1
|
Wei S, Song Y, Li Z, Liu A, Xie Y, Gao S, Shi H, Sun P, Wang Z, Jin Y, Sun W, Li X, Li J, Liu Q. SMEK1 ablation promotes glucose uptake and improves obesity-related metabolic dysfunction via AMPK signaling pathway. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2024; 326:E776-E790. [PMID: 38568153 DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.00387.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Revised: 03/25/2024] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 05/21/2024]
Abstract
Obesity has become a major risk of global public health. SMEK1 is also known as a regulatory subunit of protein phosphatase 4 (PP4). Both PP4 and SMEK1 have been clarified in many metabolic functions, including the regulation of hepatic gluconeogenesis and glucose transporter gene expression in yeast. Whether SMEK1 participates in obesity and the broader metabolic role in mammals is unknown. Thus, we investigated the function of SMEK1 in white adipose tissue and glucose uptake. GWAS/GEPIA/GEO database was used to analyze the correlation between SMEK1 and metabolic phenotypes/lipid metabolism-related genes/obesity. Smek1 KO mice were generated to identify the role of SMEK1 in obesity and glucose homeostasis. Cell culture and differentiation of stromal-vascular fractions (SVFs) and 3T3-L1 were used to determine the mechanism. 2-NBDG was used to measure the glucose uptake. Compound C was used to confirm the role of AMPK. We elucidated that SMEK1 was correlated with obesity and adipogenesis. Smek1 deletion enhanced adipogenesis in both SVFs and 3T3-L1. Smek1 KO protected mice from obesity and had protective effects on metabolic disorders, including insulin resistance and inflammation. Smek1 KO mice had lower levels of fasting serum glucose. We found that SMEK1 ablation promoted glucose uptake by increasing p-AMPKα(T172) and the transcription of Glut4 when the effect on AMPK-regulated glucose uptake was due to the PP4 catalytic subunits (PPP4C). Our findings reveal a novel role of SMEK1 in obesity and glucose homeostasis, providing a potential new therapeutic target for obesity and metabolic dysfunction.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Our study clarified the relationship between SMEK1 and obesity for the first time and validated the conclusion in multiple ways by combining available data from public databases, human samples, and animal models. In addition, we clarified the role of SMEK1 in glucose uptake, providing an in-depth interpretation for the study of its function in glucose metabolism.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shijun Wei
- Key Laboratory for Experimental Teratology of the Ministry of Education, Department of Medical Genetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu Song
- Key Laboratory for Experimental Teratology of the Ministry of Education, Department of Medical Genetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhengbin Li
- Key Laboratory for Experimental Teratology of the Ministry of Education, Department of Medical Genetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, People's Republic of China
| | - Ai Liu
- Key Laboratory for Experimental Teratology of the Ministry of Education, Department of Medical Genetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yunfang Xie
- Key Laboratory for Experimental Teratology of the Ministry of Education, Department of Medical Genetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, People's Republic of China
| | - Shang Gao
- Key Laboratory for Experimental Teratology of the Ministry of Education, Department of Medical Genetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongbiao Shi
- Key Laboratory for Experimental Teratology of the Ministry of Education, Department of Medical Genetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, People's Republic of China
| | - Ping Sun
- Key Laboratory for Experimental Teratology of the Ministry of Education, Department of Medical Genetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, People's Republic of China
| | - Zekun Wang
- Key Laboratory for Experimental Teratology of the Ministry of Education, Department of Medical Genetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yecheng Jin
- Key Laboratory for Experimental Teratology of the Ministry of Education, Department of Medical Genetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenjie Sun
- Key Laboratory for Experimental Teratology of the Ministry of Education, Department of Medical Genetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, People's Republic of China
| | - Xi Li
- Key Laboratory for Experimental Teratology of the Ministry of Education, Department of Medical Genetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiangxia Li
- Key Laboratory for Experimental Teratology of the Ministry of Education, Department of Medical Genetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiji Liu
- Key Laboratory for Experimental Teratology of the Ministry of Education, Department of Medical Genetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong University, School of Health and Life Sciences University of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Qingdao, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Khouri H, Roberge M, Ussher JR, Aguer C. Acetoacetate and D- and L-β-hydroxybutyrate have distinct effects on basal and insulin-stimulated glucose uptake in L6 skeletal muscle cells. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2024. [PMID: 38708524 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00718.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024]
Abstract
Ketone bodies (acetoacetate and β-hydroxybutyrate) are oxidized in skeletal muscle mainly during fasting as an alternative source of energy to glucose. Prior studies suggest that there is a negative relationship between increased muscle ketolysis and muscle glucose metabolism in mice with obesity and/or type 2 diabetes. Therefore, we investigated the connection between increased ketone body exposure and muscle glucose metabolism by measuring the effect of a 3-hour exposure to ketone bodies on glucose uptake in differentiated L6 myotubes. We showed that exposure to acetoacetate at a typical concentration (0.2 mM) resulted in increased basal glucose uptake in L6 myotubes, which was dependent on increased membrane GLUT4 translocation. Basal and insulin-stimulated glucose uptake was also increased with a concentration of acetoacetate reflective of diabetic ketoacidosis or a ketogenic diet (1 mM). We found that β-hydroxybutyrate had a variable effect on basal glucose uptake, in that a racemic mixture of the two β-hydroxybutyrate enantiomers (D and L) appeared to decrease basal glucose uptake, while 3 mM D-β-hydroxybutyrate alone increased basal glucose uptake. However, the effects of the ketone bodies individually were not observed when acetoacetate was present in combination with β-hydroxybutyrate. These results provide insight that will help elucidate the effect of ketone bodies in the context of specific metabolic diseases and nutritional states (e.g., type 2 diabetes and ketogenic diets).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hannah Khouri
- Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Mathilde Roberge
- Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - John R Ussher
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Céline Aguer
- Physiology, McGill University, Gatineau, QC, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Voigt JH, Lauritsen KM, Pedersen SB, Hansen TK, Møller N, Jessen N, Laurenti MC, Dalla Man C, Vella A, Gormsen LC, Søndergaard E. Four weeks SGLT2 inhibition improves beta cell function and glucose tolerance without affecting muscle free fatty acid or glucose uptake in subjects with type 2 diabetes. Basic Clin Pharmacol Toxicol 2024; 134:643-656. [PMID: 38409617 DOI: 10.1111/bcpt.13991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2023] [Revised: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 02/28/2024]
Abstract
AIMS Sodium glucose co-transporter-2 (SGLT2) inhibition lowers glucose levels independently of insulin, leading to reduced insulin secretion and increased lipolysis, resulting in elevated circulating free fatty acids (FFAs). While SGLT2 inhibition improves tissue insulin sensitivity, the increase in circulating FFAs could reduce insulin sensitivity in skeletal muscle and the liver. We aimed to investigate the effects of SGLT2 inhibition on substrate utilization in skeletal muscle and the liver and to measure beta-cell function and glucose tolerance. METHODS Thirteen metformin-treated individuals with type 2 diabetes were randomized to once-daily empagliflozin 25 mg or placebo for 4 weeks in a crossover design. Skeletal muscle glucose and FFA uptake together with hepatic tissue FFA uptake were measured using [18F]FDG positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) and [11C]palmitate PET/CT. Insulin secretion and action were estimated using the oral minimal model. RESULTS Empagliflozin did not affect glucose (0.73 ± 0.30 vs. 1.16 ± 0.64, μmol/g/min p = 0.11) or FFA (0.60 ± 0.30 vs. 0.56 ± 0.3, μmol/g/min p = 0.54) uptake in skeletal muscle. FFA uptake in the liver (21.2 ± 10.1 vs. 19 ± 8.8, μmol/100 ml/min p = 0.32) was unaffected. Empagliflozin increased total beta-cell responsivity (20 ± 8 vs. 14 ± 9, 10-9 min-1, p < 0.01) and glucose effectiveness (2.6 × 10-2 ± 0.3 × 10-2 vs. 2.4 × 10-2 ± 0.3 × 10-2, dL/kg/min, p = 0.02). CONCLUSIONS Despite improved beta-cell function and glucose tolerance, empagliflozin does not appear to affect skeletal muscle FFA or glucose uptake.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Katrine M Lauritsen
- Steno Diabetes Center Aarhus, Aarhus, Denmark
- Department of Endocrinology and Internal Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
- Danish Diabetes Academy, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
| | - Steen Bønløkke Pedersen
- Steno Diabetes Center Aarhus, Aarhus, Denmark
- Department of Endocrinology and Internal Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | | | - Niels Møller
- Steno Diabetes Center Aarhus, Aarhus, Denmark
- Department of Endocrinology and Internal Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Niels Jessen
- Steno Diabetes Center Aarhus, Aarhus, Denmark
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Marcello C Laurenti
- Endocrine Research Unit, Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Nutrition, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Chiara Dalla Man
- Department of Information Engineering, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Adrian Vella
- Endocrine Research Unit, Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Nutrition, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Lars C Gormsen
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and PET Centre, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Esben Søndergaard
- Steno Diabetes Center Aarhus, Aarhus, Denmark
- Department of Endocrinology and Internal Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
- Danish Diabetes Academy, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
- Endocrine Research Unit, Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Nutrition, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Kennedy VC, Lynch CS, Tanner AR, Winger QA, Gad A, Rozance PJ, Anthony RV. Fetal Hypoglycemia Induced by Placental SLC2A3-RNA Interference Alters Fetal Pancreas Development and Transcriptome at Mid-Gestation. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:4780. [PMID: 38731997 PMCID: PMC11084495 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25094780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2024] [Revised: 04/22/2024] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Glucose, the primary energy substrate for fetal oxidative processes and growth, is transferred from maternal to fetal circulation down a concentration gradient by placental facilitative glucose transporters. In sheep, SLC2A1 and SLC2A3 are the primary transporters available in the placental epithelium, with SLC2A3 located on the maternal-facing apical trophoblast membrane and SLC2A1 located on the fetal-facing basolateral trophoblast membrane. We have previously reported that impaired placental SLC2A3 glucose transport resulted in smaller, hypoglycemic fetuses with reduced umbilical artery insulin and glucagon concentrations, in addition to diminished pancreas weights. These findings led us to subject RNA derived from SLC2A3-RNAi (RNA interference) and NTS-RNAi (non-targeting sequence) fetal pancreases to qPCR followed by transcriptomic analysis. We identified a total of 771 differentially expressed genes (DEGs). Upregulated pathways were associated with fat digestion and absorption, particularly fatty acid transport, lipid metabolism, and cholesterol biosynthesis, suggesting a potential switch in energetic substrates due to hypoglycemia. Pathways related to molecular transport and cell signaling in addition to pathways influencing growth and metabolism of the developing pancreas were also impacted. A few genes directly related to gluconeogenesis were also differentially expressed. Our results suggest that fetal hypoglycemia during the first half of gestation impacts fetal pancreas development and function that is not limited to β cell activity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Victoria C. Kennedy
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA; (V.C.K.); (C.S.L.); (A.R.T.); (Q.A.W.); (A.G.)
| | - Cameron S. Lynch
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA; (V.C.K.); (C.S.L.); (A.R.T.); (Q.A.W.); (A.G.)
| | - Amelia R. Tanner
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA; (V.C.K.); (C.S.L.); (A.R.T.); (Q.A.W.); (A.G.)
- University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO 80045, USA;
| | - Quinton A. Winger
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA; (V.C.K.); (C.S.L.); (A.R.T.); (Q.A.W.); (A.G.)
| | - Ahmed Gad
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA; (V.C.K.); (C.S.L.); (A.R.T.); (Q.A.W.); (A.G.)
| | - Paul J. Rozance
- University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO 80045, USA;
| | - Russell V. Anthony
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA; (V.C.K.); (C.S.L.); (A.R.T.); (Q.A.W.); (A.G.)
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Yang P, Shen F, You C, Lou F, Shi Y. Gli1 + Progenitors Mediate Glucocorticoid-Induced Osteoporosis In Vivo. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:4371. [PMID: 38673956 PMCID: PMC11050080 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25084371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2024] [Revised: 04/04/2024] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
For a wide range of chronic autoimmune and inflammatory diseases in both adults and children, synthetic glucocorticoids (GCs) are one of the most effective treatments. However, besides other adverse effects, GCs inhibit bone mass at multiple levels, and at different ages, especially in puberty. Although extensive studies have investigated the mechanism of GC-induced osteoporosis, their target cell populations still be obscure. Here, our data show that the osteoblast subpopulation among Gli1+ metaphyseal mesenchymal progenitors (MMPs) is responsive to GCs as indicated by lineage tracing and single-cell RNA sequencing experiments. Furthermore, the proliferation and differentiation of Gli1+ MMPs are both decreased, which may be because GCs impair the oxidative phosphorylation(OXPHOS) and aerobic glycolysis of Gli1+ MMPs. Teriparatide, as one of the potential treatments for GCs in bone mass, is sought to increase bone volume by increasing the proliferation and differentiation of Gli1+ MMPs in vivo. Notably, our data demonstrate teriparatide ameliorates GC-caused bone defects by targeting Gli1+ MMPs. Thus, Gli1+ MMPs will be the potential mesenchymal progenitors in response to diverse pharmaceutical administrations in regulating bone formation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Puying Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; (P.Y.); (F.S.); (C.Y.); (F.L.)
| | - Fangyuan Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; (P.Y.); (F.S.); (C.Y.); (F.L.)
| | - Chengjia You
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; (P.Y.); (F.S.); (C.Y.); (F.L.)
| | - Feng Lou
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; (P.Y.); (F.S.); (C.Y.); (F.L.)
- Department of Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Yu Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; (P.Y.); (F.S.); (C.Y.); (F.L.)
