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Jiang P, Wang X, Wang R. Improving grape fruit quality through soil conditioner: Insights from RNA-seq analysis of Cabernet Sauvignon roots. Open Life Sci 2024; 19:20220864. [PMID: 38737104 PMCID: PMC11087741 DOI: 10.1515/biol-2022-0864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Revised: 02/27/2024] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 05/14/2024] Open
Abstract
The application of fertilizers and soil quality are crucial for grape fruit quality. However, the molecular data linking different fertilizer (or soil conditioner [SC]) treatments with grape fruit quality is still lacking. In this study, we investigated three soil treatments, namely inorganic fertilizer (NPK, 343.5 kg/hm2 urea [N ≥ 46%]; 166.5 kg/hm2 P2O5 [P2O5 ≥ 64%]; 318 kg/hm2 K2O [K2O ≥ 50%]), organic fertilizer (Org, 9 t/hm2 [organic matter content ≥ 35%, N + P2O5 + K2O ≥ 13%]), and SC (SC, 3 t/hm2 [humic acid ≥ 38.5%; C, 56.1%; H, 3.7%; N, 1.5%; O, 38%; S, 0.6%]), on 4-year-old Cabernet Sauvignon grapevines. Compared with the NPK- and Org-treated groups, the SC significantly improved the levels of soluble solids, tannins, anthocyanins, and total phenols in the grape berries, which are important biochemical indicators that affect wine quality. Furthermore, we conducted RNA-seq analysis on the grapevine roots from each of the three treatments and used weighted gene co-expression network analysis to identify five hub genes that were associated with the biochemical indicators of the grape berries. Furthermore, we validated the expression levels of three hub genes (ERF, JP, and SF3B) and five selected genes related to anthocyanin biosynthesis (UFGT1, UFGT2, UFGT3, GST, and AT) by using quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. Compared to the NPK and Org treatment groups, the SC treatment resulted in a significant increase in the transcription levels of three hub genes as well as VvUFGT1, VvUFGT3, VvGST, and VvAT. These results suggest that the SC can improve grape fruit quality by altering gene transcription patterns in grapevine roots and further influence the biochemical indices of grape fruits, particularly anthocyanin content. This study reveals that the application of SC can serve as an important measure for enhancing vineyard SC and elevating grape quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Jiang
- College of Agronomy, Ningxia University, Yinchuan750021, P.R. China
| | - Xiaojing Wang
- Ningxia Research Institute of Quality Standards and Testing Technology of Agricultural Products, Yinchuan750001, P.R. China
| | - Rui Wang
- College of Agronomy, Ningxia University, Yinchuan750021, P.R. China
- Ningxia Grape and Wine Research Institute, Yinchuan750021, P.R. China
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Mitsui Y, Hashigami A, Ando R, Uga Y, Fujiwara T, Sago Y, Suzuki T, Kozaki D. Development of a method for the simultaneous determination of ionic nutrients in hydroponic solutions using cation-/anion-exchange chromatography with a neutral eluent. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2024; 88:509-516. [PMID: 38425056 DOI: 10.1093/bbb/zbae025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
Nutrient availability in hydroponic solutions must be accurately monitored to maintain crop productivity; however, few cost-effective, accurate, real-time, and long-term monitoring technologies have been developed. In this study, we describe the development and application of cation-/anion-exchange chromatography with a neutral eluent (20-mmol/L sodium formate, pH 7.87) for the simultaneous separation (within 50 min) of ionic nutrients, including K+, NH4+, NO2-, NO3-, and phosphate ion, in a hydroponic fertilizer solution. Using the neutral eluent avoided degradation of the separation column during precipitation of metal ion species, such as hydroxides, with an alkaline eluent and oxidation of NO2- to NO3- with an acidic eluent. The suitability of the current method for monitoring ionic components in a hydroponic fertilizer solution was confirmed. Based on our data, we propose a controlled fertilizer strategy to optimize fertilizer consumption and reduce the chemical load of drained fertilizer solutions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuta Mitsui
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Kochi University, Kochi city, Kochi, Japan
| | - Atsushi Hashigami
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Kochi University, Kochi city, Kochi, Japan
| | - Ryosuke Ando
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Kochi University, Kochi city, Kochi, Japan
| | - Yuki Uga
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Kochi University, Kochi city, Kochi, Japan
| | - Taku Fujiwara
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yuki Sago
- Graduate School of Sciences and Technology for Innovation, Yamaguchi University, Yoshida, Yamaguchi, Japan
| | - Takahiro Suzuki
- IC Department, Thermo Fisher Scientific K.K., Osaka-shi, Osaka, Japan
| | - Daisuke Kozaki
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Kochi University, Kochi city, Kochi, Japan
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Rodenburg J, Dümmer R, Ho YH, Bastiaans L. Fertilization benefits the facultative parasitic plant Rhamphicarpa fistulosa while gains by the infected host Oryza sativa are marginalized. Ann Bot 2024; 133:337-348. [PMID: 38092463 PMCID: PMC11005769 DOI: 10.1093/aob/mcad190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Rhamphicarpa fistulosa (Hochst.) Benth. is an annual facultative parasitic plant adapted to hydromorphic soils. In sub-Saharan Africa it causes high crop losses as a weed in rainfed lowland rice (Oryza sativa L.). Fertilizers are often proposed as a control measure against hemiparasitic weeds, but an understanding of the nutrient effects on R. fistulosa is currently still elusive. METHODS In two greenhouse pot experiments, conducted in 2016 in the Netherlands and in 2019 in the UK, host plants (O. sativa, cv IR64) and parasitic plants (R. fistulosa) were grown alone or combined and were subjected to different levels of nutrient availability. Biomass measurements were used to assess whether and how effects of nutrient availability are expressed in the host and parasite. KEY RESULTS Compared with parasite-free host plants, the biomass of parasite-infested plants was severely reduced, and nutrient effects on host plant biomass were less pronounced. Conversely, increased nutrient availability did not have an effect on parasitic plants when grown alone, but when grown with a host the parasitic plant biomass increased proportionally. Grown together, the combined biomass of host plant and parasite was substantially lower than that of the host plant grown alone. The ratio of biomass between host plant and parasite was unaffected by nutrient availability. CONCLUSIONS Fertilization benefits to rice plants are severely reduced but not completely nullified by R. fistulosa infection. The benefits to production and reproduction accrued by the parasite from increased nutrient availability are restricted to conditions in the presence of a host plant. Host presence and nutrient effects are thus observed to be synergetic; R. fistulosa plants parasitizing a suitable host respond strongly to increasing levels of nutrients. This is associated with an increased root biomass of the parasitic plant itself, but is more likely to result from exploitation of the nutrient uptake capacity of the host plant it parasitizes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonne Rodenburg
- Natural Resources Institute, University of Greenwich, Central Avenue, Chatham Maritime, Kent ME4 4TB, UK
| | - Ruben Dümmer
- Centre for Crop Systems Analysis, Wageningen University & Research, P.O. Box 430, 6700 AK, Wageningen, the Netherlands
- Van Hall Larenstein - University of Applied Sciences, Agora 1, 8934 CJ, Leeuwarden, the Netherlands
| | - Yi-Han Ho
- Natural Resources Institute, University of Greenwich, Central Avenue, Chatham Maritime, Kent ME4 4TB, UK
- Taiwan Agricultural Research Institute, Council of Agriculture, 189 Zhongzheng Rd, Wufeng District, Taichung City 413008, Taiwan
| | - Lammert Bastiaans
- Centre for Crop Systems Analysis, Wageningen University & Research, P.O. Box 430, 6700 AK, Wageningen, the Netherlands
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Konwar K, Boruah H, Gogoi R, Boruah A, Borgohain A, Baruah M, Gogoi SP, Karak T, Saikia J. Broad-spectrum pH functional chitosan-phosphatase beads for the generation of plant-available phosphorus: utilizing the insoluble P pool. Front Chem 2024; 12:1359191. [PMID: 38633986 PMCID: PMC11021595 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2024.1359191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Utilization of organic phosphates and insoluble phosphates for the gradual generation of plant-available phosphorus (P) is the only sustainable solution for P fertilization. Enzymatic conversions are one of the best sustainable routes for releasing P to soil. Phosphatase enzyme aids in solubilizing organic and insoluble phosphates to plant-available P. We herein report the preparation of highly functional chitosan beads co-immobilized with acid phosphatase and alkaline phosphatase enzymes via a glutaraldehyde linkage. The dual enzyme co-immobilized chitosan beads were characterized using Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR), thermogravimetric (TGA), and scanning electron microscopy-energy dispersive x-ray (SEM-EDX) analyses to confirm the immobilization. The co-immobilized system was found to be active for a broader pH range of ∼4-10 than the individually bound enzymes and mixed soluble enzymes. The bound matrix exhibited pH optima at 6 and 9, respectively, for acid and alkaline phosphatase and a temperature optimum at 50°C. The phosphate-solubilizing abilities of the chitosan-enzyme derivatives were examined using insoluble tri-calcium phosphate (TCP) for wide pH conditions of 5.5, 7, and 8.5 up to 25 days. The liberation of phosphate was highest (27.20 mg/mL) at pH 5.5 after the defined period. The residual soil phosphatase activity was also monitored after 7 days of incubation with CBE for three different soils of pH ∼5.5, 7, and 8.5. The residual phosphatase activity increased for all the soils after applying the CBE. The germination index of the Oryza sativa (rice) plant was studied using different pH buffer media upon the application of the CBE in the presence of tri-calcium phosphate as a phosphate source. Overall, the dual-enzyme co-immobilized chitosan beads were highly effective over a wide pH range for generating plant-available phosphates from insoluble phosphates. The chitosan-enzyme derivative holds the potential to be used for sustainable phosphorus fertilization with different insoluble and organic phosphorus sources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kasturika Konwar
- Department of Chemistry, Dibrugarh University, Dibrugarh, Assam, India
| | - Himanku Boruah
- Department of Chemistry, Dibrugarh University, Dibrugarh, Assam, India
| | - Rimjim Gogoi
- Department of Chemistry, Dibrugarh University, Dibrugarh, Assam, India
| | - Anudhriti Boruah
- Department of Chemistry, Dibrugarh University, Dibrugarh, Assam, India
| | - Arup Borgohain
- Department of Chemistry, Dibrugarh University, Dibrugarh, Assam, India
| | - Madhusmita Baruah
- Department of Chemistry, Dibrugarh University, Dibrugarh, Assam, India
| | | | - Tanmoy Karak
- Department of Soil Science, School of Agricultural Sciences, Nagaland University, Medziphema Campus, Medziphema, Nagaland, India
| | - Jiban Saikia
- Department of Chemistry, Dibrugarh University, Dibrugarh, Assam, India
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Li M, Zhu G, Liu Z, Li L, Wang S, Liu Y, Lu W, Zeng Y, Cheng X, Shen W. Hydrogen Fertilization with Hydrogen Nanobubble Water Improves Yield and Quality of Cherry Tomatoes Compared to the Conventional Fertilizers. Plants (Basel) 2024; 13:443. [PMID: 38337976 PMCID: PMC10857181 DOI: 10.3390/plants13030443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2023] [Revised: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
Although hydrogen gas (H2)-treated soil improves crop biomass, this approach appears difficult for field application due to the flammability of H2 gas. In this report, we investigated whether and how H2 applied in hydrogen nanobubble water (HNW) improves the yield and quality of cherry tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum var. cerasiforme) with and without fertilizers. Two-year-long field trials showed that compared to corresponding controls, HNW without and with fertilizers improved the cherry tomato yield per plant by 39.7% and 26.5% in 2021 (Shanghai), respectively, and by 39.4% and 28.2% in 2023 (Nanjing), respectively. Compared to surface water (SW), HNW increased the soil available nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and potassium (K) consumption regardless of fertilizer application, which may be attributed to the increased NPK transport-related genes in roots (LeAMT2, LePT2, LePT5, and SlHKT1,1). Furthermore, HNW-irrigated cherry tomatoes displayed a higher sugar-acid ratio (8.6%) and lycopene content (22.3%) than SW-irrigated plants without fertilizers. Importantly, the beneficial effects of HNW without fertilizers on the yield per plant (9.1%), sugar-acid ratio (31.1%), and volatiles (20.0%) and lycopene contents (54.3%) were stronger than those achieved using fertilizers alone. In short, this study clearly indicated that HNW-supplied H2 not only exhibited a fertilization effect on enhancing the tomato yield, but also improved the fruit's quality with a lower carbon footprint.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Li
- College of Life Sciences, Laboratory Center of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; (M.L.); (G.Z.); (Z.L.); (L.L.); (S.W.); (Y.L.); (W.L.)
| | - Guanjie Zhu
- College of Life Sciences, Laboratory Center of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; (M.L.); (G.Z.); (Z.L.); (L.L.); (S.W.); (Y.L.); (W.L.)
| | - Ziyu Liu
- College of Life Sciences, Laboratory Center of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; (M.L.); (G.Z.); (Z.L.); (L.L.); (S.W.); (Y.L.); (W.L.)
| | - Longna Li
- College of Life Sciences, Laboratory Center of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; (M.L.); (G.Z.); (Z.L.); (L.L.); (S.W.); (Y.L.); (W.L.)
| | - Shu Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Laboratory Center of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; (M.L.); (G.Z.); (Z.L.); (L.L.); (S.W.); (Y.L.); (W.L.)
| | - Yuhao Liu
- College of Life Sciences, Laboratory Center of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; (M.L.); (G.Z.); (Z.L.); (L.L.); (S.W.); (Y.L.); (W.L.)
| | - Wei Lu
- College of Life Sciences, Laboratory Center of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; (M.L.); (G.Z.); (Z.L.); (L.L.); (S.W.); (Y.L.); (W.L.)
| | - Yan Zeng
- Life Science Group, Air Liquide (China) R&D Co., Ltd., Shanghai 201108, China; (Y.Z.); (X.C.)
| | - Xu Cheng
- Life Science Group, Air Liquide (China) R&D Co., Ltd., Shanghai 201108, China; (Y.Z.); (X.C.)
| | - Wenbiao Shen
- College of Life Sciences, Laboratory Center of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; (M.L.); (G.Z.); (Z.L.); (L.L.); (S.W.); (Y.L.); (W.L.)
