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Tang Y, Liang F, Yan Y, Zeng Y, Li Y, Zhou R. Purification and Identification of Peptides from Hydrilla verticillata (Linn. f.) Royle with Cytoprotective and Antioxidative Effect against H 2O 2-Treated HepG2 Cells. J Agric Food Chem 2024; 72:4170-4183. [PMID: 38358942 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c09917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/17/2024]
Abstract
Antioxidant peptides were purified from Hydrilla verticillata (Linn. f.) Royle (HVR) protein hydrolysate by ultrafiltration, gel filtration chromatography, and semipreparative reversed-phase HPLC and identified by UPLC-ESI-MS/MS. Therein, TCLGPK and TCLGER were selected to be synthesized, and they displayed desirable radical-scavenging activity to ABTS (99.20 ± 0.56-99.20 ± 0.43%), DPPH (97.32 ± 0.59-97.56 ± 0.97%), hydroxyl radical (54.32 ± 1.27-70.42 ± 2.01%), and superoxide anion (42.93 ± 1.46-52.62 ± 1.11%) at a concentration of 0.96 μmol/mL. They possessed a cytoprotective effect against H2O2-induced oxidative stress in HepG2 cells in a dose-dependent manner. 1.6 μmol/mL of the two peptides could perfectly protect HepG2 cells from H2O2-induced injury. The TCLGPK exhibited higher antioxidant activity and cytoprotective effect than TCLGER. Western blot and molecular docking results indicated that the two peptides achieved antioxidant ability and cytoprotective effect by combining with Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (Keap1) to activate the Keap1-nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2)-antioxidant response elements signaling pathway, leading to the activity and expression of the related antioxidases in the pathway significantly up-regulating and the intracellular reactive oxygen species level, lipid peroxidation, and cell apoptosis rate significantly down-regulating.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yufang Tang
- College of Chemical Engineering, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan 411105, China
| | - Fan Liang
- College of Chemical Engineering, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan 411105, China
| | - Yue Yan
- College of Chemical Engineering, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan 411105, China
| | - Yanlin Zeng
- College of Chemical Engineering, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan 411105, China
| | - Yuqin Li
- College of Chemical Engineering, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan 411105, China
| | - Rong Zhou
- College of Chemical Engineering, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan 411105, China
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Xie W, Shi H, Zuo R, Zhou S, Ma N, Zhang H, Chang G, Shen X. Conjugated Linoleic Acid Ameliorates Hydrogen Peroxide-Induced Mitophagy and Inflammation via the DRP1-mtDNA-STING Pathway in Bovine Hepatocytes. J Agric Food Chem 2024; 72:2120-2134. [PMID: 38235560 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c02755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2024]
Abstract
Oxidative stress is tightly associated with liver dysfunction and injury in dairy cows. Previous studies have shown that cis-9, trans-11 conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) possesses anti-inflammatory and antioxidative abilities. In this study, the bovine hepatocytes were pretreated with CLA for 6 h, followed by treatment with hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) for another 6 h to investigate the antioxidative effect of CLA and uncover the underlying mechanisms. The results demonstrated that H2O2 treatment elevated the level of mitophagy, promoted mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) leakage into the cytosol, and activated the stimulator of interferon genes (STING)/nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) signaling pathway to trigger an inflammatory response in bovine hepatocytes. In addition, the dynamin-related protein 1(DRP1)-mtDNA-STING-NF-κB axis contributed to the H2O2-induced oxidative injury of bovine hepatocytes. CLA could reduce mitophagy and the inflammatory response to attenuate oxidative damage via the DRP1/mtDNA/STING pathway in bovine hepatocytes. These findings offer a theoretical foundation for the hepatoprotective effect of CLA against oxidative injury in dairy cows.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wan Xie
- Ministry of Education Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210095, P. R. China
| | - Huimin Shi
- Ministry of Education Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210095, P. R. China
| | - Rankun Zuo
- Ministry of Education Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210095, P. R. China
| | - Shendong Zhou
- Ministry of Education Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210095, P. R. China
| | - Nana Ma
- Ministry of Education Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210095, P. R. China
| | - Hongzhu Zhang
- Ministry of Education Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210095, P. R. China
| | - Guangjun Chang
- Ministry of Education Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210095, P. R. China
| | - Xiangzhen Shen
- Ministry of Education Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210095, P. R. China
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Gupta S, Singh P, Sharma B. Montelukast Ameliorates 2K1C-Hypertension Induced Endothelial Dysfunction and Associated Vascular Dementia. Curr Hypertens Rev 2024; 20:CHYR-EPUB-137066. [PMID: 38192137 DOI: 10.2174/0115734021276985231204092425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2023] [Revised: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/10/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Declined kidney function associated with hypertension is a danger for cognitive deficits, dementia, and brain injury. Cognitive decline and vascular dementia (VaD) are serious public health concerns, which highlights the urgent need for study on the risk factors for cognitive decline. Cysteinyl leukotriene (CysLT1) receptors are concerned with regulating cognition, motivation, inflammatory processes, and neurogenesis. OBJECTIVE This research aims to examine the consequence of montelukast (specific CysLT1 antagonist) in renovascular hypertension 2-kidney-1-clip-2K1C model-triggered VaD in experimental animals. METHODS 2K1C tactics were made to prompt renovascular hypertension in mature male rats. Morris water maze was employed to measure cognition. Mean arterial pressure (MAP), serum nitrite levels, aortic superoxide content, vascular endothelial activity, brain's oxidative stress (diminished glutathione, raised lipid peroxides), inflammatory markers (IL-10, IL-6, TNF-α), cholinergic activity (raised acetylcholinesterase), and cerebral injury (staining of 2, 3, 5- triphenylterazolium chloride) were also examined. RESULTS Montelukast in doses of 5.0 and 10.0 mg kg-1 was used intraperitoneally as the treatment drug. Along with cognitive deficits, 2K1C-operated rats showed elevated MAP, endothelial dysfunction, brain oxidative stress, inflammation, and cerebral damage with diminished serum nitrite/nitrate. Montelukast therapy significantly and dose-dependently mitigated the 2K1Chypertension-provoked impaired behaviors, biochemistry, endothelial functions, and cerebral infarction. CONCLUSION The 2K1C tactic caused renovascular hypertension and associated VaD, which was mitigated via targeted regulation of CysLT1 receptors by montelukast administration. Therefore, montelukast may be taken into consideration for the evaluation of its complete potential in renovascular-hypertension-induced VaD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Surbhi Gupta
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Bharat Institute of Technology, Partapur Bypass, Meerut, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Prabhat Singh
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Swami Vivekanand Subharti University, Meerut, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Bhupesh Sharma
- Department of Pharmacology, Amity Institute of Pharmacy, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Noida, India
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Oyedele GT, Adedara IA, Ikeji CN, Afolabi BA, Rocha JBT, Farombi EO. Metoprolol elicits neurobehavioral insufficiency and oxidative damage in nontarget Nauphoeta cinerea nymphs. Environ Toxicol 2023; 38:3006-3017. [PMID: 37584562 DOI: 10.1002/tox.23934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Revised: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 08/17/2023]
Abstract
Metoprolol, a drug for hypertension and cardiovascular diseases, has become a contaminant of emerging concern because of its frequent detection in various environmental matrices globally. The dwindling in the biodiversity of useful insects owing to increasing presence of environmental chemicals is currently a great interest to the scientific community. In the current research, the toxicological impact of ecologically relevant concentrations of metoprolol at 0, 0.05, 0.1, 0.25, and 0.5 μg/L on Nauphoeta cinerea nymphs following exposure for 42 consecutive days was evaluated. The insects' behavior was analyzed with automated video-tracking software (ANY-maze, Stoelting Co, USA) while biochemical assays were done using the midgut, head and fat body. Metoprolol-exposed nymphs exhibited significant diminutions in the path efficiency, mobility time, distance traveled, body rotation, maximum speed and turn angle cum more episodes, and time of freezing. In addition, the heat maps and track plots confirmed the metoprolol-mediated wane in the exploratory and locomotor fitness of the insects. Compared with control, metoprolol exposure decreased acetylcholinesterase activity in insects head. Antioxidant enzymes activities and glutathione level were markedly decreased whereas indices of inflammation and oxidative injury to proteins and lipids were significantly increased in head, midgut and fat body of metoprolol-exposed insects. Taken together, metoprolol exposure induces neurobehavioral insufficiency and oxido-inflammatory injury in N. cinerea nymphs. These findings suggest the potential health effects of environmental contamination with metoprolol on ecologically and economically important nontarget insects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gbemisola T Oyedele
- Drug Metabolism and Toxicology Research Laboratories, Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Isaac A Adedara
- Drug Metabolism and Toxicology Research Laboratories, Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Cynthia N Ikeji
- Drug Metabolism and Toxicology Research Laboratories, Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Blessing A Afolabi
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Afe Babalola University, Ado Ekiti, Nigeria
| | - Joao B T Rocha
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Center for Natural and Exact Sciences (CCNE), Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil
| | - Ebenezer O Farombi
- Drug Metabolism and Toxicology Research Laboratories, Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
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Huang J, Zhu Y, Li S, Jiang H, Chen N, Xiao H, Liu J, Liang D, Zheng Q, Tang J, Meng X. Licochalcone B confers protective effects against LPS-Induced acute lung injury in cells and mice through the Keap1/Nrf2 pathway. Redox Rep 2023; 28:2243423. [PMID: 37565601 PMCID: PMC10424628 DOI: 10.1080/13510002.2023.2243423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/12/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acute lung injury (ALI) is a severe and often fatal pulmonary disease. Current treatments for ALI and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) are limited. Natural product metabolites have shown promise as therapeutic alternatives. However, the effects of Licochalcone B (LCB) on ALI are largely unknown. METHODS We investigated the effects of LCB on lipopolysaccharide-challenged mice and human pulmonary microvascular endothelial cells. Cell viability, apoptosis, and ROS production were assessed. Lung tissue histopathology and oxidative stress and inflammation markers were evaluated. Protein expression levels were measured. RESULTS LCB had no cytotoxic effects on cells and increased cell viability. It reduced apoptosis and ROS levels in cells. In mice with ALI, LCB decreased lung tissue weight and improved oxidative stress and inflammation markers. It also enhanced expression levels of Nrf2, HO-1, and NQO1 while reducing Keap1. CONCLUSION LCB protects against LPS-induced acute lung injury in cells and mice. The Keap1/Nrf2 pathway may be involved in its protective effects. LCB shows potential as a strategy to alleviate ALI caused by LPS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ju Huang
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yu Zhu
- Chengdu sport university, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Songtao Li
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Huanyu Jiang
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Nianzhi Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Ultrasound in Medicine and Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hang Xiao
- Capital Medical University, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jingwen Liu
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Dan Liang
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qiao Zheng
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jianyuan Tang
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China
- TCM Regulating Metabolic Diseases Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiangrui Meng
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China
- TCM Regulating Metabolic Diseases Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China
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Zhou H, Shi X, Yu Y, Yang L, OuYang J, Bian Y, Liu Y, Li G. Puerarin Alleviates Oxidized Oil-Induced Oxidative Injury and Inflammation via Inhibition of the Nrf2/Keap1 and HMGB1/TLR4/MAPK Signaling Pathways: An Investigation in a Chicken Model. Mol Nutr Food Res 2023; 67:e2200663. [PMID: 37776050 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.202200663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Revised: 05/29/2023] [Indexed: 10/01/2023]
Abstract
SCOPE Puerarin has possessed a wide range of pharmacological activities. However, little is known about the protective effects of puerarin on the oxidized oil-induced injury. Here, the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects of puerarin are described using a chicken model. METHODS AND RESULTS A total of 360 broilers are arranged in four treatments. Diets include two types of soybean oil (fresh or oxidized) and two levels of puerarin (0 or 750 mg kg-1 ). Results show that puerarin alleviates oxidized soybean oil-induced hepatic and thymic oxidative injury. This effect is observed by increasing the SOD activity and the expressions of Nrf2 signaling pathway-related genes and reducing the MDA content in the liver and thymus. Moreover, puerarin supplementation decreases the concentrations and mRNA levels of pro-inflammatory factors in the liver and thymus. The potential mechanism responsible for this is the decrease in the mRNA or protein levels of HMGB1, TLR4, MyD88, and p65 in the liver or thymus. Western blotting results indicate that puerarin also decreases the phosphorylation of JNK1/2, ERK1/2, and p38 in the liver and thymus. CONCLUSION This study demonstrates puerarin may be a potential nutrient supplement in the treatment of oxidized oil-induced damage, and the Nrf2/Keap1 and HMGB1/TLR4/MAPK signaling pathways might be its important target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua Zhou
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, 330045, P. R. China
- Jiangxi Province Key Innovation Center of Integration in Production and Education for High-quality and Safe Livestock and Poultry, Nanchang, 330045, P. R. China
| | - Xuan Shi
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, 330045, P. R. China
- Jiangxi Province Key Innovation Center of Integration in Production and Education for High-quality and Safe Livestock and Poultry, Nanchang, 330045, P. R. China
| | - Yingmei Yu
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, 330045, P. R. China
- Jiangxi Province Key Innovation Center of Integration in Production and Education for High-quality and Safe Livestock and Poultry, Nanchang, 330045, P. R. China
| | - Lei Yang
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, 330045, P. R. China
- Jiangxi Province Key Innovation Center of Integration in Production and Education for High-quality and Safe Livestock and Poultry, Nanchang, 330045, P. R. China
| | - Jingxin OuYang
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, 330045, P. R. China
- Jiangxi Province Key Innovation Center of Integration in Production and Education for High-quality and Safe Livestock and Poultry, Nanchang, 330045, P. R. China
| | - Yinhao Bian
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, 330045, P. R. China
- Jiangxi Province Key Innovation Center of Integration in Production and Education for High-quality and Safe Livestock and Poultry, Nanchang, 330045, P. R. China
| | - Yichun Liu
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, 330045, P. R. China
- Jiangxi Province Key Innovation Center of Integration in Production and Education for High-quality and Safe Livestock and Poultry, Nanchang, 330045, P. R. China
| | - Guanhong Li
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, 330045, P. R. China
- Jiangxi Province Key Innovation Center of Integration in Production and Education for High-quality and Safe Livestock and Poultry, Nanchang, 330045, P. R. China
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Bates L, Krause-Hauch M, Wang H, Fatmi MK, Li Z, Chen Q, Ren D, Li J, Lesnefsky EJ. Acute, High Dose Metformin Therapy at Reperfusion Decreases Infarct Size in the High-Risk Aging Heart. Aging Dis 2023; 14:1488-1491. [PMID: 37196121 PMCID: PMC10529738 DOI: 10.14336/ad.2023.0205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Accepted: 02/05/2023] [Indexed: 05/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Elderly patients (age > 75) sustain larger infarcts with greater mortality from ST elevation myocardial infarcts (STEMI) despite successful reperfusion treatment. Elderly age remains an independent risk despite correction for clinical and angiographic variables. The elderly represent a high-risk population and may benefit from treatment in addition to reperfusion alone. We hypothesized that modulation of cardiac signaling and metabolism with acute, high dose metformin given at reperfusion would exhibit additional cardioprotection. Using a translational aging murine model (22-24-month C57BL/6J mice) of in vivo STEMI (45 min artery occlusion with reperfusion for 24 hours); treatment acutely at reperfusion by high dose metformin decreased infarct size and enhanced contractile recovery, demonstrating cardioprotection in the high-risk aging heart.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauryn Bates
- Department of Surgery, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA.
