1
|
Selva KJ, van de Sandt CE, Lemke MM, Lee CY, Shoffner SK, Chua BY, Davis SK, Nguyen THO, Rowntree LC, Hensen L, Koutsakos M, Wong CY, Mordant F, Jackson DC, Flanagan KL, Crowe J, Tosif S, Neeland MR, Sutton P, Licciardi PV, Crawford NW, Cheng AC, Doolan DL, Amanat F, Krammer F, Chappell K, Modhiran N, Watterson D, Young P, Lee WS, Wines BD, Mark Hogarth P, Esterbauer R, Kelly HG, Tan HX, Juno JA, Wheatley AK, Kent SJ, Arnold KB, Kedzierska K, Chung AW. Systems serology detects functionally distinct coronavirus antibody features in children and elderly. Nat Commun 2021; 12:2037. [PMID: 33795692 PMCID: PMC8016934 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-22236-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2020] [Accepted: 02/26/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The hallmarks of COVID-19 are higher pathogenicity and mortality in the elderly compared to children. Examining baseline SARS-CoV-2 cross-reactive immunological responses, induced by circulating human coronaviruses (hCoVs), is needed to understand such divergent clinical outcomes. Here we show analysis of coronavirus antibody responses of pre-pandemic healthy children (n = 89), adults (n = 98), elderly (n = 57), and COVID-19 patients (n = 50) by systems serology. Moderate levels of cross-reactive, but non-neutralizing, SARS-CoV-2 antibodies are detected in pre-pandemic healthy individuals. SARS-CoV-2 antigen-specific Fcγ receptor binding accurately distinguishes COVID-19 patients from healthy individuals, suggesting that SARS-CoV-2 infection induces qualitative changes to antibody Fc, enhancing Fcγ receptor engagement. Higher cross-reactive SARS-CoV-2 IgA and IgG are observed in healthy elderly, while healthy children display elevated SARS-CoV-2 IgM, suggesting that children have fewer hCoV exposures, resulting in less-experienced but more polyreactive humoral immunity. Age-dependent analysis of COVID-19 patients, confirms elevated class-switched antibodies in elderly, while children have stronger Fc responses which we demonstrate are functionally different. These insights will inform COVID-19 vaccination strategies, improved serological diagnostics and therapeutics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kevin J Selva
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Carolien E van de Sandt
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Department of Hematopoiesis, Sanquin Research and Landsteiner Laboratory, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Melissa M Lemke
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Christina Y Lee
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Suzanne K Shoffner
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Brendon Y Chua
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Samantha K Davis
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Thi H O Nguyen
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Louise C Rowntree
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Luca Hensen
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Marios Koutsakos
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Chinn Yi Wong
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Francesca Mordant
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - David C Jackson
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Katie L Flanagan
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Tasmanian Vaccine Trial Centre, Launceston General Hospital, Launceston, TAS, Australia
- School of Health Sciences and School of Medicine, University of Tasmania, Launceston, TAS, Australia
- Department of Immunology and Pathology, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- School of Health and Biomedical Science, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Jane Crowe
- Deepdene Surgery, Deepdene, VIC, Australia
| | - Shidan Tosif
- Infection and Immunity, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Department of General Medicine, Royal Children's Hospital Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Melanie R Neeland
- Infection and Immunity, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Philip Sutton
- Infection and Immunity, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Paul V Licciardi
- Infection and Immunity, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Nigel W Crawford
- Infection and Immunity, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Immunisation Service, Royal Children's Hospital Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Allen C Cheng
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Infection Prevention & Healthcare Epidemiology Unit, Alfred Health, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Denise L Doolan
- Centre for Molecular Therapeutics, Australian Institute of Tropical Health & Medicine, James Cook University, Cairns, QLD, Australia
| | - Fatima Amanat
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Florian Krammer
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Keith Chappell
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Bioscience, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Naphak Modhiran
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Bioscience, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Daniel Watterson
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Bioscience, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Paul Young
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Bioscience, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Wen Shi Lee
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Bruce D Wines
- Immune Therapies Group, Burnet Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Department of Clinical Pathology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Department of Immunology and Pathology, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - P Mark Hogarth
- Immune Therapies Group, Burnet Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Department of Clinical Pathology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Department of Immunology and Pathology, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Robyn Esterbauer
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Hannah G Kelly
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Hyon-Xhi Tan
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Jennifer A Juno
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Adam K Wheatley
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Stephen J Kent
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Melbourne Sexual Health Centre, Department of Infectious Diseases, Alfred Health, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Kelly B Arnold
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Katherine Kedzierska
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
| | - Amy W Chung
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Tosif S, Neeland MR, Sutton P, Licciardi PV, Sarkar S, Selva KJ, Do LAH, Donato C, Quan Toh Z, Higgins R, Van de Sandt C, Lemke MM, Lee CY, Shoffner SK, Flanagan KL, Arnold KB, Mordant FL, Mulholland K, Bines J, Dohle K, Pellicci DG, Curtis N, McNab S, Steer A, Saffery R, Subbarao K, Chung AW, Kedzierska K, Burgner DP, Crawford NW. Immune responses to SARS-CoV-2 in three children of parents with symptomatic COVID-19. Nat Commun 2020; 11:5703. [PMID: 33177504 PMCID: PMC7658256 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-19545-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2020] [Accepted: 10/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Compared to adults, children with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) have predominantly mild or asymptomatic infections, but the underlying immunological differences remain unclear. Here, we describe clinical features, virology, longitudinal cellular, and cytokine immune profile, SARS-CoV-2-specific serology and salivary antibody responses in a family of two parents with PCR-confirmed symptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection and their three children, who tested repeatedly SARS-CoV-2 PCR negative. Cellular immune profiles and cytokine responses of all children are similar to their parents at all timepoints. All family members have salivary anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies detected, predominantly IgA, that coincide with symptom resolution in 3 of 4 symptomatic members. Plasma from both parents and one child have IgG antibody against the S1 protein and virus-neutralizing activity detected. Using a systems serology approach, we demonstrate higher levels of SARS-CoV-2-specific antibody features of these family members compared to healthy controls. These data indicate that children can mount an immune response to SARS-CoV-2 without virological confirmation of infection, raising the possibility that immunity in children can prevent the establishment of SARS-CoV-2 infection. Relying on routine virological and serological testing may not identify exposed children, with implications for epidemiological and clinical studies across the life-span.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shidan Tosif
- Department of Paediatrics, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
- Infection and Immunity, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia.
