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McGuinness S, Guerin S. Interprofessional supervision among allied health professionals: a systematic scoping review. J Interprof Care 2024:1-20. [PMID: 38678372 DOI: 10.1080/13561820.2024.2343837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/29/2024]
Abstract
Clinical supervision typically occurs between clinicians who are trained in the same discipline, and this assumption is present across much of the relevant literature. However, the use of interprofessional supervision (IPS), wherein clinicians do not share the same discipline, has increased in recent years. As IPS increases in usage, it is key that the implications of this approach are explored. In order to map the existing evidence, a scoping review was conducted to explore what is known about the use of IPS across five allied health professions (psychology, speech and language therapy, occupational therapy, physiotherapy and social work). A systematic literature search of four electronic databases was conducted, with 27 articles meeting the inclusion criteria. The data were analyzed using thematic synthesis. Six key themes were identified relating to factors impacting the appropriateness of IPS, necessary steps in the IPS process, and impacts of IPS for clinicians. Limited application of standardized tools and theoretical frameworks within the existing research was highlighted. The findings identified within this review present a broad overview of the existing research relating to IPS, which can be used to inform future research in this area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shona McGuinness
- School of Psychology, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Suzanne Guerin
- School of Psychology, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
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2
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Buckmaster R, McNulty M, Guerin S. An exploration of family dynamics in adults who self-harm. Ir J Psychol Med 2024; 41:37-45. [PMID: 34602119 DOI: 10.1017/ipm.2021.59] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of the present study was to explore how adults who self-harm experience family relationships. METHODS A phenomenological design was employed to examine the dynamic relationship between self-harm and family systems. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with six female adults who attend a community mental health service and engage in self-harm. Transcripts were analysed using Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA). RESULTS Four superordinate themes emerged from the data and two subordinate themes emerged within each superordinate theme: family interactive patterns (subordinate themes: enmeshed patterns and culture of 'getting on with it'), searching for meaning (subordinate themes: expressing emotional turmoil and engrained worthlessness), relating to others (subordinate themes: guilt and feeling misunderstood) and journey towards life without self-harm (subordinate themes: acceptance and family support). CONCLUSIONS Findings emphasise the role of family systems in understanding self-harm in adults. The study highlights the need for family-based interventions for family members who support adults that self-harm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruth Buckmaster
- School of Psychology, University College Dublin, Dublin 4, Ireland
- Health Service Executive Midlands, Laois/Offaly, Ireland
| | - Muireann McNulty
- School of Psychology, University College Dublin, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Suzanne Guerin
- School of Psychology, University College Dublin, Dublin 4, Ireland
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Fealy G, Di Placido M, O'Donnell D, Drennan J, Timmins F, Barnard M, Blake C, Connolly M, Donnelly S, Doyle G, Fitzgerald K, Frawley T, Gallagher P, Guerin S, Mangiarotti E, McNulty J, Mucheru D, O'Neill D, Segurado R, Stokes D, Ryder M, Üzar Özçetin YS, Wells J, Čartolovni A. 'Ageing well': Discursive constructions of ageing and health in the public reach of a national longitudinal study on ageing. Soc Sci Med 2024; 341:116518. [PMID: 38141382 DOI: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2023.116518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2023] [Revised: 12/08/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/25/2023]
Abstract
Established in 2006, the Irish Longitudinal Study on Ageing (TILDA) investigates the health, economic and social circumstances of a nationally-representative sample of people aged fifty years and older in a series of biennial data collection waves. Irish newspapers have been reporting the results of TILDA for over a decade and a half, and their texts represent reports of scientific research distilled through the pen of journalists. In their totality, their texts constitute a public discourse on ageing and health. Using critical discourse analysis, we examined the discourse within the texts of a purposive sample of two national daily newspapers. As sites of public discourse, newspapers reflect social life and are influential in forming and legitimating public attitudes. Like other sites of discourse, their language-in-use is contextually located, is rarely neutral and may employ strategies to discursively construct, sustain and privilege particular social identities, including ageing identities. Discursively constructed as 'ageing well', our analysis of newspaper texts revealed a discernible meta-discourse on ageing and health in which ageing was framed as a life course stage that may be cultivated, diligently self-nurtured and exploited for its positive aspects. When considered in light of literature on health and social inequalities, the consequences of this broadly positive ageing discourse can, somewhat perversely, frame older adults in unintended negative ways, including homogenising them and attributing to them capacities for ageing well that they may not possess. Discursively constructing older adults as a social and economic resource can also impose unrealistic expectations on them and may legitimise exploitation and demonstrate how normative ideologies of ageism and ableism are conveyed through legitimising language. Despite these potentially unintended consequences, the available media resources associated with TILDA may represent one of the most important contributions of the study, in terms of informing positive public attitudes towards ageing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerard Fealy
- UCD School of Nursing, Midwifery and Health Systems, University College Dublin, Ireland.
| | - Matteo Di Placido
- Department of Culture, Politics and Society, University of Turin, Italy.
| | - Deirdre O'Donnell
- UCD School of Nursing, Midwifery and Health Systems, University College Dublin, Ireland.
| | - Jonathan Drennan
- UCD School of Nursing, Midwifery and Health Systems, University College Dublin, Ireland.
| | - Fiona Timmins
- UCD School of Nursing, Midwifery and Health Systems, University College Dublin, Ireland.
| | - Marlize Barnard
- UCD School of Nursing, Midwifery and Health Systems, University College Dublin, Ireland.
| | - Catherine Blake
- UCD School of Public Health, Physiotherapy and Sports Science, University College Dublin, Ireland.
| | - Michael Connolly
- UCD School of Nursing, Midwifery and Health Systems, University College Dublin, Ireland; Our Lady's Hospice and Care Services, Dublin, Ireland.
| | - Sarah Donnelly
- UCD School of Social Policy, Social Work and Social Justice, University College Dublin, Ireland.
| | | | - Kelly Fitzgerald
- UCD School of Irish, Celtic Studies and Folklore, University College Dublin, Ireland.
| | - Timmy Frawley
- UCD School of Nursing, Midwifery and Health Systems, University College Dublin, Ireland.
| | | | - Suzanne Guerin
- UCD School of Psychology, University College Dublin, Ireland.
| | - Emanuela Mangiarotti
- UCD School of Nursing, Midwifery and Health Systems, University College Dublin, Ireland; Department of Political and Social Sciences, University of Pavia, Lombardy, Italy
| | | | - Doreen Mucheru
- UCD School of Nursing, Midwifery and Health Systems, University College Dublin, Ireland.
| | | | - Ricardo Segurado
- UCD School of Public Health, Physiotherapy and Sports Science, University College Dublin, Ireland.
| | | | - Mary Ryder
- UCD School of Nursing, Midwifery and Health Systems, University College Dublin, Ireland.
| | | | - John Wells
- School of Health Sciences, South-East Technological University, Ireland.
| | - Anto Čartolovni
- School of Medicine, Catholic University of Croatia, Croatia.
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Neylon K, Condren C, Guerin S, Looney K. What Are the Psychosocial Needs of Adolescents and Young Adults with Cancer? A Systematic Review of the Literature. J Adolesc Young Adult Oncol 2023; 12:799-820. [PMID: 37130327 DOI: 10.1089/jayao.2022.0130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Adolescents and young adults with cancer (AYACs) have become recognized as a unique group in recent years. The unique developmental context and related challenges of being a young person with a cancer diagnosis can lead to a distinct and diverse set of psychosocial issues. Existing research has attempted to explore these psychosocial needs and challenges and to develop appropriate and individualized interventions. However, the needs of this group remain unmet, with ongoing calls for individualized support. This systematic review addressed the research question, "what are the psychosocial needs of AYACs aged 15-24 years?." PubMed, PsycINFO, and CINAHL databases were searched to identify relevant studies from January 2000 to December 2022 (inclusive). Qualitative, quantitative, and mixed methods designs were included and 29 studies met inclusion criteria. Findings provide an overview of needs from the existing literature and support the idea of a changing constellation of psychosocial needs for AYACs in areas such as identity, relationships, mental health, autonomy, and occupation. The main implications for theory and future research include the importance of the developmental context and consideration of discrepancies in the age range used within the literature to define this group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen Neylon
- School of Psychology, University College Dublin (UCD), Dublin, Ireland
| | - Caoimhe Condren
- School of Psychology, University College Dublin (UCD), Dublin, Ireland
| | - Suzanne Guerin
- School of Psychology, University College Dublin (UCD), Dublin, Ireland
| | - Kathy Looney
- School of Psychology, University College Dublin (UCD), Dublin, Ireland
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Mulcahy Symmons S, Ryan K, Aoun SM, Selman LE, Davies AN, Cornally N, Lombard J, McQuilllan R, Guerin S, O'Leary N, Connolly M, Rabbitte M, Mockler D, Foley G. Decision-making in palliative care: patient and family caregiver concordance and discordance-systematic review and narrative synthesis. BMJ Support Palliat Care 2023; 13:374-385. [PMID: 35318213 PMCID: PMC10804031 DOI: 10.1136/bmjspcare-2022-003525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2022] [Accepted: 03/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Decision-making in palliative care usually involves both patients and family caregivers. However, how concordance and discordance in decision-making manifest and function between patients and family caregivers in palliative care is not well understood. OBJECTIVES To identify key factors and/or processes which underpin concordance and/or discordance between patients and family caregivers with respect to their preferences for and decisions about palliative care; and ascertain how patients and family caregivers manage discordance in decision-making in palliative care. METHODS A systematic review and narrative synthesis of original studies published in full between January 2000 and June 2021 was conducted using the following databases: Embase; Medline; CINAHL; AMED; Web of Science; PsycINFO; PsycARTICLES; and Social Sciences Full Text. RESULTS After full-text review, 39 studies were included in the synthesis. Studies focused primarily on end-of-life care and on patient and family caregiver preferences for patient care. We found that discordance between patients and family caregivers in palliative care can manifest in relational conflict and can result from a lack of awareness of and communication about each other's preferences for care. Patients' advancing illness and impending death together with open dialogue about future care including advance care planning can foster consensus between patients and family caregivers. CONCLUSIONS Patients and family caregivers in palliative care can accommodate each other's preferences for care. Further research is needed to fully understand how patients and family caregivers move towards consensus in the context of advancing illness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophie Mulcahy Symmons
- Discipline of Occupational Therapy, School of Medicine, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
- School of Nursing, Midwifery and Health Systems, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Karen Ryan
- St Francis Hospice Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
- School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Samar M Aoun
- Palliative Care Unit, School of Psychology and Public Health, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Perron Institute for Neurological and Translational Science, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Lucy E Selman
- Palliative and End of Life Care Research Group, Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Andrew Neil Davies
- Academic Department of Palliative Medicine, Our Lady's Hospice and Care Services, Dublin, Ireland
- School of Medicine, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Nicola Cornally
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - John Lombard
- School of Law, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland
| | - Regina McQuilllan
- St Francis Hospice Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
- Department of Palliative Care, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Suzanne Guerin
- School of Psychology, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Norma O'Leary
- Our Lady's Hospice and Care Services, Dublin, Ireland
- Department of Palliative Care, St James's Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Michael Connolly
- School of Nursing, Midwifery and Health Systems, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
- Our Lady's Hospice and Care Services, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Mary Rabbitte
- All Ireland Institute of Hospice and Palliative Care, Dublin, Ireland
| | - David Mockler
- John Stearne Medical Library, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Geraldine Foley
- Discipline of Occupational Therapy, School of Medicine, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
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Cleary N, Guerin S, Fagan N, Davies A. The Oral Symptom Assessment Scale (OSAS): criterion validation with the EORTC QLQ-OH15 and reliability testing. Support Care Cancer 2023; 31:647. [PMID: 37864585 DOI: 10.1007/s00520-023-08118-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 10/23/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The aim of this study was to investigate the criterion validity and reliability of the Oral Symptom Assessment Scale (OSAS) in patients with advanced cancer receiving specialist palliative care. METHODS To examine criterion validity, participants completed the OSAS, EORTC QLQ-C30 and EORTC QLQ-OH15. Twenty-four hours later participants repeated the OSAS to investigate test-retest reliability. RESULTS 54 participants were recruited (median age 70; range: 35- 93 years). 51 complete datasets were obtained. Cohen's kappa test was used to evaluate the agreement for the presence / absence of symptoms on the OSAS on the first and second days (test-retest reliability). This analysis showed values of moderate and higher for agreement for all symptoms. All kappa values were statistically significant. The test-retest reliability for symptom severity, frequency and distress was assessed using Intraclass Correlation Coefficient. Spearman's rank correlation coefficients were used to evaluate agreement between similar questions on the OSAS from day one and the EORTC QLQ-OH15 also on day one to examine criterion validity. CONCLUSION This study supports the validity of the OSAS, and provides evidence for the reliability of this novel oral symptom assessment tool, in patients with advanced cancer. Further research is needed to corroborate the findings of this study. TRIAL REGISTRATION CancerTrials.gov registry registration no.: PM202166.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Suzanne Guerin
- School of Psychology, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | | | - Andrew Davies
- Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
- Our Lady's Hospice, Dublin, Ireland
- University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
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7
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Fox S, Drennan J, Guerin S, Kernohan WG, Murphy A, O'Connor N, Rukundo A, Timmons S. A comparison of four dementia palliative care services using the RE-AIM framework. BMC Geriatr 2023; 23:677. [PMID: 37858076 PMCID: PMC10585827 DOI: 10.1186/s12877-023-04343-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2023] [Accepted: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Living with a life-limiting illness, people with dementia benefit from palliative care which considers the holistic needs of the person and their family. However, little is known about how palliative care may be best provided to people living with dementia at home in the community. We examined four exemplary dementia palliative care services for people with dementia in the community, to see what activities they were providing, what were the commonalities and differences, and what lessons could be learned. METHODS A long-list of dementia palliative care services in Ireland, Northern Ireland, England, Scotland, and Wales, was identified through a survey, and four exemplar services were chosen based on criteria including: in operation >six months; provides identifiable activities; availability of routinely collected service data; not exclusively for people with dementia in final hours or days of life. Mixed-methods of data collection included interviews, focus-groups and surveys with service staff, surveys of service users, and routinely collected service data. The RE-AIM framework was used to describe and understand the sample of dementia palliative care services. RESULTS The four services had varied organisational structures and were led by different disciplines. However, they all provided common core activities including holistic and person-centred care, early advance care planning with service user involvement, carer support, integrated healthcare services, continuity of care, 24/7 support, bereavement support. All had needs-based referral criteria, accepting any age or dementia sub-type. All supported people with dementia to remain living at home and to have a comfortable, dignified death in their preferred place. CONCLUSIONS An effective dementia palliative care service may take different forms. Whether the service is dementia-led or Specialist Palliative Care-led, efficacy is associated with providing a range of key activities and implementing them effectively. The data collected strongly suggests the benefits of the dementia palliative care services to a person with dementia and their families and offers valuable insight into the key factors for the establishment and successful running of such services.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siobhan Fox
- Centre for Gerontology and Rehabilitation, School of Medicine, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland.