| | - Meredith Krause-Hauch
- Department of Surgery, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA.
| | - Hao Wang
- Department of Surgery, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA.
| | - Mohammad Kasim Fatmi
- Department of Surgery, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA.
| | - Zehui Li
- Department of Surgery, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA.
| | - Qun Chen
- Pauley Heart Center, Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Di Ren
- Department of Surgery, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA.
| | - Ji Li
- Department of Surgery, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA.
| | - Edward J Lesnefsky
- Pauley Heart Center, Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
- Medical Service, Central Virginia VA Health Care System, Richmond, VA, USA
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Gharib AF, Nafea OE, Alrehaili AA, Almalki A, Alharthi A, Alsalmi O, Alsaeedi FA, Alhazmi A, Allahyani M, Etewa RL, Alsulimani AH, Badr SO. Association Between Serum Uric Acid Levels and Oxido-Inflammatory Biomarkers With Coronary Artery Disease in Type 2 Diabetic Patients. Cureus 2023; 15:e47913. [PMID: 38034261 PMCID: PMC10683838 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.47913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cardiovascular disease signifies a major cause of morbidity and mortality among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Serum uric acid (SUA) levels are elevated during the initial phases of impaired glucose metabolism. This work was designed to explore the association between SUA levels, serum oxido-inflammatory biomarkers, and the risk of coronary artery disease (CAD) in T2DM patients as the primary outcome. The secondary outcome was to assess the prognostic role of SUA in the prediction of the risk of CAD in T2DM patients. METHODS In this case-control study, we enrolled 110 patients with T2DM who were further divided into patients with CAD and without CAD. In addition, 55 control participants were stringently matched to cases by age. RESULTS Diabetic patients with CAD had significantly higher serum levels of the inflammatory biomarkers and the oxidative malondialdehyde but significantly lower levels of serum total antioxidant capacity (TAC) compared with the controls and diabetic patients without CAD. Significant positive correlations existed between SUA levels and serum levels of the inflammatory biomarkers and malondialdehyde, while a significant negative correlation existed between SUA levels and serum TAC. SUA demonstrated an accepted discrimination ability. SUA can differentiate between T2DM patients with CAD and patients without CAD, an area under the curve of 0.759. CONCLUSIONS Elevated serum levels of SUA and oxido-inflammatory biomarkers are associated with an increased risk of CAD in T2DM. SUA levels reflect the body's inflammatory status and oxidant injury in T2DM. SUA could be utilized as a simple biomarker in the prediction of CAD risk in T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amal F Gharib
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, Taif, SAU
| | - Ola E Nafea
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Taif University, Taif, SAU
| | - Amani A Alrehaili
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, Taif, SAU
| | - Abdulraheem Almalki
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, Taif, SAU
| | - Afaf Alharthi
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, Taif, SAU
| | - Ohud Alsalmi
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, Taif, SAU
| | - Fouzeyyah A Alsaeedi
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, Taif, SAU
| | - Ayman Alhazmi
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, Taif, SAU
| | - Mamdouh Allahyani
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, Taif, SAU
| | - Rasha L Etewa
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, Jouf University, Sakaka, SAU
| | - Alaa H Alsulimani
- Department of Laboratory, King Faisal Medical Complex (KFMC) and Research Center, Taif, SAU
| | - Sara O Badr
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Port Said University, Port Said, EGY
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Mace EH, Kimlinger MJ, Billings FT, Lopez MG. Targeting Soluble Guanylyl Cyclase during Ischemia and Reperfusion. Cells 2023; 12:1903. [PMID: 37508567 PMCID: PMC10378692 DOI: 10.3390/cells12141903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Ischemia and reperfusion (IR) damage organs and contribute to many disease states. Few effective treatments exist that attenuate IR injury. The augmentation of nitric oxide (NO) signaling remains a promising therapeutic target for IR injury. NO binds to soluble guanylyl cyclase (sGC) to regulate vasodilation, maintain endothelial barrier integrity, and modulate inflammation through the production of cyclic-GMP in vascular smooth muscle. Pharmacologic sGC stimulators and activators have recently been developed. In preclinical studies, sGC stimulators, which augment the reduced form of sGC, and activators, which activate the oxidized non-NO binding form of sGC, increase vasodilation and decrease cardiac, cerebral, renal, pulmonary, and hepatic injury following IR. These effects may be a result of the improved regulation of perfusion and decreased oxidative injury during IR. sGC stimulators are now used clinically to treat some chronic conditions such as heart failure and pulmonary hypertension. Clinical trials of sGC activators have been terminated secondary to adverse side effects including hypotension. Additional clinical studies to investigate the effects of sGC stimulation and activation during acute conditions, such as IR, are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric H Mace
- Department of Surgery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Medical Center North, Suite CCC-4312, 1161 21st Avenue South, Nashville, TN 37232-2730, USA
| | - Melissa J Kimlinger
- Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, 428 Eskind Family Biomedical Library and Learning Center, Nashville, TN 37240-0002, USA
| | - Frederic T Billings
- Department of Anesthesiology, Division of Critical Care Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Medical Arts Building, Suite 422, 1211 21st Avenue South, Nashville, TN 37212-1750, USA
| | - Marcos G Lopez
- Department of Anesthesiology, Division of Critical Care Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Medical Arts Building, Suite 422, 1211 21st Avenue South, Nashville, TN 37212-1750, USA
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Zhang Z, Chen Z, Song H, Cheng S. From plant survival to thriving: exploring the miracle of brassinosteroids for boosting abiotic stress resilience in horticultural crops. Front Plant Sci 2023; 14:1218229. [PMID: 37546254 PMCID: PMC10401277 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1218229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023]
Abstract
Abiotic stresses pose significant threat to horticultural crop production worldwide. These stresses adversely affect plant growth, development, and ultimately declined crop growth, yield and quality. In recent years, plant scientists have been actively investigating innovative strategies to enhance abiotic stress resilience in crops, and one promising avenue of research focuses on the use of brassinosteroids (BRs). BRs are a class of plant hormones that play crucial roles in various physiological processes, including cell elongation, differentiation, and stress responses. They have emerged as potent regulators of plant growth and development, and their role in improving abiotic stress tolerance is gaining considerable attention. BRs have been shown to mitigate the negative effects of abiotic stresses by modulating key physiological and biochemical processes, including stomatal regulation, antioxidant defense, osmotic adjustment, and nutrient uptake. Abiotic stresses disrupt numerous physiological functions and lead to undesirable phenotypic traits in plants. The use of BRs as a tool to improve crop resilience offers significant promise for sustainable agriculture in the face of increasing abiotic stresses caused by climate change. By unraveling the phenomenon of BRs, this review emphasizes the potential of BRs as an innovative approach for boosting abiotic stress tolerance and improving the overall productivity and quality of horticultural crops. Further research and field trials are necessary to fully harness the benefits of BRs and translate these findings into practical applications for crop production systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhilu Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Ping Dingshan University, Pingdingshan, Henan, China
- Henan Province Key Laboratory of Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of Eco-economic Woody Plant, Pingdingshan, Henan, China
| | - Zhongyu Chen
- People’s Park Management Office of Nanyang City Garden and Greening Center, Garden and Greening Center of Nanyang City, Nanyang, Henan, China
| | - Haina Song
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Ping Dingshan University, Pingdingshan, Henan, China
- Henan Province Key Laboratory of Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of Eco-economic Woody Plant, Pingdingshan, Henan, China
| | - Shiping Cheng
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Ping Dingshan University, Pingdingshan, Henan, China
- Henan Province Key Laboratory of Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of Eco-economic Woody Plant, Pingdingshan, Henan, China
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11
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Hosseini M, Arab Z, Beheshti F, Anaeigoudari A, Shakeri F, Rajabian A. Zataria multiflora and its constituent, carvacrol, counteract sepsis-induced aortic and cardiac toxicity in rat: Involvement of nitric oxide and oxidative stress. Animal Model Exp Med 2023; 6:221-229. [PMID: 37272426 PMCID: PMC10272902 DOI: 10.1002/ame2.12323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Zataria multiflora and carvacrol showed various pharmacological properties including anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant effects. However, up to now no studies have explored its potential benefits in ameliorating sepsis-induced aortic and cardiac injury. Thus, this study aimed to investigate the effects of Z. multiflora and carvacrol on nitric oxide (NO) and oxidative stress indicators in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced aortic and cardiac injury. METHODS Adult male Wistar rats were assigned to: Control, lipopolysaccharide (LPS) (1 mg/kg, intraperitoneal (i.p.)), and Z. multiflora hydro-ethanolic extract (ZME, 50-200 mg/kg, oral)- and carvacrol (25-100 mg/kg, oral)-treated groups. LPS was injected daily for 14 days. Treatment with ZME and carvacrol started 3 days before LPS administration and treatment continued during LPS administration. At the end of the study, the levels of malondialdehyde (MDA), NO, thiols, and antioxidant enzymes were evaluated. RESULTS Our findings showed a significant reduction in the levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and thiols in the LPS group, which were restored by ZME and carvacrol. Furthermore, ZME and carvacrol decreased MDA and NO in cardiac and aortic tissues of LPS-injected rats. CONCLUSIONS The results suggest protective effects of ZME and carvacrol on LPS-induced cardiovascular injury via improved redox hemostasis and attenuated NO production. However, additional studies are needed to elucidate the effects of ZME and its constituents on inflammatory responses mediated by LPS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahmoud Hosseini
- Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences Research CenterMashhad University of Medical SciencesMashhadIran
| | - Zohreh Arab
- Applied Biomedical Research CenterMashhad University of Medical SciencesMashhadIran
| | - Farimah Beheshti
- Neuroscience Research CenterTorbat Heydariyeh University of Medical SciencesTorbat HeydariyehIran
- Department of Physiology, School of Paramedical SciencesTorbat Heydariyeh University of Medical SciencesTorbat HeydariyehIran
| | - Akbar Anaeigoudari
- Department of Physiology, School of MedicineJiroft University of Medical SciencesJiroftIran
| | - Farzaneh Shakeri
- Natural Products and Medicinal Plants Research CenterNorth Khorasan University of Medical SciencesBojnurdIran
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of MedicineNorth Khorasan University of Medical SciencesBojnurdIran
| | - Arezoo Rajabian
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of MedicineMashhad University of Medical SciencesMashhadIran
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12
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Köksal MM, Şekerler T, Çevik Ö, Şener A. Paricalcitol protects against hydrogen peroxide-induced injury in endothelial cells through suppression of apoptosis. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 2023; 248:186-192. [PMID: 36373746 PMCID: PMC10041050 DOI: 10.1177/15353702221101615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The vascular endothelium is one of the main targets of oxidative stress which plays an important role in the pathophysiology of vascular damage. Recent studies show that vitamin D can positively regulate endothelial functions in various chronic diseases and in cases of increased oxidative stress. In our study, we investigated the restorative and protective potentials of paricalcitol which is frequently used in patients with chronic renal failure, a vitamin D analogue, in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) before and after H2O2-induced oxidative stress. Paricalcitol treatment after the oxidative stress induced by H2O2 increased cell viability in endothelial cells depending on the dose that was used. While paricalcitol (500 nM) decreased caspase-3 activity and mitochondrial membrane potential loss, it increased nitric oxide (NO) production and reduced glutathione (GSH) levels. Paricalcitol treatment before oxidative stress increased cell viability. It increased NO production and mitochondrial membrane potential while significantly reducing caspase-3 activity. While paricalcitol caused a significant inhibition of protein disulfide isomerase (PDI) reductase activity in healthy endothelial cells, it did not cause a significant change on the PDI reductase activity under oxidative stress conditions. Present study showed that paricalcitol has restorative and protective effects on endothelial cells against oxidative injury, but these effects occur at high concentrations of paricalcitol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammet Murat Köksal
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Marmara University, İstanbul 34854, Turkey
| | - Turgut Şekerler
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Marmara University, İstanbul 34854, Turkey
| | - Özge Çevik
- Department of Medicinal Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Aydın Adnan Menderes University, Aydın 09000, Turkey
| | - Azize Şener
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Fenerbahçe University, İstanbul 34758, Turkey
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13
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Gao Q, Zhang C, Li J, Xu H, Guo X, Guo Q, Zhao C, Yao H, Jia Y, Zhu H. Melatonin Attenuates H 2O 2-Induced Oxidative Injury by Upregulating LncRNA NEAT1 in HT22 Hippocampal Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:12891. [PMID: 36361683 PMCID: PMC9657978 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232112891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2022] [Revised: 10/20/2022] [Accepted: 10/22/2022] [Indexed: 08/16/2023] Open
Abstract
More research is required to understand how melatonin protects neurons. The study aimed to find out if and how long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) contributes to melatonin's ability to defend the hippocampus from H2O2-induced oxidative injury. LncRNAs related to oxidative injury were predicted by bioinformatics methods. Mouse hippocampus-derived neuronal HT22 cells were treated with H2O2 with or without melatonin. Viability and apoptosis were detected by Cell Counting Kit-8 and Hoechst33258. RNA and protein levels were measured by quantitative real-time PCR, Western blot, and immunofluorescence. Bioinformatics predicted that 38 lncRNAs were associated with oxidative injury in mouse neurons. LncRNA nuclear paraspeckle assembly transcript 1 (NEAT1) was related to H2O2-induced oxidative injury and up-regulated by melatonin in HT22 cells. The knockdown of NEAT1 exacerbated H2O2-induced oxidative injury, weakened the moderating effect of melatonin, and abolished the increasing effect of melatonin on the mRNA and protein level of Slc38a2. Taken together, melatonin attenuates H2O2-induced oxidative injury by upregulating lncRNA NEAT1, which is essential for melatonin stabilizing the mRNA and protein level of Slc38a2 for the survival of HT22 cells. The research may assist in the treatment of oxidative injury-induced hippocampal degeneration associated with aging using melatonin and its target lncRNA NEAT1.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Hui Zhu
- Department of Physiology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China
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14
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Ueda S, Ichiseki T, Shimasaki M, Hirata H, Kawahara N, Ueda Y. Inhibitory effect of taurine on rotator cuff degeneration via mitochondrial protection. Am J Transl Res 2022; 14:6286-6294. [PMID: 36247244 PMCID: PMC9556445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2022] [Accepted: 08/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Degenerative rotator cuff tears do not heal spontaneously, necessitating surgical intervention. This makes prevention crucial, but effective prophylactic measures are currently lacking. Oxidative stress has recently been implicated as a cause of degenerative rotator cuff tears, while mitochondrial injury has been reported in the development of age-related rotator cuff degeneration. Taurine, which has antioxidant properties, has been found to be effective in the treatment of various mitochondrial abnormalities. This prompted us to investigate the inhibitory effect of taurine and some other antioxidants against rotator cuff degeneration using tenocytes. METHODS Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2, 2 mM) was added to tenocytes in medium with 0.8 µM taurine (Group TAU), medium with 100 µM α-tocopherol (Group E), and medium with 150 µM ascorbic acid (Group C), then each medium was cultured for 24 h. Tenocytes supplemented with 2 mM H2O2 alone were similarly cultured for 24 h (Group H2O2). In each group, immunostaining was performed for the oxidative stress marker 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine and advanced glycation end products (AGE), which contribute to the development of age-related rotator cuff degeneration. In addition, levels of reactive oxygen species were measured using a cell-based assay kit, and results were compared. Immunostaining was also performed for indices of apoptosis (caspase-9, cleaved caspase-3 and Bcl-2), and Western blotting was used to quantify activation of caspase-9 at an early stage in each group. RESULTS Oxidative stress and AGE levels were decreased in the E and C groups. Levels of all parameters were reduced in the TAU group. CONCLUSIONS Taurine showed preventative effects against rotator cuff degeneration. The simple method of administration and paucity of side effects make clinical application easy, and the clear potential as a novel prophylactic strategy against degenerative rotator cuff tear warrants further study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shusuke Ueda