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Lee NR, Kim YX, Lee Y, Lee C, Song Y, Park H, Lee CH, Lee Y. Metabolomics Reveals the Effects of Nitrogen/Phosphorus/Potassium (NPK) Fertilizer Levels on Cucumber Fruit Raised in Different Nutrient Soils. Metabolites 2024; 14:102. [PMID: 38392994 PMCID: PMC10891504 DOI: 10.3390/metabo14020102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Revised: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 01/28/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Fertilizers are widely used to improve the quality of fruits and vegetables. However, the overuse of fertilizers has become an issue because it causes environmental problems and negatively affects productivity and fruit quality. In this study, we examined the effects of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium (NPK) fertilizer levels on the metabolism of cucumber fruit in low- and high-nutrient soils using mass-spectrometry-based metabolomics approaches. Cucumber metabolite content was notably different depending on the initial soil nutrient status. Most amino acids and phenylpropanoids were abundant in the cucumbers raised in low-nutrient soil, whereas organic acids, some amino acids (aspartate, glutamate, and ornithine), and carbohydrates were comparatively higher in fruits from high-nutrient soil. The fertilizer supply resulted in an alteration in the metabolite profile, while no change in fruit yield was observed in either low- or high-nutrient soils. Fertilizer treatment perturbed the metabolite contents in cucumbers from low-nutrient soil. In contrast, treatment with higher concentrations of fertilizer in high-nutrient soil increased phenylpropanoid content in the cucumbers, while most metabolites decreased. In conclusion, fertilization levels should be carefully determined, considering culture conditions such as the original soil status, to increase product yield and fruit quality and avoid environmental problems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na-Rae Lee
- Research Institute for Bioactive-Metabolome Network, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea;
| | - Yangmin X. Kim
- Soil and Fertilizer Division, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration, Wanju 55365, Republic of Korea; (Y.X.K.); (C.L.); (Y.S.); (H.P.)
- Highland Agriculture Research Institute, National Institute of Crop Science, Rural Development Administration, Pyeongchang 25342, Republic of Korea
| | - Yerim Lee
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea;
| | - Chanwook Lee
- Soil and Fertilizer Division, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration, Wanju 55365, Republic of Korea; (Y.X.K.); (C.L.); (Y.S.); (H.P.)
| | - Yosung Song
- Soil and Fertilizer Division, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration, Wanju 55365, Republic of Korea; (Y.X.K.); (C.L.); (Y.S.); (H.P.)
| | - Hyejin Park
- Soil and Fertilizer Division, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration, Wanju 55365, Republic of Korea; (Y.X.K.); (C.L.); (Y.S.); (H.P.)
| | - Choong Hwan Lee
- Research Institute for Bioactive-Metabolome Network, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea;
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea;
| | - Yejin Lee
- Soil and Fertilizer Division, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration, Wanju 55365, Republic of Korea; (Y.X.K.); (C.L.); (Y.S.); (H.P.)
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Lu L, Wang Q, Zhang W, Gao M, Xv Y, Li S, Dong H, Chen D, Yan P, Dong Z. Urea Coated with Polyaspartic Acid-Chitosan Increases Foxtail Millet ( Setaria italica L. Beauv.) Grain Yield by Improving Nitrogen Metabolism. Plants (Basel) 2024; 13:415. [PMID: 38337948 PMCID: PMC10857690 DOI: 10.3390/plants13030415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2023] [Revised: 01/26/2024] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
Innovative measures of nitrogen (N) fertilization to increase season-long N availability is essential for gaining the optimal foxtail millet (Setaria italica L. Beauv.) productivity and N use efficiency. A split plot field experiment was conducted using the foxtail millet variety Huayougu 9 in 2020 and 2021 in Northeast China to clarify the physiological mechanism of a novel polyaspartic acid-chitosan (PAC)-coated urea on N assimilation and utilization from foxtail millet. Conventional N fertilizer (CN) and the urea-coated -PAC treatments were tested under six nitrogen fertilizer application levels of 0, 75, 112.5, 150, 225, and 337.5 kg N ha-1. The results showed that compared to CN, PN increased the foxtail millet yield by 5.53-15.75% and 10.43-16.17% in 2020 and 2021, respectively. PN increased the leaf area index and dry matter accumulation by 7.81-18.15% and 12.91-41.92%, respectively. PN also enhanced the activities of nitrate reductase, glutamine synthetase, glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase, and glutamic-pyruvic transaminase, thereby increasing the soluble protein in the leaf, plant, and grain N content at harvest compared to CN. Consequently, partial factor productivity from applied N, the agronomic efficiency of applied N, recovery efficiency of applied N, and physiological efficiency of applied N of foxtail millet under PN treatments compared to CN were increased. The improvement effect of the items above was more noticeable under the low-middle N application levels (75, 112.5, and 150 kg N ha-1). In conclusion, the PAC could achieve the goal of high yield and high N use efficiency in foxtail millet under the background of a one-time basic fertilizer application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Lu
- Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China; (L.L.); (W.Z.); (Y.X.); (H.D.); (D.C.)
| | - Qi Wang
- Beijing Agricultural Technology Extension, Beijing 100029, China;
| | - Wei Zhang
- Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China; (L.L.); (W.Z.); (Y.X.); (H.D.); (D.C.)
- College of Resources and Environment, Shanxi Agricultural University, Jinzhong 030801, China
| | - Ming Gao
- Institute of Crop Resources Sciences, Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun 130033, China; (M.G.); (S.L.)
| | - Yanli Xv
- Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China; (L.L.); (W.Z.); (Y.X.); (H.D.); (D.C.)
| | - Shujie Li
- Institute of Crop Resources Sciences, Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun 130033, China; (M.G.); (S.L.)
| | - Haosheng Dong
- Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China; (L.L.); (W.Z.); (Y.X.); (H.D.); (D.C.)
| | - Disu Chen
- Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China; (L.L.); (W.Z.); (Y.X.); (H.D.); (D.C.)
| | - Peng Yan
- Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China; (L.L.); (W.Z.); (Y.X.); (H.D.); (D.C.)
| | - Zhiqiang Dong
- Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China; (L.L.); (W.Z.); (Y.X.); (H.D.); (D.C.)
- College of Resources and Environment, Shanxi Agricultural University, Jinzhong 030801, China
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Xu J, Si L, Zhang X, Cao K, Wang J. Various green manure- fertilizer combinations affect the soil microbial community and function in immature red soil. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1255056. [PMID: 38163071 PMCID: PMC10757628 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1255056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Green manure application is a common practice to improve soil fertility in China. However, the impact of different green manure-fertilizer combinations on the soil microbial communities in the low-fertility immature red soil in southern China remains unclear. In this study, we conducted a pot experiment using two common green manure crops, ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) and Chinese milk vetch (Astragalus sinicus L.), along with a fallow treatment. We also considered three combined fertilizer management strategies, including mineral, humic acid, and organic manure fertilizers. We evaluated the soil microbial biomass, activity, communities, functional prediction and their correlation with soil properties during green manure growth and incorporation periods, to assess the potential alterations caused by different green manure and fertilizer combinations. Our findings indicate that green manure application, particularly in combination with organic fertilizers, increased the alpha diversity of the soil bacterial community, while the opposite trend was observed in the fungal community. The application of green manure altered the soil microbial communities during both growth and incorporation periods, especially the taxa that participate in carbon, nitrogen and sulfur cycles. Notably, ryegrass significantly increased the relative abundance of bacterial phylum Firmicutes and fungal phylum Ascomycota, whereas Chinese milk vetch significantly stimulated the bacterial phylum Acidobacteria and fungal phylum Glomeromycota. Compared with fallow treatments, green manure application significantly increased the soil pH by 4.1%-12.4%, and microbial biomass carbon by 29.8%-72.9%, regardless of the types of combined fertilizer. Additionally, the application of green manure resulted in a 35.6%-142.6% increase in urease activity and a 65.9%-172.9% increase in β-glucosidase activity compared to fallow treatments, while led to a 22.5%-55.6% decrease in catalase activity. Further analysis revealed that the changes in both bacterial and fungal communities positively correlated with soil pH, soil organic matter, total nitrogen and alkali hydrolyzed nitrogen contents. Moreover, the relationship between the soil microbial community and soil enzyme activities was regulated by the specific green manure species. In conclusion, our results provide insight into the effects of different green manure-fertilizer combinations on soil microorganisms and their underlying mechanisms in improving soil fertility in the low-fertility immature red soil.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Jianhong Wang
- Institute of Environment, Resource, Soil and Fertilizer, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
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Szopa D, Skrzypczak D, Izydorczyk G, Chojnacka K, Moustakas K, Witek-Krowiak A. Waste Valorization towards Industrial Products through Chemo- and Enzymatic- Hydrolysis. Bioengineered 2023; 14:2184480. [PMID: 37381625 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2023.2184480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/30/2023] Open
Abstract
This paper reviews the scientific literature on the latest technologies for treating waste by chemical hydrolysis, enzymatic hydrolysis and supporting processes. Particular attention is focused on wastes of biological origin, especially high-protein materials and those containing fats and sugars, as valuable components can be extracted from these recyclables to produce plant growth-stimulating compounds and animal feed, chemicals, biofuels or biopolymers. The wastes with the greatest potential were identified and the legislative regulations related to their processing were discussed. Chemical and enzymatic hydrolysis were compared and their main applications directions and important process parameters were indicated, as well as the need to optimize them in order to increase the efficiency of extraction of valuable components.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Szopa
- Department of Advanced Material Technologies, Faculty of Chemistry, Wrocław University of Science and Technology, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Dawid Skrzypczak
- Department of Advanced Material Technologies, Faculty of Chemistry, Wrocław University of Science and Technology, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Grzegorz Izydorczyk
- Department of Advanced Material Technologies, Faculty of Chemistry, Wrocław University of Science and Technology, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Chojnacka
- Department of Advanced Material Technologies, Faculty of Chemistry, Wrocław University of Science and Technology, Wroclaw, Poland
| | | | - Anna Witek-Krowiak
- Department of Advanced Material Technologies, Faculty of Chemistry, Wrocław University of Science and Technology, Wroclaw, Poland
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Zhang L, Zhang Y, Li J, Qi Y, Li L, Qin K, Lu Y, Liu C. Effect of fertilization on the degradation and enantioselectivity of fipronil in soil. Pest Manag Sci 2023; 79:5283-5291. [PMID: 37615248 DOI: 10.1002/ps.7737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Revised: 08/14/2023] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 08/25/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Fertilizers and pesticides are commonly used simultaneously in agriculture. However, the effects of common fertilizers on the dissipation, enantioselectivity, and metabolites of the chiral insecticide fipronil in soil are yet to be reported. RESULT An enantioselective method for detecting fipronil enantiomers and their metabolites in different soil matrices was developed using ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS). The results showed that organic and compound fertilizers significantly decreased the degradation of S- and R-fipronil, whereas phosphate and microbial fertilizers slightly reduced fipronil dissipation. The half-life values for S- and R-fipronil were 43.3 and 28.9 days, 99.0 and 63.0 days, 69.3 and 43.3 days, 46.2 and 30.1 days, and 43.3 and 31.5 days, respectively, in the control and the four fertilizer treatments, respectively. The enantioselectivity of fipronil enantiomers occurred and R-fipronil exhibited preferential degradation with an enantiomeric fraction (EF) of 0.4900-0.6238 in all treatments; but the four tested fertilizers decreased enantioselectivity with EF values changed from 0.4970 to 0.6238 in the control to 0.4900-0.6171 in fertilizer treatments. Two metabolites, fipronil sulfone and sulfide, were produced, and their amounts increased with culture time in all treatments. Fertilization reduced the content of fipronil sulfide and sulfone but hardly reduced the total amount of fipronil and its metabolites. CONCLUSION Fertilizers affect the environmental behavior of fipronil in the soil. Fertilization alters the soil bacterial community, which may be an important factor. This influence is relatively complicated and should be comprehensively considered in the environmental risk assessment of pesticides. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leihong Zhang
- National Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yirong Zhang
- National Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jindong Li
- Laboratory of Quality and Safety Risk Assessment for Agro-Products (Taiyuan), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Yanli Qi
- Laboratory of Quality and Safety Risk Assessment for Agro-Products (Taiyuan), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Li Li
- College of Plant Protection, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Kaikai Qin
- National Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yongyue Lu
- National Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chenglan Liu
- National Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
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Li D, Qu C, Cheng X, Chen Y, Yan H, Wu Q. Effect of different fertilization strategies on the yield, quality of Euryales Semen and soil microbial community. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1310366. [PMID: 38098669 PMCID: PMC10719947 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1310366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Euryales Semen, a medicinal herb widely utilized in Asia, faces a critical constraint in its production, primarily attributed to fertilizer utilization. Understanding the impact of different fertilization schemes on Euryales Semen (ES) planting and exploring the supporting mechanism are crucial for achieving high yield and sustainable development of the ES planting industry. Methods In this study, a field plot experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of four different fertilization treatments on the yield and quality of ES using morphological characteristics and metabolomic changes. These treatments included a control group and three groups with different organic fertilizer to chemical fertilizer ratios (3:7, 5:5, and 7:3). The results of this study revealed the mechanisms underlying the effect of the different treatments on the yield and quality of Euryales Semen. These insights were achieved through analyses of soil physicochemical properties, soil enzyme activity, and soil microbial structure. Results We found that the quality and yield of ES were the best at a ratio of organic fertilizer to chemical fertilizer of 7:3. The optimality of this treatment was reflected in the yield, soil available nitrogen, soil available phosphorus, and soil enzyme activity of ES. This ratio also increased soil microbial diversity, resulting in an increase and decrease in Proteobacteria and Firmicutes abundances, respectively. In addition, linear discriminant analysis showed that Chloroflexi, Gammaproteobacteria, and Hypocreales-incertae-sedis were significantly enriched in the ratio of organic fertilizer to chemical fertilizer of 7:3. Variance partitioning analysis showed that the soil properties, enzyme activities, and their interactions cumulatively can explain 90.80% of the differences in Euryales Semen yield and metabolome. In general, blending organic and chemical fertilizers at a 7:3 ratio can enhance soil fertility, boost Euryales Semen yield and quality, and bring forth conditions that are agriculturally beneficial to microbial (bacteria and fungi) dynamics. Discussion This study initially revealed the scientific connotation of the effects of different fertilization patterns on the planting of Euryales Semen and laid a theoretical foundation for the study of green planting patterns of Euryales Semen with high quality and yield.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dishuai Li
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Cheng Qu
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Nanjing, China
- National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Xuemei Cheng
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Yexing Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Hui Yan
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Nanjing, China
- National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Qinan Wu
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Nanjing, China
- National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, Nanjing, China
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Hao P, Ren Y, Lin B, Yi K, Huang L, Li X, Jiang L, Hua S. Transcriptomic Analysis of the Reduction in Seed Oil Content through Increased Nitrogen Application Rate in Rapeseed ( Brassica napus L.). Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:16220. [PMID: 38003410 PMCID: PMC10671146 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242216220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2023] [Revised: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Nitrogen is essential for improving the seed oil yield of rapeseed (Brassica napus L.). However, the molecular mechanism by which increased nitrogen rates impact seed oil content is largely unknown. Therefore, a field experiment was conducted to determine how three nitrogen application rates (120, 240, and 360 kg ha-1) regulated seed oil content via transcriptomic analysis. The results showed that the seed yield and the protein and total N contents increased from N1 to N3, with average increases of 57.2%, 16.9%, and 79.5%, respectively. However, the seed oil content significantly decreased from N1 to N3, with an average decrease of 8.6%. These results were repeated over a number of years. The quantity of oil protein bodies observed under a transmission electron microscope was in accordance with the ultimate seed oil and protein contents. As the nitrogen application rate increased, a substantial number of genes involved in the photosynthesis, glycolysis, and phenylpropanoid biosynthesis pathways were up-regulated, as were TF families, such as AP2/ERF, MYB, and NAC. The newly identified genes were mainly involved in carbohydrate, lipid, and amino acid metabolism. Metabolic flux analysis showed that most of the genes involved in glycolysis and fatty acid biosynthesis had higher transcript levels in the early development stages. Our results provide new insights into the molecular regulation of rapeseed seed oil content through increased nitrogen application rates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengfei Hao
- Institute of Crop and Nuclear Technology Utilization, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China; (P.H.); (K.Y.); (L.H.); (X.L.)