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Tura A, Herfs V, Maaßen T, Zuo H, Vardanyan S, Prasuhn M, Ranjbar M, Kakkassery V, Grisanti S. Quercetin Impairs the Growth of Uveal Melanoma Cells by Interfering with Glucose Uptake and Metabolism. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:4292. [PMID: 38673877 PMCID: PMC11049862 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25084292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2024] [Revised: 04/09/2024] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Monosomy 3 in uveal melanoma (UM) increases the risk of lethal metastases, mainly in the liver, which serves as the major site for the storage of excessive glucose and the metabolization of the dietary flavonoid quercetin. Although primary UMs with monosomy 3 exhibit a higher potential for basal glucose uptake, it remains unknown as to whether glycolytic capacity is altered in such tumors. Herein, we initially analyzed the expression of n = 151 genes involved in glycolysis and its interconnected branch, the "pentose phosphate pathway (PPP)", in the UM cohort of The Cancer Genome Atlas Study and validated the differentially expressed genes in two independent cohorts. We also evaluated the effects of quercetin on the growth, survival, and glucose metabolism of the UM cell line 92.1. The rate-limiting glycolytic enzyme PFKP was overexpressed whereas the ZBTB20 gene (locus: 3q13.31) was downregulated in the patients with metastases in all cohorts. Quercetin was able to impair proliferation, viability, glucose uptake, glycolysis, ATP synthesis, and PPP rate-limiting enzyme activity while increasing oxidative stress. UMs with monosomy 3 display a stronger potential to utilize glucose for the generation of energy and biomass. Quercetin can prevent the growth of UM cells by interfering with glucose metabolism.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aysegül Tura
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Lübeck, Ratzeburger Allee 160, 23562 Luebeck, Germany; (V.H.); (T.M.); (H.Z.); (S.V.); (M.P.); (V.K.); (S.G.)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
7
|
Li T, Lv Q, Liu C, Li C, Xie X, Zhang W. The Lipophilic Extract from Ginkgo biloba L. Leaves Promotes Glucose Uptake and Alleviates Palmitate-Induced Insulin Resistance in C2C12 Myotubes. Molecules 2024; 29:1605. [PMID: 38611884 PMCID: PMC11013672 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29071605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2024] [Revised: 03/25/2024] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Ginkgo biloba L. (ginkgo) is a widely used medicinal plant around the world. Its leaves, which have been used as a traditional Chinese medicine, are rich in various bioactive components. However, most of the research and applications of ginkgo leaves have focused on terpene trilactones and flavonol glycosides, thereby overlooking the other active components. In this study, a lipophilic extract (GL) was isolated from ginkgo leaves. This extract is abundant in lipids and lipid-like molecules. Then, its effect and potential mechanism on glucose uptake and insulin resistance in C2C12 myotubes were investigated. The results showed that GL significantly enhanced the translocation of GLUT4 to the plasma membrane, which subsequently promoted glucose uptake. Meanwhile, it increased the phosphorylation of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and its downstream targets. Both knockdown of AMPK with siRNA and inhibition with AMPK inhibitor compound C reversed these effects. Additionally, GL ameliorated palmitate-induced insulin resistance by enhancing insulin-stimulated glucose uptake, increasing the phosphorylation of protein kinase B (PKB/AKT), and restoring the translocation of GLUT4 from the cytoplasm to the membrane. However, pretreatment with compound C abolished these beneficial effects of GL. In conclusion, GL enhances basal glucose uptake in C2C12 myotubes and improves insulin sensitivity in palmitate-induced insulin resistant myotubes through the AMPK pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tiantian Li
- School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, 500 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Quanhe Lv
- School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, 500 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Chunhui Liu
- China National Institute of Standardization, 4 Zhichun Road, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Chunfei Li
- School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, 500 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Xiaomin Xie
- School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, 500 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Wen Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, 500 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200241, China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Ji X, Zhang C, Yang J, Tian Y, You L, Yang H, Li Y, Liu H, Pan D, Liu Z. Kaempferol Improves Exercise Performance by Regulating Glucose Uptake, Mitochondrial Biogenesis, and Protein Synthesis via PI3K/AKT and MAPK Signaling Pathways. Foods 2024; 13:1068. [PMID: 38611372 PMCID: PMC11011654 DOI: 10.3390/foods13071068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2024] [Revised: 03/25/2024] [Accepted: 03/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Kaempferol is a natural flavonoid with reported bioactivities found in many fruits, vegetables, and medicinal herbs. However, its effects on exercise performance and muscle metabolism remain inconclusive. The present study investigated kaempferol's effects on improving exercise performance and potential mechanisms in vivo and in vitro. The grip strength, exhaustive running time, and distance of mice were increased in the high-dose kaempferol group (p < 0.01). Also, kaempferol reduced fatigue-related biochemical markers and increased the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) related to antioxidant capacity. Kaempferol also increased the glycogen and adenosine triphosphate (ATP) content in the liver and skeletal muscle, as well as glucose in the blood. In vitro, kaempferol promoted glucose uptake, protein synthesis, and mitochondrial function and decreased oxidative stress in both 2D and 3D C2C12 myotube cultures. Moreover, kaempferol activated the PI3K/AKT and MAPK signaling pathways in the C2C12 cells. It also upregulated the key targets of glucose uptake, mitochondrial function, and protein synthesis. These findings suggest that kaempferol improves exercise performance and alleviates physical fatigue by increasing glucose uptake, mitochondrial biogenesis, and protein synthesis and by decreasing ROS. Kaempferol's molecular mechanism may be related to the regulation of the PI3K/AKT and MAPK signaling pathways.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoning Ji
- State Key Laboratory for Quality Ensurance and Sustainable Use of Dao-di Herbs, National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Food Safety Risk Assessment, China National Center for Food Safety Risk Assessment, Beijing 100022, China (H.Y.); (Z.L.)
| | - Chaozheng Zhang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Food Safety Risk Assessment, China National Center for Food Safety Risk Assessment, Beijing 100022, China (H.Y.); (Z.L.)
| | - Jing Yang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Food Safety Risk Assessment, China National Center for Food Safety Risk Assessment, Beijing 100022, China (H.Y.); (Z.L.)
| | - Yaru Tian
- NHC Key Laboratory of Food Safety Risk Assessment, China National Center for Food Safety Risk Assessment, Beijing 100022, China (H.Y.); (Z.L.)
| | - Lijuan You
- NHC Key Laboratory of Food Safety Risk Assessment, China National Center for Food Safety Risk Assessment, Beijing 100022, China (H.Y.); (Z.L.)
| | - Hui Yang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Food Safety Risk Assessment, China National Center for Food Safety Risk Assessment, Beijing 100022, China (H.Y.); (Z.L.)
| | - Yongning Li
- NHC Key Laboratory of Food Safety Risk Assessment, China National Center for Food Safety Risk Assessment, Beijing 100022, China (H.Y.); (Z.L.)
| | - Haibo Liu
- NHC Key Laboratory of Food Safety Risk Assessment, China National Center for Food Safety Risk Assessment, Beijing 100022, China (H.Y.); (Z.L.)
| | - Deng Pan
- NHC Key Laboratory of Food Safety Risk Assessment, China National Center for Food Safety Risk Assessment, Beijing 100022, China (H.Y.); (Z.L.)
| | - Zhaoping Liu
- NHC Key Laboratory of Food Safety Risk Assessment, China National Center for Food Safety Risk Assessment, Beijing 100022, China (H.Y.); (Z.L.)
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Bjerknes C, Wubshet SG, Rønning SB, Afseth NK, Currie C, Framroze B, Hermansen E. Glucoregulatory Properties of a Protein Hydrolysate from Atlantic Salmon ( Salmo salar): Preliminary Characterization and Evaluation of DPP-IV Inhibition and Direct Glucose Uptake In Vitro. Mar Drugs 2024; 22:151. [PMID: 38667768 PMCID: PMC11050766 DOI: 10.3390/md22040151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2024] [Revised: 03/22/2024] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Metabolic disorders are increasingly prevalent conditions that manifest pathophysiologically along a continuum. Among reported metabolic risk factors, elevated fasting serum glucose (FSG) levels have shown the most substantial increase in risk exposure. Ultimately leading to insulin resistance (IR), this condition is associated with notable deteriorations in the prognostic outlook for major diseases, including neurodegenerative diseases, cancer risk, and mortality related to cardiovascular disease. Tackling metabolic dysfunction, with a focus on prevention, is a critically important aspect for human health. In this study, an investigation into the potential antidiabetic properties of a salmon protein hydrolysate (SPH) was conducted, focusing on its potential dipeptidyl peptidase-IV (DPP-IV) inhibition and direct glucose uptake in vitro. Characterization of the SPH utilized a bioassay-guided fractionation approach to identify potent glucoregulatory peptide fractions. Low-molecular-weight (MW) fractions prepared by membrane filtration (MWCO = 3 kDa) showed significant DPP-IV inhibition (IC50 = 1.01 ± 0.12 mg/mL) and glucose uptake in vitro (p ≤ 0.0001 at 1 mg/mL). Further fractionation of the lowest MW fractions (<3 kDa) derived from the permeate resulted in three peptide subfractions. The subfraction with the lowest molecular weight demonstrated the most significant glucose uptake activity (p ≤ 0.0001), maintaining its potency even at a dilution of 1:500 (p ≤ 0.01).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christian Bjerknes
- Hofseth Biocare ASA, Keiser Wilhelms Gate 24, 6003 Ålesund, Norway; (C.C.); (B.F.); (E.H.)
| | | | | | | | - Crawford Currie
- Hofseth Biocare ASA, Keiser Wilhelms Gate 24, 6003 Ålesund, Norway; (C.C.); (B.F.); (E.H.)
| | - Bomi Framroze
- Hofseth Biocare ASA, Keiser Wilhelms Gate 24, 6003 Ålesund, Norway; (C.C.); (B.F.); (E.H.)
| | - Erland Hermansen
- Hofseth Biocare ASA, Keiser Wilhelms Gate 24, 6003 Ålesund, Norway; (C.C.); (B.F.); (E.H.)
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Larsgårdsvegen 2, 6009 Ålesund, Norway
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Jalo A, Helin JS, Hentilä J, Nissinen TA, Honkala SM, Heiskanen MA, Löyttyniemi E, Malm T, Hannukainen JC. Mechanisms Leading to Increased Insulin-Stimulated Cerebral Glucose Uptake in Obesity and Insulin Resistance: A High-Fat Diet and Exercise Training Intervention PET Study with Rats (CROSRAT). J Funct Morphol Kinesiol 2024; 9:58. [PMID: 38651416 PMCID: PMC11036253 DOI: 10.3390/jfmk9020058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2024] [Revised: 03/15/2024] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Recent studies have shown that obesity and insulin resistance are associated with increased insulin-stimulated glucose uptake (GU) in the brain. Thus, insulin sensitivity seems to work differently in the brain compared to the peripheral tissues like skeletal muscles, but the underlying mechanisms remain unknown. Regular exercise training improves skeletal muscle and whole-body insulin sensitivity. However, the effect of exercise on glucose metabolism in the brain and internal organs is less well understood. The CROSRAT study aims to investigate the effects of exercise training on brain glucose metabolism and inflammation in a high-fat diet-induced rat model of obesity and insulin resistance. Male Sprague Dawley rats (n = 144) are divided into nine study groups that undergo different dietary and/or exercise training interventions lasting 12 to 24 weeks. Insulin-stimulated GU from various tissues and brain inflammation are investigated using [18F]FDG-PET/CT and [11C]PK11195-PET/CT, respectively. In addition, peripheral tissue, brain, and fecal samples are collected to study the underlying mechanisms. The strength of this study design is that it allows examining the effects of both diet and exercise training on obesity-induced insulin resistance and inflammation. As the pathophysiological changes are studied simultaneously in many tissues and organs at several time points, the study provides insight into when and where these pathophysiological changes occur.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anna Jalo
- MediCity Research Laboratory, University of Turku, Tykistökatu 6 A, FI-20520 Turku, Finland
- Preclinical Imaging Laboratory, Turku PET Centre, University of Turku, Tykistökatu 6 A, FI-20520 Turku, Finland
- Doctoral Programme in Clinical Research, University of Turku, FI-20520 Turku, Finland
| | - Jatta S. Helin
- MediCity Research Laboratory, University of Turku, Tykistökatu 6 A, FI-20520 Turku, Finland
- Preclinical Imaging Laboratory, Turku PET Centre, University of Turku, Tykistökatu 6 A, FI-20520 Turku, Finland
| | - Jaakko Hentilä
- Turku PET Centre, University of Turku, P.O. Box 52, FI-20521 Turku, Finland
| | - Tuuli A. Nissinen
- MediCity Research Laboratory, University of Turku, Tykistökatu 6 A, FI-20520 Turku, Finland
- Preclinical Imaging Laboratory, Turku PET Centre, University of Turku, Tykistökatu 6 A, FI-20520 Turku, Finland
| | - Sanna M. Honkala
- Turku PET Centre, University of Turku, P.O. Box 52, FI-20521 Turku, Finland
| | - Marja A. Heiskanen
- Research Centre of Applied and Preventive Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Turku, Kiinamyllynkatu 10, FI-20520 Turku, Finland
- Centre for Population Health Research, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Kiinamyllynkatu 10, FI-20520 Turku, Finland
| | - Eliisa Löyttyniemi
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Kiinamyllynkatu 10, FI-20520 Turku, Finland
| | - Tarja Malm
- A.I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Yliopistonranta 8, FI-70210 Kuopio, Finland
| | | |
Collapse
|
11
|
Walk CL, Mullenix GJ, Maynard CW, Greene ES, Maynard C, Ward N, Dridi S. Novel 4th-generation phytase improves broiler growth performance and reduces woody breast severity through modulation of muscle glucose uptake and metabolism. Front Physiol 2024; 15:1376628. [PMID: 38559573 PMCID: PMC10978611 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2024.1376628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
The objective of the present study was to determine the effect of a novel (4th generation) phytase supplementation as well as its mode of action on growth, meat quality, and incidence of muscle myopathies. One-day old male broilers (n = 720) were weighed and randomly allocated to 30 floor pens (24 birds/pen) with 10 replicate pens per treatment. Three diets were fed from hatch to 56- days-old: a 3-phase corn-soy based diet as a positive control (PC); a negative control (NC) formulated to be isocaloric and isonitrogenous to the PC and with a reduction in Ca and available P, respectively; and the NC supplemented with 2,000 phytase units per kg of diet (NC + P). At the conclusion of the experiment, birds fed with NC + P diet were significantly heavier and had 2.1- and 4.2-points better feed conversion ratio (FCR) compared to birds offered NC and PC diets, respectively. Processing data showed that phytase supplementation increased live weight, hot carcass without giblets, wings, tender, and skin-on drum and thigh compared to both NC and PC diets. Macroscopic scoring showed that birds fed the NC + P diet had lower woody breast (WB) severity compared to those fed the PC and NC diets, however there was no effect on white striping (WS) incidence and meat quality parameters (pH, drip loss, meat color). To delineate its mode of action, iSTAT showed that blood glucose concentrations were significantly lower in birds fed NC + P diet compared to those offered PC and NC diets, suggesting a better glucose uptake. In support, molecular analyses demonstrated that the breast muscle expression (mRNA and protein) of glucose transporter 1 (GLUT1) and glucokinase (GK) was significantly upregulated in birds fed NC + P diet compared to those fed the NC and PC diets. The expression of mitochondrial ATP synthase F0 subunit 8 (MT-ATP8) was significantly upregulated in NC + P compared to other groups, indicating intracellular ATP abundance for anabolic pathways. This was confirmed by the reduced level of phosphorylated-AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPKα1/2) at Thr172 site, upregulation of glycogen synthase (GYS1) gene and activation of mechanistic target of rapamycin and ribosomal protein S6 kinase (mTOR-P70S6K) pathway. In conclusion, this is the first report showing that in-feed supplementation of the novel phytase improves growth performance and reduces WB severity in broilers potentially through enhancement of glucose uptake, glycolysis, and intracellular ATP production, which used for muscle glycogenesis and protein synthesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Garrett J. Mullenix
- Department of Poultry Science, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, United States
| | - Craig W. Maynard
- Department of Poultry Science, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, United States
| | - Elisabeth S. Greene
- Department of Poultry Science, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, United States
| | - Clay Maynard
- Department of Poultry Science, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, United States
| | - Nelson Ward
- DSM Nutritional Products, Jerusalem, OH, United States