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kanazawa Medical UniversityDaigaku 1-1, Uchinada-machi, Kahoku-gun, Ishikawa 920-0293, Japan
| | - Toru Ichiseki
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kanazawa Medical UniversityDaigaku 1-1, Uchinada-machi, Kahoku-gun, Ishikawa 920-0293, Japan
| | - Miyako Shimasaki
- Department of Pathology 2, Kanazawa Medical UniversityDaigaku 1-1, Uchinada, Kahoku-gun, Ishikawa, 920-0293, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Hirata
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kanazawa Medical UniversityDaigaku 1-1, Uchinada-machi, Kahoku-gun, Ishikawa 920-0293, Japan
| | - Norio Kawahara
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kanazawa Medical UniversityDaigaku 1-1, Uchinada-machi, Kahoku-gun, Ishikawa 920-0293, Japan
| | - Yoshimichi Ueda
- Department of Pathology 2, Kanazawa Medical UniversityDaigaku 1-1, Uchinada, Kahoku-gun, Ishikawa, 920-0293, Japan
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Abstract
INTRODUCTION The substitution of glutamic acid by valine on the ß-globin gene produces the hemoglobin S variant responsible for sickle cell disease (SCD), a disorder that affects millions of people worldwide and leads to acute and cumulative organ damage. Even though life expectancy has significantly improved where the best medical care is available, there are still few therapeutic options for SCD and those are limited by their availability, cost, and individual toxicities. AREAS COVERED This review summarizes the clinical data on current treatments for SCD and emerging therapies studied in the acute setting as well as potential disease-modifying agents, with an emphasis on the FDA-approved agents. EXPERT OPINION Hydroxyurea has been a gold standard for two decades, showing benefits in acute complications and overall survival in sickle cell anemia, although data is lacking for certain genotypes such as hemoglobin SC. As progress is made in our understanding of the pathophysiological networks characterizing SCD, numerous pathways appear to be targetable, with L-glutamine, Crizanlizumab and Voxelotor now approved by the FDA. Pursuing a multi-agent approach could alter the disease course in a more effective fashion and provide an alternative option to curative therapies, but longer clinical studies are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jules M Ross
- Centre Universitaire de l'Université de Montréal (CHUM), Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Stéphanie Forté
- Centre Universitaire de l'Université de Montréal (CHUM), Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Denis Soulières
- Centre Universitaire de l'Université de Montréal (CHUM), Montreal, Quebec, Canada
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16
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Rahmouni F, Badraoui R, Ben-Nasr H, Bardakci F, Elkahoui S, Siddiqui AJ, Saeed M, Snoussi M, Saoudi M, Rebai T. Pharmacokinetics and Therapeutic Potential of Teucrium polium against Liver Damage Associated Hepatotoxicity and Oxidative Injury in Rats: Computational, Biochemical and Histological Studies. Life (Basel) 2022; 12:life12071092. [PMID: 35888180 PMCID: PMC9321387 DOI: 10.3390/life12071092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2022] [Revised: 07/13/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated the druggability, pharmacokinetics and ethyl acetate extract of Teucrium polium (EA T. polium) and the protective effect against carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) induced liver cirrhosis in rats. The total antioxidant capacity (TAC) and scavenging activity of the extract were examined. The in vivo protective study was based on the use of an animal model of CCl4-induced liver cirrhosis. Four groups of rats have been used: Group I: control rats; Group II: received CCl4 in olive oil (0.5 mL/kg); Group III: received the EA T. polium (25 mg/kg) of pretreatment for seven days by gavage then CCl4 in olive oil by gavage for 15 days. Group IV: received the EA of T. polium for seven days (25 mg/kg). EA T. polium was found to possess significant antioxidant capacity. CCl4 caused a hepatotoxicity associated increase in both levels of AST and ALT, which were reduced back to normal values following EA T. polium pretreatment. Hepatotoxicity associated structural modifications of liver tissues and increase in thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), conjugated dienes (CD) and carbonyl proteins (CP), associated decreases in several assessed antioxidant enzymes such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and catalase (CAT). The in vivo findings on the protective effect of T. polium were supported by its druggability, its pharmacokinetic properties and molecular docking assays. These results confirm the modulatory antioxidant and hepatoprotective potential of T. polium in this experimental liver cirrhosis model. T. polium phytochemicals are good candidates for further pharmaceutical explorations and drug design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatma Rahmouni
- Laboratory of Histo-Embryology and Cytogenetics, Medicine Faculty of Sfax, University of Sfax, Sfax 3029, Tunisia; (F.R.); (T.R.)
| | - Riadh Badraoui
- Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Ha’il, Ha’il 81451, Saudi Arabia; (F.B.); (S.E.); (A.J.S.); (M.S.); (M.S.)
- Section of Histology-Cytology, Medicine Faculty of Tunis, Tunis El Manar University, La Rabta, Tunis 1007, Tunisia
- Correspondence:
| | - Hmed Ben-Nasr
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Medicine Faculty of Sfax, University of Sfax, Sfax 3029, Tunisia;
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences of Gafsa, University of Gafsa, Zarroug, Gafsa 2112, Tunisia
| | - Fevzi Bardakci
- Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Ha’il, Ha’il 81451, Saudi Arabia; (F.B.); (S.E.); (A.J.S.); (M.S.); (M.S.)
| | - Salem Elkahoui
- Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Ha’il, Ha’il 81451, Saudi Arabia; (F.B.); (S.E.); (A.J.S.); (M.S.); (M.S.)
| | - Arif J. Siddiqui
- Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Ha’il, Ha’il 81451, Saudi Arabia; (F.B.); (S.E.); (A.J.S.); (M.S.); (M.S.)
| | - Mohd Saeed
- Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Ha’il, Ha’il 81451, Saudi Arabia; (F.B.); (S.E.); (A.J.S.); (M.S.); (M.S.)
| | - Mejdi Snoussi
- Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Ha’il, Ha’il 81451, Saudi Arabia; (F.B.); (S.E.); (A.J.S.); (M.S.); (M.S.)
| | - Mongi Saoudi
- Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Sciences Faculty of Sfax, University of Sfax, Sfax 3064, Tunisia;
| | - Tarek Rebai
- Laboratory of Histo-Embryology and Cytogenetics, Medicine Faculty of Sfax, University of Sfax, Sfax 3029, Tunisia; (F.R.); (T.R.)
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Allani SK, Rayala R, Rivera O, Prentice HM, Chen X, Ramírez-Alcántara V, Canzoneri J, Menzie-Suderam J, Huang X, Georgescu C, Wren JD, Piazza GA, Weissbach H. A novel sulindac derivative protects against oxidative damage by a cyclooxygenase-independent mechanism. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2022; 382:JPET-AR-2022-001086. [PMID: 35680377 PMCID: PMC9341458 DOI: 10.1124/jpet.122.001086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2022] [Revised: 04/30/2022] [Accepted: 05/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxidative damage is believed to play a major role in the etiology of many age-related diseases and the normal aging process. We previously reported that sulindac, a cyclooxygenase (COX) inhibitor and FDA approved anti-inflammatory drug, has chemoprotective activity in cells and intact organs by initiating a pharmacological preconditioning response, similar to ischemic preconditioning (IPC). The mechanism is independent of its COX inhibitory activity as suggested by studies on the protection of the heart against oxidative damage from ischemia/reperfusion and retinal pigmented endothelial (RPE) cells against chemical oxidative and UV damage . Unfortunately, sulindac is not recommended for long-term use due to toxicities resulting from its COX inhibitory activity. To develop a safer and more efficacious derivative of sulindac, we screened a library of indenes and identified a lead compound, MCI-100, that lacked significant COX inhibitory activity but displayed greater potency than sulindac to protect RPE cells against oxidative damage. MCI-100 also protected the intact rat heart against ischemia/reperfusion damage following oral administration. The chemoprotective activity of MCI-100 involves a preconditioning response similar to sulindac, which is supported by RNA sequencing data showing common genes that are induced or repressed by sulindac or MCI-100 treatment. Both sulindac and MCI-100 protection against oxidative damage may involve modulation of Wnt/β-catenin signaling resulting in proliferation while inhibiting TGFb signaling leading to apoptosis. In summary MCI-100, is more active than sulindac in protecting cells against oxidative damage, but without significant NSAID activity, and could have therapeutic potential in treatment of diseases that involve oxidative damage. Significance Statement In this study, we describe a novel sulindac derivative, MCI-100, that lacks significant COX inhibitory activity, but is appreciably more potent than sulindac in protecting retinal pigmented epithelial (RPE) cells against oxidative damage. Oral administration of MCI-100 markedly protected the rat heart against ischemia/reperfusion damage. MCI-100 has potential therapeutic value as a drug candidate for age-related diseases by protecting cells against oxidative damage and preventing organ failure.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Xi Chen
- Auburn University, United States
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18
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Song Y, Li X, Liu X, Yu Z, Zhang G. Calycosin Alleviates Oxidative Injury in Spinal Astrocytes by Regulating the GP130/JAK/STAT Pathway. J Oleo Sci 2022; 71:881-887. [PMID: 35584953 DOI: 10.5650/jos.ess21174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Spinal injury is a complicated disease and is reported to be associated with damages on spinal astrocytes induced by oxidative injury. Astragali Radi, a famous traditional Chinese medicine, is reported to have promising efficacy in protecting injuries in the central nervous system. This study aims to investigate the effect of calycosin, an isoflavone phytoestrogens isolated from Astragali Radi, on oxidative injury in spinal astrocytes induced by H2O2 and the underlying mechanism. Primary rat spinal astrocytes were pretreated with 5, 10, and 20 μM calycosin and subjected to H2O2 treatment for 24 h to establish an oxidative injury model. Cell viability was detected using the CCK-8 assay to screen the optimized concentration of calycosin. Flow cytometry was used to evaluate the apoptotic rate and cell cycle. The expression level of Brdu was visualized using the immunofluorescence assay. Western blotting was used to measure the expression levels of p-JAK2, p-STAT3, p-AKT, GP130, and IL-6 in spinal astrocytes. We found that proliferation was inhibited and that apoptosis was induced by the stimulation of H2O2. The expression levels of p-JAK2, p-STAT3, p-AKT, GP130, and IL-6 were significantly elevated in H2O2-treated astrocytes. After the treatment of calycosin, proliferation was facilitated, and apoptosis was suppressed. These phenomena were accompanied by the downregulation of p-JAK2, p-STAT3, p-AKT, GP130, and IL-6, which were abolished by the co-administration of PI3K (ly294002) or STAT3 (stattic) inhibitor. Overall, calycosin alleviated oxidative injury in spinal astrocytes by mediating the GP130/JAK/STAT pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingjun Song
- Department of traumatic orthopedics, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine
| | - Xu Li
- Department of traumatic orthopedics, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine
| | - Xiaozhou Liu
- Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine
| | - Zhaozhong Yu
- Department of traumatic orthopedics, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine
| | - Guofu Zhang
- Department of traumatic orthopedics, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine
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Farouk S, AL-Huqail AA. Sustainable Biochar and/or Melatonin Improve Salinity Tolerance in Borage Plants by Modulating Osmotic Adjustment, Antioxidants, and Ion Homeostasis. Plants (Basel) 2022; 11:765. [PMID: 35336647 PMCID: PMC8956032 DOI: 10.3390/plants11060765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2022] [Revised: 03/04/2022] [Accepted: 03/10/2022] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Salinity is persistently a decisive feature confining agricultural sustainability and food security in arid and semi-arid regions. Biochar (Bi) has been advocated as a means of lessening climate changes by sequestering carbon, concurrently supplying energy and rising crop productivity under normal or stressful conditions. Melatonin (Mt) has been shown to mediate numerous biochemical pathways and play important roles in mitigating multi-stress factors. However, their integrated roles in mitigating salt toxicity remain largely inexpressible. A completely randomized design was conducted to realize the remediation potential of Bi and/or Mt in attenuation salinity injury on borage plants by evaluating its effects on growth, water status, osmotic adjustment, antioxidant capacity, ions, and finally the yield. Salinity stress significantly decreased the plant growth and attributed yield when compared with non-salinized control plants. The depression effect of salinity on borage productivity was associated with the reduction in photosynthetic pigment and ascorbic acid (AsA) concentrations, potassium (K+) percentage, K+-translocation, and potassium/sodium ratio as well as catalase (CAT) activity. Additionally, borage plants' water status was disrupted by salinity through decreasing water content (WC), relative water content (RWC), and water retention capacity (WTC), as well as water potential (Ψw), osmotic potential (Ψs), and turgor potential (Ψp). Moreover, salinity stress evoked oxidative bursts via hyper-accumulation of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and malondialdehyde (MDA), as well as protein carbonyl, which is associated with membrane dysfunction. The oxidative burst was connected with the hyper-accumulation of sodium (Na+) and chloride (Cl-) in plant tissues, coupled with osmolytes' accumulation and accelerating plants' osmotic adjustment (OA) capacity. The addition of Bi and/or Mt had a positive effect in mitigating salinity on borage plants by reducing Cl-, Na+, and Na+-translocation, and oxidative biomarkers as well as Ψw, Ψs, and Ψp. Moreover, Bi and/or Mt addition to salt-affected plants increased plant growth and yield by improving plant water status and OA capacity associated with the activation of antioxidant capacity and osmolytes accumulation as well as increased photosynthetic pigments, K+, and K+/Na+ ratio. Considering these observations, Bi and/or Mt can be used as a promising approach for enhancing the productivity of salt-affected borage plants due to their roles in sustaining water relations, rising solutes synthesis, progressing OA, improving redox homeostasis, and antioxidant aptitude.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saad Farouk
- Agricultural Botany Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt;
| | - Arwa Abdulkreem AL-Huqail
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia
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Xie J, Yao Y, Wang S, Fan L, Ding J, Gao Y, Li S, Shen L, Zhu Y, Gao C. Alleviating Oxidative Injury of Myocardial Infarction by a Fibrous Polyurethane Patch with Condensed ROS-Scavenging Backbone Units. Adv Healthc Mater 2022; 11:e2101855. [PMID: 34811967 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202101855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2021] [Revised: 11/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS) generated after myocardial infarction (MI) result in the oxidative injury in myocardium. Implantation of antioxidant biomaterials, without the use of any type of drugs, is very appealing for clinical translation, leading to the great demand of novel biomaterials with high efficiency of ROS elimination. In this study, a segmented polyurethane (PFTU) with a high density of ROS-scavenging backbone units is synthesized by the reaction of poly(thioketal) dithiol (PTK) and poly(propylene fumarate) diol (PPF) (soft segments), thioketal diamine (chain extender), and 1,6-hexamethylene diisocyanate (HDI). Its chemical structure is verified by gel permeation chromatography (GPC), 1 H nuclear magnetic resonance (1 H NMR) spectroscopy, and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. The electrospun composite PFTU/gelatin (PFTU/Gt) fibrous patches show good antioxidation capacity and ROS-responsive degradation in vitro. Implantation of the PFTU/gelatin patches on the heart tissue surface in MI rats consistently decreases the ROS level, membrane peroxidation, and cell apoptosis at the earlier stage, which are not observed in the non-ROS-responsive polyurethane patch. Inflammation and fibrosis are also reduced in the PFTU/gelatin-treated hearts, resulting in the reduced left ventricular remodeling and better cardiac functions postimplantation for 28 d.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jieqi Xie