| | - Yun Ren
- Institute of Crop, Huzhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Huzhou 313002, China;
| | - Baogang Lin
- Institute of Crop and Nuclear Technology Utilization, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China; (P.H.); (K.Y.); (L.H.); (X.L.)
| | - Kaige Yi
- Institute of Crop and Nuclear Technology Utilization, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China; (P.H.); (K.Y.); (L.H.); (X.L.)
| | - Lan Huang
- Institute of Crop and Nuclear Technology Utilization, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China; (P.H.); (K.Y.); (L.H.); (X.L.)
| | - Xi Li
- Institute of Crop and Nuclear Technology Utilization, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China; (P.H.); (K.Y.); (L.H.); (X.L.)
| | - Lixi Jiang
- College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China;
| | - Shuijin Hua
- Institute of Crop and Nuclear Technology Utilization, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China; (P.H.); (K.Y.); (L.H.); (X.L.)
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Russo L, Stout JC. Manipulating network connectance by altering plant attractiveness. PeerJ 2023; 11:e16319. [PMID: 38025756 PMCID: PMC10640842 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.16319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Mutualistic interactions between plants and their pollinating insects are critical to the maintenance of biodiversity. However, we have yet to demonstrate that we are able to manage the structural properties of these networks for the purposes of pollinator conservation and preserving functional outcomes, such as pollination services. Our objective was to explore the extent of our ability to experimentally increase, decrease, and maintain connectance, a structural attribute that reflects patterns of insect visitation and foraging preferences. Patterns of connectance relate to the stability and function of ecological networks. Methods We implemented a 2-year field experiment across eight sites in urban Dublin, Ireland, applying four agrochemical treatments to fixed communities of seven flowering plant species in a randomized block design. We spent ~117 h collecting 1,908 flower-visiting insects of 92 species or morphospecies with standardized sampling methods across the 2 years. We hypothesized that the fertilizer treatment would increase, herbicide decrease, and a combination of both maintain the connectance of the network, relative to a control treatment of just water. Results Our results showed that we were able to successfully increase network connectance with a fertilizer treatment, and maintain network connectance with a combination of fertilizer and herbicide. However, we were not successful in decreasing network connectance with the herbicide treatment. The increase in connectance in the fertilized treatment was due to an increased species richness of visiting insects, rather than changes to their abundance. We also demonstrated that this change was due to an increase in the realized proportion of insect visitor species rather than increased visitation by common, generalist species of floral visitors. Overall, this work suggests that connectance is an attribute of network structure that can be manipulated, with implications for management goals or conservation efforts in these mutualistic communities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Russo
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, USA
| | - Jane C. Stout
- Department of Botany, University of Dublin, Trinity College, Dublin, Ireland
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Hibbert LE, Qian Y, Smith HK, Milner S, Katz E, Kliebenstein DJ, Taylor G. Making watercress ( Nasturtium officinale) cropping sustainable: genomic insights into enhanced phosphorus use efficiency in an aquatic crop. Front Plant Sci 2023; 14:1279823. [PMID: 38023842 PMCID: PMC10662076 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1279823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
Watercress (Nasturtium officinale) is a nutrient-dense salad crop with high antioxidant capacity and glucosinolate concentration and with the potential to contribute to nutrient security as a locally grown outdoor aquatic crop in northern temperate climates. However, phosphate-based fertilizers used to support plant growth contribute to the eutrophication of aquatic habitats, often pristine chalk streams, downstream of farms, increasing pressure to minimize fertilizer use and develop a more phosphorus-use efficient (PUE) crop. Here, we grew genetically distinct watercress lines selected from a bi-parental mapping population on a commercial watercress farm either without additional phosphorus (P-) or under a commercial phosphate-based fertilizer regime (P+), to decipher effects on morphology, nutritional profile, and the transcriptome. Watercress plants sustained shoot yield in P- conditions, through enhanced root biomass, but with shorter stems and smaller leaves. Glucosinolate concentration was not affected by P- conditions, but both antioxidant capacity and the concentration of sugars and starch in shoot tissue were enhanced. We identified two watercress breeding lines, with contrasting strategies for enhanced PUE: line 60, with highly plastic root systems and increased root growth in P-, and line 102, maintaining high yield irrespective of P supply, but less plastic. RNA-seq analysis revealed a suite of genes involved in cell membrane remodeling, root development, suberization, and phosphate transport as potential future breeding targets for enhanced PUE. We identified watercress gene targets for enhanced PUE for future biotechnological and breeding approaches enabling less fertilizer inputs and reduced environmental damage from watercress cultivation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren E. Hibbert
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, United States
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Southampton, Hampshire, United Kingdom
| | - Yufei Qian
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, United States
| | | | | | - Ella Katz
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, United States
| | | | - Gail Taylor
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, United States
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15
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Gao F, Ye L, Mu X, Xu L, Shi Z, Luo Y. Synergistic effects of earthworms and cow manure under reduced chemical fertilization modified microbial community structure to mitigate continuous cropping effects on Chinese flowering cabbage. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1285464. [PMID: 37954241 PMCID: PMC10637444 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1285464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023] Open
Abstract
The substitution of chemical fertilizers with organic fertilizers is a viable strategy to enhance crop yield and soil quality. In this study, the aim was to investigate the changes in soil microorganisms, soil chemical properties, and growth of Chinese flowering cabbage under different fertilization treatments involving earthworms and cow manure. Compared with the control (100% chemical fertilizer), CE (30% reduction in chemical fertilizer + earthworms) and CFE (30% reduction in chemical fertilizer + cow dung + earthworms) treatments at soil pH 8.14 and 8.07, respectively, and CFC (30% reduction in chemical fertilizer + cow manure) and CFE treatments increased soil organic matter (SOM), total nitrogen (TN), available nitrogen (AN), and available potassium (AK) contents. Earthworms and cow manure promoted the abundance of Bacillus and reduced that of the pathogens Plectosphaerella and Gibberella. The mantle test revealed that pH was not correlated with the microbial community. Random forest analysis verified that AN, SOM, and TN were important factors that jointly influenced bacterial and fungal diversity. Overall, the synergistic effect of earthworms and cow manure increased soil fertility and microbial diversity, thereby promoting the growth and development of Chinese flowering cabbage. This study enhanced the understanding of how bioregulation affects the growth and soil quality of Chinese flowering cabbage, and thus provided a guidance for the optimization of fertilization strategies to maximize the yield and quality of Chinese flowering cabbage while reducing environmental risks.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Lin Ye
- College of Wine and Horticulture, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, China
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Onyeneke RU, Agyarko FF, Onyeneke CJ, Osuji EE, Ibeneme PA, Esfahani IJ. How Does Climate Change Affect Tomato and Okra Production? Evidence from Nigeria. Plants (Basel) 2023; 12:3477. [PMID: 37836217 PMCID: PMC10575383 DOI: 10.3390/plants12193477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2023] [Revised: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023]
Abstract
This study examined the impacts of climate change on okra and tomato yields. Fertilizer consumption and credit to the crop sector were considered as covariates in the analysis. Time-series data, spanning a period of 40 years, were obtained from various sources. An autoregressive distributed lag model was applied to analyze short- and long-term impacts of climate change and agricultural inputs on okra and tomato yields. Not all variables were stationary at levels (order zero), but they were all significant at first difference, indicating the presence of cointegration. The Bound's test F-ratio was statistically significant and implied the presence of long- and short-term relationships among the variables studied. The mean temperatures had negative impacts on okra and tomato yields in both the short and long terms. Credit guaranteed to the crop sector had positive short- and long-term impacts on tomato yield; fertilizer consumption had a negative long-term impact on okra yield. Our study concludes that climate change, particularly rising temperature, impacts herbaceous fruit crop production in Nigeria. Therefore, we recommend that breeding and disseminating climate-smart tomato and okra varieties will help fruit crop farmers respond to rising temperatures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Ugochukwu Onyeneke
- Department of Agriculture, Alex Ekwueme Federal University Ndufu-Alike, Ikwo 482131, Nigeria; (R.U.O.); (C.J.O.); (E.E.O.)
| | - Fred Fosu Agyarko
- Institute for Scientific and Technological Information (INSTI), Accra P.O. Box M 32, Ghana;
| | - Chinenye Judith Onyeneke
- Department of Agriculture, Alex Ekwueme Federal University Ndufu-Alike, Ikwo 482131, Nigeria; (R.U.O.); (C.J.O.); (E.E.O.)
| | - Emeka Emmanuel Osuji
- Department of Agriculture, Alex Ekwueme Federal University Ndufu-Alike, Ikwo 482131, Nigeria; (R.U.O.); (C.J.O.); (E.E.O.)
| | - Patience Afor Ibeneme
- Department of Geography, Alex Ekwueme Federal University Ndufu-Alike, Ikwo 482131, Nigeria;
| | - Iman Janghorban Esfahani
- Glopex Co., Ltd., R & D Center B2065, GeumGang Penterium IX Tower A2801, Dongtancheomdansaneop 1-ro 27, Hwaseong-si 18469, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
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Baptista F, Almeida M, Paié-Ribeiro J, Barros AN, Rodrigues M. Unlocking the Potential of Spent Mushroom Substrate (SMS) for Enhanced Agricultural Sustainability: From Environmental Benefits to Poultry Nutrition. Life (Basel) 2023; 13:1948. [PMID: 37895329 PMCID: PMC10608327 DOI: 10.3390/life13101948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Revised: 09/09/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
In this comprehensive review, we delve into the myriad applications of spent mushroom substrate (SMS) in agricultural contexts, with a particular emphasis on its role in fostering sustainable poultry production. Our examination spans three key domains: the use of SMS in fertilizers, its impact on environmental factors and gas emissions, and its contribution to poultry nutrition. This review synthesizes findings from multiple studies that underscore the potential of composted SMS as a viable alternative to conventional inorganic fertilizers, effectively meeting crop nutrient needs while mitigating groundwater contamination risks. Moreover, we highlight the substantial environmental advantages associated with the utilization of SMS and poultry waste, including reductions in greenhouse gas emissions and the promotion of sustainable waste management practices. Additionally, we explore the promising outcomes of integrating SMS into animal feed formulations, which have demonstrated significant enhancements in livestock growth performance and overall health. In sum, this review underscores the versatility and untapped potential of SMS as a valuable agricultural resource, with a particular focus on its role in advancing sustainable practices, optimizing nutrient management, and harnessing the value of organic waste materials, especially in the context of poultry production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Filipa Baptista
- Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences, CITAB, University de Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, UTAD, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal; (A.N.B.); (M.R.)
| | - Mariana Almeida
- Veterinary and Animal Research Centre (CECAV), Associate Laboratory of Animal and Veterinary Sciences (AL4AnimalS), University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, Quinta de Prados, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal; (M.A.); (J.P.-R.)
| | - Jéssica Paié-Ribeiro
- Veterinary and Animal Research Centre (CECAV), Associate Laboratory of Animal and Veterinary Sciences (AL4AnimalS), University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, Quinta de Prados, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal; (M.A.); (J.P.-R.)
| | - Ana Novo Barros
- Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences, CITAB, University de Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, UTAD, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal; (A.N.B.); (M.R.)
| | - Miguel Rodrigues
- Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences, CITAB, University de Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, UTAD, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal; (A.N.B.); (M.R.)
