SF, Scotland, UK.
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McKay S, Bromhaar MM, de Jongste JC, Hoogsteden HC, Saxena PR, Sharma HS. Pro-inflammatory cytokines induce c-fos expression followed by IL-6 release in human airway smooth muscle cells. Mediators Inflamm 2001; 10:135-42. [PMID: 11545250 PMCID: PMC1781705 DOI: 10.1080/09629350124155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Airway smooth muscle (ASM) is considered to be a target for mediators released during airway inflammation. AIMS To investigate the expression of c-fos, a constituent of the transcription factor activator protein-1, in human ASM cells. In addition, to measure the release of interleukin (IL)-6 into the conditioned medium of stimulated ASM cells, as well as DNA biosynthesis and changes in cell number. METHODS Serum-deprived human ASM cells in the G0/G1 phase were stimulated with the pro-inflammatory cytokines; tumour necrosis factor-alpha, IL-1beta, IL-5 and IL-6. The expression of mRNA encoding the proto-oncogene c-fos was measured by Northern blot analysis. Cell proliferation was assessed by [3H]-thymidine incorporation assays and cell counting, and IL-6 levels in cell-conditioned medium were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. RESULTS All of the cytokines investigated induced a rapid (within 1 h) and transient increase in the expression of mRNA encoding c-fos, followed by the expression and enhanced release of IL-6. Cell proliferation remained unchanged in cytokine-stimulated cells. CONCLUSIONS Cytokine-induced c-fos expression in human ASM cells could be described as a marker of cell 'activation'. The possible association of these results with airway inflammation, through secondary intracellular mechanisms such as cytokine production, is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- S McKay
- Department of Pharmacology, Erasmus University Medical Center, GE Rotterdam, The Netherlands
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Moretti MM, Holland R, McKay S. Self-other representations and relational and overt aggression in adolescent girls and boys. Behav Sci Law 2001; 19:109-126. [PMID: 11241684 DOI: 10.1002/bsl.429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Aggressive behavior in girls has received far less attention than similar problems in boys. This study examined self-representation, and others' representation of self, as predictors of relational aggression, overt aggression, and assaultive behavior in 32 girls and 52 boys, 10 to 17 years of age, referred for assessment due to significant aggressive and delinquent behavior problems. As predicted, negativity of self-representation predicted relational aggression in girls but not boys. Negativity of self-representation also predicted overt aggression and assaultive behavior in both girls and boys. Parental representations of self were not predictive in this sample; however, negativity of peer representations of self, was associated with increased relational aggression in girls and decreased relational aggression in boys. Negativity of peer representations of self also predicted overt aggression and assaultive behavior in both girls and boys. Results suggest that the evaluation of self-other representations may be valuable in the assessment of risk for gender specific patterns of aggression.
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Affiliation(s)
- M M Moretti
- Department of Psychology, Simon Fraser University, 8888 University Drive, Burnaby, British Columbia, USA 156, Canada.
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36
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McKay S. FSID: the Foundation for the Study of Infant Deaths. J Child Health Care 2001; 5:42. [PMID: 11858431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/23/2023]
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37
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Ellerby JH, McKenzie J, McKay S, Gariépy GJ, Kaufert JM. Bioethics for clinicians: 18. Aboriginal cultures. CMAJ 2000; 163:845-50. [PMID: 11033715 PMCID: PMC80510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Although philosophies and practices analogous to bioethics exist in Aboriginal cultures, the terms and categorical distinctions of "ethics" and "bioethics" do not generally exist. In this article we address ethical values appropriate to Aboriginal patients, rather than a preconceived "Aboriginal bioethic." Aboriginal beliefs are rooted in the context of oral history and culture. For Aboriginal people, decision-making is best understood as a process and not as the correct interpretation of a unified code. Aboriginal cultures differ from religious and cultural groups that draw on Scripture and textual foundations for their ethical beliefs and practices. Aboriginal ethical values generally emphasize holism, pluralism, autonomy, community- or family-based decision-making, and the maintenance of quality of life rather than the exclusive pursuit of a cure. Most Aboriginal belief systems also emphasize achieving balance and wellness within the domains of human life (mental, physical, emotional and spiritual). Although these bioethical tenets are important to understand and apply, examining specific applications in detail is not as useful as developing a more generalized understanding of how to approach ethical decision-making with Aboriginal people. Aboriginal ethical decisions are often situational and highly dependent on the values of the individual within the context of his or her family and community.
