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Khan S, Ntatamala I, Baatjies R, Adams S. Prevalence and determinants of burnout among South African doctors during the COVID-19 pandemic. S Afr J Psychiatr 2024; 30:2225. [PMID: 38726336 PMCID: PMC11079362 DOI: 10.4102/sajpsychiatry.v30i0.2225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Burnout, resulting from chronic workplace stress that has been unsuccessfully managed, has previously been documented in doctors. The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has increased occupational challenges faced by doctors, potentiating their risk for burnout. Aim This study aimed to determine the prevalence and determinants of burnout among medical doctors during the COVID-19 pandemic. Setting Three public sector hospitals in Gqeberha, South Africa. Methods A cross-sectional study of 260 voluntary participants was conducted. Participants completed self-administered electronic questionnaires. Logistic regression analysis was performed to explore the determinants of burnout. Results The prevalence of burnout in this study was 78%. Burnout was significantly associated with being a medical intern or community-service medical officer (adjusted odd ratio [AOR] = 6.72, 1.71-26.40), being in the lowest income band (AOR = 10.78, 2.55-45.49), and using alcohol to manage work-related stress (AOR = 3.01, 1.12-8.04). Job-related factors associated with burnout were experiencing high conflict at work (AOR = 5.04, 1.92-13.20) and high role ambiguity and role conflict (AOR = 4.49, 1.98-10.18). Low support at work (AOR = 9.99, 3.66-27.23), medium job satisfaction (AOR = 5.38, 2.65-10.93) and medium support at work (AOR = 3.39, 1.71-6.73) were positively associated with burnout. Participants with medium (AOR = 0.28, 0.10-0.80) and high levels of resilience (AOR = 0.08, 0.03-0.25) were protected against burnout. Coronavirus disease 2019-related factors were not significantly associated with burnout. Conclusion The burnout prevalence among South African medical doctors at public hospitals during the COVID-19 pandemic was high and strongly associated with job stress factors. Contribution Given the increased prevalence of burnout among doctors and the strong associations with job stress factors, mitigation of burnout requires targeted organisational interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saajida Khan
- Division of Occupational Medicine and Centre for Environmental and Occupational Health Research, School of Public Health, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Itumeleng Ntatamala
- Division of Occupational Medicine and Centre for Environmental and Occupational Health Research, School of Public Health, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Roslynn Baatjies
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Studies, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Shahieda Adams
- Division of Occupational Medicine and Centre for Environmental and Occupational Health Research, School of Public Health, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
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Arko-Boham B, Abankwah KA, Adutwum-Ofosu K, Ahenkorah J, Hottor BA, Koney NKK. Whole body donation for teaching in Ghana: The perspectives of medical doctors. Anat Sci Educ 2024; 17:539-545. [PMID: 38243581 DOI: 10.1002/ase.2382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2023] [Revised: 01/06/2024] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 01/21/2024]
Abstract
Historically, both donated bodies and unclaimed bodies have been the sources of human bodies for anatomy dissection globally with the latter discouraged for ethical reasons. Ghana lacks well-established body-donation programs, thus relying heavily on unclaimed bodies. Medical doctors benefit foremost from human bodies in their training and therefore should have a better disposition toward body bequeathal. This study assessed the perception, knowledge, and attitude of medical doctors in a Ghanaian institution toward body donation. As the first Ghanaian study on the subject, it provides the foundation for systematic study of the subject in Ghana. An internet-based questionnaire was administered to volunteering medical doctors requesting information on their perception of, knowledge of, and attitude toward whole-body donation. Data were summarized as frequencies. The 200 respondents comprised 1 consultant, 4 specialists, 14 residents, 63 medical officers, and 118 house officers. About 194 (97.0%) were familiar with body donation while 6 (3.0%) were not. Also, 39 (19.5%) were willing to donate their bodies, 98 (49.0%) were unwilling, and 63 (31.5%) undecided. Religion, culture, mishandling of bodies, and lack of awareness were barriers to body donation. Finally, 178 (89.0%) viewed human body dissection as relevant and should remain as part of medical curriculum. Doctors were aware of body donation though only few were willing to donate. Cultural and religious factors were major hindrances to body donation for anatomy education and research, though they were willing to persuade others to participate. Deliberate public education on the subject is required to grow body donation in Ghana.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Arko-Boham
- Department of Anatomy, University of Ghana Medical School, College of Health Sciences, University of Ghana, Korle Bu Campus, Accra, Ghana
| | - Kofi Ampofo Abankwah
- Department of Anatomy, University of Ghana Medical School, College of Health Sciences, University of Ghana, Korle Bu Campus, Accra, Ghana
| | - Kevin Adutwum-Ofosu
- Department of Anatomy, University of Ghana Medical School, College of Health Sciences, University of Ghana, Korle Bu Campus, Accra, Ghana
| | - John Ahenkorah
- Department of Anatomy, University of Ghana Medical School, College of Health Sciences, University of Ghana, Korle Bu Campus, Accra, Ghana
| | - Bismarck Afedo Hottor
- Department of Anatomy, University of Ghana Medical School, College of Health Sciences, University of Ghana, Korle Bu Campus, Accra, Ghana
| | - Nii Koney-Kwaku Koney
- Department of Anatomy, University of Ghana Medical School, College of Health Sciences, University of Ghana, Korle Bu Campus, Accra, Ghana
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Jinah N, Abdullah Sharin I, Bakit P, Adnan IK, Lee KY. Overview of Retention Strategies for Medical Doctors in Low- and Middle-Income Countries and Their Effectiveness: Protocol for a Scoping Review. JMIR Res Protoc 2024; 13:e52938. [PMID: 38190235 PMCID: PMC10804252 DOI: 10.2196/52938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Revised: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The global shortage and maldistribution of health care workers, especially medical doctors, pose a significant threat to achieving the United Nations' sustainable development goal 3 of ensuring well-being and healthy lives for all. Low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) are disproportionately affected by this crisis, with a high rate of brain drain from rural to urban areas, as well as to high-income countries. Various retention strategies have been implemented in different settings and organizations. However, their effectiveness remains underexplored, particularly in LMICs. OBJECTIVE We aim to review the available retention strategies for medical doctors in LMICs and to determine the effectiveness of the various strategies. This review aims to compile relevant research findings on this issue to generate a thorough summary of all the retention strategies practiced in LMICs and, more importantly, to provide the current state of evidence of the effectiveness of these strategies in retaining medical doctors in countries with limited resources and high disease burden. METHODS The structured framework given by Arksey and O'Malley will serve as the basis for conducting this scoping review. A comprehensive search strategy will be conducted across 4 electronic databases (PubMed, EBSCOHost, Scopus, and ScienceDirect). A systematic approach following the PRISMA-ScR (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews) guidelines will be executed to search, screen, review, and extract data from studies that meet predefined inclusion criteria. Data encompassing bibliographical information, study location, retention strategies, influencing factors, and outcomes (effectiveness) will be obtained from the selected studies using standardized data extraction. Endnote and Microsoft Excel will be used for reference management and removal of duplicate studies. A narrative synthesis will be performed after categorizing and analyzing all the extracted data to identify recurrent themes. RESULTS This ongoing review will generate a comprehensive compilation of retention strategies implemented in LMICs to prevent brain drain among medical doctors. Data extraction is currently in progress, and completion is expected by early 2024. Themes regarding the types of strategies, influencing factors, and outcomes will be synthesized. The findings will highlight effective retention strategies, gaps, and challenges in implementation for the benefits of future research. By identifying common barriers and facilitators, this review will provide insights into enhancing the policies and initiatives for doctor retention in LMICs. CONCLUSIONS This scoping review explores the retention strategies practiced in LMICs and attempts to identify effective strategies from existing research. By evaluating the barriers and challenges that influence the effectiveness of these strategies, policymakers and health care leaders can strive to obtain balanced and optimal health human resources in their respective organizations and countries. TRIAL REGISTRATION Malaysian National Medical Research Register (NMRR) ID-23-01994-OGW; https://nmrr.gov.my/research-directory/ac4f5b88-8619-4b2b-b6c7-9abcef65fdcd. INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT IDENTIFIER (IRRID) DERR1-10.2196/52938.
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Affiliation(s)
- Norehan Jinah
- Centre of Leadership & Professional Development, Institute for Health Management, National Institutes of Health Malaysia, Shah Alam, Malaysia
| | - Ili Abdullah Sharin
- Centre of Leadership & Professional Development, Institute for Health Management, National Institutes of Health Malaysia, Shah Alam, Malaysia
| | - Pangie Bakit
- Centre of Leadership & Professional Development, Institute for Health Management, National Institutes of Health Malaysia, Shah Alam, Malaysia
| | - Izzuan Khirman Adnan
- Centre of Leadership & Professional Development, Institute for Health Management, National Institutes of Health Malaysia, Shah Alam, Malaysia
| | - Kun Yun Lee
- Centre of Leadership & Professional Development, Institute for Health Management, National Institutes of Health Malaysia, Shah Alam, Malaysia
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Louizou E, Panagiotou N, Dafli E, Smyrnakis E, Bamidis PD. Medical Doctors Approaches and Understanding of Health Literacy: A Systematic Literature Review. Cureus 2024; 16:e51448. [PMID: 38298293 PMCID: PMC10829061 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.51448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/02/2024] Open
Abstract
A physician's role is critical in fostering patient health literacy (HL) and influencing various aspects, including patient-physician communication and treatment effectiveness. The purpose of this systematic literature review is to analyze physicians' perspectives, comprehension, and management of HL. The focus of this review is on physicians' views, opinions, experiences, and strategies related to HL. We conducted comprehensive searches across seven databases, including PubMed, Scopus, ProQuest, Science Direct, Web of Science, The Cochrane Library, and Google Scholar. Original research articles published between January 1, 2009, and July 31, 2020, were considered for inclusion. This literature review incorporates qualitative studies and mixed-methods studies, with a focus on extracting qualitative data. Among the 22 articles included in our review, we employed the method of inductive thematic analysis for data analysis. A detailed description of the review methodology can be found in a previously published protocol available through PROSPERO (CRD42020212599). The themes that emerged from the thematic analysis include: (a) physicians' perception and management of HL; and (b) barriers. The results of the systematic review reveal that healthcare professionals exhibit varying perceptions of patients' HL levels and ascribe different meanings to it. However, none of them employ a specific measuring tool. While there appears to be no uniform approach to managing patients with low HL, some prioritize certain communication strategies, such as repetition, simplified language, and providing written instructions, among others. Most physicians cited multiple barriers that impede the development of patients' HL, including dysfunctions within the healthcare system, staff shortages, managing a large number of patients, limited time, work-related stress, cultural and socio-economic barriers, medical jargon, and language barriers. Considering the pivotal role of physicians in fostering patient HL, it is crucial to enhance medical education in addressing and managing HL, both within academic curricula and through continuing education seminars. Furthermore, there is a pressing need to improve healthcare professionals' working conditions, ensuring that each physician can allocate the necessary time to each patient based on their individual needs, without being hindered by stress-inducing work environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleni Louizou
- School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, GRC
| | - Nikolaos Panagiotou
- School of Journalism & Mass Communications, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, GRC
| | - Eleni Dafli
- School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, GRC
| | - Emmanouil Smyrnakis
- Primary Health Care, General Practice and Health Services Research, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, GRC
| | - Panagiotis D Bamidis
- School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, GRC
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Soemarko DS, Kekalih A, Syam AF, Yunihastuti E, Herikurniawan H, Yosia M. Physician's hesitancy in treating COVID-19 patients and its associated occupational risk factors in Indonesia: an online cross-sectional survey. J Public Health Afr 2023; 14:2558. [PMID: 37680875 PMCID: PMC10481896 DOI: 10.4081/jphia.2023.2558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2022] [Accepted: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 09/09/2023] Open
Abstract
This cross-sectional survey aims to investigate physician hesitancy in treating COVID-19 patients in Indonesia, particularly among those who have already contracted the disease, along with associated occupational risk factors. The study involved distributing a questionnaire to physicians across the country, using contact information from the Indonesian Physician Association database. The results show that out of the 383 participants, 25.6% experienced moderate symptoms of COVID-19, and 2.9% required critical care. The study found that 20.3% of physicians demonstrated hesitancy to treat suspected, probable, or confirmed COVID-19 patients. Interestingly, older physicians and those with less experience in treating COVID-19 patients were found to have a higher hesitancy rate, while specialist trainees and those working in public hospitals demonstrated the lowest hesitancy. These findings highlight the significant hesitancy among physicians who have suffered from COVID-19 and underline the need for management and policymakers to take further action to address this issue. Understanding the effects and benefits of physician hesitancy in treating COVID-19 patients is crucial for ensuring the effective delivery of healthcare services during pandemics like COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Aria Kekalih
- Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Indonesia, Jakarta
| | - Ari Fahrial Syam
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, University of Indonesia, Jakarta
| | - Evy Yunihastuti
- Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine, Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, University of Indonesia, Jakarta
| | - Herikurniawan Herikurniawan
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Indonesia, Division of Respirology and Critical Illness, Department of Internal Medicine, Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Mikhael Yosia
- Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Indonesia, Jakarta
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Rurik I. [Working 40 years as medical doctors.]. Orv Hetil 2023; 164:1127-1133. [PMID: 37481769 DOI: 10.1556/650.2023.32811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2023] [Accepted: 05/03/2023] [Indexed: 07/25/2023]
Abstract
The health status of health professionals, including medical doctors is an important topic, although it is an under-researched area in Hungary and in the East-Central European countries as well. Our quasi-cohort research was focused on the health status, morbidities, anthropometric parameters, lifestyle and professional career of Hungarian medical doctors who graduated in 1979, following them 25y, 30y and 40y after graduation, seeking differences between professional groups and genders. In 2019, the mean age of participants was 64.9y, the average number of children was 2.08, higher among surgical professionals (2.43). Men reported higher number of own children. The number of night shifts decreased during the past decades. Most of them is already retired, 70% is working besides receiving a pension. 27% changed their medical specialty, 36% intended to work in another field of medicine, when graduated. About 10% of them achieved scientific (PhD) degree, most of them were satisfied with own professional carrier. The body weight and BMI significantly increased during decades, without statistical difference between genders and professional groups. Diabetes was self reported in 7%, hypertension in 44%. Men neglected more frequently their regular health check-up. Compared to their patients at the same age, 71% rated their own health status better. Among those, who reported regular physical activities, the ratio of men was higher; the average time spent on sport was the same as in the past decades, although the ratio of persons who had regular physical activity decreased, fewer participated in team sport activities. Their sleeping habit is quiet, the time is 6.3 h between workdays and 7.7 h on weekends. Burn-out was not reported. The ratio of smokers decreased; the self-reported daily intake of alcoholic beverages was 1.3, the weekly 3.7 units. Differences described earlier between professional groups disappeared. The problems of the recent Hungarian health care system were similarly rated, although the income of Hungarian physicians has increased to a great extent in the past years. Orv Hetil. 2023; 164(29): 1127-1133.