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Lu Z, Zhou Y, Li Y, Li C, Lu M, Sun X, Luo Z, Zhao J, Fan M. Effects of partial substitution of chemical fertilizer with organic manure on the activity of enzyme and soil bacterial communities in the mountain red soil. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1234904. [PMID: 37736094 PMCID: PMC10509364 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1234904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction The partial substitution of chemical fertilizer with organic manure takes on a critical significance to enhancing soil quality and boosting sustainable agricultural development. However, rare research has studied the effects of partial substitution of chemical fertilizer with organic manure on soil bacterial community diversity and enzyme activity in maize field in the mountain red soil region of Yunnan. Methods In this study, four treatments were set up in which chemical fertilizer (the application rates of N, P2O5 and K2O were 240, 75 and 75 kg·ha-1, respectively) was substituted by 10% (M10), 20% (M20), 30% (M30) and 40% (M40) of organic manure with equal nitrogen, as well as two control treatments of single application of chemical fertilizer (M0) and no fertilization (CK). The maize (Zea mays L.) crop was sown as a test crop in May 2018. The effects of partial substitution of chemical fertilizer with organic manure on soil physicochemical properties, soil bacterial community diversity and enzyme activity were studied. Results The activities of Cellulase (CBH), Invertase (INV) and β-glucosidase (BG) increased with the increase of organic manure substitution ratio. The activities of β-1,4-N-acetylglucosaminidase (NAG), Urease (URE), and leucine aminopeptidase (LAP) also had the same trend, but the highest activities were 159.92 mg·g-1·h-1, 66.82 mg·g-1·h-1 and 143.90 mg·g-1·h-1 at 30% substitution ratio. Compared with CK and M0 treatments, Shannon index increased notably by 82.91%-116.74% and 92.42%-128.01%, respectively, at the organic manure substitution ratio ranging from 10% to 40%. Chao1 and ACE index increased significantly at the organic manure substitution ratio ranging from 10% to 30%. Proteobacteria was the dominant phylum in all treatments, the relative abundance of Proteobacteria decreased as the organic manure substitution ratio increased. Redundancy analysis showed that microbial biomass C was the main factor affecting the bacterial community composition under partial replacement of chemical fertilizer treatment, while Actinobacteria was the main factor affecting the enzyme activity. In addition, the maize yield of M30 and M40 treatments was significantly higher than that of CK and M0-M20 treatments, and the yield of M30 treatment was the highest, reaching 7652.89 kg·ha-1. Conclusion Therefore, the partial substitution of chemical fertilizer with organic manure can improve soil biological characteristics, while increasing bacterial community diversity and soil enzyme activity. Therefore, a thirty percent organic manure substitution was determined as the optimal substitution ratio for maize farmland in the mountain red soil area of Yunnan, China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zerang Lu
- College of Resources and Environment, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
| | - Yun Zhou
- College of Resources and Environment, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
- College of Ecology and Environment, Yunnan University, Kunming, China
| | - Yongmei Li
- College of Resources and Environment, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
| | - Chunpei Li
- College of Resources and Environment, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
| | - Mei Lu
- College of Resources and Environment, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
| | - Xuemei Sun
- College of Resources and Environment, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
| | - Zhizhang Luo
- College of Resources and Environment, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
| | - Jixia Zhao
- College of Resources and Environment, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
| | - Maopan Fan
- College of Resources and Environment, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
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Md. Mansoor Roomi S, Sathya Bama B, Puvi Lakshmi V, Vaishnavi M. Hyperspectral dataset of pure and pesticide-coated apples for measuring the level of fertilizers used. Data Brief 2023; 49:109321. [PMID: 37416095 PMCID: PMC10319983 DOI: 10.1016/j.dib.2023.109321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2023] [Revised: 04/18/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/08/2023] Open
Abstract
This dataset provides three classes of hyperspectral images: pure, insecticide-immersed, and fungicide-immersed apples with different concentrations of fertilizers. The hyperspectral images were calibrated under white and dark correction and enhanced using contrast enhancement. In order to know the variations in the level of fertilizers used, we soaked the apples in 2 different concentrations of chemicals i.e., 1ml or 1g of fertilizer in 1 liter of water as low concentration, and 3ml or 3g of fertilizer in 1 liter of water as high concentration. The proposed dataset will help in finding the consumption level of fertilizers (pesticides) in apples.
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Sahasakul Y, Aursalung A, Thangsiri S, Temviriyanukul P, Inthachat W, Pongwichian P, Sasithorn K, Suttisansanee U. Nutritional Compositions, Phenolic Contents and Antioxidant Activities of Rainfed Rice Grown in Different Degrees of Soil Salinity. Foods 2023; 12:2870. [PMID: 37569139 PMCID: PMC10417330 DOI: 10.3390/foods12152870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 07/22/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Rice (Oryza sativa) is a staple food crop for over half of the world's population. However, drought as a result of climate change has led to increased soil salinity, thereby reducing agricultural potential, especially rice nutritional compositions and biochemical properties. Nevertheless, soil management by using suitable fertilizers might be able to improve rice quality even though these rice samples were grown in soil with a high degree of salinity. This study investigated nutritional compositions, phenolic contents, and antioxidant activities of twenty-five rainfed rice samples in Khao Dawk Mali 105 (KDML105) and Rice Department 15 (RD15) varieties grown in soil with different degrees of salinity. The soil, however, had been improved by the usage of fertilizer at the tillering and booting stages. Results indicated that all rice samples exhibited similar nutrients, total phenolic contents (TPCs), and antioxidant potentials, suggesting that appropriate fertilizer could improve rice qualities. Principle Component Analysis (PCA) and Pearson correlation results suggested that regardless of rice varieties, organic matter (OM) and soil potassium (Ks) showed a very strong positive correlation with protein and minerals (Ca, Na, K, and Fe), while opposite results were observed with soil pH. Moderate to very weak correlations were also observed between soil parameters and TPCs, as well as between soil parameters and antioxidant activities. The received information will be useful for the future development of appropriate fertilizer usage in salt-tolerant rice with particular nutritional quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuraporn Sahasakul
- Food and Nutrition Academic and Research Cluster, Institute of Nutrition, Mahidol University, Salaya, Phuttamonthon, Nakhon Pathom 73170, Thailand; (Y.S.); (A.A.); (S.T.); (P.T.); (W.I.)
| | - Amornrat Aursalung
- Food and Nutrition Academic and Research Cluster, Institute of Nutrition, Mahidol University, Salaya, Phuttamonthon, Nakhon Pathom 73170, Thailand; (Y.S.); (A.A.); (S.T.); (P.T.); (W.I.)
| | - Sirinapa Thangsiri
- Food and Nutrition Academic and Research Cluster, Institute of Nutrition, Mahidol University, Salaya, Phuttamonthon, Nakhon Pathom 73170, Thailand; (Y.S.); (A.A.); (S.T.); (P.T.); (W.I.)
| | - Piya Temviriyanukul
- Food and Nutrition Academic and Research Cluster, Institute of Nutrition, Mahidol University, Salaya, Phuttamonthon, Nakhon Pathom 73170, Thailand; (Y.S.); (A.A.); (S.T.); (P.T.); (W.I.)
| | - Woorawee Inthachat
- Food and Nutrition Academic and Research Cluster, Institute of Nutrition, Mahidol University, Salaya, Phuttamonthon, Nakhon Pathom 73170, Thailand; (Y.S.); (A.A.); (S.T.); (P.T.); (W.I.)
| | - Pirach Pongwichian
- Land Development Department, Phaholyothin Rd., Lat Yao, Chatuchak, Bangkok 10900, Thailand; (P.P.); (K.S.)
| | - Kamontip Sasithorn
- Land Development Department, Phaholyothin Rd., Lat Yao, Chatuchak, Bangkok 10900, Thailand; (P.P.); (K.S.)
| | - Uthaiwan Suttisansanee
- Food and Nutrition Academic and Research Cluster, Institute of Nutrition, Mahidol University, Salaya, Phuttamonthon, Nakhon Pathom 73170, Thailand; (Y.S.); (A.A.); (S.T.); (P.T.); (W.I.)
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21
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Stiefvater G, Hespos Y, Wiedenmann D, Lambrecht A, Brunner R, Wöllenstein J. A Portable Laser Spectroscopic System for Measuring Nitrous Oxide Emissions on Fertilized Cropland. Sensors (Basel) 2023; 23:6686. [PMID: 37571468 PMCID: PMC10422589 DOI: 10.3390/s23156686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Revised: 07/07/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023]
Abstract
Nitrous oxide (laughing gas, N2O) is a relevant greenhouse gas. Agriculture contributes significantly to its emissions. As nitrogen fertilization has been identified as one of the main sources of N2O, controlled application and reduction of the amount of fertilizer adapted to crop demand is essential to reduce N2O emissions. This requires detailed studies of the local distribution of the N2O emission fluxes on different croplands. Consequently, frequent spatially resolved field measurements of N2O concentrations are needed. A precision in the ppb range close to the ambient N2O level of 333 ppb is necessary. Tunable laser absorption spectroscopy using quantum-cascade lasers (QCL) as a light source is an established technique for the measurement of N2O traces. We present the development and validation of a compact portable setup for on-site measurement of N2O emissions from the soil. The setup differs from previous solutions by using an interband cascade laser (ICL), which has significantly lower power consumption compared to a QCL. The portable measurement setup allows N2O emission fluxes to be determined with a precision of 3.5% with a measuring duration of 10 min. The developed system enables the detection of increased N2O emissions because of the fertilization of fields. High N2O emission fluxes are indicators of the overfertilization of the field. Directly after fertilization, N2O fluxes between 2.9 and 5.3 µL m-2 min-1 depending on the gas acquisition site are measured during the field tests. Over time, the fluxes decrease. The obtained results compare well with data from more precise but also more complex and maintenance-intensive instruments for atmospheric research. With this system, the soil moisture as well as the air humidity and air temperature are recorded. Strong influences on N2O fluxes by soil moisture were observed. The presented measurement system is a contribution to the establishment of mobile N2O screening systems that are robust in the field and suitable for comprehensive and routine detection of N2O emissions from soil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerrit Stiefvater
- Fraunhofer Institute for Physical Measurement Techniques IPM, Georges-Köhler-Allee 301, 79110 Freiburg, Germany (J.W.)
- Laboratory for Gas Sensors, Department of Microsystems Engineering-IMTEK, University of Freiburg, Georges-Köhler-Allee 102, 79110 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Yvonne Hespos
- Fraunhofer Institute for Physical Measurement Techniques IPM, Georges-Köhler-Allee 301, 79110 Freiburg, Germany (J.W.)
| | - Dominic Wiedenmann
- Fraunhofer Institute for Physical Measurement Techniques IPM, Georges-Köhler-Allee 301, 79110 Freiburg, Germany (J.W.)
| | - Armin Lambrecht
- Fraunhofer Institute for Physical Measurement Techniques IPM, Georges-Köhler-Allee 301, 79110 Freiburg, Germany (J.W.)
| | - Raimund Brunner
- Fraunhofer Institute for Physical Measurement Techniques IPM, Georges-Köhler-Allee 301, 79110 Freiburg, Germany (J.W.)
| | - Jürgen Wöllenstein
- Fraunhofer Institute for Physical Measurement Techniques IPM, Georges-Köhler-Allee 301, 79110 Freiburg, Germany (J.W.)
- Laboratory for Gas Sensors, Department of Microsystems Engineering-IMTEK, University of Freiburg, Georges-Köhler-Allee 102, 79110 Freiburg, Germany
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22
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Kratochvílová R, Kráčalík M, Smilková M, Sedláček P, Pekař M, Bradt E, Smilek J, Závodská P, Klučáková M. Functional Hydrogels for Agricultural Application. Gels 2023; 9:590. [PMID: 37504469 PMCID: PMC10378905 DOI: 10.3390/gels9070590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Revised: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Ten different hydrogels were prepared and analyzed from the point of view of their use in soil. FT-IR spectra, morphology, swelling ability, and rheological properties were determined for their characterization and appraisal of their stability. The aim was to characterize prepared materials containing different amounts of NPK as mineral fertilizer, lignohumate as a source of organic carbon, and its combination. This study of stability was focused on utility properties in their application in soil-repeated drying/re-swelling cycles and possible freezing in winter. Lignohumate supported the water absorbency, while the addition of NPK caused a negative effect. Pore sizes decreased with NPK addition. Lignohumate incorporated into polymers resulted in a much miscellaneous structure, rich in different pores and voids of with a wide range of sizes. NPK fertilizer supported the elastic character of prepared materials, while the addition of lignohumate shifted their rheological behavior to more liquid. Both dynamic moduli decreased in time. The most stable samples appeared to contain only one fertilizer constituent (NPK or lignohumate). Repeated re-swelling resulted in an increase in elastic character, which was connected with the gradual release of fertilizers. A similar effect was observed with samples that were frozen and defrosted, except samples containing a higher amount of NPK without lignohumate. A positive effect of acrylamide on superabsorbent properties was not confirmed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Romana Kratochvílová
- Faculty of Chemistry, Brno University of Technology, Purkyňova 464/118, CZ-61200 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Milan Kráčalík
- Institute of Polymer Science, Johannes Kepler University, Altenberger Strasse 69, 4040 Linz, Austria
| | - Marcela Smilková
- Faculty of Chemistry, Brno University of Technology, Purkyňova 464/118, CZ-61200 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Petr Sedláček
- Faculty of Chemistry, Brno University of Technology, Purkyňova 464/118, CZ-61200 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Miloslav Pekař
- Faculty of Chemistry, Brno University of Technology, Purkyňova 464/118, CZ-61200 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Elke Bradt
- Institute of Polymer Science, Johannes Kepler University, Altenberger Strasse 69, 4040 Linz, Austria
| | - Jiří Smilek
- Faculty of Chemistry, Brno University of Technology, Purkyňova 464/118, CZ-61200 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Petra Závodská
- Faculty of Chemistry, Brno University of Technology, Purkyňova 464/118, CZ-61200 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Martina Klučáková
- Faculty of Chemistry, Brno University of Technology, Purkyňova 464/118, CZ-61200 Brno, Czech Republic
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23
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Rajonandraina T, Ueda Y, Wissuwa M, Kirk GJD, Rakotoson T, Manwaring H, Andriamananjara A, Razafimbelo T. Magnesium supply alleviates iron toxicity-induced leaf bronzing in rice through exclusion and tissue-tolerance mechanisms. Front Plant Sci 2023; 14:1213456. [PMID: 37546266 PMCID: PMC10403268 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1213456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Accepted: 07/04/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023]
Abstract
Introduction Iron (Fe) toxicity is a widespread nutritional disorder in lowland rice causing growth retardation and leaf symptoms referred to as leaf bronzing. It is partly caused by an imbalance of nutrients other than Fe and supply of these is known to mitigate the toxicity. But the physiological and molecular mechanisms involved are unknown. Methods We investigated the effect of magnesium (Mg) on Fe toxicity tolerance in a field study in the Central Highlands of Madagascar and in hydroponic experiments with excess Fe (300 mg Fe L-1). An RNA-seq analysis was conducted in a hydroponic experiment to elucidate possible mechanisms underlying Mg effects. Results and discussion Addition of Mg consistently decreased leaf bronzing under both field and hydroponic conditions, whereas potassium (K) addition caused minor effects. Plants treated with Mg tended to have smaller shoot Fe concentrations in the field, suggesting enhanced exclusion at the whole-plant level. However, analysis of multiple genotypes showed that Fe toxicity symptoms were also mitigated without a concomitant decrease of Fe concentration, suggesting that increased Mg supply confers tolerance at the tissue level. The hydroponic experiments also suggested that Mg mitigated leaf bronzing without significantly decreasing Fe concentration or oxidative stress as assessed by the content of malondialdehyde, a biomarker for oxidative stress. An RNA-seq analysis revealed that Mg induced more changes in leaves than roots. Subsequent cis-element analysis suggested that NAC transcription factor binding sites were enriched in genes induced by Fe toxicity in leaves. Addition of Mg caused non-significant enrichment of the same binding sites, suggesting that NAC family proteins may mediate the effect of Mg. This study provides clues for mitigating Fe toxicity-induced leaf bronzing in rice.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yoshiaki Ueda