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization Department of Polymer Science and Engineering Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310027 China
| | - Yuejun Yao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization Department of Polymer Science and Engineering Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310027 China
| | - Shuqin Wang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization Department of Polymer Science and Engineering Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310027 China
| | - Linge Fan
- College of Life Sciences Institute of Genetics and Regenerative Biology Zhejiang University Hangzhou Zhejiang 310058 China
| | - Jie Ding
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization Department of Polymer Science and Engineering Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310027 China
| | - Yun Gao
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Intervention and Regenerative Medicine of Zhejiang Province Department of Cardiology Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital Zhejiang University School of Medicine Hangzhou 310000 China
| | - Shifen Li
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization Department of Polymer Science and Engineering Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310027 China
| | - Liyin Shen
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization Department of Polymer Science and Engineering Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310027 China
| | - Yang Zhu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization Department of Polymer Science and Engineering Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310027 China
| | - Changyou Gao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization Department of Polymer Science and Engineering Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310027 China
- Dr. Li Dak Sum & Yip Yio Chin Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310058 China
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21
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Chu CC, Chen SY, Chyau CC, Wang SC, Chu HL, Duh PD. Djulis ( Chenopodium formosanum) and Its Bioactive Compounds Protect Human Lung Epithelial A549 Cells from Oxidative Injury Induced by Particulate Matter via Nrf2 Signaling Pathway. Molecules 2021; 27:253. [PMID: 35011484 PMCID: PMC8746626 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27010253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2021] [Revised: 12/28/2021] [Accepted: 12/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The protective effects of water extracts of djulis (Chenopodium formosanum) (WECF) and their bioactive compounds on particulate matter (PM)-induced oxidative injury in A549 cells via the nuclear factor-erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) signaling were investigated. WECF at 50-300 µg/mL protected A549 cells from PM-induced cytotoxicity. The cytoprotection of WECF was associated with decreases in reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) formation, and increases in superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity and glutathione (GSH) contents. WECF increased Nrf2 and heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) expression in A549 cells exposed to PM. SP600125 (a JNK inhibitor) and U0126 (an ERK inhibitor) attenuated the WECF-induced Nrf2 and HO-1 expression. According to the HPLC-MS/MS analysis, rutin (2219.7 µg/g) and quercetin derivatives (2648.2 µg/g) were the most abundant bioactive compounds present in WECF. Rutin and quercetin ameliorated PM-induced oxidative stress in the cells. Collectively, the bioactive compounds present in WECF can protect A549 cells from PM-induced oxidative injury by upregulating Nrf2 and HO-1 via activation of the ERK and JUN signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chin-Chen Chu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Chi-Mei Medical Center, Tainan 710402, Taiwan;
| | - Shih-Ying Chen
- Department of Health and Nutrition, Chia Nan University of Pharmacy and Science, Tainan 71710, Taiwan;
| | - Charng-Cherng Chyau
- Research Institute of Biotechnology, Hungkuang University, 34 Chung-Chie Road, Shalu County, Taichung 43302, Taiwan;
| | - Shu-Chen Wang
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Chia Nan University of Pharmacy and Science, 60 Erh-Jen Road, Section 1, Pao-An, Jen-Te District, Tainan 71710, Taiwan; (S.-C.W.); (H.-L.C.)
| | - Heuy-Ling Chu
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Chia Nan University of Pharmacy and Science, 60 Erh-Jen Road, Section 1, Pao-An, Jen-Te District, Tainan 71710, Taiwan; (S.-C.W.); (H.-L.C.)
| | - Pin-Der Duh
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Chia Nan University of Pharmacy and Science, 60 Erh-Jen Road, Section 1, Pao-An, Jen-Te District, Tainan 71710, Taiwan; (S.-C.W.); (H.-L.C.)
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22
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Lee KH, Cha M, Lee BH. Crosstalk between Neuron and Glial Cells in Oxidative Injury and Neuroprotection. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:13315. [PMID: 34948108 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222413315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2021] [Accepted: 12/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
To counteract oxidative stress and associated brain diseases, antioxidant systems rescue neuronal cells from oxidative stress by neutralizing reactive oxygen species and preserving gene regulation. It is necessary to understand the communication and interactions between brain cells, including neurons, astrocytes and microglia, to understand oxidative stress and antioxidant mechanisms. Here, the role of glia in the protection of neurons against oxidative injury and glia–neuron crosstalk to maintain antioxidant defense mechanisms and brain protection are reviewed. The first part of this review focuses on the role of glia in the morphological and physiological changes required for brain homeostasis under oxidative stress and antioxidant defense mechanisms. The second part focuses on the essential crosstalk between neurons and glia for redox balance in the brain for protection against oxidative stress.
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23
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Zhou W, Chen B, Shang J, Li R. Ferulic acid attenuates osteoporosis induced by glucocorticoid through regulating the GSK-3β/Lrp-5/ERK signalling pathways. Physiol Int 2021; 108:317-341. [PMID: 34529586 DOI: 10.1556/2060.2021.00180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2020] [Accepted: 04/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Objective To evaluate in-vivo and in-vitro effects of ferulic acid (FA) on glucocorticoid-induced osteoarthritis (GIO) to establish its possible underlying mechanisms. Methods The effects of FA on cell proliferation, cell viability (MTT assay), ALP activity, and mineralization assay, and oxidative stress markers (ROS, SOD, GSH LDH and MDA levels) were investigated by MC3T3-E1 cell line. Wistar rats received standard saline (control group) or dexamethasone (GC, 2 mg-1 kg) or DEX+FA (50 and 100 mg-1 kg) orally for 8 weeks. Bone density, micro-architecture, bio-mechanics, bone turnover markers and histo-morphology were determined. The expression of OPG, RANKL, osteogenic markers, and other signalling proteins was assessed employing quantitative RT-PCR and Western blotting. Results The findings indicated the elevation of ALP mRNA expressions, osteogenic markers (Runx-2, OSX, Col-I, and OSN), and the β-Catenin, Lrp-5 and GSK-3β protein expressions. FA showed the potential to increase MC3T3-E1 cell differentiation, proliferation, and mineralization. FA increased oxidative stress markers (SOD, MDA, and GSH) while decreasing ROS levels and lactate dehydrogenase release in GIO rats. The OPG/RANKL mRNA expression ratio was increased by FA, followed by improved GSK-3β and ERK phosphorylation with enhanced mRNA expressions of Lrp-5 and β-catenin. Conclusion These findings showed that FA improved osteoblasts proliferation with oxidative stress suppression by controlling the Lrp-5/GSK-3β/ERK pathway in GIO, demonstrating the potential pathways involved in the mechanism of actions of FA in GIO therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zhou
- Spinal and Trauma's Ward, The Third People Hospital of Dalian, Dalian City, 116000, China
| | - Bo Chen
- Spinal and Trauma's Ward, The Third People Hospital of Dalian, Dalian City, 116000, China
| | - Jingbo Shang
- Spinal and Trauma's Ward, The Third People Hospital of Dalian, Dalian City, 116000, China
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24
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Bartman CM, Awari DW, Pabelick CM, Prakash YS. Intermittent Hypoxia-Hyperoxia and Oxidative Stress in Developing Human Airway Smooth Muscle. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10091400. [PMID: 34573032 PMCID: PMC8467919 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10091400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2021] [Revised: 08/29/2021] [Accepted: 08/30/2021] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Premature infants are frequently and intermittently administered supplemental oxygen during hypoxic episodes, resulting in cycles of intermittent hypoxia and hyperoxia. The relatively hypoxic in utero environment is important for lung development while hyperoxia during the neonatal period is recognized as detrimental towards the development of diseases such as bronchopulmonary dysplasia and bronchial asthma. Understanding early mechanisms that link hypoxic, hyperoxic, and intermittent hypoxic-hyperoxic exposures to altered airway structure and function are key to developing advanced therapeutic approaches in the clinic. Changes in oxygen availability can be detrimental to cellular function and contribute to oxidative damage. Here, we sought to determine the effect of oxygen on mitochondria in human fetal airway smooth muscle cells exposed to either 5% O2, 21% O2, 40% O2, or cycles of 5% and 40% O2 (intermittent hypoxia-hyperoxia). Reactive oxygen species production, altered mitochondrial morphology, and changes in mitochondrial respiration were assessed in the context of the antioxidant N-acetylcysteine. Our findings show developing airway smooth muscle is differentially responsive to hypoxic, hyperoxic, or intermittent hypoxic-hyperoxic exposure in terms of mitochondrial structure and function. Cycling O2 decreased mitochondrial branching and branch length similar to hypoxia and hyperoxia in the presence of antioxidants. Additionally, hypoxia decreased overall mitochondrial respiration while the addition of antioxidants increased respiration in normoxic and O2-cycling conditions. These studies show the necessity of balancing oxidative damage and antioxidant defense systems in the developing airway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Colleen M. Bartman
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA; (D.W.A.); (C.M.P.)
- Correspondence: (C.M.B.); (Y.S.P.)
| | - Daniel Wasim Awari
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA; (D.W.A.); (C.M.P.)
| | - Christina M. Pabelick
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA; (D.W.A.); (C.M.P.)
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Y. S. Prakash
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA; (D.W.A.); (C.M.P.)
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
- Correspondence: (C.M.B.); (Y.S.P.)
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25
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Ibrahim KA, Eleyan M, Khwanes SA, Mohamed RA, Abd El-Rahman HA. Quercetin ameliorates the hepatic apoptosis of foetal rats induced by in utero exposure to fenitrothion via the transcriptional regulation of paraoxonase-1 and apoptosis-related genes. Biomarkers 2021; 26:152-162. [PMID: 33439051 DOI: 10.1080/1354750x.2021.1875505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & PURPOSE Exposure to organophosphorus during different phases of pregnancy induces many adverse impacts on the developing foetuses due to their immature detoxification system. We have estimated the potential amelioration role of quercetin against hepatic injury-induced apoptosis in rat foetuses following gestational exposure to fenitrothion and probable involvement of paraoxonase-1. METHODS Forty pregnant rats were allocated into four groups; the first one kept as control, the second intubated with quercetin (100 mg/kg), the third orally administrated fenitrothion (4.62 mg/kg) and the last group received quercetin two hours before fenitrothion intoxication. RESULTS Fenitrothion significantly elevated the foetal hepatic levels of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances, protein carbonyl, and nitric oxide, but it reduced the enzymatic activities of glutathione-S-transferase, superoxide dismutase, catalase, and acetylcholinesterase. Furthermore, fenitrothion provoked many histopathological changes in the foetal liver and markedly up-regulated the mRNA gene expression of p53, caspase-9 along with elevation in the immunoreactivity of Bax and caspase-3, but it down-regulated the expression level of paraoxonase-1. Remarkably, quercetin co-treatment successfully ameliorated the hepatic oxidative injury and apoptosis prompted by fenitrothion. CONCLUSIONS Dietary supplements with quercetin can be used to reduce the risk from organophosphorus exposure probably through paraoxonase-1 up-regulation and enhancement of the cellular antioxidant system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khairy A Ibrahim
- Mammalian Toxicology Department, Central Agricultural Pesticides Laboratory, Agricultural Research Center, Giza, Egypt
| | - Mohammed Eleyan
- Department of Laboratory Medical Sciences, Alaqsa University, Gaza, Palestine
| | - Soad A Khwanes
- Mammalian Toxicology Department, Central Agricultural Pesticides Laboratory, Agricultural Research Center, Giza, Egypt
| | - Rania A Mohamed
- Mammalian Toxicology Department, Central Agricultural Pesticides Laboratory, Agricultural Research Center, Giza, Egypt
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26
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Li YJ, Zhan Y, Li C, Sun J, Yang C. CPI-1189 protects neuronal cells from oxygen glucose deprivation/re-oxygenation-induced oxidative injury and cell death. Aging (Albany NY) 2021; 13:6712-6723. [PMID: 33621193 PMCID: PMC7993696 DOI: 10.18632/aging.202528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2020] [Accepted: 12/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Oxygen glucose deprivation (OGD)/re-oxygenation (OGDR) induces profound oxidative injury and neuronal cell death. It mimics ischemia-reperfusion neuronal injury. CPI-1189 is a novel tumor necrosis factor alpha-inhibiting compound with potential neuroprotective function. Here in SH-SY5Y neuronal cells and primary murine cortical neurons, CPI-1189 pretreatment potently inhibited OGDR-induced viability reduction and cell death. In OGDR-stimulated neuronal cells, p38 phosphorylation was blocked by CPI-1189. In addition, CPI-1189 alleviated OGDR-induced reactive oxygen species production, lipid peroxidation, and glutathione consumption. OGDR-induced neuronal cell apoptosis was also inhibited by CPI-1189 pretreatment. Furthermore, in SH-SY5Y cells and cortical neurons, CPI-1189 alleviated OGDR-induced programmed necrosis by inhibiting mitochondrial p53-cyclophilin D-adenine nucleotide translocase 1 association, mitochondrial depolarization, and lactate dehydrogenase release to the medium. In summary, CPI-1189 potently inhibited OGDR-induced oxidative injury and neuronal cell death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Jun Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, Lianshui County People's Hospital, Lianshui, China
| | - Yueli Zhan
- Anxi Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Anxi, China
| | - Chengrui Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, Lianshui County People's Hospital, Lianshui, China
| | - Jianhong Sun
- Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Chengliang Yang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
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27
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Zrzavy T, Schwaiger C, Wimmer I, Berger T, Bauer J, Butovsky O, Schwab JM, Lassmann H, Höftberger R. Acute and non-resolving inflammation associate with oxidative injury after human spinal cord injury. Brain 2021; 144:144-161. [PMID: 33578421 PMCID: PMC7880675 DOI: 10.1093/brain/awaa360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2020] [Revised: 07/08/2020] [Accepted: 08/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Traumatic spinal cord injury is a devastating insult followed by progressive cord atrophy and neurodegeneration. Dysregulated or non-resolving inflammatory processes can disturb neuronal homeostasis and drive neurodegeneration. Here, we provide an in-depth characterization of innate and adaptive inflammatory responses as well as oxidative tissue injury in human traumatic spinal cord injury lesions compared to non-traumatic control cords. In the lesion core, microglia were rapidly lost while intermediate (co-expressing pro- as well as anti-inflammatory molecules) blood-borne macrophages dominated. In contrast, in the surrounding rim, TMEM119+ microglia numbers were maintained through local proliferation and demonstrated a predominantly pro-inflammatory phenotype. Lymphocyte numbers were low and mainly consisted of CD8+ T cells. Only in a subpopulation of patients, CD138+/IgG+ plasma cells were detected, which could serve as candidate cellular sources for a developing humoral immunity. Oxidative neuronal cell body and axonal injury was visualized by intracellular accumulation of amyloid precursor protein (APP) and oxidized phospholipids (e06) and occurred early within the lesion core and declined over time. In contrast, within the surrounding rim, pronounced APP+/e06+ axon-dendritic injury of neurons was detected, which remained significantly elevated up to months/years, thus providing mechanistic evidence for ongoing neuronal damage long after initial trauma. Dynamic and sustained neurotoxicity after human spinal cord injury might be a substantial contributor to (i) an impaired response to rehabilitation; (ii) overall failure of recovery; or (iii) late loss of recovered function (neuro-worsening/degeneration).