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Affiliation(s)
- Imre Rurik
- 1 Semmelweis Egyetem, Általános Orvostudományi Kar, Családorvosi Tanszék Budapest Magyarország
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Alzahrani AK, Banaser AH, Alsulami RR, Alluqmani YA, Althubyani GS, Al Luhaybi FH, Alqurashi SM, Al-Alwani AY, Aboalshamat KT. Comparative assessment of attitudes among medical and dental professionals in Saudi Arabia toward e-professionalism using the SMEPROF-S scale. J Family Med Prim Care 2023; 12:1137-1144. [PMID: 37636193 PMCID: PMC10451607 DOI: 10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_2192_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2022] [Revised: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 01/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Social media (SM) usage is on the rise among health professionals at all levels to align with the emerging digital and SM era. e-Professionalism is described as attitudes and actions that resemble traditional professionalism paradigms but are expressed through digital media. Although there are a number of studies conducted in the past several years measuring e-professionalism of medical and dental professionals, there is no validated scale to assess the level of e-professionalism among medical and dental professionals in Saudi Arabia. Therefore, this study aimed to assess attitudes toward e-professionalism among medical and dental professionals in Saudi Arabia using the SMePROF-S scale. Methods This cross-sectional study recruited 338 medical and dental students and practitioners from 20 cities in Saudi Arabia to complete an online SMePROF-S self-reported questionnaire measuring attitudes about e-professionalism. Results Among participants, 31.66% believed that it is acceptable to communicate with patients through SM, but only 16.86% agreed with communicating via personal SM account messaging. Many participants (35.80%-50%) fear that SM use can cause problems with getting hired, people making inaccurate assumptions and perceptions, and job losses. There were 31.36% who believed that sharing patient information without consent is acceptable. The majority (63.02%-63.31%) do not believe that medical/dental professionals should be barred from using SM, and 40.53% believe that schools/organizations have no right to interfere with their online activities. Only 22.19% believed that SM use removed professional protections from the public. A few statements were statistically different by specialty and gender. Conclusion There is a variability of attitudes about e-professionalism among medical and dental professionals in Saudi Arabia, with some alarming issues requiring national guidelines to ensure patient rights, privacy, and confidentiality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arwa K. Alzahrani
- Bachelor of Dental Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Alaa H. Banaser
- Medical Student, Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rola R. Alsulami
- Medical Student, Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Yazeed A. Alluqmani
- Medical Student, Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Gada S. Althubyani
- Medical Student, Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Sarah M. Alqurashi
- Medical Student, Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abeer Y. Al-Alwani
- Medical Student, Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khalid T. Aboalshamat
- Dental Public Health Division, Preventative Dentistry Department, College of Dentistry, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
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Qattan M, Alwashali D, Alshinawi M, Sulimani OA, Alluqmani L, AlQurashi M, Alfahmi N, Althubaiti R, Aboalshamat K. Perceptions of volunteering during the COVID-19 pandemic among medical and dental professionals in Saudi Arabia. J Family Med Prim Care 2023; 12:1197-1201. [PMID: 37636197 PMCID: PMC10451581 DOI: 10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_2422_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Revised: 02/20/2023] [Accepted: 03/04/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Volunteering can be defined as any action where time is freely donated to help another individual, organization, or cause. During pandemics, volunteers in the healthcare industry are essential. There were different perspectives on volunteering around the world. This study evaluated Saudi Arabia's clinical medical and dentistry students' attitudes and perspectives on volunteering during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Method A descriptive cross-sectional study of medical and dental students completing the clinical experience in Saudi Arabia. A web-based survey gathered data, and SPSS, Chi-square, and Fisher's exact tests were used for analysis. Results The majority of participants had positive attitudes and perceptions of volunteering during COVID-19 on most items. A total of 93.80% said they would volunteer given the opportunity, and 86.25% would respond to governmental calls during health crises. However, 62.26% would volunteer only if compensated, 66.58% needed parental approval before volunteering, and 74.93% had fears about infecting family members. Nearly all items were not significantly different by specialty (medicine/dentistry), gender, nationality, region, or education level. Conclusions Medical and dentistry professionals had good attitudes about volunteering during health disasters, especially when provided proper protection and training. The majority of participants were likely to respond to governmental calls if needed. Future studies should investigate compensation methods and types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muneera Qattan
- Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Duaa Alwashali
- Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Marwan Alshinawi
- Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Luran Alluqmani
- Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Najwa Alfahmi
- Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rehaf Althubaiti
- Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khalid Aboalshamat
- Department of Preventative Dentistry, Dental Public Health Division, College of Dentistry, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
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Breindahl N, Khan F, Skipper M, Nielsen AB, Friis ML, Paltved C, Jensen RD, Kurtzhals JAL, Konge L, Nayahangan LJ. Exploring training needs of newly graduated medical doctors to inform the undergraduate simulation-based curriculum: a national Delphi consensus study. Postgrad Med J 2023; 99:37-44. [PMID: 36947424 DOI: 10.1093/postmj/qgac002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2022] [Revised: 09/21/2022] [Accepted: 10/01/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Mastering technical procedures is a key component in succeeding as a newly graduated medical doctor and is of critical importance to ensure patient safety. The efficacy of simulation-based education has been demonstrated but medical schools have different requirements for undergraduate curricula. We aimed to identify and prioritize the technical procedures needed by newly graduated medical doctors. METHODS We conducted a national needs assessment survey using the Delphi technique to gather consensus from key opinion leaders in the field. In the first round, a brainstorm was conducted to identify all potential technical procedures. In the second round, respondents rated the need for simulation-based training of each procedure using the Copenhagen Academy for Medical Education and Simulation Needs Assessment Formula (CAMES-NAF). The third round was a final elimination and prioritization of the procedures. RESULTS In total, 107 experts from 21 specialties answered the first round: 123 unique technical procedures were suggested. Response rates were 58% and 64% in the second and the third round, respectively. In the third round, 104 procedures were eliminated based on the consensus criterion, and the remaining 19 procedures were included and prioritized. The top five procedures were: (i) insert peripheral intravenous catheter, (ii) put on personal protection equipment, (iii) perform basic airway maneuvers, (iv) perform basic life support, and (v) perform radial artery puncture. CONCLUSION Based on the Delphi process a final list of 19 technical procedures reached expert consensus to be included in the undergraduate curriculum for simulation-based education.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niklas Breindahl
- Center for HR and Education, Copenhagen Academy for Medical Education and Simulation (CAMES), Copenhagen 2100, Denmark
| | - Farsana Khan
- Center for HR and Education, Copenhagen Academy for Medical Education and Simulation (CAMES), Copenhagen 2100, Denmark
| | - Mads Skipper
- Postgraduate Medical Education Region North, Viborg 8800, Denmark
| | - Anders Bo Nielsen
- SimC, Odense University Hospital, Region of Southern Denmark, Odense 5000, Denmark
| | | | | | - Rune Dall Jensen
- Corporate HR MidtSim, Central Denmark Region, Aarhus 8200, Denmark
| | - Jørgen A L Kurtzhals
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen 2100, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Copenhagen University Hospital (Rigshospitalet), Copenhagen 2100, Denmark
| | - Lars Konge
- Center for HR and Education, Copenhagen Academy for Medical Education and Simulation (CAMES), Copenhagen 2100, Denmark
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen 2100, Denmark
| | - Leizl Joy Nayahangan
- Center for HR and Education, Copenhagen Academy for Medical Education and Simulation (CAMES), Copenhagen 2100, Denmark
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Muthelo L, Seimela HM, Mbombi MO, Malema R, Phukubye A, Tladi L. Challenges for Optimum Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation in the Emergency Departments of Limpopo Province: A Qualitative Study. Healthcare (Basel) 2023; 11:healthcare11020158. [PMID: 36673526 PMCID: PMC9859251 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare11020158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Revised: 12/28/2022] [Accepted: 12/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM To describe the challenges for optimum resuscitation processes in Emergency Departments in Limpopo Province, South Africa. DESIGN A qualitative explorative research approach was adopted to explore the resuscitation team's experiences in Emergency Departments. METHOD Five medical doctors and twelve professional nurses were purposively sampled to participate in the study. The depth of the information obtained from the participants determined the sample size. Data collected from semi-structured individual interviews were analyzed using thematic analysis. Data quality was ensured by applying four elements: credibility, transferability, dependability, and confirmability. RESULTS The study findings indicated diverse challenges for optimum resuscitation processes that include: A general shortage of emergency personnel, the lack of material resources and the unavailability of funds for payment of national and international trauma symposiums, the poor maintenance of emergency equipment, the lack of a continuous training program and the resuscitation team receiving different instructions from various team leaders about the standardized procedures and policies of the resuscitation process. The team leaders and managers often blamed, depreciated and disregarded the resuscitation team for failed resuscitation efforts. Public contribution: The study findings are a point of reference for the emergency resuscitation team and the department of health policymakers. Trained and well-equipped emergency resuscitation teams can improve the quality of life for patients with cardiac arrest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Livhuwani Muthelo
- Department of Nursing Science, University of Limpopo, Sovenga St, Polokwane 0727, South Africa
- Correspondence:
| | - Hendrica Mosima Seimela
- Department of Nursing Science, University of Limpopo, Sovenga St, Polokwane 0727, South Africa
| | - Masenyani Oupa Mbombi
- Department of Nursing Science, University of Limpopo, Sovenga St, Polokwane 0727, South Africa
| | - Rambelani Malema
- Department of Physiology and Environmental Health, University of Limpopo, Sovenga St, Polokwane 0727, South Africa
| | - Arthur Phukubye
- Department of Nursing Science, University of Limpopo, Sovenga St, Polokwane 0727, South Africa
| | - Lerato Tladi
- Department of Nursing Science, University of Limpopo, Sovenga St, Polokwane 0727, South Africa
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11
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Taylor W, Whittaker LM, Fletcher T, Collins A, Grant R, Gossell-Williams M. Awareness of inappropriate use related to antimicrobial resistance among medical doctors by country economic status: A systematic review. Int J Risk Saf Med 2023; 34:227-242. [PMID: 36530092 DOI: 10.3233/jrs-220044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is promoted by inappropriate use and is a greater burden for low to middle income countries (LMIC) than high income countries (HIC). OBJECTIVE This systematic review aimed to compare the awareness of inappropriate use related to AMR among medical doctors from LMIC and HIC using published knowledge, attitude and practice (KAP) studies. METHODS Following Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses guidelines, sequential systematic literature search of PubMed and Web of Science databases for articles published since inception up to June 1, 2022 for KAP studies involving medical doctors. Using fifteen KAP items related to promoting AMR, data on proportion of participants responding affirmatively was extracted and reported using means, ranges and 95% confidence intervals (CI). RESULTS Forty-two studies met the inclusion criteria and involved 13,089 medical doctors from 11HIC and 21LMIC. All were cross-sectional studies, 71.4% involved non-probability sampling and 78.6% were of satisfactory quality. Knowledge items showed mean proportion of more medical doctors responding correctly. Similar affirmation trends were observed for attitude and prescribing practice items. Awareness appeared similar between medical doctors of the economic groups, except for a greater interest in training for LMIC (95.4%; 95%CI 93.0%, 97.9%) versus HIC (81.7%; 95%CI 65.6%, 97.9%). Countries with poor proportions were identified in both economic groups. CONCLUSION For identified studies, trends suggest good awareness among medical doctors of the known inappropriate use and perceived threat of AMR, as well as prescribing practices to reduce the risk of AMR. Trends were similar across HIC and LMIC; however, countries with evidence of poor awareness exist in both economic groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Winthrop Taylor
- Section of Pharmacology & Pharmacy, Faculty of Medical Sciences, The University of the West Indies, Kingston, Jamaica
| | - Lisa-Marie Whittaker
- Section of Pharmacology & Pharmacy, Faculty of Medical Sciences, The University of the West Indies, Kingston, Jamaica
| | - Trevon Fletcher
- Section of Pharmacology & Pharmacy, Faculty of Medical Sciences, The University of the West Indies, Kingston, Jamaica
| | - Anthony Collins
- Section of Pharmacology & Pharmacy, Faculty of Medical Sciences, The University of the West Indies, Kingston, Jamaica