- Crop, Livestock and Environment Division, Japan International Research Center for Agricultural Sciences (JIRCAS), Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Matthias Wissuwa
- Crop, Livestock and Environment Division, Japan International Research Center for Agricultural Sciences (JIRCAS), Tsukuba, Japan
- PhenoRob Cluster & Institute of Crop Science and Resource Conservation (INRES), University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Guy J. D. Kirk
- School of Water, Energy and Environment, Cranfield University, Cranfield, United Kingdom
| | - Tovohery Rakotoson
- Laboratoire des RadioIsotopes (LRI), Université d’Antananarivo, Antananarivo, Madagascar
| | - Hanna Manwaring
- School of Water, Energy and Environment, Cranfield University, Cranfield, United Kingdom
| | - Andry Andriamananjara
- Laboratoire des RadioIsotopes (LRI), Université d’Antananarivo, Antananarivo, Madagascar
| | - Tantely Razafimbelo
- Laboratoire des RadioIsotopes (LRI), Université d’Antananarivo, Antananarivo, Madagascar
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24
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López-Rayo S, Valverde S, Lucena JJ. [ S,S]-EDDS Ligand as a Soil Solubilizer of Fe, Mn, Zn, and Cu to Improve Plant Nutrition in Deficient Soils. J Agric Food Chem 2023. [PMID: 37314888 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c02057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The deficiencies of iron, manganese, zinc, and copper in calcareous soils are a worldwide problem affecting plant growth and fruit quality, usually minimized by the application of recalcitrant synthetic metal chelates. Biodegradable ligand [S,S]-EDDS is an eco-friendly substitute. This study investigates the capacity of [S,S]-EDDS to mobilize micronutrients from agronomic soils and improve plant nutrition. A batch and a plant experiment (Phaseolus vulgaris cv. Black Pole) with three agronomic soils was conducted to monitor the micronutrients solubilized by [S,S]-EDDS, the ligand degradation, and plant uptake. The results demonstrated the high capacity of [S,S]-EDDS to solubilize Fe and other micronutrients related to its chemical behavior and the enhancement of plant nutrition. The best results were shown in sandy-clay soil with low Fe, typically found in the Mediterranean areas. The results support the direct application of the ligand to soils and a possible biotechnological application of the ligand-producer bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra López-Rayo
- Department of Agricultural Chemistry and Food Science, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Silvia Valverde
- Department of Agricultural Chemistry and Food Science, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Juan José Lucena
- Department of Agricultural Chemistry and Food Science, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain
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25
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Dhaliwal SS, Sharma V, Shukla AK, Verma V, Kaur M, Alsuhaibani AM, Gaber A, Singh P, Laing AM, Hossain A. Minerals and chelated-based manganese fertilization influences the productivity, uptake, and mobilization of manganese in wheat ( Triticum aestivum L.) in sandy loam soils. Front Plant Sci 2023; 14:1163528. [PMID: 37360703 PMCID: PMC10285095 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1163528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
Manganese (Mn) is an essential micronutrient in plants, and it is necessary for hydrolysis in photosystem II, chlorophyll biosynthesis, and also chloroplast breakdown. Limited Mn availability in light soil resulted in interveinal chlorosis, poor root development, and the development of fewer tillers, particularly staple cereals including wheat, while foliar Mn fertilizers were found efficient in improving crop yield as well as Mn use efficiency. In the above context, a study was conducted in consecutive two wheat growing seasons for screening of the most effective and economical Mn treatment for improving the yield and Mn uptake in wheat and to compare the relative effectiveness of MnCO3 against the recommended dose of MnSO4 for wheat. To fulfill the aims of the study, three manganese products, namely, 1) manganese carbonate MnCO3 (26% Mn w/w and 3.3% N w/w), 2) 0.5% MnSO4·H2O (30.5% Mn), and 3) Mn-EDTA solution (12% Mn), were used as experimental treatments. Treatments and their combinations were as follows: two levels of MnCO3 (26% Mn) @ 750 and 1,250 ml ha-1 were applied at the two stages (i.e., 25-30 and 35-40 days after sowing) of wheat, and three sprays each of 0.5% MnSO4 (30.5% Mn) and Mn-EDTA (12% Mn) solution were applied in other plots. The 2-year study showed that Mn application significantly increased the plant height, productive tillers plant-1, and 1,000 grain weight irrespective of fertilizer source. The results of MnSO4 for grain yield wheat as well as uptake of Mn were statistically at par with both levels (750 and 1,250 ml ha-1) of MnCO3 with two sprays at two stages of wheat. However, the application of Mn in the form of 0.5% MnSO4·H2O (30.5% Mn) was found more economical than MnCO3, while the mobilization efficiency index (1.56) was found maximum when Mn was applied in MnCO3 with two sprays (750 and 1,250 ml ha-1) in the two stages of wheat. Thus, the present study revealed that MnCO3 can be used as an alternative to MnSO4 to enhance the yield and Mn uptake of wheat.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Vivek Sharma
- Department of Soil Science, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, India
| | - Arvind Kumar Shukla
- Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR), Indian Institute of Soil Science, Berasia Rd, Navi Bagh, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Vibha Verma
- Department of Chemistry, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, India
| | - Manmeet Kaur
- Department of Chemistry, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, India
| | - Amnah Mohammed Alsuhaibani
- Department of Physical Sport Science, College of Education, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed Gaber
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
| | - Prabhjot Singh
- Department of Soil Science, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, India
| | - Alison M. Laing
- Agriculture & Food, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO), Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Akbar Hossain
- Division of Soil Science, Bangladesh Wheat and Maize Research Institute, Dinajpur, Bangladesh
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Paul D, Bohacz J, Bhatia SK. Editorial: Biowaste valorization utilizing microbial systems. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1213598. [PMID: 37275137 PMCID: PMC10233111 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1213598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/07/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Debarati Paul
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University Uttar Pradesh (AUUP), Noida, India
| | - Justyna Bohacz
- Department of Environmental Microbiology, Faculty of Agrobioengineering, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Lublin, Poland
| | - Shashi Kant Bhatia
- Department of Biological Engineering, College of Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Institute for Ubiquitous Information Technology and Application, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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27
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Lu Q, Bunn R, Whitney E, Feng Y, DeVetter LW, Tao H. Arbuscular mycorrhizae influence raspberry growth and soil fertility under conventional and organic fertilization. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1083319. [PMID: 37260690 PMCID: PMC10227501 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1083319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Introducing beneficial soil biota such as arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) to agricultural systems may improve plant performance and soil fertility. However, whether bioinocula species composition affects plant growth and soil fertility, and whether fertilizer source influences AMF colonization have not been well characterized. The objectives of this research were to: (1) assess if AMF bioinocula of different species compositions improve raspberry (Rubus idaeus L.) performance and characteristics of soil fertility and (2) evaluate the impact of fertilizer source on AMF colonization. Methods Five bioinocula with different AMF species compositions and three fertilizer sources were applied to tissue culture raspberry transplants in a randomized complete block design with eight replicates. Plants were grown in a greenhouse for 14 weeks and plant growth, tissue nutrient concentrations, soil fertility, and AMF root colonization were measured. Results Shoot K and Zn concentrations as well as soil pH and K concentration increased in the Commercial Mix 1 treatment (Glomus, Gigaspora, and Paraglomus AMF species) compared to the non-inoculated control. RFI (raspberry field bioinoculum; uncharacterized AMF and other microbiota) increased soil organic matter (SOM), estimated nitrogen release (ENR), and soil copper (Cu) concentration compared to the non-inoculated control. Furthermore, plants receiving the Mix 1 or RFI treatments, which include more AMF species, had greater AMF root colonization than the remaining treatments. Plants receiving organic fertilizer had significantly greater AMF colonization than conventionally fertilized plants. Conclusion Taken together, our data indicate that coupling organic fertilizers and bioinocula that include diverse AMF species may enhance raspberry growth and soil fertility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianwen Lu
- Department of Plant Science and Landscape Architecture, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, United States
| | - Rebecca Bunn
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Western Washington University, Bellingham, WA, United States
| | - Erika Whitney
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Western Washington University, Bellingham, WA, United States
| | - Yuanyuan Feng
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Soil and Water Conservation and Ecological Restoration, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Lisa Wasko DeVetter
- Northwestern Washington Research and Extension Center, Washington State University, Mount Vernon, WA, United States
| | - Haiying Tao
- Department of Plant Science and Landscape Architecture, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, United States
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28
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Kuo CM, Yang YC, Zhang WX, Wu JX, Chen YT, Lin CH, Lin MW, Lin CS. A Low-Cost Fertilizer Medium Supplemented with Urea for the Lutein Production of Chlorella sp. and the Ability of the Lutein to Protect Cells against Blue Light Irradiation. Bioengineering (Basel) 2023; 10:bioengineering10050594. [PMID: 37237664 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering10050594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2023] [Revised: 05/12/2023] [Accepted: 05/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the use of organic fertilizers instead of modified f/2 medium for Chlorella sp. cultivation, and the extracted lutein of the microalga to protect mammal cells against blue-light irradiation. The biomass productivity and lutein content of Chlorella sp. cultured in 20 g/L fertilizer medium for 6 days were 1.04 g/L/d and 4.41 mg/g, respectively. These values are approximately 1.3- and 1.4-fold higher than those achieved with the modified f/2 medium, respectively. The cost of medium per gram of microalgal biomass reduced by about 97%. The microalgal lutein content was further increased to 6.03 mg/g in 20 g/L fertilizer medium when supplemented with 20 mM urea, and the cost of medium per gram lutein reduced by about 96%. When doses of ≥1 μM microalgal lutein were used to protect mammal NIH/3T3 cells, there was a significant reduction in the levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) produced by the cells in the following blue-light irradiation treatments. The results show that microalgal lutein produced by fertilizers with urea supplements has the potential to develop anti-blue-light oxidation products and reduce the economic challenges of microalgal biomass applied to carbon biofixation and biofuel production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiu-Mei Kuo
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Chung Yuan Christian University, Taoyuan City 320314, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Chun Yang
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 30068, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Xin Zhang
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 30068, Taiwan
| | - Jia-Xun Wu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Chung Yuan Christian University, Taoyuan City 320314, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Tso Chen
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Chung Yuan Christian University, Taoyuan City 320314, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Han Lin
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 30068, Taiwan
| | - Meng-Wei Lin
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 30068, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Sheng Lin
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 30068, Taiwan
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 30068, Taiwan
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29
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Sun L, Zhang Z, Li Y, Ruan J, Karak T, Yang T. Editorial: Mineral nutrients on tea yield and quality formation. Front Plant Sci 2023; 14:1192432. [PMID: 37255556 PMCID: PMC10225727 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1192432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Accepted: 03/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Lili Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, School of Tea and Food Science and Technology, Anhui Agriculture University, Hefei, China
- Root Biology Center, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Zhaoliang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, School of Tea and Food Science and Technology, Anhui Agriculture University, Hefei, China
| | - Yeyun Li
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, School of Tea and Food Science and Technology, Anhui Agriculture University, Hefei, China
| | - Jianyun Ruan
- Tea Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agriculture Sciences, Key Laboratory of Tea Biology and Resource Utilization of Tea, The Ministry of Agriculture, Hangzhou, China
| | - Tanmoy Karak
- Upper Assam Advisory Centre, Tea Research Association, Dibrugarh, Assam, India
| | - Tianyuan Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, School of Tea and Food Science and Technology, Anhui Agriculture University, Hefei, China
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30
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Chukwu VA, Smith JU, Strachan NJC, Avery LM. Modelling the deactivation of Escherichia coli in Nigerian soils amended with differently treated manures. J Appl Microbiol 2023:7157112. [PMID: 37156529 DOI: 10.1093/jambio/lxad098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
AIM This study aimed to simulate deactivation of E. coli in soils amended with cattle manure after burning, anaerobic digestion, composting or without treatment. METHOD AND RESULTS The Weibull survival function was used to describe deactivation of E. coli. Parameters for each treatment were determined using E. coli measurements from manure-amended soils and evaluated against measurements at different application rates. A statistically significant correlation and high coincidence between the simulated and measured values was obtained. The simulations revealed that although anaerobic digestion or burning of cattle manure effectively reduced the E. coli loads to background levels, burning retained very little nitrogen, so the ash residue was ineffective as an organic fertiliser. Anaerobic digestion was most effective at reducing E. coli levels while retaining a high proportion of N in the bioslurry residue, but the persistence of E. coli was higher than in compost. CONCLUSION The results from this study suggest that the safest method for production of organic fertiliser would involve anaerobic digestion to reduce E. coli followed by composting to reduce its persistence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vince A Chukwu
- Environmental Sciences, School of Biological Sciences, University of Aberdeen, 23 St.Machar Drive, Aberdeen, AB24 3UU, Scotland, UK