| | - Sami Dridi
- Department of Poultry Science, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, United States
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Li K, Uyanga VA, Wang X, Jiao H, Zhao J, Zhou Y, Li H, Lin H. Allicin Promotes Glucose Uptake by Activating AMPK through CSE/H 2S-Induced S-Sulfhydration in a Muscle-Fiber Dependent Way in Broiler Chickens. Mol Nutr Food Res 2024; 68:e2300622. [PMID: 38339885 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.202300622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2023] [Revised: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
SCOPE Allicin, a product of enzymatic reaction when garlic is injured, plays an important role in maintaining glucose homeostasis in mammals. However, the effect of allicin on glucose homeostasis in the state of insulin resistance remains to be elucidated. This study investigates the effect of allicin on glucose metabolism using different muscle fibers in a chicken model. METHODS AND RESULTS Day-old male Arbor Acres broilers are randomly divided into three groups and fed a basal diet supplemented with 0, 150, or 300 mg kg-1 allicin for 42 days. Results show that allicin improves the zootechnical performance of broilers at the finishing stage. The glucose loading test (2 g kg-1 body mass) indicates the regulatory role of allicin on glucose homeostasis. In vitro results demonstrate allicin increases glutathione (GSH) level and the expression of cystathionine γ lyase (CSE), leading to endogenous hydrogen sulfide (H2S) production in M. pectoralis major (PM) muscle-derived myotubes. Allicin stimulates adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) S-sulfhydration and AMPK phosphorylation to promote glucose uptake, which is suppressed in the presence of d,l-propargylglycine (PAG, a CSE inhibitor). CONCLUSION This study demonstrates that allicin induces AMPK S-sulfhydration and AMPK phosphorylation to promote glucose uptake via the CSE/H2S system in a muscle fiber-dependent manner.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kelin Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, Key Laboratory of Efficient Utilization of Non-grain Feed Resources (Co-construction by Ministry and Province), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271000, China
| | - Victoria A Uyanga
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, Key Laboratory of Efficient Utilization of Non-grain Feed Resources (Co-construction by Ministry and Province), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271000, China
| | - Xiaojuan Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, Key Laboratory of Efficient Utilization of Non-grain Feed Resources (Co-construction by Ministry and Province), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271000, China
| | - Hongchao Jiao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, Key Laboratory of Efficient Utilization of Non-grain Feed Resources (Co-construction by Ministry and Province), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271000, China
| | - Jingpeng Zhao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, Key Laboratory of Efficient Utilization of Non-grain Feed Resources (Co-construction by Ministry and Province), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271000, China
| | - Yunlei Zhou
- College of Chemistry and Material Science, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271000, China
| | - Haifang Li
- College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271000, China
| | - Hai Lin
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, Key Laboratory of Efficient Utilization of Non-grain Feed Resources (Co-construction by Ministry and Province), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271000, China
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Jung J, Habib M, Morrissette LJ, Timmons SC, Maerz T, Fields AJ. Non-enzymatic glycation reduces glucose transport in the human cartilage endplate independently of matrix porosity or proteoglycan content. JOR Spine 2024; 7:e1297. [PMID: 38222801 PMCID: PMC10782066 DOI: 10.1002/jsp2.1297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Revised: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Intervertebral disc degeneration is associated with low back pain, which is a leading cause of disability. While the precise causes of disc degeneration are unknown, inadequate nutrient and metabolite transport through the cartilage endplate (CEP) may be one important factor. Prior work shows that CEP transport properties depend on the porosity of the CEP matrix, but little is known about the role of CEP characteristics that could influence transport properties independently from porosity. Here, we show that CEP transport properties depend on the extent of non-enzymatic glycation of the CEP matrix. Methods and Results Using in vitro ribosylation to induce non-enzymatic glycation and promote the formation of advanced glycation end products, we found that ribosylation reduced glucose partition coefficients in human cadaveric lumbar CEP tissues by 10.7%, on average, compared with donor- and site-matched CEP tissues that did not undergo ribosylation (p = 0.04). These reductions in glucose uptake were observed in the absence of differences in CEP porosity (p = 0.89) or in the amounts of sulfated glycosaminoglycans (sGAGs, p = 0.47) or collagen (p = 0.61). To investigate whether ribosylation altered electrostatic interactions between fixed charges on the sGAG molecules and the mobile free ions, we measured the charge density in the CEP matrix using equilibrium partitioning of a cationic contrast agent using micro-computed tomography. After contrast enhancement, mean X-ray attenuation was 11.9% lower in the CEP tissues that had undergone ribosylation (p = 0.02), implying the CEP matrix was less negatively charged. Conclusions Taken together, these findings indicate that non-enzymatic glycation negatively impacts glucose transport in the CEP independent of matrix porosity or sGAG content and that the effects may be mediated by alterations to matrix charge density.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jae‐Young Jung
- Department of Orthopaedic SurgeryUniversity of California San FranciscoSan FranciscoCaliforniaUSA
| | - Mohamed Habib
- Department of Orthopaedic SurgeryUniversity of California San FranciscoSan FranciscoCaliforniaUSA
| | - Luke J. Morrissette
- Department of Natural SciencesLawrence Technological UniversitySouthfieldMichiganUSA
| | - Shannon C. Timmons
- Department of Natural SciencesLawrence Technological UniversitySouthfieldMichiganUSA
| | - Tristan Maerz
- Departments of Orthopaedic Surgery and Biomedical EngineeringUniversity of MichiganAnn ArborMichiganUSA
| | - Aaron J. Fields
- Department of Orthopaedic SurgeryUniversity of California San FranciscoSan FranciscoCaliforniaUSA
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Morimoto A, Takasugi N, Pan Y, Kubota S, Dohmae N, Abiko Y, Uchida K, Kumagai Y, Uehara T. Methyl vinyl ketone and its analogs covalently modify PI3K and alter physiological functions by inhibiting PI3K signaling. J Biol Chem 2024; 300:105679. [PMID: 38272219 PMCID: PMC10881440 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2024.105679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Revised: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 01/13/2024] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Reactive carbonyl species (RCS), which are abundant in the environment and are produced in vivo under stress, covalently bind to nucleophilic residues such as Cys in proteins. Disruption of protein function by RCS exposure is predicted to play a role in the development of various diseases such as cancer and metabolic disorders, but most studies on RCS have been limited to simple cytotoxicity validation, leaving their target proteins and resulting physiological changes unknown. In this study, we focused on methyl vinyl ketone (MVK), which is one of the main RCS found in cigarette smoke and exhaust gas. We found that MVK suppressed PI3K-Akt signaling, which regulates processes involved in cellular homeostasis, including cell proliferation, autophagy, and glucose metabolism. Interestingly, MVK inhibits the interaction between the epidermal growth factor receptor and PI3K. Cys656 in the SH2 domain of the PI3K p85 subunit, which is the covalently binding site of MVK, is important for this interaction. Suppression of PI3K-Akt signaling by MVK reversed epidermal growth factor-induced negative regulation of autophagy and attenuated glucose uptake. Furthermore, we analyzed the effects of the 23 RCS compounds with structures similar to MVK and showed that their analogs also suppressed PI3K-Akt signaling in a manner that correlated with their similarities to MVK. Our study demonstrates the mechanism of MVK and its analogs in suppressing PI3K-Akt signaling and modulating physiological functions, providing a model for future studies analyzing environmental reactive species.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Atsushi Morimoto
- Department of Medicinal Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan
| | - Nobumasa Takasugi
- Department of Medicinal Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan
| | - Yuexuan Pan
- Department of Medicinal Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan
| | - Sho Kubota
- Department of Medicinal Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan
| | - Naoshi Dohmae
- Biomolecular Characterization Unit, Technology Platform Division, RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, Wako, Saitama, Japan
| | - Yumi Abiko
- Graduate School of Biomedical Science, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Koji Uchida
- Laboratory of Food Chemistry, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoshito Kumagai
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Takashi Uehara
- Department of Medicinal Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Nemec-Bakk AS, Bel J, Niccoli S, Boreham DR, Tai TC, Lees SJ, Khaper N. Effects of prenatal dexamethasone exposure on adult C57BL/6J mouse metabolism and oxidative stress. Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2024; 102:180-195. [PMID: 38329060 DOI: 10.1139/cjpp-2023-0254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
Prenatal glucocorticoid exposure has been shown to alter hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis function resulting in altered fetal development that can persist through adulthood. Fetal exposure to excess dexamethasone, a synthetic glucocorticoid, has been shown to alter adult behaviour and metabolism. This study investigated the effects prenatal dexamethasone exposure had on adult offspring cardiac and liver metabolism and oxidative stress. Pregnant C57BL/6 mice received a dose of 0.4 mg/kg dexamethasone on gestational days 15-17. Once pups were approximately 7 months old, glucose uptake was determined using positron emission tomography and insulin resistance (IR) was determined by homeostatic model assessment (HOMA) IR calculation. Oxidative stress was assessed by measuring 4-hydroxynonenal protein adduct formation and total reactive oxygen species. Female dexamethasone group had significantly increased glucose uptake when insulin stimulated compared to vehicle-treated mice. HOMA IR revealed no evidence of IR in either male or female offspring. There was also no change in oxidative stress markers in either cardiac or liver tissues of male or female offspring. These data suggest that prenatal dexamethasone exposure in male mice does not alter oxidative stress or metabolism. However, prenatal dexamethasone exposure increased glucocorticoids, cardiac glucose uptake, and pAkt signaling in female heart tissues in adult mice, suggesting there are sex differences in prenatal dexamethasone exposure.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A S Nemec-Bakk
- Department of Science and Environmental studies, Lakehead University, Thunder Bay, ON P7B 5E1, Canada
| | - J Bel
- Department of Science and Environmental studies, Lakehead University, Thunder Bay, ON P7B 5E1, Canada
| | - S Niccoli
- Medical Science Division, NOSM University, Thunder Bay, ON P7B 5E1, Canada
| | - D R Boreham
- Medical Science Division, NOSM University, Sudbury, ON P3E 2C6, Canada
- Biomolecular Sciences, Laurentian University, Sudbury, ON P3E 2C6, Canada
| | - T C Tai
- Medical Science Division, NOSM University, Sudbury, ON P3E 2C6, Canada
- Biomolecular Sciences, Laurentian University, Sudbury, ON P3E 2C6, Canada
| | - S J Lees
- Medical Science Division, NOSM University, Thunder Bay, ON P7B 5E1, Canada
- Department of Biology, Lakehead University, Thunder Bay, ON P7B 5E1, Canada
| | - N Khaper
- Medical Science Division, NOSM University, Thunder Bay, ON P7B 5E1, Canada
- Biomolecular Sciences, Laurentian University, Sudbury, ON P3E 2C6, Canada
- Department of Biology, Lakehead University, Thunder Bay, ON P7B 5E1, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Erukainure OL, Chukwuma CI. Coconut ( Cocos nucifera (L.)) Water Improves Glucose Uptake with Concomitant Modulation of Antioxidant and Purinergic Activities in Isolated Rat Psoas Muscles. Plants (Basel) 2024; 13:665. [PMID: 38475510 DOI: 10.3390/plants13050665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2024] [Revised: 02/25/2024] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024]
Abstract
The present study investigated the effect of coconut water on glucose uptake and utilization, and metabolic activities linked to hyperglycemia in isolated rat psoas muscles. Coconut water was subjected to in vitro antioxidant and antidiabetic assays, which cover 2,2'-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) scavenging activity, ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), and inhibition of α-glucosidase and α-amylase activities. Psoas muscles were isolated from male Sprague Dawley rats and incubated with coconut water in the presence of glucose. Control consisted of muscles incubated with glucose only, while normal control consisted of muscles not incubated in coconut water and/or glucose. The standard antidiabetic drug was metformin. Incubation with coconut water led to a significant increase in muscle glucose uptake, with concomitant exacerbation of glutathione level, and SOD and catalase activities, while suppressing malondialdehyde level, and ATPase and E-NTDase activities. Coconut water showed significant scavenging activity against DPPH, and significantly inhibited α-glucosidase and α-amylase activities. LC-MS analysis of coconut water revealed the presence of ellagic acid, butin, quercetin, protocatechuic acid, baicalin, and silibinin. Molecular docking analysis revealed potent molecular interactions between the LC-MS-identified compounds, and AKT-2 serine and PI-3 kinase. These results indicate the potential of coconut water to enhance glucose uptake, while concomitantly improving antioxidative and purinergic activities. They also indicate the potential of coconut water to suppress postprandial hyperglycemia. These activities may be attributed to the synergistic effects of the LC-MS-identified compounds.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ochuko L Erukainure
- Laser Research Centre, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Johannesburg, Doornfontein 2028, South Africa
| | - Chika I Chukwuma
- Centre for Quality of Health and Living, Faculty of Health and Environmental Sciences, Central University of Technology, Bloemfontein 9301, South Africa
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Lipka A, Paukszto Ł, Kennedy VC, Tanner AR, Majewska M, Anthony RV. The Impact of SLC2A8 RNA Interference on Glucose Uptake and the Transcriptome of Human Trophoblast Cells. Cells 2024; 13:391. [PMID: 38474355 PMCID: PMC10930455 DOI: 10.3390/cells13050391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2024] [Revised: 02/14/2024] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
While glucose is the primary fuel for fetal growth, the placenta utilizes the majority of glucose taken up from the maternal circulation. Of the facilitative glucose transporters in the placenta, SLC2A8 (GLUT8) is thought to primarily function as an intracellular glucose transporter; however, its function in trophoblast cells has not been determined. To gain insight into the function of SLC2A8 in the placenta, lentiviral-mediated RNA interference (RNAi) was performed in the human first-trimester trophoblast cell line ACH-3P. Non-targeting sequence controls (NTS RNAi; n = 4) and SLC2A8 RNAi (n = 4) infected ACH-3P cells were compared. A 79% reduction in SLC2A8 mRNA concentration was associated with an 11% reduction (p ≤ 0.05) in ACH-3P glucose uptake. NTS RNAi and SLC2A8 RNAi ACH-3P mRNA were subjected to RNAseq, identifying 1525 transcripts that were differentially expressed (|log2FC| > 1 and adjusted p-value < 0.05), with 273 transcripts derived from protein-coding genes, and the change in 10 of these mRNAs was validated by real-time qPCR. Additionally, there were 147 differentially expressed long non-coding RNAs. Functional analyses revealed differentially expressed genes involved in various metabolic pathways associated with cellular respiration, oxidative phosphorylation, and ATP synthesis. Collectively, these data indicate that SLC2A8 deficiency may impact placental uptake of glucose, but that its likely primary function in trophoblast cells is to support cellular respiration. Since the placenta oxidizes the majority of the glucose it takes up to support its own metabolic needs, impairment of SLC2A8 function could set the stage for functional placental insufficiency.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandra Lipka
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, School of Medicine, Collegium Medicum, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, 10-045 Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Łukasz Paukszto
- Department of Botany and Nature Protection, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, 10-727 Olsztyn, Poland;
| | - Victoria C. Kennedy
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA; (V.C.K.); (A.R.T.)
| | - Amelia R. Tanner
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA; (V.C.K.); (A.R.T.)
| | - Marta Majewska
- Department of Human Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, 10-082 Olsztyn, Poland;
| | - Russell V. Anthony
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA; (V.C.K.); (A.R.T.)