| | - Ryan Grant
- Section of Pharmacology & Pharmacy, Faculty of Medical Sciences, The University of the West Indies, Kingston, Jamaica
| | - Maxine Gossell-Williams
- Section of Pharmacology & Pharmacy, Faculty of Medical Sciences, The University of the West Indies, Kingston, Jamaica
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12
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Ouazzani Housni Touhami Y, Maiouak M, Ouraghene A, Hammani Z, Abdi CMF, Benhammou I, Tahiri S, Rabhi S, Bennani B, Bout A, Aarab C, Boujraf S, El Fakir S, Aalouane R. The prevalence and associated factors of depression, anxiety, and PTSD among Moroccan medical doctors in the COVID-19 pandemic: a national study. PSYCHOL HEALTH MED 2023; 28:211-224. [PMID: 35477317 DOI: 10.1080/13548506.2022.2067574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
COVID-19 pandemic is facing healthcare professionals with unprecedented challenges, which might alter their mental health. We targeted assessing depression, generalized anxiety, and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) of Moroccan medical doctors during the COVID-19 pandemic; this would allow identifying the associated factors. A cross-sectional national study was carried out on 1267 exposed and unexposed public health medical doctors to COVID-19 patients. The study was conducted between May 15 and 15 June 2020. An anonymous self-administered questionnaire was completed online voluntarily and randomly. We used the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9), the Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD-7), and the PTSD Checklist for DSM‑5 (PCL-5) to assess depression, generalized anxiety, and PTSD, respectively. The respondents' rate was 63.3%. The mean age was 30.97 ± 6.65 years old, and 59.3% (N = 751) were females with a sex ratio M/F of 0.68. The sample included 43.0% (N = 545) of COVID-19 frontline doctors. Among all participants, 31.5% (N = 400) had depression, 29.2% (N = 370) had generalized anxiety, and 21.7% (N = 276) had PTSD. The average scores of the PHQ-9, the GAD-7, and the PCL-5 were 7.79 (± 5.54), 6.12 (±5.72), and 18.58 (±17.62), respectively. The multivariate logistic regression showed that working in primary and secondary hospitals, moderate and high-stress perceptions, a chronic physical illness, and a family history of psychiatric disorder were independently associated factors of depression, generalized anxiety, and PTSD. The females expressed significantly more anxiety. Doctors living in a family consisting of member with chronic disease showed a significantly higher risk of PTSD. The security sense of contamination risk and low threat perception of COVID-19 were significantly protective factors of depression, anxiety, and PTSD. Moroccan medical doctors are in psychological distress. It is essential to preserve medical doctors' mental well-being health for a better fight against the COVID-19 pandemic through effective and targeted health policies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youssef Ouazzani Housni Touhami
- Psychiatry Department, Hassan II University Hospital, Fez, Morocco.,Clinical Neurosciences Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, Pharmacy and Dental Medicine of Fez, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University (USMBA), Fez, Morocco
| | - Moncef Maiouak
- Epidemiology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Pharmacy and Dental Medicine of Fez, Sidi Mohammed Ben Abdellah University (USMBA), Fez, Morocco.,Laboratory of Epidemiology, Community Health and Clinical Research, Faculty of Medicine, Pharmacy and Dental Medicine of Fez, Sidi Mohammed Ben Abdellah University (USMBA), Fez, Morocco
| | - Amal Ouraghene
- Psychiatry Department, Hassan II University Hospital, Fez, Morocco.,Clinical Neurosciences Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, Pharmacy and Dental Medicine of Fez, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University (USMBA), Fez, Morocco
| | - Zakaria Hammani
- Psychiatry Department, Moulay Ismail Military University Hospital, Meknes, Morocco
| | - Cheikh Mommed Fadel Abdi
- Psychiatry Department, Hassan II University Hospital, Fez, Morocco.,Clinical Neurosciences Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, Pharmacy and Dental Medicine of Fez, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University (USMBA), Fez, Morocco
| | - Imane Benhammou
- Psychiatry Department, Hassan II University Hospital, Fez, Morocco.,Clinical Neurosciences Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, Pharmacy and Dental Medicine of Fez, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University (USMBA), Fez, Morocco
| | - Sophia Tahiri
- Psychiatry Department, Hassan II University Hospital, Fez, Morocco
| | - Samira Rabhi
- Clinical Neurosciences Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, Pharmacy and Dental Medicine of Fez, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University (USMBA), Fez, Morocco.,Internal Medicine Department, Hassan II University Hospital, Fez, Morocco
| | - Bahia Bennani
- URL-CNRST N15, Laboratory of Human Pathology, Biomedicine and Environmental, Faculty of Medicine, Pharmacy and Dental Medicine of Fez, Sidi Mohammed Ben Abdellah University (USMBA), Fez, Morocco
| | - Amine Bout
- Psychiatry Department, Hassan II University Hospital, Fez, Morocco.,Clinical Neurosciences Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, Pharmacy and Dental Medicine of Fez, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University (USMBA), Fez, Morocco
| | - Chadya Aarab
- Psychiatry Department, Hassan II University Hospital, Fez, Morocco.,Clinical Neurosciences Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, Pharmacy and Dental Medicine of Fez, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University (USMBA), Fez, Morocco
| | - Said Boujraf
- Clinical Neurosciences Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, Pharmacy and Dental Medicine of Fez, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University (USMBA), Fez, Morocco
| | - Samira El Fakir
- Epidemiology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Pharmacy and Dental Medicine of Fez, Sidi Mohammed Ben Abdellah University (USMBA), Fez, Morocco.,Laboratory of Epidemiology, Community Health and Clinical Research, Faculty of Medicine, Pharmacy and Dental Medicine of Fez, Sidi Mohammed Ben Abdellah University (USMBA), Fez, Morocco
| | - Rachid Aalouane
- Psychiatry Department, Hassan II University Hospital, Fez, Morocco.,Clinical Neurosciences Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, Pharmacy and Dental Medicine of Fez, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University (USMBA), Fez, Morocco
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13
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Niewiadomska E, Łabuz-Roszak B, Pawłowski P, Wypych-Ślusarska A. The Physical and Mental Well-Being of Medical Doctors in the Silesian Voivodeship. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2022; 19:13410. [PMID: 36293986 PMCID: PMC9603783 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192013410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Revised: 10/12/2022] [Accepted: 10/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Physical and mental well-being are important determinants of medical doctors' lives, including their professional activity, which has a direct impact on the health and lives of patients. The aim of the study was to assess the health condition of medical doctors from the Silesian Voivodeship. The physical health condition, including the prevalence of chronic diseases, drug therapy, and pro-health activities, was assessed. Data on mental health according to the HADS scale (hospital anxiety and depression scale) referred to the selected socio-economic and professional aspects of life, as well as life and job satisfaction. The doctors most often reported diseases of the circulatory system and diseases of endocrine system, nutritional status and metabolic changes, allergies, and degenerative changes in the musculoskeletal system and connective tissue. Chronic diseases and anxiety or depressive disorders affected doctors aged 50-80 years more frequently, and those doctors undertook preventive pro-health activities more often. The higher risks of anxiety and depression were related to their social and professional roles, lower economic status, overweight or obesity, chronic diseases, pharmacotherapy, diets, and chronic fatigue. On the other hand, frequent physical activity, a longer sleep duration, smaller weekly workload, type of rest, a higher sense of job satisfaction, and a higher level of life satisfaction reduced the risk of disorders. The health condition of medical doctors in the Silesian Voivodeship requires decisive remedial actions in the professional and non-professional spheres.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ewa Niewiadomska
- Department of Biostatistics, Faculty of Health Sciences in Bytom, Medical University of Silesia, 40-055 Katowice, Poland
| | - Beata Łabuz-Roszak
- Department of Neurology, Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Opole, 45-040 Opole, Poland
| | - Piotr Pawłowski
- Department of Neurological Rehabilitation, Upper Silesian Rehabilitation Center “Repty”, 57-126 Tarnowskie Góry, Poland
| | - Agata Wypych-Ślusarska
- Department of Epidemiology, Faculty of Health Sciences in Bytom, Medical University of Silesia, 40-055 Katowice, Poland
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Amandua J, Masembe V, Amone J, Mukasa-Kivunike P, Makanga L, Orem J, Tumwesigye NM, Kalungi S, Ariaka H, Mungherera M, Nyankori F, Mukunya D, Katumba FS. The profile and causes of death among medical doctors and dental surgeons in Uganda: 1986 to 2016. Afr Health Sci 2022; 22:656-665. [PMID: 36910360 PMCID: PMC9993294 DOI: 10.4314/ahs.v22i3.70] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The loss of health workers through death is of great importance and interest to the public, media and the medical profession as it has very profound social and professional consequences on the delivery of health services. Objective To describe the profile, causes and patterns of death among medical doctors and dental surgeons in Uganda between 1986 and 2016. Methods We conducted a retrospective descriptive study of mortality among registered medical doctors and dental surgeons. Information on each case was collected using a standard questionnaire and analysed. Cause of death was determined using pathology reports, and if unavailable, verbal autopsies. We summarized our findings across decades using means and standard deviations, proportions and line graphs as appropriate. Cuzick's test for trend was used to assess crude change in characteristics across the three decades. To estimate the change in deaths across decades adjusted for age and sex, we fit a logistic regression model, and used the margins command with a dy/dx option. All analyses were done in Stata version 14.0 (Stata Corp, College Station, TX). Results There were 489 deaths registered between 1986 and 2016. Of these, 59 (12.1%) were female. The mean age at death was 48.8 years (Standard Deviation (SD) 15.1) among male and 40.1 years (SD 12.8) among females. We ascertained the cause of death for 468/489 (95.7%). The most common causes of death were HIV/AIDS (218/468, 46.6%), cancer (68/468, 14.5%), non-communicable diseases (62/48, 13.3%), alcohol related deaths (36, 7.7%), road traffic accidents (34, 7.3%), gunshots (11, 2.4%), among others. After adjusting for age and sex, HIV/AIDs attributable deaths decreased by 33 percentage points between the decade of 1986 to1995 and that of 2006 to 2016 -0.33 (-0.44, -0.21. During the same period, cancer attributable deaths increased by 13 percentage periods 0.13 (0.05,0.20). Conclusion The main causes of death were HIV/AIDS, cancer, non-communicable diseases, alcohol-related diseases and road traffic accidents. There was a general downward trend in the HIV/AIDS related deaths and a general upward trend in cancer related deaths. Doctors should be targeted for preventive and support services especially for both communicable and non-communicable diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Nazarius Mbona Tumwesigye
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Makerere University College of Health Sciences
| | - Sam Kalungi
- Department of Pathology, Mulago National Referral Hospital
| | | | | | | | - David Mukunya
- Department of Community and Public Health, Busitema University.,Department of Research, Nikao Medical Center, Kampala, Uganda
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15
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Maljichi D, Limani B, Spier TE, Angjelkoska V, Stojković Zlatanović S, Maljichi D, Alloqi Tahirbegolli I, Tahirbegolli B, Kulanić A, Agolli Nasufi I, Kovač-Orlandić M. (Dis)trust in doctors and public and private healthcare institutions in the Western Balkans. Health Expect 2022; 25:2015-2024. [PMID: 35781914 PMCID: PMC9327848 DOI: 10.1111/hex.13562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2022] [Revised: 05/20/2022] [Accepted: 06/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Considering the geopolitical changes in the six Western Balkan countries—Albania, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Kosovo, Montenegro, North Macedonia and Serbia—over the last three decades, particularly as it concerns the progress and changes in the healthcare systems, we argue that there is a need for a detailed analysis of people's trust in those healthcare systems and healthcare providers. Methods In this cross‐sectional, intercountry study, we examine the trust trends of Western Balkans citizens in medical doctors and public and private healthcare institutions from 25 July 2021 to 30 October 2021, with 3789 participants using a self‐reported questionnaire, and Google Forms. Snowball sampling is used to collect data from six Western Balkans countries: Albania, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Kosovo, Montenegro, North Macedonia and Serbia. Findings The primary findings of our study show that citizens in the Western Balkans have a low level of trust in their healthcare system (X̄ = 4.3/10). Medical doctors working in private healthcare institutions, on the other hand, are afforded a higher level of trust (X̄ = 6.6/10) than those working in public healthcare institutions (X̄ = 5.7/10). In the event that they or their family members need to visit a health institution, half of the study participants would choose private healthcare institutions over public ones. We found a statistically significant difference between countries on the mean points from the questions concerning one's trust in the healthcare system, private healthcare institutions and medical doctors working in public and private sectors (p < .05). Conclusion Despite its limitations, this study is the first cross‐sectional research on the ‘trust interface’ among western Balkan citizens, revealing that they have low trust in their healthcare systems. Public Contribution The information in this manuscript was gathered on the level of 3789 citizens from six Western Balkan countries. Before we began collecting data, we conducted a piloting procedure with 40 citizens who were clients of health institutions to validate the data collection questionnaire.