| | - Jo U Smith
- Environmental Sciences, School of Biological Sciences, University of Aberdeen, 23 St.Machar Drive, Aberdeen, AB24 3UU, Scotland, UK
| | - Norval J C Strachan
- Environmental Sciences, School of Biological Sciences, University of Aberdeen, 23 St.Machar Drive, Aberdeen, AB24 3UU, Scotland, UK
| | - Lisa M Avery
- James Hutton Institute, Craigiebuckler, Aberdeen, AB15 8QH, United Kingdom
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Teklu D, Gashu D, Joy EJM, Lark RM, Bailey EH, Wilson L, Amede T, Broadley MR. Impact of zinc and iron agronomic biofortification on grain mineral concentration of finger millet varieties as affected by location and slope. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1159833. [PMID: 37215208 PMCID: PMC10195999 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1159833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Food crop micronutrient concentrations can be enhanced through agronomic biofortification, with the potential to reduce micronutrient deficiencies among rural population if they have access to fertilizers. Here we reported the impact of agronomic biofortification on finger millet grain zinc (Zn) and iron (Fe) concentration. Methods A field experiment was conducted in farmers' fields in Ethiopia in two locations; over two seasons in one district (2019 and 2020), and over a single season (2019) in a second district. The experimental design had 15 treatment combinations comprising 3 finger millet varieties and 5 soil-applied fertilizer treatments: (T1) 20 kg ha-1 FeSO4 + 25 kg ha-1 ZnSO4 + NPKS; (T2) 25 kg ha-1 ZnSO4 + NPKS; (T3) NPKS; (T4) 30% NPKS; (T5) 20 kg ha-1 FeSO4 + NPKS. The treatments were studied at two slope positions (foot and hill), replicated four times in a randomized complete block design. Results Grain Zn concentration increased by 20% in response to Fe and Zn and by 18.9% due to Zn addition. Similarly, grain Fe concentration increased by 21.4% in T1 and 17.8% in T5 (Fe). Zinc fertilizer application (p < 0.001), finger millet variety (p < 0.001), and an interaction of Fe and Zn had significant effect on grain Zn concentration. Iron fertilizer (p < 0.001) and interactive effect of Fe fertilizer and finger millet variety (p < 0.01) had significant effects on grain Fe concentration. Location but not slope position was a source of variation for both grain Zn and Fe concentrations. Conclusion Soil application of Zn and Fe could be a viable strategy to enhance grain Zn and Fe concentration to finger millet grain. If increased grain Zn and Fe is bioavailable, it could help to combat micronutrient deficiencies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Demeke Teklu
- Center for Food Science and Nutrition, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Dawd Gashu
- Center for Food Science and Nutrition, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Edward J. M. Joy
- Faculty of Epidemiology and Population Health, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom
- Sustainable Soil and Crop, Rothamsted Research, Hertfordshire, United Kingdom
| | - R. Murray Lark
- School of Bioscience, University of Nottingham, Sutton Bonington Campus, Leicestershire, United Kingdom
| | - Elizabeth H. Bailey
- School of Bioscience, University of Nottingham, Sutton Bonington Campus, Leicestershire, United Kingdom
| | - Lolita Wilson
- School of Bioscience, University of Nottingham, Sutton Bonington Campus, Leicestershire, United Kingdom
| | - Tilahun Amede
- Alliance for a Green Revolution in Africa (AGRA), Sustainably Growing Africa’s Food Systems, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Martin R. Broadley
- Sustainable Soil and Crop, Rothamsted Research, Hertfordshire, United Kingdom
- School of Bioscience, University of Nottingham, Sutton Bonington Campus, Leicestershire, United Kingdom
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Meng W, Zhang X, Zhang Y, Zhang X, Zhu W, Huang H, Han X, Liu Y, Xu C. Poly(vinyl alcohol)/sodium alginate polymer membranes as eco-friendly and biodegradable coatings for slow release fertilizers. J Sci Food Agric 2023; 103:3592-3601. [PMID: 36326723 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.12312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2022] [Revised: 10/22/2022] [Accepted: 11/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The use of slow release fertilizers (SRFs) is an effective approach for reducing agriculture cost, environmental and ecological issues simultaneously. The present study provides a series of poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA)/sodium alginate (SA) polymer membranes as eco-friendly and biodegradable coatings for SRFs. Moreover, polymer-coated urea (PCU) granules were fabricated through coating the urea granules with the resulting membranes. Our first interest was to fabricate three membranes (PS1, PS2, PS3) of different PVA/SA weight ratios (9:1, 8:2, 7:3) using glutaraldehyde as a crosslinking agent, and crosslink the PS3 membrane with a CaCl2 solution further to obtain the PC3 membrane. The chemical properties and morphologies of the membranes were characterized. Second, the nitrogen release behavior of the PCU granules was measured and calculated, respectively. RESULTS Crosslinking with glutaraldehyde made the PS1, PS2, PS3 membranes uniform and compact, whereas crosslinking with a CaCl2 solution formed an 'egg box' structure inside the PC3 membrane. PS3 membrane with the minimum PVA/SA weight ratio had the highest hydrophily (water uptake: 106.25%, water contact angle: 55.1o ), whereas PC3 membrane had the lowest hydrophily (water uptake: 21.57%, water contact angle: 67.3o ). The biodegradation ratios of the membranes were in the range 44-60% in 90 days, indicating that they had excellent biodegradability. The measured fractional release on the day 30 of the PCU granules ranged from 89.33% to 97.07%. The calculated nitrogen release behavior agreed well with the measured values. CONCLUSION The resulting eco-friendly and biodegradable PVA/SA membranes are alternative coatings for SRFs. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Meng
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials and Reaction Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, China
| | - Xu Zhang
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials and Reaction Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, China
| | - Yang Zhang
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials and Reaction Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, China
| | - Xianglu Zhang
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials and Reaction Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, China
| | - Wending Zhu
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials and Reaction Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, China
| | - Handa Huang
- Hefei Lvnong Fertilizer Co., Ltd, Hefei, China
| | - Xiaozhao Han
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials and Reaction Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, China
| | - Yahua Liu
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials and Reaction Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, China
| | - Chao Xu
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials and Reaction Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, China
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Dehghan A, Rounagh-Ardakani H, Mohammadzadeh A, Mohammadzadeh M, Mohammadzadeh M, Borzoui E. Induction of resistance, enzyme activity, and phytochemicals in canola plants treated with abscisic acid elevated based on nutrient availability: a case study on Brevicoryne brassicae L. (Hemiptera: Aphididae). J Insect Sci 2023; 23:17. [PMID: 37339102 DOI: 10.1093/jisesa/iead037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Revised: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 05/27/2023] [Indexed: 06/22/2023]
Abstract
The cabbage aphid, Brevicoryne brassicae L. (Hemiptera: Aphididae), is one of the important pests of cruciferous plants throughout the world including Iran. In the present study, we grew cultivated canola plants under different fertilizers or distilled water and sprayed them with 100 µM abscisic acid (ABA) or a control solution (NaOH dissolved in water) to study (i) the antibiosis parameters of B. brassicae on these plants; (ii) the antixenosis of B. brassicae adults on these plants; (iii) the plant's peroxidase (POD), polyphenol oxidase (PPO), and phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL) activity; and (iv) the plant's total phenolic and glucosinolate content. The results of antibiosis experiments showed that ABA and fertilizers have a profound and negative effect on the performance of B. brassicae. In the antixenosis experiment, control plants attracted a significantly higher number of adult females in comparison to treated plants. Also, B. brassicae had lower performance and preference when they were reared on the ABA-treated fertilized plants with higher levels of phenolic and glucosinolate content. These results prompted us to hypothesize that fertilizers enable canola plants to trigger a higher level of secondary metabolites. Our findings reveal that the type and level of nutrient availability may have different impacts on how the plant regulates its defense mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azita Dehghan
- Department of Agriculture, Bam Branch, Islamic Azad University, Bam, Iran
| | | | - Ali Mohammadzadeh
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Kerman Branch, Islamic Azad University, Kerman, Iran
| | - Mohammad Mohammadzadeh
- Physiology and Pharmacology Research Center, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran
| | | | - Ehsan Borzoui
- Department of Plant Protection, University College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
- AriaShimi Co, Tehran, Iran
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Su H, Zhang Y, Liu Y, Lu R, Gao A, Han Q, Wen B, Hu B, Yang P. Enhancing Bioavailability of Fertilizer through Amyloid-Like Protein Coating. Adv Mater 2023:e2300829. [PMID: 37074223 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202300829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2023] [Revised: 03/31/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Foliar fertilization acts as a ubiquitous component of conventional crop production because the nutrients can be absorbed more quickly than soil fertilizers, which brings considerable economic and ecological costs. Due to droplets rebounding and splashing during spraying and rain erosion, low bioavailability of fertilizer results in soil salinity, heavy metal accumulation, water eutrophication and the greenhouse effect. Contrary to conventional fertilizer formulations with polymers, surfactants, and organic reagents, we herein present a method of improving fertilizer bioavailability based on a biocompatible protein coating. In this system, whey protein concentrate (WPC) can undergo amyloid-like aggregation after the reduction of its disulfide bond by the reducing agent tris(2-carboxyethyl) phosphine (TCEP). Such aggregation affords a fast formation of the optically transparent and colorless phase-transitioned WPC (PTW) coating at solid/water interface, with robust interfacial adhesion stability. Upon packaging with fertilizers through electrostatic and hydrogen bonding interactions, such reliable interfacial adhesion thereby facilitates the effective deposition of fertilizers on superhydrophobic and hydrophobic leaf surfaces, with excellent adhesion stability under sufficient exposure to simulated weather conditions. In this regard, the PTW coating shows the highest fertilizer retention capability in all known outcome, even under rainfall conditions that are 100 times more intense than those described in literature. High optical transmittance of the PTW also does not affect normal photosynthetic capacity of plant. Based on further practical farmland test, this work experimentally demonstrates that the application of an amyloid-like protein aggregation could significantly boost the bioavailability of fertilizers and decrease at least 30% fertilizer use in large-scale crop planting. This innovative strategy has the great potential to offer a transformative step forward in managing fertilizer contamination and overuse in future agriculture. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Su
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, China
| | - Yujia Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, China
| | - Yongchun Liu
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, China
| | - Runqiu Lu
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, China
| | - Aiting Gao
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, China
| | - Qian Han
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, China
| | - Bin Wen
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, China
| | - Bowen Hu
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, China
| | - Peng Yang
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, China
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35
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Callaghan C, Califano D, Feresin Gomes MH, Pereira de Carvalho HW, Edler KJ, Mattia D. Cellulose Acetate Microbeads for Controlled Delivery of Essential Micronutrients. ACS Sustain Chem Eng 2023; 11:4749-4758. [PMID: 37008180 PMCID: PMC10052346 DOI: 10.1021/acssuschemeng.2c07269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Revised: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
The controlled delivery of micronutrients to soil and plants is essential to increase agricultural yields. However, this is today achieved using fossil fuel-derived plastic carriers, posing environmental risks and contributing to global carbon emissions. In this work, a novel and efficient way to prepare biodegradable zinc-impregnated cellulose acetate beads for use as controlled release fertilizers is presented. Cellulose acetate solutions in DMSO were dropped into aqueous antisolvent solutions of different zinc salts. The droplets underwent phase inversion, forming solid cellulose acetate beads containing zinc, as a function of zinc salt type and concentration. Even higher values of zinc uptake (up to 15.5%) were obtained when zinc acetate was added to the cellulose acetate-DMSO solution, prior to dropping in aqueous zinc salt antisolvent solutions. The release profile in water of the beads prepared using the different solvents was linked to the properties of the counter-ions via the Hofmeister series. Studies in soil showed the potential for longer release times, up to 130 days for zinc sulfate beads. These results, together with the efficient bead production method, demonstrate the potential of zinc-impregnated cellulose acetate beads to replace the plastic-based controlled delivery products used today, contributing to the reduction of carbon emissions and potential environmental impacts due to the uptake of plastic in plants and animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ciarán Callaghan
- Centre
for Sustainable & Circular Technologies, University of Bath, Bath BA27AY, U.K.
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, University of Bath, Bath BA27AY, U.K.
| | - Davide Califano
- Centre
for Sustainable & Circular Technologies, University of Bath, Bath BA27AY, U.K.
| | | | | | - Karen J. Edler
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, University of Bath, Bath BA27AY, U.K.
- Centre
for Analysis and Synthesis, Department of Chemistry, Lund University, Lund 221 00, Sweden
| | - Davide Mattia
- Centre
for Sustainable & Circular Technologies, University of Bath, Bath BA27AY, U.K.
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, University of Bath, Bath BA27AY, U.K.
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36
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Ureña-Amate MD, Socias-Viciana MDM, Urbano-Juan MDM, García-Alcaraz MDC. Effects of pH and Crosslinking Agent in the Evaluation of Hydrogels as Potential Nitrate-Controlled Release Systems. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15. [PMID: 36904488 DOI: 10.3390/polym15051246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Revised: 02/18/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Water scarcity and the loss of fertilizer from agricultural soils through runoff, which also leads to contamination of other areas, are increasingly common problems in agriculture. To mitigate nitrate water pollution, the technology of controlled release formulations (CRFs) provides a promising alternative for improving the management of nutrient supply and decreasing environmental pollution while maintaining good quality and high crop yields. This study describes the influence of pH and crosslinking agent, ethylene glycol dimethacrylate (EGDMA) or N,N'-methylenebis (acrylamide) (NMBA), on the behavior of polymeric materials in swelling and nitrate release kinetics. The characterization of hydrogels and CRFs was performed by FTIR, SEM, and swelling properties. Kinetic results were adjusted to Fick, Schott, and a novel equation proposed by the authors. Fixed-bed experiments were carried out by using the NMBA systems, coconut fiber, and commercial KNO3. Results showed that on the one hand, no significant differences were observed in nitrate release kinetics for any system in the selected pH range, this fact allowing to apply these hydrogels to any type of soil. On the other hand, nitrate release from SLC-NMBA was found to be a slower and longer process versus commercial potassium nitrate. These features indicate that the NMBA polymeric system could potentially be applied as a controlled release fertilizer suitable for a wide variety of soil typologies.