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Affiliation(s)
- J H Ellerby
- Department of Medicine, University of Manitoba
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38
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McKay S, Hirst SJ, Haas MB, de Jongste JC, Hoogsteden HC, Saxena PR, Sharma HS. Tumor necrosis factor-alpha enhances mRNA expression and secretion of interleukin-6 in cultured human airway smooth muscle cells. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2000; 23:103-11. [PMID: 10873159 DOI: 10.1165/ajrcmb.23.1.3765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Airway smooth muscle (ASM) is considered to be an end-target cell for the effects of mediators released during airway wall inflammation. Several reports suggest that activated ASM may be capable of generating various proinflammatory cytokines. We investigated the effects of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha, a potent proinflammatory cytokine, on cultured human ASM cells by examining the expression and release of the cytokine interleukin (IL)-6, cell proliferation, and the expression pattern of c-fos and c-jun, two nuclear proto-oncogenes constituting the activator protein-1 transcription factor. Growth-arrested cell monolayers were stimulated with human recombinant TNF-alpha in a concentration- and time-dependent manner. TNF-alpha stimulated the expression of IL-6 messenger RNA (mRNA), which was detected after 15 min, reaching a maximum at 1 h. IL-6 protein was readily detected in ASM cell-conditioned medium after 2 h of TNF-alpha stimulation. Protein levels increased in a time- and concentration-dependent manner. Release of IL-6 elicited by TNF-alpha was significantly inhibited by dexamethasone, cycloheximide, and nordihydroguaiaretic acid (NDGA). TNF-alpha did not alter DNA biosynthesis up to 48 h or cell numbers up to 120 h. Northern blot analysis of proto-oncogene expression revealed that c-fos and c-jun mRNA levels were elevated after 30 min of TNF-alpha incubation with maximum levels at 1 h and 45 min, respectively. Expression of c-fos mRNA was downregulated by NDGA. Four hours of TNF-alpha treatment resulted in translocation of c-jun immunofluorescence from the cytoplasm to the nucleus in human ASM cells. Our results suggest that despite the lack of a mitogenic response to TNF-alpha, upregulation of primary response genes in human ASM cells may account for the induction of proinflammatory cytokines, such as IL-6, in human airways.
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Affiliation(s)
- S McKay
- Department of Pharmacology, Sophia Children's Hospital, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
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39
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Balasubramanyam A, McKay S, Nadkarni P, Rajan AS, Garza A, Pavlik V, Herd JA, Jahoor F, Reeds PJ. Ethnicity affects the postprandial regulation of glycogenolysis. Am J Physiol 1999; 277:E905-14. [PMID: 10567019 DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.1999.277.5.e905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
We investigated the effect of nutrient intake on glucose metabolism in normal Mexican-Americans (n = 6) and European-Americans (n = 6). Subjects were studied after an 18-h fast and after 5-6 h of ingestion of hourly meals that supplied 6.35 or 12.75 micromol glucose. kg(-1). min(-1). Endogenous glucose production (EGP), gluconeogenesis (GNG), and glycogenolysis (GLY) were estimated by mass isotopomer analysis with [U-(13)C]glucose infusions. Fasting EGP, GNG, and GLY did not differ between the groups. Food ingestion lowered the molar rate of GNG by only 31%. However, while consuming the lower quantity of nutrients, Mexican-Americans had higher plasma glucose (P < 0.05), a 39% higher rate of EGP (P < 0.05), and a 68% (P < 0.025) higher rate of GLY than the European-Americans. At the higher intake, EGP and GLY were suppressed completely in both groups. There was a linear relationship between insulin concentrations, EGP, and GLY in both groups, but the slope of the line was significantly (P < 0.05) greater in the European-Americans. We conclude that the sensitivity of GLY to nutrient intake differs between ethnic groups and that this may play a role in the increased predisposition of Mexican-Americans to type II diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Balasubramanyam
- Division of Endocrinology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA.