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Affiliation(s)
- Driton Maljichi
- Social Science Department, University St. Cyril and Methodius, Skopje, North Macedonia
| | - Blerim Limani
- Liberal Arts Department, American University of Middle East, Kuwait City, Kuwait
| | - Troy E Spier
- English Department, Universidad San Francisco de Quito, Quito, Ecuador
| | - Violeta Angjelkoska
- Faculty of Communication and IT, American University of Europe-FON, Skopje, North Macedonia
| | | | - Drita Maljichi
- Management in Tourism and Hospitality Department, Pjeter Budi College, Prishtina, Kosovo
| | - Iliriana Alloqi Tahirbegolli
- Department of Health Institutions and Services Management
- Nursing Department, Heimerer College, Prishtina, Kosovo.,Hematology Clinic, University Clinical Center of Kosovo, Prishtina, Kosovo
| | - Bernard Tahirbegolli
- Department of Health Institutions and Services Management
- Nursing Department, Heimerer College, Prishtina, Kosovo.,National Sports Medicine Centre, Prishtina, Kosovo
| | - Ahmed Kulanić
- Institute for Bosniak Studies, Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina.,Research Center for Neighbouring Countries and Regions, Istanbul Ticaret University, Istanbul, Turkey
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mihajlo Jakovljevic
- Institute of Advanced Manufacturing Technologies, Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University, St. Petersburg, Russia.,Institute of Comparative Economic Studies, Hosei University, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Global Health Economics and Policy, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia
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17
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Boillat T, Nawaz FA, Rivas H. Readiness to Embrace Artificial Intelligence Among Medical Doctors and Students: Questionnaire-Based Study. JMIR Med Educ 2022; 8:e34973. [PMID: 35412463 PMCID: PMC9044144 DOI: 10.2196/34973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2021] [Revised: 02/14/2022] [Accepted: 02/17/2022] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Similar to understanding how blood pressure is measured by a sphygmomanometer, physicians will soon have to understand how an artificial intelligence-based application has come to the conclusion that a patient has hypertension, diabetes, or cancer. Although there are an increasing number of use cases where artificial intelligence is or can be applied to improve medical outcomes, the extent to which medical doctors and students are ready to work and leverage this paradigm is unclear. OBJECTIVE This research aims to capture medical students' and doctors' level of familiarity toward artificial intelligence in medicine as well as their challenges, barriers, and potential risks linked to the democratization of this new paradigm. METHODS A web-based questionnaire comprising five dimensions-demographics, concepts and definitions, training and education, implementation, and risks-was systematically designed from a literature search. It was completed by 207 participants in total, of which 105 (50.7%) medical doctors and 102 (49.3%) medical students trained in all continents, with most of them in Europe, the Middle East, Asia, and North America. RESULTS The results revealed no significant difference in the familiarity of artificial intelligence between medical doctors and students (P=.91), except that medical students perceived artificial intelligence in medicine to lead to higher risks for patients and the field of medicine in general (P<.001). We also identified a rather low level of familiarity with artificial intelligence (medical students=2.11/5; medical doctors=2.06/5) as well as a low attendance to education or training. Only 2.9% (3/105) of medical doctors attended a course on artificial intelligence within the previous year, compared with 9.8% (10/102) of medical students. The complexity of the field of medicine was considered one of the biggest challenges (medical doctors=3.5/5; medical students=3.8/5), whereas the reduction of physicians' skills was the most important risk (medical doctors=3.3; medical students=3.6; P=.03). CONCLUSIONS The question is not whether artificial intelligence will be used in medicine, but when it will become a standard practice for optimizing health care. The low level of familiarity with artificial intelligence identified in this study calls for the implementation of specific education and training in medical schools and hospitals to ensure that medical professionals can leverage this new paradigm and improve health outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Boillat
- Design Lab, College of Medicine, Mohammed Bin Rashid University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| | - Faisal A Nawaz
- College of Medicine, Mohammed Bin Rashid University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| | - Homero Rivas
- Design Lab, College of Medicine, Mohammed Bin Rashid University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
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18
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Zgliczyński WS, Bartosiński J, Rostkowska OM. Knowledge and Practice of Antibiotic Management and Prudent Prescribing among Polish Medical Doctors. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2022; 19:3739. [PMID: 35329427 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19063739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2022] [Revised: 03/11/2022] [Accepted: 03/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is an urgent public health issue. The role of medical doctors in proper antibiotic use is crucial. The aim of this study was to evaluate the knowledge and practices of Polish doctors of antimicrobial prescribing and antibiotic resistance. The study group consisted of 504 medical doctors with an average age 32.8 ± 5.9 years, mostly women (65%). The paper questionnaire was developed on the basis of a survey tool developed by the European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC) and Public Health England (PHE). According to our study, physicians were aware that: taking antibiotics has side effects, antibiotics cannot be used against viruses, unnecessary use of antibiotics leads to AMR and that healthy people can carry resistant bacteria (each item ≥98% correct responses). Only 47% of respondents knew that the use of antibiotics as growth stimulants in livestock is illegal in the EU. Of the respondents, 98.61% saw the connection between prescribing antibiotics and AMR. However, 65.28% of the respondents reported a lack of appropriate materials on AMR counseling. Nearly 92.5% of participants “never” or “rarely” gave out resources on prudent antibiotic use. Physicians in Poland underestimate the role of hand hygiene in stimulating antibiotic resistance (ABR) (74.4%), while demonstrating satisfying knowledge about antimicrobial use, the clinical application of antimicrobial guidelines and prevention of ABR. However, educational interventions are needed to help lead challenging communication with assertive patients. Appropriate patient resources would be helpful in reaching this goal.
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19
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Muntean LM, Nireștean A, Popa CO, Strete EG, Ghiga DV, Sima-Comaniciu A, Lukacs E. The Relationship between Emotional Stability, Psychological Well-Being and Life Satisfaction of Romanian Medical Doctors during COVID-19 Period: A Cross-Sectional Study. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2022; 19. [PMID: 35270629 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19052937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2022] [Revised: 02/24/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, as well as the fast progression of modern society, occupational stress has recently reached alarming levels with consequences for doctors’ psychological well-being. The aim of this study was to analyze the relationship among emotional stability, psychological well-being, and life satisfaction of medical doctors. We conducted a cross-sectional study on 280 medical doctors from Romania between February 2021 and September 2021, in the period between the third and fourth pandemic waves, who were evaluated by the DECAS, ASSET, and Satisfaction with Life scales. Our results showed that emotional stability is negatively correlated with psychological well-being (r = −0.526, p < 0.000) and positively correlated with life satisfaction (r = 0.319, p < 0.0001). Between psychological well-being and life satisfaction, we found a negative correlation (r = −0.046, p < 0.001). This study shows that there is a correlation among emotional stability, psychological well-being, and life satisfaction, which is why it can be considered that Romanian doctors have generated coping mechanisms during the COVID-19 pandemic.
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20
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Shrestha S, Tranvåg O. Dementia care in Nepalese old age homes: Critical challenges as perceived by healthcare professionals. Int J Older People Nurs 2022; 17:e12449. [PMID: 35139253 DOI: 10.1111/opn.12449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2020] [Revised: 09/07/2021] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
AIM To explore and describe critical challenges in current dementia care practice as perceived by healthcare professionals (HCPs) in old age homes (OAHs) in Kathmandu, Nepal. BACKGROUND In Nepal, the number of older people with dementia is rapidly rising, and there is a need for knowledge of how to provide quality dementia care in OAHs. METHODS An exploratory hermeneutic design, employing qualitative interviews with eleven HCPs caring for residents with dementia in a total of five OAHs. FINDINGS The analysis showed that HCPs found limited educational training in dementia-specific care to be a critical challenge leading to reduced quality in caregiving practice. Insufficient HCP competence in dementia-specific care undermined adequate coping with residents' cognitive disturbances and the behavioural and psychological symptoms in dementia (BPSD). Poor HCP/medical doctor (MD)-to-patient ratio was perceived as a critical challenge preventing proper diagnostic examination, treatment and dementia-specific care practice. CONCLUSIONS Limited educational training, sparse competence in mastering residents' cognitive disturbances and BPSD, and insufficient resources to ensure sufficient numbers of HCPs and MDs for proper diagnostic examination, treatment and dementia-specific care were identified as critical challenges restricting quality dementia care in these Nepalese OAHs. IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE The study findings indicate a need for a clear Nepalese policy and a national plan for dementia care in OAHs that includes strategies for HCP educational training and how to provide resources to ensure a sufficient workforce of HCPs and MDs for proper diagnostic examination, treatment and dementia-specific care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soni Shrestha
- Centre for International Health, Department of Global Public Health and Primary Care, Faculty of Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Oscar Tranvåg
- Department of Health and Caring Sciences, Faculty of Health and Social Sciences, Western Norway University of Applied Sciences, Bergen, Norway
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21
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Zhu P, Liu X, Wu Q, Loke J, Lim D, Xu H. China's Successful Recruitment of Healthcare Professionals to the Worst-Hit City: A Lesson Learned. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2021; 18:ijerph18168737. [PMID: 34444486 PMCID: PMC8393906 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18168737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2021] [Revised: 08/16/2021] [Accepted: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The outbreak of coronavirus disease in 2019 (COVID-19) in Wuhan has led Chinese health authorities to recruit healthcare providers from the least-affected areas to provide care to the infected patients in Wuhan. We took further steps to explain some plausible reasons for their experiences. We used interpretative phenomenological analysis (IPA) to understand the subjective experiences, as well as the reasons for these experiences among the healthcare providers who had traveled from the least-affected parts of China to render aid during Wuhan’s COVID-19 outbreak. Using purposive and snowball sampling, healthcare professionals were recruited from three major hospitals in Jiangsu province. Semi-structured interviews were conducted from 1 September to 14 November 2020 in face-to-face contexts. Ten nurses and four doctors provided their informed consent for the study. The primary superordinate theme from the responses highlighted how social identity and individual needs were challenged by each individual’s professional ethics. COVID-19 not only presents significant risks to the health of nurses and medical doctors; it further challenges their emotional and psychosocial wellbeing. Care should be taken in allocating support and help, with the careful deployment of professional values and beliefs, so that any human resource as precious as medical doctors and nurses can be protected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pingting Zhu
- Nursing School, Yangzhou University, 136 Jiangyang Middle Road, Yangzhou 225009, China; (X.L.); (Q.W.); (H.X.)