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Wang M, Xu Y, Ni H, Ren S, Li N, Wu Y, Yang Y, Liu Y, Liu Z, Liu Y, Shi J, Zhang Y, Jiang L, Tu Q. Effect of fertilization combination on cucumber quality and soil microbial community. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1122278. [PMID: 36910239 PMCID: PMC9996052 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1122278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Accepted: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Due to the lack of scientific guidance on the usage of fertilizer, the overuse of chemical and organic fertilizer is commonly witnessed all over the world, which causes soil degradation and leads to environmental pollution. The effect of fertilizer strategies on soil properties, cucumber nutrients, and microbial community was investigated in this study with the aim to explore an optimized and enhanced fertilizer strategy. There were five fertilizer strategies conducted including CK (no fertilizer), M (cow dung manure only), NPK (chemical fertilizer only), NPKM (chemical fertilizer combined with manure), and DNPKM (30%-reducing chemical fertilizer combined with manure). It was found that different fertilizer strategies significantly affected the soil organic matter and nutrient levels and cucumber production and nutrient contents of the experimental field. Different fertilizer strategies showed dramatic effects on the alpha- and beta-diversity of soil microbial communities. Moreover, NPKM and DNPKM groups could significantly improve the bacterial abundance and fungal diversity. In addition, the structure of microbial communities was significantly changed in the presence of manure, chemical fertilizer, and their combination. Optimized combination of NPK with M improved the abundance of aerobic, biofilm formation-related, and Gram-negative bacteria and suppressed the anaerobic and Gram-positive bacteria. The presence of saprotrophs fungi was enhanced by all fertilizer strategies, especially the plethora of Gymnoascus. The combination of manure with chemical fertilizer could improve the availability of nutrients, and therefore reduce the adverse effects and potential risks induced by excessive fertilizer application. In conclusion, the new fertilization approach can not only meet the growth requirements of cucumber after reduced fertilization, but also protect soil health, which provides a new candidate for the eco-friendly technology to satisfy the topic of carbon neutrality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei Wang
- Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Yu Xu
- Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Haiping Ni
- Helmholtz International Lab for Anti-Infectives, State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University–Helmholtz Institute of Biotechnology, Shandong University, Qingdao, China
| | - Shiai Ren
- Helmholtz International Lab for Anti-Infectives, State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University–Helmholtz Institute of Biotechnology, Shandong University, Qingdao, China
| | - Ni Li
- Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Yuxia Wu
- Helmholtz International Lab for Anti-Infectives, State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University–Helmholtz Institute of Biotechnology, Shandong University, Qingdao, China
- CAS Key Laboratory of Quantitative Engineering Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yan Yang
- Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Yumin Liu
- Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Zongzheng Liu
- Qingdao Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Qingdao, China
| | - Yingchun Liu
- Qingdao Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Qingdao, China
| | - Jing Shi
- Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Youming Zhang
- Helmholtz International Lab for Anti-Infectives, State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University–Helmholtz Institute of Biotechnology, Shandong University, Qingdao, China
- CAS Key Laboratory of Quantitative Engineering Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Lihua Jiang
- Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, China
- College of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Shandong University of Agricultural Engineering, Jinan, China
| | - Qiang Tu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Quantitative Engineering Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
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Lihong S, Haiming T, Li W, Geng S, Kaikai C, Mei S, Weiyan L, Yong G. Effects of long-term fertilizer practices on rhizosphere soil nitrogen mineralization in the double-cropping rice field. J Basic Microbiol 2023. [PMID: 36782076 DOI: 10.1002/jobm.202200655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Revised: 12/22/2022] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2023]
Abstract
Nitrogen (N) was an important indictor in change of soil fertility, which was closely related with N mineralization process. However, there is still need to further study on how rhizosphere soil N mineralization in paddy field response to different fertilizer management. Therefore, the influence of long-term (37-years) fertilizer regime on rhizosphere soil N mineralization, ammonification and nitrification rates, and its relationship under the double-cropping paddy field in southern of China were investigated in this study. The field experiment included following fertilizer regimes: inorganic fertilizer alone (MF), rice straw and inorganic fertilizer (RF), 30% organic manure and 70% inorganic fertilizer (OM), and no application of any fertilizer as a control (CK). The result indicated that rhizosphere soil organic carbon (SOC), total N, NO3 -N, and NH4 -N contents in paddy field with OM and RF treatments were increased. The result showed that rhizosphere soil NO2 - -N and mineral N contents with OM and RF treatments were increased, and the order of soil NO2 - -N and mineral N contents with all fertilizer treatments was showed as OM > RF > MF > CK. This result proved that soil aerobic and anaerobic N mineralization rates in paddy field with OM and RF treatments were higher than that of CK and MF treatments. Compared with MF treatment, soil ammonification rate with RF and OM treatments increased by 45.16% and 67.74%, soil nitrification rate with RF and OM treatments increased by 45.71% and 77.14%, respectively. There had significantly positively correlation between soil net mineralization, nitrification rate and SOC, total N contents. As a result, applied with rice straw and organic manure was a good measure to improve soil N mineralization in the double-cropping rice field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shi Lihong
- Hunan Soil and Fertilizer Institute, Changsha, China
| | - Tang Haiming
- Hunan Soil and Fertilizer Institute, Changsha, China
| | - Wen Li
- Hunan Soil and Fertilizer Institute, Changsha, China
| | - Sun Geng
- Hunan Soil and Fertilizer Institute, Changsha, China
| | - Cheng Kaikai
- Hunan Soil and Fertilizer Institute, Changsha, China
| | - Sun Mei
- Hunan Soil and Fertilizer Institute, Changsha, China
| | - Li Weiyan
- Hunan Soil and Fertilizer Institute, Changsha, China
| | - Guo Yong
- Hunan Soil and Fertilizer Institute, Changsha, China
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Ding C, Long X, Zeng G, Ouyang Y, Lei B, Zeng R, Wang J, Zhou Z. Efficiency Recycling and Utilization of Phosphate from Wastewater Using LDHs-Modified Biochar. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2023; 20:3051. [PMID: 36833743 PMCID: PMC9965299 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20043051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2023] [Revised: 02/03/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The excessive application of phosphate fertilizers easily causes water eutrophication. Phosphorus recovery by adsorption is regarded as an effective and simple intervention to control water bodies' eutrophication. In this work, a series of new adsorbents, layered double hydroxides (LDHs)-modified biochar (BC) with different molar ratios of Mg2+ and Fe3+, were synthesized based on waste jute stalk and used for recycling phosphate from wastewater. The prepared LDHs-BC4 (the molar ratio of Mg/Fe is 4:1) has significantly high adsorption performance, and the recovery rate of phosphate is about 10 times higher than that of the pristine jute stalk BC. The maximum adsorption capacity of LDHs-BC4 for phosphate was 10.64 mg-P/g. The main mechanism of phosphate adsorption mainly includes electrostatic attraction, ion exchange, ligand exchange, and intragranular diffusion. Moreover, the phosphate-adsorbed LDHs-BC4 could promote mung bean growth, which indicated the recovery phosphate from wastewater could be used as a fertilizer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunxia Ding
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Xiuyu Long
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Guangyong Zeng
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Yu Ouyang
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Bowen Lei
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Rongying Zeng
- College of Chemistry and Material Science, Hengyang Normal University, Hengyang 421001, China
| | - Jing Wang
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Zhi Zhou
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
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Ebrahimi P, Nicoletto C, Sambo P, Tinello F, Mihaylova D, Lante A. Impact of Agronomic Treatments on the Enzymatic Browning of Eggplants ( Solanum melongena L.). Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12020410. [PMID: 36829969 PMCID: PMC9952564 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12020410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2023] [Revised: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Enzymatic browning could negatively affect the sensory and nutritional properties of eggplants post-harvest. Polyphenols, polyphenol oxidase (PPO), and reactive oxygen species (ROS) are three material conditions involved in enzymatic browning. This paper seeks to evaluate the effect of fertilization techniques and grafting on the activity of PPO and colorimetric parameters in cultivated eggplants. Fertilization alone significantly increased the PPO activity in all eggplant fleshes (p ≤ 0.05), whereas the grafting technique combined with fertilization decreased the PPO activity in most of the samples significantly (p ≤ 0.05). Moreover, there was a significant positive correlation between the PPO activity and the a* values of the eggplants. The a* values in grafted eggplants were significantly different from each other (p ≤ 0.05), showing that grafting the fertilized eggplants could be effective in controlling the enzymatic browning. The eggplant slices exposed to air for 60 min at room temperature showed a significant increase (p ≤ 0.05) in PPO activity, browning index (BI), total color difference (ΔE), and a*, b*, and c* values. Thus, it is necessary to minimize the exposure time of the slices to air at room temperature, even if combining fertilization techniques with grafting could delay the enzymatic browning in fresh-cut eggplants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peyman Ebrahimi
- Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural Resources, Animals, and Environment—DAFNAE, Agripolis, University of Padova, 35020 Legnaro, Italy
| | - Carlo Nicoletto
- Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural Resources, Animals, and Environment—DAFNAE, Agripolis, University of Padova, 35020 Legnaro, Italy
| | - Paolo Sambo
- Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural Resources, Animals, and Environment—DAFNAE, Agripolis, University of Padova, 35020 Legnaro, Italy
| | - Federica Tinello
- Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural Resources, Animals, and Environment—DAFNAE, Agripolis, University of Padova, 35020 Legnaro, Italy
| | - Dasha Mihaylova
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Food Technologies, 26 Maritza Blvd., 4002 Plovdiv, Bulgaria
| | - Anna Lante
- Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural Resources, Animals, and Environment—DAFNAE, Agripolis, University of Padova, 35020 Legnaro, Italy
- Correspondence:
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Balçık Tamer Y. A New Design of Poly(N-Isopropylacrylamide) Hydrogels Using Biodegradable Poly(Beta-Aminoester) Crosslinkers as Fertilizer Reservoirs for Agricultural Applications. Gels 2023; 9. [PMID: 36826297 DOI: 10.3390/gels9020127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2023] [Revised: 01/25/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (P(NIPAAm)) hydrogels were prepared by free-radical polymerization with biodegradable poly (β-amino ester) (PBAE) crosslinkers at 1 wt% and 3 wt% ratio, and compared with conventional N,N'-methylene bisacrylamide (MBA)-crosslinked hydrogel. The influence of the type, molecular weight, and diacrylate/amine ratio of the crosslinker on the crosslink density, compressive strength, and swelling and biodegradation behavior of the hydrogels was investigated. The hydrogels synthesized with lower molecular weight PBAE crosslinkers showed higher crosslinking degrees and compressive strength and lower swelling ratios. To reveal the controlled release behavior of the fertilizer, KNO3 was used as the model, and its loading and release behavior from these hydrogels was also examined. The N/T5/1 sample with 1.5/1.0 diacrylate/amine molar ratio and 1 wt% PBAE ratio demonstrated the most controlled release of KNO3 with 66.9% after 18 days in soil. In addition, the hydrogel with the porosity of 71.65% and crosslinking degree of 2.85 × 10-5 mol cm-3 showed a swelling ratio of 69.44 g/g, biodegradation rate of 23.9%, and compressive strength of 1.074 MPa. Thus, it can be concluded that the new designed biodegradable P(NIPAAm) hydrogels can be promising materials as nitrate fertilizer reservoirs and also for controlled fertilizer release in soil media for agricultural applications.
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Teng Z, Chen Y, Meng S, Duan M, Zhang J, Ye N. Environmental Stimuli: A Major Challenge during Grain Filling in Cereals. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24. [PMID: 36768575 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24032255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Revised: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Light, temperature, water, and fertilizer are arguably the most important environmental factors regulating crop growth and productivity. Environmental stimuli, including low light, extreme temperatures, and water stresses caused by climate change, affect crop growth and production and pose a growing threat to sustainable agriculture. Furthermore, soil salinity is another major environmental constraint affecting crop growth and threatening global food security. The grain filling stage is the final stage of growth and is also the most important stage in cereals, directly determining the grain weight and final yield. However, the grain filling process is extremely vulnerable to different environmental stimuli, especially for inferior spikelets. Given the importance of grain filling in cereals and the deterioration of environmental problems, understanding environmental stimuli and their effects on grain filling constitutes a major focus of crop research. In recent years, significant advances made in this field have led to a good description of the intricate mechanisms by which different environmental stimuli regulate grain filling, as well as approaches to adapt cereals to changing climate conditions and to give them better grain filling. In this review, the current environmental stimuli, their dose-response effect on grain filling, and the physiological and molecular mechanisms involved are discussed. Furthermore, what we can do to help cereal crops adapt to environmental stimuli is elaborated. Overall, we call for future research to delve deeper into the gene function-related research and the commercialization of gene-edited crops. Meanwhile, smart agriculture is the development trend of the future agriculture under environmental stimuli.
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Constantinescu-Aruxandei D, Oancea F. Closing the Nutrient Loop-The New Approaches to Recovering Biomass Minerals during the Biorefinery Processes. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2023; 20:2096. [PMID: 36767462 PMCID: PMC9915181 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20032096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Revised: 01/10/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The recovery of plant mineral nutrients from the bio-based value chains is essential for a sustainable, circular bioeconomy, wherein resources are (re)used sustainably. The widest used approach is to recover plant nutrients on the last stage of biomass utilization processes-e.g., from ash, wastewater, or anaerobic digestate. The best approach is to recover mineral nutrients from the initial stages of biomass biorefinery, especially during biomass pre-treatments. Our paper aims to evaluate the nutrient recovery solutions from a trans-sectorial perspective, including biomass processing and the agricultural use of recovered nutrients. Several solutions integrated with the biomass pre-treatment stage, such as leaching/bioleaching, recovery from pre-treatment neoteric solvents, ionic liquids (ILs), and deep eutectic solvents (DESs) or integrated with hydrothermal treatments are discussed. Reducing mineral contents on silicon, phosphorus, and nitrogen biomass before the core biorefinery processes improves processability and yield and reduces corrosion and fouling effects. The recovered minerals are used as bio-based fertilizers or as silica-based plant biostimulants, with economic and environmental benefits.