| | - Jonathan Drennan
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Suzanne Guerin
- School of Psychology, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - W George Kernohan
- Institute of Nursing and Health Research, County Antrim, Ulster University, Shore Road, Newtownabbey, Northern Ireland
| | - Aileen Murphy
- Department of Economics, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Niamh O'Connor
- Centre for Gerontology and Rehabilitation, School of Medicine, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Aphie Rukundo
- Centre for Gerontology and Rehabilitation, School of Medicine, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Suzanne Timmons
- Centre for Gerontology and Rehabilitation, School of Medicine, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE Complicated grief is a debilitating condition that individuals may experience after losing a loved one. General practitioners (GPs) are well positioned to provide patients with support for grief-related issues. Traditionally, Irish GPs play an important role in providing patients with emotional support regarding bereavement. However, GPs have commonly reported not being aptly trained to respond to bereavement-related issues. This study explores GPs' current knowledge of and practice regarding complicated grief. METHODS A qualitative study adopting a phenomenological approach to explore the experiences of GPs on this issue. Semi-structured interviews were carried out with a purposive sample of nine GPs (five men and four women) in Ireland. Potential participants were contacted via email and phone. Interviews were audio-recorded, transcribed and analysed using Braun & Clarke's () model of thematic analysis. RESULTS GPs had limited awareness of the concept of complicated grief and were unfamiliar with relevant research. They also reported that their training was either non-existent or outdated. GPs formed their own knowledge of grief-related issues based on their intuition and experiences. For these reasons, there was not one agreed method of how to respond to grief-related issues reported by patients, though participants recognised the need for intervention, onward referral and review. CONCLUSIONS The research highlighted that GPs felt they required training in complicated grief so that they would be better able to identify and respond to complicated grief.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abiola Muhammed
- UCD School of Psychology, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Anne Dodd
- UCD School of Psychology, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Suzanne Guerin
- UCD School of Psychology, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | | | - Philip Dodd
- UCD School of Psychology, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
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Doyle F, Byrne D, Carney RM, Cuijpers P, Dima AL, Freedland K, Guerin S, Hevey D, Kathuria B, Kelly S, McBride S, Wallace E, Boland F. The effects of advanced factor analysis approaches on outcomes in randomised trials for depression: protocol for secondary analysis of individual participant data. BJPsych Open 2023; 9:e157. [PMID: 37565446 PMCID: PMC10594098 DOI: 10.1192/bjo.2023.544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2022] [Revised: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 07/02/2023] [Indexed: 08/12/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Modern psychometric methods make it possible to eliminate nonperforming items and reduce measurement error. Application of these methods to existing outcome measures can reduce variability in scores, and may increase treatment effect sizes in depression treatment trials. AIMS We aim to determine whether using confirmatory factor analysis techniques can provide better estimates of the true effects of treatments, by conducting secondary analyses of individual patient data from randomised trials of antidepressant therapies. METHOD We will access individual patient data from antidepressant treatment trials through Clinicalstudydatarequest.com and Vivli.org, specifically targeting studies that used the Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression (HRSD) as the outcome measure. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analytic approaches will be used to determine pre-treatment (baseline) and post-treatment models of depression, in terms of the number of factors and weighted scores of each item. Differences in the derived factor scores between baseline and outcome measurements will yield an effect size for factor-informed depression change. The difference between the factor-informed effect size and each original trial effect size, calculated with total HRSD-17 scores, will be determined, and the differences modelled with meta-analytic approaches. Risk differences for proportions of patients who achieved remission will also be evaluated. Furthermore, measurement invariance methods will be used to assess potential gender differences. CONCLUSIONS Our approach will determine whether adopting advanced psychometric analyses can improve precision and better estimate effect sizes in antidepressant treatment trials. The proposed methods could have implications for future trials and other types of studies that use patient-reported outcome measures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frank Doyle
- Division of Population Health Sciences, RCSI University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ireland
| | - David Byrne
- Division of Population Health Sciences, RCSI University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ireland
| | - Robert M. Carney
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, Missouri, USA
| | - Pim Cuijpers
- Department of Clinical, Neuro and Developmental Psychology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Alexandra L. Dima
- Health Psychology and Health Services, Sant Joan de Déu Research Institute, Spain
| | - Kenneth Freedland
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, Missouri, USA
| | - Suzanne Guerin
- School of Psychology, University College Dublin, Ireland
| | - David Hevey
- School of Psychology, Trinity College Dublin, Ireland
| | | | - Shane Kelly
- Psychological Society of Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
| | | | - Emma Wallace
- Department of General Practice, University College Cork, Ireland; and Department of General Practice, RCSI University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ireland
| | - Fiona Boland
- Division of Population Health Sciences, RCSI University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ireland
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Boland G, Guerin S. Supporting Social Inclusion in Neighbourhoods of Adults with Intellectual Disabilities: Service Providers' Practice Experiences. J Intellect Disabil 2023; 27:291-314. [PMID: 35446739 PMCID: PMC10164231 DOI: 10.1177/17446295221085479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Deinstitutionalisation has increased the likelihood of adults with intellectual disabilities residing in neighbourhoods either in staff-supported accommodation or in their family home. However, it raises the question of whether national policies on disability have translated into practice actions by service providers that result in positive social inclusion outcomes for individuals. This study examined the practice initiatives supporting social inclusion in neighbourhoods in specialist state-funded service providers for adults with intellectual disabilities. Using a mixed methods design, CEOs/service leaders of 40 organisations completed an online survey. Follow-up interviews were completed with a randomised sample. Shifting towards new service models and strategic links with mainstream organisations were most often mentioned as furthering social inclusion goals. A wide range of service initiatives were reported, with positive outcomes alongside a range of challenges. Service providers play an important role in providing individualised supports that foster local engagement. However, the service context is complex and service leaders have reported many challenges that may impede progress on social inclusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geraldine Boland
- UCD Centre for Disability Studies, UCD School of Psychology, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Suzanne Guerin
- UCD Centre for Disability Studies, UCD School of Psychology, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
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11
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Buckley A, Dodd A, Guerin S. Grief and bereavement in the time of COVID-19: a thematic analysis exploring psychotherapists’ observations of clients’ experiences. Counselling Psychology Quarterly 2023. [DOI: 10.1080/09515070.2023.2186834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/18/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Amy Buckley
- School of Psychology, University College Dublin, Belfield, Ireland
| | - Anne Dodd
- School of Psychology, University College Dublin, Belfield, Ireland
| | - Suzanne Guerin
- School of Psychology, University College Dublin, Belfield, Ireland
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12
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Peyronnet B, Six J, Pinsard M, Guerin S, Gasmi A, Coiffic J, Richard C, Haudebert C, Hascoet J, Nyangoh Timoh K. Risk factors for stress urinary incontinence recurrence after midurethral sling revision. Eur Urol 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/s0302-2838(23)00922-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/12/2023]
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13
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Ryder M, Guerin S, Forde R, Lowe G, Jaarsma T, O'Neill M, Halley C, Connolly M. The perceived effects of COVID-19 while living with a chronic illness. J Nurs Scholarsh 2023; 55:154-162. [PMID: 36281970 PMCID: PMC9874398 DOI: 10.1111/jnu.12835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2022] [Revised: 09/30/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION A diagnosis of chronic illness posed a serious threat to people during the recent COVID-19 pandemic. People with chronic illnesses were faced with increased mortality and reduced access to healthcare. Self-care is the process of maintaining health and managing a chronic illness. Nurses working in specialist services provide healthcare education to people with chronic illnesses. Access to these nurses was decreased during periods of the COVID-19 virus escalation due to the reconfiguration of services and redeployment of nurses. The purpose of the research was to learn from the experiences of people with a chronic illnesses in self-care behaviors and accessing altered healthcare services to inform future practices. DESIGN A population survey design. METHODS A mixed methods survey was designed, combining validated questionnaires and scales with open-ended questions. A convenience sample was utilized via using social media platforms. Data analysis included descriptive and inferential statistics. Content analysis was used to analyze open-ended responses. RESULTS There were 147 responses, with approximately half reporting no changes in face-to-face healthcare contact, 41% reporting decreased contacts and 12% increased contacts. Non-face-to-face contacts were reduced by almost 9%, did not change by almost 60%, while 33% indicated an increase. Participants reported mixed perceptions in contact with healthcare providers during restrictions. In the Patient Assessment of Chronic Illness Care and the Self-Care of Chronic Illness scales, participants scored statistically lower scores than in previous studies. Participants indicated that public health restrictions negatively impacted their confidence, created challenges with re-engaging and that access to care was more difficult. CONCLUSION This research highlights the importance of providing continued support to people with chronic illness irrespective of other challenges to healthcare services. A structured approach to virtual self-care education is required. CLINICAL RELEVANCE This research concluded that the experience of access to one healthcare professional as opposed to diverse multidisciplinary input was similar for a number of chronic illnesses groups of people during the COVID-19 pandemic. There was an altered dynamic of virtual contacts with healthcare providers and a lack of confidence interpreting what monitoring was required by people with a chronic illnesses due to a lack of preparedness for virtual healthcare delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary Ryder
- School of Nursing, Midwifery & Health SystemsUniversity College DublinDublinIreland
| | - Suzanne Guerin
- School of PsychologyUniversity College DublinDublinIreland
| | - Rita Forde
- Nursing, Midwifery and Palliative CareKings College LondonLondonUK
| | - Grainne Lowe
- Institute of Health and WellbeingFederation University AustraliaMelbourneAustralia
| | - Tiny Jaarsma
- Department of Health, Medicine and Caring SciencesLinköping UniversityLinköpingSweden,Julius CenterUniversity Medical Centre UtrechtUtrechtThe Netherlands
| | - Madeline O'Neill
- School of Nursing, Midwifery & Health Systems, University College DublinRegistered Advanced Nurse PractitionerOur Lady's Hospice and Care Services, Harold's CrossDublin 8Ireland
| | | | - Michael Connolly
- School of Nursing, Midwifery & Health Systems University College Dublin and Our Lady's Hospice & Care ServicesDublinIreland
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14
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O'Riordan D, Boland G, Guerin S, Dodd P. Synthesising existing research on complicated grief in intellectual disability: findings from a systematic review. J Intellect Disabil Res 2022; 66:833-852. [PMID: 36042575 PMCID: PMC9805198 DOI: 10.1111/jir.12973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2022] [Revised: 07/12/2022] [Accepted: 08/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Complicated grief has been identified as a phenomenon in the general population, and there is an increasing body of research investigating complicated grief in people with intellectual disability. The aim of this study is to synthesise this existing knowledge from research published between 1999 and 2022. METHODS A structured systematic review using PRISMA guidelines was conducted, which searched three commonly used databases (Medline, PsycINFO and CINAHL) for research on the topic of bereavement and intellectual disability. The articles identified in this search were screened to identify those that addressed the issue of 'complicated grief', with all abstracts and subsequent full texts reviewed by two researchers. RESULTS In total, 179 abstracts were initially identified, with 34 articles eligible for full text screening and 18 papers reaching criteria for inclusion. Data relating to the studies' objectives were extracted under the headings of definition, defining principles, signs and symptoms, risk factors and treatments for complicated grief in intellectual disability. Thematic analysis of the extracted data was performed to identify key themes. CONCLUSIONS This review highlights that people with intellectual disability are likely to experience complicated grief reactions and that complicated grief is both underestimated and a clinically significant condition for people with intellectual disability. Future research should work to clarify diagnostic criteria and identify appropriate interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- D. O'Riordan