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, 136 Jiangyang Middle Road, Yangzhou 225009, China
- Correspondence: (P.Z.); (J.L.)
| | - Xinyi Liu
- Nursing School, Yangzhou University, 136 Jiangyang Middle Road, Yangzhou 225009, China; (X.L.); (Q.W.); (H.X.)
| | - Qiwei Wu
- Nursing School, Yangzhou University, 136 Jiangyang Middle Road, Yangzhou 225009, China; (X.L.); (Q.W.); (H.X.)
| | - Jennifer Loke
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Hull, Cottingham Road, Hull HU67RX, UK
- Park View Surgery, 87 Beverley Road, Hessle HU13 9AJ, UK;
- Correspondence: (P.Z.); (J.L.)
| | - Deborah Lim
- Park View Surgery, 87 Beverley Road, Hessle HU13 9AJ, UK;
| | - Huiwen Xu
- Nursing School, Yangzhou University, 136 Jiangyang Middle Road, Yangzhou 225009, China; (X.L.); (Q.W.); (H.X.)
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Raffing R, Jensen TB, Larsen S, Konge L, Møller C, Tønnesen H. Facilitators and Barriers for Young Medical Doctors Writing Their First Manuscript for Publication. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2021; 18:8571. [PMID: 34444318 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18168571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2021] [Revised: 08/04/2021] [Accepted: 08/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Although scientific publication is often mandatory in medical professions, writing the first research article for publication is challenging, especially as medical curricula have only a minor focus on scientific writing. The aim was therefore to identify facilitators and barriers experienced by medical doctors writing their first scientific article for publication. An explorative inductive approach made use of semi-structured interviews for collecting data until saturation. Data were analyzed with systematic text condensation. Several barriers were identified: (a) writing in general; (b) writing in English; (c) dealing with content, structure, and presentation; and (d) navigating in the author group. Good supervision in the initial writing phase was a facilitating factor. Medical doctors requested a course in which they could work on their own articles and give feedback to fellow students. They valued skilled lecturers and individual supervision, and they wanted to learn about author instructions, how to present text correctly, and how to sell their core message. Their goal was to create a useful end product and to obtain European Credit Transfer System (ECTS) points. The facilitators and barriers that medical doctors experience when writing their first scientific article for publication and their course requests should be reflected in the learning objectives and content of future courses.
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Olaya B, Pérez-Moreno M, Bueno-Notivol J, Gracia-García P, Lasheras I, Santabárbara J. Prevalence of Depression among Healthcare Workers during the COVID-19 Outbreak: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. J Clin Med 2021; 10:jcm10153406. [PMID: 34362188 PMCID: PMC8348388 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10153406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2021] [Revised: 07/22/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: There is evidence of a high psychological toll from the COVID-19 pandemic in healthcare workers. This paper was aimed at conducting a systematic review and meta-analysis of studies reporting levels of depression among healthcare workers during the COVID-19 and estimating the pooled prevalence of depression. Methods: We searched for cross-sectional studies listed on PubMed from 1 December 2019 to 15 September 2020 that reported prevalence of depression in healthcare workers, nurses, medical doctors, and COVID-19 frontline professionals. The pooled proportions of depression were calculated with random effects models. Results: We identified 57 studies from seventeen countries. The pooled prevalence of depression in healthcare workers was 24% (95% CI: 20–28%), 25% for nurses (95% CI: 18–33%), 24% for medical doctors (95% CI: 16–31%), and 43% for frontline professionals (95% CI: 28–59%). Conclusions: The proportion of depression in nurses and medical doctors during the COVID-19 pandemic was similar to that found in the general population as previously reported in other meta-analyses conducted with smaller numbers of studies. Importantly, almost half of the frontline healthcare workers showed increased levels of depression. There is need for a comprehensive, international response to prevent and treat common mental health problems in healthcare workers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatriz Olaya
- Research, Innovation and Teaching Unit, Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, Universitat de Barcelona, 08830 Sant Boi de Llobregat, Spain;
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Ministry of Science and Innovation, 28029 Madrid, Spain;
| | - María Pérez-Moreno
- Hospitalary Pharmacy Service, Hospital Universitario Miguel Servet, Paseo Isabel la Católica, 1-3, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain;
| | - Juan Bueno-Notivol
- Psychiatry Service, Hospital Universitario Miguel Servet, Paseo Isabel la Católica, 1-3, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-659-743-354
| | - Patricia Gracia-García
- Psychiatry Service, Hospital Universitario Miguel Servet, Paseo Isabel la Católica, 1-3, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain;
| | - Isabel Lasheras
- Department of Microbiology, Pediatrics, Radiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Zaragoza, Building A, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain;
| | - Javier Santabárbara
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Ministry of Science and Innovation, 28029 Madrid, Spain;
- Department of Microbiology, Pediatrics, Radiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Zaragoza, Building A, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain;
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Aragón (IIS Aragón), Avenue San Juan Bosco, 13, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW The COVID-19 outbreak has had major impact on individual's psychological health and overall well being worldwide. Evidence shows that these psychological challenges are especially prominent in healthcare workers (HCW); especially in nurses. Indeed, several studies report that nurses suffer more psychologically because of the consequences of the pandemic compared with medical doctors. To further look into this, we systematically review the recent literature to see whether the psychological impact of the COVID-19 pandemic differs between medical doctors and nurses across studies and which aspects of mental health are especially affected in nurses. RECENT FINDINGS Across studies, there is solid evidence that nurses show poorer mental health outcomes compared with medical doctors during the COVID-19 pandemic. This is especially true for symptoms of depression, anxiety and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Here, prevalence rates in nurses are often higher than 50%. In contrast, general stress levels and burnout seem to be comparable between nurses and medical doctors. SUMMARY Given that nurses suffer more from depression, anxiety and PTSD symptoms during the COVID-19 pandemic, special programs addressing their needs are required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miriam Kunz
- Department of Medical Psychology and Sociology
| | - Martina Strasser
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics of the University Augsburg, Bezirkskrankenhaus Augsburg, Medical Faculty, University of Augsburg, Augsburg, German
| | - Alkomiet Hasan
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics of the University Augsburg, Bezirkskrankenhaus Augsburg, Medical Faculty, University of Augsburg, Augsburg, German
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Sultana S, Islam MT, Salwa M, Zakir Hossain SM, Hasan MN, Masum AA, Khan AH, Khan MMH, Haque MA. Duration and Risk Factors of Post-COVID Symptoms Following Recovery Among the Medical Doctors in Bangladesh. Cureus 2021; 13:e15351. [PMID: 34239785 PMCID: PMC8245646 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.15351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/31/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
A large number of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) recovered patients are suffering from related symptoms. We conducted telephone interviews with 186 COVID-19 recovered medical doctors to determine the post-COVID symptoms, duration, and associated risk factors. About 70% of participants had at least one acute post-COVID symptom, including fatigue (43.0%), sleep disturbance (13.4%), lack of concentration (11.8%), breathing difficulty (10.2%), headache (6.5%), and muscle pain (6.5%). However, about 24% of participants reported having long post-COVID symptoms. Logistic regression analysis showed that female sex (odds ratio {OR}, 2.79; 95% CI, 1.28-6.06; p-value: 0.010) and comorbid conditions (OR, 2.28; 95% CI, 1.08-4.79; p: value, 0.030) are risk factors for the long post-COVID symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarmin Sultana
- Department of Public Health and Informatics, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University, Dhaka, BGD
| | - Mohammad Tanvir Islam
- Department of Internal Medicine, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University, Dhaka, BGD
| | - Marium Salwa
- Department of Public Health and Informatics, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University, Dhaka, BGD
| | - Shah M Zakir Hossain
- Department of Nephrology, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University, Dhaka, BGD
| | - Md Nazmul Hasan
- Department of Internal Medicine, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University, Dhaka, BGD
| | - Abdullah A Masum
- Department of Internal Medicine, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University, Dhaka, BGD
| | - Abed H Khan
- Department of Internal Medicine, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University, Dhaka, BGD
| | - Md Maruf Haque Khan
- Department of Public Health and Informatics, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University, Dhaka, BGD
| | - M Atiqul Haque
- Department of Public Health and Informatics, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University, Dhaka, BGD
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Rambarran N, Goodman J, Simpson J. Providing Care to LGBT Patients in Guyana: An Assessment of Medical Providers' Knowledge, Attitudes and Readiness to Learn. Int J Sex Health 2020; 33:18-28. [PMID: 38596475 PMCID: PMC10807803 DOI: 10.1080/19317611.2020.1846656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2020] [Revised: 10/26/2020] [Accepted: 11/01/2020] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
This study investigated the knowledge, attitudes and desire for continued education among Guyanese doctors with regards to LGBT health. It utilized a mixed methodology of quantitative, self-administered online surveys among 90 doctors, and qualitative semi-structured individual interviews with 8 other doctors. Descriptive and analytic calculations were performed on the quantitative data while thematic analysis was used for the qualitative data. The results show moderate knowledge levels regarding LGBT health, with deficits in awareness of LGBT health disparities; generally nondiscriminatory attitudes; and suboptimal education on LGBT health. Further training and pre-service curricular changes are necessary to address gaps and improve competency.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jeffrey Goodman
- LGBT Health Policy and Practice, George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA
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Abstract
Malta is the only EU country where abortion remains illegal in all circumstances. This study aims to assess the previously unexplored views of Malta’s medical doctors on the legality of contraception, abortion, assisted reproductive technology and surrogacy. Following ethics approval, 1578 out of a total of 2468 registered medical doctors in Malta were invited for an anonymous survey. The response rate was 28.8% (n = 454), guaranteeing a maximum margin of error of 4.16% assuming a 95% confidence level. Responses consisted of “Yes”, “No”, and “Not sure”. In the abortion section, “Yes” responses were specific to different gestational age limits. A majority supported all contraceptive methods being legal: morning-after pill (59.7%); intra-uterine device (85.9%); surgical sterilisation (>70%). A majority also agreed with in-vitro fertilisation being legal (93.8%). Embryo freezing and surrogacy garnered less support (39.9% and 40.5% respectively). Legalising abortion for “Woman’s life in danger” and “Non-viable fetal anomaly” was supported at least up to 12 weeks gestation by 66.8% and 63.0% respectively, and in all stages of pregnancy by 54.2% and 50.2% respectively. Support, at least up to 12 weeks gestation, was less for other circumstances: “Rape or incest” (35.3%); “Preserve a woman’s physical health” (30.0%); “Preserve a woman’s mental health” (26.8%); “Viable fetal anomaly” (24.6%); “<16 years of age” (23.8%); “Economic/social reasons” (18.9%); “Any circumstance” (14.5%). According to the surveyed respondents, there is at present a clear majority of doctors in Malta who do not agree with the total legal ban on abortion and support its legalisation in limited circumstances.