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Affiliation(s)
- Tobias Zrzavy
- Department of Neurology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Carmen Schwaiger
- Division of Neuropathology and Neurochemistry, Department of Neurology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Isabella Wimmer
- Department of Neurology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Thomas Berger
- Department of Neurology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Jan Bauer
- Center for Brain Research, Medical University of Vienna, Austria
| | - Oleg Butovsky
- Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Department of Neurology, Brigham and Womeńs Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Evergrande Center for Immunologic Diseases, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jan M Schwab
- The Belford Center for Spinal Cord Injury, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
- Department of Neurology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
- Department of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
- Department of Neuroscience, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Hans Lassmann
- Center for Brain Research, Medical University of Vienna, Austria
| | - Romana Höftberger
- Division of Neuropathology and Neurochemistry, Department of Neurology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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28
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Bonavia A, Stiles N. Renohepatic crosstalk: a review of the effects of acute kidney injury on the liver. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2021; 37:1218-1228. [PMID: 33527986 DOI: 10.1093/ndt/gfaa297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Several theories regarding acute kidney injury (AKI)-related mortality have been entertained, although mounting evidence supports the paradigm that impaired kidney function directly and adversely affects the function of several remote organs. The kidneys and liver are fundamental to human metabolism and detoxification, and it is therefore hardly surprising that critical illness complicated by hepatorenal dysfunction portends a poor prognosis. Several diseases can simultaneously impact the proper functioning of the liver and kidneys, although this review will address the impact of AKI on liver function. While evidence for this relationship in humans remains sparse, we present supportive studies and then discuss the most likely mechanisms by which AKI can cause liver dysfunction. These include 'traditional' complications of AKI (uremia, volume overload and acute metabolic acidosis, among others) as well as systemic inflammation, hepatic leukocyte infiltration, cytokine-mediated liver injury and hepatic oxidative stress. We conclude by addressing the therapeutic implications of these findings to clinical medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthony Bonavia
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Penn State Milton S. Hershey Medical Center, Hershey, PA, USA.,Department of Pharmacology, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Nicholas Stiles
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Penn State Milton S. Hershey Medical Center, Hershey, PA, USA
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29
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Huang DR, Dai CM, Li SY, Li XF. Obacunone protects retinal pigment epithelium cells from ultra-violet radiation-induced oxidative injury. Aging (Albany NY) 2021; 13:11010-11025. [PMID: 33535179 PMCID: PMC8109142 DOI: 10.18632/aging.202437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2020] [Accepted: 08/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Ultra-violet (UV) radiation (UVR) causes significant oxidative injury to retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) cells. Obacunone is a highly oxygenated triterpenoid limonoid compound with various pharmacological properties. Its potential effect in RPE cells has not been studied thus far. Here in ARPE-19 cells and primary murine RPE cells, obacunone potently inhibited UVR-induced reactive oxygen species accumulation, mitochondrial depolarization, lipid peroxidation and single strand DNA accumulation. UVR-induced RPE cell death and apoptosis were largely alleviated by obacunone. Obacunone activated Nrf2 signaling cascade in RPE cells, causing Keap1-Nrf2 disassociation, Nrf2 protein stabilization and nuclear translocation. It promoted transcription and expression of antioxidant responsive element-dependent genes. Nrf2 silencing or CRISPR/Cas9-induced Nrf2 knockout almost reversed obacunone-induced RPE cytoprotection against UVR. Forced activation of Nrf2 cascade, by Keap1 knockout, similarly protected RPE cells from UVR. Importantly, obacunone failed to offer further RPE cytoprotection against UVR in Keap1-knockout cells. In vivo, intravitreal injection of obacunone largely inhibited light-induced retinal damage. Collectively, obacunone protects RPE cells from UVR-induced oxidative injury through activation of Nrf2 signaling cascade.
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Affiliation(s)
- Da-Rui Huang
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Affiliated Huaian NO.1 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Huaian, China
| | - Chang-Ming Dai
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Affiliated Huaian NO.1 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Huaian, China
| | - Shu-Yan Li
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Affiliated Huaian NO.1 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Huaian, China
| | - Xiao-Feng Li
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Affiliated Huaian NO.1 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Huaian, China
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30
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Yang K, Bai Y, Yu N, Lu B, Han G, Yin C, Pang Z. Huidouba Improved Podocyte Injury by Down-Regulating Nox4 Expression in Rats With Diabetic Nephropathy. Front Pharmacol 2021; 11:587995. [PMID: 33390962 PMCID: PMC7774310 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.587995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2020] [Accepted: 10/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetic nephropathy (DN), as the most common microvascular complication of diabetes mellitus (DM), has become one of the leading causes of end-stage renal disease (ESRD). Numerous studies have indicated that podocyte loss plays an important role in the development of DN and can even cause proteinuria in the early stage of DN. In the study, we found that Huidouba (HDB) significantly decreased the level of fasting blood glucose (FBG), the ratio of microalbumin to urine creatine (mAlb/Ucr), serum creatine (Scr), serum urea nitrogen (BUN), and malondialdehyde (MDA) in the kidney and downregulated the expression of Nox4 predominantly located in glomerular tissue while upregulating nephrin and WT1 expression in DN rats. In addition, HDB could also reduce podocyte damage and glomerular basement membrane (GBM) pathologic changes, as shown by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). In vitro study showed that HDB could inhibit high glucose (HG)-induced Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) production and protect against podocyte apoptosis by downregulated Nox4 expression in podocytes. These results may provide a scientific basis for developing HDB as a potential folk medicine for the treatment of DN.
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Affiliation(s)
- KunBao Yang
- School of Pharmacy, Minzu University of China, Beijing, China.,Hebei Key Laboratory of Research and Development for Chinese Medicine, Chengde Medical University, Hebei, China
| | - YingHui Bai
- School of Pharmacy, Minzu University of China, Beijing, China
| | - Ning Yu
- The Affiliated Hospital of Chengde Medical University, Hebei, China
| | - BiNan Lu
- School of Pharmacy, Minzu University of China, Beijing, China
| | - GuiYan Han
- The Affiliated Hospital of Chengde Medical University, Hebei, China
| | - ChangJiang Yin
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Research and Development for Chinese Medicine, Chengde Medical University, Hebei, China
| | - ZongRan Pang
- School of Pharmacy, Minzu University of China, Beijing, China
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31
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Ogbonna Okoro C, Aloke C, Ibiam UA, Obasi NA, Orji OU, Ogbonnia EC, Ogbu PN, Emelike CU, Ufebe GO, Nwamaka Ezeani N. Studies on Ethanol Extracts of Olax subscorpioidea Against Carbon Tetrachloride-Induced Hepatotoxicity in Rats. Pak J Biol Sci 2021; 24:724-732. [PMID: 34486349 DOI: 10.3923/pjbs.2021.724.732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
<b>Background and Objective:</b> Liver disease orchestrated by noxious chemicals are serious health problems the world over. Traditionally, there are claims that ethanol extracts of leaves and stem barks of <i>Olax subscorpioidea</i> are used in the treatment of hepatic disorders. Thus, it investigated the impacts of ethanol extract of leaves and stem bark of <i>Olax subscorpioidea</i> against carbon tetrachloride (CCl<sub>4</sub>)-induced liver damage in rats. <b>Materials and Methods:</b> Liver toxicity was induced by intraperitoneal injection of 2.5 mg kg<sup>1</sup> b.wt., of CCl<sub>4</sub> in experimental rats. Rats were treated with 200, 400 and 800 mg kg<sup>1</sup> dose ethanol leaves and stem bark of <i>Olax subscorpioidea</i>, respectively after induction of liver damage. <b>Results:</b> Obtained results showed a significant rise in the serum levels of Aspartate Aminotransferase (AST), Alanine Aminotransferase (ALT), Alkaline Phosphatase (ALP), Malondialdehyde (MDA) and bilirubin as well as decreased Albumin (ALB), Superoxide Dismutase (SOD), Catalase (CAT), reduced Glutathione (GSH) in CCl<sub>4</sub>-challenged rats. Treatment with the extracts attenuated serum levels of AST, ALT, ALP, MDA and bilirubin in addition to increased activities of SOD, CAT and the levels of ALB and GSH when compared to the CCl<sub>4</sub> group. Histopathological studies demonstrated that the extracts ameliorated liver necrosis and inflammation due to CCl<sub>4</sub> insult. <b>Conclusion:</b> These results concluded that ethanol extract of leaves and stem bark of <i>Olax subscorpioidea </i>may reduce hepatic oxidative injury caused by CCl<sub>4</sub> by its antioxidant potentials.
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E Megahd H, M S Gabal A. Evaluation of Matcha ( Camellia sinensis) and Ashwagandha ( Withania somnifera) Efficacy Against Utero-Ovarian Injury in Rats. Pak J Biol Sci 2021; 24:1256-1268. [PMID: 34989203 DOI: 10.3923/pjbs.2021.1256.1268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
<b>Background and Objective:</b> Female infertility and reproductive problems have increased worldwide. Medical treatment of such conditions has high costs with various side effects. Alternative medicine, essentially herbal plants, has been projecting to improve female infertility and reproductive health. This study was aimed to evaluate the efficacy of single or combined administration of matcha and ashwagandha teas against H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>-induced Utero-ovarian oxidative injury and cell death in female rats. <b>Materials and Methods:</b> Fifty adult female rats were used. Ten rats were kept healthy while in others Utero-ovarian oxidative injury was induced by drinking 1% H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> water <i>ad libitum</i>. Injured rats were divided into 4 groups (10 rats/each), one group set as injured control and the other 3 groups the doses of supplemented teas were 200 mg kg<sup></sup><sup>1</sup> b.wt. and 100 mg kg<sup></sup><sup>1</sup> b.wt. from each or both teas, respectively. <b>Results:</b> The results displayed that both teas contain active components including flavonoids, polyphenols and possess antioxidant activity. Drinking 1% H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> water significantly (p<u><</u>0.01)decreased the estrous cycle time, body, ovary and uterus weights, serum follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), progesterone and estrogen (E2) levels, uterine and ovarian superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity and reduced glutathione (GSH) level while caused a substantial increase (p<u><</u>0.01) in uterine and ovarian malondialdehyde (MDA) level, DNA fragmentation percent, caspase-3 (Casp-3), 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine (8-OHdG), tumour necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) levels as well as cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) activity. Moreover, microscopic observations of uterine and ovarian tissues were consistent with the biochemical results. <b>Conclusion:</b> Oral administration of tested teas improved and ameliorated all the biochemical and microscopic observations by restricting cellular DNA damage and protecting uterine and ovarian tissues from oxidative injury and cell death. The best improvement was observed in the matcha administered group.