- Royal College of Surgeons ‐ School of Postgraduate StudiesDublinIreland
| | - G. Boland
- University College Dublin, School of PsychologyDublinIreland
| | - S. Guerin
- University College Dublin, School of PsychologyDublinIreland
| | - P. Dodd
- Health Service Executive: National Office for Suicide PreventionDublinIreland
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15
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Rukundo A, Fox S, Guerin S, Kernohan G, Drennan J, O'Connor N, Timmons S. 76 HOW BLOGS SUPPORT THE TRANSFER OF KNOWLEDGE INTO PRACTICE IN THE FIELD OF DEMENTIA PALLIATIVE CARE: FACILITATORS AND BARRIERS. Age Ageing 2022. [DOI: 10.1093/ageing/afac218.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Blogging can help to maximise the impact of one’s work in academia and beyond by making research findings accessible for multiple knowledge users. As part of the knowledge exchange and dissemination activities of the Model for Dementia Palliative Care Project, this study explored stakeholders’ views of blogs as a means to translate research findings in the field of Dementia Palliative care.
Methods
A web-based survey was developed, piloted, and revised. It was distributed electronically via key dementia and palliative care organisations. Complete responses (N=128) were received from healthcare researchers (n=53), healthcare providers (n=46) and others with an interest in healthcare research (n=29). Data were analysed using descriptive statistics and content analysis
Results
The preferred methods of reviewing research findings were scientific papers, websites and news articles. Respondents read healthcare blogs “sometimes” (39.1%), with <19% reading them “often” or “very often”. Receiving an email notification might increase the likelihood of reading a new blog post for 83% of respondents. Barriers to engaging with blogs included lack of time, preference for other media, lack of awareness regarding available blogs, and concerns about the credibility and source of information. An appropriate length and the author of the blog were key features that encouraged engagement with a blog. Most respondents (37.7 % ‘Yes’ and 23.0% ‘Maybe’) would read Dementia Palliative care blogs by the research team.
Conclusion
Despite respondents choosing a scientific paper as their preferred method to consume research findings, many indicated an openness to reading blogs on their area of interest. Creating concise, relevant, and credible blogs, and suitably promoting them, could increase the impact and reach of healthcare research, such as in the emerging field of dementia palliative care, and thus promote translation of research findings into practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Rukundo
- University College Cork , Cork, Ireland
| | - S Fox
- University College Cork , Cork, Ireland
| | - S Guerin
- University College Dubin , Dublin, Ireland
| | - G Kernohan
- Ulster University , Belfast, Northern Ireland
| | - J Drennan
- University College Cork , Cork, Ireland
| | | | - S Timmons
- University College Cork , Cork, Ireland
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16
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Rukundo A, Fox S, Timmons S, O'Connor N, Guerin S, Kernohan G, Drennan J, Murohy A. 75 EVALUATING DEMENTIA PALLIATIVE CARE SERVICES ACROSS IRELAND AND THE UK USING THE RE-AIM FRAMEWORK. Age Ageing 2022. [DOI: 10.1093/ageing/afac218.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Dementia is a life-limiting illness, requiring a Palliative Care (PC) approach from diagnosis. In Ireland, People with Dementia (PwD) and their families rarely receive PC in a timely manner. This study aimed to evaluate five exemplar community-based dementia PC services across Ireland and the UK (as identified by key stakeholders), to inform a new service delivery model.
Methods
Data from semi-structured interviews and focus groups with 29 service providers, and service activity data (n=5), was evaluated using the RE-AIM framework.
Results
‘Reach’ - Caseloads varied significantly between 3-154 active cases. Most services accepted self-referrals; all wanted earlier referrals. Factors influencing reach included co-location, dyadic participation, service flexibility, and others’ awareness of PC appropriateness and the service’s existence.
‘Effectiveness’ - All service users received holistic assessments, person-centred care, advanced care planning, continuity of care, improved service access and ‘care-for-the-carer’. Some services offered complimentary therapies, 24/7 phone support, and bereavement support; these were perceived to improve quality-of-life, comfort, and independence.
‘Adoption’ - Staff were highly invested; some provided their personal numbers to families. Outside staff were more willing to engage (refer/support) if shared governance, training was provided, or already familiar with dementia or the tools. Incentive programmes increased adoption rates.
‘Implementation ’ - All services evolved on an ad-hoc basis, with funding provided by local organisations, and a single ‘driving force’, typically a consultant/nurse. Services heavily relied on volunteers. Perceived “essential” elements included a dyadic approach, MDT involvement, open communication, forming relationships, reflective practices, dedicated staff with problem solving skills, and staff support/training.
‘Maintenance’ - All services continued after initial project funding; three increased their activities/reach over time.
Conclusion
Important features and facilitators of community-based dementia palliative care services have been identified. These results are informing the development of the novel Dementia Palliative Care model for use in Ireland (https://pallcare4dementia.com/).
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Affiliation(s)
- A Rukundo
- University College Cork , Cork, Ireland
| | - S Fox
- University College Cork , Cork, Ireland
| | - S Timmons
- University College Cork , Cork, Ireland
| | | | - S Guerin
- University College Dublin , Dublin, Ireland
| | - G Kernohan
- Ulster University , Belfast, Northern Ireland
| | - J Drennan
- University College Cork , Cork, Ireland
| | - A Murohy
- University College Cork , Cork, Ireland
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17
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Fitzpatrick P, Bhardwaj N, Syed S, Fox P, Frazer K, Niranjan V, Lyons A, McCann A, Brennan S, Guerin S. Smoking cessation for cancer patients through the lens of cancer specialists: challenges & solutions. Eur J Public Health 2022. [PMCID: PMC9594757 DOI: 10.1093/eurpub/ckac131.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The benefits of smoking cessation (SC) for cancer patients are widely recognised. However, there has been a limited emphasis on SC in this context and it continues to be a challenge for cancer patients. As part of a larger feasibility study aiming to develop a structured SC pathway for cancer patients in Ireland, this qualitative study explored the SC practices, experiences and opinions of oncology healthcare professionals (HCPs). Methods Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 18 HCPs from lung, breast, cervical, head and neck and general oncology, across 4 specialist adult cancer hospitals in Ireland. Interview transcripts were analysed using thematic analysis. Results Four key themes emerged: (1) Frequently ask and advise but infrequently assist: most HCPs ask about smoking and many advise about available supports, but few refer patients to SC services. Where offered, referrals were to hospital SC services and/or nicotine replacement therapy was prescribed; no HCP prescribed varenicline or bupropion. Barriers included lack of time, ill-defined referral pathways and lack of knowledge. (2) Increased willingness but differing ability to quit: most patients were interested in quitting post diagnosis and had varying support needs, linked to cancer stage, social circumstances and stress levels. (3) Need for an integrated or parallel service: all HCPs suggested that a structured and defined referral pathway will facilitate SC. (4) Motivational counselling and pharmacotherapy combination: many HCPs suggested face to face as the best mode of intervention initially, with regular follow ups and ongoing support virtually, started pre-treatment, with an empathetic and empowering approach with provision of both motivational counselling and SC pharmacotherapy. Conclusions Smoking post cancer diagnosis has serious implications for cancer treatment and prognosis but is frequently overlooked. These findings will inform the design of a SC pathway for cancer patients. Key messages • Despite increased willingness to quit, there is inadequate and inconsistent SC support provision for cancer patients. • Tailored SC support should be an integral part of comprehensive cancer care.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Fitzpatrick
- School of Public Health, Physiotherapy and Sports Science, University College Dublin , Dublin, Ireland
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Health Promotion, St. Vincent’s University Hospital , Dublin, Ireland
| | - N Bhardwaj
- School of Public Health, Physiotherapy and Sports Science, University College Dublin , Dublin, Ireland
| | - S Syed
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Health Promotion, St. Vincent’s University Hospital , Dublin, Ireland
| | - P Fox
- School of Nursing, Midwifery & Health Systems, University College Dublin , Dublin, Ireland
| | - K Frazer
- School of Nursing, Midwifery & Health Systems, University College Dublin , Dublin, Ireland
| | - V Niranjan
- School of Public Health, Physiotherapy and Sports Science, University College Dublin , Dublin, Ireland
| | - A Lyons
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Health Promotion, St. Vincent’s University Hospital , Dublin, Ireland
| | - A McCann
- Biomolecular & Biomedical Research Institute, University College Dublin , Dublin, Ireland
| | - S Brennan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, St. Luke’s Radiation Oncology Network , Dublin, Ireland
| | - S Guerin
- School of Psychology, University College Dublin , Dublin, Ireland
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18
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Hari K, Guerin S. Engineered growth of polycrystalline amino acid films for eco-friendly piezoelectric sensing. Acta Cryst Sect A 2022. [DOI: 10.1107/s2053273322092695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/19/2023]
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19
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Molumby M, Gaynor K, Guerin S, McNamara R. Examining Attitudes to Psilocybin: Should Candidates for Medical Psilocybin be Required to Pass a Contextual Suitability Test? Journal of Humanistic Psychology 2022. [DOI: 10.1177/00221678221110331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Due to increasing evidence of efficacy in treating mental health disorders, psilocybin may become a legal medicinal drug. This study tested the validity of Carhart-Harris and Nutt’s (2017) model of extra-pharmacological (EP) factors. It examined whether such factors should be considered in any psychological suitability test for medicinally prescribed psilocybin. Two hundred nineteen participants (101 self-identified females, 109 males, seven nonbinary people, and two who preferred not to say), in an age range of 18 to 68 years, completed three online measures of personality— Set, Setting, and Intention—and the Attitudes Toward Psilocybin (ATP) scale. The sample was equally divided between those who had used psychedelics (52.1%) and those who had no previous psychedelic use (47.5%). A series of stepwise linear regressions were run to examine whether EP factors predicted ATP scores. The ATP scale was tested for reliability, construct validity, and determinant validity and was deemed an appropriate measure. A model consisting of a positive Set, Openness to Experience, and lower Extraversion significantly predicted ATP scores. These findings supported the EP model and suggested that a suitability test may be a useful tool when determining whether a prescription of psilocybin is an appropriate course of treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark Molumby
- School of Psychology, University College Dublin, Newman Building, Belfield Campus, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Keith Gaynor
- School of Psychology, University College Dublin, Newman Building, Belfield Campus, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Suzanne Guerin
- School of Psychology, University College Dublin, Newman Building, Belfield Campus, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Róisín McNamara
- School of Psychology, University College Dublin, Newman Building, Belfield Campus, Dublin 4, Ireland
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20
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Rukundo A, Fox S, Guerin S, Kernohan G, Drennan J, O'Connor N, Timmons S. How blogs support the transfer of knowledge into practice in the field of dementia palliative care: a survey of facilitators and barriers. BMC Palliat Care 2022; 21:117. [PMID: 35778712 PMCID: PMC9248102 DOI: 10.1186/s12904-022-01001-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2022] [Accepted: 05/31/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Blogging can help to maximise the impact of one’s work in academia and beyond by making research findings accessible for multiple knowledge users, such as healthcare professionals and the public, as well as other researchers. As part of the knowledge exchange and dissemination activities of the Model for Dementia Palliative Care Project, this study explored stakeholders’ views of blogs as a means to translate research findings. Methods A web-based survey was developed, piloted, and revised. It was distributed electronically via key dementia and palliative care organisations websites, newsletters, social media platforms, and within the staff mailing lists of five Universities in Ireland. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics and content analysis. Results Complete responses were received from 128 participants. The majority of respondents were healthcare researchers (n = 53), followed by healthcare providers (n = 46). The preferred methods of reviewing research findings were scientific papers, websites and news articles. Respondents read healthcare blogs “sometimes” (39.1%), with < 19% reading them “often” or “very often”. Receiving an email notification might increase the likelihood of reading a new blog post for 83% of respondents. Barriers to engaging with blogs included lack of time, preference for other media, lack of awareness regarding available blogs, and concerns about the credibility and source of information. An appropriate length and the author of the blog were key features that encouraged engagement with a blog. Conclusions Despite respondents choosing a scientific paper as their preferred method to consume research findings, many indicated an openness to reading blogs on their area of interest. Creating concise, relevant, and credible blogs, and suitably promoting them, could increase the impact and reach of healthcare research, such as in the emerging field of dementia palliative care, and thus promote translation of research findings into practice. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12904-022-01001-7.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aphie Rukundo
- Centre for Gerontology and Rehabilitation, School of Medicine, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland.