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Bazoukis X, Kalampokis N, Papoudou-Bai A, Bazoukis G, Grivas N. The increasing incidence of immigration and information-seeking behaviour of medical doctors in north-western Greece. Rural Remote Health 2020; 20:4877. [PMID: 32200643 DOI: 10.22605/rrh4877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Brain drain, an increasing phenomenon, can be defined as the international transfer of resources, in the form of a highly educated workforce, from developing to more developed countries. The tendency for migration leads to the activation of informational behaviour. The aim of this study was to search for the main causes of emigration of Greek medical doctors while their country suffers from an economic crisis. METHODS A cross-sectional study using a quantitative sampling method in the form of questionnaires was performed. These questionnaires were answered by 143 doctors working in the National Health System in the city of Ioannina in north-western Greece. Correlations between the examined parameters and predictive factors of immigration trend were recorded. RESULTS A total of 85% of the respondents were dissatisfied with their wage, only 30% were sure that they would keep their current job and nearly 52% of them answered negatively to questions regarding their professional development. Only 33% of the physicians were negatively disposed towards moving abroad. Most of them were permanent personnel. Unsatisfactory wages, job uncertainty, non-permanent working status and low professional development opportunities were correlated with the phenomenon of immigration (all p<0.001). In the multivariate binary logistic regression analysis, lower wage (odds ratio (OR)=0.66, 95% confidence interval (CI)=0.453-0.961, p=0.03) and job uncertainty (OR=1.355, 95%CI=1.040-1.767, p=0.025) were independent predictors of the immigration trend. CONCLUSION The tendency of Greek medical doctors to emigrate is strongly related to financial dissatisfaction, professional insecurity and minimal development opportunities. Especially in rural areas these high immigration trends can result in a shortage of GPs. The need for emigration is less common among qualified doctors with permanent contracts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xenophon Bazoukis
- Department of Urology, G. Hatzikosta General Hospital, Ioannina, Greece
| | | | - Alexandra Papoudou-Bai
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Ioannina, Greece
| | - George Bazoukis
- Department of Cardiology, General Hospital of Athens “Evangelismos”, Athens, Greece
| | - Nikolaos Grivas
- Department of Urology, G. Hatzikosta General Hospital, Ioannina, Greece
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Vassilaki M, Syrjanen JA, Kremers WK, Hagen PT, Knopman DS, Mielke MM, Geda YE, Alhurani RE, Machulda MM, Roberts RO, Petersen RC. Medical Doctors and Dementia: A Longitudinal Study. J Am Geriatr Soc 2020; 68:1250-1255. [PMID: 32086949 DOI: 10.1111/jgs.16375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2019] [Revised: 01/14/2020] [Accepted: 01/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine the association between being a medical doctor (MD) and the risk of incident dementia. DESIGN Cohort study. SETTING Olmsted County, Minnesota. PARTICIPANTS A total of 3460 participants (including 104 MDs), aged 70 years or older, of the population-based Mayo Clinic Study of Aging. MEASUREMENTS Participants were randomly selected from the community and had comprehensive cognitive evaluations at baseline and approximately every 15 months to assess for diagnosis of dementia. For participants who withdrew from the follow-up, dementia diagnosis was also assessed using information available in their medical record. The associations were examined using Cox proportional hazards models, adjusting for sex, education, and apolipoprotein E ε4, using age as the time scale. RESULTS MDs were older (vs "general population"), and most were males (93.3%). MDs without dementia at baseline did not have a significantly different risk for incident dementia (hazard ratio = 1.12; 95% confidence interval = 0.69-1.82; P = .64) compared to the general population. CONCLUSIONS Although the study includes a small number of older, mainly male, MDs, it provides a preliminary insight on cognitive health later in life in MDs, while most previous studies examine the health of younger MDs. Larger longitudinal studies are needed to examine these associations and investigate if associations are modified by sex. J Am Geriatr Soc 68:1250-1255, 2020.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Vassilaki
- Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Jeremy A Syrjanen
- Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Walter K Kremers
- Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Philip T Hagen
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | | | - Michelle M Mielke
- Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota.,Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Yonas E Geda
- Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota.,Department of Psychiatry and Psychology and Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, Arizona
| | - Rabe E Alhurani
- Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota.,Department of Internal Medicine, West Suburban Medical Center, Oak Park, Illinois
| | - Mary M Machulda
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Rosebud O Roberts
- Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota.,Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Ronald C Petersen
- Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota.,Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
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Nikolić D, Višnjić A. Mobbing and Violence at Work as Hidden Stressors and Work Ability Among Emergency Medical Doctors in Serbia. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020; 56:E31. [PMID: 31941159 DOI: 10.3390/medicina56010031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2019] [Revised: 12/18/2019] [Accepted: 12/28/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Background and Objectives: People employed in emergency medical services represent a professional group which encounters events beyond ordinary human experience, great work demands, the risk of professional disputes, and stressful situations. The goal of this study is to examine the presence of mobbing and violence at work, as well as their influence on work ability of emergency medical doctors. Materials and Methods: The survey is conducted in Emergency Medical Service (EMS) in Niš in the period between December 2017 and January 2018. Using standardized questionnaires on psychosocial conditions in work environment (COPSOQ II) and work ability index (WAI) this study encompasses 79 doctors. For estimation of the examined factors’ influence on WAI linear regression analysis was used. Results: EMS doctors were exposed to abuse in 30.4% of the cases. The decline in WAI is significantly related with exposure to violence by patients (β = 0.727), exposure to physical violence (β = 0.896), exposure to abuse several times (β = 0.691) and exposure to ill-treatment by patients (β = 0.750). Conclusion: The results indicate that in the examined doctors mobbing and workplace violence are very much present and have a negative impact on their work, and therefore on the quality of health care.
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Dauda AM, Ozoh JO, Towobola OA. Medical doctors' awareness of radiation exposure in diagnostic radiology investigations in a South African academic institution. SA J Radiol 2019; 23:1707. [PMID: 31754532 PMCID: PMC6837774 DOI: 10.4102/sajr.v23i1.1707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2018] [Accepted: 02/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Diagnostic investigations using radiation have become a critical feature of medical practice in recent times. However, the possibility of doctors’ underestimation of risks of over-exposure of patients to diagnostic radiation still warrants further evaluation. Objectives To investigate doctors’ awareness of diagnostic radiation exposure at Dr George Mukhari Academic Hospital, South Africa. Methods This was a cross-sectional, analytical investigation of the awareness of doctors about radiation exposure in diagnostic radiology investigations. A cluster sampling technique was employed to recruit 217 participants. Consent and approval of the participants were sought and obtained before questionnaire administration during departmental meetings between October 2017 and March 2018. Results Of the participants, 80% had no formal training on radiation exposure and 33.8% of them correctly estimated natural background radiation. Correct estimates of the effective dose from a single-view abdominal X-ray (AXR) were expressed by 7.5%, quantity of radiation of a single-phase computed tomography (CT) abdomen by 30.3% and dosage from a two-view unilateral mammogram by 29.1% of the participants. More than 75% of participants agreed that children are more sensitive to radiation, but only 10.5% suggested medical termination of pregnancy for a woman who had CT abdomen and pelvis with contrast. Dosage and risk of inducing fatal cancer from common but more complex imaging procedures were poorly understood. Only the doctors of the radiology department showed a statistically significant (p < 0.0001) association with regards to their radiation awareness. Conclusion Because of the high rate of poor awareness of radiation risks observed in this study, it is important to initiate, early in the medical curriculum for medical students, the need for a rotation in the Department of Radiology, similar to such rotations in other medical specialties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akingboye M Dauda
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology and Imaging, Dr George Mukhari Academic Hospital, Ga-Rankuwa, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - John O Ozoh
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology and Imaging, Dr George Mukhari Academic Hospital, Ga-Rankuwa, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Olakunle A Towobola
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Sefako Makgatho Health Sciences University, Ga-Rankuwa, Pretoria, South Africa
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Marte M, Cappellano E, Sestili C, Mannocci A, La Torre G. Le aggressioni al personale sanitario, uno studio osservazionale nei medici dell’Ordine di Roma. Med Lav 2019; 110:130-141. [PMID: 30990474 PMCID: PMC7809968 DOI: 10.23749/mdl.v110i2.7807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2018] [Revised: 02/04/2019] [Accepted: 03/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Aggressions to healthcare personnel are a growing and underestimated phenomenon. The damage to the individual and to the community is real, since the assaults increase work stress and can also lead to sickness absence. Moreover, the consequences on the quality of care and economic repercussions need to be taken into account. OBJECTIVE To estimate the prevalence of violence towards medical personnel of the College of Physicians and Surgeons of Rome and to evaluate its association with socio-demographic variables. METHODS Cross-sectional study. espondents completed an online questionnaire composed of 30 questions on personal information, work, any aggression suffered and opinions about the phenomenon. Descriptive statistical analysis, univariate, bivariate and multivariate analyses were performed. RESULTS Out of 956 responders, 66.5% experienced at least one episode of aggression during their working life. Women were more likely victims than men (71%), especially due to verbal aggression (OR 1.53, 95%CI: 1.16-2.02). Age acts as a protective factor (OR 0.97; 95%CI: 0.96-0.99). The subjects with a full time position (OR 2.1; 95%CI: 1.46-3.05) seem to be more at risk. In addition, the doctors employed in the territorial structures of the National Health System (OR 2.08; 95%CI: 1.36-3.18), as well as in the local emergency services (OR 3.39; 95%CI: 1.14-10.05) and in social security institutions (OR 9.58; 95%CI:1.2-76.41) were more at risk. CONCLUSIONS The results of this study reveal that the phenomenon of aggression is not negligible, and that awareness on the issue and staff training is essential.