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40
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Hachey DL, Parsons WR, McKay S, Haymond MW. Quantitation of monosaccharide isotopic enrichment in physiologic fluids by electron ionization or negative chemical ionization GC/MS using di-O-isopropylidene derivatives. Anal Chem 1999; 71:4734-9. [PMID: 10546538 DOI: 10.1021/ac990724x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The aldonitrile pentaacetate and other derivatives lack ions in the electron ionization (EI) spectra possessing an intact hexose structure and thus must be analyzed by chemical ionization GC/MS in order to study multiple isotopomers. We report methods for quantitation of hexose di-O-isopropylidene acetate (IPAc) or pentafluorobenzoyl (PFBz) esters. These were prepared in a two-step procedure using inexpensive reagents that do not adversely impact the isotopomer structure of the sugar. The acetate derivative possesses an abundant [M - CH3] ion in the EI spectrum which is suitable for quantitative analysis of isotopomers. The negative chemical ionization (NCI) spectrum of the corresponding pentafluorobenzoyl derivative has a dominant molecular anion. Moreover, the PFBz derivative is about 100-fold more sensitive than the acetate, which offers some advantages for analysis of minor hexoses found in plasma. Isotopic calibration curves of [U-13C]glucose are linear over the 0.1-60% tracer/tracee range tested. The useful range for isotopic tracer studies is 25-2500 pmol for EI analysis of the acetate derivative and 0.1-55 pmol for NCI analysis of PFBz derivative (sample amount injected). For most studies where sample size is not limited, EI-GC/MS analysis of the IPAc derivative is preferred. NCI-GC/MS analysis is reserved when sample size is limiting or when studies involve hexoses other than glucose that are normally present at low concentration.
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Affiliation(s)
- D L Hachey
- USDA/ARS Children's Nutrition Research Center, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030, USA.
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41
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Korbsrisate S, Thanomsakyuth A, Banchuin N, McKay S, Hossain M, Sarasombath S. Characterization of a phase 1-d epitope on Salmonella typhi flagellin and its role in the serodiagnosis of typhoid fever. Asian Pac J Allergy Immunol 1999; 17:31-9. [PMID: 10403007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/13/2023]
Abstract
A monoclonal antibody (MAb) directed against Salmonella typhi 52 kDa flagellin protein has been previously produced by our group. In this study, we have demonstrated that the epitope specific to the MAb is unique to phase 1-d. To map the epitope, plasmids encoding different regions of S. typhi flagellin gene were constructed. Analysis of protein produced from each recombinant plasmid indicated that the epitope specific to the MAb resided within amino acids 171-303 (region IV) of S. typhi flagellin protein. The recombinant region IV flagellin was used to develop an ELISA for the detection of IgM antibody to S. typhi in serum. In the hemoculture-positive typhoid group, the developed ELISA was positive in 77 of 92 cases. In patients with non-typhoidal Salmonella, gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria or dengue virus, the ELISA was negative in all 78 cases. Two from 116 healthy control subjects had positive reactions with the assay. The calculated sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values of the test were 83.7%, 99.0%, 97.5% and 92.8%, respectively. With such high validity together with the requirement of only a single serum specimen and one day for performing the test, the developed ELISA should become a valuable diagnostic test for typhoid fever.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Korbsrisate
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand
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Korbsrisate S, Sarasombath S, Ekpo P, Praaporn N, Hossain M, McKay S. Detection of IgM antibody against phase 1 flagelin for diagnosis of <em>Salmonella paratyphi</em> A infection. Med J Indones 1998. [DOI: 10.13181/mji.v7isupp1.1135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022] Open
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Penney M, Wilkinson C, Wallace M, Javerzat JP, Ferrell K, Seeger M, Dubiel W, McKay S, Allshire R, Gordon C. The Pad1+ gene encodes a subunit of the 26 S proteasome in fission yeast. J Biol Chem 1998; 273:23938-45. [PMID: 9727008 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.273.37.23938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