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Baek JG, Park DH, Vu NK, Muvva C, Hwang H, Song S, Lee HS, Kim TJ, Kwon HC, Park K, Kang KS, Kwon J. Glycolipids Derived from the Korean Endemic Plant Aruncus aethusifolius Inducing Glucose Uptake in Mouse Skeletal Muscle C2C12 Cells. Plants (Basel) 2024; 13:608. [PMID: 38475455 DOI: 10.3390/plants13050608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Revised: 02/21/2024] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024]
Abstract
Aruncus spp. has been used as a traditional folk medicine worldwide for its anti-inflammatory, hemostatic, and detoxifying properties. The well-known species A. dioicus var. kamtschaticus has long been used for multifunctional purposes in Eastern Asia. Recently, it was reported that its extract has antioxidant and anti-diabetic effects. In this respect, it is likely that other Aruncus spp. possess various biological activities; however, little research has been conducted thus far. The present study aims to biologically identify active compounds against diabetes in the Korean endemic plant A. aethusifolius and evaluate the underlying mechanisms. A. aethusifolius extract enhanced glucose uptake without toxicity to C2C12 cells. A bioassay-guided isolation of A. aethusifolius yielded two pure compounds, and their structures were characterized as glycolipid derivatives, gingerglycolipid A, and (2S)-3-linolenoylglycerol-O-β-d-galactopyranoside by an interpretation of nuclear magnetic resonance and high-resolution mass spectrometric data. Both compounds showed glucose uptake activity, and both compounds increased the phosphorylation levels of insulin receptor substrate 1 (IRS-1) and 5'-AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and protein expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ). Gingerglycolipid A docked computationally into the active site of IRS-1, AMPK1, AMPK2, and PPARγ (-5.8, -6.9, -6.8, and -6.8 kcal/mol).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jong Gwon Baek
- KIST Gangneung Institute of Natural Products, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Gangneung 25451, Republic of Korea
- Department of YM-KIST Bio-Health Convergence, Yonsei University, Wonju 26593, Republic of Korea
| | - Do Hwi Park
- College of Korean Medicine, Gachon University, Seongnam 13120, Republic of Korea
| | - Ngoc Khanh Vu
- KIST Gangneung Institute of Natural Products, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Gangneung 25451, Republic of Korea
| | - Charuvaka Muvva
- KIST Gangneung Institute of Natural Products, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Gangneung 25451, Republic of Korea
| | - Hoseong Hwang
- KIST Gangneung Institute of Natural Products, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Gangneung 25451, Republic of Korea
| | - Sungmin Song
- KIST Gangneung Institute of Natural Products, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Gangneung 25451, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeon-Seong Lee
- KIST Gangneung Institute of Natural Products, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Gangneung 25451, Republic of Korea
| | - Tack-Joong Kim
- Department of YM-KIST Bio-Health Convergence, Yonsei University, Wonju 26593, Republic of Korea
| | - Hak Cheol Kwon
- KIST Gangneung Institute of Natural Products, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Gangneung 25451, Republic of Korea
- Department of YM-KIST Bio-Health Convergence, Yonsei University, Wonju 26593, Republic of Korea
| | - Keunwan Park
- KIST Gangneung Institute of Natural Products, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Gangneung 25451, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki Sung Kang
- College of Korean Medicine, Gachon University, Seongnam 13120, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaeyoung Kwon
- KIST Gangneung Institute of Natural Products, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Gangneung 25451, Republic of Korea
- Division of Bio-Medical Science and Technology, KIST School, University of Science and Technology (UST), Gangneung 25451, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Peifer-Weiß L, Al-Hasani H, Chadt A. AMPK and Beyond: The Signaling Network Controlling RabGAPs and Contraction-Mediated Glucose Uptake in Skeletal Muscle. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:1910. [PMID: 38339185 PMCID: PMC10855711 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25031910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Revised: 01/26/2024] [Accepted: 01/27/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Impaired skeletal muscle glucose uptake is a key feature in the development of insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes. Skeletal muscle glucose uptake can be enhanced by a variety of different stimuli, including insulin and contraction as the most prominent. In contrast to the clearance of glucose from the bloodstream in response to insulin stimulation, exercise-induced glucose uptake into skeletal muscle is unaffected during the progression of insulin resistance, placing physical activity at the center of prevention and treatment of metabolic diseases. The two Rab GTPase-activating proteins (RabGAPs), TBC1D1 and TBC1D4, represent critical nodes at the convergence of insulin- and exercise-stimulated signaling pathways, as phosphorylation of the two closely related signaling factors leads to enhanced translocation of glucose transporter 4 (GLUT4) to the plasma membrane, resulting in increased cellular glucose uptake. However, the full network of intracellular signaling pathways that control exercise-induced glucose uptake and that overlap with the insulin-stimulated pathway upstream of the RabGAPs is not fully understood. In this review, we discuss the current state of knowledge on exercise- and insulin-regulated kinases as well as hypoxia as stimulus that may be involved in the regulation of skeletal muscle glucose uptake.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Leon Peifer-Weiß
- Institute for Clinical Biochemistry and Pathobiochemistry, German Diabetes Center (DDZ), Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University, Medical Faculty, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany; (L.P.-W.); (H.A.-H.)
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD e.V.), Partner Düsseldorf, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Hadi Al-Hasani
- Institute for Clinical Biochemistry and Pathobiochemistry, German Diabetes Center (DDZ), Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University, Medical Faculty, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany; (L.P.-W.); (H.A.-H.)
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD e.V.), Partner Düsseldorf, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Alexandra Chadt
- Institute for Clinical Biochemistry and Pathobiochemistry, German Diabetes Center (DDZ), Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University, Medical Faculty, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany; (L.P.-W.); (H.A.-H.)
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD e.V.), Partner Düsseldorf, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Kim SY, Park SY, Kim JE. GULP1 deficiency reduces adipogenesis and glucose uptake via downregulation of PPAR signaling and disturbing of insulin/ERK signaling in 3T3-L1 cells. J Cell Physiol 2024; 239:e31173. [PMID: 38214103 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.31173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2023] [Revised: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2024]
Abstract
Obesity and metabolic disorders caused by alterations in lipid metabolism are major health issues in developed, affluent societies. Adipose tissue is the only organ that stores lipids and prevents lipotoxicity in other organs. Mature adipocytes can affect themselves and distant metabolism-related tissues by producing various adipokines, including adiponectin and leptin. The engulfment adaptor phosphotyrosine-binding domain-containing 1 (GULP1) regulates intracellular trafficking of glycosphingolipids and cholesterol, suggesting its close association with lipid metabolism. However, the role of GULP1 in adipocytes remains unknown. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the function of GULP1 in adipogenesis, glucose uptake, and the insulin signaling pathway in adipocytes. A 3T3-L1 cell line with Gulp1 knockdown (shGulp1) and a 3T3-L1 control group (U6) were established. Changes in shGulp1 cells due to GULP1 deficiency were examined and compared to those in U6 cells using microarray analysis. Glucose uptake was monitored via insulin stimulation in shGulp1 and U6 cells using a 2-NBDG glucose uptake assay, and the insulin signaling pathway was investigated by western blot analysis. Adipogenesis was significantly delayed, lipid metabolism was altered, and several adipogenesis-related genes were downregulated in shGulp1 cells compared to those in U6 cells. Microarray analysis revealed significant inhibition of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor signaling in shGulp1 cells compared with U6 cells. The production and secretion of adiponectin as well as the expression of adiponectin receptor were decreased in shGulp1 cells. In particular, compared with U6 cells, glucose uptake via insulin stimulation was significantly decreased in shGulp1 cells through the disturbance of ERK1/2 phosphorylation. This is the first study to identify the role of GULP1 in adipogenesis and insulin-stimulated glucose uptake by adipocytes, thereby providing new insights into the differentiation and functions of adipocytes and the metabolism of lipids and glucose, which can help better understand metabolic diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Soon-Young Kim
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Cell and Matrix Research Institute, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Yoon Park
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Dongguk University, Gyeongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung-Eun Kim
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Cell and Matrix Research Institute, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biomedical Science, BK21 Four KNU Convergence Educational Program of Biomedical Sciences for Creative Future Talents, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Ham S, Mukaida S, Sato M, Keov P, Bengtsson T, Furness S, Holliday ND, Evans BA, Summers RJ, Hutchinson DS. Role of G protein-coupled receptor kinases (GRKs) in β 2 -adrenoceptor-mediated glucose uptake. Pharmacol Res Perspect 2024; 12:e1176. [PMID: 38332691 PMCID: PMC10853676 DOI: 10.1002/prp2.1176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Revised: 12/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Truncation of the C-terminal tail of the β2 -AR, transfection of βARKct or over-expression of a kinase-dead GRK mutant reduces isoprenaline-stimulated glucose uptake, indicating that GRK is important for this response. We explored whether phosphorylation of the β2 -AR by GRK2 has a role in glucose uptake or if this response is related to the role of GRK2 as a scaffolding protein. CHO-GLUT4myc cells expressing wild-type and mutant β2 -ARs were generated and receptor affinity for [3 H]-CGP12177A and density of binding sites determined together with the affinity of isoprenaline and BRL37344. Following receptor activation by β2 -AR agonists, cAMP accumulation, GLUT4 translocation, [3 H]-2-deoxyglucose uptake, and β2 -AR internalization were measured. Bioluminescence resonance energy transfer was used to investigate interactions between β2 -AR and β-arrestin2 or between β2 -AR and GRK2. Glucose uptake after siRNA knockdown or GRK inhibitors was measured in response to β2 -AR agonists. BRL37344 was a poor partial agonist for cAMP generation but displayed similar potency and efficacy to isoprenaline for glucose uptake and GLUT4 translocation. These responses to β2 -AR agonists occurred in CHO-GLUT4myc cells expressing β2 -ARs lacking GRK or GRK/PKA phosphorylation sites as well as in cells expressing the wild-type β2 -AR. However, β2 -ARs lacking phosphorylation sites failed to recruit β-arrestin2 and did not internalize. GRK2 knock-down or GRK2 inhibitors decreased isoprenaline-stimulated glucose uptake in rat L6 skeletal muscle cells. Thus, GRK phosphorylation of the β2 -AR is not associated with isoprenaline- or BRL37344-stimulated glucose uptake. However, GRKs acting as scaffold proteins are important for glucose uptake as GRK2 knock-down or GRK2 inhibition reduces isoprenaline-stimulated glucose uptake.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Seungmin Ham
- Drug Discovery BiologyMonash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash UniversityParkvilleVictoriaAustralia
| | - Saori Mukaida
- Drug Discovery BiologyMonash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash UniversityParkvilleVictoriaAustralia
| | - Masaaki Sato
- Drug Discovery BiologyMonash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash UniversityParkvilleVictoriaAustralia
| | - Peter Keov
- Drug Discovery BiologyMonash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash UniversityParkvilleVictoriaAustralia
| | - Tore Bengtsson
- Atrogi ABStockholmSweden
- Department of Molecular BiosciencesThe Wenner‐Gren Institute, Stockholm UniversityStockholmSweden
| | - Sebastian Furness
- Drug Discovery BiologyMonash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash UniversityParkvilleVictoriaAustralia
| | - Nicholas D. Holliday
- School of Life Sciences, The Medical School, Queen's Medical CentreUniversity of NottinghamNottinghamUK
- Excellerate Bioscience, BiocityNottinghamUK
| | - Bronwyn A. Evans
- Drug Discovery BiologyMonash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash UniversityParkvilleVictoriaAustralia
| | - Roger J. Summers
- Drug Discovery BiologyMonash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash UniversityParkvilleVictoriaAustralia
| | - Dana S. Hutchinson
- Drug Discovery BiologyMonash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash UniversityParkvilleVictoriaAustralia
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Qasem B, Dąbrowska A, Króliczewski J, Łyczko J, Marycz K. Trodusquemine (MSI-1436) Restores Metabolic Flexibility and Mitochondrial Dynamics in Insulin-Resistant Equine Hepatic Progenitor Cells (HPCs). Cells 2024; 13:152. [PMID: 38247843 PMCID: PMC10814577 DOI: 10.3390/cells13020152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2023] [Revised: 12/31/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Equine metabolic syndrome (EMS) is a significant global health concern in veterinary medicine. There is increasing interest in utilizing molecular agents to modulate hepatocyte function for potential clinical applications. Recent studies have shown promising results in inhibiting protein tyrosine phosphatase (PTP1B) to maintain cell function in various models. In this study, we investigated the effects of the inhibitor Trodusquemine (MSI-1436) on equine hepatic progenitor cells (HPCs) under lipotoxic conditions. We examined proliferative activity, glucose uptake, and mitochondrial morphogenesis. Our study found that MSI-1436 promotes HPC entry into the cell cycle and protects them from palmitate-induced apoptosis by regulating mitochondrial dynamics and biogenesis. MSI-1436 also increases glucose uptake and protects HPCs from palmitate-induced stress by reorganizing the cells' morphological architecture. Furthermore, our findings suggest that MSI-1436 enhances 2-NBDG uptake by increasing the expression of SIRT1, which is associated with liver insulin sensitivity. It also promotes mitochondrial dynamics by modulating mitochondria quantity and morphotype as well as increasing the expression of PINK1, MFN1, and MFN2. Our study provides evidence that MSI-1436 has a positive impact on equine hepatic progenitor cells, indicating its potential therapeutic value in treating EMS and insulin dysregulation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Badr Qasem
- Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Biology and Animal Science, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Norwida 27B, 50-375 Wrocław, Poland; (B.Q.); (A.D.); (J.K.)
| | - Agnieszka Dąbrowska
- Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Biology and Animal Science, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Norwida 27B, 50-375 Wrocław, Poland; (B.Q.); (A.D.); (J.K.)
| | - Jarosław Króliczewski
- Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Biology and Animal Science, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Norwida 27B, 50-375 Wrocław, Poland; (B.Q.); (A.D.); (J.K.)
| | - Jacek Łyczko
- Department of Food Chemistry and Biocatalysis, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, 50-375 Wrocław, Poland;
| | - Krzysztof Marycz
- Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Biology and Animal Science, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Norwida 27B, 50-375 Wrocław, Poland; (B.Q.); (A.D.); (J.K.)
- Department of Medicine and Epidemiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA 95516, USA
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Li X, Hu S, Cai Y, Liu X, Luo J, Wu T. Revving the engine: PKB/AKT as a key regulator of cellular glucose metabolism. Front Physiol 2024; 14:1320964. [PMID: 38264327 PMCID: PMC10804622 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2023.1320964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Glucose metabolism is of critical importance for cell growth and proliferation, the disorders of which have been widely implicated in cancer progression. Glucose uptake is achieved differently by normal cells and cancer cells. Even in an aerobic environment, cancer cells tend to undergo metabolism through glycolysis rather than the oxidative phosphorylation pathway. Disordered metabolic syndrome is characterized by elevated levels of metabolites that can cause changes in the tumor microenvironment, thereby promoting tumor recurrence and metastasis. The activation of glycolysis-related proteins and transcription factors is involved in the regulation of cellular glucose metabolism. Changes in glucose metabolism activity are closely related to activation of protein kinase B (PKB/AKT). This review discusses recent findings on the regulation of glucose metabolism by AKT in tumors. Furthermore, the review summarizes the potential importance of AKT in the regulation of each process throughout glucose metabolism to provide a theoretical basis for AKT as a target for cancers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xia Li
- General Practice Medical Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Shuying Hu
- General Practice Medical Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yaoting Cai
- General Practice Medical Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xuelian Liu
- General Practice Medical Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jing Luo
- General Practice Medical Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Tao Wu
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
El Abdellaoui Soussi F, Durumutla HB, Latimer H, Prabakaran AD, McFarland K, Miz K, Piczer K, Werbrich C, Jain MK, Haldar SM, Quattrocelli M. Light-phase prednisone promotes glucose oxidation in heart through novel transactivation targets of cardiomyocyte-specific GR and KLF15. bioRxiv 2023:2023.12.18.572210. [PMID: 38187555 PMCID: PMC10769285 DOI: 10.1101/2023.12.18.572210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2024]
Abstract
Circadian time of intake determines the cardioprotective outcome of glucocorticoids in normal and infarcted hearts. The cardiomyocyte-specific glucocorticoid receptor (GR) is genetically required to preserve normal heart function in the long-term. The GR co-factor KLF15 is a pleiotropic regulator of cardiac metabolism. However, the cardiomyocyte-autonomous metabolic targets of the GR-KLF15 concerted epigenetic action remain undefined. Here we report that circadian time of intake determines the activation of a transcriptional and functional glucose oxidation program in heart by the glucocorticoid prednisone with comparable magnitude between sexes. We overlayed transcriptomics, epigenomics and cardiomyocyte-specific inducible ablation of either GR or KLF15. Downstream of a light-phase prednisone stimulation in mice, we found that both factors are non-redundantly required in heart to transactivate the adiponectin receptor expression (Adipor1) and promote insulin-stimulated glucose uptake, as well as transactivate the mitochondrial pyruvate complex expression (Mpc1/2) and promote pyruvate oxidation. We then challenged this time-specific drug effect in obese diabetic db/db mice, where the heart shows insulin resistance and defective glucose oxidation. Opposite to dark-phase dosing, light-phase prednisone rescued glucose oxidation in db/db cardiomyocytes and diastolic function in db/db hearts towards control-like levels with sex-independent magnitude of effect. In summary, our study identifies novel cardiomyocyte-autonomous metabolic targets of the GR-KLF15 concerted program mediating the time-specific cardioprotective effects of glucocorticoids on cardiomyocyte glucose utilization.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fadoua El Abdellaoui Soussi
- Molecular Cardiovascular Biology, Heart Institute, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center and Dept. Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Hima Bindu Durumutla
- Molecular Cardiovascular Biology, Heart Institute, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center and Dept. Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Hannah Latimer
- Molecular Cardiovascular Biology, Heart Institute, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center and Dept. Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Ashok Daniel Prabakaran
- Molecular Cardiovascular Biology, Heart Institute, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center and Dept. Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Kevin McFarland
- Molecular Cardiovascular Biology, Heart Institute, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center and Dept. Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Karen Miz
- Molecular Cardiovascular Biology, Heart Institute, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center and Dept. Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Kevin Piczer
- Molecular Cardiovascular Biology, Heart Institute, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center and Dept. Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Cole Werbrich
- Molecular Cardiovascular Biology, Heart Institute, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center and Dept. Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Mukesh K Jain
- Dept Cell Biology and Biochemistry, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Saptarsi M Haldar
- Amgen Research, South San Francisco, CA, USA; Gladstone Institutes, San Francisco, CA, USA and Dept Medicine, Cardiology Division, UCSF, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Mattia Quattrocelli
- Molecular Cardiovascular Biology, Heart Institute, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center and Dept. Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Hwang J, Balakrishnan R, Oh E, Veluthakal R, Thurmond DC. A Novel Role for DOC2B in Ameliorating Palmitate-Induced Glucose Uptake Dysfunction in Skeletal Muscle Cells via a Mechanism Involving β-AR Agonism and Cofilin. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 25:137. [PMID: 38203312 PMCID: PMC10779393 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25010137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2023] [Revised: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Diet-related lipotoxic stress is a significant driver of skeletal muscle insulin resistance (IR) and type 2 diabetes (T2D) onset. β2-adrenergic receptor (β-AR) agonism promotes insulin sensitivity in vivo under lipotoxic stress conditions. Here, we established an in vitro paradigm of lipotoxic stress using palmitate (Palm) in rat skeletal muscle cells to determine if β-AR agonism could cooperate with double C-2-like domain beta (DOC2B) enrichment to promote skeletal muscle insulin sensitivity under Palm-stress conditions. Previously, human T2D skeletal muscles were shown to be deficient for DOC2B, and DOC2B enrichment resisted IR in vivo. Our Palm-stress paradigm induced IR and β-AR resistance, reduced DOC2B protein levels, triggered cytoskeletal cofilin phosphorylation, and reduced GLUT4 translocation to the plasma membrane (PM). By enhancing DOC2B levels in rat skeletal muscle, we showed that the deleterious effects of palmitate exposure upon cofilin, insulin, and β-AR-stimulated GLUT4 trafficking to the PM and glucose uptake were preventable. In conclusion, we revealed a useful in vitro paradigm of Palm-induced stress to test for factors that can prevent/reverse skeletal muscle dysfunctions related to obesity/pre-T2D. Discerning strategies to enrich DOC2B and promote β-AR agonism can resist skeletal muscle IR and halt progression to T2D.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jinhee Hwang
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology, Arthur Riggs Diabetes and Metabolism Research Institute, Beckman Research Institute at City of Hope, Duarte, CA 91010, USA; (J.H.); (R.B.); (E.O.); (R.V.)