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Shimasaki M, Ueda S, Ichiseki T, Hirata H, Kawahara N, Ueda Y. Resistance of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells in a stressed environment - Comparison with osteocyte cells. Int J Med Sci 2021; 18:1375-1381. [PMID: 33628093 PMCID: PMC7893571 DOI: 10.7150/ijms.52104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2020] [Accepted: 12/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Recently, the efficacy of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) mediated by their tissue repair and anti-inflammatory actions in the prevention and therapy of various disorders has been reported. In this research, our attention was focused specifically on the prevention and therapy of glucocorticoid-induced osteonecrosis. We investigated the stress resistance of MSC against glucocorticoid administration and hypoxic stress, which are factors known to induce osteocytic cell death. Materials and Methods: Mouse bone cells (MLO-Y4) and bone-marrow derived mouse MSCs were exposed to dexamethasone (Dex), hypoxia of 1% oxygen or both in vitro. Mitochondrial membrane potentials were estimated by mitochondria labeling with a cell-permeant probe (Mito tracker red); expression of these apoptosis-inducing molecules, oxidative stress marker (8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine), caspase-3, -9, and two apoptosis-inhibiting molecules, energy-producing ATP synthase (ATP5A) and X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis protein (XIAP), were analyzed by both immunofluorescence and western blot. Results: With exposure to either dexamethasone or hypoxia, MLO-Y4 showed reduced mitochondrial membrane potential, ATP5A and upregulation of 8-OHdG, cleaved caspases and XIAP. Those changes were significantly enhanced by treatment with dexamethasone plus hypoxia. In MSCs, however, mitochondrial membrane potentials were preserved, while no significant changes in the pro-apoptosis or anti-apoptosis molecules analyzed were found even with exposure to both dexamethasone and hypoxia. No such effects induced by treatment with dexamethasone, hypoxia, or both were demonstrated in MSCs at all. Discussion: In osteocyte cells subjected to the double stresses of glucocorticoid administration and a hypoxic environment osteocytic cell death was mediated via mitochondria. In contrast, MSC subjected to the same stressors showed preservation of mitochondrial function and reduced oxidative stress. Accordingly, even under conditions sufficiently stressful to cause the osteocytic cell death in vivo, it was thought that the function of MSC could be preserved, suggesting that in the case of osteonecrosis preventative and therapeutic strategies incorporating their intraosseous implantation may be promising.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miyako Shimasaki
- Department of Pathology 2, Kanazawa Medical University, Daigaku 1-1, Uchinada, Kahoku-gun, Ishikawa, 920-0293, Japan
| | - Shusuke Ueda
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kanazawa Medical University, Daigaku 1-1, Uchinada-machi, Kahoku-gun, Ishikawa 920-0293, Japan
| | - Toru Ichiseki
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kanazawa Medical University, Daigaku 1-1, Uchinada-machi, Kahoku-gun, Ishikawa 920-0293, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Hirata
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kanazawa Medical University, Daigaku 1-1, Uchinada-machi, Kahoku-gun, Ishikawa 920-0293, Japan
| | - Norio Kawahara
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kanazawa Medical University, Daigaku 1-1, Uchinada-machi, Kahoku-gun, Ishikawa 920-0293, Japan
| | - Yoshimichi Ueda
- Department of Pathology 2, Kanazawa Medical University, Daigaku 1-1, Uchinada, Kahoku-gun, Ishikawa, 920-0293, Japan
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Smach MA, Zarrouk A, Hafsa J, Gaffrej H, Ben Abdallah J, Charfeddine B, Limem K. Maillard Reaction Products and Phenolic Compounds from Roasted Peanut Flour Extracts Prevent Scopolamine-Induced Amnesia Via Cholinergic Modulation and Antioxidative Effects in Mice. J Med Food 2020; 24:645-652. [PMID: 33035147 DOI: 10.1089/jmf.2020.0028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Research on the beneficial effects of Maillard reaction products (MRPs) and phenolic compounds derived from roasted peanut flour on the nervous system remains insufficient. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of a 28-day oral administration of defatted peanut extract rich in MPRs and polyphenolic compounds on the cognitive impairments and oxidative injury induced by scopolamine in a mouse model. Light and dark extracts from peanut flour were prepared by heating peanuts at 187°C for two different times (8.6 and 12.7 min) and defatted using soxhlet apparatus. The mice were orally pretreated with either roasted defatted peanuts extracts (100 mg/kg) or donepezil (3 mg/kg) for 21 days. On day 19 and until day 28, mice were injected subcutaneously with water or scopolamine (1 mg/kg body weight) 15 min after roasted defatted peanuts extracts/water feeding. Mice were subsequently subjected to a battery of behavioral tests including open field locomotor activity assay, and Morris water maze test. Brain tissues were collected to measure acetylcholine, acetylcholinesterase, and oxidative parameters (glutathione and malondialdehyde). Roasted defatted peanuts (light and dark) (100 mg/kg) treatment significantly ameliorated cognitive performance and reversed the oxidative damage when compared with the scopolamine group. These data demonstrate the defatted peanuts extracts exert potent anti-amnesic effects via the modulation of cholinergic and antioxidant activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Ali Smach
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine Sousse, University of Sousse, Sousse, Tunisia
| | - Amira Zarrouk
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine Sousse, University of Sousse, Sousse, Tunisia.,Laboratory 'Nutrition, Functional Aliments and vascular Health', UR12ES05 Monastir University, Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Jawhar Hafsa
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine Sousse, University of Sousse, Sousse, Tunisia.,AgroBiosciences Research Division, Mohammed VI Polytechnic University, Ben-Guerir, Morocco
| | - Henda Gaffrej
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine Sousse, University of Sousse, Sousse, Tunisia
| | - Jihen Ben Abdallah
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine Sousse, University of Sousse, Sousse, Tunisia
| | - Bassem Charfeddine
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine Sousse, University of Sousse, Sousse, Tunisia
| | - Khalifa Limem
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine Sousse, University of Sousse, Sousse, Tunisia
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Corti A, Bonetti J, Dominici S, Piaggi S, Fierabracci V, Foddis R, Pompella A. Induction of Gamma-Glutamyltransferase Activity and Consequent Pro-oxidant Reactions in Human Macrophages Exposed to Crocidolite Asbestos. Toxicol Sci 2020; 177:476-482. [PMID: 31388672 DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfz175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Asbestos is the main causative agent of malignant pleural mesothelioma. The variety known as crocidolite (blue asbestos) owns the highest pathogenic potential, due to the dimensions of its fibers as well as to its content of iron. The latter can in fact react with macrophage-derived hydrogen peroxide in the so called Fenton reaction, giving rise to highly reactive and mutagenic hydroxyl radical. On the other hand, hydroxyl radical can as well originate after thiol-dependent reduction of iron, a process capable of starting its redox cycling. Previous studies showed that glutathione (GSH) is one such thiol, and that cellular gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) can efficiently potentiate GSH-dependent iron redox cycling and consequent oxidative stress. As GGT is expressed in macrophages and is released upon their activation, the present study was aimed at verifying the hypothesis that GSH/GGT-dependent redox reactions may participate in the oxidative stress following the activation of macrophages induced by crocidolite asbestos. Experiments in acellular systems confirmed that GGT-mediated metabolism of GSH can potentiate crocidolite-dependent production of superoxide anion, through the production of highly reactive dipeptide thiol cysteinyl-glycine. Cultured THP-1 macrophagic cells, as well as isolated monocytes obtained from healthy donors and differentiated to macrophages in vitro, were investigated as to their expression of GGT and the effects of exposure to crocidolite. The results show that crocidolite asbestos at subtoxic concentrations (50-250 ng/1000 cells) can upregulate GGT expression, which raises the possibility that macrophage-initiated, GSH/GGT-dependent pro-oxidant reactions may participate in the pathogenesis of tissue damage and inflammation consequent to crocidolite intoxication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Corti
- Department of Translational Research NTMS, University of Pisa Medical School, Pisa 56126, Italy
| | | | - Silvia Dominici
- Department of Translational Research NTMS, University of Pisa Medical School, Pisa 56126, Italy
| | - Simona Piaggi
- Department of Translational Research NTMS, University of Pisa Medical School, Pisa 56126, Italy
| | - Vanna Fierabracci
- Department of Translational Research NTMS, University of Pisa Medical School, Pisa 56126, Italy
| | - Rudy Foddis
- Department of Translational Research NTMS, University of Pisa Medical School, Pisa 56126, Italy
| | - Alfonso Pompella
- Department of Translational Research NTMS, University of Pisa Medical School, Pisa 56126, Italy
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Liu J, Yang K, Jin Y, Liu Y, Chen Y, Zhang X, Yu S, Song E, Chen S, Zhang J, Jing G, An R. H3 relaxin protects against calcium oxalate crystal-induced renal inflammatory pyroptosis. Cell Prolif 2020; 53:e12902. [PMID: 32945585 PMCID: PMC7574868 DOI: 10.1111/cpr.12902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2020] [Revised: 08/21/2020] [Accepted: 08/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Calcium oxalate (CaOx) crystals can activate inflammatory cytokines by triggering inflammasomes, which cause damage to the adhered epithelium, a dysfunctional microenvironment and even renal failure. However, a comprehensive and in-depth understanding of the mechanisms underlying the effects of these crystals on damage and cytokine function in renal tubular epithelial cells (TECs) remains limited and to be explored. MATERIALS AND METHODS We detected the pyroptosis of TECs induced after exposure to CaOx crystals and demonstrated the significance of cytokine activation in the subsequent inflammatory processes through a proteomic study. We then conducted animal and cell experiments to verify relevant mechanisms through morphological, protein, histological and biochemical approaches. Human serum samples were further tested to help explain the pathophysiological mechanism of H3 relaxin. RESULTS We verified that crystal-induced extracellular adenosine triphosphate (ATP) upregulation via the membrane purinergic 2X7 receptor (P2X7 R) promotes ROS generation and thereby activates NLRP3 inflammasome-mediated interleukin-1β/18 maturation and gasdermin D cleavage. Human recombinant relaxin-3 (H3 relaxin) can act on the transmembrane receptor RXFP1 to produce cAMP and subsequently improves crystal-derived damage via ATP consumption. Additionally, endogenous relaxin-3 was found to be elevated in patients with renal calculus and can thus serve as a biomarker. CONCLUSIONS Our results provide previously unidentified mechanistic insights into CaOx crystal-induced inflammatory pyroptotic damage and H3 relaxin-mediated anti-inflammatory protection and thus suggest a series of potential therapeutic targets and methods for but not limited to nephrocalcinosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiannan Liu
- Department of UrologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical UniversityHeilongjiangChina
| | - Kelaier Yang
- Department of EndocrinologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical UniversityHeilongjiangChina
| | - Yinshan Jin
- Department of UrologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical UniversityHeilongjiangChina
| | - Yadong Liu
- Department of UrologyNingbo First HospitalZhejiangChina
| | - Yaodong Chen
- Department of Ultrasonic ImagingThe First Affiliated Hospital of Shanxi Medical UniversityShanxiChina
| | - Xiaohui Zhang
- Department of CardiologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical UniversityHeilongjiangChina
| | - Shiliang Yu
- Department of UrologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical UniversityHeilongjiangChina
| | - Erlin Song
- Department of UrologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical UniversityHeilongjiangChina
| | - Song Chen
- Department of UrologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical UniversityHeilongjiangChina
| | - Jingbo Zhang
- Department of UrologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical UniversityHeilongjiangChina
| | - Guanhua Jing
- Department of UrologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical UniversityHeilongjiangChina
| | - Ruihua An
- Department of UrologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical UniversityHeilongjiangChina
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Cheng QQ, Wan YW, Yang WM, Tian MH, Wang YC, He HY, Zhang WD, Liu X. Gastrodin protects H9c2 cardiomyocytes against oxidative injury by ameliorating imbalanced mitochondrial dynamics and mitochondrial dysfunction. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2020; 41:1314-1327. [PMID: 32203078 PMCID: PMC7608121 DOI: 10.1038/s41401-020-0382-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2019] [Revised: 02/13/2020] [Accepted: 02/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Gastrodin (GAS) is the main bioactive component of Tianma, a traditional Chinese medicine widely used to treat neurological disorders as well as cardio- and cerebrovascular diseases. In the present study, the protective effects of GAS on H9c2 cells against ischemia-reperfusion (IR)-like injury were found to be related to decreasing of oxidative stress. Furthermore, GAS could protect H9c2 cells against oxidative injury induced by H2O2. Pretreatment of GAS at 20, 50, and 100 μM for 4 h significantly ameliorated the decrease in cell viability and increase in apoptosis of H9c2 cells treated with 400 μM H2O2 for 3 h. Furthermore, we showed that H2O2 treatment induced fragmentation of mitochondria and significant reduction in networks, footprint, and tubular length of mitochondria; H2O2 treatment strongly inhibited mitochondrial respiration; H2O2 treatment induced a decrease in the expression of mitochondrial fusion factors Mfn2 and Opa1, and increase in the expression of mitochondrial fission factor Fis1. All these alterations in H2O2-treated H9c2 cells could be ameliorated by GAS pretreatment. Moreover, we revealed that GAS pretreatment enhanced the nuclear translocation of Nrf2 under H2O2 treatment. Knockdown of Nrf2 expression abolished the protective effects of GAS on H2O2-treated H9c2 cells. Our results suggest that GAS may protect H9c2 cardiomycytes against oxidative injury via increasing the nuclear translocation of Nrf2, regulating mitochondrial dynamics, and maintaining the structure and functions of mitochondria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiao-Qiao Cheng
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Biomedical Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Yu-Wei Wan
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Biomedical Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Wei-Min Yang
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Yunnan Key Laboratory of Pharmacology for Natural Products, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650500, China
| | - Meng-Hua Tian
- Zhaotong Institute of Tianma, Zhaotong, 657000, China
| | - Yu-Chuan Wang
- Zhaotong Institute of Tianma, Zhaotong, 657000, China
| | - Hai-Yan He
- Zhaotong Institute of Tianma, Zhaotong, 657000, China
| | - Wei-Dong Zhang
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Biomedical Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China.
| | - Xuan Liu
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Biomedical Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China.