We have isolated a fission yeast mutant, mts5-1, in a screen for mutations that confer both methyl 2-benzimidazolecarbamate resistance (MBCR) and temperature sensitivity (ts) on Schizosaccharomyces pombe. This screen has previously isolated mutations in the 26 S proteasome subunits Mts2, Mts3, and Mts4. We show that the mutation in the mts5-1 strain occurs in the pad1(+) gene. pad1(+) was originally isolated on a multicopy plasmid that was capable of conferring staurosporine resistance on a wild type strain. mts5-1/pad1-1 has a similar phenotype to 26 S proteasome mutants previously isolated in the same screen and we show that Pad1 interacts genetically with two of these subunits, Mts3 and Mts4. In this study we describe the identification of Pad1 as a subunit of the 26 S proteasome in fission yeast.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Penney
- MRC Human Genetics Unit Western General Hospital, Edinburgh EH4 2XU Scotland, United Kingdom
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McKay S, de Jongste JC, Saxena PR, Sharma HS. Angiotensin II induces hypertrophy of human airway smooth muscle cells: expression of transcription factors and transforming growth factor-beta1. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 1998; 18:823-33. [PMID: 9618387 DOI: 10.1165/ajrcmb.18.6.2924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Increased smooth muscle mass due to hyperplasia and hypertrophy of airway smooth muscle (ASM) cells is a common feature in asthma. Angiotensin II (Ang II), a potent vasoconstrictor and mitogen for a wide variety of cells, has recently been implicated in bronchoconstriction in asthmatics. However, a possible mitogenic role as well as underlying molecular mechanisms of this octapeptide in human ASM cells are not yet known. We studied the effects of Ang II on ASM cell proliferation and growth and on the expression of three transcription factors, egr-1, c-fos, and c-jun, as well as a cytokine, transforming growth factor-beta1 (TGF-beta1). Human ASM cells were isolated by enzymatic digestion of bronchial smooth muscle obtained from lung resection tissue. Confluent cells were growth-arrested and subsequently incubated with Ang II (100 nM) for different time periods and processed for the measurement of cell growth and gene expression. Ang II significantly induced DNA and protein synthesis in human ASM cells at 8 h, resulting in a net increase in the accumulation of protein over DNA (i.e., cellular hypertrophy) at 16 h of incubation. Cell counts and MTT-reduction assay, however, showed no increase in cell number as a result of Ang II stimulation. Ang II stimulated the expression of egr-1 and c-fos as early as 15 min, reaching maximum levels at 45 min, whereas the expression of c-jun peaked at 2 h of Ang II exposure. Furthermore, steady-state mRNA levels of TGF-beta1 were upregulated by Ang II after 4 h and reached peak levels at 16 h of incubation. Secretion of biologically active TGF-beta1 from human ASM cells was significantly (P <= 0.02) enhanced by Ang II incubation after 8 h, which remained elevated until 24 h. Our results suggest that the Ang II-induced transient early expression of transcription factors may regulate autocrine genes like TGF-beta1, of which the subsequent late upregulation could contribute to cellular hypertrophy during, for example, airway remodeling in asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- S McKay
- Department of Pharmacology, Erasmus University, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
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McKay S. The route to true autonomous practice for midwives. Nurs Times 1997; 93:61-2. [PMID: 9418491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- S McKay
- Edge Hill University College, Liverpool
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Eccles DM, Lunt PW, Wallis Y, Griffiths M, Sandhu B, McKay S, Morton D, Shea-Simonds J, Macdonald F. An unusually severe phenotype for familial adenomatous polyposis. Arch Dis Child 1997; 77:431-5. [PMID: 9487968 PMCID: PMC1717382 DOI: 10.1136/adc.77.5.431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP) is a dominantly inherited predisposition to the development of many hundreds to thousands of adenomatous polyps of the colon. The mean age of onset is around 15 years, symptoms may arise in the third decade, and the median age for the development of colonic cancer is 35-40 years. Prophylactic colectomy reduces the risk of death from colorectal cancer to such an extent that late sequelae such as upper gastrointestinal tumours have become the main cause of mortality in appropriately managed patients. The age at which colonic surveillance begins reflects the natural history of the disease. Onset of polyp