- Department of Food and Biotechnology, College of Science and Technology, Korea University, Sejong 30019, Republic of Korea
| | - Rekha Balakrishnan
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology, Arthur Riggs Diabetes and Metabolism Research Institute, Beckman Research Institute at City of Hope, Duarte, CA 91010, USA; (J.H.); (R.B.); (E.O.); (R.V.)
| | - Eunjin Oh
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology, Arthur Riggs Diabetes and Metabolism Research Institute, Beckman Research Institute at City of Hope, Duarte, CA 91010, USA; (J.H.); (R.B.); (E.O.); (R.V.)
| | - Rajakrishnan Veluthakal
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology, Arthur Riggs Diabetes and Metabolism Research Institute, Beckman Research Institute at City of Hope, Duarte, CA 91010, USA; (J.H.); (R.B.); (E.O.); (R.V.)
| | - Debbie C. Thurmond
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology, Arthur Riggs Diabetes and Metabolism Research Institute, Beckman Research Institute at City of Hope, Duarte, CA 91010, USA; (J.H.); (R.B.); (E.O.); (R.V.)
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Takeuchi N, Higashida K, Nakai N. Inhibition of the mitochondrial respiratory chain reduces catecholamine‑stimulated lipolysis via increasing lactate production in 3T3‑L1 adipocytes. Mol Med Rep 2023; 28:229. [PMID: 37859599 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2023.13116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Adipose tissue serves a significant role in the regulation of energy metabolism in the body. The re‑esterification of the fatty acids generated during lipolysis is critical for efficient lipolysis. However, the effect of the intracellular energy state on lipolytic activity and fatty acid re‑esterification during lipolysis is not yet fully understood. The present study aimed to assess the effect of the intracellular energy state on lipolytic activity and fatty acid re‑esterification during lipolysis. 3T3‑L1 adipocytes were incubated with mitochondrial respiratory chain inhibitors, oligomycin A or rotenone, during isoproterenol stimulation; and glycerol, glucose and lactate concentrations in the medium were measured. Western blot analysis was performed to examine the phosphorylation levels of cAMP‑dependent protein kinase A (PKA). The results showed that inhibition of mitochondrial ATP synthesis decreased catecholamine‑stimulated lipolysis without affecting PKA signaling. The inhibition of mitochondrial respiration increased glucose uptake and lactate production, indicating that a large amount of glucose taken up into the cell was preferentially used for ATP production rather than for re‑esterification. In conclusion, the results of the present study suggested that the energy state during lipolysis may influence lipolytic activity by suppressing fatty acid re‑esterification.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nodoka Takeuchi
- Laboratory of Exercise Nutrition, Department of Nutrition, University of Shiga Prefecture, Hikone, Shiga 522‑8533, Japan
| | - Kazuhiko Higashida
- Laboratory of Exercise Nutrition, Department of Nutrition, University of Shiga Prefecture, Hikone, Shiga 522‑8533, Japan
| | - Naoya Nakai
- Laboratory of Exercise Nutrition, Department of Nutrition, University of Shiga Prefecture, Hikone, Shiga 522‑8533, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Goli AS, Sato VH, Sato H, Chewchinda S, Leanpolchareanchai J, Nontakham J, Yahuafai J, Thilavech T, Meesawatsom P, Maitree M. Antihyperglycemic effects of Lysiphyllum strychnifolium leaf extract in vitro and in vivo. Pharm Biol 2023; 61:189-200. [PMID: 36625086 PMCID: PMC9848344 DOI: 10.1080/13880209.2022.2160771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Revised: 11/05/2022] [Accepted: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Lysiphyllum strychnifolium (Craib) A. Schmitz (LS) (Fabaceae) has traditionally been used to treat diabetes mellitus. OBJECTIVE This study demonstrates the antidiabetic and antioxidant effects of aqueous extract of LS leaves in vivo and in vitro. MATERIALS AND METHODS The effects of aqueous LS leaf extract on glucose uptake, sodium-dependent glucose cotransporter 1 (SGLT1) and glucose transporter 2 (GLUT2) mRNA expression in Caco-2 cells, α-glucosidase, and lipid peroxidation were evaluated in vitro. The antidiabetic effects were evaluated using an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) and a 28-day consecutive administration to streptozotocin (STZ)-nicotinamide (NA)-induced type 2 diabetic mice. RESULTS The extract significantly inhibited glucose uptake (IC50: 236.2 ± 36.05 µg/mL) and downregulated SGLT1 and GLUT2 mRNA expression by approximately 90% in Caco-2 cells. Furthermore, it non-competitively inhibited α-glucosidase in a concentration-dependent manner with the IC50 and Ki of 6.52 ± 0.42 and 1.32 µg/mL, respectively. The extract at 1000 mg/kg significantly reduced fasting blood glucose levels in both the OGTT and 28-day consecutive administration models as compared with untreated STZ-NA-induced diabetic mice (p < 0.05). Significant improvements of serum insulin, homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), and GLUT4 levels were observed. Furthermore, the extract markedly decreased oxidative stress markers by 37-53% reduction of superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1) in muscle and malondialdehyde (MDA) in muscle and pancreas, which correlated with the reduction of MDA production in vitro (IC50: 24.80 ± 7.24 µg/mL). CONCLUSION The LS extract has potent antihyperglycemic activity to be used as alternative medicine to treat diabetes mellitus.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Arman Syah Goli
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mahidol University, Thailand
| | - Vilasinee Hirunpanich Sato
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mahidol University, Thailand
- Center of Biopharmaceutical Science for Healthy Ageing, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Hitoshi Sato
- Division of Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics, Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Therapeutics, School of Pharmacy, Showa University, Japan
| | - Savita Chewchinda
- Department of Food Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mahidol University, Thailand
| | | | - Jannarin Nontakham
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mahidol University, Thailand
- Clinical Research Section, Division of Research and Academic Support, National Cancer Institute, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Jantana Yahuafai
- Clinical Research Section, Division of Research and Academic Support, National Cancer Institute, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Thavaree Thilavech
- Department of Food Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mahidol University, Thailand
| | - Pongsatorn Meesawatsom
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mahidol University, Thailand
- Center of Biopharmaceutical Science for Healthy Ageing, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Metawee Maitree
- Department of Food Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mahidol University, Thailand
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Gamwell JM, Paphiti K, Hodson L, Karpe F, Pinnick KE, Todorčević M. An optimised protocol for the investigation of insulin signalling in a human cell culture model of adipogenesis. Adipocyte 2023; 12:2179339. [PMID: 36763512 PMCID: PMC9980465 DOI: 10.1080/21623945.2023.2179339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2022] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023] Open
Abstract
While there is no standardized protocol for the differentiation of human adipocytes in culture, common themes exist in the use of supra-physiological glucose and hormone concentrations, and an absence of exogenous fatty acids. These factors can have detrimental effects on some aspects of adipogenesis and adipocyte function. Here, we present methods for modifying the adipogenic differentiation protocol to overcome impaired glucose uptake and insulin signalling in human adipose-derived stem cell lines derived from the stromal vascular fraction of abdominal and gluteal subcutaneous adipose tissue. By reducing the length of exposure to adipogenic hormones, in combination with a physiological glucose concentration (5 mM), and the provision of exogenous fatty acids (reflecting typical dietary fatty acids), we were able to restore early insulin signalling events and glucose uptake, which were impaired by extended use of hormones and a high glucose concentration, respectively. Furthermore, the addition of exogenous fatty acids greatly increased the storage of triglycerides and removed the artificial demand to synthesize all fatty acids by de novo lipogenesis. Thus, modifying the adipogenic cocktail can enhance functional aspects of human adipocytes in vitro and is an important variable to consider prior to in vitro investigations into adipocyte biology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan M. Gamwell
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Churchill Hospital, Headington, UK
| | - Keanu Paphiti
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Churchill Hospital, Headington, UK
| | - Leanne Hodson
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Churchill Hospital, Headington, UK
- NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, OUH Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK
| | - Fredrik Karpe
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Churchill Hospital, Headington, UK
- NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, OUH Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK
| | - Katherine E. Pinnick
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Churchill Hospital, Headington, UK
| | - Marijana Todorčević
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Churchill Hospital, Headington, UK
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Chae HS, Cantrell CL, Khan IA, Jarret RL, Khan SI. Capsiate-Rich Fraction of Capsicum annuum Induces Muscular Glucose Uptake, Ameliorates Rosiglitazone-Induced Adipogenesis, and Exhibits Activation of NRs Regulating Multiple Signaling Pathways. J Agric Food Chem 2023; 71:18395-18404. [PMID: 37972244 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c06148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
Capsiate is a key ingredient in the fruits of a nonpungent cultivar of Capsicum annuum. We investigated the effects of a C. annuum extract (CE) and a capsiate-rich fraction of CE (CR) on nuclear receptors involved in multiple signaling pathways, glucose uptake, and adipogenesis in comparison to pure capsiate (Ca). Similar to the effect of Ca (100 μM), CE (500 μg/mL) and CR (100 μg/mL) caused the activation of PPARα and PPARγ (>3-fold), while CR also activated LXR and NRF2 (>2 fold). CR (200 μg/mL) and Ca (100 μM) decreased lipid accumulation (22.6 ± 14.1 and 49.7 ± 7.3%, respectively) in adipocytes and increased glucose uptake (44.7 ± 6.2 and 30.1 ± 12.2%, respectively) in muscle cells and inhibited the adipogenic effect induced by rosiglitazone by 41.2 ± 5.6 and 13.9 ± 4.3%, respectively. This is the first report to reveal the agonistic action of CR and Ca on multiple nuclear receptors along with their enhanced glucose uptake and antiadipogenic effects. The results indicate the potential utility of the capsiate-rich fraction of C. annuum in alleviating the symptoms of metabolic syndrome and in preventing the undesired adipogenic effects of full PPARγ agonists such as rosiglitazone.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hee-Sung Chae
- National Center for Natural Products Research, School of Pharmacy, The University of Mississippi, University, Mississippi 38677, United States
| | - Charles L Cantrell
- Natural Products Utilization Research Unit, Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, University, Mississippi 38677, United States
| | - Ikhlas A Khan
- National Center for Natural Products Research, School of Pharmacy, The University of Mississippi, University, Mississippi 38677, United States
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, School of Pharmacy, The University of Mississippi, University, Mississippi 38677, United States
| | - Robert L Jarret
- Plant Genetic Resources Unit, USDA-ARS, 1109 Experiment Street, Griffin, Georgia 30223, United States
| | - Shabana I Khan
- National Center for Natural Products Research, School of Pharmacy, The University of Mississippi, University, Mississippi 38677, United States
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, School of Pharmacy, The University of Mississippi, University, Mississippi 38677, United States
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Dwaib HS, Michel MC. Is the β 3-Adrenoceptor a Valid Target for the Treatment of Obesity and/or Type 2 Diabetes? Biomolecules 2023; 13:1714. [PMID: 38136585 PMCID: PMC10742325 DOI: 10.3390/biom13121714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Revised: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 11/25/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
β3-Adrenoceptors mediate several functions in rodents that could be beneficial for the treatment of obesity and type 2 diabetes. This includes promotion of insulin release from the pancreas, cellular glucose uptake, lipolysis, and thermogenesis in brown adipose tissue. In combination, they lead to a reduction of body weight in several rodent models including ob/ob mice and Zucker diabetic fatty rats. These findings stimulated drug development programs in various pharmaceutical companies, and at least nine β3-adrenoceptor agonists have been tested in clinical trials. However, all of these projects were discontinued due to the lack of clinically relevant changes in body weight. Following a concise historical account of discoveries leading to such drug development programs we discuss species differences that explain why β3-adrenoceptors are not a meaningful drug target for the treatment of obesity and type 2 diabetes in humans.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Haneen S. Dwaib
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, Palestine Ahliya University, Bethlehem P.O. Box 1041, Palestine;
| | - Martin C. Michel
- Department of Pharmacology, University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg University, Langenbeckstr. 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Manzano M, Girón MD, Salto R, Burgio C, Reinoso A, Cabrera E, Rueda R, López-Pedrosa JM. Arginine and Lysine Supplementation Potentiates the Beneficial β-Hydroxy ß-Methyl Butyrate (HMB) Effects on Skeletal Muscle in a Rat Model of Diabetes. Nutrients 2023; 15:4706. [PMID: 38004100 PMCID: PMC10674618 DOI: 10.3390/nu15224706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Revised: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 11/04/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Skeletal muscle is the key tissue for maintaining protein and glucose homeostasis, having a profound impact on the development of diabetes. Diabetes causes deleterious changes in terms of loss of muscle mass, which will contribute to reduced glucose uptake and therefore progression of the disease. Nutritional approaches in diabetes have been directed to increase muscle glucose uptake, and improving protein turnover has been at least partially an oversight. In muscle, β-hydroxy β-methyl butyrate (HMB) promotes net protein synthesis, while arginine and lysine increase glucose uptake, albeit their effects on promoting protein synthesis are limited. This study evaluates if the combination of HMB, lysine, and arginine could prevent the loss of muscle mass and function, reducing the progression of diabetes. Therefore, the combination of these ingredients was tested in vitro and in vivo. In muscle cell cultures, the supplementation enhances glucose uptake and net protein synthesis due to an increase in the amount of GLUT4 transporter and stimulation of the insulin-dependent signaling pathway involving IRS-1 and Akt. In vivo, using a rat model of diabetes, the supplementation increases lean body mass and insulin sensitivity and decreases blood glucose and serum glycosylated hemoglobin. In treated animals, an increase in GLUT4, creatine kinase, and Akt phosphorylation was detected, demonstrating the synergic effects of the three ingredients. Our findings showed that nutritional formulations based on the combination of HMB, lysine, and arginine are effective, not only to control blood glucose levels but also to prevent skeletal muscle atrophy associated with the progression of diabetes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Manuel Manzano
- Abbott Nutrition R&D, E18004 Granada, Spain; (M.M.); (R.R.); (J.M.L.-P.)