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Kartal S, Kip G, Küçük A, Aşçı SS, Erdem Ö, Arslan M, Kavutçu M. The Effects of Dexmedetomidine and Ketamine on Oxidative Injuries and Histological Changes Following Blunt Chest Trauma. Drug Des Devel Ther 2020; 14:2937-2943. [PMID: 32801635 PMCID: PMC7384874 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s258921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2020] [Accepted: 06/25/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The objective of this research was to evaluate the oxidative and histopathological effects of dexmedetomidine and ketamine on the pulmonary contusion model resulting from blunt chest trauma. METHODS Rats were randomly assigned to 5 equal groups (n=6): control group (Group C), pulmonary contusion group (Group PC), PC-dexmedetomidine group (Group PC-D), PC-ketamine group (Group PC-K), and PC-dexmedetomidine + ketamine (Group PC-D+K). The PC was performed by dropping a weight of 500 g (2.45 Joules) from a height of 50 cm. In Group PC-D, after chest trauma, dexmedetomidine (100 µg/kg) was administered intraperitoneally. In Group PC-K, after chest trauma, ketamine (100 mg/kg) was administered intraperitoneally. In Group PC-D+K, dexmedetomidine and ketamine were administered together. At the end of the 6th hour, rats were sacrificed. Malondialdehyde (MDA) level, superoxide dismutase (SOD) enzyme activities, neutrophil infiltration/aggregation, and thickness of the alveolar wall were evaluated. RESULTS MDA levels were significantly higher in Group PC than Groups C, PC-D, and PC-D+K. SOD enzyme activity was significantly higher in Group PC than Groups C, PC-D, and PC-D+K. In addition, neutrophil infiltration/aggregation and total pulmonary injury scores were significantly higher in Group PC than in other groups, and the thickness of the alveolar wall was significantly higher in Group PC compared to Groups C, PC-D, and PC-D+K. MDA level, SOD enzyme activities, neutrophil infiltration/aggregation, and thickness of alveolar wall were similar in PC-D and PC-D+K groups. CONCLUSION Dexmedetomidine and dexmedetomidine+ketamine have protective effects on blunt chest trauma but no protective effect was observed when ketamine was administered alone. We concluded that the administration of dexmedetomidine and ketamine after contusion is beneficial against pulmonary injury in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyfi Kartal
- Health Science University, Kanuni Training and Research Hospital, Department of Anaesthesiology and Reanimation, Trabzon, Turkey
| | - Gülay Kip
- Gazi University, School of Medicine, Department of Anaesthesiology and Reanimation, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Ayşegül Küçük
- Kütahya Health Science University, School of Medicine, Department of Physiology, Kütahya, Turkey
| | - Seyhan Sümeyra Aşçı
- Health Science University, Kanuni Training and Research Hospital, Department of Anaesthesiology and Reanimation, Trabzon, Turkey
| | - Özlem Erdem
- Gazi University, School of Medicine, Department of Medical Pathology, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Mustafa Arslan
- Gazi University, School of Medicine, Department of Anaesthesiology and Reanimation, Ankara, Turkey,Correspondence: Mustafa Arslan Gazi University, School of Medicine, Department of Anaesthesiology and Reanimation, Ankara06510, TurkeyTel +90 312 202 53 13Fax +90 312 202 4166 Email
| | - Mustafa Kavutçu
- Gazi University, School of Medicine, Department of Medical Biochemistry, Ankara, Turkey
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Hatherell S, Baltazar MT, Reynolds J, Carmichael PL, Dent M, Li H, Ryder S, White A, Walker P, Middleton AM. Identifying and Characterizing Stress Pathways of Concern for Consumer Safety in Next-Generation Risk Assessment. Toxicol Sci 2020; 176:11-33. [PMID: 32374857 PMCID: PMC7357173 DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfaa054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Many substances for which consumer safety risk assessments need to be conducted are not associated with specific toxicity modes of action, but rather exhibit nonspecific toxicity leading to cell stress. In this work, a cellular stress panel is described, consisting of 36 biomarkers representing mitochondrial toxicity, cell stress, and cell health, measured predominantly using high content imaging. To evaluate the panel, data were generated for 13 substances at exposures consistent with typical use-case scenarios. These included some that have been shown to cause adverse effects in a proportion of exposed humans and have a toxicological mode-of-action associated with cellular stress (eg, doxorubicin, troglitazone, and diclofenac), and some that are not associated with adverse effects due to cellular stress at human-relevant exposures (eg, caffeine, niacinamide, and phenoxyethanol). For each substance, concentration response data were generated for each biomarker at 3 timepoints. A Bayesian model was then developed to quantify the evidence for a biological response, and if present, a credibility range for the estimated point of departure (PoD) was determined. PoDs were compared with the plasma Cmax associated with the typical substance exposures, and indicated a clear differentiation between "low" risk and "high" risk chemical exposure scenarios. Developing robust methods to characterize the in vitro bioactivity of xenobiotics is an important part of non-animal safety assessment. The results presented in this work show that the cellular stress panel can be used, together with other new approach methodologies, to identify chemical exposures that are protective of consumer health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Hatherell
- Unilever Safety and Environmental Assurance Centre, Colworth Science Park, Sharnbrook, Bedfordshire MK44 1LQ, UK
| | - Maria T Baltazar
- Unilever Safety and Environmental Assurance Centre, Colworth Science Park, Sharnbrook, Bedfordshire MK44 1LQ, UK
| | - Joe Reynolds
- Unilever Safety and Environmental Assurance Centre, Colworth Science Park, Sharnbrook, Bedfordshire MK44 1LQ, UK
| | - Paul L Carmichael
- Unilever Safety and Environmental Assurance Centre, Colworth Science Park, Sharnbrook, Bedfordshire MK44 1LQ, UK
| | - Matthew Dent
- Unilever Safety and Environmental Assurance Centre, Colworth Science Park, Sharnbrook, Bedfordshire MK44 1LQ, UK
| | - Hequn Li
- Unilever Safety and Environmental Assurance Centre, Colworth Science Park, Sharnbrook, Bedfordshire MK44 1LQ, UK
| | | | - Andrew White
- Unilever Safety and Environmental Assurance Centre, Colworth Science Park, Sharnbrook, Bedfordshire MK44 1LQ, UK
| | - Paul Walker
- Cyprotex Discovery Ltd, Macclesfield, Cheshire SK10 4TG, UK
| | - Alistair M Middleton
- Unilever Safety and Environmental Assurance Centre, Colworth Science Park, Sharnbrook, Bedfordshire MK44 1LQ, UK
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Erukainure OL, Salau VF, Oyenihi AB, Mshicileli N, Islam MS. Strawberry fruit (Fragaria x ananassa cv. Romina) extenuates iron-induced cardiac oxidative injury via effects on redox balance, angiotensin-converting enzyme, purinergic activities, and metabolic pathways. J Food Biochem 2020; 44:e13315. [PMID: 32510661 DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.13315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2020] [Revised: 04/15/2020] [Accepted: 05/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The potential cardioprotective properties of strawberry fruit (Fragaria x ananassa) (SF) were investigated in cardiac tissues ex vivo. Oxidative injury was induced by incubating freshly harvested cardiac tissue homogenates from healthy Sprague Dawley male rats with 0.1 mM FeSO4 for 30 min at 37°C. The induction of oxidative injury resulted in depleted levels of glutathione, superoxide dismutase, catalase, E-NTPDase activities, and HDL-c, while elevating the levels of malondialdehyde, angiotensin-converting enzyme, acetylcholinesterase, ATPase, lipase activities, cholesterol, triglyceride, and LDL-c. Co-incubation with SF significantly reversed these levels and activities with concomitant depletion of oxidative-induced metabolites and reactivation of oxidative-inactivated pathways, while limiting beta-oxidation of very long chain fatty acids and mitochondrial beta-oxidation of medium-chain saturated fatty acids pathways. These data portray the potential cardioprotective effects of strawberry fruits against oxidative-induced cardiopathy via the attenuation of oxidative stress, inhibition of ACE and acetylcholinesterase activities, and modulation of lipid dysmetabolism. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: Fruits and other fruit-based products have been enjoying wide acceptability among consumers due to their immense medicinal benefits particularly, on cardiovascular health. Strawberries are among the common fruits in the world. Over the years, cardiovascular diseases have been known to contribute greatly to global mortality irrespective of age. This study reports the potentials of strawberry fruits to protect against oxidative mediated cardiovascular dysfunctions. Thus, the fruits can be utilized as a cheap alternative for the development of nutraceuticals for maintaining cardiac health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ochuko L Erukainure
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein, South Africa
| | - Veronica F Salau
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - Ayodeji B Oyenihi
- Functional Foods Research Unit, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, Bellville, South Africa
| | - Ndumiso Mshicileli
- AgriFood Technology Station, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, Bellville, South Africa
| | - Md Shahidul Islam
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
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Yang JL, Sun MY, Yuan Q, Tang S, Dong MJ, Zhang RD, Liu YY, Mao L. Keap1-Nrf2 signaling activation by Bardoxolone-methyl ameliorates high glucose-induced oxidative injury in human umbilical vein endothelial cells. Aging (Albany NY) 2020; 12:10370-10380. [PMID: 32484788 PMCID: PMC7346051 DOI: 10.18632/aging.103263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2020] [Accepted: 04/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
In cultured human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) high glucose (HG) stimulation will lead to significant cell death. Bardoxolone-methyl (BARD) is a NF-E2 p45-related factor 2 (Nrf2) agonist. In this study we show that BARD, at only nM concentrations, activated Nrf2 signaling in HUVECs. BARD induced Keap1-Nrf2 disassociation, Nrf2 protein stabilization and nuclear translocation, increasing expression of antioxidant response element (ARE) genes. BARD pretreatment in HUVECs inhibited HG-induced reactive oxygen species production, oxidative injury and cell apoptosis. Nrf2 shRNA or knockout (using a CRISPR/Cas9 construct) reversed BARD-induced cytoprotection in HG-stimulated HUVECs. Conversely, forced activation of Nrf2 cascade by Keap1 shRNA mimicked BARD’s activity and protected HUVECs from HG. Importantly, BARD failed to offer further cytoprotection against HG in the Keap1-silened HUVECs. Taken together, Keap1-Nrf2 cascade activation by BARD protects HUVECs from HG-induced oxidative injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing-Lei Yang
- Department of Endocrinology, The Affiliated Huai'an People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Huai'an, China
| | - Meng-Yue Sun
- Department of Endocrinology, The Affiliated Huai'an People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Huai'an, China
| | - Qi Yuan
- Department of Endocrinology, The Affiliated Huai'an People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Huai'an, China
| | - Shan Tang
- Department of Endocrinology, The Affiliated Huai'an People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Huai'an, China
| | - Mei-Juan Dong
- Department of Endocrinology, The Affiliated Huai'an People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Huai'an, China
| | - Ri-Dong Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, The Affiliated Huai'an People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Huai'an, China
| | - Yuan-Yuan Liu
- Department of Endocrinology, The Affiliated Huai'an People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Huai'an, China
| | - Li Mao
- Department of Endocrinology, The Affiliated Huai'an People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Huai'an, China
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He J, Zhou D, Yan B. Eriocitrin alleviates oxidative stress and inflammatory response in cerebral ischemia reperfusion rats by regulating phosphorylation levels of Nrf2/NQO-1/HO-1/NF-κB p65 proteins. Ann Transl Med 2020; 8:757. [PMID: 32647682 PMCID: PMC7333167 DOI: 10.21037/atm-20-4258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Background Cerebral ischemia (CI) can lead to ischemic stroke. The most effective therapy for cerebral ischemic stroke is the early restoration of blood reperfusion. However, reperfusion after CI can result in cerebral ischemia reperfusion (CI/R) injury. This study aimed to detect the effect of eriocitrin on cerebral I/R injury and investigate the underlying mechanism. Methods Seventy male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were randomly divided into 5 groups: the control group, the cerebral I/R group, the I/R + eriocitrin 8 mg/kg group, the I/R + eriocitrin 16 mg/kg group, and the I/R + eriocitrin 32 mg/kg group. Different doses of eriocitrin or 0.5% carboxymethyl cellulose sodium were administrated to the rats once daily for 7 days before middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO). PCR staining was performed to observe cerebral infarction. Hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining was carried out to observe the damage to the brain tissue. Terminal-deoxynucleotidyl transferase mediated nick end labeling (TUNEL) was used to detect apoptosis. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) was used to detect the relative mRNA levels of related molecules. Western blot was used to detect the expression of related proteins. The detection kits were used to detect superoxide dismutase (SOD) and lactic dehydrogenase (LDH) activity, and malondialdehyde (MDA) content respectively. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to detect TNF-radiation, interleukin-6 (IL-6), and interleukin-10 (IL-10). Results The results showed that Eriocitrin significantly reduced the cerebral infarct volume, cerebral water content, and cerebral indexes. Eriocitrin treatment alleviated pathological injury, promoted cell proliferation, and inhibited cell apoptosis. Eriocitrin upregulated SOD activity and downregulated MDA and LDH content. Eriocitrin also effectively decreased the levels of IL-6 and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), but increased the content of IL-10 in serum and brain tissues. Furthermore, Eriocitrin increased the phosphorylation of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor (Nrf2), as well as the expressions of heme-oxygenase-1 (HO-1) and quinine oxidoreductase 1 (NQO1). Moreover, Eriocitrin decreased the phosphorylation of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) p65. Conclusions Our results indicated that Eriocitrin attenuated oxidative injury and inflammatory response in rats with CI/R via the Nrf2/HO-1/NQO1/NF-κB signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia He
- Department of Neurology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.,Department of Neurology, 363 Hospital, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Dong Zhou
- Department of Neurology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Bo Yan
- Department of Neurology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
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Kassi EN, Papavassiliou KA, Papavassiliou AG. G6PD and chloroquine: Selecting the treatment against SARS-CoV-2? J Cell Mol Med 2020; 24:4913-4914. [PMID: 32281268 PMCID: PMC7205832 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.15312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2020] [Accepted: 04/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Eva N Kassi
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Kostas A Papavassiliou
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Athanasios G Papavassiliou
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
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Wang XM, She C, Li Q, Zhang D, Xu JX, Li MH, Li P, Xu HB. Ginsenoside Rh3 activates Nrf2 signaling and protects endometrial cells from oxygen and glucose deprivation-reoxygenation. Aging (Albany NY) 2020; 12:6109-19. [PMID: 32259797 DOI: 10.18632/aging.103009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2019] [Accepted: 02/05/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Oxygen and glucose deprivation (OGD)-reoxygenation (OGDR) induces oxidative injury to endometrial cells in vitro. We tested the potential effect of ginsenoside Rh3 (GRh3) in the process. Our results show that GRh3 activated Nrf2 signaling in T-HESC cells and primary murine endometrial cells. GRh3 induced Nrf2 Ser-40 phosphorylation and Keap1-Nrf2 disassociation, causing Nrf2 protein stabilization and nuclear translocation, which led to transcription and expression of antioxidant response element-dependent genes (HO1, NQO1 and GCLC). In T-HESC cells and primary murine endometrial cells, GRh3 potently attenuated OGDR-induced reactive oxygen species production, lipid peroxidation and mitochondrial depolarization, as well as cell viability reduction and necrosis. Activation of Nrf2 is required for GRh3-induced anti-OGDR actions in endometrial cells. Nrf2 inhibition, by Nrf2 shRNA, knockout (through CRISPR-Cas9-editing) or S40T mutation, abolished GRh3-induced endometrial cell protection against OGDR. Additionally, forced activation of Nrf2, by Keap1 knockout, mimicked and nullified GRh3-induced anti-OGDR actions in T-HESC cells. Together, we conclude that GRh3 protects endometrial cells from OGDR via activation of Nrf2 signaling.