| | - Siobhan Fox
- Centre for Gerontology and Rehabilitation, School of Medicine, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Suzanne Guerin
- School of Psychology, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - George Kernohan
- School of Nursing and Paramedic Science, Ulster University, Belfast, Northern Ireland
| | - Jonathan Drennan
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Niamh O'Connor
- Centre for Gerontology and Rehabilitation, School of Medicine, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Suzanne Timmons
- Centre for Gerontology and Rehabilitation, School of Medicine, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
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21
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Delemere E, Guerin S, Kiernan G, Kinsella E, Gitonga I, Maguire R. Perceived impacts of a therapeutic recreation based hospital outreach programme (HOP) for children with chronic or severe illness: Qualitative analysis. Complement Ther Clin Pract 2022; 49:101646. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ctcp.2022.101646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2022] [Revised: 07/21/2022] [Accepted: 07/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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22
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Carolan C, O'Flynn A, Guerin S. Exploring Models of Care and the Perceived Impact in an Offender Rehabilitation Program. Int J Offender Ther Comp Criminol 2022; 66:914-930. [PMID: 34605305 DOI: 10.1177/0306624x211049201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Offender rehabilitation programs incorporating positive psychology interventions such as a strengths-based model can be effective. This study explores the perceived model of service provided by an offender rehabilitation service and the perceived impact that this service has on the lives of its clients. A qualitative methodology was employed in the context of an action research design, using semi-structured interviews with key stakeholders. The data were analyzed using thematic analysis which is an independent and reliable approach to qualitative analysis. The findings suggest that participants perceive the organization to be operating a strengths-based approach and this is perceived as having the potential to have a range of positive effects for clients. Some contrasting views were also identified within the participant groups and these are discussed in this paper. The results of this study complement the existing research and have several implications for future research in this area.
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23
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Nicholson E, Doherty E, Guerin S, Schreiber J, Barrett M, McAuliffe E. Healthcare utilisation and unmet health needs in children with intellectual disability: a propensity score matching approach using longitudinal cohort data. J Intellect Disabil Res 2022; 66:442-453. [PMID: 35285998 PMCID: PMC9310956 DOI: 10.1111/jir.12927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2021] [Revised: 01/25/2022] [Accepted: 02/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Health disparities for children with intellectual disabilities can be challenging to measure due to many other factors that can impact health and healthcare use. The aim of the current study was to use longitudinal cohort data to compare children with intellectual disability (ID) in Ireland between 2006 and 2014 on healthcare utilisation and unmet need, at ages 9 and 13, using a propensity score matching (PSM) approach. METHODS Using data from the Growing up in Ireland study, PSM was used to identify an appropriate control sample to compare with a sample of children with ID (n = 124). Participants were matched on variables that are known to influence healthcare utilisation to reduce the impact of confounding variables between groups so that differences between the groups can be estimated. Logistic regression was used to estimate effects at ages 9 and 13. RESULTS Children with ID were no more likely to have visited a general practitioner or emergency department in the past 12 months than children without ID. They did have a greater likelihood of visiting a doctor in a hospital in the past 12 months and of having an overnight stay in hospital by age 9. Primary caregivers of children with ID were more likely to report unmet health needs at ages 9 and 13. CONCLUSIONS This approach is a novel means of comparing healthcare use in this population by balancing the impact of other factors that may result in inequities, to which children with ID may be more vulnerable.
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Affiliation(s)
- E. Nicholson
- UCD Centre for Interdisciplinary Research, Education and Innovation in Health Systems (IRIS)UCD School of Nursing, Midwifery and Health Systems, UCD College of Health and Agricultural SciencesDublinIreland
- School of Psychology, Faculty of Science and HealthDublin City UniversityGlasnevin CampusDublin 9Ireland
| | - E. Doherty
- J.E. Cairnes School of Business & EconomicsNational University of Ireland GalwayGalwayIreland
| | - S. Guerin
- UCD Centre for Disability StudiesUCD School of Psychology, University College DublinDublinIreland
| | - J. Schreiber
- School of NursingDuquesne UniversityPittsburghPAUSA
| | - M. Barrett
- Children's Health Ireland (CHI) at CrumlinDublinIreland
- UCD School of MedicineUCD College of Health and Agricultural SciencesDublinIreland
| | - E. McAuliffe
- UCD Centre for Interdisciplinary Research, Education and Innovation in Health Systems (IRIS)UCD School of Nursing, Midwifery and Health Systems, UCD College of Health and Agricultural SciencesDublinIreland
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24
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Dodd A, Guerin S, Delaney S, Dodd P. How can we know what we don't know? An exploration of professionals' engagement with complicated grief. Patient Educ Couns 2022; 105:1329-1337. [PMID: 34656389 DOI: 10.1016/j.pec.2021.09.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2021] [Revised: 08/07/2021] [Accepted: 09/08/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Research has shown that complicated grief has the potential to adversely affect bereaved individuals, and in this context, understanding how mental health professionals engage with it in practice is of relevance. Gaining an understanding of professionals' knowledge, attitudes, skills and training in relation to complicated grief could provide insights that will inform their training and professional development. The aim of this study was to consider professionals' engagement with complicated grief, as represented by self-reported knowledge, attitudes, skills and training. METHODS The study used a three-phase mixed methods design (systematic review, qualitative interviews, and a quantitative survey) with empirical data being collected from psychologists, psychiatrists and counselor/psychotherapists. RESULTS Analysis yielded 15 integrated findings across the three phases, which were grouped into two clusters: the first highlighted tension between professionals' reported confidence and competence and the second explored the parameters and contribution of research and training in this area. CONCLUSION Professionals' perception of their competence to work with complicated grief seems overstated and research and professional practice are not aligned. PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS These findings are positioned to inform empirically supported training that addresses identified deficits in professionals' knowledge, attitudes and skills. It is important therefore that training is reflective of the needs of different professional groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne Dodd
- UCD School of Psychology, Newman Building, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland.
| | - Suzanne Guerin
- UCD School of Psychology, Newman Building, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland.
| | - Susan Delaney
- Irish Hospice Foundation, Morrison Chambers, Nassau St, Dublin 2, Ireland.
| | - Philip Dodd
- St Michael's House Intellectual Disability Service, Ballymun Rd, Dublin 9, Ireland.