- Department of General Medicine, The Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
| | - Melanie R Neeland
- Department of Paediatrics, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Infection and Immunity, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Philip Sutton
- Department of Paediatrics, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Infection and Immunity, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Paul V Licciardi
- Department of Paediatrics, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Infection and Immunity, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Sohinee Sarkar
- Department of Paediatrics, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Infection and Immunity, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Kevin J Selva
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Lien Anh Ha Do
- Department of Paediatrics, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Infection and Immunity, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Celeste Donato
- Department of Paediatrics, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Infection and Immunity, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Zheng Quan Toh
- Department of Paediatrics, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Infection and Immunity, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Rachel Higgins
- Infection and Immunity, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Carolien Van de Sandt
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Hematopoiesis, Sanquin Research and Landsteiner Laboratory, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Melissa M Lemke
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, MI, USA
| | - Christina Y Lee
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, MI, USA
| | | | - Katie L Flanagan
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Launceston General Hospital, Launceston, Tasmania, Australia
- School of Health Sciences and School of Medicine, University of Tasmania, Launceston, Tasmania, Australia
- Department of Immunology and Pathology, Monash University, Commercial Road, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- School of Health and Biomedical Science, RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Kelly B Arnold
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, MI, USA
| | - Francesca L Mordant
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Kim Mulholland
- Department of Paediatrics, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Infection and Immunity, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia
- Infectious Diseases Unit, Department of General Medicine, The Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Julie Bines
- Department of Paediatrics, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Infection and Immunity, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Kate Dohle
- Infection and Immunity, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Daniel G Pellicci
- Department of Paediatrics, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Infection and Immunity, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Nigel Curtis
- Department of Paediatrics, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Infection and Immunity, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia
- Infectious Diseases Unit, Department of General Medicine, The Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Sarah McNab
- Department of Paediatrics, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Infection and Immunity, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia
- Department of General Medicine, The Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Andrew Steer
- Department of Paediatrics, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Infection and Immunity, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia
- Infectious Diseases Unit, Department of General Medicine, The Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Richard Saffery
- Department of Paediatrics, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Infection and Immunity, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Kanta Subbarao
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- WHO Collaborating Centre for Reference and Research on Influenza, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Amy W Chung
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Katherine Kedzierska
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - David P Burgner
- Department of Paediatrics, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Infection and Immunity, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia
- Infectious Diseases Unit, Department of General Medicine, The Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Nigel W Crawford
- Department of Paediatrics, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Infection and Immunity, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia
- Department of General Medicine, The Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Walton KD, Whidden M, Kolterud Å, Shoffner SK, Czerwinski MJ, Kushwaha J, Parmar N, Chandhrasekhar D, Freddo AM, Schnell S, Gumucio DL. Villification in the mouse: Bmp signals control intestinal villus patterning. Development 2016; 143:427-36. [PMID: 26721501 PMCID: PMC4760312 DOI: 10.1242/dev.130112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2015] [Accepted: 12/18/2015] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
In the intestine, finger-like villi provide abundant surface area for nutrient absorption. During murine villus development, epithelial Hedgehog (Hh) signals promote aggregation of subepithelial mesenchymal clusters that drive villus emergence. Clusters arise first dorsally and proximally and spread over the entire intestine within 24 h, but the mechanism driving this pattern in the murine intestine is unknown. In chick, the driver of cluster pattern is tensile force from developing smooth muscle, which generates deep longitudinal epithelial folds that locally concentrate the Hh signal, promoting localized expression of cluster genes. By contrast, we show that in mouse, muscle-induced epithelial folding does not occur and artificial deformation of the epithelium does not determine the pattern of clusters or villi. In intestinal explants, modulation of Bmp signaling alters the spatial distribution of clusters and changes the pattern of emerging villi. Increasing Bmp signaling abolishes cluster formation, whereas inhibiting Bmp signaling leads to merged clusters. These dynamic changes in cluster pattern are faithfully simulated by a mathematical model of a Turing field in which an inhibitor of Bmp signaling acts as the Turing activator. In vivo, genetic interruption of Bmp signal reception in either epithelium or mesenchyme reveals that Bmp signaling in Hh-responsive mesenchymal cells controls cluster pattern. Thus, unlike in chick, the murine villus patterning system is independent of muscle-induced epithelial deformation. Rather, a complex cocktail of Bmps and Bmp signal modulators secreted from mesenchymal clusters determines the pattern of villi in a manner that mimics the spread of a self-organizing Turing field.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Katherine D Walton
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Mark Whidden
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48105, USA
| | - Åsa Kolterud
- Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Instituet, Novum, Huddinge SE-141 83, Sweden
| | - Suzanne K Shoffner
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48105, USA
| | - Michael J Czerwinski
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Juhi Kushwaha
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Nishita Parmar
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Deepa Chandhrasekhar
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Andrew M Freddo
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Santiago Schnell
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48105, USA Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48105, USA
| | - Deborah L Gumucio
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| |
Collapse
|