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Chang JF, Liu SH, Lu KC, Ka SM, Hsieh CY, Ho CT, Lin WN, Wen LL, Liou JC, Chang SW, Wu CC, Wang TM, Li YY. Uremic Vascular Calcification Is Correlated With Oxidative Elastic Lamina Injury, Contractile Smooth Muscle Cell Loss, Osteogenesis, and Apoptosis: The Human Pathobiological Evidence. Front Med (Lausanne) 2020; 7:78. [PMID: 32266272 PMCID: PMC7105710 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2020.00078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2019] [Accepted: 02/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Uremic vascular calcification (UVC) is reminiscent of osteogenesis and apoptosis in vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC). We aimed to identify how circulating procalcific particles dramatically leak into VSMC layer in human tissue models of vascular rings. Methods: According to baseline estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), patients following lower extremity amputation were divided into three groups: normal renal function (eGFR ≧ 60 ml/min), mild-to-moderate (15 ml/min < eGFR ≧ 60 ml/min) and severe chronic kidney disease (CKD) (eGFR ≦ 15 ml/min). Arterial specimens with immunohistochemistry stain were quantitatively analyzed for UVC, internal elastic lamina (EL) disruption, α-SMA, osteogenesis, apoptosis, and oxidative injury. Correlations among UVC severity, eGFR, EL disruption, osteogenesis, and oxidative injury were investigated. Results: CKD arteries were associated with eGFR-dependent EL disruption corresponding to UVC severity. CKD arteries exhibited lower α-SMA, higher expressions of caspase-3 and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL), indicative of contractile VSMC loss, and apoptosis. Enhanced expressions of alkaline phosphatase and Runx2 were presented in VSMCs of CKD arteries, indicative of osteogenic differentiation. Above eGFR-dependent UVC and EL disruption correlated expressions of 8-hydroxy-2′-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG), indicating oxidative EL injury promoted procalcific processes. Conclusions: Circulating uremic milieu triggers vascular oxidative stress, leading to progressive internal EL disruption as a key event in disabling VSMC defense mechanisms and catastrophic mineral ion influx into VSMC layer. Oxidative EL injury begins in early CKD, corresponding with active VSMC re-programming, apoptosis, and ultimately irremediable UVC. In light of this, therapeutic strategies targeting oxidative tissue injury might be of vital importance to hinder the progression of UVC related cardiovascular events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Feng Chang
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Taipei Medical University-Shuang Ho Hospital, New Taipei City, Taiwan.,Department of Pathology, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan.,Graduate Institution of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Science, College of Medicine, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City, Taiwan.,Department of Nursing, Yuanpei University of Medical Technology, Hsinchu, Taiwan.,Renal Care Joint Foundation, New Taipei City, Taiwan.,Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, En Chu Kong Hospital, New Taipei City, Taiwan.,Academy of Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Graduate Institute of Aerospace and Undersea Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Hao Liu
- Division of Pathology, En-Chu-Kong Hospital, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Kuo-Cheng Lu
- College of Medicine, Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Fu Jen Catholic University Hospital, School of Medicine, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Shuk-Man Ka
- Academy of Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Graduate Institute of Aerospace and Undersea Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Yu Hsieh
- Department of Pathology, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan.,Renal Care Joint Foundation, New Taipei City, Taiwan.,Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, En Chu Kong Hospital, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Ta Ho
- Renal Care Joint Foundation, New Taipei City, Taiwan.,Academy of Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Graduate Institute of Aerospace and Undersea Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Ning Lin
- Graduate Institution of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Science, College of Medicine, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Li-Li Wen
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, Yuanpei University, Hsinchu, Taiwan.,Department of Clinical Laboratory, En Chu Kong Hospital, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Jian-Chiun Liou
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Wei Chang
- Department of Civil Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chang-Chin Wu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yuanpei University of Medical Technology, Hsinchu, Taiwan.,Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, En-Chu-Kong Hospital, New Taipei City, Taiwan.,Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, School of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ting-Ming Wang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, School of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yen-Yao Li
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi City, Taiwan.,College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
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Parlar A, Arslan SO. Thymoquinone reduces ischemia and reperfusion-induced intestinal injury in rats, through anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory effects. Turk J Surg 2020; 36:96-104. [PMID: 32637881 PMCID: PMC7315442 DOI: 10.5578/turkjsurg.4583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2019] [Accepted: 12/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of thymoquinone on ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury at 150 min or/and 24 h of reperfusion in male Wistar Rats. MATERIAL AND METHODS The therapeutic value of thymoquinone on cellular damage caused by reactive oxygene species or inflammatory processes during intestinal ischemia/reperfusion was investigated using pharmacological function studies on smooth muscle contractile responses of acetylcholine (Ach) and KCl, along with myeloperoxidase activity, malondialdehyhde, glutathione and cytokine levels such as tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α and interleukin (IL)-1β in serum and ileum tissue of rats. Thymoquinone was administered at a dose of 50 mg/kg orally for three times: 30 min, 24 h and 48 h prior to the surgical procedure. Soon after reperfusion timing (150 min or 24 h), the contractility traces to KCl and acetylcholine of the ileum smooth muscle were recorded through isolated organ bath. RESULTS Pretreatment with thymoquinone reversed the disrupted contractility of the ileum smooth muscle at the 24 h reperfusion. Increased malondialdehyde and depleted glutathione levels and high myeloperoxidase activity determined in the ileum I/R tissue returned to reasonable amounts by pretreatment of Thymoquinone, which attenuated malondialdehyde quantity, restored glutathione level and inhibited myeloperoxidase activity. In addition, both serum and tissue TNF-α and IL-1β activities were modulated by thymoquinone at 24 h of intestinal I/R. CONCLUSION The results indicate that thymoquinone may have therapeutic value due to its immunomodulating, radical scavenging and/or antioxidant effects in intestinal I/R injury including oxidant damage mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Parlar
- Department of Medical Pharmacology, Adiyaman University School of Medicine, Adiyaman, Turkey
| | - Seyfullah Oktay Arslan
- Department of Medical Pharmacology, Ankara Yildirim Beyazit University School of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
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Liang J, Shen YC, Zhang XY, Chen C, Zhao H, Hu J. Circular RNA HIPK3 downregulation mediates hydrogen peroxide-induced cytotoxicity in human osteoblasts. Aging (Albany NY) 2020; 12:1159-70. [PMID: 31955154 DOI: 10.18632/aging.102674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2019] [Accepted: 12/25/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) induces oxidative injury to human osteoblasts. The expression and potential function of circular RNA HIPK3 (circHIPK3) in H2O2-treated human osteoblasts were tested. We show that H2O2 significantly downregulated circHIPK3 in OB-6 cells and primary human osteoblasts. Furthermore, circHIPK3 levels were decreased in the necrotic femoral head tissues of dexamethasone-treated patients. In OB-6 osteoblastic cells and primary human osteoblasts, forced overexpression of circHIPK3 by a lentiviral construct alleviated H2O2-induced viability reduction, cell death and apoptosis. Contrarily, circHIPK3 silencing by targeted shRNA potentiated H2O2-induced cytotoxicity in OB-6 cells and primary human osteoblasts. Moreover, circHIPK3 downregulation by H2O2 induced miR-124 accumulation in OB-6 cells and primary human osteoblasts. On the contrary, miR-124 inhibition by transfection of the miR-124 inhibitor protected human osteoblasts from H2O2. Importantly, forced overexpression of miR-124 by transfection of the miR-124 mimic induced significant cytotoxicity in OB-6 cells and primary human osteoblasts. H2O2 downregulated miR-124’s targets, cyclin dependent kinase 6 and Rho-Associated Protein Kinase 1, in human osteoblasts. In conclusion circHIPK3 downregulation mediates H2O2-induced cytotoxicity in human osteoblasts.
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Ueda S, Shimasaki M, Ichiseki T, Hirata H, Kawahara N, Ueda Y. Mitochondrial Transcription Factor A added to Osteocytes in a Stressed Environment has a Cytoprotective Effect. Int J Med Sci 2020; 17:1293-1299. [PMID: 32547324 PMCID: PMC7294917 DOI: 10.7150/ijms.45335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2020] [Accepted: 05/06/2020] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The main precipitant of glucocorticoid-associated femoral head osteonecrosis is widely accepted to be an ischemic-hypoxic event, with oxidative stress also as an underlying factor. Mitochondrial DNA is more vulnerable to oxidative injury than the nucleus, and mitochondrial transcription factor A (TFAM), which plays roles in its function, preservation, and regulation is being increasingly investigated. In the present study we focused on the impact of TFAM on the relation between the oxidative injury induced by the addition of glucocorticoid to a hypoxic environment and osteocytic cell necrosis. Using cultured osteocytes MLO-Y4 in a 1% hypoxic environment (hypoxia) to which 1µM dexamethasone (Dex) was added (Dex(+)/hypoxia(+)), an immunocytochemical study was conducted using 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG), an index of oxidative stress, and hypoxia inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α), a marker of hypoxia. Next, after adding TFAM siRNA, TFAM knockdown, cultured for 24h, and mitochondrial membrane potential were measured, they were stained with ATP5A which labels adenosine triphosphate (ATP) production. Dex was added to MLO-Y4 to which TFAM had been added, and cultured for 24h in hypoxia. The ratio of dead cells to viable cells was determined and compared. Enhanced expression of 8-OHdG, HIF-1α was found in osteocytes following the addition of glucocorticoid in a hypoxic environment. With TFAM knockdown, as compared to normoxia, mitochondrial function significantly decreased. On the other hand, by adding TFAM, the incidence of osteocytic cell necrosis was significantly decreased as compared with Dex(+)/hypoxia(+). TFAM was confirmed to be important in mitochondrial function and preservation, inhibition of oxidative injury and maintenance of ATP production. Moreover, prevention of mitochondrial injury can best be achieved by decreasing the development of osteocytic cell necrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shusuke Ueda
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kanazawa Medical University, Daigaku 1-1, Uchinada-machi, Kahoku-gun, Ishikawa 920-0293, Japan
| | - Miyako Shimasaki
- Department of Pathology 2, Kanazawa Medical University, Daigaku 1-1, Uchinada, Kahoku-gun, Ishikawa, 920-0293, Japan
| | - Toru Ichiseki
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kanazawa Medical University, Daigaku 1-1, Uchinada-machi, Kahoku-gun, Ishikawa 920-0293, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Hirata
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kanazawa Medical University, Daigaku 1-1, Uchinada-machi, Kahoku-gun, Ishikawa 920-0293, Japan
| | - Norio Kawahara
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kanazawa Medical University, Daigaku 1-1, Uchinada-machi, Kahoku-gun, Ishikawa 920-0293, Japan
| | - Yoshimichi Ueda
- Department of Pathology 2, Kanazawa Medical University, Daigaku 1-1, Uchinada, Kahoku-gun, Ishikawa, 920-0293, Japan
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Miller BA, Wang J, Song J, Zhang XQ, Hirschler-Laszkiewicz I, Shanmughapriya S, Tomar D, Rajan S, Feldman AM, Madesh M, Sheu SS, Cheung JY. Trpm2 enhances physiological bioenergetics and protects against pathological oxidative cardiac injury: Role of Pyk2 phosphorylation. J Cell Physiol 2019; 234:15048-15060. [PMID: 30637731 PMCID: PMC6626587 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.28146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2018] [Accepted: 01/03/2019] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
The mechanisms by which Trpm2 channels enhance mitochondrial bioenergetics and protect against oxidative stress-induced cardiac injury remain unclear. Here, the role of proline-rich tyrosine kinase 2 (Pyk2) in Trpm2 signaling is explored. Activation of Trpm2 in adult myocytes with H2 O2 resulted in 10- to 21-fold increases in Pyk2 phosphorylation in wild-type (WT) myocytes which was significantly lower (~40%) in Trpm2 knockout (KO) myocytes. Pyk2 phosphorylation was inhibited (~54%) by the Trpm2 blocker clotrimazole. Buffering Trpm2-mediated Ca2+ increase with 1,2-bis(2-aminophenoxy)ethane-N,N,N',N'-tetraacetic acid (BAPTA) resulted in significantly reduced pPyk2 in WT but not in KO myocytes, indicating Ca2+ influx through activated Trpm2 channels phosphorylated Pyk2. Part of phosphorylated Pyk2 translocated from cytosol to mitochondria which has been previously shown to augment mitochondrial Ca2+ uptake and enhance adenosine triphosphate generation. Although Trpm2-mediated Ca2+ influx phosphorylated Ca2+ -calmodulin kinase II (CaMKII), the CaMKII inhibitor KN93 did not significantly affect Pyk2 phosphorylation in H2 O2 -treated WT myocytes. After ischemia/reperfusion (I/R), Pyk2 phosphorylation and its downstream prosurvival signaling molecules (pERK1/2 and pAkt) were significantly lower in KO-I/R when compared with WT-I/R hearts. After hypoxia/reoxygenation, mitochondrial membrane potential was lower and superoxide level was higher in KO myocytes, and were restored to WT values by the mitochondria-targeted superoxide scavenger MitoTempo. Our results suggested that Ca2+ influx via tonically activated Trpm2 phosphorylated Pyk2, part of which translocated to mitochondria, resulting in better mitochondrial bioenergetics to maintain cardiac health. After I/R, Pyk2 activated prosurvival signaling molecules and prevented excessive increases in reactive oxygen species, thereby affording protection from I/R injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara A. Miller
- Department of Pediatrics, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania 17033
| | - JuFang Wang
- Center of Translational Medicine, Lewis Katz School of Medicine of Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19140
| | - Jianliang Song
- Center of Translational Medicine, Lewis Katz School of Medicine of Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19140
| | - Xue-Qian Zhang
- Center of Translational Medicine, Lewis Katz School of Medicine of Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19140
| | - Iwona Hirschler-Laszkiewicz
- Department of Pediatrics, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania 17033
| | - Santhanam Shanmughapriya
- Center of Translational Medicine, Lewis Katz School of Medicine of Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19140,Department of Biochemistry, Lewis Katz School of Medicine of Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19140
| | - Dhanendra Tomar
- Center of Translational Medicine, Lewis Katz School of Medicine of Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19140,Department of Biochemistry, Lewis Katz School of Medicine of Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19140
| | - Sudasan Rajan
- Center of Translational Medicine, Lewis Katz School of Medicine of Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19140,Department of Biochemistry, Lewis Katz School of Medicine of Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19140
| | - Arthur M. Feldman
- Department of Medicine, Lewis Katz School of Medicine of Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19140
| | - Muniswamy Madesh
- Center of Translational Medicine, Lewis Katz School of Medicine of Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19140,Department of Biochemistry, Lewis Katz School of Medicine of Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19140
| | - Shey-Shing Sheu
- Center for Translational Medicine, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19107
| | - Joseph Y. Cheung
- Center of Translational Medicine, Lewis Katz School of Medicine of Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19140,Department of Medicine, Lewis Katz School of Medicine of Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19140
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Eken MK, Ersoy GS, Kaygusuz EI, Devranoğlu B, Takır M, Çilingir ÖT, Çevik Ö. Etanercept protects ovarian reserve against ischemia/reperfusion injury in a rat model. Arch Med Sci 2019; 15:1104-1112. [PMID: 31360205 PMCID: PMC6657239 DOI: 10.5114/aoms.2017.72406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2017] [Accepted: 03/29/2017] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Etanercept has been widely used in autoimmune diseases for blocking tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α), which is an inflammatory cytokine. The anti-apoptotic and anti-inflammatory effects of etanercept against ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury have been shown for several tissues in rat studies, but to the best of our knowledge, there are no reports on its protective effects following similar injury in ovarian tissue. The aim of this study was to investigate whether etanercept has beneficial effects on ovarian I/R injury, as well as on ovarian reserve. MATERIAL AND METHODS Twenty-four rats were randomly divided into four groups (n = 6/group): sham (laparotomy only); sham + etanercept; I/R; and I/R + etanercept. Ischemia was induced for 3 h by twisting the ovary, and 24 h after detorsion the ovarian tissues were collected to evaluate histopathologic changes, glutathione (GSH), malondialdehyde (MDA), myeloperoxidase (MPO), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) concentrations for oxidative stress, 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) for DNA damage, caspase-3 activity for apoptosis and ovarian follicle counts. To measure anti-Mullerian hormone (AMH), serum samples were drawn before and after surgery. RESULTS Tissue GSH and SOD levels were significantly higher, while MDA and MPO levels were significantly lower in the I/R + etanercept group than in the I/R group (p < 0.05, p < 0.01, respectively). Tissue 8-OHdG and caspase-3 activity were significantly lower in the I/R+etanercept group than in the I/R group (p < 0.05, p < 0.01, respectively). Preoperative and postoperative AMH levels were compared and there was a significant reduction in the I/R and I/R + etanercept groups (p < 0.001, p < 0.001). The reduction of AMH in the I/R + etanercept group was significantly lower than in the I/R group. The primordial, preantral and small antral follicle numbers were also significantly higher in the I/R + etanercept group compared to the I/R group (p < 0.001, p < 0.001, p < 0.005, respectively). CONCLUSIONS Etanercept attenuated inflammation and related oxidative stress and also helped to preserve ovarian reserve following ovarian I/R damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meryem Kurek Eken
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, Medical Faculty, Adnan Menderes University, Aydın, Turkey
| | - Gulcin Sahin Ersoy
- Obstetric and Gynecology Department, Kartal Dr. Lütfi Kırdar Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ecmel Işık Kaygusuz
- Pathology Department, Zeynep Kamil Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Belgin Devranoğlu
- Infertility Department, Zeynep Kamil Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Mümtaz Takır
- Internal Medicine Department, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Istanbul Medeniyet University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Özlem Tuğçe Çilingir
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Medicine, Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Özge Çevik
- Department of Biochemistry, Medical Faculty, Adnan Menderes University, Aydın, Turkey
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