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Llewellyn D, Golem S, Jones AMP, Zheng Y. Foliar Symptomology, Nutrient Content, Yield, and Secondary Metabolite Variability of Cannabis Grown Hydroponically with Different Single-Element Nutrient Deficiencies. Plants (Basel) 2023; 12:422. [PMID: 36771506 PMCID: PMC9920212 DOI: 10.3390/plants12030422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 01/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
In controlled environment production systems, Cannabis sativa (hereafter cannabis) is a commodity with high nutrient demands due to prolific growth under optimized environmental conditions. Since nutrient deficiencies can reduce yield and quality, cultivators need tools to rapidly detect and evaluate deficiency symptoms so corrective actions can be taken quickly to minimize losses. We grew cannabis plants in solution culture with different individual nutrient elements withheld from the solutions to identify deficiency symptoms. Control plants received a complete nutrient recipe, whereas the following single elements were withheld from the respective nutrient deficiency treatments: N, P, K, Ca, Mg, S, Fe, and Mn. The nutrient treatments began when the photoperiod was switched to a 12/12 h (light/dark), and plants were grown to commercial maturity. Plants were monitored daily, and the development of visual deficiency symptoms were recorded. Photographs of each plant were taken weekly. Upon the onset of visual deficiency symptoms, both upper- and lower-canopy foliage were analyzed for nutrient element concentrations. At harvest, plants were evaluated for biomass partitioning, and the cannabinoid composition of inflorescence tissues. This manuscript describes the onset and progression of nutrient deficiency symptoms (with pictures), relates symptomology to foliar nutrient analyses, and contextualizes the relationships between nutrient deficiencies and cannabis growth, yield, and quality. Aboveground vegetative fresh weights were reduced by 73% in the -N treatment and 59% in the -P treatment, compared with the control. All deficiency treatments except for -Fe and -Mn had floral yields reduced by between 33% to 72%, compared with the control. Overall, deficiencies of individual nutrients can substantially reduce vegetative growth and inflorescence yield, although only minor effects were observed in secondary metabolite composition. The onset of individual deficiency symptoms did not always correspond with elemental analysis of foliar tissues. Cultivators should take an integrated approach in diagnosing nutrient deficiencies and take timely corrective actions to optimize productivity and minimize losses to yield and quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Llewellyn
- School of Environmental Science, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada
| | - Scott Golem
- HEXO Corp., 120 Chem. de la Rive, Gatineau, QC J8M 1V2, Canada
| | - A. Maxwell P. Jones
- Department of Plant Agriculture, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada
| | - Youbin Zheng
- School of Environmental Science, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada
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Wei L, Ding Y, Chen J, Yang L, Wei J, Shi Y, Ma Z, Wang Z, Chen W, Zhao X. Quantitative analysis of fertilizer using laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy combined with random forest algorithm. Front Chem 2023; 11:1123003. [PMID: 36711235 PMCID: PMC9880321 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2023.1123003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Accepted: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Chemical fertilizers are important for effectively improving soil fertility, promoting crop growth, and increasing grain yield. Therefore, methods that can quickly and accurately measure the amount of fertilizer in the soil should be developed. In this study, 20 groups of soil samples were analyzed using laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy, and partial least squares (PLS) and random forest (RF) models were established. The prediction performances of the models for the chemical fertilizer content and pH were analyzed as well. The experimental results showed that the R 2 and root mean square error (RMSE) of the chemical fertilizer content in the soil obtained using the full-spectrum PLS model were .7852 and 2.2700 respectively. The predicted R 2 for soil pH was .7290, and RMSE was .2364. At the same time, the full-spectrum RF model showed R 2 of .9471 (an increase of 21%) and RMSE of .3021 (a decrease of 87%) for fertilizer content. R 2 for the soil pH under the RF model was .9517 (an increase of 31%), whereas RMSE was .0298 (a decrease of 87%). Therefore, the RF model showed better prediction performance than the PLS model. The results of this study show that the combination of laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy with RF algorithm is a feasible method for rapid determination of soil fertilizer content.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lai Wei
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Big Data Analysis Technology, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing, China,Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center on Atmospheric Environment and Equipment Technology, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing, China,School of Automation, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing, China
| | - Yu Ding
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Big Data Analysis Technology, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing, China,Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center on Atmospheric Environment and Equipment Technology, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing, China,School of Automation, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing, China,*Correspondence: Yu Ding,
| | - Jing Chen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Big Data Analysis Technology, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing, China,Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center on Atmospheric Environment and Equipment Technology, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing, China,School of Automation, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing, China
| | - Linyu Yang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Big Data Analysis Technology, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing, China,Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center on Atmospheric Environment and Equipment Technology, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing, China,School of Automation, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing, China
| | - Jinyu Wei
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Big Data Analysis Technology, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing, China,Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center on Atmospheric Environment and Equipment Technology, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing, China,School of Automation, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing, China
| | - Yinan Shi
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Big Data Analysis Technology, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing, China,Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center on Atmospheric Environment and Equipment Technology, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing, China,School of Automation, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing, China
| | - Zigao Ma
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Big Data Analysis Technology, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing, China,Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center on Atmospheric Environment and Equipment Technology, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing, China,School of Automation, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhiying Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Big Data Analysis Technology, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing, China,Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center on Atmospheric Environment and Equipment Technology, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing, China,School of Automation, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing, China
| | - Wenjie Chen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Big Data Analysis Technology, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing, China,Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center on Atmospheric Environment and Equipment Technology, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing, China,School of Automation, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing, China
| | - Xingqiang Zhao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Big Data Analysis Technology, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing, China,Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center on Atmospheric Environment and Equipment Technology, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing, China,School of Automation, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing, China
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Kramski DJ, Nowinski D, Kowalczuk K, Kruszyński P, Radzimska J, Greb-Markiewicz B. Beauveria bassiana Water Extracts' Effect on the Growth of Wheat. Plants (Basel) 2023; 12:326. [PMID: 36679039 PMCID: PMC9863656 DOI: 10.3390/plants12020326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2022] [Revised: 12/29/2022] [Accepted: 01/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
For a long time, entomopathogenic fungi were considered alternative biological control factors. Recently, these organisms were shown to fulfill additional roles supporting plants' development, improving their resistance to disease and survival under stress conditions. Considering the documented interactions of B. bassiana with a wide range of plants, we aimed to evaluate the impact of aqueous extracts of the fungus on the growth of an agriculturally significant plant-wheat. The usage of fungal extracts instead of fungi could be beneficial especially in unfavorable, environmentally speaking, regions. Selected dilutions of the crude extract obtained under different pH and temperature conditions were used to establish the optimal method of extraction. Plant growth parameters such as length, total fresh weight, and chlorophyll composition were evaluated. Additionally, the antibacterial activity of extracts was tested to exclude negative impacts on the beneficial soil microorganisms. The best results were obtained after applying extracts prepared at 25 °C and used at 10% concentration. Enhancement of the tested wheat's growth seems to be related to the composition of the extracts, which we documented as a rich source of macro- and microelements. Our preliminary results are the first confirming the potential of fungal water extracts as factors promoting plant growth. Further detailed investigation needs to be carried out to confirm the effects in real environment conditions. Additionally, the consistency of the plant growth stimulation across different entomopathogenic fungi and agriculturally used plant species should be tested.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dawid J. Kramski
- Department of Advanced Material Technology, Faculty of Chemistry, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, Wybrzeze Wyspianskiego 27, 50-370 Wroclaw, Poland
- Department of Analytical Chemistry and Chemical Metallurgy, Faculty of Chemistry, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, Wybrzeze Wyspianskiego 27, 50-370 Wroclaw, Poland
- Students Science Association Bio-Top, Faculty of Chemistry, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, Wybrzeze Wyspianskiego 27, 50-370 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Daria Nowinski
- Students Science Association Bio-Top, Faculty of Chemistry, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, Wybrzeze Wyspianskiego 27, 50-370 Wroclaw, Poland
- Department of Organic and Organic and Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, Wybrzeze Wyspianskiego 27, 50-370 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Kaja Kowalczuk
- Students Science Association Bio-Top, Faculty of Chemistry, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, Wybrzeze Wyspianskiego 27, 50-370 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Piotr Kruszyński
- Students Science Association Bio-Top, Faculty of Chemistry, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, Wybrzeze Wyspianskiego 27, 50-370 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Jagoda Radzimska
- Students Science Association Bio-Top, Faculty of Chemistry, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, Wybrzeze Wyspianskiego 27, 50-370 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Beata Greb-Markiewicz
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Chemistry, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, Wybrzeze Wyspianskiego 27, 50-370 Wroclaw, Poland
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Liang S, Wang L, Wu X, Hu X, Wang T, Jin F. The different trends in the burden of neurological and mental disorders following dietary transition in China, the USA, and the world: An extension analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019. Front Nutr 2023; 9:957688. [PMID: 36698474 PMCID: PMC9869872 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.957688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction The highly processed western diet is substituting the low-processed traditional diet in the last decades globally. Increasing research found that a diet with poor quality such as western diet disrupts gut microbiota and increases the susceptibility to various neurological and mental disorders, while a balanced diet regulates gut microbiota and prevents and alleviates the neurological and mental disorders. Yet, there is limited research on the association between the disease burden expanding of neurological and mental disorders with a dietary transition. Methods We compared the disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) trend by age for neurological and mental disorders in China, in the United States of America (USA), and across the world from 1990 to 2019, evaluated the dietary transition in the past 60 years, and analyzed the association between the burden trend of the two disorders with the changes in diet composition and food production. Results We identified an age-related upward pattern in disease burden in China. Compared with the USA and the world, the Chinese neurological and mental disorders DALY percent was least in the generation over 75 but rapidly increased in younger generations and surpassed the USA and/or the world in the last decades. The age-related upward pattern in Chinese disease burdens had not only shown in the presence of cardiovascular diseases, neoplasms, and diabetes mellitus but also appeared in the presence of depressive disorders, Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease and other dementias, schizophrenia, headache disorders, anxiety disorders, conduct disorders, autism spectrum disorders, and eating disorders, successively. Additionally, the upward trend was associated with the dramatic dietary transition including a reduction in dietary quality and food production sustainability, during which the younger generation is more affected than the older. Following the increase in total calorie intake, alcohol intake, ratios of animal to vegetal foods, and poultry meat to pulses, the burdens of the above diseases continuously rose. Then, following the rise of the ratios of meat to pulses, eggs to pulses, and pork to pulses, the usage of fertilizers, the farming density of pigs, and the burdens of the above disease except diabetes mellitus were also ever-increasing. Even the usage of pesticides was positively correlated with the burdens of Parkinson's disease, schizophrenia, cardiovascular diseases, and neoplasms. Contrary to China, the corresponding burdens of the USA trended to reduce with the improvements in diet quality and food production sustainability. Discussion Our results suggest that improving diet quality and food production sustainability might be a promising way to stop the expanding burdens of neurological and mental disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shan Liang
- Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China,Key Laboratory of Microbial Physiological and Metabolic Engineering, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China,Gut-brain Psychology Laboratory, Beijing, China,*Correspondence: Shan Liang,
| | - Li Wang
- Department for the History of Science and Scientific Archaeology, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Xiaoli Wu
- Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China,Gut-brain Psychology Laboratory, Beijing, China
| | - Xu Hu
- Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China,Gut-brain Psychology Laboratory, Beijing, China
| | - Tao Wang
- Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China,Gut-brain Psychology Laboratory, Beijing, China
| | - Feng Jin
- Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China,Gut-brain Psychology Laboratory, Beijing, China,Feng Jin,
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Govers LP, Devuyst O. Urine: from waste to fertilizer. Kidney Int 2022; 102:1206-1208. [PMID: 36411013 DOI: 10.1016/j.kint.2022.08.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Larissa P Govers
- Institute of Physiology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Olivier Devuyst
- Institute of Physiology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
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Zhang G, Xu Y, Zhang S, Xu A, Meng Z, Ge H, Li J, Liu Y, Ma D. Transformation Capability Optimization and Product Application Potential of Proteatia brevitarsis (Coleoptera: Cetoniidae) Larvae on Cotton Stalks. Insects 2022; 13:1083. [PMID: 36554993 PMCID: PMC9781705 DOI: 10.3390/insects13121083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Revised: 11/20/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Cotton stalks (CS) are a potential agricultural biomass resource. We investigated the use of CS as a feed for Proteatia brevitarsis Lewis larvae and the resulting frass (larvae dung-sand) as a fertilizer. Based on a three-factor experiment (decomposition inoculant, fermentation duration, and cattle manure ratio), the optimal parameters for the transformation of CS using P. brevitarsis larvae were determined as 40-50% of cattle manure, the use of VT inoculant and a fermentation duration of 25-30 days. Regarding the products of the transformation, the protein content of the larval body was as high as 52.49%, and the fat content was 11.7%, which is a suitable-quality insect protein source. The organic matter content of larvae dung-sand was 54.8%, and the content of total nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium (TNPK) was 9.04%, which is twice more than that of the organic fertilizer standard (NY525-2021, Beijing, China, TNPK ≥ 4.0%), and larvae dung-sand has the potential of fertilizer application. Therefore, CS as a feed and fertilizer based on the transformation of P. brevitarsis larvae is feasible, and it is a highly efficient way to promote the utilization of both CS and cattle manure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangjie Zhang
- Engineering Research Centre of Cotton, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of the Pest Monitoring and Safety Control on Crop and Forest, College of Agronomy, Xinjiang Agricultural University, 311 Nongda East Road, Urumqi 830052, China
| | - Yeshan Xu
- Engineering Research Centre of Cotton, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of the Pest Monitoring and Safety Control on Crop and Forest, College of Agronomy, Xinjiang Agricultural University, 311 Nongda East Road, Urumqi 830052, China
| | - Shuai Zhang
- Engineering Research Centre of Cotton, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of the Pest Monitoring and Safety Control on Crop and Forest, College of Agronomy, Xinjiang Agricultural University, 311 Nongda East Road, Urumqi 830052, China
| | - Andong Xu
- Engineering Research Centre of Cotton, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of the Pest Monitoring and Safety Control on Crop and Forest, College of Agronomy, Xinjiang Agricultural University, 311 Nongda East Road, Urumqi 830052, China
| | - Zhuo Meng
- Engineering Research Centre of Cotton, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of the Pest Monitoring and Safety Control on Crop and Forest, College of Agronomy, Xinjiang Agricultural University, 311 Nongda East Road, Urumqi 830052, China
| | - Hao Ge
- Engineering Research Centre of Cotton, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of the Pest Monitoring and Safety Control on Crop and Forest, College of Agronomy, Xinjiang Agricultural University, 311 Nongda East Road, Urumqi 830052, China
| | - Jing Li
- Engineering Research Centre of Cotton, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of the Pest Monitoring and Safety Control on Crop and Forest, College of Agronomy, Xinjiang Agricultural University, 311 Nongda East Road, Urumqi 830052, China
| | - Yusheng Liu
- College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an 271018, China
| | - Deying Ma
- Engineering Research Centre of Cotton, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of the Pest Monitoring and Safety Control on Crop and Forest, College of Agronomy, Xinjiang Agricultural University, 311 Nongda East Road, Urumqi 830052, China
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50
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Piao L, Zhang S, Yan J, Xiang T, Chen Y, Li M, Gu W. Contribution of Fertilizer, Density and Row Spacing Practices for Maize Yield and Efficiency Enhancement in Northeast China. Plants (Basel) 2022; 11:2985. [PMID: 36365438 PMCID: PMC9659307 DOI: 10.3390/plants11212985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2022] [Revised: 10/25/2022] [Accepted: 11/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The research aimed to assess the contribution of fertilizer, density, and row spacing in integrated cultivation measures and identify their regulation mechanism on canopy architecture and factors in biomass accumulation in spring maize. Zhengdan 958 was used as the experimental material, and the optimum mode (OM) was identified based on a preliminary experiment, including the optimal fertilizer management, suitable plant density and wide-narrow row spacing, and dramatic yield performance (11,445.16 kg ha-1 in 2017). Then, the effects of these practices on maize canopy structure performance were analyzed using the omission factors design experiment in optimum mode (OM). Treatments were set as follows: without fertilization (OM-F), without density (OM-D), and without wide-narrow plant spacing (OM-S). The results showed that the contribution of fertilization was maximum (23.85%), the second was intensive planting (16.05%), which promoted nitrogen accumulation and transport in leaves and stems via increased leaf area index and dry matter accumulation around the anthesis simultaneously, elevating the radiation utilization efficiency of the canopy and allowing a higher grain weight to be obtained. Wide-narrow row spacing yield contribution is minimum among the measures (8.649%), which could regulate the leaf and radiation transmittance in the middle and bottom layer of the canopy, while increasing the nitrogen accumulation of leaves and stalks in the silking stage, then significantly enhance the nitrogen transport and the matter accumulation of maize after anthesis. Our results showed that fertilizer management and density were the essential practices for integrated cultivation mode for northeast China. Moreover, wide-narrow row planting was advocated if permitted, which could elevate the utilization efficiency of radiation to 1%, and the yield of more than 11,000 kg ha-1 was obtained in Northeast China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Piao
- College of Agriculture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
- Maize Research Institute, Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin 150086, China
| | - Shiyu Zhang
- College of Agriculture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Junyao Yan
- College of Agriculture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Tianxu Xiang
- Heilongjiang Academy of land Reclamation Sciences, Harbin 150038, China
| | - Yang Chen
- Heilongjiang Kenfeng Seed Industry Co., Ltd., Harbin 150090, China
| | - Ming Li
- College of Agriculture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Wanrong Gu
- College of Agriculture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
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