| | - María D. Girón
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, School of Pharmacy, University of Granada, E18071 Granada, Spain; (M.D.G.); (C.B.); (A.R.); (E.C.)
| | - Rafael Salto
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, School of Pharmacy, University of Granada, E18071 Granada, Spain; (M.D.G.); (C.B.); (A.R.); (E.C.)
| | - Chiara Burgio
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, School of Pharmacy, University of Granada, E18071 Granada, Spain; (M.D.G.); (C.B.); (A.R.); (E.C.)
| | - Antonio Reinoso
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, School of Pharmacy, University of Granada, E18071 Granada, Spain; (M.D.G.); (C.B.); (A.R.); (E.C.)
| | - Elena Cabrera
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, School of Pharmacy, University of Granada, E18071 Granada, Spain; (M.D.G.); (C.B.); (A.R.); (E.C.)
| | - Ricardo Rueda
- Abbott Nutrition R&D, E18004 Granada, Spain; (M.M.); (R.R.); (J.M.L.-P.)
| | | |
Collapse
|
32
|
Göransson O, Kopietz F, Rider MH. Metabolic control by AMPK in white adipose tissue. Trends Endocrinol Metab 2023; 34:704-717. [PMID: 37673765 DOI: 10.1016/j.tem.2023.08.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2023] [Revised: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 08/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/08/2023]
Abstract
White adipose tissue (WAT) plays an important role in the integration of whole-body metabolism by storing fat and mobilizing triacylglycerol when needed. The released free fatty acids can then be oxidized by other tissues to provide ATP. AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) is a key regulator of metabolic pathways, and can be targeted by a new generation of direct, small-molecule activators. AMPK activation in WAT inhibits insulin-stimulated lipogenesis and in some situations also inhibits insulin-stimulated glucose uptake, but AMPK-induced inhibition of β-adrenergic agonist-stimulated lipolysis might need to be re-evaluated in vivo. The lack of dramatic effects of AMPK activation on basal metabolism in WAT could be advantageous when treating type 2 diabetes with pharmacological pan-AMPK activators.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Olga Göransson
- Lund University, Department of Experimental Medical Science, BMC, 221 84 Lund, Sweden.
| | - Franziska Kopietz
- Lund University, Department of Experimental Medical Science, BMC, 221 84 Lund, Sweden
| | - Mark H Rider
- Université catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain) and de Duve Institute, Avenue Hippocrate 75, 1200 Brussels, Belgium
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Li K, Wang M, Wang R, Wang X, Jiao H, Zhao J, Zhou Y, Li H, Lin H. Hydrogen Sulfide Regulates Glucose Uptake in Skeletal Muscles via S-Sulfhydration of AMPK in Muscle Fiber Type-Dependent Way. J Nutr 2023; 153:2878-2892. [PMID: 37611831 DOI: 10.1016/j.tjnut.2023.08.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Revised: 08/13/2023] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/25/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The effect of hydrogen sulfide (H2S) on glucose homeostasis remains to be elucidated, especially in the state of insulin resistance. OBJECTIVES In the present study, we aimed to investigate H2S-regulated glucose uptake in the M. pectoralis major (PM) muscle (which mainly consists of fast-twitch glycolytic fibers) and M. biceps femoris (BF) muscle (which mainly consists of slow-twitch oxidative fibers) of the chicken, a potential model of insulin resistance. METHODS Chicks were subjected to intraperitoneal injection of sodium hydrosulfide (NaHS, 50 μmol/kg body mass/day) twice a day to explore glucose homeostasis. In vitro, myoblasts from PM and BF muscles were used to detect glucose uptake and utilization. Effects of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) phosphorylation, AMPK S-sulfhydration, and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway induction by NaHS were detected. RESULTS NaHS enhanced glucose uptake and utilization in chicks (P < 0.05). In myoblasts from PM muscle, NaHS (100 μM) increased glucose uptake by activating AMPK S-sulfhydration, AMPK phosphorylation, and the AMPK/p38 MAPK pathway (P < 0.05). However, NaHS decreased glucose uptake in myoblasts from BF muscle by suppressing the p38 MAPK pathway (P < 0.05). Moreover, NaHS increased S-sulfhydration and, in turn, the phosphorylation of AMPK (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS This study reveals the role of H2S in enhancing glucose uptake and utilization in chicks. The results suggest that NaHS is involved in glucose uptake in skeletal muscle in a fiber type-dependent way. The AMPK/p38 pathway and protein S-sulfhydration promote glucose uptake in fast-twitch glycolytic muscle fibers, which provides a muscle fiber-specific potential therapeutic target to ameliorate glucose metabolism.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kelin Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, Key Laboratory of Efficient Utilization of Non-grain Feed Resources (Co-construction by Ministry and Province), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, China
| | - Minghui Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, Key Laboratory of Efficient Utilization of Non-grain Feed Resources (Co-construction by Ministry and Province), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, China
| | - Ruxia Wang
- Institute of Biological Resources, Jiangxi Academy of Sciences, Nanchang, China
| | - Xiaojuan Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, Key Laboratory of Efficient Utilization of Non-grain Feed Resources (Co-construction by Ministry and Province), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, China
| | - Hongchao Jiao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, Key Laboratory of Efficient Utilization of Non-grain Feed Resources (Co-construction by Ministry and Province), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, China
| | - Jingpeng Zhao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, Key Laboratory of Efficient Utilization of Non-grain Feed Resources (Co-construction by Ministry and Province), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, China
| | - Yunlei Zhou
- College of Chemistry and Material Science, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, China
| | - Haifang Li
- College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, China
| | - Hai Lin
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, Key Laboratory of Efficient Utilization of Non-grain Feed Resources (Co-construction by Ministry and Province), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, China.
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Shahu R, Kumar D, Ali A, Tungare K, Al-Anazi KM, Farah MA, Jobby R, Jha P. Unlocking the Therapeutic Potential of Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni: A Natural Antiglycating Agent and Non-Toxic Support for HDF Cell Health. Molecules 2023; 28:6797. [PMID: 37836640 PMCID: PMC10574660 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28196797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2023] [Revised: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Sugar carbonyl groups interact with protein amino groups, forming toxic components referred to as advanced glycation end products (AGEs). The glycation system (BSA, a model protein, and fructose) was incubated for five weeks at 37 °C in the presence and absence of Stevia leaf extract. The results indicated that the leaf extract (0.5 mg/mL) decreased the incidence of browning (70.84 ± 0.08%), fructosamine (67.27 ± 0.08%), and carbonyl content (64.04 ± 0.09%). Moreover, we observed an 81 ± 8.49% reduction in total AGEs. The inhibition of individual AGE (argpyrimidine, vesper lysine, and pentosidine) was ~80%. The decrease in the protein aggregation was observed with Congo red (46.88 ± 0.078%) and the Thioflavin T (31.25 ± 1.18%) methods in the presence of Stevia leaf extract. The repercussion of Stevia leaf extract on DNA glycation was examined using agarose gel electrophoresis, wherein the DNA damage was reversed in the presence of 1 mg/mL of leaf extract. When the HDF cell line was treated with 0.5 mg/mL of extract, the viability of cells decreased by only ~20% along with the same cytokine IL-10 production, and glucose uptake decreased by 28 ± 1.90% compared to the control. In conclusion, Stevia extract emerges as a promising natural agent for mitigating glycation-associated challenges, holding potential for novel therapeutic interventions and enhanced management of its related conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rinkey Shahu
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University Maharashtra, Mumbai–Pune Expressway, Bhatan, Panvel, Mumbai 410206, Maharashtra, India (R.J.)
- Amity Centre of Excellence in Astrobiology, Amity University Maharashtra, Mumbai–Pune Expressway, Bhatan, Panvel, Mumbai 410206, Maharashtra, India
| | - Dinesh Kumar
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Mumbai, Vidyanagari, Santacruz (East), Mumbai 400098, Maharashtra, India; (D.K.); (A.A.)
| | - Ahmad Ali
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Mumbai, Vidyanagari, Santacruz (East), Mumbai 400098, Maharashtra, India; (D.K.); (A.A.)
| | - Kanchanlata Tungare
- School of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, D. Y. Patil Deemed to Be University, Plot No. 50, Sector 15, CBD Belapur, Navi Mumbai 400614, Maharashtra, India
| | - Khalid Mashay Al-Anazi
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (K.M.A.-A.); (M.A.F.)
| | - Mohammad Abul Farah
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (K.M.A.-A.); (M.A.F.)
| | - Renitta Jobby
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University Maharashtra, Mumbai–Pune Expressway, Bhatan, Panvel, Mumbai 410206, Maharashtra, India (R.J.)
- Amity Centre of Excellence in Astrobiology, Amity University Maharashtra, Mumbai–Pune Expressway, Bhatan, Panvel, Mumbai 410206, Maharashtra, India
| | - Pamela Jha
- Department of Biological Sciences, Sunandan Divatia School of Science, NMIMS Deemed to Be University, Vile Parle (West), Mumbai 400056, Maharashtra, India
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Sato VH, Chewchinda S, Goli AS, Sato H, Nontakham J, Vongsak B. Oral Glucose Tolerance Test (OGTT) Evidence for the Postprandial Anti-Hyperglycemic Property of Salacca zalacca (Gaertn.) Voss Seed Extract. Molecules 2023; 28:6775. [PMID: 37836618 PMCID: PMC10574354 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28196775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2023] [Revised: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Salak seed extract (Salacca zalacca) is known for its high antioxidant content and low caffeine levels, making it a promising candidate for the development of value-added health products. However, there is a lack of scientific evidence for its anti-hyperglycemic effects. To address this, we investigated the in vitro and in vivo anti-hyperglycemic and antioxidant effects of salak seed extract. The HPLC chromatogram of salak seed extract shows a prominent peak that corresponds to chlorogenic acid. In vitro studies revealed that salak seeds inhibited α-glucosidase activity and glucose uptake in Caco-2 cells in a concentration-dependent manner, while also exhibiting antioxidant properties. The extract exhibits a non-competitive inhibition on α-glucosidase activity, with an IC50 and Ki of 16.28 ± 7.22 and 24.81 μg/mL, respectively. In vivo studies utilizing streptozotocin-nicotinamide-induced diabetic mice showed that the extract significantly reduced fasting blood glucose (FBG) levels in the oral glucose tolerance test. Continuous administration of the salak seed extract resulted in lower FBG levels by 13.8% as compared with untreated diabetic mice, although this change was not statistically significant. The estimated LD50 value of salak seed extract exceeds 2000 mg/kg, and no toxicity symptoms have been detected. Our research supports that salak seed extract has the potential to serve as a functional food or supplement that may be beneficial in reducing postprandial hyperglycemia among people with type 2 diabetes. This effect was explained by the salak's inhibitory mechanisms of glucose absorption due to inhibition of both α-glucosidase activity and intestinal glucose uptake, coupled with its antioxidant effects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vilasinee Hirunpanich Sato
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand; (V.H.S.); (A.S.G.)
| | - Savita Chewchinda
- Department of Food Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand;
| | - Arman Syah Goli
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand; (V.H.S.); (A.S.G.)
| | - Hitoshi Sato
- Division of Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics, Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Therapeutics, School of Pharmacy, Showa University, Tokyo 142-855, Japan;
| | - Jannarin Nontakham
- Clinical Research Section, Division of Research and Academic Support, National Cancer Institute, Bangkok 10400, Thailand;
| | - Boonyadist Vongsak
- Pharmaceutical Innovations of Natural Products Unit (PhInNat), Burapha University, Chonburi 20131, Thailand
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Burapha University, Chonburi 20131, Thailand
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Uryash A, Umlas J, Mijares A, Adams JA, Lopez JR. Enhancing Muscle Intracellular Ca 2+ Homeostasis and Glucose Uptake: Passive Pulsatile Shear Stress Treatment in Type 2 Diabetes. Biomedicines 2023; 11:2596. [PMID: 37892970 PMCID: PMC10604129 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11102596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2023] [Revised: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D) is a significant global public health problem that has seen a substantial increase in the number of affected individuals in recent decades. In a murine model of T2D (db/db), we found several abnormalities, including aberrant intracellular calcium concentration ([Ca2+]i), decreased glucose transport, increased production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), elevated levels of pro-inflammatory interleukins and creatine phosphokinase (CK), and muscle weakness. Previously, we demonstrated that passive pulsatile shear stress, generated by sinusoidal (headward-forward) motion, using a motion platform that provides periodic acceleration of the whole body in the Z plane (pGz), induces the synthesis of nitric oxide (NO) mediated by constitutive nitric oxide synthase (eNOS and nNOS). We investigated the effect of pGz on db/db a rodent model of T2D. The treatment of db/db mice with pGz resulted in several beneficial effects. It reduced [Ca2+]i overload; enhanced muscle glucose transport; and decreased ROS levels, interleukins, and CK. Furthermore, pGz treatment increased the expression of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS), phosphorylated eNOS (p-eNOS), and neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS); reduced inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS); and improved muscle strength. The cytoprotective effects of pGz appear to be mediated by NO, since pretreatment with L-NAME, a nonspecific NOS inhibitor, abolished the effects of pGz on [Ca2+]i and ROS production. Our findings suggest that a non-pharmacological strategy such as pGz has therapeutic potential as an adjunct treatment to T2D.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Arkady Uryash
- Division of Neonatology, Mount Sinai Medical Center, Miami, FL 33140, USA; (A.U.); (J.A.A.)
| | - Jordan Umlas
- Division of Neonatology, Mount Sinai Medical Center, Miami, FL 33140, USA; (A.U.); (J.A.A.)
| | - Alfredo Mijares
- Centro de Biofísica y Bioquímica, Instituto Venezolano de Investigaciones Científicas, Caracas 21827, Venezuela;
| | - Jose A. Adams
- Division of Neonatology, Mount Sinai Medical Center, Miami, FL 33140, USA; (A.U.); (J.A.A.)
| | - Jose R. Lopez
- Department of Research, Mount Sinai Medical Center, Miami Beach, FL 33140, USA
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Lui A, Patel RS, Krause-Hauch M, Sparks RP, Patel NA. Regulation of Human Sortilin Alternative Splicing by Glucagon-like Peptide-1 (GLP1) in Adipocytes. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:14324. [PMID: 37762628 PMCID: PMC10531797 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241814324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Revised: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disease with no cure. Adipose tissue is a major site of systemic insulin resistance. Sortilin is a central component of the glucose transporter -Glut4 storage vesicles (GSV) which translocate to the plasma membrane to uptake glucose from circulation. Here, using human adipocytes we demonstrate the presence of the alternatively spliced, truncated sortilin variant (Sort_T) whose expression is significantly increased in diabetic adipose tissue. Artificial-intelligence-based modeling, molecular dynamics, intrinsically disordered region analysis, and co-immunoprecipitation demonstrated association of Sort_T with Glut4 and decreased glucose uptake in adipocytes. The results show that glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP1) hormone decreases Sort_T. We deciphered the molecular mechanism underlying GLP1 regulation of alternative splicing of human sortilin. Using splicing minigenes and RNA-immunoprecipitation assays, the results show that GLP1 regulates Sort_T alternative splicing via the splice factor, TRA2B. We demonstrate that targeted antisense oligonucleotide morpholinos reduces Sort_T levels and improves glucose uptake in diabetic adipocytes. Thus, we demonstrate that GLP1 regulates alternative splicing of sortilin in human diabetic adipocytes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ashley Lui
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33612, USA; (A.L.); (M.K.-H.)
| | - Rekha S. Patel
- Research Service, James A. Haley Veterans Hospital, Tampa, FL 33612, USA; (R.S.P.); (R.P.S.)
| | - Meredith Krause-Hauch
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33612, USA; (A.L.); (M.K.-H.)
| | - Robert P. Sparks
- Research Service, James A. Haley Veterans Hospital, Tampa, FL 33612, USA; (R.S.P.); (R.P.S.)