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Bentley M, Dummond N, Isaac V, Hodge H, Walters L. Doctors' rural practice self-efficacy is associated with current and intended small rural locations of practice. Aust J Rural Health 2019; 27:146-152. [PMID: 30957340 PMCID: PMC7328767 DOI: 10.1111/ajr.12486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2017] [Revised: 09/10/2018] [Accepted: 10/08/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Key factors which positively influence recruitment and retention of doctors to rural practice include rural background and positive rural training experience. Despite this knowledge, there is no well‐established conceptual framework to explain how these factors influence intention. The aim of this study was to consider rural practice self‐efficacy and its influence on rural career choice by doctors. Questions relating to self‐efficacy were formulated using Bandura's four proposed sources of self‐efficacy, which include mastery experiences, vicarious experience, social persuasion and emotional and physical response to experiences. Design Cross‐sectional study. Setting and participants Medical school graduates from Flinders University, who completed a rural year as a part of the clinical component of the course between 1997 and 2015. Main outcome measures Rural self‐efficacy; current and intended location of practice in small rural communities (<25 000 people). Result It was found that 28.5% of participants were currently working in communities of <25 000 people. Levels of intent for future small town rural practice were consistent across career stages after internship. Higher rural practice self‐efficacy scores were found in doctors working in smaller towns (<25 000) and small communities (<10 000). Higher self‐efficacy was also associated with rural background, more senior career status, earlier speciality decision time and smaller expectation‐experience gap. Conclusion An independent association exists between rural self‐efficacy and intention to remain or return to small rural practice. The article offers rural clinical schools the opportunity to consider how they can influence future rural career outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megan Bentley
- Flinders University Rural Health South Australia, Flinders University, Mount Gambier, South Australia, Australia
| | - Nadine Dummond
- Flinders University Rural Health South Australia, Flinders University, Renmark, South Australia, Australia
| | - Vivian Isaac
- Flinders University Rural Health South Australia, Flinders University, Renmark, South Australia, Australia
| | - Heidi Hodge
- Mid North Knowledge Partnership, Flinders University Rural Health South Australia, Flinders University, Burra, South Australia, Australia
| | - Lucie Walters
- Flinders University Rural Health South Australia, Flinders University, Mount Gambier, South Australia, Australia
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Olsson C, Kalén S, Mellstrand Navarro C, Ponzer S. Swedish doctors' experiences and personality regarding medical specialty choice: a qualitative study. Int J Med Educ 2019; 10:36-42. [PMID: 30825367 PMCID: PMC6766387 DOI: 10.5116/ijme.5c60.1c63] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2018] [Accepted: 02/10/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To explore an understanding of medical doctors' entire process of specialty choice with a focus on the influence of personal experiences and personality traits on choices made. METHODS A qualitative study was performed. Semi-structured individual interviews were conducted with medical doctors undergoing their specialty training in Sweden about their experiences and personalities. The transcribed interviews were analyzed with an inductive content analysis approach. RESULTS A total of 15 medical doctors participated. Three themes were identified using content analysis: To be invited or not, to fit in or not and to contribute or not. Furthermore, the results refute that specialty choice is a long-term, complex process. CONCLUSIONS First, the importance of being invited to the specialty choice was stressed by the doctors, especially in their early years when they needed to feel valued and trusted. Secondly, the need to fit in was essential to make a sustainable career choice. Finally, the doctors' expressed a will to contribute to the medical field of their chosen specialty. The interviews showed that specialty choice is a long-term, complex process; therefore, one implication for the healthcare sector would be to target the entire chain of medical education to improve recruitment strategies for those specialties with recruitment difficulties. More studies are needed to understand better how positive and negative encounters within the healthcare sector can influence young doctors' specialty choice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Olsson
- Department of Clinical Science and Education, Södersjukhuset, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Susanne Kalén
- Department of Clinical Science and Education, Södersjukhuset, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | - Sari Ponzer
- Department of Clinical Science and Education, Södersjukhuset, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
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Abstract
INTRODUCTION Almost one third of deaths globally are caused by cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). Certain occupations may promote the development and worsening of risk factor for CVDs. We assessed some traditional cardiovascular risk factors and lifestyle choices that may predispose to CVDs in medical doctors in a tertiary health facility in Southern Nigeria. STUDY DESIGN Cross-sectional study. PARTICIPANTS AND METHODS One hundred sixty-nine apparently healthy medical doctors were recruited. A structured self-administered questionnaire was used to gather data on CVD risk factors. Anthropometric and blood pressure (BP) measurements were taken. RESULTS Majority were males (68.0%), aged 20-39 years (43.8%), single (62.7%), and house officers (58.0%) with<1 year (48.5%) work experience. Over half were either overweight or obese. While 77.2% of those not centrally obese were males, only about 22.8% of females did not meet the criteria for central obesity (P-value < 0.05). While respondents had BP in prehypertensive (48.2%), stage 1 (18.5%), or stage 2 hypertension (3.6%) ranges, only 7.7% had a previous diagnosis of hypertension. Only 25.4% took fruits on a daily basis and engaged in aerobic exercises up to 30 minutes daily or at least 3-5 times a week. Other poor lifestyle choices included non-lean meat intake (76.8%), low water intake (88.2%), and junk food and soda drinks intake (daily 28%, weekly 51.2%). CONCLUSION Findings of a high prevalence of overweight/obesity, physical inactivity, and junk food intake and low fruits intake among doctors is worrisome. There is a need to educate doctors on adopting healthier lifestyles to reduce risk of CVDs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Eze Uzoechi Chikezie
- Department of Mental Health, Niger Delta University Teaching Hospital, Okolobiri, Bayelsa, Nigeria
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Begum M, Lewison G, Lawler M, Sullivan R. The value of European immigration for high-level UK research and clinical care: cross-sectional study. J R Soc Med 2018; 112:29-35. [PMID: 30304641 DOI: 10.1177/0141076818803427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The UK's impending departure ('Brexit') from the European Union may lead to restrictions on the immigration of scientists and medical personnel to the UK. We examined how many senior scientists and clinicians were from other countries, particularly from Europe, in two time periods. DESIGN Cross-sectional study. SETTING United Kingdom. PARTICIPANTS Individuals who had been elected as Fellows of the Royal Society or of the Academy of Medical Sciences, and UK medical doctors currently practising and listed in the Medical Register for 2015. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Percentages of Fellows of the Royal Society, Fellows of the Academy of Medical Sciences and UK medical doctors by nationality (UK and Irish: UKI, European: EUR and rest of world: RoW) over time. Fellows of the Royal Society and the Academy of Medical Sciences proportions were assessed for two time periods, and doctors over decades of qualification (<1960s to 2010s). RESULTS Percentages of European Fellows of the Royal Society increased from 0.8% (1952-1992) (the year the UK signed the Maastricht treaty) to 4.3% (1993-2015). For Fellows of the Academy of Medical Sciences, percentages increased from 2.6% (pre-1992) to 8.9% (post-1992) (for both, p < 0.001). In the 1970s, only 6% of doctors were trained in the EU; the proportion increased to 11% in the last two decades (also p < 0.001). Europeans replaced South Asians as the main immigrant group. Among these, doctors from the Czech Republic, Greece, Poland and Romania made the largest contribution. CONCLUSIONS Any post-Brexit restriction on the ability of the UK to attract European researchers and medical doctors may have serious implications for the UK's science leadership globally and healthcare provision locally.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mursheda Begum
- 1 Comprehensive Cancer Centre, Institute of Cancer Policy, School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guy's Hospital, King's College London, London SE1 9RT, UK
| | - Grant Lewison
- 1 Comprehensive Cancer Centre, Institute of Cancer Policy, School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guy's Hospital, King's College London, London SE1 9RT, UK
| | - Mark Lawler
- 2 Centre for Cancer Research and Cell Biology, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast BT9 7AE, UK
| | - Richard Sullivan
- 1 Comprehensive Cancer Centre, Institute of Cancer Policy, School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guy's Hospital, King's College London, London SE1 9RT, UK
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Ali I, Ijaz M, Rehman IU, Rahim A, Ata H. Knowledge, Attitude, Awareness, and Barriers Toward Influenza Vaccination Among Medical Doctors at Tertiary Care Health Settings in Peshawar, Pakistan-A Cross-Sectional Study. Front Public Health 2018; 6:173. [PMID: 29998091 PMCID: PMC6030373 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2018.00173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2017] [Accepted: 05/25/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: This study intends to evaluate the knowledge, attitude and awareness of medical doctors toward influenza vaccination and the reasons for not getting vaccinated. Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out among medical doctors in three major tertiary care health settings in Peshawar, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KP), Pakistan. A web-based, pre-tested questionnaire was used for data collection. Results: A total of (n = 300) medical doctors were invited, however only (n = 215) participated in the study with a response rate of 71.7%. Among the participants, 95.3% (n = 205) were males with a mean age of 28.67 ± 3.89 years. By designation, 121(56.3%) were trainee medical officers and 40 (18.6%) were house officers. The majority 102(47.4%) had a job experience of 1-2 years. Of the total sample, 38 (17.7%) doctors reported having received some kind of vaccination, whereas only 19 (8.84%) were vaccinated against influenza. The results identified that the major barriers toward influenza vaccinations included (1) Unfamiliarity with Influenza vaccination availability (Relative Importance Index RII = 0.830), (2) Unavailability of Influenza vaccines due to lack of proper storage area in the institution (RII = 0.634), (3) Cost of vaccine (RII = 0.608), and (4) insufficient staff to administer vaccine (RII = 0.589). Additionally, 156 (72.6%) of doctors were not aware of the influenza immunization recommendation and guidelines published by the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP) and Centre for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Physicians obtained a high score (8.27 ± 1.61) of knowledge and understanding regarding influenza and its vaccination followed by medical officers (8.06 ± 1.37). Linear Regression analysis revealed that gender was significantly associated with the knowledge score with males having a higher score (8.0± 1.39) than females (6.80 ± 1.61 β = -1.254 and CI [-2.152 to -0.355], p = 0.006). Conclusion: A very low proportion of doctors were vaccinated against influenza, despite the published guidelines and recommendations. Strategies that address multiple aspects like increasing awareness and the importance of the influenza vaccine, the international recommendations and enhancing access and availability of the vaccine are needed to improve its coverage and health outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iftikhar Ali
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Swabi, Swabi, Pakistan
- Department of Pharmacy Services, Northwest General Hospital and Research Center, Peshawar, Pakistan
- Paraplegic Center, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Ijaz
- Department of Medicine, Gajju Khan Medical College, Swabi, Pakistan
| | - Inayat U. Rehman
- School of Pharmacy, Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway, Malaysia
- Department of Pharmacy, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Mardan, Pakistan
| | - Afaq Rahim
- Department of Medicine, Khyber Teaching Hospital, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Humera Ata
- Department of International Maternal and Child Health, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
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Desclaux A. [The silent disappearance of PADHUE doctors: the end of a State injustice or a new form of exclusion?]. Sante Publique 2017; 29:341-344. [PMID: 28737355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Up until recently in France, physicians who obtained their degrees outside the European Union had a specifically disadvantaged status, that was supposed to be eliminated by the end of 2016. Until that date, a selective qualification process authorized foreign physicians to “full practice”. The deadline has been postponed to 2017 to resolve the complicated situations of certain doctors and to avoid tensions in hospital wards. These developments raise questions about the working conditions and motivations for migration of foreign medical doctors, particularly African doctors, who participate in the French healthcare system, and the obstacles to their integration. Does the disappearance of unequal working conditions constitute progress, or does suspension of access to full practice for PADHUE doctors from 2018 constitute a step backwards? Recent social science analyses, particularly on the motivations of African doctors for migration, show complex stakes. In a protectionist French healthcare system willing to maintain health coverage, out of phase with globalization that promotes transnational mobility, the closure of borders for medical doctors who obtained their degrees outside of Europe, that replaces inequality by exclusion, constitutes a subject of debate.
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Maksuti A, Rotar Pavlič D, Deželan T. The Analysis of Slovenian Political Party Programs Regarding Doctors and Health Workers from 1992 to 2014. Zdr Varst 2016; 55:67-77. [PMID: 27647091 PMCID: PMC4820184 DOI: 10.1515/sjph-2016-0010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2015] [Accepted: 10/15/2015] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction The study focuses on the programmatic bases of Slovenian political parties since independence. It presents an analysis of party programs and their preferences regarding doctors and other health workers, as well as the contents most commonly related to them. At the same time, the study also highlights the intensity of the presence of doctors on the policy agenda through time. Methods In the study, 83 program documents of political parties have been analysed. The study includes programmes of political parties that have occurred in parliamentary elections in Slovenia between 1992 and 2014 and have exceeded the parliamentary threshold. The data were analysed using the content analysis method, which is suitable for analysing policy texts. The analysis was performed using ATLAS.ti, the premier software tool for qualitative data analysis. Results The results showed that doctors and other health workers are an important political topic in non-crisis periods. At that time, the parties in the context of doctors mostly dealt with efficiency and the quality of services in the health system. They often criticize doctors and expose the need for their control. In times of economic crisis, doctors and other health workers are less important in normative commitments of parties. Conclusions Slovenian political parties and their platforms cannot be distinguished ideologically, but primarily on the principle of access to government. It seems reasonable to conclude that parties do not engage in dialogue with doctors, and perceive the latter aspassive recipients of government decisions—politics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alem Maksuti
- Faculty of information studies, Novo mesto, Sevno 13, pp. 299, 8000 Novo mesto, Slovenia
| | - Danica Rotar Pavlič
- University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Family Medicine, Poljanski nasip 58, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Tomaž Deželan
- University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Social Sciences, Kardeljeva pl. 5, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
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Oyetola EO, Oyewole T, Adedigba M, Aregbesola ST, Umezudike K, Adewale A. Knowledge and awareness of medical doctors, medical students and nurses about dentistry in Nigeria. Pan Afr Med J 2016; 23:172. [PMID: 27303588 PMCID: PMC4894672 DOI: 10.11604/pamj.2016.23.172.7696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2015] [Accepted: 03/31/2016] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Various studies have reported poor awareness and knowledge of dentistry in the Nigerian population. There is, however, paucity of information assessing the knowledge and awareness of medical doctors/students and nurses about dentistry. The present study is aimed at determining the knowledge and awareness of medical doctors/students and nurses about dentistry. Methods Self-administered questionnaires were randomly distributed among medical doctors/students, and nurses of Obafemi Awolowo Teaching Hospitals’ Complex, Ile-Ife, Nigeria. Information collected using the questionnaire included participants’ biodata, questions evaluating dental awareness, knowledge of systemic and oral health connections as well as referral practices. The data analysis was done with STATA version 11 software. Results A total of 300 questionnaires were randomly distributed among doctors/students and nurses, 206 were returned (response rate of 69%). Of the returned questionnaires, 129(63%) were males and 77(37%) were females. There were 42 medical doctors, 49 nurses and 115 medical students. The mean age of the participants was 26.7 years (SD 5.2). Majority (99.5%) was aware of dental profession, but 92% had never referred patients for dental consultation. One third (31%) of medical doctors believed that Ludwig angina was a cardiac disease. A large proportion of the respondents (61%) see no need for routine dental visit while 27% would want to visit the dentist only when they had a dental complaint. Conclusion Although a large percentage of the participants claimed to be aware of dentistry, our findings revealed low level of knowledge and attitude to Dentistry. Efforts should be made towards closing this knowledge gap to achieve efficient oral health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elijah Olufemi Oyetola
- Department of Preventive and Community Dentistry, Obafemi Awolowo University Ile-Ife, Nigeria
| | - Taiwo Oyewole
- Department of Preventive and Community Dentistry, Obafemi Awolowo University Ile-Ife, Nigeria
| | - Micheal Adedigba
- Department of Preventive and Community Dentistry, Obafemi Awolowo University Ile-Ife, Nigeria
| | - Stephen Tunde Aregbesola
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial surgery and Oral Pathology, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria
| | - Kehinde Umezudike
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Lagos University Teaching Hospital, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - Adedotun Adewale
- Department of Preventive and Community Dentistry, Obafemi Awolowo University Ile-Ife, Nigeria
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Tsaprantzi AV, Kostagiolas P, Platis C, Aggelidis VP, Niakas D. The Impact of Information on Doctors' Attitudes Toward Generic Drugs. Inquiry 2016; 53:53/0/0046958016637791. [PMID: 27033564 PMCID: PMC5798745 DOI: 10.1177/0046958016637791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2015] [Accepted: 02/09/2016] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
The objective of this study is to assess the impact of information on doctors' attitudes and perceptions toward generics. A cross-sectional survey based on a specially designed 21-item questionnaire was conducted. The survey involved doctors of different specialties working in a public hospital in Greece. The analysis includes descriptive and inferential statistics, reliability and validity tests, as well as structural equation modeling to evaluate the causal model. Statistical analysis was accomplished by using SPSS 20 and Amos 20. A total of 134 questionnaires out of 162 were received, providing a response rate of 82.71%. A number of significant associations were found between information and perceptions about generic medicines with demographic characteristics. It seems that the provision of quality information on generic drugs influences doctors' attitudes and prescription practices toward generic drugs. This is not a static process but a rather dynamic issue involving information provision policies for strengthening the proper doctors' attitudes toward generic drugs.