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25
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Hanlon P, Kiernan G, Guerin S. Camp Draws You Back Into Life Again: Exploring the Impact of a Therapeutic Recreation-Based Bereavement Camp for Families Who Have Lost a Child to Serious Illness. Omega (Westport) 2022:302228221075282. [PMID: 35438594 DOI: 10.1177/00302228221075282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
This qualitative study explores the perceptions of impact associated with engaging in a therapeutic recreation-based bereavement camp for families whose child has died from serious illness. Interviews were completed with 12 parents who had participated in a three-camp cycle of the program over 12-month period, including a subgroup who had also attended a reunion camp. Interviews were also conducted with program staff. Thematic analysis generated key themes relating to the perceived impact which suggest that those engaged in this program perceived positive contributions associated with participation, including perceptions of positive impact on coping with bereavement, access to support and implications for family functioning. This study highlights the areas of impact associated with engagement in a therapeutic recreation-based bereavement intervention, and the potential contribution of wider access to these programs for families whose child has died from serious illness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Hanlon
- School of Psychology, RinggoldID:8797University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Gemma Kiernan
- School of Nursing, Psychotherapy and Community Health, Dublin City University, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Suzanne Guerin
- School of Psychology, RinggoldID:8797University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
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26
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Boland G, Guerin S. Connecting locally: An examination of the role of service providers in supporting the social inclusion of adults with intellectual disabilities in their neighbourhoods. Policy Practice Intel Disabi 2022. [DOI: 10.1111/jppi.12419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Geraldine Boland
- UCD Centre for Disability Studies, UCD School of Psychology University College Dublin Dublin Ireland
| | - Suzanne Guerin
- UCD Centre for Disability Studies, UCD School of Psychology University College Dublin Dublin Ireland
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Nicholson E, Conlon C, Mimmo L, Doherty E, Guerin S. Unscheduled healthcare for children with intellectual disabilities: A systematic scoping review. J Appl Res Intellect Disabil 2022; 35:736-751. [PMID: 35322908 PMCID: PMC9314007 DOI: 10.1111/jar.12994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2020] [Revised: 03/03/2022] [Accepted: 03/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Background The provision of unscheduled healthcare for children with intellectual disability is less researched than that focused on hospital settings or for adult services. The aim of the scoping review was to map the evidence base in this area and identify areas for future study. Method A five‐stage scoping review framework was adopted. CINAHL, PubMed, SCOPUS, PsycINFO, Embase, ProQuest Dissertation & Theses and Google Scholar were searched. Studies published in English after 1/1/2000 were considered eligible for inclusion. Results A total of 3158 titles and abstracts were screened, 137 full‐text articles were reviewed, and 25 papers met the inclusion criteria. Descriptive themes focused on inequities, needs and experiences of families', poor GP training, and limitations of existing evidence. Conclusion Describing trends in healthcare utilisation by this population is valuable for monitoring quality of healthcare, however, addressing observed inequities will require approaches that recognise specific issues within the health system that result in inequities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma Nicholson
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research, Education and Innovation in Health Systems (IRIS), UCD School of Nursing, Midwifery & Health Systems, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.,School of Psychology, Faculty of Science and Health, Dublin City University, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Ciara Conlon
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research, Education and Innovation in Health Systems (IRIS), UCD School of Nursing, Midwifery & Health Systems, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Laurel Mimmo
- School of Public Health & Community Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Edel Doherty
- J.E. Cairnes School of Business & Economics, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - Suzanne Guerin
- UCD Centre for Disability Studies, UCD School of Psychology, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
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O'Connor N, Fox S, Kernohan WG, Drennan J, Guerin S, Murphy A, Timmons S. A scoping review of the evidence for community-based dementia palliative care services and their related service activities. BMC Palliat Care 2022; 21:32. [PMID: 35264118 PMCID: PMC8905782 DOI: 10.1186/s12904-022-00922-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2021] [Accepted: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Palliative care is identified internationally as a priority for efficacious dementia care. Research into “effective models” of palliative care for people with dementia has been recommended by several European countries. To build an effective service-delivery model we must gain an understanding of existing models used in similar settings. The study aim is to identify core components of extant models of palliative care for people with dementia, and their families, who are living at home in the community. Methods A scoping review was employed. The search strategy was devised to identify all peer-reviewed research papers relating to the above aim. This process was iterative, and the search strategy was refined as evidence emerged and was reviewed. All types of study designs and both quantitative and qualitative studies of non-pharmacological interventions were considered for inclusion. Results The search identified 2,754 unique citations, of which 18 papers were deemed eligible for inclusion. Although a palliative care approach is recommended from early in the disease process, most evidence involves end-of-life care or advanced dementia and pertains to residential care. The majority of the research reviewed focused on the effects of advance care planning, and end-of-life care; specialist palliative care input, and/or generalist palliative care provided by dementia services to enable people to remain at home and to reduce costs of care. Community staff training in palliative care appeared to improve engagement with Specialist Palliative Care teams. Integration of dementia and palliative care services was found to improve care received for people with dementia and their carers. Conclusions While the evidence for integration of dementia and palliative care services is promising, further high-quality research is necessary particularly to identify the key components of palliative care for people living with dementia. This is imperative to enable people with dementia to inform their own care, to stay living at home for as long as possible, and, where appropriate, to die at home. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12904-022-00922-7.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niamh O'Connor
- Centre for Gerontology and Rehabilitation, School of Medicine, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Siobhan Fox
- Centre for Gerontology and Rehabilitation, School of Medicine, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland. .,Centre for Gerontology and Rehabilitation, The Bungalow, St Finbarr's Hospital, Block 13, Douglas road, T12XH60, Cork, Republic of Ireland.
| | - W George Kernohan
- Institute of Nursing and Health Research, Ulster University, Newtownabbey, Northern Ireland
| | - Jonathan Drennan
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Suzanne Guerin
- School of Psychology, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Aileen Murphy
- Department of Economics, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Suzanne Timmons
- Centre for Gerontology and Rehabilitation, School of Medicine, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
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Timmons S, Fox S, Drennan J, Guerin S, Kernohan WG. Palliative care for older people with dementia-we need a paradigm shift in our approach. Age Ageing 2022; 51:6554093. [PMID: 35333919 PMCID: PMC8955433 DOI: 10.1093/ageing/afac066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Older people with dementia have multiple palliative care needs, with pain, agitation, dyspnoea, aspiration and pressure ulcers being common and persistent in advanced dementia. Anticipating the person's possible symptoms requires knowledge of the whole person, including the type of dementia, which is problematic when the dementia type is often not documented. A palliative care approach to dementia should look at symptoms across the four pillars of palliative care, but in reality, we tend to over-focus on physical and psychological symptoms, while spiritual and emotional needs can be overlooked, especially around the time of diagnosis, where such needs may be significant. Advance care planning (ACP) is a central tenet of good dementia palliative care, as the person may lose their ability to communicate and make complex decisions over time. Despite this, care planning is often approached too late, and with the person's family rather than with the person; much of the literature on ACP in dementia is based on proxy decision-making for people in residential care. Thus, we need a paradigm shift in how we approach dementia, beginning with timely diagnosis that includes the dementia type, and with services able to assess and meet emotional and spiritual needs especially around the time of diagnosis, and with timely ACP as an integral part of our overall approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suzanne Timmons
- Centre for Gerontology and Rehabilitation, School of Medicine, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
- Address correspondence to: Suzanne Timmons, Centre for Gerontology and Rehabilitation, Block 13, St. Finbarr’s Hospital, Douglas Road, Cork, Ireland.
| | - Siobhan Fox
- Centre for Gerontology and Rehabilitation, School of Medicine, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | | | - Suzanne Guerin
- School of Psychology, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - W George Kernohan
- Institute of Nursing and Health Research, Ulster University, Belfast, Northern Ireland
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McCarthy E, Guerin S. Family-centred care in early intervention: A systematic review of the processes and outcomes of family-centred care and impacting factors. Child Care Health Dev 2022; 48:1-32. [PMID: 34324725 DOI: 10.1111/cch.12901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2020] [Revised: 07/17/2021] [Accepted: 07/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Family-centred care (FCC) has been established as a best practice model for child disability services internationally. However, further empirical support is required to explore the operationalization and efficacy of FCC, in the absence of a universal practice model. This review aimed to identify the key processes and outcomes of FCC in early intervention (EI) settings and the factors that impact FCC. A systemic review was conducted exploring the processes and outcomes of FCC delivered to children predominantly aged 0-6 years with disabilities/suspected disabilities and families as part of EI or early services. The search procedure was informed by the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines (Moher et al., 2009). Narrative analysis of data was guided by Braun and Clarke (2006, 2014). Data were presented as per the standards for reporting qualitative research (SRQR; O'Brien et al., 2014). Forty-two studies were included. The majority (90.5%) outlined the processes of FCC, with 59.5% of studies detailing outcomes. Processes were largely reported as qualitative data and/or subscales of the Measure of Processes of Care (MPOC; King et al., 1995), which were subsequently collated. Findings indicated eight key operational processes and corresponding outcomes. Variables that hinder or facilitate FCC included family/professional characteristics, family/service resources, and parent attitudes, engagement and agency. FCC was largely conceptualized as the application of services to children and their families. Critical perspectives on FCC are discussed. It is hoped this research will contribute to the development of a framework of FCC in EI to inform services provided to young children with complex needs and their families and future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elaine McCarthy
- UCD School of Psychology, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.,Health Service Executive, CHO Area 5, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Suzanne Guerin
- UCD School of Psychology, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
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Guerin S, Blanchon S, de Halleux Q, Bayon V, Ferry T. Long term NIV in an infant with Hallermann-Streiff syndrome: A case report and overview of respiratory morbidity. Front Pediatr 2022; 10:1039964. [PMID: 36405833 PMCID: PMC9669373 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2022.1039964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2022] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Hallermann-Streiff syndrome (HSS) is a rare congenital syndrome with different anomalies including midface hypoplasia, beak nose and micrognathia. The upper airways narrowness can lead to severe respiratory complications such as obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome (OSAS), particularly in infancy. The management of these severe OSAS is difficult and poorly documented in literature. We report the case of an infant with HSS complicated by severe and early OSAS successfully managed with non-invasive ventilation (NIV), provide an overview of respiratory morbidities and discuss treatment options for HSS-related OSAS.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Guerin
- Unité de Pneumologie et Mucoviscidose Pédiatrique, Département Femme-Mère-Enfant, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois et Université de Lausanne, Lausanne, Suisse
- Correspondence: S. Guerin
| | - S Blanchon
- Unité de Pneumologie et Mucoviscidose Pédiatrique, Département Femme-Mère-Enfant, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois et Université de Lausanne, Lausanne, Suisse
| | - Q de Halleux
- Unité de Physiothérapie Pédiatrique, Département Femme-Mère-Enfant, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, Lausanne, Suisse
| | - V Bayon
- Centre d’Investigation et de Recherche sur le Sommeil, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois et Université de Lausanne, Lausanne, Suisse
| | - T Ferry
- Soins Intensifs Pédiatriques, Département Femme-Mère-Enfant, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois et Université de Lausanne, Lausanne, Suisse
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Matthys O, De Vleminck A, Dierickx S, Deliens L, Van Goethem V, Lapeire L, Groenvold M, Lund L, Arnfeldt CM, Sengeloev L, Pappot H, Johnsen AT, Guerin S, Larkin PJ, Jordan C, Connolly M, D'Alton P, Costantini M, Di Leo S, Guberti M, Turola E, van der Heide A, Witkamp E, Rietjens J, van der Wel M, Brazil K, Prue G, Reid J, Scott D, Bristowe K, Harding R, Normand C, May P, Cronin C, Northouse L, Hudson P, Cohen J. Effectiveness of a nurse-delivered (FOCUS+) and a web-based (iFOCUS) psychoeducational intervention for people with advanced cancer and their family caregivers (DIAdIC): study protocol for an international randomized controlled trial. BMC Palliat Care 2021; 20:193. [PMID: 34963453 PMCID: PMC8713043 DOI: 10.1186/s12904-021-00895-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2020] [Accepted: 12/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Worldwide, millions of people with advanced cancer and their family caregivers are experiencing physical and psychological distress. Psychosocial support and education can reduce distress and prevent avoidable healthcare resource use. To date, we lack knowledge from large-scale studies on which interventions generate positive outcomes for people with cancer and their informal caregivers’ quality of life. This protocol describes the DIAdIC study that will evaluate the effectiveness of two psychosocial and educational interventions aimed at improving patient-family caregiver dyads’ emotional functioning and self-efficacy. Methods We will conduct an international multicenter three-arm randomized controlled trial in Belgium, Denmark, Ireland, Italy, The Netherlands, and the United Kingdom. In each country, 156 dyads (936 in total) of people with advanced cancer and their family caregiver will be randomized to one of the study arms: 1) a nurse-led face-to-face intervention (FOCUS+), 2) a web-based intervention (iFOCUS) or 3) a control group (care as usual). The two interventions offer tailored psychoeducational support for patient-family caregiver dyads. The nurse-led face-to-face intervention consists of two home visits and one online video session and the web-based intervention is completed independently by the patient-family caregiver dyad in four online sessions. The interventions are based on the FOCUS intervention, developed in the USA, that addresses five core components: family involvement, optimistic outlook, coping effectiveness, uncertainty reduction, and symptom management. The FOCUS intervention will be adapted to the European context. The primary outcomes are emotional functioning and self-efficacy of the patient and the family caregiver, respectively. The secondary outcomes are quality of life, benefits of illness, coping, dyadic communication, and ways of giving support of the patient and family caregiver. Discussion DIAdIC aims to develop cost-effective interventions that integrate principles of early palliative care into standard care. The cross-country setup in six European countries allows for comparison of effectiveness of the interventions in different healthcare systems across Europe. By focusing on empowerment of the person with cancer and their family caregiver, the results of this RCT can contribute to the search for cost-effective novel interventions that can relieve constraints on professional healthcare. Trial registration Registration on ClinicalTrials.gov on 12/11/2020, identifier NCT04626349. Date and version identifier 20211209_DIAdIC_Protocol_Article. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12904-021-00895-z.