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, UMass Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA 01655, USA
| | - Niketa A. Patel
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33612, USA; (A.L.); (M.K.-H.)
- Research Service, James A. Haley Veterans Hospital, Tampa, FL 33612, USA; (R.S.P.); (R.P.S.)
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Li DD, Luo X, Ying W, La Kim E, Hong J, Lee JH, Jung JH. Peroxisome Proliferator Activated Receptor-γ Agonistic Compounds from the Jellyfish-Derived Fungus Cladosporium oxysporum. Chem Biodivers 2023; 20:e202300851. [PMID: 37584103 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202300851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Revised: 08/11/2023] [Accepted: 08/11/2023] [Indexed: 08/17/2023]
Abstract
In our search for peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) agonists, five undescribed compounds, namely two acyclic diterpenes (1 and 2; cladopsol A and cladopsol B), two sesquiterpenes (3 and 4; cladopsol C and cladopsol D), and one C21-ecdysteroid (5; cladopsol E), and 15 known compounds were isolated from the jellyfish-derived fungus - Cladosporium oxysporum. The structures of the undescribed compounds were defined using UV, NMR, HR-ESI-MS, and electronic circular dichroism (ECD) spectroscopy and a modified Mosher's method. Luciferase reporter assay and docking analysis suggested that cladopsol B may function as a PPAR-γ partial agonist with a potential antidiabetic lead which may evade the side effects of full agonists. Moreover, cladopsol B stimulated glucose uptake in HepG2 cells with an efficacy comparable to that of rosiglitazone, but with less side effect induced by lipid accumulation in 3T3-L1 cells. Therefore, cladopsol B could serve as a molecular skeleton in a study of advanced antidiabetic lead with less side effect.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dan-Dan Li
- College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan, 46241, Republic of Korea
- Research Institute for Drug Development, Pusan National University, Busan, 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Xiaowei Luo
- Institute of Marine Drugs, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, 530200, P.R. China
| | - Wang Ying
- College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan, 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun La Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan, 46241, Republic of Korea
- Research Institute for Drug Development, Pusan National University, Busan, 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Jongki Hong
- College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Joon-Hee Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan, 46241, Republic of Korea
- Research Institute for Drug Development, Pusan National University, Busan, 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Jee H Jung
- College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan, 46241, Republic of Korea
- Research Institute for Drug Development, Pusan National University, Busan, 46241, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Grigorova N, Ivanova Z, Vachkova E, Petrova V, Penev T. DHA-Provoked Reduction in Adipogenesis and Glucose Uptake Could Be Mediated by Gps2 Upregulation in Immature 3T3-L1 Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:13325. [PMID: 37686130 PMCID: PMC10487817 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241713325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Revised: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/26/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The signaling pathway of fatty acids in the context of obesity is an extensively explored topic, yet their primary mechanism of action remains incompletely understood. This study aims to examine the effect of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) on some crucial aspects of adipogenesis in differentiating 3T3-L1 cells, using palmitic acid-treated (PA), standard differentiated, and undifferentiated adipocytes as controls. Employing 60 µM DHA or PA, 3T3-L1 preadipocytes were treated from the onset of adipogenesis, with negative and positive controls included. After eight days, we performed microscopic observations, cell viability assays, the determination of adiponectin concentration, intracellular lipid accumulation, and gene expression analysis. Our findings demonstrated that DHA inhibits adipogenesis, lipolysis, and glucose uptake by suppressing peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (Pparg) and G-protein coupled receptor 120 (Gpr120) gene expression. Cell cytotoxicity was ruled out as a causative factor, and β-oxidation involvement was suspected. These results challenge the conventional belief that omega-3 fatty acids, acting as Pparg and Gpr120 agonists, promote adipogenesis and enhance insulin-dependent glucose cell flux. Moreover, we propose a novel hypothesis suggesting the key role of the co-repressor G protein pathway suppressor 2 in mediating this process. Additional investigations are required to elucidate the molecular mechanisms driving DHA's anti-adipogenic effect and its broader health implications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Grigorova
- Department of Pharmacology, Animal Physiology, Biochemistry and Chemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Trakia University, 6000 Stara Zagora, Bulgaria; (Z.I.); (E.V.); (V.P.)
| | - Zhenya Ivanova
- Department of Pharmacology, Animal Physiology, Biochemistry and Chemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Trakia University, 6000 Stara Zagora, Bulgaria; (Z.I.); (E.V.); (V.P.)
| | - Ekaterina Vachkova
- Department of Pharmacology, Animal Physiology, Biochemistry and Chemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Trakia University, 6000 Stara Zagora, Bulgaria; (Z.I.); (E.V.); (V.P.)
| | - Valeria Petrova
- Department of Pharmacology, Animal Physiology, Biochemistry and Chemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Trakia University, 6000 Stara Zagora, Bulgaria; (Z.I.); (E.V.); (V.P.)
| | - Toncho Penev
- Department of Ecology and Animal Hygiene, Faculty of Agriculture, Trakia University, 6000 Stara Zagora, Bulgaria;
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Yin TC, Van Vranken JG, Srivastava D, Mittal A, Buscaglia P, Moore AE, Verdinez JA, Graham AE, Walsh SA, Acevedo MA, Kerns RJ, Artemyev NO, Gygi SP, Sebag JA. Insulin sensitization by small molecules enhancing GLUT4 translocation. Cell Chem Biol 2023; 30:933-942.e6. [PMID: 37453421 DOI: 10.1016/j.chembiol.2023.06.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Revised: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
Insulin resistance (IR) is the root cause of type II diabetes, yet no safe treatment is available to address it. Using a high throughput compatible assay that measures real-time translocation of the glucose transporter glucose transporter 4 (GLUT4), we identified small molecules that potentiate insulin action. In vivo, these insulin sensitizers improve insulin-stimulated GLUT4 translocation, glucose tolerance, and glucose uptake in a model of IR. Using proteomic and CRISPR-based approaches, we identified the targets of those compounds as Unc119 proteins and solved the structure of Unc119 bound to the insulin sensitizer. This study identifies compounds that have the potential to be developed into diabetes treatment and establishes Unc119 proteins as targets for improving insulin sensitivity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Terry C Yin
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA; Fraternal Order of Eagle Diabetes Research Center, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA; Pappajohn Biomedical Institute, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | | | - Dhiraj Srivastava
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Ayushi Mittal
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA; Fraternal Order of Eagle Diabetes Research Center, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA; Pappajohn Biomedical Institute, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Paul Buscaglia
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA; Fraternal Order of Eagle Diabetes Research Center, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA; Pappajohn Biomedical Institute, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Autumn E Moore
- Fraternal Order of Eagle Diabetes Research Center, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA; College of Pharmacy, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Jissele A Verdinez
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA; Fraternal Order of Eagle Diabetes Research Center, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA; Pappajohn Biomedical Institute, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Aschleigh E Graham
- Fraternal Order of Eagle Diabetes Research Center, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA; College of Pharmacy, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Susan A Walsh
- Small Animal Imaging Core, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Michael A Acevedo
- Small Animal Imaging Core, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Robert J Kerns
- Fraternal Order of Eagle Diabetes Research Center, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA; College of Pharmacy, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Nikolai O Artemyev
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Steven P Gygi
- Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Julien A Sebag
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA; Fraternal Order of Eagle Diabetes Research Center, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA; Pappajohn Biomedical Institute, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Lakthan T, Limpachayaporn P, Rayanil KO, Charoenpanich P, Phuangbubpha P, Charoenpanich A. Lupenone-Rich Fraction Derived from Cissus quadrangularis L. Suppresses Lipid Accumulation in 3T3-L1 Adipocytes. Life (Basel) 2023; 13:1724. [PMID: 37629581 PMCID: PMC10455188 DOI: 10.3390/life13081724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Revised: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Cissus quadrangularis L. (CQ) has potential as a therapeutic for managing obesity and balancing metabolic activity, but the main bioactive compound and regulatory mechanism remain unknown. Herein, the CQ hexane extract was fractionated into 30 fractions (CQ-H) using flash column chromatography and analyzed using thin-layer chromatography. The direct antiadipogenesis effect of CQ-H fractions was tested on 3T3-L1 preadipocytes. Lupenone-rich fractions 2H and 3H were identified as containing potent antiadipogenesis agents that reduced differentiated cell numbers and intracellular lipid droplet size. Although the overall mitochondrial density remained unchanged, differentiated cells exhibited a higher mitochondrial density than that in non-differentiated cells. Additionally, 2H increased mitochondrial activity in both cell types as shown by their differentiation and lipid formation stages. Lupenone was isolated from 2H (Lu-CQ) and shown to dose-dependently inhibit adipogenesis, with 2H being more potent than Lu-CQ. Lu-CQ and 2H downregulated the expression of Pparg2 mRNA and upregulated that of glucose transporter genes, Slc2a1 and Slc2a4. Lu-CQ and 2H induced increased glucose uptake by 3T3-L1 cells. These findings suggest that lupenone-rich fractions in CQ contribute to balancing metabolic activity and reducing adipose tissue formation. Further exploration of CQ and its components may prompt innovative strategies for managing obesity and metabolic disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Thitiporn Lakthan
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Silpakorn University, Nakhon Pathom 73000, Thailand; (T.L.); (P.P.)
| | - Panupun Limpachayaporn
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Silpakorn University, Nakhon Pathom 73000, Thailand; (P.L.); (K.-o.R.)
| | - Kanok-on Rayanil
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Silpakorn University, Nakhon Pathom 73000, Thailand; (P.L.); (K.-o.R.)
| | - Pornsri Charoenpanich
- Department of Food Technology, Faculty of Engineering and Industrial Technology, Silpakorn University, Nakhon Pathom 73000, Thailand;
| | - Pornwipa Phuangbubpha
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Silpakorn University, Nakhon Pathom 73000, Thailand; (T.L.); (P.P.)
| | - Adisri Charoenpanich
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Silpakorn University, Nakhon Pathom 73000, Thailand; (T.L.); (P.P.)
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Raut S, Bhalerao A, Powers M, Gonzalez M, Mancuso S, Cucullo L. Hypometabolism, Alzheimer's Disease, and Possible Therapeutic Targets: An Overview. Cells 2023; 12:2019. [PMID: 37626828 PMCID: PMC10453773 DOI: 10.3390/cells12162019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Revised: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 08/06/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The brain is a highly dynamic organ that requires a constant energy source to function normally. This energy is mostly supplied by glucose, a simple sugar that serves as the brain's principal fuel source. Glucose transport across the blood-brain barrier (BBB) is primarily controlled via sodium-independent facilitated glucose transport, such as by glucose transporter 1 (GLUT1) and 3 (GLUT3). However, other glucose transporters, including GLUT4 and the sodium-dependent transporters SGLT1 and SGLT6, have been reported in vitro and in vivo. When the BBB endothelial layer is crossed, neurons and astrocytes can absorb the glucose using their GLUT1 and GLUT3 transporters. Glucose then enters the glycolytic pathway and is metabolized into adenosine triphosphate (ATP), which supplies the energy to support cellular functions. The transport and metabolism of glucose in the brain are impacted by several medical conditions, which can cause neurological and neuropsychiatric symptoms. Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD), epilepsy, traumatic brain injury (TBI), schizophrenia, etc., are a few of the most prevalent disorders, characterized by a decline in brain metabolism or hypometabolism early in the course of the disease. Indeed, AD is considered a metabolic disorder related to decreased brain glucose metabolism, involving brain insulin resistance and age-dependent mitochondrial dysfunction. Although the conventional view is that reduced cerebral metabolism is an effect of neuronal loss and consequent brain atrophy, a growing body of evidence points to the opposite, where hypometabolism is prodromal or at least precedes the onset of brain atrophy and the manifestation of clinical symptoms. The underlying processes responsible for these glucose transport and metabolic abnormalities are complicated and remain poorly understood. This review article provides a comprehensive overview of the current understanding of hypometabolism in AD and potential therapeutic targets.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Snehal Raut
- Department of Foundational Medical Studies, Oakland University William Beaumont School of Medicine, Rochester, MI 48309, USA; (S.R.); (A.B.); (M.G.); (S.M.)
| | - Aditya Bhalerao
- Department of Foundational Medical Studies, Oakland University William Beaumont School of Medicine, Rochester, MI 48309, USA; (S.R.); (A.B.); (M.G.); (S.M.)
| | - Michael Powers
- Department of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, Oakland University, Rochester, MI 48309, USA;
| | - Minelly Gonzalez
- Department of Foundational Medical Studies, Oakland University William Beaumont School of Medicine, Rochester, MI 48309, USA; (S.R.); (A.B.); (M.G.); (S.M.)
| | - Salvatore Mancuso
- Department of Foundational Medical Studies, Oakland University William Beaumont School of Medicine, Rochester, MI 48309, USA; (S.R.); (A.B.); (M.G.); (S.M.)
| | - Luca Cucullo
- Department of Foundational Medical Studies, Oakland University William Beaumont School of Medicine, Rochester, MI 48309, USA; (S.R.); (A.B.); (M.G.); (S.M.)
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Chan MP, Takenaka N, Satoh T. Impaired Insulin Signaling Mediated by the Small GTPase Rac1 in Skeletal Muscle of the Leptin-Deficient Obese Mouse. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:11531. [PMID: 37511290 PMCID: PMC10380855 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241411531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Revised: 07/05/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Insulin-stimulated glucose uptake in skeletal muscle is mediated by the glucose transporter GLUT4. The small GTPase Rac1 acts as a switch of signal transduction that regulates GLUT4 translocation to the plasma membrane following insulin stimulation. However, it remains obscure whether signaling cascades upstream and downstream of Rac1 in skeletal muscle are impaired by obesity that causes insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes. In an attempt to clarify this point, we investigated Rac1 signaling in the leptin-deficient (Lepob/ob) mouse model. Here, we show that insulin-stimulated GLUT4 translocation and Rac1 activation are almost completely abolished in Lepob/ob mouse skeletal muscle. Phosphorylation of the protein kinase Akt2 and plasma membrane translocation of the guanine nucleotide exchange factor FLJ00068 following insulin stimulation were also diminished in Lepob/ob mice. On the other hand, the activation of another small GTPase RalA, which acts downstream of Rac1, by the constitutively activated form of Akt2, FLJ00068, or Rac1, was partially abrogated in Lepob/ob mice. Taken together, we conclude that insulin-stimulated glucose uptake is impaired by two mechanisms in Lepob/ob mouse skeletal muscle: one is the complete inhibition of Akt2-mediated activation of Rac1, and the other is the partial inhibition of RalA activation downstream of Rac1.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Takaya Satoh
- Laboratory of Cell Biology, Department of Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Osaka Metropolitan University, Sakai 599-8531, Japan; (M.P.C.); (N.T.)