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Cheng TC, Trivedi PK. Attrition Bias in Panel Data: A Sheep in Wolf's Clothing? A Case Study Based on the Mabel Survey. Health Econ 2015; 24:1101-1117. [PMID: 26033504 DOI: 10.1002/hec.3206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2014] [Revised: 04/23/2015] [Accepted: 04/29/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
This paper investigates the nature and consequences of sample attrition in a unique longitudinal survey of medical doctors. We describe the patterns of non-response and examine if attrition affects the econometric analysis of medical labour market outcomes using the estimation of physician earnings equations as a case study. We compare the econometric gestimates obtained from a number of different modelling strategies, which are as follows: balanced versus unbalanced samples; an attrition model for panel data based on the classic sample selection model; and a recently developed copula-based selection model. Descriptive evidence shows that doctors who work longer hours, have lower years of experience, are overseas trained and have changed their work location are more likely to drop out. Our analysis suggests that the impact of attrition on inference about the earnings of general practitioners is small. For specialists, there appears to be some evidence for an economically significant bias. Finally, we discuss how the top-up samples in the Medicine in Australia: Balancing Employment and Life survey can be used to address the problem of panel attrition.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Pravin K Trivedi
- University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
- Indiana University - Bloomington, USA
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Hassan ZI, Afolaranmi TO. The Knowledge and Uptake of Travel Vaccine Among Medical Doctors in a Tertiary Health Institution in Plateau State, North Central Nigeria. Indian J Community Med 2015; 40:177-81. [PMID: 26170542 PMCID: PMC4478659 DOI: 10.4103/0970-0218.158861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2014] [Accepted: 11/04/2014] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Travelers play a significant role in the spread of infectious diseases across international borders, through their travel patterns and behaviors. Travel maybe the only risk factor for infectious diseases that are well controlled in the travelers’ country of residence, particularly vaccine-preventable diseases. The role of vaccination among travelers is an essential component of the control of travel-associated infectious diseases. This study was conducted to assess the knowledge and uptake of travel vaccine among medical doctors in Jos University Teaching Hospital (JUTH). Materials and Methods: This was a descriptive cross-sectional study conducted in 2013 using quantitative method of data collection among 189 medical doctors. Epi Info™ statistical software package version 3.5.4 was used for data analysis and a P ≤ 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Result: The mean age of the respondents was 33.8 ± 4.5 years, majority of the respondents (96.3%) were aware of travel vaccines with 45 (71.4%) of the 63 respondents who had embarked on international travel prior to the study had taken travel vaccine in their last travel. Knowledge of travel vaccination was found to have statistically significant relationship with uptake of travel vaccine (P = 0.013). Conclusion: This study has revealed the need to improve the knowledge and uptake of travel vaccine among medical doctors.
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Giang KB, Minh HV, Hien NV, Ngoc NM, Hinh ND. Knowledge of primary health care and career choice at primary health care settings among final year medical students - challenges to human resources for health in Vietnam. Glob Public Health 2014; 10 Supppl 1:S120-30. [PMID: 25482387 DOI: 10.1080/17441692.2014.986157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
There is a shortage of medical doctors in primary health care (PHC) settings in Vietnam. Evidence about the knowledge medical students have about PHC and their career decision-making is important for making policy in human resources for health. The objective of this study was to analyse knowledge and attitudes about PHC among medical students in their final year and their choice to work in PHC after graduation. A cross-sectional study was conducted among 400 final year general medical students from Hanoi Medical University. Self-administered interviews were conducted. Key variables were knowledge, awareness of the importance of PHC and PHC career choices. Descriptive and analytic statistics were performed. Students had essential knowledge of the concept and elements of PHC and were well aware of its importance. However, only one-third to one half of them valued PHC with regard to their professional development or management opportunities. Less than 1% of students would work at commune or district health facilities after graduation. This study evidences challenges related to increasing the number of medical doctors working in PHC settings. Immediate and effective interventions are needed to make PHC settings more attractive and to encourage medical graduates to start and continue a career in PHC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kim Bao Giang
- a Hanoi Medical University, Institute for Preventive Medicine and Public Health , Hanoi , Vietnam
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Kaur B, Carberry A, Hogan N, Roberton D, Beilby J. The medical schools outcomes database project: Australian medical student characteristics. BMC Med Educ 2014; 14:180. [PMID: 25169797 PMCID: PMC4156614 DOI: 10.1186/1472-6920-14-180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2014] [Accepted: 08/18/2014] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Global medical workforce requirements highlight the need for effective workforce planning, with the overall aims being to alleviate doctor shortages and prevent maldistribution. The Medical Schools Outcomes Database and Longitudinal Tracking (MSOD) Project provides a foundation for evaluating outcomes of medical education programs against specified workforce objectives (including rural and areas of workforce needs), assisting in medical workforce planning, and provision of a national research resource. This paper describes the methodology and baseline results for the MSOD project. METHODS The MSOD Project is a prospective longitudinal multiple-cohort study. The project invites all commencing and completing Australian medical students to complete short questionnaires. Participants are then asked to participate in four follow-up surveys at 1, 3, 5 and 8 years after graduation. RESULTS Since 2005, 30,635 responses for medical students (22,126 commencing students and 8,509 completing students) in Australia have been collected. To date, overall eligible cohort response rates are 91% for commencing students, and 83% for completing students. Eighty three percent of completing medical student respondents had also completed a commencing questionnaire.Approximately 80% of medical students at Australian medical schools are Australian citizens. Australian medical schools have only small proportions of Indigenous students. One third of medical students speak a language other than English at home.The top three vocational choices for commencing medical students were surgery, paediatrics and child health and general practice. The top three vocational choices for completing students were surgery, adult medicine/ physician, and general practice. Overall, 75.7% of medical students changed their first career preference from commencement to exit from medical school.Most commencing and completing medical students wish to have their future medical practice in capital cities or in major urban centers. Only 8.1% of commencing students and 4.6% of completing students stated an intention to have their future medical practice in smaller towns and small communities. CONCLUSIONS The MSOD longitudinal project is now an established national resource that is beginning to generate significant research outputs, along with providing key information for workforce planning and policy makers. The project has now expanded to enrol New Zealand medical students.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baldeep Kaur
- />Medical Deans Australia and New Zealand Inc. St James Campus (C13), University of Sydney, Level 6, 173-175 Phillip Street, 2000 Sydney, NSW Australia
| | - Angela Carberry
- />Medical Deans Australia and New Zealand Inc. St James Campus (C13), University of Sydney, Level 6, 173-175 Phillip Street, 2000 Sydney, NSW Australia
| | - Nathaniel Hogan
- />Medical Deans Australia and New Zealand Inc. St James Campus (C13), University of Sydney, Level 6, 173-175 Phillip Street, 2000 Sydney, NSW Australia
| | - Don Roberton
- />Medical Deans Australia and New Zealand Inc. St James Campus (C13), University of Sydney, Level 6, 173-175 Phillip Street, 2000 Sydney, NSW Australia
- />Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA Australia
| | - Justin Beilby
- />Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA Australia
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Nagarakanti S, Epari V, Athuluru D. Knowledge, attitude, and practice of medical doctors towards periodontal disease. J Indian Soc Periodontol 2013; 17:137-9. [PMID: 23633790 PMCID: PMC3636935 DOI: 10.4103/0972-124x.107491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2011] [Accepted: 08/17/2012] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The study aimed to assess the knowledge of medical doctors on the association between periodontal disease and general health and their willingness to advise their patients to seek dental treatment. In a cross-sectional survey, randomly selected medical doctors (n = 267) practicing in Nellore District were interviewed through a questionnaire survey about their knowledge of periodontal diseases and the bidirectional relationship between general health and periodontal diseases. Data were analyzed through percentages. All the medical doctors (100%) were aware that there existed a relation between oral health and general health. But only 10% of respondents refer their patients to dentists without patients asking for referral. Very few respondents (21.3%) knew about different branches of dentistry. Screening and referral by healthcare professionals may benefit their patients by improving access to dental care. Therefore, there is a need to educate doctors about oral health and general health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sreenivas Nagarakanti
- Department of Periodontics, Narayana Dental College and Hospital, Nellore, Andhra Pradesh, India
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Krajewski-Siuda K, Szromek A, Romaniuk P, Gericke CA, Szpak A, Kaczmarek K. Emigration preferences and plans among medical students in Poland. Hum Resour Health 2012; 10:8. [PMID: 22546006 PMCID: PMC3465221 DOI: 10.1186/1478-4491-10-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2010] [Accepted: 04/06/2012] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Migration and ethical recruitment of health care workers is receiving increased attention worldwide. Europe's aging population is creating new opportunities for medical doctors for finding employment in other countries, particularly those of a better standard of living. METHODS We conducted a survey among 1214 medical students in five out of eleven universities in Poland with medical schools in October 2008. A series of statistical tests was applied to analyse the characteristics of potential migrants. Projections were obtained using statistical analyses: descriptive, multifactorial logistic regression and other statistical methods . RESULTS We can forecast that 26-36% of Polish medical students will emigrate over the next few years; 62% of respondents estimated the likelihood of emigration at 50%. Students in their penultimate year of study declared a stronger desire to migrate than those in the final year. At the same time, many students were optimistic about career opportunities in Poland. Also noted among students were: the decline in interest in leaving among final year students, their moderate elaboration of departure plans, and their generally optimistic views about the opportunities for professional development in Poland. CONCLUSIONS The majority of Polish students see the emigration as a serious alternative to the continuation of their professional training. This trend can pose a serious threat to the Polish health care system, however the observed decline of the interest in leaving among final year students, the moderate involvement in concrete departure plans and the optimistic views about the opportunities for professional development in Poland suggest that the actual scale of brain drain of young Polish doctors due to emigration will be more limited than previously feared.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krzysztof Krajewski-Siuda
- Department of Health Policy, School of Public Health, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
- Department of Health Promotion, Institute of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, Collegium Medicum, Jagiellonian University, Cracow, Poland
| | - Adam Szromek
- Department of Health Promotion, Institute of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, Collegium Medicum, Jagiellonian University, Cracow, Poland
| | - Piotr Romaniuk
- Department of Computer Science and Econometrics, Faculty of Organisation and Management, Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland
| | - Christian A Gericke
- Peninsula CLAHRC, National Institute for Health Research, Peninsula Medical School, Universities of Exeter and Plymouth, Plymouth, United Kingdom
| | - Andrzej Szpak
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland
| | - Krzysztof Kaczmarek
- Department of Health Policy, Faculty of Public Health, Medical University of Silesia, ul. Piekarska 18, 41-902, Bytom, Poland
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