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Affiliation(s)
- Orphé Matthys
- End-of-life Care Research Group, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB) & Ghent University, Brussels, Belgium.
| | - Aline De Vleminck
- End-of-life Care Research Group, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB) & Ghent University, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Sigrid Dierickx
- End-of-life Care Research Group, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB) & Ghent University, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Luc Deliens
- End-of-life Care Research Group, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB) & Ghent University, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Vincent Van Goethem
- End-of-life Care Research Group, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB) & Ghent University, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Lore Lapeire
- Department of Medical Oncology, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Mogens Groenvold
- Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen and Palliative Care Research Unit, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Line Lund
- Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen and Palliative Care Research Unit, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Caroline Moeller Arnfeldt
- Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen and Palliative Care Research Unit, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Lisa Sengeloev
- Department of Oncology, Herlev Gentofte University Hospital, Herlev, Denmark
| | - Helle Pappot
- Department of Oncology, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | - Suzanne Guerin
- UCD School of Psychology, University College Dublin, Belfield, Ireland
| | - Philip J Larkin
- Palliative and Supportive Care Service, Chair of Palliative Care Nursing, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Catherine Jordan
- UCD School of Psychology, University College Dublin, Belfield, Ireland
| | - Michael Connolly
- School of Nursing, Midwifery and Health Systems, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Paul D'Alton
- UCD School of Psychology, University College Dublin, Belfield, Ireland
| | - Massimo Costantini
- Scientific Directorate, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Silvia Di Leo
- Psycho-oncology Unit, Azienda USL - IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Monica Guberti
- Nursing & Health Care Professions Directorate, Azienda USL-IRCCS, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Elena Turola
- Scientific Directorate, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Agnes van der Heide
- Deparmtent of Public Health, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Erika Witkamp
- Deparmtent of Public Health, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Judith Rietjens
- Deparmtent of Public Health, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Maaike van der Wel
- Deparmtent of Public Health, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Kevin Brazil
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Queen's University of Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast, Northern Ireland, BT9 7BL, UK
| | - Gillian Prue
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Queen's University of Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast, Northern Ireland, BT9 7BL, UK
| | - Joanne Reid
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Queen's University of Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast, Northern Ireland, BT9 7BL, UK
| | - David Scott
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Queen's University of Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast, Northern Ireland, BT9 7BL, UK
| | - Katherine Bristowe
- King's College London, Florence Nightingale Faculty of Nursing Midwifery and Palliative Care, Cicely Saunders Institute, London, UK
| | - Richard Harding
- King's College London, Florence Nightingale Faculty of Nursing Midwifery and Palliative Care, Cicely Saunders Institute, London, UK
| | - Charles Normand
- Centre for Health Policy and Management, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.,Cicely Saunders Institute of Palliative Care, Policy and Rehabilitation, London, UK
| | - Peter May
- Centre for Health Policy and Management, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.,The Irish Longitudinal Study on Ageing, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Catherine Cronin
- Centre for Health Policy and Management, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | | | - Peter Hudson
- Centre for Palliative Care, St Vincent's Hospital, Melbourne, Australia.,Vrije University Brussels (VUB), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Joachim Cohen
- End-of-life Care Research Group, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB) & Ghent University, Brussels, Belgium
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Elbardesy H, Sheridan GA, Guerin S. Giant Cell Tumor of the Femoral Head: A Case Report and Review of the Literature. J Orthop Case Rep 2021; 11:48-51. [PMID: 34557439 PMCID: PMC8422002 DOI: 10.13107/jocr.2021.v11.i05.2202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Giant cell tumors (GCTs) of the bone are uncommon primary bone neoplasms that occur mainly in the epiphysis of long bones. GCT of the femoral head is rarely encountered. Case Report We report a rare case of GCT of the femoral head in a 20-year-old female. The patient presented with pathological fracture. The patient underwent total hip arthroplasty (THA). The aim of this paper is to present a case study with pathological fracture of the femoral head and to report the results of a literature review. Conclusion The treatment of choice for GCT of the proximal femur is a hip arthroplasty with either a standard THA for small confined tumors or endoprosthesis insertion for more extensive tumors. Joint preserving procedures have a high revision rate (47.06%). Denosumab has been tried as a neoadjuvant treatment with some success in certain cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hany Elbardesy
- Department of Trauma and Orthopaedic, Cork University Hospital, Wilton, Cork, Ireland
| | - G A Sheridan
- Department of Trauma and Orthopaedic, Cork University Hospital, Wilton, Cork, Ireland
| | - S Guerin
- Department of Trauma and Orthopaedic, Cork University Hospital, Wilton, Cork, Ireland
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Guerin S, Bertille N, Khraiche D, Bonnet D, Lebourgeois M, Goffinet F, Lelong N, Khoshnood B, Delacourt C. Respiratory morbidity in children with congenital heart disease. Arch Pediatr 2021; 28:525-529. [PMID: 34497013 DOI: 10.1016/j.arcped.2021.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2020] [Revised: 04/06/2021] [Accepted: 07/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the respiratory outcome in children with congenital heart disease (CHD), considering recent management procedures and the CHD pathophysiology. DESIGN AND SETTING Clinical and functional respiratory outcome were evaluated in 8-year-old children with isolated CHD followed up from birth in the prospective population-based EPICARD cohort. PATIENTS Children were assigned to two groups, based on the pathophysiology of the CHD: CHDs with left-to-right shunt (n = 212) and CHDs with right outflow tract obstruction (n = 113). RESULTS Current wheezing episodes were observed in 15% of the children with isolated CHD and left-to-right shunt, and 11% of the children with isolated CHD and right outflow tract obstruction (not significant). Total lung capacity (TLC) was the only respiratory function parameter that significantly differed between the two groups. It was lower in children with left-to-right shunt (88.72 ± 0.65% predicted) than in those with right outflow tract obstruction (91.84 ± 0.96, p = 0.006). In multivariate analysis, CHD with left-to-right shunt (coeff. [95% CI]: -3.17 [-5.45; -0.89]) and surgery before the age of 2 months (-6.52 [-10.90; -2.15]) were identified as independent factors associated with significantly lower TLC values. CONCLUSION Lower TLC remains a long-term complication in CHD, particularly in cases with left-to-right shunt and in patients requiring early repair. These findings suggest that an increase in pulmonary blood flow may directly impair lung development.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Guerin
- Pediatric Pulmonology, Centre de référence des Maladies Respiratoires Rares - RESPIRARE, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Assistance Publique des Hôpitaux de Paris, 75015 Paris, France; Current address for Sophie GUERIN: Unité de pneumologie pédiatrique - Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois (CHUV), Lausanne, Switzerland.
| | - N Bertille
- INSERM UMR 1153, Obstetric, Perinatal and Pediatric Epidemiology Research Team (Epopé) Research Center for Epidemiology and Biostatistics Sorbonne Paris Cité (CRESS), 75014 Paris, France
| | - D Khraiche
- Pediatric Cardiology, Centre de Référence Malformations Cardiaques Congénitales Complexes - M3C, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Assistance Publique des Hôpitaux de Paris, 75015 Paris, France
| | - D Bonnet
- Pediatric Cardiology, Centre de Référence Malformations Cardiaques Congénitales Complexes - M3C, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Assistance Publique des Hôpitaux de Paris, 75015 Paris, France; Paris-Descartes University, University of Paris, Faculty of Medicine, 75006 Paris, France
| | - M Lebourgeois
- Pediatric Pulmonology, Centre de référence des Maladies Respiratoires Rares - RESPIRARE, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Assistance Publique des Hôpitaux de Paris, 75015 Paris, France
| | - F Goffinet
- INSERM UMR 1153, Obstetric, Perinatal and Pediatric Epidemiology Research Team (Epopé) Research Center for Epidemiology and Biostatistics Sorbonne Paris Cité (CRESS), 75014 Paris, France; Paris-Descartes University, University of Paris, Faculty of Medicine, 75006 Paris, France
| | - N Lelong
- INSERM UMR 1153, Obstetric, Perinatal and Pediatric Epidemiology Research Team (Epopé) Research Center for Epidemiology and Biostatistics Sorbonne Paris Cité (CRESS), 75014 Paris, France
| | - B Khoshnood
- INSERM UMR 1153, Obstetric, Perinatal and Pediatric Epidemiology Research Team (Epopé) Research Center for Epidemiology and Biostatistics Sorbonne Paris Cité (CRESS), 75014 Paris, France
| | - C Delacourt
- Pediatric Pulmonology, Centre de référence des Maladies Respiratoires Rares - RESPIRARE, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Assistance Publique des Hôpitaux de Paris, 75015 Paris, France; Paris-Descartes University, University of Paris, Faculty of Medicine, 75006 Paris, France
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Ryder M, Gallagher P, Coughlan B, Halligan P, Guerin S, Connolly M. Nursing and midwifery workforce readiness during a global pandemic: A survey of the experience of one hospital group in the Republic of Ireland. J Nurs Manag 2021; 30:25-32. [PMID: 34473868 PMCID: PMC8646494 DOI: 10.1111/jonm.13461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2021] [Revised: 07/08/2021] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
AIM To explore the mobilization of nurses/midwives in a designated hospital group in Ireland during a global pandemic. BACKGROUND The recent global pandemic has resulted in the large-scale worldwide mobilization of registered nurses and midwives working in the acute care sector. There is a dearth of literature reporting the mobilization of this professional workforce. METHOD Mixed-methods design using an electronic survey and facilitated discussion across one Irish hospital group. RESULTS Eight of 11 hospitals responded to the survey. There was a 2% vacancy rate prior to the pandemic. Mobilization included reconfiguration of clinical areas and redeployment of 9% of the nursing/midwifery workforce within 2 weeks of the pandemic. A total of 11% (n = 343) of nurses/midwives were redeployed in 3 months. Nurses/midwives required re-skilling in infection prevention control, enhancement of critical care skills and documentation. CONCLUSIONS Three key areas were identified to enable the nursing workforce readiness. These are referred to as the three 'R's': Reconfiguration of specific resources, Redeployment of nurses to dedicated specialist areas and Re-skilling of nurses to safely care for the patients during the pandemic. IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING MANAGEMENT A centralized approach to reconfiguration of clinical areas. Redeployment is enabled by closing non-essential departments. Hands-on re-skilling and reorientating staff are essential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary Ryder
- School of Nursing, Midwifery and Health Systems, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.,Department of Nursing, St. Vincent's University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | | | - Barbara Coughlan
- School of Nursing, Midwifery and Health Systems, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Phil Halligan
- School of Nursing, Midwifery and Health Systems, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Suzanne Guerin
- School of Psychology, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Michael Connolly
- School of Nursing, Midwifery and Health Systems, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
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McCausland D, Guerin S, Tyrrell J, Donohoe C, O'Donoghue I, Dodd P. A qualitative study of the needs of older adults with intellectual disabilities. J Appl Res Intellect Disabil 2021; 34:1560-1568. [PMID: 34124818 DOI: 10.1111/jar.12900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2020] [Revised: 03/11/2021] [Accepted: 04/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Research indicates that adults with intellectual disabilities are living longer. However, there is limited research on how this affects health and care needs. OBJECTIVE The present study aimed to examine the health and social care needs of older adults with intellectual disabilities in Ireland using multiple informants. METHODS Data were gathered from a sample of 20 adults aged 50 years or older (Mean = 59.1, SD = 5.9, range = 50-72; 11 female). The sample included individuals with mild (n = 7), moderate (n = 10) and severe/profound (n = 3) intellectual disabilities. Additional data from keyworkers (n = 19) and family carers (n = 15) provided a more complete understanding of needs. RESULTS Results revealed some areas of agreement and difference between adults with intellectual disability and their carers regarding the social care, employment, retirement, physical and mental health needs of this population. CONCLUSIONS The findings of this study have potential implications for the provision of high-quality services for older adults with intellectual disabilities.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Suzanne Guerin