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Li D, Cao J, Zhang J, Mu T, Wang R, Li H, Tang H, Chen L, Lin X, Peng X, Zhao K. The Effects and Regulatory Mechanism of Casein-Derived Peptide VLPVPQK in Alleviating Insulin Resistance of HepG2 Cells. Foods 2023; 12:2627. [PMID: 37444365 DOI: 10.3390/foods12132627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2023] [Revised: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The liver plays a key role in keeping the homeostasis of glucose and lipid metabolism. Insulin resistance of the liver induced by extra glucose and lipid ingestion contributes greatly to chronic metabolic disease, which is greatly threatening to human health. The small peptide, VLPVPQK, originating from casein hydrolysates of milk, shows various health-promoting functions. However, the effects of VLPVPQK on metabolic disorders of the liver are still not fully understood. Therefore, in the present study, the effects and regulatory mechanism of VLPVPQK on insulin-resistant HepG2 cells was further investigated. The results showed that VLPVPQK exerted strong scavenging capacities against various free radicals, including oxygen radicals, hydroxyl radicals, and cellular reactive oxygen species. In addition, supplementation of VLPVPQK (62.5, 125, and 250 μM) significantly reversed the high glucose and fat (30 mM glucose and 0.2 mM palmitic acid) induced decrement of glucose uptake in HepG2 cells without affecting cell viability. Furthermore, VLPVPQK intervention affected the transcriptomic profiling of the cells. The differentially expressed (DE) genes (FDR < 0.05, and absolute fold change (FC) > 1.5) between VLPVPQK and the model group were mostly enriched in the carbohydrate metabolism-related KEGG pathways. Interestingly, the expression of two core genes (HKDC1 and G6PC1) involved in the above pathways was dramatically elevated after VLPVPQK intervention, which played a key role in regulating glucose metabolism. Furthermore, supplementation of VLPVPQK reversed the high glucose and fat-induced depression of AKR1B10. Overall, VLPVPQK could alleviate the metabolic disorder of hepatocytes by elevating the glucose uptake and eliminating the ROS, while the HKDC1 and AKR1B10 genes might be the potential target genes and play important roles in the process.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dapeng Li
- College of Life Science, Yantai University, Yantai 264005, China
| | - Jianxin Cao
- Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China
- College of Food Engineering and Nutritional Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710062, China
| | - Jin Zhang
- Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China
| | - Tong Mu
- Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China
- College of Food Engineering and Nutritional Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710062, China
| | - Rubin Wang
- Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China
| | - Huanhuan Li
- Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China
| | - Honggang Tang
- Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China
| | - Lihong Chen
- Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China
| | - Xiuyu Lin
- Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China
| | - Xinyan Peng
- College of Life Science, Yantai University, Yantai 264005, China
| | - Ke Zhao
- Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Møller LLV, Ali MS, Davey J, Raun SH, Andersen NR, Long JZ, Qian H, Jeppesen JF, Henriquez-Olguin C, Frank E, Jensen TE, Højlund K, Wojtaszewski JFP, Nielsen J, Chiu TT, Jedrychowski MP, Gregorevic P, Klip A, Richter EA, Sylow L. The Rho guanine dissociation inhibitor α inhibits skeletal muscle Rac1 activity and insulin action. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2023; 120:e2211041120. [PMID: 37364105 PMCID: PMC10318982 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2211041120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2022] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The molecular events governing skeletal muscle glucose uptake have pharmacological potential for managing insulin resistance in conditions such as obesity, diabetes, and cancer. With no current pharmacological treatments to target skeletal muscle insulin sensitivity, there is an unmet need to identify the molecular mechanisms that control insulin sensitivity in skeletal muscle. Here, the Rho guanine dissociation inhibitor α (RhoGDIα) is identified as a point of control in the regulation of insulin sensitivity. In skeletal muscle cells, RhoGDIα interacted with, and thereby inhibited, the Rho GTPase Rac1. In response to insulin, RhoGDIα was phosphorylated at S101 and Rac1 dissociated from RhoGDIα to facilitate skeletal muscle GLUT4 translocation. Accordingly, siRNA-mediated RhoGDIα depletion increased Rac1 activity and elevated GLUT4 translocation. Consistent with RhoGDIα's inhibitory effect, rAAV-mediated RhoGDIα overexpression in mouse muscle decreased insulin-stimulated glucose uptake and was detrimental to whole-body glucose tolerance. Aligning with RhoGDIα's negative role in insulin sensitivity, RhoGDIα protein content was elevated in skeletal muscle from insulin-resistant patients with type 2 diabetes. These data identify RhoGDIα as a clinically relevant controller of skeletal muscle insulin sensitivity and whole-body glucose homeostasis, mechanistically by modulating Rac1 activity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lisbeth L. V. Møller
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, 2200Copenhagen N, Denmark
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2200Copenhagen N, Denmark
| | - Mona S. Ali
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2200Copenhagen N, Denmark
| | - Jonathan Davey
- The Centre for Muscle Research, Department of Physiology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC3010, Australia
| | - Steffen H. Raun
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, 2200Copenhagen N, Denmark
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2200Copenhagen N, Denmark
| | - Nicoline R. Andersen
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, 2200Copenhagen N, Denmark
| | - Jonathan Z. Long
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine and Stanford, Stanford University, Stanford, CA94305
| | - Hongwei Qian
- The Centre for Muscle Research, Department of Physiology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC3010, Australia
| | - Jacob F. Jeppesen
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, 2200Copenhagen N, Denmark
| | - Carlos Henriquez-Olguin
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, 2200Copenhagen N, Denmark
- Exercise Science Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Finis Terrae, 7501015Santiago, Chile
| | - Emma Frank
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2200Copenhagen N, Denmark
| | - Thomas E. Jensen
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, 2200Copenhagen N, Denmark
| | - Kurt Højlund
- Steno Diabetes Center Odense, Odense University Hospital, 5000Odense C, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, 5000Odense C, Denmark
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, 5000Odense C, Denmark
| | - Jørgen F. P. Wojtaszewski
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, 2200Copenhagen N, Denmark
| | - Joachim Nielsen
- Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark, 5230Odense M, Denmark
| | - Tim T. Chiu
- Cell Biology Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ONM5G 0A4, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ONM5S 1A1, Canada
- Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ONM5S 1A1, Canada
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ONM5S 1A1, Canada
| | - Mark P. Jedrychowski
- Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA02115
- Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA02215
| | - Paul Gregorevic
- The Centre for Muscle Research, Department of Physiology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC3010, Australia
| | - Amira Klip
- Cell Biology Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ONM5G 0A4, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ONM5S 1A1, Canada
- Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ONM5S 1A1, Canada
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ONM5S 1A1, Canada
| | - Erik A. Richter
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, 2200Copenhagen N, Denmark
| | - Lykke Sylow
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, 2200Copenhagen N, Denmark
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2200Copenhagen N, Denmark
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Meng XH, Pan YA, Lv H, Ding XQ, Yin DQ, Gai YN, Niu GT, Ren BR, Qian XG, Chen J. One new 12, 8-guaianolide sesquiterpene lactone with antihyperglycemic activity from the roots of Cichorium intybus. Nat Prod Res 2023:1-9. [PMID: 37395502 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2023.2230606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/04/2023]
Abstract
Three 12, 8-guaianolide sesquiterpene lactones, including a new compound intybusin F (1), and a new natural product cichoriolide I (2), along with six known 12, 6-guaianolide compounds (4-9) were isolated from the roots of Cichorium intybus L. Their structures were determined by extensive spectroscopic analysis. The absolute configurations of new compounds were elucidated based on analysis of the experimental and calculated electronic circular dichroism spectra. Compounds 1, 2, 4, 7, 8 showed significant effects on facilitating the glucose uptake in oleic acid plus high glucose-stimulated HepG2 cells at 50 μM. In addition, compounds 1, 2, 3, 6, 7 exhibited obvious inhibitory effects against NO production, of them, compounds 1, 2, 7 can significantly decrease the secretion of inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-6 and COX-2) levels in this hyperglycemic HepG2 cell model.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiu-Hua Meng
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for the Research and Utilization of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, China
| | - Yin-An Pan
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for the Research and Utilization of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, China
| | - Han Lv
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for the Research and Utilization of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiao-Qin Ding
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for the Research and Utilization of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, China
| | - De-Quan Yin
- Fengning PingAn High-Tech Industrial Co., Ltd, Chengde, China
| | - Ya-Nan Gai
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for the Research and Utilization of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, China
| | - Guan-Ting Niu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for the Research and Utilization of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, China
| | - Bing-Ru Ren
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for the Research and Utilization of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiao-Guo Qian
- Fengning PingAn High-Tech Industrial Co., Ltd, Chengde, China
| | - Jian Chen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for the Research and Utilization of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, China
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Wu F, Chen Z, Zhang Z, Wang Z, Zhang Z, Wang Q, Pan Y. The Role of SOCS3 in Regulating Meat Quality in Jinhua Pigs. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:10593. [PMID: 37445769 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241310593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Revised: 06/15/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Meat quality is an important economic trait that influences the development of the pig industry. Skeletal muscle development and glycolytic potential (GP) are two crucial aspects that significantly impact meat quality. It has been reported that abnormal skeletal muscle development and high glycogen content results in low meat quality. However, the genetic mechanisms underlying these factors are still unclear. Compared with intensive pig breeds, Chinese indigenous pig breeds, such as the Jinhua pig, express superior meat quality characteristics. The differences in the meat quality traits between Jinhua and intensive pig breeds make them suitable for uncovering the genetic mechanisms that regulate meat quality traits. In this study, the Jinhua pig breed and five intensive pig breeds, including Duroc, Landrace, Yorkshire, Berkshire, and Pietrain pig breeds, were selected as experimental materials. First, the FST and XP-EHH methods were used to screen the selective signatures on the genome in the Jinhua population. Then, combined with RNA-Seq data, the study further confirmed that SOCS3 could be a key candidate gene that influences meat quality by mediating myoblast proliferation and glycometabolism because of the down-regulated expression of SOCS3 in Jinhua pigs compared with Landrace pigs. Finally, through SOCS3 knockout (KO) and overexpression (OE) experiments in mouse C2C12 cells, the results showed that SOCS3 regulated the cell proliferation of myoblasts. Moreover, SOCS3 is involved in regulating glucose uptake by the IRS1/PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. Overall, these findings provide a basis for the genetic improvement of meat quality traits in the pig industry.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fen Wu
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Zitao Chen
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Zhenyang Zhang
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Zhen Wang
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Zhe Zhang
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Qishan Wang
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
- Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Resources Evaluation and Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Yuchun Pan
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
- Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Resources Evaluation and Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Hangzhou 310058, China
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Ahn D, Kwon J, Song S, Lee J, Yoon S, Chung SJ. Methyl Syringate Stimulates Glucose Uptake by Inhibiting Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases Relevant to Insulin Resistance. Life (Basel) 2023; 13:1372. [PMID: 37374154 DOI: 10.3390/life13061372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Revised: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 06/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Several protein tyrosine phosphatases (PTPs), particularly PTPN1, PTPN2, PTPN6, PTPN9, PTPN11, PTPRS, and DUSP9, are involved in insulin resistance. Therefore, these PTPs could be promising targets for the treatment of type 2 diabetes. Our previous studies revealed that PTPN2 and PTPN6 are potential antidiabetic targets. Therefore, the identification of dual-targeting inhibitors of PTPN2 and PTPN6 could be a potential therapeutic strategy for the treatment or prevention of type 2 diabetes. In this study, we demonstrate that methyl syringate inhibits the catalytic activity of PTPN2 and PTPN6 in vitro, indicating that methyl syringate acts as a dual-targeting inhibitor of PTPN2 and PTPN6. Furthermore, methyl syringate treatment significantly increased glucose uptake in mature 3T3-L1 adipocytes. Additionally, methyl syringate markedly enhanced phosphorylation of adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) in 3T3L1 adipocytes. Taken together, our results suggest that methyl syringate, a dual-targeting inhibitor of PTPN2 and PTPN6, is a promising therapeutic candidate for the treatment or prevention of type 2 diabetes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dohee Ahn
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Jihee Kwon
- Department of Biopharmaceutical Convergence, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Songyi Song
- Department of Biopharmaceutical Convergence, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Jooyoung Lee
- Department of Biopharmaceutical Convergence, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Sunyoung Yoon
- Department of Cosmetic Science, Kwangju Women's University, Gwangju 62396, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang J Chung
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biopharmaceutical Convergence, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Kereliuk SM, Koch WJ. At the Crossroads of Cardiac Beta-Adrenergic Receptor Signaling and Myocardial Glucose Metabolism. JACC Basic Transl Sci 2023; 8:656-657. [PMID: 37426537 PMCID: PMC10322861 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacbts.2023.02.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/11/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Walter J. Koch
- Address for correspondence: Dr Walter J. Koch, Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Center for Translational Medicine, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, 3500 North Broad Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19140, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Shakoor H, Hussein H, Al-Hassan N, Alketbi M, Kizhakkayil J, Platat C. The Muscle-Conditioned Medium Containing Protocatechuic Acid Improves Insulin Resistance by Modulating Muscle Communication with Liver and Adipose Tissue. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24119490. [PMID: 37298440 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24119490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Revised: 05/07/2023] [Accepted: 05/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus is a public health concern, affecting 10.5% of the population. Protocatechuic acid (PCA), a polyphenol, exerts beneficial effects on insulin resistance and diabetes. This study investigated the role of PCA in improving insulin resistance and the crosstalk between muscle with liver and adipose tissue. C2C12 myotubes received four treatments: Control, PCA, insulin resistance (IR), and IR-PCA. Conditioned media from C2C12 was used to incubate HepG2 and 3T3-L1 adipocytes. The impact of PCA was analyzed on glucose uptake and signaling pathways. PCA (80 µM) significantly enhanced glucose uptake in C2C12, HepG2, and 3T3-L1 adipocytes (p < 0.05). In C2C12, PCA significantly elevated GLUT-4, IRS-1, IRS-2, PPAR-γ, P-AMPK, and P-Akt vs. Control (p ≤ 0.05), and modulated pathways in IR-PCA. In HepG2, PPAR-γ and P-Akt increased significantly in Control (CM) vs. No CM, and PCA dose upregulated PPAR-γ, P-AMPK, and P-AKT (p < 0.05). In the 3T3-L1 adipocytes, PI3K and GLUT-4 expression was elevated in PCA (CM) vs. No CM. A significant elevation of IRS-1, GLUT-4, and P-AMPK was observed in IR-PCA vs. IR (p ≤ 0.001). Herein, PCA strengthens insulin signaling by activating key proteins of that pathway and regulating glucose uptake. Further, conditioned media modulated crosstalk between muscle with liver and adipose tissue, thus regulating glucose metabolism.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hira Shakoor
- Department of Nutrition and Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain 15551, United Arab Emirates
| | - Haneen Hussein
- Department of Nutrition and Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain 15551, United Arab Emirates
| | - Nour Al-Hassan
- Department of Nutrition and Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain 15551, United Arab Emirates
| | - Mouza Alketbi
- Department of Nutrition and Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain 15551, United Arab Emirates
| | - Jaleel Kizhakkayil
- Department of Nutrition and Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain 15551, United Arab Emirates
| | - Carine Platat
- Department of Nutrition and Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain 15551, United Arab Emirates
| |
Collapse
|