formation and cancer in childhood is very unusual, but has recently been associated with a specific mutation at codon 1309 in exon 15 where a more severe phenotype is sometimes observed. The case histories of two families are reported in which there is childhood onset of polyps in the youngest generation and in one case a carcinoma, in whom mutations have been identified in exon 11 of the APC gene. Several other affected relatives were diagnosed at ages ranging from 5-48 years, some already with a cancer at the time of first screening. Since the aim of screening for colonic polyps is prevention of colonic cancer, family members at risk should be offered genetic assessment and direct mutation testing where this is possible, usually in the early teens. In the absence of a genetic test (the situation in about one third of families) or in a known gene carrier, annual colonoscopy examination is advised from the same age. Clinicians should take note of the family history and be prepared to consider much earlier intervention if symptoms occur in a child with a family history of FAP. Where childhood onset of polyps has occurred, other children at risk in the family must be offered earlier genetic testing and endoscopic surveillance.
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Affiliation(s)
- D M Eccles
- Wessex Clinical Genetics Service, Princess Ann Hospital, Southampton
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McKay S. Midwifery care for women with disabilities. Midwives (1995) 1997; 110:239-40. [PMID: 9386454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- S McKay
- Edge Hill University College, Liverpool
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Abstract
BACKGROUND From late summer of 1942 until the fall of 1945, approximately 120,000 ethnic Japanese were confined behind barbed wire within 10 relocation camps in the United States. Although histories have been written about the relocation camps, little data are available about women's lives. This study explored women's lives and experiences with pregnancy, childbirth, and child care in a Japanese-American relocation camp. METHODS Twenty women who were ages 18 to 31 years at the time of internment at Heart Mountain, Wyoming Japanese American Relocation Camp, and one caucasian nurse who worked in the obstetric unit of the camp's hospital were interviewed. Archival, demographic, and historical data, including some prenatal records, provided information about maternity and public health care for pregnant women and new mothers. RESULTS Obstetric hospital practices were typical of the 1940s in the United States. Community public health services for new mothers included formula kitchens and well-baby clinics. Infant mortality statistics from 1942 to 1945 at Heart Mountain were comparatively better for the same time period than for the state of Wyoming or the United States. These outcomes may have reflected the camp's extensive social and family support, adequate housing and food, and universal access to maternity services. CONCLUSIONS The Heart Mountain internment provides a story about how women's lives are impacted by war. Since World War II, civilians, especially women and children, have increasingly been targeted during wars with profound impact upon the health of mothers and babies.
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Affiliation(s)
- S McKay
- University of Wyoming, Women's Studies Program, Laramie 82071-4297, USA
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McKay S. Communication & motherhood. Midwives (1995) 1997; 110:122-4. [PMID: 9256750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
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Abstract
The possibility that histone H1 binds preferentially to DNA containing 5-methylcytosine in the dinucleotide CpG is appealing, as it could help to explain the repressive effects of methylation on gene activity. In this study, the affinity of purified H1 for methylated and non-methylated DNA sequences has been tested using both naked DNA and chromatin. Based on a variety of assays (bandshifts, filter-binding assays, Southwestern blots, and nuclease sensitivity assays), we conclude that H1 has no significant preference for binding to naked methylated DNA. Similarly, H1 showed the same affinities for methylated and non-methylated DNA when assembled into chromatin in a Xenopus oocyte extract. Thus potential cooperative interaction of H1 with polynucleosomal complexes is not enhanced by the presence of DNA methylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- F J Campoy
- Institute of Cell and Molecular Biology, University of Edinburgh, United Kingdom
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