- UCD School of Psychology, University College Dublin, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | | | - Clare Donohoe
- St Michael's House Disability Services, Dublin 9, Ireland
| | | | - Philip Dodd
- St Michael's House Disability Services, Dublin 9, Ireland
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White L, Agbana S, Connolly M, Larkin P, Guerin S. Palliative care competencies and education needs of nurses and healthcare assistants involved in the provision of supportive palliative care. Int J Palliat Nurs 2021; 27:195-204. [PMID: 34169741 DOI: 10.12968/ijpn.2021.27.4.195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This paper investigates the palliative care competencies (knowledge, behaviours, attitudes) and education needs of nurses and healthcare assistants (HCAs) who provide supportive (Level 2) palliative care. METHODS A mixed-methods study using a sequential exploratory design was used, with findings integrated across sources. Qualitative focus groups were conducted in 2018 with a sample of staff (n=11, all female; nurses=4; HCAs=7) providing supportive palliative care in a single service setting. A quantitative survey, also conducted in 2018, explored the issue with a wider sample within the same setting (n=36; nurses=18; HCAs=18; female=32). RESULTS Qualitatively, communication was highlighted as an important domain of the competence framework, with many participants acknowledging that the ability to communicate effectively is essential. Quantitatively, participants scored in the lower range for competency variables. A significant difference was observed between HCAs and nurses on measures of knowledge (t= -2.718; df=30; p<.05) and behaviour (t=-3.576; df=30; p<.05), with HCAs scoring significantly higher than nurses. In relation to education, while some participants report being indecisive regarding engaging in education/training, others highlighted the benefit of education, especially its ability to impact on their current practice. CONCLUSION This research contributes to understanding palliative care competencies among nurses and HCAs working in palliative care, and has important implications for the education and training of nurses and HCAs working in Level 2 palliative care in Ireland.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lynn White
- Postgraduate Student, School of Psychology, University College Dublin, Ireland
| | - Sharon Agbana
- Postgraduate Student, School of Nursing, Midwifery and Health Systems, University College Dublin, Ireland & Clinical Nurse Specialist, Our Lady's Hospice and Care Services, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Michael Connolly
- Associate Professor, UCD School of Nursing, Midwifery and Health Systems, University College Dublin, Ireland and Our Lady's Hospice and Care Services, Dublin, Ireland
| | | | - Suzanne Guerin
- Associate Professor, UCD School of Psychology, University College Dublin, Ireland
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Dodd P, McEvoy J, Lockhart K, Burke T, O'Keeffe L, Guerin S. An exploratory study of self-reported complicated grief symptoms in parentally bereaved adults with intellectual disability. J Intellect Disabil Res 2021; 65:297-305. [PMID: 33426748 DOI: 10.1111/jir.12812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2020] [Revised: 11/26/2020] [Accepted: 11/30/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Complicated grief involves the experience of grief-related symptoms at a time, and severity, beyond which could be considered adaptive, while persistent complex bereavement disorder (PCBD) has been identified as a condition that requires further study in the typical population. The aims of this study are to (1) explore the symptoms of complicated grief associated with parental bereavement as self-reported by adults with intellectual disabilities (IDs) who have experienced a parental bereavement and (2) conduct an initial examination of how the existing criteria for PCBD apply to this group. METHODS This study uses a comparative group design, assessing self and staff (proxy) reports for a group of parentally bereaved individuals and a matched group of non-bereaved individuals using the Complicated Grief Questionnaire - ID Self-Report. Participants were 46 individuals with ID, 30 (65%) of whom who had experienced a parental bereavement within the previous 2 years. The age range was 23-67 years (mean = 43.8; SD = 10.3). RESULTS The results highlight the presence of a range of symptoms of complicated grief in individuals' self-reports, although there was some evidence that separation distress-related symptoms were more apparent. An analysis of individual symptoms showed patterns of higher reports among the bereaved group as would be expected. Comparing staff and self-reports, key criteria showed higher levels in self-reports among the bereaved group. CONCLUSIONS This study has demonstrated the capacity of people with ID to self-report personal experience of symptoms of complicated grief, when appropriate and accessible assessment tools are used. Some symptoms were more evident among bereaved individuals (compared with non-bereaved participants), and they tended to be from separation distress criteria. This may indicate the relevance of these symptoms for people with ID and question the existing criteria for PCBD in this population, which may have clinical implications for supporting people with ID experiencing a more complicated bereavement response.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Dodd
- Department of Psychiatry, St Michael's House Disability Services, Dublin, Ireland
- UCD Centre for Disability Studies, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - J McEvoy
- UCD Centre for Disability Studies, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
- Prosper Services, Dublin, Ireland
- UCD School of Psychology, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - K Lockhart
- Department of Psychiatry, St Michael's House Disability Services, Dublin, Ireland
- UCD School of Psychology, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - T Burke
- UCD School of Psychology, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
- KARE Services, Kildare, Ireland
| | - L O'Keeffe
- UCD Centre for Disability Studies, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
- UCD School of Psychology, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - S Guerin
- UCD Centre for Disability Studies, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
- UCD School of Psychology, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
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Mulligan S, Guerin S, McKiernan A, Brown A, Hartnett M, Gray D, Kiernan G. The core features and outcomes of a specialised camp programme for children with life-limiting conditions and their families: A qualitative multi-perspective approach. J Child Health Care 2020; 24:515-528. [PMID: 31594387 DOI: 10.1177/1367493519875593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Previous research has reported that the families of children with enduring and life-limiting health conditions are at risk of negative psychosocial effects. Adjunct to medical interventions, specialist camp programmes have been developed to promote familial adjustment. However, limited research has been carried out in this area. The aim of this study was to describe the core features and outcomes of a specialised camp programme for children with life-limiting conditions (LLC) and their family. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with four professionals, three volunteers involved in facilitating the programme and two mothers representing families that attended the programme. Multiple perspectives were sought to gain a detailed understanding of the programme and outcomes. Data were analysed through an inductive thematic approach. There was considerable overlap among participant groups on the core features and outcomes of the programme. Thematically, core features are described in terms of familial togetherness, peer interaction, safety and positive experiences. Noted outcomes include lasting memories, continued peer relations for parents and siblings and enhancement of relationships between family members and professionals. Findings suggest that specialised camp programmes may provide families of children with LLC with positive experiences that support adjustment, although further research is required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shane Mulligan
- UCD School of Psychology, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Suzanne Guerin
- UCD School of Psychology, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | | | - Anna Brown
- LauraLynn, Ireland's Children's Hospice, Dublin, Ireland
| | | | - Dee Gray
- LauraLynn, Ireland's Children's Hospice, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Gemma Kiernan
- School of Nursing and Human Sciences, Dublin City University, Dublin, Ireland
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O'Connor N, Timmons S, Kernohan G, Guerin S, Drennan J, Murphy A, Fox S. Using the RE‐AIM framework to evaluate existing services and inform the development of a new model of dementia palliative care. Alzheimers Dement 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/alz.042744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Guerin S, Kiernan G, Courtney E, McQuillan R, Ryan K. Integration of palliative care in services for children with life-limiting neurodevelopmental disabilities and their families: a Delphi study. BMC Health Serv Res 2020; 20:927. [PMID: 33032605 PMCID: PMC7545942 DOI: 10.1186/s12913-020-05754-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2019] [Accepted: 09/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The aim of this study was to explore expert professionals’ opinions on service provision to children under six with life-limiting neurodevelopmental disabilities (LLNDD), including the goals of care and the integration and coordination of palliative care in general and specialist services. Methods A Delphi design was used with three questionnaire rounds, one open-ended and two closed response rounds. Primary data collected over a six-month period from expert professionals with five years’ (or more) experience in pediatric, intellectual disability and/or palliative care settings. Ratings of agreement and prioritization were provided with agreement expressed as a median (threshold = 80%) and consensus reported as interquartile ranges. Stability was measured using non-parametric tests. Results Primary goals of care were achievement of best possible quality of life, effective communication and symptom management. Service integration and coordination were considered inadequate, and respondents agreed that areas of deficiency included palliative care. Improvement strategies included a single care plan, improved communication and key worker appointments. Conclusions The findings suggest that services do not serve this group well with deficiencies in care compounded by a lack of information on available services and sub-optimal communication between settings. Further research is needed to develop an expert-based consensus regarding the care of children with LLNDD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suzanne Guerin
- School of Psychology, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.
| | - Gemma Kiernan
- School of Nursing, Psychotherapy and Community Health, Dublin City University, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Eileen Courtney
- School of Nursing, Psychotherapy and Community Health, Dublin City University, Dublin, Ireland
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42
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Hurley DA, Jeffares I, Hall AM, Keogh A, Toomey E, McArdle D, McDonough SM, Guerin S, Segurado R, Matthews J. Feasibility cluster randomised controlled trial evaluating a theory-driven group-based complex intervention versus usual physiotherapy to support self-management of osteoarthritis and low back pain (SOLAS). Trials 2020; 21:807. [PMID: 32967713 PMCID: PMC7510107 DOI: 10.1186/s13063-020-04671-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2019] [Accepted: 08/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The self-management of osteoarthritis (OA) and low back pain (LBP) through activity and skills (SOLAS) theory-driven group-based complex intervention was developed primarily for the evaluation of its acceptability to patients and physiotherapists and the feasibility of trial procedures, to inform the potential for a definitive trial. METHODS This assessor-blinded multicentre two-arm parallel cluster randomised controlled feasibility trial compared the SOLAS intervention to usual individual physiotherapy (UP; pragmatic control group). Patients with OA of the hip, knee, lumbar spine and/or chronic LBP were recruited in primary care physiotherapy clinics (i.e. clusters) in Dublin, Ireland, between September 2014 and November 2015. The primary feasibility objectives were evaluated using quantitative methods and individual telephone interviews with purposive samples of participants and physiotherapists. A range of secondary outcomes were collected at baseline, 6 weeks (behaviour change only), 2 months and 6 months to explore the preliminary effects of the intervention. Analysis was by intention-to-treat according to participants' cluster allocation and involved descriptive analysis of the quantitative data and inductive thematic analysis of the qualitative interviews. A linear mixed model was used to contrast change over time in participant secondary outcomes between treatment arms, while adjusting for study waves and clusters. RESULTS Fourteen clusters were recruited (7 per trial arm), each cluster participated in two waves of recruitment, with the average cluster size below the target of six participants (intervention: mean (SD) = 4.92 (1.31), range 2-7; UP: mean (SD) = 5.08 (2.43), range 1-9). One hundred twenty participants (83.3% of n = 144 expected) were recruited (intervention n = 59; UP n = 61), with follow-up data obtained from 80.8% (n = 97) at 6 weeks, 84.2% (n = 101) at 2 months and 71.7% (n = 86) at 6 months. Most participants received treatment as allocated (intervention n = 49; UP n = 54). The qualitative interviews (12 participants; 10 physiotherapists (PTs) found the intervention and trial procedures acceptable and appropriate, with minimal feasible adaptations required. Linear mixed methods showed improvements in most secondary outcomes at 2 and 6 months with small between-group effects. CONCLUSIONS While the SOLAS intervention and trial procedures were acceptable to participants and PTs, the recruitment of enough participants is the biggest obstacle to a definitive trial. TRIAL REGISTRATION ISRCTN ISRCTN49875385 . Registered on 26 March 2014.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deirdre A Hurley
- School of Public Health, Physiotherapy and Sports Science, University College Dublin, Room A302, Health Sciences Centre, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland.
| | - Isabelle Jeffares
- Division of Population Health Sciences, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, St Stephen's Green, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Amanda M Hall
- Faculty of Medicine, Memorial University, St Johns, Newfoundland, Canada
| | - Alison Keogh
- School of Public Health, Physiotherapy and Sports Science, University College Dublin, Room A302, Health Sciences Centre, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Elaine Toomey
- Health Behaviour Change Research Group, School of Psychology, National University of Ireland, Galway, Ireland
| | - Danielle McArdle
- School of Public Health, Physiotherapy and Sports Science, University College Dublin, Room A302, Health Sciences Centre, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Suzanne M McDonough
- School of Physiotherapy, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, St Stephen's Green, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Suzanne Guerin
- School of Psychology, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Ricardo Segurado
- School of Public Health, Physiotherapy and Sports Science, University College Dublin, Room A302, Health Sciences Centre, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - James Matthews
- School of Public Health, Physiotherapy and Sports Science, University College Dublin, Room A302, Health Sciences Centre, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
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43
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Nicholson E, Doherty E, Somanadhan S, Guerin S, Schreiber J, Bury G, Kroll T, Raley M, McAuliffe E. Health inequities in unscheduled healthcare for children with intellectual disabilities in Ireland: a study protocol. HRB Open Res 2020; 3:3. [PMID: 32832849 PMCID: PMC7431971 DOI: 10.12688/hrbopenres.12973.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Health inequities for children with intellectual disabilities are prevalent within different health systems, and children with intellectual disabilites have shorter life expectancies than the general population, higher mortality rates before the age of 17 and have a greater risk of potentially preventable hospitalisations. A health systems approach to research in this area provides a useful means through which research can inform policy and practice to ensure people with intellectual disabilities receive equitable healthcare; however, there is a paucity of evidence regarding how to address differences that have been described in the literature to date. The overall aim of this research is to establish the extent of health inequities for children with intellectual disabilities in Ireland compared to children without intellectual disabilities with respect to their utilisation of primary care and rates of hospitalisation, and to gain a better understanding of what influences utilisation of primary care and emergency department services in this population. Methods and analysis: The design of this research adopts a multi-methods approach: statistical analysis of health data to determine the extent of health inequities in relation to healthcare utilisation; discrete choice experiments to explore General Practitioners' decision making and parental preferences for optimal care; and concept mapping to develop consensus between stakeholders on how to address current healthcare inequities. Discussion: By applying a systems lens to the issue of health inequities for children with intellectual disabilities, the research hopes to gain a thorough understanding of the varying components that can contribute to the maintenance of such healthcare inequities. A key output from the research will be a set of feasible solutions and interventions that can address health inequities for this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma Nicholson
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research, Education and Innovation in Health Systems (IRIS), University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Edel Doherty
- J.E. Cairnes School of Business and Economics, National University of Ireland, Galway, University Road, Galway, Ireland
| | - Suja Somanadhan
- UCD School of Nursing, Midwifery & Health Systems, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Suzanne Guerin
- UCD Centre for Disability Studies, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | | | - Gerard Bury
- UCD School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Thilo Kroll
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research, Education and Innovation in Health Systems (IRIS), University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Meredith Raley
- Disability Federation of Ireland, Fumbally Court, Dublin 8, Ireland
| | - Eilish McAuliffe
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research, Education and Innovation in Health Systems (IRIS), University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
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Dodd A, Guerin S, Delaney S, Dodd P. Complicated grief knowledge, attitudes, skills, and training among mental health professionals: A qualitative exploration. Death Stud 2020; 46:473-484. [PMID: 32238122 DOI: 10.1080/07481187.2020.1741048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The knowledge, attitudes, skills, and training of professionals regarding complicated grief influence their practice. We conducted 30 semi-structured interviews with psychiatrists, psychologists, and counselor/psychotherapists; the preliminary findings were contextualized via interviews with three experts in complicated grief research/practice. Findings suggest that professionals did not substantially rely on research evidence, favoring instead personal and professional knowledge. They expressed concern regarding the possible pathologization of normal grief that might arise from having a diagnosis of complicated grief. Deficits in professional training were evident. A need for an improved culture of collaboration between researchers and practitioners was identified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne Dodd
- UCD School of Psychology, University College Dublin, Belfield, Ireland
| | - Suzanne Guerin
- UCD School of Psychology, University College Dublin, Belfield, Ireland
| | - Susan Delaney
- Irish Hospice Foundation, Morrison Chambers, Ireland
| | - Philip Dodd
- St Michael's House Intellectual Disability Service, Dublin, Ireland
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45
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne Dodd
- UCD School of Psychology, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Suzanne Guerin
- UCD School of Psychology, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | | | - Philip Dodd
- St Michael’s House Intellectual Disability Service, Dublin, Ireland
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46
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McKiernan A, Carr A, O'Keeffe L, Butler E, Quinn C, Guerin S. Levels of satisfaction with children's respite services, parental coping and family functioning. Health Soc Care Community 2020; 28:568-575. [PMID: 31682034 DOI: 10.1111/hsc.12889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2018] [Revised: 09/13/2019] [Accepted: 10/16/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Little is known about how parents' experiences of respite services or 'short breaks' for a child with complex medical needs relate to family functioning and the manner in which parents cope. The aim of this study was to examine the relationship between parents' satisfaction with short breaks, family functioning and parental coping and to determine whether these variables change over time. The sample included 32 families receiving short breaks. A repeated measures quantitative design was used, with data collected at baseline and 12 months. The main outcome variables were satisfaction with short breaks, family functioning and parental coping. At baseline, descriptive statistics showed positive levels of satisfaction with services and coping, while family functioning scores suggested more negative profiles. Also at baseline, significant negative correlations were identified between the age of the child receiving short breaks and certain approaches to parental coping. At Time 2 (n = 17, 73% of possible responses), satisfaction with services was significantly positively correlated with aspects of family functioning and coping. Using dependent t tests, no evidence was found of significant change overtime in satisfaction or family functioning for the sample who completed data collection at both time points. However, a significant decrease in use of certain coping approaches was found over time. While parents' satisfaction levels with short breaks were high across test occasions, there is need for service development aimed at providing interventions that are tailored to ameliorate tension within the family and promote active parental coping over time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aidan McKiernan
- School of Psychology, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
- Clinical Psychology, LauraLynn Ireland's Children's Hospice, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Alan Carr
- School of Psychology, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | | | - Ellen Butler
- Clinical Psychology, University of Dublin Trinity College, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Claire Quinn
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, National University of Ireland, Galway, Ireland
| | - Suzanne Guerin
- School of Psychology, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
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47
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Nicholson E, Doherty E, Somanadhan S, Guerin S, Schreiber J, Bury G, Kroll T, Raley M, McAuliffe E. Health inequities in unscheduled healthcare for children with intellectual disabilities in Ireland: a study protocol. HRB Open Res 2020; 3:3. [PMID: 32832849 PMCID: PMC7431971 DOI: 10.12688/hrbopenres.12973.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/17/2019] [Indexed: 03/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Background: Health inequities for children with intellectual disabilities (ID) are prevalent within different health systems, and children with ID have shorter life expectancies than the general population, higher mortality rates before the age of 17 and have a greater risk of potentially preventable hospitalisations. A health systems approach to research in this area provides a useful means through which research can inform policy and practice to ensure people with ID receive equitable healthcare; however, there is a paucity of evidence regarding how to address differences that have been described in the literature to date. The overall aim of this research is to establish the extent of health inequities for children with ID in Ireland compared to children without ID with respect to their utilisation of primary care and rates of hospitalisation, and to gain a better understanding of what influences utilisation of primary care and ED services in this population. Methods and analysis: The design of this research adopts a mixed-methods approach: statistical analysis of health data to determine the extent of health inequities in relation to healthcare utilisation; discrete choice experiments to explore General Practitioners' decision making and parental preferences for optimal care; and concept mapping to develop consensus between stakeholders on how to address current healthcare inequities. Discussion: By applying a systems lens to the issue of health inequities for children with ID, the research hopes to gain a thorough understanding of the varying components that can contribute to the maintenance of such healthcare inequities. A key output from the research will be a set of feasible solutions and interventions that can address health inequities for this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma Nicholson
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research, Education and Innovation in Health Systems (IRIS), University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Edel Doherty
- J.E. Cairnes School of Business and Economics, National University of Ireland, Galway, University Road, Galway, Ireland
| | - Suja Somanadhan
- UCD School of Nursing, Midwifery & Health Systems, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Suzanne Guerin
- UCD Centre for Disability Studies, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | | | - Gerard Bury
- UCD School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Thilo Kroll
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research, Education and Innovation in Health Systems (IRIS), University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Meredith Raley
- Disability Federation of Ireland, Fumbally Court, Dublin 8, Ireland
| | - Eilish McAuliffe
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research, Education and Innovation in Health Systems (IRIS), University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
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McElvaney R, Moore K, O'Reilly K, Turner R, Walsh B, Guerin S. Child sexual abuse disclosures: Does age make a difference? Child Abuse Negl 2020; 99:104121. [PMID: 31838224 DOI: 10.1016/j.chiabu.2019.104121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2018] [Revised: 07/23/2019] [Accepted: 07/25/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The literature is inconsistent as to the relationship between age at time of abuse and time to disclosure of child sexual abuse (CSA) and the factors that influence early disclosure. OBJECTIVE This study sought to investigate the relationship between age of child at time of disclosure, taking account of age at time of abuse, delay in disclosure, and the relationship, if any, between factors influencing disclosure (feeling distressed, being believed, fear, contact with alleged perpetrator, difficulty saying it, and being asked) and age at time of disclosure. PARTICIPANTS AND SETTING The files of children (n=273) seen for evaluation in a child sexual abuse (CSA) centre were reviewed. METHOD Demographic information and data relating to the child's experience of informal disclosure were extracted from children's evaluation reports, based on interviews with children and their parents, where professionals deemed that a credible account of CSA has been given. RESULTS A significant relationship was found between age at time of abuse and age at time of disclosure (χ2 (16) = 261.434, p < 0.05), whereby children were more likely to tell within the developmental period during which they were abused than within any other period; this pattern increased across each age category. Overall, no specific psychological factors were found to be predictive of early disclosure. CONCLUSIONS The findings suggest that children of all ages need to be targeted for prevention efforts and a larger study is needed to investigate whether some psychological factors are more predictive of disclosure than others.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Katie Moore
- Dublin City University, Glasnevin, Dublin 9, Ireland
| | - Keith O'Reilly
- Children's University Hospital, Temple St., Dublin, Ireland
| | - Rhonda Turner
- Our Lady's Hospital for Sick Children, Crumlin, Dublin 8, Ireland
| | - Betty Walsh
- Community Child Centre, Health Service Executive, Waterford, Ireland
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49
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O'Malley G, Irwin L, Guerin S. Supporting People with Intellectual Disability Who Have Experienced Abuse: Clinical Psychologists' Perspectives. Journal of Policy and Practice in Intellectual Disabilities 2019. [DOI: 10.1111/jppi.12323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Grace O'Malley
- UCD School of PsychologyUniversity College Dublin Dublin Ireland
- Department of PsychologyBrandenburg Medical School Theodor Fontane Neuruppin Germany
| | - Lynn Irwin
- UCD School of PsychologyUniversity College Dublin Dublin Ireland
| | - Suzanne Guerin
- UCD School of PsychologyUniversity College Dublin Dublin Ireland
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Abstract
Background: Out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) is a major cause of premature mortality. Survival is possible when timely cardiopulmonary resuscitation and defibrillation are available in the community. GPs are well placed to provide early OHCA care and significantly increased rates of survival are achieved when GPs participate in resuscitation. A novel project alerts volunteer GP first responders to nearby OHCAs in Ireland. Objectives: To explore the reasons why GPs volunteer to be OHCA first responders and their experience of participation. Methods: A qualitative study involving in-depth, semi-structured interviews followed by thematic analysis was undertaken in 2017/18. Fourteen GPs from differing geographical areas in Ireland, who volunteered as OHCA first-responders were recruited to participate by purposive methods. Results: GP participation in OHCA voluntary first response was understood as a function of GPs relationship to the community, their ability to manage competing demands in their personal and professional lives and also specific participatory gains. GPs expressed both altruistic motivations and a sense of obligation. GPs described a complex, multifaceted role in providing OHCA first response; they derived an inherent sense of satisfaction in delivering potentially life-saving interventions but also in the provision of holistic, compassionate end-of-life care for patients and their families. Participation was not without psychosocial risk for GPs. Conclusion: GPs volunteer to provide early OHCA emergency care because of their relationship to the community. Care provided is complex and includes both resuscitation and end-of-life care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomas Barry
- UCD Centre for Emergency Medical Science, School of Medicine, Health Sciences Centre, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Suzanne Guerin
- School of Psychology, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Mary Headon
- UCD Centre for Emergency Medical Science, School of Medicine, Health Sciences Centre, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Gerard Bury
- UCD Centre for Emergency Medical Science, School of Medicine, Health Sciences Centre, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
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